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A DICTIONARY OF 

HYMNOLOGY 



Setting forth the Origin and History of 
Christian Hymns of all Ages and Nations 



Edited by 

JOHN JULIAN, D.D. 

VOLUME I A to O 



DOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC. 
NEW YORK • NEW-YORK^ - 



First Edition January, 1892 

Second Revised Edition with New Supplement June, 1907 



This new Dover Edition first published in 1957, is an unabridged 
and unaltered republication of the Second and last Revised Edition. 
The original work appeared as one volume but is now bound as 
two. It is published through special arrangement with John Murray. 



^Manufactured in the United States of America 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



I. PSEFAOBS .... 

II. List of Contributors . 

III. List op Manuscripts . 

IV. Abbreviations . 
Y. Dictionary : A-Z. 

VI. C koss Reference Index to First Lines in English, French, 
German, Greek, Latin, and other Languages 

See also 
VII. Index of Authobh, Tb ujslators, Ac. , 

See alto 
VIII. Appendix, Part I.: A-Z. Late Articles . 
IX. „ Part II. : A-Z. Additions and Corrections 
X. New Supplement, with (a) Index of First Lines, and 
(6) Index of Authors and Translators, to Appendix, 
Parts I. and II., and the New Supplement . 



PAQffi 

. yii-i 
xi-xiii 
xv, xvi 
rvii, xviii 
1-1806 

1807-1504 
1780-1760 
1505-1521 
1761-1768 
1525-1549 
1549-1597 



1699-1768 



PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. 



Since the publication of this Dictionary of Hymnohgy in 1892, hymnologioal 
studies have made great strides in many directions, and interest therein has 
led to the issue of many -works on hymns and hymn-writers. Some of these 
productions are of an elementary character, others are of striking value, 
and all bear witness to the catholicity and importance of this branch of 
sacred study. 

2. In addition numerous Hymn Books of an official, quasi-official, and un- 
denominational character have been published in various countries, especially 
in Great Britain and America. These collections contain matter hitherto 
unknown to the general public, the authorship, origin, and history of which are 
regarded as of supreme importance by the hymnological student, and of 
general interest to the Christian Church in all lands. 

3. Fifteen years have also made great inroads in the ranks of Authors 
and Translators, and brought into prominence many hymn-writers and others 
whose work is of a valuable and enduring character. 

4. When, therefore, the original edition of this Dictionary was exhausted 
in 1904, it was decided that, instead of issuing a reprint from the stereotyped 
plates as a second edition, advantage should be taken of the opportunity to 
revise the whole work, and to bring it up to date. 

5. Although the book was stereotyped after the printing of the first Edition, 
yet the few errors in names and dates which were discovered in the text have 
been corrected and a certain amount of new matter has been added. 

6. The most valuable and important part of the new Edition, however, is 
the New Supplement, in which are embodied many new features. In this the 
contents of the principal hymnals which have been issued during the past 
fifteen years are annotated ; biographical notices of Authors and Translators 
are given; the history of National and Denominational hymnody has been 
extended to the present time; and new Indices have been included. The 
subject-matter contained herein has been arranged to secure the greatest 
amount of information in the least possible space. To insure success in the 
use of this work the student should refer, in the first instance, to pp. 1-1306; 
1525-1597 ; and 1599-1729, and consult them in alphabetical order. Failing 
to find what he requires he must pass on to the Cross Reference Indices : for 
First Lines, to pp. 1307-1504 ; and 1730-1760 : and for Authors and Trans- 
lators, to pp. 1505-1521 ; and 1761-1768. 



( viii ) 

7. The task of amassing the information necessary for fulness of detail and 
accuracy has been great, but it has been lightened considerably by the aid 
given, willingly and cheerfully, by a large body of correspondents, to whom 
personal acknowledgment has been made for their generous assistance. 

8. It is again a privilege and a duty to record with gratitude the-co-operation 
of the Contributors whose signatures are appended to their respective articles, 
amongst whom the Eev. James Meakns, M.A., the Assistant Editor, is the 
most important. His minute and careful research in all departments of 
hymnological literature has greatly enriched the New Supplement, and con- 
tributed much towards its general accuracy and fulness of detail. 

' JOHN JULIAN. 
Topclifpi! Vicarage, 
Jul*. WOT. 



PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. 



The first pages of this " Dictionary of Hymnology, Setting forth the Origin 
and History of Christian Hymns of all Ages and Nations, with special 
referenoe to those oontained in the Hymn Books of English-speaking 
Countries," were completed more than ten years ago. Since that time, 
there has been a constant and rapid production of official and quasi- 
official hymn books of great importance in all English-speaking countries. 
To meet this emergency, and to make this work both trustworthy and 
exhaustive, constant revisions and additions were imperatively called for, 
which have considerably enlarged the work and delayed its publication. 

2. Hymnological works, both historical and critical, and in several lan- 
guages, have also been published during the same period. A careful study 
of these works — many of which are by distinguished scholars and experts 
in the various languages and departments — and a laborious and critical testing 
of their contents, have consumed a vast amount of time, with the result of 
great practical advantage to the Dictionary as a whole. 

3. The Appendix (Parts I. and II.) also became a necessity; and, together 
with the "Cross Eeference Index to First Lines" (pp. 1307-1504), the 
"Index of Authors, &c." (pp. 1505-1521), and the "Supplemental Index" 
to each (pp. 1593-1616), must be carefully consulted by the hymnological 
student. 

4. Where it could possibly be avoided, nothing has been taken at second- 
hand. Minute technical accuracy has been aimed at, and, after great labour 
and inevitable delay, has, it is hoped, in most instances, been attained. 
The pursuit of this aim has very frequently demanded, for the production of 
one page only, as much time and attention as is usually expended on 
one hundred pages of ordinary history or criticism. 

5. The MSS. used in this work number nearly ten thousand, and 
include (1) those in the great public libraries of Europe and America; 
(2) those in private hands; (3) those in the possession of the Assistant 
Editor ; and (4) those of the Editor. 

6. The Books, Magazines, Newspapers, Broadsheets, &c, collated and 
examined, have been too numerous to count. The Editor's collection of 
MSS., Books, Pamphlets, &c, will, on the publication of this work, become 
the property of the Church House, where they will be available for 
consultation. 

7. The total number of Christian hymns in the 200 or more languages 
and dialects in which they have been written or translated is not less than 
400,000. When classified into languages the greatest number are found to 
be in German, English, Latin, and Greek, in the order named. Other 
languages are also strongly represented, but fall far short of these in extent 
and importance. The leading articles on National and Denominational 
hymnody given in this work furnish a clear outline of the rise and develop- 



( X ) 

raent of this mass of hymn writing. Arranged chronologically they set 
forth the periods when hymn-writing began in various languages, and the 
subjects which engaged the attention of the writers. It will be found that 
whilst the earliest hymns, as the Magnificat, the quotations in the Pastoral 
Epistles, Ac, are in Greek, it required less than 170 years for the addition of 
Syriac to be made to the roll of languages. Latin followed in another 200 
years. In another 50 years, the first notes in Early English were heard. 
German was added in the 9th cent. ; Italian in the 13th oent. ; Bohemian 
in the 15th cent., and others later, until the roll numbers over 200 languages 
and dialects. Careful attention to the chronology of the subject will also 
bring out the facts, that whilst Clement of Alexandria (p. 238) was singing 
in Greek, Bardesanes (p. 1109) was inspiring his followers in Syriac, later 
on we find that the finest of the early poets were writing contemporaneously 
— Gregory of Nazianzus (p. 468) and Synesius (p. 1108) in Greek; St. 
Ambrose (p. 56), Prudentius (p. 914), and St. Hilary (p. 522) in Latin; and 
Ephraem the Syrian (p. 1109) in Syriac Still later, as the roll of languages 
is increased, the grouping of names, countries and languages within given 
periods, will yield rich materials for the use of the historian and the divine. 

8. In the following pages are set forth the countries where, the periods 
when, the languages in which, and in many instances, the men by whom 
the doctrines and ritual teachings and practices of Christianity were first 
enshrined in song ; aud by whom and in what languages and countries the 
greatest developments have taken place. 

9. English readers especially will find that one of the leading features 
of this Dictionary is the effort made to bring this mass of historical, 
biographical, doctrinal, devotional, and ritual matter as fully as possible 
within the grasp of those who are acquainted with no other language but 
their own. Linguistically the English language is the key-note of this 
work, and tbe hymns contained in the hymn-books of English-speaking 
countries, and now in Common Use, are its basis. 

10. Personal acknowledgment has been made with deep gratitude to more 
than one thousand correspondents for valuable assistance rendered by them 
in the production of this work. In addition to the Contributors whose 
signatures are appended to their respective articles, special reference has to 
be made to the assistance of Miss Stevenson in compiling the " Indices 
of Authors, Translators, &c" ; to the invaluable services of Mb. W. T. 
Brooke, whose acquaintance with early English hymnody is unrivalled ; to 
Major G. A. Crawford, the compiler of tbe elaborate and complete " Indices 
of Cross Beference to First Lines, &c.," whose aid in revision from the 
first, and whose technical acquaintance with and accuracy in correcting 
the Press have been of eminent value; and to the Bet, James Mearns, 
whose assistance has been so extensive, varied, and prolonged, as to earn 
the unsolicited and unexpected, but well deserved and cheerfully accorded 
position of Assistant Editor of this work. 

JOHN JULIAN. 
VTixcobask Vicahase, 
December, 1891. 



LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS. 



W. H. M. H. A. Eev. W. H. M. H. AITKEN, M.A., General Superintendent 
of the Church Parochial Mission Society, and Canon 
Residentiary of Norwich. 

H. L. B. Rev. E. LEIGH BENNETT, M.A., Prebendary of Lincoln 

Cathedral, and sometime Rector of Thrybergh, Yorkshire. 

L. F. B. Rev. L. P. BENSON, D.D, Editor of the authorised 

Hymnals, Ac, of the General Assembly of the Presby- 
terian Chinch in the United States, and other works. 

J. T. B. Rev. J. T. BINGLEY, L.R.A.M., F.G.O., sometime Precentor 

of Worksop Abbey Church, 

F. M. B. Rev. F. M. BIRD, MA, Professor of Rhetoric and 

Christian Evidences, Lehigh University, United States 
of America. 

W. J. B. W. J. BIRKBECK, MA., of Magdalen College, Oxford. 

J. B. Rev. JAMES BONAR, M.A, Greenock, Joint Editor of 

the Scottish free Church Bymn Booh and of the Borne 
and School Hymnal. 

W. T. B. WILLIAM T. BROOKE, Walfchamstow, London. 

J. B. Rev. JOHN BROWNLIE, Minister of the Presbyterian 

United Free Church, Portpatrick, and Author of Hymns 
of (he Greek Church, Translated, with Introduction and 
Notes, and other works. 

D. B. Rev. DAWSON BURNS, D.D, Secretary of the United 

Kingdom Alliance. 

J. D. C. J. D. CHAMBERS, MA, F.S.A. (Late), Recorder of New 

Sarnm ; Editor and Translator ; The Psalter, or Seven 
Ordinary Bours . . . of Sctrum ; and The Hymns, &c. ; 
Lauda Syon, &c 

Wm. C. Rev. WILLIAM COOKE, M.A, F.S.A. (Late), Hon. Canon 

of Chester Cathedral; Joint Editor of The Church 
Hymnal and of The Bymnary. 

G. A. C. GEORGE ARTHUR CRAWFORD, MA. (Late). 

T. G. C. Rev, T, G. CRIPPEN, Librarian at the Congregational Hall, 

Farringdori Street, London, and Author of Ancient 
Bymns and Poems Translated from the Latin, and other 
works. 



J. 


L. 


D. 


y. 


D, 


, D. 


j. 


C. 


E. 


F. 


J. 


F. 


E. 


C. 


S. G. 



( ■ III ) 

J. D. Rev. JAMES DAVIDSON, B.A., Vicar of St. Paul's, 

Bristol ; Author of Proper Psalms for Certain Days, &c. 

Rev. J. LEWIS DAVIES, Rector of Llaneigrad, N. Wales. 

Rev. VALENTINE D. DAVIS, B.A., Bometime Minister of 
the Ancient Chapel of Toxteth, Liverpool ; Editor of 
the Inquirer. 

J. C. EARLE, B.A., Oxford (Late). 

Rev. F. J. FALDING, D.D. (Late), Principal of the Congre- 
gational United College, Bradford. 

The Right Rev, EDGAR C. S. GIBSON, D.D., Lord Bishop 

of Gloucester. 

A. E. G. Rev. A. E. GREGORY, D.D., Principal of the Wesleyan 

Children's Home and Orphanage ; Author of the 
Fernley Lecture i The Hymn-Booh of the Modern Church, 
&c. ; and Editor of Tfie Preacher's Magazine. 

A. B. G. Rev. A. B. GROSART, D.D., LL.D. (Late), Editor of The 

Fuller Worthies' Library; The Chertsey Worthies 
Library ; The Works of Spenser, &c, and Author of 
Three Centuries of Hymns, &c. 

M. C. H. M. C. HAZARD, Ph.D., Editor of the Congregational 

Publication Society, Boston, U.S.A. 

J. A. H. Rev. J. ALEXANDER HEWITT, D.C.L., Rector of 

Worcester, South Africa, and Author of The Dutch 
Hymnal for Use in the Province of South Africa, &c. 

T. H. Rev. THOMAS HELMORE, M.A. (Late), Priest in Ordinary 

of H.M. Chapels Royal ; Musical Editor of the Hymnal 
Noted. 

W. G. H. Rev. W. GARRETT HORDER, Editor of Congregational 

Hymns ; The Poets' Bible, &c. ; and Author of The 
Hymn Lover, &c. 

J. J. Rev. JOHN JULIAN, D.D., the Editor. 

J. M. Rev. JAMES MEARNS, M.A., Vicar of Rushden, Bunting- 

ford, Assistant Editor. 

J. T. M. Rev. J. T. MUELLER, Diaconus and Historiographer of 

the Brethren's Unity, Herrnhut, Germany. 

W. R. M. Rev. W. RIGBY MURRAY, M.A., Manchester, Editor of 

Church Praise ; School Praise % and The Revised Psalter. 

C. L. N. Rev. C, L. NOYES, D.D., Joint Editor of Tim Pilgrim 

Hymnal, Boston, U.S. A., &c. 



( xiii ) 

J. H. 0. Rev. J. H. OVERTON, D.D. (Late), Prebendary of Lincoln 

Cathedral, and Rector of Epworth ; Author of The 

English Church in the Eighteenth Century ; Christopher 
Wordsworth, Bishop of Lincoln, &c. 

P. S. Rev. PHILIP SCHAFF, D.D. (Late), New York. 

W. A. S. Rev. W. A. SHOULTS, B.D. (Late), of St. John's College, 

Cambridge. 

W. S. Rev. WILLIAM SMITH, Rector of Catwick, Hull. 

G. J. S. OEOEGB JOHN STEVENSON, M.A. (Late), Author of 

The Methodist Hymn Book, illustrated with Biography, 
History, &c. ; Hymns and Hymn Writers of every Age 
and Nation. 

W. R. S. Rev. W. R. STEVENSON, M. A. (Late), Editor of T!ie Baptkt 

Hymnal; The School Hymnal, &c. 

W. G. T. Rev. W. GLANFFRWD THOMAS (Late), Vicar of St. 

Asaph; sometime Vicar Choral of St, Asaph's Cathedral. 

R. T. The Ven. ROBINSON THORNTON, D.D., F.RHist.S. 

(Late), Vicar of St. John's, Notting Hill, London, and 
Archdeacon of Middlesex ; Boyle Lecturer, &c. 

F. E. W. Rev. F. E. WARREN, B.D., F.S.A., Rector of Bardwell, 

Bury St. Edmunds ; Author of The Liturgy and Ritual 
<f the Celtic Church ; and Editor of The Leofric Missal. 

S. W. SUSANNAH WINKWORTH (Late), Translator of Theologia 

Germanica. 

John Sabto. The Right Rev. JOHN WORDSWORTH, D.D., Lord 
Bishop of Salisbury. 

D. S. W. Rev. DIGBY S. WRANGHAM, MA. (Late), Vicar of 

Barrington, Yorkshire ; Editor and Translator of The 
Liturgical Poetry of Adam of St. Victor; and Author 
of Lyra Regis, &c. 

C. H. H.W. Rev. CHARLES H. H. WRIGHT, D.D., Ph.D„ 

Bampton Lectnrer, Oxford, 1878 ; Donnellan Lecturer, 
Dublin, 1880-81 ; and Examiner in Hebrew, in the 
University of London. 

V., Y. THE EDITOR, assisted by Various Contributors. 



LIST OF MANUSCRIPTS. 



The MSS. used in the preparation of this work include the following : 



I. The Bodleian. 



L Atkmolt. 
1285. 
1291. 

1398. xtU. 

•1623. 
152(. 

11. itorfou. 
n. 

41. 

iii. Bo&lty. 
113. 
(IS. 
775, 

Iv. amenirf. 
BibL 1. sill, 

„ 30. xiiL 

„ 40. xiii. 
LuL n*. 132*. 

„ 373. XT. 
MlM.M.xlll-XlT. 

„ 100, XV. 

„ see. xii. 

„ 619. XT. 

Script. 89. xt. 

„ 131. xill. 

„ 223. XT. 

t. Moby. 

2. XtlL 

19. XlT. 

S3. xll. 
65. 

66. xiiL 

100. XlT. 

168. xiii-xiY. 

vl. Deuce. 
1ST. 
122. 
398. 

vli. Jimivt. 
it. 
W. 
110. 
131. 

Tilt. 

Lat 5. 



292,1. 

10S3, 11. 

H. pt. 11. 

Ml, 1. 

(51, i. 



1011, 11. 
292, 1. 



886, 1- 
1041, 11 
1043, ii 

H. pt. it- 
H. pt. 11. 
H. j.t. It. 
H, pt. II. 
H. pt. 11. 
H. pt. 1L 
H.pt. ii. 
K. pt. ii. 
H. pt. il. 
H. pt. 11. 
H. pt. 11, 
H. pt. 11. 

H- pt.il. 
H. pt. 11. 
H. pt. 11. 

£33, il. 
H. pt. Ii. 
H. pt. II. 
ILpt.il, 



1122, t. 

1042, 11. 
1122, 1. 

1127, 1. 
1127, i. 
1121, 1. 
1013, 1. 

988,1. 
MS, i. 



Lit, OS, 
Misc. 4. 

„ 216. 

„ 240. 

„ 169, 

,, 3B2. 

„ 368. 

.. 384, 



Xl. 

Xll. 

xili. 

Xlv. 
XT. 



I, Latin MSS. 



1122, i. 
1139, i. 

H. pt ti. 

H. pt. 11. 
H. pt. 11. 
H. pt. 11. 
H. pt. ii. 

69J, II. 

1207,1. 
list, II. 

685, ii, 
H. pt.il. 



tx. Litarg. Mite. 



27. 

104. 

163. 

202. 

211. 

207. 

320. 

339. 

340. 

341. 

354. 

35*. 

366. 

370. 

372. 

x. ItawUmm, 

A. 420. xlU-xlr. 

B. 214. XT. 
C73. 

coo. 

C. 108. XT. 

c. mo. 

C. 593. 
C 039. 



XT, 

Xill. 



1043, L 

991, IL 

39*, i. 

1002, IL 

1082, IL 

1092. 11. 

375, It. 

986, i. 

1043, 1. 

1043,1 

662, 11. 

1200, 11. 

372,11. 

866, I, 

60S, t, 



H, pt. 11. 

M. pt. tl. 
320, IL 
USB, I. 

H. pt. IL 
580, i. 

H. pt il. 

H. ptli, 

CoUegt. 
1042, ii, 

1043, L 



xl- Uniwrtity 
Hereford lUlss&l 
York Missal 



H. Britiik Jtfwetwn 

1. Additional. 
9902. 
10946. 
11414. 
11669. 
12104. 
16905. 
I728U. 



1186, It. 
1220, 11. 

1313, L 
1042, ii. 

1043,1. 
1042, Ii. 

H. pt. ii. 



18192. 
18301. 
18302, 
18304. 
18318. 

isrfts. 

21170. 
21027, 
22604. 
23039. 
24193. 
24630. 
26783. 
W014. 
30058. 
30846. 
31848. 
30843. 
30850. 
30891. 
30035. 
31032. 
31369. 



xiiL 



xlL 



Xiv. 



II. Aruntlet. 
60. 
155. 
190. 
201. xiiL 

214. 
340. 

III, Cotton. 

CallgUiiA.Xiv. 

Claudius A. ill. 

Cleopatra A. U. 

xl. 

., C. vl. 

i.t. 

Julius A. vL 

XeroA. ii. xi. 

„ E.L xL 

Titus 1>, xxvll. 

Vespasian A. i. 

D. xll. 
Vltelliua E. xvlli. 

It. 

924. 

803. 

2882. 

2891. 

2928. 

2942. 



1032, il. 
991, i. 
1215, ii. 
061, li. 
KG, It, 
1042, ii. 
H. pi. il. 
1201, t. 

H. pt. IL 

1042, II. 

1219, IL 

1213, i. 

1051. 

594. IL 

1042, IL 

890, L 

(76, L 

720, 11. 

1206, IL 

847,1. 

1201 , II. 

057, ii. 
H. pt. ii. 

1122, ii. 

1220, I. 
1043, 1. 
B. pt. il. 
1082, 11. 
9(1,11. 

1042, IL 
1130, li. 

II. pt. ii. 

II. pt tl, 

546, ii. 
H. pt. ii. 
H. pt. ii. 
1206, ii. 
201, i. 
(40, 11. 
1220,11. 



Barley. 



H. pt 11. 

1122, 11. 
1201, 1. 
705, i. 
547, i. 
1049, i. 



2931. 


886, 1. 


2961. 


946, IL 


3072. X. 


H. pt. 11. 


4664. 


691,11. 


4051. 


425, it. 


t, lamdoant 




3S7. XV. 


1091. 


432. 


808, L 


vl, SvyaJ. 




2 A.x. 


99, 11. 


2 A. xlv. 


91, IL 


2 A. XX. 


4,1. 


2 B. [v. 


1042, il. 


2B.V. 


1220, ii. 


7 A. vl. 


1201,11. 


7 E. Ix. 


967, 11. 


SB. 1. 


1201, IL 


8 C. XiiL 


1042, IL 


III. Cambridge. 


f . t'orput C&rtili Mlttfc 


146. 


1209, 1. 


190. xl. 


H. pt. ii. 


37i. xii. 


H. pt it. 


390. XiiL 


H. pt. H. 


391, 


(47,1. 


473. 


1042. U. 



II. St. Jo*»'» OtUtyt. 

C. IS. 1122, L 

III. Uwbxrtity Library. 
Gg. L 32. xv. H. pt II. 
Gg, t. 35. XlL H. pt. IL 

111. 1. 10. 1122,1.41213, 1. 

Nn. Iv. It. 651, 1, 



IV. Dublin. 
Trinity College E. 4, 2. 

1120 
Francixan Cmvcnt , 1120. 


V. Durham. 

A. Iv. 19. 1219, 11 

B. HI. 32. 540, 11. 


VL Lambeth. 

427. 1129, 1 
558. 21 



The MSS. in the above list include only the Latin MSS. found in British 
Libraries, and cited at pp. 1-1306 of this Dictionary. Many other MSS. 
have been examined at the British Museum, the. Bodleian, Cambridge, 
Durham, Lambeth, Lincoln, York, &c. t which are not included in this list 
because they are mostly later than 1200, and did not give results of sufficient 
importance to be referred to in the notes on the individual hymns. The 
references to H. pt. it. mean that the MSS. so marked are only mentioned 
in Pt. U. of the article Hymnarium, and in these cases the approximate dates 
of the MSS. are also given. In other- cases the references in this work 
indicate the pages where concise descriptions of the various MSS. will be 
found. 

In regard to the Latin MSS. it most be noted that the earliest and best 
only are cited in the body of the Dictionary, so that if e.g. a hymn is found 



( xvi ) » 

in a MS. of the 11th cent., later MSS., unless of special importance, are not 
mentioned, Beferencea to a large number of MSS. in Continental Libraries 
will also be found in the notes on the individual Latin hymns, and at p. 813. 
These MSS. are mostly in the Bibliothegue Nationah and the Arsenal at Paris 
the SUftsbibliothek at St, Gall, the Vatican Library at Rome, the Ambrosiart 
at Milan, the Royal Libraries at Berlin and Munich, and the Libraries at 
Wolfenbiittel, Darmstadt, Einsiedeln, Zurich, &c. Besides these, various 
MSS. found in other libraries are cited through the works of Daniel, If one 
and Dreves. 

II. English MSS. 

The English MSS. which have been largely used in this work, and 
especially by -the Editor in the unsigned articles and those with his signa- 
ture appended thereto, include the following groups : — 

1. C. MSS. R. Campbell's MSS. Property of Mrs. E. Campbell, 

2. D. MSS. P. Doddridge's MSS. Property of the Booker family. 
8. E. MSS. The Editor's MSS. Property of the Church House. 

4. G. MSS. T. H. QilVs MSS. Property of the Church House. 

5. H. MSS. W. J. Mall's MSS. Property of the Hall family. 

6. Hav. MSS. The Bavergal'MSS. Property of the Havergal family. 

7. Mid. MSS. A. Midlane's MSS. Property of the Church House. 

8. M. MSS. J. Montgomery's MSS. Property of J. H. Brammall, Esq. 
&. R. MSS. T. Raffles'* MSS. Property of the Raffles family, 

10. S. MSS. D. Sedgwick's MSS. Property of the Church House, Westminster. 

11. Sc. MSS. Elizabeth Scott's MSS. Property of Yale University, U.S.A. 



ABBREVIATIONS. 



In this Mctionaiy nearly eight hundred abbreviations bare been need, ur tnese a large 
proportion are self-evident, and others, being in common nee, are not repeated here. In this 



Of these a ]arg 

proportion are seii-enaent, and others, being in common nee, are not repeated here. Ii 
Table, therefore, those only are given which are for the most part peculiar to this work. 



In several instances -paifet are given instead of explanations. This has been done because 
the details given on the pages indicated are not only too fall for repetition, but are also of 
great value to the Header. See also Supplemental List on p. iviii. 



A. B, C. See p, MB, ii. 
A. B. M. See p. 788, H, 
A. H. (Wetzel'*). See p. 1118, li, 

A. M.E. See p. 788, ii. 
A. F. M. See p. 788, ii. 
A. Y, Authorized Version. 

A. d" M. Ancient and Modern. 
Ad/l. Additional. 

Aesl. Aestiva. 

Al/ord. Seep. 38, ii. 

Alb). Devtache Biotj. See p. rriiL 1. 

Atfj. G. B. See pp. 183, i, ; 111, ii 

Amer. Ger. American German. 

Anth. Groee. Corm. Chritt. See p, 146, a. 

Appx. Appendii. 

Aufj. Augustine. 

Aid. Autumnal is. 

B. iff. British Musenm. 
B. iff. 8. See p. 788, ii. 

B. MSS. Brooke MSS., p. 184, L 

B. 7. M. ' Blessed Virgin Mary. 
Bap. H. Bk. Baptist Hymn Book. 
Bap. Byl. Baptist Hymnai. 
Barry. See p. 840, ii. ' 

Battler. See p. MB, i. *. 

Bamftktr. See p, irili. 1. 

Bibl. Nat. Bibjiotheque Nationale. 

Bode. See p. 1888, 11. 

Brev. Breviary. 

Brit. Mag. British Magazine. 

BrUder G. B. See p. 788, ii. 

BuTTage. See p. 1818, L 

C. B. Chorale Book. 
C. M. 8. See p. 788, U. 

C. MSS. Campbell MSS. See pp. xvi. ; KM, 

C. P. & H. Bit. See Mereer. 

C. Q, B. Church Quarterly Review. 

C. U. Common Use. 
Calig. Caligula. 
Caviander. See p. 888, i. 
Cathem Hymn. See p. 814, ii. (»), 
Ch. & Home, Church and Home. 
Ch. Nyt. Church Hymns. 
Cftope. See p. 113, 11. 

Claud. Claudius. 

CitcAtowieus. See p. M8, 11. 

Coll. Cot lection. 

Oonij. H. Ek. Congregational Hymn Book. 

D. C. District of Columbia. 



D. MSS. Doddridge MSS. Sea pp. xvL ; *U, 
IL ; 1180, i. 

Don. Thee. Hymn. See Daniel, 
Daniel. See p. 178, L 
Drenet. See p. xviii. S. 
Dujfield. See p. ISM, i, 

E. MSS. The Editor's MSS. See p. m. 

E. U. Evangelical Union. 
Ev. L. 8. See p. 887, fl. 

Evcmg. Hyl. Evangelical Hymnal. 
Evaiig. May. Evangelical Magazine, 
Evang. U. Evangelical Union. 

F. C. Free Church. 

F. C. 8. See p. 788, ii. 
Fabricitts. See p. ESS, li 
JTose. Fasciculus. 
Fischer. See p. 877, i. 

G. B. Gesang-Buch. 

G. E. L. German Evangelical Lutheran. 
G. L. S. See p. eSS, ii. 
G. MSS. Gill MSS. See pp. xvi.; 411, i. 
Qaedeke't Grundria*. See p. 1588, 1 
Go»pel May. Gospel Magazine. 

JET, A. and M. Hymns Ancient and Modern, 

H. B. 8. Henry Bradshaw Society. 

H. Bi. Hymn Book, 

H. E. C. Hymns of the Eastern Church. 

H. E. Bk. Home Hymn Book. 

H, L. L. See p. 181, ii. 

H. MSS. Hall MSS. See pp. mi. ; 481, li. 

H. Noted. Hymnal Noted. 
! Hart. Harley. 
! Norland. See p. 481, L 
| Hatfield. See p. KM, L 

' Hav. MSS. Havergnl MSS. See pp. xvL ; 488, 
ii. ; 488, i. 

fleS. Hebrew. 

fliserwnvjen. See p. xH, 4, 

Hoffmann. See p. 418, iL 

Horae Ger. See p. 788, i. 

Hy. Angl. Hymnarium Anglicanum. 

By. Comp. Hymnal Companion. 

Hymn. Saritb. Hymnarium Sarisburiense. 

Jirf. Julius. 



K. S. M. 
Kekrein. 



See p. 781, H. 
See p. 1041, I 



( xviii ) 



Kennedy. See p. 60S, L 
Koch. See p. 630, ii, 
Kb~nig»feld. See p. 888, L 
ifrattt. See p. xviiL & 

X. Jtf. S. See p. 73*, ii. 

L. S. N. See p. U1,l. 

iat. -Hjf«. Latin Hymns. 

Lejraer. See p. SIS, L 7. 

i/fr. o/ B. P. Sec p. 10M, . 

I/ufli. Ch. Bk. Lutheran Church Book. 

Luih. Byl. Lutheran Hymnal. 

Lyra Brti. Lyra Britannica, See p. 889, iL 

Ljro (?«r. Lyra Germanica, 

i[fm Sao. Anter. Lyra Sacra Americana. 

M. Jtt See p. 786, ii. 

jV. iUSS. Montgomery MSS. See pp. sri, ; 
Tea, a 

3fodon. Sec p. 70S, ii. 

Maij. Magazine. 

Mom, Massachusetts. 

Metl. Hye. Mediaeval Hymns. 

Mercer. See p. 1Z&, i. 

Meth. Epi&O. Methodist Episcopal. 

Meth. F. C. Methodist Free Church. 

Meth. H. Bb. Methodist Hymn Book. 

Mid. MSS. MidlaneMSS. Seepp.irL; TSJ,il 

Miqne. See p. 688, L it. 

Miller. See p. 7», iL 

Jlft'so. Miscellaneous. 

Mimet-Weah. See p. 1700, ii. 

Mitre. Mitre E. Bk. See p. Ml, iL 

Mone. See p. 788, L 

Morel. See p. 818, iL 

Miilzdl. See pp. zviiL 8 ; (IB, ii, 

&. B, Not dated, 
N. Cong. S. Bk. 

Book. 
N. E. New England. 
N. H. New Hampshire. 
N. P. No Publisher's Name. 
If. S. New Style of dating, 
ff. T. New Testament. 
tf. V. New Version, 
N. ¥. New York. 
\ut(er. See p. 1818, 1 

0. S. Bk. See p. MS, i. 
0. 0. If. Bk. See p. 1081, ii. 
0. 8. Old Style of dating. 
0. V. Old Version. 

P. A. Pastoral Association. 
P. Bk. Prayer Book, 
Pa. Pennsylvania. 
Patrol. See p. 8*8, L 18, 
People's H. People's Hymnal. 
PMa. Philadelphia, 



New Congregational Hymn 



PP. Graee. Patrologyt Series Graeca. 
PP. Lot. Patrology : Series Latina. 
Prase. Presbyterian. 
P&, & Hy». Psalms and Hymns. 

R, C Eoman Catholic 

B. I. Rhode Island. 

J?. MSS. Raffles MSS. See pp. xvL ; 849, iL 

B. T. 8. Religious Tract Society. 

R. V. Revised Version. 

Rambach, See p. WO, i. 

Raid. Rawlinson. 

Bepertorlum. See p. IMS, L 

Rippon. See p. 984, i, 

Rom. Brev. Eoman Breviary, 

8. C. South Carolina. 

8. J. Society of Jesus. 

5. MSS. Sedgwick MSS. See pp. xri. ; 1088, ii. 

8. o/G.&G. See p. HO, ii. SO. 

S. V. C. K. Society for Promoting Christian 

Knowledge. 
8. P. G. See p. 718, a. 
8. S. H. Bk. Sunday School Hymn Book. 
8. S. U. H. Bk. Sunday School Union Hymn 

Book. 
Sarum Hyl. See p. MO, iL ». 
8c. MSS. Scott (E.) MSS. See pp. zri; 1018, a 
Sel. Selection ; Selected. 
Simroek. See p. 669, L I, 
S&mner. See p. 1081, iL 
Snepp. See p. 848, iL SO. 
Stmgt o/G.iG. See p. MO, a. SS, 
Sttpp. Supplement. 
SuppL Supplemental. 

T. & B. Tate and Brady. 

Tkavtaein*. See p. xviiL 7. 

ThHwj. See p. 1178, L 

Toploty. See p, 1188, iL 

Tr. Translation; Translated, 

Trench. See pp. W5, iL ; 1188, L 

Tts. Translations. 

Tti. and Par. Translations and Paraphrases, 

U. M. United Methodist. 

U. P. United Presbyterian. 

V. S„ V. 8. A. United States of America. 

Uni. L. 8. See p. xviii. 8. 

Ver. Verna. 

Venttak. See p. 181, iL 

Ve»p, Vespasian. 

W. M. 8. See p. 7*8, U, 
Wackernurid: See p. 1830, fl. 
Wet. H. Bk. Wesleyan Hymn Book. 
Wetzel. See p. 1888, IL 
WTtiiefidd. See p. SM, i. 
Wrangham. See p, 1898, iL 



FULLER TITLES OP CERTAIN WORKS REFERRED TO ABOVE. 



4* (Leijnig, 18T8. Sic.) of the Munich Academy of Soieucee. 
r ircKadieA in stinflt Singweinn. By W. Baumker, voL 1,, Freiburg in Baden, 



1, A&gtmeine Deutsche 1 

3. fiat jrathUisckt dettttcte . 
1888; it., 1S83. 

s. Analecta Bt/Bmiea Jfedii Ami. Edited by O. M. Dreves, S.J. 

A. UtteralurgtickvAte dtr evangeKBAat SSucbaUit&r. By F. P. T. Hesrwagen, vol. L, Schweinfnrth, 
1792] it., 1T97. 

S. (Je«((fc*< Liedtr in neumtlmttn JahrhtmOtrt. By Otto Kram. Gatersloh, 18)8. 

8. QtMlickt laeOtr ier tvangeUtekea Ktrcht uw den tiriueAnten und dtr errten 5S{tte dM ocattxtntm 
Jo*rAj™der«t, By Dr. J. Htltnll. Brunswick, 1868. 

I. y. J/. rAdnotti S, X. A Cardinalit Optra Omnia, vol. it.. Borne, 1T*V, oontaina • Symnaritun. 

s. Uneerfalichttr JjM»rttgtn. Berlin, 1851. Edited hy Q. C. H. Stip. 



A DICTIONARY OF 
HYMNOLOGY 



DICTIONARY OF HYMNOLOGY. 



A. In Bristol Bapt. Coll. by Ash & Eymib. 
1st ctl. 176!) ; i.e. Joseph Addison. 

A. in Collycr'e OoU. 1812, this 1b the 
initial of Ann Gilbert, nee Taylor. 

A. C. C, in the Hymnary. "A Cheater 
Canon ;" i.e. Canon William Cooke. 

A. K. B. G. in the Aiinw Hymnal, I860 ; 
to. A. K. B. Granville. 

A. L. P. a nora de plume of Dr. Little- 
dale's in tho PeopWt H. ; i.e, " A London 
Priest." 

A. I* W. in various Collections ; i.e. Anna 
L. Waring. 

A EL Q., i.e. jinna iifaria GfennjV. [Smith, 
nee ainuue] in Thrupp's P». * ify»., 1853. 

A. R. Initials adopted by George Buidei 
in tho Gotpel Magazine. 

A- E. O. In Tft# Sermee o/ Praise, by J, 
H. Wilson ; Le. Annt Bote Coutin, nie Cundell. 

A. B. T. in the Amerioan Dutch Beforined 
Hot. of the Church, 1869; i.e. the Bev. 
Alexander Banuay Thompson, s j>. 

A XL W, in the Amer. Bapt. Praite Book, 
1871 ; i.e. A. B. Wolfe. 

A T„ l.e. Adelaide Thrupp, in Thrnpp's 
Pt. & Hymnt, 1833. 

A. T. B. in F». & Swung, by the Bev. A, T. 
Russell, 1851, are the initials of the Editor, 

A y. in the Gospel Magazine, is the 

nom de plume of Job Ifapton. It stands for 
Ashby, the parish in which he lived. 

A beautiful land by faith I see. 
[Heaven.'] Given Anon, in the Amer. Shining 
Star, N. IT. 1862, No. 74 in 4 st. of 4 L and 
chortiB, and entitled, " The beautiful land." 
It is in extensive nee in America, and is 
found also in a few English 8. S. collections. 
In S. Booth's 8. S. H. Bk„ Brooklyn, U.S., 
1863, it is credited to "J. Hall." 

A car of fire is on the air. W. W. 
HiiU. [Death and Burial.'] Contributed to 
Wb Coll. of Hyt. for Gen. Vte, commonly 



known as A Churchman't Hymnt, 1833. No. 2, 
iu 3 st. of 6 L In 1863 it was reprinted with- 
out alteration, in Kennedy, No. 1 176. 

A charge to keep I have. C. Wetley. 
{Pergonal Reqtoiwibility.] 1st pub. in his 
Short Hymnt on Select Pattaget of Holy Scrip- 
ture, 1762, vol, i., No. 188, in 2 st. of 8 1. and 
based on Lev. viii. 35. It was omitted from 
the 2nd ed. of the Short Hymn*, 4c, 1794, but 
included in the Wet. H. Bit. 1780, aud in the 
P. Worla of J. * C. Weiley, 1868-72, vol, ix„ 
pp. 60, CI. Its use has been most extensive 
both in G. Brit, and America, and usually it 
is given in an unaltered form, as in the Wei. 
H. Bk. No, 318; and the Jfrww. Hymnal, 
N. York, No. 320. The line, " tfrom youth 
to hoary age," in the Amer. Prof. Episcop. Hyi, 
No. 471, is from the Amer. 1>. Bh. OoU., 1826. 

A children's temple here we build. 

J. Montgomery. [The Erection of « Sunday 
School] This hymn was written for tho 
opening of the first Sunday Seliool building 
in Winoobank, Sheffield. Tho us. — which 
is in the Winoobank Hall Collection of 
ubs.— is dated "December IS, 1840," and 
signed " J. M." The building was opened on 
the 13th of April, 1841, tho hymn being 
printed on a fly-leaf for the occasion. In 
1853, Montgomery included it in his Original 
Hymnt, No. 313, in 6 st, of 4 1. and entitled 
it "The erection of a Sunday School," In 
the Meth 8. 8. H. Bit. 1870, No. 512, si iv. 
is omitted, and slight changes are also intro- 
duced. Orig. text in Orig. Hyt., 1858, p. 333. 
The hymn by Mrs, Gilbert, nee Ann Taylor, 
" We thank tho Lord of heaven and earth," 
was ulso written for, arid sung on, the same 
occasion. This hymn has not come into C. U, 

A day, a day of glory. J. M. Neale. 
[CArwtmas.l A carol written expressly for 
E. Bedding s Antient Chrittmat Carole, 1860. 
It is No. 6 of the "Christmas Carols," in 4 st. 
of 8 1. In 1867 it was reprinted iu the People'* 
H,. No. 29. 

A debtor to mercy alone. A. IU. Top- 
lady. [Attarance of Faith.] Contributed to 
the Gotpel Magazine, May, 1771, in 3 st. or 
8 1., and included in Toplftdy's P». * Hyt, 
1776, No. 313, with the alteration, st. i., 1. i, 
of "ottering" to "offerings." In I860 the 
I 1771 text was included iu Sedgwick's reprint 



2 A FEW MORE YEARS 

of Toplady's Hymns, &c, p. 140. In the older 
collections it whs in most extensive use, 
both in the Ch. of England and with mauy of 
the Nonconformist bodies, but it is now very 
KcniTally omit led from modem collections in 
(t. Brit., although in America it still holds a 
prominent position. 

A few more years shall roll. H.Bmar. 
[0. and N. Year,"] Written about the year 
1812, and first printed on a fly-loaf for use by 
the niL'inbra of his congregation on a Now 
Year's Day. In 1844 it was pub. in No. 2 
of bia Sang* for the WHdemc**, again in the 
lat series of Jig*, of Faith and hope, 1857, 
p. 101 ; and Inter cds. It is in 6 st. of 8 1., 
B.H., and entitled, "A Pilgrim's Song." Its 
use in all English-speaking countrios, either 
in its full, or in nu abbreviated form, is very 
extensive. In some cosesits exquisite refrain, 
with its delienlo changes : — 

"T]jcii, tiny Lord, prqwe 
My soul for that great day ; 
O wnsli mo in Thy prcck™ blood, 
And likt my slna an'&y," 

is omitted, nud it is thereby robliod of one of 
its most beautiful and striking features. 

A form of words though e'er so 
sound. J. Hart, [Kingdom of God in 
I'oicer.] 1st pub. in bis lhjmns composed on 
Variou* SuJgects, 1750, No, 90, in 8 st of 4 1. 
and based on i. Cor. iv. 20. " For tbo king- 
dom of God is not in word, but in power." 
In 1780, with slight alterations and the omis- 
sion of st. vi. and vii.and the transposition of 
iv. and v. it was given in the Lady II. Coll. 
No. 05, and from thenoo has passed into a 
Hunted number of ultro-Calvimetio hymnals, 

A fountain of Life and of Grace. 

C. Wesley, [Living Water.'] let pub. in his 
Slvrrt Hymn*, 17ti2, vol. ii., No. 806, in 2 st. of 
8 1., and based on Bov. xjcii. 17, In ,1780 it 
was inoludod in the Wee. II. Bk,, No. 77, and 
lias been repeated in later eds. P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. xiii. p. 240. It has also passed 
into most of the collections of the Methodist 
bodies, and is also found in other hymnals in 
G. Itrit. and America. 

A Friend there is ; your voices join. 

J. Sinain, [Jesus the Friend,'] Appeared 
OS ouo of two hymns in Ins Experimental 
Essays on Divine Subjects, Lond. 1791, pp. 
85-87, with the note "The two following 
pieces were occasioned by the death of an 
only son.'' The second piece is: — "When 
Jesus, both of God and Man," In 1792 he 
included the former in his Walworth Hys., 
in 10 st. of 4 1., and from thence it has 
passed into several collections, mainly those 
of the Baptists, but inoluding also other Non- 
conforming bodies and a limited number in 
the Cii. of England. In America it is almost 
unknown. Orig. text, Lyra Brit., 1867, pp, 
S37-S. 

A fulness resides in Jesus our Head. 

J, Faweett [Fulness of Chritt], 1st pub, in his 
Hymns adapted to the Ciwumstances of Pub. 
Worship and Friv. Devotion, 1782, No. 96; in 
£ st. of 8 1. This was reprinted hi Eippou's 



A LITTLE LAMB 

Set., 1787, No. 150, and from thence passed 
into various eolloctions in G. Brit, and Ame- 
rica. Orig. text in Bap. Ps. & Uys., 1858-80. 

A glance from heaven, with sweet 
effect. J. Newton. [Lightning.] This hymn, 
dealing with the moral and spiritual thoughts 
suggested by " Lightning in tho night," ap- 
peared in the Gospel Magazine, April, 1775, 
in tbo Oliiey Hymns, 1779, Bit. ii., No. 84, in 
7 st. of 4 1,, and later ods. It is No. 301 of 
Martinoau's lit/*., &c, 1840-1851, and 429 in 
J. H. Thorn's Hymns, 1858. 

A glory in the word we find. [Holy 
Scriptures.] A cento given in J. Campbell'* 
Comprehensive H. Bk., Lond,, 1837, No. 837, 
in 4 st. of 4 1., from whence it has passed, 
unaltered, into a few Amcrioan hymnals. A 
part of this cento is from W. Hum's Coll., 
3rd ed., 1833, No. 435. It is not in C. U. in 
G. Brit. [W. T. B.] 

A good High Priest is come. J. Cennich. 
f Priesthood of Christ.] 1st pub. in Pt. iii. of 
his Sacred Ilymns for the Use of Religions So- 
cieties, Lon., 1744, No. exxi. in st. of 6 1,, 
pp. 196-198. In 1753 G. Whitoftold included 
b£ i. ir. v. vi. and is. in his (Ml. of Hye., No. 
xliv,, and it was retained in subsequent cds. 
This srrarigoment, with slight alterations, was 
ropub. in Rippon's Sel. 1787, No. 190, and 
later cds., and from thence lias passed into 
other collections in G. Brit, and America. In 
some works it is still further abbroWntcd. 
Orig. text in Lyra Brit,, 1867, p. 134. 

A helm upon my brow I wear. S. J. 

Stone. [Christian jirmoMr.] Contributed to 
his poems, The Knightof Intercession,&o.,lS12, 
in 4 st. of 4 1., from whence it passed into P. J. 
Richardson's Lent Manual for Busy Feople, 
&a., 1884, p. 64. Also repeated in the author's 
Carmina Consecrata, 1884. 

A little child the Saviour came. IF, 

Robertson, [Holy Baptism.] Contributed fo 
the Scot. ICstab. Ch. Hymns for Pub. Worship, 
1861, and repub. in their Scottish Hymnal, 
1870,,No. 181, in 5 st. of 4 1. In the American 
collections it has attained to a more extensive 
use than in these in G. Brit., but in every 
case, as in Hatfield's Ch. H. Bk., 1872, the 
Hys.& Songs of Praise, 1874, the Fres.Hymiwd, 
Phil., 1874, and ethers, it is attributed in ei-ror 
to the elder W. Robertson, who was associated 
with the Scottish Trs, and Far. of 1745. 

A Uttle flock ! So calls He thee. H. 

Bonar. [Church of Christ] A poem, in 13 
st. of 4 1. on the Church as " The Little Flock." 
It appeared in the 1st series of his Hymns of 
Faith and Hope, 1857; and later ods. ta 
Kennedy, 1863, No. 1404, it is re-arranged in 
three parte: (1) "Church of the everlasting 
Goi";(2)«Alittlofloek! So calls He thee": 
(3) " A little flock ! 'Tis well, 'tis well." In 
tho American Manual of Praise, 1880, there 
is a cento beginning with tho 1st stanza, and 
in the College and other hymn-books a second, 
as " Church of the Everiiving God," 

A little lamb 'went straying. A. Mid- 
lane. [Children's Hymn.] Written in Jan., 



A LITTLE SHIP 

1859, and first printed in the March No. of 
the Good New* Magatine, 1860, 5 st. of 8 1. 
In 1861 it passed into the H. Bk. for Youth, 
No. 13, and subsequently into other collections, 
but mainly those tor children. 

A little Bhip was on. the sea. Dorothy 
A. Thrupp. [Peace."] Contributed to Mrs. 
H. Mayors Sel. of Hymn*, &c, 2nd ed., 1610, 
in st of 4 ]., entitled " The Little Ship 
on the Wiivos," and signed "». a, t." As a 
hymn for children it is most popular, and ia 
found in numerous collections both in G. Brit, 
and America, 

A little while and every fear, B, K. 
Greville. [Private Use.] 1st printed in 2%e 
Amethyst, Edin. Oliphant, 1884, and again in 
The Church of Eng. H. Bk., &e., 1838, No. 592, 
in 3 Bt. of-8 1., and entitled "The Believer 
waiting for the Lord." In 1863 it was in- 
cluded with alterations in Kennedy, No. 783 ; 
but its use is not extensive, outside the col' 
lections of the Plymouth Brethren, 

A little while-7-onr Lord shall come, 
J. G. Beak. [Advent.] Appeared in the Ap~ 
pendtetoHys.fortke Poor of the Flock, 1841, 
In 4 st of 6 I., and later collections of the 
Plym. Brethren. It passed into Dr. Walker's 
Cheltenham Colt., 1855 ; Snepp's Songs of Q. 
A G., 1872, and others. Orig. text in Snepp, 
withst. i. 1. 4, ''hath gone" for "fc<wgone/ r 

A look to Jesus saves the soul A. 

Midlanc [Jesus only.] Written in March, 
1862, and 1st pub. in his Gospel Echoes, 1865. 
No. 101, in 5 st. of 4 L from whence it passed 
into Lord A. Oecil's Canadian Hymn Book for 
Go»pet Meetings, Ottawa, 187 1, No. 17, Broom's 
Good NeiPi H. Bk., 1883, and others of a 
similar kind. 

A mighty mystery we set forth, ff. 
Bawson. [Holy Baptism,] Written in 1S57, 
and 1st pub. in the Bapt. Ft, <fc Hys., 1858-80, 
No. 695, in 4 st of 4 1. It is based on Bom, 
vi 8, "Baptized into His death," Ate Its use 
is limited. 

A mourning class, a vacant seat 
[Death of a Scholar.] Appeared anonymously 
in the Amer. Union Hymns, PhiL S. S. U., 
1835, No. 285, in 9 st. of 4 1., and headed 
" Death of a Scholar." It has been repeated 
in later editions of the Union Hys., and is in 
extensive use in America. In G. Brit. It has 
been adopted by a few 8. S. hymn-hooks onlv. 
Orig. text, Meth. F. 0. 8. 8. H. Bk. t 1869, 
No. 358, with (fie for Ms in st. ii. 1. 2. 

[W. T. B.] 

A nation God delights to bless. C. 
Wesley, [National PeaeeJ The second of two 
hymns on Job xxxiv. 29, 1st pub. in his Short 
Hymns, &c., 1762, vol. i., No. 771, in 2 st. 
of 6 1., in 2nd ed„ 1794, and in P. Worts, 
1868-72, vol. ix. p. 268. It was included in 
the Wes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 454, and retained 
in new ed. 1875, No. 466. 

A Fatre Unigenitus. Anon. [Epi- 
phany,] Daniel, in vol. i. 1841, and later ed. 



A PILGB1M THROUGH 



3 



No. 210, gives only the first four linos of 
this hytnn as belonging to a hymn for the 
Feiist of the Epiphany, of uncertain author- 
ship, date between the 10th and 18th cen- 
turies. In the ancient Mas. in the British 
Museum, however, this hymn is found in 
throe of the 11th cent (Earl. 2961, f. 230; 
JuL A. vi. f. 366 ; Veep. D. xii. f. 431). 
In the Latin Hys. of the Anglo-Saxon Church 
(Surtees Society), 1851, p. 53, it is re- 
printed In full from a Durham us. of the 
11th cent. 

In 1853, Mone gave the full text in voL i., 
No. 59, in 6 st. of 4 1., heading it, " In 
Epiphania ad nocturnum," and added an 
extended note on the text, with references 
to a 15th cent. MS. at Stuttgart; and to Tho- 
vxasius, &c. This text, with the notes and 
an addition or two including a reference to a 
MS. of the monastery of Bheinau, of the 11th 
cost was repeated by Daniel, vol. iv. (1855), 

L151. It is also in the Hymn. Sarisb. 
ad., 1851, p. 26, as a hymn at Lauds in 
the Epiphany, and through the octave; 
where are also given the variations of York 
(used at Matins during the sumo period) ; 
of Evesham; Worcester, &o. It is also in 
Wackernagel, i., No. 173; in Card. Newman's 
Hymni Eccl., 1838-65, and others. It may 
be noticed that the original is an acrostic 
from A tp T inclusively. The Gloria, of 
course, does not follow this arrangement 

[W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. TJ, r— 

1. From God, to visit Xarth forlorn. By J. D. 
Chambers in hie Latvia Syon, Pt. 1, 1857, p. 109, 
in 6 st. of 4 ], This is given in an altered form 
eu : " From God the Father come) to earth," in 
the Appendix to the Hymnal N., No, 131, 

S. God's Bole-Begotten oamo. By R, F. little- 
date, made for, and 1st pub. ia the Peopkfs 11., 
1867, No. 44, and signed " A. L. P." 

3. Sent down by Gad to tiiis world's ftanu. By 
J. M. Neale! probably originally made for the 
Hymnal N., 1B52, as the first line in Latin 
appears in the original prospectus. Another 
Epiphany hymn was, however, given, and this 
tr. seems not to have been printed tilt the St. 
Margarets Hymnal, 1875, whence it passed 
through the Antiphaner and Grail, 1880, into 
the Hymner, 1882, No. 20. [J. J.] 

A pilgrim through this lonely world. 
Sir E. Denny. [Pa&iontide.] 1st pub. in 
his Sel. of Hymn*, Ac, 1839, No. 11, in 8 st 
of 4 1., and in his Hymns and Poems, 1848. 
It was also repub, in various collections of the 
Plymouth Brethren — including Hys. for (be 
Poor of the Flocli, 1841, and Ps. and Hys., 
Lend. Walther, 1842, Pi ii., No. 82. It is 
adopted also by Dr. Walker, in hie Cheltenham 
Coll., 1855; toe Hy. Comp>, No. 162, and 
8nopp*a 8. of G. & d„ No. 220, and a few 
others amongst the Cb. of England hymnals. 
Its principal use, however, is in America, 
where it is found in numerous collections, 
mostly in an abbreviated form, and in many 
instances attributed hi error to Dr. B'inar. 
Orig. text in Lyra Brit,, 1867, p. 183. It is 



4 A 8INFUI, MAN 

well adapted for Holy Week, and for special 
services dwelling on the Sacrifice of Christ. 

A atnful man am L H. Bonar. [ £»«>'- 
latum.'} With the title, "Come unto Me," 
ttiia hymn appeared iu his Hymns of Faith and 
Hope, 3rd Series, 1867, in 7 st. of 4 ],, b.m. 
In Kemble's Nete Church H. Bk., 1873, it is 
given without alteration, but its use, botli in 
6. Brit and America, ia very limited. 

A soils ortua oardine. Ad usque. 

Coeliu* Sedative. [Christmas.] This hymn, 
which opens with the same first stanza as the 
next annotated herein, with the exception of 
El for " Ad " in line 2, may be distinguished 
therefrom by the second stanza, which reads ; — 

■* Bestus auctor aoecul! 
Servile corpus Indult, 
Ut anx ciiraem llberans 
Ne peiueret quos condldit. 11 

It is a poem, dating from the first half of the 
5th cent., in 23 at. of 4 L, entitled Paeatt 
Alpkalieticus de Ghritto (''A triumphal song- 
concerning Christ, arranged according to the 
letters of the alphabet.") The subject is a 
devout description of tho Life of Christ in 
verse. The full text is found in an 8th cent 
ms. in tho British Jtfugeum (mss. Beg. 2 A. sj, 
f. 50), and is also given in the numerous 
editions of Sodulins's Works (that of Faustus 
Arevalus, Borne, 1734, especially); in the 
works of Tliormsim from Vatican siss. of the 
8th and 9th cents. ; in Waekernagel, i., No. 48, 
and others. For ecclesiastical purposes it has 
been broken up into two hymns, the first 
known as A soli* oH&s eardine, and the 
second, HtotU Herodee impie, with tho Bom. 
Brev. form of the same, CradelU Heroiles, 
Deata. Following the order of this arrange- 
ment, the details are :— 

i. A eolis ortAs eardine. The text of this 
portion of the poem comprises 28 lines of the 
original (stanzas a to a, inclusive), and may be 
found in Daniel, i. No. 119, the old text and 
revised Bom. Brett, version being given in 
parallel columns, followed by various read- 
ings, Ac. It is given in the Bom. Brev., (text 
in Card. Newman's Hymni Eedeiiae, 1838) 
as the hymn at Lauds on Christmas Day ; on 
the 30th of December, the only day in the 
Octave not occupied by a Festival; on the 
Octave itself; tho Feast of the Circumcision ; 
and on the Vigil of the Epiphany. The 
doxologies in the Soman aud Saram Uses are 
no part of the original hymn. 

Thii hymn is met with In most aid Breviaries. Also 
In two >it*. of the 11th cent. In the BrititK JfuMiim 
(Hsrl. MSI, f. I2« ; end Jul. A. vl. f. Jflfc), Ac, In the 
Latin Hut. of the. AnglfSsDM Cktmh, 1861, p. GO, It 
la printed from a Durham us. of the 11th cent. In the 
Bvmn. Saritb., Land., issi, pp. is, is. It Is given for 
Lauds on Christmas Diy, with variations from the 
uses of rtrlt, St. Alban't, £«i)om, Woreater, Angle- 
Sasm mss. (Surteea Society, 1861), various Collec- 
tions, fcc. J*orfc assigns it ta Ijiuds and Vespers on 
<'lii»tmas Day, and Lauds on the Vigil of the 
Kniphany. So Worcetter and Evesham, with an exten- 
sion to the yeast of the Purification. Its use is thus 
wen to have hem very extensive In England. 
Daniel, lv. 144-6, gives further references of Impor- 
tance. The hymn, with the strophe h In addition. Is 
riven for Vespcia on Die Feast or the Annunciation, 
Dec IS (see (Ojeltttis ales nuntfot), in the Xbtarabie 
Brev. CMifue's Petrel^ torn. 8$, col. mil. 

tW. A. S.] 



A SOLI8 OBTITS 

Of this part of the poem (omitting the 
Mozarabic form) the following trs. have been 
made:— 

Translations in C, U. ; — 

I, From the fai-blaadug gal* of morn. By E. 
Caswall from the Bom. Brev., 1st pub. in his 
Lyra CathoUca, 1849, in 8 at. of 4 1., 49-51, and 
again in his Hys. fy Poems, 187a, p. 27. This was 
given in the Hymnary, 1872, No. 12(5, as :— 
" From lands that aee the sun arise/ 1 the first 
line being borrowed from Dr. NeaJe's um. ver- 
sion as under. 

S. From lands that sea the sun arise, To earth's, 
to. By 3. M. Neale, from the old text, 1st pub, 
in the Hynutat N., 1852, in 3 st, of 4 1., and 
again in later editions of the same, und in other 
hymnals, 

S. From where the eunahine hath iti birtb! By 
R. F. Littledale, made from the old text for, aud 
1st pub. in the People's H., 1867, No. 26, in 8 st. 
of 41., and signed "A. L. P." 

4. From east to wast, from ahoro to ahon. By 
J, KUerton. This is a cento of 5 st., four of 
which are from this hymn (st. i., ii., vi., vii.), 
and the last is original, written in 1870), and 
1st pub. in Ctmrch Hys., 1871, No. 78. It i> 
the most acceptable form of the tiymu for con- 
gregational use. 

Translations not in 0. U, ;— 

1. From eveiypart o'erwhlch thesun. Primer, If (K. 

2. From the faint dayspring*s, &c. Jfant, 1831, 

3. From far eunrtse at early morn. Copdand, 19*8, 

4. From the first daysprlne'a, 4c. Blew. 1653. 
fi. from climes which aee, &c. Chambrrt, 18G7, 

6. Now from the rising of the sun. Wallace, 1974. 
1. From where the rising sun, &c. F. Traggtt, 18SS. 

Other tr». of this hymn have been made 
into English through the German, thus noted 
by Mr. Mearns:— 

Christum wir aollen lohen aohon. A full and 
faithful tr. by Martin Luther, 1st pub. in Eyit 
Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524, and thence in Waeker- 
nagel T s D. Eircheniied, iii. p. 13, in 8 sts. of 4 i. 
Included in Schirclcs'a ed. of Luther's Geistliohs 
Lieder, 1854, p. 7, and as No. 25 in the Unv. 
L. 3., 1851. 

Of this the trs. in C. U. are:— (I) Christ, 
teAom the Virgin Mary bore, omitting sts. iii.-v. 
by C, Kinchen (J. Swertner?), as No. 42 in the 
Moravian H. Bit., 1789, and continued, altered, 
in later eds. Included as No. 83 in Pratt's Coll., 
1829. (2) AW praiw ww Christ, the Holy One, 
from R. Massie's M. Luther's Spirit. Songs, 1854, 
p. 9, as No. 80 in the Ohio Luth. Hyl. 1880. 

Other tn. are :— 

(I) " To Christ be now our homage paid," as No. 1M 
inpt. Ill, of the Moravian B. Bit., 1148, No. zlzinpt. i, 
iTo4. (Z) " Soon shall our voices praise," by Mies Fry, 
1S4E. (3) "Let now all honour due be done," by Dr. 
J. Hunt, 1833, p. 34. (41 "There ahould to Christ be 
pTalses sung," by Miss Manington, 1SS4, p. 23. (6) 
*• Jesus we now must laud and elng," by I5r. Q. Mao 
donold, in the Sunday Magazine, 1867, p. 151; and 
thence, altered, la hie Oxotict, 187S, p. 43. [J, J ¥ ] 

ii. The second portion of this poem is the 
Epiphany hymn Jfoa(M Herodes impie, found 
in many Breviaries, and consisting of lines 
29-36, 41-44, and 49-52, or in other words, 
the strophes commencing with h, i, I, n, t. 
The text is given ia Daniel, i. No. 120, together 
with references to various Breviaries, &o. 



A SOLIS obtCs 

In the Hmn. Scoria*, liond., ibsI, it Is rival u tbe 
Hymn at first and second vesrpeis em the Feast of the 
Epiphany, and daily throuifh tbe Octave at Hetina and 



Vespers; with various readings from tbe uses of York 
(which assigns i t to flint and mound Teeners and lands on 
the Epiphany, and dally through the Octave), of Boahaa. 
and froretrter (through tbe Eplpbany at Veepeis), £1. 
^Um'f (Vespers and Lends), «, jUnirew de Brtmhctm, 
Norfolk (Lauds). Daniel, iv. 149, 319, cites ft as In a 
Bhelnau us. of the *th cent., and a Bern us. of the 
9th cent. In tbe Britith Jhtteur* It la also found In a 
11th cent. w. (Jul, A. vi. f. 38) and otben ; and in tbe 
[Attn £jp. of tie AntfaSiutM Church, 1951, p. El, ft le 
printed from a Durham vs. of tbe 11th cent. Tbe 
strophe sattna matnm (the tnep o/ aiotkrt) ocean 
in a ma, of tbe HarkLan Llbraro, of Um 11th cent. 
(Xttl, f. M»*i as a hymn for the Holy Innocents. In 
the Mmrdbie Bret. EottU Btrcdet inptt la the Hymn 
at Lands for the Epiphany, the strophes k, i, J, n, q, r, 
9, t, v, u, w, j of tbe original being used, with doxotogy. 
Strophes fc, «, o, v, with two additional, and a uoxology, 
are nsed In this rite on tbe Feast of tbe Holy Innocents 
at Ijanda; or *■ In Alllslone Iinantlam, sive Sanctorum 
Innoo^uni,""Ontbe dashing to pteceeofthe Infante, 
or Holy Innocents." {See Psalm exxxvii., v. 9, English 
version; Ps. exxxvi., v. t, in the Latin; for the idea.) 
In Migws Patrst. the hymns will be found in col. 184, 
US, and 13*, 13* of torn. 8* respectively. 

[W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. ;— 

1. Bow vain was hapten* Herod's dread. By 
A. T. Kussell, ia his Ps. and //>., 1851, No. 71, 
and with alterations, into Kennedy, 1863, No. 22|J, 

t. Wly, Impoua Hand, vainly fear, By J. M. 

Neale, in the 1st ed, of the Hymnal N., 1852, 
No. 17, from whence it passed into later editions 
of the same, the People 1 ! H., 1667, the Hymner, 
1882, and others. In H. A. and M„ 1661, it is 
given in an altered form, as ; — " Why doth that 
impious Herod fear ? " but in the enlarged and 
revised ed. 1875, the opening line is again altered 
to, " Hov> vain t!te cruet Herod's fear." Another 
form is that of the Hymnary, 1872, where it 
reads :— " The star proclaims the King is here." 
It was thus altered by the Editors of that Col. 

Translation! net in 0. o\ : — 
, 1. Herod, grim foe, whence this dismay. Blew, 185S. 

a. Why, Herod, impious tyrant, fear. Chambers, 
l«*f. 

3. Impious Herod, wherefore tremble. JlocgOt, 1918. 

Various trs. of this have been made into 
German. The Irs, from one of these ore thus 
noted by Mr. Mearns ; — 

Waa funhtst dn Feind Herodee sehr, A full 
and faithful tr. by Martin Luther, written Dec. 
12, 1541, and let pub. in King's Oeistliche Lieder, 
Wittenberg, 1544. Thence in Waclternagel, iii., 
p. 25, in 5 at. of 4 1. Included in Schircks's ed. 
of Luther's Oeistliche Lieder, 1854, p. 18, and 
a* No, 81 in the Vnv. L. 3., 1651. 

Of this the only tr. in C. 0. is, "Why, 
Herod, unrelenting foe 1 " iu full in R. Massie's 
M. L.'e Spir. Songs, 1854, p. 13, and thenee in 
Dr. Bacon, 1884, and, altered, as No. 53, in the 
Ohio Lath. Hymnal, 1880. 

Other trs. are: — 

(1) "What dost thou fear, oh, enemy?" by Miss Fry, 
1846, p. 13. til " Fiend Herod, why those frantic 
feere/^by J. Anderson, UU, p. 11 (ed. 1B4T, p. 3t\ 
(3) " Fiend Herod ! why with fears art tom," by Dr. J. 
Hunt, lstil, p. as. (4) "Herod, why dreadest tbon a 
foe, 1 ' by Dr. G. Macdonald in the Sunday Magazine, 
J99T, p. 331 i and thence, altered, In bis Exotics, 1st*. 

[J. J.] 

iii. Tbe Bom. Brev. form of Hottti Herode* 
1* Crudelis Herodes Deum. The alterations 
in the test are st, i., 1. 1-2. and the doxology 
only. In the Horn, Brev. it is appointed for 



A SOLIS OBTOS 5 

the 1st & 2nd Vespers of the Feast of the 
Epiphany. The text is in Daniel, t No. 120 ; 
Card. Newman's Hyitmi Eocleeiaj, 1838-65, 
and other collections, [W. A. S ] 

Translations in C. U. :— 

1. Why, Herod, why the Godhead fearl By 
Bp. R. Mant, in his Ancient Hymns, 1837, p. 43 ; 
and in Chope's Hymnal, 1864, and others as ; — 
" In vain doth Herod rage and fear.*' 

I. Why, ruthless fcfaf, (hit frantte fear! By 
W, J, Copeland, in his Hymns for the Wtek\ 
1848, p. 70. In 1868 it was given as, "Why 
doth the inched Herod fear ? " in the Sarum II., 
No. 66. 

a. Oerwl Herod! why thus faart By E. Cas- 
wall. 1st pub. in his Lyra OathoHia, 1849, 
p. 53, and his Hymns and Poems, 1873, p. 30. 
This is the tr. in C. V. in Roman Catholic col- 
lections for Schools and Missions. 

*. Why, enul Herod, why in feat t By J. A. 

Johnston, in the English H., 1852, and later 
editions. This is based upon older trs, 

I. Tfhy, enul Herod, dost thou fearl By E. C. 

Singleton, made for and 1st pub. in his Anqlioan 
H. Bk., 1868, No. 58, In the 2nd ed., 1871, No. 
73, it was altered to, " Why should the cruel 
Herod fear?" 

8. Why deth that aruel Herod fearl This, 
which is No. 120 in the St. John's Hymnal, 
Aberdeen, 1865 and 1870, is a cento from Copeland 
(st. ii.) and Neale, with alterations in the text of 
each. 

Translations not in 0. U, ; — 

1. Why, Herod, dost tbon fear in vain. Primer, 110*. 

2. Cruel Herod, wherefore fearest thou P Ifope, 1844. 

3. Why, Herod, shakes thy soul with fears. P. 
Trams, 180*. 

4. Why, cruel Herod, dost thou fear. J. WaUaee, 
18)4. [J. J.] 

A Bolie ortusoordineEtua<iueterraa 
limitam. [CArisbua*.] This hymn, which 
U of very complex authorship, departs from 
the foregoing in the second stanza, which 
begins ; — 

"Gaudete qnicqnid gentium, 
Judaea, lioma et Qraecia," ttc. 

The opening lines of the hymn, 1-4, we 
shall hardly be wrong in ascribing to Sedttltnt. 
The succeeding lines, 5-12, form the ctmcln- 
sion of the hymn for the Epiphany, " Qui' 
eunque Christum quaeritis," by Prudentius 
(Catkem. Hymn. xii!). The lines 18-24, com- 
mencing with "Fit porta Ohristi pervia," are 
received by the Benedictine editors of St. 
Ambrose a* a genuine work of that Father 
(No. 13 among his hymns) on the, authority of 
a treatise ascribed to St. Ildephonsus, "De 
perpetua Virginitate Beatae Mariae, et de 
ejus Partmitione ;" certainly old, and most 
probably the work of Paschssius Bodbertue 
(died A.ii. 851). See the SpieiUgittm of Da- 
cheiius. The note in the Benedictine edition 
runs thus :— 

" Tbe knowledge of the twelfth hymn we owe to St. 
Ildephonsus, who more than once quotee tbe first 
strophe in hifl tr^atiee lie Pariuritiime et Purificatione 
S. Mariae Viryixis, «s haTlnr been written by Sit. 
Ambrose, whenue it baa been ^?iuiferred to tbe Later 



6 



A 8UEB AND TBIED 



mlitLons of the wurks of tliat holy Doctor. But the 
second and third strophes (1&. verses 17-34) we UaTe 
■topled from the book of George Casauider, fa xymmt 
Ecclesiatticit, where this hymn is given without the 
auther's name. And although there occasionally occurs 
In It a fouLt against the rules of prosody, yet wo do not 
on that account Judge it unworthy of St Ambrose, 
since errors of this kind occur In the hymns not doubted 
to bo his, though not frequently." 

We may mention, however, that this por- 
tion ascribed to St Ambrose, mainly coincides 
with a hymn found in the works of St. Ka- 
banus Maurus. (See the edition of his 
writings by Geo. Colvenarius, Col. Agrip. 
1627 ; or in Migne"s Patrol., torn. 112, the 6th. 
vol, of the works of that writer; hymn No. 13, 
headed " In solemnitate Sanctae Moriae") 
Tho authorship of the remaining lines is un- 
certain. Daniel, i. (No. 15), gives the text 
from the collection of Thontasius, remarking 
the partial coincidence with Sedultusj but 
in iv. pp. 58, &c, lie decides that tins hymn is 
made np from different compositions ; giving 
as liis opinion that the groundwork was a 
poem in which the first letters of every four 
lines token together make up the alphabet. 
The portion ascribed to St. Ambrose, " Fit 
porta/' is fonnd in an 11th cent. its. in the 
British Museum (Karl. 2361, f. 225l>). In the 
Latin Hys. of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 1851, 
p. 112, it is printed from a Durliatn MS. of the 
11th cent. 

As to the ritual use — it is the hymn at 
Lands on the Feast of the Anunnciation in 
tho Hozarahic firev. (Toledo, 1502, f. 361), 
whilo in Xitucno's cd., 1517, " A solis ortus car- 
dine ad usque " is said at Vespers to line 21, 
when the Ambrosian strophes come in, with a 
Doxologyj The Ambrosian portion, "Fit 
porla Clnisti pervia," &c, is Jhe hymn in tho 
Conslonz Brev. (a.i). 151G) end lome others, at 
Matins, on the Feast of the Annunciation of 
tlio B. V. M., and on tho Festivals in her 
honour. It has been ir. as "From where tho 
rising sun goes forth," by W. J. Copoland, in 
his Hymns for the With, &o., 1848, and again 
in Scharf's Christ inSong, 1860. [W. A. SJ 

A sure and tried foundation stone. 
J. Montgomery. {Laying Foundation Stone.'] 
Written Sept. 4, 182U, for the laying of the 
Foundation Stone of St. Philip's Church, 
Sheffield, and printed for use at that cere- 
mony, [m.mss.] It was given in Montgomery's 
Original Hymns, 1853, No. 290, in 5 st.of 4 1„ 
entitled " On Laying the Foundation Stono 
of a Place of Worship.'' Its use has been 
very limited, mainly owing to the superior 
excellence of his hymn, "This stone to Thee 
in faith we lay," which was written during 
the following month, and was included in his 
Christian Fsalmht, 1825, whilst this hymn was 
omitted from all his earlier works, 

A thousand oracles divine. C. Wesley. 
[Holy Trinity.'] In his Hymns on the Trinity, 
1767, this hymn is given as No. xvii. in 
tlio division of "Hymns and Prayers to the 
Trinity," in 4 st. of 8 1., p. 100. It was repeated 
in tho ires, H. Bli. 1780, and later eds. with the 
simple alteration of "His hosts" to " the 
boats " in st, i. 1. 0. From that collection it 
has passed into all tho principal hymnals of 
the Methodist bodies in most Engliah-speaking 



ABBA FATHER 

countries, hut is seldom found olaewJiere. Few 
hymns aro more dogmatic on the doctrine 
of the Trinity. The lines, " The Friend of 
earth-born man," and " For heaven's superior 
praise," are borrowed from Young's Night 
Thoughts. Night ir. 11. 603. 440. Orig. text 
es above, and P. Works of J. * C. Wesley, 
1868-1872, vol. vii. pp. 312-18. 

A time to -watch, a time to pray. 

J. M, Neale. [Good Friday.] Appeared in his 
HywtMfor Children, 1842, in 6st.of4 1,, the 
last st. Wug Bp. Ken's doxology. It is given 
in Mrs. Brock's Children's H. Bk. with the omis- 
sion of the doxology, and st. iii. 1. 1, "this 
day, 1 * for " to-day, otherwise unaltered. 

A voice comes from Ramah. W.Knox. 
{Bereavement.} Pub. in his Songs of Israel, 
1824, in 3 st. of 8 1. and again in his Poemtr, 
1847, pp. 117-8. It is based on Jer. xxxi. 
15, 16, and entitled "Eaohel Weeping." In 
Kennedy, 1863, No. 197, it is slightly altered. 

A voice upon the midnight air. 

[Passiontide.] Dr. Martinean informs us that 
this hymn was contributed to his Hys. for the 
Christian Church <fe Home, 1840. It is No. 218, 
in 6 st, of 4 1., and is given as " Anonymous." 
It has since appeared in many Unitarian 
collections in G, Britain and America. 

A widow poor, forlorn, oppressed, 
C. Wesley. [Prayer.] From the ms. of his 
Hymns on the Four Gospels, dated 1765, first 
pub, in the P. Works of J. and C. Wesley, 18G8- 
72, vol. xi p. 255, and again, without altera- 
tion, in the Wes. H. Bk. 1875, No. 827. 

A widowed mother lost her son. 

Dorothy A. Thrupp. [Compassion,] Contributed 
tn the 2nd ed. of Mrs. H. Msvo'b 8el of 
Hymns, &c, 1840, in i st. of 4 ]., entitled 
"Tlio Widow and her Son," nnd signed 
" D. A. 1." It is fonnd in a few collections, 
including the Ch. S. S. H. Bk. 1879, No. 45. 

Abaeh'd be all the boast of Age. 
.Dp. B, Beber. [Epiphany.] Appeared in 
his posthumous Hymns, <te., 1827, pp. 27-8, in 
5 st. of 4 1. as tho first of two hymns for the 
First Sunday after Epiphany. In its original 
form it is not in common use, but st. ii.-v. 
as— « O Wisdom, whoso unfading power"— is 
given in Kennedy, 1863, No. 229 (with altera- 
tions), and the Meth. S. 8. H.-Bk. 181$, No, 77, 
also slightly altered. 

Abba Father! we approach Thee. 

J. G. DerJc. [Sons of God.] 1st pub. in 
the Appendix to the Hymns for the Poor of 
ike FUkJc, 1841, No. 27, in 4 st. of 8 1. ; again 
witii the omission of st, hi. in Ps, & Hys.,"Lorui., 
Walther, 1842; Walker's Cheltenham Coll. 
1S35; Snepp's S. of G. & G. 1872, No. 21, 
and other collections. It is a plain evangelical 
hymn of no special merit. In America it is 
found in the Bapt. Hy. * Tune Bk. Phil. 
1871, No. 792. 

Abba Father, while we sing. E. Otter 

y'roDidence'], written for and first pub. in 
all's MUre Hymn Boole, 1836, No. 187, in 
3 st. of 6 1., and entitled "The Blessedness 



ABBA, GENTLE JESUS 

of God's Children"; and again in Osier's 
Church & King, Jane, 1837, where it is ap- 
pended to an article on the Tenth Sunday 
after Trinity. It is found in several hymnals, 
including P. Maurice's Choral My. Bk., 1861, 
No. 403, Kennedy, 1863, No. 1162, hut usually 
with slight alterations. 

Abba, gentle Jesus prayed. J. S. B. 

Montell. [To ike Father.'] Appeared in the 
2nd and enlarged cd. of his Bye. of Love & 
Fraiie, 1866, and thence, unaltered, into 
Snepr/s 8. of G. & G., 1872. [W. T. B.] 

Abeloxd, Fetsr, b. at Pailais, in Brittany, 
1079. Designed for the military profession, 
he followed those of philosophy and theo- 
logy. His life was one of strange ohances and 
changes, brought about mainly through his 
love for Heloise, the niece of one Eulbert, a 
Canon of the Cathedral of Fans, and by his 
rationalistic views. Although a priest, he 
married Helo'ise privately. He was con- 
demned for heresy by the Council of Soissons, 
1121, and again by that of Sens, 1140 ; d. at 
St. Marcel, near Chalons-sur-Saflrie, April 21, 
1142. For a long time, although his poetry 
had been referred to both by himself and by 
Heloise, little of any moment was known 
except the Advent hymn, Mittit ad Virgineni 
(q.Y.). In 18S8Greithpub.in his Spicilegiian 
Vaticanxm, pp. 123-131, six poems which had 
been discovered in the Vatican. Later on, 
ninety-seven hymns were found in the Boyai 
Library at Brussels, and pub. in the complete 
ed. of Abolaid'a works, by Cousin, Petri Abie* 
lardi Opp., Paris, 1849, In that work is one 
of his best-known hymns, Tuba Domini, Paule, 
maxima (q-v.). Trench in his jSno. Lat. Poetry, 
1664, gives his Ornarunt terram germina (one 
of a series of poems on the successive dayB* 
work of the Creation), from Du Meril's Potsies 
PoptiL Lat. du Mot/en Age, 1847, p. 444. 

[J. J.] 

Abide in me, and I in you. Bp. E. S. 

Biehenteth. [Ahide in Chritt.'] Written in 
1849, and first pub. in Water from the Well 
Spring, 1852. It was subsequently repub. in 
his Pi. and Hys. 1858, No. 79, and again 
in The Two Brothers, 1871, p. 230. 

Abide with me, feet falls the even- 
tide. H. F. Lyle. tShrening.'] The history 
of this hymn to the date or its first publi- 
cation, it given in the prefatory Memoir to his 
Remain* by his daughter, Anna Maria 
Maxwell Hogg, Lond., Bivington, 1850, pp. ii., 
iii., as follows ;■ — 

" The summer was passing away, and the month of 
September (that month in which he was once more to 
quit his native land) arrived, and eadi day seemed to 
have a special value as being one day nearer his depar- 
ture. His family were surprised and almost alarmed at 
big announcing bis Intention of preaching once more to 
bis people. His weakness, and the possible danger 
attending the effort, were urged to prevent it, but in 
vain. * It was better/ as he used often playfully to say, 
wlien in comparative health, ' to wear out than to rust 
out.' He felt that he should be enabled to fulfil his 
wish, and feared not for the result. His expectation 
was well founded. He did preach, and amid the breath- 
less attention of bis heaters gave them the sermon on 
tire Holy Communion, which is Inserted last in this 
volume [i.e. the EeaaiiuJ. He afterwards assisted at 
the administration of the Holy Eucharist, and though 
necessarily ranch exhausted by the exerUonLund excite- 



ABOVE THE CLEAB 7 

meat of this effort, yet his friends bad no reason to 
believe it had been hurtful to him. In the evening of 
the game day he placed in the hands of a near and dear 
relative the little hymn, ' Abide with me/ with an air 
of bis own composing, adapted to the words." 

A note to the sermon referred to in this 
cxtraot says, "Preached at Lower Brixham, 
Sept. 4, 1847." He died at Nice oil the 20th 
of the November following [Lyte, H. *.] 

The text of this hymn, which is usually 
regarded as the original, is that contained in 
his Remain», pub. in 1850. There are, how- 
ever, several readings of the text. These 
readings are given in : — 

1. Afac-timUeof the original h& In the autograph 
of the author, published by the Vicar of Lower llrus- 
lutm, on behalf of the restoration of the church. 

3. A leaflet on which it was first printed at Berryhcad 
in September, 184T. 

3. Ktrnamt, Ik,, ISBO. 

4. MiKetian&na .Poems, 1883. 

The variations of text are : — 
st. 1. \. 2. Wo. 1. The darkness thu&ens, Lord, &c. 

Nos. 2 and 3. The darkness deepens, Lord, to. 
st. lv. 1. 4. If o. I. Come, Friend of sinners, and then 
abide, fee. 

Ho t 2. Come, Friend of sinners, and thus abide, 

No. 3. Come, Friend of Sinners, and tkut 'bide. 
st. viii. 1. 1. No. 1. Hold (Aen thy cross, &c. 

So. 2. Hold then thy cross, &c. 

No. 3. Hold there thy cross, &b. 

So. 4. Hold Thou thy cross, 4c. 

In addition to theso the hymn has also 
been pub. by J. Wright and Co., Thomas 
Street, Bristol, 1863, with Lyte's original 
music ; and it has been translated into many 
languages, including Latin renderings in the 
Guardian (Nov. 1879 and"Duc 1881^ Chvrch 
Timet, Memorials of T. G. GoAfrey-Faimdt 
(1878), Ilymno. Christ. Zutfuit (1871). &e. 

The important position wliich this hymn 
has attained in many lands and tongues will 
juslify nn extract from Mr. Ellerton'a nr>tn to 
the same in Church Jlymni (folio od. 1881). 
In that collection it is given with tho " Gene- 
ral Hymns." Mr. Ellerton says : — 

" It is sometimes [nearly always] classed among even- 
ing hymns, apparently on the ground of tlie first two 
lines, and their similarity in sound to two lines in 
Kebie's * Sun of my soul/ This Is a curious instance 
of the misapprehension of the true meaning of a byniri 
by those among whom it is popular ; for a very little 
consideration will suffice to shew that there Is not 
throughout the hymn the slightest allusion to the close 
of the natural day ; the words of St. Luke ssiv. 29 are 
obviously used in a sense whedly metaphorical. It is 
far better adapted to be sung at funerals, as it was 
beside the grave of Professor Maurice * but it Is almost 
too Intense and personal for ordinary congregational 
use." 

The use of this hymn is very extensive in 
all English -speaking countries. It is found 
in almost every collection published in G. 
Brit, during the past thirty years. [J. J.] 

Above, below, where'er I gaze. 

[Creation.] Contribiitid to Chrittian Poetry, 
Edinb., 1827, in 5 st. of fi ]., entitled, " Omni- 
presence of God," and signed laitmS. Its author- 
ship has not been determined. It crttrio itito 
C. U., in a few Unitarian collections ut an 
eaily date, and is at present in use ton limited 
extent in Gvliiit. nnd America, o. g: Ami*. 
Plymouth Coll., No. 8U, and Kcmiedy, No. 1275. 

[W. T. V.-\ 

Above the clear blue eky, In hea- 
ven's, &e. J. Chandler. ICIiildreu'ti Hyniit.~] 



8 



ABBAHAM, WHEN 



Under date of Putney, March 20, 1875, the 
author wrote, " With the exception of ' Above 
the clear blue sky," I have composed no hymns 
since those published in 1837, whioh are trans- 
lations [flu. of (He Primitive ChvrcK], I believe 
1841 may have been the date of the publication 
of my smaller book [Hyt. of the Church, mostly 
Primitive}, but I have been an invalid for the 
last four years, away from my borne, and have 
nothing to refer to here. ' Above the clear 
bine sky ' appeared first in some Irish Collec- 
tion of hymns some years ago ; but that is all 
I can remember about it," (s, hss.) 

The Irish Collection referred to is probably 
Hy». for Pub. Worship, Dub., 1856, in which 
it is found. It bad appeared however in the 
author's Hymns of (he Church, mostly Primi- 
tive, in 1841, in4st. of 4 1, No. 83. Its use is 
somewhat extensive. 

Abraham, when severely tried. C. 
Wesley, [faith.] From .Hymns and Sacred 
Poem*, 1740, p. 12, and entitled " The Life of 
Faith Exemplified," being a paraphrase of 
Heb. xi. in SO at. In 1780, 7 st. were included 
in the Wet. H.Bk., No. 277, from whence it 
has passed into most of the collections of tlie 
Methodist bodies. Orig. text in P. Work* of 
J. & C. Wesley, 1868-72, vol. :., p. 214. 

Absent from flesh, O blissful thought 
J. Watt*. (Death.') This hymn is part of a 
poem on " Death and Heaven," in five Lyric 
Odes, of which it is No. 2 :— " The Departing 
Moment; ox Absent from tbe Body," and is in 
4 st.of 41. TheseOdesappearedinDr.Wetts's 
Reliquiae Juveniles, 1734. This ode is not in 
extensive use, although found in a few col- 
lections in G. Brit. and. America. It is piven, 
in it slightly altered form, in the New Cong., 
No. 723. Tbe orig. text is not found in modem 
collections. [W. T. B.] 

Abyssinian Hymnody. Till about the 
year 1864, when the Bev. J, ST, Bodvrell 
printed two articles in the Journal of Sacred 
Literature, nothing whatever was known in 
England of Abyssinian Hymnody, and it is 
only to theso articles that reference can even 
now be made. 

The selections from the Degua, or Hymnal 
of JaTed, an Abyssinian faint who is believed 
to have lived in the 5th cent,, and is tradi- 
tionally said to have been cuoght up into 
heaven, (see Dilltnan's Cut. msb. .fljlth. Brit 
Nus., p. 32, n.), are of striking originality and 
are translated by Mr. Hodwell into a kind of 
metrical prose. From them we give ns a spe- 
cimen the " Hymn of tbe Light." 

Praise to tbe Saviour, the glory of the saints, 
Tbe light which luUh come Into the world j 
His clothing ms as light upon the mount. 
But He Is tiie tine light In Himself. 

He came from it world of light, 

And that light hath come to us ; 

He will Lead ua back into that light 

From whence He descended in love and pity. 

He has come whom Moses announced— 

The Crown of martyrs, the Pounder of the Church, 

The Light of light, who giveth light to the just. 

Oh send out Thy light and truth. 

That they may taring me to Thy holy hill j 

Send forth Thy hand from on high to save. 



ACCEPT, LORD 

God Is a God who knoweth all things. 

Clad in righteousness, robed In light ; 

A light announced HEm, shlnfhg tn tike heavens, 

AncTHe ts come, the Pilot of the souls of the just. 

The Church's Bridegroom Is the light of the world. 
Let us therefore be clad In light, 
And put away the works of darkness, 
And walk as toe children of the day. 

He reigns over tbe treasures of light. 

Who ejrfeted ere the worlds were made. 

He will manifest that light ; 

He will give comfort In our sorrows; 

He will diepeise the clouds and thick darkness, 

And lead us to our rest above. 

Halleluiah, O Thou? firstborn of Zton 1 

Adonai, Thou art the bearer ofglad tidings : 
Marvellous Is the brightness of Thy beauty H 
Halleluiah. To Thee be gtory. Amen. 

The us. from which these hymns were 
translated is in the library of tbe B, ft F. Bible 
Society, and is probably of the 14th century. 
Only two other copies appear to have found 
their way to Europe. From the invocation of 
saints, in the hymns for their festivals, one can 
hardly doubt that the hymns are of the 5th 
or 6th cent. In this they present an exceed- 
ingly strong family likeness to the hymns of 
St. Ephrem Syrus. 

The first published metrical translation was 
a version of The Vigil of Ihe Four Beasts, 
by Mr. W. C. Dix, and appeared in the Church- 
man's Shilling Magazine lot May, 1867. lit 
October of the same year an article on " Abys- 
sinian Hymns," containing three metrical 
versions by Mr. Dix, was issued in the came 
magazine. Another artiole headed Devotions 
of the Abyssinian- Church appeared in the 
Monthly Packet tot July, 1868, and two hymns 
were added. None of these are in 0. U., bat 
one is given in Jelliooe's Songs of the Church, 
1867. The Song of the Saints, the only other 
version of en Abyssinian hymn, originally 
published in Bev. L. 0. Biggs' s Songs of Other 
Churches in the Monthly Packet for'Nov. 1871, 
and reprinted In the Churchman's Manual of 
Puhlie and Private Devotion, 1882, completed 
the use of the translations of Mr. Kodwell by 
English hymn-writers, except, that in the 
columns of the Church Times, an additional 
translation or two, by Mr. Dtx, may be fonnd. 
It is earnestly to be wished that attention may 
be seriously drawn to the hymns of the whole 
Eastern Church. The profound ignorance of 
our leading hymnological scholars on subjects 
of this class Li lamentable. The field Dr. 
Neale worked so well has lain comparatively 
fallow since bis early death. The position 
which some of his Hymns of ilte Eastern Church 
have taken in our hymnals excites the wish 
that Abyssinia and Ethiopia may render us 
some service. These unwrotight fields, though 
not equal to the rich treasury of Greek and 
Latin hymnody, arc still worthy of the atten- 
tion of English compilers. [ W. T. B.] 

Accept, O lord. Thy servant's 

thanks. Bp. M. Mant, {Holy Scripture.'] 
This is one of the Origiual Hymns added by 
Bp. Mant to his Ancient Hymns from the Bo- 
man Breviary, 1837-71, in 4 st. of 8 1., and 
entitled "Hymn of Thanksgiving for Holy 
Scripture." Dr. Kennedy, in adopting it in 
his Hymno. Ckritt., 1863, No. 1195, has given 
ihe original text, with tbe ebange of st. iti. 
1. 7, from " And He, Who gave the word, may 



ACCEPT OUR THANKS 

He" to "And 0, may Se Who gave the 
Word." The bymn is a plain poetical reflex 
of the sixth Article, and of the Collect for the 
Second Sunday ia Advent This hymn is 
also sometimes found in American collections, 
as the Pennsylvania, Luth. Church Bk., 1868, 
and others. 

Accept our thanks, O Lord, we 
pray. W. C. Din. [St. Beds.] Contributed 
to the People'* S. 1867, No. 292. 

Accepted, Perfect, and Complete. 
Franeet B. Havergal [Complete in Chriet.l 
Written at Hastings, Sept 3, 1870, in 5 st of 
3 1., and based upon the three passages of 
Holy Scriptnre : Eph. i. 6, " Accepted in the 
beloved"; Ool. i. 2B, '•Perfect in Chrirt 
Jesus " ; and OoL ii. 10, ■< Complete in Him." 
It was first pub. as a leaflet by J. and B. 
Farlane, Paidey, 1871 ; then, with the tune 
" Tryphena " (also by Miss Hareraal), In 
Bnepp's 8. of G. 4 G., 1872, mas. ed. 1875 ; 
again in her work Under the Surface, 1874; 
and her Life Xotaie, 1879. [•' bav. mi."] 

Accepting, Lord, Thy gracious call. 
C.N.Katt. [Following J****.] Thishymnwas 
printed in the author's tract, Follow Jetue, 
and, again, from thence in his ZTyrwi*, composed 
at Bottan Abbey, and Other Bhytaes, 1858, pp. 
45-47, in 11 st. of 4 1. In Major's Bk. of 
Praise and ttie Ifeth. 8. 8. BT. Bk. it is given 
in en abbreviated form. In the author's 
Cft. Ch. Hymnal, 1873, No. 257, it is included 
ns " Lord f we obey Thy kind command," in 
8 st. of 4 1. various stanzas of the original being 
rewritten to attain this end. 

According to Thy gracious word. 

/. Montgomery. [Holy Communton.1 No copy 
of this hymn is preserved in the " Montgomery 
jibs." Its first publication was in the author's 
Christian PtalmUt, 1825, p. 405, in 6 st of 4 3. 
with the motto " This do in remembrance of 
Me." From Its first appearance it has been 
one of the most popular of hymns for "Holy 
Communion," and is found in most modem 
collections of a moderate type. Usually, how- 
ever, st. ii. 1. 2, which reads: "Thy testa- 
mental enp I take " is altered to " Tne cup, 
Thy precious Blood, I take," ns in Thring's Coll., 
No. 524, or, « Til take," as in the Salisbury H. 
Bit., 1857, and Kennedy, 1863, No. 650. 
In 1853 it was republished by Montgomery in 
his Original Hymnt, No. 129, In common 
with Montgomery's hymns it has no doxology, 
That usually found with it, 

" To Tlwe, O Jesm, Light of Light, 
All praise stid glory be," to,, 

is from the Salisbury H. Bk., 1857. In Hedge 
& Huntington's Unitarian Jim. of the Church, 
Boston, U. S. A., 1853, No. 388, " (lethsetnaiie, 
can I forget?" is composed of st. iii., ii., it., v. 
of tiiis hymn. 

According to Thy mercy, Lord. 

[Supplieation.'i This cento appeared in 3 st 
of 4 1. as No. 720 in the Moravian H. Bk., 1789, 
and was repeated in later eda.(1849, No. 723). 
In Mr. Eborle's notes in the Moravian Met- 
senger, March, 1870, it is marked as: 1. 
Schneesing, tr. J. SwertneT, ii. N. L, von Zin- 
zendorf, tr. F. W. Foster, iii, N. L. von Zinzen- 



ACH GOTT 



9 



dorf, tr. J. Bnertncr. St. L seems to be from 
st. iii. of 8chneesing*s hymn, " Allein zu dir, 
Herr Jesa Christ;" while st ii,, Iii. seem 
based on Zinzendorfs "Aehmeinverwundtcr 
Fiirete." The cento is included as No. 132 
in Dr. PugenBtecher's Coll., 1864. [J. M.] 

Anh Qott vom HtmmeL eieh darein. 
Martin Luther [Ps. iii."). This free rendering 
of Ps. iii., adapted to the times, which Bnnsen 
(Versueh, 1833, p. 854) calls "a cry for help 
hom the Church founded on the Word of Qad 
tot protection against its contemners and cor- 
rupters," was probably written in 1523 and 
1st pub. in the Ellich cristtich tider, Witten- 
berg, 1524, in 6 st. of 7 1. The seventh st, a 
dox-, was added in Eyn Enchiridion, Erfnrt, 
1524, but has not been tr. into English. In- 
cluded in Waekernaael, iii._p, 6, in Schfrcks's 
ed. of Luther's Qeietlicke Lieder, 1854, p. 73, 
and as No. 209 in the Vnv. L. B. 1851. It is 
a companion to Luther's "Nun trout each 
lieben Christengmein," and like it greatly 
furthered the cause of the Beformation. 

Lauxmann, in Koch, viii. 521-526, relates that 
Dr. Sprutze, or Sprengol, of Magdeburg Cathe- 
dral, had gone hj request of the Romish autho- 
rities to preach at Brunswick three sermons 
which were to uproot the Lutheran heresies. On 
the 22nd Sun. after Trinity, 1527, he preached 
on the parable of the Unmerciful Servant (St. 
Matt, xviii. 23-35) and declared salvation by 
good works. At the end of his sermon, acitisen 
begun to sing this hymn, and as the whole con- 
gregation joined in, the discomfited priest at 
once left the pulpit, and never again preached in 
Brunswick. Again, on the 2nd San. in Advent, 
1 529, a preacher in St. Jacob's, Liibeek, exhorted 
to prayers for the dead, when two boys began 
this hymn, and the congregation following, 
sang the whole. Lauxmann adds that st. iv. 
comforted P. J. Spener when he heard it sung 
on his entering the church at Frankfurt-am- 
Main, at a time when days looked dark for 
the Church of Christ ; that, when summoned to 
Dresden to occupy the responsible post of Court 
preacher, he was cheered by being saluted witii 
it in the first Saxon village he entered ; and that 
in Dresden it was often, at his request, sung by 
the scholars before his door. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, Oh Lord our Ood, from heaven look town, 
in Miss Fry's H. of the lieformatitM, 1843, p. 30. 
In I860 her trs. of at. v. ri. rewritten to 5 st. 
CM., beginning, " Almighty God, Thy truth shall 
stand," were included in J. Whittemore's 3\tpp. 
to alt II. Bis., No. 44. 

1, Ood! look Iowa from heav'a, we pray, a 
free tr, condensing sts. ii., iii., as ii., by W. hi. 
Reynolds, in the Evangelical Review, Gettysburg, 
July 1849, and as No. 965 in the General Synod's 
Luth. JI. Bi., 1850. 

S t Ah God, look down from heaven and sea, 
by R. Hassie in his ti: of Luther's Spiritual 
Songs, 1854, p. 32. In 1880 it was given in 
the Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 147, as :—" O God, lout 
down from heaven and see." 

L Ah Ood, from hesVn look down, and s*s, 
omitting St. iii., by Miss Winkwortb, as No. 101, 
in her C. Ii. far Kngland, 18IW, 



w 



ACH QOTT 



■tie, and loke on us," by JBp. 

, 1816, p, B«). (2) " Sdf OS, 

lend," fa Ihe 0uae atul &>tfta 



Other trs. an : — 

(1) " Helps now, Lorde, and loke on us, 1 

«iBenfa(«, li»9 (Hemaint, lslf '" " 

gnde Lord, and auccour send, 1 * la lae vude attf Goaiy 
xaUata (ed. IMS, folto 4B, ed. 18BS, p. VS). (3) "0 
Lord In Mercy cut an Eye," by /. a. Jbcoot Vni, 
p. 93 (ITSSt, p. 1«S). {*) "Look down, O Lord, from 
heaven behold," by Mitt Cot, 1M1, p. £07. and thence 
in Br. Bacon, isa*, p. 6. (6) " Ah, Bod 1 from heaven 
high look down," by /. Anderxm, Hit, p. 31 (184?, 
p. SI). (6) "Ah! Lord, from heaven Thy people 
see," by Dr. J. Hunt, 18*9, p. SO. (J) "On ns, 

Lord, In mercy look," by Ur. H. MUlt, isse, p. 
119. £8) Ah 1 Ood in heaven, look down anew, 1 ' by 
Dr. Q. MttttkHU/Xd. In the Stwdost Magazine, 188(, p. 
449; and In hit Exotict, 18)4, p. 61, as "AhQod, from 
heaven look down and view." (9) **OGod, from heaven 
our troubles view," by P. W. Young, In the Family 
r,-eamry, 18M, p. «53. [J, M.J 

Ach Gott, wie manehes Herzeleid, 

Martin Moller 1 [Croaand Consolation.'] First 
appeared in the 2nd ed., Gorlita, 1387, of 
MolIer*s Meditationes Sanctorum Patrum, 
entitled "A consoling prayer wherewith a 
troubled foul, amid all the crosses and tribu- 
lations of these list troublous times, can 
sweetly comfort itself and longingly delight 
itself in the Sweet Name of Jesus Christ. 
From the Indent hymn 'Jesu dulois memo- 
ria.'" It is a very free paraphrase of the 
Bkylhm in 12 at. of 1. Lauxmann, in Koeh, 
viii. 466-468, says st. i., iv., v., s. have been 
special favourites in Germany, nnd inclines to 
ascribe the Iiymn to Moller, Wackernagel, in 
giving the teit in his D. Kirchenlied, v. p. 84, 
says that Moller, in his 1596 Manvale de Prae- 
paratione ad Mortem, gives it among those 
"compoaedby other spiritual persons" [perhaps 
as being based on the Latin], and that Conrad 
Hojer [or Canrad -Hitter, Sub-prior at Mollen- 
beck, near Rinteln on the Weser] In his Die 
fSnff Uev.pt Stacks Christlieher LeJire, Stadt- 
hageo, 1614, claims it ob his own. He thus 
jtives it under Hojer's nnuie, but says that 
Hojer probably only altered it, and reduced it 
to mure regular form. Included in many sub- 
sequent hymn-books, and recently ns No. 734 
in the Urns. L. 8., 1851. 

Translations in C, V. :— 

1. Jeans, my all, my highest good, a very free 
tr. in 7 at. of 4 1, (baaed on the version jn 
14 st, of 4 1., beginning with at, ix., " Jesu I 
du edler Briiutgam werth," included as No. 871 
in the Brtider 0. B. 1778 ;) as No. 454 in the 
Moravian H. Bk., 1789, and continued, altered, 
in later eJs, From this, 5 sts., based in order 
of sts. is., ii., vii., iv., xii, of the original, 
were given as No. 718, in Biekersteth's Christ, 
J'saltnody, 1832. In C. Wilson's Genl. Ptalinody, 

1 842, No. 893, the order of sts. is ix., it., iv., v, 

3. (rod, what manifold distress, a good tr. of 
st. i., ii., iv.,.xi., by A. T. Hassell, as No. 222, 
in his Ps. $ /fymns, 1851, Part ii. begins, " Jean, 
my I.ord and God, Thou art." 

S. Ah God, my days are dark indeed, a very food 
tr., omitting st. til., v., m the 2nd Ser, 1858, of 
Mias Winkworth^a Lyra Oer. p. 185, nnd repeated, 
as No. 136, in her C. B. for England, 1863. In 
the Ohio Luth, Hymnal, I860, st. i., ii., iv., vii., 
ix., xii., nre given as No. 41 (i. Her tr. of at- iv., 
vi., vii,, ix.-^i., beginning, " Jesus, my only Cod 
nnd Lord," were included as No. 215, in the 
Meth. If. Con. H. Bk. 1863, and the same, omit- 



ACH, UNS WIBD 

ting st. vi., as No. 300 in Holy Song, 1869. Her 
ir>. of st. viL, viii., xL, xii., slightly altered and 
beginning " Jesu, my boast, my light, my joy," 
were given as No. 507, in Kennedy, 1863, 

Other tn. are ; — 

(1) "O Lord I how maay miseries,'' by /. C. Jaedbi, 
1120, p. 11 (1TS2, p. It, 1131, p. 116}. (1} "O God, 
how many an anxious boor," as No. 235 In pt. I. of 
the Moravian M. SK IK*. 

In Bunsen's Vermeh, 1833, a greatly altered 
form of st. iii,-T., beginning, " Mein Herxenstrost 
ist Jesus Christ," was included as No. 465, with' 
ont name of adapter. Of this form the trt. 
ore : — 

(I) "Oiriat to my heart true }ay can give," good 
and mil, la Hist Cox's Sac.H. fmm Me German, isii, 
p. 18i. Thence, unaltered, as So. 11 in Alfbrd's PI. <S 
^rt., 1M*, and as No. IDS In Hook's C&. Sduiol B. Bk., 
1860. (l> u Jeaus) lplacemytruBtlnThee."by Lady 
Eleanor forteteue, 1843 (lS4if, p. w). [J. M.] 

Aoh, Jeau, dein Sterben, Awm., xviii. 
cent [Pawfon-tide.'] Included as No. 281 
in the VoWtommenm SchleeieeheM Kireken Q. 
B„ Breslau, 1727 (Preface, Oct. 1, 1703), and 
repeated as No. 451 in Burg's Bredau Q. £., 
1T46, in 3 at. of 4 I„ entitled "Dying to 
Sin through the Death of Jesus," and repeated 
as No. 83 in the Urn). L. S., 1851. The tr. 
" Ah Jesus, the merit,'' hy Miss Winkworth, 
appeared in the 2nd Ser., 18*8, of her Lura 
Oer. p. 32, and thence, as No. 50, in her 
O. B. for England, 1863, [J. M.] 

Aoh I lehre raiah. ein. Kindlein sein. 

[Children.'] Included as No, 41 in the Evan- 
geli$ches Kinder O. B., Basel, 1867, in 7 st. of 
4 1., as by Emma Neustetel. The only tr. 
is, " O that I wero a little child," iu full, in 
Mrs. Sevan's Song» of Praite, 1859, p. 145, and 
thence, ns No. 44, in J. E. Clarke's Children'* 
H. H. Bk. a 1860. [J. M.] 

Aoh! treiuorGot^haJrmheirzlgBHera, 

P. Gerhardt [Oross and Consolation.] Founded 
on a prayer " for patience under great trial," 
No. xiv. in Class iii. of J. Arndt's Parodies- 
gSrtlein, 1612. Appeared in Criiger*s Praxis 
yietaUt metdea, Frankfurt, 1656, No. 381, in 
16 st.of 7 1., and included in many subsequent 
hymn-books, as recently iu the Uhe. L. 8., 
1851, No. 693; also in Wackemagel's ed. 
of his Geittliche XAeder, No. 57 ; Baehmann's 
ed., No. 80. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, God most fane, most mercifal 1 — A good tr. 
of st. !., iv,, v., x., by A. T. Russell, as No. 224, 
in his Ps. and Hys* 1851, and thence, altered and 
beginning, " O God of mercy full and free," as 
No. 665, in Kennedy, 18G3. 

1. faithful God 1 O pttyinf heart, a good (/•., 
omitting St. iii., is., xi., xiii., xv., in the 2nd 
Ser. 1858, of Miss Winkwoith's Ljfl-a Get. p. 182, 
and thence, in the Gilman-Schaff, Lib. of Ii. J\ 
ed. 1883, p. 837. The trs. of St. x., xii., xiv., 
xvi., beginning, " O Thou, who dicdst to give us 
life," appear as No. 327, hi Ch. Praise, 1883. 

8. Ah! faithful Hod, Gompasaionata heart, by 
/. Kelly, 1867, p. 169. [J. M.] 

Aeh, una wird das Hera so leer. 

C. J. P. Spitta, [Longing for Heaven.] 1st 



ACQUAINT THEE 

pub. in the First Series, 1833, of his Psalter 
xmd flijr/e, p. 131, in 6 st. of 4 ]., entitled 
" Homesickness." Tr. as : — 

Ah I this tout u voM aad ohill,-r-A good tr., 
omitting st. v., by Mia. Findlater in the 2nd 
Ser., 1B55, of the H. L. L. (ed. 1862, p. 110, 
1884, p, 86). Included, slightly altered, and 
omitting st. ii., as No. 455, in the Pennsylvania 
lath. Cft. BK, 1868. In V7. B. Bradbury's Golden 
Shouer, N. T. 1800 (ed. 1870, p. 158) the trs. of 
et. ii., vi., are rewritten, and a chorus added. 
St. i. t ii., iv. of this form, with the chorus, were 
included as No. 1279, in Kobinson's S. for the 
Saiultuary, 1865, and, as No, 1048, in the Bapt. 
Praise Bk. 1871. 

Other tii. in : — 

(1) "Hungering, thirsting as we go," by Mitt JVjp, 
1SSS, p. IT. (2) "Ah! how empty is the heart," by Ji. 
Hattii, i860, p, 131. [J. M,] 

Acquaint thee, O mortal. W. Knox. 
[Invitation."} The opening lines of this hymn 
are: — 

" Acquaint thee, O mortal 1 
Acquaint tbee with (iod. 
And Joy, like the sunshine, 

Shall beam on thy road. 
And peace, like the dew-drops, 

Shall ftll on thy bend; 
And visions, like angels, 
Shall visit thy bed?' 

Ab a hymn on " Heavenly Wisdom," and 
bused on Job xxii. 21, 27-28, it appeared in 
his Harp of Zion, 1825, in 3 st. of 8 1. It 
was also repeated in his Poems, 1847, p. 102, 
where it is said in a footnote to have been 
" written for Mr. Pettet." The uso of this 
hymn in G. Britain is very limited. In 
Kennedy, 1863, No. 1140, it is given as, " Ac- 
quaint thee, mu child, acquaint thee," &c In 
America, as in Kobinson's S. for the Sanctuary, 
1865, 2nd ed., 1872, No, 504, and others, it is: 
— "Acquaint thyself quickly, Sinner," &c, 
and, in common with nearly every collection, 
the second stanza of the original is omitted. 
This stauita reads : — 

" Acquaint thee, mortal ! 

Acquaint thee with God, 
And the prayer et thy spirit 

Shall reach His abode j 
And the wish of thy bosom 

Shall rise net Eu vain ; 
And His favour shall nourish . 

Thy heart like the rata." 

This hymn is also Bometimes in C. U.as: — 
" Acquaint thee, O Spirit, acquaint theo with j 
God, ns in Longfellow and Johnson's Bk. of \ 
IFi/mnt, Boston, 1846, and later cds. [J. J.] 

Ad eelebres, Bex ooelioe, laudee 
ouneta. [St. Michael and All Angeli.'] A 
Notkerion Sequence for the Feast of St. 
Michael. Daniel, ii., p. 2-t,givesonly the first j 
five words, referring to nss. formerly belong' 
ing to the monastery of St. Emmemm at Bat is- 
bou. These mss., which are now st Munich, 
belong to the 11th and 12ih centuries. The 
full text is in n 12th cent. ms. in the Br'dUh 
Mwewm (Add. 110139, f. 53); in Dankl, v. pp. 
93, 94, in Kehrein, p. 135, and in Mone, i. p. 
454. Also in the Missals of &trum, York and 
Hereford as a seq. on that festival. In vol. ii. 
of the reprint of the York Missal, pub. by the 
Surtees Society, 1872, will be found, p. 310, the 



AD OOENAM 



II 



variations of a its. of Ptobcb and Sequences 
in the Bodleian Library, No. 775, written in 
the reign of Ethelred, sometime between the 
years a.». 994 and 1017. This last is the 
oldest form in which it is found. Mone, t, 
p. 455, gives the full text and a great variety 
of readings from mss. at Munich and Stuttgart, 
of the 11th cent., &c., together with short notes 
on portions of the text. Daniel, v. p. 93, re- 
peats Mone'* references. They ore also repeated 
with additions in Kehrein, No. 168. 

[W. A. S.] 

Translations in C.U. ;— 

1. To celebrate Thy pralsa, Kin*; of heaven, 
by C. B, Pearson, in the Sarum Missal m English, 
1868, p. 447, After revision it was reprinted 
in his Sarum Sequences, 1871, p, 119, ns "To 
give Thee glory, Heavenly King." 

4, Te give Thee glory, Heavenly King, — No. 374, 
in the Jfymnary, is a cento from Mr. Pearson's 
tr., with alterations made by the editors with 
the translator's permission. 

Ad coenam Agrxl providi. [Easter.'] 
This hymn is sometimes ascribed to St. Am- 
brose, but is not intorted among his un- 
doubted compositions, by the Benedictine 
editors (see Migne's Patrol., torn. 17; tho 
fourth of the works of St. Ambrose). The 
original text, with that revised for use in tho 
Pom. Brev., "Ad regias agni dapes," is given 
in Daniel, i., No. 81 ; with various readings 
from the Collections of Cassander, and other 
authorities. It isheaded"HyinnnBl > uschaW' 
£"A hymn for Easter-tide "). In Mone, 
it U No, 161 from mss. at Lichtentbal of the 
13th and 14th centuries, and from others ot 
later date. He gives a long note embracing 
various readings, references, and criticism. 
Much of this is repeated in Daniel, iv. 73, who 
also gives readings from Rheinuu mss. of tho 
10th and 11th cent, and at iv. p. 353, readings 
from a lis. of the 9th cent., at Bern. It is 
also found in a 11th cent. us. in the British 
Museum (Jul. A. vi., f. 48.), and is printed 
from a Durham ns, of the 11th cent., in the 
Latin }Iys. of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 1851, 
p. 82. In the Junius its. of the 8th and 9th 
cents, it is No. xxi. The &ir«in Brev. text is 
in the Hymn. Sarisb., Lond., 1851, p. 99, and 
various readings arc added from Euglish 
Monnstia Uses, including those of jyorcester, 
St. Alban's, Canterbury, &c, and in Biggs's 
Annotated ed. of H. A. tfc M., 1867.) 

Concerning its use we would n(M that from Low 
Sunday [1st after Easter] till the Vigil of the Ascension 
it was the proper Venter hymn in the .Varum rind iVrifc 
uses, and is also so found in oilier English breviaries, 
Saturdays excepted (when " Chonis novae ItlerTisalein " 
wan sung) whenever no frost of Apostle or patron &mit 
interrupted the ordinary coarse of tbe liister Reason, 
There Is no tloxology, for according to .<&rum and Yttyk 
the last 2 verses of " Jesu Siilvator Koeculi " wcru di- 
rected to be sung at the end of all hymns of that metre 
[Saturdays excepted]. 

Passing from its history, text, and use, to 
the hymn itself, its design, and teaching arc 
well brought out by tlio following writers :— 

In a curious work which gives interpreta- 
tions of hymns, mystical and otherwhe, en- 
titled " Er.pnsitin Himnorwn cum notalili 



12 



AD OOENAM 



eommento, Cdhniae apud HenruMtn (Jtleri- 
teU, 1492 " (many other editioaB in tbe 15th 
and early part of the 16th centuries; one 
without a date may be older than the above. 
See Daniel, i. p. xvt, and No. 81. The writer's 
name was Hilariti*), we find concerning this 
composition : 

" The mutter of this hymn Is that tbe author calls ni 
to tbe banquet of that Limb Who taketb away tbe sini 
of the work! : that Is, to receive the Body and Blood of 
the Lord, of whom ft is written that he who receivetb 
the Body of Christ unworthily eateth and driuketh 
damnation to himself; but he who doth so worthily 
Bath eternal lift: but we unplaced 'ad commit Agni 
prtmidi ' (at the banqnet of the Lamb as those who Me 
prepared). 

The allusion i* to those who were solemnly 
baptized and clothed in white garments on 
Easter Eve, and admitted to Holy Communion 
on the following day. 

Dr. Neale works out this allusion to the 
newly baptized and their white garments in 
his Short Commentary on fAe Hymnal N., 
18SS, part i,, pp. 26-27, where he says: — 

" In order to understand this hymn, we must know 
for whom it was written. It was the custom of the 
euriyChurch that Baptism should he solemnly adminis- 
tered to many eotecatuunt, that is, persons who bad 
been under instruction and preparation for it, on Easter 
Eve. This hymn then refers hi the first place to them 
. , , I*e Iamb's JM0A banquet toe await* These newly 
baptised persons were now for tbe first time about to 
receive the Holy Communion, and therefore truly 
waiting for that high banquet, 'In enov-^ohiU robtt ' 
[the ' Et stolia alble oandidi 1 of the original], because, at 
Baptism, a white garment was given to tbe persona 
baptised, with words like these : ' Take this white 
vesture for a token of the innocence which, by God's 
grace, in thla holy Sacrament of Baptism, is given unto 
thee aud for a sign w hereby tbon art admonished, so long 
as thou livest, to give thyself to innocency of living, that 
after this transitory life thon mayeat he partaker of life 
everlasting."' 

The chrisom-robea were worn from Easter Eve 
till Low Sunday (all the week-days of the octave are 
marked in AJbis in the Soeramentary of S. Gregory), 
for which the ancient name was *Itomlnica in altna 
denosttla,' as In the Ambrostan Jftnoi, or, shortly, 
' Dominica In Albis, 1 because on this day the newly 
baptized first appeared without toe ehrfeonts, or white 
robes, which they had worn every day since their bap- 
tism on Easter Eve. [V.] 

Translations In C. U. :— 

1. At the Qraat Buster of the Lamb, From the 
SarwA Brev. by W. J. Blew. 1st printed on a 
ny*aheet for use in his chnrch, cir. 1850, and 
then pub. in his Hy. and Tune Bk., 1852, with 
music, in 4 St. of 4 1. This waa repeated in 
Mr. Rice's Sel, from that work, 1870, No. 52. 

t, Tha Lamb's high banquet stands displayed, 
[we await], By J. M. Neale. The first reading 
"stands displayed" was given in the original 
prospectus of the Hymnal iV., Feb., 1851. In the 
ficclesiotagist of April, 1851, the tr. reading 
"The Lamb's high banquet tre aitait," ap- 
peared in full, and in 1852 it waa repeated 
in the Hymnal N., Ho. 29, with St. i. 1. 2, 
"royal" for "festal state:" and St. ii. 1. a 
" tasting of" for « tasting there." From the 
Hymnal S. it passed into the People's H., 1867, 
No. 117, unaltered ; with the omission of st. iti. 
into Skinner's Daily Service H., 1864, No. 131, 
and again into other collections. 

8, The Lamb's high banquet oalled ta ahan. 
This tr. is well known through //, A. and M. 
It is Dr, Neale's tr. altered by the compilers. 
Referring to the use niiule by the editors of 



AD LATJDEB 

various hymnals of hia numerous Irs., Dr. Neale 
wrote in the Preface to his Med. Hys., 2nd ad., 
1863, p. vi., with a special reference to this tr. 
and the H. A. and M. alterations: — 

" In some instsnees I thsnkfully acknowledge them . 
[tbe alterations) to be improvements ; In some, I think 
that, had the reproducers studied the Commentaries of 
Cffcatoeeur and Hebristentis, they would have left the 
original as it was. I will give an example or two : In 
the (lotions Ad Ooenam Agni previdi, tbe last word of 
the first line is undoubtedly the nominative esse plural— 

* The Lamb's high banquet we aviait,' 

as it Is In the Symndt Noted. But m most reproduc- 
tions that line Is altered, I suppose from tbe editors 
either not seeing or not believing that tbe adjective 
applies to ourselves, not to tbe Lam. Again, In tlie 
same hymn, ' Cruore ejus rosea,' Is tranelated by i — 

• And tasting of IBs roseate Blood.' 

" The epithet is everywhere altered to crmwn, be- 
cause the editors did not see Its force. The poet would 
tell us that, though one drop of our Lord's Blood waa 
sufficient to redeem the world, 

('Cujus una stllla salvum racere 
Totum muudum quit ab omni acelere,' 

as S. Thomas says,) yet out of the greatness of His love 
to us He would abed all. As everyone knows, the last 
drainlngs of life-blood are not crimson, but an of a far 
paler hue : strictly speaking, roseate. Change tbe word, 
and you eliminate tbe whole idea." 

In his Short Commentary on the Hymnal iK, 
Dr. Neale gives the fact that Christ is the JVim 
Hose as a second reason for the word roseate. 

In the revised ed. of H. A. and if., 1875, this 
latter alteration is amended, and the line reads : 
"And tasting of His precious blood;" 

a new departure, which, we doubt not, Dr. Neale 
would have been alow to accept, 

4. The lamb's high banquet tailed to thai*, 

No. 277 in the Hymnary is a cento, mainly from 
E, Caswell's rendering of " Ad regis* Agni 
dapes ; " but there are a few lines from Dr. Scale 
as above in st. i., ii. and iv. 

t. Tha Stepper of the Lamb to than. By Mrs. 

Charles, from the old text in Daniel, i. 87, ap- 
peared in her Voice of Christian Life tit Song, 
1858, p. 103, in 7 st. of 41. This was included in 
Mercer, Ox. ed. t 1864, with the omission of st. ii., 
and the addition of a doxology, and in SchalFs 
Christ in Song, 1870, p. 186, unaltered. 

Translation* not fu C. Tf. i— 
1. At sapper of the Lamb prepared. Primer, ISM. 

5, At Una High Feast the Lamb hath matte. Cham- 
beri, t. Its. 

s. The Paschal Feast, not girt with night. JEVnotion, 
188& [J. J.] 

This hymn has also been rendered into 
German, and again from the German into 
English thus : — 



a tr. in 

8 its. of 4 1., by Christian Knorr von Roseuroth, 
let pub. in his Newer Helicon, Nurnberg, 1684, p. 
129, and included as No. 118 ill freylmghaasen'i 
G. Jr., 1704. The onlyfr. is "Come now to tbe 
Lamb's Feast," as No. 190 in the Appendix of 
1743 to the Moravian II. Bk., 1743 (1754, pt. i., 
No. 220). [J. MJ 

Ad laudea Salvatoris. [Fast. Com, of 

Bp.&Conf.'] Text in Wackernagel, i. No, 255, 
from the Lnbeck Missal, c. 1480, and others. 
Neale's ftequenti* ex Mistalibxtt, p. 281, from 
the Missals of Utrecht, 1513, and Salzbnrg, 
1515, where it occurs a* a Seij, for the Feast of 



AD PEBENNI8 

it Bishop & Confessor, ns may be sroo from 
various passages in the hymn ; though Neale 
styles it a Btq. for the Common of a Confessor 
nata Bithop. Daniel, v. p. 149, quotes tho text 
from Neale. In .K«fcre»B it is No. 465. 

£W. A. S.] 
Translation in C. U. : — 

ye who feu, yet fearing lone, wis made for 
and 1st pub. in the People's H., 1867. No. 21B 
ns a hymn " Common for Priests." It is by " S. 
M." i.e. Sisfe,- Miriam. 

Ad perennis vitae fontem mens ei- 

tivit arida. Card. Peter Damiani. [The 
Heavenly Citji.] 1. The earliest form of this 
great poem on tlie "Glory of Paradise," is 
found m tho Liber MedHaHonum, usually as- 
cribed to St. Augustine, and because of its 
presence therein, it is often given as his. 
The Benedictine editors of St. Augustine's 
Works, however, included it under protest; 
und Archbishop Trenoh disposes of tliesa 
claims in the following emphatic manner : — 



AD HEGIAS 



13 



" This poem has been often attributed to Augustine, 

ViUU 

cribed to blm. These Meditaiionee, however, are plainly 



finding 



does in tbe Jlfcdttationes, long as- 



a cento from Anselm, Gregory tbe Great, and man; 
others besides Auguetlne ; from whom they are Tightly 
adjudged sway In the Benedictine ed;, as Indeed in 
earlier as welt. The hymn Is Dainianr*, and quite the 
noblest he has left ue. Sac. tot. Poetry, IS4S, p. we, 
2nded.iset, p. 136. 

2. Following the Benedictine editors, and 
anticipating Archbishop Trench, Cajetan in- 
cluded the poem in vol. iii. of his ed. of Da- 
miani'a Works, with tho title "Petri Damiani, 
Gardinalis Ostreusis, ex dictis beat! Augustini, 
Hympus de Gloria Paradisi." (Petri iJamiani 
Opera, pars iii., 915-918, ed. Domini Canstan- 
tint Cajetanf) [Borne, 1606-1615, vol. iv. in 
1640; Lyons, 1623; Paris, 1612 and 1643.] 

3. Daniel, 1841-1856, gives the full text in 
vol. i. pp. 114-117, as from certain editions 
of tho works of St. Augustine ; at Strasburg, 
1480 ; Venice, 1728 ; and adds that it is also 
found in Fabricius, Earabaeh, and others. 
Notes on tbe text are also added. He supplies 
corrections and additions in vol. ii. p. 882; 
iii. p. 281, and iy. pp. 203-4. 

4. It is also given, in every case with notes 
and various readings, in Du MeHl, 1843, 
p. 131. Mone, i. p. 422. Trench, 1849,p. 296. 
Mir/net Patrol, torn. 149, col. 861-864, and 
many others. One of tbe moat interesting re- 
prints is Dr. Kynaston's, The Glory of Para- 
dise. A Bhythmieal Hymn, bu Peter Damiani, 
ed. with translation. LontL, F. Fellosves, 
Ludgate Street, 1857. 

Translations in C. U. ;— 

1, On the fount of life eternal, — By E. Caswall, 
1st pub. in bis Masque of Mary, 1868, and again 
in his Hymns $ Poems, 1873, pp. 214-218, in 
20 st. of 6 1. From this two centos have been 
compiled (1) beginning with the opening st* in 
the Hynmary, No. 614, and consisting of st. i., 
Hi., v., Tiii, ix., xv., xvii., iii., and ii., with 
slight alterations. (2) "Who can paintthat 
lovely city," in the E. C Hys. for the Tear, 
No. 51. This is composed of st. iii., v., vi., vii., 
and iii., also slightly altered. 

a. Fai tbe Fount of life eternal, I* mj thirsting, 



Sic. — No. 484, in the PMpte's II., is a cento ar- 
ranged by Dr. Littledsie for that collection, 1867, 
from trs, by Wackerbartb, 1846 ; Neale, Joys 
and Glories of Paradise, 1865, with additions 
from his own translation in Lyra Mystica, 1865. 

5, For the Fount of life eternal, thitstily, *e. — 
By the Rev. J. Dayman, 1st pub. in the Sarnin 
H., 1668, Kb. 320," in 13 st. of G 1. 

franslatdens net in 0. IT. :— 

1. My thirsty soul desires her drought. Aittpt. puo. 
In The Song of Mary the Mother o/ chritt, fcc, 1601 ; 
reprbited In part by the Paiker Sue. In tiel. p. e/ the 
reian of Q. JftieabelKi and In Dr. Hollar's Jftio Jem* 
tafem, 1855!, from a MS. In the Brit. AIus. 

i. My heart sa hart for water thirsts. Sylvester, 1631, 

3. Unto tbe spring of purest life. In tbe Meditation/, 
Sotilaquia, and Manual of the Glorious Uoetor, £, 
Juyuitin. Parte, IBM, 

*. For life eternal's living spring. S. Avgustin'iOm- 
tetsiant, lets, given in some copies as translated by 
Abraham Woodnead. 

6, For life's Eternal, Ae, WotterbarlJi, IMS. 

6. Yearningly my fond heart tblrsteth.&c. ; J. Bank*, 
In bis Jfugac, 1854 ; and previously la tbe 0ivrchman'e 
Companion, 1B4S. 

y. For the Fount of living waters panting. Kymiton, 
185J. 

8. IniheFountof life,&c. Mrs. Charles, 185S. 

9. For tbe tfcnwt of living waters. Kynatton t iB9fl. 

10. For the Fount of life eternal. Neale as above, ISM. 

11. FortbeFouotoflKeetemal. /,itfWale, 18S5. 
13. For Ufe'e Eternal spring. Morgan, 1871. 

13. The mind atbirst pants for the fount, R. B. Bos* 
ma's Ps. <t Mys., 183S. [J, J,] 

Ad regias Agni dapes. The Bomau 
Breviary version of the Ambrosinn Ad coenam 
Agni providi, above. It is the hymn at Ves- 
pers, " Sabbato in Albis," i.e. on Saturday in 
Basterrweek, and afterwards on Sundays and 
week-days, when no Festival occurs and tht 
Ferial Office is said, till the first Vespers of 
the Ascension. In addition to the ordinary 
editions of the Rom. Brev. the text is given iu 
several modem Itoman (Jatholio hymnals. 
Card. Newman's Hymni Eecl, 1838-65; 
Biggs's Annotated ed. of Ii. A. & X., 1867; 
Daniel, i. No 81, &c. [W, A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, In garnunU dignt of virgin white. By W. 
J. Copeland. 1st pub. in his Hys. for the Week, 
1848, p. 81. In its original form it is not iu 
C. U. ; except in Hijs. and Intro&i, 1852, No. 70, 
but as " Now at the Lamb's high royal feast" it 
was given in Murray's Hymnal, 1852, Mo. 57, and 
later collections. The opening line was borrowed 
from £. Caswall's tr. as under. 

a. Bow at the Lamb's high royal feast, By E. 

Caswall, iu his Lyra CatAolica, 1849, p. 94, and 
again in his Hys. and Poems, 1873, p. 53, in 7 st. 
of 4 I. This is the tr. usually found in Roman 
Catholic hymn-books. An altered form of this 
in 4 st. is No. 52 in the Irvingite Hys. for the 
Use of the Churches, 1864, beginning " Guest s at 
the banquet of the Lamb." 

3. At the Lamb's Xffb. Feast we sin*. By E, 
Campbell, written ia 1849 [a MSS.J and 1st 
printed in his collection commonly known as 
the St. Andrea's Hymnal, 1850, in 4 st. of 8 1. 
In the original MS3. the first two lines are 
added as a refrain to each verse, but arc omitted 
in the printed text. Cooke and Denton's Hymnal 
was the first to bring it into prominent notice, 
although in an altered form which has been 
copied by many compilers. Its use exceeds that 



u 



AD TEMPLA 



of all other trs. of the "Ad Regias Agn!" put 
together ; being found in h more or less correct 
form, in the most important collections of the 
Ch. of England. Many of the alterations in 
//. A. and M., Church Ays., Thrmg, and others 
date from Cooke and Denton's Hymnal, 1853, the 
Salisbwy II. Bk., 1857, and others. Another 
arrangement of Campbell's teit is, " To the 
Lamb's High Feast we press," given in Bev. 
Francis Pott's Coll., 1861, No. 90. 

4. At the lamb's right royal taut. By J. A. 
Johnston. 1st pub. in the 2nd ed. of his Engihh 
Hymnal, 1856, No. 117, and repeated in the 3rd 
ed., 1861. It is an imitation, in the same metre, 
of B. Campbell's (r., and takes the placa of John- 
ston's tr." Now at the bsnqnet of the Iamb," 
in L.M., which appeared in the 1st ed. of the 
English Hymnal, 1852, No. 110. 

5. The Bananet of the Lamb la laid, By It. C. 
Singleton, made for and first pub. in his Angli- 
can II. Bk., 1868, No. 119, 

5. We heap the Festival. By A. JR. Thompson, 
contributed to Schaffa Christ in Song, 1869. 

7. Own*, Join the Singly Banquet free. By F. 
Trappes, in his Liturgical Hys., n. d., (1865), in 
8 "st. of 4 1. In 1871 at. i.-v. and viii. were 
given as a hymn in 3 st. of 81. in Hys. and Carol), 
Church Siaters' Home, St. John's Wood, 1871. 

Translations not in C. U. I — 

1. At the Lamb's regal banquet where. Manual ef 
rrayeri and lAtaniw, 1080. 

1. From pnrnle seas and land of toll. Primer, lfo«. 

a. Now at the Lamb's imperial Ptast Bp. Mant, 
lest. 

4. Fjused the Bed and angry sen. Bp- Williams, 
1B45. 

6. The Red Sea now is passed. Kate, IMO. 

s. In garments bright of saintly white. Horicon, 
issl. 

1. Come to the Lamb's right royal feast. Wallace, 
1ST*. 

8. Slag, for the dark Red Sea is past. 11. N. Oxenham, 
im, [J, J.] 

Ad templa, nos rursus vocat, Charles 
Coffin. [Sunday Morning.'] In hia Htfmni Sacri, 
p. 8, ed. Paris, 1736, under the heading Die 
Dominica ad Laudes MdUdinas. In the re- 
vised Paris Brev. of the Abp. Oiiarles de Yin- 
timille, 1736, it is the hymn for Sunday at 
Lauds ; ne also in the Lyons and other modern 
Frenoli Breva. Text as above, and in Card. 
Newman's Hymni Bed. 1838, p. 2. [W. A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, Horsing lifts her dewy vail, by I. Williams, 
1st pub. in the British Mag. 1834, vol. v. p. 38, 
in 9 St. of i I., and again in his Hymns tr. from 
the Paris Brev., 1839, p. 3, and later editions. 
The following: — 

V, Vow morning lifts her dewy veil, is by J. 
Chandler, who, in his Preface to his Hymns of 
the Prim, Church, 1837, in which it appeared, 
thus alludes thereto : — 

" I have ventured to take the greatest psrt of the 3nd 
hymn from the translation in the ' British Idagaslne/ 
which, notwithstanding toe alterations I have made In it, 
still shines forth as the work of an evidently superior 
band." p.tx. 

This tr. has attained to a more extensive use 
than any other. It is given in Mercer, ed. 1864, 
No. 136, and Sarum, 1668, No. 293, in ita full 
form. The most popular arrangement is that 



ADABI OF ST. VICTOR 

of Chope, 1864, No. Ill, Thring's Coll., 1882, 
Ho. 9, and otheTS, with omission of st. vii., viii., 
and some alterations, 

5, Again the Sunday morn, by E. Caswall, ap- 
peared in hia Lyra Oatholica, 1849, p. 293, and 
again in his Hymns and Poems, 1873, p. 223. 
In its original form its use is very limited, but 
as: — 

t, Again the holy mom, it is given in several 
collections, including the Hymnary, 1872, No. 7, 
Hys. $ Carols, n. d., No. 15, the Roman Catholic 
Hys. for the Year, n. d., No. 83, and many others. 
Another form based upon Caswall's tr. is: — 

C, Whan first the world sprang forth, in Ken- 
nedy, 1863, No. 701. It is probably by the 
editor, and is not found elsewhere. 

6, Again the dawn gives warning meet. By 
Dr. Rorison, 1st pub. in his Hys. and Anthems, 
1851, p. 10, in 4 st. of 8 1. and 1 st, of 4 1. It 
is repeated in ]ater editions. 

Translation net in 0. V. :— 

Oncc more the beams of orient tight. Chambers, lflST. 

[J. J-] 

Adfun descended from above. C. 

Wesley. [Lent.] 1st pub. in hia Short Hymns, 
Sea., 1762, vol. i., No, 1044, but omitted from 
the2o.ded.,1794. Itwasincludedinthe Fes. 
H. Bk., 1780, and U retained in the revised 
ed. of 1875, No. 129 (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. 
is. p. 415). Another hymn by C. Wesley, 
beginning : — " Adam, descended from above, 
Thou only canst," &c., was pub. from his mss. 
Hymns on the Four Gospels, in P. Works 
of J. and C. Wesley, 1868-72, vol. JEt. p. 341, 
bnt it is not in common use, 

Adam, our father and our head. I, 
Watts. [Th» Fatt.] Appeared in his Horn 
Lyriex, 1706, in 13 st of 4 1., and entitled 
" Jesas the only Saviour." Its nse as a com- 
plete hymn is unknown. A cento therefrom 
of 5 at. was given in Eippon's Bapt. Sel., 
1787, No. 38, composed of at i., ii., iv., v., 
and vii. This has passed into common use 
to a very limited extent. 

Adam of St. Victor. Of the life of this, 
the most prominent and prolific of the Latin 
hymnists of the Middle Ages, very little is 
known. It is even uncertain whether he was 
an Englishman or a Frenchman by birth. He 
is described by the writers nearest to his own 
epoch, aa Brito, whioh may indicate a native 
of either Britain, ox Brittany, AD that is cer- 
tainly known concerning him is, that about a j>. 
1130, after having been educated at Paris, he 
became, ns quite a young man, a monk in iho 
Abbey of St. Victor, then in the suburbs, but 
afterwards through the growth of that city, 
included within the walls of Paris itself. In 
this abbey, which, especially at that period, 
was celebrated as a school of theology, he 
passed the whole of the rest of his lira, and 
iu it he died, somewhere between the years 
1172 and 1192 a.d. Possessed of " the pen 
of a ready writer," he seems to have occupied 
his life in study and authorship. Numerous 
as are the hymns and sequences satisfactorily 
proved to have been written by him, which 
have come down to us, there would seem to be 



ADAM OF ST, VICTOR 

little doubt that many more may Irave perished 
altogether, 01 are extant without his name 
attaching to them; while he was probably 
the author of several prose works as well. 
His Sequences remained in us. iu the care 
and custody of the monks of their author's 
Abbey, until the dissolution of that religions 
foundation at the Revolution ; but Gome 37 of 
them, having found their way by degrees into 
more general circulation, were pub. l>y Olich- 
toveus, a Roman Catholic theologian of the 
first half of the 16th cent, in his Elucida- 
(ori'uin Ecclesiastieum, which passed through 
bovutoI editions from 1516 to 1556, at Parts, 
Basel and Genova. Of the rest of the 106 
Hymns and Sequences that we possess of 
Adam's, the largest port— some 47 remaining' 
unpublished — were removed to the National 
Library in the Louvre at Paris, on the de- 
struction of tho Abbey. There they were 
discovered by M. Leon Gautier, the editor 
of the first complete edition of them, Paris, 
1858. 

The subjeots treated of in Adam's Hymns 
and Sequences may be divided thus : — 

Christmas, T ; Circumcision, l ; Eister, St Ascension, i ; 
Pentecost, 6 ; Trinity, 2 ; tho Dedication of a Church, 4 ; 
B.Y. M., 11; Festivals of Saints, 63; The Invention 
oT the Cross, 1; The Exaltation of the Crow, 1; Oil the 
Apostles, 3 ; Evangelists, 2 ; Transfiguration, 2. 

Although all Adorn of St. Victor's Sequences 
were evidently written for use in the services 
of his church, and were, doubtless, so used in 
his own Abbey, it is quite uncertain how many, 
if any, of them were used generally in the 
Latin Church. 

To the lover of Latin hymns the works of 
this author should not be unknown, and pro- 
bably are not ; hut they are far less generally 
known than the writings should be of one 
whom such an authority as Archbishop Trench 
describes as " the foremost among the sacred 
Latin poets of the Middle Ages." His prin- 
cipal merits may be described as comprising 
terseness and felicity of expression ; deep and 
accurate knowledge of Scripture, especially 
its typology; smoothness of versification; 
richness of rhyme, accumulating gradually as 
ho nears the conclusion of a Sequence ; and a 
spirit of devotion breathing throughout his 
work, that assures the reader that his work is 
" a labour of love." An occasional excess of 
alliteration, which however at other times he 
uses with great effect, and a disposition to 
overmuch "playing upon words," amounting 
sometimes to " punning," together with a de- 
light in heaping up types one upon another, 
till, at times, he succeeds in obscuring his 
meaning, are the chief defects to be set against 
the many merits of his style. Amongst the 
most beautiful of his productions may be men- 
tioned, perhaps, his Juetindare jdeot fidelis ; 
Veibi vere jutstoniftfi ; Potestale non natrtra ; 
Stola regni laureates ; Meri mwnoVs er.nltavit ; 
Laudes cruets alloUanw* (Neale considers this 
44 perhnps, his masterpiece ") ; Ave, Virgo it'n- 
gularis; Salve, Mater Salvatoris; Animemur 
ad agonem; and Vox sonora Dotlri chori. 
Where almost all are beautiful, it is difficult, 
and nlinost invidious, to make a selection. 

Of his Hymns and Sequences the following 



ADAMS, JOHN G. 



15 



editions, extracts, and translations have been 
published : — 

i. Original with Translation/ : 

(1) (Enures Poetiqttes d' Attorn de S.- Victor. Pat 
I,. GauHcr, Paris, 1858, It Is lit two vols, duodecimo, 
and contains, besides a memoir of Adam of St. Victor, mid 
iin exhaustive essay upon his writings, a 16th cent. tr. 
into French of seme 46 of the ecqs,, and full notes upon 
the whole series of them. (2) Me Liturgical Poetry of 
Adam, of St. Titter, /rout the text of Gautier, with trt. 
into English in the original metres, and thort explana- 
tory notes bp IHgby H. Wrawghtmi, M.A., St. John's 
Colt., Oxford, Hear of Darrinpton, Yorlahite, 3 vols. 
Tsnvl,, Ktgan Paul, 1BS1. (3) In addition to these cotn- 

Irteto ods., numeious specimens from the originals are 
bund in Daniel, Mont, Kiinigtfetd, Trench, Jjoftlc's 
Latin rear, Dom. Cuersnger's Anme Litwgique, de. 

ii. Translations: — 

(1) As stated before, 46 of tho Sequences are given by 
Gautier In a French tr. of the IMh cent. (2) In English 
we hove trt. of the whole series by Digby & lrVrangham 
in his work as above ; 11 by Dr. JVeale in Mttd. Ifytnnm 
16, more freely, by D. T. Morgan in his figs, and other 
Petti;/ of thz fjttm Church ; and one or more by Mis. 
diaries, Mrs. Chester, C. & Cslverloy, and the Hers. C. 
B. Pearson, K A. Dayman, E. Caswull, K. F. IJttledale, 
and I>ean Plumptre. Trose fri. ore also given in tho 
Itcv. Dom Laurence Sboplicru'e tr. into English of Dom 
Gueranger T s worts. 

iii. EnglitHi Vie: — 

From the general character of (heir metrical construc- 
tion, It has not been possible to any great extent to 
, utilise these very beautiful compositions in the services 
of the Anglican Church. The following, however, are 
I from Adam of St. Victor, and are fully annotated in this 
| work:— (l)inff. A. A Jf.,Noe, 64 and 434 (psrtly) ) (2) 
in the Rymnary, Nos. 210, 213, 324, 380, 3S2, 403,418) 
(3) in the People's B-, 215, 217, 3M ; and (*) '" Skinner's 
Vaily Service IT., 236. [£). S. W.] 

Adami, Johann Christian, b. Jan. 13, 
1062, at Luckau, Brandenburg, graduated 
h.a., nt the University of Wittenberg, 1681, 
became diaeonus, 1684, and pastor, 1*591, at 
Luckau ; from 1711 pestor primarius at Liibben, 
whero lie d. May 12, 1715. 

His 26 hymns appeared tn tl\&l£vanffcliicheszion,oder 
voUsttindigct O. fl.,Lclpiig and I.Bbben, 1120, ti. by bis 
son, for use in the &iederlaugit£ (Bode, p. 33; iVrtiel's 
A. IT., vol. i., pt. 1., p. 44 ; JGcher's Gclehrteit Lexicon, 
1TS0, vol. 1., col. 88). One has been tr., vli. :— 

Tn Msf*t dn mdn Qerauthe. [Cress and Conto- 
[atton.] Included as No. lflll ia the Berlin G. L. 8., 
3S32, and as No. 239S in Knanp's En. L. 8., 1S3T (1BS5, 
JjTo, 2126). Dr. Jacobs, of Wernigcrode, informs me 
that it appeared 112s as above, p. SSS, in 7 st, or s ]. 
tills is tr, as !— 

N My soul, why this complaining, " by Miss Burling- 
batll, In the British Herald, 1886, p. 206, repeated as 
No, 33T la Beid's Praise Sk., 18T2, [J. M.] 

Adams, John, b. at Northampton, 1751 ; 
d. there, May 15, 1835. Ho was for several 
years a member of the Baptist denomination, 
but being expelled, on the ground of doctrine, 
from the chapel which he attended, he opened 
a place of worship on his own account and 
constituted himself the minister. On retiring 
from business in 1811, he removed to London, 
then to Olney, and finally returned to North- 
ampton. Several of hie hymns were printed 
in the Gospel Magazine in 1776,. Very fow, 
however, have come into general uso. 

Adams, John GreenleaC Co-editor with 
Dr. E. H. Ohapin of the Universalist Xyuuu, 
for Gfcmftan .Deration, 1846; and, alone, of tho 
Gospel Psalmist, 1861. He was b. in Ports- 
mouth, New Hampshire, 1810. The collec- 
tions named contain in each cose 16 hymns 



16 



ADAMS, JOHN Q. 



by him. They ate not, however, received 
outside his sect. The beat are : — 

1, Heavenia here, ttaltynins of gladness. [Peace.J 
Ootitri bated to the Hymns for Christian Devotion, 
1846, No. 419, in 4 st. of 4 1. 

1. G*d'» upli ! not only on lift do they lint, 
[ifinijtry o/ -iagrrtjj No. 830 in his Gospel 
Psalmist, 1861, and So. 240 in Longfellow and 
Johnson's Hys. of the Spirit, Boston. 1864. 

(F. M. BO 
Adams, John Quinoy. b. nt Brain- 
tree (afterwards called "Quiocy'), Mass., 
1767, waB a sou of President Adams. After 
graduating at Harvard College he was, from 
1791 to 1801, minister to the Netherlands, 
to England, and to Prussia. In 1806 he was 
appointed Professor of Rhetoric in Harvard 
College; in 1809 minister to Russia; 1817 
Secretary of State ; and, from 1824 to 1829, 
President of tho United States. In 1831 lie 
was elected a Member of the House of 
Representatives. Died suddenly, Feb. 21, 
1848. His high position and principle are 
well known, as also tbe incidents of his poli- 
tical life. He was a- member of the Unitarian 
body. His Memoir, by the Hon. Josiah 
Quincy, was published soon after his death, 
and alio bis Poems of Religion and Society, 
N. Y., 1848 (4th ed. t 1854). He wrote, but 
never printed, an entire Version of the Psalms, 
seventeen of which, with five hymns, were 
inserted by his pastor, Dr, Lunt, in the Chris- 
tian, Psalmist, 1841. Of these the following 
are still in use : — 

1. Sure to tho mansions of the blest. [Burial.'] 
This is part of a piece of 20 stanzas, which ap- 
peared in the Monthly Anthology and Boston 
Reekie, Jan., 1807. It is entitled "Lines addressed 
to a mother on the death of two infants, 19th 
Sept. 1803, and L9th Deer., 1806," 

S. Alas! how swift tit* moment* fly. [Time."] 
Sometimes given as " How swift, alas, the mo- 
ments fly," was written for the 200th anniver- 
sary of the First Congregational Church, 
Quincy, Sept. 29, 1839. 

8. Haikl'tiatheheirteiaplebelL [Sunday.] Of 
these Noa. 2 and 3 are found in Lyra Sac. Amer, 
and 2 in Putnam's Singers and Songs of tie 
Liberal Faith, 1875. [F. M. B,] 

Adams, Hehemlah. b. at Salem, Mass., 
Feb. 19, 1806, and graduated at Harvard, 
1826, and Andover, 1829. He was Congrega- 
tional pastor at Cambridge, 1829-1834,and of 
Essex St. Church, Boston, 1834-1870. He d. 
1878. In 1854 he published South-tide View 
of Slavery, and in 1864 he edited Church 
Pastorale. His hymns are : — 

1. Dome, take Bis offers now. [Invitation.] An 
adaptation from C. Wesley, given in his Church 
Pastorals, 1864, and repeated in the Hymns and 
8. of Praise, N. Y., 1874. 

a. Bsints 1b (lory, we together. [Praise."] This 
is also in Ch. Pastorals 1864, and the Hys. $ 8. of 
Praise, 1874, where it is said to be by "S. E. 
Mahfnkd." This name, which has led compilers 
astray for some time, is purely fictitious. 

[F. M, B.] 

Adams, Sarah, nee Flower, b. at 

Harlow, Essex, Feb. 22nd, 1805 ; d. in London, 

Aug. 14, 1848, and was buried at Harlow, 

Aug. 21, 1848. She was the younger daughter 



ADDISON, JOSEPH 

of Mr. Benjamin Flower, editor nnd proprietor 
of The Cambridge Intelligencer; and was 
married, in 1834, to William B. Adams, a civil 
engineer.^ In 1841 she pub. Vivia Perpelua, 
a dramntio poem dealing with the conflict of 
heathenism and Christianity, in which Vivia 
Perpetua suffered martyrdom; and in 1845, 
The Floek at the Fountain; a catechism and 
hymns for children. As a member of the 
congregation of the Rev. W. J. Fox, an Uni- 
tarian minister in London, she contributed 
IS hymns to tho Hys. and Anthems, pub, by 
C. Fox, Lond., in 1841, for use in bis chapel. 
Of these hymns the most widely known are — 
"Nearer, my God, to Thee," and "Hesendeth 
sun, He sendeth shower." The remaining 
eleven, most of which have come into common 
use, more especially lit America, arc : — 

1. Creator Spirit ! Thou the first. Holy (Jrfrtt. 

2. Darkness shrouded Calvary. Good Pnd&y. 

3. Gently Kill the dewe of eve, evening. 

4. Go, and watch the Autumn leaves. Avttmn. 
o. hallowed memories of toe post. Jteowries. 

5. human heart E thou hast a song, fratee. 
J. OI would sing a song of praise, Praia. 

S. O Lore I thou makest atl things oven. Ijnx. 

fl. Fartin Peace! is day before ue ? Clow of Service. 
IS. Sing to the Lord ! for Hie metciesare sure. Praise. 
11. The moumeia came at break of day. Easter. 

Mrs. Adams also contributed to Novello's 
musical edition of Songs for the Months, n. d. 
Nearly allof the above hymns are found in the 
Unitarian collections of G. Brit, and America. 
In Martinean's flf/mnso/P. and P., 1873, No. 
389, there is a rendering by her from Fe'nelon : 
— " Living or dying, Lord, I would bo Thine." 
It appeared in the Hys. and Antliems, 1841. 

Addiacott, Henry, b. at Devonport, 1806 ; 
educated for the Congregational Ministry; 
ministered to charges at, Torquay, 1837, 
Maidenhead, 1838-1843; and Taunton 1843- 
1860, and died suddenly in Liverpool, Oct. 2, 
1860. He published no volume of poems or 
hymns, and iB known to hymnology through 
hU " And is there, Lord, a cross for me," a 
pleasing production on the words " Take up 
the cross and follow Me," which he contributed 
to the New Cong., 1859, No. 650. 

Addison, Joseph, b. at Milston, near 
Amesbury, Wiltshire, May 1, 1672, was the 
son of the Rev. Lancelot Addison, sometime 
Dean of Lichfield, and author of Devotional 
Poems, &q., 1699. Addison was educ&tedat 
the Charterhouse, and at Magdalen Coll., 
Oxford, graduating B.A. 1691 and m.a. 1693. 
Although intended for the Church, he gave 
himself to the study of law and politics, and 
soon attained, through powerful influence, to 
some important posts. He was successively a 
Commissioner of Appeals, an Under Secretary 
of State, Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of 
Ireland, and Chief Secretary for Ireland. He 
married, in 17161, the Dowager Countess of 
Warwick, and d. at Holland House, Kensing- 
ton, June 17, 1719. Addison is most widely 
known through his contributions to The Spec* 
later, The Toiler, The Guardian, and The 
Freeholder. To ihe first of these he contri- 
buted his hymns. His Cato, a tragedy, is well 
known and highly esteemed. 

Addison's claims to the authorship of the 
hymns usually ascribed to him, or to certain 
of them, have been called in question on two 



ADDISON, JOSEPH 

occasions. The first was the publication, by 
Captain Thompson, of certain of those hymns 
in bis ed. of the Work* of Andrew Marvell, 
] 776, as the undoubted compositions of Mar- 
vell ; and the second, ft claim in the Athenseum, 
July 10th, 1880, cm behalf of tho Eev. Richard 
Richmond. Fully to elucidate the subject it 
■will be necessary, therefore, to give a chrono- 
logical history of the hymns as tbey appeared 
in tho Spectator from time to time. 

i. The Hittory of the Hymns in The Spectator. 
— This, as furnished in successive numbers of 
tho Spectator, is : — 

1. The first of these hymns appeared in the 
Spectator of Saturday, July 26, 1712, No. 441, 
in 4 at. of 6 1. The article in which it appeared 
was on Birine Providence, signed *'C. Tha 
hymn itself, "The Lord my pasture shall pre- 
pare," was introdaoed with these words : — 

" David has very beautifully represented this steady 
reliance on God Almighty in Ms twenty-4biid psoltn, 
which Is a kind of pastoral hymn, and filled with those 
allusions which are usual in that kind of writing As 
the poetry la very exquisite, I shall present my readers 
with the following translation or it." {Orig. Broad' 
ihtel, Brit. JfHtO 

2. The second hymn appeared in the Spectator 
on Saturday, Aug. 9, 1712, No. 453, in 13 at. of 
4 1., and forms the conclusion of an essay on 
"Gratitude.'* It is also signed "C," and b thus 
introduced : — 

* I have already obliged the public with some pieces 
of divine poetry which have fallen into my hands, and 
as they have met with the reception which they deserve, 
I snaU, from tune to time, communicate any work of 
the same nature which has not appeared in print, and 
may be acceptable tu my readers, (prig. Broadtheet, 
Brit. Jruft.) 

Then follows the hymn:— "When all Thy 
mercies, O my God." 

3. The number of the Spectator for Tuesday, 
Aug. 19, 1712, No. 4S1, is composed of three 
parts. The first is an introductory paragraph 
by Addison, the second, an unsigned letter from 
Isaac Watts, together with a rendering by him 
of Ps. 114th ; and the third, a letter from Steele. 
It is with the first two we have to deal. The 
opening paragraph by Addison is :— 

« For want of time to substitute something else In the 
Room of them, 1 am at present obliged to publish Com- 

Jdiments above my Desert In the following Letters. It 
■ no small Satisfaction, to have given Occasion to inge- 
nious Hen to employ their Thoughts upon sacred 
Subjects from the Approbation of such Pieces of Poetry 
as they have seen m my Saturday's papers. I shall 
never publish Verse on that Day but what is written 
by the sune Hand ; yet shall I not accompany tbose 
Writings with .Efe&grtttmt, but leave them to speak for 
themselves" (prig. Broadtheet, BrU. Jfw.) 

In his letter Dr. Watts, after some compli- 
ments to " Mr. Spectator," says : — 

" Upon reading the hymns that yon have published in 
some late papers, 1 bad a mind to try yesterday whether 
I could write one. The 114th Psalm appears to me an 
admirable ode, and I began to torn it into oar lan- 
guage". ..and more to the same effect^ finishing with i 
"If the following essay be not too facorrlgible, bestow 
upon it a few brlgbtenings from your genius, that I 
may leam how to write better, or write no mors. 1 ' 

The hymn which follows is — " When Israel, 
freed from Pharaoh's hand," in 6 at. of 4 1. 
Although this rendering of Ps. 114 is unsigned 
in the Spectator, its authorship is determined 
by its republication in Dr. Watts's .fttifaw of 
David, 1718. 



ADDISON, JOSEPH 



17 



4. According to the promise thas given the 
remaining hymns in the Spocttftor appeared 
tn everg case, on a Saturday. The first was : — 
" The spacious firmament on high," which ap- 
peared on Saturday, Aug. 23rd, 1712, No. 465, 
that is, four days after the promise made in the 
note to Dr. Watts's letter and hymn. It is in 
3 st. of 8 1. signed " C," and is introduced at the 
close of an essay on the proper means of strength- 
ening and confirming faith in the mind of man. 
The quotation, " The heavens declare the glory 
of God," Ps. iii. 1, be., is followed by these 
words : — 

"As such a hold and sublime manner of Thinking 
famished out my noble Hatter for an Ode, the Header 
may see it . wrongbt into the following one." (Orig, 
Broadsluet, Brit. Mil.) 

5. The next hpnn was given in the Spectator 
on Saturday, Sep, 30th, 1712, No. 480, in 10 st. 
of 4 1., and signed " O." It begins : — " How 
are Thy servants blest, O Lord," and closes an 
essay on " Greatness " as a source of pleasure to 
the imagination with special reference to the 
ocean. It is thus introduced : — 

"Great painters do not only give usLandskips of 
Gardens, Groves, and Meadows, but very often employ 
their Pencils upon Sea-Fleces. I could wish you would 
follow their example. If this Bmall Sketch may de- 
serve a Place among your Works, I shall accompany it 
with a Divine Ode, made by a Gentleman upon the Con- 
clusion of hie Travels." (prig. Bnxtdeheet, Brit. Jttuj 

The "Travels" alluded to are evidently those 
of Addison on the Continent from 1699 to 1702, 
lieferring to an incident in his return voyage, 
Lord Maeaulay, in his essay on Addison in the 
Edinburgh Eerietn of July, 1843, says: — 

"In December, 1 ISO, he embarked st Marseilles. As 
he glided along the Llgurlan coast, be was delighted by 
the sight of myrtles and olive trees, which retained thefr 
verdure under tho winter solstice. Soon, however, be 
encountered one of the black storms of the Mediter- 
ranean. The captain of the ship gave up all for loot, 
and confessed himself to a capuchin who happened to 
be on board. The English heretic, in the meantime, for- 
tified himself against the terrors of death with devotions 
of a very different hind. How strong an impression 
this perilous voyage made on htm, appears from the 
Ode, * How are Thy servants blest, O Lord ! ' which was 
long alter published in the Spectator* 1 

6. The last hymn of this series was : — " When 
rising from the bed of death." It appeared in 
the Spectator on Saturday, Oct. 18th, 1712, No. 
513, in o st. of 4 1. and signed "O." It is 
appended to a letter purporting to have been 
written by an " excellent man in Holy Orders 
whom I have mentioned more than once as one 
of that society who assist me in my specula- 
tions." The subject is " Sickness," and the 
concluding words are : — 

" It is this Series of Thoughts that I have endeavoured 
to express In the following Hymn, which I have com- 
posect during this my Sickness. 

7. Thfe whole of these hymns, including that 
by Watts, have been in common use during 
most of the past, and during the whole of 
the present century ; and although lacking 
the popularity which they once possessed, they 
are still found in the front rank in all English- 
speaking countries. They have also been trans- 
lated into various languages, including, "The 
Lord my pasture," Jjc ; " When all Thy mer- 
cies," &c. ; " The spacious firmament," &c, into 
Latin in the Rev. R. Bingham's Hymnoiogia 
Christiana Latitia, 1871, 



18 



ADDISON, JOSEPH 



ii. Addison's Claims. — Tlie claims of Addi- 
son to the authorship of five of these six hymns 
(omitting that by Dr. Watts) are not of a 
character to bo removed or explained away. 
1. First wo find tliem included in essays which 
arc acknowledged to be his and hear his recog- 
nised signatures " C." and " 0." 2. They are 
clearly by the same writer as the prose of the 
essays, and are the natural outcome and 
reproduction, in metre,of their turns of thought 
and modes of expression. 3. Tliey are all 
Saturday hymns, and are declared by Addison 
himself to be in every ease "by the same 
hand." That the hand was the band of 
Addison is evident from a curious side-light 
which is thrown upon the subject by com- 
paring the passage with whioh he introduced 
the liymn " When all Thy mercies," &c, on 
Saturday, A ug. 9, 1712, as given in the original 
Broadsheet of that day, and the some passage 
as rewritten, and published in the first edition 
in book form of the Spectator, late in the same 
year. The first (although already quoted wo 
give it again for readiness of comparison) is ; 

" I have already obliged the public with some pieces 
of divine poetry which have fallen into my bands, and 
a9 they have met with the reception which they de- 
serve, I shall, from time to time, communicate any work 
of tbo same nature whioh has not appeared in print, 
and may bo acceptable to my readers. ' (Orig. Broad- 
sheet, Brit. Mae.) 

This passage reads thus in the first ed, of 
the Spectator, in boot form, 1712 : — 

"I hare Already communicated to the public some 
pieces of Divine Poetry, and as they have met with a 
very favourable reception, I shall from lime to time 
publish any work of the aame nature which has not 
yet appealed in print, and may toe acceptable to my 
readers." (Spectator, let e& King 1 ! Ooj>y, Brit. Ifiu.) 

This last reading is repeated in all subse- 
quent editions of the Spectator, and was evi- 
dently rewritten to remove the somewhat 
unbecoming assertion that the hymns " have 
met with the reception which they deseree ;" 
to harmonize it with the paragraphs concern- 
ing hymns in later numbers of the Spectator ; 
and to render it and them uniformly consistent 
with the received impression that he was the 
author of those pieces of "Divine Poetry" 
which appeared in tho Saturday numbers of 
the Spectator. 

4, Addison died in 1719. In 1721 Thomas 
Ticket!, one of the contributors to the Spec- 
tator, and to whom Addison left his papers 
with directions concerning their use, published 
the same in i vols., as The Works of the Bight 
Honourable Joseph Addison, Esqr., London, 
Printed for Jacob Tonson, at Shahespear's 
Head, over against Katharine Street m the 
Strand, if.DCC.xxi. In these vols, both the 
Essays and the Hymns arc given. They are 
also repeated In Tine Christian Poet. A Mis- 
cellany of Divine Poems all written by the late 
Mr. Secretary Addison, £c, London, Printed 
for E. Cutil, in the Strand, x.dcc.xx.yiii. 
Tho positive evidence for Addison is thns 
complete. 

iiL Andrew MarneU. — The first and only 
claim on behalf of Marvelt was made by 
Captain Edward Thompson in The Work* of 
Andrew Marvelt, Esqr. Poetical, Controller^ 
sial, and Political, containing many original 
Letters, Poems and Tracts never before printed. 



ADDISON, JOSEPH 

with a New Life of the Author. By Cap. Ed- 
ward Thompson, in 3 vol*. London, Printed for 
the Editor, by Henry Baldwin. jf.BCC.Lxx.ri. 
In his Preface to tins work Thompson Buys : — 

"Since the death of Mr. Thomas Hollis I have been 
favoured by his successor with many anecdotes, manu- 
scripts, and, scarce compositions of our author, such aa 
I was unable to procure anywhere else; and by the 
attsntlon and friendship of Mr. Thomas Balkes, Ihave 
been put in possession of a volume of Mr. Marvell's 
poems, some written with his own hand, and the rest 
copied by bis ordsrsj this valuable acquisition was 
many yearn in the care of Mr. Kettleton, which serves 
now (in his own words) to delect the theft and igno- 
rance of some writers." 

Thompson then proceeds in the same Pre- 
face to give extracts from this mb. but without 
naming, in any iustance, the handwriting in 
which he found the quotations, thus leaving 
it an open question as to whether any given, 
piece was in the handwriting of Marvell,or of 
some one else. The hymns in the Spectator 
which he claims for Marvell are: — "When 
Israel, freed from Pharaoh's hand" (Dr, 
Watts); « When all Thy mercies, my God ; " 
and "The spacious firmament on high," 

Tiie first of these he vehemently and coarsely 
accuses Tiokell of stealing from Marvell ; the 
reason for attacking Tiokell, Instead of Addi- 
son, arising probably out of the fact that 
SteekVs letter in the same number of the 
Spectator as the hymn, as noted above, is 
signed "T." This ignorance on his part of 
Steele's signature, is equalled by his further 
ignorance of the faot that the piece in question 
was given by Dr. Watts as his own in his 
Psalms of David, in 1719, and had thus been 
before the public as Watts's acknowledged 
work, for some 57 years 1 

The argument as against Addison for the 
two remaining hymns is summed up in the 
accusation of theft on Addison's part, and the 
statement : — 

"How these came to Mr. Addison's hands I cannot 
explain ; but bv his words [' I bavs already communi- 
cated/ fee, as above} they seem to be remitted by corre- 
spondents, and might perhaps come from the relations 
of Marvel 1," 

To this we need only add that in no subse- 

Sient collection of Marvell's Works are these 
aims made, or the pieces reprinted: and 
that tho able and learned editor of The Com- 
pUle Works in Verse and Prose of Andrew 
Marvell, M.P., the Eev A. B. Grosart (Fuller 
Worthies Library), maintains in his " Memo- 
rial Introduction," pp. Ixii.-lxiv., that — 

" The claim put In by Captain Thompson for Marvell 
having written the well-known Songs of Zfon, called 
Paraphrases, commencing, ' The spacious firmament on 
high, 1 and ' When all Thy mercies, my God,' and 
' When Israel, freed from Pharaoh's hand,' and also the 
celebrated baltad of * William and Margaret/ cannot 
be sustained. As matter of fact It went by default at 
the time the claim was originally made, seeing that, 
cballsngsd to produce the us. book alleged to contain 
these pieces, It new vat iwoduesA and seems to have 
been destroyed. I have no idea that Captain Thompson 
meant to Impose ; but from hfs own account It la clear 
that while the hs. volume evidently contained many of 
Msrvslt's own poems— and for throe of the greatest 
(one being the mnttian Oiie) we are Indented to it— it 
is clear that anhsequent, and long subsequent, to Marvell, 
some other scribe bad turned the vacant leaves Into an 
album or commonplace book." 

The discussion of the claims on behalf of 
Marvelt, which appealed in the Gentleman's 
Magazine, 1776, has not been overlooked. As, 



ADDISON, LANCELOT 

however, tho writers argued from insufficient 
data, it would have produced confusion to 
have noticed that discussion in detail. 

iv. Richard Richmond, — The latest claim to 
the authorship of the piece "When all Thy 
mercies, O my God," has been nwde on behalf 
of one Kicbard Richmond, sometime Hector of 
Waltan-on-the-Ril)ble,Lanc».Bhire. Thishymn 
is found in an undated letter in the Ms. corre- 
spondence of John Ellis, one of Queen Anne's 
Under Secretaries of State. The writer of the 
letter begs for preferment at the hands of Ellis. 
The hymn is thus referred to therein : — 

"Appropriate this moat excellent hymn, suitable, 
sir, to your excellent virtues, and hope It may prove a 
motive for your honour's Christian benevoleuce to tho 
author la adversity, to comfort the sorrows Jn life, shall 
bq tbanHul to Heaven, and vour worship's most 
gracious hand." (Athenaum, July 30, 1&80.) 

In addition to tho arguments already set 
forth on behalf of Addison, we have, in this 
undated extract of bod English, a clear proof 
that the writer could never nave penned those 
lines which appeared in the Spectator of Satur- 
day, Aug. 9, 1712. The paragraph also, when 
rightly construed, shows that by the term 
author used therein, Richmond meant himself 
as the imfa- of the letter, and not as the 
author of the hymn. It is quite clear that he 
copied the hymn from the Spectator, end in- 
corporated it, with slight alterations, in his 
letter, to give grace to 1 lis ill-worded appeal for 
preferment at the hands of Ellis. 

From a literary, as distinct from a historical, 
point of view, there is abundant proof in the 
Essays and the Hymns that they were, in 
each case, the prose aud pootio expressions of 
the same hand. This has already been indi- 
cated in the titles we find given to the Essays, 
One example will show how conclusively this 
argument may be wrought out. It is from 
No. 453, on " Gratitude " :— 

" If gratitude La due from man to man, bow much 
more from man to his hfafcer? The Supreme Being 
does not on^ confer upon us thoae bounties, which pro- 
ceed more immediately from Ills hand, but even thoae 
benefits which an conveyed to us by otbeis. Every 
blessing we enjoy, by what means so ever It may be 
derlvea upon us, Is the gift of 111m who Is the great 
Author of good, and Father of merdes." 

This thought is then illustrated by refer- 
ences to the examples set to Christian poets 
by Greek and Latin poets and Jewish writers, 
who all excel in their Odes of adoration and 
praise ; and the essay closes with : — 
- When all Tliy merdes, O my God, 

My rising soul surveys ; 
Transported with the view, I'm lost 
In wonder, lore, and praise/' 

In this the thought, style, and mode of ex- 
pression, so far as prose and verse can agree, 
are the same, both in the Essay and in the 
Hymn. This evidenoe is also strengthened 
when we find that the Hymns, when compared 
with Addison's Poems, are strongly marked 
by the ssnw individuality. We may add that 
Addison's signature varied in the Spectator, 
and embraced the letters " 0," " L," *' I," and 
"0"; and that the original text of each hymn 
is given in all good editions of that work. 

[J. J.] 

Addison, Lancelot, d.d., father of the 
above, b. at Crosby Bnvensworth, Westmore- 
land, 1632, and educated at Queen's Coll., 



ADESTE, COELITVM 



19 



Oxford. Until the Restoration he spent part 
of his time at Oxford and part in retirement. 
He then became chaplain to the garrison at 
Dunkirk ; and in 1663, to that at Tangier. 
In 1670 he was appointed Chaplain in Ordi- 
nary to the King, shortly after, Sector of Mil- 
ston, Wilts, and Prebendary in the Catnedrul 
of Salisbury. Finally, in 1683, he was pre- 
ferred to the Deanery of Lichfield; d. 1703. 
In addition to some prose works, he published 
Devotional Poems, Festival and practical, on 
some of the chief Christian Festitah, Fault, 
Graces, and Virtues, &c. Lond., Henry Bon- 
wick, 1699. [J. J,] 

Ades Pater supreme. Frndenlitts. 
[Evening .] Given in all editions of his works, 
including Aurdii Prudentii Clementis V. C, 
Opera Omnia, vol. i. pp. 97-105, with notes 
(Lond., Yalpy, 1824). It is No. vi, of the 
Cathemerinon, and extends to 1S2 lines. Of the 
complete hymn we have no (r. into English, 
but three centos therefrom have been tr. thus : 

1, Aden Pater supreme — Be present, Holy Father, 
By J. M. Neale, in the enlarged ed. of the 
ffymtal 2?., 1854, Mo. 10, being a rendering of 11. 
1-12, 125-128, 141-152, and a doxology not in 
the original. This was repeated in the People's II. 
1867, No. 436, and with alterations in the Hym~ 
nary, 1872, No. 17. In this last, two sts. (v. 
vi.) were added from 11. 129-132, and 137-140. 
This cento is usually given for Sunday evening. 

*, limit laibor die! — To* toil of day is over. — 
By J. A. Johnston, added to his English Hymnal, 
1861, No, 253. It is a free rendering based 
upon st, iii.-vii, of Dr, Neale, as above. 

3. Guitar Dei memento — Servant of (rod, remem- 
her. This portion of the hymn, given in Daniel, 
i,, No. 110 ; Card. Newman's Hy. Eccl. 1838 and 
1865 ; Wackcrnagel and others, is composed of 11. 
125-152, with the audition of a doiology. It was 
used in the Sanaa Brev. " At Compline on Pas- 
sion Sunday, and Daily ap to Maundy Thursday." 
Also in the -ifMoraofi! Sren, ; the Mozarabio 
Hymnarium; and in an ltth cent. us. in the 
British Museum (Harl. 2931, f. 238). The tr. in 
C. 11. is :— " Servant of God ! remember," by W. 
J. Blew. First printed with music on a broad- 
sheet, and then in The Ch. Hy. and Tune Hi., 
1852 ; 2nd ed. 1855. It is from the Saram text, 
and in 7 st. of 4 1. In 1870 it was included in 
Mr. Kice's Hymns, No. 105. 

Translationa not ia 0. TJ. :— 

1. Remember, thou who lov'st the Lord. By. AngL 
1B44. 
3. Christian, ever keep In mind, Cbpefexnd. 1&4B- 

3. Chud of God ! lemember thou. G&waocrt. lest. 

4. Gome, Great Father, Mighty Lord,— Francis Tamer 
[Bp. of Ely), In Dodd'a Ckritticm'i Jfiigatint, Sep., If SI. 

[J. J.] 

Adeute, Coelitum chort Nicholas h 
Tourneaux. [Easter.'] In the revised Parts 
Breviary, 1736, this hymn was for the Ferial 
Office at Matins (Sundays included) in Easter- 
tide, beginning on Low Sunday and continuing 
to the Feast of the Ascension, and is marked 
with the initials "N. T." It is also used in 
like manner in the ■£jK" Ht and other modern 
French Breviaries. The Paris Brev. text was 
reprinted in Card. Newman's Hymni Eecle- 
siae, 1838 and 16G5, and J. Chandler's Bys. of 
the Prim. Church, 1837, No, 68. [W. A. S.] 



20 



ADESTE FIDELEB 



Translations in C. U, ; — 

1, Aflf 1«, oome an joyoua pinion. By I. Wil- 
liams, 1st pub. in his Hys. tr. from the Paris 
Brev., 1839, p. 128, in 6 st. of 6 1. In 1851 it 
was given, somewhat altered, by Dr. Rorison in 
his Ht/s. and Anthems, No, 81, In the Anglican 
H. Bk., 2nd ed., 1871, No. 152, it is altered to 
" Come, once more with songs descending." 

J, Heavenly eholn with uthenu sweet! By K. 
Campbell, written in 1849 [c. MSB.], and included 
in his collection commonly known as the St. 
Andrea's Hymnal, 1650, in 6 St. of 4 I. It is 
the most popular of the Tendering! of the "Adeste, 
Coelitum," In 1853 it was given, with altera- 
tions, and the omission of st, iii,, in the Cooke 
and Denton Hymnal, No. ST. This was repeated 
by Kennedy, 1863, No. 697, with the addition 
of " Alleluia," as a refrain to each verse. In 
the Appendix to the Hymnal if., enlarged ed., 
1864, No. 38, st. iii. is restored ; but the dox- 
ology is displaced in favour of a much weaker 
rendering. In Mr. Shipley's Annus Sanctis, 
1884, the tr. is given from the Campbell mss,, 
and st, iii., vi., vii. are added by J. C. Earle. 

S. Angela to en* JnWlw. By W. J. Blew. 1st 

printed on a broadsheet for use in his church 
[b. MBS.), and then in his ffy. and Tttnt Bk., 
1852, in 8 st. of 4 1. This was repented in the 
People's IF., 1867, No. 119, and .Bice's Set. from 
Bleu; 1870, No. 50. 

1. Come, ye heavenly Choir* deaosniing. By 
Bp, J. K, Woodford, contributed to his Hymns, 
ice, 1852, No. 38, and republished in the Parish 
If. B&., 1863 and 1875 ; Chope's Hymnal, ] 864, 
No. 100, and other collections. It is in 6 st.. of 
4 1., of which st. v. is from I, Williams as above. 

Translations net in 0, V* : — > 

1. Come, tbou l>leet angelic throng. Chandler, 1937, 

2. Descend from Heaven, ye Angel choirs. Chambert, 
Mil. [J. J.] 

Adeste fldeles l&etl triumphantes. 

[ChrUtmas.1 Ab to tbe authorship and actual 
ante of this hymn nothing positive is known. 
It hag been ascribed to St conaventura, but 
is found in no edition of his Works. Most 
probably it is a hymn of the 17th or 18th 
century, and of French or German authorship. 
The text appears in three forms. The first is 
in 8 st, the second, that in use in France, and 
the third the English use, both in Latin and 
English, The full text from Thesaurus Arri- 
mae Christianae, Mechlin, n.d. (where it is 
given as a second sequenoe far Christmas and 
said to be " Ex Graduali Cisterciensi ") ia : — 

1, Adeste, floeles, 1 4. Stella duce. Magi 

L&eti triumphsntes ; ! Carlstam adoruntes, 

Venlte, ventte in Betute- ' Aurum, thus, et myrrham, 
hem ; I dant munero. 

Naium vtdete Jesu innvntl 

Regem Aiigelorum : I Corda praebeamus : 

Venlte AdaFemueDominum. Venlte adoremus Dominuin. 



2. Dcam de Deo ; 
Lumen de Lumlne, 

Oe&tant puellae viscera 

Deum Verum, 

Genttum Don factum ; 
Vetute adoremuB Domluam , 

3. En gregerelido, 
Homttea ad cunos, 

Vocatl pastorea appro- 
perant. 
£t nos ovanti 
Giudu festlnemua, 

Venlte adoremus Domlnum, 



6. Acternl Parentis 

Splendorem Aeterwata, 

Velatnm sub came vide- 
bimUH, 
Deum Intantero, 
Pannta involutnm, 

Ventte adoremus Domlnum. 

0. Pro noMs caenum 
£t fbena cubantem 

Pits foveamus amplexibus [ 
Ho nos amentem 
Quis non Tedameret ? 

Venlte adoremns Domlnum, 



ADEBTE FIDELES 

1. Cantet naoc hymnoe, B. Ergo Qni natua 

Chorus Angelorum : Die hodlerna, 

Cantet nunc aula oeles- Jesu Tibi sit gloria : 
ttum, J Patris Aeteral 

Gloria Verbom Ctro too 

In extOUt Deo ! I torn I 

Ventte adoremus Domlnum, Venlte adoremus Domtnum 

In the English and French oentoB there are 
various readings ; but we need only note three 
—st. v., 1. 1, Patris for "Parentis" ; st vii., 
1. 1, In for " hymnos " ; and rarely, exultant, 
for "nunc hymnos"; st vKi., 1. 2, hodierno, 
for " hodieraa :" and of these the second is 
probably the original text. The English cento 
is composed of st. i., ii., vii. and yiti., and 
the French, generally of at. i., iii., v., vi., and, 
very rarely, st. iv. also. Towards the close of 
tbe last century it was sung both in England 
and in France at Benediction during Christ- 
maatide. As early as 1797 the hymn was 
snug at the Chapel of the Portuguese Em- 
bassy, of which Vincent Novello was organist, 
and the tune (ascribed by Novello to John 
Reading, organist of Winchester Cathedral, 
1675-1681, and of the College to 1692) at onoo 
became popular. The use of the French 
cento may be gathered from the following 
rubric from the Nouveau Paromien Nantati, 
Nantes, 1837:— 

Aux Fetes de N08. 

(Btrponte.") Venlte adoremus, venlte adoremus, venlte 
adoremus Domlnum. 

Lee Cnantrca contlnuent : Adeste, ndeles, etc ; et on 
ripete i duque strophe : Venlte, etc. 

The hymn was so familiar that it is not 
printed in full. 

"We find st. i., iii., v., and vi., in the Offiae 
de St. Omer, St Omer*, 1822, in the Faruissien 
Oomplet du Diocese iVAulun, Antun, 1837, 
in the Amiens Parofasisti, 184i, in the Rouen 
Paroissien, Boaen, 1873, and in the Parowsien 
Rainain, Paris, jr.a, but c. 1868, st i* iii., iv., 
t. and vi, which arc also in an undated Tours 
Pnrm'sm'en. In the Paroissien Complet, Paris, 
of which the " Approbation " ia dated July, 
28th, 1827, the hymn is given in both the 
English and French forms. At p. 583 it 
occurs as, "Hymne Qui se chante, dans 
plusieurs eglues de Paris pendant le temps 
delaNativite;" this is the English form, with 
various readings, consisting of at i., ii., vii., 
viii, ; then follows, " Hymne pour le temps de 
Noel," tlie ordinary French version st i., iii., 
v. and vi., and both also occur in A ColL of 
Ps., H„ Anihemt, Ac, Washington, 1830. 

[W. T. B.J 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, Dome, faithful all, rejoioe sad sing. Anon, in 
4 st. of 5 1. in Every Families Assistant at Com- 
pline, Benediction, $c, 1789. Somewhat altered 
it was republished in G. L, Haydock'a Coll. of 
Catholic ays., 1823. In the Vespers : or, JTtwn- 
ing Office of the Church, Dublin, 1808, it appeared 
as " Ye faithful souls, rejoice and sing." This 
is in cse in a few Roman Catholic collections for 
Missions and Schools. In the Crown of Jesus 
H. Bk., it reads, "Ye faithfol, come, rejoice and 
aing." 

t. Ye faithful, approach ye. By F. Oakeley. 
This is a tr. of the English form of the Latin 
text. It was written in 1841 for the use of the 
congregation of Margaret Street Chapel, London, 
of which he was then the Incumbent. It was 



adesTb btjjeles 

never published by tbc translator, but came into 
notice by being sung in his chapel. The original 
text was included in the Peoples H,, 1867, 
No. 24, the Wellington College H. Bh., 1863, &c, 
and has also been repeated in several Koman 
Catholic collections of recent dote. 

S. emu ill 7* faithful, joyfully triumphant, 

This form of Canon Oakeley's tr. is the most 
popular arrangement of the Adeste fideUs we 
posses*. It first appeared in Murray's Hymnal, 

1852, and has passed from thence into a great 
number of collections both in G. Britain and 
other English-speaking countries, tbe second 
line sometimes reading " Joyful and triumphant," 
and again u Sejoicing, triumphant." The Parish 
H. Bk^ 1863-75, adopts this latter reading, 
and in addition it includes other alterations of 
importance, 

i. Be present, ye faithful. In Chope's Hymnal, 
1854, and later editions, is Canon Oakeley's tr, 
re- written. 

■. Appro***, all yo falthfbL This tr. by " C." 
In the Irvingite -Hys. for the Use of the Chvrches, 
1884, dates from 1845. Another tr. beginning 
with the same first line, was included la the 
Cooke and Denton Hymnal, 1853. It can be 
distinguished easily from the Irvingite tr. by 
st. ir. This reads in Cooke and Denton, " The 
Son Everlasting," and in the Irvingite collections, 
" To Thee, who on this joyous day," lie. 

A, o eome* all ye faiihfuL triumphantly sine;. 
By E. Caswall, 1st pub. in his Lyra Catholica, 
1849, p. 250, and in his Hys. and Poems, 1873, 
p. 146- This tr. is in aeveTal collections* and 
sometimes slightly altered, ns in the -Note Mitre, 
1874, and others. 

T. Gome hither, ye faithful. This, as given in 
SchafTs Christ inSong, 1870, p. 37 ; and the Prot. 
Episco. Hymned, 1872, in E. Cnswall's tr. with 
alterations. 

S. sons, all ye faithfuh By W. Mercer. 

This ir. can be distinguished from others begin- 
ning with the same first line by the st. iii., which 
reads, " Raise, raise, choir of angels," &c. It 
was written for and first appeared in his Ch. 
Psalter and H. BL, 1854. In popularity it 
ranks next to the ir. by Canon Onlteley, being 
found in many collections throughout English' 
■peaking countries. 

9. So present, yo faithful. By J. M, Neale. 
Pub. in the Hymnal If., enlarged ed., 1858. 
Although opening with the same line it is a 
different tr. from that in Chope's Hymnal, noted 
above. The second stanza of Chape reads '. "Very 
God of Very God," and this "God of God, eternal." 

10. some, all ye faithful. Two trs. by J. A. 
Johnston are given in his English Hymnal, the 
first (with st. ii., " He, God of God," 4c) in 

1853, the second (st. ii., " Who God of God is ") 
in 2nd ed., 1856, and 3rd ed., 1861. 

11. Draw atfh, sll ye fsithful. This Is Dr, 
Ncale's tr. re-written by J. Keble for the Salis- 
bury If. Bk., 1857. It was repeated in Kennedy, 
1863, and, with slight changes, in the SarumH., 
18G8. 

IS. coma, all ye faithful. By J. Ellerton, 
WTitten for, and first pub. in Church Hys., 1871, 
it may be known by st. iv., which opens with 



Adeste fuxeles 



21 



"Thou, who didst deign to be born for us this 
morning." 

U. Draw near, all ye faithful. By R. C. Single- 
ton, in the revised ed, of his Anglican H. Bit., 
1371. 

1*. Assemble, ye faithful, By T. Darling, in 
his Hys. for the Ch. of England, 1861. 

15, come, all ye faithful, This arrangement 
in the Wettmmster Abbey II. Bk,, 1884, is a 
cento compiled from the above trs. 

16, Hither, yo faithful, haste with songs of 
triumph. In the American Preab. P$, & Hs*< 
Philadelphia, 1843, Ho. 174. 

These trs. have as a rule much in common. 
The greatest variety is found in the rendering 
of the lines in st. ii., " Deotn de Deo, Lumen de 
lumine." These are: — 

Godof God, light of Hgbl. Oakdey. 

True God of God, true Light of Light. ItvinffiU 
Coll. 

True Son of the Father, E. OawaU. 

He God of God, Light of Light Eternal. /. A. 
Johnston. 

God or God eternal. Light from Light proceeding. J. 
It. Sale. 

True God of True God, True Light of True Light. 
Coolee A nenton. 

Veiy God or Very God, Llgbt of Light Eternal. 
Chopes Hymnat. 

lltongh true God of true God, Light of Light Eternal 
IV. Mercer. 

Who God of God is, Light of Llgbt Eternal. J. A. 
Jchntton. 

God-head of fiod-hesd. True Light of the True Light. 
ffafruouijrA OM, 

Godhead of Godhead, True light of True light. Dr. 
Irons. 

God of God Almighty, Light of Light EtenuL 
Sarum Hymnal. 

He, God of God, and Light of Light begotten. J. 
ISlUrton. 

True God of True God, Light of Light Eternal. 
JKrtnff't CM. 

Though God of true God, Light of Llglit Eternal. 
Irish CAui ch tfymnal. 

ForHe.aodoTGod, He, Light of Light (ternal. «.('. 
Singleton, lull. 

These renderings show clearly that the majority 
of the translators had the Nvxnc Creed and not 
the Adeste f deles in their minds as thev wrote. 
This is also the case with those trs. wliich are 
not in C. U. 

Translations net in 0, V, t— 

1. Draw near, ye faithftil Christians. Evening Office 
if the cewc*. irso. 

3. Ye faithful, come triumphant, come. Orthodox 
Churchman's Magatine and flevitw, Jfov., less, 

3, Raise we our voices to the Lord of Glory. Ash- 
bourne CUE., Uttaxeter, 1808. 

4, Believers assemble, come with songa to BetbZem, 
Dr. Snlton's Pi. * Hys., Sheffield, 180T. 

5, Ye faitlifni, triumphant enter into Bethlehem. Ft, 
<e Hys. Burnley, 1820. 

«. come, all ye faithful, joyful triumph raising. 
Basil Woodd. J*. * IT**, IBM. 

I. With hearta truly grateful. Pt. A 3ys. Wash 
ingtou, 1830. 

9. O come, ye faithful, and your homage bring. J. 
Chandler, 1BSI. 

s. O come, ail ye faithful, raise the hymn of glory. 
F. C. Huttubeth's Mittol far use of the /.ortjp (3rd ed.), 
1«*0. 

10, Ye faithful Bonis, approach and sing. J. Meade. 
Selaakt Wreath, 1811. 

II. Approach, ye faithful, come with exultation. Jane 
E. Leeeon, CSrftWun Child's Bk., 1849. 

12. Approach, ye faithful, and with glad accord. Jane 
E. Leeaon. Chrittian Child's Bk., 184k. 

13. O hasten, ye faithful. J. R, Beste Church Bys., 
18*». 



22 ADESTO SAtfCTA 

11. O come, all ye liiltbful, O. Korison. Iftfj. dt 
jbitaemt, 1)61. 

i». came, nil ye faithful. B, Campbell, SI. 
^naVew'i £fy»«a£t 1SB0. 

16. 7b faithful, approach ye. W. J, Slew. Ckurtli 
H. * nuu Jit., 18*3. 

If. Christian people, come. I. Gregory Smith. IT. 
Bk. for the Sentct of the Cttttrek, 18BS. 

18. Exulting triumphant, come from every nation. 
Anon. Guernsey. Beprinted in Jfala <s Queries, St* 
Sir. xL p. *18, 

10. O hie, ye believers, raise the song of triumph. 
F. Trafpet, jaw. 

10. Come, ill ye faithful, joyfully. Anon, tn J. F. 
Thrum's Pi. it fl^t, 1853. 

21. In triumph, Joy, and holy fear. J. C. Eaile. 
Shipley's .annus Aunchii, 188*. 

22. Come, faithful, with sweet voice. C. Kent. 
Shipley's .annut Sunciut, ibm, rj_ j J 

AdBBtoscmotaTrinitas. rflbty Trinity.] 
The authorship of this short nymn on lhe 
Holy Trinity is unknown. Its earliest form 
is in a ho, of the 11th cent in the British 
Museum (Veep. D. xii. f. 1156) printed in the 
Latin Hy$, of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 1851, 
p. 161. Amongst the English Breviaries it is In 
those of York, Hereford, and Sarum; on the 
Continent, those of Mainx and Basel; ana also 
in those of the Orders of the Carmelite*, 
Dominicans, and F ratret Hamiliati ; but with 
varying texts. In iKbne, i. p. 10, the text is 
given together with references to uss., and 
notes on the text ; the oldest MB. dating from 
the 14th cent He also gives two refrains 
which ore sometimes associated with the h ymn. 
Hani el, i. No. 804, gives only the first four lines 
with a reference to Catsander ; but in iv. p. 
234, he gives the foil text as in Mane, together 
with. Mone's references. It is also in Scale's 
Hymni Eecletiae, 1851, p. 157 ; Hymn. Sartib. 

1851, p. 115 ; the Domin. H. Bk., &c [W. A. B.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 
1. Be present, Holy Trinity ; like Splendour, £e. 
By J. M. Nenle, Appeared in the Hymnal A'. 

1852, No. 35, in 5 st. of 4 1., and again in Inter 
editions. In 1867 it was repented, unaltered, in 
the People's H., No. 101, and in the Hymnary, 
1873, No. 337. 

1. Be with us, Holy Tdalty, By J. A Johnston, 
1st pub. in 2nd ed. of his English Hymnal, 1858, 
No. 148, in 5 st. of 5 1. In Kennedy, 1863, 
No. 1122, it is slightly altered, specially in the 
doxology. 

g. Be pnunt, Holy Trinity ! Co-eiual lif ht, be, 
By J. D. Chambers, in hi* Lauda S'jon, ft. i., 
1857, p. 215, in 5 st. of 4 1. In the Salisbury H. 
BL 1857, No. 133, and Sctrtim, 1868, No. 179, 
the tr. is an arrangement liy J. Keble from Dr. 
Neale with lines 1, 3, of st. i. from this tr. by 
J. D. Chambers. 

I. Holy Trinity .' be present, By F. Pott, 
hi his Hys. fitted to the Order of Com. Pr., 1801, 
No. 107, in 5 St. of 4 1., and in later editions. 

[J. J.] 

Adored for aver be the Lord. [P#. 
zxviil.] This cento in the Amer. Episcopal 
Hymnal, 1872, No. 421, is composed; st. i. t of 
4 lines, from Tate and Brady'* version of 
Pa. 23, and st. ii.-iv. Anon. 

Adoro Te devote, la-tens Deltas. St. 
Thomas of Aquino. [Holy Communion]. Of the 
actual date of the composition of this hymn 
we have no record. As in 1258 the author was 



ADORO Tfc DEVOTE 

engaged in Paris in writing on the Eucharist 
and in 1263, in drawing up the existing office 
for the festival of Corpus Christi, at the request 
of Pope Urban IV., and for which he wrote the 
well-known hymns, Pangs Ungtta glorioti Cor- 
poris mysterivm ; Lauda Sion ; Snorts sotetn- 
nift; and Verbam supernttnt (q. v.), we may 
fix tile date, somewhat indefinitely, as e. 1260. 
Although never incorporated in the public ser- 
vices of the Church, it was added at an early 
date to various Missals for private devotion. 

In 1841 Daniel included it in vol. i. No. 242 
with a short note. In 1853 he was followed 
by Mone, No. 209, with a slightly differing 
text, from a Reiohenau us. of the 13th or 14th 
cents., and extended notes, references, various 
readings and critical remarks ; together with 
two refrains, one, which follows each stanza, 
(in Poor's Nttcl. Devot. p. 232, and in Hymnod. 
Sacra, p. 330) : — Ave Jesu verum manhu, Christe 
Jesuaaatigejidemomniamoredentiiim: and the 
second(ns,at Koblenz of the 17th cent.): — Bone 
Jem,pa*tor fideHumadaugefidem omnivminte 
tperarttium. These notes, 4c, are repeated with 
additions, by Daniel, iv. p. 234. Dr. Neale's 
note, MedUeval Hymns, 1651 and 1867, &o., is : — 

" The following hymn of S. Thomas Aquinas to the 
Holy Eucharist was never in public use En the Medifeval 
Church i but it baa been appended, as a private devo- 
tion, to moat Allegata. It Is worthy of notice now the 
Angelic JXwtor, as if afraid to employ any potnp of 
words on approaching so tremendous a Mystery, bu 
need the very simplest expressions throughout.'' 

In addition to the foregoing, the text,sliebtly 
different from Daniel and Mone, specially iti 
st, vi. f is given in Curd. Newman's B. Ecd. 1838 
and 1865 (from a modern ed. of the Parts Brev. 
where it reads, "Adoro te supplex, latens 
Deltas "), and in The Domin. if, Bk. Loud., 
1887. This lost is also different, not only from 
Daniel and Mom,bnt fromCaTd, .NetetnaiiuUo. 
It has Hone's two refrains arranged as one in 
two lines. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, Godhead hid, devoutly I adore Thee. By 
E.Caswall, 1st pub. in his Lyra Catholtea, 1849, p. 
247, in 7 St., and with the retrain as in The Domin. 
H. Bk. Thia was repeated in his Hymns and 
Poems, 1873, p. 161, with alterations. The tr. 
of 1849 is somewhat extensively used in R. C. 
Hymnals, sometimes with the omission of the 
refrain. It is given so also in Canon Oakeley's tr. 
of the Paradise of the Christian Soul. 

t. Humbly I adore Thee, hidden Betty, By J. 
M. Neale, 1st pah. in his Mediaeval Hymns, 1851 
and 1867, &c, in 7 st. of 4 1. This was included 
with slight alterations in the People's H. t 18(57, 
No. 178. It is also found in some works of 
private' devotion. 

3. The* we adore, O hidden Saviour, Thee, By 
Bp. J. R. Woodford, written in 1850,nnd 1st pub. 
in his Hys. arranged for the Sundays, &c, of the 
Ch. of England, 1863, 2nd ed. 1855. Bp. Wood- 
ford adopted the raiding as in Card. Newman's//. 
Eocl. (as above), with the omission of st. ii., iii., 
iv., thus reducing it to 4 St. of 4 1. In his St. 
iii. the lines 3,4 are lines 3, 4 of Card. Newman's 
st. iv. A striking feature in this rendering is 
the change of the line, Pie pellieane Jesu Do- 
mine to O fans puritatis, Jesu Domine, adopted 
from the Paris Brev. by Card. Newman and Bp. 



ADOttO TE DEVOTE 

Woodford. In Bp, Woodford's rendering various 
changes have been made from, time to time, two 
of which are worthy of notice, the first of st. i., 
and the second of st, iv. The first st. originally 
read: — 

(0 " Tbee we adore, hidden Saviour, Thee, 

Who in Thy Supper with m delgn'st to be ; 

BoO> fleeh and spirit In Thy presence fat). 

Yet here Thy presence we devoutly hill/' 

This we find altered in Hys. far Christian 
Seasons, Gainsburgh, 2nd ed., 1854. 

" Thee we adore, hidden Saviour, Tbee, 
Who in Thy Sacrament dott deign to he 
Both flesh and spirit at Thy presence fan," &c. 

This was repeated in H. A. $ M., 1861 and 
1875 1 The Hymnary, 1872, and others. 

(a) Another reading of line 2 is; — "Who in 
Thy Sacrament art pleased to he." This was 
given in the Sarvm, 1668, and repeated in the 
Sea Mitre, 1875. 

(3) A third reading is : — 

" Thee we adore, hidden Saviour I Thee, 
Who In Thy toast with «u vouchsaf'st to be. 
Both flesh and spirit at Thy Presence fell," fa. 

This appeared in Chope's Hynmal, 1857. 

(4) A fourth reading is : — 

" Tbee we adore, unices Saviour ! Thee. 
Who in Thy Ptast vith m voacitaj "«t to be, 
Both flesh and spirit at Thy Presence fall," be 

This was given in Pott's Hys. fitted to the 
Order of Com. Pr., 1861. 

<5) The fifth reading is :— 
" Tbee we adore, un«en Saviour ! Thee, 
Who in Thy Feast art pleattd with us to be. 
Both flesh and spirit at Thy Presence fit]," &c. 
This appeared iu the S.P.C.K. Ch. Hymns, 
1871; and again in Tliring's Coll., 1882, and 
has the sanction of the translator. 

(({) The siith reading is in T. Darling's Hys. 
for the Ch, of Eitg., where 1. 2 reads — " Who in 
Mis mystery vouehsafest to be." This is one of 
nine alterations by Mr. purling. Wr. Darling's 
text is the most inaccurate of any with which 
we are acquainted. 

The second change of importance is in st, iv., 
1. 3, which reads in the original — "To gaze on 
Thee unveiled, and see Thy face." 

In the Gainsburgh Hys. for Christian Seasons, 
as above (2nd ed. 185t), this reads — " To gaze 
on Thee, and see rith vnveiled face," and was 
copied by H. A. o? M., 1861-75, The Hymnary, 
1872, and others. Darling reads — " To gaze oa 
Thee unveiled, and face to face. For aye behold 
Thy glory," &c. Minor changes are also given 
by various editors. These are of little moment, 
and appeared without the translator's sanction. 
Bp. Woodford's authorised teit is in Sarum, 1868, 
No. 221. He has also sanctioned that adopted 
by Church Hys, and by Mr. Thring (b. V88.). 

4. Fraatrate I adore Thee, Deity unseen, In the 
App. to Hymnal N., No. 216, is based upon the 
trs. of Posey, Cttswall, and Chambers, with re- 
frain. 

6. I ado» Thee truly, hidden Deity. By W. J. 
Irons, in his Pt. $ Hys. for the Church, 1875. 

TranaUttunis not in 0. V. : — 

1. Prostrate 1 adore Tbee. Dr. Pusey. Par. of the 
Christian Soul. 1S4T. 

2. Devoutly I adore Tbee, unseen Deity. /. D, Chain- 
btre, 1867. 



AUVEftSA MONDI 



23 



3. Devoutly I adore Thee, God in figures vetl'd. J. W. 
Jftu««,lSl9. 

4. O Dreadful unapproaehed Deity, last WSliams. 
B. Paris Bret., IBM, p. 171. From the altered text, 
Adere tt tupctec, latent Data* In the Paris Bret. 

A. I adore Thee devoutly, O Godhead concealed. John 
D'oUoce, 1874, B. vf the Cfturt*. pp. 139-40. 

a. Suppliant 1 Adore Thee, latent Deity. IT. Palmer. 
IBM. From the Paris Srev. 

7. I adore the truth conceited. C. B. Boole, in his 
Poem and Trs., 18Tb, [J, J,] 

Adsi* auperne Spiritus, Pater be- 
nigiie pauperum. [Whitsuntide.'] An 
anonymous hymn in the Paris Breviary, 
1796, for Whitsuntide at Compline. It is 
given in fall in Card. Newman's Hymni 
EedeMae, 1838 and 1865. 

Translations in C. U. ; — 

I. Baits hither, Heavenly Spirit. By W. J. 
Blew, printed on a broadsheet for use la his 
church, cir. 1850, and again, in his Ch, H, f Ihtne 
Sk., 1852, in 5 st. of 4 1. In 1870 it waa in- 
cluded in Mr, Bice's selection from that work. 

a. Holy Spirit, God most Kith. By Wm, 
Cooke, made for and 1st pub. in the Hymnary, 
1872, No, 327, in 5 st. of 4 1. 

Translations not in 0. V. : — 

1. Hail, Father of tho poor. /. William', 1838. 

2. Come, Thou heavenly Spirit pare. J. P. Xhri&p, 
1853, 

3. Come, heavenly Spirit, come. Barotitis Bonar. 
18S1. 

4. Come, O Spirit, Rmciousiy. E. L. Blenhiniopp, 

"«■ [J jr.] 

Adaunt tenebrae primae. [Evening.] 
An auonymoua hymu in Daniel, i. 194, in 5 
at. of 4 1., (vain the Moxarahic JBreu. (Toledo, 
1502, f. 804), Tltomasius, Home, 1747, ii. p. 425, 
and Mignefa Batrdlogia, torn. 86, col 928. 
" Ynini de prima vigilin " ; alsoool.065 See 
atari Daniel, iv. 57, where may be found ft severe - 
criticism on one of ttie lines in tho Moznrabie 
Bi-ev., which may be the correct reading, not- 
withstanding. [W. A. 8.] 

Translation in C. U. ; — 

1. The night ts closing o'er ni. By W. J. Blew, 
1st printed on a ny-lcaf for use iu his own church, 
and then pnb. in his Ch. H. $ 'Puns Bk., 1852. 
Trin, to Adv., No. 41, in G st. of 4 1. In 1867 
it was transferred to the People's H., and in 1872 
to the Hymnary, No. 623. 

Advance, advance, the day Is come. 
67. Moultrie. [iVocesswnai.] Written to tlto 
tune Sin' feste Burg, for the Wantage Sister- 
hood, and printed in iho Church Times, Jnne, 
1871, in 5 Bt. of 9 1., and signed " G. M. 
June 6, 1874." A good hymn, and worthy of 
being better known. [W. T. B.] 

Adversa mundi tolera. Thomas a 
KempU. [Patience.] This liymn is in his 
Opera, Niimberg, 1494, f. 130t, in 29 lines 
arranged us 11, and entitled "Oontieom de 
virtato patientine." Tho full text is is Wack- 
ernagcl, i. No. S77, and, omitting 12 lines, in 
Daniel, ii. p. 379, ^riiere it is headed Carmen 
Tliomae h Kempie de Paiientia Christiana, 
Also in Bastler, No. 119, and K&nigtfeld. ii. 
254. 



24 



AEMILIE JULIANB 



Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Pet Ohrlefa dear cake with enrage lieu, 
By E. Caswall, in his Masqat of Mary, 1858, p. 
308, and again in his Hymn* and Posms, 1873, 
in 5 it. of 4 1. with the heading "Hymn of 
Thomas a Kempis, on Christian Patience." In 
recent editions of the Appendix to the Hj/mnat 
N. it is given unaltered as No. 305. It also 
appeaii as : — 

f. In Gkudstf* dear Itiu with courage beu, 
in the Roman Catholic Hys. for the Tear, No. 69. 

Aemilio Julian© [Xmiiie]'. 

Aeterna- Christ! munera, Bt marty- 
rum victorias. Ambrosian, This hymn, 
originally written for "Martyrs," has been 
adapted for " Apostles," and (in another form) 
for "Martyrs" in the Bom. Bree. Under 
these circumstances it will be necessary to 
notice the history and use of each. 

i. The original text. 

This hymn is received by the Benedictine 
editors of St. Ambrose as a genuine work of 
that Father, on the authority of the Ven. 
Bede ; who, in his work, De arte metrics, 
speaks of it as a ** hymn for blessed martyrs, 
composed with most beautiful grace," "pul- 
cherrimo est deoorecompositus hymnus beato- 
rum martyrom." (See the Benedictine ed. of 
St. Ambrose, in Migne's Patrol., torn. 16.) 
Mono, No. 733, in his note on the hymn, says, 
" Vezzoti remarks justly that the congregation 
of St. Maur [ie. the Benedictine editors] as- 
cribed this hymn on an obscure reference of 
Bede to St Ambrose, whose it is not, though 
it is yet most likely of the 5th century." 

Amongst the earliest Mas. in which it is 
found are two of the 11th cent, in the British 
Jfueeum (Hari. 2961, f. 248; Jul. A. vi. 
f. 61b), and another, perhaps of the 8th or 9th 
cent., formerly belonging 1o that eminent 
scholar in the % Anglo-Saxon and cognate 
languages, Franciscus Junius. The latter 
was No. 110 among the Mis. bequeathed to 
the Bodleian by Fr. Junius at his death in 
1677, but " has been missing from the Library 
for more than 100 years." [F. Madan, Sub- 
Librarian, Bodl. LA. Aug. 21, 1884J It was, 
however, printed from a copy by Fr. Junius 
by Jacob Grimm, at Gottingen, in 1830, as, 
HymnaruTtt iseteris eecUsiae xxvi. Interpretatio 
Tfcenfisea [BrtC Mus.y 

The text ts gtTen by Daniel, L up, 38-sS } additional 
notes, 11. p. 381, It. p. ST ; Bone, Ho. ?33 ; the ancient 
Breviaries of Baeetixrg; of the Bent&ictiMt, of the 
-Hemifttoftbe Order of St. Auguiiin, of York, at Milan. 
the Motarabic, fee.; TrenOi, 1849 to net; Lot. B. «/ 
Anglo-Saxon Ch., 1S51, from a Durham ms. of the 11th 
cent.; Simreclt, 18(8; Maegttl, IBM sod 1919, In tome 
of these there we slight variations in the text. 

It should be added that in some Monastic 
Breviaries this hymn has been adapted to Fes- 
tivals of Confessors and Virgins. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. ; — 

1. The eternal gifts of Christ the Sine, The 
atartyre' gbotous deeds we sing. By J. M. Nesle, 
pnb. in the enlarged ed, of the Hymnal JK, 1854, 
No. 80, in 5 at. of 4 1., andaTrom thence into one 
or two collections, including the Hymner, 1882, 
No. 94, It is from the Fork Brcv., and consists 
of st. i., iii., iv, v. snd viii, of the original. 



AFTERNA CHBIST1 

I. The eternal gifta ef Ohriat oar Sine;, The 
Martyrs' victories let na sing. By J. D. Chambers, 
from the York Bret., 1st pnb. in his Leatda St/on, 
Pt. ii„ 1866, p. 15, in 5 st "of 4 1. In the 
People's H, 1867, No. 211, it is given unaltered. 
In the Hymnary, 1872, No. 399, a mixed tr. 
from Nesle, Chambers, and others, is given, 
and is wrongly ascribed, in the Index, to the 
Hymnal N. 

Trsnelatiom sot in 0. V, : — 

1. The unlading crowns br Christ bestowed. Oope- 
land, late. 

2. The eternal gifts of Christ the King, fine, 1892. 

3. Sing to the Loid with }oy and praise. Mtaaill, 
1ST* and 1878. 

ii. Form for Apostles. 
Aeterna Christi nrunera, ApoBtolo- 
rum gloriam. This form of the hymn is 
an adaptation for "Apostles" as distinct 
from " Martyrs." It is in numerous Brevia- 
ries, including the Soman, York, Sanaa and 
others. The same text, however, is not 
strictly maintained. The lines of the original 
which are thus variously altered are 1-8 and 
21-28, followed by a doxology not in the 
original and varying in the respective 
Breviaries in whioh the hymn is given. 

The text from the /tartan jss. of the tith cent. 
Is In Ifle Lat. By: o/ the Anglo-Saxon Ch. (Sut- 
tees Society), 1SB1 ; the Jam.. Mret„ Card. Newman's 
ffymni EetUsiat, less toiat6;andtheS«iw3yiuiaie. 
(See Vtv-m &w™, 1&S0.) DsmiA gives the Jiom. Brta. 
text together with the 'original i. pp. 21-29; Jfetu^ 
So. «S2, gives the text from use. of the 14th cent., he., 
with extended notes. The hymn la also found in anllth 
cent. us. in the Britith MUtttm (Hail, MSI, f. MT). 

Translations in C. U.: — 

1. The Lard's eternal gifts. By E. Caswall, 
1st pub. in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 204, and 
in his. Hys. 4 Poems, 1873, p. 108. This is in 
use in a few Bom. Catholic hymnals for schools 
and mission services. Altered to "The Eternal 
Spirits gifts," it is also No. 296 in Chope's 
Hymnal, 1864, 

t. Eternal gift* of Christ the Xing. By W. J. 
Blew, was printed on a broadsheet for use in his 
church, cir. 1650 [B. MssJ and pub. in his Ch. 
H. & Tims Bk., 1852. This is given in Rice's 
Set. 1870, from that work as, " Th T eternal gifts of 
Christ the King," a borrowed line from Dr. lleale, 

3. The eternal gifts ef Christ the Xing, By J. 
M. Nesle. It appeared in the Hymnal N., 1852, 
No. 37, and later editions of the same work. 
Also unaltered (with the addition of Bp. Ken's 
doiology), in Skinner's Daily Service H., 1864, and 
the Hymner, 1882, No. 86. In nearly every other 
case, however, where it has been adopted, various 
alterations have been introduced, as in Hurray's 
Hymnal, 1852, the Salisbury H. Bk., 1857, H. A. & 
M., 1861-75 (repeated in Kennedy), theHymnary, 
1872, where it, reads, "Christ our King," lie. 
In Church Hys., 1871, No. 193, st. i.-iii., slightly 
altered (st. i., 1. 3, 4), are from the H. A, 4r M., 
arrangement of Dr. Neale, and not from J. D, 
Chambers as stated by Mr. EUerton in his note 
thereon (Ch. Hys. folio ed. Notes, 193). The 
remaining st. iv., v., are from a MS, tr, by Mr, 
EUerton. 

4. The Eternal Spirit's gifts, The gifts ef Ohriat 
the King. By G. Phillimore, given in the Parish 
H. Bh., 1863 and 1875, and Sarwn, 1868. 



AETERNA COEII 

S. The eternal fift. of Christ the Lard. By 
R. F. Littledale, made far and 1st pub. in the 
J ) «S*'« iT„ 1887, No. 197, and signed " F. R." 

Thim* ffit^fri not 1m 0. T/i ! — 

l. lord, Who dMst hiesa Thy chosen band. JfiuiC, 
1SST. 

3. The everlasting gift* of Christ. Mope, ISM. 

a. The treasures of the King's abode. OsmpotH, 18B0. 

«. The eternal gifts of Christ our Xing. Cauafteri, 
18M,n. 1. 

G. With fitting voice sad Joy proclaim. .F. TVoRpes, 
1*05. 

v. come with yoor canticles, come with jour lays. 
/, WoBom, IBM. 

iii. J?otn. -Brer, /orm /or Martyrs. 
Christo profuaum aangwlnam. ThiB 
cento appeared hi the Bom. Urffo., 1632, for 
Festivals Common of Martyrs, and is thus 
composed: at. L, then new; st. ii.-iy. from 
" Aeterna Christi," lines 5M50, and st. v., linej 
29-32, with the single alteration of 1. 30 from 
" Ut ipaornm conaortio " to " Ut martyrmn 
consorbo." In this form it is in all modern 
editions of the Bom. Bret. Text in Daniel, L 
No. 26; Card Newman's Hymni Ecclesiae, 
1838 and 1&65. 

Translations in C. U. :— 

1. Ya umili of • msityr'd Sod. By R. Camp- 
bell, written in 1849 [e, KSS.], and given in the 
St. Andrew's Hymnal, 1850, p. 97, in 4 at. oF41. 

S. Ya servant* of a martyrsd Lord. No. 88 in 
Murray's Hymnal, 1852, is a cento of which st. i., 
ii., iii. nnd v. are Campbell's tr. as above, partly 
from Card. Newman's tr. of "Ihvicte martyr," 
ii-., vi. and vii. are new, and original. 

*. Y* servants of onr glorious Kittf. No. 272 
in II. A. 4r if., 1861, and 444 in 1875, is also 
a cento, thus compiled : st. i., compilers of H. A. 
f M.; Si.,ilL, if. &<mpieW, as above; iv., Murray, 
as above ; v., B. Campbell ; vi., another doxology 
fur that in Murray. 

Translating* not la 0. IT. ; — 

l. Sing we the martyrs blest. Gatwatt, 18M. 
i. Ijstussinghowmartyrsbled. J. WdUaet. UU. 

[J. J-] 

Aeterna coeli gloria. [Friday.] This 
hymn is sometimes ascribed to St. Ambrose. 
Not being quoted, however, by early writers, 
it has not been received as certainly genuine 
by the Benedictine editors (Mignes Patrol. 
torn. xvii.). It dates from the 5th century, 
and if not by St Ambrose, is purely Ambrosian. 
The text has often been reprinted, sometimes 
alone, and again with notes, references, and 
criticism. Of the latter the best are ; — 

1. Daniel, 1841, i. No. 48, where we have the 
old text in 5 St. of 4 1., with the revised version 
from the Bom. Bret, in parallel columns and 
headed "Hymnns ad Laudes" ("A hymn at 
Lands"). It is the Hymn on Fridays in the 
Ferial Office ut Lands from the Octave of the 
Epiphany to the first Sunday in Iient, and from 
the Octave of Corpus Christi to Advent in the 
Roman and many other old Breviaries. Daniel 
gives the variations found in Clichtoveus, Bebelius, 
Pabricius, &c. 

S. Hymn. Sarisb., Lend., 1851, pp. 55, 56, for 
use at the periods mentioned above. In thb 
work variations are given from the Use of York ; 
from Monastic uses, as Evesham, Worcester, St. 
Albun's, Canterbury, &c 



AETEkNA LTJX 



25 



1. In Mom, 1853, i. t it is from an 8th cent, us. 
at Trier ; and No. 159 is from a vs. of the 15th 
cent, at Stuttgart. He add* a long note on what 
he regarded as the acrostic character of the hymn. 

1, Daniel, ii. p. 381, has a further reference, 
and in iv. p. 40, cites a Rheioau MS. of the 10th 
cent., and gives an extended note with special 
reference to Mime's conclusions respecting the 
acrostic character of the hymn. Daniel refuses 
to accept Mont'* conclusions. The arrangement, 
however, is certainly alphabetical, with the ex- 
ception that two lines begin with o, and one 
(the 9th) with o (ortus) instead of A (tortus), 
DanieTs text extends to s, and Jfimt'* to t. 

6. The old text is also fonnd in two 1 1th cent. 
MSB. in the British Museum (HarL 2961, f. 224; 
Jul. A. vi. f. 29) ; and in the Latin Bys. of the 
Anglo-Saxon Church, 1851, p. 27, it is printed 
from an 11th cent. us. at Dnrham. 

t. The text, old or revised, is also in Card. 
Newman's Hymni Eodesiat, 1838 and 1865, and 
others, in addition to those works already noted. 
The variations in the text are very alight. 

[W. A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Olnr of the eternal hasten. By Card. New- 
man from the Bom. Brev., given in his Verses, 
1853, and again in his Verses on Various Occa- 
sions, 1868. It is No. 30 in the Hymnary, 1872. 

8, Items! glory of th*h«*v*n*. ByR.CsSwall. 
From the Bom. Brev., 1st pub. in his Lyra 
Cathoiica, 1849, p. 31, and his Hymns and Poems, 
1873, p. 19. It is given in many of the Roman 
Catholic hymnals for use in schools nnd missions, 
including the Hys.fcr the Year, N.D. 

I. Sternal glory of the iky, Blest hope, fee. By 
J. H.Neale, from theoWfeirf in the enlarged ed. 

of the Hymnal S., 1854, No.25. It is given some- 
times altered, in Skinner's DaSy Service H., 1864, 
No. 12; the JJjmner, 1882,No. 40,and others. 

4. Eternal glory of the heaven. By J. D. Cham- 
bers, from the old text, in his Lauda Syon, 1857, 
i. p. 29. From thence it has passed into the 
People's H., 1867, No. 430. 

Translation* not In O. TJ» :~ 

l. O eternal praise of heaven. Sp. Mont, isst. 

1. Thou (tlorv of the eternal sky. Ryua. Ana. ISM. 

3. Eternal glory of the sky, Hope, ax. Bp. WWiamt, 

1S4B. 

4. Glory of the heavens supernal- (topeland. 1S4S. 
6. Christ, the glory of the shy. Omitptied, ISM. 

[J. JJ 
Aeterna. liuc,T>ivinltaal [Holy Trinity."] 
An anonymous hymn for Trinity Sunday given 
in Daniel, 1813, ii. p. 369. It cannot be of an 
early date. Daniel does not indicate from 
whence he took his text. It is also in the 
CoroUa Hymnoram, Cologne, 1806, p. 41, in 
9 at. of 41. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, Thou Immortal Light divine. By E. Gas- 
wall, 1st pub. in his Masque of Mary, &c, 1858, 
r>. 277, and his Hymns and Poems, 1873, p. 129. 
This text, in an abbreviated form, is given in a 
few Soman Catholic collections for Schools and 
Missions. It was also included,* in an altered 
form, as, ,T Light Eternal, God most High," 
in the Hymnary, t87*, Ns 338c; — ~ - 



a* 



26 



AETERNE EECTOK 



a. Sternal Light, Divinity. By K. ¥. LittledaJe, 
made for, and 1st pub. in the People's H., 1867, 
No. 163, and signed >'L." [J. J.] 

Aeteme Beotor aidenim. Card. Bel- 

tannine. [Evening.) This hymn is in the 
Soman Brev., 1632, na the Hymn at Lauds, on 
tlit; Feast of the Holy Guardian Angela (Oct. 
2nd}. ItwasinBertedin the Breviary by Pope 
Paul V., who when still Cardinal Camifio 
Horghese, tit a conversation with Leonardo 
Douato, the Venetian ambassador, remarked, 
that if ever he became Pope he would not 
amuse himself like Clement VIII. in disputing 
with the BepnbHc of Venice, but would proceed 
at onoe to excommunication. Donate, on his 
side, remarked that if ever he became Doge he 
would not set much value on the excommuni- 
cation. One became Pope, the other Doge. 
The Doge employed the noted Era Paolo Barpi 
to write the history of the Council of Trent 
against the interests of the Papacy ; the Pope 
opposed to him Cardinal Bellarmine. Possibly 
this respect fur, and interest in the Cardinal 
may have led to the adoption of this hymn 
by the Pope. Text with note in Daniel, iv. p. 
306. [See Outoln hominum.] [W, A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. ; — 

1. Almighty God, whoso sceptre away*. By 
lip. K. Maut, 1st pub. in his Ancient Hymns, 4 - e., 
1837, p. 30, in 6 st. of 4 ]., nnd included in Dr. 
Oldknow's£js. fortheSer. of the CL, 1850. 

£, Ruler of ttio dread immense. By E. Caswall, 
in his Lyra Catholica, 18+9, p. 175 ; nod his 
Jfj/3. and Poems, 1873, p. 85, This is given in 
the App. to Hymnal N., No, 163, for St. Michael 
and All Angels. 

Translation not in 0. U. : — 
O'er the morning stars Who rcigncst. Cbpdand, 
JSle.p. 131, 

Aeteme rerum conditor. St. Ambrose, 

J Sunday Morning.'} This hymn by St. Am- 
»roac is received as genuine by the Benedic- 
tine editors^ For this genuineness, the follow- 
ing evidence is complete :— 

(1) St. Augustine, Retract, Mo. I. C. 31, writes: "In 
tbietwok I luvcepokenlnacerfejnnlaceof the Apostle 
Fettr, ihat the Church is founded on aim os on a rock, 
which doctrine is sung also by the mouth of multitudes 
In the verses or the most lllessed Ambrose, when speak* 
ingof tbe cock be says:— 

" Lo, e'en the very Church's Rock 

Melts nt the crowing of the cock." 
{" Hoc Ipsa petra eccleslae 
Canente, culpaui diLutt.") 

(2) The Venerable Bede, De arte netricA, followed by 
other writers, considers that the substance of this hymn 
Es taken from the i/ezaem&'OH of St. Ambrose (written 
about tbe year Sssj, Lib. V. c. 34. Or, as Daniel says, 
the hymn may have been written flret, and then ex- 
panded into the prose version. 

The use of this hymn has been most exten- 
sive. In the Muzarabic Brev. (1502, f, 2) it is 
the hymn at Matins on the 1st S. in Advent, 
and generally on Sundays in Advent, Lent, 
Palm Sunday, Whitsun Dny,&e. ; in tlieSarwm, 
York, Evesham, Hereford, arid St. Alban'e, at 
Lauds on Sundays from the Octave of the Epi- 
phany to Lent, and from the 1st Oct. to Advent; 
in the Worcester at Matins (so also some old 
Breviaries of the Benedictine Oifo? (Daniel, i. 
gi W); anfl is ike- Raman, for Sundays at 



AETEENE BEX 

Lauds, from the Octave of the Epiphany to 
the 1st. 6, in Lent, and from the S. nearest 
to the 1st of Oat to Advent. 

The text of this hymn is found In the Junius vs. 
of tbe Sth cent., No. Jtxv., and In two nth cent. use. hi 
the Briifeh Jfuteun (Bail. S9S1, f. 2180; Jnl. A. vl. 
f. is). In the Latin syt. of tht Anglo-Sawn Church, 
1851, It la printed from a Durham hs. of the nth cent., 
and is given in the following works : S. Ambmti Opp„ 
Paris, 1838, p. aoo; Daniel, i. l*, iv. 3; Trench, 1*64, 
S43; Corel. Nevmm's H. JBat-, 1638, &c. Jknutl and 
Btnci are specially rich In Illustrative notes. The 
variations In the Ran. Brev. are also found in these 
wrks. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. :— 

1. Maker of all, Eternal Xing. By W. J. Cope- 
land from the Bom. Brev., 1st pub. in his Hymns 
for the Week, &c., 1848, in 9 at. of 4 1., and from 
thence it passed into the People's H., 1867, &c 

1. Framer of the earth and sky. By Card. 
Newman. The earliest date to which we have 
traced this ir. is in B. Campbell's St. Andrew's 
Hymnal, 1850. In 1853 it was repeated in 
Card. Newman's Verses, and again in his Verses 
on Various Occasions, 1868. In this latter work 
this tr,, in common with others, is dated 1836- 
38. The tent from Campbell is repeated with 
slight alterations in the Hymnary, 1872. 

{Translations not in G, TJ, I— ■ 

1. O God, Who by alternate away. JViswr, DOS. 

3, Maker of all, enthroned above. Afant, 1837. 

3. Eternal Maker, at Whose will. I. TFflMmu, 1844. 

4. Dread Ituler of the Universe. 2fyis«. Angl., 1844, 

5. Creator eternal of earth, Ac. Bp. WUlitmt, ISIS. 
8. Dread Framer of the earth, *c. Catvaatl, 1849, 

T. O Thou Everlasting Maker. J, Banki, 1884. 
S. Eternal Founder of the Worlds. CAamteri, 1867. 
fl. Eternal Maker of the World. Atrt. Charier, 1858. 
Id. Maker of all, Eternal King. Hewelt, 183s. 

11, Eternsl God, Thy word, tie. Xynaston, 1883. 

12. Eternal Qod, Wbo built tbe sky. Jtaegill, IMS. 
'13. Eternal God, the primal cause. YTauaet, 18J4, 

tJ.X] 

Aeterna Rex altisBime, Redemptor. 

[Ascension.'] The text of this hymn has hecn 
so altered at various times tliat the true origi- 
nal and the origin of its various forms are 
most difficult to determine. The researches 
of the best hymnologists, when summarized, 
give tlie following results : 

I. Daniel, vol. i. Mo. 1G2, gives the text in 
7 st- of 4- 1. nnd a doxology, from a 13th cent, 
lis. at Wurzburg ; interpolating therewith 6 St., 
which ai'e only found in the Motarabic Brev. 
He adds in parallel cols, the revised text of the 
Bom. Brev. 1633. 

8, The Bom. Brev. form has continued down 
to and is in use at the present time, as the hymn 
at Matins for the Ascension-day, and from thence 
daily tillWhitsnn Day, unless the Festival of an 
Apostle or Evangelist interrupts the usual order. 
It is composed of st. L, lii., vi., vii., i., ii.,iii. and 
xiii., of the old form, somewhat altered. This 
tsit is in all modern eds. of the -ffo»>. Brev. and 
Card. Newman's Hynmi Eccl., 1836 and 1865. 

S, We have neit the Hymn. Sarisb., Lond., 
1851, pp. 101-2, where it is given us the Hymn 
at Vespers on the Vigil of the Ascension, nnd 
doily to Whitsuntide: also at Matins on the 
Feast of the Ascension itself. Variations are 
added from the York Brev., which assigns it to 
the first and second Vespers of the Ascension, 



AETERNE REX 

and throughout the Octave. — St. Alban's, " to 
the Ascension of the Lord at Vespers;"— 
Woroester, " the Ascension of the Lord at 
Matins," die Different readings are also given 
from a Canterbury Ms, of the Anglo-Saxon times. 

*. Jfone, No. 171, gives at. i.-iv. of the old teit 
from MBS. of the 14th and 15th cent, at Karlsruhe. 
This form he holds is by St. Ambrose. In addi- 
tion he gives at Ho. 172, at. v.-vii. from MSB. 
of the 14th and 15th cent, at Karlsruhe, ite., 
and holds that they ate not by St. Ambrose, and 
yet by a writer of the 5th cent. The Moxarabie 
Brev. sts. he considers to be the work of a Spanish 
imitator of Prudentius of the 5th cent. 

». Itisa1«ointheJf«oroii'<!5rre.l502,f.l35j 
in an 11th cent. us. in tie British JfuwwnGJul A. 
tL f. 51); and in another of the same cent. 
(Vesp. D. lii. f. 75o> In the Latin Hys. of the 
Anglo-Saxon Church, 1851, p. 90, it is printed 
from a Durham MS. of the 11th cent. 

In 1S55, Daniel, ir. pp. 79-83, gave an ex- 
tensive note on this hymn, dealing with its 
complex authorship, Aw. fie entered folly 
and with much feeling into the verbal and 
metrical questions winch led him to oppose 
aome of the opinions of Mono on the author- 
ship, Ac, of the hymn. The note is too long 
for quotation, but may be consulted with ad- 
vantage. The hymn "Tu Christe nostrum 
gaudium" is a portion of this hymn. It 
Begins with line 17. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U, : — 

1. Eternal Sine of heaven on high, By Bp. R. 
Hant, from the Horn. Brcv., 1st pub. in his 
Ancient Hymns, 1837, p. 66, in 8 st. of 4 1. 
This is sometimes given in an abbreviated form, 
as in the Gainsburgh Cvll. &c, 2nd ed. 1854. 

1. Then Sternal King moat ugh. By E. Cas- 

Wall, from the Horn. Bret)., given in his Lyra 
Catholics, 1849, p. 101, and again in his Hymn* 
§• Poems, 1873, p. 57, in 8 st. of & 1. (see orig. 
(**,) In 1858, (i st. were included In the Scot. 
JSpiso. Coil., No. 81, in Chope's Hymnal, 1864, 
and others, and in full with alterations in the 
Hyrrmary, 1872. Another altered form is, "0 
Thou most high 1 Eternal King," in the Irvingite 
Hys. for the use of the Churches, 1864. Some of 
these alterations are borrowed from Johnston's 
tr. of 1852. Caswall's tr. is extensively used in 
Roman Catholic hymnals for Schools and Missions. 

S. Xing Sternal, power unbounded. By W, J. 
Copeland, from the Bom. Bret., in his Hymns 
for the Week, &c, 1848, in 8 st. of 4 1. This 
Was included in Stretton's Chitreh Hys., 1850, 
unaltered. In an altered form, " King Supreme 1 
of power unbounded," it appeared in Rorison's 
Hys. 4 Anthems, 1851, and later editions. 

4. O Xing eternal, Lord most High. By J. A. 
Johnston, in his English Hymnal, 1852, No. 118. 
It is also in later editions. 

E, Eternal Kouawh, Mng most High. By J. M. 
Heale, from the Samm Bret., pub. in the Hymnal 
N. 1852, No. 31. It is included in the Hymner, 
1882, No. 67. After undergoing considerable 
alterations by the compilers of H, A. $■ M., it 
came forth in the 1st ed, 1861, as " Lord 



AETERNI FBSTI 



27 



most High, eternal King." This is repeated in 
the revised edition, 1875, and other collections. 

6. Ofctiat ab«T* all flary seated. By Bp. J. R. 
Woodford, made for and 1st pub. in his Hys. 
arranged for the Sundays, &c, 1852, in 6 st. of 
4 L (2nd ed. 1855.) In 1857 it was repeated 
in Chope's Hymnal; in 1863 and 1875, in the 
Parish H. JM., and also in S. P. C. K. Ps. # Hys. ; 
Barum; Ch.Hys.; Thring'stWI. and others. It 
is somewhat indebted to Copelnnd's tr,, two or 
three lines being verbatim therefrom. It is the 
most papular of all the versions of this hymn. 

In Murray's Hymnal, 1853, an attempt was 
made to represent all the 8 st. of the Mom. Brm. 
by compiling a cento thus i St. i., ji., iii., Bp. 
Woodford ; st, if., v., vi., Copeland, slightly 
altered : st. vii., viii., Bp. Woodford ; but it has 
gone almost, if not altogether, cut of C, U. 

7. Km* Hifh and Everlasting Xing. By R. F. 
Littledale, from the Sarum Bret., made for and 
first pub. in the People's H, 1867, No. 140, and 
signed, in the Index •' P. C. E." 

S. O Kuta; eternal, Xing' moat hit*. By S. 
Eugene Tolet, from the Horn. Bran, in the 
Wellington College H. Bi., I860, and later eds. 

Til, not in 0. V, : — 

1. O Saviour Christ, O God most high. Primer, 1T09. 
a. O King eternal, God most High. Blew, 18SS. 
3. Eternal Monarch 1 Lord Supreme. Chambert, 1857, 
I.1W. 
*. Most high and everlasting Lord. F. Trappci, met. 

IT J.] 

Aeterni Festl gaudia. Aidant of St. 
Victor. [St. Augustine.} The earliest form of 
this sequence, which dates from the 12th cent. 
is in a Kheinau ns. of the 13th cent cited by 
AEoret, p. 203, where it reads Interni festi 
gaudia. This Tending is followed by Daniel, 
li. p. 250; Kekrein, No. 502; and others. 
L. Qautier, who printed from a 14th cent. MS. 
at Paris, gives the opening line as obovo— 
"Aeterni festi gaudia," the first word being 
the only change throughout the sequence. 
The full text, together with notes, is given 
in his CEuvres Poetiquet afAdam de St.- 
Victor, 1859, u. pp. 15(3-160, and in D. K. 
Wrangham'a reprint, The Liturgical Poetry of 
Adam of St. Victor, 1881, vol. if. pp. 180-191. 
Dr, Ne*lc says : — 

v Gautier reads Sterni, but I underntarjd the poet to 
mean that the external celebration of tlie Festival ts 
only the outspoken expression of toe Internal Jsy of the 
heart." Mtd-Hyt- anted. 18M,p. 133. 

Olichtoreus, 1516, remarks that the author 
gives the 

« title of infernal feati to that interiur Joy and 
exultation in tbe Lord of the pious soul which it per. 
celvea to exist within Itself when pervaded by the divine 
sweetness ; and, feeling tranquillity and peace of con- 
science with God*"6enerAted and treed, too, from all the 
caiee of the world— Et gives Itself np to God alone, and 
Is continually intent on His praise and contemplation." 

[W. A. SJ 

The frs. of thiB sequence are, i. those which 
include the whole text, and ii. those in centos. 

1. The full text. u Interni festi gaudia." 

1. Our teatal strains to-day reveal. By J. M. 
Neale, in hts Med. Hys., 1862 and 1867, in lost 
of 4 1. Not in C. U, 



28 



AETEBNI PATBIS 



t. Our tnsf ftil (trains let u nprsise. By D. 3. 
Wrangham, from , the text of Gatttier, in his tr. 
of the Liturgical Poetry of Adam of St. Victor, 
1881, vol. ii. pp. 187-191. Not in C. C. 

ii. Centos. "Interni, Ac. ; " and " Harum 

laudvm, &c" 
1, Oar festal straine tmlmy nruL By J. M. 
Neale. This is a cento composed of st. i,-v,, 
viii., ii. of the original. It was given in the 
enlarged ed. of the Hymnal N., 1854, &c. 

». Tl« praise* that the BlMMd knew. This is 
a second cento by Dr. Scale, It appeared in the 
Hymnal N., with the foregoing, and is composed 
of it. x., ii., vii., vi. and xiii. in the order 
named; and begins with the Latin stanza 
" Harum laudum prneconia." It is repeated with 
st. liL for vi. in the People's K, 1867, No. 277. 

I. Xteaaed seals in heaves rsjoi«. By Henrietta 

Mary Chester, written for the Jfymnary, 1872, 
No. 380, and given therein under the signature 
of "H. M. C. M This cento begins with "Harum 
Inndam," &c., and consists of st. i., si., v,,vi.-xiii. 
in the order named, and a doiology. [J. J.J 

Aeternl Patris Unioe. Anon. [St. 
Mary Magdalene.'] This hymn ha? been 
ascribed to St Odo of Cluny; and is found 
in a us. of the lllh cent, in the British 
Museum (Vesp. D. lii. f. 1536) added to the 
" Lauda Mater ecclesia " (q. v.). Both hymns 
are apparently in a later handwriting than 
the first part of the its. Daniel, i. No. 348, 
reprinted the text of Card. Newman, changing 
the opening word from " Eteme," to Aeterni. 
Mone (iii. p. 424), reprinted the text of a MS. 
of the 14th cent, and added thereto numerous 
references to MBS. and various readings ; and 
Daniel, ij. 244, the revised text of the Soman 
Brev. Summi parentis Unice. The text 
of the York Brev. is given in Card. New- 
man's Hymni EccUtiae, 1838, and the Bom. 
Brev. form in Biggs's Annotated H. A. & M. 
with st ii. 1. 2, "Koeonditur nerario," for 
" Rcoonditur eat aerario," in error. The older 
text sometimes reads, "Patris Aeleme Unice." 
. [W. A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

Translations of both forms are in 0. U. : — 
I. Original Text " Aetemi Patris Unice." 

1, Son sf the Sternal Bin go kifh, By J. D, 
Chambers. 1st pub. in his Lavda Syon, 1866, 
Pt. ii., p. 91. This was given in the Appendix 
to the Hymnal A"., 1862, as : " Thou Only Son 
of God on high." 

». Sen «fXten»l God most hifh. By R. P. Little- 
dale, written for the People's H., 1867, and given 
therein as No. 265, under the initiate " F. Ii." 



Traulation not in 0. IT. : — 

Sun of the Sire, the Eternal One, 



Bltte, ISM. 



II. Bom. Brev. " Summi Parentis Unice." 
1. Son it the Highest, deign to east. By E. 

Caswall. Appeared in his Lyra Catholics, 184B, 
p- 164, and his Hymns and Poems, 1673, p. 89. 
In 1861 it was given with alterations in H. A, 
and M., the same text being repeated in the 
revised ed,, 1875. A leas altered text is No. 75 
in the St. John's Hymnal, Aberdeen, 1870. 

t, Jean, Sob of God, look down. This tr. is 



AGAIN OUB EABTBXT 

the above by E. Caswall, altered by the editors 
of the ffymnary, 1872, No. 576. [J. J.] 

Afflicted by a gracious God. 
Wesley. [Affliction."] From hie Short Hymw, 
vol. ii. 1762, p. 37S, and again in the P. Works 
of J. * C. WetUy, 1868-72, voL xiii. p. 158, 
and based on Heb. x. 11. It was included, 
with slight alterations, in the revised ed. of 
the Wet. B. Bk. 1875, No. 331, repiaoinu. 
" Thou, Lord, hast blest my going out ' (a. v.), 
which appeared in Hys, & Sac. Poem*, 1740. 

Afflicted soul, to Jesus dear. J 

Fatoaett. [Support in Affliction.] first pub. 
in his Hymns adapted to the circumstances of 
Pub. and PHv. Devotion, 1782, No. 13, in 
7 st. of 4 1, In its original form it is rarely 
found in common use. An altered and ab- 
breviated form, beginning ''Afflicted Saint, 
to Christ draw near," was given by Bippon 
in his Bapt. Sel., 1787. in 6 at., and later eds. 
This was repeated by Cotterill in his Sel. 1810, 
No. 50, and again in the 8th ed. 1819, No. 165, 
in 5 st., representing at. i., iii., v., vi. and vii. 
of the original. This is the arrangement 
which has come into C. U. in G. Brit and 
Americ.i, sometimes as "Afflicted Saint, to 
God," &c Orig. text in Lyra Brit. 1867, p. 225, 

Affliction, is a stormy deep. Nathaniel 

Cotton, [Affliction.] Part of his rendering 
of Ps, xiii., which appeared as "With fierce 
desire the hunted hart," in Dr. Dodd's Chris- 
tian'! Magazine, April, 1761, in 12 st. of 4 1., 
and signed "JJ." It was repablished in his 
(posthumous) Various Pieces in Verse and 
Prose, 1791. In 1812 Collyer divided it into 
two hymns, Nos. 59-60, in his GoU., the second 
beginning " Affliction is a stormy deep," in 5 
st. These stanzas were transferred, with two 
slight alterations, to Stowell's Sel 1831, and, 
sometimes with numerous alterations, to other 
hymnals, including Elliott's Ps, & Bys. 
1835, and Bickerstuth, GkrUt. Pmlmo. 1833. 
Windle's text, in his Met. Ptalter, Ps. 43, is 
from StoweH's Sel. 1831. Its modern use is 
not so extensive in G. Brit as in America. 

Again from calm and sweet repose, 

Charles Philpot. [Morning.'] Pub. in Mary 
Anne Jevona's Sacred Offering, 1835, p. 141, 
in 5 tt. of 4 1. and entitled " Morning Hymn." 
It is found in several American hymnals, 
including Hatfield's Ch. 3. Bk. 1872, No, 15, 
but is unknown to the English collections. 
We have im, date of 1822 for this hyinu, but 
no direct evidence. [W. T. B-] 

Again our ears have heard the 
voice, J. Montgomery. [Close of Service.] 
This hymn of 2 st, for the close of Divine 
Servieo, was given in his Christian Psalmist, 
18^5, No 472, und again in his Original 
Hymns, 1853, No. 354. It was included in 
Bickersteth's Christ. Fsalmo. 1833, but its use 
is very limited. 

Again our earthly cares we leave. 

[Divine Worship.] Appeared in Cotterill's 
Sel. 1810, No. 98, in 4 st. of 4 1., and entitled, 
"For the blessing of Gnd on Public Wor- 
ship." It is based on J. Newton's "O Lord, 
our languid souls inspire," st, ii, being spe- 



AGAIN THE CHURCH'S 

oiully from Newton. The cento was most 
probably arranged and rewritten by Cotterill. 
Its use in G. Brit, is somewhat limited, but in 
America it ia extensive, and is given in the 
collections of various denominations, 

Again the Church's year hath run Its 
round. Godfrey Thring. [Advent.'] Written 
in 1863, nnd pub. in his Hymns Congrega- 
tional, and* Otters, 1866, in 6 st, of 4 L pp. S 
& 6 as an " Advent Hymn," and again in his 
Hymns and Soared Lyrics, 1874, pp. 26-7,and 
in various hymnals. Authorized text in 
Turing's Coll. No. 102. It has been specially 
tot to music by Henry Hugo Pierson, Hymn 
Tuna, 2nd Series, Simpkin & Hnrshall, 1872. 

Again the day returns of holy rest 

W. Mason, [Sunday.] 1st pub. in the Protestant 
Magazine, May 1706, as one of two hymns, 
this being for use " Before Morning Service," 
and the second : " Soon will [shall] the even- 
ing star with silent ray " for " Befure Evening 
Service." The first hymn is in 5 st. of 4 1. and 
the second iu 4 st of i I., both being in the same 
measure, and each having the same chorus. 
Shortly after 1801 they were inserted in the 
form of a leaflet in the Foundling^ Hospital 
Cott.. and subsequently included in the en- 
larged edition of the same, in 1809. In 1811 
both hymns were pub, in the author's Works, 
4 vols, with the note appended to the second 
hymn, 

" This and the foregoing hymn are adapted to an 
elegant movement of Keyel, In hid Opera 23id. They 
have also bem uet to music by Dr. Barney and Mr. 
M. Camidge." 

Both hymns have como into modem use 
through J. Kempthorne's Ps. A Hys. 1810, 
CotterUTs Sel., 8th ed. 1819, nnd later collec- 
tions. The morning hymn is the more 
popular of the two, and is in somewhat 
extensive use, but often as, " Again return* thu 
day of holy rest''— ss iu Hall's Mitre, 1836, 
the Leeds H. 3L, 1853, the New Cong., and 
others. The American use of this hymn is 
very extensive, [W. T, B.] 

Again the Lord of life and light. 
AnnaL.Barbauld,neeAikin. [Etuter.] Con- 
tributed to Dr. W. Enfield's Hymns for Pvbtie 
Worship, ftc, Warrington, 1772, No. LX., in 
II st of 4 1, and appointed "For Easter 
Sunday." In the following year it was re-pub- 
Ilshed in Mrs. Barbauld's (then Miss Afldn) 
Poem*, Loud., J. Johnson, 1773, pp. 118-180, 
with alterations, and with the same title as in 
Dr. Enfield's Hymns, to. In his Coll of 1812 
Dr. Coltyer divided the hymn into two parts. 
Ft. i. being st. i.-iv., and Ft. ii. st v.-ii., and 
xi., st. x. being omitted. This second part, as 
hymn 688, opened with : — * Jesus, the Friend 
of human kind." It has, however, (alien out 
of use. Of the centos which have been com- 
piled from the original, there are in C. U : — 

1, In Mercer, 1st ed. 1S54, st. i., ii., vi., viii., 
iii., iv., from Cotterill's Srf., 8th ed. 1819 ; Mont- 
gomery's Christian Psalmist, and other Collec- 
tions, 

3, In Hy. Camp, and others : st. i., 11., vi., iii., 
sad iv., from Biokersteth'sCarirt. Psalmo., 1883 ; 
Gurney*s Lutterworth CWf., 1838, and Maryle- 
bone Coil., 1851. 



AI"E MOI VTX'A 



2d 



3. In. S.P.C.K. Pt. $ Hys., 1852 and 1869, 
the same as No. 2, with the addition of a dox- 
ology, 

4. In the Bapt. Pe. 4> Hys., 1858 and 1880, 
st. i.-iv., Pt. i. from Dr. Obi Iyer's Chit, as 
above. 

5. In the Islington Pt. $ Hys. 1830-63, 
Kennedy, 1863, as;— "This day be grateful 
homage psid," being st. iii., ii., iv., vi., viii,, it. 
The hymn in various forms is also in consider- 
able use in America, 

These facls will indicate the extent to 
which the original has been used, specially 
when it is remembered that these centos are 
repeated in many collections not indicated 
above. The full original text is given in 
Lyra Brit., 1867, pp. 35-36, and Ld. Selborne's 
Bk of PraUe, 18B2, pp. 61-62. The second 
cento has been rendered into Latin as: — 
Ease t iterun Dominu* vitas Itteuqtte revetot, 
by the Bev. H. Bingham, and included in his 
HVnui.Cnrtst.L«t.,187l,pp.85-87. [J. J.] 

Again the morn of gladness. J. EUer- 
ton. [Children's Hymn of Praise.] Written 
at the request of the Vicar of Teddington, 
as a processional for Sunday School children 
on their way to church, 1874, and first pub. 
in Children's Hy$., 8.P.C.K., No. 16; and in 
J. Curwen's New Child's O. H. Bk., No, 6. 

Again we lift our voice. C. Wesley. 
[Burial] "Written on the death of one 
Samuel Hntcliins, and included in Hymns 
and Sacred Poems, in 1749 {vol. ii.), ** Samuel 
Hutchins was a Cornish smith, one of the first 
race of Methodist preachers, who died at an 
early nge. An account of his life, written by 
his father, was published by J. Wesley in 1746." 
The hymn was embodied in the 1780 ed. of the 
We*. M. Bk., No. 51, and from thence it has 
passed into other hymnals. Orig. text, P. 
Works of J. 6- O. Wesley, 1868-72, vol, v, p, 214. 

tf A*ye fiot, Xiyeta <f>6pfivylj. Synesiut, Bp. 
of PtoUmat*. Ode L of the ten Odes which he 
composed at various periods of his life (875- 
430). The full Greek text is given in the 
Anth. Chase. Carm. Christ. 1671. So tr. is iu 
C. TJ. Those which we have are : — 

1. Gome, sweet hup, resounding. By I. waiiami 
in his ThougMt in Past Ttart, 1838. 

3. Come, gweet-vokedlyre, to the soft Telan measure. 
By A. Stmatun, In his Ife» Bgmnt of Sgnaiut, *t„ 
1SSS; and 

3. Wake, wake, I pray thee, shrill-toned lyre 1 By 
A. W. CsakjUld, in hia Songt ami Bgmmqf the X. Cr. 
CSaittian Potts, 18t6. 

*. Partial tr. only. In H. S. Boyd's Select Poems of 
Syneidu, etc., 18U. 

Of these trs. the only one from which a 
cento could be taken for C. TJ. is that of 
I. Williams. [J. J.] 

* Aye ftonfrvya. Synesiut, Bp. of PtoU- 
maSt, ThisisOdeiii.of theten Odes, of which 
the above is the first, It was written to his 
" own beloved Libya," during a time of peace, 
and on his return from the court of Arcadius. 
I It is the longest of the Odes, and is impas- 
sioned and patriotic. The full Greek text is 
given in the Anth. Grae. Carm. Christ., 187L 

The trs. Into English are :— <1) " LHt np thyself, 
my soul," by Hr. Cbatfleld, and pub. m bis Songs and 



30 



AGE AFTER AGE 



AGNUB DEI 



■ffjwiHJ, IMS, pp. 10-SS, in 73 st. of * !. In explanation 
of the metre wbicb be boa adopted in the translation, 
Mr. Chntfleld adds the following note ;— 

"Jn tbe Greek, however abort tbc metre and bow- 
ever long tbe ode, there is no weariness from monotony, 
for tbe Interchange of anapffst, dactyl, and spondee, in 
the lines of from only four to six syllables each, makes 
a constant and plcsalng variety. But this being im- 
possible in an English translation, i have Adopted the 
measure which Milton so beautifully employs in the 
Hymn of tbo Nativity. For tbe convenience or those 
who may wisb to refer to the original, I mark the lines 
at the head of each stanza-" 

This tr. furnishes but few materials for tbe hymn- 
book compiler, but for tbe musician some exquisite 
sacred odes. (3) Another tr. is that of A. Stevenson : — 
"Cotue, my soul, to sacred songs." ThiB 1b unsuited 
to public worship. It ia given in his n» Ajmfti tf 
ttynesitti, etc, 3SB6. (3) There ia also a partial tr. in 
H. S. Bc-yd'a Sefcef Poetry sf Syneiivt, 1SU. 

[J. J.] 

Age after age has called her blessed, 

Etisaiielh Charles. [B. V. .If.] 1st pub, as 
No. 1 of tho ""Women of tho CkiBpels," in her 
Three Wakings, ttith Uys. and Sonos, 1859. 
It ia headed " Mary tho Mother of Jesus," 
and is bused upon tlio words " All generations 
shall call thee blessed." In Sncpp's Songs of 
G. & <?., 1872, it is unaltered. [W. T. B.] 

Ages, ages have departed. J. Mont- 
gomery. (Anti-Slavery.] Pub. in his Poet's 
Tort/olio, Ac, 1835, in 4 st. of 6 1. as No. 3 of 
hiB " Songs on tbe Abolition of Negro Slavery 
in tlio British Colonies, Aug. 1, 1834," and 
entitled " Slavery that was.*' 

Agnes, fair martyr. Mart/ THtnlop 
Moultrie. [St. Agnes.] Written on licr deathbed 
in 1866, and first pub. in the Church Time*, 
Jan. 20, 1860, and again in iicr brother'" 
Hymns and Lyrics, 1867, entitled " The 
Martyrdom of St. Agnos," Jan. 21, and con- 
sisting of 18 st. (pp. KJ8-71). In 1807, 11 at, 
were given in the People's it, as No. 235, for 
the Festival of " S. Agnes, V. M.," Jan. 21, 
under the initials of "M. D. M." These 
stanzas were partly rewritten, specially tho 
first three, for the I'coplc'a H. 

Agnosoat omne soeoulum. V. Far- 
tttnaitts. [Christ m as.] This hymn in 8 st. 
dates from tbo latter part of the 6th cent. 
Although wanting in the Vatican MSra., and 
Homo other siss. of Fortunatus's works, it 'was 
given by Fainicius, in 1561, from a us. of 
the Benedictine Monastery of Morbach, and 
has been repeated by Thomasius, and others, 
including various editions of the author's 
works (Migne's Patrologia, torn. 88, col. 261). 
The full text is also in a us. of the 11th 
cent in the Britith Museum (Harl. 2961, f. 
226b). It is found in very few breviaries. 
In those of Gonstanz and York, it is divided 
into four hymns of two stanzas each with 
tho doxology, and appointed to bo sung as 
follows : — 

l*rime. "Agnoscal omne soeculum." 
Tern. " Maria ventre concipiL" 
Sat. " pr&esepe ponl pertulit." 
irbrte, " Adam vctus quod pollult." 

The authorities for text and various read- 
fugs are Daniel, i. No. 138 ; iv. 176 ; and Humn. 
Sarisb., 1851, pp. 13-11. The York Brtv. 
text js also in Card. Newman's Hyntni Ecdesiae, 
1838 and 1865. 



Translations in C. U. : — 

Dr. Keale, following the York Brev. arrange- 
ment, gave, in the enlarged ed. of the ffytnTad 
K., 1&54, a tr. of each ;— 

Prime. " Let every age and nation own." 
Itrce, "The Virgin Mary hath conceived." 
Start. * He, by Whose band the light was made." 
JTohc. ** Now tho old Adam's sinful stain." 

and the sarao translations were repeated in tilt 
subsequent editions of the If. N. From these 
translations the editors of tho Hymnary, 187H, 
compiled No. 144, " Come, ye nation;, thank- 
ful own," tho metro being changed from tho 
L.M. of tho H.N. toT's. 

Truulattau not la 0. V. : — 

1. Let all the world confess from heaven. (" Agnosoat 
omne.'*) -Mew, 1BB2. 

2. What the old Adun stained and soiled. (" Adam 
vetus.") Blew, 1862. 

3. Let thankful worlds confers from heaven. Cham- 
bers, 1. XI, embracing tbe whole hymn, TJ, J.I 

Agnus Del Qui toUis peooata mtuidi 
The use of this modified form of part of the 
Gloria in Excelsis (q. v.), founded on John, i. 29, 

seems to be roferred to in the rubric for Easter 
Eve in the SaeramenittTy of St. Gelaeins, ad. 
492. In the time of Pope Bergius I. [687- 
701] it was ordered by him to be sung at the 
Communion of priest and people [" Statuit at 
tempore confractionis Domimci Corporis Ag- 
nus Dei, &c,a clero et populo decantaretur"J. 
Anastatius Bibliotheoarius • records this in 
Historia de Vitt's Bomanonm Pont^fieum. It 
is the opinion of Bona that Pope Sergius 
ordered it to be sung thrice; Le Brun, on tho 
contrary, thinks it was only sung once. In the 
11th century the last clause of its third repeti- 
tion, "miserere nobis," began to appear as 
" dona nobis pacem," and a little later in 
Masses for the dead, the lsst clause, instead of 
" dona nobis pacem," runs as a special prayer for 
the departed, "dona cis requiem sempitcr- 
nam." Thisoccurs nboin the English Missals 
of Sarum, York and Hereford, and is the nni- 
! versal custom of tho Roman Church at the 
prcsentday, which also repeats the words,"Eeee 
Agnus Dei, ecco Qui tollis peccato mundi," as 
the priest turns to deliver the sacramental 
wafer to the people. 

According to the Samm Um the Agnus Dei 
was incorporated in the Litany, but only to be 
sung twice, and the third clause is placed 
first. This was followed in the English 
Litany of 1344 fas now in our own Litany}, 
and in the First Prayer Book of Edward VI., 
1549, was repeated in ihe Communion Office 
with the following rubric : — 

"In the communion lime the clerks ahiill sing;— 
"•11. Lamb of God that takwt »way tlie elna of lbs 
world, ba-ve mercy upon us. 
' O Limb of Ood . . . grant us THj peace.' " 

This was omitted in 1552, and all subse- 
quent revisions, though Bp. Cosin suggested 
its restoration in 1662 : but just as the Adoro 
Te was used frequently as a private devotion, 
so this translation of the Agnus Dei has con- 
tinued in almost unbroken use in various 
Encharistic manuahs of English divines; e.g. in 
Bp. Cosin's Cott. of Private- DeeotiOM, 1027, and 
the revised ed., 1664; Dean Lancelot Addison, 
1C99; Rev. Jas. King, 1726; and the very 
popular NewWeekt' Preparation, 1739, 



AGBJCOLA, JOHANNES 

Translations in C. U. -.— 

Limb of Ood, that takest away, *•■ By G. 
Moultrie. This metrical arrangement of the 
Agnus Jki was first pub. in the Chureh Times, 
Jojy 23, 186*, and his Hymns and Lyrics, 1887, 
p. 118, in 3 St. of 5 1., and in 1872 was trans- 
ferred to the Hytnnary, with slight alterations 
in the last stanza. [V.] 

The iipniw Dei baa also come into English 
use through the German, in the following 
manner : — 

(L) Lamm OattM uuehaldif;. By Nicolnus De- 
cius, or Hovesch, first pub. in Low German in the 
Gvyttlt/ie kder, Rostock, 1531, and in High 
German in V, Schumann's Q. B., Leipzig, 1539. 
Both forms are included in Waehtrnagd, iii. p. 
568, in 3 st. of 7 ]., as in the case of the Latin, 
at, i. only being printed in full. Included in 
almost all subsequent hymn-books as recently in 
the Urn. L. &, 1851, No, 110. It has been 
mnch used in Germany at Holy Communion 
daring the distribution of the elements ; on 
Good Friday, at the close of sermon ; and on other 
occasions. The trt. iu C. (J. are ; — 

1, Iamb «f Sod molt holy. By A. T. Russell 
as No. 26 in the Dalston German Hospital Coll., 
1848, in 2 st. of 7 1., repeated in his own Ps. 
and Hyt., 1851, No. 156, in 3 st. In both cases 
the sts. are identical, save in 1. 7. 

t, ft Lamb «f Ood, most stainless. By Diss 
Winkworth, as No. 46 in her C. S. for England, 
1863, in 3 st., identical, sure in 1. 7. 

8. Lamb of God, matt Hair. On" 1st ui afcanen 
dyimff. By Miss Borthwick, in fall from Knapp, 
contributed as No. 88 to Dr. Fagenstecher's 
Coll., 1864. 

4. Lamb ef Ood, without blemish! No. 75, in 
the Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1880, in 3 st., identical, 
save 1. 7. 

Otiksrtrs. an: — 

(11 " Lamb of God, our Saviour," by J. C, JacoM, 
DM, p. 16 (1132. p. 31 j, and thence as No. ill in pt. i. 
of the Moravian B. Bk., MM, (1) "0 Lamb of God 
unspotted," as part of the LHanies at Baptism, p. xiiv. 
of the jtforcteiOA R. Bk^ 1B01, and continued as a hymn 
tn later eds. (S) "O Lamb of God, Who, bleeding," 
contributed by FraT. T. C. Porter to SchiiT's Ovrtit in 
Sntp.ed. 18J»,p. ***. (1) " Lamb of God, most holy, 
Upon the crosar (torn the version In Knanp's Kb. h. £, 
1S3T, No. E39 fed. 18SS. No. m\ sts. it., flf. being from 
the Dresden G, B, 1J3S (Ktcaer, 11, 18*1, In the Brttith 
ReraU, Oct. Ia*s, p. 314, and repeated M No. 41! In 
Beld's Jrotse Bk.. 18TS. 

(it.) ufcruta da Lamm Oettse, In the Reforma- 
tion period this tr. of the Ajnw Dei, in 3 st. of 
3 1., was regarded as a prose autiphon rather to 
be included in the Liturgy than in the Hymn- 
book. Thus Krk, {Choral Bach, 1863, note to 
No. 38, p. 345,) quotes it as in Low German 
in the Brunswick Kircnenordmmg, 1528, and in 
High German in that for Saxony, 1540. It is 
given as a hymn in the Uhv. Z. &, 1851, No. 88. 
The trt. in C. U. are, (1) " Lamb of God, our 
Saviour," in full, by A. T. Russell as No, 20 in 
the Dnlston German Hospital Coll., 1848. (3) 
* Lamb of God, Jesus 1 Thou who," Ac, in full, 
as No. 6B in the Ohio Luth, Hymnal, 1880. 

[J. M.] 

Agrioola, Johannes [Bneiderl b. April 
20, 1492, at Eisleben, where his father was a 
tailor. During his University course at 
Wittenberg, Lather took ft great interest in 



AGRICOLA, JOHANNES 31 

him, entertained him at his own table, took 
him with him to Leipzig for the disputation, 
in 1513, with Dr. Eok, and in 1525 procured 
for him the position of Rector of BL Andrew's 
School at Eisleben, and preacher at St. 
Nicholas's Church there. He remained iu 
Eisleben till 1536, working hand in hand with 
Luther ; but after bis removal to Wittenberg, 
in 1536, as one of the lecturers in the Uni- 
versity, he developed Antinomion views, 
and, iu 1537, pub. a series of theses which 
Luther answered in six disputations, 1538-40. 
On his appointment as Court Preacher at 
Berlin, in 1540, he formally renounced these 
opinions, and professed adherence to Witten- 
«rg_ orthodoxy. But after bis subsequent 
appointment as General Superintendent of the 
Hark, he gradually not only sought the esteem 
of the great, but, in order to gain the favour 
of the Emperor, joined with two representa- 
tives of the Romish Church in drawing up a 
Formula of Union (Ton Interim ) which was 
presented to the Imperial Diet, held at Augs- 
burg, and adopted by the Diet on May 
15, 1548. By this action he disgusted the 
Lutherans, and procured for himself only 
discredit Had. at Berlin, Sept. 22, 1566. Ho 
was one of the best preachers of his time, 
and compiled one of the earliest collections of 
German Proverbs, first pub. at Zwickau, 
1529 [the Brit. 3t«t. copy was printed at 
Hagenau, 15291 {Koch, i. 278-281. Attg. 
Deutsche Bicg., i. 146-48). 

Four hyinns by him appeared in the early 
Lutheran hymn-books, tiro of which were 
retained by Luther iu Bahst's Qesangbuek, 
Leipzig, 1545. 

1. leh ruf iu lit, Ben Jesu Christ. [Supplica- 
tion.] Wackemagel, iii. pp. 54-55, gives two 
forms of this, in 5 st, of 9 lines, the first from 
Geisilic/ie Licder, Erfurt, 1531, the second from 
an undated broadsheet before 1530, entitled, "A 
new hymn of supplication for Faith, Love, and 
Hope, and for a Holy life ; composed by John 
of Eisleben, preacher to John Duke of Saxony." 
Fischer, i. 345, refers to the Niirnberg broad- 
sheet, c 152S, quoted in Waekernagels Bibliv- 
graphie t 1855, p. 89, and adds that in his 
opinion the disfavour into which Agricola fell 
after the outbreak of the Antinomian contro- 
versy caused the suppression of his name in the 
hymn-books. After appearing in King's Geietliche 
Lieder, 1529, the hymn was included in almost 
all subsequent hymn-books, and so recently as 
No. 379 in the Unv. L. S., 1851. 

Tt is sometimes erroneously ascribed to Panlus 
Speratus, an assumption originating with the 
Siga Q. B. of 1664. It was a fnvonrite hymn 
of Valerius Herberger, of P. J. Spener (who 
requested it to be sung at his deathbed), and of 
many others. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Loud Jesu Christ, I cry to Thee. A good tr., 
omitting st. iv., by A, T. Russell, as No. 200 in 
his Ps. # He., 1851. 

2, Lord, he** the voice of my wmaUint, A full 
and very good tr. as No, 116 by Miss Wink- 
worth in her C. B. for England, 1863. 

Other trs. are : — 

1) " I call on the, Lorde Jesu Christ," by Bp, Cautr- 

' :, 1!W9 (Bmaint, IMS, p. MO), repeated, slightly 



daU, 



32 



AH, I SHALL SOON 



filtered, In the VtuU and tlodly Xallate* (ed. 1S«. folia 
3t), ed. iwii, p. BT. (2) " 1 cry to Thee, my dearest 
I^ord," hy J. ft Jaeobi, 1TM, p. «*i '" his ed. WZ, 
p. lis, altered to w To Thee, OXord, I Bead my cries," 
una thence us No. 310 in pt. i. of the Moravian if. ilk. 
1734 ; omitted In 1789 and 1801 j in the SHj&ltmtnt of 
1H08, st. i., iv. vera included is No. 1082, and repeated 
in later eds. altered to u To Thee I send my fervent 
oriei." (3) " I try to Thee, O Christ our Lord ! " by 
N. L. Frotfiingham, IBM, p. 20S. [J, M,] 

Ah, I shall soon be dying. X Ityland. 
[Death anticipated.] Dr. Ryland'a son Bays 
that this hymn was written by his father 
while walking through the streets of London, 
and dates it IBM, (a. Has.). This date ia an 
error, as the hymn appeared in the Evangelical 
Magazine, Oct. 1798, in 8 st. of 4 1., as " Re- 
flections," and with the note : — 

"The following lines passed through the mind of a 
country minister u he vu walking the etreeta or Lon- 
don, and considering how far several persons appeared 
now to be advanced in life whom he hid known in their 
youth a very few years back, and how many others of 
his acquaintance hod been already removed." 

The hymn was repeated in the Baptitt 
Register, 1800, p. 312, and in the 27th ed. of 
Bippon's Sel, 1827-8, No. 550. pt. iii. From 
thence it lias passed into collt.-otiotiabuth in G. 
Brit trad America. It is also included in 
Sedgwick's reprint of Dr. Eylend's Hymns, 

i860. 

Ah, Jesus, let me hear Thy voice. 
A. Seed. [Desiring Christ.] Contributed to 
his Supplement to Dr. Watts, 1817, No. 108, 
and also included in his Hymn Book, 1842, 
No. 333 in 5 st of 4 L under the title, 
'* Desiring Christ." It was repub. in tbe 
Wycliffe Chapel Sup. 1872, No. 14. Its use in 
G. Brit, is very limited, but in America it is 
regarded with great favour. In his Ch. H. Bk. 
Dr. Hatfield omits st. 4. Orig. test in Lyra 
Brit. p. 476, and Schaffs Chrut ia Song, 1869. 

Ah, Lord, with trembling I confess, 

C. Wesley. [Badisliding.] From his Short 
Hymns, etc., 1762, vol. ii., No. 80. It appeared 
in the Wet. H. Bk.. 1780; and is retained in 
the new ed., 1875, No. 317. It has also passed 
into various collections in G. Brit, and Ame- 
rica, and is included in the P. Worfc* of J. & 
C. Wesley, 1868-72, toL x. p. 165. 

Ah, lovely appearance of death. C. 
Wedey. [Burial.] 1st pub. in bis funeral 
Hymns (1st Ser.), 1746, No. v., and entitled 
" On the sight of » Corpse/' The body is 
supposed to have been that of a young man 
who died at Cardiff, Aug. 1 744 ; as, concerning 
him, C. Wesley wrote in his journal of that 
date, " The Spirit, at its departure, had left 
marks of its hnppinees on the clay. No sight 
upon earth, in my eyes, is half so lovely." In 
1780 it was included in the Wes. S. Bk., hut 
omitted in the revised ed.of 1875. Orig. text, 
P. Works of J. & C. Wesley, 186B-72, toI. vi. 
p. 193. The text of this hymn was revised 
by the author about 1782, and reduced to 5 
st. Details of tbe MS. alterations are given 
in the P. Works, vol. vi. p. 212. Although 
omitted from the Was. B. Bk., 1875, it is still 
retained in many collections in G. Brit, and 
America. 

Ah, mournful oase, -what can afford, 
Ralph Ertkine. [Longing for Heaven^ 1st 



AH, WHITHEB SHOULD 

pub. in his Gospel Sonnets (2nd ed., Edin., 
J 726) as section i. of pt v., entitled " Tho de- 
sorted Believer longing for perfect Freedom 
from Sin," in 20 st. of 4 lines. St. xir.-xx 
beginning — " O send me down a drought of 
love " — were included in the Sacred Senas of 
Scotland, 1860 (Edin., A. Elliott), p. 41, as 
No. 870 in Lord Selbome's Bk. of Praise, and 
adopted, as No. 230, in the Scottish Pret. 
Hijml., 1876. [J. M.] 

Ah, my dear Lord, Whose changeless 
love. C. Wesley. [In Temptation.'] 1st put), 
in Hymns and Sacred Poems by J. A C. Wes- 
ley, 1739, in 11 st of 4 1. In Kennedy, 1863, 
No. 1266, is composed of st. i., ii.,iii,, vii., x, and 
xii. In its oiigins.1 form it is unknown to 
modem hymnals, and tho use of this ctnto is 
very limited. Stanzas si.-xiv. — as "Fondly 
my foolish heart essays " — were given in tho 
Wes. H. Bk. 1780, as No. 282. The same 
stanzas ore No. 291 of the revised ed. 1875. 
Orig. text, P. Works, 1808-72, vol. i. p. 131. 

All, my dear loving Lord. C. Wesley. 
[Spiritual life within.] This poem, of 15 
double stanzHs, in too parts, is the lost of three 
entitled, " The Backslider," which appeared 
in Hys. and Sacred Poem*, 1742. In 1780 the 
hymn " My gracious, loving I>ord," was com- 
piled therefrom, and included with alterations, 
in the Wes. H. Pk. from whenco it hits passed 
into niany collections of the Methodist bodies. 
Orig. text, P. Works, 1808-72, vol. ii. p. 114. 

Ah, what a wretch am L C. Wesky. 

£ IVatct^night,] 1st pub. in Hymns and Sacred 
Poems, 1749, being No. 2 of " Hymns for tho 
Watch-night," in 10 st of 8 1. Of these, st. ix„ 
x., beginning, "Thou aeest my feebleness," 
arc found in some collections, including the 
Leeds H. Bk., 1853, Bnpt. Pt. and Hys., 
1858, and others. The cento "Gracious Uo- 
deemer, shake," in tho Wes. H. Bk., 1780 and 
1875, and other collections, is also from this 
hymn. It begins with st v. (Orig. text, P. 
Works, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 201). In the Ame- 
rican Bk. of Hys., 1848, and the Hys. of the 
Spirit, 1864, it rends, "Father, tiiis dumber 
shake." 

Ah, when ahaU I awake. C. Wesley. 

[Prayer.] From his Hymn* on GotTs Ever- 
Xasting Love, first pub. in 1741, in 11 st. of 8 1. 
(second series), No. vii. Of the original, 6 st 
were included in tbe 1780 ed. of the Wei. H. 
BK No. 294. Orig. text, P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. iii. p. 61. 

Ah, 'whither flee, or where abide. 
[Retirement.'] Contributed by Miss Winkwortb 
to- Lyra Mystiea, 1865, p. 263, in 7 st. of 8 1., 
as from tbe German. The original has not 
been traced. 

Ah, whither should X go. C. Wesley. 
[£en(.] 1st pub. in his Hymn* on God's Ever- 
lasting Love, 1741, No. 14, in 16 st of 8 1, In 
1780 st. i.-iv. were given in tbe Wes. H. Bk. 
as one hymn, and st iiv.-xvi., "Lo in Thy 
hand," as a second, under the division " For 
mourners convinced of Sin," Although the 
latter was emitted from the revised ed., 1875, 
yet both hymns are found in a considerable 



AH, WHY AM I LEFT 

number of collections, both in G. Brit, and 
America. Orig. test in P. Works, 1868-72; 
vol. iii. p. 80. 

All, why am I left to complain. 0. 
Wedey. [Lent,] From his Short Hymns, 17G2 ; 
again 17SJ4 ; and in P. Works, 1868-72, vol. x. 
p. 26. It was included in the Wes. H. Bk,, new 
ed., 1875, No. 777. 

Ah, wretched souls who strive in 
vain. Anne Steele, [lent.] A hymn on 
« Tlie Christian's Noblest Besolntion,*' which 
appeared in Iter Poem) on Subjects ehiefiy Ve- 
Tolienal, 1700, vol. i. p. 161, in 5 st. of 4 1., 
from whence it pawed into the Bapt. CoVL of 
Hy*. of Ash and Evans, 1769, No. 286, and 
signed "T."; into Kippon's Bapt. Set, 1787, 
No. 334, and others. It is also found in 
Sedgwick's reprint of Miss Sttelo's Hymm, 
186& 

Ah, wretched, vile, ungrateful heart. 

Anne Steele. [Twit.] Under the title of " The 
Inconstant Henrt," (his hymn was pnb. in Lor 
Poem on Sitbjects ehiefiy Devotional, 1760, 
vol. i. p. 119, in 5 st of 4 1. ; again in the next 
od., 1780 ; and again in Sedgwick's reprint of 
her Hymns, 1863, Its use is unknown, or 
nearly so, in G. Brit., but in Amerioa it is 
given in several of the most important modem 
collections, including Hatfield's Ch. H. Bk\, 
1872, No. 970, and others. 

A.iryvnTOV fywrnqp. [St. Mark.} Three 
liomoia (hymns of the some strnoture) from 
the office for St. Mark (Ap. 25) in the Menaea. 
The only fr. is that by Dr. Littledale— " Mark, 
shining light of Egypt " — which was made for 
and first published in the People's H., 1867, 
No. 217, and signed "F. B." The doxology 
is not in the original. 

AifciTi, Anna L. [Barbuda, A. I.] 

Ainger, Alfred, m.a., graduated Tiin. 
Coll. Cambridge, u.a, I860, K.A. 1861. In 
1860 ho became curate of Alrewas, Stafford- 
shire; in 1861 AsiUtant Mnster of Sheffield 
Collegiate School, and in 1866 Reader at the 
Temple Church, London. Mr. Ainger's Har- 
vest hymn " Another year is onaed," was 
written for the Harvest Festival at Alrewas, 
1862, in 5 st of 8 1. On appearing in HarUtnd, 
cd. 1861, No. 216, two stanzas were reduced to 
one, thus forming a hymn of 4 st. Its use is 
not extensive. 

Aineworth, Henry, was a leader of the 
Brownist party in England, and ono of those 
nonconforming clerjry who, in 1604, left this 
country for Amstertuun. He was a learned 
man and skilled iu Hebrew. He became 
very poor in exile, living on the meanest 
fare, and acting as porter to a bookseller. 
He was of a warm temperament and apt to 
be quarrelsome; d. 1622 qt 1623, snddienly, 
which gave rise to a suspicion of unfair 
play on the part of the Jewish community. 
His translations from the Hebrew Psalms 
were printed at Amsterdam and entilled The 
Booke of Psalms : Englished both in Prose and. 
Metre, 1612. It contained a preface and had 
musical notes. Thereis aeopyinthoBodleian 
Library. [J. T. B.] 



ALANUS DE INSULIS 



33 



Aird, Marion Paul, b. at Glnsgow, 1815, 
where she resided for tome time, and tlien 
proceeded to Kilmarnock, where her Home of 
lite Heart and other Poem* Moral and Beligiotts 
were pub. 1846-1863, her Heart Histories, 
Violet* from Greenwood, *&, in prose and 
verse, 1853, and Bm and Shade, 1860. Miss 
Aird is included in J. G. Wilson's PoeU and 
Poetry of Scotland, 1876, vol. ii, p. 389. Very 
few of her hymns are in C. U., amongst these 
is " Had I the wings of a dove, I would fly.'' 

Akerman, Lucy Evelina, nee Met- 
oal£ An American Unitarian writer, dau. of 
Thomas Metcalf, b. at Wrentham, Mass., 
Feb. 21, 1816, m. to Charles Akerman, of 
Portsmouth, N.H, resided at Providence, 
B.L,andd.lhereFeb.21 1 1874. Mrs.Akenmin 
is known as a hymn writer through her : — 

Nothing bat leaves, the Spirit grieves, which 
was snggested by a sermoa by M. D. Conway, 
and 1st pub. in the N. Y. Christian Observer, cir. 
1858. In the Scottish family Tramu-y, 1859, 
p. 136, it is given without name or signature, 
and was thus introduced into G. Brit. In 
America it is chiefly in use amongst the Baptists. 
Its popularity ia Great Britain arose out of its 
incorporation by Mr. Sankey, in his Sac. S. $■ 
Solos, So. 34, and his rendering of it in the 
evangelistic services of Mr. Moody. The sir to 
which it is sung is by an American composer, 
S. J. Vail. 

Alaxius de Insulis, or of Lille in Flan- 
ders, called also Alanus Anglicus, lived in the 
last half of tho 1 2th and part of tho 13th cent. 
There appears to bo much doubt, which hat 
resulted in much controversy, as to wiiether 
or not there were two individuals bearing the 
name of Alanus de In Balis, or whether Alanus 
the poet, known as " Doctor Universalis," was 
identical with Alanus the Bishop of Auxerre, 
the friend of St. Bernard. It is unnecessary to 
discuss the question here. There ia no doubt 
that the poet is identical with the " Doctor 
Universalis." The principal works of this 
author were;— 

I. ParaMet, a work described by Arenbishup Trench 
inhis&u;. Lat. Poetry, 3rd ed., IB?*, as having been 
H in high favour before the revival of teaming." 

SS. Jnti-Cltmdiimm, ■ moral poem of considerable 
length, divided into nine books, called * Dtottnctkines." 
It is upon this work that his fame chiefly refits. 

3. Liber ds Planet* naturae, written parlly In 
verse, and partly In proae. 

Leyser (p. 1020) says of this author " Inter 
aevi sui poettiB faoile fumiliam duxit;" Oudin 
(De Script. Eccles., ii. p. 1405) that the Anti- 
Claudianu* is " singulari festivitate, lepore, et 
elegantia eonscriptnm ;" Bnmbach (Antiw- 
logie, 1 p. 329) speaks highly of his merits; 
while Archbishop Trench, though demurring 
somewhat to the full praises of the -otliers, 
allows that in such passages as the one com- 
mencing, "Est locus ex nostro secretus cli- 
mate "(which is the description of a natural 
paradise), " Ovidian both in their merits and 
defects, wo must recognise the poet's hand," 
Sac. Lat. Poetry, 1849 and 1874. 

Only one complete ed. of this poet's works la known, 
vis., Alatti Opera, ed. C. de Vfaeh, Antwerp, iea4 ; 
but his AwU-aaudiama and Liber de Planetu Naturae 
are given st length In T. Wright's Angto-Laiin 
Saiirteal Poeti, fcc, rf the 11th cent., Tau., IBIS, 



34 



ALAKD, WILHKLM 



vol. ii. >JilriU;U< from his work? are also found in the 
authors above referred to, and others. One of hlfi 
poema, "Onmls Mundl creiturn," hus l>ceii lr. into 
KngUnli. It is given in Worsley'e Ponnt and Tranila- 
tiontr, 1863, p. 199. Latin text in JVeiteA and Kitnigt- 
feld. [D, g. W.] 

Alard, Wilhelm, s, of Frans Alard, who 
was ennfossor of the Reformed Faith during 
the persecutions of the Duke of Alva, was b. at 
Wilster, Nov. 22, 1572. He was not only by 
birth a member of a noble Bolgian family, but 
of one distinguished for three or four genera- 
tions in classical and theological literature. 
Indeed, in 1721, a volume was published at 
Hamburg by one of the family entitled Becas 
Alnrdorum scriptii CUirorum. Wilholm Alard, 
amongst otlior compositions, published three 
small volumes of Latin hymns :— 

1. SxcabiarwM Piarwtn Centuritt, Lipsiao, 1623. 

2. ^fCHO&rum Piaruta Ctnturia Secand^t, 1S2S, 

3. ExatbUlrum Fiarum Cfcnturia Tertla, 1630. 

These hymns were held in high esteem 
when they first appenred, the first volume 
passing through four editions during its 
author's lifetime. They are now almost for- 
gotten. Archbishop Trench has given one 
short specimen from each of the first two 
centuries in his Sac. Lai. Poetry, 1849 and 
1874, from the first, a hymn " Accessuri ad 
BBOram Communionem Oratio ad Jesum Ser- 
vatorem," p. 246 ; and fram the second, " Do 
angelo onstode," p. 240. The latter very 
gi'aceful composition, commencing, " Cum mo 
tenent fallacia," is also in Lof tie's Latin Year, 
and, tr. into English, iu D. T, Morgan's Hys., 
Ac., of the Lai. Church, 1880. 

The poet during his latter years was pastor 
and superintendent at Krempe, in Holstein, 
where he d. May 9, 1645. [D. S. W.] 

Alas ! and did. my Saviour bleed. I. 

Walt*. [Pawiontide.] 1st pub. in the lBt 
ud. of his Hymn* and Spiritual Songs, 1707, 
and again in the enlarged ed. of the same 
1703, Bk. ii., No. 9,in 6 St. of 4 1., and entitled 
"Godly sorrow arising from the Sufferings of 
Christ." At a very early date it passed into 
common use outside of the religious body with 
which Watts was associated. It is found in 
many modern collections in G. Brit., but its 
most extensive use is in America. Usually 
the second Btanza, marked in the original to 
be left out in singing if desired, is omitted, 
both in the early and modem collections: 

A slightly altered version of this hymn, 
with the omission of st. ii., was rendered into 
Latin by the Rev. E. Bingham, as "Anne 
fimdens sanguinem," was included in his 
Mymnol. ChrieU Lot., 1871, pp. 245-247. 

Alas! by nature how depraved. J. 
Newton. [X*nf.] Appsared in the Olney 
Hymn*, 1779, Bk. ii., No. 29, in 7 st. of 4 1, 
and based on the words, "How shall I put 
thee among the children ? " Jer. iii. 19. As 
given in Snepp's S. of O. & (?., 1872, No. 450, 
and elsewhere, it is composed ofst.i.-iv. of the 
original. 

Alas] what hourly dangers rise. 

Anne Steele. [Woial/u&wM.] 1st pub. in her 
Poems on Swjeets chiefly Devotional, 1760, 
vol. i. pp. 79-60, in 6 st. of 41., and entitled 



ALBER, ERASMUS 

" Watchfulness and Prayer," Matt. xsvL 7 
It was also reprinted in subsequent eds. of 
the Poem*, and in Sedgwick's reprint of her 
Hymns, 1863. In Williams & Bodcn's Coll., 
1801, No. 362, it was abbreviated to 4 st., and 
this example has been mostly followed to the 
present day. Its use in G, Brit, is very 
limited ; but in America it is somewhat ex- 
tensive, aud varies in length from 3 to 5 et., 
the Sabb. H. Bh., 1858, No. 037, being an 
exception in favour of the complete text, with 
the single alteration of "my" to " mine eyes " 
in st. 1. 

Alber, Erasmus, son of Tileman Albor, 
afterwards pastor at Engelroth, was b. at 
Sprendlingen o. 1S0O. After studying at 
Wittenberg under Luther and Melanchthon, 
he became, in 1525, schoolmaster at St. Ursel, 
near Frankfurt-am-Main, and in 1527 at 
Heldenborgen, in Hesse Darmstadt. In 1528 
he was appointed by the Landgravo Philip 
of Hesse pastor at Sprendlingen and Gdtzen- 
hain, where ho devoted himself specially to 
the children of his charge. After 11 years' 
service he was appointed by the Elector 
Joachim of Brandenburg court preacher at 
Berlin, but proving too faithful for the court, 
was, in 1541, removed as ehief pastor to Neu 
Brandenburg. In 1542 lie became pastor at 
Btadc, inWetteravia, and while there received, 
in 1543, the degree of Doctor of Theology 
from the University of Wittenberg. He was 
then invited, in the beginning of 1545, by 
the Landgrave Philip IY, of Hanau Lichten- 
berg, to perfect the work of the Reformation 
in Babenliausen, but no sooner bad he fairly 
entered upon it thsn, in the end of October, 
he received his dismissal. After a short 
stay at Sprendlingen and at Wittenberg, 
he became preacher at Magdeburg, where he 
strongly denounced the Interim (see Agtiedta). 
On the capitulation of Magdeburg, in 1551, 
after a 14 months' siege, he Bed to Hamburg, 
and then wont to Lubeck. Finally, in 1552, he 
was appointed by Duke Albrccht I. of Meck- 
lenburg, General Superintendent of Mecklen- 
burg, and preacher at St. Mary's Church in 
Neu Brandenburg. In addition to losing all 
his own and his wife's property by confiscation 
and necessary expenditure, he was there un- 
able to obtain from the Town Council tho 
payment of bis stipend. On May 4, 1553, he 
applied for the payment of 60 florins to relievo 
bis urgent necessities. The refusal broke his 
heart. He returned home to die, and fell 
asleep at 9 a.m. on May 5, 1553, 

One of the lest writers lor children in his day, and an 
ardent controversialist and martyr of freedom of speech, 
he has been by some ranked, na a bymn-WTlter, next to 
Lather, In the Reformation period. Hishymns,20inall, 
were first collected by Dr. StromberBer, and pub. at 
Halle, 1857. Being mostly long, and ungainly in style, 
not many of them have kept a place in tfie hymn-books, 
though they nave been justly styled "powerful and 
living witnesses of a steadfast faith and a manly trust 
In God's Word" (JToca, 1. 3Ol-30Sj AUg. Deutsche 
JHoff. i. 21&-20; Dr. Stromberger's Prtfacei Bote, pp. 
35-3S— the last stating that his father was a school- 
master at o^rendlingen.) Two have been tr. into Eng- 
lish. One of these, beginning " ChrisUs, da bist der hello 
Tag," is a tr., and la noted under, " Chrlste qui lux es 
et dies," 

The only original hymn by Alher tr. into 
English is — 



ALBERTI, HBINRICH 

L Sun &eut euoh Gottaa Kinder all. [jtscca- 
sm>m.] 1st pub, on a broadsheet, ]f.P. N.o., 
it. 1549, aud thence in Wackernagel, iii. p. 831, 
in 29 st. of 4 1. In a broadsheet at Nilrnberg, 
cj. 1555, it is entitled, "Of the Fruits of the 
Ascension of onr Lord Christ and of the Gifts of 
the Holy Spirit," and begins — " Freut euoh ihr 
Guttes Kinder all." This farm is included in 
Dr. Stromberger's ed. of Aiber's Gclatlkhm Lieder, 
1857, p. 5. lu the hymn-books it is generally 
abridged, and so the Berlin G. L. S. ed. 1863, 
839, giresl6 st. (i.-vi., ii.-xi., iiii.,xviii.,][xv.- 
i*iK., oftlie first form). A tr.; — 

OHildren of your Odd rejoice, of St. i., ii., iv., 
ixvil.-uii., by A. T. Russell, is given as Xo. 
123, in hisPj. &Hys. 1851. See also Diterieh, 
J. & (Avf, Jem Jiinger). fJ. M.] 

Alberti, or Albert, Heinrich, s. of 

Jnhann Alberti, tax oolleetor nt Lobenstein, in 
Voigtlaud (Reuss), b. at Lobenstein, June 28, 
1604. After some timo spent in the study of law 
nt Leipzig, ho went to Dresden tiud studied 
music under his uncle Hcinrioh Scbuta, the 
Court Capellmeister. He went to Konigsberg 
in 1626, and was, in 1631, appointed organist 
of the Cathedral. In 1636 he wus enrolled 
a member of the Poetical Union of Konigs- 
berg, along with Daeh, Roberthin, and nine 
others. Ho d. nt Konigsberg, Oct 6, 1651. 
His hymns, which exhibit him as of a pious, 
laving, true, and artistic nature, appeared, 
with those of the other members of the Union, 
in his Arien etliohe theft* geutiiahe, theiU welt' 
liche tar Andadkt, guten Sitten, Keaecher Liebe 
and EhrenJuit dUnende Lteder, pub. separately 
in 8 pts., 1038-1650, and in a collected form, 
Konigsberg, 1652, including in nil, 118 seculor, 
and 74 sacred pieces. Of the 78 sacred melo- 
dies which ho composed andpub. in these 8 
pts., 7 came into German 0. V.(Koch,iii. 191- 
197; Allg. Deutsche Biog., i. 210-212, the 
latter dating his dtatb, 1655 or 1656). 

Two of his hymns have been tr. into Eng- 
lish, viz. :— 

i, Dbt rftuhe Herbft kammt vieder. {Atrfumn.] 
1st pub. as above in pt. viii., 1650, Xo. 9, 
in 9 st. of 6 1., entitled " On the happy depar- 
tuie, Sep. 2, 1648, of Anna Katheriae, beloved 
little daughter of Herr Andreas Hollander," of 
Kneiphof, Included, as No. 731, in the U)tv. L. 
8., 1851, omitting st. iii., viii., ii. 

The tn. an t — 

(1) " The Autnmn is returning," by Mies Maninaton, 
1863, p. ITS. (u) *• Sad Autumn's moan returnetu, in 
E. Maggie's Sacred Odd, vol. Ii. 186?, p. 1. 

ii. Gott del Himniels uad der Brden. [fci%,] 
First pub. as above in pt. v. 1643, Ho. 4, iu 7 st. 
of 6 1., included as No. 459 in the Urn. L. S., 
1851. 

Of this hymn Dr. Cosaclc, of Konigsberg (quoted 
in Aba*, viii. 186), says:— 

" For two hundred yews it is hardly likely that a 
■ingle day has greeted the esith that has not. here and 
la™, in German lands, been met with Albertfe hymn. 
Hardly another montlng hymn can be oompuvd with it, 
as far as popularity and intrinsic value are concerned, if 
simplicity and devotion, purity of doctrine and adapta- 
tion to all the circumstances or lift are to decide." 

Sts. ii., iii., v. have been special favourites in 
Germany, st. v. being adopted by children, by 
brides, by old and young, as a morning prayer. 



ALBERTINI, J. B. 



35 



The due melody (in the Irish Ch. Hymnal tailed 
" Godcsberg ") is also by Alberti. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. God, the Lord of what'a oreated, in full in 
J. C, Jacobi's Din. Ilys. 1720. p. 35. In his 
2nd od. 1732, p. 169, altered to— " Gnd, the Lord 
of the Creation " ; and thence slightly altered 
as No. 478 ia part i. of the Moravian H. M., 
1754, with a dox, as in the Magdeburg G, Ii., 
1696. In 1789, No. 743, altered to— "God, 
omnipotent Creator"; with st. it., iv,, vii., 
omitted ; st. iii., viii. being also omitted iu tho 
1801 and later ed. Iu 1868, st. iii.-v. were in- 
cluded as No. 511 iii the Pennsylvania Luth. 
Ch. Bk., with st, ii. t vi., vii, from A. T. Russell. 

1. God, Thou Lord of Earth and Heaven, in full, 
byH. J. Buekoll in his H. from the German, 1842, 
p. 22. His trt. of st. iv,-vi, beginning — " Now the 
morn new light is pouring," were included as 
No. 3 in the Rugby School II. Bk., 1848 (ed. 
1878, No. 4), and of st. v., vi., altered to 
"Jesus! Lord! our steps be guiding," as No. 130 
in Dr. Pagensteeher's Coll., 1864. 

S, God, who heaven and earth, unholdeet. A 
good tr. omitting st. iv. and based on Jnoobi, bv 
A. T. Russell, as No. 64 in the Dalston Hospital 
Coll., 1848. In his own Pt. $ Hy$., 1851, No. 3, 
the trt, of st. vi., vii. were omitted, and this was 
repeated as No. 218, in the New Zealand Hymnal, 

1872. The Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bk, takes 
st. i. partly from Miss Wink worth. 

4. God who madest earth and heaven, Father, 
Bon, and Holy Ghost. A good and full tr. by Miss 
Winkworth in her Lyra Qer., 1st ser., 1855, 
p. 213 (later ed., p. 215, slightly altered). In 
full in R M. Ti» dor's Par, Ch, HymL, 1872, 
No. 27. A cento 'from st. i., 11. 1-4 ; v., II. 1-4; 
vi., 11. 1-4 ; with v., 11. 5, 6 ; and vii., 11, 5, 6, 
was included as No. 23 in the Irish Ch. Hyml. 

1873. In 1868, included in h. Kehfuess's C/atrvh 
at Sea, p. 79, altered to — "Creator of earth and 
heaven." In 1863 it was altered in metre and 
given as No. 160 in the C. B, far England. 
From this Porter's Church Hyml., 1876, No. 54, 
omits st. iii. Also in the Ohio Lutheran Hymnal, 
1880, No. 293. 

J. God who madest earth and heaven. A good 
tr. omitting st. vii., and with st. i., 11. 1-4, from 
Miss Winkworth, contributed by R. Mnssio, as 
Up. 501, to the 1857 ed. of Mercer's C. P. $ 
II. Bk. (fix. ed. 1864, No. 7, omitting st. v.). 

A. God of mercy and of might. A good tr. 
(omitting st. v., vi ,) by Dr. Kennedy, as No. 811, 
in his Hymrwt. Christ., 1863, repeated in Dr. 
Thomas's Aug. It. Bk. 1866, No. 510 ; and, omit- 
ting the tr. of st. vii., as No. 31, in Holy Song, 
1809. [J. M.] 

Albertini, Johann Baptist, e. of Jakob 
Ulrich v. Albertini, a native of tho Orisons, 
Switzerland, who hud joined the Moravians, 
and settled among them at Neuwied, near 
Ooblenz, b. at Neuwied Feb. 17, 1769. After 
passing through the Moravian school at Niesky, 
and their Theological Seminary at Barby, in 
both of -which he hod Friedrioh Sohlcier- 
macher ns a fellow- student, he was, ia 1788, 
appointed ono of the masters in the Moravian 
school at Niesky, and in 1789 at Barby. In 
1796, he was appointed tutor at tho Theologi- 
cal Seminary nt Nieaky, aud ordained as 



36 



ALBERX7S, ERASMUS 



dtaconus of the Moravian Church. Up to this 
time he had devoted himself chiefly to the 
study of the Oriental languages, and of butany, 
hut now his studies of Holy Scripture for his 
theological lectures and for the pulpit, brought 
him to the feet of Christ, whose earnest und 
devoted disciple and witness he henceforth be- 
came. InlSOlherelinquishedhiatutorialwork 
to devote himself entirely to ministerial labour 
in Niesky, where he was, in 1810, ordained 
presbyter. In Feb. 1814 he went to Gnculen- 
berg, near Bunzlau, Silesia, as head of the 
Girls' School, and preacher; and while on a 
visit to Herrnhut, was, Aug. 24, 1814, consti- 
tuted a bishop of the Moravian Church. By 
the synod of 1818, he was appointed to Gnaden- 
i'rei, near Reiohenbach, Silesia, and after three 
years of faithful and successful labour, was 
chosen one of the heads of the Moravian 
Church (one of the Unttatt-Aeltesten-Con' 
fcreuz), his special department being the over- 
sight of their charitable and educational estab- 
lishments ; and in 1824 President of the Con- 
ference. In love and meekness he ruled and 
visited the churches till, in Nov. 1831, an 
illness seized him, which terminated fatally 
at Berth elsdwf, nenr Herrnhut, Dec. 6, 1831. 
{Koch, vii. 330-331; AUg. DeuUehe Biog.,i. 
216-217.) Distinguished as apreachcrbeyond 
the bounds of bis church, he was, in the 
estimation of Koch, apart from Noralie, the 
most important hymn-writer of his time — 
spiritual, simple, and childlike. Yet it must 
be said that his brother Moravian, C. B. Garve, 
and E. M. ArncU, are more fully represented 
in hymnals since 1820. Albertini's hymns 
appeared to the number of 400, (many, how- 
ever, being single verses.) in his GeMiohe 
Under /trr Mitglieder und Freunde dor Brtitler- 
rftmeim, Buuzlaa, 1621 (2nd ed. 1827). None 
of them have passed into English C. U., and 
the only three we have to note are : — 



i. Brenne hell, dm Lamp* miner Seels. [Se- 
cond Advent.] On the Lamp of the Wise Virgin. 
1st pub. 1821, as above, p. 130, in 3 St. of 8 1, 
The only b: is, "Lamp within me I brightly 
burn and glow," by Hiss Winhviorth, 1869, p. 311, 

II. Fnund, komm in d« TrShe, [JKbrn/n^.] 
1st pub. 1831, as above, p. 273, in 5 st. of 10 1. 
Tr. as, " Come nt the morning hour," by Miss 
Borthwick in H. L. L. 1802 (ed. 1832, p. 256; 
1884, p. ISO). 

ill. Langit subtest du, mala Gezst I oia ashes 
Winn. [Christmas,] 1st pub. 1821, as above, 
p. 9, In 5 st. of 6 1. Tr, as, " Long in the 
spirit world my soul had sought," by Jftss Wink- 
worth, 1855, p. 191 (later eds. p. 193), assigned 
to St. Thomas's Day. [J. M-] 

Alberus, Srasmus. [Alber.] 

Alblnufl, Jbhann Goorg, eldest e. of 
Zachnrias Albinus, pastor at Unter-Nessa, 
near Weissenfels, Saxony, 1621-1633, and at 
Stublburgwerben, 1633-1685, was b. at Unter- 
Nessa, March 6, 1624. After his father's 
death, in 1633, he was, in 1638, adopted 
by his cousin, Lucas Pollio, diaconus at St, 
Nicholas's Church in Leipzig, After bis cou- 
sin's death, in 1C43, the Court preacher, Sebas- 
tian Mitternacht, of Naumburg, took an inte- 
rest in him, and he remained at Naumburg 



ALBINUS, J. G. 

till he entered the University of Leipzig, in 
1845. He studied for eight years at Leipzig, 
during which time he acted as house tutor to 
the Burgomaster, Dr. Friedrich Kiiblwoin, 
and was then, in 1653, appointed Rector of the 
Cathedral School at Naumburg, This post he 
resigned when, in 1657, be became pastor of 
St. Othmar's Church, in Naumburg. There be 
proved himself a Jealous pastor, seeking ever 
"the glory of God, the edification of the 
Church, and the everlasting salvation, well- 
being, and happiness of his bearers." During 
his ministry he suffered greatly, not only from 
bodily infirmities, but from ecclesiastical en- 
croachments and bickerings. The end came 
when, on Rogation Sunday, May 25, 1679, he 
quietly fell asleep in Jesus, at 2.30 P.M. On 
his tombstone his eldest sou placed the inscrip- 
tion, " Cam viveret, raoriebatur, et nunc- cum 
mortuus vivit, quia soiebat, quod vita via sit 
mortis et mors vitao introitus." Daring his 
student days he was known as a poet, became, 
in 1651, a member of the Fruitbeariug Society, 
and was also a member of Philipp v. Zesen's Pa- 
triotic Union. As a poet he was, says Koch, 
" distinguished by ease of style, force of ex- 
pression, and liveliness of fancy, and his 
manner of tliought was scrifjtnrat and per- 
vaded by a deep religious spirit" (Koch, iii, 
392-98 ; AUg. DmdscKe Biog. i. 222-228). Of 
the many hymns he composed, and pub. in his 
various poetical works, only threo bavo been 
tr. into English, viz. : — 

I. Alls sTensehsn mitten itwttn. [For tht 
Dying.'] This hymn, which Koch, iii. 397, calls 
"his best known hymn, and a pearl in the Evan- 
gelical Treasury of Song," was written for the 
funeral of Paul von Henssberg, a Leipzig mer- 
chant, and was thus sung, from broadsheets, 
June 1, 1652. It wns given in Xiedling's Whu- 
terqwlk, Altenburg, 1663, and gradually came 
into universal use, passing through Freyling- 
hausen's G. B., 1704-, into most subsequent col- 
lections, as in the Urn. L. 3., 1851, No, 804, in 
8 St. of 8 1, It was a great favourite of P. J. 
Spener, who sang it regularly on Snnday after- 
noons; of J. F. Hochstetter, Prelate ofMurr- 
hardt, and many others (A'ocA, viii. 628-631). 
In the Blatter /tr Sj/mnotogie, 1884, pp. «i-ea, tbs 
text is quoted In foil ft™ the original broadsheet 
[Ducal Library, GotbaJ, tbe title of which ends » Mlt 
seiner Foesie and Mustek erwelsen wollen Johannes 
RoeenmuUer." Bosenmllller is not. however, known as 
a bynm-writer, and this statement Is hardly enlBclent to 
overthrow the traditional ascription to Alblnua, 

The trt. in C, V. are :— 

1. Death o'er all his tway maiataineth. A good 
tr. of st. i., Hi.-v., by A. T. Kttssell, u No. 260 
in his Pi. $ Hyt., 1851. Included, considerably 
altered and beginning, " Death in all this world 
prevaileth," as No. 745 in Kennedy, 1863. 

>, Hark ! a Tales aaith, all ai* mortal. A good 
tr., omitting st. v., viii., asNo. 196"by Miss Wink- 
worth in her C. B. for England, 1863, and with 
a tr. of at. v. added as No. 429 in the Ohio Luth, 
ifynmo/, 1880. 

Othsr tra. trt • — 

(1) " All must die 1 there's no redemption," by Dr. 
IT. JfOlt, IB5S, p. 2M, 1st pub. (reading * no atatvm ") 
in the Seang. Xaiew, Gettysburg, Oct. 1861. <h) <• All 
that's haman still mast perish," by Dr. John Km, in the 
V, P. Jav. MUt. Mag. Jnly, ISM. (3) "'Tie God's 
decree that all shall die," by Dr. O. Wilier, l&W, p. 1W. 



ALBINUS, J. G. 

U. Straf mioh nioht in dehum Zorn, [Ps. vi.] 
Of the origin of this hymn, J. C. Wetzel, i. 46, 
and ii. 404, relates what seems rather an apocry- 
phal story to this effect : — - 

Johann RosetunttUer, while music director at lelpilg, 
had been guilty of Improper practleei with some or bis 
scholars. He waa thrown into prison, but tuning made 
hla escape, went to Hamburg. Thence he aent ajwtition 
for restoration to the Elector Johann Qeore at Dresden, 
and to support hla petition enclosed this hymn, which 
Albums had written for him, along with the beautifbJ 
melody by himself (In the Irish Oi.Bymi.,\Vtt; called 
Nassau, In the Darmstadt G. B. 169s, p. W). 

This, if correct, would date it about 165S, and 
Koch, ill 398, says it was printed separately in 
that year. The earliest hymn-book in which it is 
found is Lnppius's Andtiehtig Singmder Christen 
Xund, Wesel., 1692, p. 20. It is a beautiful 
hymn of Penitence (by Kiss TRnAworfA assigned 
to Ash-WednesdayX Included as No. 273 in 
Freylinghansen's 0. B n 1704, and recently as 
No. 535 in the Berlin Q. L. 8., ed. 1863, in 7 at, 
of 8 I. The trs. in C. U. are :— 

1. do not afainat me, Lord. A good tr. of at. 
i., iii., vi., vii., by A. T, Knaaell, as No. 79 in 
hh Ft. # ffys., 1851. 

9. Hot in anger, mighty God. A good tr. 
omitting st. ii., iv,, as No. 41 in Miss Wink worth's 
C. B. for England, 1863, and thence as Ko. 205 
in the Temple H. Jik. 1867, as No. 323 in the 
Fi-ee Church II. Bh. 1882, and omitting the tr. of 
st. vi., aa No. 78 in the Upp. & Sherh. School H. 
Bh. 1874. In America aa No. 398 in the Evaag. 
Hymnal, New York, 1880, in full. 

S. Vet in anger, Lord, Thou wilt. A tr. of st. 
i., iii., vi., vii., signed " X. X." as No. 59 in Dr. 
Pagenstecher'e Coll. 1864, 

4. Oaat ms not in wrath away, A tr. of st. 
i.-iii., vii., by E. Cronenwett, as No. 235 in the 
Ohio Lutheran Hymnal, 1880. 

Other trs. are : — 

{1} " Lord! withdraw the dreadfal atorm," by J. C. 
JaeoU, 1120, p. 41; 17M,p.«3i in his second ed., 1131, 
p. SS, greatly altered, and beginning, " O my God, avert 
the storm." (a) " Kot In anger amite ua, Lord," by Xits 
WfnfcuwrtA, 1BSS, p. 6S. (3) » In Thine sager smite 
me not," by s. L. ProthingMn, lslo, p. 159. 

iii. Welt, Ado! ieh Inn debt mune, [For the 
Dying.] 1st printed on a broadsheet for the 
funeral of Johanna Magdalene, daughter of the 
Archidiacunua Abraham Teller, of St. Nicholas's 
Church, Leipzig, who died Feb. 27, 1649, and 
included in Albinns's Geistlicher gehamischter 
Sriegeshtld, Leipzig, 1675. Also given in the 
Bayreuth G. B. of 1660, p. 542, and recently aa 
No. 642 in the Um. L. S. 1851, in 9 st. of 8 1. 
The tr. in C. U. is :— 

World, farewell ! Of thae I'm tired. A full and 
good tr. in the 2nd Ser., 1858, of Miss Wink- 
worth's Lyra Qer., p. 207. In her C. B. for 
England, 1863, No. 198, at. iii., iv., vi. were 
omitted. Her trs. of II. 1-4, of st. viii., v., vi., 
iv., beginning, " Time, thou speedest on bnt 
slowly," were included as No. 1305 in Robinson'a 
Songs for the Sandy., 1865, as No. 1392, in the 
H. £ Songs of Praise, New YoTk, 1874, and Ch. 
Praise Bk., 1882, No. 652. Another tr. is: — 
"World, farewell, iny soul is weary," by ifiss 
Daan, 1857, p. 113. [J. M.] 



ALBBECHT 



37 



Albrecht, a, of Casfmir, Margrave of 
Brandenburg-Oulmbach in Lower Francotiia, 
b. at Ansbacb, Mar. 28, 1522. Alter his 
father's death he was well and piously edu- 
cated by his uncle and guardian, Georg of 
Brandenburg. Distinguished aa a boy for 
daring, on attaining hi* majority he adopted 
the profession of anna, gaining for himself the 
title of the " German Alcibiades." He ac- 
companied tbe Emperor Charles Y. to his 
French war in 1544, and again, against the 
Sohmalkald Evangelical Union, in 1546. But 
In 1552 he took his proper stand aa an Evan- 
gelical prince against the Emperor, and set 
earnestly to wort to break down the Im- 
perial power. While ravaging Lunebnrg he 
was met in battle, July 9, 1553, at Sievers- 
haueen, by his old friend Moritz, Elector of 
Saxony, and in the bloody conflict his forces 
were shattered, and Moritz mortally wounded. 
On Sept. 12 he was again defeated at Bruns- 
wick, and after being besieged at Schweiufurt, 
received his final overthrow at Eulenberg, 
June 13, 1554, escaping to France with only 
sixteen followers. In his troubles he acknow- 
ledged the hand of God on bim, and repented 
of tiis former errors. By the intercession of 
his uncles he waa permitted to appear nt 
Begensburg to plead for the restoration of his 
lands, On his return be was seized with ft 
fatal illness while visiting hiB brother-in-law, 
ttie Margrave Charles II. of Baden, at Pforz- 
heim, and died there, repentant and firm in 
the faith, Jan. 8, 1557 (Rock, i. 339-313: Attg. 
Deutsche Biog., i. 252-257, &c.). The only 
hymn ascribed to bim is — 

Waa mein Oett will, du g'eehah dllieit, [Trust 
in Oorf.] Waclternagct, iii. p. 1070-71, gives 
two forms of this hymn, the first from FUnff 
Schtine Geistliche Lieder, Dresden, 1556, the 
second from a broadsheet at Nurnberg, c. 1554. 
Both contain 4 at. of 10 I., but aa st. iv. in 
1556 is a doxology, the hymn may originally 
have had five st. or only three. Bode, pp. 
324-5, quotes a broadsheet, Nurnberg, N,»., 
probably earlier than the above, where it has 
only 3 st. In the Copenhagen 8. B., 1571, it 
is entitled, "Des alten Churfursten Markgraff 
Albrecht's Lied," which leads Wackernagel to re- 
mark, " Who wrote it for hiro, or who could 
have dedicated it to him, there is no proof." Ou 
the other hand, Koch, i. 341-343, Zanxmam iu 
Koch, viii. 361-364, and Fischer, ii. 335-336, 
are inclined to ascribe it to him as author. Who- 
ever was the author, the hymn is n very good 
one, and has always been a favourite hymn of 
consolation in sorrow, and at the hour of death, 
among the pious in Germany. The second form, 
which is that tr. into English, is incladed, as No. 
841, in the Vnv. L. S., 1851, 

The tea. are : — 

(1) * God la my comfort and my tow'r," a tr. of at ii. 
" Gott let mein Trust, mein Zuversicbt," as No. 320 in 
pt. 1. of the Moravian H. Bk. 1>54. (2) "The will 
of God la alwaya best," by B. Lstrobe, as Ho. 481 in 
tbe Moravian if. life, irso, and repeated in later eds. 
(3) "God works His wlil, and beet it is," by Dr. S. 
WaUta, 19W), p. «. (4> "Wbate'er God will, let that 
be done," by N. I.. f'Tothingham, IBto, p. 141, included 
In the SobaJi^Jilmsn Library qf Rtl. Poetry, ed. isea, 
p. B23. (SJ " Whit my God wills, be done alway," In 
the JJnmiiy Trtatury r 1SJT, p. Ill, without name of 
translator [J, M.] 



38 



ALDERSON, B. 8. 



Alderson, Eliza Sibbald, nee Dykeu, 
granddaughter of the Rev. Thomas Dykes, of 
Hull, and aster of the Rev. Dr. Dykes, b. in 
1818, and married, in 1850, to the Bev. W. T. 
Aldereon, some time chaplain to the West 
Riding Ho. of Correction, Wakefield. Mrs, 
Alderson is the author of the following hymns, 
tho first of which is likely to attain a com- 
manding position : — 

1. And now, beloved Lard, Thy tool resigntnc. 
[Poaaioaticfe.] A hymn of more than usual me rit, 
in 6 st. of 4 1., written in 1868 nt tho request 
of Dr. Dykes. In 1875, St. )., ii., v. and vi. t 
were given in the revised ed. of H. A. fy$f., No. 
121, with a special tune Commendatio by Dr. 
Dykes. The full original test is restored in 
Thring's Coll., 1882, No. 170. 

S. Lord of gl«y, Who hast bought ui, [Alms- 
giving.'] Written in 1804, in 5 st. of 8 1., and 
pub. in the App. to //. A. 4 M., 1868, No. 372, 
and repeated in the revised ed. 1875, No. 367, 
Mrs. Alderson says, " It was the very strong 
feeling that a tithe of our income was a solemn 
debt to God and His poor, which inspired it." 
Dr. Dyke^s tune " Gkariias " was composed for 
this hymn. 

Aldridge, William, b. at Warminster, 
Wilts, 1737, for some years a minister in Lady 
Huntingdon's Connexion, and then of Jewry 
St. Chapel, London, cl. Fob. 28th, 1797. A. 
copy of his Hymns, 1776, is in the Cheshvint 
Coll. Library, and a BSeond in the Brit. Mas. 
These Hymns reached the 5th od. in 1789. 

Ales die! nuntiUB. A. C. Prudentiiis. 
[Tuesday Morning.'] This hymn is No. 1 in 
the Gaihemerinon of Prudentius, and is in 
25 st. of 4 1. The cento in use is composed of 
st. i., ii., xxi„ xxv. of the poem, and will be 
found in Daniel, i., No. 103 ; additional notes, 
ii. p. 382 ; iv. p. 33. In tlie Boawn lirev. it is 
tho hymn for Tuesday at Lauds. Also in 
the Hymn. Saritib., Lund. 1831, pp. 47, 18; 
which contains, besides the Sarum text, varia- 
tions from the York Use ; and among different 
readings from Monastic Uses, those of St. 
Alban\ Evesham, Worcester, St. Andrew de 
Bromhdm (Norfolk). It is also in the Aber- 
deen Breviary anil otliers. 

The text of this cento is also found in three 
hss. of the 11th cant, in the British Museum 
(Harl. 2901, f. 222 ; Vesp. D. xii. f. 15 b; 
Jul. A. vi. f. 25b); in tho Latin Hys. of the 
Anglo-Saxon. Church, 1851, p. 18, it is printed 
from a Durham Ms. of the 11th cent. \ in 
Matsgill'B Songs of the ClirisUaii Creed and 
Life, 1S76 and 1879; and others. For the full 
text see Prudentii Opera, Devcnter, c. 1490, 
London, 1824; Wachernagel, i., No. 27, and 
Macgill, as above, Nos. 84-86. [W. A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Hark J the bird at day sings clear. By W. J. 
Blew. 1st pub. on a broadsheet, with music, c. 
1850, and then in T/te Ch. Hy. $ Tu.no Bk. 1852, 
in 4 st. of l It was repeated in Rice's Hymns, 
1870, No. 107, This tr. is from the Sarmn Brw,' 
text. 

ft. The winged herald of the day. By J. M. 
Neale, 1st pub. in the enlarged ed. (1st ed. 1852) 
of the Hymnal A'., 1854, No. 19, and continued 



AI^XANDEB, J. W. 

in later editions. This tr. also from the Sarum 
text. 

3. Day's herald laid, with descant clear. By 
J. D. Chambers, in his Landa Syon, 1857, from 
the Sarum text, in 5 st. of 4 1. In 1867 it wa» 
rewritten as, "The herald bird of day pro. 
claims," in the Peace's H., No. 424. 

4. The bird, the haririnter of light. A cento in 
the Hymriary, 1872, No, 23. It is compiled from 
all the above, together with Bp. liant and Cas- 
wall. 

Tnnilatloiu not in O. IT. i — 

1. The biid,thehBrblngerofllHbt. Hunt, ISM. 

2. Now, while the herald bled of day. CatnaU, 1B49, 

3. The cock's shrlLl born proclaims the morn. Cope- 
land, 18*8. 

*. The Mid that bails tho early room, JfaegOt, me. 

5. The bird that heralds In the light. XacgOt, 1816. 

The flrst of those by Dr. Macglll Is a fall tr. of Pro- 
dentlus's text, and the second of tbe Jfreu. arrangement. 
Those by Bp, Mant and Cisw&U are tr*. from the 
Roman Jfnv. The whole hymn is Also translated in 
JT. Banks's Jtugae, 1854, pp. 151-181, as " The herald bird, 
tbe bird of morn." 

8. The bird of day, messenger. In tbe 1G4G Primer, 
and, as a teptint, in E. Burton's Three frtmert «f 
Entry Till., 1834. [J, J.] 

Alexander, Cecil Frances, n£e Hum- 
phreys, second daughter of the late Major 
John Humphreys, Miltown House, co. Tyrone, 
Ireland, b. 1823, and m. in 1850 to the Rt, 
Bev. W. Alexander, d.d., Bishop of Deny 
and Raphoe. Mrs. Alexander's hymns and 
poems number nearly 400. They are mostly 
for children, and were publislied in her Fersei 
for Holy Seasons, with Preface by Dr. Hook, 
1846 ; Poems on Subjects in the Old Testament, 
pt i. 1854, pt. ii. 1857 ; Narrative Hymns for 
Village Schools, 1853; Hymns for Little OhO- 
rt«tt,1848; Hymns Descriptive and Devotional, 
1858; The Legend of the Golden Prayers. 
1859; Moral Songs,ls.T>. ; The Lord of the Forest 
and his Vassals, an Allegory, Ac. ; or contributed 
to the Lyra Anglican®, tho S.P.C.K. Pt. and 
Hymns, Hymns A. & AT., and other collections. 
Some of tho narrative hymns are rather heavy, 
and not a few of the descriptive are dull, but 
a large Dumber remain which have won their 
way to tho hearts of the young, and found a 
home there. Such hymns as " In Nazareth in 
olden time," "All things bright and beauti- 
ful," " Onco in Royal David's city," <* There is 
a green hilt far away," "Jesus calls us o'er tho 
tnmult," "The roseate hues of early dawn," 
and otliers that might be named, are deservedly 
populnr and are in most extensive use. Mrs. 
Alexander lias also written hymns of a moro 
elaborate character ; but it is as a writer for 
children that she tins excelled. [J. D.] 

Alexander, James Waddell, 3>.b., s. of 
Archibald Alexander, D.D., b. at Hopewell, 
Louisa, county of Virginin, 13 Mar., 1804, 
graduated nt Princeton, 1820, and was suc- 
cessively Professor of Rhetoric at Princeton, 
1833; Pastor of Duano Street Presbyterian 
Ohuroh, New York, 1844 ; Professor of Church 
History, Princeton, 1849 ; and Pastor of 5th 
Avenue Presbyterian Church, New York, 
1851 ; d. at SweetspringB, Virginia, July 31, 
1859. His works include Gift to the Afflicted, 
Thoughts on Family Worship, and othors. His 
Letters were published by the Rev. Dr. Halt, 
in 2 vols., some timo after his death, and his 



ALEXANDER, J. A 

translations were collected and published at 
New York in 1861, under the tille, The Break- 
ing CVuciWe and other Translation). Of these 
translations the following ate in use , — " O 
Sawed Head, now wounded," a tr. of " Salve 
Caput," through the German ; *' Near the cross 
was Mary weeping," a tr. of "Stahat Mater"; 
and " Jesus, how sneet Thy memory is," a tr. 
of " Jean dulcis memoria." The annotations 
of these tr». are given under their respective 
Latin first lines. [F. M. B.] 

Alexander, Joseph Addison, s.n,, 
brother of Dr. J. W. Alexander, and a minister 
of the Presbyterian Church, b. in Philadelphia, 
April 24, 1809, graduated at Princeton, 1826, 
became Adjunct Professor of Latin, 1833, and 
Associate Professor of Biblical Literature, 
18S8, d, at Princeton, Jan. 28, 1860. Dr. 
Alexander was a great Hebraist, and pub- 
lished Commentaries on Isaiah, the Psalms, 
&c. His poem, Tito Doomed Man, was writ- 
ten for, and first published in, the Sunday 
School Journal, Phila., April 5, 18S7. It has 
striking merit, but mores in one of those doc- 
trinal circles whicli hymns generally avoid. 
Parts of it are found as hymns iu a few Cal- 
vinistio collections, as, "There is a time, we 
know not when," in the New York Clt. Praise 
hook, 1881, No. 288. This is sometimes given 
with tlio second stanza, " There is aline, by 
oa unseen," us in Noson's Coll.., and Robin- 
son's Songs for the Sanctuary, 1865. Unknown 
to English collections. [P, Jl. B,] 

Alexander, SirWiUlajn,!}. at Mcnstrie, 
the family estate, near Stirling, in 1580. In 
1611 he was knighted bj James I., and in 
1633, created Earl of Stirling by Charles I., d, 
in London, Feb. 12, 1GM, and was buried in 
the East Church, Stirling, April 12, 1610. He 
had the principal share in that version of the 
Psalms whicli, published as the work of King 
James, was sought to be forcod upon the 
Scottish Church, 163t-37 [SoetUth Hynuwdy, 
sect. ii. 3]. Bishop Williams, of Lincoln, in 
his funeral sermon for King James, says that 
James's " worke was staied in the one and 
thirty Psalme." A complete edition of Alex- 
ander's works, other tlian the Psalme, was 
published in 3 vols., 1870-72, as The Poetical 
Works of Sir William Alexander, Earl of 
Stirling (Glasgow, m, Ogle & Co.), 

Thin is the iibiuiI tuioount. Dr. Charles Kogers, how- 
ever, In Ills Memorials of the Earlt qf Stirling and the 
I&uteaf AUxandcr (JSdiii., W. rVtereou, » vols., luff), 
corvjectuially dates hU birth 1SGT, Siiya ho wan tlio only 
eonuf Alexander Alexander, describe* him as Knight 
tu 1GG9, and saya his licence was for 21 (not 3D years. 

[J. M.] 

Alexander, William, d.d., Bishop of 
Dorry, son of the Rev. Robert Alexander, 
Pi'eb. of Aghodowey, Ireland, b. in London- 
derry, April, 1824, and educated at Tunbridgo 
School, and Exeter and Braaenoso Culieges, 
Oxford, Entering holy orders, Bp. Alexander 
has hold successively the Rectory of Camus- 
juxta-Morne, co. Tyrone, anil the Deanery of 
Emly, 1864, and since 1867 has held the 
united Bishoprics of Derry and Raphoe. lip. 
Alexander's sacred poetry is found iu the 
Dublin JJuivertity Mag., The Spectator, (rood 
Words, Lyra Beit, and Lyra Anglicana, to- 



ALFORD, HENRY 



39 



gother with his Oxford prize poems, The 
Death of Jacob, and The Water* of Babylon, 
and in his Specimen* Poetical and Critical, 
privately printed, 1867. Little use, however, 
can be made of these compositions for liymno- 
logieal purposes. 

Alexander, William Lindsay, d.d., 
LtD., of Pinkiehurn, Musselburgh, s, of Wil- 
liam Alexander, Esq.,Leith, b, in the vicinity 
of Leith, August 24, 1808. After studying 
at the Universities of Edinburgh anil St; An- 
drew's, he became, in 1828, Classical Tutor 
in what is now The Lancashire College. 
After studying for some time at Halle, he, in 
1835, became minister of North College St 
Congregational Church, Edinburgh, removing 
with his congregotion in 1861 to anew church 
in George IV. Bridge, called the Augustine 
Church, and retired from the pastoral charge 
of the same in 1877. He d. at Pinkiebum, 
Dec. 20, 1884. He was, from 1854 to 1881, 
Professor iu the Scottish Congregational Hall. 
In 1846 ho received the degree of d.d. from 
the University of St. Andrew's, and in- 1881 
that of LL.D., from Edinburgh. Me became a 
member of the O. T. Revision Company iu 

1870. He wrote and edited many valuable 
theological works. His Sel. of llys. known 
as the Augustine H. Bh.,iii which his original 
hjmns and translations appeared, was first 
pub. in 1849. [BoottUh Hymnoij, § vi.] 

ri.it] 

Alford, Henry, ».n., son of the Rev. 
Hemy Alford, Rector of Aston Sandford, b. 
at 25 Alfred Place, Bedford Row, London, 
Oct. 7, 1810, and educated at Trin. Coll., 
Cambridge, graduating in honours, in 1832. 
In 1838 ho wns ordiiincd to the Curacy of 
Ampton. Subsequently he held the Vicarage 
of Wymeswold, 1835-1833; the Incumbency 
of Quebec Chapel, London, 1853-1857; and 
the Deanery of Canterbury, 1857 to his d< atfi, 
which took.plaoo at Canterbury, Jan. 12, 

1871. In addition he held several important 
appointments, inoluditig that of a Fellow of 
Trinity, and the Hulsean Lectureship, 1841-2. 
His literary labours extended to every depart- 
ment of literature, but his noblest undertaking 
was his cd. of the Greek Testament, the result 
of 20 years' labour. His kymiiological and 
poetical works, given below, were numerous, 
ami included the compiling of collections, 
the composition of original hymns, anil trans- 
lations from other languages. As a hymn- 
writer he added little to his literary reputation. 
The rhythm of his hymns is musical, but the 
poetry is neither striking, nor the thought 
originnl. They are evangelical in their teach- 
ing, but somewhat cold and convent ionul. 
They vary greatly in merit, the most popular 
being " Come, ye thankful people, come," 
"In token that thou shalt not fear," and 
"Forward bo our watchword." His collections, 
the Psalme and Hymns of 1844, and the Year 
of Praise, 1867, have not achieved a marked 
success. His poetical and hjmnologioal 
works include — 

(l) Hymns in the CAWffl&m Obterwr and the Chrit* 
tutn (?<tardta». Its 30, W iVremt and l*ottical Frag- 
ment* (no name), Cambridge,' J. J. Heighten, issa, 



40 



ALIQUA 



Q 



31 IV School if the Start, and other Poms, Cam- 
bridge, PiU Press, 183S. (4) £&H«t/«- (Jk Sunday! 
and fittivats throughout &te Year, fee, Load., Longman 
ft Co., 183*. (() Anlmi and Hymns, adapted for the 
Sunday* and inlidays throughout the year, ac, Load., 
Mviiigton, 184*. (fl) Peet&al Mo***, 3 yoIb,, Loud., 
Rivington, IMS, (t) Select Poetical World, Load., 
Rivlngton, 18SI. (it) An American ed. of his Poant, 
Boston, Tlcknor, Reed ft Field, 186S. (B) i"<i«in ff 
atoay, and lAfe's Answer, poems In Jfacmiflan's Jfagtxr 
tine, 186S, (10) tfWRtBp Kecasuter*. in ffwd H'ordf, 
1B44. (11) On Church ZfymnJftMto.lnthe Contemporary 
JSeriew, ISM. (II) 7<wr (jf JYaite, Lond., A. Strahon, 
I8«J. (13) Poetical Works, 186S. (14) Jft* Loiift 
Prober, 19S». (16) Pratt Bymnt, 184*. (16) .iWwt of 
tfuekelnaye, 1841, (IT) ^nAflt in British Maaatine, 
1632. (18) A (r. of Ctrafemtu iwii, q.v. [J, J},] 

Aliqua. The nam de plume of Mrs. Eliza 
O. Peirson, an American writer. 

Aliquia, A volume of Hys. for Villagers, 
was pub. in 1821, under this nam de plume. 

Alix. The nam de plains of J. H. Evans 
(q.v.) id the Family Visitor, 1827, &c. 

All around us, flair with flowers. 

[itVe's Hfa-lcl Given tie Anon, in Longfellow 
and Johnson^ Bk. of Hymns. 18*6, No. 306, 
and their .Hymns of the Sp irit, Bjstoo, U.S.A., 
1861, No. 576, in 5 st. of 4 1. 

AH creation groans and travails, 

J. M. Neale. [Cattle Plaque.] Written for 
the Fast Day for the Great Cattle Plague, 
1866, and first publislied in the Guardian, 
Shortly afterwards it was issued by Novello, 
with writable music. During the latter port 
of the same year it was included in Neale's 
original Sequence*, Hys., etc., pub. under the 
supervision of Dr. Littledule, Dr. Nenle having 
died a few months before. It is entitled "Cattle 
Plague Hymn," and consists of 10 at. of 4 1, 
In 1872 it was reprinted in the Hymnary. 

All from the suti'B uprise, G. Sandys, 
[Ps. c] This spirited and somewhat quamt 
rendtringofPs.e. appeared in his Paraphrase 
upon the Psalms of David, 1636, and 1640, 
pp. 120-21; and again, as a part of his P<tra- 
f&rase upon the Divine Poems, 1638 and 1640, 
in 3 St. of 8 1. It was also repeated in a 
beautiful edition of the Paraphrase of the 
Psalmet, 164S [Brit. Jtfra.l, and again in ail 
edition by the Rev. Richard Hooper, As 
given in Mnrtineau's earlier Hymns, &c, 1840, 
and in his later Hy», of Praise and Prayer, 
1873, it is unaltered. 

AH glorious God, what hymns of 
praise, P. Doddridge. [Praise.] In the 
"». mbs." this hymn is headed, "Of being 
prepared for the inheritance of the Saints in 
light A songof praise for Col. i. 12," and is 
dated "Dec. 13, 1736," No. xxix. The same 
text was given in J. Oi ton's ed. of Doddridge's 
(posthumous) Hymns, &c, 1755, No. 298, in 5 st. 
of 4 1., and, with slight changes, in J.D. Hum- 
phreys's ed. of the same, 1839, No. 324. Al- 
though e> hymn of praise of more than usual 
merit in many ways, it is rarely given in tho 
English collections, and found in but a few of 
the American hymnals- 
All glory and praise to Jesus our 
Lord. 0. Wetky. [Gift of the Holy Spirit.] 



ALL HAIL, MYSTERIOUS 

Pub. from the Wesley mss. in the Library of 
the Theological Institution, Richmond, in the 
P. Works of J. A 0. Wesley, 1868-72, vol. xiii 
p. 218, in 4 st. of 4 1. It previously appeared 
in the Amer. Math, Episo. H. PA., 1849, No. 201. 
Beyond this it is but little known. 

All glory to Ood in the sky. C. Wes- 
ley. [Christmas.! This is No. iviii. of his 
Hymns for the Nativity of our Lord, 1744, in 
5 st of 8 1. In 1780 it was given in full in 
the Wee, H. Bk., No. 211, and has been repeated 
in all later editions. (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. 
iv. p. 125.) Its nse amongst the Methodist 
bodies in all English-speaking countries is 
considerable ; but outside of Methodism it is 
but little known. 

All glory to our gracious Lord. C. 
Wesley, [Ps. cxviii] This paraphrase of 
Ps. cxviii. m 22 st. of 6 1., although pah. in 
the Psahns and Hymns of J. & C. Wesley, 
1 743, did not appear, in any form, in. the Wes. 
H. Bk, until the revised ed, of 1875, when two 
centos were given as one hymn (No. 616), in 
two parts, the first bting st. 1, it, 10, 11, 12 
and 15 ; and the second, " JesuB is lifted up on 
high," st 17-22. Full original text in the 
P. Works, 1868-72, vol. viii. pp. 204-208. 

All hail, dear Conqueror, all hail. 

F. W. Faber, [Easter.'] Appeared in his 
Jems and Mary, or (k(th»lic Hymns, &c, 1849, 
No. xii. in 10 st. of 4 1, and entitled " Jesus 
Risen." It was repeated in later editions of 
the same work, and in his Hymns, 1862. It 
is usually given in modern collections in 
an abbreviated and sometimes altered form. 
Amongst the hymnals iu which it is thus found 
are the Appx. to Hymnal N., No. 155 ; Hy». 
and Carols (Ch. Sisters' Home), No. 40 ; and 
the Scottish Presb. Ibrwc Hyml., No. 3 ; whilst 
the Holy Family Hys. retain the full text. 

All hail, Incarnate Ood, Elizabeth 
Scott. [Glory of Christ* Kingdom.] Contri- 
buted, under the signature of "S", to Ash and 
Evans's Bapt. Coll. of Hys., 1700, No. 358, in 
4stof 6 l.,and headed "The increasing Glory 
and Perpetuity of the Messiah's Kingdom. 
In 1787, on its republication in Rippon'a Bapt. 
8el, No. 430, to the st. ii. which reads: — 

" To Thee the hoary head 

Its silver honors pays; 

To Thee the blooming youth 

Devotes his brightest days ', 
And every ago their tribute bring 
And bow to Thee, all-conquering King"— 

this note was added : — 

" Composed on seeing An Aged saint and a youth taken 
into church communion together." 

In modem collections it is almost entirely 
confined to those of the Baptists and Congre- 
gationalists. It was introduced into the Ame- 
rican hymnals through Staughton's cd. of 
Bippon, 1813. Orig. text in Bant. Ps. and 
Hys., 1858, No. 199. [W, T. 15.] 

All hail, mysterious King. P. Dod- 
dridge. [Chriit the King.] This hymn on 
Rev. xxii. 16 is not in the ■< d. mss." It was 
1st pub. (posthumously) in his Hymns, &c, 
1755 No. 359, iu i st of 4 I., and entitled 



ALL HAIL, REDEEMER 

» Christ the Root and Offspring of David, and 
the Morning Star." It is also repeated in 
later eds. of tlie same work, and in the oor- 
rected and enlarged ed. by J. D. .Humphreys, 
1839. Its use in Gnat Britain is limited, 
and confined almost exclusively to the older 
collections ; but in America it is given in 
several hymnals. 

All bail, Redeemer of mankind. C. 

WesUy. [Holy Co'nnmtuon.'i One of the 
most pronounced and definite of C. Wesley's 
Sacramental Hymns. It appeared in the 
Hymns on the LoroTt Supper by J. AG. Wesley, 
1745, No. oxxiv., in 4 st, of 6 1, and was re- 
published in the P. Worts of J. a> G. Wesley, 
1868-72, vol. Hi. pp. 308-9. Its use as a 
congregational hymn is of recent date. In 
Potfa Hyt. fitted to the Order of Com. Pr. 
18«l,and Thring's Coll., 1882, st ii. is omitted. 
This is also, done in the Hymnary, 1872 ; but 
in this last, verbal alterations are introduced 
into the text of the hymn, and an additional 
stanza, " Acceptance in His Holy Name," ha* 
been appended thereto. The most striking 
stanza, in the original hymn is the third, in 
which' the daily celebration of the Holy Com- 
munion is set forth : — 

** Yet may we celebrate below. 
And dally thus Thiiie offering enow 

Exposed before Thy Father's eyes; 
In this tremendous mystery 
Present Thee Weeding on a tree, 
Out everlasting Sacrifice/' 

As a congregational bymn it is unknown 
outside the collections of the Ch. of England. 

All hail the glorious morn. John 

Peacock. [Re*, and As.of Christ] 1st printed 
in his Song* of Praise composed from tie Holy 
Scriptures, in Two Parts, Lend, Pashara, 1776. 
It is in 6 st of 8 1., is No. 87, and is headed, 
"The Resurrection and Ascension of Christ" 
In 1806 it was included in Dobell's Coll. with 
slight alterations, and thence passed into a 
few American hymnals. [W. T. B.] 

All hall 1 the power of Jesus' Name. 

E. Petronet [On the Resurrection.') In the 
Nov. number of the Gospel Magazine, 1779, 
tlie tune by Shiubsolc, afterwards known as 
"Miles Lane," appeared with the following 
words : — 

"All bait! thepow'rof Jesu's Name; 
Let angele pruatrate fait ; 
Bring forth the Royal Diadem, 
To crown mm Lord of all." 

In the following April, 1780, the complete 
hymn, with the title, "On the Resurrection, 
the Lord is King," was given in the came 
magazine, the additional verses being : — 

" Let highborn seraphs tune the If re, 
And as they tuoe it, fall 
Before His face wbo tunes their choir, 
And crown Him Lord of all, 

Crown Him ye morning stars of light. 

Who fiVd tbla floating ball ; 
Now hail the strength of Israel's might, 

And crown Him Lord of all. 

Grown Him, ye martyrs of your U.kI, 

Who from Ills altar call ; 
Extol the stem of Jesse's rod, 

And crown HEm Lord of all. 



ALL HAIL ! THE POWER 41 

Te seed of Israel's chosen race, 

Ye ranmm'd of the fall. 
Hall Him Woo saves you by His grace. 

And crown Hun Lord of all. 

Hall Htm, ye betrs of David's line, 

Wbran Da-rid Lord did call; 
The God Incarnate, man Divine, 

And crown Him Lord of all. 

Sinners I whose love can ne'er forget 

The wormwood and die gall, 
do—spread your trophies at His feet, 

And crown Him Lord of all. 

Let every tribe and every tongue 

That bound creation's call, 
Now shout In universal song, 

The crowned Lord of all.* 1 

In 1785 it was included by the anthorin his 
Occasional Verses, Moral and Sacred, p. 22, 
and entitled, " On tlie Resurrection." 

One of the earliest compilers to adapt the 
hymn was G. Border, in the 2nd ed. of his 
CoK., 1784, No. 190. It is headed " The Coro- 
nation Hymn," and consists of 4 stanzas, being 
st L, vti., v., and viii. of the original, with tlie 
following alterations: — 

a. 1,1.4. "And crown." 

St. 111., 1. 1. " Ye soult redtem'do/Aikm's race, 
Ye ransom'd/rom." 



et.iv. 



1 Ijet eeVy tribe, and eo'rw tongue, 
~~ rtfila" '" 



T^rotiffhoHt this earthly oatl. 
Unite in one harmonious tiona, 
And crow* him 1/trd af ail." 

It may bo worth notice that tins bymn is 

immediately followed by another written in 

1 imitation of it, and headed "The Prince of 

j Peace" (adapted to the same tune). The 1st 

stanza is : — 

" Let saints on earth tbetr anthems raise, 
Wbo taste the Saviour's grace ; 
Let salnta In beav'n proclaim his praise, 
And crown him "Prince of Peace." 

This hymn is in 4 stanzas, and is signed " E." 
(Le. Jonathan Evans). In the same year an- 
other and much altered form appeared in 
Dr. Rippon's Sel of Hys„ 1787, No. 177. As 
this adaptation is the received text in G. Brit, 
and America, we give it (with the alterations 
and additions made by Dr. Rippon, in italics), 
together with the curious titles which weie 
added to the stanzas: — 

The Spiritual Coronation, Cant iii. 11. 

1. "AKQEL9. 

All'baEl, the power of Jeans' name 1 

Let angela prostrate fall: 
Bring forth the royal dUulem, 

Ami crown Him Lord of all. 

a. Maetitks. 
[Crown Him, ye martyrs of our Cod, 

Who from His altar call { 
Kxtol the Stem of .Teste's rod. 

And crown Him Lord of alio 

3. CONVSRTSD JEWS. 

[Ye chosen teed of ItratVs rate, 

A remnant veak and snail t 
Hail Him, who savi'S you by Ills grace, 

And crown Him Lord of all.] 

4. Believikq Gsntilks, 
ye GcntiU tinners, ne'er forget 

The wormwood and the gall ; 
Go— spread your trophies at His feet, 

And crown Him Lord or all. 

6. Stokers of evert Age. 
[Babct, men, and siret, teho fcflow Sit lone 

Who feet your tin and ihralt, 
Acrto joy with aU the hosts abuvc. 

And craitfi Htm tjsrd vf all.] 



42 



ALL HAIL i THE POWER 



G, SiNNtna or wntat NAtiott. 
Let every fctm(r*i, every tribe; 

On thw terrestrial ball. 
To Him all majetty atcrtfx. 

And crown HimLardot till, 
?, OcttfliirVfii. 
Ofc that, with wander sacred throng, 

we at His feet may fall; 
We'll join the everlastinff song, 

And crcrton Him Lord of aU" 

By comparing this text vritli that of modem 
hymnals, it will bo at ouco seen that this 
revised 11 nd rewritten form of the text is that 
upon which all modern forms of tlie hymn are 
bascdj and that the correct designation Li " E. 
Penvnet, 1779-80; J. Jft™n*1787," The firet 
lino has also been altered in some collections 
to (1) " All hail 1 the great ImmanweVt name " 
(sometimes " Emmanuel "). This was given in 
Wilke's edition of WhitoMd'a Coll., 1798, and 
has been continued to modern hymnals. We 
have also ; (2) ** All hail 1 the great Ite- 
deemert name,," in a very limited nnmber of 
liymn-books, [J.J,] 

A claim to tlie authorship of this hymn lias 
Loou made for tlie Eev* John Duncan, Liui)., 
who became in 1800 minister of the Scota 
church, Peter Street, Golden Square, London* 
The sole foundation, however, for this claim 
is tlie erroneous ascription of the hymn to 
Duncan in J, DobeH's Sel, 1806. As Doholl's 
error took the form in later yenrs of a per- 
sistent family tradition among Dr. Duncan's 
descendants* and as their claim on his behalf 
has received great attention, and is widely 
known, the following resume of the facts ia 
called for: — 

Edward Pcrroaet, itlcr the rupture with Lady Hun- 
tingdon, continued to preach to a small congrcgatum vt 
dissents at Canterbury, \rbcre ho <L in 11 9% He 
wrote many small poetical pieces of which a few were 
printed, but always anonymously. In 1T7U, Shmbeole, 
who hod been a. chorister in Qmterbuiy Otbedral, BJid 
wos then About 20 yearn uf age, wrote far Verronot h B 
hynm, then still In iis t , tbe tunc afterwards known 03 
"JUi.cs Lane*" This tunc, with the words of tlie first 
verse of the hymn annexed, was gent, doubtless by 
SUrubsole, to tbe Gofpel Mug., where it was published 
in 3^ovh 1779* Enquiry would then fee naturally made 
fiHTtlbfi remainder of the hymn, which accordingly was 
giv(?n complete In the magazine la April following* la 
I735j Occasional Verses appeared, being & collection of 
l'erronct'B miscellaneous pieces, edited by oae of bis 
friends* His name is* as usual, not given, but that the 
volume conrtist* of his workn Is unquestionable. One 
of the pieces is addressed to the memory of his father* 
the ltcv< Vincent Perronet, and uthero, apparently, to 
various members of his family who are indicated by 
their initials only. In the "Address to the lta&der" 
from "the Author/' Ferronet himself says— "The fol- 
lowing miscellaneous productions were not originally 
intended for public view* as they arc but the unpre- 
meditated efFuslons of mere private Amusement* and 
only oecasionally shown by way of pergonal respect to 
a handful of the friends of the Author; who having 
entrusted a copy of these, and many others to a par- 
ticular acquaintance, has been at length persuaded to 
admit of tltelr being made public." 

Not only is the hymn "AU hail the power" In Gem- 
stonat Yerte& t but it is immediately followed by another 
hymn, commencing "ifall, holy, holy, holy LordJ" 
written .in the same metre* in the same manner, and 
clearly by the same band. It may be added that the 
copy of Occasional Verses in the library of the Brit* Mas, 
lias two tracts bound up with it* One of these, Seiect 
Pauagcs of the Old <fc Aeic Ttntamcnt versified, 1756, 
ia known to he by Perrouet* and tbe Brit. Mas, copy 
contains bis name in autograph with many ws. correc- 
tions of the text* The other tract, entitled A small 
OfUectioti if Il^m»t 1 kc. t Canterbury, 1732, may also 
he ascribed to him with certainty* Ten years previously 
lie liad published another tract with a somewhat similar 
title:— A Small Collection in Yerse, Containing, &c, 



ALL HAIL, TRIUMPHANT 

In n&T, Bippon publisued a recast of the hymn as 
above. In 18U1, wiUianu and Hodm reprinted Xip- 
nm*i text (amittLng oae stanza), and gave the names of 
Perronet, as author of tbe hymn, and of Shxubsole, as 
composer of the tune. 

Dr. Duncan settled in London about 1180, previous to 
which time be bad preacbed in Hamp&hltg and Dorvet- 
eliire, lastly In Wimborne, where he probably made the 
acquaintance of Dobeil, who livetl close by at Poole. 
When, many years afterwards, Dobell was compiling 
hid selection, Duncan appears to have been among those 
from vrbom he received advice or help, for Duncan's 
name Is appended to one of the four " Recommenda- 
tions " prefixed to tbe 1st ed. - It la more than probable 
therefore that it was from Duncan that Dobell obtained 
a copy of "All hall the power." Tbe form in which 
the hymn is given by Dobell Is neither FerTonet'a nor 
Elppon's, but » mixture of both, with two or three 
slight verbal alterations ; and If, as is highly probable, 
Dobell obtained the hymn from Duncan, and still more, 
If, as Is possible, tlie arrangement sent to Dobell was 
really made by Duncan for the use of hie own congrega- 
tion, tbe ascription of the hymn to the latter Is readily 
accounted for. The error is repeated in the 3rd cd. of 
Dobch's Set., London, x.n., showing either that Duncan 
omitted to notice it, or, as often happens, the correc- 
tion was not attended to. Dobclf also ascribes to 
Duncan another hymn, "Exalted high at God's right 
hand," which is first found in Rowland Hill's edit, of 
Ps. tfc Jfys., llsa, and is always ascribed to him. 
Doboll's error in both cases probably arose from the 
same cause. 

Thq mixed version uf the hymn as given by Dobell is 
In 9 stanaaa as follows: -Heading, animation. Caul. Hi, 
11. St. 1. as Ripixm !.; st. il. as rerrvnet 11.; Bt. lii. 
as I'errrmet Hi.; st. Iv. as Kijiixn it.; st. v. 1. 1, as 
liijijum, 1, 1 j 1. 2 as l^Griftttct, v. 1. 2, but changing of 
Into front; 11. 3, 4- as Ferrmiet; st. vi. as Perranet vl. j 
st. vii. as Perronel vll. ; st. viii. as Kipptm vl. ; st. la. 
as Rippan vii. 

In Isaac Nicholson's (.bit., I3of, the hymn is given 
with Rippon's text, omitting Rippon's st. v., but the 
editor, copying Doboll, has ascribed the authorship to 
Duncan. 

In 1S08, when Thomas Young, Perronefs successor at 
Canterbury, compiled his Jleauties of Dr. Watts, fcc. t 
he used Dubell's 2kl., ami, not knowing tbs author, re- 
peated the ascription of "Exalted high" to Duncan, 
but correctly gives "All hall "to l'erronet, from whose 
tract of 1 753, and his Occasionai Verses, ho quotes somo 
otherpieces. In tbe 3rd cu. of the »s«uHi»o/f)r. Watt), 
St., ISIt, and In the 4th ed., 1836, Young, wlillo retain- 
ing tbePetrmict ascription to "All hnll,"&c, omitted 
thatofJJancan to "Bsalted high," &o., thereby implying 
that bo had discovered bis crtw witli regard to Duncan. 

Shrubaolc's tune appears to have become popular, 
especially among the dissenters, soon after its publica- 
tion, and the name " Miles Lane " was in all prolwb!- 
Hty given to it from its use by a congregation of Inde- 
pendents who met at a chapel in Miles Lane, London, 
till 1185, when they were succeeded by a body of Scotch 
Secedcrs, The name " Miles Lane " Is found in Isaac 
Smith's Collection vf I'soIm Tuner, 4th ed. 

[G. A. C] 

The use of this liym* in vaiioua forms mul 
many languogea is very extensive. In tho 
number of hynm-books in wliich it ia found in 
oiie form or another, it ranks with tho first ten 
in the English language A rendering in 
Littin, "Snlve, nomeu iroleetatiB," is given in 
Binghfttn's Hymnol Christ. Lnthi. 1S71, 

[J- J] 

All hail, Thou great Redeemer, hail. 
Joseph Jran». [.Perseverance of iha Seinte.~\ 
1st pnb. in his Zioris Srmf/s, &o., 3rd ed., 1825, 
No. 157, thence into Snepp'a S. of G. <£ (J,, 
1873, No. 412, unaltered. 

All hail, Thou Besurreetitm. W. IT. 

Havergal. [Easier.! "Written in 1867, and 
first pub. in Snepp*s S. of G. & a., 1872, No. 
233, in 3 at. of 8. 1. It wns also included in 
Life JEWioee, 188a (" hay. mss.") 

All hail, triumphant Lord. [Ascen- 

etoif-J Appeared in the Salisbury H. Bk,, 



ALL HAIL, VICTORIOUS 

1 857, No. 100, in 3 st of 6 I. ; tlie Nets Cong., 
1859, Barry's Ps. & Hys., 1868, the N. Zealand 
Hymnal-, 1872, and others; but always without 
signature. It is evidently baaed upon C. Wes- 
ley's hymn for the Ascension, " God is gone up 
on high " (qv.). Its authorship is unknown. 

Ail hail, victorious Lord. B. Woodd. 
[Pa. ex.] This version of Ps. ex. in 4 et. of 6 
1. appeared in the autlior's Psalms of David 
and other Port ions of (he Soared Serivtures, &c., 
undated, but pub. about 1810. This work 
was revised find republished as A New Metri- 
cal Version of the Psalms, &c., in 1821, This 
paraphrase, as found in the Islington Fs. & 
Eye., and the New Cong., 1859, is composed 
of st. i. and iii. of the original. The full text 
is not found in any modern collection, and for 
collation must be consulted us above. 

All hail, ye blessed band. [Holy 
Baptism,'} This cento appears in The Service 
of Sonq for Baptist ChurcJies, Boston, U.S.A., 
1871, No. 815. Its construction is peculiar, 
as the following directions for its use at the 
public administration of Holy Baptism to 
adults will indicate : — 

" Stanzas 3 to a Inclusive of this hymn arc designed 
to be sung during the intervals of a baptism ; one verae 
as each candidate goes down into tbe water, or comes 
forth from tt, according to choice. As it Is Generally 
found difficult for a congregation to sing unitedly and 
at the right time In the administration. It has been 
suggested that a choir sing these stanias, the congrega- 
tion uniting In the first two and the kit two, as Indi- 
cated." 

To meet these requirements the cento has 
lx»n thus composed ; — 

Ht. J, ii., « All ban, ye blessed band," to be sung by 
the congregation, are from Mrs, Lydla Sigourncy s 
hymn,No.51S,SnWinchcU'aJiWiM»Ratflv»™p U.S.A., 
1M32; st. iii., iv,, "Saviour, Thy law we love," to be 
Bung by the choir, are also by Mm. Slgourncy, and from 
the same source as st, i.,fl, St. v., vL,*' Here wo behold 
the grave," to be sung by the choir, are by the Rtv. 
C. II. Bourgeon, from Our Own 11. Bk., 180S, No. 931. 
St. vii., "Oh, what if we are Christ'*," Is by Sir II. W. 
Baker, from Murray's Hymnal, 1S52, and, in common 
■with st viii.," Ashamed who trow can be" (jltian.) t has 
to besunghy the choir. The concluding stanzas, ix,, x-, 
"Gome, sinners, -wash away," are Anon. They are to 
be sung by tltc congregation. Taken together, it is the 
most dramatic hymn for Divine worship with which we 
are acquainted^ 

AH hearts to Thee are open here. 
J. Montgomery. [Divine Worship.'] Written 
for the special annual service of the Bed Hill 
Sunday School, Sheffield, held May 13, 1837, 
and printed on a fly-leaf for the occasion, 
[m. msb.1 It was incltided in Montgomery's 
Original Hymns, 1853, No. 11G, in st of i 1. 
In J. H. Thorn's Hymns, 1858, st. v. is omitted. 

All heaven was hush'd, Our risen 
Lord. G. RawBoa. [Ps. ex.] Contributed 
to ihe Leeds U. Bk. 1853, No. 149, in 8 st. of 
4 1, from thence it Jias passed into a few col- 
lections, hut its use is not extensive. In the 
author's .Hymns, Verses, & Cltants, 1876, pp. 
23-24, it is given with slight variations. This 
is the authorized text of file hymn. 

All is bright and gay around us. 

J. M. Neale. [SS. Philip & James.] This 
Saints' day hymn is in the 3rd series of the 
author's Hymns for Children, 1846, No. XTiii. 



ALL PEOPLE THAT 



43 



in 4. st of 8 1. ; and agniu, without alteration, 
in later ede. of the same. In the S. P. C. K. 
Ch. Hys., 1871, and some other collections, it 
is given as — " AH is bright and dteerfttl round 
us"; but tho alterations are very slight. 

All is o'er; — the pain, the sorrow. 

J. Moultrie. [Easter Eve,] The original, en- 
titled »' Hymn for Easter Eve," is dated " April 
2nd, 1836." It is iu 20 st. of 6 ]., and was 
pub. in his work. My Brothei's Grave and 
other Poems, 1837 (3rd ed. 1852, p. 262). 
In the Ps. * Hys. adapted to Pub. Worship, 
Eugby, 1839, commonw known as Bueholl's 
CM., a cento, composed of st i., ii., iii. and 
xx., unaltered, was given as No. 2. This was 
repeated in later editions of the same work, 
and has passed from thence into many collec- 
tions, both in G. Btifc and in America. In tho 
American hymnals it is usually ultered, as in 
the Hymnal of the Prol. Episeop, Ch. 1872, No. 
02 ; Hys. <fc S. of Praise, 1874 ; Hys. of Oie 
Ch. 1869, and others. In the last-named 
collection it is attributed to "J. E. L. " (i.e. 
Jane E. Lecson) in error. The closing lints 
of st. i. rend in the original : — 

" Yet once more to seal His doom, 
Christ must sleep within the tomb." 

Those lines have been omitted from Tliring'u 
Coll. 1882, No. 18G, in favour of :— 

11 Yet awhile. His own to save 
Christ must linger in the gmvc"-~ 

by the Rev. J. Ellerton. 

All knowing God ! 'tis Thine to 
know. T. Scott. [Charitable Judgment.'] 
This hymn is No. 115 in Enfield's Warring- 
ton Sel, 1772, in 5 st. of 4 1., and is headed 
"Charitable Judgment." It is found in a 
few modern collections, principally amongst 
tho Unitarians, but usually as — " All seeing 
God, 'tis Thine to know," — and abbreviated, 
as in Martineau's Hys., 1840, No. 406, and 
Courtauld's Ps , Hys., and Aittla., 18G0, No. 
328. [W. T. B.] 

All mortal vanities be gone. I. Watts. 
I Vision of the Lamb.] This is No. 25 of Bk, i. 
in his Hymns and Spiritual Songs, 171)7, in 11 st. 
of 4 1., and based upon liov, v. d-i), " A vision 
of tho Lamb." It is in use iu G. Britain and 
America, although to a limited extent. 

All people that on earth do dwell. 

[Ps. e.] The memories which have gathered 
round this rendering of tho lOOtli I'snlin, 
together with the uncertainty of its authorship, 
require us to trace its history, to note its true 
text, and to determine, if possible, its author, 
I. History, — It appeared for the first tunc 
in the Psalter, pub. in London by John Dayc, 
in 1560-1, and iu the Anglo-Genevan Psalter, 
printed at Geneva, in 1561. In the full 
English Psalter of 1562 it is not found, but in 
an Appendix to the edition of 1564 (Brit, 
Mas.) it is given, and again in tlio body of 
the work in 1565 (Brit. Mas.). It was also 
included in the Scottish Psalter of 15G4. From 
15C4 it reappeared iu all editions of the 
English aud Scottish PsaUers, and ib also 
found iu most hyrun-bixiks published during 
the past 150 years. 



44 



ALL rEOPLE THAT 



II. Tbst. — The original text from the only 
copy of Daye's Psalter, 1560-1, known, and in 
which it is printed in the old bkck-lettei text 
of the period, Is as follows : — 

"Psaijie C. 
Al people y* onesrth dodwel, 

ehig to y* lord, with eherefnl voice 
Dim aer^o w* fear, hit praise forth tei, 

come ye before him aiid reSoyce. 

The Lord ye know is God in dede, 
with out our aide, he did us make : 

We are bis &Lclt, he doth us fede, 
and for his Sbepe, he doth us take, 

Ob enter then bis gates with prayie 
approohe with ioye, hto courtee unto : 

Pridse, Unde, and bleat his ualua aiwayts, 
for It la semely so to doe. 

For why? the Lord our God is good, 

his mercy is for ener sure : 
Hie truetta at all tyroes flrmely stood 

pud shall from sgo to age Indure." 

[Or<g. ed. 1*90-1, London, J. Daye.\ 

In what form this text reaohed Geneva, 
whether in ms, or in & copy of Daye's edition, 
cannot bo determined. Within a Jew months, 
if not simultaneously, the game text, varying 
only in the spelling of Borne words (the /ofcft 
of Days' a ecL being spelt foUte, 4c), was given 
in the Anglo-Genevan od, of 15til, and again 
in many later editions of the English P tatter. 
In the subsequent history of the text the 
following variations have crept in :— 

Si. i., I. 3. " Him serve with fear," changed 
to "mirth." This is found m the Scottish 
Psalter of 1650, and is taken from the cm. 
version of Pa. o. given in the older English 
Psalters. 

St. it., 1. 1, " The Lord ye know is," changed 
to " Know that the Lord &," &□., is also in the 
Scottish realtor of 1650, and is from the same 
cm, version as in st. i. 

St.ii.,1.3. "Folck" changed to "fioek." 
This was possibly a printer's error to bogin 
with, caused by transposing the o and I. It is 
found as early as the Psalter printed by " The 
Assigned of Richard Day, London, 1 585,** and 
has continued in the text from that date to 
Tbring's Coll., 1882. In that work Mr. 
Thiing has reprinted tile full text of 1560-1, 
and added thereto a doxology by Dr. Neale, 
based on Brady and Tate. This doxology is 
also found in if. A.& iff., and other collections. 

III. Authobsbip. — This is somewhat diffi- 
cult to determine. The evidence is this : — 

1. Daye's Psalter, 1SC0-1. No signature*. 
•2. Anglo-Genevan Psalter, 1561. "Tho. 
Ster." 

•3. Britwell Psalter, 1561. " W. Ke." 
*4. Scottish Psalter, 1564. " W. Ke." 

5. Daye's Appendix, 1564. No signature, 

6. Daye's Psalter, 1565. No signature. 

7. Daye's Psalter, 1566. No signature 

8. Cre&pin's Psalter (Geneva), 1561>. No 

signature. 

9. Daye's Psalter, 1579. No signature. 
10. Daye's Psalter, 1587. ** I. H." 

These are all the Psalters known which 
have any value in determining the question. 
This evidence is certainly in favour of W. 
Kethe, and this is the more conclusive when 
we remember that the Brittodl Psalter, 
1561, and the Scottish Ptalter of 1564, are 
reprints of the Anglo- Genevan Psalter, with 



ALL PRAISE TO THE 

such corrections in spelling as an English 
work printed on the Continent would call for, 
and constitute together (*) a distinct family 
from the Daye Psalters. The metre is also in 
Kethe's favour, and decisive against both 
Btemhold and Hopkins, Its correct subscrip- 
tion is therefore " W. Kethe, 1560-1." 

The historical account of the Psalters here 
named is given in the English Psalters, the 
Scottish Hymnody, and the Old Version, iii., 
v., in this work. 

Although the history of tunes forms no 
part of our work, a few tacts concerning " The 
Old Hundredth may not be unacceptable. It 
first appeared in the enlarged edition of 
the French Genevan Psalter, published in 
1551, as the tune to Ps. oxxxiv. The first 
half of the tune is a musical phrase which in 
found in various combinations both before and 
after that time; but the latter part of the 
tune, and the form of the whole of it, is the 
work of Louis Bourgeois, who, and not 
Guillaume Franc, is now known to be the 
editor of this edition of the French Genevan 
Psalter. Kethe's version of Ps. a was doubt- 
less written for this tune. [J, J.] 

All powerful, self-existent God. [God 
unefcangeaofe.] Pub. anonymously in B. Wil- 
liams's Coll. of H. for Pvb, Worship on tfie 
Oenl. Principles of Natural and Revealed 
Religion, Solisb., 1778, No. 3, in 6 st. of 4 I, 
and headed " The Immortality of God." It 
ia based on Ps, cii. v. 37. In 1781 it was also 
included in his Bk. of Psalms, Salisb., p. 286, 
as version vL of Ps. cii. After passing 
through several Unitarian Collections, it 
appeared in Longfellow and Johnson's Amer. 
Hys. of the Spirit, 1864, No. 80, in 8 st, being 
st. i., iii., and vi. of the original in an altered 
form, Orig. text as above, [W. T. B.] 

All praise to Him who dwells In 
bliss. C. Wesley. [Evening.'] 1st pub. in 
J. Wesley's Coll. of Ps. & Hymns, 1741, as 
" An Evening Hymn," in 5 st of 4 1. In the 
Poetical Works of J. & C. Wesley, 1868-72, 
vol. ii. p. 27, it is repeated without alteration. 
Although in somewhat extensive use both in 
Great Britain and America, it has never found 
a place in the Wee. H. Bk. In the Hymnary, 
1872, No, 75, a doxology has been added. 
Usually it is given in its original form. 

All praise to our redeeming Lord 
C. Wesley. [Christian Fellowship.} No. xxxii. 
of his Hymns for those that seek and tlwse that 
have Redemption in the Blood of Jesus Christ, 
1747, in S st. of 8 1. and entitled, " At Meet- 
ing of Friends." It was not included in the 
Wes. H. Bh. until after the death of J. IVeBley, 
and was added in one of the editions of that 
collection during its partial revision in 1800-1. 
It has become a favourite hymn amongst the 
Methodist bodies in all English-speaking 
countries, but its use, otherwise than by the 
MethodiBts, is limited. Orig. text in P.WorJcs, 
1808-72, vol. iv. p. 252. 

All praise to the Lamb ! Accepted I 
am. C. Wesley. [Assurance.'] Appeared in 
his Hymns and Sacred Poems, 1759, vol. i,, 
No. 130, in IS st. of 3 1. It is not in C. U. as 



ALL PRAISE TO THEE 

a whole ; but et 1., iii., v., and vi., slightly 
Altered, are sometimes found as in the Amer. 
fl". Bk. of the Evang. Association. Cleveland, 
Ohio, 1882, No. 326. Orig. text in P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. t. p. 23. The well-known pas- 
sage:— 

" Not a cloud doth wise 
To dirken the aUes, 
Op bide tor (uoomtnt my Lord from my oy«:" 

which reads in the original, " Not a doubt," Ac., 
U st. v. of this hymn. 

All praise to Thee, who didst com- 
mand, Bp. S. Mant. [Common of Apostles.] 
An originalliymn given in his Ancient Hymn*, 
4o., 1837, No. 67, in 6 st. of 4 1. and entitled, 
"Hymn of Thanksgiving for an Apostolic 
Ministry." In 1847 it was included in 
Fallow's SeL of Ey>. for Puh. and Prie. Use, 
No. 50; in 1353 in the Cooko & Denton 
Hymnal, No. 168, for " St Matthias* Day ; " 
and in later collections. Orig. text in Riving- 
ton's (d. of the Ancient Hymns, 1871. 

All-seeing Ood, Thy love sustains. 
IF. J. Irons. [Providence.'] A metrical 
form of the Collect for the 8th Sua. after 
Trinity, " God, whoso never failing mercy 
orderetli all things, both in heaven and earth, 
fte." given in his Pi. <t Hys. for the Church, 
1873, No. 167, in 4 si of 7 1. and headed 
"Perceiving God's Providence." In 1882, 
it was included in Turing's Coll., No. 246, 
with " beneath Thy sheltering Wings," for 
* beneath the cherab's wings," st. ii., I. 6, bat 
otherwise unaltered. 

All thanks be to Ood, C. Wesley. 
[Thanksgiving.'] One of the most celebrated 
open-air preaching places in Cornwall in the 
well-known Qwennap Pit, near Redruth. It 
is a circular hollow, covering an area of 
about 80 square yards, and sloping to a depth 
of some 50 feet. It has the appearance of 
a huge grass-covered funnel, with rings of 
seats formed out of the ground, and reaching 
from the bottom upwards. It seems to have 
had its origin in the running together of a 
mining shaft In tliis amphitheatre the 
Wesleys frequently preached during their 
tours in Cornwall. In his journal C. Wesley 
notes under the date of Sunday, Aug. 10, 
1746, that therein " for nearly two hours nine 
or ten thousand, by computation, listened with 
all eagerness " to him as he preached. The 
following day, being deeply impressed with 
the multitude, and toe soooess of his work, he 
wrote the hymn: "All thanks be to God," 
Ac. In the following year it was given as 
No. iii. of Hvmns for those that Seek and those 
that Eave Redemption, <fce., 1747, in 8 st of 
8 1., and entitled, " Thanksgiving for the Sue 
oess of the Gospel." When included by J, 
Wesley in the Was. H. Bk. in 1780, st iv. was 
emitted, and some alterations were also intro- 
duced into the text That arrangement has 
been retained in later editions, and is repeated 
in other collections. Its use is somewhat ex- 
tensive both in G. Brit, and America. Orig. 
text in P. Works, 1868-72, vol. iv. p. 210. 

[J.JO 

All thanks to the Lamb, Who gives 
us to meet. C. Wesley. [Christian Fetiowshtp.] 



ALL THINGS ARE 



45 



1st pub. in his Hymns and Sacred Poems, 1749, 
vol. ii.. No. 238, in 7 st. of 4 1. ; from thence it 
passed into the Wet. H. Bk. in 1780, in full; 
but in the revised ed., 1875, the last stanza is 
omitted. It is given inmost of the collections 
of the Methodist bodies, but is rarely found 
in other hymn-books. Orig. text in P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. v. p. 468. 

All that I was, my sin, my gtrilt 
E. Bonar. [Pardon through Grace.] 1st pub. 
in the Bible Hymn Book, of which Dr. Bonar 
was editor, 1845, No. 219, in 5 st of 4 1. and 
based upon 1 Cur. xt. 10, " By the grace of 
God I am what I am." It was repeated in 
subsequent editions of the Bible H. Bk., and 

r'tt in the author's Hymns of Faith and 
t e, 1st series, 1857, and later editions, with 
the* title "Mine and Thine." Its use, both in 
G. Brit, and America, is somewhat extensive, 
and usually tiie text is unaltered, as in Steven- 
son's Hys. for Church and H., 1873. The line, 
st 4, 1. 2, "Bade me in Christ bolievp," in 
Bapt. Pi. * Hys., 1858 and 1880, and the N. 
Cong., 1859, is from the former collection. The 
oqx.m in Kennedy, 1863, is not lathe original. 

ah that's good, and great, and true. 
Godfrey Thring. [Praise and Thanksgiving.} 
Written in 1863, nnd 1st pub. in his Hymns 
Congregational and Others, 1866, No. 34, in 
7 st. oF4 I. and entitled " Nature's Harmony." 
It was repeated in his Hymns and Lyrics', 
1874, pp. 108-9, and again in his Ch. of E. 
E. Bk., 1882> where it is given most appro- 
priately as a bymn for children. 

All the night and nothing taken. 
E. Aiford. [Missions— S. 8. Teachers.] Con- 
tributed to his Year of Praise, 1867, No. 167, 
in 3 st of 6 1., and appointed for the 5th Sun. 
after Trinity, being based on the Gospel of 
that day. It is repeated in Sncpp's 8. of G. 
4 ff, 1872, No. 771. 

All the night so dark and drear. J. 
E. Bode. rjfustoni.] From his Epmns from 
(he Gospel of the Day, 1860, into tho App. to 
the S. P. C. E. Pt. & But. 1869, No. 416. The 
special Gospel is that for the 5th SUn. after 
Trinity, St Luke v. 1. 

All the sacrifice is ended. 8. J. Stone. 
[Easter.] Written for his Lyra Fidelium (pa 
the article of the Creed, " He descended into 
Hell ; The third day He rose again from tho 
dead "\ and 1st pub. therein, 1866, No. v., in 
6st,or6 1. It was repeated in A Supplemental 
Hymnal, Lond., Macintosh, 1873; in the 
author's Ch. Service for Children, 1884; and in 
his Carmina Consecrata, 1884. 

All the world in sin 'was lying. S. 
Baring-Gould. [Redemption.] Printed in 
tho Church Times, July 30th, 1861, and thence 
into the People's E., 1867, No. 455, in 8 st. of 4 1. 

All things are possible to him. C. 

Wesley. [Concerning Holiness.] No. 10 of 
his " Hymns for those that wait for full Re- 
demption," which was given in the Eyvms A 
Sacred Poems, 1749, vol. ii., in 8 st. of 6 1. 
(P. Works, 1868-72, vol. v, p. 300.) In tho 



46 ALL THINGS ARE READY 

Wan, H. Bk. of 1780, and later editions, find 
it I so in other collections in which it id found, 
A. iii. and vi. arc omitted, the statement in 
tho former, 

" I without sin on earth shall tivr, 
Even I, tho chief of sinners!;" 

ami in tho latter, 

" Tho unchangeable decree la past, 
The sure predestinating word, 

That I, vho on the Lonl ant case, 
I shall be like ray sinless Lord ; 

'Twss flx'd from all eternity : 

All things are possible to me : " 

being evidently unacceptable both to J. Wes- 
ley, and those who have reprinted the hymn 
from his collection. Its use as a congrega- 
tional liymn outside the Methodist bodies is 
almost unknown. 

AH things are ready, Come. A. Mid- 
lane. [Invitation.] Written in July, 1860, 
and first pub. in The Ambassador's Hymn 
Book, 1801, No. 49, in 5 st. of 4 1. S.M., from 
wlience it has passed into numerous collec- 
tions both in G. Brit, and America. It ranks 
with the mast popular of the author's produc- 
tions. Oris, text, in Spurgeon's 0. 0. H. Bk. 
1866, No. 504. 

All things are ready! there's a place 
of rent. [Holy Communion.'] This Eucharistio 
hymn, which is suited more to private devotion 
than public worship, we have failed to trace 
to its original source. It is known to us in 
three forms : — 

1. All thins are rsody! Jesus waits to give. 
This is found in ft collection of Htjmtu, pub. at 
Chipping Norton, 1859, in 3 st. of 4 1. and said 
to be Anvn. showing that it had been copied from 
an earlier work. 

j. All things an ready ! there's a plaee of test. 
This text in 4 st. is the same as the first four st. 
in Thring's Coll., No. 526, which were token by 
Mr. Thring from a collection now to him un- 
known. It consists of the first form of the 
hymn as above, and another stanza which is 
given as the first. 

3. Tha easts in Thring. This is No. 2, with a 

fifth st. and a new line, st. ir., 1. 4, by Mr. 
Thring. 

All things bright and beautiful 
Cecil F. Alexander, nie Hwtnphreys. [God, 
our Maker.] A successful and popular nymn 
for children, on the article of the Creed, 
"Maker of Hi-aven and Earth," which ap- 
peared in her Hymns for Little Children, 1848, 
in 7 st. of 4 1. It is usually given in an 
unaltered form, as in Thring's Coll., 1882. 

All things praise Thee, Lord most 
high. G. W. Conder. [PraUe.} Pub. in. 1874, 
in his Appendix to the Leeds H. Bk. of 1853, 
No. 6, in 6 st of 6 L It is given in many 
collections, its popularity arising to some 
extent from its remarkable word-painting. 
This is a distinguishing feature of the author's 
compositions both in prose and verse. The 
hymn is sometimes abbreviated by the omis- 
sion of one or more stanzas. In Thring's Coll., 
1882, No. 249, st iii and iv. are thus omitted 
with advantage. 



ALL YE THAT PASS 

All we like wandering sheep have 
strayed. [Passiontide.] This Atiou. hymn 
has not been traced boyond the Rev, T. M. 
Fallow's Set. of Hye. for Pwb. and Priv. Use, 
Lond., Masters, 1847, No. 38, in 4 st. of 4 1., 
where it is appointed for Good Friday. In 
1852 it was repeated in the English Hymnal, 
No. 103, with the addition of a nosology ; and 
in this form, with the change of tho line, " Yet 
still He uncomplaining stands," to " Yet un- 
complaining still He stands* in Kennedy. 
18C& No. 600. [W. T. B-] 

All 'wondering on the desert ground. 

J. E. Bode. [Feeding the Multitude.] One of 
the most popular and successful of his Hymns 
from the Gospel of the Day, I860, in 5 st. of 
4 1., the Gospel being Iho 25th Sun. after 
Trinity, St. John vL 3. It has passed into 
various collections at home and abroad, in- 
cluding AlfonTs Year of Praise, 1867, tho 
New Zealand Hymnal, 1872, and others. Orig. 
text in Lord Sclborne's Bk. of Praise, 1862. 

All ye Gentiles, praise the Lord. J. 

Montgomery. [Pe. exvii.] 1st pith, in his 
Songs of Mon, 1822, in 3 st. of 4 I., and again 
in his Original Hymns, 1853, p. 91, where it 
is entitled, "Exhortation to Universal Praise 
and Thanksgiving." It is sometimes given 
as: — "AH ye nation*, praise tho Lord,'' in 
both English and American hymnals. It was 
introduced into congregational' use at an 
early date, and lias attained to a fair position. 

AH ye that fear Him, praise the 
Lord [Pt. xxii.] This hymn, as given in 
Spurgeon's 0. O. H. Bk., IS66, No. 22, pt, iii., 
is a conto thus composed :— St. i. from the 
O. V., 1562, by T. Stemhold; st. ii., iii. from 
tho Jv. V., 1636, by Tate £ Brady ; st iv., by 
the editor, based on tho O. V. 

All ye that [who] love the Lord, re- 
joice. I. Watts. [Pe. exlisc.] 1st pub. in 
his Psalms of David, &e., 1719, in 8 st. of 4 1., 
and entitled, "Praise God, all His saints ; or, 
Tho Saints judging the World." To it he 
appended a note in explanation of his render- 
ing of verses 6-9, " Let the high praises of 
God bo in their month," So. 

" This Psalm seems tn be written to encourage the 
•reus in the ware wulnst the Beat km Frivca qf «<- 
naan t who were divinely sentenced to Destruction : Bat 
the four last Verses of It have been too much abused In 
later Ages to promote Sedition and Disturbance la the 
State ; so that 1 chose to refer this Amour, that Is beie 
given to oil tile Sdinti, to the day of Judgment, ■ccord- 
lng to those Expressions in the New Testament, Mat. 
xlx. 38, re «l(Sl <J< on tiMlm Taronet, jwIginQ ths 
Triba, be, ; L Oor. vl. a, Wt shall judge Angtlt ; Kev. 
ii, 21 and 111. 21, ImiH give him. I'ouertvtrtlujraUmt. 
Ac stall rule than with a Bod tf Iron," fee. 

Notwithstanding tills defence, the unsuic- 
ability of these stanzas for congregational use 
is emphasised by their omission in most collec- 
tions in G. Britain and America. 

AH ye that pass by. C. Wesley. [J»- 
vitation.] This " Invitation to Sinners " ap- 
peared in the 'Hymnt and Soared Poems, 1741), 
vol. I, No. slii,, in 7 st. of 6 1. In 1760 it was 
included, with the omission of st. iv,, in M. 
Mudan's Pt. A Hys., No. xii. ; again in (lin 
collections of Be Cowrcy, B. Conyers, and 



ALL YE WHO 

others in the Oh. of England; Wiiliamand 
Boden, and others amongst the Congrogation- 
alists ; and in the collections of various deno- 
minations: but not until the publication of 
the Supp. to the Wet. H. Bk. in 1330 was it 
added to that, work, and thereby officially 
recognised by the Wosloyan Conference. It is 
retained in the revised oa. of the Wee. H. Bk., 
1875, and U in extensive use in G, Brit, and 
America, Orig. text in P. Worte, 1868-72, 
vol. iv. p. 871. 

All ye who faithful servants are. 

Tate & Brady. [Holy Communion.'] This U 
Hymn ii. of the three hymns for Holy Com- 
munion which were given in the Supp. to 
the If. V., 1699. It is baaed on Iter, xix., 
and is in 4 st. of 4 1. It is found in n few 
modern hymnals only, including Kettnedy, 
1803, No. 010, and the Sarum, 18(58, No. 225, 
in both of which the changes in at. iv. of 1. 1, 
"bless'd" to "Mesf," andl. 4,"Iseaird"'to 
" I» made a welcome guest," are given. The 
k>xt is otherwise correct. 

All ya 'who seek a rest above. God- 
frey Thring. [Holy Communion.] Writton in 
1803, and 1st pub, in his Hymns Congrega- 
tional and Others, 1866, pp. 72-3, in 3 st. of 6 
1. In 1874 it was republished in his Hymnt 
and Ijyriet, pp. 141-2 ; and again in his Ceil., 
1st ed., 188(1, bnt not in the 2nd od„ 1882, 

All yesterday is gone. [Invitation.'] 
This hymn, in 3 si of 4 1., is found in a few 
English collections early in the present cen- 
tury, including Pratt's GolL, 1829, through 
which it probably passed into the American 
collections. Its use in G. Brit is very limited. 
In America it is found in several hymnals. 
It is an earnest and simple invitntion to accept 
of present offers of salvation. Its authorship 
is unknown. 

Alle Christen aingen genie. xviiLcont 

5 Lone io Chriil.] Included as No. 953 in 3. 
'. Gottschnldt's Uutverml G. £., Leipzig, 1737, 
in 11 st. of 12 1., and in the Vnv. L. S„ 1851, 
No. 294. Bepeated altered (reading hSreii) as 
No. 514 in the Berlin G. B., 1829, in 4 st. of 
8 1. The only tr. is, " All with Jesus are 
delighted," by Dr. H. Mills, 1845 (ed. 1856, 
p.lH). [J.M.] 

Alleluia = Hallelujah, Hymns begin- 
ning with this word aro arranged in this work 
according to the mode of spelling adopted by 
the authors and translators. 

Alleluia (Greek, 'AAAi»Aoiia; Hebrew, 

a^TpH). An ascription of praise derived 
from two Hebrew words meaning " Praise 
Jah," or "Praise the Lord." It occurs fre- 
quently in the Book of Psalms, from Ps. civ. 
onwards, both in the text and as a heading 
(Vulgate) ; once in the Book of Tobit (xiii. 18), 
and four times in the Revelation (six. 1, 3, 4, 6). 
It passed at an early date into frequent and 
general use among Christians, St. Jerome 
speaks of the Christian ploughman shouting 
it while at his work. \JSq, xniit. ad Marcel- 
Jam.] Sidonius Apollinans alludes to sailors 
using it as the " celeusma," or exclamation of 



ALLELUIA 



47 



encouragement wliilo plying tlic oar. [Lib. ii. 
Kp. 10.] Christian soldiers used it tisa battle- 
cry, as when the Britons under the guidance 
of St. Germ anus of Auxerra won the " Alle- 
luia victory " over tho Picts and Scots A.n. 429. 

Tradition says that when the early Chris- 
tiiins met on Easter morning, they saluted each 
other with tho exclamation, "Alleluia, the 
Lord is risen," 

Tho word passed early into liturgical use, 
and (untranslated, like other Hebrew words, 
"Amen," "Hosanna") assumed o fixed posi- 
tion in the services of the Church. Its uses 
are: — 

i. In the Eastern Church it is closely connected with 
the Gnat Entrance. It ocenra once at the close of tho 
Cherubic Hymn In the Orcclt Liturgies of St. James 
(HomiDond, C. E., Lit. Sasttrn and Western, p. 32), 
and of St. Mark (Ibid. p. ITS), and three tiroes In tho 
same position In tho Liturgy of Constantinople (I6&. 



p. 101). It occurs frequently in the Greek cgKcri for 
the Dead (Gear, Enduing, p. «8), and its use is not 
intermitted even In Lent (Ibid. p. OTfi). In the Greek 



Menaea it occurs thrice at the end of the HexepsalmiiB 
at the Drthron j thrice after the Gloria Patrt concluding 
the three opening Psalms of the first, the third, and the 
sixth Hours. 

11. Its liturgical use in the Western Church has heen 
varied. 

1. In the Jfonarabie liturgy Its normal and Invariable 
positloD was after the Gospel, at the commencement and 
conclusion of the " Lands," lta use being continued 
even In Manses for the Dead, and even on such ferial 
occasions as tile first day of Lent. It also occurs nearly 
as Invariably in the "JSucrOiritim," or ".Offertoriwm}' 
According to original usage the "Alleluia " was retained 
in the Spanish Church aU the year round, but its omis- 
sion in Lent was ordered by Can. it. of the fourth 
Council of Toledo, and is witnessed to by Isidore of 
Seville (Be Jteriei. »#e. L 13}. Such omission only 
commences after the First Sunday in Lent, on which day 
additional " Alleluias " were inserted in tlie Introlt. 

2. GaUican usage Is unknown, but In this, as In other 
points, it was probably identical with the Spanish rtte. 

3. In the African Church the use of " Alleluia " was 
confined to Sundays and to Easter and Ascenslon-tlde 
(/Jitforw dt Ecda. Otte. i. is). 

4. In the Soman Lmtrffy it isusedsftortbetrj'adual, 
before the Gospel. Originally lta ueo was confined to 
Easter Day (Sosomen, Hilt. Abet. Til. 19), though suns 
persons have supposed Paxha tn this passage to mean 
Kaster-ttde. Afterwards ii was used throughout the 
year except from Septuagesim* Sunday to Holy Satur- 
day, and according to present rule it Is also omitted on 
ferial masses in Advent, on the Feast of Holy Innocents 
if it falls on a week-day, and on all Vigils except those 
of Easter and Pentecost, In Masses for the Dead, and on 
Ember Days. 

fi. In the Human Breviary "Alleluia" is said after 
the opening "Gloria Patri" at all the Hours except 
from Septuagcsirna Sunday to Maundy-Thursday, when 
"Laus tibi, Domine, Rex aeternae giorlse" la substi- 
tuted for it, and during Easter-tide ii la added to ail 
M ADttphoits," of which ai other seasons it would not 
form a part. It Is also added during Easter-tide to the 
verses following the AnUpbons to the Psilma, and tn 



the acsponsory after Lecttone before its following 
Terse ; and to the short Besponsory after the chapter at 
Perce, Sent, and Hone, being aiEd twice here, and twice 



after the first verse instead of part of tho Kesponeory, 
snd once after the second verse. 

iii. Beyond this enumeration we need not 
go, as the labour involved in tracing out the 
uso of " Alleluia " in the hundreds of local 
Breviaries which exist, would yield little re- 
turn in practical utility. Dr. Neale's note 
on the use of Alleluia inliis Mediaeval Hymm, 
1851 and 1867, under "Alleluia dulce carmen," 
is verybcautiful, but too long for quotation. 

iv. We will close with a short list of Hymns, 
Sequences and Proses commenced with the 
word " Alleluia," or with the first two syllables 
of that word. 



48 



ALLELUIATICAE 



1. " Alle- cantablle sonet chorus cantorwu et sub- 
Junut dulclblle -loys." A Sequence far the teast of 
St. Bartholomew in the Troperyof Ethelrcd (S9*-1017, 
Bodleian MS. TM), printed in Sttrtees Society, vol. 90, 
u. 280. It consists of If lines, all but t of which end 
with the letter a. and In 3 out of the ? exceptions the 
last vowel 1* a. The linn chiefly constat of 15 By llables, 
but are occasionally longer, varying ftom 18 to 23. 

2. " Alle-eoelestenecnonetperenne -luya." A Prat 
attached to the Paschal Sequence entitled " Mater Se- 
qucntlarum " [= Psngamus Oreitarie, &&], In the Tro- 
pary of Ethetred {Dodl. MS. JIB, Surtees Soc vol. 60, 
p. 191], It ocean In the Sanaa, York, and BtrtfwA 
Minols as the Sequence for the Fesst of the Nativity of 
the B, V. H. on Sept. 8. It consists of &t short lines, 
all of which, with V exceptions, end with the letter a, 
and In 8 out of the B exceptional lines the last vowel to 
a. After the first line, containing 13 sylliMes, the 
remaining lines vary between 4 end 9 syllable*. 

3. Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia, O nlli ct filiae, &c 
(q. v.). 

+, H Alleluia Chrlsto decontet omnia lingua." A 
Sequence for the festival of St. Erfcardus (Jan; a^ a 
Bavarian Bishop of the sth century, printed from an 
undated llatlsbon Miisal, by I>r. Neale (Sequoitiat, 
lsW, p, 91), tt consists of 19 rugged lines, in length 
varying from 13 to 22 syllables, closing with 3 short 
lines of 9 syllables each. 

B. " Alleluia, dulce carmen " (q. v.). 

«. " Alleluia nunc decaiitet universalis eeolcsia" fq.v.V 

7. « Alleluia plis edlte landlbus " (q. v.). 

Two instances of striking merit of modern 
imitations of these ancient " Alleluias " are 
found in 

B. "Alleluia, Alleluia, hearts to heaven and voices 
raise" {q, v.S. An Easter hymn hy J>r. Cbrtstopher 
Wordsworth, Bishop of Lincoln. 

9. "Alleluia, slngto Jesus" (q. v.). An Eiicharlstic 
Hymn, by W. Chatterton HI*. [p. E. W.j 

AUelui(y)aticae Antiphonae. A name 
fur the I£oster Antiphons with their added 
Alleluias. Sarum Breviary. Cambridge re- 
print. Fosc. ii. 1882. Col. deccoxovi. 

[F. E. W.] 

Alleluia, dulce carmen. [Weefc before 
Septuagesima.'] Tho earliest form in which 
this hymn is found is in three mss. of the 
11th cent in the British Museum (Hart. 2061, 
f. 235 j Vesp. D. xii. f. 4G b ; Jul. A. vi. f. 42 b> 
Prom a Durham us. of the 11th cent, it web 
pub. in the Latin Hy$. of the Anglo-Saxon Ch. 
(Surtees Society), 1851, p. 55. Tho text is in 
Daniel, i. No. 263, and with farther readings 
in iv. p. 152; and in the Hymn. Sarisb. 1851, 
p. 59. Id. tho latter readings arc added from 
tho Worcester Brev.,&e. Also in Biggs's Anno- 
tated H. A. * Jtf., p. 82. [W. a. S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. *n«iwf« J hast and sweetest. Of the hymns 
of praise above. By J. Chandler, 1st pub. in his 
Hys. of the iYunititw Church, 1837, No. 59, in 
4 st. of 6 1., as the first of two renderings of the 
hymn. This tr. is fonnd in a great number of 
collections with the first two lines complete, but 
usually with a few alterations in the rest of the 
hymn. In the S. P. O. ft. P*. $ Hys., No, 37, 
it reads "Alleluia! peace instilling," and in the 
Bapt. Ps. # Hys., 1858, No. 633, << Hallelujah 1 
high and glorious." 

S. Alleluia! sons; of sweetness, Trio* of ever- 
lasting (lee. By W. J. Blew, printed on a broad' 
sheet for use in his church, cir. 1850 [e. mss.], 
and then included in his Ch. H. & TuneBk., 1852, 
from whence it passed into Kice's Sel. irom that 
work, 1870, No. 23. 

3. Alleluia ! song of sweetness. Voice of joy, 
sterna! lay. By J. M. Neale, It appeared in the 



ALLELUIA, DULCE CARMEN 

1st od. Med. Hys., 1851, p. 130, in i st. of 6 I., 
and was " corrected for the Hymnal N," {Med. 
Hys. 2nd ed, p. 184), where it was given in its 
new form, in 1852, No. 46, and again in the 2nd 
ed. of the Med, Hijs. 7 186a, This tr. equals in 
jwpularity that of Chandler, but it is more 
frequently and extensively altered. Without 
noticing minor instances, wc find the following: 
"Alleluia, song of sweetness, Voice of joy (Aatoan- 
not die" in If. A. $M., 1861 and 1875, and many 
others. " Hallelujah ! song of gladness, Voice 
of joy that cannot die," in Turing's Coll., 1882, 
&C. Of these altered forms of Scale's text, that 
of II. A. $ M. is most frequently adopted. 

t, Alleluia ! song of gladness, Utterance of 
perennial joy. By J. A. Johnston, given in his 
English Hymnal, 1852, No. 75, and in later 
editions. 

5. Alleluia 1 aeaf of gladness, Voice of ever- 
lasting joy. This tr. appeared in Cooke and Den- 
ton's Hymnal, 1853, Ko. 44. It is based upon 
Chandler ; but it has so much in it that is new, 
that practically it is •: fresh tr. In 1857, it 
was included in the Winchester Ch. If. 3h., 
No. 247, and subsequently in Barry, Snepp's 
Songs of G.&G.; Hy. Cotnp. ; the Stoke H. Bk., 
and others. It is also given, bat somewhat 
altered, in the Parish H. Bk. ; the K. T. S.*a. Hys., 
No. 337 ; and the Sea Cong., No. 714. In some 
of these it is ascribed to Dr. Nealc in error, 

t. AUaluya! song ef sweetness. By J. D. 

Chambers, in his Lavda Syan, 1857, i. p. 120, end 
from thence, in an altered form, into the Wel- 
lington College H. Bk., I860, p. 65. 

7, AlMni., sweetest anthem, Vnise of joy that 
may net die. By J. Keblo. This tr. is based 
upon Dr. Neale's, and was contributed to the 
Salisbury H. Bk., 1857, No. 63, and repeated, 
with alterations, in the Sarum, 1868. It was 
also included in Keble's Misc. Poems, 1869, p. 149, 

I. Alleluia J song of sweetness, No. 61 in 
Pott's Hymns, Ac, 1861, is the //. A. $ M. text, 
slightly ultcrod; and No. 102, Ch. Hys., 1871, 
is st. i., ii. and iii., from Pott's Hys. and st. iv. 
from Neale direct. 

9. Alleluia, song ef swmtneea, Strain of over- 
living joy. By K, C. Singleton, made for, and 1st 
pub. in bis Anglican H. Bk. 1868. It was re- 
written for the 2nd ed., 1871. 

The close resemblance of these trs. to each 
other has made the annotations a task of some 
difficulty. By far the greater number of com- 
pilers have worked with second-hand materials, 
and these, when re-arranged, have produced com- 
plications iu the text of the most embarrassing 
nature. Ch.Hys. No. 102, is an example. There 
we have Neale altered by the compilers of H. 
A. $ M„ altered again by the Kev. P. Pott in 
his Coll. ; again this arrangement, shorn of st. 
iv., by the editors of Ch, Hys. and the omission 
made good by adopting Neale's original tr. of 
that stanza. The text of ITiring and others is 
equally complicated. 



t in 0. TJ. : — 

1. O, Glorious Is the song. J, CKaniler {2nd tr.\ 
ISM. 

a. Hallelujah ! note of gladness. W. L. Jlaauht, 
LBta. 

th Alleluia, sweetest lay. S. CampSeU, 1SS«. 



ALLELUIA NUNC 

t. ^lUiluia.Mmgof ewtctncES. Bmar, 18GS, 

5. Alleluia, sweetest music, JUY». t*ar(«, iWfl. 

6. Alleluia, musks sweetest. JTjrnortm, 186a. 

[J. J.] 

Alleluia nunc decantet. [Common o/ 
,4pos(Jet.] According to .Mime, No, 667, this 
hymn is found in a Beichcnau mh. of tho 14th 
cent among tho Notkcrion sequencca, and 
marked us for SS. Philip & James. It is also 
in tho Sarum, York and Hereford Missals. Dr. 
Neale included it in his Seq. ex Mist., p. 214, 
as a " Seq. for the Com. of Apostles " ; Daniel, 
v. H35, repeats the text, readings, and refer' 
enees of Mone, whose title is "De Apostolis" 
(tropurinm). It is also in Kehreiii, Ho. 874. 
The sequenco is in 27 lines of varying length. 
Of these 26 lines end in tho letter "u." It 
will be noticed that in the hymn no reference 
is made to St. Paul ; possibly, as suggested 
by Hone, because he was not an eye-witness 
of the life and sufferings of our Lord. The 
tr, in C. U. is : — 

let the Chun* tinf Auelnia, By R, F. Little- 
disk. Made for nml first pub. in the People's H^ 
1667, No. 198, and signed «D. L." 

Alleluia piis edite laudibus. This 
anonymous hymn, Mone, 1853, i. p. 87, assigns 
to the 5th cent, on the ground that it was In- 
cluded in the Moxarabic Brev., in which no 
hymns were admitted which are of later date 
than ^ho Sth cent., andthat the shortened strophe 
indicated that date. He gives the text from 
a Munich us. of the 10th cent., and adds 
numerous readings and a few notes. Daniel, 
1SG5, vol. iv. pp. 63-63, repeats this text, with 
slight changes, together with JtToWt various 
readings with additions. 

It is the Hymn at Tespcrs in. the Moxarahie 
Brev. (Toledo, 1502, f. 80) for the first Sun- 
day in Lent, and the Saturday preceding. 
See Migno's Patrol^ torn. 86, col. 259, also 
col. 89C ; where it is described as the Hymn 
ft» the occasion of leaving o£ fiesh-mtat, 
**■ Ymnw in Curnes tolltndas. The Hymn on 
Ash-Wednesday itself, however (Feria quarts 
in Captte Jejunii : the head or beginning of 
the fast), is Benignitatit font Deut, the same 
as at Lauds and Vespers on the three days' 
fast which precedes the Feast of the Epiphany 
in that rite (excepting the Vespers of the 
third day, or Eve of the Epiphany), Patrol., 
coL 149. 

The text is also in the Hymn. Sarisb., Lon., 
1851, pp. 60, 61, where it is given as the hymn 
at Matins on Septuagesima Sunday and 
through the week, and as from a us. (date 
1064}, formerly belonging to Worcester Cathe- 
dral; which its. professes to contain Ambro* 
sian Hymns for the different Hours, according 
to the Conttitutiom of our Father Benedict, 
and to have St Oswuld as its compiler. 

In the Hymn. Sarisb. various readings are 
also given from throe old uss. of the 10th or 
11th centuries, which havo interlinear Anglo- 
Saxon versions. The refrain of this hymn — 
" Alleluia perenno " — i* an allnsion to the 
fact that the Alleluias of heaven are con- 
tinuous, whilst those of earth ore broken. 

In addition to the works noted above, the text is in 
Seale's JNmni jEcdaiae, ISM, p. 10!t; and the Ijitin 
Hymn* of tKt Anglo-Swam Vhurch (8urtoes Society^ 
l$E>i, p. ST, from an 11th cent. Ms. at Durham, In the 



ALLEN, JAMES 



49 



Britith Xuttunt it ta found in three was. of tho nth 
cent. (Hul. 2B01, f. 135 b ; Veep. D. ill. f. 47 ; Jul. A. <ri. 
f. 43.) Far the Cm of this and similar hymns, aee 
AUeltda. [W. A. S.J 

Translations in C. U. ; — 

1. AH*lutM sonsd jo, In attaint of holy land. 
By J, 1). Chambers, 1st pub. in his Laudu Syon, 
1857, in 9 st. of 6 1., including the refrain. In 
1668, st. i., ii. t iv., v., and viii. were included, 
with alight alterations, in Sarum, as No. 185. 

t, Alleluia ! now be nutf. By J. Skinner, made 
for and 1st pubi in his Daily Service Hymnal, 
1864, No, 75, in two ports, part ii. being: "Bright 
and lovely morning star," This tr., although 
somewhat elaborated, is suited to congregational 
use, and is worthy of being better known. 

t, BJif AUeltda forth in duteous pralat. By J. 
EUerton. 1st pub., with an explanatory and 
historical note, in The Churchman's Family Maga- 
zine, 1665. In 1868 it was embodied in the 
Itev. R, Brown-Bortlt wick's SuppL Hymn and 
Tune Bk., and again, after revision by die trans* 
lator, in the App. to H. A. $ M. the same year. 
It was revised a second time for Ch. Hys., 1871, 
and has also been printed elsewhere with the 
alteration of a word or two, hut usually with 
the translator's consent. Orig. tr, as above ; 
authorised tr. in Ch. Hys. Since its publication 
in H. A. $ M., 1868, it has bscn included in 
almost every hymnal of note in G. Britain, and 
most English-speaking countries. It is the most 
rigorous, musical, and popular rendering of the 
"Alleluia piis edite" which we possess. 

IrudttioB net in C. V. : — 
Alleluia E let the holy sounds of cheerful praises 
ring. Cripftn't Ane. Jlyi., lB68,p. 26. fj, J,] 

Alleluia, sing to Jeans. W. C, Dix. 
[Holy Communion.'] Written about the year 
1866; the author's design being to assist in 
supplying a then acknowledged lack of Eu- 
chari3tic hymns in Church of England 
hymnals. It was 1st pub. in his Altar Songs, 
1667, No. vii, in 5 st. of 8 1., and appointed 
especially for Ascension-tide, with the title 
" Redemption by the Precious Blood." From 
Altar Songs it passed, unaltered, into the 
App. to JET. A, AM., 1868, No. 350, and sub- 
sequently into numerous collections both in 
Q. Brit, and America, sometimes in a slightly 
altered and abbreviated form. 

Alleluia! With a diadem of beauty. 

W. T. Brooke, [Saints' Dam.'] This versifi- 
cation of Rev. J. H. Rod-well's prose transla- 
tion of the Song of the Saints from the Abys- 
sinian hymnal of Jared was 1st pub. in the 
Monthly Packet, Nov. 1871, in a aeries of 
articles on the " Songs of Other Churches," 
by the Rev. L. C. Biggs. In 1882 it was 
included in Mr. Brooke's Churchman's Manual 
of Private and Family Devotion, and is in 8 
st. of 7 1. [W. T. B.] 

Allen, Elisabeth-Lee. [Smith, 2. I.] 

Allen, Henry. [AUias, H.] 

Allen, James, b. at Gayle, Wensley- 
dale, Yorkshire, June 24, 1734, and educated 
with a view to taking Holy Orders, first with 



BO 



ALLEN, JONATHAN 



two clergyman at different times, and then fur 
ono year at St. John's Coll., Cambridge. 
Leaving the University in 1752 ho became a 
follower of Benjamin Ingham, the founder of 
the sect of the Inghamites, but subsequently 
joined himself to the Sandemaniana [see 
Scottish Hymnody] ; and finally bnilt a chapel 
on bis estate at Gayle, and ministered therein 
to the time of Mb death ; d. 31st Oct., 1804. 
Ho pub. a small volume, Christian Song* 
containing 17 hymns, and was the editor and 
a principal contributor to the Kendal Jlymn 
Book, 1757, and Appendix to the 2nd ed., 17G1. 

Allen, Jonathan. Concerning this hymn- 
writer, to wliom is credited the hymn, " Sin- 
ners, will you scorn t)ie message?" wo can 
only say that this hymn appeared in Hys. 
adapted to i'ub. If ortkip, collated from variom 
Author*, Exctor, S. Woolmer, 1801, edited 
by Biohard Pearsoll Allen, Minister of Costlo 
Street Meeting, Exotor; and that in D. 
Sedgwick's marked copy of John Dobell's 
New Selection, tie., 180b, it is attributed to 
Jonathan Allen, What authority Sedgwick 
had for this ascription wo cannot determine. 
It is through him that it has gained currency. 
Allen'a hymn, " Sinners, will you acorn, &c," 
is sometimes given with at. i. and ii. transposed, 
as "Hear the heralds of the Gospel," asm the 
Amor. Bap. Praiis Bk., N. Y, 1871. 

[W. T. B.] 

Allen, Oswald, s. of John Allen, banker, 
of Kirkby Lonadato, Westmoreland, audgreat- 
nephew of James Allen (q.v.) ; b. at Kirkby 
Lonsdale, 1816, and educated in that town. 
After residing for a time in Glasgow, ho re- 
turned to Kirkby Lonsdale, and joined the 
staff of the local bank ; d. October 2, 1878. 
Iu 1861 (Preface, Oct, 1861), ho pub. Hymn* 
of the Chriitian Life, Lond., Nisbet. It con- 
tains 148 hymns, a few of which are in C. U. 

Allen, William, d.d., b. at Kttefleld, 
Mass., 1784, graduated at Harvard, 1802. He 
became Pastor of Pittsfield, 1810 ; President of 
Dartmouth University, 1817, and of Bowdoin 
College, 1820-1839. He d. at Northampton, 
1868. He published the American Biographical 
and Historical Dictionary, 1809 ; Psalm* and 
Hymns, 1835. The latter containa Ver- 
dana of all the Psalms, and 200 original 
hymns. Some of the hymns, especially those 
about slavery, are curious. Five are found m. 
CampbeH'a Comprehensive H. Bk., Lond, 1837 
Hia eompositiona have almost entirely passed 
out of use. [F. M. B.j 

Allendorf; Johann Ludwig Conrad, 
b. Feb. 9, 1693, at Josbach, near Marburg, 
Hesse, where hia father was pastor. He 
entered the University of Giesson in 171 1, but 
in 1713 passed on to Hallo to study under 
Franeke, and then, in 1717, became tutor in 
the family of Count Honkel of Odersberg. 
In 1723 he became tutor to the family of 
Count Erdmann v. Promnitz at Sorau, and in 
1721 was appointed Lutheran Court preacher 
at Cotlien, when oneof the Count's daughters 
was married to the Prince of Auhalt-Ccithon. 
After the deatli of his first wife the Prince 
married her younger sister, but the latter 



ALLENDOBF, J. L. C. 

dying iu 1750, the need for a Lutheran Court 
preacher ceased, he being of the Reformed 
Confession. Allendorf was then summonod 
by Count Christian Ernst v. Stolberg to Wer- 
nigorode, where a sister of his former patron- 
esses was the wife of the Count's eldest son. 
There he was assistant in two -churches till 
1755, when he wob appointed pastor of the 
Liebfran Church, and a member of the Con- 
sistory. In 1760 he became pastorof St. Ulrich's 
Church in Halle, and successfully laboured 
there till, on June 3, 1773, " As a Simeon of 
eighty years ho received his peaceful summons 
home to rest in the arms of Jesus" (JCoeft, iv. 
441-146; Allg. Deutsche Biog., i. 349, &e.). 
His hymns, which are "hymns of love to 
Christ, the Lamb of God, and the Bridegroom 
of the believing soul," appeared principally in 
the Einige gantt new avserleeene Lieder, Halle, 
H. D. (c. 1733), and theEinige gantz neve Lieder 
turn Lobe dee Dreyeinigen Qottes and zar ge- 
wunschtett reichen Erhawtng vieler Xenschen. 
The latter, known as the CbVmitehe Lieder, 
contains hymns of the Pietislaof the younger 
Halle School, such as Lchr, Allendorf, Wol- 
tersdorf, Kunth, 4c. ; and to its first ed., 1736, 
Allendorf contributed 45 hymns, whiio the 
4th ed., 1744, contains in its second pt. 46, and 
tho 5th ed., 1768, in its third pt. 41 additional 
hymns by him — in all 132, 
Four of his hymns have been tr., viss. : — 

1, Bis Brunnliui quillt, da* Jjesenswasser 
timet £/£ Communion.'} Founded on Ps. Ixr, 
1st pub. in 1733, p. 14* and included, in 1736, 
as above, in st. of 8 1., as a " Brunnenlied." 
Repeated as No. 1570 in the Berlin G. L. S. 
ed. 1863. The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

Hie Fountain flows I — its waters — mil are needing, 

omitting St. iv., vi., ii., by H. Mills ia his florae 
GemtanKat, 1845 (ed. 1856, p. 43). The tr. of 
st. ].— iti., villi, altered to " The Fountain flows f 
waters of life bestowing," were included, us 
Ho. 819, in the Luth. General Synod's Colt. 
1850. 

8, Die Beele rnht in Teen Armen. [Etcnlil 
Life.} Founded on an anonymous hymn in 5 St. 
beginning, " Ich ruhe nun in Gottes Annen," 
included as No. 655, in pt. ii., 1714, of Frey- 
linghausen's G. B. ; but not in the Einhundert 
, . . Lieder, Dresden, 1G94 [Leipzig Town Li- 
brary]. According to Laitxnuuin in Koch, liii. 
689, Allendorfs hymn was first printed sepa- 
rately. In pt. ii. of the 4th ed., 1744, of the COth- 
niacin: Lieder, as above, p. 264, in 13 St. of 10 1. 
entitled, " Of a soul blessed there with the bea- 
tific vision," Rev. xxii. 4. Written in the spirit 
of Canticles, it is included iu full in the A'eno 
Sammlnng, Wernigerode, 1752, No. 9S, but is 
generally abridged, Knapp, in his Er>. L. 8., 1850, 
No. 3059 .(ed. 1865, No. 3123) altering it and 
omitting st. vi., ix., x. Lauxmanu relates that 
Diaconns Sehlipalius, of the Holy Cross Church 
in Dresden, told hie wife on Jan. 1, 1764, while ho 
was yst in perfect health, that he wonld die during 
the year. He comforted her apprehensions with 
st* vi.— xi. of this hymn, which consoled himself 
shortly before his death on April 6 of that year. 
The only tr. in G. U. is :— 

Now rests her *oul in Jeans' aims, A good tr, 
of st. i., ii., riii., iii., liii., in the 1st Ser., 183S, 



ALLE8 1ST AN GOTTBS 

of Miss Winkworth's Lyra Get:, p. 250 (later 
ede. p. 252), Thence, omitting at. iii., as No. 362 
in E. H. BicfcerBteth'e P». $Hy»., 1858. Another 
to 1 , is, " In Jems' arms her ioul doth rest," by 
Mrs. Bevan, 1858, p. 42. 

S. Jim lit komown, Grand ewiger Trend*. 
[Advent] First pub. in 1736 as above (ed. 1738, 
p. 103), in 23 st. of 6 ]., as a hymn of triumph 
on the Coming of the Saviour to our world, 
St. John iii. 31. In the Speiei G. B„ 1859, 
11 st. are selected, and in the WBrttemberg 
0. B., 1842, 6 st. are given as So. 84. The 
only tr. is, "Jcsub is come, joy heaven- 
lighted," by Miss Warner, in her B. of tht 
Church Militant, 1853 (ed. 1861, p. 433). 

4. TJntar lilkn jener Frwuton. [Longing for 
Heaven.'] A beautiful hymn on the Joys of 
Heaven, more suited for private than for Church 
use. It appeared as, " In den Anen jener Freu- 
den," in the Sammlunj Geist- wwf licUicher 
Licder, Hermhut, 1731, No. 1004, in 8 at, 
of 6 1. When repeated in 1733, p. 67, and 
in 1736, in the CStfmittfu) Littler, as above, 
l*s. lxrxiv. S, was given as a motto, and the first 
line as Untcr Litien. Included in this form as 
No. 721 in the Berlin G. L. & ed. 1863. Lnui- 
mnnn, in Koch, riii. 687-689, relates that it was 
repeated on bar death-bed by the first wife of 
Jung-Stilling, and that it was a favourite hymn 
of Wilhelm Hofaoker, a well-known Wiirtteni- 
berg clergyman. The only tr, is, "Glorious 
are the fields of heaven," by Mrs. Bevan, 1859, 
p. 131, [J. M.] 

Alles 1st on Gottes Segen. Anon. 
xvii. cent [Trust in God.'] This hymn on 
Christian faith and pationco is mentioned by 
Koch, v. 605, ns anonymous and as dating a. 
1673. In the Nurnberg ff. B. of 1678 it is 
No. 043 (ed. 1H90, No. 940), in 6 st. of 8 1., 
'marked "Aiionymus." Included as No. 488 
in the Unv. L. 8., 1851. 

Translation in C, U. : — 

All thingi hug on our pouwMtar. Good and 
full in the 2nd Series, 1858, of Miss Winkworth's 
Lyra Ger., p. 189, and thence, as No. 130, in 
her C. B. for England, 1863, and in full in the 
Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1880, No. 326. [J. M.] 

AlHne, Henry [Allen], b. at Newport, 
E I., Juno 14, 1748, was some time a minister 
at Falmouth, Nova Bcotia, and d. at North 
Hill, N.8., Fob. 7, 1784. Alline, whose name is 
sometimes spelt AReti, ia Bald to nave founded 
a seat of "Ailcuites," who maintained that 
Adam and Eve before the fell had no corporeal 
bodies, and denied the resurrection of the body. 
These peculiar views may liavo a place in his 
prose works, but they cannot be traced in his 
487 Hymn* and Spiritual Songs, in five books, 
of which the 3rd ed., now rare, was pub. at 
Dover and Boston, U.B.A., 1797, and another 
at Btoningtonport, Conn., 1803. Of those 
hymns 37 are found in Smith and Jones's 
Hymn* for the Vte of Christians, 1803, and 
some in later books of that body. The best 
"f these hymns, " Amazing sigh£ the Saviour 
stands," from the 1st ed. of Hymn* and Spiri- 
tual Songs (1790 ?), is preserved in Hntfivld's 
Ch. H. Bit., 1872, No. 569, where it is given 
anonymously from Nettleton's Village Hymn*; 



ALMA BEDEMPT01U8 51 

(ilso in the Bapt. PraUe Bk, and others. 
Alline's hymns are unknown to the English 
collections. [F. M - B ] 

Allon, Henry, v.v., tin Independent 
Minister, b, at Welton, near Hull, October 18, 
1818, and educated at Chcshunt Coll., Herts. 
In 1844 he became co-pastor with tho Bov. 
T, Lewis of the Union Cliaptl, Islington, 
and succeeded to the sole pastorate on tho 
death of Mr. Lewis in 1852. In 1865 Dr. 
Alton becomo co-editor with Dr. Reynolds 
of the Briliih Quarterly Review, and iu 1877 
the sole editor of that journal. Uis Memoir 
of the Rev. J. Sherman, pub. in 1863, mid 
his Sermons on The Vition of God, 1876, 
ore well known. As a composer of hymns 
he is represented by one hymn only, "Low 
in Thine agony," a good hymn for Fas- 
siontide, contributed to his Suppl. Hytmu, 
18G8, No. 21. His services to Hjmnody, 
especially in tho musical deportment, hare 
beon of value. In addition to acting as co- 
editor of the Hew Cong. H. Bk. 1859, Ike pub. 
Supplemental Hymn*, 1868, enlarged ed. 1875; 
Children'* Worthip, 1878; and The Congre- 
gational Ptalmitt Hymnal, 1886. His musicul 
compilations are the Congregational Pialmht, 
Ijondon, 1858, in conjunction with Dr. Gaunt- 
Ictt, in which his Historical Preface and 
Biographical Notes display considerable re- 
search and accuracy (various eds. 1868, 1875, 
1883, raising the original 330 to 650 tunes); 
2nd seel of the same, Chant Book. 1860 : 8rd 
sect., Anthem* for Congregational Uee, 1872 ; ith 
sect, Tunes for Children'* Worthip, 1879. 
These musical works, together with fits essay, 
" The Worship of the Church," contributed 
to Dr. Bevnblds*s Eccktta, 1870; and his 
most valuable lectures delivered in connection 
with tho Y, M. C. A. in Exeter Hall ;— Church 
Song in it* Relation to Church Life, 1861-2 ; and 
Psalmody of (ftc Reformation, 1863-4, — have 
done much towards raising tlte musical por- 
tion of Nonconformist worship to a higher 
and more cultured position. [J, J.] 

AIIsop, Solomon B., b. 1824; resided 
iu Jamaica, whero his father laboured ns a 
missionary, from 1827 to 1830, when he re- 
turned to England. Joining the Noncon- 
formist ministry he has been successively 
Pastor at Whittlesea, Longford, March, and 
Burton-on-Trent. In 1879 ho was President 
of the Baptist Annual Association. When at 
Longford, 1864-68, Mr. AIIsop wrote several 
hymns for the local Anniversary. Of these, 
" Our hymn of thanks we sing to-day " was 
included in Stevenson's Sch. Hymnal, 1880, 
No. 323, in 5 st. of 6 1. 

Alma Eedemptoria Mater quae por> 
Via coeli. [B. V. jtf.] Ono of four Anti- 
phons to tho B. V. M. used at the termina- 
tion of the Offices, the remaining three being 
the Ave Jtegina, the Regina coeli, and the 
Salve Regina. It is ascribed to Hermanns 
Contractu*, who d 1054. In Daniel, ii. p. 318, 
the text is given in fall, together with a note 
setting forth its use, wiih readings from a 
Munich us. probably of tho 13lh cent. It is 
also in a 11th cent. Sarum Breviart) in tho 
British M«$eum (hsb. Beg. 2 A., xiv. f. 235 b) ; 



52 



ALMIGHTY AUTHOR 



in the Roman Breviary, Modena, 1480, f- 512 ; 
tlio Torh Breviary, 1493, (reprint, 1883, ii. 
494), Ac. Concerning its use we may odd 
from Itanfel and other authorities : — 

That It Is appointed to be said at the end of Compline 
from the Satnnlay before the first Sunday In Advent to 
the 2nd of February, inclusively, and that In the eld 
Franciscan Breviary, dated Uirt, It la to be sung till 
Qulnquageslma Sunday. In the BrerUriea of Roue, 
FttrU, Lyon*, frc,, It 1* to be said at the end of Compline 
from tbe lit Vespers of the 1st Sunday In Advent to 
the Feast of the Purification, inclusively) also after 
l£uds during; this time, If the choir where toe office is 
recited be left ; if Prime, or other Hoars, snail be told 
immediately after Lauds, then this Antiphon should be 
used at the end, once for all. Should the Feoet of the 
Purification he transferred, on account of some privi- 
leged day (as Septusgeaini* Sunday) falling on the same 
tune, yet the ^tmo tfedtmptorit Mater la not to be con- 
tinued beyond Feb. % according (o decrees of the Roman 
Congregation of Rttes, 1631, 1693, 11». 

How well thil Antiphon wan known iu Eng- 
land in the Middle Ages we may judge from 
the use which Chaucer made of it in his 
Priorest's Tale, 'where the whole story is 
associated therewith. In tbe tale it is intro- 
duced in the following linen : — 

" This litel chllde his litel book tearing, 
As bs sale in the ■col* at bis prinwre, 
He Alma Bedmstorit btrde stag. 
As chfttrm lend hlr anttphonsre : 
And as he dorst, he drew him nets and ncre, 
And herkeoed ay the wordes and tbe note. 
Til he the finite vers eoude al by rote." 

The Poet then explains the way in which 
the cliild mastered the Antiphon, together 
with the music to which it was set; and 
describes liis singing it in the public streets, 
his murder by the Jews for so doing, and the 
subsequent results. This Antiphon is distinct 
from the Sequence, " Alma reoemptoris Mater 
qiiam de coelis misit pater," given in Daniel, 
v. 113 ; Mone, ii. p. 200 ; Neale's Beg. ex Mis- 
taUtmt, p. 72, and others. The Sequence 
JbTbn« quotes from a us. of tbe 13th cent Of 
this there is, so far as we are aware, no ir. into 
English. From the constant use of the Anti- 
phon, both In publio and private, by all Roman 
Catholics, translations, either in prose or verse, 
arc in nearly all their devotional manuals. It 
is only necessary to specify the following: — 

Translation in C. U. :— 

Xethsr ef Christ, hen then thy people's sry. 
By E. Oaswnll, 1st pub. in his Lyra Cathotka, 
1849, p. 38, and in his Hymns $ Poems, 1873, 
p. 22. Its use is confined to the Reman Catholic 
collections for schools and missions, 

Translations not fa 0, XT, t — 

1. Kindly Mother of the Redeemer. Card. Newman, 
Tract* far Hit Tbmti, No. 1&, 11130. 

3. Sweet Mother of our Saviour blest. /. WaUaa, 
1st*, ry,] 

Almighty Author of my frame. 

Amte Steele. [PraUe.~\ The first hymn of 
her Poem* on Subject* chiefly Devotional, 1700, 
vol. i. pp. 1-2, in 5 St. of 4 )., nnd entitled 
'' Desiring to praise God.". It wss repeated 



in the new ed. of the same, 1780, pp. 1-2, and 
tigain in Sedgwick's reprint of her Hymn*, 
&c, 1863. It came into C. U. through the 



Bristol Bapt Coll. of Hys. of Ash and Evans, 
1769, No. 40. Its modern use, except in 
America, is very limited. 

Almighty Father, bless the word. 

[After Sermon.} This hymn appeared nnony- 



ALM1GHTY FATHER 

mously iu Dr. W. A. Muhlenberg's Church 
Poetry. Fliila., 1823. It was repeated in the 
Amer. Prayer Book Cott* 1826, as No. 39, in 
2 st. It is found in several American col- 
lections, but is not in C. U. in Great Britain. 

Almighty Father, Ood of grace. T. 

CutteriU. [For Pardon."} A metrical render- 
ing of the Confession from the B. of C. Prayer 
given in his Set. 1810, and continued in later 
eds. The ascription here to Oottcrill is based 
on the authority of two marked copies of the 
8th cd. of the Bel. 1819, in the Brooke and 
Julian Libraries. Orig. text in Snepp's 8. of 
<?. & G. 1872, No. 4B1. 

Almighty Father, gracious Lord. 
Anne Steele, [Providence and Qraee.] "Praise 
to God for the Blessings of Providence and 
Grace," is the title of this hymn in 16 st of 
4 1. in her Poems, &c, 1760, and 2nd edit. 
1780- A oento therefrom in Dr. Alexander's 
Augustine H. Bk., 1849-65, is composed of st 
i., »., viL-ix., xv., and xvi. It is also found 
in some American collections. Another ar- 
rangement of stanzas beginning with the first 
st. was included in Ootterill'a Bel, 1810. Of 
this, st, iii., II. 3-8, is altered from Cowper. 

Almighty Father, heaven and earth. 
E. A. Dayman. [Offertory.] 1st pub. in the 
Barvm Hymnal, 18oo\ No. 292,, and appointed 
as an " Offertory Hymn." Together with 2 st. 
as a "General Heeding," and 2 st as a 
" General Ending," it embodies two parte of 
4 st, of 4 1., and a doxology. In the Hymnary, 
1872, No. 022, it assumed the form of a single 
hymn, embracing the "General Heading,™ 
"Part i.," the 1st st. of the « General Ending," 
and the doi., thus omitting one stanza of the 
latter, and the whole of pt 2. Some slight 
alterations are also introduced therein. 

Almighty Father, let Thy love. B. 

W. Eddi*. [Matrimony.'] Writtwi in 1863, 
and published in his Irvingite Hys. for the use 
of the Churches, in 1864, No. 114, and later 

editions. 

Almighty Father of mankind. M. 
Bruce. [Providence.'] We attribute this hymn 
to M. Bruce on grounds stated in his Memoir 
in this work. It was written probably about 
1764, and 1st pub. in J. Logan's Poems, 1781, 
Na 3, in 3 st of 4 1. Its use is not extensive 
in G. Brit, bat it, is found in many of the 
American hymnals. Text from Logan in Dr. 
Grosart's Worhs of Michael Bruce, 186E. 

Almighty Father t robed with light. 
E. T. Pilgrim. [Resignation.] From his 
Hymns written chiefly on the Divine Attributes 
of the Supreme Being, 2nd cd., 1631, p. 8. 
It is Hymn iv. " On Besignation," in 3 st of 
41., and is based on the words, " Thy Will 
be done." It is in several collections. 



Almighty Father, Thou hast many 
a blessing. [Benunaiation.'] Anon., in Long- 
fellow and Johnson's Amer. Book of Hys^ 
1846, No. 217 ; and their Hymn* of the Spirit, 
1864, No. 365, in 3 st. of 41. 



ALMIGHTY GOD 

Almighty God, be Thou our Guide. 
[Security in God.] Anon., in Holy Song for 
all Seatom, Load., Bell & Duldy, 1809, No. 
368, in 5 st, of 41. 

Almighty God, Eternal Lord. [Before 
a jSmnon.l A cento mainly from hymns 
by C. Wesley as given in the Wet. H. Bk. 
1780. The let st is titan. " Come, O Thou all 
victorious Lord," at. i, tho 2nd, from "Thou 
Son of God, Whose flaming eyes," st. v., tho 
4th, from "Father of all in whom alone;" 
and the 3rd and 5th, possibly by tho compiler. 
As the cento has not been traced to an earlier 
date than CotteriU's Set, 1805, No. 71, it was 
probably compiled by Cotterill from the Wet. 
H. Bk. To modern collections in Great 
Britain it is almost entirely unknown, bat its 
use in America is somewhat extensive. The 
concluding line, " And faith he lost in sight," 
anticipated Dr. Neale*a " Till hope be lost in 
sight,* in H. A. A M„ 1875, No. 228, st. ir., and 
otter hymnals. The history of the bymns 
from which this cento is compiled may be 
found under their respective first lines. 

Almighty God, in humble prayer. 
/. Montgomery. [For Wisdom.] This hymn 
is in the "n kss.," but undated. It was 

Suhi in Montgomery's Christian Psalmist, 1825, 
To. 498, in 6 st of 4 1. and entitled " Solomon's 
Prayer for Wisdom." It is repeated, without 
alteration, in his Original Hymns, 1853, No. 70. 
In modern collections it is usually given in an 
abbreviated form, as in Windues Metrical 
Psalter a- Hymnal, No. 11, Harlnnd'u Ch. 
Ptolter, No. 199, tho Ainer. Sobb. if. Bk., &<s. 

Almighty God of love. C. Wesley. 
[Missions.] A cento composed of Nos. 1137, 
1158, and 1159 of his Short Hymns, &o., 1762, 
vol. L p. 391. In this form it was given in the 
Wet. if. Bk. 1780, and has been retained in 
all editions of that work. It has also passed 
into numerous collections, specially of the 
Methodist bodies, both in G. Brit, and 
Amorica. Orig. text in P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. iz. p. 469. 

Almighty God, the pure and just 
B, (bier, [Lent.] 1st pub. in the Mitre 
H. Book, 1886, No. 1, in 4*t. of 4 I. and again 
with slight variations in tho Author's Church 
and King, July 1837. In Kennedy, 1863, No. 
631, it is subject to further alterations which 
are repeated in detail from Cooke & Denton's 
BjpnnaX, 1853, No. 69, hut with the omission 
of their doxology. 

Almighty God, Thy Name X praise. 
Dorothy A. llirupp- [God the Fatter.] Con- 
tributed to her Hymns for (he Young (1st ed. 
n.b. c 1830, 4th ed, Lond. 1836), No, 63, in 
8 st. of 4 1. and entitled, " Praise to God for 
Mercies.*' From tlitnoe it passed into BIrs. 
Herbert Mayo'siSeL ofHys.A Poetry, Ax., Lond. 
E. Suter (1st ed. 1838, 4th ed. 184!)), with the 
signature "n. a. t." It is found in several 
collection* for children, including the Ch. S. 8. 
H. Bk„ 1868, and others. [W. T. B.] 

Almighty God, Thy piercing eye. i 

I. Wattt. [Omniscience.] let pub. in his 



ALMIGHTY MAKEB 



53 



Divine Songs, 1715, in 6 st. of 4 1., and en- 
titled, " The All-seeing God," and again in 
all subsequent editions of the same work. 
It is given in various collections in Great 
Britain and America, principally in those for 
children, and sometimes in an abbreviated 
form. Orig. text in the Meth. S. S. H. Bk., 
1879, No. 298. In cue or two American col- 
lections it is attributed to Beddome in error. 

•Almighty God, Thy sovereign 
power. J. Jvltan. [AUnegivingJ Written 
for and 1st pub. in St. Mary't 'Ch. S. 8. H. 
Bk., Preston, Lancashire, 1874, in st. of 4 1. 

Almighty God, Thy word Is cast. 
J, Cavxsod. [After Sermon.'] Written about 
1815, and 1st pub. in Cotterill'a Set., 8th ed. 
1819, No. 268, in 5 Bt. of 4 1., and given for 
use "After a Sermon" [&, msb.]. It was re- 
printed in Montgomery's Christ Ptal, 1825, 
No. 253. From that date it. grew in import- 
ance as a congregational hymn, until its use 
has become extensive in alt English-speaking 
countries, in some cases with tile omission of 
one or more stanzas, and in others; with the 
addition of a doxology. Two texts, purporting 
to be the original, are extant. The first is 
that of Cotterill as above, from which the 
hymn has been taken in a more or less correct 
form until 1862, when the second was given 
from the original MS. in Lord Selborne^a Bk. 
of Praise, 1862, p. 470, and Lyra Brit, 1867, 
p. 131. One of the best arrangements of the 
hymn is a slightly altered form of the latter 
in Thring's <£&, 1882; No. 151. 

Almighty God, to-night. J. M. NeaU, 

[Hvening.] A child's hymn at "Bedtime," 
pub. in his Hymns for Children, 1842, in 5 st. 
of 4 1., and again in later editions. In use in 
American Songs of Christian Praise, 1880. 

Almighty God, 'whose only Son. 
Sir H. W. Baker. [Missions.] Contributed 
to the Am. to H. A. & Jf, 18C8, No. 357, in 
7 st of 4 l., and repeated in the revised edi- 
tion of 1875, and other collections. 

Almighty King, 'whose 'wondrous 
hand. W. Cotcper. [Grace and Providence.] 
No. 81, Bk. iii„ of the Olney Hymns, 1779, 
in 5 st. of 4 1., and entitled " Grace and 
Providence." It has not attained to the posi- 
tion of many of Cowper's hymns, and is found 
in a few collections only, including Marti- 
Man's Hymns, 4c, 1810 and 1873. 

Almighty Lord and King. [God un- 
changeable.] An anonymous hymn in Dr. 
Alexander's Augustine H. Bk., 2nd ed. 1858. 

Almighty maker, Godl I. Watts. 
[Praise.] 1st pub. in his Home Lyrieae, 1701!, 
in 11 sL of 4 It and entitled " Sincere Praise." 
In its complete form it is unknown to the col- 
lections, but centos differing in length and 
armngomont, hut all opening with the first 
stauzn, are found in numerous bymnnla in 
G. Brit, and America. 

Almighty Maker, I*srd of all [Holt- 
nets.] This hymn is given in J. H, Thorn's 
Unitarian Hyt., Chants & Anthems, 1858, No. 



hi 



ALMIGHTY RtlLER 



433, aa from " Beci* OA," i.e. Kippis's Cult, of 
which Abraham Roes was ono of tho editors, 
1795 : No. 206, where it is given aa from 
" Select Collection of 1756." 

Almighty Ruler of tho skies, J. 
Wattt. \Ps. via.] His i* si. paraph, of t. 
1, 2, of Pa. viii, lat pnb. in hie Psalms of 
David, 1719, m 5 at or 4 1., and entitled 
"The Hoeanna of the Children; or, Infants 
praising God." His explanation of the open- 
ing stanzas is given in a note tiros: — "Those 
two first verses aro here paraphrased and ex- 
plained by the history of the Children crying 
Hoeanna to Christ, Matt. xxi. 15, 16, where 
onr Saviour cites and applies those words of 
the Psalmist." 

Although not of the first importance, it 
might be utilized as a hymn for Palm Sunday. 
Its use is limited. The New Cong., copying 
from the LeetU H. Bk., 1853, omits St. iii. and v. 

Al imiT" flamen, vita rmradi. [Whit- 
twntide.] This hymn is of unknown origin 
and date. It is in the Corolla Eyimorvm, 
Cologne, 1806, p. 10. Daniel, it p. 888, gives 
it iu 7 st. of 9 1., without note or comment 
It ia not known to bo in use in ativ liturgical 
work. |W. A. S.] 

Transl&tion in C, U. .— 

Lord oi Rtrnal Buwtitr. By E. CaswalJ, 1st 
put. in his Masque of Mary and other Poems, 
1858, in 7 st. of 10 1., and again io his Jlymns 
and Poems, 1873, p. 131 . Iu this form it is not in 
C U., but a cento, beginuing with st, ii., " Come 
Thou, who dost the soul endue" (Vcni, Spiritus 
Creator), was compiled for the Uymnarg, 1872, 
No. 329, and received the sanction of Sir. Cas- 
wnll, shortly before his death (a. MSB.). Another 
tr. not in C. U. is " Genial Spirit, earth's emo- 
tion," by Dr. Kynnston in his Oacashnai Hijnais, 
1862. 

Alone! to land alone upon that 
Shore. F. W. Faler. [Uunffc.] Pub. in his 
Hymn*, 18(52, No. 118, in 10 st. of 6 1. Prom 
it'two centos are in C. U., both beginning 
with the sumo first lino as above, and altered 
throughout ; tho first being No. 6 in tho Scot- 
tish lbrox Hymnal, 1871, and tho second, No. 
909, in the Bapt. Hymnal, 187S. 

Altenburg, Johann Michael, b. at 
Alacb, near Erfurt, on Trinity Sunday, 1581. 
After completing his studies he was for some 
time leaclier and precentor in Erfurt. In 
1608 ho was appointed pastor of Ilversgehofen 
and Marboch near Erfurt; in 1611, of Trooh- 
tolborn; and in 1621 of GroBs-Sommern or S5m- 
merda near Erfurt. In the troublous war times 
lie wns farced, in 1631, to fleo to Erfurt, and 
there, on the news of the victory of Ltipzig, 
Supt 17, 1631, lie composed his best known 
hymn. He remained in Erfurt without a 
charge till, in 1887, lie was appointed diaconug 
of the Augustine Church, and, in 1688, pastor 
of St. Andrew's Church. He d. ut Erfurt 
February 12, 1640 (Koch, iii. 115-117 ; Allg. 
Deutiche Biog., i. p. 363, and x. p. 766 — tho 
latter saying he did not go to Erfurt till 
1637). He was a good musician, and seems 
to liave been the composer of the melodies 



AI/TENBURG, J. M. 

rather than of the words of some of the 
hymns ascribed to him. Two of his hymns 
have been (r. into English, viz. ; — 

1. Aus Jakob's Btamm tin Stent aehr klar, 

S Christmas^ Included us No. 3 of his Christ' 
iche lieWicae und and&chtiije neico Kirchen- una? 
jffauw-ffesdBjie, pt. i., lirfurt, 1G20, in 3 st. of 
5 1. According to Wetzel's A. H~, vol. i.,nt. v. p. 
41, it was first pub. in J. FOrster's Hohen Festtagis~ 
Schreinlein, 1611. In the Vnv. L. 8., 1851, No, 
24. It has been tr. as " From Jacob's root, a 
star so deal'," by Miss Manington, 1864, p. 13, 

J. Ventage nlcht dn Haaflriji ItUin. [la 2h)wW*.] 
Concerning the authorship of this nymn there 
are three main theories— i. that it is by Gitstavus 
Adolphta ; ii. that the ideas are his and the dic- 
tion that of his chaplain, Dr. Jacob Fabrieha ; and 
liL that it is by Alteninrg. In tracing out the 
hymn we find flxat : — 

The oldest accessible form (a in two pamphlets pub- 
lished shortly &fter the death of Qnatavue Adolphas, 
. via., the Bpiit&ion, Lcipjig, B.C. trot probably In the end 
of 1G32 [Royal Library, Berttn]: and Arnold Atengerlng'e 
BbUlgt8ieg*-C">M. Leipzig, 1933 [Town Library, Ham- 
burg}. Io the Jfpiadioit the hymn Is entitled, " Kuntg- 
Itcher Schwanengeaang So Ihre Hajest. vor dem Lntzen- 
■cbeaTreffenton^ttcbeniuGott gesungen"; andtnthe 
Slegs-Crow, p. 73, "Der 8, Kan. Mayt. >n Sebweden 
IJed, welches Sle vor der Schlocbt geanngen." In both 
cases there aro 3 ats. :— . 

L Veraage nicht, do JEtnffleln klefn, 
11. Truste dtch dess, doss delne Sach. 
Iii, So walir Oott tiott 1st, and eein Wort. 

The next form Is ihat In J. Clauuer's PidlniMiae 
Aowu Pars lartto, Leipzig, lfijs, No, 17, In & st, of C 
tines, st, t.-iil. aa above, and— 

iv, Aeh Gott nieti In des delne Goad 
v, Hllff diss wir inch nach delnetn Wort. 
No aathor'e name Is given. In the Bayrtuth Q. B., 
IBM, p. ass, st. iv„ v., are marked as an addition by 
Dr. Samuel Zehner; and by J. C Olearliu In bL4 
Liefar-BchiUz, 1N», p. l«,oa written to IBM (1033;), 
when the Croats had partially burnt Schleusiugeo, 
where Zehner woe tUeii superintondent. 

The third form of Importance is that given in 
Jcremias Weber's I&pzig &, £„lfi38,p. 051, where It is 
entitled " A eoul-rejolclng hymn of Conwladon npon 
the wstchwot^— God with ns — used by the UtoiugelWl 
army in the battle of Leipzig, 7th Sept., 1S31, cotnjwscHl 
by M. JohAtin Altenbuw, pastor At Gross SiiiomertL in 
jlttringcn," [i.e. SLtmmerda in 'Dmringia], It tsin $sK, 
of which sts. t.-iii. are the same as tbe 1033, and an; 
marked .is by Altenburff. St. If., v., beginning — 
Iv. DrQmb soy getrost dn kleines llcoi 
v. Amen, dim hilff llerr Jesu Christ, 
ar^ marked jib ** Additamentum Ignoti." Thla ts ttio 
form In C U. as In the Berlin a. L. 3„ ed. 1S03, No, 
1842. 

In favour of Altenburg there Is the explicit declara- 
tion of the Leipzig a. B., 1033, followed by mast 
subsequent writers. The idea that the hymn was by 
Guttavut AfylpHnt seems to bsvo uo other foundation 
then that In many of the old hymn-books it was called 
Guttanut A&tjlphutft Jtattlt Hymn. The theory tbot the 
Ideas were communicated by the King to his cluplalit, 
Dr. Fobrklus, after the battle of Leipzig, and by 
Fabrlcius Ter^lhed, is tnalntaiDCd by alohnike. in Ins 
nyvmdlQfflwiht fitrKkmigen. 1832, pt. ti. pp. E^-OS, lint 
Tests on very slender evidence. In Koch, vlll. 13^-141, 
there la the following striking word-picture : — 

If, then, we must deny to the hymn Albert Kuspp's 
charactertaation of It as * a little feather from tlieenglc 
wing of Ctustavus Adulpbus," so much the moro its 
original title as his "iswnn Song" remains true, it 
was on tho morning of the A Nov^ 1G33, tliat tbe 
Catholic army under Wallenstetn and the Evangelical 
under Gostavns Adolpbus stood over against each other 
at Liltzen ready to strike. As the morning dawned 
Gn&tavus Adolphus summoned his Court preacher 
Fabricius, and commanded him, as also the anuy chap- 
lains of all the other regimeots, to hold a service of 
prayer. Daring this service the whole host sung tbe 
pious kiug's battle hymn— . 

" Venage nlcbt, du Ilauffclu kleln," 



ALTUS PROSATOB 

Ho himself m on bis knees and pmyed fervently. 
Ideantime a thick mist hod descended, which hlii the 
fetal field so that nothing could be distinguished. When 
the bast bud now been set in wattle array he gave them 
u watchword for the fight tbe saying, " God with us," 
mounted his borae, drew bis sword, And rode along tbe 
Hoes of the army to encourage the soldiers lor tbe 
battle. First, however, he commanded tbe tunes £in 
fate Surg end Si weUt una (Mt gentttUg «eftt to be 
played by the kettledrums and trumpeta, and tbe 
soldiers joined as with one voice. The nttet now began 
to disappear, and tbe ann shone through. Then, after a 
abort prayer, be cried out ; ** Now will we est to, please 
God," and Immediately alter, very loud, "Jem, Jesu, 
Jean, help me to-day to fight for the honour of Thy 
Holy Name." Then he attacked the enemy at full 
speed, defended only by a leathern gorget. "God is my 
harness,'* he had saM to tbe servant who wished to put 
on bis armour. The conflict was hot and bloody. 
About 11 o'clock* in the forenoon tbe fatal bullet struck 
him, and he sank, dying, from his hoiee, with the 
worie, "My Qod, my Godl" Till twilight came on 
the fight raged, and was doubtful. But at length tbe 
Evangelical host obtained the victory, as it had pro- 
poetically sung at dawn." 

This hymn has ever been a favourite in Ger- 
many, was sang in the house of P. J. Spener 
every Sunday afternoon, and of late years has 
been greatly used at meetings of the Gustavus 
Adolphus Union — «n association for the help of 
Protestant Churches in Bomuu Catholic coun- 
tries. In translations it has passed into many 
English nnd American collections. 

Translations in C. U. ■— 

1, Pear not, little fleet, flu foe. A good tr. 
from the text of 1638, omitting st. ir., by Miss 
Winkworth, in her Lyra Ser^ 1855, p. 17. In- 
cluded, in England In Kennedy, 1863, Snepp's S. of 
O. and 0., 1871, Irse Church H. Bh^ 1882, and 
others ; and in America in the Sabbath H. Bk., 
1858, Pennsylvania Xutft. Ch. Bh, 1868, Bys. 
of the Church, 1889, Bapt. H. Bk., 1871, H. and 
Bongs of Praise, 1874, and many others. 

8. Be net diamay'd, thou little (look. A good tr. 
of st. i.-iii. of the 1638 text in Mrs. Charles's V. 
of Christian Life in Song, 1858, p. 248. She ir. 
from the SweJish, which, in the Swensia Psalm- 
ftoten, Carlstodt, N.t>. (1866), is given n.i Ko. 378, 
"Fiirfaras ej, du Jill a hopl" and marked Gus- 
taf II. Adolf, Her version is No. 204 in Wil- 
son's Service of Praise, 1865. 

3. Thou little fiook, be not afraid. A tr. of st. 
i.-iii. from the 1638 teit, by M. Loy, iu the 
Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1880, No. 197. 

Other trs. are all from the text of 1638. 

(1J "Be not dlshearten'd. tittle flock," by Dr. H.Mills, 
1866, p. m. (2.) " Despond not, tittle band, although," 
by Dr. S. Walker, 1SS0, p. +1. (3.) " Be not dieraay'd, 
thou little flock, Nor," by E. Massle, 1BSS, p. 1*3. (4.) 
" little flock, be not afraid," in J. D. Bums's Aftmmr 
ami Eemaim, 1869. p. 289. [J. M.] 

AltusProsator, Vetustus. St.Columba. 
This very curious hyum was first mode known 
to modern scholars by the lato Dr. J. II. Todd, 
iu Fasc it. p. 205 of the Liber Hymnorum 
edited by him in 1869 for the Irish Archaw- 
logical nnd Celtic Society, where it is given 
with n prose translation by the editor. A 
rhymed version of this by Dr. Vf. Macllwahie 
is given in his Lyra Hibernica Sacra, Belfast, 
1878, commencing, "The Father exalted, 
ancient of days, inybejKttteu,'' and the Latin 
text is reprinted in the Appx. thereto. In 
1882 the Marquess of Bate issued a prose 



AMAZING LOVE 



55 



version, together with the original text and 
valuable notes thereon as The Altut of 8. 
Cotemba, edited with Prose Paraphrase aud 
Notes by John, Marquess of Bute, Edinli, 
Blackwood, 1882, [\Y. T. B.] 

Alway in the I*>rd rejoice. J. S. B. 

MonseU. [Joy in the Lord.'] Written in Italy 
and 1st pub. in his Spiritual Songs, 1857 
and 1875, in 8 st. of 4 1. It is based on the 
Epistle for the 4th 8. in Advent. It has not 
come into C. U. in Gt, Brit, In the Araer. 
College Hyl, N. Y„ 1876, No. 314, st. i,-iv. 
and vii. are given with slight alteration. 

Am Crrabe stehn wir stille. C. J. P. 
Spftte. _ [Burial of the Bead.] 1st pub. iu 
Series i. of his Psalter and Sarfe, Leipzig, 
1833, p. 140 (ed. 1838, p. 155), in 6 st. of 4 1„ 
entitled "At the Grave," Taken by his 
colleague. Taster Borchers, as the text of 
his oration at Spitta's funeral, Sunday, Oct, 1, 
1859 (Munkel's Spttta, 1861, pp. 283-284). 
Included as No. 2918 in Kuapp's Ev. L. S. 
ed. 1850. 

Translation in C. U. :— 

The preswna teed of weeping- . An excellent tr., 
as No. 98, by Miss Winkworth in her C. B. fur 
England, 1863. Thence, unaltered, asHo,23(J iu 
Alton's 8«pp. Hymns, 1868, as No. 554 in the 
Pennsylvania Luth. Ch.3k, 18S8, and as No, 1010 
in the American Meth. Episco. Hymnal, 1878. 

Other tr*. are : — 

fl.) " Now weeping at tbe grave we stand," by Jftn 
WtnlMortk, 18S8, p. us. (2.) "Beside tbe dark gravo 
standing, 1 ' by R. Mattie, i960, p. 138. [J, jjj 

Am I a soldier of the Cross? I. 
Watts. [Holy Fortitude.] Appended to lite 
Sermon*, pub. in 1721-24, in 3 vols,, vol. iii, 
and intended to accompany a sermon on 1 Cor. 
xvi. 13. It is in 6 st. of i 1„ nnd entitled 
" Huly Fortitude." In Spurgeou's O. O. H. BJi., 
No, 671, st. v. and vi. are omitted, but the 
rest are unaltered. Oi% full text in all 
editions of Watts's Works. In iho iVew Cong., 
No. 623, it is given in an abbreviated and 
slightly alteied form as — " jire tre Bw 
soldiers of the Cross ? " This is nlso fouinl in 
Snepp's Songs of G. & G., 1872, and other 
collections. It dates as early ng the Leeds 
H. Bk., 1853. The American use of lhis 
hyinn is oxtensive. 

Am I poox 1 , do men despise meP 

[Contentment] An anonymous hymn from 
the Amerioun 8. S. Union Collection, given 
in the Meth. F. C. B. S. II. Bk., No. 2G8. 

Amazing grace, how sweet the 
sound, J. Newton. [Grace.] No. 41, Bk, i. 
of tho Olney Hymns, 1770, in G.st. of 4 ]., 
entitled "Faith's Kuvhw nnd Expectation," 
nnd based upon i. Ghron, xviii. 16, 17. Iu G. 
Brit, it is unknown to modem collections, but 
in America its use is extensive. It is fur 
from being a good example of Newton 'n work. 

Amazing love ! transcendent grace. 
Joseph Irons. [Predestination.] let pub. 
in his Zton'a Songs, dee., 3rd ed. 1825, No. 140, 
and thence into Snepp's S. of G. & G., 1872, 
No. 678, unaltered. 



56 



AMBROSICS 



Ambrosiua (Bt. Ambrose), second son , 
and third cliild of Ambrosius, Prefect of the 
Gauls, was b. at Lyons, Aries, or Treves — 
probably the last — in 310 a.d. Oil the death, 
of his father in 353 his mother removed to 
Home with ber three children. Ambrose went 
through the usual course of education, attain- 
ing considerable proficiency in Greek; and 
then entered the profession which his elder 
brother Satyrus had chosen, that of the law. 
In tliis be so distinguished himself that, after 
practising in the court of Probus, the Praeto- 
rian Prefect of Italy, he was, in 371, appointed 
Consular of Ligaria and Aemitia. This office 
necessitated h is residence in Milan. Not many 
months after, Auxentius, bishop of Milan, who 
had joined the Arian party, died ; and much 
was felt to depend upon the person appointed 
as his successor. The church in which the 
election was held was so filled with excited 
people that the Consular found it necessary to 
take steps fur preserving the peace, and him- 
self exhorted them to peace and order : when 
a voice suddenly exclaimed, "Ambrose iB 
Bishop," and the cry wns taken up on all 
sides. He was compelled to accept the post, 
though still only a catechumen ; was forthwith 
baptized, and in a week more consecrated 
Bishop, Dec 7, 374. The death of the Em- 
peror Valentinian I., in 375, brought him into 
collision with Justina, Valeutinian's second 
wife, an adherent of the Arian party: Ambrose 
was supported by Gratian, the elder son of 
Valentinian, nnd byTheodoaius, whom Gratian 
in 379 associated with himself in the empire. 
Gratian was assassinated in 383 by a partisan 
of Maximus, and Ambrose was sent to treat 
with the usurper, a piece of diplomacy in 
which he was fairly successful. He found 
himself, however, left to carry on the contest 
with the Arians and the Empress almost 
alone. He and the faithful gallantly defended 
the churches which the heretics attempted to 
seize. Justina was foiled : and the advance of 
Maximus on Milan led to her flight, and even- 
tually to her death in 388. R wis in this 
year, or more probably the yeajr before (387), 
that Ambrose received into the Church by 
baptism his great scholar AuguBtine, once a 
Manichoeau heretic. Thcodosius was now 
virtually head of the Roman empire, his col- 
league Valentinian II., Justina'a son, being a 
youth Jjf only 17. In the early part of 390 
the news of a riot at Thesaalonica, brought to 
him at Milan, caused him to give a hasty 
order for a general massacre at that city, and 
hiscommandwasbuttoofaithfullyoboyed. On 
his presenting himself a few days after at the 
door of the principal church in Milan, be was 
met by Ambrose, who refused him entrance 
till be should have done penaooe for his crime. 
It was not till Christmas, eight months after, 
that the Emperor deolared his penitence, and 
was received into communion again by the 
Bishop. Valentinian was murdered by Arbo- 
gastes, a Frank general, in 392 ; and the mur- 
derer and his puppet emperor Eugenins were 
defeated by TheodosiuB in 394. But the 
fatigues of tbe campaign told on the Emperor, 
and he died the following year. Ambrose 
preached his funeral sermon, as he had done 
that of Valentiniftn. Tbe loss of these two 



AMBBOSIUS 

friends and supporters was a severe blow to 
Ambrose ; two unquiet years passed, and tlien, 
worn with labours and anxieties, he himself 
rested from his labours on Easter Eve, 307. 
It wss the 4th of April, and on that day the 
great Bishop of Milan is remembered by tbe 
Western Church, but Rome commemorates his 
consecration only, Dec 7th. Great he was 
indeed, as a scholar, an organiser, a statesman ; 
still greater as a theologian, the earnest and 
brilliant defender of the Catholic faith against 
the Arians of the West, just as Athanasius 
(wliose name, one cannot but remark, is the 
same as his in meaning) was its champion 
against those of the East We ore now 
mainly concerned with him as musician and 
poet, "the father of Church song" as he is 
called by Grimm. He introduced from the 
East the practioe of antiphonal chanting, and 
began the task, which Bt. Gregory completed, 
of systematizing tbe music of the Church. 
As a writer of sacred poetry be is remarkable 
for depth and severity. He does not warm 
with his subject, like Adam of St Victor, or 
St. Bernard. "We feel," says Abp. Trench, 
" as though there were a certain coldness in 
his hymns, an aloofneu of the author from his 
subject." 

A large number of hymns has been attri- 
buted to his pen ; Daniel gives no fewer than 
92 called Ambrosian, Of these the great 
majority (including one on himself) cannot 
possibly be bis; there is more or less doubt 
about the rest. Tbe authorities on the sub- 
ject are the Benedictine ed. of his works, tbe 
PtaUerium, at Hymnary, of Cardinal Thoma- 
sius, and the Thetaurue Hymndlogiau at 
Daniel. The Benedictine editors give 12 
hymns as assignable to him, as follows: — 

1. Aetenu Christl munen. 
a. Aetwne return ComUttx. 

3. Ooaeon Ptternt lumlnSi. 

4. Deufl Creator omnium. 
E. Fit porta Chrfstl pervla. 

6. lUumioanB AUtasumiH. 

7. Jam ■urgtt bor& tertla, 
s. Lux BeMA Trinitas. 
0. Gnbo mente Domltium, 

10. Somno rofectiu artutauL 
n. Splendor Pgtwoae gloriae. 
12. Veal Kedeinptor gentium. 

Histories of these hymns, together with 
details of trt. into English, are given in this 
work, and may bo found under their respective 
first lines. The Bollandists and Daniel are 
inclined to attribute to St. Ambrose a hymn, 
Orates ttbi Jet* novas, on the finding of the 
relics of SB. Gervasius and Protaaius. These, 
we know, were discovered by him in 386, and 
it is by no means unlikely that the bishop 
should have commemorated in verse an event 
which ho announces by letter to his sister 
Marcellina with bo much satisfaction, not to 
say exultation. 

A beautiful tradition makes the Te Dtmim 
Javdamat to have been composed under inspira- 
tion, and recited alternately, by BS. Amoroso 
and Augustine immediately after tbe baptism 
of the bitter in 387. But the story rests upon 
a passage which there is every reason to con- 
sider spurious, in the Chronicon of Daoius, 
Bp. of Milan in 550. There is nahint of such 
an occurrence in the Gonfetsir J.Bt. Augus- 
tine, nor in Paulinus'g life of £c Ambrose, 



AMEN TO ALL 

nor in any authentic writing of St. Ambrose 
himself. The hymn is essentially a compilation, 
and there is much reason to believe, with 
Herat!, that it originated in the 5th cent, in 
the monastery of St, Honoratus at Lerina. 
[Ts Omm.] [8. T.] 

Amen to all that God hath. said. 

C. Wesley. [Divine Holiness, and Human 
Depravity.'] Appeared in Hymn* and Sacred 
Poems, 1712, in 36 st. of i L, in three parts, 
and entitled " Unto tho Angel of the Church 
Of the Laodiceans." In 1780, J. Wesley com- 
piled the following centos therefrom for the 



AMERICAN HYMNODY 



57 



1, (hi «f nupottsd parity. Composed of «t. 
lii., iv., v., vi., viii.-xi. of Part i, 

l> OUnw mm works brisk*. Composed 
of at. iii. t viti., ii., i., of Part ii. 

3. Baiitor of »U, to Thw w* tow. Composed 
of »t. i.-vi. of fart iii. 

All these centos liave passed into numerous 
hymnals in G. Brit, and America. Orig. text 
in P. Works, 1868-72, vol. iL p. 358. 

American Hymuody. Psalmody rather 
than Hymnody was the usage of America prior 
to 1800. The famous Bay Psalm Book, or 
New England Version of 1640, published 
at Cambridge), New England, by Stephen 
Day, was the first volume printed in these 
Colonies; and from its rarity the few ex- 
tant copies of tho first edition are very highly 
valued, Isaiah Thomas, tho founder of the 
American Antiquarian Society, supposed that 
" not less than seventy editions were printed 
in Boston, London, and Edinburgh. The 
revision of that version by Thomas Prince in 
1757 met with less favour (and is scarcer) 
than the original, which about that time 
began to be superseded by the Vernon of 
Tate <fc Brady. Of Tate £ Brady 1 ! Version 
many editions, with Supplement qf Hymns, 
mostly by Watts, were printed at Boston be- 
tween 1760 and 1800. Towards tho end of 
the century numerous editions of Watts's 
Psalms and Hymns appeared, chiefiy in New 
England, and continued to appear after the 
publication of the amended versions of Watts's 
Psalm*, by Joel Barlow, in 1785, and Timothy 
Dwigkt, in 1800. Hymn-compiling began 
after the Bevolutiou, and its course can best 
be followed under the headings of the several 
religious bodies. 

L Protestant Episcopal Church. — The 
Episcopal Church issued, in 1789, the Ver- 
sion of Tate & Brady with twenty-seven 
hymns, to whioh thirty more were added in 
1808. These were superseded by an abridged 
version of the Psalms, mostly from Tale <fc 
Brady, in 1833, and a Collection of Hymns, 
numbering 212, published previously in 1827. 
The latter, entitled H. of the Prot. Epitc. Ch. 
set forth in General Convention in the years 
1789, 1808, and 1826, and commonly known 
as the Prayer-Book Collection, except for its 
originals, hardly deserved the repute it long 
enjoyed. It continued to be used exclusively 
in the Sunday services for 85 years, and was 
bound up with the Prayer Book till 1871. 



After 18ol, in some dioceses Hymns Ancient 
and Modern, or ono or two Selections from it 
or other sources, were allowed. In 1866; 
sixty-six Additional Hymns were put forth ; 
and in 1871 the present Hymnal This, al- 
though a great advance upon the Prayer Bit. 
Collection of 1826, does not compare favour- 
ably with the leading Anglican books of 
to-day. It wes slightly revised, and not 
materially improved, in 1874. The vuluntory 
system of the English ChuTch with regard 
to Hymnody hns unfortunately not been 
permitted to her American daughter, who is 
in consequence for behind in hymnic know- 
ledge, activity, and taste. Of private collec- 
tions which might be used at week-night 
services, 4c, we may mention Dr. C. W. 
Andrews's Church Hymns, of 1844 and 1857, 
and Hymns for Cfcurek and Home, 1859-60. 
The latter did much in preparing the way 
fur the Hymnal of 1871-4, 

II, Presbyterians. — This body, in common 
with the Congregationalists, for a long time 
used Watts chiefly. Their first official Psalm 
and Hymns appeared in 1828-29, and amended 
editions of it in 18S0-1834, and in 1843. The 
Church Psalmist of 1843, with tho Supple- 
ment of 1847, was long the chief manual of 
the New School body. Among prominent 
extant collections, the Presbyterian Hymnal, 
of 1874, is to be distinguished from the 
inferior Hymnal of the Presbyterian Church 
of 1867. Of books not put forth by autho- 
rity, nor strictly denominational, and which 
have been used by Congregationalists and 
others as well as by Presbyterians, Leavitf s 
Christian Lyre of 1830-1 contained origi- 
nals, and is of historic importance. The 
same is true of Thomas Hastings's Spiritual 
Songs, 1831, 2, 3, in which the hymns of the 
three leading American writers — Hastings, 
Bay Palmer, and S. P. Smith — first ap- 
peared. Dr. C. 8. Bobinson's Songs for the 
Sanctuary, 1805, and his Spiritual Songs, 
1878, aim rather at popular usefulness than 
literary ocourooy, and nave won great suc- 
cess. On the other hand, The Sacrifice of 
Praise, 1869, was carefully edited with notes. 
The late Dr. E. F. Hatfield, one of the leading 
hymnological scholars of America, produced in 
The Church Hymn Book, 1872, a work exception- 
ally trustworthy for texts, dates, and ascriptions 
of authorship. No less valuable in these re- 
spects is Hymns <fc Songs of Praise, published 
in 1874 by Drs. Hitchcock, Eddy, and Schnff ; 
these three eminent compilers having ex- 
pended on it much care, skill, and taste. 
These two boohs, though not so widely circu- 
lated as some others, are essential to every 
hymnic library. 

III. Congregationalists. — The first Congre- 
gational compilation which shewed thought 
and research was the Hartford Selection 
of 1799 — by Nathan Strong and others — a 
work of unusual merit for its day. It con- 
tained many originals, as did also Nettle- 
ton's Village Hymns, 1824, which was long 
and widely used, and exerted an influence 
oT considerable importance. Its Missionary 
Hymns, then a new feature, were numerous, 
and drawn largely from Hymns for the Monthly 
Concert, Andover, 1823, an important but 



58 



AMERICAN HYSINODY 



almost unknown tract by L. Bacon (q. v.). 
Worcester's {fluffs'*, and Select Hymns, 1823, 
long held a prominent place. So did Mason 
andGreone's Church Psalmody, 1831. Bacon's 
Supplement to Dwtght, 1883, kept Dwight's 
Watts in use till the Connecticut Congrega- 
tion al Psalm* and Hymns appeared in 1845. 
Abner Jones compiled Melodies of the Church 
in 1832, and his son Darius E. Junes, Temple 
Melodies, in 1851, and Soag$ of tf«s New Mfe, 
I8t)9. Mr. H. W. Becehei's FlymouQi Collec- 
tion, 1855, represented the original mind of 
its editor, and lias many points of interest. 
The Sablath Hymn Book, 1858, prepared by 
Professors Park and Phelps of Andover, 
though careless in authorship and texts, was 
the most attractive and valuable of American 
hymnals to its date. Elins Nason's Congrega- 
tional Hymn Booh, 1857, and sundry others of 
lesser note, appeared in Boston. The year 
1880 morks the reaction from the excessive 
bulk of 1200 to 1500 hymns to about 600 in 
the Oberlin (Ohio) Manual of Praise, Mr. C. 
If. Richards s Songs of Christian Praise, and 
Hall and Lasar's Evangelical Hymnal, The 
List named shows a new departure no less in 
its large use of recent material and following 
of English models, than in the admirable 
carefulness of its editing, and in a biogra- 
phical index, covering thirty-three doublo 
columns, of authors, translators, and com- 
posers. The index is based upon that com- 
piled by Major Crawford and the Rev. J. A. 
Eberlo for the Irish Ch. Hymnal, 1878. 

IV. Baptists. — The Baptists soon abandoned 
the exclusive use of Psalms, end com- 
menced the compilation of independent 
collections of hymns. A Philadelphia Col- 
lection of theirs, published in 1790, cites one 
of Newport, Rhode Island, still earlier. Of 
Joshua Smith's Bhine Hymns, a ninth edition 
bears date 1799. In New York, too, John 
Stanford issued a collection of 200, chiefly 
horn Itippon, in 1792, and gave authors' names. 
The Boston Collection, 1808, Parkinson's, 
JSO.1-17, and Madity's, 1S1">, wero of note, 
and Winelicll's Arrangement of Watts, tvith 
Sujitilement, 1817-32, had a "roat sale. Tim 
Psalmist by Baron Stow and S. P. Smith, 
published in 1813, was an exemplary work, 
and met with general acceptance throughout 
the mirth, as did Manly's BaptUl Psalmody, 
1850, in the south. T7«s Baptist Barp, 1819, 
and Devotional Hymnal of 1864, are of some 
importance. A great many 32mos. and 48mos. 
of rcvivalistic character — the Virginia Selec- 
tion, Dover Selection, Mercer's Chester, &c. — 
have been in use. Of more sober type isLins- 
lcy and Davis's Select Hymns, I83G. The 
leading books to-day arc the Baptist Hymn 
Booh, Praise Boole, and tho Sm~cicn of Song, 
all of 1871. In. addition. ti» purely Baptist col- 
lections, editions of tho ehicf Congregational 
Collections for tho use of Baptists havo had 
art extensive sale. These include the Church 
Psalmody of Mason and Greene, the PI ymotiih 
Collection of H. W. Betelier, and The Sabbath 
Hymn Book of Park and Phelps. Collections 
by Fbbe Will Baptists appeared in 1832 and 
1858, and by The Oid School, or Primitive 
Baptists in 18S6 and 1858. The older of the 
two Baptist sects calling themselves Chbis- 



AMERICAN HYMNODY 

tiaks, made a large beginning in. 1805 with 
the collection of Elias Smith and Abner 
Jones. Of their later collections tho most 
noteworthy is the Christian Hymn Boole, Bos- 
ton, 1863, The other body of this name has 
its strength in the South and West. It has 
used a book compiled by its founder, Alex- 
ander Campbell, and another published at 
Dayton, Ohio. 

V. Methodists.— American Methodists used 
at first a Fochet Hymn Booh (a reprint of 
that by Spence which was attacked by J. 
Wesley), the 10th ed. of which appeared in 
1790, and the 27th in 1802. In 1802 it was 
revised by Coke and Asbury. The latter 
issued a Supplement to it in 1810. In 183G au 
official book, excluding all others for Sunday 
services, was issued, and another in 1819. 
These were displaced by the Methodist 
Hymnal, 1878. The Soufliern Methodist Epi- 
scopal Hymns of 1817 took less liberties with 
the tests, and adhered more closely to John 
Wesley's great collection thati its Northern 
successor. The Methodist Puotestaxt body 
has had 'three hymn-books, published respec- 
tively in 1837, 1859, and 1871. The Wes- 
LEYAtf Methowsts and the Albican Metho- 
dists also use compilations of their own. 
Many books, Methodist in character if not in 
nnme, and adapted to camp-meetings and the 
like, come out about the beginning of tho cen- 
tury and later, containing effusions, not a few 
of which had certain rude and fervid elements 
of poetic merit Eminent among these was a 
Baltimore Collection of about 1800, several pieces 
from which are still in use. This type is now 
represented by the numerous Gospel Songs, 
Ac, of America, and Sacred Songs and Solos 
(Sankey) in England, which are indeed 
spiritual songs, rather than hymns; having 
immense temporary popularity and influence, 
but are rather Jonah's gourds than plants of 
permanent standing in the soug-gnrden. Tho 
splendid provision, both in quantity mid 
quality, made by Cliarles Wesley, seeing, hcio 
as in England, to have deterred those who 
followod his views and methods from attempt- 
ing to produce serious hymns offer his {Kit turn 
in any considerable inoosui a. 

VI. Universalists. — The Univeisalists have 
been very active, and their activity, began 
very early. In 1792 they issued two col- 
lections, that of Richards (q. v.) and Lane, 
in Boston, and one in Philadelphia. In 
1808 appeared 415 Jf/mnns composed In 
different auViors (Hosea Ballon, Abner Knee- 
land, and four others) n( tlie request of the 
General Convention of Universalists, an infe- 
rior work, as works produced under such cir- 
cumstances usually are. Among later books 
are those of Ballou and Turner, 1821; S. and 
R, Streeter, 1829 ; Hosea Ballon, second collec- 
tion, 1837; Adams & Chapiu's Hymns for 
Christian Devotion, 1846 ; J. G. Adams, 1861 ; 
and Prayers and Hymns, 1868. All these 
contain originals. 

VII. Unitarians. — The Unitarians have 
been still more prolific in compiling, and in com- 
posing nearly as much so, but not in the same 
perfunctory way, and with far grcotor success. 
Possessing a largo share of the best blood 
and brain in the most cultivated section of 



AMERICAN HYMNODY 

America, they exhibit a long array of respect- 
able hymuists whose effusions have often won 
the acceptance of other bodies, and must be 
largely represented in these pages. Special 
service has been done at home by Dr. A. P. 
Putnam, of Brooklyn, whose admirable Singers 
and Stmg» of ike Liberal Faith (1875), though 
a largo volume, docs not exhaust the subject, 
but Uto.be supplemented by another, Amongst 
their most notable collections, usually from 
Boston, are Betknap't, 1705 ; BeaaWt (New 
York), 1820; Greenwood's, 1830-35; tliat of the 
Cheshire Association (Connt.), 1844 ; Dr. J. F. 
Clarke's, 1844^5S ; Dn. Hedge <fc Huntington's, 
1853 ; S. Longfellow and S. Johnson's Book of 
Hymns, 1846-48, and Hymns of the Spirit, 
I8G4; and the Unitarian Hymn Book, 1809. 
The lost ia the most widely used, but is by no 
means the one of mast marked character,, care- 
ful editing, or general literary merit. 

Till. Soman Catholie.—The Botnnn Catho- 
lic Churoh in the United States has done 
nothing worthy of mention, unless the Tepriut, 
with additions, of E. Caswall's Lyra CaOioliea 
of 1849 be regarded as a selection for con- 
gregational purposes. 

IX. Lutherans. — Such Lutherans as in the 
latter part of the 18th cent, need the English 
tongue wero supplied by tho pious efforts of 
Dr. Kunze, 17'J5, of Strobeck, 1797, and of 
Villiston, 1800; and later by the various 
collections of tho Tennessee, Ohio, and 
General Synods ; by those of the New York 
Mitiisterium, 1814-34; and by the Minis- 
teiium of Pennsylvania, 18G5. The latter, 
prepared willi unusual care, was revised in 
1803 ns the Giurck Book of tho General 
Council. 

X. Reformed Duhh.— Tho Befonncd Dutch, 
now tho " Reformed " body, had their own 
version of tho Psalms as early as 17G7, and 
issued successive collections of Psalms and 
Hymns, in 1780, 1814, 1831, ami 1850. These 
wero superseded nnd greatly improved upon 
by their Hymns of the Church, I860. 

XI. Gertnan Reformed. — This body, which 
in caramon with tho Refrained Dutch lias of 
late dropped from its title all that indicated 
its distinctive origin, has produced or included 
one or two hymnists, but uo collection of note. 

XII. Tho productions of several small deno- 
minations — Adventitts, United Brefhren t Ac- 
offer no special claim to notice beyond the fact 
ttiat the collections of the Moravians arc mainly 
based upou those of England, and that those 
of Morraandotn might fill a chapter ns literary 
curiosities, but cannot be considered here. 

XIII. Comparatively few American hymn- 
ists have collected their verses in book form. 
Thus, in many cases, the only way, and that 
an insecure one, of indicating the original text 
of any hymn is by referring to the place of 
first publication so far as known. The num- 
ber of such authors of hymns, and it may be 
added of compilations, is far greater than 
would be supposed by those who hare not 
carefully studied the subject, and hitherto 
It has been inadequately treated. C. D. 
Cleveland's Lyra Sucra Americana, 18CS, by 
no means covers the ground. This is the more 
to bo regretted, as that work has becomo tho 



AMERICAN HYMNODY 



59 



text book for the higher American hymnody 
of tho hymnal compilers of Great Britain. 
Mr. Rider's Lyra Americana is but a meagre 
and random selection. In the present work it 
is designed to mention, though with inevitable 
baldness and brevity, all writers and hymns 
that have made any extended and lasting 
mark, including some lyrics, out of a number 
unduly largo, that unfortunately arc anony- 
mous. Tho books'cliiefly, though by no 
means exclusively, taken as a basis far this 
survey, are the following ; together with the 
total number of hymns in each, and the num- 
ber embraced in each total of hymns of a 
purely American origin, tho ptrcenlago being 
about one in seven. 



Hymnals. 


Total 
Hymns. 


Ameri- 
can 
Ilymus. 


Prayer Book Coll., 1S3S . 
Jtplswpsl Hymnal, 18)1 . 
HeUinilst Episcopal H, 1S40 , 
HethotHst Hymnal, 1878 
Baptist Psalmist, IS43 . , 
Baptist Hymn lit., 1B71 , 
Baptist Praise Bk., ISJI. 
Baptist Service of Song, IBM . 
Plymouth Collection, 18SU 
Sabbath Hymn Bk., ISM 
Rourason'a & for Sanctuary, 1366 . 
Hatfield's Ch. Hymn Bk,, 1872 
Hltchoocfc'a Collection, 137* . 
Presbyterian Hymiiol, 1374 , 
Beformed Hys. or the Ch., 1809 
Obwiin Manual, 18S0 
C II. EWianib's Cull., ISfsO . 
Evang. Hymnal, 1SS0 ♦ . 


213 
120 

ins 

J117 
11SS 
1000 
1311 
1129 
1374 
12DP 
1344 
14S4 
141S 

»ra 
1H07 

BBS 
SOS 
(13 


21 
40 
60 
140 
ITS 
102 
200 
ISO 
200 
ISO 
245 
ISO 
100 
108 

ite 

110 
HO 
2S 



XIV, The English use of American hymns 
lias been, until recent years, very limited, and 
mainly confined to the older collections of the 
English Nonconformists, and the Unitarian 
Hymnals. In the two hundred and fifty hymns 
of the higher order of merit in American 
hymnody, which are now in common use in 
Great Britain, are found choice selections from 
nil the leading denominations in the States, and 
ranging from the earliest productions of Presi- 
dent Bavies to the latest of Dr. Bay Palmer 
and Bishop Coxe. The marked success which 
has attended tho few translations from the 
Latin and German that have been embodkd 
in English Hymnals attests their merit, and 
indicate* a wealth of ltymnic power in our 
midst which should be more fully developed 
and utilised. In Great Britain the noblest 
forms of American Hymnody arc known to 
tho few ; whilst the Gospel Songs of our re- 
vivalistic schools arc tho mainstay of similar 
eflbrts in the niothrr country. Our review 
is materially increased by this extensive use 
of the more ephemeral form of our hymnody ; 
success compelling attention where literary 
merit has failed to do so. 

XV. Tho alphabetical arrangement required 
by a Dictionary precludes that grouping of 
the American work which would best set forth 
its nature and extent. In this Dictionary tho 
hymns are annotated under their rospoctivo 
author's names. To assist, however, in ascer- 
taining the full extent of American Hymnody, 
the subjoined synopsis, arranged in Denomi- 
nation!) 1 and Chronological order, has been 
compiled : — 



60 



AMEBICAN HYMNODY 



AMERICAN HYMNODY 



Synopsis of Amemcait Himnodt. 

t. Pratestaat Episcopal fjhursh. 

Alexander Ylets Griawold, D.D. . 1766-1813 

Francis Scott Xey . • . 177B-L943 

JobuDeWolf .... 1789-1803 

HenryrjstleOnderflonlE.D.l). . 17S9-1B8B 

Sarah J. Hale .... 119S-I819 

IVm, Augustus Muhlenberg, D.D. 1196-1870 

James Wallis Eaetburn . . 1797-1819 

George Washington Doane, D.l). . 1199-1869 

William Croswell, D.D. . . 1B04-1B61 

William B. Whltttngham, CD. . 1B05-1B19 

Roswell Park, D.D. . . ■ 1807-1889 

George Bnrgess, D.D. . . . 1809-1866 

Charles Wllllnm Everest, II. A. . 1811-1877 

Harriett E. B. Stowe . . • 1812 

Christopher Christian Cox, M.n. . 1816-1882 

John Williams, D.D. . . . 1811 

Arthur Cleveland Coxe, D.D. ♦ 1818 

Edward A. Washburn. D.D. . 1819-1881 

Frederick D. Uunlington, D.D. . IBIS 

KUia Scndder .... 1811 



Presbyterians, 

Samson Occom . 
Samuel Davli-s 
Thomas Hastings, Mus, Doc 
Joslab Hopkins, D.D. . 
Heiiry Mills, D.D. 
Nathan 8. S. Beman, D.D. 
Dartd Nelson, M.D. 
Jane L. Gray 
James W. Alessnder, D.D. 
Biwin F. Hatfield, D.D. 
Joseph A. Alexander, D.D. 
Alfred A. WoodhulL D.D. 
DeoosLus Dutton, Jun. 
Thomas Mackcllar 
George Duflield, Jan., D.D. 
Elisabeth Lee Smith . 
Elisabeth Prentiss 
Kohert Morris, LL.D. . 
Philip Schaff, D.D. 
Ansou D. F. Randolph . 
Aaron Robarla Wolfe . 
Charles B. Bobluson. D.D. 
Hervey Doddridge Ganse 
Catherine H. Johnson. 

1. Oontregathmaliata. 

Hatha Hyles,D.D. 
Nathan Strong. D.D. . 
Timothy Dwlgbt, D.D. , 
Joel Burlow . 
Phcebe Hinsdsle Brown. 
Asahel Nettleton, D.D. 
William Allen, DJJ. . 
Charles Jenkins , 
Thomas H. Gallandet, LL.D. 
Krnma C. Williams 
Leonard Withtngton, D.i). 
EleasarT. Filch, D.D. . 
Augustus L. Hillhuuse 
William Slitchell. 
William B. Tappan . 
John G. C. Braliterd . 
Joseph Steward . . 
Abby Bradley Hyde 
Thomas C. Upbani, D.D. 
Jnred B. Walerbury, D.D. 
William Cutter . 
Leonard Bacon, D,J>. . 
Nehemlah Adams. 
George Barrell CheeYer, D.D, 
Ray Palmer, D.D. 
D.LUlel C. Coles worthy . 
Russell SturglaCuok . ( 
Ellas Nason , 
George N. Allen . 
Samuel Wolcott, D.D. . 
Charles Beecher . , 
Zacbary Eddy, D.D. ' . 
Mary lorrey 
James Henry Bancroft , 
Leonard flwain, D.D. 
Henry Martyn Dexter. D.D. 
Jeremiah rl. rUnkin,D.D, 
Horatio 11. Palmer, Mus. Doc, 



. 1713-1)91 

. 1123-1761 

, 1184-1813 

. 1788-1802 

. 1186-1887 

. 1796-1871 

. 1 103-1841 

. 17*6-1871 

. 1804-1859 

, 1807-1883 

, 1809-1 8M 

. 1810-1 BSS 
cir. 1810-1832 

. 1813 

. 1810 

, 1S1T 

, 1818-1878 

. IBIS 

. IBM 

. 1830 

. 1911 

. 1829 

, 1811 



. 1186-1188 

. 1718-181* 

. 1761-1817 

, 1754-1811 

. 1783-1801 

, 1183-1813 

, 1781-1 8«8 

, 1798 

, 17B1-1B61 

. 1 787-1 870 

, 1789 

. 1791-1 B71 

. 1792-1860 

, 1793-1867 

. 1781-1918 

. 1796-1838. 
dr. 1790 

. 1719-1371 

. 1 799-1 9 72 

. 1799-1 870 

. 1801-1891 

. 1902-1941 

, 1900 

. IBM 

. 1808 

. 1810 

. lau-iesi 

, 1911 

. 1912-lHll 

. 1913-1880 

. 1916 

. 18IS 

. 1917-1B69 

. 1819-1944 

. 1821-1860 

. 1821 

, 1818 

. 1834 



Philip Bliss . 
Caroline L. Smith . 
Thomaa Baldwin, D.D. 
John Leland , 

Oliver Holden 
Robert T. Daniel . 
Adonlram Judson, DJ> 
Lydia, Slgoumey . 
Benjamin Cleveland 
Joseph Belcher, D.D. 
Nathaniel Colver, D.D. 
Jamea Davis Knowlss 
Sarah B. Judsnn . 
John Newton Brown, D J>. 
George Barton Joe, DJ> 
Samuel F. Smith. D.D. 
Lydia Baxter 
Robert Tumbull, D.D, 
Henry S. Washburn 
Bewell S. Cutting, D.D. 
Sidney Dyer 
Jacob B. Scott . 
Edmund Tumey, D.D. 
SylvanuB D. Phelps, D.D. 
James N. Wlnchell 
Maria P. Anderson 
Basil Manly, Jun„ DJ>. 
William McDonald 
Edwin T. Winkler, D.D. 
Robert Lowiy, D.D 
Enoch W. Freeman 
Christopher B. Blackall, U.D. 
W. H. Drtone 
Joseph Henry Gllmore 
Stephen P. Hill . 
Gnrdon Robins 
II. C. Ayrea . 
Will. E. Witter . 
Mary Ann Baker. 
EL A. Collins. 

■ethodlata. 

Hannah Flogg Gould . 
George Perkins Morris . 
'ITwmas H. Stockton, D.D. 
annuel T. Harmer 
William Hunter, D.D. . 
David Creamer . 
Thomas 0. Summers D.D. 
FJvlna M. Hall . 
Famiy J. Van Alstyne . 
Robert A. West . 
Harriett A. PhiUipj . 

TJnlTsrasJlata, 
Jamea Freeman, D.D. 
George Bichnrd» . 
Hosea Ballon 
Abner Kneelalid , 
John Greenleaf Adams 
Edwin Hubbell Chapiti, D.D. 
J. H. Hanaford 



John Qulncey Adama * 
James Flint, DJJ. 
John PLerpont . • 
Andrews Norton, D.D. . 
Elian Lee Follen . 
Sarah White Llvennore 
Samuel Gilman, D.D. . 
Nathaniel L. Fruthlnghom. D. 
Henry Ware, Jnn^ D.D. 
Caroline Gilman . 
William Oullen Bryant . 
Willfnm B.O. Fenboily.D.D. 
WlUlam H. Fnmess, D.D. 
Ralph Waldo Emerson . 
Thomas Gray, Jun.. M.D. 
William P. Lunt,D.D. . 
Frederick H. Hedge, D-D. 
Henry W. l/mefellow . 
Sarah E. Miles . 
Stephen Q. Bulflncb, D.D. 
Oliver W. Holmes, M.D, 
Edmund H, Seat*, D.D. . 
Sarah M. Marchess Osaoli 
Theodore Parker . . > 
Chandler Bobbins, D.D. 
James F. Clarke, D.D, . 
Ablel Abbot Llvennore 



. 1838-1878 

cir. 1862 
. 1763-1816 
. 1764-1911 
. 1786-1844 
. 1713-18 tO 
. 17BS-1BS0 
. 1701-1883 

Cir. 1101- 
. 1 701-1 869 
. 1791-1810 
. 1T99-1038 
. 1903-1846 
. 1803-1888 
. 1800-1871 
. 1808 
, 1800-1974 
. 181 0-1817 
. 1813 
. 1813-1983 
. 1814 

Cir. 1816-1881 
. 1811-1B71 
. 1810 

elr. 1819 
. 1819 

elr. 1820 
. 1830 
. 1813 
. 1910 

dr. 1820 
. 1830 
. 1831 
. 1831 

cir. 18116 
. 1813-1893 

Cir. 1849 
. 1861 



. 1789-1806 

. 1882-1804 

. 1808-1868 

. 1800 

. 1811-1871 

. 1812 

. 1813-1883 

. 1B18 

. 1823 

cir. 1819 

. 1808 



1769-1836 

1 760-1 B16 

1711-1862 

1774-1814 

1819 

IOU-1890 



1767-1910 

11 70-1 BOS 

1786-1860 

1780-1863 

1787-1960 

1789-1914 

1791-1868 

11*3-1910 

1784-1813 

1794 

1791-1878 

179»-181T 

1902 

1903-1882 

1903-1 Kit 

1895-1867 

1896 

1897-1883 

1801 

1800-1810 

180D 

1910-1876 

1910-1860 

1810-1880 

1910-1881 

1910 

1811 



AMERICAN HYMNODY 



AMPLEST GEACE 



61 



Hubert Cuale Waiereton 
William H. Burl igh 
loot* Very . 
Chalet Timothy Brooks 
Lney it Akormaa. 
Samuel Longfellow 
Jameo RturtU Lowell 
Hamuel Johnson , 
OclsTlus B. Frothtngbam 
toward Everett Halo 
Tbomaa W. HlrpnsoD 
WflHua H. Hulbert 
William J. Lorlng-, 
Josepb P, Bartrum- 

t> Bsretmad Jhtteh. 

George W. Betbune, D.D. 

8««hE.Yoik 

Alexander It. Thompson, D,D. 

9, amiu Bcftanwd. 

Edwin H.tfevln, D.D, . 
Heiuy Hutwugli, D.D. , 

10. Virion* 

Heniy AUlne . 

Samuel J. Smith . 

Lucliu M. Sargent 

William KoffliU . 

Jamas GUnorne Lyons, LL.D, 

Xraitua C. Benedict, LL.D. . 

Charles Dexter Cleveland, LL.D. 

John Greenleaf Wllltler 

MertheCooke 

William ». Clark 

Mary 8. B. Sblndler (Bum) , 

Alice Gary .... 

Anns Warner . . • 

Fhffibe dry .... 

Robinson Porter Dunn, D.D. 

Lucy lArcom . . 

Graoe Webster Hinsdale 

Emily Miller 

Annie Hawks 

Caroline W. Sewall Tor SewwdJ 

Margaret Bltmbeth Wlnalow 

Iseee Beterler Woodbury . 

Emma Campbell . . 

Frances Mace 

Harriet UcEwan Kimball 

Ellen E. Gates, 



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. 1838 
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e. ism 

. 1863 
C188S 



To any one desirous of grasping the whole 
subject of American Hymnody, tlio foregoing 
pynopsis will be of value. By reading the 
various articles in the chronological order 
given, tliu rise and growth of the hyraiiologiral 
literature of the varions denominations may 
be determined, and the relative importance of 
each writer can be ascertained. 

XVI. In conclusion I would add that no- 
thing like an adequate survey of the field of 
American Hymnody has been attempted, 
within my knowledge, until now. I have 
aimed to mention every hymn of native origin 
which has come into at oil extended use, and 
to give some account of the writer of each. 
The material has been gathered from all 
quarters, and, of course, under difficulties. I 
cannot liope to have attained absolute accu- 
racy or completeness, though the effort in 
their direction has been strenuous. The limits 
assigned to the American portion of this Dic- 
tionary necessitated severe compression, and 
gave room for little beyond the dryest facts, 
names, dates, titles, and first lines. But these 
annotations when taken together con hardly 
have failed to notice any author or hymn 
whose merit has been generally or widely re- 
cognized; and they will make it apparent 
that the subject is larger thnn would be sus- 
pected by those by whom it has not been 
Studied, 



Acknowledgments are doe to Dr. Ruy Palmer, 
Bishop Coze, und several raoie of the authors 
here mentioned, and to the representatives of 
some now deceased ; to Dr. B. D. Hitolicook, 
President of the Union Theological Seminary, 
New York; to the late Dr. E. P. Hatfield 
of New York ; to Mr. Hubert P. Main, of the 
firm of Btglow and Main ; to David Creamer, 
Esq., of Baltimore, the pioneer of hynmnlogy 
in America; and to others, for help kindly 
given in the preparation of these Notes, and 
mo Annotations on American hymns and 
hymn-writers throughout this Dictionary. 

[P. M. B.] 

Amidst the cheerful bloom of youth. 

[Youth for God.] An anonymous hymn in 
the American Presb. Ps. & Hut., 1843, and 
the American Presb. P*. A Rye. for the Worship 
of Ood, Biohmond, 1867, In S st of 4 1. 

Amidst the mighty, where in he. 
John Morton. [Crott and Consolation.] 1st 
appeared as No. 29 in the Draft Scottish 
Trcaalatwm and Paraphrase*, 1781, as a ver- 
sion of Lara, iii 37-40, in 1st of 4 lines. The 
only variation in the public worship edition 
issued in that year by the Ch. of Scotland and 
still in rise is from pine to clothe! in st. iL, 1, 2, 
In the markings by the eldest daughter of 
W. Cameron (q..v.) ascribed to Moriaan. From 
the 1781 it has passed into a few modern 
hymnals, and is included as No. 286 in Ken- 
nedy, 1863, slightly altered. [J. M.] 

Amidst Thy wrath, remember love, 
I. WaO». [Ps. iwwtrffi.] 1st pub. in his 
Psalms of David, 1719, in 10 st. of 4 1„ with 
the title "Guilt of Conscience and Belief; 
or Bepentauce and Prayer for Pardon and 
Health." Various arrangements of stanzas 
ore given in modern hymnals, no collection 
repeating it in its full form. In America it is 
generally known as " Amid Thy wrath," ftc. 

Amidst us our Beloved stands, C, 

H. 8pwrgeon. {Holy Communion.] Written for 
and 1st pub. in his O. O. H. BU. 1866. It is 
in one or two American collections. 

Amilie Jaliane. [Emili* Julian.,] 

Among the deepest shades of night, 
Ann Gilbert, nee Taylor. J_A ChUoVt Hymn j 
Appeared in Hymnt for Infant Minds, by J. 
and A. Taylor, 1810, in 5 st. of 4 1., and en- 
titled " Thon God seest me." It is found in 
various collections for children. Orig. text 
in Stevenson's H. for Ch. and Home, witli " to 
hell " for " t» hell," st. iv., 1. 1. It is some- 
times given as " Amimgtt the deepest shades." 

Amplest grace with Thee I find. A. 
M. Toptady. [Christina*.] 1st pub. in his 
Poem* on Sacred Subject*, Dublin, 1759, 
pp. 73-4, in 8 st. of 41., and beaded "On the 
Birth of Christ" Although not in C. U. in 
G. Britain, It has passed into a few American 
collections, and usually in an abbreviated 
form. Orig. text in Sedgwick's reprint of 
Toplsdy's P. WorJct, Lend., 1860. 

[W. T. &] 



62 



ANA2TA2EH3 'HMEPA 



'Avaa-ratreoK ^(lipa. This id the first 
of eight Odea which form the great hymn 
commonly known as " The Golden Canon, or 
The Queen of Cftnons,*'of St. John of Damascus. 
The Odes alternate with those of St. Cosmos 
in the Greek Office for Easter Day in tho 
Penteeoitarion, and each is sung in order in 
the service as appointed therein. The date 
of its composition was probably the miUdlo of 
the eighth century, St. John having died about 
a.d. 780. The design of tho series of Odes 
whicli constitute tho Canon is to let forth the 
fact of the Resurrection, its fulfilment of an- 
cient types and figures and prophecies, and 
tho benefits which it has brought to mankind; 
out of which arises the call for praise and 
thanksgiving. This is accomplished in tho 
following manner: — 

Ode i. Tho fact of the Resurrection ; a new Passover; 
therefore rejoice. Iii. This jg the New Kiver from the 
Hock: and the New Light, iv. This Is the Salvation 
Been by Habakkuk, the male that opens the womb, the 

Erling Lamb, tho Antitype of tho ark; therefore, re- 
ft, v. He is Risen, bring praises, net ointments ; 
te to meet the Bridegroom, vi. He has broken from 
Hades, and with It baa brought freedom to man. vil. lie 
came from the Bery furnace like the Holy Throe, the 
HolyTYumen found Him, therefore keep the Festival, 
viil. Yea, on this mum of praise, taste the vine's new 
fruit, and keep the Festival. Ix. Ariac, shine ! praise 
Him, thou Now Jerusalem, He Is ours to tho end; wo 
therefore praise Thee, "O Christ, our Fascka." 

Although a complete Greek Canon consists 
of nine Odes, only eight oro given in this 
Canon for Easter, and in other Canons of the 
great Festivals. By » rigid rulo the Odes 
must follow tho onler and keynote of nine 
Scripture Cnnticles, one, for exumplo, being 
the Benedicite, and another Jonah's prayer. 
No. it Canticle is of a severe and threatening 
character, and is therefore omitted from Fes- 
tival Canons, Hence the omission of an Ode 
linsoJ thereupon in this Canon for Easter; 
and why (as in tho Canon for Christmas Day) 
Odo ii. is also missing. (Sec Greek Hymnody, 
§ xvi. 11, and Xpurrbs tcwbtik for tho series 
of Canticles.) 

The completo Office^ is sung jn tho Greek 
Church every Easter Day, wbb included by 
Dr. Littledalo in his Offices from the Service 
Books of the Holy Eastern Church, 1863, 
pp. 86-8(7, together with a literal tr., pp. 209- 
224. Tho Canon is also found in the AbM 
Migne's Fairologia, torn. xciv. p. 839. Dr. 
Neale introduces his tr. in his Eye. of the 
Eastern Church with the quotation of a most 
striking and eloquent description of an Easter 
morning in Athens, when, with great rejoioing, 
this Canon is sung : — 

" As midnight approached, the Archbishop, with bis 
priests, accompanied by the King and ljuccn, left the 
church, and stationed themselves on the platform, which 
was raised considerably from the ground, so that they 
were distinctly seen by the people. Everyone now 
remained in breathless expectation, holding their un- 
llgbted tapers In readiness when the glad moment should 
arrive, while the priests still continued murmuring 
their melancholy chant In a low hair-whisper. Suddenly 
a single report of a cannon announced that twelve 
o'clock had struck, and that Easter day had began ; 
thcu the old Archbishop, elevating the cross, exrlaimed 
in a load exulting tone, ' Cbfit tot anesfi, Christ is risen 1' 
and instantly every single individual of all that host 
took up tiie cry, and the vast multitude broke through 
and dispelled for ever the Intense and mournful silence 
which they hid maintained so long, with one spon- 
taneous shout of indescribable Joy and triumph, ' Christ 



ANA2TA2EA2 'HMEPA 

is risen! Christ is risen!' At the saule moment, the 
oppressive darkness was succeeded by a blaze oi light 
from thousands of tapers, which, communicating one 
from another, seemed to send streams of Are in all 
directions, rendering Ihe minutest objects distinctly 
visible, and casting the most vivid glow on the expres- 
sive faces, Hill of exultation, of the rejoicing crowd; 
hands of music struck up their gayest strains ; the roll 
of the drum through the town, and farther on the peal- 
ing of the cannon announced far and near these ' glad 
tidings of great joy ' ; while from hill and plain, from 
the seashore and the far olive grove, rocket afier rocket 
ascending to the clear sky, answered back with their 
mute eloquence, that Christ is risen Indeed, and told of 
other tongues that were repeating thore blessed words, and 
otlier hearts that leapt for Joy ; everywhere men olasped 
each other's bands, and congratulated one another, and 
embraced with countenances beaming with; delight, as 
though to each one separately eoms wonderful happiness 
had been proclaimed ; — and so In truth it was;— «hd all 
the while, rising above tbs mingling of many sounds, 
each one of which was a sound or gladness, the aged 
priests were distinctly heard chanting forth a glorious 
old hymn of victory in tones so loud and clear, that 
they seemed to liave regained their youth and strength 
to tell the world how 'Christ is risen from the dead, 
having trampled death beneath His feet, ami henceforth 
the entomb'd have everlasting life.'" 

Mr. Hatherley, in his annotated and musical 
edition of tho Bys. of the Eastern Church, IBS!!, 
has pointed out that this writer was wrong in 
regarding this Canon as the "glorious old 
hymn of victory." The glorious old hymn in 
one stanza is : Xpitrrhs AreVnj Ik vtKpuir 
(Littledale, p. 87), which Dr. Littledalo lias 
rendered ; — 

** Christ has risen from the dead, , 
Death by death down doth He tread. 
And on those within the tombs 
He bestoweth life." (p. am.) 

It is after this has been repeated several times, 
and certain ceremonies areperforraod, that the 
great Canon of St. John of Damascus is sung, 
Tho eight Odes of this Canon, tho first of 
which has token a permanent position in the 
hymnals of most English-speaking countries, 



Odo L 'Aranrito-twi ^pipa. 'Tig the day of 
Seaumetion, By J, it, JXcale ill Ifys. of ihe E. 
Church, 1862, p, 42, in 3 st. of 8 i. (M ed. 
p. 38). It was iirst pub. as st hymn for congrega- 
tional use hi the Parish If >/mri Book, 18G3, No. 52, 
beginning, " The Day of Resurrection." From 
that date it grew in general esteem and has been 
extensively adopted, sometimes with the opening 
line as above, and again as by Dr. Neale. Orig. 
tr. in II. E. Church, p. 42. Blank verse tr. in Dr. 
Littledale's Offices, $c, p. 211. The break in tho 
refrain, st. iii., is copied from tho original. 

Ode iii, Atvrf xS/ia ititrfuv, dome mid let 
mt drink of that Vew Hive*. By J. SI. Ncale, 
from his Hys. of the E. Ck. r p. 44 ; 'also blank 
verso tr. in Dr. Ltttledale's Offices, rj-e., of the 
H, E. Ch., p. 212, 

Odo iv. 'Ert T?t flefoi duAokrir- Stand on 
thy watoh-tower, Habakkuk the Beer, By J. M. 
Neale, Bys. of the E. Ch., p. 45 ; also blank 
verse tr. in Littledale's Offices, f>c, p. 213. 

Ode v. 'Op6pltro>iiev Hpflpou £af)e'ox. Let us 
its* in early morning. By J. M. Nenle, from Hys. 
of the E. Ch., p. 46 ; also blank verse tr. in Little- 
dale's Offices, p. 214. Of Dr. Nenle's tr., st, 
i.-iii. are given us No. 266 in Wiring's Bk. of 
Common Praise, 1872, 

Ode vi, KorrpAfef if ra7s Karotrd'rQtt. Into 
the dim earth's lowest parts descending. Bv J. 



ANATOIJU.S 

M. Ncile, Hys. of the E. Ck, p. 47; also blank 
veTse <>•■ in Littleikle's Offices, $c, p. 315, 

Ode vil. 'O TaUor &r Kajtivov. Who from 
the fleiy faraaoe wind the Three. IJy J, M, 
Neale, in //ys. 0/ the E, C, p. 48 ; also in blank 
verse in Iittlcdale's Offices. $c, p. 217. 

Ode viii. A&r»| f| Kknrfi >ad ayla ipepa. Thou 
hallewed oaoeen day ! that flrit [nm of praiae]* 
Hy J. M. Neale, in Hys. of tlte E. C/i., p. 50. 
In 18S7 it was given in tho Pcojtle's H., and, in 
187], st. ii.-iv., beginning, " Come let ns taste 
the wine's new fruit," as No. 28 in the Irvingite 
U. for tlie Use of the Churc/ics. Dr. Littledalehas 
also a ii: in blank verse in his Offices, $c, p. 218. 

Ode ix, *«rf£oir, <p&Tt£t>v, # via 'lepowrajJift. 
Thou new Jerusalem, aiits and thine. By J. M. 
Neale, in Hys. of the E. Ch., p. 52, and also in 
blank verso in Dr. LittlednU's Offices, $c., p. 319. 

Wo would add that Dr. Nealo's translations 
havenot tho exultant freedom of the original; 
and that greater use of this Canon can be mode 
than lias been done hitherto. Dr. Littledalo's 
fine blank verse translations might be turned 
into soma of the more popular measures of 
modern hytunody with advantapcand success. 
Mr. Chatterton Dix lias supplied some good 
examples in Lyra Mcssianica, 1864. (Sec 4th 
ed. of Hys. of the & Ch., Lon., Hayes, 1882, 
forreadingsin former editioniandlileral trans- 
lations of and music to ench Ode.) [J. J.] 

Anatolius, one of tho Greek hymn-writers. 
No details nro known of him. Ffoin the fact 
that he celebrates martyrs who died in the flth 
and early part of the 7th cent., it is certain 
that he is not to bo identified (ni by Neale) 
with tho patriarch who succeeded Fhwian in 
449, and afterwards procured the enactment 
of tho famous canon of tho Coancil of Glial- 
cotton, which raised Constantinople to tho 
second plneo among the patriarchal sees {Did. 
of Ch. Biog,, i, p. 110). A letter is slid to wrist 
showing that ho was a pupil of Theodore of 
the Btudium (753-826), More than a hun- 
dred hymns, all of them short ones, nro found 
in the Mentea and Octoectius. Sometimes they 
are called bVhtoA«4 trnxvpi. From this ac- 
count, derived from Anth. Grace. Carta. Christ., 
p. xli., it will bo seen that his poems cannot 
bo considered "tho wr*n0-promise''of the age 
of the Canons {Neale). A few of his hymns 
havo been translated by Dr. Neale, in his Hys. 
of ihe E. Ch., and Dr. Littlednle, in the Offset 
of the H. E, Ch. ; see £p$cp£r rpittufdat 
(" Pierce was tho wild billow ") and TV 
$/i4ptt? SicKSar ("The day is past and over ">. 

[H. h. B.] 

Ancient of ages t humbly bent be- 
fore Thee. Sir J. Binning. [Missions.'] 
A short hymn on behalf of missions, of more 
than usual merit. It appeared in his Hymns, 
1825, in 2 st. of 7 1. In Miss Courtanld's 
Unitarian I'*., Hys. and ^»irteins,Lond.,1860, 
it is given as No. 10. 

And am I born to die? C. Wesley. 
[Death and Eternity.'), 1st pub. in bis Hymns 
for Children, 1763, No. 50, in 6 st. of 8 1. J. 
Wesley included it in tho 1780 ed. of tho Wes. 
II. Bk. nud it is retained in the rovised ed. of 



AND AHE WE YET 



63 



1875. From the Wen. II. Bh. it has passed 
into numorotis hymnals both in G, Britain and 
America, and sometimes in an abbreviated 
form. Orig. text, P. Works, 1868-72, vol, vi. 
p. 42a. 

And am I only born to die ? [C. 

WexUy. [Death and Eternity.'] This hymn, 
similar in character to the abovo, appeared in 
the same work— Hymns /or Children, 1763, in 
G st. of 6 1, In 1780 it was included in tho 
Wes, H. Bh. and from thence it has passed 
into nil the collections of the Methodist fxxJios, 
and several othoi-s,iu G. Britain and America. 
Stevenson gives some interesting details of 
circumstances attending the singing of this 
hymn, iu bis Meth. H. lik. Nntes, 18&a, p. 54. 
Orig. text in P. Works of /. * C. Wesley, 
1866-72, vol. vi. p. 432. 

And are our joys ao quickly fiedP 
C. Wesley. [Christ walkino, on the sea,! A long 
hymn of 14 st. of G 1., on St. Matt. xiv. 23-33. 
(Christ and Peter.) 1st pub, iu Hymns and 
Sacred Poems, 1749, under tho heading " Tho 
Tempest." In its full form it is unknown to 
(ho collections ; but a cento, " Oft when tbo 
waves of passion rise," was given in tho Leeds 
H. Bh., 1853, No, 201, and repeated in various 
hymnals, including Bapt Ps. & Hys,, 1858; 
Sir J. Mason's Orphanage If. Bh., and others. 
It is composed of at. iv., v., vii, viii., xiv., 
slightly altered. Orig. text in P. Works, 
1808-72, vol. iv. p, 434. 

And are we now brought near to 
God, P. Doddridge, [Nearness to God.] Ill 
tho "n. ires," this hymn is undated, and tho 
text diners from that pub, by J. Ortou in Dod- 
dridge's, Hymns, 1755, but whether tho altera- 
tions were by Doddridge or Ortou cannot bo 
determined. The hymn is in 5 st. of 4 1, and 
entitled, " Nearness to God thro' Christ" In 
1839, it was republished by J. Doddridge 
Humphreys, in Scripture Hymns, by the Rev. 
Philip Doddridge, D.D., new and corrected ed. 
The hymn in full is not in C. U, ; but a cento, 
composed of st, i., ii. of tho 1755 text, and 
two additional stanzas, based upon Doddridge's 
hymn, "High let us swell our tuneful notes" 
(q. v.), is in somewhat extensive use in America, 
It appeared in tho Amor, Prayer Bk. Coll., 
1826, No. 95, and from thence passed into later 
hymnals, including tho Hymnal of the Prat. 
Episco. Chureli, 1871. 

And are we wretches yet alive ? I. 
Watts. [Lent.] This eomewhat uncommon 
and strongly worded hymn has passed out of 
Tiso in G. Britain, but is still found in several 
modem American hymn-books of importance. 
It appeared in Watts's Hys. and 8. Song*, 
1707, Bk. ii., No. 105, in 5 st of 4 1., and en- 
titled, " Repentance flowing from the patience 
of God." 

And are we yet alive? G. Wesley. 
[Meeting of Friends."] From his Hymns and 
Sacred Poems, 1749, vol. ii., No. 236, in 4 st. 
of 8 1., and entitled, "At Meeting of Friends.'' 
The 3rd st. is usually omitted, as in the 1780 
ed. of tho Wes. H. Bk., and the revised rd„ 
1875, It is commonly used as the opening 



64 



AND ART THOU 



hymn of tl:o Wesleyan Cunfcrrnco. In nil 
English-speaking countries it U a favour* 
ite hymn with the Methodist bodies, and iu 
America especially it is included in the willee- 
lions of various denominations. Orig. text, 
P. Work*, 18G8-72, vol. v. p 466. 

And art Thou, gracious Master, 
gone? T. Kelly. [Reproach of the Crow.) 
1st pub. in the 1st id. of his Hymns, Ac, 
1804, p. 26, in 5 st. of 6 1„ as the first of a 
series of hymns on the " Reproach of the 
Cross." It is also found in all subsequent 
cds. of the same work. In 1812, Dr. Collyer 
gave it in his 8el. ; it was repeated by Mont- 
gomery in his Christ. Psalmist, 1825 ; and by 
Bickersteth in the Christ. Psalmody, 1833, thus 
coming; into C. U. The hymn, » Shall I to 
gain the world's applause," is a cento there- 
from, composed of 11. 1-1 of st. ii., iv. and iii., 
iu the order named and slightly altered. This 
cento in l. m. appeared in Nettloton's (Amer.) 
Vfflag* Hymns, 1824, No. 411, and from thence 
lias passed into a few American collections. 

And art thou with us, gracious 
LordP P. Doddridge. [In, trouble.'] Not 
in tlio "n. mss." and 1st pub. in J. Orion's 
ed. of his Hymns, *e., 1755, No. 38, in 5 st. 
of 4 1., with the heading, " Tho timorous Saint 
encouraged by tho Assurance of the Divine 
Presence and Help. Is. xli. 10." The same 
text was repeated in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of 
Doddridge's Hymns, 1839. Ite use is limited, 
and in Spurgeon's O. 0. H. Bk., st. ii. is 
omitted. In a few collections, including Lant 
Carpenter's Unitarian B. Bk., Bristol, 1831, 
and others, a cento is given as, " Art thou 
still with us, gracious Lord f" It is composed 
of st. L, ii., and iv., slightly altered. 

Arid can it be that I should gain. 
C. Wesley. [Thanksgiving for Salvation.] 
Written at Little Britain, in May, 171-18, toge- 
ther with the hymn, " Where ahull my won- 
dering soul begin?" on the occasion of tho 
great spiritual change which C. Wesley at that 
time underwent. His diary of that dato gives 
minute details of the mental and spiritual 
struggles through which he passed, evidences 
of which, and the ultimnte triumph, are clearly 
traceable in both hymns. It was 1st pub. in 
J. Wesley's Pit. and Hymns, 1738, and again in 
Hymns and Sacred Poems, 1739, p. 117, in 6 st. 
of 6 1. When inoladed in the Wes. H. Bit., 
1780, st.v. was omitted, the same arrangement 
being retained in the revised ed. 1875, No. 201. 
It has passed from that hymnal into nume- 
rous collections in G. Britain, and most 
English-speaking countries. Stevenson's note 
on this hymn, dealing with the spiritual bene- 
fits it has ronferred on many, is fall and in- 
teresting (Meih. H. Bk. Note*, p. 155). Orig, 
text in P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 105. 

And can my heart aspire so high. 
Anne Steele. [Submission.'} 1st pub. m her 
Poems, <te., new ed„ 1780, vol. in. p. 132, in 
4 st. of 4 1., headedj " Filial Submission," and 
based on Heb. iii. 7. It was included in 
Sedgwick's reprint of her Hymns, 1863, p. 147, 
Its nse is mainly confined to American collec- 
tions of various denominations. 



AND IS IT TRUE 

And did tho Holy and the Just Anne 

Steele. [Jiofcrnpf ion.] A wore than usually 
successful hymu by this writer. It appeared 
iu her Poems, <tc„ 1760 and 1780, vol. i. p. 175, 
in 6 st. of 4 1., entitled, " The wonders of Be- 
demption." It is based on 1 Fet. iii. IS. It was 
also included in Sedgwick's reprint of her 
Hymtu, 1863, p. 108. It was flint brought 
into C. U. by Ash and Eviius in their Bapt. 
Bristol Coll., 1763. Its use in G. Britain is 
limited, but in Amoriea it is found in many 
collections. 

And did the Son of God appear, 

J. Montgomery. [Christ our Pattern.] This 
hymn was written for J. H. Gurney's Coll. of 
Bys., Lutterworth, 1838, No. 7. Respecting 
it 'Jumey says in the Preface, " Ouo hymn, 
No. 7, in this collection, written upon a sub- 
ject suggested to him [Montgomery! by the 
Editor, has never before been published." 
This hymn was repeated in the Mary-lo-bone 
Ft. & Hys*, 1851, and in Montgomery's 
Original Hys., 1853, No. 120, in G st. of 4 1. 
Tlio title is "Christ Jesus our Pattern in 
doing and suffering." 

And dost Thou fast, and may I feast P 

J. S. B. Monsell. [Holy Commvnion~Lent,] 
1st pub. in his Hymns of Love and Praise, 
1863, in st. of 41. It is appointed for the 
1st Sun. in Lent, and bnsed on the wurds, 
M Can God furnish a table in the wilderness ? " 
Ps. Ixxviii. 19. In Alton's Supp. if., 1868 and 
1875, st. i.-iv. and vii. are given as No. 158. 

And have I, Christ, no love for Thee, 

8. Stennett. [Holy Anxiety.] Contributed to 
Rippnn's Bapt. SeX, 1787, Ho. 252, in 5 st of 
4 1. It has passed into several hymn-books. 
It is also found in his Memoir by W. Jones, 
1824. Orig. text, Spurgeon's O. O. H. Bk., 
186S, No. 640. 

And have I measured half my days ? 

C. Wesley. [Pleading for Pardon.] Appeared 
in Hymns £ Sacred Poems, 1749, vol. i., in 
16 st. of 4 1., and again in tho P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. iv. p. 322. In 1780, J. Wesley 
included sL x.-xiiL and zvi. in the Wet. n. 
Bk, as : — " God is in this and every place." 
The same is retained in all subsequent edi- 
tions of that work, and has passed into 
general use amongst the Methodist bodies, 
and also in a few American collections of 
other denominations. 

And is It so P A little while. [Death 

and Slemity.) An anonymous hymn in the 
American Tract Soc. Sung* of 7Aon, 1864, tho 
Fresh. Ps. & Hys., Richmond, 1807, and others. 

And is it true, as I am told P Amelia 
iff. Bvtt. [Child's Byrnn.] Contributed to 
Miss H. W. Soltau'a Pleasant Hymn* for Boys 
and Girls, K.D., but pub. in 1862. It consists 
of 6 st of 6 L It is usually found in an abbre- 
viated form, and sometimes with alterations. 
The hymnals which number it amongst their 
contents include the Hy. Comip., No. 421 ; 
Snepp's Songs nf ft # G„ No. S123 ; Major's 
Bk. of Fraite, &c. [_W. T. B.] 



AND 18 MT SOUL 

And is my soul with Jesus oneP 
Joseph Irons. [Union with Christ.'] From his 
SXon't Songs, &a, 3rd ed., 1825, No. 191, into 
Snepp's Songs of Q. A <?., 1872, unaltered 
except in fust fine, which reads in the ori- 



AND MUST 1 PABT 



65 



except 
ginal, 



' And is my soul nnd Jesus one 7" 



And is salvation brought bo near 9 
P. Doddridge. [Solvation.) Not found in 
the " d. kbs. and 1st pub. by J. Orton in his 
ed. of Doddridge's Hymns, &C, 1755, No. 262, 
in 4 st of 4 1. on Bom. x. 6-10, and repeated 
in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the same, 1839. 

And is the gospel peace and love P 

Anne Steele. [Example of Christ.} let pub. 
in her Poem* on Subjects chiefly Devotional, 
1760-80, vol i. pp. 122-123 : and repeated in 
Sedgwick's reprint of her Hymns, Ac, 1868, 
PpTto-TG. It is in 7 st. of 4 1., and entitled, 
"The Example of Christ." In 1787 it was 
introduced into congregational use by Dr. 
Bippon, in his Bapt. Set. ofHys., No. 166. 
This was followed by the Bapt. New Set., 
1828, No. 121, and others to modern col- 
lections. In Snepp's Songs of G. <£ (?., 1872, 
No. 555, st. i., u., iii., and vi. are given un- 
altered. It is also in American use. 

And is the time approaching P Jane 
Borthwick. [Anticipation of Heaven.'] Ap- 
peared in her Thoughtful Hours, 1859, m 8 st 
of 4 1., and entitled " Anticipations." It is 
not in C. U. in G. Britain, but is found in 
several American hymnals. 

And is there in God's world so drear 
a place P John KtbU. [Itepentance.] 1st 
pub. in bis Christian Tear, 1827, in 14 st of 
8 1. and appointed for the 2nd Bun. in Lent 
The heading is . — 

" And when Eun heard tike words of his Other, he 
cried with ■ great and exceeding Utter cry, end eaid 
unto bis father, Illeaa me, even me, my father. 
Oeneele xxill. M. (Compare Hebrews xil. IT. 'He 
found no place of repentance, though he sought it care- 
fully with teara.')" 

The poem is based upon these quotations 
and is accompanied by the following note : — 

" The author earnestly hope*, that nothing; In thee* 
atansas will be understood to express any opinion aa to 
Uw general efficacy of what la called * a death-bed re- 
pentance.' Snch queetkme are beat left In the merciful 
obaenrtty with which Scripture has enveloped tbem. 
ban 1 * probation, aa far aa hie birthright waa concerned, 
wae quite over when be uttered tho cry In the teat. 
Hie despondency, tbereforej I* not parallel to anything 
on this aide of the grave." 

This poem as a whole is not in 0. U. A 
cento therefrom composed of st. i., iii ,-viii., 
was given in the GainsbuTgh Hys. for the 
Christian Seasons (1st ed., 1851), No. 116. 

And is there, Lord, a cross far me? 
3. AddiseotL [Submission.} 1st pub. in The 
New Cong. H. Bk., 1859, No. 650, and entitled 
"Take up the Gross." It is appropriated 

to the « Trials of the Christian Life." 

And is this lift prolonged to meP 
I. 'Watt*. [Decision for Christ.} Appended 
to his Sermons, 1721-24, voL iii, and later 
eds.,T0l.ii.,No.39,in6siof4L Itis based 
on his Sermon 89 on 1 Cor. iii. 23, " Whether 
Life or Death, — All ore yours," to which he 



fave the title, *' The Bight Improvement of 
ife." The hymn is not in extensive use. 
It is sometimes abbreviated. The text in the 
New Cong. No. 488, is slightly altered. 

And let our bodies part. C. Wesley. 
[Parting.] Prom Hymns & Sacred Poems, 
1749, vol. iL, No. 233, of 10 st in two parts. 
The first part, in 6 st., was included in tho 
Wes. H. Bk, 1780, and is retained in the 
revised edition, 1875, No. 535. In some 
collections a shorter version compiled from 
this is given. Orig. text, P. Work*, 1868-72, 
vol. v. p. 462. From this hymn, and another, 
a cento has been formed, " let our heart and 
mind," thus, st i.-iv., st. ii., iii. of the above, 
st. v., vi, from st. viii, and v. of " Saviour of 
sinful men " (q. v.) This is found in Bapt. Ps. 
& Hymns, 1858 and 1880. The orfgin&Iliymn 
is also found in a few American collections. 
A second cento from this hymn alone was 
given in Martineau's Hymns, Ac, 1840, and 
again in his Hyt. of Praise & Prayer, 1873, 
No. 694. It begins, " And what though now 
we part," and is composed of st. i., 1. 1^4, iii., 
iv., 1. 4-8, and yt., 1. 1-4, as in the Wet. H. Bk. 
but somewhat altered. 

And let this feeble body fail. 
C. Wesley. [Burial.] Prom his Funeral 
Hymns,nS0 (2nd Series), No. iii., in 9 st of 8 1. 
In 1830, 7 sts. were inoluded in the Supp. to 
the Wes. If. Bk. as hymn 734, and as hymn 
948 are retained in the revised ed., 1875. 
Orig. text, J'. Works, 1868-72, vol. vi. p. 218. 
In Amerioa it is used somewhat extensively, 
and by various denominations. 

And Uve X yet by power divine P 
C. Wesley. [Recovery from Sickness.] This 
hymn, in l7st, on 2 Kings xx. 1-11, was 
written in 1738 by C. "Wesley during his 
residence at Oxford, and as a thanksgiving 
after a dangerous sickness. It was pub. in 
Hymns and Sacred Poems, 1739. In 1780, the 
hymn "God of my life, what just return " was 
compiled therefrom, and included in the Wes, 
H. Bk. as No. 149. It is also found in many 
other collections, being held by the If ethodist 
bodies in much esteem. Orig.toxtinP.lrVfri, 
1868-72, vol. i. p. 74. 

And may I hope that when no more. 

Joseph Swain. [Trust in God.] Printed in 
his Walworth Byrnns, 1792, in 10 st. of 4 1 
In its full form it is not in C. U., but selec- 
tions appear in Denham's Saints' Melody, 
1837, Ac, and also in the Amer. Bapt. Praise 
Book. Orig. text in the 1869 reprint of 
Swain's Hymns. (TV. T. B,] 

And must I be to judgment brought P 
C. Wesley. [The Judgment] 1st pub. in his 
Hymns for Children, 1763, No. 33, in 8 st, of 
i f, and headed " A thought on Judgment." 
It is^not in C. V. in U. Britain, but in 
America st. i.-v. are given in the Amer. Meth. 
Episeop. Coll., 1849; the H.Bk.ofthe Evan- 
geUcal Association, Cleveland, Ohio, 1862, No. 
639, and others. Full text in P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. vt p. 401. 

And must I part with all I have ? 
B.Beddome. [Self Denial.] Given iu Bin- 



66 



AND MUST THIS BODY 



pou's Sel, 1787, No. 281, in 4 at. of 4 1. It is 
almost unknown to modern collection it in G, 
Brit., but in America it is found in several 
hymnals, including the Bap. Hy. & Tune Bk., 
1871 ; Songs for the Sanctuary, 1865 : the 
Dutch Reformed Sm. for the Church, 1869 ; 
Hatfield's Ch. H. Bk., 1872 ; and other*. In 
all of those, tile arrangement of tlie stanzas 
and tho text varies, both from each other, and 
from the original. Orig. test in modern ed. 
of Bippmi. and in It. Hull's cd. of Beddonic'a 
Hymns, 1817, No. 225, in 4 st. of 4 L 

And must this body die P I. Watt*. 
[Triumph over Death.'] 1st pub. in his 
Hymns, to., 1707, in 6 st. of 4 1. and entitled 
" Triumph over Death in hope of tho Resurrec- 
tion " (Bk. ii , No. ex.). In an altered form it 
was given by J. Wesley in his Fs. and 
Hys. pub. at Charleatown, South Carolina, in 
1736-7. It was not included ill the Wes. ff. 
Bk. in 1780, but added in the Snppl. of 1830 ; 
"Wesley's text of 1736-7 being retained, with 
atiii., 1, 1, "Andewr"for " And often " (tlie 
original reading of Watts) being omitted. In 
the revised ed. of 1875, this has again been 
abridged by the omission of the last stanza. 
The text of the Wee. H. Bk. is thus by Watts 
and J, Wesley. In other collections it is 
usually Watts unaltered. Its use in America 
is very extensive. 

And now another day Is gone, FU 
sing, &e. I. Watts. IBvening.] "An 
Eveuing Song," in 4 st. of 4 1., from his 
Divine Sonqs, &c, 1715, into a fewraodern 
collections for children, including Major's Bk. 
of Praise for Children, No. 288, and others. 

And now, *mid myriad worlds en- 
throned. Godfrey Thring. [Saturday.] 
Written in 1868, and 1st pub. in his Hymn* & 

Sacred Lyric*, 1874, pp. 19-20, and subse- 
quently in various hymnals. Authorized text, 
Thring's CoJL, 1882, No. 79. 

And now, my soul, another year. 

8. Browne. {Neat Year.'] Ill his Hymns <£ 
Spiritual Songs, &o„ 1720, Bk. i„ pp. 44-5, in 
8 Bt. of 4 1„ and entitled " New Year's Day." 
Its use ia very limited in G. Britain, bnt some- 
what extensive in America. As given in 
modern hymn-boohs it is generally in an ab- 
breviated form, as in Major's Bit. of Praise, 
No.. 293, Snepp's Songs of G. <fc Q., No. 915. 

And now the wants are told that 
brought. W. Bright. {Close of Service.] 
Written in 1865, and 1st pub. in his Hymns 
and other Poems, I860, entitled " Hymn for 
tho dose of a Service," p. 86. In 1868 it 
was republished in the Appendix to if. A. (t M,, 
with the addition of a doxology. 

And will the Sternal King. P. 

Doddridge. [Personal Dedication.'] "Written 
according to the " n. wss.," Jan. 3, 1736, and 
1st pub. by J. Orton in his ed. of Doddridge's 
Hymns, 1755, ip 3 st. of 4 1., and again in J. 
D. Humphreys's ed. of the same, 1839. Found 
iu various collections. Orig. test in Bapt. Ps. 
& Bye., 1858, No. 396, 



AND WILL YK GO 

And will the great Sternal QodP 

j P. Doddridge. [Opening of a Place of Worship.] 

i Written for the opeuiug of a now place of 

j worship at Oiiklmm, Ill the "D. Jim." it is 

j undated. In 17J>5 it was included by J. Ortou 

: in his ed. of Doddridge's Hymns, Ac, No. 49, 

! in 6 st. of 4 ),, and repeated iu J. D. Haui- 

plireys's ml. of tho same, 1839. In 1826 it was 

embodied iu au altered form iu'the Alner. 

Prayer Bk. (htl. as. "And milt Tlum, O 

Eternai God." This arrangement, in common 

with tlie original, is in extensive use in 

America. A cento from the original is also 

given in tlie Wes. H. Bk, 1875, No, 394, sis, 

"Gre»t Rod. Thy watchful care we bless." 

It is composed of st. Hi., iv., and vi., slightly 

altered. 

And wiU the Judge descend P P. 

Doddridge. [Judgment.] This hymn is not 
in the " i>. «ss " and was 1st pub. by J. 
Orion in Doddridge's Hymns, &c, 1755, No. 
189, in 7 st. of 41. It is based upon St. Mutt. 
xxv. 41, and headed " The final Sentence, and 
Misery of the Wicked," Iu its full form it is 
not usually given in the collections. The 
most popular arrangement is st. i, iv., v., vi. 
This is found hi various collections iu 
G. Britain. Its greatest use is in America, 
where it ranks in ]>opularity with the best of 
Doddridge's hymns. 

And will the Lord thus condescend P 

Anne Steele. [The Love of Christ.] 1st pub. 
in her Poems, 1760, vol. i. p. 67, in « st or 4 L, 
based oti Rev. iii. 20, arid entitled "The 
Heavenly Guest." In 1709 it was included 
in tho Bristol Bapt CWl. of Ash and Evans, 
and came thus into G. U. It was also re- 
peated in a new ed. of the Poems, 1780, and 
in Sedgwick's reprint of her Hymns, 1863, 
p. 42. At the present time its use is mainly 
confined to America, 

And wiU the majesty of heaven? 
P. Doddridge. [Condescension.] This hymn 
on Ejsek. xxxiv. 31, is in the "n. Mflsrbut 
undated. It was pub. by J. Orton in his ed. 
of Doddridge's Hymns, 4c., 1755, No. 144, in 
5 st. of 4 1., with slight differences from the 
ms. and with the MS. title of " God, tlie Shep- 
herd of Men," expanded to " God's Condescen- 
sion in becoming the Shepherd of Men." It 
was also republished in J. D, Humphreys's 
ed. of Doddridge, 1839. 

And will ye go away? S Deacon 
[Falling away from Christ.] This is No. 273 
of his Barton Hymn*, 1797. in 6 at. of 4 1, 
and in headed " A Serious Question." It was 
probably in the 1st ed. of thoso hymns, 1785, 
but this we have not been able to ascertain. 
In 1804 it was repeated, without alteration, in 
John Deacon's Netv and Large Coll. of Ps. and 
Hys. No, 461. As known in a few modern 
collections, specially amongst the Baptists, it 
is rewritten ami enlarged to 9 st. This form 
was given to it in Rippon's Sel, 27th ed., 
1827, No, 439, pt. ii„ and retains only a few 
lines of S. Deacon's text Its signature is 
" Anon., Ripporis Sel., 27th ed. 1827, bated on 
8. Deacon, 1797." 



AND WILT THOU 

And wilt Thou now forsake me, 
Lord P [CwtfideHee.] An anonymous bymn 
which appeared in vol. ii. (called Pte. iii. & iv.) 
of a SeL by the Countess of Northesk, entitled 
The Sfte«eri«9 Vine, 3rd thousand, 1858* A 
slightly different version is in the American 
&£ooft IT. Bfc., N.Y.,1858, No. 761, and other 
American collection*. 

And wilt Thou yet be found? C, 
Wesley. [Resignation.] 1st pub. in Uymn* 
and Soared Poem*, 1740, in 22 st of 4 1., and 
entitled " Resignation." It was repeated in 
subsequent editions of tho same, and in the 
P. Work*. 1868-72, vol. i. p. 2GG. In its full 
form it is unknown to the collectioiis, but a 
portion therefrom, consisting of st. is.-xs., and 
beginning " When shall Thy love constrain," 
was given in the Wes. H. Sk. 1780, No. 138, 
and continued in all later editions. It hag also 
passed from thence into other collections, and 
specially in those in use amongst the Methodist 
bodies. Another cento, beginning with sL x., 
*• Ah t what avails my strife," is also in limited 
uso; whilst a third, "And can I yet delay," 
opening with st xv, is given in a large iiutnoer 
of American hymnals. 

Anderson, John, s. of Andrew Ander- 
son, a miner, was b. near Yoker, Renfrew- 
shire, in 1801, and educated at tho University 
of Glasgow, and at the Divinity Hall of the 
Associate Burghers, at Perth. In 1827 he 
became the first minister of the Associate 
Burgher Church, at Helensburgh, Dumbar- 
tonshire. Tho congregation whiob ho suc- 
ceeded in gathering together passed with him 
into the communion of the Established 
Church of Scotland in 1839. In 1843, both 
minister and people made a second change, in 
joining the Free Church movement of that 
year. d. at Helensburgh, Jan. 10, 1867. . In 
the ecclesiastical controversies of his day he 
took a prominent part, specialty in the Volun- 
tary controversy, the Free Church movement, 
and the Revival of 1858. His prose works 
were somewhat numerous, and included a 
Life of Christ, 1861. He also wrote some 
poetical pieces, and translations. He is known 
to hymnoiogy as the first to publish a com- 
plete tr. of Luther's hymns as Hymn* from 
the German of Dr. Martin Lutiier, 1846. In 
1867, a shortmemoir, by John Oatt, together 
with extracts fiom his prose and poetical 
writings, appeared at Glasgow (T. Murray 
ft Son) as Note* of an InvaUd. [J, J.] 

Anderson, John, b. in 1820 at Dum- 
barnie, Perthshire, of which parish his father, 
Dr. John Anderson, was some time minister, 
and educated at the University of St. Andrew's. 
In 1841 he was licensed as a Probationer in 
the Sootoh Church, and subsequently was 
appointed to St. John's parish, Dundee ; the 
East Church, Perth, 1849 ; and Kinnoul, 1S53. 
He has pub. The Pleasures of Home ; The Le- 
gend of GUncoe ; and Bible Incidents and their 
Lessons, 1861. 

Anderson, Maria Frances, b. in Paris, 
Franee, Jan. 30, 1819, and married to G. W. 
Anderson, Professor in the University of Lewis- 
burg, Pennsylvania. Two of her hymns are 



ANE2TE2 TPIHMETO2 



67 



given in the BaptUl Harp, 1849. Of these .— 
" Our country's voice is pleading," lias come 
into C. U. fjF. M. B.] 

AndreS, Jobann Valentin, son of Jo- 
hannes Andrea, afterwards Prelate of KSnigs- 
bronn, b. Aug. 17, 1586, at Herrenberg in 
Wurttemberg. After completing his Univer- 
sity studies, and acting for some time as a 
travelling tutor, ho was, in 1614, appointed 
diaoonua at Yaihingen, in 16*20 Deoan at 
Calw, in 1639 Court-preacher at Stuttgart, in 
1650 Prelate of Bebenh&useu, and in March, 
1654, Prehtte of Adelberg with his residence 
in Btuttgart ; d. at Stuttgart, June 27, 1654. 
Distinguished as a man of high and deep piety, 
as a church reformer, as a philanthropist, and 
as a theological writer, poetry was not one of 
the serious employments of his life, though he 
was admitted in 1646 a member of the Fruit- 
bearing Society (Koeh, iii. 151-167: Attg. 
Deutsche Biog., i. 441-4471 He wrote few 
hymns, and hardly any of tnese have kept a 
place in tlie German Hymn-Books. The only 
one translated into-English is ; — 

Edele Vab, wo Mst « gar bei uas vmtttkst. 

[Love forgotten,'] Fir«t pub. in his QeiaUiehe 
Kurtzweil, Strassburg, 1619, p. 193, in 10 st. of 
6 1. — a poem rather than a hymn. Zh as "Gene- 
rous Love ! why art thou hidden so on earth ! " 
by Miss Winkworth, 1869, p. 235. [J. M.] 

Andrew, St, of Jerusalem, JJbp. of 
Crete (660-782). b. at Damascus; be cm- 
braced the monastic life at Jerusalem, whence 
his name, as above. HewasdeputedbyTheo- 
dore, Patriarch of Jerusalem, to attend the 6th 
General Council at Constantinople (880). He 
was there ordained deacon,and became Warden 
of the Orphanage. "During the reign of 
Philippus Uarde&anes (711-714) lie was raised 
by that usurper to the Arohiepiscopatcof Crete; 
and shortly afterwards was one of the Pseudo- 
Synod of Constantinople, held under tbat 
Emperor's auspices in 712, which condemned 
the Sixth (Ecumenical Council and restored 
the Monothelite heresy. At a later period, 
however, he returned to tlie faith of the Church 
and refuted the error into which he bad fallen." 
(Keale). He died in the island of Hierissns, 
near Mitylene, about 732, Seventeen of his 
homilies are extant, the best, not unnaturally, 
being on Titus the bishop of Crete. He is 
the author of several Canons, Triodia, and 
Idiomeia; the most celebrated being The Great 
Oanon. [Oisdc ^rnooJv, § xvit. 1.1 Whether 
he was the earliest composer or Cauons is 
doubtful, but no earlier ones than his are 
extant Those ascribed to him are ; — 1. On 
the Conception of St. Anne ; 2. On the Na- 
tivity of the Mother of God ; 8. The Great 
Penitential Canon. 4. On the Raising of 
Lazarus. 5, 6, 7, 8. On the First Days of 
Holy Week. 9. Ou tlie 25th Feastday be- 
tween Easter and Pentecost. Fuller biogra- 



phical details is Diet Christ. Biog., vol, i, pp, 
L.B.J 



111-12. 



Andrews, Lancelot. [Tdm, Jamst.] 

'AveffTJjc Tpir)fi6po>;. St. Joseph the 
Bymnographer. [Attention.] This Osnon for 



68 



ANGEL OP GOD 



Ascension Day is found in the Penteeostarion, 
and was written abont the middle of the ninth 
century. It is commonly regarded as St. 
Joseph's greatest production, and places him 
high amongst the Greek sacred poets. Dr. 
Nealo remarks that "This is the crowning 
glory of the poet Joseph ; he has here with 
a happy boldness entered into the lists with 
St. John of Damascus, to whom, on this one 
occasion, he must be pronounced superior." 
(H. of (he E. C, 1st ed., p. 141.) The finest 
points of this Canon, such as the lower angels 
shouting to the higher as the LoTd asoends 
(Ode iii.) ; the wonder at the Human Body 
or the Lord (Ode iv.); and the rejoicing of 
angels and of nature, have their origin in the 
earlier Canons ; but their diamatio treatment 
by Joseph Is of greater majesty. In com- 
mon with all the festival CunonB it oonaists 
of eight Odes only. [Omsk Hjnuwlv, § xvi. 10, 
and xviii. 3.] These Odes are as follows: — 

Ode i. 'Aritmjt TpiJyiipoJ • 

11 After three days Thou didst rise." 

Ode lii. 'EmfpoTe *i\as • 

"Eialt, exalt, the heavenly gates." 

Ode It. 'Iijo-oCi j fwofoVjij ■ 

" Jesus, Lord of 'Life Eternal." 

Ode v. NtKftt&fBf top eirarov • 

<* Now that death by death hath found." 

Ode vi. 'Pavdraolu/ $/iip (Uejtff v * 

" Bain down, ye heav'ne, eternal bliss." 

Ode vil. turtirf) at, $»t * 

" Wafting Him up on high." 

Ode vlli Tip iv tutri t«mj oMtus • 

"Of twofold natures, Christ, the Giver." 

Ode ix. *ft t£c taptur. 

" Holy gift, surpassing comprehension 1 " 

The only tr. of this Canon into English is 
the above by Dr. Neale, which appeared in 
his Hymns of the Bottom Church, 1862. The 
oorcetioal arrangement of the original, derived 
probably from the alphabetical Psalms, and 
adopted to assist the memory, is reproduced by 
tho translator. Odes v.-ix. have not come 
into G. U. Of the rest, i. and iii. are given in 
Lyra Messkmiea, 1864 ; iii. in SohafPs Christ 
in Song, 1870; iv. in the People?*, 1867; and 
other collections. In the Hymnary, Ode iv. 
has an additional stanza by the Editors. 

In Dr. Neale's tr. the Theotokion (address 
to the B. V. M.) is omitted. Mr. Uatherley, 
in the 4th ed. of the Hymns of the Eastern 
Church, 1882, gives the various readings of 
the several editions of the work, together with 
music for each Ode. He also draws attention 
to the fact that Ode viii. is not by St Joseph, 
but by John the Monk [St. John of Damascus], 
whoso Canon for the Ascension is also in the 
Office, and is sung together with that of St. 
Joseph. [J. J.] 

Angel of God, wnate'er betide. C. 
Wesley. [Personal Consecration.'] Pnb. in 
Hymns am Sacred Poems, 1740, in 5 st. of 4 ]., 
and entitled "At setting out to preach the 
Gospel." It is not given in the We*. H. Bk., 
but st, i, ( iv., Ii. in the order named are in C. TJ, 
in America to a very limited extent, including 



ANGELS FBOM THE 

the Hys. of the Spirit, Boston, 1864, No, 418. 
Orig. text in P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 204. 

Angel voices ever singing. F. Pott. 
[Choir Festival] Appeared in his Hymn* 
fitted to the Order of Common Prayer, 2nd ed., 
18G6, in 5 st. of 7 1., aud from thence has 
passed into Harland, Snepp, Thring, Church 
Hymns, and others. It is one of the author's 
most successful and popular efforts. Its origi- 
nal title it " For the Dedication of an Organ, 
or for a Meeting of Choirs," Its use has 
extended 1o AmerUa, aud other English- 
speaking countries. 

Angel voice* sweetly singing, H. 
Bonar. [Heaven.] 1st pub, in the 2nd Series 
of his Hymns of F. and Hope, 1861, in 12 st 
of 4 L As given in Snepp's S. of O. and 0., 
1872, st. ii. and vii. ore omitted. Otherwise 
it is unaltered. 

Angelica Patrone, Beats BpirltuB. 
[Guardian Angels.] This hymn, of unknown 
authorship and date, is in tho Corolla 
Hymnorum, Cologne, 1806, p. 67. Daniel gives 
it without note or comment in ii. p. 376. It is 
also found in Simroek, p. 338 ; BSssler, No. 137, 
and Others. [W. A. S.] 

Translation in C. U. :— 

Sweat Angel of tunj. By E. Cm wall. It 
appeared ia his Masqat of Mary and Other 
Poems, 1858, in 8 st. of 8 1., and m'itie H. and 
Poems, 1873, p. 180. It it given in a few Rom. 
Catholic collections for Schools and Missions. 

Angels, assist to sing. [Ps. tstiviii.] 
This version of Ps. 148 appeared in the Chris- 
tian Guardian, 18U8, with tho signature 
" Theophilus." From thence it passed into a 
few collections, including the Leeds H. Bk* 
1853, in 4 st ; Hatfield's Amer. Church H. Bk., 
1872, in 2 st (i., it) and others; but its use is 
limited. [W. T. B.] 

Angels from the realms of glory. 
J. Montgomery. [Christmas.] This hymn, 
which ranks as one of the most popular or the 
author's compositions, first appeared in his Iris 
newspaper [Sheffield], Dec 24, 1816, in 5 st. 
of 6 1„ and entitled " Nativity." In the 80k 
ed. of CotterUTs SeL, 1819, It was repeated 
without alteration, and again in the 9th ed., 
1820. On its republication by Montgomery 
in his Christian Psalmist, 1825, No. 437, the 
title was, "Good tidings of great joy to all 
people," and the following changes were 
introduced :— 



to "flocks." 
sk Iv. 1. a, •'Wetting" to « WatMng.' 
T.1.3, "repeels* to '" 



at. It. 1. % " Dock 

"a, >'Wsi 

3, "repeals 



st. 



These changes (together with the new title) 
were retained in nU Originei Hymns, 1853, 
No. 239 ; and must be regarded as the autho- 
rised text. By many compilers the closing 
stanza: — 

" Sinners, wrong with true repentance, 
Dotna'd lor guilt to endleet peine," 6& 

has been, in some instances, omitted, and in 
others a doxology has been substituted. That 
given in A Hymn Book for the Service* of the 



the Ben-bora King." 



ANGELS FBOM TOCB 

Chunk, fte., by the Bev. I**" Gregory Smith, 
1855, reads:— 

" Lord of heaven, we idem Thee, 
God the Father, God to* Son, 
God the flphtt. One In glory, 
On the imt eternal throne. 

HeUalnjeh* 
Lofd of biaven, Three In One." 

Another found in the SalMurg Hymn Soak, 

1857, and others, including the S. P. C. K, 
CStunA fiimm* and Taring's CoB., is :— 

"Saints and uuels Join In pMustng 
Thee; lite Father, Spirit, Sour 
Evermore theft Totee* raising 
To the eternal Time In One. 

Come ye, 
Worditp Christ, 

Of the first four stanzas a rendering into 
Latin :— " Angeli, sancta region* lncis," by 
the Bev. B. Bingham, appealed in his Bvmno. 
Cbritt. Lot, 1871, pp. 79-81. 

The use of this hymn in various forms in 
English-speaking countries is extensive, ab- 
breviation* being the rale. Amongst Ame- 
rican Hymnals, tbn JBjpnme of the Church, 
1869, and the Bopt Ptaite Bh., 1871, give the 
full revised and authorised text of 1825 and 

1858. [J. J.] 

Angels from your blissful stations, 
W. H. Bathvrtt. [The Second Advent] 
Printed in 1819 in his Metrical Muring*, 
entitled "The Second Advent," pp. 34-85. 
It is in 5 st. of 6 1, and was included un- 
altered in Snepp's 8. of 6. d O., 1872, where 
it is dated 1831 In error. [W. T. B.] 

Angaitf roll the rock away. T. Scott. 

[Be*urreetion and Ateenrion.'] Contributed to 
Ash & Evans's Bristol Baptist Ceil., 1769, as 
No. 108, where it is headed " The Besurrec- 
tion and Ascension." It is in 6 st. of 4 ]., 
each st being followed by ** Hallelujah," and 
is signed " G.," the signature of Thomas Gib- 
bon*; in the 2nd ed. it was signed " TJ," i,e. 
" unknown," but in later editions, the 8rd, 
1778, the signature was Dr. 8., and the 5th 
1786, Dr. So— ft In this form it passed 
through Bippon's Bapt. Set., 1787, into C. TJ. 
both in Q. Britain and America, and these sts., 
more or less altered, axe still in extensive use. 
In 1773, T. Scott republished the hymn in 
his Lyric Poems, Ac,, as No. 14, with a new 
first verse, 

" Trembling earth gave awful sign," 

and the " Hallelujah " following each line of 
the lstst.,and with several alterations. Sot- 
field (Amer.) follows this 1778 test. 

In 1775, Dr. Thomas Gibbons sent on 
altered version of the hymn to the GotpA 
Mag., where it appeared in the Sept. number 
in 9 st. of 4 1. This with further alterations 
was included in 1784 in his Synmt adapted 
to Divine Wonhip, as No. 60, where he notes it 
hb — " Altered and enlarged from an H in 
Messrs. Asii & Evans's OoL, p. 109." The 
confusion which has arisen respecting the 
authorship of this hymn is thus accounted 
for. Its use in one or another of its various 
forms is very extensive, and especially in 
America. An altered form of st i., iv. t and v. 
has been rendered into Latin — " Angeli, 



ANGELUS SILESIUS 69 

ropem lemovete ; magnam," by the Bev. B, 
Bingham, and pub. in his HymnoL, CkrUt, 
Lot* 1871, p. 109. Aa Scott's original text 
is most difficult to acquire, we reprint it from 
the 1769 ed, of A*h &Bwn*i— 

"HnHCTi. Ptadta? Mature." 
" I*e JtemrrecMm oad Atcauttm." 
"Angel*, toll the Book away, 

Death, yield up thy might; Prey. 

Seel He rates from the Tomb, 

Slowing with Immortal Bloom. 
'■ HalleUvMh. 

"Tie the Saviour. Angela ralas 
Fune'i eternal Tramp of Fralae t 
~ " 'i remotest! 



Let the Earth's i 
Hear the Jcy-iniptring Sound. 
"Hallelojeh. 

"Now ye Saints, lift np your Ryes 

Now to Glory see Hhn rise. 

In long Triumph up the Sky, 

Up to welting worlds on high. 
" Hallelujah. 
" Heaven displays her Portals wide, 

Glorfows Hint, thnmgh them ride ; 

King of Glory, mount Thy Throne, 

Thy great Father's and Thy Own. 
"Hjllelujih. 

* Praise Him ell ye heavenly Cbolra, 
Praise, and sweep your golden Lyrea ; 
Shoot, Bartli, In mptniwie Bong, 
Let the Strains he sweet and strong. 
"HaltehUsb. 
" Every Note with Wonder swell. 
Bin o erthrown, and captlv'd Hell i 
Where is Hell'i once dreaded King t 
Where, Death, thy mortal Sting r 
-Hallelujah," 

[W. T. B.] 

Angela round the throne are prais- 
ing. Elitabeih Parson. [PraiteJ] A beauti- 
ful liymn of praise for children. It is No. 
xvii. of her WUling-Clait Hymnt, written in 
1840-44, and afterwards pnntod for private 
circulation, 

Angela that high in glory dwell 
J. Wail*. [Agaimt Swearing, dc."] 1st pub. 
in his Divine Song* for Children, 1715, in 6 st. 
of 4 ]., and entitled "Against swearing and 
cursing, and taking God's name in vain." Its 
modern use is limited, and In the Meth. F. C. 
S. S. E. BK No. 228, it is slightly altered. 

Angela where'er we go attend. 
C TParfejf. [Mtnittry of Angel*.'] IVo centos 
beginning with this stanza are in C. V. as fol- 
lows: (1) Mercer, Ox. ed. App. 1873, No. 532 
ThiB is compiled fiom the hymn "Which of 
the petty Kings of earth," by.C. Wesley, which 
was included from his MSB. in Dr. Leifehild's 
Oritu Htnrme, 1842, in 12 st. of 4 I., and again 
in the P. Work* of J. & C. Wedey, 1868-72, 
vol. xiii. pp. 118-119, in 6 st. of 8 1., and 
based on Heb. i. 14. The arrangement in 
Mercer is — st i. is Wesley ill., 1, 1-4; ii. is 
Wesley L, 1. 5-8; iii. and iv. are Wesley 
v. ; and v. and vi. are Wesley vi. (2) The 
second cento is in the American Dutch Re- 
formed .Hot. of the Church, 2?. Y. 1869, thua ; 
at. i. and ii., as in Merecr, slightly altered ; iii. 
is Wesley i., 1. 1-4 ; and iv. is lines 5-8 of si vi. 
of Wesley's hymn, "Ye simple souls that 
stray." (q. v.) 1747. 

Angelua Bilesiua. [Bcheflsr, Tthaaa.] 



70 



ANIMA CHBISTI 



Anima Christi sanctifies, me. [Holy 
Cfomntunion.'] The author of this hymn is 
unknown, and the earliest date to which it 
has been assigned is the 14th cent. It is 
found in the very rare -Retires a Linage de 
Lent/ret. InvprimeT a Troues efcez Jean le Coq, 
without year or pagination. It is also in 
the Horttilas Animas, Lyons, 1516; and 
1519; Itatnbach, i. p. 360, and Daniel, i, No. 
498. 

In the last it is included among the hymns 
■written by unknown authors, before the 16th 
cent., and not inserted by authority in the 
Offices of any Breviary or Missal. Daniel 
also gives an additional intercession from the 
Lengres Hours, which has been ascribed to 
Ignatius de Loyola. As he was born in 1491, 
and did not embrace a religious life until 1521, 
this ascription is certainly an error. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Prose iet, of both forms as in Daniel arc 
given in many Roman and Anglican books of 
devotion. Of the first form there is : — " Soul of 
Christ, sanctifyme,"mthe Treasury of Devotion, 
18(59, p. 6; and of the second, with the same 
first line, in Shipley's Divine Liturgy, 4th ed., 
187S, p. 1. 

t, Sonl of Jesus, make me holy. This Is a 
metrical paraphrase and expansion of the origi- 
nal in €0 lines. It appeared anonymously in 
the Old Porch, April, 1855, and passed through 
the Lyra Eueharisttea, 1863, p. 106, into a few 
Roman Catholic Collections for Schools and Mis- 
sions, but usually in an abbreviated form. Given 
in the Irvingifce Hys.for the Use of the Churches, 
2nd ed., 1871, No. 301, as " Heart of Jesus, make 
me holy," and is there attributed to " J. W. 
Chadwick." Chndwick's, however, is the shorter 
form noted below. Another arrangement of this 
tr. is, " Blood of Jesns; stream of life." No. 85 
of Hys. for use at St. Ethelburga's, liishopsgate, 
London, 18T5. 

5. Sonl ef Jesus, ease tot me. By M. Bridges. 
This is also a paraphrase of the original. It was 
pub. in his Hymns of the Heart, 1849, in 6 st. of 
6 1. It was included in Shipley's Divine Liturgy, 
1862; Lyra Encharistica, 1863, p. 171; aiid, 
reduced to 4 st., in the People's II., 1367. 

4. Sonl of Jesus, main me pun. By J. W. 

Chadwick, pub. iu the People's It., 1867, No. 558, 
in £ st. of 6 1. 

o. Bonl of Christ, my coal make pure. By E, A. 
Dftytnan, made for and 1st pub. iu the Hymnary, 
1872, No. 443, in 2 st. of 8 1. It is translated 
somewhat freely from the original. 

6. Soul of Christ, he my satisfaetioa. Anon, In 
Card. Newman's Hys. for ike Uec of tke Bir- 
mingham Oratory, 1875. 

T. Soul of my Saviour, sanetlfy my breast, Is in 
the St. Qeorgtfs H. Bk., for use iu St. George's 
Romaa Catholic Cathedral, Soisthwark, 1882, 
No, 33, ed. by the Uev. Joseph Reeks. 

8. Sanctify me wholly, Soul of Christ adored. 
By T. I. Ball, An imitation of the Latin, given 
in the 6th ed. of the Appendix to the Hymnal &,, 
1877, No,3. r )8, in 3 st, of 4 1. [V,] 

This hymn has also been Tendered into German, 
and thence again into English: — 



ANNUE CHRISTE 

Ufa Basis Chiisti hoiTgo mien. A free tr., in 5 

st. of 4 1., by Johann Schemer. No .13,inBk.ii., 
1657, of his Heitige Seelenlust, p. 169 CWerhe, 
1863, i. p. 106). Included as No, 80 in freyling- 
kavsen's G. B., 1704, and recently as No. 233 
in the Berlin 0. L. &, ed. 1863. The only tr. 
in C. U. is, ."Thy Seat, Jesus I hallow me," 
good and fall, by M. Loj, as No. 231 in the Ohio 
Euth. Hymnal, 1880. 

The other trt. have much in common. (1) "Thy 
Soul, my Jesn I hallow mine," in the Sapp. ta Qemuxn 
FlaimBin, ed. lies, p. 16, and Select H. from German 
Psalmody, Trenqueber, IIU, p. 34. (j|)"Je&u,ThyBoul 
renew my own/' In the Wesley Pi. <m<t ttyi., ITal 
(P. W. 1689-ti, vol. 11. p. IS}. (3) "The Sonl of 
Christ me sanctify," as No. IS* in the Jforavian M. Bk., 
I)4S. In Use altered to "Lord Jesus, sanctify Thou 
me," and repeated thus In later eds. [J, M. j 

Anna Sophia, dan. of the Landgrave 
Georg IL of Hesse-Darmstadt, was b. at 
Marburg, Dec 17, 1638. Carefully educated, 
especially in Holy Scripture and the Christian 
Faftiers, she was in 1657 elected Probstin of 
the Lutheran Fursten-T&ehter-Btift at Qued- 
linburg, where she became Abbess 1680, and 
died Dec: 13, 1683 (Kooh, iu. 549^554; 
Stromherger's preface, Aw.). 

Her hvmns, contemplations on the union of the 
sonl with Christ, in the spirit of the Canticles, 
mostly appeared in her devotional work : — 

Der Trtut Sedtn-Frtund tivrUtas Jems mit mu& 
denMichen Sinto-GtmlUUdtn, anmuthigen Lehr-Ge- 
dfchten vnd fieuen geistrelchtn Gestagen, oopedruckf 
und voroetttttet, Jena, 1SSS. The only one tr. Into 
English is WiU don der Ann* licbtt {Holy ScripWre], 
her best hynm, 1S3B, Appx. p. 3S. The trt. are: m 
" How happy they, who know and love," by Dr. £f. 
Walker, Issa, p. 81. (S) "What joy to love the 
Saviour," In the BrititK Beroid, Nov. 1SSS, p. SS3, 
repeated as Ho. 433 In Betd's Proite Bk^ 1811. 

[J.M.] 

Annl poractifl mensibtiB. [FPjWsub- 
tide.'i In the Latin Hys. of the Anglo-Saxon 
Oh. (Snrtees Society), 1851, p. 95, it is quoted 
from the Durham MB. of the 11th cent as a 
hymn for Pentecost, at Matins, in 5 st. of 4 1. 
It is also in an 11th cent. us. in the Brit, Mw. 
(Vesp. D. xii. f. 81). Tr. by J. D. Chambers, 
iu his Lauda Syon, 1857, in 5 st of 4 1, as 
"A year's swift months have passed away." 
It was repeated in Skinner's Daily Service 
Hymnal, 1861, No. 146. 

Auntie Christe Baeculonrm Domine, 

[Cowman of Apoeths.J This hymn is of un- 
known authorship. Its full form consists of 
four geni-rnl stanzas, and nine stanzas proper 
of saints. 

It Is found ia three wss. of the 11th cent, tn the Brititk 

Jfit«Km(Hirl. SMI, f. MS, IT.; Jul. A. vi. So, b. ff. ; Vesp. 
D. xll. SB, b). In the Durham us. of the lltb cent, 
(printed as Latin Hyt. ef the Angto-Saxnn OSurck, laai, 
p. 124), the four general stsnas are added to " Jam 
bone pistor Petre" (pt. of "Aurea luce," q.v.). The 
full form fs in Mojte, ]No. sas, from a ISth cent. Irs. 
beginning w ita the stanza to St. Andrew, " Andreas pie," 
fbflowed by 9 sts. proper of the festivals of SS. James ; 
James and John; Philip; Bartholomew; Thomas; 
Matthew ; Simon and Thaddeus i and Matthias ; and con 
eluding -with 4 general starass. In the York Sw. the 
4 general ecanias (" Annae Christe ") are given as the 
hymn at Vespers at tbc Festival of an Apostle or 
Apostles, except In Eastertide. Also at Vespers snd 
Matins occasionally. In the Sarin* Bre v. with ths same 
exception. Daniel, 1., No. Mtglves only fbur lines. 
The &irum Brte. text is also in Card. Newman'e Jrjrnii 
Etxlaiae, 1S3S. [ J. M.] 



ANfleEN, IIAP8EN01 

Translations In C. U. : — 

1. O Christ, Hum Lard of -world*, Thins mi. 
By J. M. KaAt. Pub. in the enlarged ed. of th« 
Hymnal lf„ 1854, No. T5, in 4 st. of 8 1., from 
whence it ha* passed into a few collections. In 
the 8LSaphaer» Call-, 1880, special stanzas were 
introduced after the Sarum manner (these 
added stanzas fire all original) for S3. Andrew, 
Thomas, John and James, Matthias, Peter, Bar- 
tholomew, Matthew, and Simon and Jude, and 
some of these were repeated in Skinner's Daily 
Servkt Hymnal, ISM, with additional verses for 
St Barnabas and for SS. Philip and James, the 
latter altered from Bp. Wordsworth's hymn on 
that festival in his Holy Year, " Blest be, Lord, 
the grace of Love." It is altered in the Hymntxry, 
1872, to "0 Christ, Thou Lord of alt." 

>. Baler of tke efts, Christ, we now implore 

Thee. By R. F. Littledale, made for and 1st pub. 
in the People's H., 1807, No. 196, in 4 rt. of 4 1., 
and signed " F. R." . 

S, Ruler of ages, Christ, Touoaute to bow Thine 
ear. From the Antiphow and Qrait, 1880, and 
repeated in the Hymner, 1882. In the same 
books the varying verses of Sarum use are also 
translated. 

Translation* not in C, U* !— - 

1. Vouchsafe, Christ High Lord, 4c. Blew, 1883. 
1. Christ, Thou Lord of worlds. Bestow, fee 
/. D. Ousmbert, ISM. FT.] 

*Ava$ev, wapBevot, j3atjj eyeptrl' 
VGKpos 'Syos. St. Methodius. ThlB hymn 
is found in The Banquet of the T™ Virgins, 
and is reprinted in the Anth. Or. Car. ChritL, 
1671. From the latter work it was trans- 
lated by A, W, Chatfleld, for hia Songs and 
Hymns, &e., 1876, pp. 141-158, where it is 
given as "The Virgins' Bong." No portion 
of this tine rendering has come into common 
uso. A cento or two might be compiled there- 
from with ease. lis structure, character, 4c, 
are fully described in Greek Eynutodv, § x. 2, 
q.v. Tha opening line of Mr. Chatfield's tr. is, 
"Tho Bridegroom eometh, overhead." 

Another called, another brought, &o. 
Frances B. Havergnl. [Praise.] "Written 
at Leamiugton, June 30, 1872. This hymn 
literally expresses F. R. H.'s thrill of praise, 
when her own prayers and conversations re- 
sulted in her friend (A. B.) enrolling ' on our 
Captain's side.' 'Another life to live for 
Thee, another witness won ! ' " (" hav, was.") 
It wns first printed in The Christian, July 11, 
1872, and then pnb. in lier Under the Surface, 
mi, M\d Life Mosaic, 1879, in 11 st. of 4 1. 

Another day begun ! J. EUerton. 
[Tuesday.] Written Feb. 13, 1871. Appeared 
in the Faritk Magazine for May, 1871, as one 
of three « Week Day Hymns," in 5 st of 4 1, 
and appointed for Tuesday. During the fame 
year it was included in Church Hymns, No. 58, 
with st ii., 1. 3, "sinful soil" changed to 
"puilty soil," and at v. altered from Iho ori- 
ginal, which rend :— 

" Another day of grace ! 
To bring us on our way. 
One step towards our resting-place, 
The en&leu SubbaUwtoy.'^ 

In I8B2 the revised text was repeated in 



ANOTHER WEEK 



71 



Turing's Obit., with st ii. 1. 3 re-written " And 
let not sin our conscience soil," by the editor. 
Authorised text in Church Hymns. 

Another day has past along. J. Ed- 
mesfon. [Sunday Evening.} In his Cottage 
Minstrel, 1821, a hymn of 4st. appeared with 
the above first line, as No. 2, and headed 
" Lord, teach us to may," while, as No. 10, 
"The Cottager's Reflections noon the Sabbath 
Evening," another hymn of 5 st., " Sweet is 
the light of Sabbath eve," was given. In 
Hatfield's Amer. Church H. Bk^ 1872, a cento 
from these was given as No. 48, consisting of 
at. i. of the first-named hymn, and st. i., ii., 
lit. and v. of the latter, with slight alterations. 

fW. T. B.] 

Another portion of the span. Char- 
lotte Elliott. [Saturday Eve.] From her 
Hytiva for a TPeefc, 1839, in 9 at. of 6 1., into 
Sneppfa Songs of Q. and G„ 1872, No. 905. 

Another six days' work Is done. J. 

Stennett. [Sunday.'] This poem " On the 
Sabbath " appeared as one of his " Miscellany 
Poems," in his Works, 17:12, vol. iv. pp. 231- 
234, in 14 st of 4 1 In its full form it is un- 
known to any hymnal : bnt centos therefrom 
are in modern collections, nearly all begin- 
ning with the iirst stanza as above : — 

1. A cento in « st. in the BriBtol Baptist CM. of Ash 
and Evans, 1J69, from whence it hue passed through a 
series of Baptist Hymnals to the Bapt. Pt, and Jfymnt, 
IB68, So. SIS, and other modem collections. It Is 
composed of st, 1., x„ il., xil., and xiii., with a stoma 
introduced as the second, u Come, bless the Lord, whose 
lave assigns," fee., the authorship of -which has not 
been traced. The cento, "Come, bless the Lord," Ac., 
In Stowell's Sel. r 1831-77, Is compiled from the Bapt. 
Pi. & Hyi. text. 

2. Another cento wSich was given in WilllamB 
and Baden's Coll., 1S01, No. 4S1, and thence through 
various collections to the JMds Jl. hit., 1S53, tlie Sum 
Cong., Ho. T63, and others. It Is the above cento with 
theamtsalon of the original st. xii-, ** With Joy," fee. 

3. A third cento, in Blckersteth's C&rittian Pttdwwdy, 
less, No, 280, in a st„ being t„ x., and xiii. of the origi- 
nal, and the added stanu, " Came, bless the Laid," fee,, 
as io Ho. 1., Is sometimes repeated in modern collections. 

4. A fourth is given in Hirland's Ck. Ptalter, No. W, 
Wlndle's Metrical Ptalter, fee, No. IS, and others. It 
UcomrpoBSd of Sttimett't st. 1., i., xi., andxlli. 

B. The last cento is repeated In the Islington Pt. and 
Hyt., 1863, No. 36), with the omission of st. si. of the 
original. 

6. A sixth cento, beginning, " Again our weekly 
labours end," and consisting of st, I., x„ xi„ and xiii. of 
stennett, re-written for Cotteriil's Set., 1810, No. M, iri 
given in seTeral collectioDB, Did and new. 

f. The seventh cento beglob, "Another week its 
course has run." It is a slightly altered form of Ste»- 
nettU st. i., x., xi., and xiii., and la included In the 
lAmttte School Coll. 

Most of these centos are in C. IT. in America 
and cither English-speaking countries. 

[J. J.] 

Another week begins. T. Kelly. [San- 
day.] 1st pub. in his ifjntns, 2nd ed,, 180G, 
and again, 3rd ed., 1809. In 1812 it was 
transferred to his Hyim* adapted for Social 
Worship. Subsequently, in common with the 
rest of the hymns therein, it was again 
embodied in the original work. It ia in 8 st 
of 4 1,, and based upon Ps, cxviii. 24. In the 
American hymnals it is re-written, the change 
being from s.m, to o.m. It also varies con- 
siderably in the number of stanzas used from 
3 in the Cliurch Praise Bh., N. Y., 1881, to 



72 



ANOTHER WEEK 



& in Hatfield's Ch. H. m., 1872. In the latter 
form it begins, "And now another week 

■begins," 

Another week for ever gone. {Sunday.] 
An anonymous hymn in Rippon's Comprehen- 
sive P». and Hy»., 1844, Ho. 343, pt, It., in 
3 at at 41. 

Another week has passed away. IT. 
S. Baihurtt. [Sunday.'] 1st pub. in his Ps. 
and Hymns, &c„ 1831, No. 129, in A st. of 4 1., 
nnd entitled "Saturday Evening." It is also in 
Bickersteth'sCnruf. Psalmody, 1833 and 1841, 
nnd others. As given in Kennedy, 1843, No. 
865, slight alterations have beau introduced. 
Oris, text as above. It has bean rendered into 
Latin as, A'oWs nunc iterum prteterit hebdoma», 
by the Rev. B. Bingham, aid inclnded in his 
Ht/mnol. Christ. Lat. 1871. 

Another year has now begun. 

C. Wordsworth, Bp. of Lincoln. [Neu> Year.'] 
let pub. in his Holy Year, let oil., 18G2, No. 
14, for " New Year's Day," and consists of 9 
et. of 4 1, Orig. text in later editions. The 
cento in Snoop's Song* of Q. & G. is composed 
of ii. i., ill., v., viii., vii. and iv, and that in 
Barry's r*.# Hys, 18C7,of sf.i.-iii.,v.,viii.,ix. 

Another year has passed away. 

[0. and -Y. Year.] An anonymous hymn in 
the Meth. S. S. H. Bit., 1879, the Mttlt. Free 
Ch, S. S. H. Bk. and others. In some oollue- 
tions it is attributed to '' Allen," and in others 
it iB said to bo " American." Wo havo failed 
in scouring authority for either statement, 

Another year hath fled, renew. 

A. T. Unwell. [0. and N. Year.] Written 
Nov. 20, 1850 (a. jjss.), und 1st pub. in his 
Psalms and Hymns, &c., 1851, No. 63, in 3 st. 
of 8 1. In 1663 it was republished in 
Kennedy, No. 140, in a slightly altered form, 
bntinrferin(r'»Co«.,1882, Ho. 130, tho original 
text is restored with the exception of st. i., 
1.1, has for hath, and the repetition of the last 
line of each stanza which was repeated in tho 
original to suit the tune to which the hymn 
was written. Willi the first line as " Another 
year has fled, runew," it is also in use in 
Canada, and other English-speaking countries. 

Another year ia dawning. Frances 

B. Haveraal. [New Year.] Written in 1874 
for the ornamental leaflets and cards pub. by 
Caswell, 1875. It was subsequently included 
in her work. Under the Surface, 1874, and Life 
Chords, 1880. It is in G st. of 4 1. [iuv. jibs.] 

Anstioe, Joseph, m.a., s. of William 
Anatice of Madcley, Shropshire, h. 1808, and 
educated at Eninorc, near Bridgwater, West- 
minster, and Ch. Church, Oxford, where he 
gained two English prizes and graduated as a 
double-first. Subsequently, at file ago of 22, 
he became Professor of Classical Literature at 
King's Coll., London ; d, at Torquay, Feb. 29, 
1831), aged 28. His works include Biehard 
Cceur de Lion, a. prize poem, 1828 ; The In- 
fluence of the Roman Conquest upon Literature 
and the Arts in Home (Oxford prize Essay) ; 
Selections from the Choice Poetry of tlu GreeJt 



ANTTPHON 

Dramatic Writer*, translated into English 
Perse, 1632, Ac. His hymns were printed a 
few months after his death, as : — Hymns by the 
late Joseph Anstiee, M.A, formerly Student of 
Christ Church, Oxford, and Professor of Clas- 
sical Literature, Sing's College, London, Bridg- 
water, 183G, and thus introduced : — 

" As none or the following Hymns bad the advantage 
of being oorrected and prepsred for the press by their 
lamented Author, his family have not considered them- 
•elves at liberty to bring them before the public i hot, 
having reason to believe taut a targe circle of surviving 
friends will be gratified by possessing a memorial or 
the manner la which tome of bis leisure hoars wen 
employed, and of the subjects which chiefly occupied 
hla thoughts, during the last few months of bt* life, 
they have consented to their being printed for private 
distribution.— Bridgwater, June, 1838." 

This work contains 52 hymns on various 
subjects, together with a poem " To my Hymn 
Book." The circumstances under which they 
were written are thus detailed by Mrs. Anstioe 
in a communication to the Eev. Josiah Miller, 
author of Singers and Songs of the Church : — 

" The hymns were all dictated to his wife during the 
last few weeks of hie life, and wen composed Just at 
the period of the day (the afternoon) wben he felt the 
oppression of his Illness— all lib brighter morning hours 
being given to pupils up to Ihe very day of his death." 
— S, £ 8., p. 495. 

A few of tho hymns arc of a joyful 
character, but tho circumstances under which 
they were written account for the prevailing 
tone of sadness by which they are chiefly 
characterized. About one half of these 
hymns wero included by Mrs. Yonge in her 
Child's Cliristian Year, 1841. Being thus 
brought before the public, many soon camo 
into (J. IT. Those in most extensive use are : 
"Father, by Thy love and power;" "In all 
thinga-liko'Thy brethren, Thou;" "Lord of 
the harvest, once again ;" and, " O Lord, how 
happy should wo bo." ' [J. J.] 

Anthologia Davidioa, or a Metrical 
Translation of the whole Book of Psalms, &c, 

by Presbyter Ciccstrensis [the Rev. Henry 
Latham], Lond., Rivington, 1840. This work 
contains an excellent critical Preface, a long 
but imperfect list of Psalters and Partial 
Versions of the Psalms, and 139 extracts 
from 31 authors. The selection, although on 
the whole good, is weakened by numerous 
alterations. Some amends arc made, however, 
by an appendix of original readings. A 
limited number of the older renderings of 
individual Psalms have passed iuto modern 
hymnals through this work. 

Antiphon (Or. 'Avrl^cevov ; Lat. Anti- 
fona.~). i. This word now ordinarily denotes a 
short yersiclo said at the beginning and close 
of a Psalm or Psalms in tho Breviary Offices. 
But it has also borne tho following meanings, 
which are not yet entirely obsolete : — 

1. A Hymn or realm snng juitiphonally— that is to 
say, alternately by two Bides of a choir, Instead of being 
recited by a single voice, or sung respansorially by the 
Prlestajid choir or congregation. Ignatius, third Itlshop 
of Antioch in $yrls, Is said to have first introduced this 
mode of singing into the Church's services, after a 
vision in which he hoard and saw angels so praising the 
Blessed Trinity (Amalurius^ile .Bodes. WjBc.lv. n. The 
custom was transferred thence into Western Christendom 
by St. Ambrose, into his own diocese of Milan, whence it 
spread into more general use (Babanus Manrua, Dt 
Inttit. Cleric, 11. SO). 



ANTIPHON 

t. A sentence of Holy Scripture, or an original com- 
tnalthm, sung by itself without reference-to w Psalm. 
The sentence, •* I heart a voice from heaven, &»., In 
tbe Anglican Burial Office, may be referred to as an 
Instance of this, nod similar examples occur In tbe Am- 
bnielan nod JJoMroblc OAlcea for tbe Dead. tBrevho; 
Both., Mlgne's edit. p. Ssx.) 

3. Certain portions of realms, or Sentences, generally 
bat not always taken from Scripture, and Introduced 
Into tbe Liturgy. Tbe old name tor tbe Introlt was 
"Autlpbona ad Introltum," tbe last two words being 
frequently understood and not expressed. Tbe " OBer- 
tortum" and "Commnnk*" ware likewise regarded as 
Antiphons. So were tbe short sentences introduced 
before tbe Gospel, as " Gloria In excels)* Deo, et In terra 
pax. Alleluia, Alleluia " before tbe Gospel on Christmas 
lloy In tbe Milanese and some French Uses (Msrt. Dt 
Btxlet. Kit. Lib. iv. cap. xtt. f saBtiiJ. Various Com- 
munion Sentences or Antipboni are provided In tbe 
Gttoiitm Saeramentarf (Muratori, Ltt. Hon. Yet. p. 
M8\ Stout Miual (H(. 4 Jiff.. 0/ Oitie Ckurvh, p. U j> 
and other ancient Service Books, Hartene speaks of on 
"Antipbona ad Ettcbarlsttam," commencing with the 
words " Venite popnll," in tbe l&ens Miual (u< supra). 
In ihe Greek Liturgy of Constantinople (he Introlt con- 
sisted of three separate parls, each called an " Antl- 
phonon," and consbiting of partly variable, partly In- 
variable elements (Bdwtmond, Lit B, <* IT. p. v%). An 
exact description of these Greek Antiphons wilt be 
fbnml in Dr. NeaVsHoly Eastern Cnnrcb (mtnd- i. Mi). 

4. A Sentence extracted or adapted from the Psalms or 
from some other source, and prefixed to each Psalm or 



ANTIPHON 



73 



group or Psalms, and repeated at tbe close. Tbe rales 
regulating their nse are very intricate, and have varied 
at different times and in different countries. The ral»s 



regulating their present nse in tbe Latin Church msy bo 
found at the commencement of the Human srariary. 
There existed formerly great diocesan variety of word- 
ing, as well ss of usage, of which Amatsrius makes 
complaint at tbe commencement of bis work, 1H Ordiw 
AntijAonarii. 

ii. In the I5tl> century we find the following 
varieties in tbe Antiphon to tlio Psalms at 
Teree, in the Little Office of the S. V. M. :— 

Hula vligo assmnpta est (Jtome). 

Qnindo natue es (Atrmt). 

1 ignore me laudare (Fori!). 

Tota pulcsm (&*J). 

Itubnm quem vlderat Moynea (Laiagtt'). 

In odorem unguentorum (Orleans). 

Almavlrgo alarla (Cnnbraf). 

The list might he extended, and similar lists 
drawn up to almost any number, Antiphons 
were also prefixed to the prayers or suffrages 
of special memoriao (jSanm Ere*. Beprint, 
pp. vii.-xL). 

iii. Among special Antiphons the following 
deserve separate mention ; — 

1. The * Antlpbons of the B. V. II. appended to the 
Homon Compline. Fartheseseo *■ Alma kedemptorls " : 
"Ave Begins" ; •• ReglnaOueU" ; and " Salve Bcglna.' 1 

3. The 1 greater Antlpbons, lor use at Vespers in 
Advent, beginning en Dec. 11. They are oil double— 
thut is to ear, sung entire both before and after tbe 
Magnificat. Their use Is indicated by tbe wonla "0 
Sapient!* " placed against Dec 1 ft in the Book of Cotnmou 
Prayer. Their opening words are these : — 

1. Sapientla, quae ex are atttsalinl. 

2. O Aaenay et dux dornns Israel. 

3. Radix Jesse qui staa in slgnuna. 

4. Clavts David et Bceptmm domus. 

5. Orlens, splendor lucts aetemae. 
». O Bex gentium et dteWeratue. 

1. O Emanuel, rex et lezh*er. 
To wbldt Amalarlus (Lib. de OriL Anttyk. cap. IS) adds 
•n stb, which Is fouud In the Sarum sod York and 
Hereford Breviaries:—* 

8. O Virgo vlrglnum quatnodo net. 
The Sarum Breviary also adds a sth Antlpbon :— 

>, Thorn* Didyme, per Chrietnm quern. 
Tbe substance of ft of the above Antlpbons Is ex- 
pressed to Irregular order In tbe Hymn, translated and 
arranged by Dr. Nealf, H come, O come, Emmanuel. 1 ' 

Iv. Tlie mystical meanings of Antiphons, 
and of their frequency, and of the mode of 
repenting them, nrc explained by Hugo U S. 



Victor, Speculum Eedetiae, cap. 8. Originally 
they were always sung whole before and after 
each Psalm, always having also certain vsr- 
sicles attached to them. Sometimes they were 
sung twice, and sometimes before each verse 
of a Fsalm or Oantiele. An instance of a 
Magnificat with an Antiphon intercalated be- 
tween all.the verses is printed by Martene(Ife 
Antiq. Eedet. Rit. Lib. iv. cap. 4v.}. Many 
minute points are discussed at length by the 
ritualists, e.g. why the "Alleluia" which 
closes the Anliphons to the Psalms in the 
third noctum of Feasts of the Apostles is 
omitted on the Feast of St. John the Baptist, 
Ac. (AmsAaiiuB,Lib.deOTd{neAntiplHm 1 c.59). 

v. Books, Services, and Seasons were some- 
times named after the opening words of Anti- 
phons. The Gradual was once known as the 
" Ad te levari," from the first words of the Anti- 
pbona, " ad Introitutn," for the First Sunday in 
Advent (Leofrie Miual, p. xxii,). Vespers 
for the Deod were called Placebo, from the 
Antiphon of the first Psalm : and Matins for 
the Dead were called Dirige, from the corre- 
sponding Antiphon in that service. Sundays 
and other days were called after the opening 
words of their Introits, as the First Sunday in 
Lent Invoeavit me; the Second Sunday in 
Lent Metninitcere, and so forth. [F. IS, W.] 

The Antiphons which have been rendered 
into English for use in public worship are the 
above seven greater Antiplious for nse at Ves- 
pers in Advent, These tr. are usually con- 
fined to the first seven, and are both in prose 
and metre. Taking the prose renderings first, 
we liave the following : — 

1. Cms* Translations. 

Of the Antiphons to the Magnificat in the 
.Roman Brwiury, prose versions into English 
exist in the Vesper Books and Primers of that 
communion ; and an. adaptation of these has been 
issued for the use of English Churchmen. 

Of the &runt Antiphons, translations of those 
to the Benedicts, Magnificat, and Smc Dimittis, 
will be found in the AntiphimcrandQrail, parts i, 
and ii., 1880, and with the addition of those to 
the Psalms in J. D. Chambers's Plotter; or. 
Seven fours 0/ Prayer, 1852 ; his Order 0/ 
Household Devotion, 1854 ; and also in the Day 
Hoars of the CAwcA of England, and other 
books issued for the use of sisterhoods and other 
communities. Hitch information on the whole 
subject may be found in Dr. Neale's JOisaye on 
Ziturgiology, 2nd edition, 18C8, and in Neale 
and littledale's Commentary on the Pealme, 
1860-74, 4 vols. 

Of the seven greater Antiphons, or the Os, 
the earliest tr. for Anglican use was made by 
Cardinal Newman for JVoefs for the Timet, 
No. 75, in 1836, bat this Is not in C. U. An- 
other fr., given in the St. Saviour's (Leeds) 
Stored ifymns and Anthemt, 1846, met with 
more favour, being repeated in K. Campbell's 
St. Andrea'* Hymnal, 1850 ; Murray's H ytnmtt, 
1852 ; in H. and Introits in the same year ; and 
with the alteration of a word or two, and the 
addition of No. vijt., In the enlarged ed. of the 
Hymnal Koted, 18M. The seven m in Murray are 
retained in tbe ihtrou') prefixed to some editions 
of Bymm A. $ M. 



74 



ANTTFHON 



ft, Xetrloal Translations. 

1. An early metrical rendering of the se- 
parate Antiphons wai made by Canon William 
Cooke, and appeared in the Cooke and Denton 
Hymnal of 1853. Canon Cooke's account of the 
same is: "Where it was possible, the translator 
and arranger (who was William Cooke), took 
tbe words of Mr. A. J. Beresford Hope's tt: of 
the hymn ' Veni, Venj, Emmanuel, 1 in the Hymnal 
N. ; retaining the prayer of the Prose Anthem 
for the Advent of Christ." The opening line of 
each Antiphom is : i. "0 Wisdom, who o er earth 
below ; " it. " Ruler and Lord, draw nigh, draw 
nigh ; " iii. " Rod of Jesse's stem, arise ; " it. 
"Key of the Hoo.se of David, come;" t. "O 
Horning Star, arise ; " vi. " Thou on Whom 
the Gentiles wait;" Tit. "Draw nigh, draw 
nigh, Imraannel." 

2i A second tr. by Earl Nelson appeared in 
the Sarum Hymnal, 1868, as "The Advent An- 
thems." The opening line of each is : — (1) " O 
Wisdom! spreading mightily;" (2) "Ruler of 
Israel, Lord of Might ; " (3) " Root of Jesse I 
Ensign Thou ! " (4) " Israel's sceptre I David's 
Key ; ** (5) Day Spring and Eternal Light ; " 

(6) "O King! Desire of Nations! come;" 

(7) "0 Law-giver! Emmanuel I King!" These 
were directed to be snng separately, or as one 
hymn, as desired. 

3. These Antiphons were also ir. by W. J. 
Blew, and included in his C&ureh H, j> Tone 
Bh., 1852. 

4. Some time, Dr. Neale supposes about the 
12th century, an unknown author took fire of 
these Antiphons, and wore them into a hymn in 
the following order : — st, 1. Emmanuel; ii. 
Sadie J etse ; iii. Oriens ; It. Clams David ; 
v. OAdonai. This hymn began with the line : — 

" Vcni, veni, Emmanuel," 

and adding to each verse the refrain, which is 
not found in the original prose : — 

"Gaude, gaude, Emmanuel 
Hascetur pro te, Israel." 

Daniel has given the full text in his TAes. Hymn, 
ii. 333 (1844). From Daniel's text Br. Jfeak 
translated his: — 

5. Dnw nigh, draw nigh, Emmanuel, and pub. 
it in the 1st ed. of his Mediaeval II 'ymns, 1851, p. 
119, in 5 st. of SI. That tr. he altered for the 1st 
ed. of the Hymnal S., 1852, the same altered 
text being repeated in the enlarged ed. of 1854 j 
and the 2nd and 3rd eds. of tho Mediaeval 
Hymm, 1862 & 1863. The altered text is found in 
the People's H., 1867, and also, with alterations 
by various hands, in the Hymnary, 1872, H. 
Onnj^, 1876, Thring's Coll., 1882, and others. 
It is irom the original tr. of 1851 that parts 
ii.— v. and vii- of No. 74 in Church Hys. are 
taken, parts i. and vi. being from Canon Cooke's 
tr. from the original prose (see above). In the 
trial copy ofH.A.&M.inl 859, an altered version 
of Neale's Ir, was given beginning : — 

6. come, eome, Emmanuel! This was in- 
cluded in the 1st ed. of 1861, and again in the 
new ed, 1875 ; and Is repeated in Kennedy, 1863 ; 
Allon's Sup. 1868; We*. H. Bk., 1875; and 
others. Another tr. is : — 

7. soma, Emmanuel, came 1 This is in the 
Anglican H. Sk^ and was made by the editor, 



ANTON ULRICH 

the Rev. S. C. Singleton, in 1837, and included 
therein in 1868. Dr. MacgiK's tr. : — 

8. Come, Immauud, near snr tail, appeared In 
the Scottish Presb. Hymnal, 1876, No. 29, and was 
subsequently included in his Song$ of the Chris- 
tian Creed and Life, 1876 and 1879. 

Translation net la V, V, t — 

oome i come, Thou Emmanuel. C&oxbtri, I86J. 

A rendering through tho- German has been 
noted by Mr. Mearns as follows : — 

Sun unde Heir, una detnem Bonn, in the 

Trier 6. Ii., 1848, p. 9, in 8 st. of 4 1, In the 
harmonized ed. of 1847, it is said to be from the 
Munich G. S., 1586. Tr. as " Send now Thy Son 
unto us, Lord/' by Miss Huppns, as No. 310, in 
E. Paxton Hood's Childrm't Choir, 1870. 

[J. J.] 
Antlphonale = sen,. 

Antiphonarium. A book containing the 
Antipbons. Invitatories, Hymns, Responds, 
Verses, and in later times the Little Chapters. 
Originally the Antiphons and Responds were 
contained in separate volumes known as the 
Antiphotxaium and Betpontorials (Amsdarius, 
Pro!, ad Lib. tU Ord. Antiphon. Edit. Hittorp, 
p. 224). The arrangement of the volume is 
attributed to Gregory L, and its revision to 
Adrian I, The early Afttiphottariesot various 
countries and dioreses exhibit great variety of 
text and usage. [P. B. W.] 

Anton TJlrich of Brunswick, b. Oct. 4, 
1633, at Hit zarker, on the Elbe above Lnuen- 
burg, the portion as younger son of his father, 
Duke August, who thi-ee years afterwards 
succeeded tr> the Dukedom of Wolfenbiittel. 
He -was the only child of the Duke's second 
marriage. In 1635 the Duke contracted a 
third marriage with Sophie Elisabethe of 
Mecklenburg. Father and stepmother alike 
were pious and fond of music and poetry, and 
their children were trained with a simple 
home life, in Lutheran orthodoxy ; nnd, under 
J. G. Schottelius and Sigismund v. Birken, 
instructed in all the learning of the time. 
Under these influences, supplemented by a 
residence at the University of Helmstadt, 1650, 
Anton Ulrieli grew up n lover of his mother 
tongue and of poetry — his first literary efforts 
being a number «f hymns which he presented 
in mb, to his father aa a New Year's girt, 1655. 
In 1659 Its was admitted a member of the 
Froitbearrag Society. At the death of his 
father in 1666 the family circle was broken up, 
and, released from the healthful, if somewhat 
harrow, influences of his training and previous 
surroundings, lie turned from hymn-writing to 
tiie affairs of the worhi. Henceforth the 
ruling passion, hitherto curbed, took the upper 
hand, trad tho desire for power and famo led 
him far astray. 

In 1667 his elder brother nppoint"d him 
Governor at Wolfenbiittel, and in 1685 mado 
him Co-Regent of the Dnehy of Brunswick. 
His desire for princely magnificence, fostered 
by a year's residence in France, led him into 
lavish expenditure, such as an imitation of the 
Palace of Versailles which lie built at Saljj- 
dahlnm, near Wolfenbiittel, and in Wolfen- 



ANTON ULRICH 

fcattel an Academy (opened 1687) for the 
education of young noblemen ; a fine building 
for the Library, and a new opera house. 
Envious at the rapidly increasing power of 
ttie Hannover-Celle branch of the Wolfen- 
buttel line, he made alliance, in 1702, with 
France, against them, only to bo deposed from 
the Co-Begency, although when his brother 
abdicated in 1701 he obtained full sway in 
Brunswick. By his secession to the Roman 
Catholic Church in 1709-10 (one of the results 
arising from the marriage of his grand- 
daughter Elizabeths Christine to Charles of 
Spain, who was crowned Emperor in 1711), lie 
lost the lore of his subjects and the respect 
of his former princely friends, and attained 
neither temporal advantage, nor spiritual 
peace. When his fatal illness came on and 
he felt his end near, he summoned an Evan- 
gelical clergyman to prepare him for death, 
then received the Sacrament according to the 
Roman rite, and after giving his surviving 
children his blessing, d. at Salzdahlum, 
Hot. 27, 1714. His two soub succeeded each 
other, but as they died without male isBue, the 
Dukedom passed to a son of his younger 
brother by Duke August's third marriage. 

His hymns seem to have been mostly written 
before 1055, and were printed anonymously to 
the number of 44 as HocherlcucAtete Oeistliche 
Lieder, Finer hohen Persoaen, N.P. 1665, and 
then enlarged to 60, and with melodies probably 
by his stepmother as : — ChrUt FUratliches Davids- 
Harpfen^Spiei mm Btfegel wui Fiirbild Him- 
mct-flanunender Andaeht, $c, Kurnberg, 1667, 
with a preface on prayer, probably by J. G. 
Schettelius (reprinted with three hymns added, 
WolfenbtHtel, 1670). Of these 34 are included 
in the selections by H. Wendebourg from the 
Duke's Geistliohe Lieder, pub. at Halle, 1856. 
Mostly composed before his 22nd year, many are 
in unusual metres and of the 'nature of experi- 
ments. in verse, showing him as allied with the 
Pegnitz Order, of which his former tutor and 
life-long friend Sigismund v. Birken (q. v.) was 
then President or Chief Shepherd. But al- 
though it may be said that the Duke's hymns 
are often too subjective and farfetched, and that 
liia after life did not altogether fulfil the* pro- 
mise of his youth; yet there cannot be denied 
to them the expression iu beautiful form of a 
deep sense of sin, an ardent longing for grace, 
and a heartfelt love to the Saviour. Their 
poetic worth, simplicity of diction, and practical 
usefulness gained them admission to the Leipzig 
Vomtth, 1673, the Nuruberg G. B., 1676, and 
other hymn-books of the period, and to Bunsen's 
Vermeh, 1833, and other recent collections 
(Koch, iii. 537-549 j Wendebourg's Preface; 
Ailg. Deutsche Bbg., i. 487-4 SI ; Bode, 37-S8). 
Four have been tr. into English, two lat pub. 
1665, and two 1st pub. 1667 ; the references 
to the original eds, being kindly supplied from 
the copies in the Ducal Library at Wolfen- 
btittel by the Principal Librarian, Dr. O. v. 
Heinemann. 

i. Lass dish Got*. [JkjJjaafi'on.] This beau- 
tiful hymn on Consolation in Trial appeared in 
1667, p. 237, as above (ed. Wendebourg, 1856, 
p. 68), in 6 at. of 6 1., 11. 1, 6, of each st. being 
identical. Included as Wo. 468 in pt. ii., 1714, of 



APOSTLE OF OUR 



75 



Freylnyjhaasen's G. B., and as No. 787 in Bun* 
sen's VtrsucA, 1833 (Jdtg. G. B., 1846, No. 319). 
Tr. aa :— 

Lean all ta Ood. A good tr. (omitting st. iv.) 
by Hiss Wink worth in the 1st Series, 1855, of her 
Lyra Qer., p. 159 (ed. 1876, p. 161), and thence 
aa No. 155 in Ps. $ Hymns, Bedford, 1859, as 
No. 302 in the Free Church H. Bk., 1882, and in 
the ailman-Schnff Lib, of Bet. Poetry, ed. 1883. 

it Huhdit, Oett! verlanget mieh. [Thirsting 
for God."] One of his best hymns, Appeared 
in 1665, p. 21, 1(S67, p. 28, as above (ed. Wen- 
debourg, 1856, p. 8), in 11 st. of 4 1. Included 
aa No. 1129 in the Leipzig Vorrath, 1673, and 
as No. 1259 in Burg's Breslau G B., 1746. 
Tr. as:— 

(Jod, I long Thy light to see. A good tr. by 
Miss Winkworth in the 1st Series, 1855, of her 
Lyra Qer., p. 145, omitting st. ii., iiL,vi. In the 
second ed. p. 146, tr. of st. ii., iii., were added. 
Repeated thus as No. 118 in her C. B. for 
England, 1863. 

Other <rj. are, ill omitting at. II., ill., vi., (l)"0Lord! 
1 long Thy face to Me." by Miu Cox, 1941, p. 91 (186*, 



p. IIS); (2) "My soul Is thirsting, Lord, fur Thee," by 
Lndy Elemwr Fottescue, 1S43 (1841, p. 38); (3) " Call me, 
OOod: I came; tori," l>yj>r. G, Walker, ]860. p. tj. 

ill. Hun tret ioh wieder an* dec Boh. [Morning. 
For the Stoi."] Appeared in 1667, p. 2, as above 
(ed. Wendebourg, 1856, p. 1.), in 8 st. of 8 1. 

The trs. are, (1) "Once more from reat I rl*e 
again," by Miss Winkworth, 1855, p. 220 (1856, 
p. 222). (2) " From blest, unconscious sleep I 
wake again," by Miss Cox, 1864, p. 185. 

iv. "ffer Gadoid uad Demuth liebst. [Patience 
and Humility.] Appeared in 1665, p. 92, und 
1667, p. 135, as above (ed. Wendebourg, 1856, 
p. 43), in 1 1 st. of 4 1. ii\ as Patience and Hu- 
mility, by Miss Winkworth, 1869, p. 225. 

[J. M.] 

Apellesvonliowenatern, [LSweastem.] 

*A<f>pa<rrov davfia. St. Cosmos. From 
the Omce for Easter Eve in the Triodittn, i.e. 
the Lent volume which commences with the 
Sunday before Septuagosima, and goes down to 
Easter (see Qnek Hjmnodtf, *'*• 7). It is 
Ode 7 of tlie Canon, and is based on the 
Canticle, " The Song of the Three Children." 
Several Canons during Lent are composed of 
three Odes only ; hence the name of the Lear 
volume " IWodion." The tr. of this Ode, 
" Christ, Who set free the Children three," 
was made by Dr. Littledale for and first pub. 
ta the Peopte's if., 1867, No. 110, signed "L," 
and appointed for Easter Eve. The original 
dates from the early part of the eighth 
century, and is found in modern Greek Ser- 
vice Hooka. The hymn "The Sepulchre is 
holding" is a tr. by Dr, Littledale of Sfywpor 
iw^i tc{$<» from the same tyfiice as the above. 
The author of the original, and the date 
are unknown. Dr. LUtledale's tr. was made 
for and first published in the People's II., 
1867, No. Ill, signed "L. t " and appointed, 
with the above, for Easter Eve. It is repeated 
in the Irvirigite Kijmns for the Use of tlie 
CltKrches, 2nd ed., 1871. [J. J.] 

Apostle of <rar own dear home. 
/. E. Millard. [St. Augustine.] Written for the 



7« 



APOSTLES OP THE 



festival of St Augustine, and 1st pub., with a 
second hymnibrthe festival of St. Mary Mag- 
dalene, in the Beelaitstlie, o. 1819, and again 
In Lyra Sanctorum, 1850, p. 92. From this 
later work it was transferred to the People'* 
H., 1867, and signed « J. E. M." 

Apostles of the risen Christ, so 
forth. H. Honor. [Afferions.] Printed in 
the second series of liis Hymn* of Faith & 
Hope, 1863, pp. 142-3, where it is headed 
"The Great Menage," and the motto is 
prefixed: — 

"Que voa mttfttii gloria, qua sahu 
Invttit orble, nncta cohors Del 
Portsw vertrata." Old iQmn. 

It is in 5 st. of 6 1. Its use is mainly con- 
fined to America, [W. T. B.] 

Apparebit zepentlna dies magna 
Domini Anon. e£r. 7 cent, [Jdwnt] Tlie 
earliest referenoe which we hare to this hymn 
is in Bede's Be Metru (672-735). It is an 
acrostic, the flist verse commencing with A, 
the third with B, the fifth with 0, Ac. 
Dr. Neale speaks of it as a "ragged, but 
grand Judgment Hymn," dates it ™ as early 
as the 7th century," and deolares that "it 
manifestly contains the germ of the Die* Ira." 
The text is given in Cassander's Bymni 
EecU*ia*tiei, Col. 1556 ; Thomasme, vol. iL p. 
433 : Bambach, Anthologie, i. p. -126 ; Daniel, 
1841, vol. i. No. 161 ; Du Meril, Poesies Ptoh- 
taire* Lathiet, 1843, p. 135; Trench's S. Lai. 
Poetry, 1849 and 1873, and others. [W. A. S.] 

Translation in C. U.: — 

1. Thai great day of wrath and tenor. By J. 

M. Neale, in his Med. Hymns, 1851, p. 9. From 
this tr. a cebUt has been given in the Cvmbrtte 
II. 2k., 1863, No. 235. Mrs. Charles has alio 
rendered it as : " Suddenly to all appearing the 
great day of God shall come," in her Voice of 
Christian Life in Sang, 1858, p. 142, bat it is 
not in C. V. 

Apparuit bexrignitas. [Chridma*.'] A 
beautiful poem on the Incarnation quoted by 
Mane, No. 51, from a 15th cent vs. at Karls- 
ruhe in 92 lines. There is no tr. of the whole 
poem, but a cento beginning with 1.5,0 amor 
turn autatloiw, was tr. by the Sev. B. Webb, 
for the Hymnal -Y., 1854, in 8 st. of 4 1., the 
doxology being an addition to the original text. 
This tr., considerably altered in some instances, 
has passed into the Salisbury H, Jib., 1837 ; 
H. A. & M., 1861; People'* if., 1867; the 
8. P. O. K. Church Bye., 1871 ; the Hymnary, 
1872; Taring's Coll., 1882, and others. It 
begins in each hymnal : — " Love, how deep, 
how broad, how high ! " The original lines tr. 
are given in L, 0. Biggs's Annotated H.A.& M,, 
1867, p. 177. 

Appleton, Sarah [kum]. 

Approach, my soul, the mercy seat. 

J. Newton. [Lent.'] 1st pub. in the Olney 
Hymn*. 1779, tak. iii., No. 12, in 6 st. of 4 1., 
and again in all later editions of the same 
work It came into early use in the hymnals 
and has attained to a foremost position as one 
of the most popular of Newton s productions. 
In the Olney Hymn* it is the second of two 



ABENDS, WIIJEELM EBASMTJB 

hymns headed, "TheEffbrt" The first hymn 
by Newton on this same subject begins: — 
"Cheer up, my soul, there is a mercy seat," 
No. 11, in 6 st, of 41. as above. Its similarity 
to " Approach, my soul," has led some to sup- 
pose it to have been re-written by an unknown 
compiler. In the American College Hymnal, 
N. ¥. 1876, st iL, iii. and iv. are given as 
No. 280, " Lord, I am come, Thy promise is 
my plea." The use of this hymn in any form 
is very limited. 

Aquinas, St. Thomas, [donas of 

Aflidno.J 

Are there not in the labourer's day P 

0. Wetiey. [Duty.] 1st pub. in Hymn* it 
Soared Poem; 1749, vol, L 124, in 5 st of 6 L, 
and entitled, " The way of duty the way of 
safely." In 1780 it was embodied in the We*. 
H. Bit., and from thence has passed into most 
of the hymnals of the Methodist bodies in G. 
Britain and America. It was introduced into 
the collections of the Ch. of England by Top- 
lady, through his P*. A Hy., 177ft Orig. 
text in P. Work*, 1868-72, vol. y. p. 17. 

Axe we doing- as we should, do P T. 
Kelly. [Jf**j<oiw,] Contributed to an ed. of 
his Hymn*, Ac, between 1838 and 1853; in 
ft at of 81. In the 1853 ed. (9th) it is given 
as No. 585, and headed " Questions for Con- 
science." Its use is limited. 

Are we not sons and heirs of God 9 

1. Watt*. [Gravity and Deemey.] 1st pub. 
with his Sermon* on Variant Subjeete, &t!.,1721 t 
and was composed on the subject of his sermon 
on Phil. iv. 8. It was also repeated in 6 st, 
of 4 1. in later eds. of the Sermon*. In Eip- 
pon's 8d. 1787, it was given, No. 229, as :— 
" Behold the sons, the heirs of God,'' and as 
such is known to modern hymnals. 

Are your souls the Saviour seeking P 
[Peace.] This anonymous hymn was given 
by Mr. Denham Smith in his Times of He- 
frething, 1860, in 4 st of 8 1. It has passel 
into several collections, including Com. Prate, 
1880; Hy*.for the Ch. CathoUe, 1882, Ac; 
but in all cases as " A non." 

Arends, WUhelm Erasmus, s. of E. P. 
Arnds, pastor at Langenstem, near Halber- 
stadt was b. at Langonstein, Feb. 5, 1677. He 
became, in 1707, pastor at Crottorf, near Hal- 
berstadi, and in 1718, pastor of the church of 
St Peter and St Paul in Halberstodt. He d. 
at the latter place, May 16, 1721 (Kooft, iv. 
389 ; AUg. Deutsche Biog., i. 516 : MS. from 
Pastor Spierling, Holberstadt, and Pastor 
Sohafft, Langenstein). He is said to have con- 
tributed three hymns to pt ii., 1714, of Frey- 
linghausen'e Q. B. Of theso No*. 118, 303 
are ascribed to him at p. 8 of the Qrischow- 
Kirchner^iioftrieftr, 1771, to Freylinghaueen's 
O . B., while the other is left anonymous. It 
is:— 

Xiiatst toot Uu CarirtaaUttt*. [ChrUtian War- 
fare.'] First pub. as No. 360 in 1714 as above, 
in 4 at. of 11 L Dr. Jacobs of Wernigerode in- 
forms me that Count Christian Ernst of Werni- 
gerode (d. 1771\ a well-known German hytnno- 



ABGLWYDD, ARWAIN 

logiat, ascribed it to Arendi in a marked copy of 
the 1741 ed. of Freylinghansen's 0. B. Koch 
styles it '■ a coll to arms for spiritual conflict and 
victory." Included in many later hymn-books, 
and recently as No. 675 in the Berlin Q. L. 3., 
ed. 1863. 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Christians, prayer may well employ ye* A full 
and goodtr. contributed by J. M. Sloan swNo. 389 
to Wilson's Service of Praise, 1865. [J, M.] 

Arglwydd tomato. trwy*r anialwbh. 
W. WiUiamt. [Strength to pats through the 
Wtidernete.] This was pub. in the 1st ed. of 
the author's AUeluia, Bristol, 1743, in 5 at, of 
61., as follows: — 

Bertk i fyned trvnfr Aniahoeh. 

1. Aiglwydd, arwsin trwy*r aoialwch 

Fi bererin gwael el wedd, 

Nad oss ynof nerth na by wyd, 

Fel yn garwedd yn y bedd: 

Hoilelluog 
Ydyw'r un s'm cwyd i"r ten. 

2. Colofn din tWr nos I'm herwain. 

A inoY golofh niwl j dydd i 

Dal a pnnbwy'n teftblo'r msnau 

Geirwon yn fy fforud y aydd : 

Rbolmt ttnitt, 
Fel iu bwyf yn llwfrbau. 

3. Agor y ffynnoniu meles 

ilydd yn taiddu o'r Gralg 1 maes ; 
Tthyd yr unal mawr ainlyned 
Alan lachewdwrlaeth gAs ; 

Rho ImL hyny j 
Dim i ml oad ay fwynhau. 

4. Pan bwy'n myned trwy*r Iorddonen— 

Angeu creulon yn el lym, 
Tl eat trwyddt gynt dy bnnon, 
P'am yr onui bellach ddim ? 

Buddugoliaeth, 
Gwna 1ml waeddi yn y lllf I 

0. Ytnddlrtednf yn dy alio, 

Mawr yw'r gwalth a wnest crlocd : 
Ti seat uigau, ti gest uflern, 
Ti gest Satin dan dydtoed: 

PenCaliirU, 
Nao aed hwnw bytb o'm col. 

The first tr. of a part of this hymn into 
English was by Peter Williams, in his Hymn* 
on rariotu Subjects (vii-\ Together roitk The 
Novice Instructed: Being an abttraet of a 
Utter mitten to a Friend. By the iter. P. 
William*, Carmarthen. 1771, Printed for the 
author i and was aa follow* : — 
"Hnw V. 

Fraying for Strength. 
"Guide me, O Thou great Jehovah, 
Pilgrim thro* this barren land, 
J am weak, but Thou art migtuy, 
Hold me with Tby powerful band : 

Bread of heaven, 
Feed me till I want no more. 

"Open Hwu lbs pleasant fountains, 
Where the living waters flow J 
Let the river of salvation 
Follow all the desert thro' : 

May Thy presence 
Always load and comfort me, 

" Lord, 1 trust Thy mighty power, 
Wondrous are Thy works or old ; 
Thou deUvertt Thine from thraldom, 
Who for nought themselves bad sold; 



ABGLWYDD, ABWAIN 



77 



Thou didst ( 
Sin, and Satan and tho grave.' 



t conquer 
and tho gr 



These stanzas are a tr. of st i, iii., v. W. 
Williams himself adopted the tr. of at. L, tr. 
si iii. and ir. into English, added a fourth 
stanza, and printed them as a leaflet as 
follows:— 



"A FAvoonrre Htkk, 

sung by 

Lady Huntingdon's Young Collegians. 

Printtd 6y the detire of manp chriititm friendt. 

Lord, give It Thy blessing I 

r. 

" Guide me, O Thau neat Jehovah, 

Pilgrim through this barren hind ; 

1 am weak, but Thou art mighty. 

Hold me with Thy pow^ful band: 
Bread of heaven, bread of heaven, 
Feed me till I want no more. 

It. 

"Open now the chiystal fountain, 

Whence the beating stream doth flowj 
Let the fire and cloudy pillar 

Lead me all my Journey thro' : 
Strong Dellv'ier, strong Dellv'rer, 
Be Thou still my strength and shield. 

In. 
" When I tread the verge of Jordan, 

Bid my anxious fours subside j 
. Death of deat1», and hell's deetructlOD, 

Land me safe on Canaan's slue : 
Bongs of praises, songs of pnites, 
1 will ever give to Tbee. 

TV. 

H Musing on my habitation. 

Musing on my he&v'nly home, 

Fills my soul with holy longings : 
Owns, my Jesus, quickly come ; 

Vanity Is all I see j 

l<ord, 1 long to be with Thee ! " 
This leaflet was undated, but was o. 1772. 
During the same or the following year, it was 
included in the Lady H. OoH., 5th ed., Bath, 
W. dye, No. 94, Stanzas i.-iii. had previously 
appeared in The Coll. of Hyt. sung in the 
Countm of Huntingdon'* Chapel* in Sunex. 
Edinburgh ; Printed by A. Donaldson, for Wil- 
liam Balcombe, Angmoring, Bmtex, So. 202, 
This is undated; but Mr. Brooke's copy con- 
tains the autograph, " Elizabt. Featherslone- 
haugh, 1772," the writing and ink of which 
sliow it to be genuine. We can safely date it 
1771. It was repeated iu G. Whitefleld's P», 
d> Bus,, 1773 ; in Conger*, 1774, and others, 
until it has beoome ons of the most extensively 
used hymns in the English language. There 
are diversities of text in use tbe origin of 
which in every case It is difficult to determine. 
The most widely known are : — 

1. Where tbe ttth line In each stsnza. reads respec- 
tively, "Bread of heaven," "Strong deliverer," and 
"Songs of praises," the arrangement is from the lady B, 
Coll., mi. This form is given In nineteen out of every 
twenty hymnals which adopt the hymn, including 
B. A, A Jf„ fee. 

2. Where the 5th line reads respectively, "Lord of 
Glory," "Strong deliverer," "Loin and Saviour," the 
text Is from CotteriU's «(., lSio to lsis, where it is 
changed to the plural throughout. 

3. Where tbe Mb line reads respectively, "Of Thy 
goodness," "Strong Deliverer," and "Grateful praises, 1 ' 
the changes were made in Hall's Mitre, 1K3S. 

4. The original, with tbe amission of lines 5 and 6 In 
each etaaxa, thereby reducing it to S 1% given in many 
American hymnals, appeared in the PrayerSk, &&, 1636. 

In addition to these there are altered texts, as lbllowa : 

5. Guidt uj, O I*ob grtat .Redeemer. In JfcrreK 4 
flow, IBM ; .Scottish Epitc. B, Bk^ iboa, and other*. 

S. 67slde ttt, flbou wAoh A'ome it Savhmr, By J. 
KeWe, re-wrltten for the SaXittmry B. Bk., ISaT, and 
repeated In the PeopU't B., ISM, Sartm, Lass, the 
^■tuory, lata, em. 

T. Guide tu, Jan, floly Saoimtr. In (he PariA E 
Bit, 1S*»-)S. This la Keble'e alteration of Williama, 
agsin altered. 

8. Quids ut, O IftoH great Deliverer. In the BugUsk 
fljwtiwJ, by J. A. Jobnston, Jnd ed., ISM, No. 1ST. 

9. I*oh Great Jduroak, lead to. This form of the 
text Is In K amedy, 1S93, Ko. 6SS. 

IS. Guide ui,0 eternal Saviour. In The Orictttia B. 
Sk^ 1841, No. 1M. 



J8 



ABISE, AND FOLLOW 



This hymn in one form or another has been 
rendered into many languages, but invariably 
from the English. These trs. included the 
Bev. B. Bingham's rendering into Latin, 
" Magne to, Jehova," of the 3 st. arrange- 
ment, given with the English text, in his 
Hymno. Christ. Lai., 1871. [J. J.] 

Avian, and follow me. H. Al/ord. [St. 
Matthea.] This hymn Is No. 261 of his Year 
of Praise, 1867. In his Poetical Work*, 1868, 
p. 308, it is dated 3844; but it is not in his 
Pi. & Hyt., 1844, nor in his School of the Heart, 
Ac, 1845. We have not traced it in a printed 
form beyond Johnston's English Hymnal, 1852, 
No. 205, where it is given with a doxology. 

Arise and hail the happy [sacred] 
day. [Christmas.] Pub. anonymously in the 
Liverpool Liturgy, 1763, p. 155, in 5 st. of 6 1. 
In 1769 it was given in the Bristol Bapt. CoU. 
of Ash A Evans, No. 96, and subsequently in 
several of the older hymn-books. In modem 
collections it is sometimes found as, "Arise 
and hail the sacred day," as in Hall and Loam's 
Evangelical Hymnal, If. T.,1880. The chorus, 
" O then let heaven and earth rejoice," is not 
in tho ordinal. It appeared >in some collec- 
tions early in the present century. [See Butt, 
SUnbath,] 

Arise, in all Thy splendour, Lord. 
Sarah Slinn. [Missions.] In J. Dobell'a New 
Selection, Ac, 1800, No. 432, pt 2, in 6 st. 
of 4 1., 5 st. of which are from No. 47 of J. 
Griffin's Set. of Missionary & Devotional Hyt,, 
Portsea, 1797. The hymn " Though now the 
nations sit beneath," was re-written for Ameri- 
can use, by L. Bacon (q. v.) from DobeU. 

Arise, my soul, arise, Shake off; See. 
a Wesley. [Christ the Mediator.} 1st pub. 
in Hymns St Soared Patau, 1742, p. 264, in 
5 st. of 6 1. and entitled "Behold the Man." 
(P. World, 1868-72, vol. ii. p. 323.) In 1780 
It was included in the Wet. H. Bk. as No. 194 
in an unaltered form, and has been repeated 
in all subsequent editions fed. 1875, No. 202). 
From the Wet. H. Bk. it has passed into all 
the collections of the Methodist bodies in all 
English-speaking countries, and also into 
many hymnals outside of Methodism both in 
O. Britain and America. It has also been 
rendered into various languages. One in 
Latin, by the Bev. B. Bingham : — " Surge, 
surge,Mons mea," is given in his&jrmnoi. Christ 
Lot., 1871. Mr. Stevenson has collected in 
his Meth. H, Bk. Note*, 1883, numerous illus- 
trations of the direct value which this hymn 
has been to many. 

Arise, my soul, arise, This earth, 
See J. Gobb. [Oenerul] Contributed to 
the English Soared Songster, 1873, together 
with his tune "Heavenward," No. 37, and re- 
published, unaltered, in his WeJburn Appendix, 
1875, No. 93, but set to another tune (Leyden) 
also by Mr. Gabb. 

Arise, my soul, arias, Thy [The] Sa- 
viour's sacrifice, tec. C. Wetley. [On 
the Titles of Cltrist] Appeared in Hymns 



ABISE, YOUB VOICES ALL 

and Sacred Poem), 1739, in 15 st. of 6 1. In 
1780, when included in the Wet. H. Bk., it 
was given as one hymn in two ports (Na 187), 
but as early as 1809 the parts were numbered 
as separate hymns, and they are given thus in 
the revised ed., 1875, Nos. 194, 195 ; and in 
most collections of the Methodist bodies. The 
second part or hymn is, "High above every 
Name." In Kennedy, 1863, the second line of 
part 1, as above, begins, " The Saviour's sacri- 
fice." Outside of the Methodist collections 
the use of both hymns is limited. (Orig. text, 
P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 146.) 

Arise, my soul, In songs to own. 
Joseph Irons. [Praise to God the Father."] 
From his Zion't Hymns, Ac, 3rd ed., 1825, 
No. 15, in 4 st. of 4 1., into Suepp's Bangs of 

0. & C, 1872, unaltered. 

Arise, my soul, my joyful powers. 

1. Watts. [Bedemption.] 1st puh. iu his 
Hymns and Spiritual Songs, 1707, bk. ii., No, 
82, in 6 st. of 4 1., and entitled " Bedemption 
and Protection from Spiritual Enemies." Its 
use, generally in an abbreviated form, Iihb been 
and still is limited, in G. Britain, but is some- 
what extensive in America. 

Arise, my bouL nor dream the hours, 

[Redeeming the Time.] An anonymous hymn 
in Longfellow and Johnson's Amer. Hys. of 
the Spirit, 1864, No. 568. 

Arise, my tenderest thoughts, arise, 
P. Doddridge. [Sorrow because of Sin.] 
Written, June 10, 1789, on tho text, Ps. 
cxix. 158 ["». *bs."} and 1st pub. in J. 
Ortou's ed. of Doddridge's Hymns, Ac., 1755, 
unaltered, in' 5 st, of 4 1. and headed, " Be- 
holding Transgressors with Grief." Also re- 
peated in J. D. Humphreys's od. of Doddridge, 
18S9._ It came into O. U. at an early date, 
both in the Ch. of England and amongst the 
Nonconformists, and is still retained in nume- 
rous collections in O. Britain and America. 
It is a powerful aud strongly worded hymn of 
the older type, and is stilted for nee on behalf 
of missions. 

Arise, ye people, and adore- Harriet 
Auber. [Ps. xhrii.] 1st pub, in her Spirit of 
the Psalms, 1829, in 4 st. of 4 1., « Hallelujah '' 
being added to the last st, only. It is in 
many American Colls., and is moro popular 
there than in England. [W. T. B.] 

Arise, ye saints, arise, T. Kelly. 
[Christ the LeaderA 1st pub. in the 3rd ed. of 
his Hymns on. V. P. of Seripture, 1809, No. 77, 
in 7 stof41., and headed, " He teacheth my 
hands to war," Fa, xviii. 84. In 1812 it was 
taken out of the above, and Included in 
Kelly's Hymns adapted for Social Worship, 
No. 88, but subsequently it was restored to 
the original work. Full text in Hymns, 
M. Moses, Dublin, 1853, No. 253. As iu 
0. U. both in G. Brit, and America, it is iu 
an abbreviated form, but the arrangement of 
stanzas differs in various collections. 

Arise, your voices all unite. Bp. B, 
Mont. [Praise.'] An original composition 
included in bis Indent Hymns from the Bum, 



ABM OF THE LOBD 

Bren., Ac, 18S7, No. 83, in 6 at. of 4 L and 
entitled, " Hyinn cuuunemorative of the Ob- 
ject of Christian Worship," ed. 1871, No. Sit. 

Arm of the Lord, awake, awake. 
The Jverrors, Sea. 0. Wesley. \_Mmwnt.'] 
A. cento computed of stanzas from three of 
the Hymn* of i'eh'ttott ami Thanksgiving for 
the Printline of the Father, pub. by J. & C. 
Wesley in 1740. Stanza 1, from hymn 18, 
at. 1 1 2 from hymn 21, at 2 ; 8 ami 4 from 
hymn 22, st. 1 and 4. It was embodied in the 
Supp. to the IKei. i/. Bh. iu 1830, No. <i98. In 
the revised ed. of tliat Coll., 1875, No. 443, 
the last stanza is omitted. Orig. text, P.Worke, 
1808-72, toI. iv. p. 18(i. 

Arm of the Lord, awake, awake. 
Thine own, &o. C. Wettey. [Afisriotw.] 
Tliia hymn was included in the first three 
editions of ifyntns & Sacred Poemt, all of 
which were pub. in 1739 (u 222), bat omitted 
in the fourth ami fifth editions. In 1719 it 
wag included in anotlier series of Hytm* A 
Saered Poem*, as the second part of a para- 
phrase of the 51st of Isaiah in 10 st.of 4 1. In 
1780, 6 st. were included in tbe Wt». H. Sk, 
No. 875, and are retained in the revised ed. of 
1875, No. 386. The same arrangement is also 
found in several collections both in G. Brit 
and America. Orig. test, V. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. iv. p. 302. Another hymu opening with 
the same first line, and of a simitar character, 
was pub. in C. Wesley's Hymtu written »n the 
time of the Tumults, June 1780, No. is., Bristol, 
1780. The Tumults referred to took place in 
tendon. It is not in C IT. Orig. text, P. 
Work*, 1868-72, voL viii. p. 273. 

Armstrong, Florence Catherine, 
daughter cf William Armstrong, if j>., of 
Oollooney, Co. Bligo, Ireland, b. March 18, 

1843. Her well-known hymn : — 

to 1m ow yonder {Longing for Heaven] was 
written in 1862, and pub. without her consent 
in the British Herald, Feb. 1865, p. 24, and 
dated "Jany., 1865." It soon attained an 
extended circulation, and was given in sereral 
collections In 1875 Miss Armstrong acknow- 
ledged the authorship in her work, The King 
in Hit Beauty and Other Poem. 

Arnds, W. R (Arenas, w. S.] 

Arndt, Ernst Morita, son of Ludvrig 

Nicolaus Amdt, estate manager for Count 
Putbug, in the island of Biigeo, was b. at 
Bchorite in Biigen, Deo. 26, 1769. After 
studying at the Universities of Greifswald 
and Jena, where he completed his theological 
course under Paulas, he preached for two 
years as a candidate, but in 1708 abandoned 
theology. After a pedestrian tour through 
South Germany, Hungary, Northern Italy, 
France, and Belgium, be became, at Easter 
1800, lecturer at the University of Greifswald, 
and in 1805 professor of history there. But in 
1806, lamenting over the tyranny of France, 
he wrote his fiery Geitt der Zeit (pt. ii. 1809, 
iii. 1813, iv. 1818) which awakened the 
patriotism of his countrymen, but drew on 



ABNDT, BBNST MORITZ 



79 



him tbe hatred of Napoleon, ao that he had to 
flee to Sweden, and was not able to return to 
Greifswald till 1810. He again left Greifs- 
wald in 1812, awl found a home with Baron 
v. Stein at St. Petersburg. After various 
wanderings, during which he wrote many 
pamphlets inciting his countrymen, as none 
else could, to deeds of valour, and composed 
his well-known songs (all of dalo 1813), 

" Iter Gate, der Eleen weebsen lies*. 
O du Deutschiand, Iclt miuu margclueren. 
Was biasen die Trompeten? 
WasjstdeeDeuwcaenVaterlandr" 

which were said to liave done more to inspire 
the troops than a victory won, lie settled for 
some time at Cologne as editor of a patriotic 
newspaper. In 1818 ho was appointed 
professor of history in the newly-founded 
University of Bonn. Being accused by the 
Conservative leaders tlien in power of teach- 
ing Republicanism, he was, in 1820, un- 
justly deposed ^though his salary was con- 
tinued to him), end was not restored till the ac- 
cession of Friedrich Wilhelm IV. to the throne 
of Prussia in 1840. In token of respect he 
was elected Bectorof the University 1840-1841, 
and lectured as professor till 1854. He con- 
tinued his tranquil life at Bonn, varied by 
delusive hopes of better things from the 
Revolutionary periods of 1848 and 1859, till 
after having passed liis ninety-first birthday 
(when he received some three hundred 
messages of congratulation which ho person- 
ally answered) ho departed to the Heavenly 
Fatherland, Jan. 29, 1860. 

A man of learning, tt true patriot, & distinguished 
poet, and a, man greatly revered and beloved of tbe 
people, be wai a worthy modern representative of ibe 
"old Arndt," nuthorof the True C&riiUantiy ; a. man 
of deep religious feeling, and a true-hearted and eimeat 
witness for the Evangelical Faith. By his well-known 
F<Ht dent lPert itnd mm de» JftnAenUede, Bonn, IS1*, he 
waa one of the prime movers in tbe reaction which has 
now rescued moat of tbe German landsfrom the Incubus 
of xvlll. cent. nationalistic hymn-books. To this pam- 
phlet he annexed 33 hjmna, hla beat known. Of tbe 
remalniitg 5d some 3? appeared in bis Oeitilickc l.ieder, 
Berlin, 184S, and tbe rest in tbe Fnnkntrt, 1818, and 
later edition* of his OvHckit— the so-called complete 
edition of which, pub. at Berlin law, contains *2J 
secular and sacred pieces, ranging from 1TST to less, 
with a preface dated in Christmas week ISM. 



vil. UC-1« ; Mta, VeutKhe Blag., I. MO-SW.) 



(Aotf, 



The following 14 hymns by him have been 
tr. into English : — 

L Bsrhail'fe Ghxiat lat kommen. [Christinas.] 
1st pub. in 1818, vol. i. p. 319, und tr. as "The 
blessed Christ is coming," by C. T Jsiley, 1860, 
p. 24, in 4 st. of 8 L 

1L Dtoh Odst Aer TTahdwit, (Mat is* Kraft. 
[Whitsuntide.] A Prayer to the Holy Spirit. 
let pnb. 1619 (No. 32), us above, in 8 st. of 4 1. 
Tr. by J. Kelly, 1885, p. 67, "O Spirit, Thou of 
love and might." 

iii. 91* Velt ttut Ihro Anfen m. [Child 1 * 
Evening Hymn.] 1st pub. 1818 (vol. i. p. 26ft), ns 
above, in 4 st. of 8 I. Tr. by J. Kelly, 1885, 
p. 109, " The busy world its eyes doth close." 

iv. Be lebt sin (relet, dureh welchan diet 1*M. 
[The Spirit of Ood.] lat pub. 1818 (vol. i. p. 
281) as above in 5 st. of 4 1., and tr. as: — 
"There is a Spirit — universal Souree," by C. T, 
Astley, I860, p. 14. 



80 AENDT, ERNST MOBITZ 

t. 0«|u|gi lit du fiouuenttefct, [j^twiwyf.] 
Written in 1813, and 1st pub. 1818 (vol. ii. p. 
230) as above, in S st. of 8 )., entitled : " The 
traveller's evening hymn." Tr, as (1) " The sun- 
light hoe departed," by Dr. Magttire, 1883, p. 49 ; 
(2) "The fields and woods all silence keep," by 
J. Kelly, 1885, p. 112. 

vi. Gent nun his mid grant meiu Grab. [Burial 
of the Dead.] Written in 1818, and 1st pub. 
1819 (No. 19) as above in 9 at. of 6 1., and 
included in Bunsen's Versttch, 1833, and since in 
many other collections, e.g. Vhv. L. S.. 1851, No. 
81S. It is the moat popular of his hymns and 
was sung at his own funeral at Bonn, Feb. 1, 
1 860 (AocA, vii. 147). The rra. in C, (J. are :— 

(I) O* and dig my pare to-day 1 A good and 
full tr. in the 1st Series, 1855, of Miss Wink- 
worth's Lyra Ger., p. 241 (ed. 1856, p. 243), 
and repeated as No. 188 in her C. B.for England, 
1863. In SchafFs Christ m Song, ed. 1879, p. 536. 

(ft) Waary now of wandering lien. A tr. of 
at. i., iv., vi., ii., signed " F. C. C.,* aa No, 280, 
in Dr. Pagenstecher's Coll., 1864. 

Other trs. are : (1) * Go ! arid let my grave be made," 
V Miss Cox, 13*1, p. 83 (issm. p, as); (1) " Prepare 
me now my narrow bed, by Lady Eleanor Forteacue, 
1843 (1M», p. M)s (3) "do ikv, my friends and dig 
my grave,* by Dr. G. Walker, 18S0, p. 1M ; (i) " Mow 
go forth and dig my grave," by A. M. Jeoffreson, In 
Crfden jnmra, 1813, p. S3, 

vii. Qott, deiao Kindleui tretea, [ChSdren.'} 1st 
pub. 1818 (vol. i p. 275) as above, in 5 st. of 4 
I. It is tr. as " Oh, gracious God I Thy children 
come before Thee," by C. T. Astley, 1860, p. 88, 

viiL Iehweise, woraa ion glaube. [TKeJtoch of 
Salvation.] Written in 1818, and 1st pub. 1819 
(No. 28) as above in 6 st. of 8 I. In Knapp's 
Ee. L. S., 1837, No. 1396 (ed. 1865, Ho. 1348), 
it begins "loh weiss, an wen ich glanbe." The 
trs. in C. V. are : — 

(1) I know In Whom I put my trust. A good tr. 
of st. i., iv.-vi. of Knapp*$ text in the SnoTSeries, 
1858, of Miss Winkworth's Lyra Qer., p. 162. 
Included as No. 1170 in Kennedy, 1863, and 
recently in Schaffs Christ in Song, ed. 1879, p. 
426, and Lib. of Bet. Poetry, ed. 1883, p. 670. 

(I) I know Whom I believe in, a tr, from 
Kmtpp, omitting st. ii., iii., as No. 288 in the 
Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1880. 

is. Sana ieh betea, 1st in HSthta. [The Aimer 
of Prayer.'] Written in 1818, and 1st pub. 1819 
(No. 29) ns above in 8 st. of 7 L, and tr. 
" When I can pray, Without delay," by 6 T. 
Astley, 1860, p. 10. 

x. Und uingst dn immar lieba wieder, [The 
Lout of Christ! 1st pub, 1855, as above, p. 57, 
in 5 at. of 6 1, Tr. by J. Ktlly, 1885, p. 34, 
" And doat thou alwaya love proclaim." 

xj. Vnd wlllat dn gar vanageu [Trust in God.] 
Written in 1854, and lat pub. as above, 1855, p. 
81, in 6 st. of 81. It ie tr. as "And art thou nigh 
despairing," in the Family Treasury, 1877, p. 1 10. 

xiL Was fat die Xaaht, was 1st die Kraft. [Holy 
Scripture.'} Written in 1818, and 1st pub. 
1819 (No. 30) as above in 6 st. of 6 1., and in- 
eluded in Hota'a Pilgerharfe, Basel, 1863, No. 31. 
Tr. (1) "What is the Christian's power and 
might ? " by R. Massie, in the British Herald, 
April, 1865, p. 61. (2) " What is the Christian 
soldier's might, What is," by B. Massie in the 
Day of Rest, 1878, vol. viii. p. 335. 



ABNOLD, GOTTFRIED 

xiiL Wenn au> dem Sunkela feh mieh Mime, 
[Hope in God.'] Written in 1818, and 1st pub. 
1819 (No. 18) as above, in 7 st. of 61. Included, 
omitting st. ii., as No. 2401 in Knapp's J?u. L. S., 
1837 (ed. 1865, No. 2128). Tr. as " When in 
the dej>ths of night I'm sighing," in the British 
Herald, Aug. 1866, p. 312, repeated as No. 410, 
in Reid's Praise Bk., 1872. 

xtv, Wer hat dan Band gonKhlt, wotoherim Waster 
haust. [The Attnighty God.] lat pub. 1818 
(i. p. 297) and included in 1819 (No. 6) as 
above, in 4 St. of 3 1. TV. as " Who cau on the 
seashore," in Dr. Dnlcken's Golden Harp, 1864, 
p. 32. There is also a free tr. in the Unitarian 
H\j$. for Children, Glasgow, 1855, No. 28, be- 
ginning: — "Who has counted the leaves that 
tall?" [J.M.] 

Arnold, Gottfried, son of Gottfried 
Amold, sixth, master of the Town School of 
Annaberg in the Saxon Harx, b. at Anna- 
berg Sept. 5, 1666. His life was varied and 
eventful, and although much of it had little 
to do with hymnody from an English point 
of view, yet his position in German Hymno- 
logy is such as to necessitate an extended 
notice, which, through pressure of space, must 
be (typographically) compressed. 

After passing through the Town School and tl»e 
gymnasium at Gem, be matriculated In 16SS at the 
University of Wittenberg— where he found tbe atricteat 
Lutheran orthodoxy In doctrine combined with the 
loosest of living. Preserved by his enthusiasm for 
stndy from the grosser vices of hla fellows, turning to 
contemplate the lives of the first Christians, he began 
those inveatlgationa in Church History on which nie 
tame principally rate, and thought of preparing himself 
to become a lecturer aud professor, the worldly spirit 
which pervaded the Church repelling him from seeking 
to become one of her ministers. Accepting In ItiBV an 
appointment aa family tutor at Dresden, he became a 



disciple of Stoener, then Court Preacher. Seeing and 
testifying against the ill-living of those around hftn 
loat his appointment in teas, but by Spener*e recom- 



mendation obtained a similar poet at Quedllnbnrg, the 
centre of a recent religious Revival, one of the leaders 
in which was the Senior Conrt diaoonua, J. H. Sprogel. 
While at Quedlinbnrg he wrote and pub. hia first work 
of importance : I*e .Writ Loii.it., a trutPicturtqf the 



First Christians in tSeir Living FatiA, and Holy Lift, 
16SS, a book glowing with faith and earnestness, which 
gained a rapid circulation (Mb ed. 1T37) and was very 



greatly valued by P. J. Spener. Being thus brought 
into notice he was In isbT appointed by tbe Landgrave 
Ernst Ludwig of Hesse-Darmstadt as Professor of 
History at Qiessen. Accepting the post In a hopeful 
spirit, he did not find himself at home In bis surround- 
ings, and, unable to work aa he wished, was constrained 
to resign in lees. Returning to Qnedlinburg be found 
leisure in the bouse of his friend Sprogel to pursue 
tbe Investigationa for his Unparttiiseh* Kirehen- vnd 
Eetter-Riaerie (Frankfurtom-Main, 1SSS-1700). This 
epocn-making work, tbe most Important of all bis 



pent and most bean- 
while 



publications, a monument of gigantic industry and 

to bring out clearly the most prominent am 
tiful features of tbe Church life of bygone ages, 
the more important works that preceded It had been 
largely partisan. It was dedicated to the King or 
Prussia, who, Jan., 1T02, named him Historiographer; 
it gained for him the King's help, but by the favourable 
views taken of the heretice, and the unfavourable light 
in which the action of the Church towards them was 
often regarded, a atorm of iudienotionwas raised against 
him throughout the Church. About this time he joined the 
" New Angel Brotherhood " (S. Matt. xxil. so), of the 
followers of tbe mystic Jskob BUhme, wrote in 1700 bis 
Jry«et» o/ tie Wtt&m. if Go* (see below), In which 
Heavenly Wisdom was represented as a pure Virgin, 
union with whom would preclude any earthly marriage, 
and ceased to partake of Holy Comrnnnlon to public. 
Thereupon tbe ecclealaEtical authorities took action, and 
would have banished him from QuedUnburg had not 



ARNOLD, GOTTFRIED 

the King of PtumI* interfered and sent two comma Batons 
In irw and 1701 on Arnold'* behalf. 

^ow cflmo tbe turning point in hia .ife. A thiol who 
tad broken Into the oooee of tbe Sprugela was appre- 
hended At Allstedt, About A0 miles soutli. To bring the 
thief to Justice. SpiugeL'B vile and Uei youngest daugh- 
ter, Anna Maria, went thither under Arnold's care. 
Preaching before the widowed INicheu of Sacheen- 
Etgemacb, Arnold htm summoped by her to become 
preacher At her Court at A Listed^ and before entering 
on hia duties toib, on Sept. 5, 1701, nunted in Church at 
QaodlLnburg to Anna Maria Spruce. — a union productive 
of the happiest result*, and which in great me&Biire 
cured him of his SepamtLftt tendencies, hut -which 
brought the ridicule of hie enemiee upon hEm, and 
cirtwrd hie expuJeira from the Angel Brotherhood. 
Entering upon hia duties at Allstedt In It 02, he encoun- 
tered mucb opposition, and thus, in 1TQ&, gladly accepted 
ftwn the King of Prussia an appointment aa pastor and 
Inspector of Worten in the Altmark (near the Junction 
of the Elbe and Havel), as successor to his futber-in^law, 
who had removed thence from (juedllnourg. As hia 
persecutors gave him no rest, he accepted from the 
magistrates of Perleberg, a few miles farther north, the 
pastorate there, to which the King added the inspectorate 
of the district, beginning hia labours on tne S?ad 
Sunday after Trinity, 1707, by a sermon on St- Matt. 
xiH. i&. Unwearied in word and work, by preaching, 
by household visitation, and by the composition of 
devotional manuals (one of which, entitled Para&itti- 
tcher Lutig&rttRi 1T00- , reachfli a Tth ed. In 1HC), he 
sought the good of his flock and won universal love and 
esteem. Hia excessive devotion to study (publishing no 
leas than &8 works, some being folios, wltldn 20 yeanf)und 
his sedentary habit*, brought on a nevere attack of scurvy » 
On Whit-Sunday, 1714, when barely recovered from his 
illness, a recruiting party burst into the church and 
Impressed some of the young men who were in the net 
of recetvjug Holy Communion. This outrage was his 
death-blow* (Mtbone3rtday,May3i,a$pre-aiTanged,he 
preached a funeral sermon, but had to be supported by 
the sexton to enable him to finish it, " like a faithful sol- 
dier keeping hie post till his lout gasp." Tbrco days 
be lay in an armchair, and was then removed to bed. 
In earnest exhortation to his friends to full renunciation 
of self and of the world and complete dedication to God, 
In peaceful communion with God not nnmingled with 
the bitterneesof an early end, the days paased, till onMay 
30, 1YU, after he hod raised himneLr in bed and 02- 
ckurned "Frisch auf, frtsch auf! Die Wagea her und 
fort," hia spirit peacefully passed away, his mortal 
body being consigned to the grave on Juno l — accompa- 
nied by a weeping multitude comprising nearly all the 
Inhabitants of tha place. 

As & poet Arnold holds a high place* 
though but few of his hymns (mostly written 
at Quedlitiburg) wre entirely fitted for use in 
public Tvorebip. Ehmann characterises liis 
poems as full of originality, as pervaded with 
a deep zeal for s&nctifle&tion and the fear 
of God, and mth clawing devotion and 
intensity of love for Christ, All oro tinged, 
some very deeply, with his mysticiom, deal- 
ing largely in theoBophio language with the 
marriage of the son! to God, They found 
admission into the hymn-boots of the 
Separatists and the Pietists, and many of 
them in modem times are included in Knapp's 
Ev. L. B> They appeared in the following 
works : — 

(l) Gottt icke Lithe*- Fttncktn. Atu dem prostm fitter 
der lAeht Qottet in Qkritto Jetu tnttprangett, Frank- 
furt am Main, 1&9S. Containing 140 pieces, including 
bis beat hymns. (2) Andtrer ThriXdcr Qtitttichtn Littx s- 
Jfunclwn. Frankfurt, 1T01. 36 pieces. (3} Dot G&- 
tieimnittdergi/ttlickcn Sophia, <ter Wetihtit, bctchrieben 
uitd bauagen. Leipzig, 1700- The poetical portion of 
this work 1b in two ports: — i. Poetuehe loo- vnd 
Liebct'SprQche (lW) : H. Jftue ffottliehe Litbet PuncJxn 
(133). j4) iMu ehdtc&e und unverthtticJitc JLeten der 
trtten C*rtWen,lcc. Frankfurt, lTua, with on appendix 
of lft poems. (&) jV«mt Kern vjaXtvr Grtifatgtbttei ftc 



ARNOLD, GOTTFRIED 



81 



Lelpsg, 1T6B, with a collection of hymns Appended, 
entitled Sin neutr Xtrn rtcAt ftittlither tieblichtr 
Mater— JIT in all. 

As these works contain a good many hymna 



by other authors, the tatk of discrimination is 
not easy, and thus it comes to pass that in 
the collected editions by Albert Knapp 
(Stuttgart, 1845) and by K. C. E. Ehmann 
{Stuttgart, 185G) a number of pieces tre 
included which are not really by Arnold. 
Somewhut curiously, Hits Winfrwortli, in her 
Christian Singers of Germany, 1869, has 
selected throo pieces, and only three, as 
favourable specimens of Arnold, and as it 
happen*, not one is really by him. Knapp 
frequently abridges and alters, while Ehmann 
gives a valuable introduction, the unaltered 
text of 139 hymns, and, as on appendix, a 
selection from the poems not in regular form 
(Koch, vi. 138-159; Ehmann's Introduction, 
AUg. Deutsche Biog., L 587-588). The hymns 
here noted are arranged thus: I. Probably 
by Arnold: II Possibly by Arnold ; UL Not 
by Arnold, but not found earlier than in the 
works mentioned above. Of these the follow- 
ing have been rendered into English : — 

I. Hymns probably by Arnold, 1-9. 

1, Ew'ge Witiktlti Jua ChiJat. ['.me to ChriltJ 
Founded on CantlcLn Till. 6 t and let pub. 1700 ab above, 
No. S3 (Bhmttm't ed. ISS6, p. 118), In IB «t. of « 1, 
and Included u No. hot in yreylistgh<xuten*t G. B. 1T04. 
Tr. as" Christ, tnou'rt Wtedom unto me," No. 6B5ln pt. 
t. of the Mtoraeiaa if, Bk. 1JM. 

8. H(j]d«U(» Sfttttr-tuiun. [ Victory tf lout,] 1)01 
p. 61, as above (iftmann'f ed. IMS, p. 1T31 in II Jt. 
of .S 1., and thence a& No. 46t in fYtytinghauaa'i 
G. B. DD4. Tr* as "Thou, Qod 1 ^ beloved I«iBb," as 
No. 62S in pt. t. of tho Moravian H. Sit. 1H4. In W8» 
altered to "Thou, God's most holy Lamb," and in 1801 
and later eds. to " Jehovah ! holy Lamb." 

3. Va Sirai-T5cht«r die iar nuht U<bm to OLWif.] 
Founded on Cimtltles iii. II, ond 1st pnb. 1T0O aa above, 
So. *1 (Mmottit'i ed. 18S0, p. ldlj in 13 st. of t L 
Included as Ko. Via in the Jlerrnhut G. B. ITS*. Tr. 
as " Daughters of Zlon, -wlio're no more," No. 691 inpt.i, 
of tne Moravian /f. hit. 17&4. 

4. Koram bn^* dich tlef, mein Hen u^id Binr. 
[ttanitgminff to Oa-M.J 1st pnb. lluj u above, 
p. MS (Skmann't ed. 1SGG, p. 1M), in » at. of 6 1. In- 
cluded ss No. 14A in Freyling&auten't O. It. 1)06. Tr. 
as *' Ourselves, dear Lord, wc now realgn," from et. vlJ^ 
ix n uat. 111., iv.of No. 69S In the Jftroeian H. Bk. 1801, 
(ed. IMS, No. 836). 

t. KeiJi EWg, •cbreib mir dein Qejeti. tBretheiiy 
love.} Founded on Pb. cji^xiit. and jAmes li. 8, and 1st 
pub. 1893, No. 135,as above (iftnann'i ed. 1816, p. 51, 
KMpp, 18i^ p. lis), in 16 st. of e h Included as No. 
381 In Frtylingluaatn'i G. B. 1)0*. Tr. ss " Thy lair, 
Lord, be my delight," oa Jfo. 4fil in tho Jforavian 
H. Bit. IIS}, and repeated in later eds. 

6. Dnrchbreclier allsr Bvtda (q-v.) 

T. O atUUaLa3aB,icbaachdelnauftaaWM*n. [£oM 
to Ckritt.] A poem 1st pub. 1(98, No. 34, as above 
[Sftnuutit'i ed. 1856, p. 2)0), in 31 lines, entitled 
" They are virgins. These are they which follow the 
lamb," Rev. xlv, 4. lu pt. it. U14, of frtgting- 
hautm't G. B. t a recast beginning "O stIUea Gottes- 
Idram," in & st. of 8 L, waa included as No. 429, The 
(r*. are — from the second form: (1) "Meek, patient 
Lamb of God, to Thee," by J. Watiy, in Pt. A Uymnj. 
1)41 (_P. iror*vl»Stt-73, vol. ii. p. 14), repeated as Nu. 
o46 in pt. i. of tlie Atoraeian H. Bk. 1K4; {II "Meek, 
pattent Lamb of (Jod, impart," as No. 431 in tne Mora- 
vian S. i&- 1)89, and later eds. 

B. So fuhrst du cosh ncht sellff, ^err, dl» Dsinen, 
[Trtut in Gad.} 1st pub. 181)8, No. 138, as above 
(Btmatin'i cd. 1838, n. H3\ in 13 st. of 8 1., entitled 
"The best Guide." Included as No. 210 En Jfrefling- 
hauan't G. B. 1)04, and recently as No. 418 in the 
t?«tp. /., 8. 18S1. Dr. SqhafC in bis beuiKhet O. B., 
1880, says of it: "It voa the favourite hymn of the 
philosopher Schelling. It ia, however, more suited for 
private use than for Public Worship." It is a beantlful 
hymn, marked by profundity of thought end depth of 
Christian experience. The only tr. ii C. U. Is " How 



82 



ABNOLD, GOTTFRIED 



well, Lord] art thou tny People leading," In full as 
No. u?l in pt. i. of the Iforavian if. Bk. 1^5+, and nr- 
pcated, abridged and altered to " Well art Tliuu leading, 
Guide supreme," in 1816 (194a, No. IBS). The fr*. of 
at. I., UL, *t, tlrom the 1W<£ were Included In J. A. 
Jjatrobe's Collation, 1841, No. 32». Another (r. Is 
"How blest to all Thy followers, Lord, the road," by 
jtiat Winkworth, ISM, p. ITS (ed. WS, p. 1T7). 

9. Wle Fehan lit mtitra KSnlffj Brant. [Iftaven.] 
1st «ub. IMS, Mo, 1M, as above (JHhumv't ed. I860, 
p.T2, JTnani, IMG, p. Ill), to 14 at. of St Included ft* 
No. 684 in frevlingAoMien'i G. B, 1704. The f«. nre— 
beginning -with at. x. : — " Wte freuet sich metn gaiizcr 
Sinn," (l) " I'm glad, yea, sinner— likely bold," as No. 
648 in pt. i. of the Jlmatian If. Bk. 1T51. (1) "How 
doth my needy soul rejoice," as No. 8*2 in the i/ornifian 
H. ttk. r)s». In laol altered to "How greatly doth 
my soul rejoice," (1848, No. 1230). 

II. Hymns possibly by Arnold, 10-H. 

10. Brschein, da Korgesitarn. [Jforning.] 1st pub. 
1103, p. s (Itwmm'i ed. 1856, p. lie), in * at. of 8 1. 
Included as No. 751 in ^e^infrfkttuen'i ft, R, L70S, mid 
No. Ois in JViril'i ff. Aed. 1996. Pitcher, !. 1T4, thinks 
A.'s authorship very doubtful. Tr. as "Thou Morning- 
Star appear," by If. J. BuclaU, 1842, p. 42. 

11. der allai Mttf vet lores. [7A« iteflneNly Spirit.} 
Tbla beautiful hymn on Self-Renunciation appeared iu 

1703, p. 133 (ed. EKmann, 18B0, D. 210), in S St. of 4 1., 

but both KocK, vt. 13v, and £VfcAer, 11. 138, regard A.'* 
authorship as very doubtful. Included oa No. 719 In 
Fregling&atatttr't G. B. 1T05, and recently aa No. 614 
In the tnti. L. S. 1861. In Xnapji'i ed. 1846, p. 8, 
beginning " O wer alles htitt* verloten," In 7 et. The 
only tr. In C. U. Is, " Well for him who all thiols 
losing," a very good tr. omitting at. iii. by Miaa Wink- 
worth, In the lat Series of her Ajrra Ger. 1866, p. 134 (ed. 
ISTS,p. 136), and repeated in her C. B.far EnqiaivL 1863, 
No. 133, omitting the tr. of at. vl. Included aa No. 4S1 
in the Feunsylvanlan Luth. f,». Bk. 1868, and, with 
the omisBlon of at. vt.-Yii., in the Amer. Mttk. EpiKopal 
Hymnal, 1878. 

Other trs. are : (1) " O wore all things perishable," as 
No. 682 in pt. 1. of the Jftraeian H. Bk. 1764. (2) 
"Ah! the heart that has IbrsaiKrn," by Mrt. Findlater, 
to the fixinUp Treatury, lBSv, pt. 11. p. 208, and thence 
(quoting the German aa "Ach doe Bers verlassend 
alias") in the 4th Series, lsst, of the ft. h. L. (ed. 1862, 
p. 28», 1S84, p. SOS). (3) "0 how West who, all re- 
signing," by Jtri. L. C. Smithy in the Kunday Magazine, 
1886, p. (46. 

IIL Hwans wrongly attributed to Arnold, 
12-14. 

Seven hymns of this class have been fr. Into English. 
Of these two are noted under Lo&tntttin, one onder 
Schrffkr, and one under J. L. Faher. The others are : — 

It. Ba gehit manoara Wtg usd Bahn. [Lift's Voyage.] 
1st pub. In Der Weiiheti Gartetigeviacht, 1703, edited by 
Arnold. Jfftmatm, 1858, p. 246, includes it in 7 et. of 4 
1., but saye it is certainly not by Arnold, ifaann, 1846, 
p. 17H, quotes it, beginnli>g, **Gm mancher Weg, gar 
manche Babn," as from a us. doled 1734, and Included 
It in lila En. I,. S. 1850, No. 15SS (ed. 1886, No. 1651). 
Tr. as " Full many a way, full many a path," by JKitt 
Winkworth, wea, p. 205. 

13, du suas3 Lust. [Communion with Christ.] 
Aplieared In 1638, No. 140, as above; but distinctly 
marked as " by another," In /faonp, 1846, p. 78. in* 
eluded in st. of 6 1,, aa No. 458, in FreyhnghaMten't 
G. B 1704, and at No. 388 In Portt't 0. B„ ed. 1869. 
The trt. are; (1) "Othou Pleasure bleat," as No. 680 
In pt. t. of the Moravian B. hk. 1764 ; (2) " BUhs beyond 
compare," founded on ibe 1754, as No. 'J83 in the Antra* 
irtan //. Bk. 1789. In full as No. 88 in the BiUt If. Bit. 
1845, and as No. 672 InKeld's Praise Bk. 1872. 

U. BalV nns mit dainer Liah-. [7*« XingtUm of 
QodJi 1st pub. 17Q2,p, 628, but distinctly markedas" by 
another." in A'novp, 1846, p. 10. Included as No. 746 
in frcolingXaxteift G. B. 1706, and recently, aa No. 
108, In Knapp'B *b. L. S. I860 (ed. 1986, Do. 200). Tr. 
ce " Anoint us with Thy blessed love," by Jfiti H'ini- 
•OOl-tA, 1868, p. 283. 

1>. Fraui Dibeltns in his elaborate biogrupliy (Gatt- 
frlsl ArwM. Berlin, 1873) at pp. 190-183, 246-248, 
ouotea four hymna not Included by Ehmann, which he 
tidnka may 1 posaibly be by Arnold, One of these la 
" Zum Leben ftlbrt eln Kbmaler Weg " (q. v.). 

[J. It] 



ABOUND THE THEONE 

Arnseliwanger, Johdim Okristoph, 

Bon of Gcorg AriiHchwanger, merchant in Kiirn- 
boi^, was b. aX Nlimberg Deo. 23, 1U25. Ho 
entered the Universily of Altdorf in 1614, and 
that of Jena in 1647, where Jie gntdnated 
MA. Aug. 9, 1647. After ahort periods of 
residence at Leipzifj, Hamburg, and Helm- 
atadt lieretnrned toNiirnbergiu 1G50. There 
he Tfas succossively appciiilod Stadt-vicar in 
1651, Diftsnniw of the St Aegidien Church 
1(152, MoratugFreaeher iii St Walpurga'slf;54, 
And Dijieoniia of tiio Cliureli of St. Loronz 
16511, where Ue liecimie Senior 167ii, and 
Arcuidiaconus 1690. Hetl. at Numbi'rg, Dec. 
10, 169G, {Koch, iii. 517-520 ; AUg. JJmtsclm 
Biog., i. 597.) 

A lover of music and poesy, he was tbo 
correspondent of Anton Ulrieli (q^. r.) and a 
member of the Fruitbearing Society (1675). 
Ho did not join the NUrnberg Feenitz Slicp- 
herd Order, seeking in his poetical work sim- 
plicity and fitness for popular use rather than 
their oomewhat affected •' leamedneas." The 
best of LU byains, snme 400 in all, the most 
important being those pub. iu 1659, appeared 
in his:— 

i, AeiiegiiWlicfc /.inter, NOrnbetg, 1650, In two books, 
each containing 20 hymna, set to muaic by the best 

Tniats and choir masters In Nttmber£. 
ifctf^re i"alme» mtd ChrUtlicbe Ptalmea, NQra- 
berg, 1680, with 150 hymns in three divisions, with 
melodies by the musicians of KUmberg. 

Of these hymns the only one tr. into English 
is: — 

Auf, ihr Ghriatan, laxat nna ajngen. [Easter.] 
1st pub. in 16*59 aa above, Bk. i,, No. 13, in 12 st. 
of 11 1., entitled " On the Victorious Resurrec- 
tion of Jesus Christ from the dead, in which our 
future Resurrection is also set forth." Included 
in the Jffimom; Q. B., 1676, No. 227, as No. 98 
in pt- ii., 1714, of Freylinghatuen's (?. B., and 
recently (red need to st.i.,ix.)as No. 313 in the 
Berlin G. B., 1829. The only tr. in C. U. is, "Up, 
ye Christians, join in singing," from the Berlin 
Q. B. in N. L Frothingham's Metrical i'iccm, 
Boston, U.S., 1870, p. 194, and theHce altered 
and beginning, " Rise, ye Christians," as No. 644 
in the S(ti-tfc»ftorffH>n Cbtf.,Lond., 1880. [J.M.J 

Aroimd the throna of God, a, band 
[in oirollag band]. J.M.NeaU. [Children's 
ItymnJ] This hymn appeared in Dr. Neale's 
Synmt/or Children, lstSeries, No. xxxi., 1842, 
in 9 st. of 4 1. (with Bp. Ken's dosology), for 
Miehaelmas Day. Two forms have been the 
outgrowth. The first, beginning with tho 
same first line, » found, somewhat altered, in 
Htirland's Ch. PaaMer. &c„ No. 248 : Thriug's 
CoH.,1882,in4st.,with "Thine" for "Thy," 
st. 3, 1. 1, It. A. & M., 1875, No. 335, and other 
hymnals, and the second, " Around the throne 
m circling band," in the Ettrum Hymnal, 1868, 
No. 312, and others. 

Around the throne of God in heaven 
Thousands of children. Anne Shepherd. 
[Children's Hymn.] Pub. in her Hymns 
adapted to the Chmprehension of Young Minds. 
No. 29, in 6 st of 5 L The dato of the 1st 
ed. of this work is undettuTnined. Dr. Moffatt 
fr, this hymn into the Beehuana language 
tut Ms Kurunwn Coll, 1838. In 1853, 4 st 



ABOUND THE THRONE 

were transferred to the Leeds B. Bk,, No. 877, 
and from thence passed into later collections. 
Orig. text in the Metk. 8. S. H. Bit., 1879, 
No. 448, with the change in *t v., 1. 3," that 
precious, purple flood" to "that purpfe, pre- 
cious flood." It is in very extensive use in 
America and other English-speaking coun- 
tries. Orig. text in Lyra Brit., 1837, p. 405. 

Around the throne of grace we meet. 
J. Montgomery, [Koine WortMp.'] This hymn 
seems from its character and construction to 
have beta written for one of the great "Whit- 
suntide gatherings of S. School cliildren in 
Sheffield, or for an occasion of n somewhat 
similar kind. No record, however, is found 
amongst the "m. mbs.," and we trace its first 
publication to his Original Hymns, 1853, No, 
323, in 5 st of 4 1., with the title, " Unity in 
Faith, Hope, and Feeling." Its use is limited. 

Around Thy grave, Lord. Jesus. J. 
0. Deck. [Holy Baptism.] 1st pub. in P*. & 
flu*., Lou., Wolther, 1842, pt i., No. 277, in 
4 st. of 8 1. It is given in nn unaltered form 
inSpurgeon's 0. 0. H. Bk., 1806, No. 921 ; and 
in tho Bapt P*. <fc Hys„ 1858, No, 699, with 
alterations made for that collection by Mr. 
George Bawson. Tho American collections, 
however, usually follow the original text 

Around Thy table, Holy Lord. Mary 
Peters, ne'e Bowly. [Holy Communion.] 1st 
put. iu Ps. and Syr., Loo., Walther, 1842, 

rU No. 253, in 7 st of 4 1. In 1847, 
was included, with alterations by Mrs. 
Peters, in her B ymm intended to help the Coat. 
of Saint*, No. 89. Tho form in G. U, as in 
Dr. Walker's Cheltenham Colt, and others, is 
that of 1842, In the Amer. Bapt. Praise Bh, 
N. T„ 1871, No. 793, the Serv. of Song for Bapt. 
Churches, Boston, 1871, No. 837,and others, 
tliere in a cento composed of the opening stanza 
of this hymn, together with st. t. and vi., from 
T. Cotterill's "Bless'd with the presence of 
their God," slightly altered. [W. T. B.] 

Around Thy table, Lord, vra meet 
[Holy Communion.] The hymn beginning 
with this first line in the 15th ed. of Btowell's 
Set. (1877) is a cento the greater portion 
of which is an alteration and rearrangement 
of Mrs. Petarg's hymn as above. 

Arrayed in majesty divine. What 
power, &o. J. Mtrriek. [Ps. eiv.] A cento 
from his paraphrase of Ps. air. The original 
was pub, iu his Ptalna, Translated or Para- 
phrased in English Verse, 17G5, in 140 lines 
beginning, "Awake, my soul, to hymns of 
praise," and repeated, with alterations and 
additions by the Bev. W. I>. TattersaU, iu hia 
cd. of Mtrriek, 1797. The cento, as in Klppis's 
CoU. of Hys., &c, 1795, nnd later editions, as 
also in one or two modem collections, is 
slightly altered from the original. 

Arrayed in robes or virgin white. 
G. Moultrie. [Martyr*.'] 1st pub. iu the 
Church Times, June 10, 1865, under the signa- 
ture "ft M.," and again in the Author's 
Hymns & 'Lyrics, 1867, in 6 st. of 6 1„ witli the 
heading) "Hymn for Festival of Martyrs," 



AS HELPLESS AS 



83 



p. 157. In 1867 it was included in tboPeopfe"i 
H., No. 210, with the substitution of the 
refrain for tho last three lines of tlie original 
concluding stanza, thereby attaining uni- 
formity throughout 

Art thou acquainted, O my soul? 
C. Elliott. [Despondency.] 1st printed in 
1834, in tho Appendix to the Invalid's H. Bit., 
the entire Appendix, being from Miss Elliott's 
pen. It is No. vi., is headed " Under Depres- 
sion of Spirits," and based on Job xxii. 21. It 
is in 8 st. of 4 ]., and is retained in subsequent 
editions. [W. t. B.] 

Art thou, Lord, rebuking nations. 

W. H. Ravergal. [In time of war.) Written 
in September 1831, and printed for the Ch, 
Miss. Soc. Anniversary in Astley Church, 
Sent. 23, 1831, the text on that day being 
Amos viii. 11. It was in 5 st of 6 1. Included 
in Life Echoes, 1883. [ha v. mss.] 

Art thou, sinner, sighing, weeping. 

A. AfwHane. [Invitation.'] Written on Doc 
4, 1879, and 1st pub. in the Joyful Tiding* M. 
Bh. t 1880, No. 4, in 5 st. of 4 L [e. mss.]. is in 
the metre of "Art Thou weary, Ac," and Is 
frequently used in Mission services. 

As birds their infant brood protect. 

W. Cotcper. [Divine Protection.] Appeared 
in the Olney Hymns, 1779, Bk. i. No. 72, in 
5 st. of 4 1. It is baaed on Ezek. xlviiL 35. 
It is found in several of the older hymnals, in- 
cluding CotterilTt, 1810 to 1819, BiekertteWs, 
1833, and others, but its modern use is con- 
fined mainly to America. 

As Christ our Saviour's gone before. 
G. Thring. [Ascension.] Written in 1863, 
and 1st pub. in his Hymns Congregational 
and Other), 1866, p. 42, and from thence has 
passed into the Uppingham School H. Bk., 
the By. Camp., Taring's Coll., &o. It is based 
upon the Collect for Ascension Day. 

As for Thy gifts we render praise. 

[National Hymn.] Licensed to Christopher 
Barker in 1578 and appended to the subse- 
quent editions of the Accession Service in 
Q. Elizabeth's reign. It is headed "Anthem 
or Prayer for tlie preservation of the Church, 
the Queen's Majesty & the Bealm, to be sung 
after evening prayer at all times." It has a 
ahoruB; — 

" Save, Lord, and blew wJtb good Increase 
Thy Chuicb, our Queen and Keibn, la peace." 

After this chorus, which heads the Anthem, 
eome 4 st, of 6 1, and the chorus added as 
above. Tho hymn has been reprinted in fall 
in the Parker Society's edition of Liturgies & 
Occasional Form* of Prayer in the reign of 
Queen Elizabeth, Cambridge, 1847, p. 560, but 
the original spelling is not retained. In 1863 
Dr. Kennedy gave in his BymndL Christ., 
No. 736, a slightly varying form in the 
original spelling, but whether the variations 
are by him, or ore due to differences in the 
early copies is unknown, (W. T. B,] 

As helplese as the [a] child who 
clings. J, D, Burns. [Trust.] 1st pub. in hia 



84 



AS HIGH AS THE 



little book of prayers and hymns, The Evening 
Frnnn. 1857, No. 9, in 3 st. of 8 1., and headed 
« Childlike Trust" It is given in the Ap- 
pendix to Dr. Walker'G Cheltenham CoU., the 
new ed. of Stowell's Coll. (let ed., 1831), and 
others. It is a tender, childlike hymn, for 
private use, and is sometimes given aa a hymn 
for children. 

As high, as the heavens, and as vast. 

J. Conder. [Ps. xxxvi.] The earliest date 
to which we have traoed this version of 
Pa. xxxvi. is Condei's Hymns of Praise, 
Prayer, Ac, 1856, p. 13, in 5 st. of 4 1. In 
1859 it wa* republished in the Neu> Cong., 
1859, No. 49, in an unaltered form. 

As many as In Adam die. C. Wesley. 
[Holy Communion.] This cento as in the 
Meth. Free Ch. S. Bk., No. 711, is compiled 
from two of C. Wesley's Short Hymns, 1762, 
vol. ii., thus : st. t. from No. 248, on Matt, 
xxvi. 28 ; st. ii. from No. 88, on Matt. vii. 11. 
Fnll text in P. Works, 1868-72, vol. x. pp. 201 
and 400. 

As morn to night succeeds. W.C.Dix, 

[Victory through Suffering.'] 1st pub, in the 
People'. H., 1807, No. 459, in 9 st. of 4 1. 

As much have I of worldly good. 

J. Conder. [Contentment.'] Appeared in his 
Star in the East, and Other Poem, 1824, 
pp. 60-61, in 4 st of 6 1. and entitled " The 
Poor Man's Hymn, ' Hath not God chosen the 
poor of this world, rich in faith, and heirs of 
the kingdom,' James, ii. 5." In 1856 it was 
repeated in his Hymns of Praise, Prayer, &c, 
p. 147, and headed with the text, "The 
disciple is not above his Master," Luke vi. 
40. The congregational use of tills hymn 
began with Bicttersteth's Christ. Ptalmo., 1833, 
and Conder'a Cong. H. Bit., 1836, No. 433. It 
was repeated by the N. Cong^ 1859, No. 348, 
and Bnepp's Songs of G. & G., 1872, No. 740, 

As nigh Babel's streams we sate. 

G. Wither, [Ps. exxxvii.] A rendering of 
Ps. exxxvii. in st. of 6 1. from his Version 
of the Psalms, 1632, into the Anthotogia 
Davidiea, 1846, pp. 479-81. [Entfak PMltan, 

§ io.] 

As oft with worn and weary feet 
J. Edmeston. [Sympathy of Christ.] This is 
No. iv. of his Fifty Original Hymns, 
Northampton, 1833, pp. 7-8. The hymn is 
founded on Heb. iv. 15, and is in 4 st. of 6 1. 
Orig. text, Lyra Brit., 1867. Its use, which is 
somewhat extensive, is mainly confined to 
America. In the Amer. Bapt. Praise Bk., N. 
Y„ 1871, No. 984, it is attributed to " Wilber- 
foree " in error. [W. T. B.] 

As panting, in the sultry beam. 
John Bawdier. [Ps. ^lii.] A metrical 
rendering of Pb. xlii: from his Select Pieces in 
Verse and Prote, 1816, p. 60, in 2 parts, each 
containing 4 st of 6 1. The first part iB found 
in some of the older collections, including 
Elliott's Ps. <fe Hyt., 1835, and others, but has 
almost entirely fallen out of use in Oh Brit. 



AS SHOWERS ON 

It is still found in a limited number of 
American hymnals. Orig. text, Lyra, Brit, 

i8S7, p. sa 

As pants the hart for cooling 
Springs* J. Merrick. [Ps. xlii.] This 
metrical paraphrase of Ps. xlii. appeared 
in Merrick's Psalms Tr. or Paraplirased in 
English Verse, 1765, in 16 st. of 4 1. Various 
compilations have been made therefrom, ns in 
Collyer's Set. of 1812, tho Islington Coll. of 
1830, and others. 

As pants the hart for cooling 
streams. Tate and Brady. [Vs. xlii.] 
Appeared in the Nets Version of tlie Pealnu, 
169(5, in 6 double stansas of 4 1. Prom it 
numerous compilations have been made 
extending from three stanzas to six, with 
T. & B.'s C. M. doxology sometimes added as 
in II. A. & M., but usually without alterations, 
savo in some special instances to be noted, 
A copy of tho Book of Common Prayer with 
tho New Version appended Jhereto being 
within the reach of all, full details of those 
arrangements from the original are uncalled 
for (see &n>. P*«ltw», § 13). Tho principal 
texts which have been altered are : — 

1. That by the Rev. H. F. Lyte, which 
appeared in his Spirit of the Psalms, 1834, in 
4 Bt. of 4 I., the third stanza being rewritten 
from T. <6 B. It is found in several collec- 
tions both in G. Brit, and America, and may 
be recognized by comparing any given text 
with tho N. Cong., 57, or Snepp's Songs of G, 
A G., 513. 

2. Another version is found in Hall's 
Mitre, 1836. From Hall's ms. Notes in hU 
private copy of the Mitre, we find the altera- 
tions were made by E. Osier, who assisted 
Hall in compiling that collection. This ar- 
rangement is limited in use. 

As pants the hart for water-brooks. 

[Ps. xlii.] This L. M. version of Ps. xlii., of 
more than usual merit, is .given anonymously 
in the Presb. Hymnal, Philadelphia, 1874. 

As panto the wearied hart for cool- 
ing streams. G. Gregory. [P*. xlii.] 1st 
pub. in 1787 in George Gregory's translation 
of Bp. Lowth's PraelectionetSaerae. It is a tr. 
of the Bishop's Latin Version of Ps. xlii. It 
was given in an altered form in Gotterill's Sel., 
1819, p. 25, in 9 st. of 4 1., and repeated in 
Montgomery's Christian Psalmist, 1825, p. 58, 
with, in the latter case, the signature in the 
Index — " Bp. Lowth." It lias come into C. U. 
in its altered form, both in G. Britain and 
America, but abbreviated. It is found in tho 
Amer. Prot. Epis. P. Bk. Coll. ns early as 
1826. [W. T. B.] 

As showers on meadows newly 
mown. T. Gibbons. [Divine Influence.] 
Printed in 1784 as No. 28 in Bk. i, of bis Hymns 
adapted to Divine Worship, in 6 st. of 4 1. 
It is founded on Ps. Ixxii. 6, and headed " The 
Divine Influences resembled to Bain." In 
1787 Dr. Rippon included it in his Sot, 
No. 209. It was repeated in later editions, 
and front thence passed into many collections, 



AS SOME TALL BOCK 

In America specially it has loug been in 0. It. 
in various forme, the most popular being 
at. iv., v., vi,, as : — " As, in soft silence, vernal 
showers^' — sometimes altered to — "AsuAentn 
silence, vernal showers." [W. T. B.] 

As some tall rook amidst the waves. 

/, Newton. [St. Stephen.'] On " The Death of 
Stephen," in C at. of 4 I., and 1st pub. in the 
Olney Hymn*, 1779, Bk. i., No. 120, and re- 
peated, without alteration, in later eds. It 
was in 0. V. as early as Ootterill's Set, 1810. 
It is seldom found in modem collections. 

As the dew from heaven distilling. 
T. Kelly. [Divine Worihip.] This hymn is 
given in the collection! in two forms : — (1.) 
The original, which was pub. by Kelly in the 
1st ed. of his Hymn*, 4c, 1801, p. 98, hy. sot., 
in 2 st. of 8 ]., and baBed npon Dent xxxii. 2. 
For some reason, not accounted for, Kelly 
omitted it from all subsequent editions of his 
Hynm*, &c. The original text, liowever, is 
retained in the Bap. Ps. & Hy*. 1858 and 1880, 
No. 812. InP.Maurice's(7tora!rJ.m,1861,it 
is attributed to «Gwyther,"in error. (2.)The 
second form is that given to it by J. Bulmer, 
In his Hy*. Orig. and Select, 1835, Bk. iii., 
No. 176. It is found in modern editions of 
Bippon'a Set, in Snepp's S. of G. & G., nnd 
others, and can be detected at once by the 
third lino of st. i., reading "Richly unto oil 
fulfilling," for the orig. " And revives it, thus 
fulfilling," In thUform the ascription is " T. 
Belly, 1804, J. Bulmer, 1835." [W. T. B.] 

As the hart, with eager looks. J. 
Montgomery. [Pi. xlii.] 1st pub. in his 
Songs of Zion, 1822, in i st. of 6 1., and sub- 
sequently in various editions of his Poetical 
World. It is only in limited use in G.Britain; 
but is given in several American collections 
including Songs for the Sanctuary, 1865, and 
others. Also in Martineau's Colt*., 1840 and 
1873. 

As the sun's enlivening eye. J. New- 
ton. [Parting.] Bull, in hiB life of Newton, 
p. 222, gives the following account of the 
origin of this hymn : — 

"In November [i? VflJ Mr. Newton undercrenl on 
operation for * tumour in bis thigh. He was mercifully 
brought through It, and was very soon able to resume 
his ordinary duties. On this occasion he composed the 
(111 hymn, Bk. 11. In the Olncy .ffymnj." 

As intimated, the hymn appeared in the 
Olney Hymns, 1779, in 7 st. of 4 1., and headed 
■* Parting." It came into use in the older 
collections, and is still found in a few hymnals 
both in G. Britain and America. The hymn, 
" For a season called to part," which is given in 
the New Cong., 1859, No. 848, and other col- 
lections, especially in America, is composed of 
st lv., v., and vi. of this hymn. 

As thy day thy strength shall be. 
Frances It. Bavergal. [Daily Strength.'] Writ- 
ten Jan. 1, 1859, and pub. in the Sunday 
Maganne, July 1807. It was also inscribed 
by the author in the Album of her sister (Miss 
M. V. G. Hnvergal), and from that has been 
lithographed in facsimile in Miss M, Havcr- 
(tal's Memorial* of her. Miss Havergal's note 
Uo the hymn is : — 



AS WITH GLADNESS 



85 



" The New Tfear'a Bella were ringing In St. Nicholas' 
Cburch close to our Rectory (Worcester). 1 was sleep- 
ing with my slater Maria ; tbe roused me to hear them, 
and quoted tbe text, ' As tby daya thy strengtb shall 
be.' as a Hew Year's Motto, I did not answer, but 
presently returned it to her In rhyme (tbe two Brit 
veraea, I think). She was pleased, so I finished it the 
next day and gave It her. The last verse, with a (light 
alteration, was placed by my cousins on Aunt laard'a 
tomb, 1SS9, thus : — 

H Now thy daya on earlh are past, 
Christ bath called thee home at last," [aav. x» J 

This hymn is not in C. IT. in G. Brit, but 

it has been adopted by various American com- 
pilers, and is given in My*, and Bongt of 
Pratte, N. Y„ 1874, Songs of Christian Praite, 
N. Y„ 1880, Ao. 

As to His earthly parents' home. 

H. Alford. [Epiphany.] Composed in 1865 
for and 1st pub. in his Fear of Praise, 1607, 
No. 36, in 4 st of 4 l. t and appointed for the 
" First Sunday after Epiphany." In 1879 it 
was transferred from thence to the Meth. S. 
8. H. Bk., No. 144, in an unaltered form. It 
is also in other collections, including the Amer, 
Bys. for the Church, N. Y., 1869, No. 130. 

As various as the moon. T. Scott 
[Change* in IAfe.] Contributed to Dr. Enfield's 
Hymn* for Pttolfc Worship, Warrington, 1772, 
No. 130, in 6 st. of 4 1., and headed, " The 
changes of human life appointed by God." 
In common with all the hymns in that collec- 
tion it was unsigned. In 1795 it reappeared in 
the Unitarian hymn-book known us " Hippie's 
Coll. 1795," No. 378, with the signature 
" Scott." From the foregoing collections it 
has passed into various hymnals in G. Brit 
and America, sometimes slightly altered, as 
" As changing as the moon." Orig. text as 
above. It is somewhat curious that Scott did 
not include this hymn in his Lyric Poems and 
Hymns, 1773. [W. T. B.] 

As when the deluge waves 'were 
gone. Sir J. Bowring. [Joy after Sorrow.-] 
1st pub. in the 3rd ed. of his Matins and Ves- 
pers, 1841, in 5 st of 4 1., and entitled " Joy 
after Sorrow," In I860 it was included un- 
altered in Miss E. Courlauht's £>,, Hy*. and 
Anthem*. 1660, No. 370. 

As 'when the weary traveller gains. 

J. Newton. [Nrnring Heaven.] Included in 
the Olney Hymns, 1779, Bk. iii., No. 58, in 
6 at. of 4 1. and entitled "Home in View," 
and continued in later editions of the same. 
It was given at an early date in the old 
collections, and is still in somewhat exten- 
sive use both in G. Britain and America, 
specially in the latter. In a great many cases 
the text is altered and abbreviated. TheBapt. 
P*. & Hy*. 1858, No. 576, is an exception 
in favour of the original. The Bev. E. Bing- 
ham has given a Latin rendering of the ori- 
ginal with the omission of st. ii. In his Bymnol. 
ChrUt. Lai., 1871, p. 67 :— " Ut quando fessus 
longa regione viator." 

As with gladness men of old W. 
C. Dix. [Epiphany.] " Written abont 1860 
during an illness " (c wss.) and first printed 
in a small collection of hymns for private circu- 
lation, entitled Bymn* of Love and Joy, and 



86 



ASCEND THY THRONE 



then in the trial copy of H. A. A M. In 18C1 it 
waspub. in 5 st. of 6 1. almost timuitaneously in 
the St itai^raZfffiMwi, Bristol, and in B. A. 
& M. From that date it has been incorporated 
in neatly every now hymnal and in new edi- 
tions of the older collections in nil English- 
speaking countries. Very slight variations in 
the text are sometimes found, as in the revised 
ed. of H. A . it. iff., 1 875. Theauthor'aauthorized 
text is in Ok. Hys., 1871, and Taring's Coll., 
1882. This hymn was brought into great 
prominenco by Sir Roundell Palmer (Lord Sel- 
bome) in his paper on English Church Hym- 
nady, at tho Church Congress at York in 
186 J :— 

"Of writers still living (the names o( many, and of 
Home very eminent, will at once occur to my hearers), 1 da 
nut feel culled «p«n to make myself In this place, 
either tlie critic or the eulogist. But I may be per- 
mitted 1o say, that the most favourable hopes may be 
entertained of the future piospecti of British Hyronody, 
-v/iien amonK its most recent fruits is a work no admi- 
rable in every respect as the Epiphany Hymn of Mr. 
Cuattertoo Dix; than which there can be nomore appro- 
priate conclusion to this lecture, ' As with gladness men 
of old.' " 

An anonymous hymn — "As in Eastern lands 
afar" — given in Holy Sang for all Seasons, 
Lon., Bell and Daldy, 18(59, in 4 st. of 8 1., is 
based upon, and is an imitation of " As with 
gladness men of old." We have not met with 
it elsewhere. [J. J.] 

Ascend Thy throne, Almighty King. 
S. Beddome. [3ft'ssioni.l A short hymn in 

3 si of 4 1, on liehalf of Missions, which was 
given in Rippon's Sel., 1787, No. 370, and 
repeated unaltered in all subsequent editions 
of the same. It was also included in B. 
Hall's ed. of Beddome's Humne, 1817. The 
use of this hymn in G. Brit, lifts almost Reused, 
but in America it is given in a great number 
of collections^ and is most popular. 

Ascended Lord, accept our praise 

Bp. W. W. Hone. [Thursday.] Appeared in 
tho Vanish Magazine, as tho firat of three 
""Week-day Hymns," Match, 1871, in 5 st. of 

4 1. and appointed for Thursday. Tho same 
year it wns includod in Ch. Hys., No. 58, with 
one change only, st. iii- 1. 1, " And week " for 
" Yet, week," &c This latter text, with the 
omission of st. ii., wns also given in Throng's 
Coll., 1882. 

Aschenfeldt, Christoph Carl Julius, 

b. March 5, 1792, ut Kiel. After studying 
nt Gottingen he became, in 1819, pastor at 
Windbergen in Holstein. In 1824 he was 
appointed diaconus, and in 1829 chief pastnr 
of St Nicholas's Church in Fieusburg; as also, 
in 1850, Probst of tho district of Flensburg, 
and in 1851 Superintendent of the German- 
speaking portion of the Duchy, when he re- 
signed the lust of these offices in 1854, being 
nppniutod oberconsistnrialrath. He cl. at 
Fieusburg, Sept. 1, 185C. His 150 hymns, 
elegant in form, but marked with some of tho 
eighteenth century coldness, were contributed 
to various works and appeared ill collected 
forms as : — 

(1) Feterktiingt. Gtittlicht lAe&erwnd Gebete ayfdie 
Smn*mtd Fattagt. Labeck, 1923, containing 203 pieces. 



ASLEEP IN JESUS 

of which 130 are by A. and tbe rest by hla brother-in- 
law, Heinrich Schmidt, pa-tof in Kddelnck, Holstein. 

(2) SWiUfeaei SaUaupUl, Schteswig, 1841, including 
112 hymns, some of tbem altered versions of surlier 
pieces (JCoc*, vii. IBS-l&S i AUff. Deuticht Biog., 1. SIS). 

Of his hymns the only one (r. into English 
is: — 

Ail bdUohem Getnmmal. [Following Oirisi.1 
Founded on St. John liv. 6, and contributed 
to Wehner's Christosopliisches 0. B., Kiel, 1819, 
No. 40, in 3 sts. of 8 lines, entitled, "Jesus — the 
Way — the Truth — the Lift," and being marked 
A — dt, has been erroneously ascribed to E. M. 
Aniilt. Included in the Feierklange, 1823, p. 269, 
and in various hymn-books, e.g. the Berlin 
G. L. 8., ed. 1863, No. 623. The trs. of this in 
C. U. are:— 

1, Amid life's wild commotion. A full and good 
ti:, included as No. 226 in Bp. Ryle's ff. for the 
Chvrck on JiartA, 1860, as No. 313 in Ken- 
nedy, 18l>3, and also in SchafTs Christ m Suit//, 
ed. 1869, p. 533, and Lib. of Bel. Poetry, ed. 
1883, p. 601. The translator is unknown. 

2, Amid this wold's (wmmotum. A good and 
and full tr. by Mrs. Findlater in the 4th. Series, 
1862, of the IT. L. L. (ed. 1862, p. 298 ; 1884, 
p. 218). Unaltered ns No. 132 in Jellieoe's Coll., 
1867, and as No. 501 in Windle's Coll. [J. M.] 

Ash, John, ll.d., b. at Stockland, Dor- 
setshire, cir. 1725, and studied for the Bnp. 
Ministry under tho Rev. Bernard Foskett, 
pastor of Broadmead, Bristol He received a 
call from this congregation in 1748, removing 
to Pershore, on the death of Mr. Cooke, in 
1751, d. at Pershore, Ap. 10, 1779. His works 
include an English Dictionary ; Dialogues of 
Eumenes ; and Grammatical IruAUitles. In 
conjunction with Dr. C. Evans, q, v., he edited 
the Bristol Bapt. Collection of Hymns adapted 
to Public Worship. Bristol, Pino, 1769, re- 
ferred to in this Dictionary as the Bristol Bapt. 
Coll. of Ash A Gratis. Dr. Ash was not a 
writer of hymns. [Bapt. Hymneiy.] 

Ask, and ye shall receive. X Mont- 
gomery. [Prayer.'} Written Sept. 16, 1832, 
and, according to notes by Montgomery on tho 
original MS., sent in its. to several persons 
at different times (n. jrtss.). It was included 
by him in his Original Hymns, 1353, No. 67, 
in 5 st. of 4 1., and entitled, " Asking, Seek 
ing, Finding." It is based upon Matt. vii. 
7, 8. It is in C. U. bath in G. Brit, and Ame- 
rica, but in each case to a limited extent. 

Ask, and ye surely shall receive. 

[Prayer.'] A cento in the Hys. for (he Chapel 
of Harrow Scliool, 3rd ed. 1866, No. 243, in 
5 st. of 4 1. Tlie Bt. i.-v. we have been unablo 
to trace, but st. vi. is from Montgomery's 
" Prayer is the soul's sincere desire," q, v. 

Asleep in Jesus! blessed sleep. 

Margaret Machay. [Btirial of the Dead.] 
Appeared first in The Amethyst ; or Chrv&ian's 
Annual for 1832 (Edin. W. Oliphnnt), edited 
by E. Huie, m.d., and B. K. Q-reville, ll.d., 
p. 258, in 6 st. of 4 1. It is thus introduced :— 

" Sleeping in Jesus. By j[is, Maciay, or Hedgefleld. 
This simple but expressive sentence is Inscribed on a 
tombstone in « rural burying ground in Devonshire, 
and gave rise to the following verses. 1 ' 



ASLEEP IN JESUS 

In reprinting it at p. 1 of her Thought* 
Redeemed, 1854, Mrs. Mackay says the bury- 
ing ground meant is that of Fennyoross 
Chapel, She adds : — 

14 Distant only a few miles from a bustling and 
crowded seaport town, retched through a succession of 
those lovely green lane* for which Devonshire li no 
remarkable, toe quiet aspect of Pennycroes comet 
soothingly over tbe tniod. 'Sleeping in Jeans' eeema 
In keeping with all aromad." 

From the Amethmt it has passed into nu- 
merous hymnals in G-. Brit, and America, and 
was recently included, in full, and unaltered, 
as No. 241 in the Scottish Pre$b. Hymnal, 1876, 
and as No. 31 in the Free Church H. Bk., 1882. 
In Taring's Coll., 1882, No. 557, we have a 
cento composed of the first stanza of Mrs, 
Mackay'B hymn, and st. ii.-ri. from Wiring's 
" Asleep in Jesus, wondrous sleep," as noted 
below, but somewhat altered. Tins cento is 
unknown beyond Turing's CWI. [J. M.] 

Asleep in Jesus, wondrous sleep. 
G. Thring. \BurlaU\ Written in 1871, nnd 
1st pub. in Freb. Hnttnn's Lincoln SuppL, 
1871; again, with music, in Hymn Times, 
2nd series, by Henry Hujjo Pierson, 1872; 
nnd in the author's Hymn* and Sacred Lyrist, 
1874, in 6 st. of 4 L In 1880 it wns included 
in ttie 1st ed. of Thring's CWI., No. 235, but 
in the 2nd cd. it was superseded by the 
cento noted above. 

"Afafiev Jravref \aoL St. John of 
Damascus. The Canon for St. Thomas's 
Sunday (i.e. Low Sunday), iB based, in common 
with all the Greek Canons, upon the nine 
Canticles of the Greek service, with the omis- 
sion of the second, as in the case of Christmas 
and Easter Days (sea Greek lTymiiedy, § xvii. 
2, and 'AMwrio-swj Aue'pa.) It was written 
probably about the middle of the eighth cen- 
tury (St, John died about 780) ; and the OJes 
are found in the Ptntecoitarion in the service 
for St. Thomas's Sunday, commonly known in 
the Anglican Church as Low Sunday. Tlie 
translations of the first four Odes are :■ — 

Ode i. 'Atrtaftty »dVr*f \aot. Come, ye faith- 
ful, nlaa the strain.. This Ode is based upon the 
Canticle, " The Song of Moses," Ex. it. The tr. 
is by J. 11. Neale, and appeared in an article on 
"Greek Hymnology," in the Christian Semnm- 
brancer, ^prii, 1859 ; and again in his Hymns of 
t'ie E. Church, 1862, in 4 st- of 8 1. In 1868 it 
was included, with the substitution of a doxology 
for st. 4, In tna Appendix to Jf. A.Q-M., No. 291, 
and repeated in the revised edition of 1875. The 
ITymnary text, 1871-2, is, however, unaltered, 
hut that of Ch. Hys. is both slightly altered and 
abbreviated. In all cases the translation is used 
as an Easter Hymn. In the original there is a 
refrain to every verse. 

(Me til. SrsptWoV /it, Xf>urr4. On the rook 
of Thy oauuuaadmentt. This Ode is based upon 
the Canticle, " The Song of Hannah," 1 Ram. ii. 
Tr. by J. M. Neale as above. The tone of the 
tr. is graver than the original. Not in C. IT. 

Ode iv, Mrya to ftvoiiipiap. Ghrlat, we tnrn 
our eyea to Thee, is baaed on the Canticle, "The 
Song of Habakkuk," Hab. iii. Tr. by J. M. Nealo 
as above, omitting st. iv. Not in C. U. as a 
congregational hymn, bnt is found in Lyra Eu- 
tharistitxt, 1863, p. 42. 



ASPICE TJT VEEBUM 



87 



Ode v. 'Ex rvRris ap6pl(oyrts. Thee, Christ, 
we, very early rising, is based on the Canticle, 
"The Song of Isaiah," Is. xxvi. ff-MO. Tr. by 
J. M. Neale, ed. 1863, where the last two lines 
scarcely represent the original. Not in C. V. 
This Ode did not appear in the 1st ed. of Dr. 
Neale's tr. In Mr. Batherley's annotated ed. the 
first line begins, " Reconciliation's plan devising." 

The remaining Odes have not been rendered 
into English. Orig. Greek text, which dates 
from the middle of the 8th cent., is found in 
Modern Greek Service Books : and the various 
readings of Dr. Neale's tr. in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd 
eel. in Mr. Hatherley'e annotated ed. of the same, 
1882. [J. J,} 

Aapice, infami Deus ipse ligno. 
[Pasriontide.'] In the Appendix to the Rowan 
Breviary, Bologna, 1827, it is the Hymn at 
Matins for the t'eaMt of tie Passion o/ our Lord 
Jetus Christ, to be observed on the Tuesday 
after Bexngesima Sunday. It is now adopted 
for use in England on the Friday after Bexa- 
gesima Sunday ; by the Benedictine Order on 
Tuesday. See Atpiee at Ferttm Patrit. 

[W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. See, where in shame the Sod of (lory hang*. 
By E. Caswali, 1st pub. in his Lyra Catholica, 
1819, p. 65, in 5 st. of 4 1., and again in his 
Hymns $ Poems, 1873, p. 56. This is given, 
with alterations in the Hymnary, 1872, No. 239, 
the Catltulh Hymnal, No, 38, &c 

8, Is I en the inglorious, tree. By W. J. Blew. 
1st printed for use in bis church, and then pub. 
in his Chnreh Hy. $ Tuns Bk., 1852, Passiontide, 
No. 23, in 6 st. of 4 1., and from thence (much 
sltered) into the itev> Cong., 1859, No. 376, and 
the fiev. Howard Rice's Sel. of 1870, No. 40. 

Aspiee ut Verbum Patris a super* 

nis. Anon. [Passioniide.'] The only 
notice of this hymn in Daniel Is in the 
Index at the end of vol. v., thus : — " Orat. 
Domini in monte Oliveti, Frib." In the 
Appendix to the Soman Breviary containing 
the offices said in particular districts and 
places, not universally, it is the hymn at first 
and second Vespers, and at Matins, on the 
Feast of the Prayer of our Lord on Mount 
Olitet, Tuesday after Septuagesima Sunday. 
This office has of Into years been adopted in 
England (as well by religious orders as by 
seculars), and is appointed to be said on the 
Friday after Septnagesima Sunday (though 
tho Benedictine Order observe it on the 
Tuesday). It is the first of a series of Friday 
services, which extend to Friday in Passion 
week, as follows : — 

The Prayer in the Gulden. The Commemoration of 
tbe Passion. The Crown of Thorns. The Spear and 
Nails. The Holy Winding Sbeet. line Five Wounds, 
The Precious Ulood. The Ssven Dolours of the B. 
Vlpgin Mary. 

As a general note on the hymns occurring 
in these offices we may remark that — 

The festivals themselves were instituted at various 
times end in different localities : thus, that of the Holy 
Winding Sheet was granted, for observance on the 4th 
of May, to the Kingdom of Sardinia, ny Pope Julius 1 1, 
in lsoe, in honour of this relic, (or part of it) preserved 
at Turin ; that of the rrei'loua ttLood to Mantua, be- 



88 ASSBMBLlb AT TH¥ 

cause of a _portion In tho ColleglAte Church of St. 
Andrew ta that city ; that of the Crown of Tbome to 
Varls and other places in France, to be observed on 
August the nth, the anniversary of the day on which 
the relic was brought to Sens by Goutbier, Archbishop 
of that city, after having been obtained from the Vene- 
tians by the King St. Louis, aftenvards deposited in the 
Satnte-Chapelle in Paris; that of the Five Wounds 
occurs in the modern l'arla Breviary on the Friday after 
Ash- Wednesday. A relic of the Lance being preserved 
at Prague, Pope Innocent IV. (tM3-I2M) instituted the 
Office Tor observance hi the German Empire, In the 
following ten™ : "Granted tl»t the Lnnce and Kails, 
and otlier Instruments used In the Lord's Passion for 
procuring our salvation, are everywhere to be venerated 
by the frlthful in Christ ; and year by year solemn 
offices are celebrated in the church, and take place, 
having reepect to the Passion itself; nevertheless we 
consider it worthy and fitting if a solemn and special 
Feast should be celebrated and take place with refer- 
ence to the special instruments of that Passion, and 
particularly En those regions in which the instruments 
are preserved,*' We see how the observance has ex- 
tended. (See Guyet, Stortalog., Ub. iL Ac., Cavalleri, 
Omnwnt, in Sacra* Kituum CmaregatiimU Dtcreta, 
Lilt, I. Vap, iv, Ikeret vil.). [\V, A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. ;— 

1, See from on high, UTftjed in truth and grace, 
by E. Caawall, first appended in his Lyra Catho- 
Ika, 1849, and again in his Hymns <J- Poems, 
1873, p. 33, in C st. of 4 1., and entitled, " Prayer 
of Our Lord on Mount Olivet." The hymn : — 

9, Be* from on high, the ftouroe of saving Oraae, 
in the Hytnnarg, 1873, No, 240, is nn altered 
version of Caswall's translation. 

Assembled at Thy great command 

W. B. Collyer. [Missions.] 1st pub. in. his 
Hymn* Partly Coll. and Parilij OHg., 1812, 
No. 015, in at. of 4 1., and entitle J, "A 
Missionary Hymn for the Opening of the 
Service." It was repeated in utter editions ox* 
the same collection, and also was adopted by 
several of the older compilers. It is rarely 
found in modern hymnals in G. Britain, but 
its use in America is extensive. Usually it is 
abbreviated to four or less stanzas. 

Assembled in Thy house of prayer. 
J. Montgomery. [Divine Service.] Written 
for the Sheffield S. 8. Union, Whitsuntide 
gathering, 1840, and first printed on a fly- 
sheet for use st that time. The same year it 
was sent to Dr. Ltifehtld, and in 1812 it 
appeared as No. 31, in 6 st. of 4 1., in his col- 
lection of Original Spain, and headed, " For 
a divino blessinjj on the ministry of the 
word." (m. itss.) In Montgomery's Ori- 
ginal Hymns, 1853, it reappeared with the 
same title as No. 03. 

Astley, Charles Tamberlane, son of 

John William Astley, of DuMn field, Cheshire, 
Ixn-n at Cwmllecocdiog, near Mnllwyd, North 
Wales, 12 May, 1825, and educated at Jesus 
Coll., Oxford (of which he was a Scholar), 
graduating b.a. 1847, m.a, 1819. Taking 
Holy Orders in 1849, he was Evening 
Lecturer, Bidcford, 1849, Incumbent of 
Holwcll, Oxford, 1850-54, Vicar of Margate, 
1854-1864, and Rector of Blasted, 1864-7& 
Mr. Astley is the author of Songs in the 
Night, 1860. This work is composed partly 
of original hymns and partly of trs. from 
the German. The latter nre noted in port 
under tlicir first linos in German. Of the 
original hymns, " O Lord, I look to Thee," a 



AT EVENING TIME 

hymn for Private Use, in 10 at.of 4 1., is given 
in Stevenson's H. for the Ch. and Home, 1873, 

with the omission of st. viii. It was " written 
at Pisa, during illness, ubont December, 1858." 

Astonished and distressed. B. Bed- 
dome. [Lent] Contributed to Eippon's .Ssi., 
1787, No. 40, in 4 st. <if 4 1. and headed " 'Die 
evil heart." From Bippon it has passed into 
several selections, and is found in use at the 
present time both in G. Britain and America, 
sometimes in an altered farm. Orig. text as 
nbuve. A revised version of the text was 
given in the posthumous ed. of Beddome's 
Hymns, edited by B. Hall, 1817, No. 469. 
Tills is not in O. TJ. In some collections this 
hymn is attributed to Toplady, Ihw error 
arose out of the fact that Walter Bow in- 
cluded it in his unsatisfactory ed. of Toplady's 
Works. [W.TTB/J 

At even ere the sun was set. II. 

TtveUs. [Evening.'] Written for and 1st pub. 
in tlw Appendix to H. A<£ Jf., 1868,in7 st of 
4 1. It was originally in 8 st. The omitted 
st, No. iv., which h-ts since been reinstated 
in Church Hys„ 1871, Thring's Coll., 1382, 
and others, reads : — 

" And some are pressed witb worldly care, 
And some are tried witb sinlul doubt ; 
And some such grievous pnesions tear. 
That only Thou canst cast tlkem out." 

Since the first publication of the hymn in 
It. A. & M. in 1808, it has been included in 
almost every collection published from that 
date both in G. Britain and America. It ranks 
with the most popular of evening hymns. 
The text which lias the widest acceptance is 
that of-if A. it M. Three changes, however, in 
the opening line are found in the collections. 

(1) " At even, ere 'the sun did set " ; 

(2) "At even, wlieit the sun was set"; and 

(3) " At even, when the sun did set." Tho 
List reading is adopted in Thring's Coll., and, 
together with the second, is based upon the 
passage in St. Mark i. 32, "At even, when 
ike sun did set, they brought unto Him all 
that were diseased,"* die., in preference to the 
reading in St. Luke iv. 40, "Now, (revised, 
'And') when the sua wait $etting." This 
preference has the support of the majority of 
commentators both ancient and modern, the 
ground taken being the acknowledged unlaw- 
fulness (with the Jews) of such a gathering of 
diseased persons until the sun hail gone down, 
and the Sabbath was ended. The question 
was discussed by Mr. Twells and another in 
tho Literary Churchman, June and 23, 
1882. The weight of evidence given therein 
was strongly in favour of the amended reading. 
Authorized text in C7ntrcA Hymns. [3. J,] 

At evening time let there be light. 
J. Montgomery. [Evening.] This hymn on 
Zcch. xiv. 7, in 3 st. of 6 1. was written nt 
Conway, N, Wales, in Sept. 1828, and is re- 
ferred to by Holland in his Memoirs at Mont- 
gomery, vol. iv. p. 275. It was pub. in his 
Poet's Portfolio, 1835, pp. 181-2, and in his 
Poetical Works, 1841 and 1851. It is in exten- 
sive use in America, In 1858, the hymn "At 
evening time, when day is done," appeared 



AT EVERY MOTION 

in the Bap. P*. * Hys. No. 096. This k re- 
peated in later eds. of that collection, in the 
Bapt. Hymnal, 1879, and other hymnals. It 
is this hjrmn Tcamtnged by George Rawson, 
tind its right ascription is, "J. Montgomery, 
18118, rewritten 6j & itamsoit, 1858." 

At every motion of our breath. 
J. Montgomery. [Value o/ Time.'] Pub. in 
ilia Cftrtsiintt Pmlmtit, lS'i5, No. 512, in 5 st. 
of 41. and headed, "The Value of a Moment." 
in 185a it was repeated in his Original 
Hymns, No. 224, but is not amongst the 
" ir. jtss." It is usuallv given in on abbre- 
viated form. In J. H. Thorn's flyt., Chants, 
&c, 1858, it is in 3 St., and in the Scottish 
Evang. Union Hymnal, 1878, there ore 4 sts. 

At God's right hand in countless 
numbers. [Anticipation of Heaven.'] Thia 
hymn, which is No. 1247 of too Moravian 
H. Bk. of 1849. imd No. 408 of the Irish 
Church Hymnal, 1878^ is thus crjmposed : at. 
i. is a single verso written by Ignatius 
Montgomery as tlie opening of an "Ode" 
compiled for the funeral of the Rev. Christian 
Gottfried Clemens, who died nt Bristol 14th 
Aug. 1815 ; st ii. la a tr. of Wenn tchU'gt die 
avgenehma Stands ; and st iil. a tr. of 
angsnehme Awgenbltcke (1766). These trs. 
tire by Bishop Mollher (cir. 1774), from the 
German of Christian Gregor. They appeared 
as single verses in the (Moravian) Brethren's 
H. Bk., 1789. and were subsequently, in the 
edition of 1826, united by its editor. Bishop 
Foster, to the above stanza, " At God's right 
hand," &c, thus constituting the complete 
cento of 3 st. as in the Irish Ch. Hymnal 
For these details we arc indebted lo Major 
Crawford's Biog. Index of that Hymnal. 

At length the worst is o'er, and 
Thou art laid. J. Ktble. [Easter Eve.] 
1st pub. in his Cftrietjan Year, 1827, as the 
poem for Easter Eve, and continued in all 
subsequent editions of the same. II is in 8 st. 
of 8 1. In the Harrow School Gott. (var. dateB), 
No. 115, the firet stanza only is given. 

At length this restless heart is still. 

T. Davis. [Private Use.] 1st pub. in his 
Devotional Verse for a Month, 1855, and 
from thence it passed into the Bapt. P». & 
Hymns, 1858, No, 060, iu 6 st. of 4 1. To adapt 
it more fully for public worship the author 
re-wrote it for his Hymns, Old & New, &c, 
18C4, as, "Lord, I would count each moment 
Thine," No.346. It wasrepeatedinhisAnnua 
Sanctas, 1877, and is appointed for Nov. 16, 
and entitled ""Walking at Liberty." 

At the tomb where Christ hath been. 

6. Moultrie. [Easter.] Pub. in bis Hymns and 
Lyrics, 1867, in D Bt of 4 1., and entitled 
"Love is stronger than death." In the same 
year it was included in the People's H., 
No. 120.* In 1872 it was given in a revised 
form ns " Near the tomb where Christ hath 
been," in the Hymuary, No. 294. 

At Thy command, our dearest Lord. 

1. Waits. [Holy Communion.] This is 
No. six. of his hymns " Prepared for the Holy 



ATTEND, AND MARK 



80 



Ordinance of the Lord's Sapper," in his 
HymnmiS. Songs, 1107, Bk.iii., in 4 st of 4 1. 
It is headed "Glory in the Cross: or, Not 
ashamed of Christ crucified." In G. Britain 
its use is not equal to that to which it has 
attained in America. 

At Thy feet, O Christ, we lay. 
W. Bright [Morning.] lBt appeared in the 
Monthly Packet for October, 1867, and again 
iti Canon Bright's Hymns and Poems, 2naed. 
1874, in 5 st. of 6 I. Iu tho revised ed. of H. 
A.& M.,1815, it is given in full as No. 6, Willi 
the alteration in st in. 1. 2 of " on Thy grace '' 
to " in Thy grace." [W. T. B.] 

At Thy Feet, our God and Father. 
J.D.Burns. [A'ew Year.] Printed in the Eng. 
Presb. Ft. & Hys„ 1867, No. G2, and in his 
Remains by Dr. J. Hamilton, 1869, pp. 224-5, 
in 6 st of 4 1., and headed "New Year's 
Hymn,'' with the text, Pa. Ixv. 2, prefixed. 
It has attained to a fair position in tho 
hymnals of G. Britain, Canada, and America. 
Tho opening line sometimes reads, "At Thy 
feet, God our Father." 

At Thy transfiguration, Lord. C. 
Wordsworth, Bp. of Lincoln. [The Trans- 
figuration.] Appeared in his Holy Year, &c, 
1862, Nu. 24, in 12 st. of 4 1., and again, with 
slight alterations, in later editions of the 
same, No. 26, bnt divided iato two parts. 

Atohinson, Jonathan Bush, h. at Wil- 
son, New York, Feb. 17, 1840, and « licensed 
as a Mothodist Preacher," Sept. 6, 1874. Of 
his hymns the following are the best known : — 

I. Behold the stone is idled away. [Easter.] 
This was Mr. Atehiuson's first hymn. It ap- 
peared in the S. School Toms, Dec. 1874, It is 
not in use in Great Britain. 

4. Fully petsaaded., Loud, I believe. [Faith.] 
Written in 1874 or 1875, and 1st pub. in Gospel 
Hymns, No. 1. It is given in I. I). Sankey'a 
Sac. S. $ Solos, No. 149, with music by W. P. 
Sherwin. 

1. I have lead of a beautiful eity. [Heaven.] 
Written about the same time ss the former, and 
pub. iu Gospel Hymjis. It is given in I.D. Sankey's 
Sac. S. 4r Solos, Ko. 403, with music by 0. F. 
Presbrey. 

4t, crown of rejoieins' that's waiting 1 tar me. 
[T/ie Jtetoard,] This hymn is nlso m I. 0. 
Sankey's Sac. 8. $ Solos, No. 174, where it is set 
to music by P. Bliss. [F. M. B.] 

Atkins, Lucy. [Wilson, I.] 

Atkinson, John, ».»., b. st Deerfield, 
New Jersey, Sept 6, 1835, and educated for 
the Ministry, which he now exercises in the 
American Methodist Episcopal Church, His 
very popular hymn, " We shall meet beyond 
the river," was written in Jan., 1867. It 
appeared in Bright Jewels (to music composed 
for it in Feb. 1867 by Hubert P. Main), in 
1869, No. 43, in 4 st. of 8 1. From thence 
both words and music passed into I. D. San- 
key's Sac. S. <£ Solos, No. 109. 

Attend, and mark the solemn fast. 

John Logan and John Morison, [True Fast' 



00 



ATTEND, MY EAE 



mg.'} 1st appeared as No. 28 in the Draft 
Scottish Translations and Paraphrases, 1781, 
sb a version of Isaiah lviii. 5-0, in 6 at of 4 1. 
In the public worship ed. of that year issued 
by the Church of Scotland and still in use 
unaltered save st. ?!., 1. i. In the markings 
by the eldest daughter of W. Cameron (q. v.), 
given as the joint production of Logan and 
MoriBon. From the 1781 it lias passed into a 
few modern hymnals, and is included as 
Mo. 65 in Bonaon's H. adapted to the Ch. 
Services, 1860. In the Amer. Sab. H. Bk„ 
1838, st. ii.-vi., beginning, " Do I delight in 
sorrow's dress," were included as No. 1148, 
while st. iii.-vi., beginning, " Let such as feel 
oppression's load," were included be No, 769 
in Campbell's Corny. S. Sk., 1837. [J. M.] 

Attend, my ear, my heart rejoice. 

P. Doddridge. [Reward of tke Righteous.] 
This hymn is not in the " s. mss," It was 
pub. by J. Orton in Doddridge's Hymns, &e., 
1755, No. 187, in 6 at. of 4 I, and headed, 
"The final Sentence, find Happiness of the 
Righteous," Its use is limited. 

Attend, while God's exalted Son. 
I. Watts. [New CreatCon.l 1st pub. in his 
Hrjmnt & 8. Songs, 1709, Bit. ii., No. 130, in 
6 St. of 4 1., and entitled, "The New Crea- 
tion." It is in limited use in G. Britain and 
America. The hymn, "Mighty Redeemer, 
set me free," found in a few collections in' 
eluding the New Cong., 1859, is composed of 
st, iv.-vi. of this hymn. 

Attend, ye tribes that dwell remote. 
John Morkon. [The Hope of the Just] 1st 
appeared as No. 22 in the Draft Scottish 
Translations and Paraphrases, 1781, as a 
version of Isaiah xxxiii. 13-18, in 5 st. of 4 1, 
In the public worship oil. of that year, issued 
by the Church of Scotland and still in use, 
it is No. 21, with st ii„ 11. 2^4, nnd iii.,1!, 3-i, 
rewriiten. In the markings by the eldest 
daughter of W. Cameron (q. v.) ascribed to 
Morison. Included in a few modern hymnals 
as recently in Flett's Coll. Paisley, 1871, 
No. 296. Coraparo a recast of this beginning, 
" Attend, ye people, far and near," by Miss 
Lccson io her Par. & Hyt. for Gong. Singing, 
1853, No. 47. [J. MJ 

AttollepaullumlTunina. {Fataiontide.l 
The text of this hymn is in Daniel 
ii. p. 345: SiMTOcle, p. 110; the Corolla 
Hymnomtn, Cologne, 1806, p. 17, and is of 
unknown authorship and date. BSitmker, i. 
p. 495, cites it as in the Sirenes Symphoniaeae, 
1678, Dr. Neale dates it, in common with 
" Exite, Sion njiae, Videte, Ac.," as being : — 

K Clearly of the very latest date : certainly not earlier 
than tbe sixteenth, It may be tbe beginning of the 
seventeenth, century. Their Intensely subjective cha- 
racter would be a sufficient proof of this: and their 
rhyme equally shows it. Feminine donhle rhymes, in 
almost all mediaeval hymns, are reserved for trochaic 
measures;— their use, as here, in Iambic*, gives a certain 
impression of irreverence which it ts hard to get over. 
>otwitbet=ndlng the wide difference between these and 
mediaeval hymns, they possess, 1 think, considerable 
beauty, and perhaps will be more easily appreciated by 
modern readers." MtO. Byt^ 3rd ed., I8«I, n. 314. 

[W! A. B.] 



AUBBB, HABIUET 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Soiie, roiae thin* *f* a littb way. By J. M. 
Neale, appeared in the 1st ed. of his Med. Hys., 
1851, J'. 148, in 7 st. of 7 1., being the first 
translation of this hymn Into English. It 
is somewhat altered in the Myntnary, 1872, 
No, 24& 

t, O Sinter, lift the ays of faith, is the above 
translation, In an altered form, mode by the Com- 
pilers of If. A. and M., and included in that 
collection in 1861. Concerning the alterations, 
Dr* Nealc says in his 2nd ed, of the Med. Hys,, 
1863, that "the alteration of the two trochaic 
into iambic lines " is "an improvement on the 
original metre." Although thus commended 
by Dr. Neale, the use of this form is almost 
exclusively confined to H. A. and M. 

1. Binnen, lift you ayes and see. By F. 
Pott, ia his Hymns, &c, 1861, No. 189, in 6 st. 

[J. J.] 

Atwood, Henry Adams Bergiaon, 

H.A., b, Jan. 13, 1800, educated at Queen's 
Coll., Oxford, graduating in 1822. He was 
successively Curate of Kenilworth, Chaplain 
to tbe Bishop of Lichfield, and Vicar, in 1839, 
of Ashle worth, Gloncestershire. In 18S7 he 
published Hymns for Private or Congregational 
Use,for every Sunday in the year. Hed.iul877. 

Auber, Harriet, daughter of Mr. Jaines 
Auber, b. in London, Oct. 4, 1773. During 
the greater part of her quiet and secluded 
life she resided at Broibonrne and Hoddesdon, 
Herts, and died at the latter place on the 
20th Jan., 1802. Mies Auber wrote devo- 
tional and other poetry, but only a portion of 
the former was published in her Spirii of the 
Psalms, in 1829. This collection is mainly 
hc*r work, and from it some useful versions of 
the Psalms havo been taken and included in 
modern hymn-books, about 20 appearing in 
Spurgeon's O. O. H. Bk., I860. Miss Auoer's 
name is widely known, but it ia principally 
through her exquisite lyric, "Our blest 
Redeemer, ere He breathed," and the Epi- 
phany hymn, "Bright was the guiding star 
that led. (For criticism of htr work, sco 
Snaiioh JPmHot, §. 17.) 

In addition to these end other hymns bv 
Miss Auber, which are annotated under their 
respective first lines, tho following are also in 
C. II., but principally in America : — 

1. Arise, ye people, and adore. Eaitcr. 
1. As Thy chosen people. Lord. Pt. izoiii. 

3. Can guilty man indeed believe t Pt. skip. 

4. Delightful is the task to sing. Pt- exleii. 

Ik Father of Spirits, Nature's God. ft. extxt. 
&. HalL gracious Source of every good. Ft. Ixv. 
1. Hasten, Lord, the glorious time. Pi. IxxlL 
a. Jehovah retails, O earth, rejulcc. Ps. xcptt. 
s. Join, all ye servants of tbe Lord. H. Scriptures, 

10. Jesus, Lord, to Tbee -we sing. Ft. re, 

11. O all ye lands, rejoice in God. Pi. Ixvi. 

ISt. God our Strength, to Tbee the sons;. Pi. feast. 

13. praise our great and gracious Lord. Ft. laxviii. 

14. On thy church, O power divine. Ft. fevtf. 

15. Sweet la the work, Lord. Sunday. • 

IS. That Thou, O Lord, art ever nigh. Ft. trio. 
11. Tbe Lord, 'Who hath redeemed onr Bonis. Pi. xzxi. 
IS. When all bespeak* a Tamer's bve, ft. ai. 
IS. When dangers press and fears Invade. Pt. txii. 
as. Who, Lord, when Hfc is o'er. Ft. it>. 
31. Whom have fie Lord, Jn heaven, but Tbee, 
Pt. lxxiii. 
». Wide.yeheavenly gates, nntda. Atcetttiov. 



AUCTOB BEATS SAECULI 

33, With hearts In love abouneiinit. Ft. xlv. 

M. With Joy we lull the sacred day, Sunday. 

M. Vainly through the night U» ranger. Ft. trstti. 

All these psalm-versions and hymns are from 
her Spirit of (fie P<oInu. London, 1829. 

[J.J.] 

Auctor beate saeculi. fLom 0/ JestM,] 
This hymn is of unknown authorship and 
date. It is for the Feast of the Sacred Heart 
of Jesus; for which Feast in some eds. of the 
Bom. Brtv. later than 1735 there ara two dis- 
tinct offices with different hymns ; the diiy of 
observance being that following the Octave 
of Corpus Christi (viz. IMday before the 3rd 
{Sunday after Whitsunday). Auctor beats sae- 
euli i» the hymn at second Vespers- in thej&rsJ 
office when the Feast is kept on its own day, 
and with the rank of a greater double ; and at 
both Yespeis when the Feast is transferred, 
or kept with the rank of a donble of the first 
or second class, the reason being that in the 
former case the firtt Vespers are superseded by 
the second Vespers of the Octave of Corpus 
Christi Iq England tite^fofflcms appointed 
to be said on the Sunday after the Octavo of 
Carpus Christi, with the rank of a double of 
the second class; religious orders, as a rule, 
observing it on the Friday succeeding that 
Octave, thus the hymn occurs at both Vespers. 
In addition to modem eds. of the Horn. ISrev. 
the full text is given in Daniel, iv. p. 811, but 
without note or comment. [W. A, S.] 

Translations in C, U. : — 

1, J»n, Creator of the world. By £1 Caswall. 
1st pub. in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 116, and 
in his Hymns and Poems, 1873, p. 66, In at. of 
4 1, This tr. is found fa several collections, at 
times slightly altered, but generally as rendered 
by Coswall, 

8. Than, by "Whom th* world* were tamed. 
This is based upon Caswall's tr. It is No. 347 
in Kennedy, 1863 ; and, altered to " Thon blest 
Redeemer of the world," No. 82 ia Santin, 1868, 
In the latter it is appointed for " Sexagesimal" 

Audi, bonlgne Conditor. St. Oregon/ 
the Great. ILent} This hvnin is given in 
St. Gregory's Work* (see Hype's Patrologia, 
torn. 78, col. 849, 850.) Intlie Roman Brev. 1W2 
it occurs, almost unaltered, as the hymn ut 
Vespers on the Saturday before the 1st Sun. in 
Lent, to the Saturday before Passion Sunday 
(the last exclusively), wbeuthe Ferial Office is 
said, Sundays included. In the Hymn. Saritb. 
Lond., 1851, it is given as tho hymn at Lands 
on the 1st Sun. in Lent, and daily to the 3rd 
Sun. In York and 8t. Alban'e, itis the hymn 
for the first four Saturdays in Lent and the 
following Sundays at Vespers. At Canterbury 
(from a us. at Lunbetb, No. 538, of the 15th 
eemt. which states " those are Hie offices to the 
observance of which every monk of Christ 
Church, Canterbury, is held bound "), it is on 
Saturdays and Sundays, in Lent, nt Vespers. 
At Evesham, 1st and 2nd Sun. at Vespers, and 
at Woreetter and St. Andrevwte-Bromholm 
(Norfolk), it is set down as a Vesper hymn 
in Lent. In the British JKttswtw it is found 
in three use. of the 11th cent. (Hurl. 2961, f. 
236 b; Vesp.D. xii., f. 51; Jul. A. vi., f. 45). 
In the Latin Hyt. of ffte Anglo-Saxon Church 



AUDI NOS, BEX 



91 



1851, p. 02, it is from an 11th ocnt MS. at Dur- 
ham. The text is also in Daniel, L, No, 149. 
and with additional notes at iv. p. 121 ; i a 
Waehtruagel, i„ No. 100; Card. Newman's 
St/mni Med,, 1838 and 1865, and others. 

„ , . . [W.A.S.] 

Translations in C. U. .— 

1, father af moreiss, hear, Thy pardon, to. By 
Bp. G. W. Doone, 1st pub. in his Songs by the 
Way, 1824, from whence it passed into Hall's 
Mitre, 1838 ; Cooke & Denton's Hymnal, 1853 j 
the Sjram, 1868; Son MUre, 1875; Kennedy, 
1863, No. 394, and others. (Orig. tr. in Songs 
by the Way, ed. 1875.) This tr. is sometimes 
attributed, as in Miller's Singers §■ Songs, p. 12, 
to Dr. Neale, in error. 

1. Thon loving Maker ef manhJni, By E. Cos- 
wall, from the Bom. Brcv. text. Appeared in his 
Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 70, in 5 St. of 4 1., and 
again in his Hymns <f- Boons, 1873, p. 39. It is 
given in several Roman Catholic and other col- 
lections, and altered as, "O loving IJaker of 
maukind," in the Bymnary, 1872, No. 211, 

8. Benign Creator, hear. By W. J. Blew, from 
the Paris Brcv,, printed on broadsheet for use in 
his church, circ, 1850, and pub. in his Church 
By. 4r Time Bk., 1852, in 5 st. of 4 1. 

t, O Kakar of the world, give ear, By J. II. 
Neale. Appeared in the Hymnal JK, 1852, from 
whence it passed into Murray's Hymnal, 1852, 
and several later collections. 

&■ Father of Xeroiea, hear, Before Thy thme, &e. 
By J. A. Johnston. Contributed to his English 
Hymnal, 1852 to 1861, in 5 st. of 4 I. 

6, aferoiful Oreator, hear, Began! our, ho. 
By J. D. Chambers, in his Laada Syon, 1857, i. 
p. 129, in 5 st. of 4 I. This has been repeated 
in the ed. of 1860 ; in Dr. Irons's Hymns, I860; 
the People's U., 1867, U. 

V. Keroiful Creator, hear, To us in pity, &e. 
This rendering in //. A. 0- M., 1861 and 1875, 
Pott's Hymns, 1861, Ch. Hys., 1871, &c, ia ■ 
cento from the trs. of Neale, Chambers, and 
others. It is said in the Index to H. A. & if- to be 
by the "Rev. J. M. Neale, d.d., and Compilers i 
from the Latin." It seems from Mr. Eller- 
ton'i note in Ch. Hymns, that the Rev. F. I'ott 
was one of those " Compilers," and that to him 
this arrangement is mainly due. 

S. gruiooa Father, bend Thine ear. Two 
hymns, beginning with this same stanza, are in 
C. U. (1) in the Parish H. Bk. 1863 ; and (2) in 
Chope's Hymnal, 1864. The latter is the Parish 
H. Bk. text, with another st. (ii.). 

Translations not in C. V, t — 

1. Merciful Creator! hear our prayer. By Brum- 
(horiI, 1619. in Heber's 7/jPHtMJ, ISM. 

3. r Diou gracious Author of our days. /. CAawdJer, 
lilt. 

3. Hear, our all-gracious Father, hear. Xant, 183.. 

4. Merciful Maker, bear our call. TVttlimu, 1S39- 
B. GracloUH Creator, hear. Copdand, 184S. 

Q. Father of Merries, pitying bear. Jtorfton, ls&l. 
1. Omerdful Creator, heed. Jfcweir, isss. [J.J.] 

Audi HOB, Bex Chriate. Awm, {Pro' 
ce*sioual.~} 1st pnb. from a MS. of the 11th 
cent at Clermont, by Du M cril, in his Poisies 
Populaires Latinee au moyen age, Pnris, 1847, 
pp. 56-58, together with an extensive note. 



&2 



AODIMTJB : ALMO 



The text was repeated by Daniel, iv. p. 171, 
with reference to Du Meril. It is ft Pilgrim**- 
song, and os such it might be used as a Pro- 
cessional. Ifr.Neale has printed DuMenl'stett 
(without the various readings) in his Hymni 
EceUtiae, 18S1, p. 227 ; and Mr. Eilerton (with 
the readings) in his Notes on Churek -Hymns, 
1881, No. 440, where he falls into the error of 
giving the date of the first, 1843, instead of 
we second, 1847, volume of Da Me"ril's work. 

[W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. dhriat, our King, (ire ear. By J. M. Neale, 
1st pub. in hit -Men*. Zfjimns, 1851, in 8 st. of 3 1. 
including the chorus. The S. P. C. K. Ch. Hymns, 

1871, No. 440, omits the chorus and st. ii. 

1. blessed Trinity, No. 299, in the Hymiiary, 
is Dr. Nettie's rendering expanded iato 7 st. of 
61. It was designed as a Processional for the 
Rogation Days. 

Audimur: almo Spiritua. 0. Coffin. 
[Whitsuntide.'} Fwn his Hymni Saeri, Paris, 
1736, p. 57, as a Hymn for Whitsuntide. In 
the revised Parit Breviary, 1736, it is the 
Hymn for Lands at Whitsuntide; as also in 
Lyons and other modem French Breviaries. 
Text in Card. Newman's Hyinni Ecciesiae, 
1838 and 1865. Tlie tr. in C. LF. is :— 

Lo, the Father hears our prayer. By C. S. 
Cttlverley, made for and 1st pub. in the Hymnary, 

1872, No. 321. 

Translations net in 0. IT. : — 

1. Our prayer ls beard ; the holy Dove, J. CfawdXer, 
IBM. 

2. Now our prayerB are beard on high. I. Wiiliamt, 

isra, 

3. Weareheeid: the gentle Spirit. Blew, 18B*. 

4. Our prayers are beard : the Spirit blest. Chamlxrt, 

lust. 

Auf;auf, Uu-BeichBgeliosseii. Johatm 
BisL [Advent.'] 1st pub. in Ida SaUxUieche 
Seefenlust, Luueburg, 1651. p. 4, in 12 st. of 
8 1., entitled, " On the Gospel of the First 
Sunday in Advent, -which is written by the 
Holy Evangelist Matthew in hie Gospel at the 
21st Chapter." Included as No. 16 in the 
Leipzig Vorrath, 1673, and recently as No. 1 
in the Vnv. L. 8., 1851. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Arise, the Einfdom is at hand. A tr. of 'st. 
!,-iii., ii., iii, by Miss Winkworth in the 2nd 
series, 1858, of her Lyra Ger., p. 4, and repeated as 
No. 22 in her C. B. for England, 1863, Included 
in full as No. 438, in J. L. Porter's Cot!., 1876. 
The trs. of 11. 1-4 of st. i.-iii., xii. were included 
as No. 66 in Boardmau's Coll., Philadelphia, 
1861, and an adaptation in 7 st. of C M., as 
No. 115 in the Pennsylvania Lnth. CH. £k., 
1868. 

f . Arise, y* hairs of fbwy. A tr. of st. i , iii., 
xii., signed ¥• C C. as No. 7 in Dr. Fagenstecher's 
Coll., 1864. 

S. Awake 1 sons of the Xincdom, the King, to, 

A tr. of st. i.-iii., jx.-xii. based on Miss Wink- 
worth's tr. of the same, as No. 16 in the Ohio 
Luth. Hymnal, 1880. [J. M.] 

Au£ au£ weil der Tag ewcMenen. 
/. A. FreyUnghauten, [Advent."] 1st pub. as 



AUFEB8TEHN, JA 

No. 1 in his Neuet geittreieha G. B., 1714, in 
11 st. of 7 )„ reprinted in GroWs ed. of his 
QeUUiehe Lieder, 1855, p. 1, and included as 
No. 129 in the Berlin <?. L. S. ed. 1863. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Wstal the welaoma day appeaietk, A good 
tr., omitting st.vii., viii.,byMi*sCoi inher&c. 
H. from tit Oeitmn, 1841, p. 3, and repeated with 
st. ii. slightly altered in her II. from tie German, 
1864, p. 23. Her trs. of st. i.-iv., »., were in- 
cluded as No. 17 in Korison's Coll. 1851 ; of st. 
i., iii., vi., x., as No. 233, in Hedge and Hunting- 
ton's Colt., 1853, and Robinson's Songs for the 
Sanctuary, 1865, No. 1176 ; and of St. i.-iv., ii., 
in J. L. Porter's Coll., 1876, No. 404. 

S. Wake, oh wake, the day aiisata. A tr. of 
st. i., iv., xi., by A, T. Russell, as No. 31 in 
his Pt. #■ Hymns, 1851. [J. M.] 

Aufer immenaam, Deus, aufer iram. 

[National Fast,] 1st pub. in Vermannng an 
ifon(« Deutsche Nation, Wittenberg, 1511, and 
included, altered, in Hymni aliquot soeri, etc., 
Collectors Georgia Tltymo, 1552, where it is 
marked as "author uncertain." Thence in 
WaekernageL, i. p. 271, in 8 st. of 4 1. II has 
been tr. into English through "Nimm von 
uns, Herr, du treuer Gott," a free tr., in 7 st 
of 6 ]., by Martin Mcller in bis Meditatiotiea 
Sanctorum Patrmn, GorlitE, 1584, entitled " A 
beautiful daily prayer in all tine of need." 
Thencein TTacit:emo^re{,v.p.56,andaaNo.579 
in the Unv. L. B„ 1851. 

The <r«. are : (11 " Eemove from us. faithful God," 
by J. C. JaaHA, UM, p. 123 (cd. 1)32, p. 1S8, altered). 
(21 "'ITiinkonTbySon'SBobltterdeath, atr. of st. vi. 
"Gedenk an detn Sofan's bittern Tod," as No. SSS In pt. 



Ii., 11K, of tbe Moravian M. Bk, (ed. Vint, pt. 1.. So. 

It. M.] 



21«>. 



Auferatehii, ja aufemtehn wirat do. 
F. G. Klopitock. [Burial of the Bead.] This 
beautiful little poem, hardly to be called a 
hymn, on the Eesurrection of the Body, was 
written after tlie death, on Nov. 28, 1758, of 
his first wife, Meta Moller, and 1st pnb. in his 
Geittiiche Lieder, vol. i., Coponliogen, 1758, 
p. 80, in 5 st. of 5 1. It was sung by tbe 
assembled thousands when, on March 22, 1803, 
he was laid to rest at Meta's side in tlie church- 
yard of Ottensen, near Altono, Commonly 
usod also at Easter. Included as No. 1512 in 
the Berlin G. L. S. cd. 1863. The tr. in C. TJ. 
is: — 

Thau txf dost awaking from brief rest, l>y 
A. T. Russell, as No. 257 in his Ps. $ Hymns, 
1851, in 5 st. Rather based on the German 
than an exact translation. Included, beginning 
"Thou wilt raise our bodies from brief rest," as 
No. 744 in Kennedy, 1863. 

T ra nsla ti ons not in 0. U. j — 

(t )" Yea I soon away shall death's deep slumbers roll," 
by Sir J. Bowring in bta Wymn*, 192«,No.B9. {21 "Yes I 
taon wilt rise, wilt rise as Jeans rose," in w. Hind's 
Oda </ Xlepitock, ISIS, p. 309. (3) " Arise, yes, yes, 
arise, thou my dust/' in Dr. A. BaskervlLle'a poetry e/ 
Germany, ISM (ed. 1S7Q. p. W), and thence In tba 
Gilman^cbaff Lib. ef Bel. Poetry, ed. 1893, n. 114. 
(4) " Tbou sbalt rise ! my dust thou sbalt arise," by Miss 
Borthwick In H. L. L. lBSo Cissi, p, las, isaj, p, lis), 
and altered in SchaiT's Chrttt in Xmg, 1SSS, p. 6M fed. 
lBie,p.B20). (Bl" Rise tboo shalt, yes, rtse,'' by J.S. 
Stallybrasa, in tbe IWic Sol-fa Xeperttr, July, lssl. 
(t) " lUae again I yes, tbou shalt rise sajain, my dust," 



AUGUSTA, JOHANN 

by MIs« Fry, ISM, p. 111. (») * Arlseagain, arise apd"" 
in O.S. Bore's OarkmdQf Smgt, 1361 (later eds. p. M). 
(81 "KIM again! yes, rise ngsln wilt thou," by Miss 
Wlnlcworth, 1U9, p. 333. [J, M.] 

Augusta, Johajm, socins to have been 
bom at Frag about the year 1500. He was 
consecrated Bishop of the Bohemian Brethren 
in 1532, became president of their "select 
council" in 1537, and d. at Jung-Bundau, 
Bohemia, Jan. 18, 1572. Two of his hymns, 
written in Bohemian, have passed into Eng- 
lish through the German as follows : — 

L Aj j«k j«*n mOt tvoji prilytkovi. \1he C\rU- 
tian OTtires.] Founded en Ps. ImsIv. In the Bo- 
hemian Brethren'* If. Bk., ISS», f. 168, In 18 st. Tr. 
Into German by J. Gelstdty In the Kirdwigaeng, 
Pratt. 1MB, and thence In Wacktmagd. iv. p. 356, be- 
ginning ■- vie sent Sieblich slnil all deln Tvoununp;." 
Tr. from the Oemun by J. Gambold as No, 29B In pt. 1. 
oTthe Moravian H. flfc., 1764(1840, No, 1B3), beginning, 
" How amiable Thy habitations are." 

11, Buii* veleban Tan Boh nil poohveleau [Hie 
Vkrtatian Churck.] Founded on Fe. ilvilf. In the 
Bohemian Brethren's H. Bk„ ihi. f. 168, In 8 st. Tr. 
into German by P. Herbert tn the JKrcsenffeaetta, ISM, 
and thence In Wackarvagd, iv. p. 410, beginning, 
"Gott iroll'n wlr loben." The trt. from the German 
are(l) "Praise onr God gracious," by J. (Jambold, as 
No. 268 In pt. 1. of the Moravian if. Bk., 1)64. fa) 
"Praise God for ever," as No, 491 In the Moravian 
S. Bk.. 1189 OM9, No. 161). [J. M.] 

Aurea luoe eft decore rosea [SS. Peter 
and Pa«J]. This hymn is probably of tho 
Gth cent. It has generally been ascribed to 
Blpis, wifo of the philosopher Bosthius ; bnt 
Wane, on tlio ground thnt it is not in classical 
metre, thinks that this is improbable. JBoiie 1 * 
text, No. 694, is from vm. of the 14th and 15th 
cent Daniel, U No. 137, gives the text in 
6 st., alomj with the Raman Breviary version ; 
with further notes at iv. pp. 164, 371, includ- 
ing readings from a 9th cent lis. at Bern. 
Among tho British Xuseum msb. it is found in 
two of tho 11th cent. (Vesp. D., xii. f. 83 b.; 
Jul. A„ vi. f. 55). The text of an 11th cent 
us. at Durham is given in the Lot. Hys. of the 
Anglo-Saxon Ch., 1851, p. 105. 

This hymn Is found In many Breviaries, t.g., the older 
Roman, the York, and the Santm, assigned to the vigils 
of S3. Peter and r»u!, it. St. 111. for St. Peter, be- 
(dnrJng, " Jam bone pastor Petre," was used separately 
for the festivals of St. Peter's Chair and St. Peter's 
Chains. St. Iv. for St. Paul, beginning, " Doctor egregie, 
Paute," was also need separately for the festivals ofbta 
Conversion, Ae. 

In tho revised Soman Breviary, 1632, it was 
considerably altered, St. i. beginning « Ssoora 
lux utemiUiu annua ; " st iii beginning 
"Beats paatar *et»[ M and st, iv. beginning 
" 2«TBgie doctor Paula." This form is also in 
Daniel, i. No. 137. [J. M.] 

Translations: — 

1, Aurea luoe et deeore roseo. This hoi been 
tr. by J. D. Chambers in his Lauia Syon, pt. ii., 
1866, as " With golden splendour bright." This, 
in a form so altered as almost to constitute a new 
tr., waa given in the Antiphoner $ Grail, 1880, 
nnd the Hymner, 1883, No. 116 : as "With 
golden splendour, and with roseate loveliness." 

1. Seven ba. aeterniUti* anream. Tr. by 
E. Caswall in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 159, 
nnd his Hymns, 1873, p. 87, as "Bathed in 
Eternity's all-beauteous beam ; " and by F. W, 
Faber in his Jesru $ Mary, lie, 1819, as "It 



AUBORA JAM 6PABGIT 



93 



is no earthly summer's ray," This latter (*■. is 
adopted by some Roman Catholic hymn-books 
for missions and Schools, and is also in the 
Marquess of Bute's ed. of the Soul Brev., 1879. 

t. Beat* pastor Petre olemena aeoipe, Tr. by 
E. Caswall in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 128, 
and his Hymns, 1873, p. 70. This tr. is adopted 
by the Marquess of Bute, -Rom. Bret., 187ft, as 
" Peter, blest Shepherd, hearken to our cry," 

f ■ Egrafi dootor Paule mores iaatrue, Tr. by 
JE, Caswall in his Lyra Cathotica, 1849, p. 12a, 
and Hymns, 1873, p. 71, as "Lead us, great 
teacher Paul, in wisdom's nays." Also adopted 
by the Marquess of Bute. [J, J.] 

Aurora jam spargit polum, [Satur- 
day Morning.] Tliis hynm is ascribed to Sf. 
Ambrose ; but, not being quoted by early 
writers, it Is not received as certainly genuine 
by the Benedictine editors ; it may be his 
nevertheless. It is tho Hymn at Lauds on 
Saturdays in the Roman Brev., 1632, when tho 
Ferial Office is said, from the Sunday after the 
Octavo of the Epiphany to the flist Sunday in 
Lent, and from the Octave of Corpus Chriuti 
to Advent. For tho text in the Bom. Brer., 
placed in iuxtarmsition with the original ver- 
sion, see Daniel, No. 47. Scealso tho editions 
of St. Ambrose (Migne's Patrol., torn. 17, tho 
fourth and Inst of the works of that Father). 
Also in Thomatiitt, ii. p. 413, Clichtovev*, 
and others. 

In tho Jb*ozaraoi'c Breviary, cd. 1775, it is 
given among the hymns as "A hymn to be 
said on Saturdays in Lent at Matins." (Jtftjne's 
Patrol., torn. 86, col. 897.) In the Hpmnarittm 
Sariiburiente, Land., 1851, p. 58, it is given as 
the hymn for Ferial Offices on Saturdays at 
Lands from the Sunday after the Octave of 
tho Epiphany to Lent, and from the Octave of 
Corpus Christ! to Advent. York, Hereford, 
Evesham, &?., appear to have had tho samo 
use. (See p. 13, where the Sunday after tho 
Octave of the Epiphany is called the Sunday 
Doming, ne in ird, from the beginning of the 
responeory after the first Lesson at Matins : so 
the Sunday Dev$ omnium is named from a re- 
sponsory at Matins on the Sunday after the 
Octave of Corpus Christ!.) The variations of 
ForIc,iroreeseer l ^iesAam,oic.,aroalBO given in 
that work. It is also in three uss. of tho 11th 
cent, in the Brto'sA -Museum (Harl. 2961, f. 225: 
Vesp, D. iii., f. 25 b ; Jul. A. vi.. f. 80 b}, and 
in the Latin Hya. of tht Anglo-Saxon Church, 
1851, from an 11th cent. us. at Durham. 

Atone, i, p. 372, cites it as in a us. in the 
Town Library at Trier, probably of the 8tli cen- 
tury; and Daniel, iv. p. 40, refers to a Bheinau 
us. of the 10th cent, now at Zurich, in which 
it is also found. 

The text of this hymn is also given in Card. 
Newman's Eymni Ecclesiae, 1838 and 1865; 
Macgill's Song* of fie Christian Creed and 
Life, Lond., 1876 ; Bimrock, p 8 ; and by 
others. [W. A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. The mora has aprtad Its crimson rajs. By 
R. Campbell, from the Rom, Brec, made for and 
1st pub. In his St. Andrew's Hymnal, Edin., 1850, 
p. 73, in 6 st. of 4 1., and given in later Scottish 
Episcopal collections, 



94 



AURORA LUCIS DDM 



J, Tiawn sprinkles all tlu East with light. 
Contributed to the Hymnal if., 1852, in 4 st. of 
4 i. It is also No. 13 of Skinner's Daily Service 
Hymnal; and as " Dawn purples'all the cast with 
light," in the Hymnal of the American Protes- 
tnnt Episcopal Church, 1872. From the fact of 
its appearing in the Hiptvnal N. it has usually 
been attributed to Dr. Neala. On his own 
authority this is an error. (" B. MSS.") 

3. Vow mom is o'er tiie Esnith spread. By J. D. 
Chambers, from his Lmida Syon, 1857, p. 33, 
into the People's II., 1867, No. 433, in 4 st. of 
4 1. 

Translations sat in 0. TJ. : — 

1. With dawn's faint stress the heaven, && Mant, 
1837. 

2. Forth from the glorious ere of morn. Ifymn. 
AnylK. 1814. 

3. MoraUghteupearth'scanopy. Sp. Williams, 1946. 

4. The dawn Is sprinkling In the east. €fet»a&, 13*9. 
ft. The dawn la dappling o'er the &kv. Ofieland, 18*8. 
6. Now morning sprinkles nil the sky. Maegiil, isfs, 

[J. J.] 

Aurora lucis dum novae. N. Le To-ur- 
neaux. [Fatter.] In the revised Pari* Bre- 
viary, 1736, this hymn is appointed as the 
hymn at Lauds on the Sunday after Easter-day, 
and afterwards at Lauds in the Ferial Office 
from Eaater to the Ascension. The text is 
given in Card. Newman's Hymns' Eocle&iae, 
1838 and 1865. It is tr. as :— 

1. Kern 1 ! roseate hues have decked the sky. 
By Wm. Cooke, written for the Hymnary, and 
included therein, 1872, No. 267. From the 
Hymnary it passed into Thring's Coll., 1882, 
No. 200. The refrain is not in the original. 

Sp seme, and witb the early mom. By Bp, 
J. E. Woodford, in Hys. for the Christian Sea- 
sous, 2nd ed., 1855; the Parish H. Bk., 1863, 
No, 55, eic. 

Tiuslatian* not la 0. TT. ; — 

1. The new morn hath risen. /. WHliaws, 1539. 

2. The orient beams of Easter Mom. J. 2>. otanterg, 
WM-. [J. J.] 

Aurora lucis ratilat. [fiwfcr.] ThU 
hymn, is ascribed to St Ambrose, but was not 
reoeived among his undoubted works by the 
Benedictine editors. (See Btigne's Patrol., 
torn. 17; the 4th vol. of the works of St 
Ambrose.) It maybe his ; but is not specially 
referred to as such by Any early writer. 

The text is in Daniel, L, No. 79 (the revised 
Soman Breviary version being given side by 
side with the original), who says it may be 
found everywhere in old Breviaries, hut for 
the most part mutilated. It is No. 19 of 
the Junius us. of the Sth cent., and Mime, 
No. 141, has it from a us. of the Abbey of Bei- 
ohenau of the beginning of the 9th cent., and 
from later MSB. at Karlsruhe, && Amongst 
the British Museum MSB. it is in two of the 
11th cent ^Vcsp. D. xii„ f. 70; Jul. A. vi., 
f. 49) ; and in the Latin By*, of the Anglo- 
Saxon Ch., 1851, p. 84, it is printed from an 
11th cent. us. at Durham. 

It will be found in the Hymn, Saris. Lond., 
1851, pp. 94, 95; headed "Ad Matutinas, 
Qtwtidie usque ad Ascen. Dom.,'* "At Matins, 
daily, to the Ascension of the Lord" (i.e. 
commencing on Low Sunday, the Octave of 
Easter). This part ends at line SO, Then 



AURORA LTJCIS ROTILAT 

follows, at Lauds, Sermons blando Angelas (to 
end). So the ForA: use. At Canterbury, St. 
Alban's, St. Andrew de Bromholm (Norfolk), 
it would appear that Aurora lucis was said 
at Lands entire. Worcester says "Sermone 
blando Angela* dieitur cum Aurora :" tile two 
hymns are said one with the other: one, it 
may be, at Matins, the other at Lauds. 

In the Mozarabic Breviary (Toledo, 1502, 
f. 297) it is (riven as the Hymn in ihe " Ordo 
Primi" in Easter-tidc. 

The revised version of this Lymn, made 
for the Roman Breviary, 10*32, begins Anna 
ostium pmjmrat t and is therein divided as fol- 
lows: (1) Lines 1-16 of the original be- 
came in a revised form the hymn for the 
Ferial Office at Lands from Low Sunday to 
(exclusively) the Ascension; (2) Lines 17-32 
of tho entire hymn, Tristes erant Apostoli 
(witli doxology of eight lines) are assigned to 
the Common of Apostles and Evangelists in 
Easter-tide (Tempore Pasehali) at 1st and 2nd 
Vespers and at Matins: (8) Lines 32 to end, 
Paschale mundo gaudinm (in ttie original 
Ctaro FateJuUi gavdio), to Lands of the tame 
Common of Apostle* and Evangelist*. Tins 
division of the latter part, for the Common of 
Apostles and Evangelists, was made by Pope 
Pius V. (Gavanti, Tkes. Saeroram EUuum.) 

fW. A. S.] 

In annotating the translations V>f this hymn, 
for the sake of unity and clearness, two divi- 
sions are given: (i) Trs. of the Original 
Text (sometimes with variations), and (ii.) those 
trs. which are from tho Soman Breviary, 

I. The Original Text 

In rendering the hymn into English some 
translators have given the text in full, whilst 
others have taken a part only. Those in full, 
together with their use in modern hymnals, 
are : 

1. — i. Aaron lads ratUat. "Light's glittering 
morn bedecks the sky." 

ii, Bermtne blando Angelas. "With gentlevoke 
the angel gave." 

This tr. by Dr. Noale, in two parts, was pub- 
lished in the Bymnal If., in 1852, and con- 
tinued in later editions. Ft. L consists of lines 
1-20, and 4 lines, and a doxology not in the 
original, but in the Sanaa Brev., pt. ii. of lines 
21-44, and the closing lines of pt. i. repeated. 

In 1881, the Compilers of H.A.&M. gave this 
rendering in that collection with rather exten- 
sive alterations, and rearranged in three parts, 
thus: — . 

i. inn losli rotilat. " light's glittering 
morn bedecks the shy." 

ii. Tristes ennt ApoetoH. " The Apostles' 
hearts were full of pain." 

ill. Clam Fuohali gwulio. "That Eastertide 
with joy was bright." 

To these were added a stanza, and doxology as 
in the Sarttm Brev., to be sung at the end of 
each part ;— 

ttnaesnaus, Aneter omnium. « O I*rd of all, 
with us abide." 

Gloria Tint Bomine. " All praise he Thine, 
risen Lord," 



AUBOBA LUCIS BUTILAT 

la the annotated edition of H. A. fr JK, Mr. 
Biggs has given the Latin text from the Sanaa 
Breviary. It is ft reprint of the original with 
the addition of the last eight lines. 

This//. A. fy M. text was included, with omis- 
sions find further alterations, in Kewiedy, 1863, 
No. 691, in two parts: — 

I. Amor* lueii, 4b. " Light's glittering dawn." 
ii, Ware Faaohali gaudio, " That Eastertide 

with joy was bright." 

In 18G4 Mr, Skinner gars Dr. Kenle's render-: 
ing with omissions, bnt without alterations in 
the text, in his Daily Service Hymnal, No. 127. 

i. Annus, lucis, it. " Light's glittering morn 
bedecks the sky." 

ii. Oluo Pasehali gaudio, " In this our bright 
and Paschal day," 

Dr. Neale's rendering is also included in the 
ILpnnaiy, 1872, altered by the editors, and 
divided into three parts :— 

i Aurora luoU. "The glittering morn bedecks 
the sky." 

ii. Triitst (rant Apoitoli. " Deep sorrow on 
the Apostles came." 

tii. Olaie Pasehali gaudio. " Joy dawned again 
on Easter-day." 

fl. A second tr. of the full text was published 
by J. D, Chambers in his iMvda Syon, 4c, 1857, 
pp. 182-185, in two parts : — 

i. Aurora luoii. " Light's Very morn its beams 
displays." 

II. Sermene blando. "In accents soft the An- 
gel said." 

This translation, as a whole, is not in congrega- 
tional use, but portions are given in centos yet 
to be noted. 

S, Barmen* Mauds, " With gentle voice the An- 
gel gave." This rendering of lines 21-44, and 
the 8 lines from the Sarnm Brev., was given in 
the Salisbury H. Bk., 1857, No. 103. It ismainlv 
an alteration of Neale's tr., and probably by 3. 
Keble. 

4, Aurora lueia, " Now dawning glows the day 
of days," by Professor P. J. A. Hort, was written 
in 1858, for and pub. in the Bev. J. Ellerton's 
Hymns for Sctiools & Bible Classes, 1859, No. 34, 
in two parts: — 

i. Aurora luoia. " Now dawning glows the 
day of days." 

it. TrUtes ttutt. " Sad the eleven apostles 
sate." 

With very slight alterations, pt. i. was in- 
cluded in Church Hymns, Ko. 130. 

I. Aurora luais, "The dawn of light breaks 
o'er the sky." An altered form of Dr. Neale's tr. 
of lines 1-16 and the 8 concluding lines from the 
Sarum Brev. was included in Hymns fitted to the 
Order of C. P. by Bev. P. Pott, 1861, No. 89. 

Translation* net in C. TJ. : — 

In addition to the foregoing there are also transla- 
tions which have not come into common use. These 
Include : — 

(1) i. Aurora lueit. " The noddy dawn is breaking." 
Ii. Sermons btemdo. " With gentle speech the Angel." 
This rendering Is by the Bev, TV. J. Blew, and appeared 
in his Cfturc* Hymn and Tune Book, issi. Each part 
is given as a separate hymn, and includes the 8 lines 
from the Sarum Srco. 

(.3J Aurora lueii. "Tlieday-springiiironight.Ac.," 
by Xr. A. J. S. Hope in bis Hyt. of tht CK, 1844, 
comprising lines 1-30, and the Sanaa ending as above 

(3) Aurora toots. " Heaven with rosy mom, &c^" by 
Jtp. John William* (America), appeared in his Ancient 
Hymns of Holy Chnrck. Hartford [America], 1845. it 
embraces tbe some lines as that of Mr. Hope. 



AUBOBA LUCIS BUTILAT 95 

II. TIte Roman Breviary text. 
As the divisions of the text in the Soman 
Breviary have been strictly adhered to by trans- 
lators, it will simplify our work by annotating 
those translations in the same order. 

1. Aurora coelum purpurat. 
1, This holy morn, so fair and bright. By J. 
Chandler, appeared in his Hymns of f/ic Primitive 
Church, 1837, pp. 77-8, Latin text, pp. 197-8. 
In this form it is not in common use ; but altered 
in his Hys. of the Church, 1841, No. 44, to 
" Bright sunbeams deck the joyful sky," it 
was included in Dr. Hook's Church School H. Bk., 
1850, No. 84; theZcftfe H. Bk., 1853, Ko. 310; 
and the Biipt. Ps. $ Hys. 1858 and 1880, No, 1 71. 
In the Zecda II. Bk. it is attributed to " Kose " 



8, Kerning spreads her crimson rays. By Bp. 
Mant, in his Ancient Hymns, 1837, p. 55, and iu 
the ed, 1871, p. 98, It was given as No. 43 in 
Stretton's Chwcli Hymns, 1850. 

5. The dawn is purpling e'er tbe sky. By W, 
J. Copeland, 1st pub, in his Hymns fa* the Week, 
1848, p. 86, together with parts two and tbree. 

4. The dawn was purpling o'er the iky. By rl 
Cas wnll, 1st pub, in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, 
pp. 38-E), and again in his Hymns $■ Poems, 
1873, pp. 55-50. In I860, it was included in 
the Wellington Collage II. Bk. ; in 1867, in the 
People's Hymnal, and also in other collections. 

ft. With sparkling rays mora deeka the sky. By 
J. A. Johnston, in his English Hymnal, 1352, 1st 
ed., No. 107. It was replaced in the editions of 
1856 and 1861 by: "Mom's glittering light 
bedecks tbe sky," No. 116, also by Mr Johnston. 

6, Tbe tneminc purples all the sky. By A. K. 
Thompson, of New York, contributed to Scbaffs 
Christ in Song, 1870, p. 193. This is a free 
rendering, with an original refrain of four lines 
to each stanza. 

Translation net in C, V, : — 
Now morning puiples all tbe skies. MotgUl, 1876. 

2. Tristes erant apostoli. 
1, Th' Apostles wept with hearts forlorn. By 
W. J. Copeland, in his Hymns for the Week, &e., 
1848, pp. 89-90. This was given in Stretton's 
Church Hyvats, 1850, No. 46 ; in Murray's Hymnal, 
1852, No. 59, and other collections, 

A, When Christ, by His own servant* ilaiii. By 
E. Caswnll, I.f/i-a Catltolica, 1849, pp. 205-6, 
and Hymns $ Poems, 1873, p. 109, 

3. In sorrow steep'd, with hearts ferlon. By J. 
A, Johnston, 1st pub. iu his English Hymnal, 
1852, No. 1 1 1., and again, rewritten, but with 
the same first line, in the 2nd ed., 1856, and 
the 3rd ed., 1801. 

4, A* mourns a -widowed bride. By Archbishop 
Benson, written for and first published in tbe 
Wellington College II. Bk., 2nd ed., 1863, where 
it is appointed for St. Philip and St. James's Day 
evening. 

3. Pasehale mundo gaudiwtn. 
1, A fairer sun is risen on eaxtii. By W. J. 
Copeland, in his Hymns for the Week, 1848, pp. 
91—92. It was included in Stretton's Church 
Hymns, 1850, No, 50 ; in Murray's Hymnal, 1852, 
No. 58, and other collections. 



06 



AURORA VAILS HER 



3. Sew daily shines the ton mem fair. By E, 
Caswall, in hia Lyra Catholics, 1840, pp. 207-8, 
and Hymns # Poems, 1873, pp. 100-110, In 
1863 it was given with alterations in the Wei' 
lingtan College H, Bk. and appointed for St. 
Mark's Day rooming. 

1, Hew thins* the inn with brighter ray. By 
J. A. Johnston, in his English Hymnal, 1852, 
No. 113. For the edition of 1856 it was re- 
written by the translator he, " Bright rose the 
sun that Zoster-day." This tatter rendering 
was repeated in the ed. of 1861. 

III. Centos. 
1. Hymns and Anthems, by G. Rorison, 1351. 
In this collection, No. 85, "The Apostles wept 
with hearts forlorn " is thus composed : st. 
i.-iii., Copeland ns above (Tristet erant) altered ; 
st. iv.-vi. by Dr. Eorison, 

S, The People'* Hymnal, 1B67. Inthis collection 
there are three centos from various translations ; 
(1.) "In accents bland the Angel blest," No. 115. 
It is thus composed : st, i., ii., iii., v., vi., Cham- 
bers's Zaada S/jon, altered ; st. It. and riii., J. M. 
Neale, from Hymnal Rated; st. vii., Chope's 
Hymnal, 1857, No. 83; later editions, No. 211, 
altered. (2.) " The Apostles' hearts with grief 
were filled." St. i., editors; st. ii.-v., Cham- 
bers, as above altered; st. vi., Chope's Hymnal, 
as above, altered ; st. vii., J. M. Neale, as above. 
(3.) " In this our bright and Paschal day." St 
i. and v., J. M. Neale, H. Noted; st. ii., iii., 
Chambers altered ; st. iv., J. A, Johnston, altered. 

[J. J.] 

Aurora vailo her rosy face, Balph 
Erskine. [The Jays of Heaven."] 1st pub. in 
hia Gospel Sonnets (2nd ed., Edin., 1726), as 
section 6 of part v., entitled " The Sung of 
Heaven desired by Saints on Earth," in 20 st 
of 41. Of this 11 st., beginning with st. ii., 
" Huppy the company that's gone," were in- 
cluded in the Sac. Songs of Scotland, I860, 
(Edin., A. Elliott, p. 42). Re-written 1785 by 
John Rorridgo as No. 143 of his Sion's Bongs, 
beginning "O happy saints, who dwell in 
li^ht." (See Lord Selborne's Bk. of Praite, 
No. oiiii. and note thereto.) [J. M.] 

Aus Lieb" verwundter Jesu mein. 
xvi. cent. {Holy Communion.] This appears 
in the Christ. Catkol. G. B., Nach der Fader- 
borniichen Edition, 1726, p. 263, in 16 st. of 4 1, ; 
among the hymns for Corpus Christi, as " A 
Sigh of Love to Jesus." In the Geistreiehes 
G. B., Berlenburg, 1720, No. 90, it has 9 at. 
In the Trier G. B. (R. C), 1810, p. 120, it is 
in 6 st It has been tr. as : — 

Jen, pierced for love ef me. In full from 
the Trier G. B., signed "Sister M.," in Lyra 
Eadi iristiat, 1S63, p. 252 (ed. 1864, p. 298), and 
thence as No. 535 in the People's H, 1867. 

[J. M.1 

Aua tiefer Moth acbrel ich su dip. 
Martin Luther. [Ps. exxx.'] This beautiful, 
though free, version of Ps. exxx. was written 
in 1523, Pa. exxx. was a great favourite with 
Luther, one of those he called Pauline Psalms 
— the others being Ps. xxxii., Ii., and cxtiii, 
With its versification he took special pains, 
and the final result ranks with ihe finest of 
German Psalm versions. It first appeared 



AUS TIEFER NOTH 

in 4 st. of 7 lines in Etlieh eiistUcli lider, 
Wittenberg, 1524, nnd in JL'yti Enchiridion, 
Erfurt, 1521. Tho form now in use con- 
siderably altered, and with st. ii. rewritten as 
ii., iii., appeared in the Geystliche gesanpk 
BwMeyn, Wittenberg, 1524, m 5 St., was in- 
cluded as No. 1 in Lather's Christiiche Geseng 
zttin Begrebnis, Wittenberg, 1542, and since in 
almost all German hymn-books, as recently in 
the Vnv. L. 8., 1851, No. 362. Both forms 
are included in Waokernagel's D. Kirehenlied, 
iii. pp. 7-8, and in Scuircks's ed. of Luther's 
Geitt. LUder, 1854, pp. 60-68. 

The fine melody (in the Irish Ch. Hymnal 
called De profundi! ; elsewhere, Luther's 
ISOifc, &c.) is possibly by Luther, and first 
appeared, with tho 5 st. form, in 1524. 

The hymn was sung, May 9, 1525, at tlm 
funeral of the Elector Friedrich the Wise iu 
tho Court church at Wittenberg ; by the 
weeping multitude at Halle when, on Feb. 20, 
1546, Luther's body was being taken to its 
lost resting-place at Wittenberg ; and again 
as tho lost hymn in tho Cathedral at Stras- 
burg before the city was captured by the 
French in 1681. St. v. comforted the laBt 
hours of Christian, Elector of Saxony, 1591, 
of Johanu Georg I., Elector of Saxony, 1656, 
nnd of King Friedrich I. of Prussia, 1723 
(Koch, viii. 2I1-21G). 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, Oat of the deep I ery to Thee, Hy, A free 
(r. of st. i.-iii.. v., by B. Latrobe, ns Ko. 231 in 
the Moravian H. Bk., 1789 (1849, No. 287). In 
1848, it was given, slightly altered from the 
edition of 1826, and beginning "Out of the 
depths I cry to Thee, Lord, look," as No. 4 in the 
Dalston Hospital H. Bk. The text of 1826, un- 
altered save st. ii., 11. 3-4, was included as 
No. 440 in the Irish Ck Hymnal, 1873. 

1. From deep distress to Thee I pray, In full 
by Dr. H. Mills iu his Horae Gcrmankae, 1845 
(1856, p. 71). Thence as No. 70 in the Luth, 
Gen. Synod's Coll. 1850-52, and as No. 464 in 
Temple Melodies, N. Y., 1851, 

S, Oat »t the deptns, Lord, A paraphrase in 
12 st. of 6 lines by Miss Fry in her H. of the 
Jieformathn, 1845, p. 141. The dosology ia 
from the gloria to the version of Ps. i. by L. 
Oeler, 1525. This gloria is appended to Luther 
as No. 1558 in Barg's Breslau G. B., 1746. Her 
st, viii., iii., ii., iv., v., in order beginning — 
" Lord, let Thy people be," were included as 
No. 100, and st, vi,, vii., beginning — " Lord, 
Thou hast given Thy faithful word," as No. 07 
in Whittemore's Suppl. to Alt H. Bks., 1860. 

4. Out ef th* deep I ery to The*, Lord God, fee. 
A good and full tr. by A. T. Rvsselt as No. 74 
in bis Ps. $ Hys., 1851. Included in full in Dr. 
Bacon's ed. of Luther's Hymns, 1884, p, 10, and, 
omitting St. iv., as No. 85 in tho jew Zealand 
Hymnal, 1872. 

5. From deptli* ef wes I raise to Thee. Goodand 
full by K. Massie in his if. Luther's Spiritual 
Songs, 1854, p. 73, Thence unaltered as No. 64 
in the 1857 ed. of Mercer's C. P. # H. Bk. (Ox. 
ed., 1864, No. 150), and since in the Scottish 
Hymnal, 1870, the Scottish Presb. Hymnal, 1876 
(omittingst. iv,), and the Canadian Presb, H. B**, 
1880, 



AUSTIN, JOHN 

B, Out of the daptbs I my to flioe, Lard (rod J oh 
hear my prayer. In full by Hiss Winkworth in 

her Lyra ffw., 1855, p. 65, And thence unaltered 
as No. 626 in the Wes. H. Bk., 1875. The lines 
1-i of at. !., iii., v, form No, 548 in the Amer. 
Unitarian Hy. [# Tune] Bk., Boston, 1888. 

I, Ont of the depth* I ery to Hue, Lord Ood, 
bw my wainaf. A geod bat rather free tr., as 
No. 215 in the Jfcu> £&#., 1856, and since as No. 
501 in the JftfA. if. C, 1883, as No. 43 in Dr. 
Thomas's Aujvslme H. Bk., 1866, and No. 119 
in the Appendix of 1874 to the Leeds H. Bk. 
of 1853. Of this tr. st. ii.-v. are given in Dr. 
Dale's English H. Bk., 1874, No. 483, as "Thy 
sovereign grace and boundless love." 

8. Almighty Ood I I aell to That. A good tr. 
omitting st ii., included in the Amer. Episc, 
H. for Ch. $ Home, I860, No. 308, ant) repeated 
as No. 511 in the Amer. Episc. Coll., 1871. 

B. (tat of this depths I ray to Shoe, lord hear me. 
Full and good, as No. 40 by Miss Winkworth in 
her C. B. for England, 1863, and repeated as No. 
354 in the Lutheran General Council's Ch. Bk. 
1868. 

10. In deep distress I ory to Thee, Lent, my 
God, A tr. of st. i., ii., v., signed F. C. O, as 
No. 184 in l>r. Pagensbxhe/s Colt., 1864. 

II. ftom lowest depths I ray to Thee, Full and 
good in K. Hassle's Sacred Odes, vol. ii., 1867, 
p. 134, and thence as No. 251 in J. L. Porter's 
ColL, 1876. 

IS. Out of tie depths I ory to Thee, Lord, mark 
my lamentation, in full, based npon R. Massie as 
above.os No. 233 in the Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1880. 

Translations set in O.V. i — 

(l) "Outofthedepecry I to the," by Bp. Ooverdale, 
153»(ed. ls*t,p. suj. (t) " frs deip, O Lord, I cell to 
the," in the Oude and SoMs Battata (ed. loSti, folio 6» ; 
ed. 18«8,p.S8). (3) " Out of the deeps of long distress," 
by J. C. Jaeobi, ltw, p. SI (ed. lJM, p. »T, sit. and 
twinning "Out of the deeps of dark distress"). (4) 
" Guilty and vile, I call on Thee," by J. Anderson, teto, 



p. TO flaw, p. M). (B) " Fmm deep distress I cry to 
Tnee, Oh," by Dr. J. Bunt, 1861, p. 10.'. (9) "From 
trouble deep I cry to Thee," by Dr. G. Macdonald la the 



ftunt, 1863, p. 10.'. (9) 
Ht, G. Maedonal 
iSiHutny MoQariie, 18SJ, pi esa, and repeated altered in 



his.»eolfcs 1 1816,p.lol. (1) " From lowest deeps I cry, 
OttoaV'byK. L.lrotbfegliun, lSI«,p. I8S, (8) "From 
deep distress I cry to Thee; Lord listen," in the Oa. 
o/ Xtalond Atojrosfne, 1812, p. 183. (9) "In deep dis- 
tress I cry to Thee, Lord," in E. Walters ttartin bather. 
1881, p. 13. [J. MJ 

Austin, John, born at Walpole, Norfolk, 
and educated at St. JohnV, Cambridge (or. 
1640). He became a Roman Cut holio, entered 
Lincoln's Inn to study for the Bar : subse- 
qnently became a tutor, and finally devoted 
himself to literature. Died in London, 1669. 
(See Xarly English Hymnody, §. X.) His works 
include The Christian Moderator* Befieettont 
upon the Oaths of Supremacy, and : — 

Devotima in the Antienl Way 0/ Qfiof Obtaining 
Ettertiiet for every day i» tie Week, leas, This la»t 
work, tbroogb which Austin is associated with hymnody, 
attained a 3nd ed. inl«W,3rd ed. MM, andtwo 1th eds. 
1*36. (A second part, consisting of a Xtorvwny of the 
Ootpdt, was also pUbUsbed, and Is of excessive rarity. 
A third, according to Anthony a Wood, existed 10 
jis.J It was a Roman Catholic manual, and contained 
is hymns, 39 of which are tn the Brst edition, and those 
added in the third edition are perhaps by the editor. 
A few of these were renderings from the Latin by 
E. Crashaw, altered and adapted by Austin. In IMS It 
was adapted for members of the Cbnieh of England by 
Theophilus Dorrington, and again in 1*8T liy the TAdy 



AUTHOB OF FAITH, TO THEE 97 

Susanna Hopton under the editorship of George Iliclces, 
afterwards a Monjuring Bishop, Of the Mh ed., HIT, 
of the last adaptation, a reprint was published by 
Masters In 1858. ryf. T. B.1 

Austin, William. A lawyer of Lincoln's 
Inn in the time of Charles I. His widow, 
Ann Austin, pub. in 1635, his 

Dentionit Angmlinianae Flanuaa. Tills contains 3 
carols for Christmas Day, 3 poems for Good Friday, 1 for 
tbe Annunciation, and a poem by hlmselr In anticipation 
of his own death. They are all of merit, and 4 may be 
fonnd reprinted In Days it Sauom, tod ed., 186), Lend., 
Mialey. In the Harlelan Kss. Kalph Crane's A atndfiU 
itf CdtiiiaU flowers contains other hymns, one of which, 
with Austin's initials, has been printed by Farr in bis 
Select Poetry of Jamtt /. It begins, " Wnat a gradoua 
flud have we." The popular carol— 

"All this night bright Angels slog, 
Never was snob carolling." 
No. xll. tn Bramlqy and Statoern Cturiitvua Curtis, 
A'ew dV Old, 2nd Series, ie his — 

" All this Night shrill Chauntecleere 
Daye's proclaiming Trumpeter," 
the first of his "dermis for ChrletmasKtsy." 

Austin d, Jan. 16, 1633, and lies in the 
north transept of St Saviour's, Southw&rk, 
where there is o stately monument representing 
him ; bis wife, and all his children, in the 
quaint fashion of those times, [W. T. B.] 

AuTt; r; *XtjttJ. ["AwMprdrssn fffipa,"] 

Author of all in earth and aky. A.M. 
Topladt/. [Lent.'] 1st appeared in his Poems 
on Sacred Subjects, 1759, in 22 st of 4 1, and 
entitled "The Praytr of King Manasses 
Paraphrased." It was subsequently included 
in bis Hymns, Ac, 1856, p. 83, and in 
Sedgwick's reprint of the Bymta, 1860. The 
hymn, "Bowedwiththe sense of sin I faint," is 
composed of st xv.-six. and zzL of the original. 

Author of faith, Sternal "Word, a 

Wesley. [FaitA.] This poem is a paraphrase 
of Heb. xi. It appeared in 88 st. of 4 1. in 
Hymns & 8. Poems, 1740, with the title " The 
Life of Faith." In 1780 J. Wesley gave st.i.-vi, 
us No. 92 in tbe Wes. H. Bk. (ed. 1875, No. 85> 
From the Wet. B. Bk. it has passed into most 
of the collections of the Methodist denomina- 
tions in G. Britain and America, and also 
into other hymnals. Full orig. test in P. 
Works, 1868-72, vol. i. pp. 209-221. The 
poem us a whole, is criticised in the Wes. 
Magazine, 1839, p. 381. 

Author of faith, on me confer. C. 
Wesley. [Faith. - ] From his Hymns on the 
Four QoeneU, us. dated 1765, and 1st pub. in 
theP. rrorfct,1868-72,vol.i.p.310,andfrom 
thenoe was transferred to the revised ed. of 
the IFes. H. Bk. 1875, No. 805, the third stanza 
being omitted. It is based on St. Matt xvii. 
20, "If ye have faith as a grain of mustard 
seed," *c. 

Author of faith, to Thee 1 ary. O, 
Wesley. [Lent] This hymn was first printed 
as the first of six hymns at the end of a tract 
entitled A short View of the Differences Between 
the Moravian Brethren in England, and J. a) 
C. Wesley, 1745. In 1749 it was reprinted in 
Hymn* & S. Poems, vol. i. No. 10, in 5 st. 
of 6 1. in tbe Wet. H. Bk. 1780, Nn. 114 



98 AUTHOR OF FAITH, WE SEEK 

(ed. 1875), and in tho P. Works, 1868-72, vol. 
iv. p, 321. It lias also passed from the Wes. 
H. Bit. into ■various collections both, in G. 
Urittiin and America, sometimes rending 
■* Author of faitb, to Thee me cry."' A cento 
from this hymn, beginning, " Christ bids us 
knock mid cuter in," is given in the Americnn 
Church Pastorale, Boston, 1861. It is com- 
posed of at. iv. and ii. slightly altered. 

Author of faith, we seek Thy fhce. 
C. Wesley. [Inltrcession.~] The original 
hymn appeared in 9 st. of 1 1. as No. 61, in 
vol. ii. of Hymns * S. Poem, 1749, and is 
repeated in the P. Works, 1808-72, vol. v. 
p. 233. The abbreviated form in C tl. was 
included by J. Wesley in the Wes. H. Bk., 
1780, No. 446 (rev. ed. 458). It consists of 
st. i.-v. aud vii. It is found in various col- 
lections in 0. Britain and America. 

Author of friendship's sacred tie. 
C. Wesley. [FriendfUUp,] let pub. in Hymn) 
and Sacred Poems, 1749, vol. ii, p. 105, in 6 st 
of 12 1. mill again in the P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. v. p. 408. In the Wes. H. Ek., 1780, No. 
510, a cento from this hymn was given, begin- 
ning, "Our friendship sanctify and guido." 
This lias been repeated in various collections, 
and specially in those of the Methodist de- 
nominations both in G. Britain and abroad. 

Author of life divine. [Holy Com- 
munion.] This hymn for tho Holy Commu- 
nion is from J, & C. Wesley's Hymns on the 
Lord's Supper, 1st pub. in 1745, No. 40, in 
2 st of 6 1. In 1875 it was included without 
alteration in the revised edition of H. A. & M., 
and attributed to John Wesley. There is, 
however, no evidence that it was the compo- 
sition of John os distinct from Charles, 
Wesley. In the absence of positive ovidenco 
either way the probabilities are in favouT of 
Charles, rather than his elder brother. It is 
also in C. XL in America. Orig. text in H. A. 
A M. and P. Works, 1868-72, vol. iii. p. 244. 

Author of life, 'with grateful heart. 

S. Pearee. [Morning.] Appeared at the end 
of his Memoirs, by Andrew Fuller, 1st ed., 

1800, pp. 286-7, and again in the 2nd ed., 

1801, in 5 st. of 4 L and entitled " An Even- 
ing Song." Tho hymn beginning with this 
stanza in Major's Book of Praise, is a cento 
from S. Poarce, thus composed : st. i., the 1st 
st. as above; st, ii.-v. are st iii.-vi. from 
Pearoe's Morning Hymn in the same Memoirs 
as above, thus making a morning hymn. The 
text in Major is altered from the originals. 

Author of our salvation, Thee, G. 

Wesley. [Holy Communion.'] 1st pnb, in 
Hys. on the Lord's Supper, 1745, No. 28, in 4 st. 
of 4 1., and based on the words, " As it is a 
sign and a means of Grace," being the first 
hymn on that division of the subject. It is 
not in nse in G. Brit. In the Hymnal of the 
Meth. Episco. Oh., N. Y„ 1878, No. 851, it is 
given in an unaltered form. Also in the P. 
Wvrhs, 1868-72, v,ol. iii. p. 236. 

Author of peace unknown. C. Wesley. 
[Friendship.] 1st pub. in his Hymns and 



AVE MABIA 

Saered Poems, 1749, vol. ii.. No. 236, in 4 st. 
of G 1., and again in the P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. v. pp. 426-7. It is one of several hymns 
composed by C. Wesley at the time of his 
marriage. In its original form it is not found 
in common use. In 1780, however, J. Wesley 
gave st, ii,, iii., and iv. in the Wes. H. Bk. No. 
498, as, "Centre of oar hopes Thou art," and 
from that collection it has passed into several 
hymnals, specially those ef the Methodist 
denomination. 

Ave Christ! Corpus verum, jinon. 
[Holy Communion.] The test of this hymn is 
given in Mone, No. 219, from a Eeichenau us, 
of the 14th cent., with the title "In eleva- 
tione sanguinis Christi," winch shows it to be 
a devotion at the elevation of the Chalice in 
the Mass. 

There are at least four hymns which com- 
mence with almost the same words, but must 
not be confounded. "Am Christi Corpus 
verum" ; "Ave verum Corpus natum" ; "Ave 
Christi Corpus carum " ; " Ave verum Corpus 
Christi," [W. A. SJ 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Hail, m«ih of Christ Divine. By K. F. 
Littledale, 1st pub. in the Altar Manttal, 18SH ; 
the Lyra Eucharistka the same year ; and the 
People's II, 1867, No, 176. 

Avel Colenda Trinitas. [Holy Trinity.] 
This hymn, of unknown authorship, is given 
in the Latin Hymns of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 
Lon,, 1851, p. 146, from a Durham us. of the 
11th cent. It is also in a us. of the 11th cent, 
in tho British Museum (Jut. A, vi. f. 71) ; aud 
in Biggs's Annotated H. A. and M., No, 132. 
It is tr. as : — 

All h*U, adored Trinity. By J. D. Chambers, 
in his Lauda Syon, pt. i., 1857, p. SIB, in 4 st. 
of 4 !., and from thence into H. A. and M^ 
18R1 ; the Hymnan/, 1872, Snepp*s S. of G. 
and &., 1872, and others, usually with slight 
alterations. 

Ave Jean! Ere we part. C. H. Bate- 
man. [Children's Evening Hymn.] Appeared 
in the Bible Class Magazine, 1849, in 2 st. of 
11 lines. In many collections, in oluding Steven- 
son's Hys. for Ch, & Home, 1873, c. 13, a short 
hymn of 4 st. of 4 1., " Blessed Jesus, ere we 
part," has been compiled with alterations from 
this text. 

Ave Jesu, Qui mactaris. Anon, 
[Good Friday.'] Text in tho Paradisus animae 
Cliristianae of J. M.Horst, sect. vi. "Devitaet 
passione Domini," end of chap, iv. fed. Cologne, 
1630, p. 418). It is a Hymn on tfte Seven 
Words uttered by Christ on the Cross, 

Translation in C. U. : — 

J*su, hail I Who, u Thou bleedest, By E. B, 
Pusey. Appeared in 1848 in vol. ii, of his tr. 
of the Paradise of tie Christian Soul, and from 
thence it passed into the Appendix to the 
Hymnal N., 2nd ed., 1864, Ko. 248. 

Aye Maria, WeBBed Maid, J, Ktbb. 
,[B. V. M,~] From bis Poem for "Tho Annun- 
ciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary," st 7-10, 



AVE MABIS STELLA 

The original poem was written on tho death 
of his motlier, Juno 1, 1823. This fact 
supplies the key to the line of thought in tho 
opening stanza : — 

"Oh! Thou "Who delgn'st to sympathise 
With all our frail and fleshly lies, 

Mater, yet Brother dear. 
Forgive tils toe presumptuous thought, 
If, calming wayward gnef, I sought 
To ga» on Thee too near. " 

The poem as originally written was too 
personal for publication in the Christian Year, 
ana, in 182(5 (dated Mar. 9, 1826), the four 
concluding stanzas were omitted, and those 
beginning in that work, " Ave Maria, blessed 
Maid," to the end, were substituted, and the 
poem in this its new form was first published 
therein in 1827. The original was included 
with a special note in his Mite. Poem, 1869, 
pp. 230-33, and tho cento, as a hymn, in the 
Appendix to the Hymnal N., 2nd ed., 1864, 
the FeopWs B., 1867, No. 192, and others. 

Ave maris stella. Anon. [B. V. JIT] 
This hymn, so well known as to its words, is 
of uncertain authorship. It lias boon wrongly 
ascribed to St. Bernard, as it is found in a 
Bt, Gall MS., No. 95, of the 0th cent, and 
to Vonantius Fortunatus (by M. A. Luchi, 
1789), but on insufficient authority. The 
text is given in Daniel, i., No. 171, with 
various readings. (Other notes ore given in 
voL iiL p. 236, and vol iv. p. 136.) Mane 
gives five paraphrases of this hymn, Nos. 496- 
500 ; each line of the original being followed 
by versified explanations and simplifications, 
a certain testimony to the popularity of the 
original. 

It has been treated with so much respect as 
hardly to have been altered in the Soman 
Breviary, 1632, and was retained in the 
revised Breviaries of French dioceses (Paris, 
Lyons, &&), as one of the few exceptions of 
old hymns not supplanted. It is appointed for 
Vespers in the Little Oflice of the Blessed 
Virgin, Quotum parnum beatae Mariae, Paris, 
Lyons, Le Mans, so. ; some, as Paris, Le Mans, 
&c., having it also in the Saturday Office of 
ihe Blessed Virgin, OffieCum beatae Mariae in 
Babbalo, and in Feasts which have no special 
Or proper hymns. 

In the Soman Breviary it is the Hymn for 
1st and 2nd vespers in the Feasts of the 
Blessed Virgin Mary ; also in the Office of the 
B. V. M. on Saturdays, and in the Little 
Office, OJ/leium parvum- Beatae Mariae 
Virginis, at 1st vespers, there being no 2nd 
vespers in these two latter cases. 

The hymn is found in three iibs. of tho 11th 
cent, in the British Museum (Hari. 2961, f. 
241 ; Veep. D. xii. f. 63 ; Jul. A. vi. f. 56) ; 
and in the Latin Hyt. of the Anglo-Saxon 
Chu/reh, 1851, p. 76, it is printed from an 11th 
cent. mi. at Durham. It is also given in 
BStiler, JTifntjs/eM, Simrock, Wackernagel, i. 
No. 85, and various modern Roman Catholic 
collections. [W. A. 6.] 

Translations in C. U. t — 

1, Kail, thou Star of Ooean. By E. Caswall, 
1st pub. in his Lyra Cathot&a, 1849, p. 197, 
where it began "Gentle Star of Ocean;" and 
again, in an altered form, in his Hymns $ Poena, 
1873, p. 105, In 7 st. of 4 1. It is given in a 



AVE VEKUM 



99 



large nnmber of Roman Catholic collections in 
G. Britain and America, often in an altered form, 
and sometimes beginning, " Hail, bright star of 
ocean." 

2. Hail, Sea Star, -we bless thee. This is by J. R. 
Bestfi in his Church Has. (R. Cath,), 1849. Its 
nse is not .extensive. 

3. Hail, thou resplendent Star. In A Set. of 
Cat/talk Hys., Glasgow, H, Margey, 1861, No. 41, 
the St. Patrick's Catholic H. Bk„ 1862, No. 60, 
and other collections this tr. is given without 
signature. It is based upon Caswall. 

Translations not In 0. V. ; — 
1. Hall, Ocean Star. R £&™nK,'18»3. 
1. The Star which o'er the aea. J. W. Btwett, issfl. 

3. Hail ] Star of Ocean, Mary. raomoert. It. 136*. 

4. Hail J Star of the sea, (fee. (Prose). Mie. Charles, 
1808. [J. J.] 

Ave, plena gratia, eujus. Anon. [The 
Purf^coh'on,] In the revised Pari* Missal 
of 1736, this hymn is given as tho Sequence 
for the Feast of the Purin cation. The text 
is in Card. Newman's Hymni Ecclesiae, 1838 
and 1865. 

Translations in C. U.:~ 

1. Ave, Xuy, full of graoe. By W. J. Cope, 
land. 1st pub. in his Hymns for the HM, &c, 
1348, p. Ill, in 10 st. of 3 1., and repeated in 
Rorison's Hymns atid Anthems, 1351, and later 
editions, in 5 st, of 6 1. 

1. Jesus, Bon of Maiy, bail, No. 73 in Murray's 
Hymnal, 1852, and some later collections, is 
Copeland'i tr. slightly altered. 

3- In HI* Kothar'a pun embrace. No. 346 in 
the Hymnary is the same tr. altered by the 
editors of that selection. 

4. Hail, thou Xother, full «f ffraee, in the Altar 
Hymnal, 1884, is also Copeland's tr. altered by 
C. R. 

Another tr. not inC.'U. ts, "Mary, ball to thee, wo 
stag;," In the Mmtkly racket, Feb., less, [J. J.] 

Ave regina coelorum. [B. V. iff.] One 
of tlie four Antiphons to the B. V. M. '(see 
"Alma Redemptoris mater"). Among the 
hss. in the Brititlt Museum it is found in the 
Bt Alhan's Book of the 12th cent. (mss. Beg. 
2 A. x. f. 02), and a Sarum Breviary of the 
14th cent. (hss. Beg. 2 A xiv. f. 235 b). It is 
also in the York Breviary, 1493 (1883 reprint, 
ii. 493); in the Boman Breviary, Modena, 
1480, f. 512, Ac. The text in Daniel, ii. 319, 
is from a Muuioh us. probably of the 13th 
cent., and other sources. [J. M.J 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Hall, Queen of Heaven enthroned I By £. Cas- 
wall, in his Lyra Gatkolka, 1849, p. 39, in 8 lines; 
and again in his Hys. $ Poems, 1873, p. 23. It 
is largely used in Roman Catholic collections for 
schools and missions. Another tr. is " Hail, thou 
mighty Queen of heaven," by J. R. Beste, in his 
Church Hymns, 1849, p. 66. " It is not in C. U. 

Ave verum corpus natum. Anon. 
[Holy Communion.] The text will be found 
in Daniel, ii. p. 327. Also as No. 213 in 
Monds Collection ; with the heading, In ele* 
uatione Corporis Ckri&ti, and the statement 
that a Reicheuau mb. of the 14th cent says 
" Pope Innocent composed the following salu- 
tation" (" Salutationem sequentem oomposuit 



100 AVELING, THOMAS W. B. 

Innoecntius Papa"), ond " this prayer lias three 
years of indulgences granted by Pope Leo" 
(" liaec oratio habet tres annoa indulgentiarum 
n dow. Papa Leone "). Levis, Atiecdota sacra, 
Turin. 17oi>, p. 107, gifes the text with the 
variation iftfo nobis praestauUor virtus in 
examine, instead of Eeto nobis praegustalum 
mortis in examine. It is in J. M. Horat's 
Paradisus Animae (cd. Cologne, 1644, p. 321), 
Sect. V,, "Do Sacram. Euchaiistiae," as a 
private devotion at the elevation of the Host 
In the Maes (" sub elevationo ''). It is also in 
Kehrein, No, 157. Boo Ave CkrUli Corpus 
verum, for a cognate liymu at tbo eluvatinn of 
the Chalice. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. :— 

t. Bail to Theo ! true Body sprang, By E. Cas- 
wall. 1st pub. in his Lyra Catholictt, 1849, p. 249, 
in 10 lines ; and again, slightly altered, in his 
Hymns $ Poems, 1873, p. 162. In the Roman 
Catholic hymnals the original tr. is generally 
osed. la the People's H., 1807, No, 177, we 
haro a cento from this t>: of Cits wall, that by 
J. I!. Bcste, and others. 

E. Hail, trot Body, born of Xuy, No. 214 in 
the Appendix to llyinnat A*., 1864, is by H. N. 
Oxenham, from his Sentetwe of Kaires and other* 
Poems, 1854 and 16G7, somewhat altered. 

3, Bad, true Body Incarnated, by W. J. Irons, 
is No. 67 of his Ps. $ Hys. for the Ch., 1873 ami 
1883. This rendering is specially adapted for 
Good Friday. 1st pub. in Dr. Irons'* Hymns, 
1866, No. 113. 

4. Hail, troe Body! Ooi of heavsn. By .1. I!. 
Beste, pub. wjth the Lntin text in his Ch. Hys. 
{Rom. Cath.) Lond. 1849. It may be added that 
inmost of the modem Roman Catholic collections 
the Latin text is also given, as in this case. 

Translation not in 0. IT. t — 
Hall, true Body, horn of Mary. E. B. Pasty, 184b. 

[J. J.] 

Aveling, Thomas William Baxter, 

p.p., b. Castletown, Isle of Man, May 11,1815, 
educated privately and at Highbury College 
for the Congregational Ministry, and ordained 
to the pastorate of Kingeland in 1838, d. at 
Keedham, July 3, 1884. In 1875 lie received 
tho degree of !>.». from tho Howard University, 
United States. His published works include 
The Irish Scholar, a Narrative, 1841 ; l?aa- 
man, or Life's Shadows and Sunshine, 1853; 
Fofces of Many Waters, <fo., 1855; The Service 
of the Sanctuary, die, 1859, &c, including con- 
tributions to periodicals, Dr. Aveling was 
sometime editor of Tlie Jeuvih Herald. In 
1834 ho published a small volume of poems 
and hymns. Those of his bymns which have 
come into C. U. were mostly written from 
year to year to he sung when he preached his 
New Year's Sermon to tbo young. Some of 
them came to the public through Iho Maga- 
zines. We arc not aware that they have been 
collected. Tbe best known are : — " On ! to- 
wards Zron, on I" "Hail I Thou God of 
grace and glory," and " Lord of tho lofty and 
the low." [J. J,] 

Awake, again the Gospel trump Is 
blown. J. Keble. [Advent] Written on 



AWAEE, AND SING 

Dec. 2G, 1823, and first pub. in his Christian 
Year, 1827, in 13 st. of 6 1. for Advent Snu- 
day, with the text from the Epistle of that 
day, "Now it is high time to awake ont of 
sleep, for now is our salvation nearer than 
when wo beliovid." It* uro as a hyinn for 
public worship is very limited. In Kennedy, 
ItiG3, No. It), at- i., v.. iii. and iiii., are given 
with the change in st. v., 1. 1, of *' E'en so," 
to " Behold the world." 

Awake, and sing tbe song. W. Batn- 

mond. [Praise.] This hvtnn appeared with 
the heading, " Before Singing of Hymns, by 
Way of Introduction," in his Psalms, Hymns, 
ana Spiritual Songs, 1745 (Lond, W. Stialiau), 
pp. 84-86, in 14 st. of 4 1. In its complete 
form it is unknown to the hymnals, Cent* 
therefrom are, however, in use in all English- 
speaking countries. The growth of these 
centos is somewhat complicated, and con ha 
best set forth ia detail thus : — 

1, The first use of the hymn in an Abbreviated 
form was by G. Whiterield. In his QAI. of Hys. 
for Social Worship, 1753, he included as No, 47, 
st. i., ii., iiii., and xiv., with alterations which 
we give with the original readings in brackets : 

" PlUISIKC ClIlllBr, 

1. " Awake and sing tbe Song 

Or Moses and the Lamb ; 
fTuue] TTaJfce ev'ry heart and ev*ry tongue 
To praise the Saviours Kume^ 

2. N Sing of His dying love, 

Slug of, His rising pow'r ; 
SEilbj how He intercedes above 
1 or [aftj those whose sins He bore. 

3. " Sing 'till [yonj aw feel &our] our hearts 

Ascending with [your] our tongues, 
Sing 'till the love or sin departs, 
And grnee inspires [yonr] ear Sangs, 

i . " Sins 'till [yon] we hear Christ Any, 
' Your eins are allfuiglv'n'; 
[Go] Sing ou rejoicing [all the way] eo'ry day, 
[And sing yoar souls to hcnv'n.J 
'Till via all meet in. Aeae'tt." 

S. The second form given to this cento was by 
M, Madan in his Colt, of Ps. $ Hys., &c, 1760, 
No. 35. In this ws have st. i. and iii., as above, 
in Whitoncld, and St. iv. expanded into two 
stanzas thus : — 

4. " Sing on your hcav'nly wny. 
Ye nmeom'd sinners, sing, 
Sing on. rejoicing, ev'ry day 
In Ctulst, Ui' eternal King, 
fi. " Soon shall ye hear him say. 
1 Ye blessed children, como ' j 
6oon will lie call ye hence away, 
And take His wond'rers homo." 

This cento was repeated by Dr. Conyers in his 
Coll. ofPs. $ Hys., 1774, by De Courcy, in his 
Coll., 1775, and thence through numerous hym- 
nals into Mercer's and Thring*s Colts., Lord Sel- 
bome's Bk. of Prviss, and others in the Ch. of 
England ; and through Lady Huntingdon's Co!l., 
1764, into a limited number of Nonconformists' 
hymn-books, tn many of these reprints the ye 
of st. v., 1. 3, is changed to you. Amongst 
modern American collections in which this cento 
is given in full are : — Dutch Eef. Hys. of the Ch. 
N. Y., 1808; Bap. Praise Bk., N. Y. & Chicago, 
1871 ; Hatfield's Ch. H. Bk., 1872, and the Ch. 
Praise Bk., 1882 ; and, with the omission of st. 
iii,, in the Episc Hys. for Ch. $■ Home, Phil., 
1800; Presb. Ps, $ Hys. Kichmond, 1867; Ch, 



AWAKE, AND SING 

Pastorals, Boston, 1884 ; iV««i. Hymnal, Phil., 
1874; sol the new .Ppise, Hymnal, 1871. The 
signature to this cento is " W. iTanunOTtd!, 1745 ; 
6. Whiteficld, 1753 ; and M. Madan, 1760." 

1. The third cento Appeared in Toplady's Ps. 
^.ffjW., 1776, No. 118, in 6 st., the first tire being 
Mtidun's text as above, with m for ye, in st. t. 
L 3, an! the addition of the following : — 

" There shall our npturM tongue 
His endless praise proclaim ; 
And stag, In sweetest notes, the scaur 
Of Hoses sod the Lamb." 

This stanza is from Watts's H. $ S. Song), 
1709, Bk. i., No. 4S, st. vi. :— 

" tten witt out loot and ** be fvit. 
And/eel a warmer ^dms ,* 
And tweeter voices time Me Sana 
qf Motes and tie £<wto." 

This cento is the most widely adopted of any, 
both in Q, Brit, and America. It is found in full 
in Snepp's S. of G. $ Q., the Mtth. F. Ch. S. S. 
H. Bk. and others; and with the omission of 
st. iii., "Sing till we feel our hearts, ire.," in 
the Hy. Camp., the Bap, Hymnal, 4c The col- 
lections are far too many to name, and any book 
can be testedby thetextas above. TheAmerican 
modern hymn-books which adopt it in full in- 
clude Hys. fr Hongs of Praise, N. Y., 1874, and 
the Evany. Hymnal, 1880, in full, with a slight 
alteration in st vi. ; Songs of Zion(A. R, T.Soc), 
1864; Sabbath S. Bk., N. Y. 1868; Bap. Eer. 
of Bong, Boston, 1871, &c; and with omission 
of st. iii., in Bap. Hy. # Tune Bk., Phil., 1871 ; 
Manual of Praise, Obeilia, 0., 1880 ; Etang, Hys. 
Cleveland, 0., 1882 ; and in Canada, the Prttb. 
H. Bk., Toronto, 1880. Its ascription is " W. 
Hammond, 1745 ; G. Whitefeld, 1753 ; M. Madan, 
1760; A.M. Toplady {with Watts), 1776." 

f, The fourth form appeared in Hall's Mitre 
H. Bk., 1836, No. 138, As a cento it has failed 
to gain a position ; but one stanza, No. ir. of 
cento 2, above rewritten, is retained in cento 5, 
below. It reads in Hall : — 

" rt pSbrint on the raid 
lb .Won'* city, sing ; 
Kgoieing in the Lamb of tf«I,— 
in Christ, wtr Kartnfy King." 

B, In the American New School Presb. Church 
Psalmist, 1843, the arrangement of No. 3 above 
waa given with the omission of st. iii., and the 
substitution of Halfs "Ye pilgrims," &c, with 
" Rejoice, ye," for " Hejoicing," for rt. iv. This 
text is second in popularity only to cento 3. It 
is given sometimes in 5 st. and again in G, and is 
included, amongst other hymn-books, in the Bap. 
Pa. # Hys,, 1858; New Cong. 1859; Windle; 
Hys. for tke Ch. Catholic, 1882 ; iate editions of 
Rippon's Sel., and others in G. Brit. : and in 
America, in the Mtth. Epise. II. Bk., 1849 ; 
Songs for the Sanely., N. Y„ 1865, &c. The 
ascription to this is, " W, Hnjnmond, 1745; 
0. Whitefeld, 1753; M. Madan, 1760; A. M. 
Toplady [mtkWattt], 1776 ; Hall's Mitre, 1836." 

8. In the Parts! H. Bk., 1863-1875, No. 105, 
we have st. i., ii., iv., v., vi., from Toplady, 
slightly altered, together with the addition of a 
doiology. This is " IV. Hammond, 1745 ; G. 
Wkitejield, 1753 ; M. Madan, 1760 ; A. M. Top- 
lady, [with Watts}, 1776; Parish H. Bk., 1863," 

7, The last arrangement we have to notice is 



AWAKE, GLAD SOUL 



XOl 



No. 335 of Church Hys., W71. This la Toplady') 
text, st. i., ii., iv., v., vi., with alterations in the 
1st.:— 

" Awake and sing the song 
Qf ptery totbeLanibr 

which we meet for the first time, and st, v. : — ■ 

" And sweeter voices swell the song 
qf alary to the Lamb," 

of which the first line is fRitfs'* (as above, No. 3) 
with swell for tune, and the second a fresh depar- 
ture. It may be noted that this return to Watts 
was made byCotterill in his Set., 1810. Thesig- 
natura to this cento is; " W. Hammond, 1745; 
8. Whitefield, 1753; M. Madan, 1760; A.M. 
Toplady [with Watts}, 1776; Ch. Hymns, 1871," 
In Bingham's Hymno. Christ. Lat^ 1871, there 
is a reudering into Latin of cento 5 in 5 st. slightly 
altered again, as : — " Jam cantilenam gratn- 
lantes tollite." 

Beyond what wo have liere sot forth in 
somewhat wearisome detail, other minute 
changes are to be found in collections of less 
importance than those noticed. These may 
be tested by the quotations given above, and 
a reference to the original test in Lyra Brit. 
1867, pp. 263-5. [J. J.] 

Awoke, awake, my sluggieh soul 
0. Beginbothmn. [lfo(cft/»tnew.J 1st pub. 
in Lia Hymns, Sec, 17&4, in 6 st. of 4 I., and 
based upon St. Luke xii. 3B-39. In 1812 it 
was transferred to Collyer*s Coll., No, 653, 
unaltered, and thus etime ii.to C. U. In some 
American collections, st. v. and vi, are omitted , 
In America it is also given as" Awake, awake, 
each drowsy soul," &b in the Bapt. Praise Bk., 
1871, No. 558. In the Bap. Cli. Praise Bk., 
N. Y., 1873, we have at. i., iii,, mid ir., and 
in Ch. Pastorals, Boston, 18C1, st. i., iii., v, 
and vi. 

Awake, awake, O Zion. B. Gough. 
[Second Advent} Appeared in his Lyra Sah- 
batiea, &o., 1865, p. 151, in 6 st. of 8 I., and 
entitled, " The coming Millennium," with the 
quotation of Isa. Iii. 1. From that work it 
passed into the People's H., 1867 ; AUon'sSuppl. 
Hymn*, 1868, in 5 st., and in otiier collections 
both in G. Britain and America. It is also 
included as tho opening hymn of Gough's 
If. of Prayer and Fraisc, 1875. 

Awake, awake the savored song. 

Anne Steele. [Christmas.} 1st pub. in her 
Poems on Subject* chiefly Devotional, &c, 1760, 
vol. L p. 85, in 6 st. of 4 1., and headed " The 
Incarnate Saviour." It was also included in 
the 1780 ed. of the Poems, and in D.Sedgwick's 
reprint of her Hymns, 1859. It came into C. V. 
by being adopted by Ash and Evans in their 
Bristol Cofl., 1769, No. 88, from whence it 
passed into a few hymnals. It is still in nan 
in America, and is given in Hatfield's Ch. H. 
Bk„ 1872, the Bap. Praise Bk., 1871, and 
Songs for (he Sanctuary, 1865, the first omit- 
ting st vi. and the remaining two at. ir. 

Awake, glad soul, awake, awake. 

J. S. B. MoneeU. [A'aster] According to the 
Preface to his Spiritual Songs, this was one of 
his hymns " written amid the orange and olive 



102 AWAKE, JERUSALEM 

groves of Italy, during a winter spent (fur the 
sake of health) upon tbe shores of the Medi- 
terranean Sea." It was pub. in his Hymns of 
Love and Praiaei 1863, p. 90, in 5 si, and 
in his Spiritual Songs, 1875, in 8 st of 8 1., the 
new stanzas being ii., iii. and iv. Three ceutos 
therefrom are in C. U. (1) in the Hy. Comp., 
No. 178, consisting of st. i., vi., vii. and viii. 
(2) iu the Scottish Evang. U. Hymnal, No, 40, 
or st. i., v., vii. and viii. (8) in the Amor. 
College Bymnal, N. T„ 1876, No. 145, begin- 
ning, " The shade and gloom of life are fled." 
This is composed of st. vi. and viii. unaltered. 
Full text in Schnff s Christ in Sang, 1869-70. 

Awake, Jerusalem, awake. C. Wesley. 
[Exhortation.] A paraphrase of Isaiah lii., 
which appeared in the Wesley Psalms and 
Hymn), 1741, in 28 st of 4 1., c. M., divided 
into three parts. Two centos from this are in 
0. U. in America. (1) The Amor. JBcffl. 
Epite. Coll., N. Y., 1849, composed of st. i., Iii. 
and iv. of Pt. L, and st. ii. of Pt. iii. (2) H. 
Bis. of (he Evang. Assoc,, Cleveland, O., 1882 ; 
the same stanzas with tho addition of st. iv., 
Pt. iii. The potm as given in Ihe P. Work* 
of J. and C. Wesley, 1868-72, vol. ii. pp. 168- 
173; has 4 st. in l. w. added to Pt. ii. These 
stanzas were first published in tho 1st series 
of Hymns on GooVs Everlaetiiwj Love, 1741. 
Being a part of the some chapter in Isaiah 
they were omitted from the reprint of the 
Hymns, &&, and incorporated with this poem, 
in tho P. Wotht, vol, ii„ 1860. 

Awake, my heart, arise my tongue. 

I.WatU. [Spiritual Clo&iing.] 1st pub. in his 
Hymnt and 8. Songs, 1707 (1709, Bk. i.,No. 20), 
in 6 at. of 4 1., and again iu Liter editions. It 
is baaed on Is. lxi. 10. It came into C U. at 
an early date, and is still found in many col- 
lections in G. Brit, and America, 

Awake, my love, awake, my joy. 

J. Mason. [Morning.'] This is a cento adapted 
from Mason's Songs of Praise for Morning and 
Evening, and consists of St. i. from the Evening 
and ii.-iv. from Ihe Morning Hymn. It was 
included in the Rev. T. Darling's Hymns for 
the Ch. of England, new ed„ 1874, No. 198. 
The original text appeared in Mason's Songs 
of Praise, 1683, ana in Sedgwick's reprint, 
1850, pp. 10-18. 

Awake, my soul, awake, my tongue. 

Anne Steele. [Ps. cm.] This version of 
Pa. ciii. extends to 16 st, of 4 1, It Appeared 
in her Poems, Sets,, 1760, vol. ii. p. 206, and 
new odl, 1780. Tho cento given in Martiueau's 
Hymns, &c„ 1840 and 1873 ; tho Amer. Bap. 
Service of Song, Boston, 1872, and others, is 
composed of et. i, ii., xi. and xvi. slightly 
altered. Orig, text in Sedgwick's reprint of 
Miss Steele's Hymns, 1863, 

Awake, my soul. In [to] joyful lays. 
8. Medley. [Love of God.] Appeared in 
J. H. Meyer's Colt, of Hymns for Lady Hunt- 
ingdon's Chapel, Cumberland Street, Shore- 
ditch, 1782, and again in Medley's Hymns, 
Bristol and Bradford, 1785, in 8 st. of 4 I. Iu 
1787 it was included, with the omission of 
one stanza in Rippon's Bapt, Ssl., 1787, No. 13, 



AWAKE, MY SOUL 

and again by the author in his Hymnt, Ac., 
1800, with the addition of st. 4,and the trans- 
posing of st v. and vL The versions in common 
nse are that of Mippon. 1787, in 7 st, and a 
selection therefrom, in 5 st. It is also in use 
in America. Orig. text in Lyra Brit., 1867. 

Awake, my aouL lift up thine eyes. 

Anna L. Barbavld. [Watchfulness.'] Con- 
tributed to Dr. Enfield's Hymns, 4c., Warring- 
ton, 1772, No, 126, in 6 st. of 4 I., and headed 
" The Conflict" In the following year it wus 
repeated in her Poems, Lon., 1773, and again 
in her Works, &c, 1825, vol. i. p. 330. Its 
use has been and still is fairly extensive both 
in G. Brit, and America. Orig. text in Lyra 
Brit., 1867, p. 34, and Lord Selborne's Bk. of 
Praise, 1862, p. 485. In tho latter the date, 
1773, is given in error. 

Awake, my soul, stretch every 
nerve. P. Doddridge. [Confirmation.'} This 
hymn is not given in tbe "d.mbs." It was 1st 
pub. by J. Orton in his ed. of Doddridge's 
Hymns, 4c, 1755, No. 296, in 5 at. of 4 1., and 
entitled "Pressing on in the Christian Race." 
It was repeated in all subsequent editions of the 
Hymns, and also in Doddridge's Scripture 
Hymtu, edited by J. Doddridge Humphrey?, 
1839. One of the earliest collections in which 
it is found is Ash und Evans's Bristol Coil., 
1769, No. 281, with the omission of st, lr. 
" That prize," &c. From that date it came 
into general use, sometimes in 4 st., and again 
In 5 st until it became widely known both in 
Great Brit, and America. Iu modern collec- 
tions it is held iu greater favour by those of 
tho Ch. of England than those of Nonconform- 
ists. Full orig. text in the New Cong., No. 
617, and tbe 4 st. form unaltered, in Hy. 
Comp., No. 452. In the latter collection the 
editor suggests thiit in Confirmation it be sung 
after the benedictory prayer, " Defend, U 
Lord, this Thy servant," So. This 4 st. ar- 
rangement has been rendered into Latin : — 
" Sursnm, mens meal Strenue," by the Rev. 
R. Bingham, and given in his Hymno. Christ. 
Lai., 1871, pp. 101-103. A slightly altered 
form of tho hymn, as ** Awake, out soult, awake 
from sloth," is given in a few hymnals, includ- 
ing Walker's Cheltenham Coll., 1855 and 1881. 

[J. J.] 

Awake, my soul, to grateful praise. 
[Morning.l This hymn was given in J, H. 
Gurney's Lutterworth Coll., 1838, No, 15, in 
5 st. of 4 1., as by " Gardiner." It was re- 
pented with the same ascription in the Mary- 
lebone Ps. & Hys., 1851 , and, without name or 
date, in Kennedy, 1863. 

Awake, my soul, to meet the day, 

P. Doddridge. [Morning.] This hymn is in 
the "n. Mas." but undated. In 1755, it was 
pub. by J. Orton in Doddridge's Hymnt, &c, 
Ho. 362, in 7 st. of 4 1. without alteration, ihe 
title being, " A morning hymn, to bo used at 
awaking and rising." It was republished in 
J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the Hymns, 1839, 
No. 389, It is not in C. U. in Q. Britain. In 
the American Hymnal of the Meth. Episeo. Ch., 
187S, st. i., ii., vi., viL, are given, somewhat 
altered, as No, 96. 



AWAKE, MY ZEAL 

Awoke, my zeal, awake, my lore. 
T. Watts. [Personal tall to duty.} This may 
bo called a metricalpftTanhraBe of his sermon 
on i. Cor. iii. 22, "Whether Life or Death- 
All are yours." It was appended with other 
hymns, to his Sermon*, 1721-4, in 6 at. of 8 ]., 
and is repeated in later editions. Its use is 
limited. la Hall's Mitre, 1836, it was given 
as " Awoke our Beal, awake ottr lore," in 4 
st This also has almost passed oat of nee. 

Awake, our drowsy souls. Eliaibeih 
Beott. . [Sunday.] 1st jpnb. in the Baptist 
CWt. of Ash and Evans, Bristol, 1769, No. 307, 
in 5 st of 6 1., and appointed as ** A hymn for 
Lord's Day Morning.' From that collection 
it passed into several later hymnals, including 
Bippon, DobeH, and others; but it is almost 
entirely unknown to modern hj-mn-boakii ex- 
cept in AmericaJ i having been superseded by 
"Awake, ye saints, awake, And hail," &c, a 
recast of the same in 4 st (at iii. being the 
original with " and "tar" while," 1. 3) mude 
by T. Cotterill, and given in the 1st ed. of 
his Selection, 1810. This form of tlie hymn 
is in somewhat extensive use both in Great 
Britain and America, and is usually ascribed 
correctly to " Elissabeth Beott and Thomas 
Oolterill." In many of the modern American 
hymnals, st. iv. is omitted ; but the English 
generally give the text from Cotterill as in 
Bant Pi. and Hys., 1858, in this case the 
only alteration is "blest" for " bless'd" in Bt. 
i., 1. 5. Another form of the hymn is : — 
"Servants of God, awake." It consists of 
st. i.-iii. of Cotterill's recast, slightly altered. 
It appeared in the Harrow School B. Bk., 
1855, and from thence passed into Church 
Hyt., 1871, No. 39. In tho H. Bk. of the 
&ang. Alton., Cleveland, Ohio, 1881, No. 604, 
sti.,ii.are given as"Children of God, awoke"; 
and in the Marlborough College Bys., 1869, 
st L-iii. as "Come, sous of Goo, awake." 

[W. T. B.] 

Awake, our Bonis, and bless Bis 
name. P. Doddridge. [Christ the Door.'] 
This hymn is not in the " I), wss.," and was 
1st pub. by J. Orton in his cd. of Doddridge's 
Hymns, Ac, 1755, in 4 st. of 41. It is based 
on 6t John x. 9. It is repeated in later 
editions of the Hymns, and iu J. D. Hum- 
phreys's ed. of the some, 1839, In Kennedy, 
1863, No. 201, it is given as " Awake, my soul, 
and bless His name." 

Awake our souls, away our fears. 

I, Watt). [The Christian Race.] 1st pub. in 
his Hymns and 8. Songs, 1707, Bk. i„ No. 48, 
in 5 st of 4 1., and beaded "The Christian 
Baoe " It has been repeated in later editions 
of the Hymns, and may be found in all edi- 
tions of Watts's Works. Its use in the original, 
and as altered, is as follows : — 

1. The original waft included in various hymn-books 
at an early date, and is now In extensive use la all 
English-speaking countries. 

J. The original— with the single change of " Thy 
matchless " for " Whose matchless power. In st. ill. 
line 1— Is interesting, from thefact that It was introduced 
by *T, Watey In his Pt. A Hyt., pub. at Charlestown, 
South Carolina, In If 38-T, and from thence has passed into 
nearty all the Methodist hymn-books throughout the 
world, In addition to many In the Ch. of England. In 
the latter case the descent Ms been through M. Hadan's 
Pi. * Hfi. If SO. 



AWAKE, YE SAINTS 



103 



3. ITio readings In Windle's Jtet. Falter, and one or 
two others which have copied from him. are partly (st. 11. 
1L 3-1) from Rowland Hill's rt. £ flyj, Ind ed., list, 



nd partly <st. ill., iv.1 by Mr. Wlndle. 
t. In Hall's . ' — "- ■ 



JfUre, lsss, the hymn is given as 
Awake, my tool, dUwtn fay fears," At one time 
this text was widely used* but la now almost unknown. 

Other readings exist in minor collections, 
and may be corrected by collating with tho 
orig. text as above. 

Awake, sweet gratitude, and sing, 

A. M. Toplady. [ChrisCs Jntereestion.] In 
the Gospel Magazine, 1771, this hymn is given 
in 10 st of C 1. From the G. Magazine it passed 
at an early date into various collections, but 
in an abbreviated form. These included Rip- 
pon's SeL, 1787, to which possibly, more than 
to any other hymnal, modern collections are 
indebted for their text both in G. Brit, and 
America. The full orig. text was included in 
Sedgwick's reprint of Toplady's Hymns, I860, 
p. 150. It is curious to note that this hymn 
was omitted fiom Toplady's Pi. and Byt., 
1776, and from an ed. of his Bymnt, pub. 
in 1856, 

Awake, sweet harp of Judah, wake. 

B. K. White. [Heaven!] In Southey's cd. of 
H. K. White's Remains, 1807, this hymn is 
given in 7 of 4 L, with the title " In heaven 
we shall be purified, so as to be able to endure 
tho splendours of the Deity," and accompanied 
with the following note : — 

The last stanza of this hymn was added extempora- 
neously by Henry one summer evening, when be was 
with a few friends on the Trent, and singing it as he 
was used to do on such occasions." 

In the few modern collections in which this 
hyinn is found it is given iu an abbreviated 
form. The orig. text is in Lyra Brit., 1867, 
p. 628. [\V. T. B.] 

Awake, ye saints, and raise [lift] 
your eyes. P. Doddridge. {Exhortation.] 
This hymn is not in the " d. mm.," and was 
1st pub. by J. Orton in his ed. of Doddridge's 
Hymns, &a., 1755, No. 264, in 4 st of 4 1., and 
entitled " The near Approach of Salvation, an 
Engngement to Diligence and Lnve. Rom. 
xiii. 11." It was also repeated in J. D. 
Humphreys's ed. of the same, 1839. It 
came into C. IT. at an early date, and is still 
found in a few important collections in G. 
Brit and America. In B. Conyera's Pi. and 
Bys., 1774, it was altered to " Awake, ye 
saints, and lift your eyes;" but Ihis lias 
died out of use. Orig. test in Lyra Brit., 
1867, p. 191, and Lord Selborne's Bk. of 
Praise, 1862, p. 296. 

Awake, ye saints, to praise your 
King. I. Waits. [Ps. ctkkto.j His c. a. 
version of Ps. exxxv., in 8 st. of 4 L, 1st pub. 
in his Pt. of David, &c, 1719. In a note 
thereto ho says, " In the 5th stanza I have 
borrowed averse from Jer. xiv. '22, " Are there 
any among the vanitUi of the Gtniile) tJiat can 
cause rain.'' This st. begins " Which of tho 
stocks and stones they trust" As a whole 
the paraphrase is not iu general use. A cento 
beginning "Great is the Lord, and works 
unknown," is given in N. Conq., No. 225. It 
is composed of st. ii.-v. and viii. 



104 AWAY, DARK THOUGHTS 

Away, dark thoughts, awake, my 
joy. J. Mason. [Christmas.] This is Mason's 
" Song of Praise tor the Birth of Christ," and 
appeared in his Songs of Praise, 1683, in 4 at. 
of 8 L, and is later editions including Sedg- 
wick's reprint, 1839. Its use u a congrega- 
tional hymn is limited. It is quaint, and on 
the whole unsulted to modern taste. 

Away from every mortal care. J. 
Watts. [PtiWie Worship.] 1st pub. in bis 
Hymns and 8. Songs, 1709, Bk. li., No. 123, 
in 6 st. of 4 L, and entitled, " The benefit of 
Public Ordinances." It has been republished 
inall later editions of the Hymra, Ac, and in 
Watts'* Works. G. Whitefield included at. i, 
ii., iii., and vi, In his Coll., 1753. This 
arrangement is often repeated in modern 
hymnals. In Hatfield's Amer. Church H. Bk., 
1872, No. 122, the fall text is given with 
brings, for " tears down," in st. iii., 1. 3. 

Away, my needless fears. C. Tt why. 
[Submission."] In Hymn* and Sacred Foems, 
1749, 55 hymns were given oa " For Christian 
Friends," of which this was No. 35, in 10 st. 
of 8 1. From this two centos have come into 
C. U. as follows;— 

1. Id the Supp. to the Wis. IT. Bk. 1S30, st, i„vii.,«nd 
tx. were given iu * st. of 4 1., No. Sis, Tills cento Is 
also found in various collections of the Methodist 
bodies, sad la the revised ed. of the tret. B. Bk. 1875, 
Ko. 813. 

1. In A. X. To&aib/i Pi. A Hys. im,No. !&, and 
Inter editions, et. I, -v. and Ix. were given with slight 
alteration?, hut this cento has almost entirely gone out 
of use. Orig. text in P. llorfci, lsSS-JJ, vol. v. p. 44 a. 

Away, my unbelieving fear. C. Wet- 
ley. [Confidence.] Hab. iii., 17, 18, 19, is the 
subject of this hymn. It appeared in Hymns 
and Sacred Poems, 1742, in 4 St. of 8 1., ami 
again in the P. Works, 1868-72, vol. ii. p. 11)8. 
It did not form part of the Wes. H Bit. until 
the revised ed. 1875, although, through having 
boon given in M. Madan's Ft. £ Hys., 1760, it 
had been in C. U. in the Ch. of England aud 
amongst Nonconformists for more than one 
hundred years. Its modem use is limited. 

Away, thou dying saint, away. 
T. KeUy. [Death.] 1st pub. in the !lrd ed. 
of his Hymns, 1809, No. 134, in 5 st. of 4 1., 
nnd repeated in all subsequent editions. It 
is bastMl on Eccles. iii. 7, "And the Spirit 
shall return to God who gave it." Orig. text 
in E. T. Prust's Supp. H. BL, 18C9, No. 241, 

Away with death, away. H. K. 
White. [Death.] This poem, entitled "Atha- 
natos," was given by Soutliey iu his ed. 
of II. K. White's Remains, 1807, and repeated 
in later editions, as also in the numerous re- 
prints of H. K. White's Poems. It is unknown 
as a hymn, but 20 lineB therefrom slightly 
altered and beginning, "Hail the heavenly 
scenes of peace," are in Mortineau's Hymns, 
4c„ 1840 and 1873. 

Away with our fears, Our troubles 
and tears. C. Wesley. [Whitsuntide.] This 
is No. 32 of his " Hymns for Whitsunday," 
which were pub. at Bristol in 1746 as Hymns 
of Petition and Thanksgiving for the Promise 



AWHILE IN Bpmrr, LORD 

of the Father. It is in 3 st. of 8 1. In 1776 
four stanzas, somewhat altered, were given in 
A. H. Toplsdy's Pt, & Hys., No. 236, and thus 
came into G. U, It did not form a part of ihe 
Wei. H. Bk. until the revised ed. of 1875. 
Orig. text in P. Works, 1808-72, vol. iv. p, 203. 

Away with my [our] fears! The 
glad morning appears. C. Wesley, 
[Thanksgiving.] Tliis hymn-was written for 
use on the celebration of a Birthday, and in 
many respects it is eminently suited thereto. 
It was 1st pub. in Hymns and Sacred Poems, 
1749, vol. ii., No. 190, in 14 st. of 6 1., and 
entitled "On his Birthdav." Under the date 
"June 17, 1788," J. Wesley refers to this 
hymn in the following manner ; — 

"Ithisd&y enter on my eighty.flftb year; and what 
cause have 1 to praise God, as for a thousand spiritual 
blessings, eo for bodily blessings also 1 How little Save I 
suffered yet fcy the rush of numerous years ! . . . Even 
now, though I find dally pain In my eye. or temple, or 
arm, yet it is never violent, and seldom lasts many 
minutes at a time. Whether or not tbts la sent to give 
me warning that 1 am shortly to quit thla tabernacle, I 
do not know ; but be it one way or the other, I have 
only to say:—. 

* My remnant of days I spend in Els praise, 

Who died the whole world to redeem : 
My days are His due, Be they nuvny or few, 
And they ail are devoted to Him.'" 

When included in the Wes.. H. Bk., 1780, 
No. 221, st. it. and xi. were omitted. This 
form is repeated in the now ed., 1875, and also 
in numerous hymnals of the Methodist bodies 
at home and abroad. Orig. text in P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. v. p. 400. [J. J.] 

Away with our sorrow and fear. 

C. Wesley. [Burial.] No. viii. of his 
Funeral Hymns, 1746, in 5 st. of 8 !., and 
ugaiu-in the Wes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 71, and 
ed. 1875, No. 73. It is found in the hymnals 
of the various branches of the Methodist body 
in most English-speaking countries, and some- 
times in otiU'r collections. In the Cooke & 
Denton Hymnal, 1853, No. 324, the first line 
reads, "Away with all sorrow and fear." 
Orig. text in P.Works, 1808 -72, vol. vi. p. 197. 
The hymn, with the some first stanza, in A. M. Top- 
lady's J*t. <fc Kyi., ltflt. No. fla, and later, editions, 
together with others which have copied tiwreftom, ts a 
cento, of which the let et. is st, i, of this iiymn ; st. lit. 
from Wesley's " Give glory to Jesus, out llesid " \R~yt. 
* 8. Poem, 1149) ; and ii., iv., and v. from Xo. vtl, of 
the above Funtral llyi. It U very kittle used. If at all, 
at the present time. 

Awhile in spirit, Lord, to Thee. 
/. F. Thrapp. [Lent] One of the beat 
known and most popular of Mr. Thrupp's 
hymns. It was written for and let pub. in 
his Ps. & By*, for Pub. Worship, 1853, No. 
64, in 4 st. of 4 1. In 18G1 the Rev. F. Pott 
included it in his Has., &c, Nji 72, with st 
iii. and iv. transposed, some minor alterations, 
and a doxology from the Latin. This form 
was repeated in Ch. Hyt., 1871, No. 103. 
Orig. text in Turing's CM., 1882, No, 154, 
with b(. i., 1. 2, "Into the desert would we 
flee," for " Would we unto the desert flee," an 
alteration from the Bev. P. Pott as above. 
The text of Hys. & Songs of Praise: N. Y., 
1874, is that of tho Bev. F. Pott with a 
slight alteration, and tho omission of the 
doxology. 



AYLWABD, JAMBS AMBROSE 

Aylward, James Ambrose, b. in 1813, 
at Leeds, and educated at Hinckley, the Domi- 
nican Priory of 8i Peter, to which a secular 
college was attached. Particulars touching 
the stages of his monastic life may be found 
in the Obituary Notices of the Friar-Preachers, 
or Dominicans, of the English Province from 
tht year of our Lord 1650. He was ordained 
in 1836, and assisted In tue school, taking the 
higher classical studies, in 1842. He became 
head of the school, and oontinued so till it 
■was discontinued in 1S52. At Woodchester 
he was made successively Lector of Philosophy 
and Theology and Prior. He died at Hinckley, 
and was buried in the cloister-yard of Wood- 
cheater. His sacred poems have become his 
urmeip&l monument, and of these he contri- 
buted very many to the first three volumes of 
the CaOiolio Weekly Instructor, and other peri- 
odicals. His essay on the Mystical Element 
in Religion, aud on Ancient and Modem Spirit- 
ism, was not pub. till 1874, Referring to him, 
and to his ms. It. of Latin hymns, a large 
number of which are incorporated by Mr. 0. 
Shipley in Annus Sanctus, 1884, Mr. Ship- 
ley says : ■' The second collection of mss. came 
from the pen of tEe late Very Rev. Fatlier 
Aylward, of the Order of Preachers, a cul- 
tured and talentod priest of varied powers 
and gifts, whose memory is held dear by 
all who knew and were influenced by him. 
He went to his reward in the year 1872, after 
nearly forty years' profession as a Dominican, 
and was buried in the picturesque cloistral- 
cemetery of Woodohester, of which model and 
peaceful religions house he was the first Prior." 

[J. C. B.] 

Ayree, H. C., b, ahont 1849, a member of 
the Baptist denomination, and a resident in 
Philadelphia, is the author of: — 

1. Onethami* who loves the*. [ Love of C/irist.'] 
A popular hymn and welt known in G. Brit, 
through I. D. Sankey's Sacred 8. fy Sutos, enlarged 
ed., Ho. 310. It was written daring the Cen- 
tennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, the theme 
having been auggested by the eipreaston, "One 
there ie Who loves and waits to bleu," used by 
Mr. W. H. Doane (q. v.) in prayer at a meeting 
of friends at which Mr. Ayrea was present. The 
MS. was presented to Mr. Doane a day or two 
afterwards. It was set to music by Air. Doane, 
and pub. forthwith. The orig. text and music 
are in Mt. Sankey's 8. $r Soioa as above, Mr. 
Ayros ia also tie author of; — 

l. Ho other Vum». [TAe Same of Jous."] 
Thia hymn is unknown to the English collec- 
tions, [J. J,] 



BACON, LEONARD 



105 



B 



B., in Ash and Evans's Bapt. OoU,, Bristol, 
1st ed , 1769, ie. Simon Browne. 

B. in Nettleton's Village Hymns (American), 
1824, i.e. Mrs. Phoebe Brown. 

B. in Hys. <fc Sac. Song*, Manchester, Flet- 
cher & Tubba, 1855, i.e. Rev. G. B, Bubier. 



S., in Border's Congregational Hymns, 1884, 
i&, the Bev. Stapford A. Brooke 

B. B„ A»h & Evans, 1769, i.e. Benjamin 

Beddome. 

B — d., in the same CoO., later editions, Ia. 
Anna L. Baruauld. 

B. S., in the some Cott^ 1769, i.e. Benjamin 
Seward. 

B. T,, In the People's H., i.e. a nam dt 
plume of the Bev. E. F. LitUednle, and the 
Initials of a former address. 

Backward with, humble shame we 
look. I, Watts. [The FaU and ike Redemp- 
tion.'] 1st pub. In his Eymnt and Spiritual 
Bongs, 1707. hk. i., No. 57, in 8 st of 4 1., and 
again in later eds. of the same. Its use, and 
that in an abbreviated form, is very limited. 

Bacon, Francis, Lord Verulam, s. of 
Sir Nicholas Bacon, b. in London, 1661, d. 
1626. He was educated at Trinity College, 
Cambridge, and there showed at an early age 
those remarkable powers which eventually 
gained him a world-wide and lasting renown. 
The story of his greatness and of his ahnma 
belongs more to the history of the nation than 
to hymnody, his contributions to the latter 
being confined to the metrical voisions of 
seven (1, 12, 90, 104, 126, 137, 149) individual 
psalms, which were pub. in his Certaine 
Psalmet, Lond., Hannah Barrett and B, 
Whittftker, 1 625 - and reprinted in Dr. 
Grosart's Fuller Wortiiies Miscellanies, vol. 
i., 1870, and in various eds. of Bacon's col- 
lected Works, 

Bacon, Leonard, d.s., was b. at Detroit 

(where his father was a missionary to ttie 
Indians), Feb, 19, 1802, and educated at 
Yale College, and at Andover. In 1625 he 
was ordained Pastor of the Centre Church, 
New Haven, and retailed that charge tilt 
1666, when be was appointed Professor of 
Theology in Yale Divinity School. Thia 
professorship ha resigned in 1871; but till 
his death in 1881, he whs Lecturer on Church 
Polity. He died Dec. 23, 1881. Dr. Bacon 
rendered important services to hymnology both 
as writer and compilur. "While a student at 
Andover, he edited an important and now rare 
tract, entitled Hymns and Sacred Songs for 
the Monthly Concert (of Prayer fur Missions], 
Andover, Sept. 1823. This contained the 
three hymns following, which are his; — 

1, Vfp not for tie saint that aaeenda. Death 
of a Missionary. 

1. land where the bones of our fathers are 

■lMptnf. Missions. Thia was brought into 
notice in Q. Britain through its insertion in the 
Evangelical Magazine, March, 1824. 

1. Wake the song of jobilM. Missions. 

Of these No. 1 ia found in Lyra &k. Amcr., 
p. ti, and No. 3 was adopted, with alterations, by 
Pratt in his J's. and Hy». (Lond., Sceley & Co., 
1829), from which it passed into Greene and 
Mason's Church Psalmody, 1831, and the Church 
Psalmist of the Evangelical Christians (N. Y., 



106 



BAHNMATER, J. V. 



1845, 7th ed.). This altered text, with, dome 
further ohanges, was adopted by the author in 
his Appendix to T. Dwight's reviled ed. of 
Watts's Psalms, 1833. Tfaia Appendix also con- 
tained three new hymns by him, vii. : — 

4. Theuth now the nations alt beneath. Missions, 
This is based on a hymn by Snrab SHnn, "Arise 
in all Thy splendour, Lord" (q. v.\ which Dr. 
Bacon bad partly rewritten for his Andover 
Tract, above noted. In the Appendix to Dwight 
he substituted new verses for what remained of 
her's in the Tract, and then justly claimed the 
whole as his own, 

I. Than Who hast died ta redeem tut from hilL 
Holy Communion, 

8. Hod of our fathers, to Thy tbwae. Thanks- 
giving. 

In 1345 Dr. Bacon was joint compiler with 
Dr. E. T. Fitch, and several others, of Psalms 4 
Hymns for Gtristian Use and Worship, pub. " by 
the General Association of Connecticut." 

To this collection he contributed the four 
hymn* following : — 

7, Bete, lord of lift and light to Thee. Insti- 
tution of a Minister. This was written March 9, 
1825, for his installation as pastor of the First 
Church, New Haven, and first pub. as above, 
No. 559, in 4 st. of 4 1., and headed " Ordination 
in an ancient New England Church." 

8, God, beneath Thy (muni; hand. American 
Anniversary Hymn. This is a favourite Ameri- 
can Anniversary hymn. It is abbreviated and 
altered from his hymn, "The Sabbath morn is 
as bright and calm," which he wrote for the 
Bicentenary of New Haven, 1833. In this revised 
form it was first pub. as above, No. 619, in 
5 st. of 4 1., and appointed " For the twenty- 
second of December." 

9, Hod of Abraham, ever sure. Prayer on 
behalf of the Young. This was written as a sub- 
stitute for Mrs. Hyde's "Dear Saviour, if these 
lambs should stray," the use of which was re- 
fused by the owners of the copyright of Nettle- 
ton's Village Hymns (1824), In the Ps, $ Hys., 
1845, it is No. 635, in 4 st. of 4 1., and headed 
" Prayer for the children of the Church," 

10, Bail, tranquil hour ef elosiaf day. Evening. 
This popular hymn was written under the same 
circumstances as the preceding, and as a substi- 
tute for Mrs. Brown's Twilight hymn, " I love 
to steal awhile away." It is No. 706 of the 
Ps. $ Hys., 1845, in 5 st, of 4 1., and entitled 
"Evening Twilight."* 

1L Sow sweet, thn? Ions; remembered ysars* 
Evening. In the Church Prate Bk. t N. 1*., 1883, 
No. 15, is composed of st. iii,-v. of No. 10. 

[F. M. BO 

Bahnmaier, Jonathan Friedrich, s. 

of J. O. Bahnmaier, Town Preacher at Obe> 
gtenfeld, near Bottwar, "Witrttemberg, was b. 
nt Oberstcnfeld, July 12, 1774. After com- 
pleting liig studios at Tubingen, his first 
appointment was, in 1793, as assistant to his 
father. He became Dlaconus at Marbach on 
the Neekar in 1806, and at Ludwigsburg in 
1810, where he was for a time the head of a 
young ladies' school. In 1815 lie was ap- 
pointed Professor of Education and Homiletics 
at Tubingen, but in the troublous timcB that 



BAHNMAIEB, J, F. 

followed htul to resign hia peat Hu received 
in 1819 the appointment of Deoan and Town 
Preacher at Kircliheim-unter-Teck, where be 
continued as a faithful, unwearied, and suc- 
cessful worker for 21 years. He was distin- 
guished as a preacher, and greatly interested 
in the causes of education, of missions, and of 
Bible societies. He was also one of the prin- 
cipal members of the committoe which com- 
piled the Wlirttemberg G. B. of 1812. He 
preached his lost sermon at Kirohheim, on the 
10th Sunday after Trinity,. Aug. 15, 18*1. 
Two days later he held a. visitation at Owen. 
While inspecting the school at the adjacent 
village of Bruoker, he was struck by para- 
lysis, and being conveyed back to Owen, d. 
there, Aug. 18, 1841 {Kock, vii. 81-84; AUg. 
Deutsche Biog., i. 760-767). Of hts hymus 
two have been tr. into English: — 

i. Jean al* du wiederhehrtest. [SWitwfe.] 1st 
pub. in his Christlic&e Blatter mts TU'jingen, 
pts. 9-12 for 1819, p. 85, in 2 st. of 8 ]., entitled 
" Prayer after School ; " as one of 7 metrical 
prn vers for Children, and for the School and House. 
Included as No. 2947 in Knapp's Ev. L. &, 1837 
(1865, No. 2614), and No. £13 in the Wilrttem- 
berg Q. £., 1842. The only tr. in C. U. is ;— 

Jem, when Thou once retaraeat. In full by Miss 
Winkworth in her C. B. for England, 18G3, No. 
178. 

ii. Walts, (aider, nah mad tan. [Jfisafons.] Ac- 
cording to Koch, vii. 84, 1st printed separately 
1827. included as No. 97 in the Kerndesdcutschen 
Liedersckatzes, Niirnberg, 1828, and as No. 260, 
beginning, "Walte, walte, nah nod fern," in 
Bunsen's Versuch., 1833, in 7 st. of 4 1-, aud since 
in the Wurttemberg G. B., 1842, and other recent 
collections. One of the best and most useful of 
hymns for Foreign Missions. The trs. in C. U. 
are:— 

I. Tax aad near, Almighty Word. A good and foil 
(r.by Miss Cox in her Sacred H, from the German, 
1841, p. 203, repeated, slightly altered, in her 
H. from, the German, 1864, p. 223. Included in 
J. I. Porter's Coll., 1876, and the Bapt. Hymnal, 

1879. In Hedge and Huntington's Hys, Boston, 
U.S., 1853, and Dean Alford's Year of Praise, 
1867, st. i. was omitted and the hymn thus began, 
" Word by God the Father sent." 

8, Spread thy triumph far and nigh, by H. J, 
Bucholl. By omitting at, ii., iv. as No. 65 in the 
Rugby School H. Bk., 1850 0" tn * ItyfiS School 
H. Bk., 1870, No, 175, the tr. is complete). The 
trs. of St. iii., v.-vii. altered and beginning "Word 
of Him whose sovereign will," were included in 
the Marylebone Coll., 1851, and Burgess and 
Money's Pi. and Hys., 1857. The Wellington 
College H. Bk,, 1863, begins with the tr. of st. v., 
" Word of life, so pure and free." 

s. Spread, oh spread, thou mighty Word. A full 
and very good tr, by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra 
Oer., 2nd Series, 1858, p. 60, repeated in her 
C. B.for England, 1863, No. 176, Since included 
in Kennedy, 1863, People's H., 1867, Border's 
Cong. Hys., 1884, and others; and in America 
in the Pennsylvania Lvih. Ch. Bh., 1868, Hy$. 
and 8. of Pntise, N. Y,, 1874, Eeang. Hymnal, 

1880, and others. In Longfellow and Johnson's 
Hys. of the Spirit, Boston, 1864, it begins with 
st. v., " Word of life, most pare, most strong." 



BAILEY, EDWARD 

Otiurtn. an ; — 

(1) "Go fort^ thou mighty word of #»<^" by &mih.« 
fiirkseve, 1843 (ed. IU1, p. 31). (3) "0 Word of God, 
reign everywhere," by l*r. & IFaittr, i860, p. as. 
(3) "Word of God! wttk glory crown'd." in L. 
Rehfuess's Ok. ft( Sea, ibss, p. lot. [J, M.] 

Bailey, Udward, a TrVesleyan local 
preacher, and a representative of a London 
(Km firm, was b. at Brentford, Middlesex, 
Aug. 16, 1816. At 12 rears of age, through 
the death of his father, he was compelled to 
work for hU own livelihood, and to support 
his widowed mother, who was paralysed. His 
heavy labours were relieved by literair efforts, 
the first to appear in print being in 1869, Mr, 
Bailey is known chiefly as the author of 25 
tracts in prose and versa, which have been pub. 
by the Wesley&n, the Tract, and other Societies, 
and of several hymns. Borne of the latter were 
written for Anniversary Services at various 
Sunday Schools with which he was associated, 
and others in times or personal affliction. Of 
these hymns the following ore in the lleth. 
8. 8. H. Bk„ 1879, and other collections :— 

1. OrwlotuOoil Almighty Father. Misttotu. 

3. Tried, trusted, crowned. Pertaeranct. 

3. When our hearts are glad Bud light. For Guidance. 

Bailey, BhiUp James, b. at Notting- 
ham, April 22, 1816. His father, a man of 
great ability and local celebrity as a politician 
and author, was for some time proprietor and 
editor of the Nottingham. Mercury, a weekly 
newspaper. In his 16th year P. J. Builey 
became a student at Glasgow University. 
He did not graduate, but after a time went 
to Loudon to study for the legal profession. 
In 1885 he was called tothe bar by the Society 
of Lincoln's Inn. In the years that followed, 
whilst ostensibly engaged in legal matters, he 
was really absorbed in the study of literature 
and philosophy, and in the conception and 
elaboration of the remarkable poem in con- 
nexion with which his name is chiefly known. 
This was pub. In 183i», under the title of Feetas, 
a Poem, by Philip fame* Bailey. The Anget- 
World (1850); The Mystic and the Spiritual 
Legend (1835); and The Universal Hymn 
(1888), may all be considered as episodes of 
his chief work, and are in fact in later 
editions in substance incorporated with it. 
Mr. Bailey is the author of two other works 
of a different class, — The Age, a Satire, 1858, 
nnd a brief political treatise on the Interna- 
tional Policy of the Great Powers. 

From 1861 to 1876 Mr. Bailey lived for 
the most part in Jersey. Of late years he 
has resided at a seaside village in North 
Devon. 

FUtvt has prosed through 10 editions in Riglind, 
and 30 In America. One of the ]yrtcs comprised in 
this poem — ** Is Heaven a place where pearly streams " 
— appears as a Hymn In Dr. B.W. Rules EnalitKllyiAn 
Kk. IVrt-of another—" Call all who lore Thee, Lord, 
to Thee" (ed. 1848, p. 100) — has been expanded Into 
a Hymn by G. Rawson (itop. JTynnaf , No.sos). Both 
compositions are eminently beautiful, and make one wish 
that THr. Bailey bad given us more of the sami> kind. 

[W. B. SJ 

Baker, F. A, f Jerusalem, my happy horns.] 

Baker, Sir Henry Williams, Bart, 
eldest s.of Admiral Sic Henry Loraine Baker, 
b. in London, May 27, 1821, and educated at 



BAKES, MAEY A 



107 



Trinity Coll., Cambridge, where he graduated, 
B.A, 1814, m.a. 1847. Taking Holy Orders 
in 1844, he became, in 1851, Vicar of Monk- 
land, Herefordshire. This benefice he held to 
his death, on Monday, Feb. 12, 1877. He 
succeeded to the Baronetcy in 1851. Sit 
Henry's name is intimately associated with 
hymnody. One of his earliest compositions 
was the very beautiful hymn, " Oh 1 what if 
we are Christ's," which he contributed to 
Murray's Hymnal for the Use of the English 
Church, 1852, HU hymns, including metrical 
litanies and translations, number in the 
revised ed. of H. A, & 3f, 33 in all. These 
were contributed at various times to Murray's 
Hymnal ; W. A. & M., and the London Mistion 
H. Bk., 1876-7. The last contains his three 
latest hymns. These are not included in H. 
A. <t M, Of his hymns four only are in the 
highest strains of jubilation, another four are 
bright and cheerful, nnd the remainder are 
very tender, but exceedingly plaintive, some- 
times even to sadness, liven those which at 
first seem bright and cheerful have an under- 
tone of plaintiveness, and leave a dreamy sad- 
ness upon the spirit of the singer. Poetical 
figures, far-fetched illustration*, and difficult 
compound words, he entirely eschewed. In his 
simplicity of language, smoothness of rhythm, 
and earnestness of utterance, he reminds one 
forcibly of the saintly Lyte, In common with 
Lyte also, if a subject presented itself to his 
mind with striking contrasts of lights and 
shadows, he almost invariably sought shelter 
in the shadows. The last audible words which 
lingered on his dying lips were tim third stanza 
of his exquisite rendering of the 23rd Psalm, 
" The King of Love, my Shepherd is " :— 

H Perverse and foolish, oft 1 strayed, 
Gut yet in love He sought me, 
And on Ills Shoulder gently laid. 
And home, rejoicing, brought me." 

This tender sadness, brightened by a soft 
calm peace, was an epitome of his poetical 
life. , 

Sir Henry's labours as the Editor of H. A. 
A M. were very arduous. The trial copy was 
distributed amongst a fotv friends in 1859; 
1st ed. pnb. 1861, and the Appendix, in 1868 ; 
the trial copy of the revised ed, was issued in 
1874, and the publication followed in 1875. 
In addition ho edited Hymns for the Loudon 
Mission, 1874, and Hymns for Misnion Services, 
N.D., c 1876-7. He also pub. Daily Prayers 
for those who worfc hard; a Daily Text Booh, 
&<\ jfu S. A. & M. there are also four tunes 
(33, 211, 254, 472) the melodies of which are by 
Sir Henry, and the harmonies by Dr. Monk, 
He d. Feb. 18, 1877. [J. J.] 

Baker, Mary A. Miss Baker, who is a 

member of the Baptist denomination, and a 
resident in Chicago, Illinois, is an active 
worker in the temperance cause, and the 
author of various hymns and temperance 
songs. Her most popular hymn : — 

1. Vaster, the tempest is raging, Peace, was 
written in 1874 at tlie request of Dr. H. R. Pal- 
mer, who desired of her several songs on the 
subjects of a series of Sunday School Lessons for 
that year. Its theme is "Christ stilling the 
tempest." During the same year it was set to 



108 



BAEEWELL, JOHN 



music by Dr. Palmer, and pub. in his Songs of 
Loot for the Bible School, 1874. It is found in 
other collections, inclading I. D, Sankey's Sac 8. 
emd Solos, Loud., 1881. Its home popularity 
was increased by its republication and frequent 
use during the illness or Pres. Garfield. It was 
sung at several of the funeral servieeB held in 
hia honour throughout the States. 

>. Why perish with mid and with hunger 1 
Imitation. This is another of her hymns set 
to music by 1. D, Sankey, and included in his 
Sacred & and Solos, Lond., 1881. [J. J.] 

Bakewell, John, b. at Brailsfbrd, Der- 
byshire, 1721. At about the age of eighteen 
his mind was turned towards religious truths by 
leading' Boston's Four/old State. Front that 
date he became an ardent evangelist, andin 1744 
(the year of the first Methodist Conference) 
he began to preach. Removing to London 
vome short time after, he became acquainted 
with the Wesleys, M. Madan. A. M. Toplady, 
J. Fletcher, and other earnest evangelical 
men. After conducting for some years the 
Greenwich Royal Park Academy, he resigned 
In favour of his son-in-law, Dr. James Egnu, 
and employed much of his time in preaching 
at various places for the Wesleyans. He d. at 
Lewisham, near Greenwich, March IS, 1819, 
aged 98, and was buried in the Wesleyan 
burying ground connected with the City Road 
Chapel, London. Mr. Bakewell was the 
author of a few hymns, the best known 
being, "Hail Thou once despised Jesus," the 
abbreviations of the same, "Paschal Lamb, 
by God appointed," and "Jesus, hail, en- 
throned in glory." A shaft memoir of him was 
pub. by Mr. Btelfox, Belfast, 1864. [J. J.] 

Bald ssieli ich. mit dem Sterbsfeleid. 

Anon. [A'fcwKti Idfe.} Included ns No. 3508 
in Enapp's Ev. h. 8., 1837, in 2 st. of 4 1., 
with tlie note "Found in the hymn-book of 
my deceased wife." The only (r. in C. U. is : — 
Boon is the grave my fissh shall ie*t, By Dr. 
H. Mills, in full, with 2 origins] st. added in his 
Herat Oer,, 1815 (1856, p. 250), and thence, as 
No. 983, in the Lutheran General Synod's 
Hymns, &c., 1852. 

Another tr. is, " Soon nil my Borrows I ehall lay," by 
Dr. R. Menzles, in V, A. G. Tholuck'B Bourt of Chris- 
tian Jtenltini, Edln., 1*»0, p. S41. [J, M.] 

Balde, Jacob. Ho was b. at Ensisheim, 
in Alsace, in 1603, and d. in 1668, at the ago 
of 65. In the year 1621 he entered the order 
of the Jesuits, but it is rather db a patriot, 
deeply mourning over the miseries cnused by 
the " Thirty Years' War," than as a priest, 
that he comes before us in his works. His 
reputation amongst his compatriots as a writer 
of Latin poetry could hardly have been 
greater than it is. With an exaggeration 
which, however pardonable, can scarcely be 
allowed to pass altogether unchallenged, he 
is extolled by such writers as Border, and 
even more markedly by A. W. von Schlegel, as 
though lie were unapproached by any other 
modern Latin poet. There is, however, no 
doubt that his acquaintance and sympathy 
with the misfortunes of his country result in 
a i cnlism, and at times an earnestness, founded 



BALPERN, W. P. 

upon deep religious feeling, in what he wrote, 
which is too often sought in vain in the works 
of other writers of the same class. He takes 
high rank, if not the first place, amongst 
such. 

He m a prolific writer. His Oats and SdtaHtm 
Pcdagrieonm, (the best known of his works) scarcely 
fall within the scope of a Dictionary of Svnnotogy; 
but, especially as it has been admitted by Archbishop 
Trench Into bis Sacred Latin Poetry, reference may 
be made here to his "Chorea tforttudie give lesttis de 
sortis et mortis in humanos ree impede, H a dirge upon 
the death of the Empress LeopoWlua, wife of Ferdi- 
nand III., tn her first childbirth, In 16*9, end cbauted 
in her funeral praceseton.and commencing " Eheu,qnld 
homines sutnus ? " (Trench, Sac Lot. P., 2nd ed,, last, 
pp. 2ro-M4). It Is a noble poem, la which the author 
allows himself, as he very rarely did, to forsake the 
classical metres, in which he usually wrote. However 
difficult to translate, and Archbishop Trench says that 
it " almost defies translation," there is one translation 
Into English, lu the original metre, in the Southern 
Mogatine, U.S., Jan. 1S73; and D. T. Morgan has 
anulber, but not la the original metre, in hia flsmiti 
(* other Poetry of the Latin Church. The original poem 
la given at length fn Trench, as quoted from Palde, 
Colonise, 1660, vol. iv. p. 424. 

The merits of Balde's productions consist 
rather in tho grandeur and solemnity of his 
utterances and Hie boldness of his imagery 
than in the perfection of his classical style. 
Success in the latter is hardly claimed for him 
by his most ardent admirers, [D. B. W,] 

Baldwin, Thomas, d.d., b. at Bozrah, or 
Norwich, Connecticut, 1753, was representa- 
tive for some time of iiis native Stale in the 
Legislature. In 1783 he was ordained to the 
Baptist ministry, and from 1790 till his death, 
in 1825, he was Pastor of the Second Bap- 
tist Church, Boston. His best known hymns 
aro: — 

1. Almighty Saviour, We we stand. Holy Bap- 
tism. This hymn " For Immersion " was contri- 
buted to a Coll. of Sacred and Devotional Hymns, 
Boston, 1803, from whence it has passed into 
later Collections, including the Baptist Praise 
BL, N. Y., 1871, and others. 

S, From whenes dees this union rise t Commu- 
nion of Saints. First found in J. Asplund's Jfcw 
Coll., Baltimore, 1793, beginning, "O whence 
does this union rise." Formerly very popular, 
and still in use as in the 'Bapt tat Hy. [and 2\tne\ 
Book, Phila., 1871, No. 638. In the Church 
Pastorals, Boston, 1864, No. 981, it is altered to 
" From whence doth this union arise." 

>. Ys Happy saints, the Xamb adore. Holy 
Baptism. Fur Immersion, first appeared in a 
Coil, of Sacred and Devotional Hynias, Boston, 
1808, from whence it passed in an altered form 
as: — "Come, happy souls, a<iore the Lamb," into 
Winchell's Supp. to Watts, 1819, It is found in 
Spnrgeon's O. O. H. Bk., 1866, and many modern 
American Baptist collections, [P. M. B.] 

Balfern, William Poole, b. in 1818, nt 
Hammersmith ; entered the Baptist Ministry in 
1848; and has laboured chiefly in the suburbs 
of London, and in Brighton. Mr. Balfern is 
the author of Glimpses of Jeeus and other 
prose works of similar character, has been u 
frequent contributor to Religious Periodicals, 
and has pub. tho following vols, of poetry : — 

(1) The Beauts <lf the Great King, and otter Patau, 
1S71, LontL, i'assmore and Alabaster. (2) Tjffrictfcr 
the Heart, isle. (Kline pubs.) (3) Hyixiu of the i'm- 



BALL. THOMAS ISAAC 

•ton, ]SI>2, Lnnd., Nelson and Sous, (i) Pilgrim. China 
for the Week) of the Ttar, 18S1, is a selection ftom Mi. 
"Saltern's poems made nnd pnb. by Kev. Chss. UuLlock. 

Mi. Bolfcrn's hymns have appeared in the 
Bap. Hymnal; Fs. d> Hys.for the Young ; the 
Meth. 8. 8. B. Bk. ; Songs of Gladness (S. S. 
Union) ; Bk. of Hsimns for S. School, Load., 
Weeks & Co.; Treasury of Sacred Song, 
Kirkwall, W. Peace; and in a. few collections 
of the Church of England. They include : — 

1. Cum/e unto Me, the Saviour speaks [said]. Invi- 
tation. 

2. Ilarlc, dear children, hear tbe MiKtli. Sunday. 

3. gentle '1'eaclior, ever near. Divine 'Rather. 

4. Lamb of tied, must lowly [holy]. Uotiwst of 
Jaus. 

s. morning stir, whose distant my. Pittite 
tfu&iance. 

«. Thou Who art enthroned on high. J*mi«, 

f. Shepherd of those sunlit mountains. The Good 
Sttep&erd. 

All these hymns "were contributed to the S. S. Union 
Smgi nf GlaOncs$, 1S71, mid from thence have passed 
into other collections. 

s. Say not, wounded berot Jjaee of Jesus. 

From his work, The fteauty of the Great King, 1871, 
into the £a;. //jpmnnS, 1B70, 

Whilst Iheso hymns do not tftko a high 
rank as poetry, tliey aro characterised by 
simplicity of expression, mid by devout and 
earnest, often tender, Christian feeling. Hal- 
fern d. July 3, 1887. [W. B. B.] 

Ball, Thomas Isaac, b. 1G Angost, 1838. 
On taking Holy Orders in 1865, he suc- 
cessively became Curate of St. Salvador's, 
Dundee Mission; Incumbent of St. Mary's, 
The Cove, by Aberdeen; Domestic Chaplain 
to the Earl of Kiunoull ; Cnrate ef All Saints, 
Brougliam Street, Edinburgh; Curate of St. 
Columba's, Edinburgh ; Priest of St. Michael's 
Chapel, Edinburgh ; and Examining Chaplain 
to the Bishop of Argyll and the Ides. Mr. Ball 
is the author of The Orthodoz Doctrine of the 
Church, of England, 1877, and of numerous 
tracts; and the compiler of The English Ca- 
tholic's Vade-mecum, 1868. In 1863 he con- 
tributed various in. from the Latin to the 
Appendix to the H. Noted, for use in St. Al- 
lan's, Holborn, London, of which ho was co- 
editor with the Rev. H, A. Walker. He was 
also the solo editor oF the Supp. thereto, 1882. 
These trs. nio annotated under their respec- 
tive original first lines. 

Ball, WiUiam, a member or the Society 
of Friends, some time resident at Glen Roth- 
Bay, Rydal, Westmoreland, author of (lyjfttgae 
Sacrae,or Psalms, Hymns, and Spiritual Songs, 
Lond., 1825. (2) The Transcript and Other 
Poems,- (3) Hymns, orLijries, 1804; (4) Verses 
composed siivx 1870, &C, 1875; and other 
works. From the above the following hymns 
have come inlo C. U. : — 

1. Prsist to J«ra» ! PraisetoGod. Praiie. This 
is given in the Bymnary, 1SV1, as "Praise to Jesus, 
Ijord and God," and in the American Syt. avd Songs 
of Praite. N. T.. iM*. as^-"JfaUrfi(jD*! Praise to 
God." Orlg. text In Lyra, Brit., 1SBJ, p. MS. 

t. Then ii a pun and tranquil wan. ]jope. 
From Nttgae Sacrae, 1.825, into tanl Selborne's Jik. of 
Praiie, 1BS2$ the Lyra Brit n IbST, p. 618; and the 
Westminster Abbey H. Bk., less, Ac. 

Ballou, Hosea, a celebrated leader of the 
sect of Umveraslists, was b. nt Richmond, 
New Hampshire, April 30, 1771. He was 
entirely self-educated, and began to preach 



BANCROFT, J. H. 



109 



when about 21. In 1807 he settled at Ports- 
mouth, New Hampshire, passing to Salem, 
Mass., in 1815, and to Boston in 1817. Hed. in 
1852, To the Universalis* Hymns composed 
by deferent Authors, pub. in 1808, be con- 
tributed 199 hymns. A few of these nre Btill 
used by the TJnWersnlists, but one only, and 
that probably his best, has passed beyond 
their ranks. It is ; — 

When God descends with men to dwell. The 
Second Adcent. Ballou also edited with Turner 
a second collection in 1821, and a third in his 
own name, 1837. [See Arnrfoaa Hymnody, 6 VI. j 

[F. M. B.] 

BampSeld, George Frederick Lewis, 
ha., wis b. at St. John's Wood in 1827, nnd 
was a posthumous child of Robert Wcsteote 
Bompfield, surgeon, in CoventGarden, London. 
In 1845 he entered Trinity College, Oxford, 
whence ho migrated to Lincoln College as a 
fcholnr,and graduated in Arts in 1849. After 
being curate successively of Bhoreham, and of 
St. Thomas's, Oxford, he was received into the 
Boman Catholic Church by the Rev. F. W. 
Faber, went through a noviciate of 18 months 
at the Oratory, was mdnincd priest in 1857 by 
Cardinal Wiscmnn in his private chapel, after 
which lie visited Home, and, returning to 
England, officiated as priest at Stratford and 
Waltham Cross, and took part in various 
missions. In 1868 the chief work of his life 
began. This waa the opening of schools for 
children of the middle classes. He was 
assisted by priests and others who lived in 
community, under the title of " Institute of St. 
Andrew." Ten years later it was confirmed 
by authority. His hymn to « The Five 
Wounds " was contributed to Mr. Orby Ship- 
ley's Annus Sanctus, 1884. It begins *'Yo 
priestly hands, which on the cruel cross." 

[J. C. E.] 

Bancroft, Charitie Lees, nee Smith, 
dr. of the Rev. Sidney Smith, d.d,, Rector of 
Drumragh, County Tyrone, Ireland ; was b. nt 
Blooinfleld, Merrion, m the county of Dublin, 
June 21, 1841 ; and married, in 18lJ9,to Arthur 
E. Bancroft. Her hymns have appeared in 
periodicals, Lyra Brit, Bishop RyWs Spiritual 
Songs, and other collections, and also as leal- 
lets. The following have come into C. U. : — 

1, for the [a] robot [role] of whiteness. Hea- 
ven desired. This favourite children's hymn was 
1st pub. as a leaflet in 1860. In 1867 it was 
included in Lyra Brit, and thence has passed 
into several coliections in G. Britain and America. 

9, Tbe King of glory atandeth. Christ the 3a- 
vio<ir. Contributed in 1 st. of 8 1. to the Lyra 
Brit, 1867, and entitled "Mighty to save." In 
the Hi/s, # Songs of Praise, H. Y., 1874, No. 1 19S, 
it begins with st, iii., " He comes in bloodstained 
garments." 

3. Before t3io thnmo of God above. The Advo- 
cate. Dated 1883, and given in Spui'geon's O. 0, 
II. Bk., 1866, Laudes Domini, N. Y., 1884. 

In 1887 Mrs. Bancroft's hymns were col- 
lected and pub. as Within the Veil, byC.L.8. 

Bancroft, James Henry, b. at Boston, 
1819, graduated at Amherst College, 1839, 
and Andover, 1312. Hi-health prevented his 



110 



BANNERMAN, D. D. 



ordination as a Congregational minister. Ho 
d. in Boston, Ang. 25, 1844. His hymn — 

Broths*, though fc»m yonder sky rSui-iof], 
was written in 1842, for the funeral of Dudley 
Leavitt, a classmate at Andover, who died there 
suddenly Jan., 7, 1842. It was given in The 
Psalmist : a Net» Colt, of Hys. for the Use of 
Baptist Churches, Boston, 1843, No. 1093, and 
has won considerable acceptance in America, but 
ii unknown in England, [F. Iff. B.] 

Bannerman, David Douglas, m.a,, 
oldest s. of the late Eev. Professor James 
Banncrman, D.D,, of the New College, Edin- 
burgh, was b. at Ormiston, Haddingtonshire, 
January 29, 1842. After studying at the 
University of Edinburgh, where he graduated 
m.a. in 1861, he became, in 1869, collegiate 
minister of the Free Church, Dalkeith, and 
in 1879 minister of 8t Leonard's Free Church, 
Perlh. He contributed to the Free Church 
H. Bk. of 1882 a tr, of Je ta sabte, men certain 
Redemptew (q. Y.). [J. M,] 

Baptized into the name. Tkoma* 
Davit. [Holy Baptism.'] From bis Hymns, 
Old and New, &<•., 1864, No. 414, in 2 st. of 8 
1, into the Church & S. H. Bk., 1868, No. 
825, unaltered. It was originally written for 
Adult Baptism, but is also appropriate for 
Confirmation. It is given nlsoin tho Ameri- 
can BaplH. [*IVrae3£t.,Phila.,1871,Ne,744. 

Baptist Hymnody, American. [Ann- 

liiu Hymnedy, § IV.] 

Baptist Hymnody, English. In this 
article it is proposed to give a brief account 
of the practices of the Baptists in England 
in regard to psalmody during the last 250 
years, a list of their principal hymn-writers, 
end a notice of the hymn-books chiefly used 
amongst them at the present time. 

Fur the better understanding of some 
statements which will follow, it should be 
noted that, from the first quarter of the 17th 
century up to the present, Baptists in this 
country have liecn divided into two main 
sections, Le. General and Particular Baptists, 
the former favouring the Arminian view of 
the Christian Atonement and human free- 
agency, or General Bedemptian; the latter 
Inclining more to the doctrines usually asso- 
ciated with the name of Calvin, or Particular 
Redemption. This distinction is now fast 
disappearing. Both sections are represented 
in "The Baptist Union," und tho names 
General and Particular ore falling into disuse. 
Nevertheless, the historical traditions of the 
two are different, and their principal institu- 
tions and societies continue distinct. 
I. Tlie Seventeenth Century. 

(1) Throughout the 17th century the 
General Baptists, with hut few exceptions, 
disapproved of psalmody in an ordinary mixed 
congregation. This was owing partly to their 
wish to avoid anything which seimed toignore 
the difference between tho "Church and 
the "World," and portly to their dread of 
formalism. In the year 1678 the devout and 
learned Thomas Granlham, a man of immense 
influence among the General Baptists of that 
time, pub. his ChrisHanismus Primttivus, 
wherein, speaking of the duty of Tbanks- 



BAPTIST HYMNODY 

giving, lie sets forth a number of reasons 
against "musical singing with a multitude of 
voices in rhyme and metre." He urges that 
Psalms and Hymns are to be sung by such 
only as God has fitted thereto hy the help of 
His Spirit ; that by congregational singing 
instruction is prevented, for " when ell speak, 
none can hear"; that singing other men's 
words "opens a gap for forms of prayer"; that 
"once permit the singing by art pleasant 
tunes, and you will bring music and tven 
instruments bock again into public worship, 
and then, farewell to all solemnity." Eleven 
years later, in the General Baptist Assembly of 
1689, the question of "promiscuous singing" 
was considered, when the persons holdiug the 
affirmative were desired to show "what 
Psalms they made use of for the matter, 'and 
what rules they did settle upon for tho 
manner." Thereupon was produced, not the 
version of Bternhold and Hopkins, but "a 
book of metres composed by one Mr. Barton, 
and the rules for singing these Psnlms secun- 
dum orient, viz., as tlie musicians do sing 
according to their gamut, sol, fa, la, wy, ray, 
ice; all which appeared to strangely foreign 
to the evangelical worship that it wai not 
conceived anywise safe for the churches to 
admit such carnal formalities." And this 
opinion was endorsed with tho general appro- 
bation of tlie Assembly. 

(2) In the Calvinistic, or Pa> iik&lar Bap- 
tist, section of the denomination, congrega- 
tional singing seems to have bjen regarded 
with more favour. In the records of tho 
Broadmoad Church, in Bristol, references to 
this part of worship are frequent. Thus, in 
tlie year 1671, it was a complaint made 
against them by "old Mr. Wright that hod 
been Sheriff," that he could hear them sing 
Psalms from their meeting-place at his house 
in Hallier's Lane, There was a second Bap- 
tist community in Bristol, known as "Mr. 
Gilford's people," who, though willing to sing 
Psnlms with others besides the church, 
scrupled to " sing in metre," and pleaded for 
permission to keep their hats on during this 
part of the service, or to " go forth." John 
Bunyan, who belonged to this section of the 
Bapliets, not only in Ms famous Allegory 
frequently represents his pilgrims as singing, 
but also in his Solomon's Temple Spiritualised 
(A.D. 1688) speaks of this part of worship as 
belonging by God's appointment to tho 
Churen of tho new covenant. But it is moin- 
bers of the church only — " Sion's sons " — that 
are to sing. He says : — 

" To slug to God Is the highest worahtp we are 
capable of performing in bceven; and It ia much if 
(tinner on earth, without grace, should be capable of 

rirformlng It according to His institution acceptably, 
pray Gw that it be done by ell those that no?adaye 
get into churches with spirit and with understanding." 

Only a few months after Bunyan wrote 
these words a violent controversy broke out 
among the Particular Baptists of London 
concerning the lawfulness of congregational 
singing. In the year 1680 Hercules Collins, 
pastor of the Baptist Church in Wapping, 
in his Orthodox Catechism, had broached the 
assertion that singing was a public duty. 
Benjamin Keach, pastor of HorsleyDown [see 



BAPTIST HYMNODY 

Early Engliib Hynraody, § XII. 1], in. hia Tropes <S 
Figure* (1682) and hia Treatise on Baptism 
(1089), bad followed in the same strain. Bat 
in 1690 one Isaac Marlow, an influential lay 
member of the church in Mite End Green, in 
a Discourse concerning Singing, entered the 
lists on the other side. Kench replied in his 
Breach Repaired, and presently others joined 
in the fray. As stated (1. a), the General 
Assembly of Particular Baptists intervened iu 
the interests of peace, and a truce followed; 
but the practice of congregational singing 
more and more prevailed. 

Theso Baptists of the 17th century sang 
the Psalms in their ordinary worship. At 
length, however, the custom was introduced 
(by Keach, in 1673), in supposed imitation of 
tho example of Christ and His Apostles, of 
singing a hymn at the close of the Lord's 
Supper. Ne.it, hymns were sung on Thanks- 
giving Days, at Baptisms, and on other 
special occasions. These appear to have been 
composed either by the minister himself or 
some gifted friend. Thns,in connection with the 
controversy above named, it is stated that on 
one occasion, at Mr. Keoch's place, when a 
brother minister was officiating, " a hymn was 
riven up to him which he read and sang, and 
the people with him." For use at these times 
were prepared both the earlier hymns of 
Benj. Keach, and the Sacramental Hymns 
of Joseph Stennett, the elder. Joseph Boyse, 
a Presbyterian minister in Dublin, who 
appears to have been a Baptist in principle, 

Sub. eighteen Sacramental Hymn*, to which 
e appended a hymn on Baptism, and another 
on the ministry (Dublin, and again Lond., 
1633). 

[Tor farther details see Ivimey's Bitters of (*< 
English Baptittt, vol. i. ; Bytpatkt in Baptist History, 
by J. jMikewi 6<udby : and an article in the Brittit, 
Quarterly Xcvictv, vol. hcxE., on H Early tfoncoDfonnlfli 
Psalmody," by J. Speocer Cnrwen J 

U. The Eighteenth Century. 
(1) During the first half of the 18th cen- 
tnry the General Baptists far the most part 
retained their prejudices against congrega- 
tional singing. Thus, in 1733, a case was 
presented from Northamptonshire to the 
General Assembly of General Baptists com* 
plaining that some churches in that district 
hod " fallen into the way of singing the 
Psalms of David, or other men's composures, 
with tunable notes, and a mixed multitude." 
It is, however, an indication of a change of 
reeling, that this Assembly, unlike the one in 
1689, whilst admitting the fact of the innova- 
tion, decided to leavo the matter an open 
question. About tho middle, of the century, 
partly ns a result of the great Methodist move- 
ment, many new congregations of General 
Baptists sprang up in the midland counties 
and the West Biding of Yorkshire, and these 
all, like their Methodist neighbours, believed 
in Christian Song. In the year 1770, the 
New Connexion of General Baptists was 
formed, and soon afterwards a Coiltetion of 
Hymns was prepared for their use. In 1785 
Bnmuel Deacon (q.v.), of Barton, near Msirket 
Boswarth, in Leicestershire, pub. a volume of 
original hymns known as Barton Hymn*. 
These hymns arehomely in style, but fullof gos* 



BAPTIST HYMNODY 



111 



pel fervour. Tliey had for a time considerable 
local popularity and reached a second edition 
iu 1797. In 1791 the General Baptist Associa- 
tion sanctioned the preparation of a new Col~ 
lection of Hymns, the former being very im- 
perfect and nearly out of print Accordingly 
in 1793 appeared a Selection edited by John 
Deacon, of Leicester, and another entitled 
Hymns and Spiritual Songs selected from va- 
rious authors, the latter vol. being known by 
thenameofDaflTaylor'sifynuu. Nevertheless, 
in some of the older General Baptist churches 
the prejudice against congregational singing 
still survived, and, in 1785-7, a rather warm 
controversy was waged between Gilbert Boyce, 
a much-respected Lincolnshire minister, who 
in two pamphlets condemned the practice, and 
Dan Taylor, then of London, who defended it, 
A gentleman now living (1886) tells how he 
has heard from his mother of the eongless wor- 
ship of the General Baptists, at Morcott, in 
Rutland, and of the gladness expressed when, 
one day, through the influence of the younger 
part of the congregation, the old custom was 
broken through, and a hymn heartily sung. 
By the close of the 18th century, however, 
singing, as a part of public -worship, had become 
universal among the General Baptists. 

(2) Returning to the Particular Baptist sec- 
tion of the denomination, and going back to 
the beginning of the century, we recall the 
name of Joseph Stennett, the elder. He 
may be regarded ee the connecting link iu 
Baptist fljffliHo^t/between the 17th and 18th 
centuries. His Hymns for the Lord's Supper 
belong to the former period (1697), those on 
Believers' Baptism to the Utter (1712). He 
deservedly holds a front place among Baptist 
hymn-wnters, not only as being among the 
first in order of time, bnt also from the ster- 
ling quality of some of his compositions. One 
of these, " Another six days' work is done," is 
a favourite Sunday-morning hymn in many 
Nonconformist congregations to this day. 
After his death, in 1713, it was long before a 
worthy successor appeared. Indeed, until 
nearly the middle of the century, the only 
Baptist hymn-writer of whom we know any- 
thing is Auue Dutton (1734), wife of the 
Baptist minister at Great Gransdcn, Hun- 
tingdonshire. J, A. Jones, who, in 1883, re- 
published her hymus, styles her " the justly 
celebrated." Mrs. Dutton'* compositions, 
however, are now (except by antiquaries) 
wholly forgotten. In 1717 appeared Divine 
Songs, Hymns, and other Poems, by Daniel 
Turner, M.A., of Abingdon; and in 1750, 
Evangelical Hymns and Songs, by Benjamin 
Wallui, pastor of Maze Pond. The hymns of 
neither of these writers possess any great 
merit, though of the two those of Turner nave 
the more melody and true "poetie fire." To 
their names must be added that of John 
Needham, author of the well-known har- 
vest hymn, "To praise the ever-bounteous 
Lord." His Hymns Devotional * Moral were 
printed at Bristol in 176%. Here, too, may 
be mentioned Edmund Jones, pastor at Exeter, 
who died in 176S, at a comparatively early 
age, the author of a hymn very popular for 
many years, " Come, humble sinner, in whose 
breast." But by far the most gifted Baptist 



112 



BAPTIST HYMNOD* 



hymn-wrtter of this period was Anne Steele, 
the accomplished daughter of the Rev. ffm. 
Steele, Baptist minister, nt Broughton, in 
Hniapsbirc. Adopting the signature T. — in 
fnll Theodosia — she wrote a large number of 
hymns which were not only introduced into 
tile Bristol hymn-book of Ash ft Brans in 
1769, and Dr. Rippon's 8el. in 1787, but are 
in common use at the present time. We have 
indeed now entered upon the pnlmy days of 
Baptist Hymnody, the thirty years or bo 
which followed the first publication of Miss 
Steele's hymns. To this period belong Ben- 
jamin Beddome, a most prolific hyion-write* ; 
Dr. Samuel Stennctt (grandson of the 
Joseph Stennett already named), who contri- 
buted largely to Bippon's Sel.; Benjamin 
Francis, a native of Wales, but pastor for 
many yesM of a Baptist church in Glouces- 
tershire; Bobert Bobinson; and John Faw- 
celt, d.d., who (in 1772) on deciding to re- 
main with his attached people at Waansgate 
in Yorkshire, wrote, " Blest be the tie that 
binds," and in the course of the next few years 
composed several other hymns still in frequent 
use. Less known writers of this date are 
Wm, Tucker, of CharJ, n Baptist layman, who 
in 1772 began to publish iu the Qoipel Maga- 
zine hymns strongly Oalvinistio in sentiment: 
and James Newton, Classical Tutor to the 
Bristol Education Society, who about the same 
time wrote a few useful hymns, especially one 
for baptismal occasions. A much greater 
name is that of Dr. John Rylaud, of North- 
ampton, who at the age of 20, in 1773, wrote 
the first of a series of 100 hymns, most of 
which were composed to be sung in connexion 
with his sermons. John Adams, originally 
one of Ryland's members, about this time 
printed in the Qottpel Magazine a few hymns 
now almost forgotten. John Fellows, most of 
whose works date from Birmingham, pub. 
hymns in 1773 and 1776, the former collec- 
tion relating chiefly to the subject of Baptism. 
Richard Bumham, minister of Grafton Street 
Chapel, Soho, put forth in 1783 New Hymns 
on divers *iibjeet», a volume which passed 
through several editions. Samuel Medley, 
the popular and useful minister of Byrom 
Street, Liverpool, began in 1786 to print 
hymns on broadsides as they were composed, 
and afterwards pub. them in two small 
Volumes. In the following year 0787) John 
Dracup, of Steep Lane, w Yorkshire, pub. 
his Hymn* & Spiritual Songs, and, in 1789, 
Charles Cole, of Whitchurch, put forth bis 
Threefold Alphabet of New Hymns. In 1792 
Joseph Swam, a young minister whose short 
end bright career nt Walworth dosed in 
four years afterwards, printed a collection 
of original hymns, several of which hare a 
place in the principal Baptist hymn-books 
of the present day ; and Samuel Pearee, of 
Birmingham, whose ministerial course both 
in brevity and fair promise greatly resembled 
Swain's, wrote a few hymns wbich were pub- 
lished with his life by Andrew Fuller in 1800. 
These were introduced into the later editions 
of Kippon's Set The history of the century 
closes not unfitly with tlie name of Job Hup- 
ton, minister at Claxton, in Norfolk, author of 
a fine hymu beginning " Come ye saints and 



BAPTIST HYMNODY 

ratse an anthem," altered by_ Dr. J, Mason 
Ncale into a form more familiar to modern 
ears, "Come ye faithful, raise the anthem." 
In regard to the hymn-bookB used by thft 
Particular Baptist* during the 18th century, 
they were undoubtedly at first simply collec- 
tions for special occasions, such as those of 
Boyse, Joseph Stennett, and Wallin, and were 
used as supplementary to tlie Psalms in one 
or other of tbe metrical versions. But in 
1769 a volume was brought out popularly 
known as the Bristol Hymn Book, compiled 
by the Bev. John Ash, ll.d., of Persliore, 
and the Rev. Caleb Evans, D.D., of Bristol. 
This contained 412 hymns by various writers. 
An 8th ed. of this collection, valuable fur 
its preface and list of authors, was pub. 
by Isaac Jaines, at Bristol, 1801 ; and a 10th 
cd. with a small supplement, Norwich, 1827. 

In 1787 Dr. J. Bippon, of Carter Lane, and 
afterwards of New Park Street, London, pub. a 
Selection of Hymns from the beet authors, in- 
tended to be on Appendix to Dr. Watts'* Psalms 
& Hymns. It soonoecame the popular Baptist 
Hymn Book, was enlarged from time to time, and 
passed throughmore than 30 editions. It was 
intended, ns indicated in the title, to be sup- 
plementary to Dr. Watts's Psalms and Hymns. 
Therefore the only hymns contained in it 
from Watts are from hi* Lyrio Poems, Sermons, 
and MiseeUanie*. All editions contain the 
names of most of the authors. Prominent 
among these are those of Steele, Beddome, 
S Stennett, Doddridge, Fawcett, Needham, 
and D Turner. A few hymns nre taken from 
J. Stennett, B. Fntncis, J. Hyland, Gibbons, 
and others. The 10th ed„ 1800, and the 27th, 
1827, were enlan»ed. No further change 
was made by Dr. Rippon, but on the expira- 
tion of the copyright of the 1st ed. in 1814, 
rival editions appeared with additions and 
alterations. 

III. The Nineteenth Century. 

But few hymn-writers of eminence have 
appeared among the Baptists of either section 
during the present century ; though there aro 
many who have written one or two hymns of 
merit The first name that presents itself is 
that of John Burton, of Nottingham and Lei- 
cester, who wrote chiefly for Sunday Schools. 
Then comes the name of Mrs. Alice Flower- 
dew, a member of the old General Baptist 
Church in Worship St., London, and author 
of a well-known hymn on the seasons, pub. in 
1811. John Mann, a bookseller, and member 
of the G. B. Church in the Commercial Boad, 
London, in 1828 published a volume of Hymns 
and Poems. The Rev John Howard Hinton, 
m.a. — a minister of great influence in his 
day — composed a large number of hymns 
on the subjects of his sermons, and in 1833 
published a collection therefrom. The Bev. 
John Eustace Giles, formerly of Leeds, wrote 
several missionary hymns, and in 1330 one 
of great excellence on the subject of Baptism. 
Mrs. Saffery, wife of a Baptist minister at 
Salisbury, wrote many hymns tor special 
occasions, and in 1834 published a volume 
of Poems on Sacred Subjects. The Rev. 
James Harrington Evans, h.a., of John Street 
Chapel, Gray's Inn Lane, in 1818 prepared 



BAPTIST HYMNODY 

a selection of ITS hymns for use iu bis 
own place of worship and introduced < herein 
a few of his own composition. This collection 
readied the 5th ed. in 1838 with 451 hymns. 
The Hon. and Rev. Baptist W. Noel, m,a., 
about t l.o some time pub. a selection of hymns 
which passed through several editions. Of 
these a few were originals. About tlio year 
1831 Dr. Amos Sutton, a distinguished Gene- 
ra^ Baptist missionary, ou the occasion of a 
visit to England, composed a. hymn which has 
over since boon Tory popular at "Farewell 
Services," "Hail, sweetest, dearest tie that 
binds." Miss Leslie, of Calcutta, tlio accom- 
plished daughter of another Indian missionary, 
is tho author of a volume of poems and of the 
beautiful hymn, " They are gathering home- 
ward from every land." Edward Mote, a 
Baptist layman of the strongly Oalvinistic 
sehool, published,inl836, " Hynintof Praue." 
David Denhom, in 1837, published a Selec- 
tion, inoludiug many of his own compositions. 
Later hymn-writers include the Revs. Cor- 
nelias Elven, Charles Hodden Spurgeon, F. 
W. Goadby, no.,, Thomas Goadby, b^., 
Edward Hall Jackson, Dawson Burns, ».»., 
W. P. Bolfern, T, Vincent Tymms, J. T. Wig- 
ner, Walter J. Mathams, Charles Clark, J. M. 
Wigner, W, H. Parker, B. Provis, and others. 

It remains to mention the principal hymn- 
books in use in Baptist congregations from 
a.d. 1800 to tho present time. Many have 
been prepared for the service of particular 
congregations. These, as being of tittle more 
than local and temporary interest, we pass over, 
confining ourselves to hymn-books which have 
been adopted by a largo number of churches. 

(1) Toward the end of the last century 
(1793) John Deacon pub. n hymn-book for the 
use of General Baptist Churches, of which a 
2nd ed., with a large Appendix, tho whole 
including 716 hymns, was pub. in 1804. At 
that date it is said to have been " pTetiy 
generally in use in General Baptist Connec- 
tjona" Inl83OihUbook,havingbeenreviB0d 

by a committee appointed by the Annual Asso- 
ciation, was formally adopted as the General 
Baptist Hymn-book. In 1851, another book 
was substituted, entitled "The New Hymn 
Booh." Tho compilers wore two brothers, the 
Bovs. J, B. Pike and J. Carey Pike. It, also, 
before formitl adoption, was revised by a com- 
mittee. In course of time an Appendix was 
prepared containing about 80 modern hymns. 
But in 1877 it was deemed expedient by the 
Association that another book should be com- 
piled to includo a large number of the best 
hymns of the present day. This book was 
pub. in 1879, under the title of the "Baptist 
Hymnal." The Rev. W, R. Stevenson, m.a., 
of Nottingham, was editor, nine other General 
Baptist ministers co-operating. It contains 
920 hymns, The word General was omitted 
from the title, partly from the fact stated at 
the commencement of this article, that the 
two sections of tho Denomination ore now 
almost identical in Christian doctrine and 
practice, and partly from the expectation, 
which has in fact been realised, that a certain 
number of congregations in what has been 
known as tho Particular Baptist section would 
adopt the new Hymnal. In 1 880, by direction 
of the General Baptist Association, the Sehool 



BABBAULD, A. L. 



113 



Hymnal, containing 343 hymns for the youn", 
wus prepared for the use of Sunday Schools 
and Families by the Bev. W. R. Stevenson, 
assisted by a committee. 

(2) We have seen that at the close of the 
18th century the hymn-books chiefly in use 
among tho Particular Baptists wore the Col- 
lections of Dr. Rippon and of Drs. Ash and 
Evans. In 1828 a book was prepared by 
Mr. John Haddon, sen., and revised by 
Doctors Murcb, Price and Steane, with other 
ministers, to which was given the name of 
The New Selection. This was revised and 
enlarged in 1838 and again in 1871 by tits 
addition of a Supplement, called Praite 
Waiteth, and in both forms it has bad a con- 
siderable circulation. Originally prepared by 
Mr. John Haddon, jun., the collection entitled 
Psalms and Hymnt, which has been exten- 
sively used by important churches for 26 years 
past, was flrct pub. in 1858. Tho principal 
compilers wore Drs, S. G. Green and N. Hay- 
croft and the Revs. W. F. Burchell and J. T. 
Wigner. It contained, until 1880, just 1000 
hymns ; but in that year a Supplement was 
added, under the editorship of the Rev. J. T. 
Wigner, containing 271 additional hymns, 
chiefly modern. In 1882 a companion book 
was put forth under the same editorship, en- 
titled JWffM and Hymns for the Young, in- 
tended chiefly fur use in Sunday Schools. In 
186G, the Rev. C. H. Spurgeon published a 
collection of hymns prepa red under his di rectiou 
and entitled Our Own Hymn Boole. It con- 
tains 1129 psalms arid hymns, and is used not 
only at the Metropolitan Tabernacle, but also 
in many other congregations presided over by 
ministers who were once students under Mr. 
Spurgeon. 

Three other collections of hymns, used ex- 
clusively by the more highly Oalvinistic of 
the Particular Baptist churches, arc : (1) Mr. 
Win. Gadsby's iSel. of Hjftnns, pub. in 1814. A 
new ed. with a Supplement appeared in 1838. 
Successive alterations and additions have 
been made from time to time (most of J. 
Hart's hymns having been incorporated), 
until it now contains 1130 hymns. (2) The 
Selection, 1837, of David Denham, formerly of 
Unicom Yard Chapel, Toolcy Street, London, 
containing nearly 1200 hymns, and said to be 
used by upwards of 100 churches in Great 
Britain. (3) The Selection of John Stevens, 
formerly of Meard's Court Chnpcl, London 
Enlarged and rearranged by J. 8. Anderson, 
of New Cross Road, S.E, it now contains 
870 hymns. [W- R. S.] 

Baptist Hymnody, Scottish. [Soot- 
HOt, § Tl. 5.] 
Baptist Hymnody, Welsh. [Welsh 

Hjnuwdy, § IV.] 

Barbauld, Annali&etitia, ne^e Aikin, 

daughter of the Rev. John Aikin, d.d., a 
dissenting minister, was b. at Kibworth-HaT- 
court, Leicestershire, Juno 20, 1743. In 1753 
Dr. Aikin became classical tutor at a dissent- 
ing academy at Warrington. During her 
residence there she contributed five hymns to 
Dr. W. Enfield's Hymn* for Public Worship, 
&c,, Warrington, 1772. In tlio following year 
these were included in her Poems, Lond., J. 
Johnson, 1773. In May, 1774, Miss Aikin 



114 



BABCLAY, JOHN 



was married to the Rev. Rochemont B&rbauld, 
a descendant of a Fieneh Protestant family, 
and a dissenting minister. For Home years 
Mr. Barbauld conduoted, in addition to hi! 
pastoral work, a boarding school at Palgrave, 
Suffolk. From this he letirediu 1785. In 1786 
he undertook the charge of a smidl congrega- 
tion at Hampstead, and from thence he passed 
to tlie dissenting chapel (formerly Dr. Price's) 
at Newtngton Green, in 1803. He d. Nov. 
11, 1808. Mis. Barbauld continued to reside 
in the neighbourhood until her death, March 
0, 1825. In the latter part of the same year 
her niece pub. The Works of Anna Laetitia 
Barbauld, teith Memoir, by Lucy AiMn^ 2 
vols., Lund., Longman, 1825. As a writer of 
hymns Mrs. Barbauld wns eminently tu?cess- 
ful. Their use, however, with the exception 
of five contriba(ed to Dr. W. Enfield's collec- 
tion, is almost exclusively confined to the 
Unitarian hymnals of Great Britain and 
America. Including these hymuals, the whole 
of her hymns are still in common nee. These 
hymns appeared thus : — 

i. /ii Dr. W. Enfield's Hymns, $-«., 1773. 

I. Again the Lord of lite and light. Sutter. 

a. Awake* my soul, lift up thine eyes. On\flict. 

3. Behold, where breathing lave divine. Christian 
Charity. 

i. Jebovab reigns, let every nation bear. God't Do- 
minion. A part or this was given in Collyer's Set., 
ISI&Ho. 686, as:— 

5. litis earthly slobe, the creators of » day. 

ft. Praise to God, Immortal praise. Earnest. 

)i. Poems, 1773 (Preface dated Dec. 1, 1772). 

The whole of the above, and aim :— 

T. God of my life and author of my days. To Qo& the 
Father. 'J'fals Is an "Address to the Deity," in 80 L 
It Is given in Marttneau's CoUs., ISM and IMS. From 
It the following centos were given In Collyer's Set., 
1S12:— 

B. God, our kind Master, merciful as just. 

t. If frJe&dlesa In the vale of tears I stray. 
Hi. Poems revised 1792. 

15. Coroe, said [soys] Jesus' sacred voice. Invitation. 

II. How blest the sacred tie that hinds. Christian 
fellowship. 

12, Lo where a crowd of pilgrims toil. Pilgrimage 
of Life. From this is talten;— 

13. Our country is IuunsnueTa ground [land]. 

iv. IiQisvre Hour Improved (rronbridge), 1809. 
34. Sweet is the scene wlieu virtue dies. Death. 
v. Supplement to the Unitarian Coll. of Kippis, 
Sees, and others, 1S07. 
is. When as retains the solemn day. Sunday, 

16. Sleep, eleep to day, tormenting cares, Sunday. 

17. How may earth and heaven unite. Worship. 

vl. Worts, with Memoir, 1825. 
la vol. i. most of tbe above arc reprinted, and the 
fallowing are added :— 

18. Joy to the followers of the Lord. Joy. (c 1820.) 
IB. Pure spirit, O where art thou now. Bereavement. 

This Is dated 1S0S. 

20. Salt of the earth, ye virtuous few. Salt qf the 
JSarth. 

21. When life as opening buds Is sweet. Death. This 
Is dated " November, 1814." 

The more important of those hymns are 
annotated in this Dictionary under their first 
lines. Mrs. Bnrbauld's Hymns in Prose for 
Children, oiijrinnlly [)ub. in 1781, were long 

Iopnlur and have been translated into French, 
talian, Spanish, and oilier languages, [J. J.] 

Barclay, John. [Scottish Hymniidy, § viu. 
10.] 

Baring-Gould, Sabine, m.a., eldest 
*. nf Mr. Edward Baring-Gould, of Lew 
Tiouchiird, Devon, b, at Exeter, Jan. 28, 
1831, and educated at Clare College, Cam- 



BARNABY, SIB NATHANIEI 

bridge, B.A. 1857, M.A. 1860. Taking Holy 
Orders in 1864, 1 c held the curacy of Hor- 
hnry, nosr Waki-field, until 1867, when be 
was preferred to the incumbency of Dalton, 
Yorks. In 1871 he became rector of East 
Mersea, Essex, and in 1881 rector of Lew 
Trenchard, Devon. His works are numerous, 
the most important of which are, .litres of the 
Saints, 15 vols., 1872-77; Carious Myths of 
the Mittdle Ages, 2 series, 1806-08 ; The Origin 
and Development if Religious Belief, 2 vols., 
1869-1870; and various volumes of sermons. 
His hymns, original and translated, appeared 
in the Church Times ; H. A. * M., 1868 and 
1875 : The PenpU't Hymnal, 1867, and other 
collections, the most popular being "Onward, 
Christian soldiers," "Daily, daily sing the 
praises," the f r. " Through the night of doubt 
and sorrow," and the exquisite Easter hymn, 
"On the Heaurrection Morning." His latest 
effort in hymuology is the publication of 
original Cliurch Songs, 1884, of which two 
series hiive been already issued. In the Sa- 
crialy for Nov. 1871, he ako contributed nine 
carols to an article on " The Noels and Carols of 
French Flanders." These have heen partially 
transferred to Chopei'a and Staniforth's Carol 
Books, and also to hie Church Songs. [J, J,] 

Barlow, Joel, b. at Beading, Connecti- 
cut, 1755, graduated at Yale 1778, andd. near 
Cracow, Poland, 1812. He was well known 
as an author and politician dining and afier 
the American Revolution. His publications 
include Hasty Pudding; Columbia, &c. In 
1785, at the request of the (Congregational) 
(general Association of Connecticut, he cor- 
rected and enlarged Dr. Wattsfs Psalms, sup. 
plyinjj those omiited by Watts, and adapting 
the wnole to American thought and circum- 
stances. This work, pub. in 1786, went 
through various editions, and, although offi- 
cially superseded by Dwight in 1800, it con- 
tinued to be issued for many years after. Its 
title is somewhat curious as setting forth its 
design. It reads : — Psalms carefully suited to 
the Christian Worshipin the United States of 
America, being Dr. Watts's Imitation of the 
Psalms of David, as improved by Mr. Barlow. 
Of his renderings of the Fsauus, there are 
still in C. U. :— 

1. Awake, my aoul, to souiut His praise, Ps.cviii, 
This is No. 233 ia Hatfield's Ch. H. Bk., 1872, 
and other collections. 

t. Lord, Then haat ■oourged our guilty land, 
P$. lx. Altered from Watts. Also in Hatfield's 
C*.J/.i».,No.l313. 

1. Our lsni, Lord, with songs of praiie, 
Ps. xxxi. In the Pbila. Prcsb. Hymnal, 1874. 

4. In The*, treat Go*, with song* of praiie. 
Rationd Hymn. This is So. 3 in a slightly 
different form. It is No. 962 hi N, Atlum* a 
Chvrch Pastorals, Boston, 1804. fE. M. B.] 

Barnaby, Sir Nathaniel, c.u., Director 
of Navul Construction in Her Majesty's Service, 
b. at Chatham in 1829, has been for many 
years interested in Christian education, and 
is Superintendent of the Bap. S. School 
at I.eo, in Kent. He is the author of several 
hymns composed fer use in the school at Lee. 
Of these, one beginning " To Jesus, our 
Captain, to Jesus, our Ifing," and another, 



BARNAED, E. W. 

" The soldier keeps his wakeful Watch," com- 
posed to the German tune, "The Riiine- 
Watch," aro in W. R Stevenson's Scliool 
Hymnal, Loud., 1881. Hisliymnsare spirited 
and popular. [W. K. S.] 

Barnard, Edward William, m.a„ of 
Trinity College, Cambridge, third a. of II, B. 
Barnard, of Cave Castle, Yorkshire, was b. 
MorcL IS, 1791, He wasTioar of South Cave, 
Yorkshire, from 1816 to his premature death 
in 1328. His pub. works are: — 

(1) Trifles, in imitation of the cfuutar style of Me- 
leager, 1818$ (2) Tlic/Vojestanf JteadnttanjRlvlnglona, 
1322; (3) FIovmts, a series or sliort poems, original and 
translated. 1'rlvately printed at Martin's, 1-ond. ISiT; 
(4) F^fty Select t'oemt of Marc-Antonio Fla-oxiHio, 
Unitated. Cuealer, Fletcher, 18S9. This poetliunn™ vol. 
was pub. by his ffctuer-in-Iaw, Archdeacon Wranehatn. 
This vol. contains Hue few of Mr. Barnard's lyrical 
portly, but by far llw imgest port of these compositions 
remain In ws. Hiss Mltlbrd, In bcr work. Jfy library 
Zf/i, 1SB0, spenksof Mr. Barnurd as king eminent for 
scbotaishlp, and of hid poetry as "remarkable, not only 
for grace oitd beauty, but for a vigour of thought, a 
fulness, a body, very unusual In occasion*! verses. His 
Protestant Beadsman consists of a short account of each 
of the sain ts whom the Church of England commemorates 
in ber services during the course of the ecclesiastical 
year, with original hymns for each Festival. These 
byuins number 22 in nil, are marked with lunch sweet* 
nero and genuine devotional feeling, and art worthy cf 
attention, [D. S. W.] 

Barnard, John. [Scottish Hymnody, 

§ vm. 8.] 

Barnes, Barnaby, fourth s. of Dr. Barnes, 
Bishop of Durham, b. about 1569, in York- 
sliire. At the age of seventeen he entered 
Brasenose Coll., Oxford, but never obtained 
his degree. In 1591 he is said to have joined 
a military expedition to Normandy, in which 
country he remained until 1594. Ho wrote 
ADivine Gentwrieof Spiritual Sonnets, which 
was printed in 1595. He was buried in the 
church of St. Hory-le-Bow, Durham, in 
December, 1609. 

Re was the author of three plays, one pub. In KM, 
as The Devil's Charter, and two In us. not now to be 
tiaced, and of a volume of amatory poems, Parthenophil 
it Parthenoshe, 1ES3, which was privately reprinted 
from the only known copy, in 1875, together with all 
Barnes's other poems. It fs also Included In Mr. Arbor's 
recent English- Gamer. His prose work, Fovre Bootees 
of Offices RnaWivg Privet pertmt for tin specUUl 
servics of all good Princes A Policies, 1SDS, has not 
been reprinted. [W. T. B.j 

Barrows, Elijah Porter, b.t.d., b. 
at Mansfield, Connecticut, Jitn. 5, 1805, and 
graduated at Yale, 182& Ordained in 1832, 
he was Pastor of First Free Presbyterian 
Church, N. Y„ 1835-7; Professor of Sacred 
Literature iu Western Beserve College, 1837- 
52; of Hebrew Language and Literature at 
Andover, 1853-6G ; and of the same atOberlin, 
Ohio, 1872. His publications include Memoir 
of E. Judson, 1852 ; Companion to tile. Bible, 
1869; Sacred Geography and Antiquities, 1872, 
4c His hymn : — 

Hallelujah, Christ is miss [peace in OvritQ was 
written at Hudson, Ohio, in 1846, In « at. of 6 L It was 
talten by Mr. Trowbridge (a Missionary of the American 
Board) to Constantinople, and there ir. into two or three 
languages. Its first publication In English was in the 
Oberlln Manual iff Praise, 1880, No. 210. In this 
form, st. ill. and Iv. are omitted. Dr. Harrows has 
also written several other hymns and versions of realms ; 
but these have not come into C. U. 

Barry, Alfred, n.n., second a. of Sir C. 
Barry, b. Jan. 13, 182G, and educated at King's 
Coll., Loud., and Trinity College, Cambridge, 



BAltTH, C. G. 



115 



graduating' in classical and mathoinalic.il 
honours in 1848 and obtaining a Fcllowshi]) 
the snmo year. Taking Holy Orders in 1850, 
he has hold many important appointments, 
including the Sub-Wardenship of Trinity 
College, Glenalmond, and the Headmaster' 
ship of Lreds Or. Sen. Iu 18G2 he passed 
from Leeds lo Cheltenham as Principal of 
the College: thence in 1868 to King's Col- 
lege, Loudon, as Principal ; and in 1884 
to Australia as the Bishop of Sydney and 
Metropolitan of Austraiia. In addition to these 
appointments, Dr. Barry was Boyle Lecturer 
1875, Chaplain to the Bp. of Bath and Wells, 
and Chaplain in Ordinary to the Queen His 
pub. works include Introduction to the Old 
Testament; Notes on the Gospels; Nates an 
the Catechism; Life of Sir C. Barry; The 
Teacher's Prayer Book; and various volumes 
of Sermons. Also a contributor to Smith's 
Diet of the Bible. His hymns are few, and 
include that for Sunday, "AsTUou didst rest, 
O Father," piven in the Rugby School H. Bk., 
187C; and Taring's Coll., 18S2, &a [J. J.) 

Barth, Christian Gottlob, s. of C. F. 
Barth, house painter in Stuttgart, was b. at 
Stuttgart,July31,1799. He studied at Tubin- 
gen, where be was the principal founder of the 
Missionary Society, and was only restruiutd 
by his mother's entreaties from offering him- 
self as a missionary. He became, in 1821, 
assistant at Neckarweihingen and Doniham, 
and, in 1822, curate in charge of Effiiugen and 
Sohoubrunn, near Nftgold. In 1824 he was 
appointed pastor of Mottlingen, near Calw, 
but resigned his charge in 1838, and settled 
in Calw, receiving in the same year the de- 
gree of en. from tlieUnivcrsityof Grcifswald. 
He d. at Calw of apoplexy, Nor. 12, 1862. At 
Calw he devoted himself as a writer and 
preacher to children, as a preacher and writer 
in the cause of missions to the heathen and 
to the Jews, and as the founder and director 
of the Tract Society of Calw, One of his 
books, the Bible History, readied its 160th 
edition in 1872, and had then been translated 
into 24 European, 18 Asiatic, 7 African, and 8 
South Sea languages. He frequently at tended 
the meetings of the Religious Tract Society 
of London, and was a member of the Evan- 
gelical Alliance {Koch, vii. 199-210; AUg. 
Deutsche Biog., ii. 9-1-95). Of his hymns 
there have been tr, into English : — 

i. Atut atnem Berg atn Biumltm stand. [BoXy 
Scripture.') Included In his Lieder umf Oedichtefvr 
CsAsttnichaer, Calw. 1842, p. S3, to 4 st. Previously 
rfen" ~ " 



81a, ISIS (1SSS, p. 2*), and thence In P. Slew's Ocean. 
■ -- - ■ ,fj.s., I8«. (a) "A tree grows one. 



Calw. 1842, p. S3, to 4 St. 

iu J. Kobner*s Ckristl. BarfentSnc, Hamburg, 1940, p. 
IIS. The trs. are : — 

ft) "Upon a hill there stands s tree," by Dr. H. 
jfflli, 1S4S (U6S, ~ _ " '" .--..- 

jUeiwftei, Boston, 

mountain," by Mrs, Sevan, ISM, p. 138. (s) " A tree 
stood on a mountain," in Dr. H. W. Dulckea's GWdsn 
Harp, 18*1, p. 21. (4) "On a hul stands a bewtilul 
tree?' In W. B. Bntdtnuy's Fresh Laurels, X. Y, ISSf, 
p. IS, signed "L. W," (S) **Lo, on a mount a tree 
doth stand," by Mrs. H. B. Spaeth, as No. «D In th* 
Pennsylvania Lutheran Little Children's Bk,, Phila- 
delphia, 18SS. 

ii. Xrheba dioh, du Tolk des Him. [Jfinun*.] 
Writtcn^fbr the Basel Mission Festival, June 12, 1833, 
In his Chritltichc Ge&ichte, Stutt«art, 18W,p. *B.ln 8 st. 
Tr. as '■ Ye people of the Lord, arise ! " by Dr. S.MHU, 
me, n. 209. 

fii, HtitM, tat dl« KaeU vnaohwnndeii, rjKisbmtJ} 

Written for the 20th anniversary, June 2f, 183S, of the 
Basel Missionary Society , and 1st pub. In the Mission 



116 BARTHOLOMEW, WILLIAM 

Magasine for tbit year. In bis Chriittidie Ge&ickte, 
Stuttgart, 1836, p. 54, in 8 st. The trs, are :— 

O) • Ho ! watchman. Is the Might away," by ,Dr. P. 
IKoBw, 1860, p. 84. (2) " Watchman ! Hath the night 
departed," la L. Rehnress's Church at Sea, 1868, p. loT. 

[J. M.] 

Bartholomew, William, is favourably 
known through the English libretti or Men- 
delssohn's Elijah, Atham, Antigone, Lavda 
Sion, &c. ; and Costa's Eli, and Kaaman, 4c. 
Ho was b. in London, Sept 6, 1793, For ucme 
years he was engaged in writing English 
words foi foreign music In 1841 he attracted 
the attention of Mendelssohn, and from that 
day to Mendelssohn's death, in 1817, he was 
associated with him, adapting for him the 
words of the above-named oratorios. He sub- 
sequently assisted Bir M. Costa in like manner 
wilh Eli and Newman. He d. Aug. 18, 1S67. 
His hymns are generally taken from the above 
works, the finest nnd best known being " Praise 
Jehovah, bow before Him" (q.v.). 

Barton, Bernard, commonly known as 
the " Quaker Poet," was b. in London Jan. 31, 
1781, and educated at a Quaker school at 
Ipswich. In 1798 bo was apprenticed to 
Mr. S. Jesup, a shopkeeper at Haistead, Essex, 
with wliom he remained until 1806, when lie 
removed to Woodbridge, Suffolk, and entered 
into business with his brother, as n coal and 
corn merchant. On the den th of hi s w ife at the 
end of the first year of their married life, he 
proceeded to Liverpool, where he acted as a 
private tutor fiir a abort time. He returned 
to TrVoodbridge in 1810, where he secured an 
engagement in the local bank of the Messrs, 
Ataxandtr. This appointment he held for 
40yvars. He d. at Woodhridge, Feb. 19,1849. 
During the same year his daughter pub. his 
Poem* and Letters, with a Memoir. His 
poetical works were numerous, including : — 

(l) Metrical Effusions, isis ; (al Poems by an 
Amateur, 1818; (3) Poems, 1820 j (4) J&apoleon, and 
other Poems, 1822; (6) luetic Vigil*, 1824; (6) Devo- 
tional Vertts founded on. Select Texts of Scripture, 
Kit ; m A Widow's Tale, 1827 ; (8} yea Xear's Ere, 
IBM ; (fl) The Jfetiauary, 1S36 ; (10) Boutekold Vertet, 
I84S. A complete list of his works la rfven in Joseph 
Smith's Descriptive catalogue of friends' Books, Load., 
J. Smith, 1S67, vol. 1. pp. 1B6-2O0. 

From these works about 20 pieces have 
come into C. U. as hymns. These are found 
principally in the ScoltisU Evangelical Union 
Hymnal, on the one hnnd, and various Amer- 
ican Unitarian collections on the other. The 
best known are, '' Lamp of our feet, whereby 
we trace," and "Wnlk in the light, so shalt 
thou know.'' From his Devotional Vertes, &c, 
1826, the following have pasted into the 
Scottish Evang. Union Hymnal, 1878 : — 

1. Fear not, Zten's sons and daughter*. Gracious 
Promites. This la part of a poem on Isniah slilt. 1, 
" Fear not, Jacob, tabulated." 

8. Hath the invitation ended 1 Invitation. 

S. Bee we net beyond the portal 1 Pretext vision 
Imperfect, This Is pint of the poem on 1 Cor, xju, 12, 
" Dim and dark our present vision." 

4. Thoae who live in lore ahall knew, ptace. 

a. TCmld'rt thou share this henedistient Poorin 
&trit. 

In addition, there are slso in various col- 
lections : — 

8. Around Betheada'a healing wava, Consolation, 
This is on pp. 183-1BS, in his Aopoteon.atid other Poems, 
1621, In 10 st. of 6 L A cento therefrom is given In a 
few American bvmiula, including Mr, Beecber's Ply- 



BATEMAN, C. H. 

mouth Coll., No. 740, as, "The vaters of BethcsoVs 
pool," 

7, Then ii a life more deal, spiritual Life, From 
the i>ewtfonol Verm, ma, p. so, into Kennedy, 1863, 
No. 1177, with tbo omission of at. v. 

s. Bay not the law divine, Spiritual Law, Also 
from the Betetianal Verses, 1SSW, p. 34, intervillous 
American hymnals, generally Unitarian, as the Hymn 
and June Bk., Boston, 1868, Mo. 3+1, &c, -where, how- 
ever. It Is rewritten from an irregular metre to s.w. This 
had previously appeared in Iledpe and Huntington's .Hyi. 
for the Ch. of Cftriif, Boston, UiS., 18M. 

Other hymns, given in great pert in Ame- 
rican Unitarian collections, arc annotated 
under their respective first lines. [J. J.] 

Barton Gray. [Bus, <?, H.] 

Barton, William, b. cir. 1603, and for 
some time Minister of St, Martin's, Leicester, 
d. May 11, 1678. He was the author of one 
of the earliest collections of hymns, as dis- 
tinct from Versions of the Psalms, in the 
English language. He was a friend of 
Richard Baxter, and it was at Baiter's re- 
quest that he made four metrical renderings 
of the Te Deum (q. v.), His Hymns and Ver- 
sions of the Psalms wero numerous (see 
Early English Hymnedy, §§ V,, VI., and Plait™, 
English, § xl], and were pub, as follows : — 

f 1) The Hook if Psalmt in Metre, 1S44, 2nd ed. IMS, 
3rd ed. 1S4U, 4th ed. 1654. (2) Psalms £ JijmtM con- 
posed for the Public lhanksgiving, Oct. 'H, 1651. Thl» 
consists of versions of Pe. 48, 7«, M and 135. A copy of 
this is in the Dudleian. (3) A Century of Select Hymns, 
known as the Chapter Hymn), IBM, luo in* all. (j) Jfour 
Centuries of Select Hymns, an imperfect edition, pub- 
lished, be said, against his will. It contains the 16SJ 
Century, a new century of Chapter Hymns, and two 
Centuries of Psdtm Hymns, 16S8. (6) A new and re- 
vised ed. of the Chapter Hymns, 1ST0. (fi) A new and 
revised ed. of the Psalm Hymns, 1672, (7) Last revise 
oftbe.PialmirjnHn<, containing the TftiriJ Century, 1682, 
(8^Theforegoing€^ituriscollected,a Tnirtt Century of 
Chapter Hymns added tliereto, 20 Additional hymns, the 
Catechism. Book of Canticles, the Catalogue of Virtuous 
Women (all In metre), were pnb., with an XutrodncUon 
by his son, Edward Barton, "Minister of Welford, 
In Northamptonshire," in 1688. This is Barton's work 
which ia known as the Six Centuries of Select Syvmt 
and Spiritual Songs, collected out of the Bible, &c., 
Lond., 1888, Of these works Nos. 1, 2, and 4 differ wtdely 
in text from each other ; and together with the r* st are 
again altered in the final revision published after bis 
death, 1682, and several tfokes reprinted. The last cd. 
was jinb. by Kotiert Kobinson of Cambridge in ] IS8. 
These versions deserve more attention from compilers 
than they h&vebitherto received. It must he noted, how- 
ever, that the Book of Psalm; and the Psahn Hymns, 
are distinct works. (9) Barton also printed a 4to vol. 
in 1085, as, A view of Many Errors and tome gross 
Absurdities in the Old Translation of the ,P»a'»« in 
English Metre, as alto in some other Translations 
lately published. This work conrains specimens of his 
own translations and epigrams, airfcoirinMsndatory verttce 
try bis frlendB, [.T. J.] 

Bartrum, Joseph p, Of this American 
author nothing certain is known, save that he 
pub. ZTie Pealm* netcljf Paraphrased for the 
Service of the Sanctuary, at Boston, U.S.A., 
in 1833, and that he is supposed to have been 
an "Unitarian. From The Piatms, &c, the 
version of Ps. evi.: — "O from these visions, 
dark and drear," is given in several Unitarian 
collections in G. Britain and America. His 
version of Ps. lxxxvii., " Amid the heaven 
of heavens," is given in Holland's Faulmitts 
of Britain, 1843, vol, ii. p. 339, together with 
a critical note on his work. [P. M, B,] 

Bateman, Christian Henry, s, of John 
Bateman, was b. Aug. 9, 1813, at Wyke, near 
Hal ifax. After study ingin tl leMoraviau Church 
and exercising his ministry there for a tunc, 
he became, in 1813, minister of Richmond 



BATEMAN, HENBY 

Piaea Congregational Church, Edinburgh. 
After 1846 he was successively Congregational 
minister at Hopton, in Yorkshire, and Bead- 
ing, Id Berkshire. On taking Holy Orders 
in the ChurchofEnglnudhe became, 1869-71, 
curate of St Luke's, Jersey, and Chaplain 
to the Forces ; 1871-75, Vicar of All Saints, 
ChildshiU, Middlesex ; 1877-84, curate of St, 
John's, Penymynydd, Hawarden. His hymns 
appeared mainly in ; — 

(1) Me Sacred Song Book (Edln.. Qall & Inglis, eob- 
•equenUy pub. as Saertd Mtioditt for Ckfldrm ; and as 
200 Sacred Melodies for Sunday Schools and Familia, 
was ed. by himself, with the Bev. James Gall, and 
latterly with Mr. Robert Inglis, the publisher, let pub. 
1S43 an 25 i enlarged by a second part, 1840, to 60; 
revised and enlarged, 18S4, to SO; 180^ to 130 ; and 
18T2, to300t it reached a circulation of a million and a 
half before 1862, four millkins before 1872, arid above 
six millions before 1881, It was for many years the 
hymn-book for Sabbath School use in Scotland. (2) The 
children's Hymnal and Christian year (Land., J. 
Hodges, 18T2), including II original hymns, with other* 
from many sources, flls best known hymn Is : " Comp, 
children, join toeing" (q. v.). fj, M.l 

Bateman, Henry, a popular writer of 
hymns for children, was descended from the 
De Yoeui, a Huguenot family. Bom on March 
6, 1802, in Bunhill Bow, Finabury, he was 
educated for commercial pursuits, and fol- 
lowed the trade of a timber merchant He d. 
in 1872. Doling the greater port of his life 
he was addicted to the writing of poetry, but 
his hymns were mostly written between 1856 
and 1864. His pub, works are : — 

(1) Belgium and Cp and Down the Rhine, 1858 j (2) 
Sunday Sunshine: New Hymns and Poems for the 
ruing, issa ; (3) Some Musings ■■ Metrical Lay Sermon*. 
1&02; (4) Heart Melodies : Being 365 Ifeto Hymns and 
Ftatmt, J8DJ ; (6) Fret A'et, and Other Mit, including 
Hymns with music, 1S6B. 

From his Sunday Sunshine (Lond., Nisbet 
& Co., 1858) the following hymns have come 
into C, U. :— 

1. A holy and a nappy youth. Youthful Piety, 

2, A noble river, wide and deep. Finding of Motes. 
S. A sparrow with Its plain brown coaL Providence. 

4. A thought It but a little thing. Little Things. 

5. A tranquil heart and pleasant thought. Peace, 
t. A. pebble in tbe water. Little Things. 

7. Always by day, always hy nighL Omniscience. 

8. Atutislt truethat Jesnscamo? Good Shepherd. 
8. At Jordan John bantliing taught Whitsuntide. 

10. Cross purposes, bow sad they are. Duty. 

11. Daniel was right as right could be. Duty. 

12. From grassy nest on Buttering wing. Proeidence, 

13. God does not judge as we must do. Charity. 

14. God made tbe sea, the wide, deep sen. Providence. 
is. Good night, good night, the day It done. Evening, 
is. Great God, the world Is (toil #f Thee. Omni- 

presence. 

17* How Joyously amongst tbe flowers. Coin ifi Jl&fit. 

18. I always love those friends the best. Jesus the 
Truth. 

JO. If anyudng seems too bard to do. Perseverance. 

20. In Kden's garden, fair and bright. XoUness. 

31. In my soft bed when quite alone. Omniscience. 

S3. In tbe wild desert, far from borne. Providence. 

23. It it but llttte that I know. Faith. 

24, May I touch His garment's hem. Faith. 

2o. No tears la heaven I ah, then 1 know. Jfeaven. 

26. O lead me not, O lead me not. Ine lard's Prayer. 

2J, On the green grass five thousand men. Providence. 

28. Over the fields In hedgerows gteen. Duty. 

2*. Bonn-times I do not like to feel. Solitude. 

30. There is one thing quite sure to make. Good 



BATHUBST, W. H. 



117 



Temper. 
sflTh 



31. Thou Messed Jesus, pity me, Jesus the Guide. 
31 Through all the way, the little way. .Providence. 

33. 'Tie very wouderftal, I'm snre. Trust . 

34. Tramp, tramp upon their unknown way. The Bed 
Sea. 

35. When God baas Abraham eacrlAae. Resignation. 

36. Whun Jslrus'd daughter woe so 111. Povtr of 
Christ. 



31. When morning, fresh and bright and new. 
Morning. 

3S. TbegoodoMbooklwItfinlstorles. Holy Scriptures. 

3». Tear after year, with patient love. A Parent's 
Love. 

In addition to the foregoing the following 
from his Heart Melodies, Ac, (Lond., Snow, 
1862), are also in C. U-, and have attained to 
some popularity : — 

40. (tracloiu Saviour, gentle Shepherd rthus before 
Thee]. Evening. 

41. Letuenroy, the Lord Is willing. Prayer. 

42. Was It Tor me, dear Lord, for me 1 Good Friday. 

As will be gathered from the above list of 
hymns in C. U., the Sunday Sunshine has 
been the most succesufiil of Mr. Bateman's 
works. This success is due mainly to the fact 
that the hymns deal with subjects easily 
treated of in hymns for children. His hymns 
are hearty and natural in tone. Some of the 
best of those pub. in the Sunday Sunshine 
were given in the Booh of Praimfor Children, 
1875, edited by W. Gnrrelt Horder, and from 
thence have passed into many collections for 
'children. His best hymn is "Light of tho 
world I Whose kind and gentle care * (q. v.). 
It is a prayer of more than usual merit for 
Divine guidance. [W. Q. H.] 

Bathuret, William Hjley, ji.a., b. of 
the Bt. Hon. Charles Bragge (afterwards Bnth- 
nrst) some time m,p. for Bristol, b. at Cleve- 
dale, near Bristol, Aug. 28, 1700, and edu- 
cated at Winchester, and Christ Church, Ox- 
ford, graduating b.a. in 1615, From 1820 to 
1S52 he held the Rectory of Barwick-in- 
Elniet, near Leeds, Resigning the Rectory 
in the latter year, through his inability to re- 
concile his doctrinal views with the Book of 
"Common Prayer, he retired into private life, 
and d. at Lydney Park, Gloucestershire, Nov. 
25, 1677. His works include, The Georgia of 
VirgU : Translated by W. H. £., 1849 : Metri- 
cal Muting* ; or, Thought* on Sacred Suhfeett 
in Ferse, 1819 ; and i^iaJms and Hymns for 
Public and Private V»e, 1831 (2nd ed. 1812). 
This last contains 141 versions of Psalms, and 
206 hymns. All tho latter, and many of the 
former are original. Of his hvmns, those in 
most extensive nse are, " Hark 1 the distant 
isles proclaim," " Holy Spirit from on high," 
"Jesus, Thy Church with longing eyes,' 
" Eternal Spirit, by whose power," " O for a 
faith that will not shrink," and " O Saviour, 
may we never rest.'* In addition to theso 
and a few others (all of which arc annotated 
under their first lines), the following are in 
C, U., but mainly in America : — 

1. Before Thy cross, my dying Lord. Faith. 

2. Before Thy mercy*seat, O Lord. Holy Scriptures. 

3. llehold what unspeakable love. Heaven. 

4. Does the Lord of Glory speak P H. Scripture. 

5. Ere tbe world with light Invested. H. Spirit. 

0. Except the Lord our labours bless. Ps. exxvit. 

1. Full of weakness and of sin. Tike Creator SpiHt 
desired. 

8. Glory to the Almighty Father. Praise. 
v. Holy Lord, our hearts prepare. Preparation for 
Prayer. 

10. Holy Spirit from on high. B. Spirit's direction 
implored. 

11. How blest are they who feel the weight, repent' 
one*. 

13. How strange that souls whom Jesus feeds. Con* 
flict. 

13. How sweet it is In early youth. Youthful piety. 

14. How sweet the hour of closing day. Death. 

15. Led by a Father's gentle hand, tvwwtcnton </ 
Saints. 



118 BATMAN, STEPHEN 

IS. lord, a b;tter heart bestow. Lent, 
IT, Lord, bid the light arise. 7b the Holy Spirit. 
18. Lord, shed Thy glory as of old. Whitsuntide. 
1». Lord, what bleesed eoneolettun. Safety of the 
Chstreh, 

20. Lord, when oar ottering! we present. Offertory. 

21. fbr a bum of heavenly light. Lent. 

22. for that flame of living nre. H. Spirit, 

23. O give taints unto the Lord. J*!, eg. 

M. Shepherd of Israel, from above. On beHot/ of 
Children, 

2S. This day the Lord hath called His own, Sunday. 
M. Wlwa the world my heart is rending. Heaven. 

27. Why search ye in the narrow tomb ? .fifteen* ion. 

28. Ye servants of toe living God. Praise, 

All these hymns were given in hU Psalm* 
* Hymns, &c, 1831 (Preface dated November 
15th, 1830), and repeated, without alteration, 
in the 2nd ed., 1842. They are characterized 
by simplicity of language, and directness of 
aim ; but do not in any instance rise above 
the ordinary level of passable hymnwriting. 
In some American collections Batliunst's name 
is contracted to " Bath," and tbis is regarded 
either as a complete surname or as a Bath 
Cell. The contraction was given by Bicker- 
steth in his Christ. Pmlmody, 1833. [J, JJ ' 

Batman, Stephen (sometimes given as 
Biiteinan), was b. at Bruton, Somersetshire, 
and d. in 1581. Beyond the faut that ho 
was a professor of divinity and the author 
of several works, nothing has been ascer- 
tained concerning him. E. Farr, in his Select 
Poetry, <te., of the reign of Q. Elisabeth, 1845, 
has given eight stanzas on '' Life " from his 
work, The tranayhd Pylgrime, bringing neteei 
front all partes of the worlde, such like eearce 
hearde of before, Lond. 1569. 

His works have often quaint titles. They Include, In 
addition to the above— (0 Batman uppon J&trtholome, 
\it BooJce, Be Proprietattbus tierum. Wcwlu corrected, 
enlarged, and amended, Lend., East, fol., 1682 fa work 
of Shakesperkn interest). (2) Ckriitall Glastc of Cfti-ii- 
tian Reformation, Lond., 156s. (3) Golden Itooke of 
the Leaden Godaes, L.ond., 35TI. {i) fiootne vjarning 
all men to tke Judgment, Lond., 16SJ, tai. 

Batty, Christopher, h. at Newby Cole, 
near Settle, Yorkshire, 1715, (1. April 10, 
1797. He was a member of tho " Inghamitcs, 1 ' 
a religions denomination located principally 
in the northern parts of the counties of Lan- 
cashire and Ywkshiro. He assisted James 
Allen (<!■▼■) in the production of the Kendal 
Hymn Book, 1757, to which he contributed 
31 hymns. Very few of these arc in C. U, at 
the present time. His "Captain of Thine 
enlisted host" (Jfftsrioii*), from the KendalR. 
Bk., 1757, is found in Kemblo's ColL, 1353, 
No. 475. and in Spurgeon's 0. O. H. Bk., No. 
9G8. He completed his brother's jioem, Mes- 
siah's Kingdom, which was printed in 1792. 
[See Irtghamite Hymnody.] 

Batty, William, brother of tho above, 
a]eoan''Iughamito," and tho contributor of 
15 hymns to tho Kendal H. Bk., 1757. Of 
these, "Content and glad I'll cverbe"(Saf- 
valion by Grace") and, " From Salem's gate 
advancing slow"' (Passiontide), are in C. U. 
outside of the Inghnmito Society, and are 
given in Snopp's Sony* of G. 4 O., 1S72. W. 
Batty died in 1788, £ See Inghamite Eymnody.] 

Baxter. Lydia, an American Baptist, 
was b, at Petersburg, N. York, Sep. 2, 1803, 
married to Mr. Baxter, and d. in N. Y. June 
22, 1874. In addition to her Gems bij the 



BAXTER, RICHARD 

Waytide, 1855, Mrs. Baxter contributed many 
hymns to collections for Sunday Schools, and 
Evangelistic Servioes. Of these, the follow- 
ing are the best known : — 

1. Out thy net again, my brother. Patient toiL 
Given in the Poyal Diadem, N. Y., 1873, 

>. 8s, work in my vineyard, Duty. Also 
given in the Royal Diadem, 1873, and Mr. Saa- 
feey's S. # Sola', No. 4. 

3. I'm kneeling*, Lord, «t mercy's gate. Lent. 
In Coronation Hymns, ha., N. Y., 1879. 

4. I'm weary, Fm fainting, my day 1 ! work fl 
dene. Longing for rest. Royal Diadem. 1873. 

I. In the fadeless aping-time, Heavenly Re- 
union. In the Royal Diadem, 1873, I. D. San- 
key's S. S. $■ Solos, No. 353, and others. It was 
written for Mr. H. P, Main in 1872. 

6, On* by em* we ores* the river. Death. In 
Songs of Salvation, N. Y., 1B70, I. D. Sankey's 
S. &■# Soke, No. 357, &e. It dates ci>: 186G. 

7. Take the name of Jeans with you, Name of 
Jesus, Written late in 1870, or early in 1871, 
for W. H. Doane, and pub. in Pure Gold, 1871. 
It is No. 148 of I. J>. Sankey's S. S. $ Solos. 

t. The Matter is earning, Invitation. In Songs 
of Salvation, 1870, No. 38. 

9, There is a gate that stand* ajar. Mercy. 
In Xew Hatlvtced Songs, and also the Gospel Songs 
of 1'. Bliss, 1874. It was written for S. J. Vail 
about 1S72. It has attained to some popularity. 
It is given in Mr. Sankey's S, $ Solos, No. 2. 

[J. J.j 

Baxter, Bichard. Only s. of Richard 
Baxter, yeoman, Eaton Constantine, Shrop- 
shire, b. at Rowton, Shropshire, Nov. 12, 1615. 
He was educated at Wroxeter School, ami for 
a time held the Mastership of the Dudley 
Grammar School. On taking Holy Orders, lie 
became, in I640,Ourate of Kidderminster. Sub- 
sequently he was for some time chaplain to one 
of Cromwell's regiments. Through weakness 
he had to take an enforced reBt, during which 
he wrote his Saints' Everlasting Best. On 
regaining his health he returned to Kidder- 
miuster, whero he remained until 1660, when 
he removed to London. At the Restoration 
he became chaplain to Charles II., and was 
offered tho liishoi/rie of Hereford, which he 
refused. On the passing of the Act of Uni- 
formity, he retired from active dnty as a 
Minister of 1ho Church of England. In or 
about 1673 ho* took out a licence as a Non- 
conformist Minister and commenced lecturing 
in London. He d. Deo. 8, 1691. His prose 
works are very numerous. His poetical ore ; — 

(1) Poetical Fragment!: Start Imployment aith 
God ami Itself ) The Concordant Discoid of a Broken- 
foaled Heart, Jjondon, Printed by T. Snawdtm for B. 
Simmons, at the 3 Golden Cockt, fcc., ifctl (2nd ed. 
1S80; srded. 1SWV It conslBtsofacoontrtBof hisrell- 
rious experiences in verse, and Is dated " London, at the 
Door of Eternity) Rich. Baiter, Aug. T, 1081." (21 
Additions to the l'oetieal Ftttgmtnti of Rich. Baxter, 
written for himself, and Cbrnmunitatai ia such at are 
more for serious Terns than smooth, Lmdon, Printed 
for B. Simmons at the tftrec Golden Cocks at the West- 
end of St. Paul's. 16SJ. (3) A Paraphrase on the 
Psalms, With other Hymns left fitted for the press. 
pub the year following his death (1692). [fflarly 
fenglfah Hymnody, f x., and Kngllah Psalters, 
d xil] The l*oetical Fragment t were republished by 
Viekering.Lond., ItjSi. From this worlc his well-known 
hymn, " JJow [Lord] it belongs not to my care/' is Iriken 
(see " My whole, though broken, heart, CfLord") 

[J. J.j 



BAY PSALTER, THE 

Bay Pealter, The. Printed by Stephen 
Payc, at Cambridge, in New England, in 
IG40, but there is neither place nor printer's 
name on the title of this excessively rare vol- 
ume, the first published in North America, 
It contains the Psalms only, but to the 2nd 
cd., pub. in 1617, are added a few spiritual 
songs. The 3rd, revised and amended by 
President Dunster, had a large addition of 
Scripture songs and hymns, written by Mr. 
Lyon. The translations were chiefly by the 
Eev. Richard Mather, the Rev. Mr. Weld, and 
the Rev. John Eliot. Francis Quotles, how- 
ever, contributed several psalms. Originally 
known as the Bay Ptalm Booh, it afterwards 
was called TU Jfetc England Version of ike 
Psalms. (See Cotton's List of Edition* of 
the BUile A Parts thereof in English, p. 117.) 
A copy ii in the Bodleian, and two others 
have recently been acquired for America. 
[See Sag. PiiItMt, I XL, and Affl*ric*n Hymaody.] 

[W. T. B.] 

Bayly, Charles, This writer is included 
by Dr. C. Rogers in his Lyra Britannica, 
1867; but his hymns have not come into 
general ubc. In 1841 he edited The Selwood 
Wreath, Lond. (Preface dated " Frome, Sept. 
28, 18*0.") The contributors to this volume 
include John Sheppord, Francis Sknrray, and 
James Joyce. Mr. Bayly's Descriptive and 
Other Poena were pub. in 18C0. Dr. Rogers 
gives "Jesu;>, to TTiee I trembling fly," and 
" Jesus Christ enthroned on high, as speci- 
mens of his hymn-writing, and states thnt he 
was born at Frome-Selwood, Somersetshire, 
and was a member of the legal profession, 

Baylies, Robert Hall, m.a., s. of the Rev. 

Joseph Baynes, b. at Wellington, Somerset, 
Mar. 10, 1831, and educated at St Edmund 
Hall, Oxford, graduating b.a, 1856, and m,a, 
1859. Ordained in 1865, he held successively 
the Curacy of Christ Church, Blaekfriars, the 
P. Curacy of St Paul's, Whitechapel; of 
Holy Trinity, Maidstone, and of St. Michael's, 
Coventry. In 1870 he was Bp. designate of 
Madagascar; but resigned in 1671, In 187S 
he was appointed Hon. Canon of "Worcester 
Cathedral, and in 1880 Vicar of Holy Trinity, 
Folkestone. Canon Baynes is more widely 
known as the compiler of some most success, 
fill books of sacred poetry than as an original 
hymn-writer, although some of his hymns are 
of considerable merit, and ore in extensive use. 
Of these the best known are " Jesu, to Thy 
table led," and " Holy Spirit Lord of glory. 
He was editor of Lyra Anglicana, 1862; Snglith 
Lyric*, 1865 ; The Canterbury Hymnal, 1861 ; 
nnd the Supp. Hymnal, 1889 (all pub. Lond., 
Houlston & Wright) ; The Illustrated Book of 
Sacred Poems, Lond., Cassell & Co., and is the 
author of original Autumn Memories and other 
Verses, Lond., Houlston & Wright, 1869. His 
hymns appeared in The Canterbury Hymnal, 
the Autumn Memories, and in the Churchman's 
Shilling Magazine, of which he was sometime 
editor. His Home Songs for Quiet Hours 
were pub. in 1878, nnd Hymns for Home Mi>- 
tion Service* in tlie Cliurch of England, 1879. 
To hU eucharistio manual, At the Communion 
Time, a series oE hymns for Holy Communion 
are added. D. March 12, 1895. [J. J.} 

Bailee, John. Little is known of this 



BE THOU OUR 



119 



writer beyond the facts that he was a minister 
of Liady Huntingdon's Connection, and hod u 
chapel in Cumberland Street, Shoreditoh. 
For use primarily of that congregation he 
pub., in 1768, A Select CoU. of Psalms and 
Hymns, Extracted from Several Authors, and 
Published for the general use of the Church of 
Christ in her Militant State, containing 252 
hymns. This was re-Issued in 1770, with a 
Supplement of 29 hymns ; and a 3rd ed. 
appeared in 1775, with on Appendix of 51 
hymns. This last was under the editorship 
of the Rev. Lawrence Conghlon. Two years 
later, on Coughlan's leaving Shoreditoh, an 
anonymous Collection appeared; and again, 
in 1782, under the pastorate of John Henry 
Meyer, a Selection containing 112 hymns. 
As Bailee's name is omitted from tlie edition 
published by Coughlan, some little confusion 
has arisen with regard to their respective 
claims. [W. T. B.] 

Be joyful In God, all ye lands of the 
earth. J. Montgomery. [P«, o.] Pub. in 
his Songs of Zion, 1822, in 4 st. of 4 1., and in 
his Poetieal Works, 1828 and 1810 ; but omitted 
from his Original Hymns, 1853. It is not in 
C. U. in Gh Britain ; but in America, from its 
appearance in the Prayer Bh. Coll., 1826, to 
the present, it has been included in numerous 
hymnals throughout the States, Orig. text 
in the American Baptist Praise Bk., N. Y„ 
1871, No. 255. 

Be known to us in breaking bread. 

J. Montgomery. {Holy Communion^] 1st ptib. 
in his Cliriitiatt Psalmist, 1825, No. 528, in 
2 st. of 4]., and entitled " The Family Table." 
It was subsequently republished in his Ori- 
ginal Hymns, 1853, No. 207, with tlie somo 
title. Its use is limited in its originnl form, 
but ns a part of tlie cento " Shepherd of souls, 
refresh and bless " (q.v.), it is widely known in 
America. 

Be love, delightful theme. B. Bed- 
dome. \Preciousneit of Christ.'] From his 
posthumous Hymns, &c, 1617, No. 74, in 6 st 
of 1 1., into a limited number of hymnals. 
In Maurice's Choral H. Bk., 1861, it is attri- 
buted to J. Montgomery in error. 

Be merciful, O God, to me. C. Wes- 
ley. [Ptalm Ivii.] Appeared in Pt. <fc Ilyt., 
1743, in S st.of 6 1. (P. Worlts, 1868-72. vol. 
viii. p. 127.) The hymn " My heart ia fixed, 
O God, iny heart," in the Sujipl. to the Wet. 
H.Bk. 1830, and the revised ed., 1875, is com- 
posed of st. vii., viii, ix. 

Be Thou, O God, by night, by day. 

[Morning.'} This anonymous hymn, which is 

tivou in many American collections, has not 
son traced beyond Cheevor's American Com- 
monplace Book of Poetry, N.Y. 1831, It is in 
the Plymouth Coll., 1855 ; Longfellow and John- 
son's Hys.ofike Spirit, 1864; and others, in 3 
st. of 4 1„ but always as " Anon." [W. T. B.] 

Be Thou ourftny] Guardian and our 
[my] Guide. I. Williams. [Divine Guid- 
ance sought.'] Appeared in his Hymns on ike 
Catechism, ]842, in 4 st. of 4 1. It is based 
on the petition in the Lord's Prayer, " And 
lead us not into temptation." In some col- 
lections it is changed from the plural to the 



120 



BE THOU BEADY 



singular throughout, as in H. A. & Af., revised 
dJ., 1875, No. 282, &c. It is given in several 
Collections in G, Britain and America. 

Be thou ready, fellow-mortaL [Beadi- 
new for Duty.l Appealed anonymously in 
the Unitarian Sys, for the Sanctuary, Boston, 
1849, No. 609. These By*., Ac, were edited 
by the Kev. 0. A. Bartot sud others, and are 
known as Bartdl's Coll. This hymn passed 
from that CoU. into the Supplement to Hedge 
& Hunting ton's Hys. of the Church of Christ, 
Boston, 1853, and again into other hymn-books. 

Baadon, Hyde Wyndham, m.a., b. in 
1812, and educated at Eton and at St. John's 
Coll., Cambridge, b.a„ 1835, m.a., 1839. 
Taking Holy Orders in 1836, he became, in 
1837, Vicar of Haselbury Plueknett, near 
Crewkerne, and,in 18S8, Vicar of Latton, Wilts. 
He is also Hon. Canon of Bristol, and Bural 
Dean. His hymns were pub. in The Parish 
Hymn Book, 1863 and 1875, of which he was 
co-editor with the Bev. G. Phillimore, and 
Bp. Woodford. To that collection, iit 1863, 
he contributed the following hymns ; — 

I. Fierce was the storm of wind. Eptyhany. 

a, Gloiy to thee, Lord, Who by," *c. Epiphany. 

This is usually given as, " All praise to Thee, G Lord, 
Who by," Ac., And is found in several hymnals. * 

3. God, Thy soldiere' crown. A tr. of " Deus tu- 
onim mllltum " (q.v.). 

This la sometimes given as, " Christ" &c. 

4. The Son of Man gball come. EpuAany. 

The peculiarity of these hymns Is that they arc all in 
s.v. Their use la somewhat limited, -with the excep- 
tion of Nos. 1 and 2. [J, J.] 

Beale, Mary, nee Craddock, dau. of 
Mr. Craddock, Minister of Walton-on-Thames, 
b. 1632, d. in Pall-Moll, 1637. She was distin- 
guished in painting, and her house was the 
resort of men of letters and eminence in 
various professions. Her versions of Pa. xiii., 
lii., lxx., aud exss. were included in Samuel 
Woodford's Paraphrase in English Verse, 
upon tli4 Boohs of the Psalms, 1667. The 
Version of Ps. lis. is given in Holland's 
Psalmists of Britain, 18-13, vol. ii. p. 76. 

Beat* noble gaudia Anni reduxit 
orbita. [Whitsuntide.] This hymn is 
sometimes ascribed to St. Hilary of Poitiers ; 
but as in the case of others, upon insufficient 
evidence. [See Hilary.] 

Tlie full text, in 6 st. of 4 1., is given in 
Daniel, i., No. 7, together with the Soman Brev. 
version, and a few references, and notes. 
JKone, No. 183, gives the text from ass. of 
the 13th and 14th centuries, supplies rcadinga 
therefrom and closes with a note. Daniel, iv. 
pp. 160-161, quotes Mone almost verbatim, and 
adds reailings from a Bheinan us. of the 11th 
cent. Tiie text is also found in two mss. of 
the 11th cent, in the BritUli Museum (Jul. A. 
vi. f. 53 b., Vesp. D. sii, f. 78); the Latin 
Hys. of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 1851, p. 93, 
where it is printed from an 11th cent MS. at 
Durham ; iu the Hymn. Sar., Lond. 1851, pp. 
113, 114; in Card. Newman's Hymnt EecUeiaej 
1838 and 1865 ; in Simroeli, 1868 ; and other 
collections. 

As to the use or this hymn, we may remark tlwt In 
the Masarabic Brev. It Is the hymn at Lauds on Whit- 
sunday, and daily to Trinity Sunday; in the Sarum 
for Second Vespers on Whitsunday, and daily at Vespers 
during the weelc ; rink adds liret Yeepers as well; Clan- 
tarbury directs its use at VtsperBj so also St. Albans, 
but with the addition of two stations from the hymn at 



BEAUMONT, SIB JOHN 

First Vespers on Whitsunday— " Jam Christus aalra." 
In Ihe Aom. Brev. It is the hymn at Lands on Whitsun- 
day, and through the octave to Trinity Sunday exclu- 
sively. Other tfreviaries of less importance also vary 
in their use. 

The Horn. Bret, text diiTere from the older form only 
In the two Instances : st. L, 1. 4, " EBuMt In discipulos,'' 
la changed to " Ulapna eat apostotis," and st. Iv., 1, 3, 
*' Socro dlerum numero," to " Socro dlerum cfm*to." 
Danitt draws attention toaourious question with regard 
to the word, «arac&ttM, or paracUtttt, in st. 1., 1.3, of 
this hymn. The last syllable but one, the penultimate, 
should have a long vowel. Here, however, it is short, 
as Sn PmdenttuB, COthtm. V., v. -ISO. On this point 
DaniA refere to davuntus (I*w. S. B. torn, ill. p. 263), 
and to a treatise by Jean Baptists Thiers (1*36-1103). 

This hymn must not be confounded with 
"Beata nobis gaudia dont militum aolemnia," 
given in Mone, No. 736, of which there are 
no frs. into English. [W. A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, Atajnthe Hireling seasons toll. By W.J. Cope- 
land, appeared in his Hymits for the Week, &c, 
1848, p. 102, in 7 st. of 4 I. In 1850 it was 
reprinted in Stretton's Cliwreh Bys., sod, in a 
re-written form, ns "Again the circling year 
brings round," in the English Hymnal, 1852 and 
1861, being a change from cm. to l*w. Id this 
arrangement Caswall's tr, of 1849 was also used 
some what freely. 

8. Sail the joyful day's latum. By E. Campbell, 
was written for his St. Andrea's Hymnal, and 
pub. therein in 1850, In 3 st. of 8 1., and from 
thence passed into the Scottish Episcopal Coll., 
1858 ; and with the single change of the to this 
st. i. 1. 1 in Shipley's Annus Sancius, 1884. 

1. Bleat joys for mighty wonder* wrought By 
J. M. NeaJe, appeared in the 1st ed. of Hymnal 
Jf., 1853, No. 33. It has failed to win a position 
in the more important collections. 

4, Bound roll the weeks our hearts to greet By 
W. J. Blew, written cir. 1850, first printed on a 
broadsheet, and then in his Hymn and Tune 
Book, 1st ed., 1852, 2nd, 1855, in 4 st. of 8 1. 
It was also included in the People's H., 1867. 

5* Joy I beaa.UK idle cireling- year. By J. Ellerton 
nndF. J. A. Hort, made for and 1st pub. in Church 
Ilys,, 1871. In 1875 it was also included in 
H, A. $ if., No. 153, with the omission of the 
Inst four lines. Mr. Ellerton in his note on 
this hymn (Oh. Hys., folio ed., p. xliv.) attri- 
butes st. ii., "Like to quivering tongues of 
flame," to Bp. Mont's Ancient Hymns, 1837, 
in error. Mant has no tr, of the hymn. The 
stniisa is from Campbell's tr. as above. 

T ransl a ti ons not in 0. V* '. — 

1. The rolling year pursues Its way. Primtr, UOfl 
(possibly by J. Dryuen). This Is given in 0. Shipley's 
Annus Sanctttt, 1SS4, p. 163. 

2. The rowling year fiath now brought back. A. J. B, 
Hope F s Hymns. EC, IS44. 

S. Blest Is our Joy I The time bath come once more. 
Bp. J. Williams, -i»iefe»t Hymnt, ISIS. 

4. Again the slowly circling year. E. Caxwall, 1§49. 

s. Blest season ! which with gladness fraught. J. D. 
Chambers, ml. 

s. The circling year again, Jic WaUase, 19J4. 

1. Again amid the circling year. F. Trappet, 1665. 

[J. J.] 

Beaumont, Sir John, elder brother of 
Frtineis Beaumont, the dramatic writer, b. in 
1582, and educated nt Oxford. In 1626 he 
was created a baronet by King Oiarles L, d. 
in 1628. His writings include, The Grown of 
Thorns, a poem in 8 books (not now known 
to esistj; Bosworth Field and other Poems, 
1629; and Poems on religions and political 



BEAUMONT, JOSEPH 

subjects. He ia known to modem hymnals 
through one or two pieces only. His Poems 
have been reprinted by Dr. Grosart in his 
Fuller Worthies Library. 

Beaumont, Joseph, eldest e. of Bur John 
Beaumont; was b. March. 3, 1615, educated at 
Westminster, and Peter House, Cambridge, 
and d. Sept 3, 1652. His Original Poem* in 
English and Latin were pub. posthumously 
in 1749. In this work there is a fine poem 
on " Homo " (p. 8). This has been condensed 
into a hymn, beginning "As earth's pageant 
by." {Consecration to GW.) His 
(1st pub. 1617), together with selec- 
tions from liis Original Poems, Ac, were 



BEDDOME, BENJAMIN 



121 



passes 
Psvehi 



reprinted in Dr. Gros&rt's CherUey Worthies, 
1877-80, in 2 volumes, 

Beck, Thomas. Concerning this writer 
and compiler we have failed in gathering 
anything beyond the information contained in 
the title-pages of bis works, and that he con- 
tributed to the Gospel and Evangelical 
Magazines under the signature of "T. B." 
His works include ; — 

(1) Olule 0/ Ot Damb pleaded, 1191, Snd ed. ; (3) 
7%a MUtimary, a Poem, 1T9SJ (3) Tht JKiitot, a 
Potm, Il»6: (4) Poetic Jmutemenit, 1B09; (6) Mtgg 
on the Princett Charlcttt, 181?; (S) Hymnt calcu- 
lated fur tit Furptuet of PiMic, Scdal, and Imitate 
WortKip, collected, cowpaed, and or ranged under ttttr 
]>mptr heads fty J*w. Beck, Minister of the Gospel at 
Graveeend. Printed far the Author by T. Fisher, Roches- 
ter, mjjcclxxxu. 

• 

From the last work- the hymn, " Jesus, I 
fwe] lift my [our] soul to Thee (H. Baptism), 
is taken. It is given in the M. Camp, now ed., 
1876, but previously appeared in Bickerstetk's 
Christ. Psalmody, 1833, [W. T. B .] 

Becker, Cornelius, s. of Adrian Becker, 
merchant of Leipzig, was b. at Leipzig, Oct. 
24, 1561. After studying at the University 
where lie graduated 1581, he kept a private 
school till his appointment, in the beginning 
of 1588, as one of the masters of the St. 
Thomas School, a post be vacated in Sept., 
1588, on being appointed diaconus at Koehli fcz. 
In 1592 he became diaconus, and in 159*, pastor 
of the church of St. Nicholas, Leipzig ; ami sub- 
sequently Professor of Theology in the Univer- 
sity, from which, in 1599, he received the de- 
greo of D.D. On account of false accusations 
fie was deprived of his charge on Juno 5, 1601, 
bnt was vindicated and restored on Nov. 28 
following. He d. suddenly at Ijeipzig, May 
25, 1G0-1 (Koeli, ii. 219-228 ; AUg. Deutsche 
Biog., ii. 221). He wrote a few hymns, but 
his principal work was bis version of the 
Psalter, 1U02. (See P*»U«n, German.) The 
only version tr. into Englisli is ; — 

Dm Herr lit mein eatnuer Hirt, Ssm i*h mloh 
hu Tsrtrane. IP*, xriii.] Appeared in S- Calvbiua'i 
ffarmonia Canliwutm BccUsfatticaTutA, Lctpoig, lfi9$ 
and then tn Decker's Der Psalter Davids Gesangweit, 
Leipzig, leu'i. Thence In Waekenagel, v., p. 369, iu3st. 
of 1 1„ entiiled "The Good Shepherd." In Bunsen'a 
Alia- O. B., 1848, No. 2. It li tr. is " My Shepherd le the 
Saviour dear," by Milt Dunn, 1SBJ, p. 19. [J. M,] 

Beoon, Thomas. [Old Version, § is. 9.] 

Beddome, Benjamin, m.a. Tliis 
prolific hymn-writer \ra? b. at Henley-in- 
Ardon, Warwickshire, Jan. 23, 1717, where 
his father, the Rev. John Beddome, was at 



that time Baptist Minister. He was ap- 
prenticed to a Burgeon in Bristol, but removing 
to London, he joined, iti 1739, the Baptist 
church in Prescott St, At the call of this 
church he devoted himself to the work of the 
Christian ministry, and in 1740 began to 
preach at Bourton-on-the-Water, in Glou- 
oestershire. Declining invitations to remove 
to London or elsewhere, he continued pastor 
at Bourton until his death, en Sep. 3, 1795, at 
the age of 78. Mr. Beddome was for many 
years one of the most respected Baptist 
ministers in the West of England, He was a 
man of some literary culture. In 1770 be 
received the degree of h.a. from Providence 
College, Bhode Island. He was the author of 
an Exposition of the Baptist Catechism, 1752, 
in great repute at the time, and reprinted by 
Dr. C. Evans in 1772. It was his practice to 
prepare a hymn every week to be sung after 
his Sunday morning sermon. Though not 
originally intended for publication, he allowed 
thirteen of these to appear in the Bristol Bnpt. 
Coll. of Ash St Evans (1769), and thirty-six 
in Dr. Rippon's Bapt. 8tl. (1787), whence a 
number of them found their way into the 
General Bapt if. Bk of 1793 and other collec- 
tions. Inl817,oposthumous collection of his 
hymns was pub., containing 830 pieces, with 
an introduction by the Rov. Robert Hall, and 
entitled " Hymns adapted to Public Worshipor 
Family Devotion, novo first published from tlte 
Manuscripts of the late Bev. B. Beddome, m.a." 

Preface dated "Leicester, Kov. 10. 1B1T." Same of 
the early copies bear the same date od the tltlepage. 
Copies bearing both the 1B1T and IBIS dak's an in the 
Brit. Mat. The date usually glv?n is 1SIB. Some 
hymns are also appended to bis ofermertf, seven vi%, of 
which were pub. lucs-isis; and over twenty are given 
in the Baptitt Jiegister of various dates, 

Beddome's hymns were commended by Mont- 
gomery as embodying one central idea, "always 
important, often striking, and sometimes inge- 
niously brought out." Robert Hall's opinion is 
just, when in his " Recommendatory Preface " 
to the Hymns, &c, he says, p. vii. : — 

" The man of taste will be gratified with the beauty 
and original turns of thought which many of them ex- 
hibit, while the experimental Christian will often per- 
ceive the moat secret movements of his soul strikingly 
delineated, sod sentiments pourtrayed wblcb will llnu 
their echo in every heart," 

With the exception of a few composed for 
Baptisms and other special occasions, their 
present use in 6. Britain is limited, but in 
America somewhat extensive. One of the 
best is the Ordination Hymn, " Father of 
Mercies, bow Thine enr." Another favourite 
is ' J My times of sorrow and of joy," composed, 
by a singular coincidence, to be sung on 
Sunday, Jan. 14, 1778, the day on which his 
son died, most unexpectedly, in Edinburgh, 
" Let party names no more," is very popular 
both in G. Brit, and America. " Faith, tie a 
precious gift," " Witness, ye men and angels, 
now," and tho hymn for Holy Baptism, 
" Buried beneath the yielding wave,'' tire also 
found in many collections, Beddome's popu- 
larity is, however, now mainly in America. 

[W. B. S.] 

Li addition to about 40 of Beddome's 
hymns in C. U. which are annotated in this 
Dictionary under their respective Hut lines, 
theri' nro also th<? following 69, all of which 



122 BEDDOME. BENJAMIN 

ore in O. U. either in G. Brit, or America, in 
the former to a limited extent, and in the 
latter somewhat extensively. 

1. AH glory be to Sim Who esme. Holy Bap- 
tism. From his posthumous Hymns, &c., 1817, 
No. 698, in 4 st of 4 1. into late eds. of Sippon, 

1. Almighty God, nnjrtt The*. Prayer for 
guidance. No. 336 of his .Hymns, &c, 1817, in 
4 st. of 41. 

». And shall I [we] tit alone t Hope reviving. 
No. 186 of his Hymns, etc, 18 17, in 4 st of 4 1., 
and No. 508 in the Amor. Get. Reformed Hys. 
of the Church, N. Y., 1869. It is also in several 
other hymnals. 

*. Arise, Then Bitght and Kerning Star. Christ, 
the Morning Star. No. 106, in 3 st. of 4 1., in 
his Hymns, &c, 1817. 

I. Awake, awake, my heart and tongue. Pas- 
siontide. This is No, 371, in his Hymns, &c, 
1817, in 4 st. of 3 1. Stanzas iL-iv. had, how- 
ever, previously appeared in the 10th ed. of 
Rippon's Sel., 1800,as No. 383, pt.ii., beginning, 
" To Htm, Who on the fatal tree." 

6. Awake, awake Thou mighty arm. Missions. 
This was pub. in the 10th ed. of Rippon's Set., 
1800, No. 420. pt iv. in 3 st. of 4 1., and again 
in Beddome's Hymns, &e., 1817, No. 698. In 
Spnrgeon's O. 0. H. Bk. it is No. 963. 

7. Behold the day is come. Judgment : Second 
Advent. Pub. in his Hymns, &c, 1817, No. 798, 
in 4 st. of 4 1. In America it is given in the 
Baptist Praise Bk., N. Y-, 1871 ; Songs for the 
Sanctuary, 1665, Sec, Not in use in G. Britain. 

8. Behold the Sunaoh, when baptised. Holy 
Baptism. Pub. in the 1st ed. of Rippon's Sel., 
1787, No. 471, in 7 st. of 4 L, as "The holy 
Eunuch, when baptized," but in Beddomes 
Hymns, Ac, 1817, No. 625, it is given as " Be- 
hold the Euncch," Jcc, It is known, however, 
to the hymnals as in Rippon's Set., "The holy 
Ennnch, when baptised." 

S. Burden'd with guilt and pale with fear. J^ent, 
Pub. in the Bristol Coll. of Ash and Evans, 1769, 
No. 216, in 3 st. of 4 1-, and agaiu in Beddome's 
Hymns, tie., 1817, No. 132. 

Id. Oan sinners hop* for heaven 1 The Unbe- 
llet>ers. Pub. in his Hymns, &&, 1817, No. 400, 
in 4 at. of 4 1., with the hendiog, "The Unrigh- 
teous excluded from heaven." It is in several 
American collections, including Laades Domini, 
N. Y., 1884, No. 558, 

II. Come, Holy Spirit, oonu ; With entity, *». 
Whitsuntide. Appeared in the 10th ed. of Rip- 
pon's Set., 1800, No. 211, pt. it., in 4 st of 4 1. 
Also in Beddome's Hymns, etc., 1817, No. 132. 

It, Oome, Java, heaTSnly Teaohar, some. Christ 
the Teacher. Given as No. 128 in his Hymns, 
be., 1817, in 3 st. of 4 1., and from thence iuto 
the Anier. Presb. P$. $ Hys., Richmond, 1867. 

11, Corns, Then Eternal Spirit, some. Whitsun- 
tide. No. 142 of his Hymns, &c, 1817, in 3 st. 
of 4 1., and the Aroer. Bap. Praise Bk., N. Y., 
1871, No. 511. 

14* Oome, ye humble, oontrite souls, Holy Bap- 
tism. Adult Baptism is contemplated in this 
hymn, and " Candidates " are encouraged there- 
in to proceed to the Holy Rite. Pub. in his 
Hymns, tee., 1817, No. 613, in 4 st. of 6 1. It 
is given in Jate editions of Rippon's Sel. 

1*. Death 'tie [is] aa t*M word. Death. On 



BEDDOME, BENJAMIN 

the " Death of a Sinner," in his Hymns, &c, 
1817, No. 780, in 5 st. of 4 1., and from thence 
into the 37th ed, of Rippon's Sel., 1827, No. 580, 

IB. Bid Christ rfar aumera weep t Before Ser- 
mon. Given in the 1st ed. of Rippon's Set., 
1767, No. 367, in 3 st. of 4 ]., and again in Bed- 
dome's Hymns, Are., 1817, No. 587. It is in ex- 
tensive use in America. 

17, Best Then my profit seek t Chastisement. 
This short hymn in 3 st. of 4 1., entitled, "Sub- 
mission under Affliction." was included in Rip- 
pou's Sel., 1st ed,, 1787, No, 540, and signed, 
"Beddome," It is not found, however, in this 
form in Beddome's Hymns, tic, 1817, but No, 
223, " Does the Lord my profit seek," in 2 st. 
of 8 1., is either the original of that in Sippon, 
or is based thereupon. 

II, Saoh other we have owned; Parting. From 
his Hym-a, &c., 1817, No. 665, in 5 st. of 4 1., 
into a few Elections, 

IS. Sternal Sonne of every good. Opening of a 
Place of Worship. Dr. Hatfield, in his Amer. 
Church H. Bk., N.Y., 1872, dates this hymn 1790. 
This may possibly arise from its appearance in a 
work with which we are unacquainted. It was 
included in Beddome's Hymns, esc, 1817, No. 
732. It is in a few hymnals. 

10. father of Mercies, bow Thine ear, Attentive 
to, In. For Missions. Given in the 1st ed. of 
Rippon's Sel., 1787, No. 426, in 6 st of 4 1., and 
again in Beddome's Hymns, esc, 1817, No, 700. 

11. Tnther of XeroUt, Oed of love, Send down, to. 
Holy Spirit. In his Hymns, &c, 1817, No. 141, 
on the "In-dwelling of the Spirit," in 4 st. of 
4 1. It is found in a few Church of England 
collections. 

11, Fountain of blessing, ever blest, For Daily 
Bread. 1st pnb. in the Bristol Coll. of Ash & 
Evans, 1769, No, 42, in4st. of 41., and again in 
Beddome's Hymns, &c, 1817, No. 341, from 
whence it has passed Into Inter collections. 

13, Irom Thy dear pierced side. Passiontiie. 
Included in his Hymns, &c, 1817, No. 94, in 

3 st. of 6 1., on the " Fountain opened." It is 
found i|i several American collections, as the 
Amer. Heth. Erase Hymns, 1819, the Service of 
Song for Bap. Churches, Boston, 1B71, &c. 

St, Go fbrtfr, ye saints, behold your Xing [Lord], 
Jftsstons or Second Advent Appeared in the 
10th ed, of Rippon's Sel., 1800, No. 421, pt. iv., 
in 4 st. of 4 1. and headed, "Saints longing to 
sec their King with Bis many crowns." It was 
repeated in Beddome's Hymns, dec, 1817, No, 
702, It is given in a limited number of collec- 
tions; and in Spnrgeon's 0. 0. II. Bk. it is dated 
1.818 in error. 

St. Great God, 'tis from Thy sovereign grace, 
Grace. This hymn on 1 Cor. xv. 8, was given 
in the 10th ed. of Rippon's Sel., 1800, in 4 st. of 

4 l.j and in Beddomes Hymns, ic, 1817, No. 10. 
SS, Great Ood, to The* 111 make, Hope. No. 

231, pt. ii,, in the 10th ed* of Rippon's Set,, 
1800 ; and in Beddome's Hymns, 1817, No. 478, 

S7, Great God of Frevldenoe, Thy ways, Provi-. 
dence. Included in the 1st ed, of Rippon's Set., 
1787, No. 35, in 4 st. of 4 1. It passed from 
thence into a few of the earlier collections, and 
was repub. in Beddome's IIymrts,&c, 1817, No. 40. 

SB. Great God, my maker and my King. Justice 
and Goodness of God. Also in the 1st ed. of 



BEDDOME, BENJAMIN 

Rippon'a Bel, 1787, No. 18, in 4 at. of 4 L, and 
in Beddome's Hymns, be, 1817, No. 11. 

89. How fro end boundless tt the grao*. Jres- 
wss 0/ Ww tfa»pei. la Kippon's £W., 1st ed., 
1787, No. 362, in 4 st. of 4 I., and again Id 
Beddome's Hymns, be, 1817, No. 373, with an 
additional at. "Come, without money, without 
price." 

30. Sow great, how solemn la tb* work. Adult 
Baptism, lat in Rippon'a BeL, let ed., 1787, 
No. 453, in 6 st. of 4 1., and appointed for use 
on the "Horning before Baptism; or, at the 
waterside." It was repeated in Beddome's 
.Hymns, ire, 1817, No. 619. 

SI. Bow man; doubts and fan* prevail. Zent. 
Given in the Bristol Coll. of Aah & Evans, 1769, 
No. 218, in 3 at. of 4 1., and again in Beddome'a 
Hymns, &c, 1817, No. 435. 

U. If went fraud should dwell. Sincerity. 
No. 283, in the 1st ed. of Rippon'a Bel., 1787, in 

3 st. of 4 1., and No. 232, in Beddome'a Hymn), 
be, 1817. 

33. Ia all my ways, EM. Family Altar. 
From his Bjfnuw, &c., 1817, No. 568, in 3 at. of 

4 L, into modem eds. of Kippou's Bel., No. 514. 

Si. In dutiot and in tufferingi too. Christ, the 
Example. From his Hymns, die., 1817, No. S3, 
in 3 at. of 4 1., into the Amer. Unitarian Hy. [A- 
2W] Bk., Boston, 1888, No. 409. 

8*. Joins, delightful, inarming Hum. Jtdme of 
Jesus, An imitation of Newton's "How sweet 
the Name of Jesus sounds," given in the Hymns, 
&c., 1817, No. 108, in 5 st. of 4 1. It ie found 
in several American collections, including the 
Hap. Praise Bk., N. Y., 1871, No. 459. 

SB. Jtsiu, my love, my eMef delight. Christ, 
the Gift of God. Thia is No. 171 in the 1st ed. 
of Kippon's Stl., 1787, in 5 st. of 4 I,, and No. 
96 in Beddome's Hymns, &c, 1817. 

87. Jeaui, my Saviour, bind me fait. Union 
Kith Christ. From his Hymns, be, 1817, No. 
557, in 4 st. of 4 1., into the Amer. Preab. Pa. 
f Hys,, Richmond, 1887, No. 243, and several 
other American collections. 

38. Jeans, my Saviour, lot me be. Conformity 
to Christ. Also from hii Hymns, be, 1817, No. 
199, in 4 st. of 4 1., into the same Ps. $ Hys., 
Richmond, 1867, No. 79. 

SB. Jetua, when faith with fixed eyea. Passion- 
tide. Appeared in a Coll. of Hys. for the Use 
of Christians of all Jhnominations, 1782 -, again 
in Kippon's Set, 1st ed. 1787, No. 477, in 5 at, 
of 4 1. ; and again, aa " A view of Christ's 
sufferings," In Beddome'a Hymns, be, 1817, 
No. 60. ft is a good example of the author's 
powers. In Spnrgeon's 0. 0. H. Bk., No. 819, 
it is dated 1818 in error, 

40. lorf, incline my wandering heart Fear of 
he Lord, From the Hymns, be, 1817, No. 167, 
in 3 st. of 6 1., into modern editions of Nippon's 
Sel., No. 226, pt. iii. 

11. lord, though bitter is the oup. Patience. 
This hymn is in two forms. The first waa given 
by Dr. Rippon in his Bel., 1787, No. 264, in 3 at 
of 4 1., aa " Dear Lord, though bitter is the cap ;" 
nod the second is No. 206 in Beddome'a Hymns, 
as " Lord, though bitter," itc. In Kippon's Set. 
it is in L. tt., and in the Hymns, be, in 7's. 

11. Lord, with a grieved and aebiag heart. Lent : 
the Publican. Given in the lat ed. of Eippon'a &£, 



BEDDOME, BENJAMIN 123 

1787, No. 236, in 3 st. of 41., and in the Hymn*, 
be, 1817, No. 477. It is in C. IT. In America, 
as in The Service of Song for Bapt. Churches, 
Boston, 1871. 

IS. Love it the fountain whence. Love to God. 
From his Hymns, &c., 1817, No, 192, in 4 sL of 
4 1., into the Amer. Sap. PraiseBk, N.T., 1871. 

14. Hy tew revolving yean, ffeto Year. From 
his Hymns, die, 1817, No. 711, in 3 at. of 4 1., 
into the American Sabbath H. Bk., N. Y. t 1858, 
No. 1160. It ia also given aa " Ovr few revolv- 
ing years," in several American hymnals. 

It. Xy rising soul with ittni loairos. Com- 
munion with God. 1st pnb, in the Bristol Coll. 
by Ash & Evens, 1769, No. 265, in 3 st. of 4 1. 
From thence it passed into Kippon's Bel., 1787, 
No 97. It waa alao included in Beddome'a 
Hymns, &«., 1817, No. 561. 

4t. blest society. Unity, From hia Hymns, 
ftc, 1817, No. 637, in 4 it. of 4 1., into modern 
editions of Kippon's Set., No, 258, pt, iii, 

IT. Lord, Thou art my Lord, Joining the 
Church. This hymn, for the use of a person 
about to be admitted into Church fellowship, is 
from Beddome'a Hymns, &c, 1817, No, 646, in 
5 st. of 4 L It is found in a few collections 
both in G. Britain and America. 

18, Lord, Thy perfect word. Holy Scriptures. 
In his Church Hymn Bk., N. Y., 1872, Dr. Hat- 
field dates this hymn 1760. This date may 
possibly be from a magazine. We trace the 
hymn only to Beddome's Hymns, be*, 1817, No. 
686, in 3 st of 4 1. 

19. On Britain, long a favoured iale. Prayer for 
National Peace. 1st pub. as No. 17 in the 
Snpp. added to the 3rd ed. of the Bristol Coll. of 
Ash & Evans, 1778. It was repeated in Rip. 
pon's Bel., 1787, and other collections, and in 
Beddome's Hymns,be, 1817, No. 747, in 5st, of 41. 

(0. On wingi of love the Christian ties, Heaven- 
ward. Appeared in the 1st ed. of the Bristol 
Coll. of Ash & Evans, 1769, No. 282, in 4 st. of 
4 1., and repeated in Beddome's Hymns, be, 
1817, No. 545. 

SI. Shout, rVir the blessed Jeans reigns. Mis* 
sions. 1st pub. in the lBt ed. of the Bristol 
Coll. of Ash & Evans, 1769, No. S73, in 6 st. of 
4 1., then in Kippon's &?., 1787, No. 429, and 
others among the older collections, and theDce 
to modern hymnals. It ia No. 706 of Beddome'a 
Hymns, be, 1817. 

S3. So fair a ftee bedewed with tears. Com- 
passion of Christ. This, at one time a favourite 
hymn, was given in Kippon's Sel^ 1787, No. 
484, in 4 it. of 4 1., and in Beddome's Hymns, 
be, 1817, No. 70. It ja still in C. U. 

S3. Sprinkled with rseeneiling Wood, Access to 
God. No. 357, in 4 st. of 4 1., in Rippou's Sel., 
1787 ; and No. 403, in Beddome's Hymns, &c., 
1817. 

H. Strait the gate, the way ia narrow. The 
Siratt Gate, From the Hymns, be, 1817, No. 
348, in 4 it. of 6 1. into the 27th ed. of Rippon'a 
Bel,, 1827, with the omission of st. ir. 

SS, The mighty Rod wOl not despite. The Pro- 
digal, 1st pub. in the Bristol Coll. of Ash & 
Evana, 1769, No. 226, in 4 st. of 41., then in 
Kippon's Sel., 1787, No. 273, and again in Bed- 
dome's Hymns, be, 1817, No. 349. 

SS. The wandering star, the J fTtf-g wind. Inr 



124 BEDDOME, BENJAMIN 

emsistency. This 1st appeared ia Rippon's Sel., 
1787, No. 310, in 5 st. of 4 1., then in Bed- 
dome's .Hymns, &c., 1817, No. SIS, and is now in 
C. U. In America it is given in the Unitarian 
Hy. $ Tune Bk., Boston, 1868, No. 563. 

•7. Then U a world «f psrfeet Uiaa. Heaven. 
From his Hymns, &c, 1817, No. 832, in 7 st. of 

4 L into the Amer. Bap. Praise Bk., 1871, No. 
1072, with the omission of at. ii., iii., and vii. 

ffl. Ihis world's a dreary wilderness. Christ, 
the Befuge. Included in hie Hymns, &c, 1817, 
No. 100, in b St. of 4 1. In the Amer. Bap. Hy. 
[e? Tune'] Bk., Phila., 1871, No. 515.st. i. and v., 
with the addition of another stansa as No. ii., 
are given as " This world would be a wilderness." 

(>. Wait, my lonl, thy IAu>i will. Wis- 
dom of God. Given in the 1st ed. of Rippon's 
Bel., 1787, No. 11, in 4 st. of 4 1., and ia Bed- 
dome's Hymns, &c, 1817. No. 18, and headed in 
each instance, "The Wisdom of God." In the 
American collections it is usually abbreviated by 
the omission of st. iv., as in the Bap. Praise Bk,, 
N. Y,, 1871, No. 153, or St. iii. and iv., and 
slightly altered, as in Longfellow and Johnson's 
Hy*. of the Spirit, Boston, 1864, No. 454. 

60. When Adam sinned, through all his race. 
The Fait. From his Hymns, etc., 1817, No. 260, 
in 6 st. of 4 1., into the American Church Pas- 
torals, Boston, 1864, No. 750, with the omission 
of st. ii. and iv. 

61. When by the tempter's wiles betrayed. The 
Fall. No. 122 in Rippon's Sel., 1787, and No. 
26 1 in Beddome's Hymns, Asfc, 1817, in 5 st. of 4 1. 

SI. When Israel through the desert passed. 
Light shining in darkness. Contributed to the 
Bristol Colt, of Ash & Evans, 1760, No. 80, in 

5 st of 4 I. and headed, "The Excellency of the 
Divine Word." It was repeated in Kippon's 
Set, 1787, No. 44, and in Beddome's Hymns, &c., 
1817, No. 679. 

tl. When storm* hang o'er the Christian's head. 
6od our Befuge. Also in the Bristol Coll., 1769, 
No. 406, in 4 st. of 4 1., and in Beddome's Hymns, 
1817, No. 323. This hymn is sometimes given 
as " When storms hang o'er my head " ; and as 
" When storms hang o'er the children's heads." 

44. Where'er the blustering; north»wind blows. 
Missions. Given in the 10th ed, of Rippon's 
Set., 180O, No. 420, pt. ii., in 3 St. of 4 i., and 
in Beddome's Hymns, &c., 1817, No. 701. In 
Kippon'a Sel., st. iii. is altered from UedJome's vs. 

81. Why, my soul, why weepest thou 1 Tin 
Spiritual Mourner. Contributed to the Bristol 
Call, of Ash & Evans, 1769, No. 221, in 3 st. of 
4 1., and repeated in Rippon's Set., 1787, No. 274, 
and in Beddome's Hymns, &c, 1817, No. 520. 

BS. Witness, ye men and angels now. J'oining 
the Church. From his Hymns, &c, 1817, No. 
647, in 4 st. of i 1., into the Bap. Ps. $ Hymns, 
1858, No. 710, unaltered. 

87. Ye trembling sonli, dismiss yenr fears. 
Trust. Pub. in Rippon's Sal., 1787, No. 288, in 

6 st. of 4 1., and in Beddome's Hymns, &c, 1817, 
No. 549, with the omission of St. vi. The omission 
of that stanza would soem to indicate that it was 
added to the original hymn by Dr. Rippon. In 
Windle's Coll., No. 443, Rippon's test is repeated, 
with the omission'of st. ii. 

88. To worlds of light that roll so near, Christ, 
the Morning Star. Contributed to the Bristol 



BEDE, TENEBABLE 

Coll. of Ash & Evans, 1769, No. 112, in 5 st. of 4 1., 
and in Rippon's Set., 1787, No. 160, in each case 
with st. iv. bracketed for omission. In Beddome's 
Hymns, La., 1817, No. 107, this stanza, which is 
specially adapted to the Epiphany, is omitted. 

88. Tonr work, ye aiinta, ii not comprised. Adult 
Holy Baptism. From his Hymns, &c, 1817, 
No. 632, in 6 st. of 4 1. into the 27th ed. of 
Bippon's Set., 1827, No. 470, pt. ii., and thence 
to later collections. 

Beddome is thus seen to be in C. U. to the 
extent of about 100 hymns. In this respect 
he exceeds every other Baptist hymn-writer ; 
Mis* Steele ranking' second. 

The authorities for Beddome's hymns are : (1) -** CeU. 
of Hymn* adapted to Public Worship, Bristol, W. tine, 
1769, the Ooll. of Ash k Evans; (2) Dr. Rippon's Set. list, 
and later editions ; (3) Sfcrmon* printed Jhm theJtcmu- 
tcripts of tfte tate Rtn. Benjamin Beddome, M.A., . . .with 
brief Memoir of the Author, Dunstable b Lend., 1805- 
1819; [«)Dr, Itipptrti'e Baptist Kegitttf, lTBS, *e.i (*) 
The Beddome uea. in tlio ttsptiet CVllcge, Bristol ; («)and 
Hymns adapted to Public Worship, of tvmity Devotion, 
new first published, from Jfanurcrtpti of the late Hev. B. 
Beddome, AJf. With a Recommendatory Preface by 
the lien. Ii. Sail, A.M. Lond., 1811. In his Preface, 
Mr, Hall gives this account of the Beddome Mes. :-■ 
11 The present Editor was entrusted several years ago 
with the uss., both in prose and verse, with permission 
from the late Messrs. B. & B. Beddome, sons of the 
Autbor, to publish such parts of them as he miglit 
deem proper. He is also indebted to a descendant of 
the Rev, w. Christian, formerly pastor of the Baptist 
Church at Sheepshead, Leicestershire, for some of the 
Author's valuable hymns, which had been carefully 
preserved in the iamtly. From both these sources, as 
well as others of less consequence, the present interest- 
ing volume has been derived," [J. J,] 

Beds, Beda, or Baeda, the Vener- 
able. This eminent and early scholar, gram- 
marian, philosopher, poet, biographer, histo- 
rian, and divine, was 6. in 673, neat the place 
where, shortly afterwards, Benedict Biscop 
founded the sister monasteries of Wearmoutn 
and Jarrow, on an estate conferred upon him 
by Ecgfrith, or Ecgfrid, king of Northumbrin, 
possibly, aa tlie Eev. 8. Baring-Gould, Live* 
of the Saints (May), p. 399, suggest*, " in the 
parish of Monkton, which appears to hare 
been one of the earliest endowments of the 
monastery." His education was carried on at 
one or other of the monasteries under the care 
of Benediot Biscop until his death, and then 
of Ceolfritb, Benedict's successor, to such effect 
thatat the corlyageofnineteen he was deemed 
worthy, far his learning and piety's sake, to be 
ordained deacon by St John of Beverley, who 
was then bishop of Hexham, in 691 or G92. 
From the same prelate he received priest's 
orders ten years afterwords, in ot about 702. 
The whole of liis after-life ho spent in study, 
dividing his time between the two monasteries, 
which were the only home lie was ever to 
know, and in one of which (that of Jarrow) 
he died on May 26th, 735, and whero his 
remains reposed until the 11th century, when 
they were removed to Durham* and re-interred 
in tho same coffin aa those of St. Cuthbeit, 
where thoy were discovered in HOI. 

It is unnecessary here to enter at further 
length into the details of Bale's quiet if labo- 
rious life, as the reader will find an exhaustive 
account of them by Bishop Stubhs of Ohestor, 
in Smith and Wace'a lMct. of Christian Biog., 
vol. i. pp. 800-301. It would be stilt more 
out of place in u work of this kind to discuss 
his writing.-! generally. Ho was a voluminous. 



BEDE, VENERABLE 

author upon almost every subject, and as an 
historian Lis contribution to English history 
in the shape of his Miliaria Eodetiatliea is 
invaluable. Bnt it is with him as a hymnisl 
that we bare to do here. 

I. In the list of his works, which Bede 
raves at the end of his Ecclesiastical HUtory, 
he enumerates a Liber Hymnorttm, containing 
hymns in " several sorts of metre or rhyme.'' 
The extant editions of this work are : — 

(1) Edited by Qwsundtr, sod published it Cologne, 
1W6; C2)lnWeni»dorf , si'o«toeLa(.ifi».,vol. II. pp.239- 

II. Bede's contributions to the stores of 
hymnology were not large, consisting prin- 
cipally ofll or at most 12 hymns ; his author- 
ship of some of these oven is questioned by 
many good authorities, such as Koch, vol, i 
p. 79. Daniel, however, in vol. i. pp. 201- 
203, claims the following as having been 
written by Bede, on the authority of Caiiander, 
EUinger, Thomaxiun, Bambaeh, and others. 

I. "Hymnum conamue aioriae" (Attention'). This 
floe hymn is found in (be York Hymnal, and was 
therefore in use in the services of the Church. 3. 
« Adeste Christl vocibus " (Nativity ef B. V. At.). 3. 
" Apostolorum glorias " (S& Peter and Pauly. 4. 
"Emltte Christi Splrltua" (Pentecott). ». "Hymnum 
canentca martyrum" (Ins Holy Innocenti). fi, u II. 
lu*it alma sacculjs " {St. Affnct). T. " Nunc Andrew 
solemnis " (St. Andrew). 8. " Praeceesor slmus gnv 
tiae" (Beheading qf St. John Baptiit). 0. " 1'necursor 
altos lumlnls" (St. John the Baptitt). 10. "Primo 
Deus ooeli globum" (^mn on the Creation), a long 
hymn of 11« lines. II. "Solve, tropwntn glorlae" 
(St. Andrew'* Addrett to hit Crou). To these Jfont, 
vol. U p. JtS>l, adds, 12. " Ave eaeer Christi sanguis" 
(On ike JReeation of the Chalice\ as claimed for Bede, 
bnt disallows tbe claim, and assigns n very late date to 
It. Of tbeae Nos. 1 to ID ate referred to In Daniel, i., 
dxxiL-clxxxll. ; No. S in XGnifftfcbl, with (r, into 
German ; and No. 11, with words of marked commenda- 
tion, tn Trench, 3rd. ed. p. 219. Details of the (r*. of 
Nos. l, 6, 9, 10 are given under their respective first 
latin lines. 

While we cannot look for the refined and 
mellifluous beauty of later Latin liymnists in 
the works of one who, like the Venerable Bede, 
lived in the infancy of ecclesiastical poetry ; 
and while we must acknowledge tho loss that 
such poetry sustains by the absence of rhyme 
from so many of the hymns, and the pre- 
sence in some of what Dr. Neale calls such 
"frigid conceits "as the epanalepsls (as gram- 
marians terai it) where the first line of each 
stanza, as in "Hymnum oonentes Martyruin," 
is repeated as the last ; still the hymns with 
which we are dealing are not without their 
peculiar attractions. They are full of Scrip- 
ture, and Bede was very land of introducing 
the actual words of Scripture as port of bis 
own composition, and often with great effect. 
Neale notes two instances : — 

(1) In " Hymnum canentes Martyruiu " — 
u Qui semlnant in lacrymia, 
Lcmgo nietent In gaudlo." 
and (2) in " Hymnum ennanms gloria* — 
"Mtrataadhuccoeleatium 
Rogavlt aula dvlqm. 
Outs, inqnit, est Rex Glorlae r 
Rex lste tarn landabills," 

That Bede was not free from the supersti- 
tion of his time is certain, not only from his 
prose writings, but from such poems as his ele- 
giac " Hymn on Virginity," written in praise 
and honour of Queen Etheldrida. the wife of 
King Ecgfrith, nnd inserted in his EccUtim- 
tieal History, bk. iv., cap, xx. ' [D, S. W.J 



BEFIEHL DTJ DEIME 



12fi 



Beecher, Charles, s. of the well-known 
Dr. Lyman Becchor, whose autobiography he 
chiefly edited, and hrothcr of Henry Ward 
Bceeher.wosb. at Litchfield, Connecticut, 1815. 
Mr, Beechcr was for some time a Congrega- 
tional pastor at Georgetown, Mass. He has 
pub. Eetoiew of Spiritual Manifestations, 1853; 
Pen Picture* of the Bible, 1855, && His 
hymns were contributed to his brother's Ply- 
mouth Collection, 1855, and include: — 

1. There'* rest la tbe grave. Heaven. 

0, We are on oar journey home, Jlcarcn. 

The latter is in the more extensive use, bnt 
both are unknown to the English collections. 

[F. M, B.] 

Beflehl du delne Wege. P. Gerhardl. 
[Trust in God.'] This hymn, which Laux- 
mann in Koch, viii. 392, calls " Tiie most com- 
forting of all the hymns that have resounded 
on Paulus Gerhnrdt's golden lyre, sweeter to 
many souls than honey and the honey-comb," 
appeared as No. 833 in the Frankfurt ed., 1656, 
of auger's Praxis yietatis melica. Thence 
in Wackernagel's ed. of his GeisUiche lAeder, 
No. 66, and Bachmann's ed., No. 72, in 12 st. 
of S Mate, and included as No. 620 in tho 
Unv. L. S., 1851. It is an acrostic on Luther's 
version of Pa. xxxvii, 5, " Beflehl dem Herren 
deino Wege und hoffe auf ihn, cr wirds nohl 
moclien," formed by thu initial words of tho 
stanzas, those in Wyckernagel's ed. being 

C" itcd in blacker type. Tltis acrostic form 
been preserved by Jacohi and Sttillybras*. 

According to tradition It was written in a Saxon 
village to console his wife after being compelled to leave 
Berlin. But,asalrcadyslated, the hymn was pub, in 
1G5S, and though Gerhardl hud to leave bis office tn 
160ft, be did not leave Berlin till his appointment to 
LUubcn in 1W9. while his wife died in Berlin in 1648. 

The hymn soon spread over Germany, found its way 
Into all the hymn-books, and ranks as one of tbe finest 
hymns of Its class. L&uzmann relates that It was 
flung when tbe foundation stone of tbe first Lutheran 
church at Philadelphia was laid, Hay 2, 1T1S, and again 
en Oct. 20, when the Father of the American Lutheran 
Church, Helnrlch Melcbior Muhlenberg;, held the opening 
service. He also relates that Queen Luiae of Russia, 
during the time when Gumiany was downtrodden by 
Napoleon J,, came to Ortelshurg in East Prussia, awt 
there, on Dec. 6, 180G, wrote in her dliiry the verses of 
Goethe (WUIusIm Jfristtr, Bh. 11, Chap. xiiL), thus 
icndered by Thomas Carlyle;— 

Who never ate his bread in sorrow, 

Who never spent the darksome hours 

Weeping and watching for the morrow, 

He knows ye not, ye gloomy Powers. 

To earth, this weary earth, ye bring us. 

To guilt ye let us heedless go. 
Then leave repentance fierce to wring us : 
A moment's guilt, an age of woe ! 

But drying her tears she went to the harpsichord, and 
from Goethe turned to Gcrhardt, and played and sang 
this hymn. In bis note, extending ftom p. MS to 
p. 405, Latamann gives many other instances of its 
consoling effects, and says of it, " Truly a hymn 
which, ns Lnther's ' Ein feste Burg,' Is surrounded by 
a cloud of witnesses." 

Translations in C. U. : — 

Commit then all thy griefs. A noble but free 
tr., omitting st. v., ix.-ii., by J. Wesley in H. 
and Saa-ed Poena, 173fl (P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. i. p. 135), in 8 St. of 8 1. Though free, 
it has in far greater measure than aay other 
caught the ring and spirit of Gerhartt. Included 
as No. 37 in the -ff. and Bpir. Songs, 1753, andas 
Nos. 103-104 in the Ptx&et H. Bk., 1785, but 
not included in the Wbt. H. Bk., till ns Nos, 673, 



126 



BEFIEHL DU DEINE 



674 in the Supplement of 1S30 (st. iii. t 11. 4-8, 
being omitted), and thence as No. 631 in the oil. 
of 1875. This tr. has come into very extended 
use, but generally abridged; Mercer, In the 
1857 ad. of his C. P. and H. Bk,, giving it in 
full, but abridging it to 8 at. in hisOi.ed., 1364, 
Among recent collections it is found under its 
original first line in the Bapt. Ps. andHys., 1858, 
Sanaa H, 1868, Irish Ch. Hymnal, 1873, Scot- 
tish Presb. Hymnal, 1876, Horder*s Cong. Hys., 
1884, and others ; and in America in the Ply- 
mouth Coll., 1855, Sabbath H. St., 1858, H. and 
Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874, Evang. Hymnal, 
N. Y., 1880, and many others. In the United 
Presb. H. Hi., 1852, it began, " To God commit 
*hy griefs." It is also found as follows : — 

1. " Thon onlhe Lord rely " (Wesley's iii.), In Knight's 
all., Dundee, 1871-14. 

1. " Thy everlasting truth " (Wesley's v.), In Adams's 
C*. Pastorals, Boston, U.S., JB6*. 

3. "Give to the winds thy fears" (Wesley's ix.l, in 
Kennedy, 1863, and many English and American Colls, 

4. " cast away thy fears " (Wesley's ix. altered), 
in Crtited Preib. H. Bk„ 1863. 

6, " Through wavesand clouds and storms " (Wesley's 
X.), in Davlea and Baxter's Coll., 183a. 

6. " Leave to His sovereign sway " (Wesley's xiii.), 
in Adams's Cfc. Pastorals, Boston, U.S., 1864. 

T. " Thon aeest our weakness, Lord " (Wesley's jcv.), 
in Amsr. Methodist Episcopal ttymnt, ibis. 

a. *• Put thou thy trust In God,'' a gieatly altered cento 
of which st. 1. is based on lit-, 11. 1-4 ; ii. on i., 11. 1-4 [ 
iii. on Hi., 11. 1-4; and Jv. on v., 11. 6-8; appeared as 
No, 11 in the Mibrt K. Bk., 1836, and eince in various 
hymnals, e.g. S.P.CK, ft. and Hys., 1893, Kfnntiy, 1863. 

5. Commit thy -way, ooondinf, In full by Dr. 
H, Mills in the Eeantj. Review, Gettysburg, July, 
1849, and his Harae Get-., 1856, p. 172. His st. 
i., ii., vi., iii. were included in the Lntheian 
General Synod's Hymns, 1852, and i., ii., v., vi., 
iL, iii. in the Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1880, 

1. Thy my and all thy sorrows. In full by A. 
T. Rusiell as No. 333 in his Pi. and Hys., 1851, 
iu 3 pts. Pt. ii. begins "In vain the powers of 
darkness" (st. v.), and pt. iii. with "Awhile His 
consolation" (st. «.). 

*. Commit thy-way to Odd. A good <)'., omitting 
St. ix., i., xii., by Mrs. Charles in her Voice of 
Christian Life in Sony, 1858, p. 239. Her tn. 
of st. i., ii-, vi., viii., ii. form No. 138 in Jellicoe's 
Coll., 1867, and i., vi.-viii., si., No. 283 in Bp. 
Kyle's Coll., 1860. 

I. Commit thy way, weeper. A free para- 
phrase, in 6 st. of 4 1., by J. & StoLiybrass for 
the Tonic-Solfa Reporter, July, 1857, repeated in 
Curwen's Child's Own H. Bk., 1862, und new 
Child's 0<zn H. Bk., 1874. 

6. Commit thou every sorrow, And can. Tr. of 
st. i.-iii., xii. by Miss Borthwick, as No. 240 in 
Dr. Pagenatecher's Coll., 1864. 

Translation* net in 0. TJ. i — 
(1) " Commit thy Ways and Goings," by J. C. Jacobi, 
ma, p. 16 (17M, p. 3D, 1TW, p. S3), (i) "Commit 
thou thy each grievance," No. 472, in pt. L. of the 
■Jfcrttnwi 11. Bk. 1154 (1849, So. 191). (3) "Com- 
mit thy ways, thy sorrows," by Mrs. Stanley Carr 
in ber tr. of WildenhaAn's Pavi Gerhardt, 181a (ed, 
JflSS. p, SOI). (4) "Commit thv secret grief," by 
Mia i*itm, L857, p. Si. (5) "Commend tby way, 
tiiortaV in Madame de l*ontea's I'oets and Poetry ^Ger- 
many, lti6a,vol. i.,p. 434. (a) "Commit thou all thy 
way*s and ail," by Mrt. Be van, 1859, p. 124. (T) "Com- 
mit tby way unto the Lord, thy heavy," by Dr. R. P. 
Dunn in Saercd Lyrics from the German, Phil. 18B9, p. OS. 
(S) " To God thy way commending," by Mitt Cox, 1 864, 
p. hi, and the Oilman-Schaff, Lib. of Bel. Poetry, ed. 
19tW, p. 610. (»)" Commit whatever grieves thee," by 
3. Kelly, 1B9T, p. 226. (10) "Commit thy way. Oweep- 
ing," by Dr. J. Outhrlo In his Sacral t.yriet, 1SS9, p. 91. 
(U)" Commit tbewny before thee," by X. L, Frothing- 



BEHM, MARTIN 

ham, 1810, p. 164. (12) " Commit thy course and keep- 
ing," by Br. John Otinu, c. 1856, but 1st pub. Edin. 
1881, as an eight-page imct. rj. JI_] 

Begin, my tongue [soul], some hea- 
venly theme, I. Watte. [Faithfulness of 
God.] 1st pub. in his Hys. and 8. Songs, 
1707 (2nd ed., 1709, Bk. ii., No. 169), in 3 at. 
of 4 1„ and entitled "The faithfulness of 
God in His promiaeH," In 1776, Toplady in- 
cluded it, in an altered and abbreviated form, 
in his Pt. and Hymns, No. 388, as "Begin, 
my soul, some heavenly theme." This form 
of the hymn has been repeated in many col- 
lections, sometimes verbatim from Toplady, 
and again, with further alterations, as in tho 
Wes. H. Bh., 1830, and revised ed., 1973. lis 
use in America, usually abbreviated, is much 
more extensive than in Q. Britain. 

Behm, Martin, s. of Hans Behm [Biihme, 
Boehm, Behemb, Behem, BBheim, Bohemus or 
Bohemius], town-overseer of Laubnn in Silesia, 
was b. at Lauban, Sept 16, 1557. During a 
protracted famine, 1574, Dr. Paul Fabricius, 
roynl physician at Vienna, a dtstaut kinsman, 
took him to Vienna, where he acted as a private 
tutor for two years, and then went to StntSB- 
burg, where, from Johann Sturm, Rector of the 
newly founded University, he received much 
kindness. Returning home at hia mother's 
request after his father's death, Mpy, 1580, he 
was, at Easter, 1581, appointed nsststunt iu 
the Town School, and on Sept. 20, ordained 
dioconus of the Holy Trinity Church. After 
his senior hud been promoted to Breslon the 
Town Council kept the pest nominally vacant 
for two years, and then, in June, 1586, ap- 
pointed Behm chief pastor. For 36 years ho 
held this post, renowned as a preacher, as a 
faithful paslor in times of trouble (famine 
1590, pestilence 1613, war 1619), and as a 
prolific author. After preaciiing on the tenth 
Sunday after Trinity, 1621, he was seized with 
illness, and after he had lain for twenty-four 
weeks on a sick bet), there was minitttred to 
him, on Feb. 5, 1622, the abundant entrance 
of whioh he sings in his hymn, " O Jesu Christ, 
meins Ijcbensticht " (Koch, ii. 227-231; Attg. 
Deutsche Biog.,iL 282). 

llo was one of the best hymn- writers of his time. 
Ills hymns are true and deep in feeling, dwelling spe- 
cially on the Fasslon of Our fiord. They speedily passed 
into the liymn-books. and long held their place therein. 
Of about 480 hymns which he composed, the most impor- 
tant appeared in his ;— * 

(1) Cfenfiw-ia precatimuni rtyWrntearum, Witten- 
berg, 1606 (2nd ed., 1611). 

(2) Centuria jecunda precationum rhythmic&ruM, 
Wittenberg, 1608 (and ed., 1611). 

(a) Ctnluria precatianum rhythnicarTtjA, Wittfn- 
ber^, 1616 (complete ed. of the Three Centuries, 
Jena and Breslau, 1698). A selection of 79 Hymns, 
ed., wkh an introduction, by W. Nuideke, appeared ut 
Halle in 1BST. 

Four of his hymns have been tr. into 
English, three being in English C. U. : — 

{. HiiHga DnifiJtifkrit, [iforatnj.] 1st 
pub. in his Kriegesman, Leipzig, 1593, in 7 st. of 
unequal length, repeated in 1608, as above, in 
8 st. of 4 1, Both forms are in Wacherntxgcl, v. 
p. 197 ; and the second in NSIdcke, 1857, p. 53 ; 
and, omitting st. vi.-viii., as No. 1126 in tho 
Berlin G. L. S., ed. 1863. In 1593 it was en- 
titled " The ancient Sancta Trinitas at adoraocta 
(Jnitas in German j " but it is rather a versifica- 
tion of the Prayer for Wednesday eronine in 



BEHME, DAVID 

J. Habermann'a Gebet Buck (Wittenberg, 1587), 
The trs. in C. U., bqtb of the second form, Wre ! — 

1, Thro neat Holy Trinity. A very good tr, 
of st. i., iii.-v., by A T. Russell, as No. 2 in his 
Pa. and Hys., 1851, and thence in JTeniieify, 1863, 
and Dr. Thomas's Ju^usdiw H. Bk^ 186$. 

I, holy, Mossed Trinity, Divine, A good tr. of 
st. i.-v. by Dr. C. H. L. Schuette, as No. 295 in 
the Ohio Lath. Hymnal, 1880. 

S, holy, holy, holy Three, by ff. J. BvtekoH, 
1842, p. 21. 

ii. Jean Ohiist, melns X>*ben* Ileht, [for (is 
Ztyino:.] His finest hymn, lstpub. inacollention 
entitled Chriitliche (Jebet, 1610, and then in his 
Ze/ien Sterbegebet, appended to his Ontario te- 
ettnda, 1611 (see above), in 14 st. of 4 1., entitled 
" Prayer for a happy journey home, founded upon 
the sufferings of Christ," Thence in Wacher- 
nagel, v, p. 235, Ndtdekt, 1857, p. 79, nnd the 
Unv. L. &, 1851, No. 835. The tn. in C. U. 
are: — 

1. £s«l Jesus Ohriat, my Life, ray light, Avery 
good tr. by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Oct., 
2nd Series, 1858, p. 213, st. v., i, being omitted 
and viii., ix. combined as one st. In her C. B. 
far England, 1863, No. 190, she omitted her st. 
v., vi., and united her st. iv., vii. as iv. This tr, 
is included more or less abridged in Wilson's 
Service of Praise, 1865, and in America in the 
Bapt. H. Bk., Phil., 1871, the Meth. Epis. Hymnal, 
1878,*snd the Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1880, &c 

1. Lord Jesua Oludsti my soul's desire. A good 
and full tr. by Dr. John Eer in the Jim. Miss, 
Mag. of the EJ. P. Church, May, 1858, p. 25. 
St. i., iii , v., vii. form No. 49 in the Ibrox 
Hymnal, 1871. 

O&er tn. ore : — 

(l) " Lord Jesu, fountain of my life." by Jl C. Jacabi, 
ltJS, p. 62 (i>32. p. IBB), and repested in the Moravian 
hymn-books combined in 1928 with J. Cennick'a 
"Though I'm in body mil of pain." (1) " Jesu, my 
light and sure defence," as No. 54 in the J&ravittn ff. 
BIc., IMS. (3) "0 Jem, life-light of my way," by 
Mia Warner, 18S8 (cd. IStSl.p. 1T6). 

iii. KBnig slier Earen. [Epiphany.] Founded 
on St. Matthew ii., and 1st pub. 1606 as above, 
in 6 st. of 8 1. Thence in Waciernagel, v. p. 210, 
SBldete, 1857, p. 31, and the Urn. L. S., 1851, 
Jfo. 79. The Irs. in C. U. are :— 

1. Xing of Glory, Sand 1 * Sen. A donble 
c M. version of at. i., ii., v., vi. by Miss Wink' 
worth in her Lyra Oe>\, 2nd Series, 1858, p. 20, 
and thence in Dr. Pagenstecher's Coll. t 1864, 
No. 33. Her 2nd tr. :-~ 

I. I«d, King of Glory, No. 37 in her C. B. 
for England, 1863, is the above version rewritten 
to the original metre. In the Ohio Lath. Hyl., 
1880, No, 54, with trs. of at. iii., iv. added. 

it. Ssawslt Sott Titer nnd OottBohn. [Morning 
JVaysr.j 1st pub. 1608 as above, in 11 St., and 
thence in Wackernagtt, r. p. 215, in NSldekc, 
1857, p. 51, Tr. as "O God Almighty, Father, 
Son," by H. J. Backdl, 1842, p. 15. [J. M. 

Behme, David, b. April 2, 1605, at 
Bernstadt, in Silesia, became, 1630, Ooort 
preacher to Duke Heinrich Wonzel of Mfln- 
sterberg, and pastor of Vielguth near Bern- 
stadt In 1638 became pastor of his native 
town, preacher to the court of Oela, and a 
member of the Consistory. There he remained 
aa a faithful nnd exemplary paator till his 
death, Feb. 9, 1G57 (KoA, ill 56-57; Allg. 



BEHOLD MY SERVANT 127 

Deutsche Biog., ii, 284). MUtzell, 1858, in- 
cludes six hymns under his name, Nob. 300' 
305. One has been tr. into English. 

Hew nan laa* in Fried*. rpar at Dying.} Founded 
on the Jftmc Dimittit, let appeared in the Btb ed., Br»- 
lau, c. 1663, of the VotlitSHdiffe JfireAm wui flaw 
Mvtie, p. 962, in ID st. In MUtttU, 1898, No. 301 « 
a hymn on the festival of the PnrlScatton of the Vintbi 
Maiy. It is tr. as, • Lord, now let Thy servant," by 
Miss Winkworth, IMS, p. SIS. [J, jfl 

Behold, a stranger at the door. J. 
Grigg. [Expostulation.] Thts is one of Four 
Hymns an iSitrc'ns Subjects, Ac, 1765, in 11 st 
of 4 1., ft second being the well-known '' Jesus, 
and shall it ever be ? " (q. y,). It came into 
congregational use at an early ante, but usually 
in an abbreviated form. Both in G. Britain, 
and in America, various arrangements of the 
text are given in collections in O. U. The full 
original text woe reprinted in D. Sedgwick's 
ed. of Urigg's Hymns, io., 1861. It is also 
found in Lord Selborne'a Bk. of Praise, 1868, 
and in Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 251. 

Behold 1 how glorious is yon sky. 

[Eternal Life.] This hymn, in 2 st, is No. 749 
in the N. Cong., 1859, and No. 611 in Dr. Alton's 
Cong. Pialmist Hyl., 1886. It has evidently 
been written for or adapted to the fine 
German ohorale, "Wie schon leucbtet dec 
Morgenstern " (see JTieolal, P.). But not one 
single line can be said to be tr. either from 
(he hymn of Niooloi, or from the recast of 
Nicolai's hyuin made by J. A. Scblegel (q.v.) : 
and it must rank as an anonymous Englbth 
hymn. 

Behold, how good a thing it la, And 
how, && [P. cxxxiU.] Prom the Scotttih 
Psalter, 1650, into Spurgcon's O. O. H. Bk^ 
1866, No. 133. In the American Presb. Hym- 
nal, Phila., 1874, No. 593, it is altered to 
"Behold, how good and pleasant," &c. In 
this form it is also in other American col- 
lections. 

Behold my Servant! Bee Him rise. 

[Christ (he Ambassador.] This Paraphrase, 
the author of which is unknown, first ap- 
peared in the Draft Scottish Translations and 
Paraphrases, in 1745, as No. v., on Is, ilii. 
1-13, in 13 st, of 4 L The opening sts. are : — 

1, "Behold my Servant! nee him rise 

exalted in my Might : 
Him b*ve 1 choeen, and In lrim 
1 place supreme Delight." 

2. "In rich Effusion, on his Soul, 

tny SpLrit'a IWere shall flew: 
He'll to the Gentllea, and the laiea. 
my Truths and Jiidgmenta show.' 

The paraphrase extended in this strata to 
13 st., some of which are exceedingly good, 
but the whole is too extensive to quote. 

ii. In 1781 John Logan published a volume 
of Poems, p. 108, No. 6, in which were several 
hymns and paraphrases, including one based 
upon the above, in 16 st., and opening thus: — 
H Heboid J the Ambassador divine. 
Descending from above. 
To publish to mankind the law 
Of everlasting love I 
" On Him tn rich effusion poarM 
The heavenly dew deaoeniU ; 
And truth divine He ehall reveal 
To earth'a remotest ends." 

We have given reasons elsewhere for hold- 
ing that this rewritten version of the 1745 



128 BEHOLD MY SERVANT 

paraphrase is the work of M. Bruce (q. v.). 
The full text is in Dr. Grosart's Work* of 
Michael Bruce, 1885, pp. 140-141. 

iii. Daring tbe same year that Logan 
published his Poems, i.e. 1781, the new and 
revised edition of the Scottish Translations 
and Paraphrases was also published. Of this 
edition J. Logan was one of the revising aud 
editing committee. In this work this hymn 
is included in a third form, in which vre hare 
15 st. of i 1. Of these 60 lines, 22 full lines 
and 7, partly so, are from the 1715 Trans. <t 
Par. ; 16 fall lines, and 5 partly so, from Bruce 
of 1781, the rest being new. The hymn thns 
presents one of the most peculiar pieces of 
patchwork with which we are acquainted. As 
an illustration of the way in which a man can 
build up for himself a reputation out of the 
works of others, and live on that reputation, as 
J. Logan has done for nearly a century, we givo 
this cento in full, printing the 1745 text in 
small capitals: Bruoe's text of 1761, as 
printed in Logan's Poem*, in Italics ; and the 
new matter in ordinary Roman type. 
".ixiii. Isaiah jtlii. 1-1S. 

I. BEEIOLD KT SERVANT I SEE HIM BIBB 

EXALTED IN UT HIGHT 1 
HOC HAVE I CHOSEN, AfcD IN HW 
I PLACE BL'FKBWK HELIQHT, 

s. c« him, in rich effusion pour'd, 
ux St'iiuT sbalfdescend ; 
My truths and judgments lie sball show 
to earth's remotest end. 
3. Gentle and still shall be ma toice, 
no tuueats frow jim f rocbep, 
tne skok1rc jlax he shall kot quencn, 
Nob break the bauised reed. 
i. The feeble spark to flames he'll raise; 

THE WEAK will KOT DESMBSj 
JUDGUEKT HE SHALL BRING FORTH TO TRUTH, 
AMD HAKE THE FALLEX RISE. 

fi. The progress of bis teal and power 
atoll never know decline, 
TiH foreign lands and distant teles 
receive the lavt divine. 
B. He who erected heav'n's bright arch 
and bade the planets roll, 
Who peopled all tbe climes of earth, 
anaform'd the hitman soul. 
1. Thus s&ith the Lord; Thes hats Ihais'h, 
vy Profhet thee install; 
Ik Kionr I've rsis'd thee, and in strength 

I'LL SGCCOITR WHOM I CALL. 

fl. I will establish with the lakds 
a covenant In thee, 
To give the Gentile nations light, 
AKn set the pkis'neks fesk : 
0. Asunder buret tbe gates or brass ; 
the iron fetter* fall ; 
And gladsome ligbt and liberty 
are straight restor'dto all. 

10. I AM THE LenO, AND Br MX SAKE 

Of great Jehotah kkowh ; 

A'o idol shall usurp my praise, 

Noe mohxt into Jtr throse. 

II. LOI ltiHJIER SCENES, rilEDICTED ONCE, 

CONSPICUOUS RISE TO VIEW ; 

And fittujle scenes, predicted, now, 

SHALL BE AOCOKFUSH'd TOO.' 

13, 5ikg to the Lord in Joyful strains 1 

LIT EAKTH HIS PRAISE EESODKD, 

Te who utoh the OCEAK DWELL, 

AND FILL THE ISLES AEOUffD I 

13. cityef the Lord '. begin 

the universal song ; 
And let the scattee'd villages 

the cheerful notes prolong. 
I*. Let Kedar's uttdcrnest afar 



lift up its lonetv voice 
Andlet " ' ' - 



I let the tenant' •>/ the rock 
with accent* rude rejoice. 
15, Till 'midst the streams of distant lands 
tbe islands sound hit praise ; 
A ad all cokbin'd, with one accord-, 
Jehovah's olories raise | " 



BEHOLD THE GLORIES 

iv. William Cnmeion (q. v.), a member of 
the Committee with Logan, in his list, of 
authors and revisers of the 1781 Translations 
and Paraphrases, a copy of which has been 
preserved, gives to Logan the credit of com- 
piling this cento. It has been in authorized 
use in the Church of Scotland for 100 years, 
hut is rarely found elsewhere. It must bo 
ilesignateJ, "Scottish Tr. * Par. 1743; JB. 
Bruce, 1764, printed in J. Lagan's Poems, 
1781 : J. Logan, 1781." 

v. A cento, partly from the Tr. <t Par. text 
above of 1781, and partly from that of 1745, 
was given in Bickersteth's Christian Psalmody 
in 1833, No. 238, and Miss Leesoii's Par. and 
Hymns, 1853, No. 50, Pt. ii. ; beginning, " Sing 
to the Lord, in joyful strains," but has now 
gone almost altogether out of use. Another 
arrangement direct from the abovo 1781 text, 
st. xii.-xv., "Sing totlie Lord," &c, was given 
in Kemblo's Psotota <fc Hymns, 1853, and has 
been repeated in several collections, 

vi. Another arrangement is: "Behold my 
servant, saith the Lord." It is composed of 
st. i.-iv, with alterations by Miss J. E. Lee- 
son, and was included iu her Par, and Hymns, 
1853, No. 50, Pt. i. Its use is limited. 

vii. In American hymnals, in addition to a 
reprint of most of the foregoing arrangements, 
we have, " Thus saith the Lord, who built the 
heavens," in Belknap's Sacred Poetry ; or, Ps. 
& Hys., 1795, "O city of tlie Lord, begin," 
in the Presb, Church Psalmist, &c, N. Y., 
1847, and others. [J. J.] 

Behold the amazing sight P. hod- 
dridge. [Passionttde'] In the d. mss. this 
hymn is dated "May 8, 1737," and headed 
"The soul attached to a Crucified Saviour, 
from John xii. 32." In 1755, Job Orion in- 
cluded it in his cd, of Doddridge's (post- 
humous) Hymns, Ac, No, 233, in 6 et of 6 1. 
It is repeated in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the 
same, 1839. It is in C. U. both in G. Brit. 
aud America. 

Behold the angel flies. J. Bull. 
[Missions.] This is given in P. Maurice's 
Cnorol H. BJt„ 1861, us "J, B. a—Christ. 
Guard." This wo find, from a ms. memo- 
randum by Dr. Maurice, to be the Rev. John 
BulL Curate of Clipston. The hymn appeared 
in J. Bull's Devotional Hys., Lond., 1827, and 
thence probably passed into the Christian 
Guardian. 

Behold the glories of the Lamb. 
J. Watts. rPrai'Mj 1st pub. in his Hymn*, 
Ate, 1707 (2nd ed„ 1709. Bfe. i., No. 1), in 8 st. 
of 4 h, and entitled, " A New Song to the 
Lamb that was slain." It isa paraphrase of a 
part of Bev. v. Watts's biographers state that 
this was his first hymn, and was written in 1696 
in answer to a challenge that he could not 
produce better hymns than those by W. 
Barton (q. v.) which were sung in the Chapel 
in Southampton whicli he attended, and 
against which he had laid a complaint. In 
the Hymns, &c, st. iv. and v. are bracketed for 
omission if desired, and in the Bap. Ps. & 
Hys,, 1858, and others, this is done. In 
Darling's Hys., 188G, it is given as "How 
great the glory of the Lamb" The use of the 
hymn is extensive, both in G. Britain and 
America. [See Esrlj English Hymnody, § VI. 2.] 



BEHOLD THE LAMB 

In the Draft Scottish Translations and Para- 
phrase* of 1745, a BomewJiat peculiar cento is 
(riven as No. ii. in 12 st. of i 1. It opens with 
wis first stanza, and in thus composed : si i., ii., 
iii., iv. corresponding stanzas from this hvmn ; 
st. v. Watts ; st. vL new ; st. vii. Watts. From 
this point st. viii. to xii. are Wntts's " Come 
let us join our cheerful songs" (q. v.) slightly 
altered. In the authorized issue of the Trans- 
lations and Paraphrases, in 178), there is an- 
other cento, opening again with the same 
stanza, but differing from the Inst. It is Ihus 
composed : st. i., ii., iii., iv. Watts, as above, 
with new alterations; st. v. Walts, " Come let 
us, &c," as altered in 1715; st. vi. Watts; 
vii. Watts altered ; st. viii. Watts, as above ; st. 
ix. from 1715; st x., xL Watts, "Come let 
us, &c," slightly altered. This complicated 
arrangement was made by TK. Cameron (a. v.) 
for the 1781 issue of the TVs., &c, and lias 
been in use in the Church of Scotland for 100 
years. It is also found in a few modern 
hymnals. It was given in the Salixbtiry 
H. Bk., 1857, No. 171, with slight alterations. 
Full recast text in modem copies of the 
Scottish 1'ecdtnt, &c. This, in common with 
the original, is in use in America. From this 
arrangement in iho Trs. <t Paraphs, a cento is 
given in Stevenson's H. for the Church and H. t 
1873, No. 32, as "Hark, how the adoring 
hosts." In Ihis st. i.-iv. and x. are omitted. 

In Miss J. E. Loeson's Par. and Hymns, &c., 
1853, this arrangement of the hymn is given 
with extensive alterations and additions, as 
No, 110 in 12 sL of 4 1. Its use is limited, 
although st ii.-xii. are very fine. [J. J.] 

Behold theliambfofQod.} N.Bridges. 
[Passion(ide.~\ 1st pab. in his Ifymnt of the 
Heart, &c, 1848, in 7 st. of 7 1., and entitled 
"Ecco Agnus Dei." It is found in mnny 
modern collections both in 6. Britain and in 
America, but never in a full and correct 
form. Scarcely two tests can bo found alike, 
whether they begin with the origins! first line, 
or as — " Behold the Lamb of God," as in H. 
A. <t M., Taring, and others. The original 
is also difficult to procure. We give it in full. 
"Behold the Lamb I 



"Behold the Lamb 1 
Oh E Thou for sinners 



Let It not he In vein, 

Tb.it Thou but died : 
Thee for my Saviour let 

mo take, — 
Thee,— Thee alone my re- 
fuge rathe, — 
Ihy pierced elds I 
" Behold the Limb! 
Into the sacred Hood, — 
Of Thy most precious 
blood 
My toul I cut : — 
Wash me and make me 



pun 
Uphold i 



tbio' life's 
changeful scene, 
Till alf be putt 

"Behold the Lamb I 
Archangels, — fold your 

wlnga,— 
Seraphs, — hush all the 
strings 
Of million lyres : 
The Victim, veiTd on earth, 

in love,— 
Uavelrd, — enthrm'd, — 
ador*d above, 
All heaven admires t 



Drop down, ye glorious 

skies,— 
lie dies,— He dies, — He 
dies,— 
For man once lost 1 
Vet lo! He Uvea, — He 

Uvea*— *He lives,— 
And to His church Him- 
self He gives,— 
Incarnate Host 1 
"Behold the Lamb! 
All hall,— Eternal Word t 
Thou Universal I,ora>- 

Purge out our leaven : 
Clothe us with godliness 

and good. 
Feed us with Thy celestial 
food, — 
Manna from heaven J 
"Behold the Lamb! 
Saints, wrapt in bllfisfol 

Sonla, — waiting to he 
blest,— 
Oh J Lord,— how long ! 
Thou Cbutvh on earth, o'er- 
whelm'd with fears, 
StlU in this vale of woe 
and tears 
Swell the fell song. 



BEHOLD, THE MASTEB 129 

" Behold the Lamb i One with the Ancient of ill 

Worthy is He alone,— day*,— . 

Upon the iris throne One with the Paraclete in 

Of God above I praise, — 

AU light— all love ! " 

A comparison of this text with that in any 
collection will show how far alterations may 
have been introduced. In addition to being 
attend, it is usually abbreviated as well. In 
some American collections, including Dr. 
Hatfield's Church H. Bit., 1872, No. 500, a 
hymu is given as— "Archangels! fold your 
wings," and attributed to "Samuel Egerton 
Brjdges, 1820, n," which is really a portion of 
this hjmn rewritten, beginning with line 2 of 
st. iii. as above. [J. J.] 

Behold the Lamb of God, who bore 
thy burdens, &o. T. Ifatceit. [Passion- 
(irfe.] Fiom his Carmina Clirista, &c, 1702. 
No. 5 in 4 st. of 4 1., and based on John i. 2U. 
It is found in a few collections, mid is worthy 
of more extended use. The text of H. Camp., 
although claiming to bo correct, is altered 
in st. i. and iv. and is from Bickcrstclh's 
Christian Psa7mody of ISH'6. 

Behold the lofty eky. I. Watts. [Pa. 
*i».] 1st pub. in hia Psalm* of JMicid, &c, 
171'J, being a paraphrase of the first part of 
Ts. xix., and headed "'The Book of Nature 
and Scripture. For a Lord's-Day Morning." 
It is in 8 st. of 4 1. ; and was given with the 
omifaion of st. vi. in J. Wesley's i'». d> Ifys., 
Clinrlestown, South Carolina, 173G-7, p. 58, 
Tho paraphrase, " Behold the murning sun," 
deals in 8 st, of 4 1. with another aspect of 
the same Psalm, and is given next after the 
above in the Psalms, &o., 1719. Both para- 
phrases;, usually abbreviated, are in C. U., 
the latter specially in America. In Mnrlincau's 
Hymns, 1840 and 1873, the hymn "Behold 
the lefty sky,'' No. 247, is a ocnto from these 
two paraphrases, Et. i., it. being from tho 
fiist, and iii.— vi. from the second. 

Behold, the Master paeaeth by ! [St, 
Matthete 1 * Day."] This is a cento by Jip. W. 
W. How, based upon Bn. Ken's hymn for the 
same day, and first pub. in Charch Hymns, 
1871, No. 183, in G st. of 4 I., and Turing's 
Coll., 1882, No. 510. It is thus composed: — 
St. i.-iii. Original by Bn. How. 
St. iv.-vi. By Bp. How from Bp. Ken, whose 
original stanzas are: — 

Keu.et.xil. "From worldly clogs, Moss'dSIatthew loose, 
Devoted all to sacred use, 
That, Follow Me, Ills ear 
Seem'd every day to hear. 
His utmost seal be strove to bend. 
Towards Jesus* likeness, to ascend. 
„ st xi. " God sweetly calls us every day, 

Why riiould wc then our bliss deky 
He call* to endless light, 
Why should we love the night ? 
Should we one call but duly heed, 
It would to joys eternal lead, 
at. xxiv. " Praise, Lord, to Thee, for Matthew's caU, 
At which he left his wealthy all ; 
At Thy next call may I 
Myself and world deny ; 
Thou, l.ord, even now art calling me, 
I'll now leave sit, and follow Thee," 

Bishop Ken's hymn appeared in hia Hymns 
far all the Festivals of the Year, 1721 (ten 
years after his death) : and again in tho same 
work, repub. as Bishop Ken's Christian Year, 
by Pickering, in 1868, 



130 



BEHOLD THE PATH 



Behold the path that [which] mor- 
tals tread. F.Doddridge. [Journey of Life.'] 
In tho d. wss, this hymn is No. 44, but is 
undated. It was pub. as Ns. 27 in J. Orion's 
ed. of Doddridge's (posthumous) Hymns, &o., 
1755, and again ill J. D. Humphreys's cd. of 
the same, 1839. It is in 7 st. of 4 1., and 
entitled " The Great Journey. Job xvi. 22." 
Its use is chiefly confined to America. 

Behold the Prince of Peace. J. Need- 
ham. [Meekness and Tenderness of Jems,] 1st 
pub. in bis -Hymns, &c, 1768, No. S7, in 7 st. 
of 4 1. The form, however, in which the by inn 
beginning with this first lino is known is a 
cento, thus composed: — at. i.-iti. as nbove; 
st. iv., v., "Jesus t Thou light of men," &c; 
from Needham's " Long had tho nations sat," 
-■.t. v., vi. In this form it is found iu Sir 
Josbh Mason's Orphanage II. Bk Birniing- 
Imuh, 1882, and others. 

Behold the Bedeemer of man. [P«s- 
siontide.] This hymn, in 5 £t. of 4 1., isinltow- 
land Hill's Coll. of JJjis. for Children, &c, 
Lnnd., 1808. It is not in the previous editions 
of 1790 or 1794, mid may possibly he by It. Hill. 
As, however, no authors' names are given in the 
collection, and no further evidence is forthcom- 
ing, its authorship cannot be determined. It 
is found in several modem hymnals for Sunday 
Schools, as in the Leeds 8. S. H. Bk., 1882 to 
1878, No. 49, and others. [W. T. B.] 

Behold the Saviour of mankind. 

Samuel Wesley, sen. [Good Friday.'] Written 
previous to the fire at his Rectory of Epworth, 
which was burnt down in 110$. At this fire 
John Wesley was saved from death by being 
rescued through the bed-room window by 
some of the parishioners. During the fire the 
ma. of this hymn was blown into the Rectory 
garden, where it was subsequently found. It 
was 1st pub. in J. Wesley's Ps.&Hyn., Charles- 
town, South Carolina, 1736-7, p. 46 ; also in 
the Wesley Hymns and Sac Poems, 1739, in 4 
st. of 41. ; and again in the Wet. H.Bk.in 1780, 
revised ed., 1875, No. 22. From that collection 
it has passed into various hymnals both in G. 
Britain and America. The original contains 
6 st. of 4 1. St. ii and v, are usually omitted. 

Behold the Saviour on the cross. 

Cento, 1781. [Passiontide.l 1st appeared^ as 
No. 44 in the Draft Scottish Translation* and 
Paraphrase*, 1781, as a version of John xis. 
30, in 6 st. of cm. It is thus made up: st. i. is 
altered from st. i. and iv., and st. ii. is exactly 
st. v. of Joseph Stennctl's " Behold the Saviour 
of the world " in hiaJL on the Lord's Sapper, 
1705 (ed. 1709, p. 57). Another hymn m that 
collection (ed. 1709, p. G6), " "l'is linished, the 
Redeemer cries," furnishes, in its st i., the 
(•round of st. iii., in its st. iii. of st. v., and in 
its st. v. of st. vi. The remaining st. (st. iv.>ig 
a cento from Charles Wesley's " 'Tis flnish'd, 
the Messias dies" (q. v.). Thus though the 
hymn has generally been ascribed to ''Blair" 
(see BUir, Hugh), as in the markings by tho 
eldest daughter of W. Cameron (q. v.), he can- 
not be regarded as having done more than 
make the cento and rewrite the whole to c m. 
In the public worship ed. of that year issued 
by tho Church of Scotland and still in use, 
it is unaltered. From the 1781 it has passed | 



BEHOLD THE WRETCH 

into a few modern hymnals, as in England, in 
Morrell and How's G»U., 1854, and the Irvingite 
Coll., 1864 ; mid ill America in the Evang. 
Lath. II. lilt. , 1 834, Presbyterian Ps. and Hys., 
1843,and Adumsand Chapiu's Coll.. 184G. In 
Miss Loeeon's Paraphrases and Hymns for 
Cong. Singing, 1853, So. 74, omitting st v., vi. 
In the English Presb. Ps. and Hys., 1867, No. 
484, and Church Praise, 1883, No. 80, st. iii.- 
vi. beginning "'Tis finished! was his latest 
voice" were selected; and 'the same altered 
and beginning "'Tis finished — the Messiah 
cried " in the Free Church H. Bk., 1873, No. 16. 

[J.M.] 
Behold the servant of the Lord. C. 
Wesley. [Submission.'] 1st pub. by J. Wesley 
in Pt. i. of hi* Further Appeal to Men of Rea~ 
son and JteHgion, Dec. 22, 1741, and subse- 
quently, by C. Wesley, in his Hymns and Sacred 
Poems, 1749, where it is entitled " An Act of 
Devotion" (vol. i. p. 120). It was embodied 
in tho Wes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 417, and thence 
has passed into various hymnals in G. Britain 
and America, Orig. text, P. Works, 1868- 
72, vol. v. p. 10. 

Behold the sun that seemed but now. 
G." WitJier. [Afternoon.] 1st printed in bis 
Hallelujah, or Britain's Second Remem- 
brancer, Lond., 1641, where it is No. 14 of 
hiB first part "Hymns Occasional." It is 
headed " At Snnsetting," and prefaced by the 
following note, " The singing or meditating to 
such purposes as are intimated in this Hymn, 
when we see the sun declining may perhaps 
expel unprofitable musings, aud arm against 
the terrors of approaching darkness." 

It is in 3 st. of 8 1., and its use is by no 
means equal to its merits. It was included 
in Fair's reprint of tho Hallelujah, 1857; 
and thence, passing through Lord Seiborne's 
Booh of Praise, 1862, was given in Turing's 
Coll., No. 20, with two slight alterations, 
Thring reading st. L, 1. 4, " The " for " I7iw " ; 
and in st. ii., 1. 5, "our" for "those." It is 
also in the Westminster Abbey H. Bk., 1883. 
[Bail? Zatliih Hy„ § viei.] [W. T. B.] 

Behold the throne of grace. J. New- 
ton. [The Throne of Grace.] Appeared in the 
Olney Hymns, 1770, Bk, I, No, 33, in 8 st, of 
4 1., and based on 1 Kings iii. 5. Although 
extensively used both in G. Britain and in 
America, it is generally in an abridged, and 
Eometimes altered form. In 1781 J. Wesley 
published the last four stanzas of the original 
as a hymn in the Arminian Magazine, p. 285, 
beginning "Since 'tis the lord's command," 
but it failed to attract attention, and in that 
form is unknown to modern hymn-books, 

Behold the wretch -whose lust and 
wine. I. Watts. [The Prodigal.] This 
paraphrase of St. Luke xv. 13, Ac., was 1st 
pub. in his Hymns, &o., 1709, Bk. i., No. 123, 
in 7 st. of 4 1. Tho peculiarity of its opening 
lino has made against its adoption in its ori- 
ginal form in modern liymnala. 

In the draft Scottish Translations and Para- 
phrases, 1745, it was given unaltered as No. 
xxv., save st. vi., which was rewritten thus : — 
■ « Bring forth the Surest Robe for Lim, 
the Joyful Father said ; 
To him each Mark of Gracg be ehowa, 
u*d every honour puUl." 



BEHOLD WE COMB 

On the adoption of the hymn in the autho- 
rized issue of the Translations imrf l'arayhrates, 
1781, No. xl., it was given as " The wretched 
prodigal behold." This recast is composed as 
follows: — st i.-v. recast from original by 
Watts, st. vi. new; at vii. from 1715; st. viii. 
Watts ; st. is. new. This recast, which may 
Le found in full in modern editions of the 
Scottish Psalms, &&, lias been in common 
use in the Church of Scotland for 100 years. 

In Miss J. E. Leeson's Par. and Hymns,&c., 
1853, Ko. lsi., two hymns on the above pas- 
sage, SL Luke xv. 13-25, are given ; the first, 
" Ni<rh unto death with famine pined," being 
by Hiss Leeson ; and the second, " The pro. 
digal's returning steps." This last is thus 
composed : st i., ii. Miss Lccson, based on the 
Scottish Par. ; iii., iv. f S. I'ar. altered ; v., vi., 
Hiss Leeson. [J. J.] 

Behold "we come, dear [good] Lord, 
to Thee. /, Austin. [Sunday.] This is 
the first hymn, in 7 st of i 1., in his Devotion* 
in the Antient Way of Office*, 1608, and is ap- 
pointed for Sunday at Matins. After passing 
through the various reprints of that work, 
and of the revised editions of Dorrington, and 
of Hickes (see Austin, J.\ it was included, 
with slight alterations, in the Salisbury 
H. Bh„ 1857 ; Pott's Coll., 1861 ; the New 
Zealand Hymnal, 1872, and others. It had, 
however, previously appeared in J. Wisley's 
Ps. & Hys., Cbarlestown, South Carolina, 
1736-7, So. 24, in 6 st. [W. T. B.j 

Behold what condescending love. J. 
Peacock. [Christ Netting Children.] 1st pub. 
In his Songs of Praise, compiled from ike Holy 
Scriptures, 1776, p. 50, in 5 st. of 4 1. In 
the Ainer. Melh. Ems. Hwnm, 1849, No. 261; 
the Meth. Epiae. Hymnal, 1878, No. 828 ; and 
Dr. Hatfield's Ckurch M. Bh„ 1872, No. 1142 
(dated 1806 in error), is a cento thus com- 
posed; — st. i., ii., iii., Peoeook as above; st. 
iv., Doddridge from his "See Israel's gentle 
Shepherd stand," st. iii. ; but in both cases 
slightly altered. The cento has its origin in 
that which was given in Toplady's Ps. and 
Hys., 1776, No. 120, in 6 st of which (with 
alterations) st i.-iv. are taken. [W. T, B.] 

Behold what witnesses unseen. 

[Cross and Consolation.'] 1st appeared as 
No. 12 in the Draft; Scottish Translations 
and Paraphrases, 1746, as a version of He- 
brews iii. 1-13, in 12 at of 4 1. Tho author 
Is unknown. In the revised ed., issued in 
1751, a new stanza was added as iii., and 
slight alterations were made in other sts. In 
the Draft of 1781, the 1751 was repeated 
with various alterations, as No. 59 ; and with 
further alterations of 16 lines, in the public 
worship (hi. issued in that year by the Church 
of Scotland, and stilt in use. In the markings 
bv the eldest daughter of W. Cameron (q.v.), 
tfie alterations of 1781 are ascribed to Logan 
and Cameron. The text of 1781 has passed, 
in abridged forms, into a few modem hymnals, 
as Maurice's Choral H. Bk., 1861, No. 309, 
omitting st is.; and the Eng. Fresh. Ps. <E 
Hys., 1867 ; and Church Praite, 1883, reduced 
to 6 sts. In the American Prayer Bk. Coll., 
1826, No. 212 (ed. 1871, No. 183), and others 
it began, " Lo 1 what a cloud of witnesses ;" 



BEHOLD WHAT WONDROUS 131 

while in Korison's IT. adapted to the Church 
Services, 1860, it is, " A witness-host by us un- 
seen." la Anderson's Coil., Edinburgh, 1818, 
No. 359 begins with st. vi. altered to, " Like 
Christ, hare ye, to blood or death,'* and No. 
SCO, with st x„ " A father's voice, with re- 
verence, we." It is included, considerably 
altered, as No. 85 in Miss Leeson's Paraphrases 
& Hymns, 1853, in three parts, pt ii. begin- 
ning, " Lo i for the joy before Him set," and 
pt iii,, '' Through all tho hard experience 
led." [J. M.] 

Behold 'what wondrous grace, I. 
Watts. {Adoption.] let pub. in his Hymns, 
&a, 1707 (2nd ed. 1709, Bk. i., No. Ixiv.), in 
6 st. of 4 1, and entitled "Adoption." In J. 
Wesley's Pt. & Hys., Charlestown, South Caro- 
lina, 1736-7, p. 19, it was given with altera- 
tions and the omission of st. ii. Its modern use 
is limited in U. Britain, but extensive in 
America. 

In the Draft Scottish Translations and 
Paraphrases, 1715, this text was given, as 
No. xxx., in 5 St., in a recast form. As this 
text, and not that of Watts, has been fol- 
lowed in tho authorized issue of the Trans' 
lotions, &c, of 1781, and as the Transla- 
tions, &>., of 1745 arc difficult to consult, we 
subjoin the original of Watts, and the text 
of 1745. 



Wattt. 
Behold what wondrous 
grace 
Tbe Father hath be- 
fltow'd 
On sinners of * mortal race, 
Ho call them Sons of 
God! 

'Us no surprising (bios', 
That we should be un 
known; 
Tbe Jewish world knew 
boS tbelr King, 
God's Everlasting Son. 

Nor doth it yet appear 
How great we must be 



Ti-axtlatietti, <Sc,, IMS. 
Behold th' atnsjiDg Height 
of Love 
tiie Father hnth bestow'd 
On us, ths sinful Sons at 
Men, 
To Mil us Sons of Got> ! 

Conceal'd as yet this 
Honour lyes, 
by this dark World un- 
known; 
So the World knew not, 
when he came, 
God's everlasting Son. 

High Is the Character we 
bear; 
but higher we Bball rise : 
Tho* what we'll be In fu- 
ture worlds 
is hid from mortal Eyes. 

But this we know, our 
Souls shall then 
their God and Savioub 
see; 
UnvelL'd behold bftn, and 
transform^ 
unto hie Ukenees be. 
A Hope so great, and so 
divine, 
may Trials well endure; 
Refine the Soul from Sense 
and Sin, 
as Christ himself is 
pure. 



But when we see our Sa- 
viour here. 
We shall be like our 
Head. 

A hops so much divine 

May trial* well endure, 
May purge our souls front 
sense and sin 
As Christ the Lord is 
pure. 
If in my Father's love 
1 shore a filial part, 
Send down Thy Spirit like 
a dove, 
To rest upon my heart. 

We would no longer lie 
Like slaves beneath the 
throne; 
My faith shall Abba, Fa- 
ther, cry, 
And Thou the kindred 
own. 

A comparison of this text with that autho- 
rized in tbo Trajtstotfons, &c., of 1781, No, 
Uiii,, and which may be found in any modern 
copy of the Scottish Psalms, &c, will shew at 
onoe how much the latter is indebted to tho 
former ; and how far both differ from Watts. 
By whom the 1745 recast was made is not 
known, but that of 1781, which lias been in 
use in the Ch, of Scotland for 100 yearn, is 
claimed by W. Cameron (q.v.) as liis, [J. J.J 



132 BEHOLD WHERE BREATHING 

Behold where breathing love divine. 
Anna L. Barbauld, -uie AUHn. [Charity.'] Con- 
tributed to Dr. W. Enfield's Hymns for Pullie 
Worship, 4c, Warrington, 1772, No. 117, in 
8 st. of 4 1. In tbo following year it was re- 
published iu Mrs. Barbaukrs (then Miss 
Aikiu) Poem, L«n„ J. Johnson, 1773, pp. 121- 
123. In this form it is not in extensive use, 
although included in Dr. Collycr's Collection, 
1912, and repeated iu Dr. Martineau's Hymns, 
1840 A 1873. A cento from this hymn is 
(riven in the Church 8. S. H. 2ft., 18G8, No. 
361, and other collections, beginning, " Blest 
ia the man whose softening heart/ It is 
composed of st. iii,, iv., vii., viii., somewhat 
altered, and appeared in the 9th od. of Cot- 
terill's Sel, 1820, No. 123, From thence it 
passed into various collections both in G. 
Britain and America. In Kennedy, 1863, No. 
120, it begins, " Blest is the man whose tender 
heiirt." The full original text is given in 
Lyra Brit, 18G7, pp. 32-33. 

Behold, 'where in a, mortal form [the 
Friend of Man]. IF. Enfield. {Christ 
out Example.] Appeared in the 3rd ed. of 
his Hymns for Public Worship, &c, 1797, in 8 
st. of 4 1. It passed from thence into Bicker' 
steth's ChristianJ 3 salmody, 1833, Reed's Hymn- 
Book, 1842, nml others. In the Bapt New 
Selection, 1823, No. 120, it was given as, 
" Behold, where in the Friend of Man" with 
the omission of st. ii., and in this form it is 
found in the Bap. Ps. <£ Hymnt, 1858. The 
hymn is also in 0. V. in America, The first 
form, abbreviated, is in Song* for the Sanctuary, 
N. Y., 18G5, and the second is in Hys. & Songs 
of Praise, N. Y., 187-1, and others. 

Behold with pleaBing extaey. — 
P. Doddridge. [Missions.] Tliis hymn is No. 
48 in the d, ws5.,nnd detect " Oct. 30, 1737." It 
was pub. in Job Orton's ed. of Doddridge's 
(posthumous) Hymns, 1755, No. 121, in 7 fit. 
of 4 1., in a slightly different form, and en- 
titled "A Nation born in a day; or the rapid 
progress of the Gospel desired,'' Is. livi. 8, 
and again in J, I), Humphreys's ed, of the same, 
183SI. In its original form it has not come 
into common use: but St. ir. and v., begin- 
ning, " Awake, nil conquering arm, awake," 
very slightly filtered, were given in the 
American Bap, Psalmist, 1813, No. 857. Also 
in Spurgeon's 0. 0. H. Bk., 1866, No. 062. 

Behold yon new-born Infant grieved. 
J. Merrick. [Ignorance of Man.] 1st puh. 
iu his Poems on Sacred Subjects, Oxford, 
Clarendon Press, 4to„ 1763, pp. 25-27, in 8 st. 
of 4 ]. It was also included in full bv Mont- 
gomery in his Christian Psalmist, 1825, No. 
333. In its full form it has not come into 
C. U.; but centos therefrom are given in 
numerous collections both in G. Britain and 
America. These are : — 

1* "AutborofBOod,totheeIturn[come]." Thlnccnlo 
tfl composed of at. v.-vitl., somewhat altered in Bicker-* 
ateth'a Wiriit. Pialmoiy, 1S33, No. island from thence 
has pissed Into several modern, collections. In Dr. Ken- 
nedy's iftmiiw, CnWif., 1S63, No. mo, these stomas are 
reputed as "Author of good, to Thee we turn," and 
thereto II line* nave been added, probably by Br, JCen- 
nedy. 

i. "Author of good, we rest on Thee." This Is a slightly 
altered form of the former cento, which Is fount In 
several American Unitarian collections. 



BEIM FR0HBN 

3. " Eternil God, we took to Thee." This is in altered 
form or fit. v., vi., and viii. It was Included in tbo 
Lad* U. Me., 1SS3, No. sm, and ia repeated In the 
JV. (mg., lass, and other collections, 

Tuken in its various forms, very few of 
Merrick's compositions have attained to an 
equal position in popular favour. [J. J.] 

Bei dir Jesu, will Ich bleiben. 

C. J. Spitta. [Confirmation.] Founded on 
Ps. lxxiii. 23, and 1st pub. in the 1st Series 
of his Psalter und Harfe, 1833, p. 58, in 6 at 
of 8 1., entitled, "I remain continually with 
Thee," In the "Wiirttemberg 6. B., 1842, 
No, 383, Knspp's Ev. L. S. t 1837, No. 1709 
(1865, No. 800). Thetra. in C. V. nro:— 

1. In Thy Mrriea will I ever, A full and good 
tr. by S. Masai* in his Lyra Dom. 1660, j>. o9, 
and thence in Schaff's Christ in Soar), ed. 1879, 
[,. 452. Altered and transposed as Nos. 54U, 543 
in Adams's American Ch. Pastorals, 1864. No. 
543 begins with st. v., " Let Thy light on me bo 
shining," and incorporates, as St. ii., a cento from 
st. i., ii. of Massie's tr. of Spitta'a "Afeiuo Stund 
ist noch nicht kommen" (q. v.). In Howler's 
Cong. Hys., 1884, No. 'Hoi, st. iv., 11. 5-8, and v., 
11. 5-8, are omitted. 

S. By Thee, Jenu, will X stay. A tr. of st. i-, 
v., vi. ns No. 35 in Snepp's S. of G. and G., 1876, 
marked us by "J. ». Walter, 1868." 

Other tn. are: — 

(!) "So nil! I abide for ever," by J. D. Burns in hia 
Memoir <fc Kcmaini. ISfflB, p. 23S. (3) "Jesus, with 
Thee I would aMcte," by Lady flurand, 1813, p. *8, 

[J. M.] 

Belm ftfihen MorgenUcht. [Morning.] 
We have found this hymn in two forms, each 
differing somewhat from the other, and both 
differing from the text Caswoll seems to have 
used for his translation. The earlier is in 
the Ka thoHsehes G. B., Wiirzburg, 1828 [Uni- 
versity Library, Wiirzburg], ed. by Canon S. 
Portner, for use in the Diocese of Wiirzburg ; 
where it occurs as No. 8S, at p. 183, in 14 st. 
of 4 1., and double refrain, entitled "The 
Christian Greeting." No author's name is 
given, but it is probably of Franconian origin, 
and does not seem older than the present cen- 
tury. The second is in F. W. von Dit fur Hi's 
Friinhische Volkslieder, Leipzig, 1855, pt. i., 
p. 12, in 13 st. of i ]., with double refrain, en- 
titled "Gelobt soy Jesus ChristuB." Eight 
stanzas of the first form are in the Kath, Getang* 
bSchlein, 7th ed., Aschnffenburg, I860, and 
the second form is given in full in the Exang. 
Kinder Q. B., Basel, 1867, No. 59. The last 
four stauzas of the Wiirzburg G. B., 1828, are 
here quoted for comparison. 

xl. Die Flnstenilss wird Ltcht, 

IVenn fromm die Znnge epricht : 
Gelobt sey Jesua Chriatue I 

1Mb. Macht der HOlle flieht 

Vor dlescm sdsseu Lied : 
Gelobt sey Jesus Christus I 
acii. tm Hhnmel selbst enchallt, 

Mit heiligem Gawalt 1 Gelobt, 4c. 

l>efl Vnters ewigem "Wort, 

Ertiinet ewijj dort i Gelobt, &x. 
xiJl. ]hr Menecbentlnder sir 

f^ngt iaut im Juneiscliall : Gelobt, ftc 

Tings urn den Erdenkreia, 

Krti>ne Gott aum Prels : Gelobt,. fcc. 
xir. Sinet Hlmmel, Erd* und Mcer, 

Und aller Enamel Heer : Geloht, kc. 

Es pchalle weit und br«Lt, 

In Zeit und Ewigkeit : Gelobt, (t«. 



BEING OF BEINGS 

The only tr. in C. U. is— 

"When mooing gildi the ikies, by E, Caswall, 
lit pub. in H. tfonnby's (ktthotic Hamns, Lond., 
M. t^, 1854 [approbation May 3, 1853], p. 44, 
in 6 st. of 4 I. sad double refrain. In Cas- 
wall's .Masque o/ ifarjr, 1858, 8 st. were added, 
and thus in his Hymns $ Poems, 1873, p. 155, 
in 28 st. of 2 1. and refrain, entitled "The 
Praises of Jesus," the first line being given as 
"Gelobt sey Jeans Christ," which, as will be 
seen above, is the original refrain. The full text 
is given unaltered as No. 269 in the Appendix 
to the H. Noted, 3rd ed., 1807. 

This hymn has attained considerable popularity, and 
ts found In varying centos, as in H, A. it jr., lses-Ja ; 
Siimnary. 1873 ; Bap. ifyHtial, ls?9 ; Scottish J^-ee 
Ckureh J. fit. 1892; Border's CW£., 1894; and in 
America in the -Bop. Praise Bk.,\$l\; E<artg. Hymnal, 
N. Y., ISSBj Lauda Danini. 1S84, and others. Gene- 
rally it appears under Its original first line, \wt in the 
Ptoflft J/., IBM, it la divided into two porta. No. 44S 
beginning " The night becomes as day," which Ib at. xl. 
of the island at. xi. of the text of 1873. [J. M.J 

Being ot Beluga, GJod of Love. C. 

Wesley. [Believers one with Christ.] A 
" Grace after Meat," given in Hys. & Sac. 
Poems, 1739. in 5 st. of 4 1. (P. Work*, 1868- 
72, vol. i. p. 34). In the Druminond & Gre- 
ville Cft. of England H. Bit., 1888, No. 161, 
st i., ii., v. were given as, "Eternal Father, 
God of Love." This was repeated in the 
American Sabbath H, Bh. t 1858. 

Belcher, Joseph, d,d„ a Baptist Mini- 
ster, b. iu Birmingham, England, April 5, 
1794, took up hit residence in America, 1844; 
and d. at Philadelphia, July 10, 1859. He 
pub. nearly 200 works, amongst them, Tlve, 
Baptist Pulpit, 1SS0 ; History of Religious De- 
nomination), 1855 ; and Historical Sketches of 
Hymns, their Writers, and tlieir lufiuencn, 
1859, reprinted at Albany, 1873. This last is 
extremely scrappy, sketchy, gossipy, and by 
no means trustworthy, but it contains some 
fuels and recollections of value, and was for 
years the nearest approach to a general treatise 
on the subject in print. [F. M. U ] 

Bell, Charles Christopher, tbo anthor 
of a few hymns in the Meth. 8. 8. II. Bh. 1 879, 
was b. at Hickling, Notts, Dec. 10, 1815. Mr. 
Bell is a chemist by trade, and a member of 
the Church of England. His hymns fire : — 

1. Ktemol Faiber, bear, we pray. Seenivg, 

2. In tlLanltfut songs our hearts we lift. Thanksgiving, 

3. Jesns, Who callest little ones to Tbee. Etu-lp Piety. 

4. O Toon, Whose love throughout this nay. Evening, 
6. Prai« the Lord, for still if u reignetb. Praise to 

Chritt. 

Of these hymns Nob. i aud 5 arc marked 
"Unknown," in the Meth. jS. 8. 11. Bk. Mr. 
Bell's compositions are worthy of more exten- 
sive use than is now nccorded to them. 

Bell, Charles Bent, d.d., b. of Henry 
Humphrey Bell, b. at Warwick Lodge, Magh- 
ernfelt, Ireland, on 10th February, 1818, 
and educated at the Royal Ac.idemy, Edin- 
burgh, and the Royal School, Dungannou, 
and Trinity Coll., Dublin, graduating b.a., 
1812, it.*., 1852, and n.n., 1878. Having 
taken Holy Orders, he was successively Curate 
of Himpton in Anlen, and St. Mary's Chapel, 
Reading, and of St. Mary-in-thc-Castle, Has- 
ting*, 184C ; Incumbent of St. John's Chapel, 
Hftinpsteod, 1854 ; Vicar of Ambleside, 1861 ; 
With Rydal, 1872; and Rector of Cbelteu- 



BEMAN, N. S. B, 



133 



ham, 1872. In 1869 he was also appointed 
Hon. Canon of Carlisle Cathedral. Dr. Bell's 
works include Night Scenes from the Bible, 
1861; Hills that bring Peace, 1872; Tht 
Saintly Calling, 1873 ; Voices from the Lakes, 
1877 : Songs iuthe Twilight, 1881 ; Hymns for 
lite Church and ike Chamber, 1882 ; Songs in 
Many Keys, 1884 ; and for the Religious Tract 
Society, Angelic Beings, and their Nature and 
Ministry. He has also edited an Appendix to 
Dr. "Walker's Cheltenham Psalms and Hymns, 
in 1873 (3th ed. 1878). To this Appendix 
were contributed; — 

1. Another Sabbath closes. Sunday Evening. 

2. Be near as, Triune God. we pray. Jfbtr immy, 

3. Be with us, gracious Lord, to-day. Cbnwcratim 
of a Church. 

4. Cbriet ascends with songs exultant. Attention, 
s. Christ has risen !. let tbe tidings. Bitter. 

6. Come, gracious Saviour, manifest Thy glory. Ad- 
rent. 

T. From tbe four winds, O living breath. Mixtions. 

8. Good l.ord t the valleys laugh nod eiog. Harvest. 

ft. Lord, at Thy mercy-seat we bow. Inundation 
Stone of Ckurch. 

10. ail me with Thy Spirit, gracious Lord. 11'ait- 
suntiae. 

11. O Jcsu, our salvation. Our rropbet, &c General 
Praia. 

12. On the sad nlgbt He was betrayed. Passiantide. 

13. ** Redeem tbe time," God only knows. Time. 

14. The ebodows lengthen, nlgbt will soon be here. 
Evening. 

15. To God tbe Lord, I lift mine eyes. Genei'al. 

16. With grateful heart and voice we raise. Grace 
after Meal. 

These hymns being of recent date are not 
found, save in one or two instances, in any 
other collection than Dr. Bell's Apyiendix to Dr. 
Walker's l's. & Hymns, ami his Appendix to 
thelfy. Comp. noted below. With tbe exception 
of Nos. 14 and 16, the above were republished 
in Dr. Bell's Hymns for Church and Chamber, 
Loud., J. Nisbut & Co., 1882. This woik also 
contains other hymns of merit, and should be 
consulted in preparing a Collection for con- 
gregational cir private use. In 1884, Dr. Bell 
added an Appendix Selected fw the Vie of 
Chdtcultam Churches to the Hy. Gamp., in 
which he embodied the hymns givin in hU 
former Appendix, and aildeti thereto the fol- 
lowing hymns from his Hijt.for the Cliurch (t 
Ckandw :— 

IT. Qrest God, Tliy people's dwelling-place. The 
.Ww i'wr. 

Is. J i e givctli 1 1 is lrt?iovc<l sleep. Mafetg during Sleep. 

19, D ],amb of God, AViio tlied our souls to win, 
Peace with. t,"otl dezired. 

20. O Saviour Christ, catlLToncd at ttod's liglit hADd. 
Christ the Anointed One, 

31. Rest in the Lord. Oh, -words of love. SscJtortatian 
to trust in God. 
In addition to these there were also given : — 

22. For Erin plead we, God of love. Hymn for 
Ireland. 

23. Jesu, our bright k Morning Star, fioiphany. 

[J. J.] 

Bell, Jane Crow. [Simpson, J. ft] 

Bemavn, Nathan Sidney Smith, n.n., 
was b. at Canaan, Columbia Co., N. Y., Nov. 
27, 1785; and graduated at Middloburg Col- 
lege, Vermont, 1807. He was a Congregational 
Pastor at Portland, Maine, 18 10-1 'i ; Minister 
iu Georgia, 1812-22; and Pastor of the First 
Presbyterian Church, Troy, N. Y., 1823- 
63. He d. at Corbondale, Illinois, Aug. 8, 
1871. He edited Sacred Lyrics, Troy, 1832, 
and an enlarged collection und<r the same 
title, 1841. The latter was adopted by the 



134 



BENEDICITE 



Now School Presbyterian Geueral Assembly 
as the Church Pialmist, 1847. Dr. Beraan is 
known in liymtiody mainly through his 
three hynvns which are in common use * — 

1. Jeau*, we how beton Thy throne. Missions. 
This appeared in I>r. Hastings's Spiritual Songi, 
1631, No. 174, in 4 it. of 4 I. 

1, Jeuu, I eoma to Thee. £u&.in'ss*cm to CArisl. 

5. H&rfc, the judgment trumpet unuulinf . Judg- 
ment. The last two were first pub.inhisSncced 
Lyrics, 1832, and alt are given in Dr. Hatfield's 
Church H. Bk., 1872. Dr. Beman's hymns are 
unknown to English collections. [F. M. B.] 

Benedioite. This canticle U given in 
the Septuttgint Tension of Holy Scriptures, 
and is therein a part [verse 33 to middle of 
v. 66] of the prayer of Azarins in the furDiice, 
whien occurs between tt. 23 and 21 of Dan.iii. 
It is not in the Hebrew version of the Holy 
Scriptures, and on this ground, amongst others, 
it is omitted from the Authorised Version. Its 
use iu the CUurcb, an a Canticle, dates from a 
rery early period. It win the Greek, Ambrosian, 
MozaraMc, .Roman, Sarum, and other Office- 
books, usually at Lauds for Sundays and Festi- 
vals, but varying iu form anil length, full 
detatlb of which are given in Dr. Smith's 
Vict, of Ckristian Antiquities, Art. Benedidte. 
In addition to the renderings into Latin for 
the use of the Western Church, the following 
are versions in English, the first of which, 
after that iu latin as noted above, is the 
Version iu tlie Bk. of Common Prayer :— 

1. all ye works of the Lard. By whom this 
rendering from the Latin was made is not known. 

£. all ye works of God the Lord. Anon, in 
PI ay ford 's musical ed. of the Oid Version, 1677, 
and thence into the Supp. to the Xew Version, 
ed. 1708. 

8. Ye works of God, on Kin alone. By James 
Merrkk, from his Nys. ij- Poems on Snored Sub- 
jects, 1763. 

f i Angels holy, hifh and lowly, Py J. S. Blackie. 
This rendering of the Benedkite appeared iu 
Dr. Bonar's Bible If. Bk., 1845, No. BO, in 12 st. 
of 6 1., and again in Br. Blnckie's Lays anil Le- 
gends of Ajtrieiit Greece, 1857, p. 163, in 7 st. of 
4 1., and headed " Benedicite." Professor Blackie, 
in a note thereto, says ; — 

"This hymn vu composed by jne for the very 
Beautiful Jiurscben melody, Mlet Schteeige, the music 
and words of which will be found in the collection <jf 
Jiiirschen 2delodies, published by me in Tait't Maffa- 
zitie for 1840, vol. vli r p. 1356. Many of these melodies, 
though used on convivial occasions, have a solemnity 
About them. In virtue of -which they are well fitted for 
tlic service of the Sanctuary " (p. 339). This rendering 
of the Benctiieitt Is gaining lu popular favour, and is 
found Lu several hymnals. 

6. all ye worka of Cod morfhigh. This para- 
phrase was given in various numbers of The 
Smid.ty at Home, in 1885. It is by the Rev. 
Eichard Wilton. 

Strictly speaking, Nos. 2, 3, and 5 are not in 
C. U. In addition to the above renderings 
there are also :— 

(I) Sottffqftte Three Children Paraphrased, <£r. By 
Louly Chudleiffh. London, 1703. This is reprinted in 
her Poem*, 17U9. (a) Hong of thr. Three Children in 
English Verse. By JV. Le M&. Ijmduil. Printed by 
J. Morpheui. [Cir. 1TZI).] Thiswaa editedbyS. Wesley, 
jun. (3) Irtffine Rymft&, or A Paraj>li,fi££ ttjtatt the Jk 
Jletm. & Benedicite. Cambridge, T. Walker, lorn. 

[J. J.] 



BENGEL, J. A. 

Benedict, Erastua Cornelius, ll.c, 
b. at Brant'ord, Connecticut, March 13, 1800, 
and educated at Williams College, graduating 
in 1821. In 1824 lie was called to the Bar; 
and from 1850-34 was President of the New 
York Board of Education. He was also 
Kegent of New York University, anil filled 
other important posts of honour. He d. in 
New York, Oot. 22, 1880. He published 
several works, including the Hymn of St. Hil- 
debert, N. Y., 1867. In 1868, ho contri- 
buted ''Jesus, I love Thee evermore," a tr. 
of " O Deus, ego amo To " (q. v.), and " With 
terror thou dost strike me now," a tr. of 
"Gravi me terroro pulsus" (q. v.), to Dr. 
Schaff's Christ in Song. [F. M, B.] 

Benedicts, sit beata Trtnltas. [Holy 

Trinity."] An anonymous sequence, the text 
of which is included in the Sarutn, York, 
and Hereford Mitmls as the sequence for Tri- 
nity Sunday. In the reprint of the York 
Missal (Surtees Society, vol. 60) it is noted 
that it is No. 24, among the Proses and Se- 
quences from the Bodleian us., 775 (written 
in the reign of Ethelred, sometime between 
991-1017). In this MS. it is headed " In pre- 
tiosa solemnitate Pentecostes." It is also iu 
on 11th cent. Winchester collection of 
Sequences, now in Corpus Christi College, 
Cambridge, No. 473. Tr. as, "All blessing 
to the Bleesid Three," by C. S. Calverley, 
made for and 1st pub. in the Hymnary, 1870- 
72, No. 336, in 9 St. of 4 I. . [W. A. S.] 

Benediotus. Translations into English 
of this Song of Zachnrias (St. Luke i., 68-79) 
are given in the various versions of the Holy 
Scripture, those best known being the P. Bk. 
version in the Morning Prayer, the A. V. 1611, 
and the Bevieed V. of 1881. In addition there 
aro metrical renderings in the form of hymns 
in the 0. V. of Sterniiold and Hopkins; the 
N. V. of Tate and Brady, and the following : — 

(1) Drayton's ffomwny of the Church, IBSlj (21G. 
Vihhn'elfys.andSongtqfthe Church, 1623-31; (3)0. 
SiiudyG's faraph.an the Psatmi, 1636 ; (4) Simon Ford's 
Pi. of Jiavid, less i (5) Bp. Patrick's Pt. of J)ai<(d in 
Xttre, and ed„ less. [W. T. B.] 

Bengel, Johann Albrecht, s. of Al- 
brecht Bengel, diaconus at Winnenden, near 
Waiblingen, Wurttemberg, was b. nt IVinnen- 
don, June 24, 1087. After the completion of 
bis theological studies at Tubingen (ji. a. 1704, 
d.d. 1751), ho became assistant at SFetzin- 
gen, near Uraeh, in 1707, Ke[ifctent at Tubin- 
gen in 1708, and assistant (general preaclier) 
at Stuttgart in 171 1. In 1713 he was ap- 
pointed Proceptor and preacher at the Clois- 
ter School of Denkendorf, near Esslingen. 
His pupils were mostly preparing for the 
Church, and during Ids tenure of office 
some 300 passed through his hands. In 1741 
he was appointed Prelate of Hcrbrechtiugen ; 
and in 1749 Prelate of Alpirsbach (the highest 
post in the Church of Wiirttembei'g) and 
member of the Consistory. He d. at Stuttgart, 
Nov. 2, 1752 {Koch, V. 89-93, AUg. Beuttelie 
Biog., ii. 331-:i33; Bode, 43-44). As a theo- 
logian and ecclesiastic Bengel exercised a 
great and ahiding influence in WiirttcinbeTg. 
As a hymn-ivriter he was not prolific, and few 
of his hymns btj still in use. One has been 
tr, into English, via ; — 



BEN1GNA-MAMA 

Xeh tedenk mo deine Wnndeji. [Cross and Con- 
talatUm.'] 1st pub. as a companion to Meditation 
v. in S. fjrlsperger's Dcr Ar.j710.tcn Qcaundkcit 
tutd der Sterbenden Lebeti, Stuttgart, 1723, p. 
423, in 8 st. of 8 1., entitled "On believing and 

Salient suffering." Included as No. 867 in the 
lannover. G. U. t 1740. Sometimes erroneously 
ascribed to Urlsperger. The only tr. in C. U. 
is, " III think upon the woes," omitting st. ii., 
iv., v., as No, 579, in the American Bap. Psalmist, 
1843. [J. M.] 

Benigna-Marla, daughter of Count 
Heir/rich xxvui. of Beuss-Ebersdorf, was b. 
at Ebersdorf, Dec IS, 1G95. Under the 
tuition of.Ulrich Bugislaus v. Benin, she 
attained a high culture, and became conversant 
with Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. After the 
death of her parents she retired to a manor- 
house, near Pottiga, in the district of Loben- 
stein, and d. there July 31, 1751. 

She was during all her life an invalid, but bore her 
afflictions with a meek and quiet spirit, and was ever 
humble In heart, fervent in prayer, and loving to all 
whom she thought to be of the truth, rich and poor 
alike. She regarded her brother-in-law, Count Nl L. 
von Ziniendorf, as a schismatic, yet her hynms breathe 
the Hermhut spirit, ana wtre mostly published in the 
Moravian hymn-books (AVea, iv. 160-439). Of her 
hymns those tr. into English are i — 

Zomm fa(«n uu der HSh, [Before Wori.'] 1st 
pub. as No. 522 in the S.imnUwny Geist-vnd lieb- 
Itoher Licder, Leipzig und Gorliti, 1725, in 4 st. 
of 8 I. In the WUrttemberg G. S., 1842, No. 
518, altered and omitting st. il. This is tr. as : — 

Attend, Lord, my daily toil. A good tr. from 
the Wurtt. G. B., contributed by Dr, R, P. Dunn 
to Sacred Lyrics from the German, Philadelphia, 
1859, p. 155, nnd thence, as No. 393, in Board- 
man's Set., Philadelphia, 1861. Another tr. is : — 
"God's blessingfromonhigh descend," by Dr. G. 
Wslker, 18ti0, p. 49. 

iL Has ist mir. lieb, doss msiae Stimm nnd 
Flehea. [Pa. cxii^ 1725, as above, No. 14, in 11 
st. The trs. are:— (1) "This yields me joy," 
No. 584, in the Moravian H. Bk., 180! (1849, 
No. 710). (2) "The time will !ome," of st. v. 
as st. ii., of No. 984, in the Moravian If. Bk., 
1801 (1849, No. 1235). [J. M.] 

Bennett, Henry, b. nt Lyme Eegis, 
April 18, 1813, nnd d. nt Ldinglon, Nov. 12, 
1808. His hymns, written at various datw, 
were collected and pnb, as follows : — 

(1) Hymn* oy IT. B., Loud. : Printed for the Author, 
1S6*. This contained 25 pieces. (2) ifywtm oy the 
late Henry Bennett, 2nd ed., Isfl9. This Mas pub. by 
request, with additional hymns (32 in all, and e un- 
finished). 

From these editions of his Hymns, " Cling 
to the Mighty One," and "'I have n home 
above," are in extensive use. The following 
arc also inC. U.: — 

1. Jesus, my [the) Holy One. Jam for Men. 

H. Lord Jesus, hide Thy people. Jesus AU in AIL 

Bennett, M. E., nge Dampier, dnu. of 
W. J. Dampier, h,a., Vicar of Cuggeshull, 
Essex, and wife of the Rev. J. W. Bennett, 
Vienr of St, Taul's, South Hampat; ad, pub. in 
1882 :— 

Hymns for C*tW>fa of the fitlfilinl* <7harck .* being 
Simple Verses for every Sunday and JMy Hay in the 
Oii-iitian Year, Load, W, Puole [lasi!]. 

From this wort the following hymns were 
given iu The Universal Hynrn Book (1SS5);— 



BENSON, B. W. 



135 



1. As by the wondrous working of the biessed holy 
Dove. Christmat. 

2. Christ Is our Great High Priest. Epistle 6th S. in 

3. The in&nt Saviour, very eoon. Circumcision. 
These hymns, in common with many others 

in Mra. Btunett'stwork, were written in 1881. 

Bernstein, Christian Andreas, was b. 

at Domuitz, near Ha'le, where his lather, 
Daniel Bernstein, was pastor. After com- 
pleting his studies nt Halle, he was appointed, 
in 1695, by A. H, Francke, a tutor in tho 
Padagogium there; was then ordained as 
assistant to his father (probably at the end of 
1G9C) ; and d. at Domuitz, Oct. 18, 1699 (Koeh, 
iv. 365, AUg. Deutsche Biog. ii. 484). 

From extracts from the irti-cAenoHcTl of Domuitz 
kindly sent by Pastor Tauer, it appears that Bernetein 
was baptized there, July 12, 1672, and thus was pro- 
bably b. July 9. He signed the boot as assistant to 
his father on March S. 1891. The funeral sermon, 
Oct. 20, 1699, was preached at bis request by Francke, 
from Lsaiah Ixl, The statement by his father (who 
survived till Feb. 27, 1112), that Christian d, at the 
age of 2f years, 3 mouths, and 2 days, and in the 
3rd month and and day of bis age, and 3rd year, 14th 
week of his ministry, set>ws hardly reconcilable with 
the other facts. 

In Freylinghauscn's G. B., 1704-5, six of 
his hymns were included, four of which have 
been tr. into English : — 

1. Drj Kinder das Hochsteni wie iteht't am die 
Lieb;. '.Brotherly Lone.] 1104, as above, No. 336, lit 
D sl Previously in G. Arnold's Gtlttlicht Sophia, Jjelp. 
zig, Iyoo, pt. 11. p. 300, as No. 1. ol the "Some hltherlo 
unknown hytnos," Tr, as i — " We in one covenant 
are joined," of st, v, by J. Swertner, as No. 331 in 
the Moravian If. Bk n 17ao. 

ii. Main Vater ! zeuce mich, dein Kind, naeh 
deuum Hilda, [tfunes attd Offices qf Vfwist.] 1704, 
as above, Ko. 02, in 14 at. The Irs. are : — 

(1) "My Father! form Thy Child according; to Thine 
Image," by /. P. Jaevbi, 1122, p. 125 (1732, p, IS). 
(2) "Fatter, make nte Thy child," No. 646 lu pu i of 
the KcT-atiait H. Bk., 1154. 

iu. Schonater aller SehoBen. [Love to ChrisQ 
1st pub. in tbe Geistreichcs G. B„ Halle, 1691, p. 246, in 
8st. Tr. as:— "Fairest of all beauliep," No. 681 lu 
pt. i, of the Moravian H. Bk., 1 1 54. 

iv. Zuletzt gehte wchl dem dor gereoht auf Erden, 
[Oross & Rmjototion,] 1104, as above, Ko. 440, In J nt. 
The trs. are ; — 

(1) "At last he's well, who thro' tbe Blood of Jesns," 
No. 693, in pt. i. of the jreraxian //. Ilk,, lis*. Altered 
17s9, and clunged in metre, 1801, beginning " At last 
he's lleet," (2) "At IftRt ell shall be well with those. 
Ills own," by Miss UorUiwicfc, i Uj ff. L. L., ISieflSOS, 
p 22H ; 18S4, p. 172). [J, M.] 

Benson, Ed-ward "WTiite, d.d., Arcli- 
bishop of Canterbury, s. of Edward "Whito 
Benson, of York, was born at Birmingham, 
14th July, 1820, and (dented nt King Ed- 
ward's School in that town, (tiul Trirjily Coll., 
Cambridge. At Birmingham his contempo- 
raries u ii tier the head maste/isliip of Dr. Prineo 
Lee, subsequently first Bishop of Manchester, 
included Dr. Westcott, and Dr. Liglitfoot, 
Bishop of Durham, At Cambridge he took 
tho high position of Sen. Opt. and 1st el. 
Classicnt Tripou, winning ako the distinction 
of Senior Chancellor's Classical Midallist. 
He subsequently bcciiuo a Fellow of his 
College, In 1852 he passed from Cnmbridgo 
to Ilugby ns assistant master; in 18o9 from 
Rugby to Wellington College, of which he was. 
Head Master for fourteen years ; iu 1872 fioua 
Wellington College to Lincoln, as Chancellor 
of tho Cathedral ; in 1877 from Lincoln to 
Truio,astbe first Bishop of tlmt Diocese ; imd 



136 



BENSON. E. M. 



in 1883 from Truro to Canterbury, as the Pri- 
mate of All England. In addition to these 

appointments he was also Prebendary of Lin- 
coln and Chaplain to the Queen. The sterling 
value of Dr. Benson's work at Wellington Col- 
lege, at Lincoln, and at Truro, is strongly em- 
phasised by his appointweut to Canterbury. 
His literary labours have not been, very exten- 
sive ; but as a contributor to the Dictionary 
of Christian Biography, and the author of 
Work, Friendship, Wor&lrip (University Ser- 
mons at Cambridge), 1871 ; Boy Life ; Sun- 
day! in Wellington College, 1874, and Single- 
heart, 1877, he is well and favourably known. 
His hymnologioal work embraces the co-editor- 
ship of the 1356 edition of the Bugby School 
Hymn-book ; tho editorship of the Wellington 
College Chapd Hymn Book, 1360, 1863, 1873, 
the translation of various Latin and Greek 
hymns, including Angulare Fwidamentum; 
Tristee Grant ApostoU ; Diet Irae ; O Luce 
Qui mortalibut; Te Heit ante Urminam; *Ss 
iKapiif Ityiit Siijiit (q. v.), and a limited 
number of original hymns. Of the latter the 
beet is the Bogatiou Hymn, "O throned, O 
crowned with all renown" (q. v.). [J. J.] 

Benson, Biohard Meux, m.a., edu- 
cated at Christ Church, Oxford ; b.a., in 
honours, 1847, H.A., 1819. On taking Holy 
Orders, he becuino curate of St. Murk's, Sur- 
biton, 1819 ; and Vicar of Cowley, Oxford, 
1850. He is also Student of Christ Church, 
Oxford, His works include Tlte Witdomoflhe 
Son of David ; Bedamption, 18C1 ; The Divine 
Bvle of Prayer, and others. His hymns, " O 
Thou whose all redeeming might," a tr. of 
" Joan, Redemptor omnium, q. v., and 
" Praise to God Who reigns above," were con- 
tributed to H. A. dt if., 1861. 

Bernard of Clairvaux, saint, abbot, 
and doctor, fills one of the most conspicuous 
positions in the history of the middle ages 
His father, Tecclin, or Tesselin, a knight of 
great bravery, was the friend and vassal of the 
Duke of Bui gundy. Bernard was born at his 
father's castle on the eminence of Les Fon- 
taines, near Dijon, in Burgundy, in 1091. He 
was educated at Cliatilloii, where ho was distin- 
guished for his studious and meditative habits. 
The w»rld, it would be thought, would have 
had overpowering attractions for a youth who, 
like Bernard, had all the advantages that 
high birth, great personal beauty, graceful 
manners, and irresistible influence could give, 
but, strengthened in tiie resolve by night 
visions of his mother (who had die;! iu. 1105), 
he chose a life of asceticism, and became a 
monk. In company with an uncle and two of 
bis brothers, who had been won over by his 
entreaties, ho entered tlie monastery of 
Citcaux,the first Cistercian foundation, iu 1113. 
Two years later he was sent forth, at the head 
of twelve monks, from tho rapidly increasing 
and overcrowded abbey, to found a daughter 
institution, which iu spite of difficulties mid 
privations which would hive daunted less de- 
termined men, they succeeded in doing, in the 
Valley of Wormwood, about four milts from 
tho Abbey of La Perte— itself an earlier 
swarm from the same parent hive — on IheAube. 
On the death of Pope Honoriiis II., in 1130, 
the Sacred College was rent by factions, one 



BERNARD OP CLAIBVAUX 

of which elected Gregory of St. Angelo, who 
took the title of Innocent II., while another 
elected Peter Leonis, under that of Anacletua 
II. Innocent fled to France, and the question 
as to whom the allegiance of the King, Louis 
VI., and the French bishops was due was left 
by them for Bernard to decide. At a council 
held at Etampes, Bernard gave judgment in 
favour of Innocent. Throwing himself into 
the question with all the ardour of a vehement 
partisan, he won over both Henry I., tho 
English king, and Lothair, the German em- 
peror, to support the same cause, and then, in 
1133, accompanied Innocent TL., who was sup- 
ported by Lothair and his army, to Italy and 
to Homo. When Lothair withdrew, Innocent 
retired to Pisa, aud Bernard for awhile to his 
abbey of Clairvaux. It was not until after 
the death of Anacletua, the antipope, in 
January, 1138, and the resignation of his suc- 
cessor, the cardinal-priest Gregory, Victor II., 
that Innocent DZ., who had returned to Rome 
with Bernard, was universally acknowledged 
Pope, a result to which no one had so greatly 
contributed as the Abbot of Clairvaux. The 
influence of the latter now became paramount 
in tho Church, ns was proved at the Lateran 
Council of 1139, tho laTgett council ever col- 
lected together, where tho decrees in every 
line displayed the work of his master-hand. 
After having devoted four years to the ser- 
vice of the Pope, Bernard, early in 1135, 
returned to Clairvaux, In 1137 be was again 
at Rome, impetuous and determined as ever, 
denouncing the election of a Cluuino instead 
of a Claiivaux monk to the see of Langrus 
in France, and in high controversy in conse- 
qnenco with Peter, the gentle Abbot of 
Cluny, and the Archbishop of Lyons. Tho 
question was settled by the deposition by the 
Pope of the Clunitie and the elevation of a 
Clairvaux monk (Godfrey, a kinsman of St 
Bernard) into hU pluce. In 1143, Bernard 
raised an almost similar question as to the 
election of St. William to the seo of York, 
which was settled much after the same 
fashion, tho deposition, after a time, if only 
for a time, of William, anil the intrusion of 
another Clairvaux monk, Henry Muidae, or 
Muiduch, into the archiLpiscopal see. Mean- 
time between these two lUtta — in 1140 — the 
condemnation of Peter Abtlaid and his tenets, 
in which matter Bernard aprteared person- 
ally as prosecutor, took placo at a council 
held at Sens. Abelard. condemned at Sens, 
appealed to Rome, and, resting nuhilo on 
his way thither, at Cluny, where Peter still 
presided as Abbot, died there in 1142. St. 
Bernard was next called upon to exercise his 
unrivalled powers of persuasion in a very 
different cause. Controversy over, he preached 
a crusade. The summer of 1146 was spent by 
him in traversing France to rouse the people 
to engage in the second cmsade ; the autumn 
with a like ohjeot in Germany. Iu both 
countries the effect of his appearance and elo- 
quence was marvellous, almost miraculous. 
The population seemed to rise en matte, and 
take up the cross. In 1147 the expedition 
started, a vast horde, of which probably not a 
tenth ever reached Palestine. It proved a 
complete failure, and a miserable remnant 
shared the flight of their leaders, the Em- 



BERNARD OF MORLAIX 

peior Conrad, and Louis, King of France, and 
returned home, defeated &ud disgraced. The 
blame was thrown upon Bernard, and Lis 
apology for his part in the matter is extant. 
He wag not, however, for long to bear up 
against reproach; he died in the 63rd year of 
his age, in 1153, weary of the world and glad 
to be at reBt 

With the works of St. Bernard, the best ed. of which 
was pub. by JfobiUonat Paris in the earl; part of the lath 
cent.(lTls), we ore notconcernedbere,e&oeptas regards 
his contributtons, few and for between aa they are, to the 
stores of Latin bymnology. There hu been »o much 
doubt thrown upon tho authorship of the hymns which 
usually go by hie name,— notably by his editor, jlfabftfon 
himself,— that it ts fmpossfble to claim any of tbem as 
having been certainly written by him; but Archbishop 
Trench, than whom we have no greater modern 
authority on such a point, la satisfied that tbe attribution 
of tbem all, except the "Cur mundus milltat," to 
St. Bernard 1* correct. "If he did not write," the 
Archbishop says, "It is not easy to guess who could 
have written them; and indeed they bear profoundly 
the stamp of bla mind, being only inferior In beauty to 
hisnrose." 

Tbe hymns by which St. Bemanl la beat known as a 
writerof sacred poetry are : (1.)" Josu dulcis memoria," 
along poem on the "Name of Jesui" — known aa tbe 
■* Jubilus of St. Bernard," and among medlarval writers 
as the " Boay Hymn." It 1b, perhaps, the best specimen 
of what jVeale describes as tto "subjective loveliness" of 
ha author's compositions, (a.) ** Solve mundl Salu* 
tare," an address to the various limbs of Christ on the 
cross. It consists of OSO lines, W lines being addressed 
to each. (3.1 "l^ictabundue, exultet fldelis chorua: 
Alleluia." This sequence was in use all over Europe, 
ft.) "Cum sit omnia homo ftienum," (&.} "lit 
iuennnas cervus undas." A poem of 63 lines, and well 
known, is claimed for St. Bernard by Hmnmey in bid 
SvppleAentaTA Patnan, Paris, less, p. 16&, but on what 
Archbishop Trench, who quotes it at length, (Sac. int. 
Poetry, p. 242J deems "grounds entirely insufficient," 
(a.) "Eheu, Eheu, mundl ilia," or "Heu, Hen, mala 
mundi vita." A poem of nearly 400 lines, is sometimes 
claimed for St. Bernard, but according to Trench,** on no 
authority whatever." (I.) "O mtranda vanitas." This 
Is Included in Wabfllon'a ed. of St. Bernard's rfor&r. 
It Is also atlributed to hint by /tombacfe, vol. i. p. 279. 
Many other hymns and sequences are attributed to St. 
Bernard. Trent*, speaks of a ■■ general aacription to him 
of any poems of merit belonging to that period whereof 
the autborahip was uncertain." Hymns, translated from, 
or rounded on, St. Bernard's, will be found In almost 
every hymnat of the day, details of which, together with 
many others not In common use, will be found under 
the foregoing Latin first lines. [D. S. W.] 

Bernard of Morlais, or of Cluny, 

for ho is equally well known by both titles, 
was mi Englishman by extraction, both his 
parents being natives of this country. He was 
h., howovor, in France very early in the 
12th cent, tit Morlaix, Bretagne, Little or 
nothing is known of his life, beyond the foot 
that lie entered the Abbey of Cluny, or which 
at that time Peter the Venerable, who filled 
the post from 1122 to 1156, was the head. 
There, so far as we know, ho spent his whole 
after-life, and there he probably died, though 
the exact date of hia death, as well ns of his 
birth is unrecorded. Tiie Abbey of Cluny 
was at that period at tho zenith of its wealth 
and fame. Its buildings, especially its church 
(which was unequalled by any in France); 
the services thereiu, renowned fur the ehvburatu 
order of their ritual ; and its community, the 
most numerous of any like institution, gave it 
a position nnd au influence, such as no other 
monastery, perhaps, evor reached. Every- 
thing about it was splendid, almost luxurious. 
Jt wee amid such surroundings that Bernard 
of Cluny spent his leisure hours in compos- 
ing that wondrous satire against tbe vice* and 
follies of his age, which has supplied — and it 



BEHNABD OF MOBLAIX 137 

is the only satire that ever did so — some of 
the most widely known and admired hymns 
to tho Church of to-day. His poem De Con' 
temjtfu Mundi remains as an imperishable 
monument of an, author of whom we know 
little besides except his name, and that a 
name overshadowed in bis own day and in ours 
by his mote illustrious contemporary and 
namesake, the saintly Abbot of Clairvaux. 

The poem itself consists of about 3000 lines In • metre 
which B technically known as iMHini CritUrM TrUicet 
Dactylici, or more familiarly — to use Br. Scale's de- 
•cripHouinhisiftdHmiat^BHK, p. S»— "itisadactylic 
hexameter, divided into three parts, between which a 
caesura. Is inadmissible. Tbe hexameter haa a tailed 
rhyme, and feminine leonine rhyme between the two 
first cUuses, thus:— 

" Tunc nova gloria, pectora sobrfa, clarlncablt : 
Solvit enlgmata, veraque sabbaid, continuabit, 
Fatria lumitrfr, Inscla turbfttfj, Inscia litis 
Cive replefriftfr, amplitica&itiir Israelltls." 

The difficulty of writing at all, much more of writing a 
poem of such length In a metre of this description, will 
be as apparent to all readers of It, as It was to the writer 
himself, who attributes his successful accomplishment 
of his task entirely to the direct Inspiration of ihe Spirit 
of God. " Non ego snroganter," he says in his preface, 
" acd omnlno humillter, et ob id aiidenter amrmaverlm, 
quia nisi spiritus sapicntlae et intellectus mini afloisset 
ct affluidsset, tarn dlmoill metro tarn longum opua con- 
texere non euitinuissem." 

As to tbe character of the metre, on the other hand, 
opinions have widely differed, for while Dr. Neale, in his 
Mediaeval ITymnt, speaks of lis " majestic sweetness," 
and In his preface to tbe JmytAm qf Bernard de Jforlaix 
en the Cdutial Country, says that ft seems to him " one 
of the loveliest of mediaeval measures •" Archbishop 
Trench in his Sac. Lat, Poetry, IBIS. p. 311, says " it 
must be confessed that" these dactylic heiwucter* 
M present aa unattractive a garb for poetry to wear as 
can well be Imagined ;" and, a few lines further on, notes 
"the awkwardness and impulsiveness of the metre," 
The truth perhaps lies between these two very opposite 
criticisms. Without seeking io claim for the nwire all 
that Dr. Neale is willing to attribute to it, it may be 
fairly said to be admirably adapted for tbe purpose to 
which It has been applied by Bernard, whoso awe-stricken 
self-abasement as be contemplates in tbe spirit of tbe 
publican, 44 who would not to much as lift up his eyes unto 
heaven," the Joys and the glory of the celestial country, 
or sorrowfully reviews the vices of his age, or solemnly 
denounces God's Judgments on tbe reprobate, it elo- 
quently pourtraya. So much is this the case, that the 
prevailing sentiment of tho poem, tliat, viz., or an 
awful apprehension of tbe Joys of heaven, the enormity 
of sin, and the terrors of hell, seems almust wholly lost 
in such translations as that of Dr. Ne&le. Beautiful as 
they are as hymns, "llrief life Is liere our portion," 
" Jerusalem tbe Golden," and their companion extracts 
from this great work, are far too Jubilant to give uny 
idea of the prevailing tone of tbe original, (See 
Han Koviasima.) 

In the original poem of Bernard it should 
be noted that the same fault has been ro- 
marked by Archbishop Trench, Dean Stan- 
ley, and Dr. Ncale, which may bo given in the 
Archbishop's words as excusing at tlio same 
time both the want, which still exists, of a 
voiy close translation of any part, and of a 
complete and continuous rendering of the 
whole poem. "The poet," observes Arch- 
bishop Trench, " instead of advancing, eddies 
round and round his object, recurring aguin 
and again to tliat whiols be seemed thoroughly 
to have discussed and dismissed." Son. Lat. 
Poetry, 1873, p. 311. On other grounds also, 
more especially the character of the vices 
which the author lashes, it is alike impossible 
to expect, and undesirable to obt/iin, a literal 
translation of tho whole. We may well be 
content with what we already owe to it as 
additions to our stores of church-hymns. 

[I). 8. W.] 



138 



BERRIDGE, JOHN 



Berridge, John, b. at Kingston, Notts, 
March 1> 1716, and educated at Clare Hall, 
Cambridge. In 1719 he was ordained as 
cuTate to the parish of Stapleford, near Cam- 
bridge, and in 1755 he was preferred to the 
Vicarage of Everton, whero he d., Jan. 22, 
1793. Bis epitaph, written by himself for his 
own toral»Btone (with date of death filled in), 
is au epitome of his life. It reads :— 

" Here lies the. remalnB of John Berridge, Ut* Vicar of 
Everton, and an Itinerate servant of Jesus Christ, who 
loved his Master and HIb work \ and after running on 
Rig errands for many years, was caught up to wait on 
Him above. Reader! art thin born again ? (Noaalvo- 
t!on without a new birth.) I wosbom in sin, February, 
11 16 j remained ignorant of my fallen state tiil 17 30; 
lived proudly on faith and works for salvation till 17*4. j 
was admitted to Kvorton Vicarage, 1155 ; fled to Jesus 
for refuge, 1765; fell asleep In Jesus, January 22, 1793." 

The first collection of Berrtdge's hymns was 
pub. as A Collection of Divine Songs, 176*. 
This was subsequently suppressed. In 1785 
bis StWs Songs ; m; Hymns composed for the 
use of Utem that tone and foUwe the Lord Jesus 
Christ in Sincerity were pub. The work 
contains 312 hymn?, some of which lutd 
previously appeared in the Gospel Magazine 
(from 1775 to 1777, 20 in all), under the sig- 
nature of " Old Ever ton " and others were 
adapted from C. "Wesley. The most popular 
of these in modern collections are, "Jestis, 
cast a look on me ;" " O happy saints who 
dwell in light;" and "Since Jesus freely did 
appear." Concerning his hymns pub. in 
1785, lie Buys in his Preface : — 

"Twelve years Ago these hymns were composed in a 
six monlhh' Illness, and have since Laid neglected by 
me, often threatened with the fire, hut have escaped 
tnat martyrdom." [J. J.j 

Bertram, Robert Altken, s. of Rev. 
J. M. Bertram, v.v., of St. Helena, b. at 
Hftuley, 1836, and educated nt Owen's 
College, Manchester, and as a Congregational 
ministir has laboured in St. Helena, Mau- 
chpstcr, Barnstaple, Nottingham ant! Llnnclly. 
Mr. Bertram is author of several works, in- 
cluding A Dietiattary of Poetical Illustrations, 
1877; A Homilttie Encyclopaedia of Illustra- 
tions in Theology and Morals, 1880 and was 
also one of the editors of The Cavendish Hym- 
nal, prepnred in 1861 for tiio use of tlie congre- 
gation of Itev. Josejrh Parker, n.D.,at that time 
minister of Cavendish Chapel, Manchester. 
To that collection he contributed, under the 
initials "Ii. A. B.," the following hymns, 
severrd of which have passed into otlicr 
hynm-t.ooks ;— 

I. As kings and priests we hope to shine- f?ross and 
Crown. 

3. Behold Thy servant, Lord. Induction of a 
Minister, 

3. Father of Jesus, Lord of Love, Love to God desired. 

■4, Jesus, hail, Thou Lord of glory. Ascension. 

6, Look down. Lord, In love on these, Jtectptitm 
into Church Mtmbersh ip. 

fl. Lord of glory, throned on high. ClLildren'a Ifymn 
for yew Tear. 

*i. Met to remember Thee, Lord, Holy Com- 
munion. 

S. O Christ, with all Thy members one. Oneness with 
Christ, 

B. Our hearts still joy in Th^e. &tnday. 

10. Saviour, still the same Thou art, jlvly Baptiton 

II. Seeking, Lord, Thy word to heed. X. i*. Mocker's 
7/jriHR. 

IS. Sing loud for Joy, ye saints of Qod. Reception 
into Church Membership. 

13, Spirit of life, and power and light., -Whitsuntide. 

14. Swiftly fly, our changeful days. Sunday, 



BETHTTNE, G. W. 

15. Ten thousand thousand are Tby hosts. £&»» 
tnunion of Saints. 

IB. Thanks to Tby Name for evety pile. Opening 
of a Flcce of Worship. 

If. Thou Prince of life, our praises hear, ratsion- 
tide. 

Is. With vision purged byThtneowngrace. Heaven* 

The hymn on "Hope," "Bending before 
Thy throne on high," in the Cavendish Hym- 
nal, 1864, was contributed thereto by Mrs. 
Mary Ann Bertram, wife of our author, b. 
mi, and d. 1861. [W. II. R) 

Beset with snares on every hand. 

P. Doddridge. [Mary's choice.'] This hymn 
is not in Die d. mss. It was 1st pub. by J. 
Ortoit in the posthumous ed. of Doddridge's 
Hymns, 1755. No. 207, in 1 St. of 1 3., and 
headed "Mary's Choice of the Better Part;" 
and again in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the 
some, 1839. Although used but sparingly in 
the hymnals of G. Britain, in America it U 
fouud in many of the leading collections, and 
especially in those belonging to the Unita- 
rians. The tr. — "In vitae dubio tramite 
transeo," in Bingham's Hymno. Christ. Lot, 
1871, p. 109 — is mode from an altered text 
in Biokerstcth's Christian Psalmody, 1833. 

Beenault, Ahb6, a Priest of St. Maurice, 
Sens, in 1726, and one of the contributors to 
the Clitniac Breviary, 1686, aud the Paris 
Breviary, 1736. 

Bestow, dear Lord, upon our youth. 
W. Cowper. [For the Young.] This hymn is 
the second of three " Hymns before Annual 
Sermons to Young People, on New Year's 
Evenings" (the 1st and 3rd being by J. New- 
ton), which were pub. in the Olixey Hymns, 
1779, Bk, ii., No. 8, in 6 st. of 4 1. and signed 
"C." In Cotterill's Sel, 1S10, No. 93, it w.ib 
given as — " Bestow, Lord, upon our youth.'' 
Both this form and the original ore in C. V. 
The original, with the omission of st. iv., is tn 
the Meth. Free Ck. S. 8. H. M., No. 15a ; in 
full, in the Aiuer. Presb. Ps. & Hys. for the 
Worship of God, Richmond, 1867, and others. 
Cotterill's text, with the omission of st iv., is 
in Stowell's Set., 1831 and 1877. 

Bethune, George Washington, d.d. A 
very eminent divine of the Eeiormed Dutch 
body, born in New York, 1805, graduated at 
Dickinson Coll., Carlisle, Phils., 1822, and 
studied theology at Princeton, In 1827 ho was 
appointed Pastor of the Reformed Botch 
Church, Itinebcck, New York. Inl830passed 
to Utico, iu 1834 to Philadelphia, and in 1850 
to Iho Biooklyn Heights, New York. In 
1861 he visited Florence, Italy, for his health, 
and died in that city, almost suddenly after 
preaching, April 27, 1862. His Life and 
Letters were edited by A. It. Van Nest, 1867. 
He was offered the Chancellorship of New 
York University, and the Pi-ovostsliip of the 
University of Pennsylvania, both of which 
he declined. His works include The Fruits 
of the Spirit, 1839; Sermons, 1847; Lays of 
Isme & Faith, 1847; The British Female 
rods, 1S48, and others. Of his hymns, 
isonie of which liave attained to some repute, 
wc huvu ; — 

1. Toned upon InVa racing billow. Sitilo/ J s 
1/ymn. Appeared in the Christian Lyre, 1830 ; 
in the Scatnen's Devotional Assistant the same 
year, and iu Dr. Bethuae's Lays, 1847, p. lot), 



BETTS, H. J. 

fa 3 st. of 8 1. It " ia said to have been the 
Author's first and favourite hymn, having been 
written when he was on a voyage to the West 
Indies, for the benefit of hie health, in the year 
1825 " (Lyra Sac. Amur, p. 297). It ia a " Sailor's 
Hymn ; " as such it was given in Lyra Sac. 
Amer., and thence passed into The Hynxaary, 
1872, and other English collections. 

i. for the hifpy hour. Whitsuntide. "A 
Prayer for the Spirit," contributed to the Parish 
Hymns, Phila-, 1843, and republished in the 
Lays, Ac, 1847, p. 158, in 6 st. of 4 1. It is 
found in many modern collections. 

*. It Is sot death to die. A translation of 
Csesar Malan's " Non, ce n'est pas monrir," (q.v.) 
from his Lays, 1B4T, p. 141, in 5 St. of 4 1. As 
stated above, Dr. Bethnne died at Florence. 
His remains were taken to New York, and 
buried in Greenwood Cemetery. This hymn, in 
Compliance with a request made by him before 
his death, was sung at his funeral. It is found 
in several English hymnals. 

4. Lifbt of Has Immortal 7aUtsi'a glory, 
Eteniny. A tr. of the Greek hymn ♦*« [Xap6v 
(q.v.). It appeared in his Lays, &c, 1847, 
p. 137, in 2 it. of 8 1., ani is in C. U. 

6. Farewell to the*, brother. Parting. "The 
departing missionary," pub. in his Lays, lie., 
1847, p. 170, in 5 st. of 4 1., and included iu 
Lyra Sac Amer,, 1868, and thence into English 
collections. It is not in C. U. in America. 

t. Jesus, when I think of Thee. Easter. 
This is said to bear the date of 1947. It was 1st 
pub. in his Life, kc, 1867. Included in Lyra 
Sac, Amer. (where it is stated to have been 
found in its. amongst the author's papers), and 
from the Lyra into Euglish collections. It is 
an Easter hymn of no special merit. 

7. Come, let ns one of Jesus, S. Schools. 
Pub. in 1850, suited to Suuday schools, and is 
found in Snepp's & of Q. $ G. and others. 

I. Then 'Wno in Jordan didst bow Thy meek 
head. Adutt Baptism. Written for and much 
used by the Baptists. It is dated 1 857. 

B, There is no Hunt so sweet en earth. Name 
of Jesus. Said by Mr. H. P. Main to be by Dr. 
Bethune. It has been wrongly ascribed to 
£. Roberts, a musician. 

10. When time seems short and death is near. 
Death anticipated. This was found in the 
author's portfolio, and was written on Saturday, 
April 27th, 1862, the day before his death at 
Florence (Life, &c, p. 409). It was included in 
the Lyra Sic. Amer., 18(58, and from thence 
passed into one or two English hymnals. 

Ip his Lays, Ac, 1817, Dr. Bethuno in- 
cluded the following " Christmas Carol* for 
Sunday School Children " ; 

1. The Almighty Spirit to a poor, ka. 

2. Joy And gladness, joy and gladness. 

3. Full many a year bos sped. 

4. We come, we come, with loud acclaim. 

In tlio same work there are also metrical 
renderings of Psalms ix., xix,, xxiii., exxvi., 
and cxiviL In the Lyra Saera Aittericuna, 
14 pieces by Dr. Bethune are given, including 
many of the above. [li 1 . M. B.] 

Batte, Henry John, was b. 1825, at Groat 
Yarmouth, where his father was a Bnptist 
minister. He entered the Baptist ministry 
in 1847,and Jaboured successively in London, 



BEYOND THE GUTTERING 139 

Edinburgh, Bradford (Yorks,), Manchester, 
Darlington, and Neweaatle-upon-Tyne. Mr. 
Betts has pub. a small volume of hymns and 
poetical translations, entitled Early Blossoms, 
1812 ; two vols, of sermons on Scripture Lo- 
calities and their Associations," 1853; Lecture) 
on Elijah, 1856:; and at different times single 
sermons and lectures. For some years lie 
was editor of the Primitive Church Mugatine. 
His Children's Hosannah appealed in 1861, 
From it the following hymns are in C. U. : — 

1. Beautiful Star, wbose heavenly light, Christ tit 
9tar. 

2. Jesus, Tboa art meek and lowly. Jesus Paired. 

3. Oar Father God, Who art in heaven. Ifte £oi(f» 
Prayer. 

4. There (s a lamp whose steady light. ffafyScriptnre. 
Those are found in Major's Bk. of Praise, 

and some other collections. [W. E. S.] 

Bevan, Emma Frances, nee Bhnttle- 
worth, dan. of the Bev. Philip Nicholas Shut- 
tieworth, Warden of New Coll., Oxford, after- 
wards Bp. of Chichester, was b. at Oxford, 
Sept. 25, 1837, and was married to Mr. K. C. 
L. Bevnn, of the Lombard Street banking 
firm, in 1856, 

Mrs. Bevsn pub. in IB5S a series of trs. from the 
the German as Sons* of Sternal Life (Loud., Hamilton, 
Adams, & Co.), in a volume wbhsb, from its unusual 
size and eonipirotive rostliness, has received less atten- 
tion than It deserves, ibr the trs. n re decidedly above the 
Average in merit. A number have come into C. tf -, bat 
Almost always vrltbont her oome, the best known being 
those noted under '.'0 Gott, O Geiot, O Ueht des 
Lebens," and " Jedea Hen will etwas 11 ben." Most of 
these are annotated throughout this Dictionary under 
their Authors' names, or (Sermnn first Hives. That at 
p. 630, "O past ore the fast-days.,— tlie F<«st-d*y, the 
Feast-day Is come" Is a tr. through the German from the 
Persian of Dschellaleddln Rami 1M7-12T3. Mm. Bevsn 
also pub. Songs o/ Praise fur Christian Pilgrims 
(Lond., HotnLlton, Adams, 18581, the trs. ia which are 
also annotated throughout this IMctionuiy as far ab pos- 
sible. [J, M.] 

Beyond, beyond the [that] boundless 
Sea. J. Conder. [Omnipresence of the II. 
Spirit .] Appeared in his Star in the East with 
Other Poems, 1824, pp. 74, 75, in 5 st. of 6 I., 
headed, " A Thought on the Sea Shore, 
'Though He be not far from every one of us,' 
Acts xvii. 27;" and dated, " Happisbm-gh, 
June, 1822." In 1856 it was repeated in his 
Hymns of Praise, Prayer, &c, p. 53, with 
slight changes in st. iv. and v. The congre- 
gational use of this hymn bpgau with Curtis'* 
Union Coll., 1827, No. 21, and extended to 
Cinder's Cong. H. Bk., 1836; the Leeds 11. 
Bk., 1853 ; the Bap. Psalms & Hymns, 1858 ; 
the New Cong., 1850, and others. Its use is 
fairly extensive, both in O. Britain and in 
America. Iu Murtincau's Hymns, 1810, and 
Jlys. of Praise and Prayer, 1873, it leads— 
" O God, beyond that boundless sea," and st 
iii. is also omitted. 

Beyond the glittering, starry globes. 

J.Fatich. [Ascension.] This hymn appeared 
in the Gfo^pd Mar/azine, June, 1776. It was 
signed " F.," i.e. Fanch, and is na folio wd ; — 
Christ s*en of Angels : t Tiro, lit., 1C. 
1, *' Ri'vond tlfe glJtt'rinjr starry globes, 
Far us til' eternal bills, 
There, in the boundless worlds of light. 
Our great Redeemer dwells, 
3. " legions of angels, stro ig and fair. 
In countless amvyBslitne, 
At Ins right hand, with golden harps 
To offer son&s divine. 



140 BEYOND THE SMILIKG 

3. '"Hall, Prince 1' (tiiey cry) 'forever bill! 

Whow aneuropled love, 
Mov'd Thee to quit these glorious realm", 
And royaltys above*' 

4, "Whilst He did condescend, on earth, 

To suffer rude disdain j 
They threw their honore at His feet, 
And waited in His train, 
C. " Thro* all His travels here below 
The; did Hie steps attend; 
Oil Eai'd i end wonderM where, at last! 
This scene of Love would end. 
6* " They saw His heart transfixed with -wounds, 
His crimson sweat and gore : 
They saw Him break the bars of death, 
\\ hich none efer broke before. 
T. " Tbey brought His chariot from above 
To bear Him to His throne; 
Qapt their iTtumphant wings, and cry'd 
* The glorious work is done ! ' " 

Of this text the following arrangements 
have come into C. U. : — 

1. The original, slightly altered, tn Toplady's Ft. * 
Hyi., WIS (but omitted from the 2nd cd., 1T»1); Lie 
Cuiircy'i Calltction, 4 th ed. t 1193, No. 264; Joseph 
Mlildlrton's Si/mrtt, 1193, No. 211; and others. 

i. " Hcyond, beyond the starry skies," in Kemp- 
tliorne's f$. A }Iyt. r 1810, No. i&; and later works. 

3. " Beyond this glittering starry sky." InCotterM's 
&!., 1810, No. 39, with omission of et. HI. and iv. t and 
Uw addition of st. vl. In the 8th ed., 181», this was 
altered by the restoration of the original arrangement 
of stanzas, st. L1L being also restored. It is found ui later 
collections. 

4. ''Beyond the glittering starry shies." In Elliott's 
f>, and Hyi., 1B15. This Is the orig. text very sliglitly 
altered. It is repeated in the A', ukg., lass, but attri- 
buted to Gregg in error. 

The most popular fonus of this hymn arc 
centos from it in it a enlarged form in 28 
stanzas. This expansion by the addition of 
21 slauzug was made by D. Turner (q. v.) 
and pub. in bis .Poems in 179t. Of those 
21 st,, 19 we given in Lord Sel borne' s Bit. of 
Praise, 1862, together with the first four by 
Fauch slightly altered. The centos from 
the Faneh-Turner text are most confusing. 
Opening with "Beyond the glittering, starry 
skies," we have these groups amongst others ;— 

(1) Smith and Stow's Bap. Pialmitt, Boston, U.S., 
1813, and others. (2) Bap. Service of Seng, Boston, 
U.M., Mil, &c. (S) Spurgeon's O. O. 11. Mk., 1866; 
Hntpp's 8. of G. and <r. y WWilfyi. ic St/ngs of Praia, 
N.Y., 1S14, and others. ' " 



U) Dap. ft. and iiyi., 1S6«. 



{3} Nap. Ifymnat-j 1S70. These by no means exhaust 
the list ; hut tliey are sufficient to show that no 
arrangement nor text, other tlian the original, can be 
depended upon wlieio accuracy is require,!. 

Anotlier arrangement which is somewhat popular in 
America is the h.m. hymn, " Jleyund tlie starry skies." 
It is rewritten from the fondi-Turner text, and amongst 
mudem hymnals is found in the Plj/tnouth, IS6B; ffyt. 
Jort'A.aF'dJ/omcjIliil*., lsuo ; Songs for the Sanctuary, 
M. Y., 1HU5-71; Lamia Uomini, N. V., 1031, and others. 

In the Atierl™ (-*«i-ca I'astorals, Boston, 1H61, No. 
16:1, Is a cento from Turner's addition to Fanch's hymn. 
It begins, " Blest angels who adoring wait." 

In the Baptist Register of March, 1731, the 
following note concerning tbo Faneh-Tumer 
text is given. It is addressed to Dr. Kippou 
by D. Turner, and dated Feb, 22, 1791. 

"As to your enquiry concerning the hymn 'Jesus 
seen of Angels ' [this liymn], it is true, as you were told 
by our good brother Medley that one part of it was made 
by my ileor friend the licv, James ranch, of Rumsoy, 
and the other part by jnc." fj, JT 

Beyond the smiling and the weep- 
ing, H. Botiar. [Heaven anticipated.] 
Pub. inhis-ffys. of Faith and Hope, 1st series, 
1857, in 6 st. of 8 1., the List three lines being 
a refrain. In G. Britain it is found in one or 
two collections only, but in America its use 
is somewhat extensive, but usually with ahbre- 



BE2E, THfLODOEB DE 

viationa and the change in the refrain of 
" Sweet hope I" to " Sweet hme ! " This 
last change hus destroyed the loving tender- 
ness of the refrain, and could never have been 
made by a poet. The refrain reads in the 
original : 

r Love, rest, and home I 

Sweet hope I 

Lord, tarry not, but come," 

Beyond the wicked [holy! city walls. 
Cecil F. Alexander. {Oood Friday.] 1st pub. 
in her Narrative Hymns for Village School*, 
1859, No. 17, in ti st, of 4 1. and headed, 
" Where they crucified Hitu." It is sometimes 
given as, " Beyond the koly city walls." This 
alteration destroys all tbe point and meaning 
of the hymn. 

Besce, Theodore de, b. at Vezelay, in 
Burgundy, 1519; d. 1605. Beat's father 
was of noble birth. He occupied the post of 
bailiff at Vezelay. Beza received a first-rate 
classical education under Melchior Wohnar. 
Before he was 20 ho wrote some poetry in 
imitation of Catullus and Ovid, the licentious' 
ness of which ho mourned and condemned in 
alter years. A brilliant prospect of Church 
emoluments turned his attention from the 
distasteful study of law. The income of tbe 
Priory of Longjumeau made him rich, and he 
becarao a prominent member of tho literary 
world at Paris. But his entrance into 
Orders was barred by a secret marriage with 
Claudiue Denosse. Subsequently, when the 
offer of the abbey of Froidmont by his uncle 
made it necessary for him to decide between 
avowing his marriage and renouncing the 
prospect, or repudiating lis wife, ho decided, 
under tho solemn conversion produced by a 
dangerous illness, to abandon the Roman 
Church, and break with his whole past life. 
He left for Geneva (1548), and there publicly 
married. His first scheme for a living was to 
join his old comrade Jean Crespin, then at 
Geneva, in printing ; but his appointment to 
the Professorshipof Grvek at Lausanne (1549), 
left tbe printing office in the hands of Crespin. 
Before his departure fioni Geneva ho had 
been on intimate terms with Calvin ; and the 
discovery of a metrical rendering of Ps. 16 
on Bc&l's table at Geneva led Calvin to 
suggest to him tbe completion of Marat's 
Psalm*. At Lausanne he became a friend of 
Vii-irt He stayed there ten years, during 
which ho wrote a tragi -comedy, and 40 of 
bis metrical Psalms (30 pub. in 1551, 
more in 1554). lie had whilst at Lausanno a 
n.nrrow escape from death by the plague. In 
1557 he wont with tfarel and Budaeiu to ask 
fur tbe intercession of the German Protestant 
Princes in behalf of the persecuted Hugue- 
nots, and hod interviews with Melancbthon. 
In 1559 he was appointed pastor at Geneva, 
Assistant Professor of Theology to Calvin, and 
tlie first Rector of the newly founded College 
of Geuevo. With Peter Martyr and others 
ho represented the Huguenots in tho con- 
ference with the Queen-Mother and Cardinal 
Lorraine, nt Poissy (1561), and remained at 
Paris nearly two years afterwards. His 
French metrical Ptaiter, in continuation of 
Marat, was completed in 1562. Calvin's 
death, 1564, left Beza the foremost figure at 
Geneva. In 1571, at the summons of the 



BIANCO DA SIENA 

King of Navarre, bo presided nt the Synod of 
the Reformed Churches at Rochelle; and 
again (1572) at Nismes. His wife died in 
1588, and he married again soon afterwards. 
HU public life, as a theologian, a preacher, 
and administrator, ceased about 1598, though. 
he preached again for the Inst time in 1600, 
He was honoured till his death; only three 
years before which the Landgrave of Hesse 
visited him, when passing through Geneva. 
The works of Bean nre very numerous. As a 
controversialist, a commentator, an investi- 
gator of the test of the New Testament, he 
occupied a high place in Ma lime. Among 
his ohief works are: Annotations in If. 1., 
1556; Notmm Tettamentam, 155G; Psalms, 
with paraphrase in Latin, 1579; Life of Galvin, 
15S3. Sou Flunk Putters for an account of his 
continuation of Marot's Metrical Psiilter. 

[H. L. B.] 

Bianco da Siena, b. at Anoiolina, in the 
Vol d'Arno, date unknown. In 1307 he entered 
the Order of Jesuates, consisting of unordained 
men who followed the rule of St. Augustine. 
This order was instituted in that year by 
one John Colomhinus of Siena, and suppressed 
by Pope Clement IX. in 1668. Little is 
known of Bianco beyond the fact that he is 
said to have lived in Venice for some years, 
and d. there in H34. His hymns were pub, 
at Lucca, in 185J, and edited by T. Bim, 
under the title, Laudi spiriluali del Bianco da 
Siena. This work contains 02 pieces. Of 
these the following liavo been translated into 
English, and have come into C. U. : — 

1, Buoendi, Amor unto. The HcAy Spirit de- 
sired. This is No. 35 in the above work and is 
in 8 st. Of these, Dr. Littledaie gave 4 in the 
People's If., 18*17, No. 473, as, "Come down, 
Love Divine." 

%, Ossu Christo amoroso, Missions. This is 
Ho. 79 of the above woYk. It has been rendered 
into English by Dr. Littledaie, and was pub. in 
the People's If., 1867, No. 400, as, **0 Jesu 
Chriat, the loving." 

t, Vergbu santa, speia ittu' Afnello. St. Lucy. 
V. M. This is also from the foregoing work, 
No. 74, in 15 st. of 3 L Dr. Littledale's tr. in 
the People's H., 1867, No. 226, is in 7 at. of 4 1,, 
and begins, "O Virgin Spouse of Christ the 
Lamb." 

t. Ami Jan el tat spaes duetto. Love for Jesus. 
This is No, 45 in the above work, in 33 st. In 
1869 Dr. Littledaie contributed a canto there- 
from to K, Brett's Office of the Most Holy Name. 
This was transferred to Brooke's Churchman's 
Manual of 1'riv. $ Family Devotion, 1882. It 
begins, "Love Jesus, Who hath sought thee so." 

Although the trs. Nos. 1-3 have not gone any 
further than the People's H., Nos. 1 and 2 are 
worthy of more extended use. [J. J.] 

Biaroweky , Wilhelm Edua-rd Imma- 
nuel von, e. of F. M. F. von Biaiowsky, a 
member of the Bavarian Government, was b. at 
Munich Oct. 8, 1814. After studying at Munich 
and Erlangen, ho bconrae, in 1840, German 
minister at Eolle, on the Lake of Geneva, and 
thereafter for some time assistant in Munich. 
He became, in 1845, pastor at W&itzenbach, 
Lower Franoonia, but resigned in 1857, and 
after a year spent in Munich, was appointed 



BICKEBSTETH, E. H. 



141 



first pastor of the Neuatadt Erlangen, nnd in 
1860 deoan of Erlangen, He d. at Erlangen, 
Juno 2, 1882 {Koch, vii. 309-310; xs„ &e., 
from his widow). 

He took an interest [n tbe preparation of the Bavarian 
O. B., 1854, arid strove for the retention or hymns in 
their original Ibrms. His hymns (which are mostly 
translations front tbe Latin) appeared principally in his 
Oedickte, Stuttgart, 1854, and his GUekenkUmgt, Erlan- 
gen, LtrtrtL One has been tr. Into English, via. :— 

Ktsta Htrr, verfiss mem nioht. [Supplication,] 
1st puh. in Knapp's Chrittoterpe. 1844, p. 183, in 6 st.of 
s 1., repeated in lew aa above. Included as 80. less in 
Knapp's jfu. U S„ I860 (18*5, No. I'm). Tr. US!— 
*' My God, forget me not, by Miss Jane Borthwiek in 
B. L. /,., 166!!. [J. M.j 

BiekerBtetb., Edward, son of Hunry 
Biekersteth, surgeon, of Kirkby-Lonsdale, 
Westmoreland, and brother of John Bicker- 
steth, b. at Kirkby-Lonsdale, Mar. 19, 1786. 
In 1801, he received an appointment in the 
General Post Office, but relinquished it in 
1806 for tho study of law. Subsequently, in 
1815, he took Holy Orders, and proceeded to 
visit tho stations of the Church Miss. Society 
in West Africa. On his return he became the 
resident Secretary of the Society till 1830, 
when he was preferred to the Hectory of 
Watton, Herts, where he d, Feb, 28, 1850, 
H is works, which are numerous, were pub., in 
16 vols., in 1853. His Christian Psalmody, 
pub. 1833, enlarged ed. 1841, has had a moat 
powerful and testing influence upon the 
hymnody of the Church of England. Of the 
hymns contained therein a large proportion 
are still in O. U., and in many instances in 
the form in which they were given in that 
collection in 1833 and 1841. His hymns, con- 
tributed to the 1st ed. of his collection, are : — 

1. Light of the world, shine on our Souls. S. Scrip- 
(ure«. 

2. Lord of the harvest, hear us now. During minft- 
terial vacancy. 

3. Lord, shed Thy grow on every heart. Social 
meeting. 

4. O for a single heart for God. Single heart dttired. 
t>. OifweknowtheJorfulBotuid, Boole Societiei. 

fl. Our Saviour Cbrlst will quickly come. Advent. 

7. Theday of birth, my Bout, improve. Birthday. 

8. W&lb-withtby God — A sinner -walk. Enoch watlted 
wf(* God. [J. J,] 

Biekerstetli, Edward Henry, d.d., s. 
of the above, b. at Islington, Jan. 1825, and 
educated at Trinity College, Cambridge (b.a. 
with honours, 1847; m.a., 1850). On taking 
Holy Orders in 1848, he became curate of 
Banninghnm, Norfolk, and then of Christ 
Church, Tunbridge Wells. His preferment 
to the Rectory of Hinton-Mnrtell, in 1852, 
was followed by that of the Vicarage of Christ 
Church, Hempstead, 1855. In 1885 he became 
Dean of Gloucester, undthe same year Bishop 
of Exeter. Bishop Bickcrsteth's works, chiefly 
poetical, ore : — 

(1) Poems. 1843} (2) Water from. the Wt£i-tpring, 
IMS ; (3) The Rock of Agct, less ; (4) Commentary on 
the Jfttf Tata-aunt, 18M; (5) yesterday, lb-day, and 
ForEwr, 18675 («) The Spirit of Life, 1868; (1) T*e 
Too Brothers and other Poam, 1ST1; £8) The Mailer's 
Home Clail, 18)2 ; Is) TheSkodewed Heme and the Light 
Beymd,lB14,; (10) J*** Ketf and otter Paretics, 18)3; 
(11) Sutwi in, tie Boutt of rilgi-unage, H.n. ; (11) Prom 
• rear to Year, 1883. 

As an editor of hymnals, Bp. Bickerateth has 
also been most successful. Hisoolleotionsare: — 
(1) Ptalms & Byant, 1858, based on hla rather^ Chris- 
tian P»fHud#, which passed thmnRh several editions; 
(2) The .rtynmol Co>npaniim,Wio ; (3) Thelfymnal Com- 



142 



BICKEBSTETH, JOHN 



fanim revised atut enlarged, IBIS. Nob. 2 and 3, which 
are two editions of the »dib collection, have attained tuan 
extensive circulation. [Oh. of England Hymsody.] 

About 30 of Bp, Bickerstcth's hymns aro 
In C. U. Of these the best and must widely 
known are; — "Almighty Father, hear our 
cry " ; " Come ye yourselves apart and rest 
awhile"; "Fathtr of heaven above "; "My 
God, my Father, dost Thou call " : "0 Jesu, 
Saviour of the lost"; ''Peace, perfect peace"; 
" Beat in the Lord " ; " Stand, Soldier of the 
Cross"; "Thine, Thine, for ever "; and " Till 
He come." 

As a poet Bp. Bickersteth is well known. 
His reputation as a hymn-writer has also ex- 
tended fitr and wide. Joined with a strong 
grasp of liia subject, true poetic feeling*, a pure 
rhythm, there is a soothing pldintivcness and 
individuality in his hymns which give them a 
distinct character of their own. His thoughts 
are usually with the individual, and not with 
the mass: with the single soul and his God, 
and not with a vast multitude buwed in adora- 
tion before the Almighty. Hence, although 
many of hut hymns are eminently suited to 
congregational purposes, and have attained to 
a wide popularity, yet his finest productions 
are those whioh are beat suited for private use. 

[J. J.] 

Bickersteth, John, w.a., e. of Henry 

Bickersteth, surgeon, b. at Kirkby-Lonsdale, 
June, 19, 1781, and educated at the Grammar 
School of that town, and Trinity College, Cam- 
bridge,wherehegraduatedinboBoars. Taking 
Holy Orders, he became Vicarof Acton, Suffolk, 
and subsequently Eector of Sapcota, Leicester- 
shire. He d. Oct. 2, 1855. The Dean of 
Lichfield is his second, and the late Bp. of 
Ripon bis fourth son. In ISIS) ho pub. PaaEmt 
and Hymns, selected and revised for Public, 
Social, Family, or Secret Devotion, in which 
hu hymns were included. A fourth oil., much 
enlarged, appeared in 1832. Of his hymns 
contributed to his Coll- in 1819, the following 
were transferred to his brother's Christian 
Ffalmody, 1833 :— 

1. Great God, tet children to Thy throne. S. Schooli. 

3. Flaat Thou, holy Lord, Redeemer. If. Communion. 

3. iBrael'a Shepherd, guide me, feed me. M. Ommu- 
nion, 

and were thus brought into wider notice than 
through his own work. No. 3 is sometimes 
given as " Heavenly Shepherd, guide us, feed 
as," as in the Amer. Unitarian Hyt. of the 
Spirit, Boston, 1864. [J. J.] 

Bienemann, Caspar, s. of Oonrad 
Bienetnanu, a burgess of Numbcrg, was b. at 
Niiniberg, Jan. 3,1540. After the completion 
of his studies at Jena and Tubingen, ho was 
scut by the Emperor Maximilian II. with an 
embassy to Greece as interpreter. In Greece 
be assumed the name of Melis&ander (a tr. into 
Greek of his Gorman name), bywhich he is fre- 
quently known. After his return he was ap- 
pointed Professor at Lauingen, Bavaria, and 
then AbtatBahr(Lahr?), and General Super- 
intendent of Pfatz Neuburg ; but on the out- 
break of the Synergistic Controversy he had 
to resign his post. In 1571 be received from 
the University of Jena the degree of d.d., and 
in the same year was appointed, by Duke 
Job&ttn Wilhelm, of Snehsen Weimar, tutor to 
the Orown Prince Friedrich "Wilhelm, But 



BILBY, THOMAS 

when on the death of the Duke, in 1573, the 
Elector August, of Saxony, assumed the Re- 
gency, the Calvinistic court party gained the 
ascendancy, and succeeded in displacing 
Bienemann and other Lutheran pastors in the 
Ducby, Finally, in 1578, he was appointed 

Ctor and General Superintendent at Alten- 
g, and d. there Sept. 12, 1591 {Koch, ii. 
218-252 ; AUg. Deutsche Biog.. ii. G26). One 
of his hymns has passed into English. 

Herr wte du willt, m aehiok* mit mir. [Resig- 
nation.] Written in 1574, while he was tutor 
to the children of Duke Johann Wilhelm of 
Sachsen Weimar, in expectation of a coming pes- 
tilence* He taught it ns a prayer to his pupil 
the Princess Maria, then three years old, the 
initial letters of the three stanzas (H. Z. S.) 
forming an acrostic on her title, Hcrttogin ztt 
Sachsen. The Princess afterwards adopted as 
her motto the woTds "Herr wie du willt," and 
this motto forms the refrain of "Jesus, Jesus, 
niehts sis Jesus," the best known hymn of the 
Countess Ludaniilia Elizabeth of Schwarzburg- 
Rudolstadt (q. v.), (see Koch, viii. 370-371). 
This hymn " Herr wie " was 1st pub. in B.'s Bet' 
b&ctilein, Leipzig, 1582, in 3 St. of 7 1., marked as 
C. Meliss D. 1574, with the title, " Motto and 
daily prayer of the illustrious and noblo Princess 
and I.ady, Lady Maria, by birth, Duchess of 
Saxony, Landgravine of Thuringia and Margra- 
vine of Meissen." Thence in Wackerwujei, iv. 
p. 714. Includedin the Greifswald6f.fi. 1597, 
and others, nud in the Unv. L. S., 1851, No. 578. 
The trs. in C. tf. are:— 

1. Lord, •* Then wilt, whilst Thou my heart, 
good and full, by A, T. Russell, as No. 105 in 
his Ps. $ Sys., 1851. 

X, Lent, u Theuwilt, deal Thon wifltme, in full, 
by E. Cronenwett, ns No. 409 in the Ohio Luth. 
Hymned, 1880, Another tr. is : — 

" Lord, as Thou wilt, bo do with me," by Dr. a. Walter, 
iseo,p.6J. [J. M.] 

Biggs, Louis Coutier, m.a., the well- 
known writer on Hymns A. tt M. and kindred 
subjects, graduated at Oxford b.a. 1S63. On 
taking Holy Orders he was successively 
Curate of Orendon, Nortliants; Asst. Master 
in Ipswich School ; Rector of Parraoombe, 
Devon; and of Chickeiell, near "Weymouth, 
and Chaplain at Malacca, Singapore, and 
other stations, including Penang in 1875, 
1877, and 1885. Mr. Biggs has pub. ;— 

(1) ffymn* .ancient and Modern inith Annotations 
and Trantlatitmt, I8fl7 ; (2) Supp. Htymntfov tun with 
H.A.tt3f.; (3) English Ilyainotogft (a reprint of articles 
from the Xonthln Factett, 1SJ3; Simgi of other 
Vhurchet (pub. in the Monthly Packet, 1 871-2) t andoite 
or two smaller bytfinologlcal -warks. A few of tho ren- 
derings or English hymns into Latin given in bis 
Annotated II. A, £ M. are by him. 

Bilby, Thomas, s. of John BUby, b. at 
Southampton, April 18, 1794. In 1809 he 
joined tlie army, remaining eight yenr*. Sub- 
sequently bo studied tho Infant School Sys- 
tem under Buol inn an, whose school at Brewer's 
Green, Westminster, is said to hare been the 
first Infants' Sohool opened in England. In 
1825 ho obtained the oharge of a Training 
School at Chelsea, where some 500 teachers 
were instructed in his system. In 1832 he 
proceeded to the West Indies, where be intro- 
duced his system of teaching. On returning 
to England, he became the parish clerk of 



BINNEY. THOMAS 

St. Mary's, Islington. Ho el. Sept. 24, 1872. 
He was one of the founders of " The Hume 
and Cnlomul Infant School Society." Jointly 
with Mr. K. B. Ridgway lie published The 
Nursery Book, The Infant Teacher'* Assistant, 
1831-3ii ; and the Book of Quadrupeds, 1838. 
His hymns appeared in The Infant Teacher's 
Assistant, the best known of which is, " Here 
we suffer grief and pain." 

Binney, Thomas, d.d„ b. at Non-castle- 
rm-Tyne, in 1798, and educated at Wymond- 
ley College, Hertfordshire. Entering the 
ministry, no was successively pastor of a con- 
gregation at Bedford, an Independent Chapel 
at Newport, Isle of Wight, «nd of the Kind's 
Weigh House Chapel, London, 1829. The 
University of Aberdeen conferred upon him 
the lud. degree. He d. Feb. 23, 187*. His 
works, exceeding 50 in number, include Life 
of the Rev. Stephen Morell, 1826; Money, 
1864 ; St. Paul, his Life and Ministry, &a. 
lie wrote a few hymns, including " Eternal 
Light! Eternal Light," and "Holy Father, 
Whom we praise.'* (Close of Service.) 

Bird, Frederic Mayer, b. at Philadel- 
phia, U.S., June 28, 1838, and graduated at 
the University of Pennsylvania, 1857. In 
1860 he became Lutheran pastor at Rhincbeck, 
N. Y. ; in 1866 at Valatie, N, Y„ where he re- 
mained until 1868. In 1868 he joined the 
American Protestant Episcopal Church (dea- 
con 1668, priest 1869), and became Rector at 
Spotswood, New Jersey, 1870-74, and else- 
where to 1881, when he become Chaplain and 
Professor of Psychology, Christian Evidences, 
and Rhetoric in the Lehigh University, South 
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 

Professor Bird compiled with Dr. B. M, Sclitnucker, 
(1) Peimaylranis Hgi. for tkeuttefOu JGeang. Luthe- 
ran Chtttih, lset, revised (and now used) as the Lu- 
theran General Oouncil'a Chunk Book, 1S63J (SSI and 
with Bp. Odenbelmer Songs of tki Spirit, N. Y., 1871-2 ; 
and pub. (3) Charles Wetleff teen iu hit Finer and tea 
familiar 1'eemt, N. Y., 18Htt~^. He Also has conducted 
the department of " Hjron Motes," in the N. York At- 
dtptndtint eiTO.ce 1880. Hla Library of hymnologlcal 
worts Is the largest in the UDited States. 

Blrken, Sigiemirad von, s. of Daniel 
Betulios or Birken, pastor at Wildstein, neni 
Eger, in Bohemia, vrtis b. at Wildstein, May 5, 
1626. In 1629 his father, along with other 
Evangelical pastors, was forced to flee from 
Bohemia, and went to Niimberg. After pass- 
ing through the Egidien- Gymnasium at Num- 
berg Sigismund entered the University of Jena, 
in 1613, and there studied both Law and Theo- 
logy, the latter at his father's dying request. 
Before completing his course in either lie re- 
turned to Nurnberg, in 1645, and on nocount of 
his poetical gifts was there admitted a member 
of the Pegnitz Shepherd and Flower Order. 
At the close of 1645 he was appointed tutor at 
Wolfenbtittel to the Princes of Brunswick- 
Liinehurg, but after a year (during which he 
was crowned as a poet), ho resigned this post. 
After a tour, during which he was admitted 
by Fhilipp v. Zeeeu as a member of the 
German Society (or Patriotic Union), he re- 
turned to Niimberg in 1648, and employed 
himself as a private tutor. In 1654 he was 
ennobled on account of his poetic gifts by the 
Emperor Ferdinand III., was admitted in 1658 
as a member of the Fruitbearing Soeieiy, 



BIKKS, T. B. 



143 



and on the death of Karsdb'rffer, in 1662, 
became Chief Shepherd of the Pegnitfc Order, 
to which from that time he imparted a dis- 
tinctly religions cast. He d. at Numbers;, 
June 12, 1681. (Koch, iii. 478-485; Alia. 
Deutsche Biog., ii. 660 ; Bode, pp. 44-46 ; the 
first dating his death, July, and the last 
dating his birth, April 2«). In his 52 hymns 
he was not able to shake off the artificial 
influences of the time, and not many of them 
have retained a place in German C. U, 
Three have been tr. into English :— 

i. Auf, ant, mem Zbr nnd du main guuer Binn, 
Wirf alien lu«t. [Siindtiy.] 1st pub. (not in 1661, 
btit) in Saubert's Q. B., Niimberg, 1676, No. 
329, in 10 St. Tr. as:— 

(1) "Arouse tliee up! my Heart, my Thought, my 
Mind," by H. J. Svckoll, 1S42, p. 10. (2) "Awake! 
awake !— to holy lliought aspire," by Dr. H. Milti, 18SS. 



ii. Jem, delne Passion, [Passtontide.'] His 
finest hymn, 1st pub. in Snubert's G. Ii. Nurn- 
berg, 1676, No, 83, in 9 st. of 8 1., and included 
as No. 240 in the Berlin Q. L. S. ed., 1863. Ii 
did not appear in 1653. Tr. as : — 

JesuJ be Thy mSerins Ion. A good it. of 
st. i.-iv., by A. T. Russell, as No. 87 in his Ps. 
and Hys., 1851. Another tr. is : — 

" Jesus, ou Thi dying love," hy W. Heid, in the British 
Berald, March, 18«S, p. 46, repeated In hla Praitc St., 

18J2, N(l. 436. 

iii. Laaitet una mit turn ashen. [Passitnlide.] 
1st pub. in J. M. Dilherr's Ileilu/e Karaoeken, 
Number^, 1653, p. 412, in 4 st. of 8 1. Included 
S3 No. 250 in the Berlin G. L. S., ed. 1863. 
The only tr. in C. U, is :— 

Let u* heao*, en Ugh asoeniinf . Good and full, 
by A. T. Russell, as No. 184 in his iV, # Hys., 
1851. His tte. of st. iii., iv., were adopted end 
altered to " Let us now with Christ be dying," 
as No. 635 in Kennedy, 1863. [J, M.] 

Burks, Edward Biokersteth, m.a., s, 

of Professor T. R. Birks, b. at Kelshall, 
Herts, in 1848, and educated nt Cholmeley 
School, Highgale, and Trinity College, Cam- 
bridge (b.a. 1870, w.a, 1873, and also a Fellow- 
ship 1870). On taking Holy Orders, he became, 
in 1878, Curate of St Mary's, Nottingham, 
and, after six months at Greenwich, in 1880, 
Vicar of Tmmpington in 1881, and Vicar of 
St. Michael's, Cambridge, in 1884. Mr. Bides 
is the author of the metrical Litany, "Light 
that from the dark abyss," in the H. Comp., 
1876. It first appeared in Evening Hours 
in 1871 (having been composed in 1869 or 
1870). Others of his pieces arc to bo found 
in Leaves from the Christian Remembrancer. 

Birks, Thomas Bawson, m.a., b. Sept. 
1810, and edacated at Trinity College, Cam- 
bridge (b.a. 1834, m.a. 1837), of which he 
subsequently became a Fellow. Having taken 
Holy Orders in 1837, he became Tteetor of 
Kelshall, Herts, 1844 ; Vicar of Holy Trinity, 
Cambridge, 1866; Hon. Canon of Ely Calhe- 
dral, 1871; and Professor of Moral Philo- 
sophy, Cambridge, 1872. He d. at Cam- 
bridge, July 21, 1883. His works, to the 
number of 25, include Biblical, Astronomical, 
Scientific, Prophetic, and other subjects. He 
also wrote the Memoirs of the Rev. JE. Bicker* 
steih (his father-in-law), 2 vols., 1851. His 
hymns appeared in Bickersteth's Christian 
Psalmody, 1883; and, together with Versions 



14+ 



BIS TERNAB HOEAB 



of tho Psalms, in his Companion Psalter, 1874. 
They number upwards of 100. fEng-. Faal- 
tttt, § xi.] Very few are in C. U. in G. Bri- 
tain, but in America their use is extending. 
They include : — 

1. Except the Lord go build the house. Pt. txxcii. 

3, come, let us Bine to the Lord. Ps. xcv. 

3. Klog of Meroy, fr™ Thy throne on high. Pi. 

*. O taste and see that He In good. PS. xxziv. 
a. when from oil the ends of earth, Ptj xfv. 
A. Tho heftvenH declare Thy glory. Pt. zix. 
1, The Lord Himself iny Portion is. Pt. Hit. 

8. The mighty God, tho Lord bath spoken. J**. I. 

9. Thou art gone up on high, O Christ, &c Pt. zlvii. 

10. Whom have I [we] Lord In heaven, but Tbee. 
Pt. Ixxiii. 

Of these versions of the Psalms, nil of which 
dnte from 1874, the most popular U No. 3. 
Mr. Birks's composition s are worthy of greater 
attention than they have hitherto received. 

£J. J.] 

Bis ternas horss explicann. {For the 
Sixth Htiur.] ThiB hymn is in Daniel, i.. 
No. 10, with a f urther note at iv. p. IS. Daniel, 
on the authority of Cassiodorus's commentary 
on Ps. cxix. 161, gives it eta by St. Ambrose. 
DanieTs text is in 32 lines, of which he says, 
11. 23-28, beginning "Orabo mente Domi- 
imm," are given by the Benedictine editors 
as a complete hymn of St. Ambrose. He cites 
it as in the Hijmnary of Thomasius, and as 
in an 8th cent. MS. in the Vatican. Tr. as 
" Now twice three hours the sun hath told," 
by W, J. Copeland, in his Hijs. for tlie Week, 
&c„ 1848, p. 148. [J. M.] 

Blaekall, Christopher Ruby, jk.d., b. 
in New York State, 1830, and educated 
for the medical profession. For 15 years he 
followed his profession, including service in 
the army during the civil war. Subsequently 
he managed, for 14 years, a branch of the 
Baptist Publication Society, taking at the 
same time great interest in 8. School work. 
He edited the Advanced Bible Lesson Quar- 
terly, for 3 years, and also Our Little Ones. 

1. The prise ia aet before ua. Heaven anticipated. 
This ia one of Dr. BhickaH's most popular hymns 
for children. It was written in 1874 for the 
Sunday School of ^nd Baptist Church, Chicago, 
Illinois, and set to music by 11. B. Palmer, It 
1st appeared in Palmer's Sontjs of Love for th$ 
Bible School, 187-4, from whence it has passed into 
numerous collections, including f. D. Sankey's 
S. S. and Solos, Lond., 1881. 

1, Follow tho patai of Jsaua. Following Jesus. 
This is included in the Bap. Kg. [& Time] Bk, 
l'iiila., 1871, So. 701. 

1. Do the right, never tear, Duty, lu W. R. 
Stevenson's School Hymnal, Lond., 1880, Ho. 269. 

[J. J.] 

Blackie, John Stuart, ix.n., b. at Glas- 
gow, July, 18GU, and educated at Marischai 
College, Aberdeen, and at the University of 
Edinburgh. After a residence on tho Con- 
tinent for educational purposes, he was culled 
to the Bar in 1834. In 1841, he was appointed 
Professor of Latin in Marischol College, Aber- 
deen, and in 1850 Professor of Greek in the 
University of Edinburgh. On the death of 
Dr. Guthriohe was for some time the Editor of 
the Sunday Magazine. His published -works 
include ; — A Metrical Translation of Mschylus, 



BLAIR, HUGH 

1850 ; Pronunciation of Greek, 1652 ; Lyrical 
Poems, 1860 ; Homer and the Iliad, i vols., 
1869, &c; Lays and Legends nf Ancient Greece, 
Ac, 1857 ; arid Songs of Beligion and Life, 
1876. To the hytnnological student he is 
known by his rendering of a portion of tho 
BenediciU (q.v.), "Angels, holy, high aud 
lowly," which is found in several hymnal*. 

Blaoklock, Thomaa, v.j>., b. at Annan, 
Dumfriesshire, November 10,1721. He studied 
at the University of Edinburgh, and was, in 
1759, licensed to preach. In 1762 he was or- 
dained parish minister of Kirkcudbright, but, 
on account of his blindness, had to resign and 
retire on an annuity. He went to Edinburgh 
and there received as boarders University stu- 
dents and boys attending school. In 1767 he 
received the degree of n.». from the Univer- 
sity of Aberdeen (Marisohnl College). He wns 
one of the earliest and most helpful literary 
friends of Robert Bums. Hod. at Edinburgh, 
July 7, 17bl. His Poems were often printed* 
— in 1756 at London, with a Memoir by the 
Rev. Joseph Spence, Professor of Poetry at 
Oxford ; in 1793, at Edinburgh, with a Me- 
moir by Henry Mackenzie, 41c They include 
2 Psalm Versions, and 4 Hymns. "Hail, 
source of pleasures ever new," is altered from 
the Hymn to Benevolence, and " Father of all, 
omniscient mind," is from his version of Psalm 
139. No. 16 in the Tram, and Par. of 1781, 
"In life's gay mora," &c, is also ascribed to 
him. [J. St.] 

Blaekmore, Sir Hiohard, was appointed 
a Physician in Ordinary to William of Orange 
in 1697, receiving knighthood at tho same time 
in recognition of his services at the ltevolu- 
tion. His works embraced theology, medicine, 
and poetry, and a Version of the book of 
Psalms. rEng.PsaUan, gxvi.] WhtlstDryden 
and Pope sneered at his poetical works, Addison 
(Spectator, 339), and Johnson (Lives of the 
Poets) gavethemagoodword,and speciaily his 
poem on the Creation. He d. October 9, 1729. 

Hi* vejalon of the Psalm* wns the last issued in 
England with royal license for use in Churches ; bulnot- 
withstanding thle it never obtained any circulation, ami 
except as to a few psalms in Collvcra Sel., 1812, and 
odo or two others, and various Unitarian collections in 
the early part of this centu^, it has remained utterly 
neglected by editors of ail schools of (bought. 

Blair, Hugh, n.s., eldest s. of John 
Blair, merchant Edinburgh, was b. at Edin- 
burgh, April 7, 1718. In 1730 he entered the 
University of Edinburgh, where he graduated 
m.a. in 1739. In 1742 he was ordained parish 
minister of Collessie, in Fife, became, in 1743, 
second minister of the Canongnte, Edinburgh, 
in 1754 minister of Lady Yester's, and in 1758 
joint minister of the High Church (now styled 
St. Giles's Cathedral). In 1762, while still re- 
taining his pastoral charge, he was appointed 
the first Professor of Rhetoric in the Univer- 
sity of Edinburgh — a chair founded for him. 
He received the degree of d.d. from the Uni- 
veraityofSt. Andrews, in ^757. He d. in Edin- 
burgh, Dec 27, 1800. 

In llUKr. Blair was anpointeda member of tM Com- 
mittee of Assembly which compiled the Iri. and .Pari. 
of ll*o, and in 177s of that which revised and enlarged 
them. To him are ascribed try the Rev. W. Thomson 
and the Rev. Dr. Hew Scott (Scottish Hymnody, 
Appendix) Noa. t, 33, 3+, «, of tho l»si collection. 
He is also credited with the alterations made on Panv 



BLAIR, BOBERT 

phrases 32 and S7, in 1746-51, and on Paraphrase 36, In 
mi, The Rev, J, W. Maenreelcen (Scottish Hym- 
uody, Appendix) would ascribe these 4 Paraphrases 
to his second cousin, the live. Hobert Blair, author of 
Tht Grant [eldest s. or the Rev. David Mair, b. in 
Edinburgh, 1609, ordained Parish minister of AtlieLstane- 
ford* East Lothian, in 173], appelated, in 1742,* rot-mber 
of the Committee which compiled the 1745 cjllectlon, d. 
at Athelataneford, Feb. 4, 1146]. Ilr. C. Itogers, in his 
Lyra Brit.Cpp. 66 & (64, ed. 1867) holds that, though 
Dr. Hugh Blair may have altered Paraphrases 44 and 
67, neither he, nor Robert Blair, wrote any wiainal 
hymns. While the weight of opinion 'and of probability 
is in favour of Dr. Hugh Blair, do very definite evidence 
is presented on either side, tliougb the records of the 
Presbytery of j&Jlnburgh to 1749 show Dr. Hugh Blair as 
selected to reviseNos. Is (J in 1791),21 (16 in 1)81), and 
probably others [Soottfab. Paraphrases, W. Came- 
ron, and notes on the individual hymns]., [J. M.l 

Blair, Robert. [Blair, Hug*.] 

Blair, William, d.d., b. at Clunie,King- 
lassie, Fife, Jan. 13, 1830, and educated at 
Path-htad School and St. Andrew's Univer- 
sity, whtsru ho graduated m.a. in 1850, d.d. 1879. 
In J8S6 ho was ordained at Dunblane, ns the 
United Presbyterian Minister in that tewn. 
Dr. Blair has pub, several prose works, in- 
eluding Chronicle* of Aherhn/thne, and Selea- 
(ions from Abp. J/eighton with Memoir and 
Note*,* 1883. His hymn, ".ttsu, Saviour, 
Shepherd bringing" ('/Tie Good Slteplterd), 
and its accompanying tunc, " Lighten,'' were 
contributed to tlie Scottish Pre»b. Hymnal for 
the Young. 1882. Ho is also the author of 
sereral How Year's hymns. 

Blatchford, Ambrose Nichols, b.a., 

h. at Plymouth, 1812, and educated for the 
Unitarian Ministry at Manchester New Col- 
leg<', London, Ho also graduated at the 
Lomton University as b.a. In 18CG t lie be- 
came junior colleague to the late Hev. William 
James, Minister of Lcwin's Moud Meeing, 
Bristol, and ou tee death of Mr. James, in 
1876, thesole pastor. Mr. Blatehford's hymns 
were written for the S. School anniversary 
services at Lewin'a Mea'l Meeting, on tlie dates 
given below, and were adapted to existing 
meJodies. They were first printed as fly-leavta 
and include : — 

1. A gladsome hymn of praise we sing. Praise. I87B, 

2. Awake to the duty, prepare for the strife. Uury. 
1858. 

3. Lord, without Thyconstant blessing. Divine ff&p. 

lets. 

4. Night clouds around us silently are stealing. 
Evening. 187H. 

s. O T»rd of Life, for all Thy care. Fraite. 1676. 

6. O'er the wldeand restless ocean. I^ft&Eope. 1876. 

7. Once more the shadows fall. Evening. I860, 

8. Softly the silent night. Evening^ 1971. 

Nos. 1, 2, 4, 5, and G were 1st pub. in W. 
B. Stevenson's School Hymnal, 1880, and Nos. 
3, 7. and 8 in tlie Sunday School H. Bh. of the 
S. S. Association, Lond., 1881. [J. J.] 

Blaurer, Ambrosias, a. of Augustine 
Blaurer, Councillor of Constnnz, was b, at 
Crmstanz, April 4, 1492. In 1513 he graduated 
at Tubingen and entered the convent of Al- 
pirabacb, iu the Black ForosttWhere he was 
chosen Prior. After studying Holy Scripture 
and the writings of Luther, he became distal is- 
fieil with his position and left the convent in 
1522, and went to Constant. In 1523 he openly 
espoused the cause of the Beformation, and 
began to preach in 1525. In 1529 he com- 
menced his work as Beformer of Swabta, in 
which, after the restoration of Duke Ulrieh, 



BLESS GOD, MY SOUL 145 

1534, he received his help and countenance 
till 1533, when the growing opposition of tlie 
Lutheran party led Mm to withdraw from 
Wurttemberg. Ho returned to Constnnz, where 
he remained till 1548, when by tlie operation 
of the Interim [Agricola] and the seizure of the 
town by tho Emjxsror, he was forced to flee to 
Griessenherg, in Thurgau, and in tho end of 
1549, to AViuterthur. He became pastor at 
Biel, in the Jura, 1551, but returned to Win- 
terthur, 1559, andd. there, Doc. 6, 1504 (Koch, 
ii, G2-7C; AUg. Deutsche Biog., ii. 691-693). 
Koch characterises iiim as the most impor- 
tant of the hynin-writers of tho Reformed 
Church at the time of the Heformution. Some 
thirty in all of his hymns are preserved in ws. 
at ZUrieh and Winterthur, The only one (r. 
into English is; — 

Wie's Oott gefiDtt, so gfitllts mii» anch, [Tnttt 
in r/od.] Waekermiffel, lit p. 3*9, quotes it iu 8 st, of 
10 1. from a Ms. of 1662 it Zurich, " Etllch gelstllcha 
gsang und Ikder vor jruiren geschriboa durcli meister 
Ambro&lum Mlaim.Tn, 1 ' and thinks it wjis probably 
written About 1526. tn hia fiibliagraphie, 1955, p. 220, 
he hul dted a broadsheet, c. 154fl, where it uproars as 
one of "Zwey acbuae Neire Lieder drss frummeu 
Johjinsrn Fiidfriclif^i vonSiicliKrn, welchc Et In seiner 
Oeiangkni.ss gittichtrt liat" [i.e. 1647-62, after lbs 
battle of MUhlberg, 1547k but this ^Mcripiiou ITnciber- 
nagd thinks it ss llltle justified by the personality as 
by tbe clrcuroRtauces of the liiltctor. Though the author- 
ship of the hymn be somewhat doubtful, its value Is 
undeniable, and since ite reception into the iferofcrgytn, 
Nilrnbeig, 1561, it has soperiied In most subsequent 
collections, and U Ho. 720 Iti the Uitv. L. S. r 1861. Til* 
if*, are:— (1) "God*siFllI is mine: 1 dare not stray," by 
Dr. G. Walker, I960, p. 91. (S) "What plcascth God, 
that plcuSL^th me," by Jffr* Winktoorth, 1809. p. 124, 

[J. M.] 

Bleak winter is subdued at length. 
J. Newton. [Spring.'] 1st pub. in the Olnep 
Hymns. 1779, lik. ii., No. 32, in 9 st, of 4 1. 
In its full form it is not in C. U., but nu un- 
altered version of st. ii.-v. and ix. is given 
as: " Behold I lung-wished fur spring is come," 
in Kippuit's SiL, 17S7, and later editions. 

Bleibt bed dem, der euretwillen. 
G. J, P. Sjtittu. [Following Clirist."] Founded 
on 1 John, ii. 58, and 1st pub. in the 1st 
Series, 1833, of his Ymller unti Ilarfe, p. 113, 
in 4 st of 8 1., entitled " Abide iu Jesus." 
In the Wurttembetg G. Ji., 1842, No. 382, and 
other collections. The ire. in O. U. are : — 

1, abide, abide in Jesns. A full and good fr. by 
R. Massia in his Lyra Ann,, 1860, p. 106, and 
thence in Bp. Kyle's Co/?., 1860; Adams's Ame- 
rican Ch. Pastorals, 1864, No. 891, and SchalFa 
Christ in Song i ed. 1879, p. 495. Omitting st. 
ii. in the Mtth. N. Con. H. BL, 186S, and J. L. 
Porter's Coil, 1876. St. ii.-iv., beginning, "All 
is dying 1 hearts are breaking," are included ill 
Robinson's Songs for the Sanctuary, N. Y., 1 805 ; 
H, aitii Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874; Bap. F rmss 
lik., 1871, and others. 

I. O abide in Him, Who tin us, A full tr. by 
J.D.Burns, in his Mcimeir and Jl&nains, 18G9, 
p. 259 ; ami repeated as Ko. 747 in Dale's 
English II. Bk., 1874. 

Other trs, an : — 

(1) "Stay bv One Who for your comfort," by Mitt 
Xaniitgttm, 1^63, p. 61. (2) •'Dwell In Christ, woo 
once descended," by J. Kelly, 1885, p 37. [J. M.] 

Blsnkinuopp, B. C. L. [L«at«a> 
Bbakinsopp.] 
Bless Ood, my soul: Thou, Lord 



146 



BLESS, MY SOUL 



BLESS'D MORNING 



alone. N. Tate. TPs. civ.} This version 
of Fs. civ. is found in Tate's Miscellanea 
Sacra, 1696, and in the same year in the New 
Version. Its appearance in the former work 
determines its authorship as distinct from 
Brady. [Bee Enj. Faultm, § sill. 3.] From 
its ornate character some have concluded that 
most, if not nil the renderings in the Nets Ver- 
sion, which jinrtake of that character, are by 
him. This conclusion is plausible and pos- 
sible, but by no means certain. It was intro- 
duced into nse in America early in tlie present 
century, and is still given in a few collections. 

Bless, O my soul, the living God. I. 
Watts. [Ps. ciit.] This is Ft. i. of his l. m. 
version of Ps. ciii,, 1st pnt>. in his Psalms of 
David, &c„ 1719, Pt. ii. being, " The Lord, 
how wondrous are Hia ways." Both parts 
are in C. U. Ix>th in O. Britain and America. 
Pt. i. is in 8 st., ami Pt. ii. iu 9 st. of 1 L In 
addition there are abbreviations of Pt. 1, and 
a cento from Pts, i. and ii. in C. U. The most 
popular arrangement in modern American 
hymnals is that in Sotup for the Sanctuary, 
N. Y, 1805, Lattdes Domini, N. Y., 188 1, 
and many others. It is composed of at. i., ii., 
iii,, and viii., slightly altered. Other arrange- 
ments are also found both in G. Britain and 
America. A cento from Pts. i. and ii. ap- 
peared iu Bickers te til's Christian Psalmody, 
1833, and is made up of Pt. i. st. i.-iii., Pt. fi. 
st. iv. and v., and an additional stanza from 
another source. 

Blesa'd, Blessed, Blest. The arbitrary, 
and, in many instances, unreasonable, way in 
which editors of hymnals, both old and now, 
have changed about these words, without any 
regard to the form originally used by the 
author, has rendered it necessary to follow the 
author's reading in every instance. When, 
therefore, a hymn cannot be found in one 
form, it must be sought for iu the other. 

Bless'd are the humble souls that 
see. I. Watts. [The Beatitudes.} This 
metrical paraphrase of the Beatitudes (St. 
Mutt. v. 3-12) appeared in the enlarged cd. of 
his Hymns & S. Songs, 1709, Bk, i., No, 102, 
in 8 st. of 4 1. It held a prominent position 
in the older collections, but of late it has 
fallen very much out of favour. As " Bless'il 
are," " Blessed are," or " Blest are," it is stijl 
found in a few collections both in G-. Bri- 
tain and America. 

Bless'd are the pure in heart. J. 

Kelfa. [Purificiition.} This poem, in 17 st 
of 4 1., isdated " Oct. 10, 1819." It was 1st pub. 
in his Christian Year, 1827. As a whole it is 
not in C. U. The following centos; some of 
which are found in numerous collections, have 
been compiled therefrom : — 

1, In J. ffiekerstetlTs Ps. A Hyi., 1832, No. 44», we 
have st. \. and xvll. This was repented In Elliotts Ps. 
it Uijs., 183S, No. 2SS, as " Blest are the pure," to. Al- 
though It has fallen out of use In G. Britain, it is still 
given in a few American collections, aa the Amer. Meth. 
Epis. tfymnt, 13«; The JSeatig. Hymnal. N. Y., I860. 

2. In his nitre H. £fc.,18Sfl, W. J. Hall pub. u cento, 
as No. 24$, which was composed of two stanzas from this 
poem, And two that were new. By whom this cento -was 
arranged, toy Hall, or bis collaborator, E. Osier, is not 
known, as the it. mss. simply hay " Keble." As this Is 
the most popular cento, and lis whole contents are 
usually attributed to Keble, we give the full text, with 
the alterations and Additions tn the Mitre in Italics ;—* 



" Klet t arc tbo pure in 
heart, 
For they shall sec their 
God: 
The secret of the Lord is 
theirs ; 
Tbelr soul hi Christ's 
abode. 



Still to the lowly soul 

He doth Himself Impart, 
And for His dwelling, auit 
His throne, 
Choosetb the pure in 
heart. 

lord, me TOy jMttsncs leefc ; 
Ours may this blessing 
be! 
give the pure and lowly 
heart 
A tet&plt meet/or TTl&s." 



TTte Lord, who left the sky, 

(Mr life o*ni peace to 
bring. 
And dwelt in lotblinest to ith 
men, 

Tlttir pattern, and their 
King; 

Iu Murray's tlwnnal, 1S52, No. 322, this cento wa» 
repeated with slight alterations, and the addition of a 
doxology. This text, sometimes with, andagain without 
a dojcology, has been adopted by most of the Leading 
hymnals in Q. Britain, and a few In America, Including 
S. A. A M. i the JJymnary; C&urcA Ifymnt; the H. 
Qnttp. ; Thring i the Bap. Hymnal ; the American 
Sabbath If. M., N. Y„ 185S, and others. In a note 
to tills cento, No. 141, in the 1st ed. of H. A. .t M., Mr. 
Biggs, In his Annotated II. A. *6 H., quotes these words 
from Keble: "Hymn No. 141 id materially altered ; not, 
however, without asking the writer's leave, Kev. J. 
'Keble." Whether this leave was given to Halt, in the 
first instance, in lass, or to Mr. Murray on adopting 
Hall's text in 1852, cannot now be determined. 

3. Iu several American collections. Hall's cento is 
repeated with the omission of st. Ii. These Include 
Songs for the Sanctuary, N. T., 1SS5. 

4. In the Rys.for C&ri£jiafl&ojoru,Gainal>m'gb,2nd 
ed., 1354, the cento is, st, (.-iv, are Rente's st. i., xii., 
xiv. and xvll. very much altered, and v. Hall, st* Iv. 

G. In Alford's rear of Praise, 1867, No. 251, the 
cento is Keble, st. i., it,, iii,, xv,, and xvil. 

a. In Richal&on's Appendix Jlpmnal, 186G, st. ir., 
vffi,-x, are given as No. 19, beginning, "Give car, ye 
kings, bow down." 

In addition to these, other arrangements are 
sometimes found, but nre not of sufficient 
importance to bo enumerated. [J. J,] 

Bless'd be the everlasting God. J. 
Watts. [Easier.'] 1st pub. in h<s Hymns, 4c, 
1707, Blr. i., No. 26, in 5 st. of 4 1., and 
entitled " Hope of Heaven by (he Resurroction 
of Christ." Its use sometimes as " Blessed,'* 
and again as " Blest," 4c, is not extensive. 
Orig. text in Spurgcon'a 0. 0. H. Bit., No. 841. 

In the Draft Scottish Trans. <fc Paraphs., 
1745, it is given as No. si. in an unaltered 
form. In the authorized issue of the Traits., 
4c., in 1781, No. lxi. st, iii. was omitted, the 
third stanm in this arrangement being altered 
from the original, which reads iu Watts : — 



Inheritance 



'Tlsuncorrupfced, undenl'd, 
And cannot fade away." 



" Them's 

divine, 
ReservM Against that 

day; 

The recast test of 1731, which has been in 
use in the Church of Scotland for 100 years, 
is claimed by W. Cnrasron (tj. v.), in his list 
of authors and revisers of that issue, na liis 
own. Full text in modern copies of (he 
Scottish Psalms, 4c. [J. J.] 

Bless'd morning t whose young, 
dawning rays. /. Watts. [Sunday — 
Easter.'] Appeared in his Hymns, &c, 1707 
(1709, Bk. ii., No. 7^), in 5 id. of 4 1„ and 
entitled, "The Lord's Day: or, The Resur- 
rection of Christ" The arrangements of this 
hymn in C. U. are :— 

(1.) The original. Very limited. 

(;>.) "Blessed morning," Jfcc., as in Dr. Hatfield's 
Amer. @hurch H. ftk., N. Y., 1S73, witli the change In 
st. 1., 1, 4, of "last abode," to " dark abode." 

(3,) " Ble?t morning," ftc. This opening, sometimes 
followed by two or three slight alterations and the 
omission of nt. v., is the xnoxt popular fjrm of the tejsl 
both In tJ. Hrltain and AniTtca. 



BLESS'D WITH THE 

(*.) " Blest morning," fcc., in the ify»»arjr, 18J2, 
No. 13. This 1b very considerably altered. 

In addition to these, in 1781, this hymn 
was added with alterations, as " Hymn IV.," 
to tbe Scottish Trout. & Paraphs. It opens 
"Blest morabg] Whose first dawning rays." 
The author of this recast w unknown. 

Bless'd with the presence of their 
God. T. CotteriU. [Holy Gomiaunioa.'] 1st 
pub. in the Vttoxeler Bd. 1805, No. 81, in 6 
at. of 4 1,, and headed " For the Sacrament." 
It was repeated in Cotteriil's Set. 1810, No. 
43, and continued in subsequent editions till 
the 9th, 1820, when it wns omitted. St. iv., 
"The viio, tlio lost, Ho calls to fheni." is 
st. iii. at W. Cowper'a hymn : "This is tho 
feast of heavenly wine," from the Olney 
fl^mns, 1779, Bk. ii., No. 53. The use of 
this hymn is not extensive, although found 
in a few modern collections. It is curious 
that CotteriU gives it as " Blest with," &c, in 
his index, hut "Blm'd with," &c, in the 
body of the book. A cento from this hymn 
beginning, "In memory of tho Saviour's 
love," appeared in R. Wiiittingham's CoU., 
1st ed., Potton. 1835; from thence it passed 
into liord Selborne's Bk. of Praise, 1862, 
Stevenson's Hys. for Ch. & Home, 1873, and 
others. It is composed of st. iii., v., and vi. of 
the above very sliglitly altered. 

Blessed are the sons of God, J. 
Humphreys. [Christian Privileges.! This is 
the first of six hymns added by J. Cennick to 
Pt. ii. of his Soared Hymns for the Use of 
Religious Soeielie*, Bristol, F. Farley, 1743, 
No. 72, p. 95. It is in 8 st. of 4 1., and is 
headed, " The Priviledgts of God's Children." 
Concerning these six hymns J. Cennick says, 
" These were done by Mr. Joseph Humphreys," 
In Whitefield's Coll, 1753, it was given as 
No. 14 in that part of the collection devoted 
to " Hymns tor Society, and Persons meeting 
in Christian- Fellowship." As shortly after 
this date it fell out of use in its original form, 
and the text is somewhat difficult to find, we 
give tbe same in full : — 



" Blessed are tbe Sot* of 

God. 
They are bought 'with 

Christ's own Blood, 
They are ransomed from 

the Grave, 
Ufe eternal they shall 

have. 
■ God did love them In his 

Son, 
Long before the World 

begun; 
They the seal of this 

receive 
When on Jesus Uiey 

believe. 



by 



"They Me justified 

Orate, 

They enjoy a solid Peace ; 
All their Sins are wash'd 

away, 
They shall stand in God's 

great Diy. 

** They produce the Fruits 
of Grace, 
In the Works of Jtight- 



They »re harmless, meek, 

and mild, 
Holy, humble, undeiU'd. 

The Rev. It. Couycm pub. in his Coll. 



' They are Liglita upon the 

Earth, 
Children of a hcav'nry 

Birth; 
Bom of God, they hate all 

Sin, 
God's pure Seed remains 
within. 

* They have Fellowship 

with God, 
Thro' the Mediator's 

Blood; 
One with God, with Jesus 

one, 
Glory Is in them begun. 

' Tbo' they suffer much on 

Earth, 
Strangers quite to this 

World's filrtb, 
Yet they have an inward 

i°y. 
Pleasure which can never 
cloy. 

: 'Thoy alone are truly blest. 
Heirs of God, Joint Heirs 

with Christ; 
With them munber'd may 

I -be. 
Here and In Eternity 



BLESSED SAVIOUR, WHO 147 

of Ps. cfc Hys,, 1st cd., 17157, as No. 84, 
the above hymn in a new form. Dealing with 
the hymn as an unbroken poem of 32 lines, 
ho took the first 6 lines, added tiiereto the 
last lines of the hymn as altered by Whitcfield 
("With them," &c) its a retrain, and con- 
stituted them as st i. ; the next 6 lines, with 
the same refrain ns st.iL, nnd soon to the end, 
thus producing a hymn of 5 st. of 8 L Top- 
lady, in his Ps, * Hys., 177G, No. 116, adopted 
Conyers's idea of using the last two lines of 
tbe iiymu ns a refrain, by adding them to 
Humphreys's st. i.-iv., vi., and v., in tho order 
named, and thereby producing a hymn of C st 
of 6 1. It U to this arrangement of the text 
that moat modern editors both in G. Britain 
and America are indebted for their centos. 
Portions of tbe hymn in centos of varying 
lengths, are in extensive use. [J. J.] 

Blessed are they whose hearts ore 
pure. H. Alford. [St. Hartliolomem.] In 
Alforrt's Poems, 1668, this hymn is dated 1844. 
It is not in his Ps. & Hymns of that year. It 
is found in T. M. Fallow's Set, 1847. In 1852 
it was repeated in The English Hymnal, in 
1867 in Alfbrd's Year of Praise, and again in 
other collections. Iu the Cooke and Denton 
Hymnal, 1853, it appears in the Index as 
" Blessed," &c, ; but in the body of the book, 
No. 175, it begins, " How bless'd are they," &c. 
In some hymnals, both in G. Britain and 
America, it is attributed to "J. Conder." 

[W. T. B.] 

Blessed be Thy Name. J. Montgomery, 
[Journeying.] la the h m. mss," this hymn 
is dated " January 13tli, 1835," and is there 
stated to have been sont in us. to several 
persons at different dates. In 1853 it was 
given in Montgomery's Original Hymns, 
No. 194, in 5 st. of G 1. and headed, " Prayers 
on Pilgrimage. — 'Lnrd, help me.' Matt, it, 
25." Adopted by Eeveral collections. 

Blessed night, when first that plain. 
H. Bonar. [Christina*.] Pnb. in his Hys. of 
Faith & Hope, 1st series, 1857, in 34 st. of 3 1., 
and headed, " The Shepherds' Plain." In the 
Irish Chureh Hymnal, 1873, two centos are 
given from this poem, (1) "Blessed night, 
when first that plain," and (2) " Mighty King 
of Righteousness * ; and in Mrs. Brock's Chu- 
dren't H. Bk., 1881, No. 72, a cento is given 
as "Blessed night, when, Bethlehem's plain," 
with " Alleluia " as a refrain. No. 73, in the 
same Coll., and in the same metre, "Hark, what 
music flllsthe sky,"isattributed to Di Bonar 
in. error. It forms a good companion hymn 
to « Blessed night, when first that plain. 

Blessed Redeemer, how divine. X. 

Watts. [THeine Equity.'} A hymn on his 
sermon on St. Mtitt. vii. 12. It was pnb. in 
an ed. after 1 723, of his Sermons on Various 
Saineet*. &o., 1721-3, in 6 st. of 4 ]., and headed 
" The Universal law of Equity." In the older 
collections it is fnquenlly found, especially 
tbe American, but in modern hymn-books it 
is Eeldom given, and then in an altered and 
abridged form. 

Blessed Saviour, who hast taught 
me. /. M. Neale. [Confiitaation.'] Appeared 
in his Hymns for the Yowtg, 1842 (new ed., 
1860), in 6 st, of 8 1. la this form it is. 



148 BLESSING, HONOT.TI 

seldom if ever used. An abbreviated and 
nltered text, as "Holy Father, Thou hast 
taught me," is found in eomo collections foi 
children. It is compiled from st. i., iv., and 
v. and vi. 

Blessing, honour, thanks, and 
praise. C. Wesley. [Burial."] 1st pub. in 
Hymns and Sacred Poems, 1712, in 5 st. of 8 1., 
as one of a number of ''Fuucml Hymns." Iu 
1780 it was embodied in tho Wei. H. Bk., No. 
19, from whence it lias passed into numerous 
collections in G.Britain and America. Orig, 
telt in the We*. H. Bk., 1875, No. 50 T and i» 
P. Works, 1868-72, vol. ii. p. 188. Iu tho 
Hymnary, 1372, a cento, with the same first 
line, was given as No. 508, in 1 fit. and was 
repeated in the 8. P. C K. Church Hymns, 
1871. It is thus composed : st. i., ii. from the 
above, slightly altered ; st. iii., iv. from the 
hymn, "Hark! a voicedividesthesky,'' which 
follows tho above, in tho Hymn* and Sacred 
Poem*, 1742, the We*. Jl. Bk., nud in tho P. 
Works, vol. ii. p. ISO. These stanzas ore also 
altered from the original. 

Blest are the souls that ['who] hear 
and know. X. Watts. [Pt. Ixxxix,] Pt. 
jii. of his c. m. rendering of Ps. 89, in 3 st. of 
4 1., which appeared iu his Psalm* of David, 
&c, 1719, with the heading "The Blessed 
Gospel." WUiteficld included it in his Coll. in 
1753, No. 72; and Toplady in bis Ps. & Hy»., 
177C, No. 32, It thus came into general use, 
and is still found in numerous collections in 
G. Britain and America. 

Bleat be the dear uniting love, C. 

Wesley. [Parting.] Pub. in Hys. <t Sae. 
I'aeMt, 1742, p. 15U, in 8 st. of 4 1., and again 
V. Works, 1868-72, vol. ii, p. 221. It was 
given in the Wet. H. Bk., 1780, No. 520, with 
alterations, and the omission of st. v. and vi. 
This form of the hymn is in the revised ed., 
1875, No. 534, and in most collections of the 
Methodist body. From Whitetield's Coll., 
1753, to the present it has also been io use 
amongst various denominations in one form 
or another, ranging from S stanzas in White- 
field to 3 stanzas as in several American col- 
lections. Tliis hymn has been ascribed to 
J. Oennick in error. 

Blest be the Lord, our Strength and 
Shield Anne Steele. [P*. exits.] Given 
in her Poem*, &c, 1760, vol. ii. p. 210, in 
11 st. of 4 L (2nd ed., 1780), and in D. Sedg- 
wick's ed. of her Hymns. 1859, p, 200. In 
1836 a cento therefrom, based on st i,, x., 
xiii., and siv. (very much altered), was in- 
cluded iu Hall's Mitre H. Bk. The same 
cento is given in the Islington Ft. <fe Hyt. 
with the omission of st iii. as in the Mitre. 

Blest be [is) the tie that binds. J.Fau- 
cett. (Brotherly Love.] Miller, in his Singers 
and Song* of the Church, 1869, p. 273, says : — 

Jl This favourite hymn is said to have been written in 
U72, to commemorate the determination of Its author 
to remain with bis attached people at Walnggate. The 
farewell sermon was preached, the waggons vrtre loaded, 
when love and tears prevailed, and Dr. Fawcett sacri- 
ficed the attractions of a London pulpit to the affection 
of bia poor but devoted flock." 

Three sources of information on tho matter 
are, however, silent on the subject— his Life 
and Letters, 1818 ; his Mtie, Writings, 1826 ; 



BLEST IS THE MAN 

and his Funeral Sermon. Failing direct evi- 
dence, the most that can be said is that internal 
evidence in the hymn itself lends countenance 
to the statement that it was composed under 
the circumstances given above. lis certain 
history begins with its publication in Faw- 
cett's Hymns, &c, 1782, No. 104, where it is 
given in 6 st. of i 1. From an early date it 
has been in C. U., especially with the Non- 
conformists, and at the present time it is found 
in a greater number of collections in G. Bri- 
laiti and America than almost any other hymn 
by Fawcett. It is usually given as " Blest is 
the tic," &c, and in an abridged form. Orig. 
text in Spurgeon's O. O. H. Bk., 1806, No. 
8U2, and Song* for the Sanctuary, N. Y,, 1865, 
No. 817. [J. JJ 

Blest day of God, most calm, most 
bright. J. Mason. [Sunday.] 1st pub. in 
his Songt of Praise, 1683, as the second of two 
hymns entitled "A Song of Praise for tho 
Lord's Day, ,r in 6 st. of 8 I. and 1 at. of 4 1. 
Early in the present century centos from this 
"Song"of various lengths began to be intro- 
duced into the hymn-bcoka of the Chuioh of 
England, and later, into Nonconformists' 
hymnals also; but in scarcely a Binglu in- 
stance do we find tho came arrangement iu 
any three collections. In modtrn hymn-books 
both in G. Britain and America, the same 
diversity prevails, no editor having yet suc- 
ceeded in compiling a cento which others 
could approve and adopt. No collection can 
be trusted either for text or original sequence 
of lines. The full orig. text, however, is 
easily attainable in Sedgwick's repriut of tho 
8. of Praise, 1859. The opening lino some- 
times reads : — " Blest day of Goil, how calm, 
how bright," as in Mrs, Brock's Children's 
H. Bk., 1881, No. 40, but the use of this form 
of the text is limited. Taking the centos 
together, their use is extensive. [J. J.] 

Blest hour when mortal man retires. 

T. Baffles. [Hour of Prayer.] Printed in 
the Amulet for 1S29, pp. 304-5, in C st. of i 1. 
One of the first to adapt it to congregational 
nse WHBthe Rev. J. Bickersteth, whoinoluded 
4 stanzas in his Pt. and Hyt., 1832, as No. 242, 
Its modern use in any form in G. Britain 
is almoBt unknown, but in America it is one 
of the most popular of Dr. Bnffies's hymns, 
and is given in many of the leading collec- 
tions. Tho full text is No. 883 in Dr. Hat- 
field's Church H. Bk., N. Y„ 1872. Dr. Hat- 
fiuld dates the hymn 1828, probably because 
contributions to the Amulet of 1829 wouid 
be sent to the editor ia 1828. 

Blest is the faith, divine and strong. 
F. W. Fahcr. [The Christian Life.] Ap- 
peared in his Oratory Hymn*, 1854, in 6 st. of 
4 ]., and the chorus, "O Sion's songs ore sweet 
tosing." In the 1855 ed. of the Oooke& Den- 
ton Hymnal, it was given with alterations to 
adapt it for use in tho Church of England. 
In this form it is in a limited number of 
collections, the original being retained in the 
Eoman Catholic hymnals. 

Blest Is the man, for ever bless'd. I. 

Watt*. [P*. aa«wi.l His l. m. rendering of 
Ps. xxxii., pub. in his Psalms of David, Ac., 
1719, in 4 st. of 4 ]. Dr. Walls's note there- 



BLEST IB THE MAN 

WMn explains the liberty taken with the 
realm as follows; — 

" These two first verges of this Psalm being cite* by 
the Apostle in the 4th chapter of ltomans, to shew the 
freedom of out pardon and jnstiflcntlon by grace if Ithout 
works, I have, hi this version of it, enlarged the sense, 
by mention of the Mood of Christ, and faith and Kepen- 
tunca ; and because the Psalmist adds. A tpirit in wliicK 
u no guile, I have Inserted that sincere obedience, which 
is scriptural evidence of our faith and Justification," 

As a hymn in C. U. in G. Britain it has 
almost died out ; but in America it still sur- 
vives in a few collections. 

Blest is the man, supremely bleat. 
0. Wedey. [P», xxzii.] 1st pub. in the 
Wesley Psalms & Hymns, 1713, as a version 
of Pa. xsxii. in 9 at. of 8 1. In 1875 it was 
rearranged and included m the revised ed. of 
the Wee. H. Bk. as hymn 5(51 in two parts, 
Ft. ii. being, "Thou art my hiding place. In 
Thee" (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. viii. p. 6S). 

Blest is the man who feels. W. H. 
Bathwst. [Ps. xciv.'] Appeared in his P$. 
and Hys., 1831, in 4st.of 61., and begins with 
the 12th verse of the Psalm. By whom the 
effort was wade to add thereto the former part 
of the Psalm, we cannot say ; but the result 
is the following paraplirase : — "0 Lord, with 
vongcanoe dart, found in the Wet. II. Bk., 
1875,No. 602, in which st.i. is almost entirely 
new, and the rest is from this hymn. 

Bleat is the man whose bowels 
move. I. Watt*. [Ps. *K.] This l. m. 
version of Pa. xlii., st, 1-3, whii'h was pub, in 
his Psalms of David, &e., 1719, in 4 st. of i 1., 
appears in some collections as " Blest is tbe 
man whose mercies more;" and in others, 
*' Blest is the man whose heart doth move," 
the object being to get rid of the, to some, 
objectionable expression in the first line. 
These changes are adopted bulb, in G. Britain 
and in America. 

Blest is the man whose heart ex- 
pands. J. Straphau. [For Sunday Schools.] 
1st pub. in Rippon's SeL, 1787, Nn. 523, in 
6 st. of 1 1. The form in which it usually 
appears in 4 stanzas was included by Cutterill 
in his Sei., 1810, No. 218, where it is appointed 
to be sung "At a Sermon for Charity Schools." 
A cento from this hymn, "Blest work, tlio 
youthful mind to win," is composed of st. v., 
iv., ill, and vi. considerably altered. It is 
found in this form in Baldwin's I'restan Sel. 
of Ps. £ Bys., 1831, No. 21, and l>as been 
frequently repeated in later collections. A 
second cento, Beginning with an alteration of 
st iii., as *'Blest is tho work in wisdom's 
ways," has also come into use. In these 
varyiug forms this hymn, has attained to an 
extensive circulation. 

Blest Jesus, Source of grace divine. 
P. Doddridge. [The Water of £>/e.] This 
hymn is No. 88 in tho d. wss., where it u un- 
dated. In J. Orton'soJ. of Doddridge's (post- 
humous) Hymn*, So., 1755, No. 221, it is given 
in 4 st. of 4 ]., wiLh a text slightly differing 
from the d. lies. It ia also in J. D. Hum- 
phreys's ed. of the same, 1830. Its most 
popular form is that given to it early in the 
century in some American Unitarian collec- 
tions : — " Blest Spirit, Sourceof gi-aac divine." 
In this form it is in the Unitarian Hij. [and 
2'.] 13k,, Boston, 1SG8, and other hymnals. 



BLEW, W. J. 



149 



Blest Saviour, when the fearful 
Btorma, [tienf] This appeiir. d under the 
signature of "M. H. W., in Emma Parrs 

Thoughts of Peace, Lond., 183D, in 3 st of 
8 1. In 1863 it was included in Kennedy, 
as No. 427, in tho slightly altered form of 
" Savionr, when the fearful storms." 

Blest season 'when our risen Lord. 

[Whitsuntide.] Tliis bymn is No. 59 of J. II, 
Stewart's Sel.afP*. & Hys. for the Use of Percy 
Chapd, Lo'd., 1818, in 5 at. of 4 )., where it 
is appointed for Mondny in Whitaun-wcek. 
In common with all the hymns in tbe collec- 
tion it is unsigned. In 1829 Josiah Pratt in- 
cluded st i, ii., and iv., u^th slight alterations, 
in his Pe. and Hys., No. 66. This was re- 
peated in some American collections, and is 
known to modern hymnals as '■ Blest day when 
our ascended Lord," as in J lie Song* for Gie 
Sanctuary,TS.Y., 1865, No. 412. [W. T. B.] 

Blest truth, my soul and Christ are 
one. J. Irons. [Final Perseverance.] 1st 
pnb. in the 3rd ed. of bis Zion's Hymns, 1825, 
p. 173, in 5 st. of 4 1. In Ibo Liter editions of 
that work he attertd the opening lino to : — 
" Blest truth, the Church ami Christ arc one." 
In this form, with slight alterations it is 
given in Snopp's S. of G. <fe , 1872, No 
419, anil one or two collections besides. 

Blest voice of love! O Word Divine. 

W. J. Irons. [Confirmation.'] Written at 
Brompton on the occasion nf the confirmation 
of one of the writer's children, and pub. in 
Hymns for the Christian Seasons, Gninsburgh, 
1st ed., 1854, No. 184, in 4 st. of G I. In 
1861 it was also uiven in Dr. Irons's Jpp. 
to the Brompton Metrical Fealter ; his Hymns, 
1866 ; and in a revised form in his Ps. A Hys. 
1873. In Thrings Coll., 1882, the revisid 
text of 1873 is adopted. 

Blew, William John, ji.a., s. of William 
Blew, b. April 13, 1808, and educated at 
Great Ealing Sv.-l.ool, and Wodham Coll., 
Oxford, where ho graduated d.a. in 1RM0, 
and m.a., 1832. On taking Holy Orders, Mr. 
Blew was Curate of Nuthurst and Cocking, 
and St. Anne's, Westminster, nnd fur a time 
Incumbent of St. John's next Giavcscnd. 
Besides trs. from Homer (ilt'atf, bks. i.,ii., o;c.) 
and J3.ichyliis (A<]nmemnoii the King), and 
works on tlio Bnol; of Common Prayer, in- 
cluding a paraphrase on a tr. of the same in 
Latin, he edited the Brevtarium Aberdoaense, 
18S4; and pub. a pamphlet on Hymn* and 
Hymn Books, 1858 ; and (with Dr. H. J. Gmint- 
lett) 'Hie Church Hymn and Tune Book, 1852, 
2nd ed., 1855. The hymns in this last work 
are chiefly translations by Mr. Blew of Ijatin 
hymns. They were written from 1843 to 1852, 
and printed _pn fly-sheets for the use of his 
congregation." Many of th< eo tr*. have come 
into C. U. Tlie fol lo w ing origina I hymns were 
also contributed by him to the same work : — 

1. Christ in tbe Fnthort glory bright. JflWTiiaji. 

1. God's ark is In the field. Evening, The second 
stanza of this hymn is from Rp. Covins Hour*, In his 
Colt, af i^-U-aU Devotions, 16£T, 

3. liajk, through the de^y morning. Mumittg. 

■1. lAtrd of the golden day. Evening. 

G. Loid, Thy wing outspread, whittwntute. 

G. Tliou, Who on Thy sainted quire. Whitstmtitte* 

h. Sleeper, awake, arise. Spiphany. 

a, Sweet Diibc, that wrapt lu twlliejit. ^pjany, 



150 



liLIOK AUB DIESBM 



8. Ye crowned kings, approach ye. Epiphany, This 
li written to the tune, - Adeste Alleles, and might 
easily be mistaken as a tree fr. of the " Adeste." 

Mr. B le w has also tran stated The Altar Service 
of tfcs Church of England, in the year 1548, into 
English. His tr*. are terse, vigorous, musical, 
and of great merit. They have been strangely 
overlooked by the compilers of recent hymn- 
books. Ho d. Deo. 27, 1894 [J. J.] 

Blick aus diesem Erdenthftle. Albert 
Knapp. [jCaeansfcm.] Written 1851, and 
included in Ms Herbttbl&tken, Stuttgart, 1859, 
p. 152, in 8 st. of 81., repeated it) his Ev. L. 
S; 1865, No. S57. It 'has been tr. as ;— 

looking from (his vala of sadness. A good 
but free tr, by Miss Burlingham in the British 
Herald, Sept. 1865, p. 142, and repeated, as No. 
377, in Reid's Praise Bk., 1872. Stnnina vii., 
viii., beginning " Prince of Peace 1 hour rich our 
treasure !" alto form No. 303 in the Kng. Presb. 
Pt. $ Hys. t 1867. [J. M.] 

Bliss, Philip, b. at Clearfield County, 
Pennsylvania, July 9, 1838, In 1864 he went 
to Chicago in tlio employ of Dr. George F. 
Boot, tlie musician, where ho was engaged in 
conducting musical Institutes, and in compos- 
ing Sunday Soliool melodies. Originally a 
Methodist be became, iibout 1871, a ohoinnan 
of the First Congregational Church, Chicago, 
and the Superintendent of its Sunday Schools, 
In 1874 he joined D. W. Whittle in evangelical 
work. To this cause fie gave (although a 
poor man) the royalty of his Gospel Songs, 
which was worth some thirty thousand dollars. 
His death was sudden. It occurred in the 
railway disaster at Ashtabula, Oliio, Dec, 30, 
1876. He had escaped from the car, but lost 
his life in trying to save his wife. His 
hymns are numerous. Some of his verses have 
obtained wide popularity in most English- 
speaking countries. The more widely known, 
and specially those which are found in collec- 
tions in use in tt. Britain, are in the follow- 
ing American works : — 

i. Tlte Prize, 1876, 

1, IsaouUHibie'todle. Dtath anticipattd. Thlsis 
one of his earliest compositions, and is unworthy of the 
position it holds. 

3, Through the valley of the shadow I must ga, 
Death anticipated. 

3. Whosoever heareth, shout, shout the sound. 
Jetus tlte Way. Vfrtlt'-Ai during the winter of 1SG9-70 
after hearing Mr. Ii. Mourhouse (from KugUuid) preach 
otiSt. John iii. 1(J. 

ii. The Charm, 1871. 

4. Alnkoetpersuadeinowtooelieve. Procrattina. 
tien. This was suggested by the following passage inn 
sprmon by the 1W. Mr, Brunilsge, Bliss Wing present at 
its delivery :— M He who is almost prrsuadiHl in almost 
saved, but to be upmost saved Is to be entirely lost." 

0, Ho 1 myeomrades! sea the eignsl. fuitAfalness. 

6. J Jerusalem, the golden eity, bright, *o. 
Jfeaven. 

7. On what Toundation da [did] you build 1 
Christ the Foundation, 

iii, Tius Sony Tree, 1872. 
6. Xight in the darkness, sailor, day is at hand. 
Safely. This hymn, " The Life-Boat," his attained to 
great po|iularity. The incident upon which it is based, 
that of the rescue of a fillip's crew by a life-boat, is 
given in detail by Mr. Saokey In his Sacred Songs, fcc, 
No. 99 fLirgc ed.). It is sometimes known hy its re- 
frain, " Pull for the show," &c. 

iv. The Joy, 1873. 
S, In me ye may have peace. Peace. 
10, To die it gain. Deatk anticipated. 



B1,1SS, PHILIP 

v. Sunshine, 1873. 
11. Down lifa'a dark vale we wander, Death anti- 
cipated. 

11, More holiness give me, For Holiness, 

15, Only as amunur-bearer, Soldiers of the Croa. 
It. Standing by * purpose true, faitkfiitneu. 
IE, Tbla loving Saviour standt patiently. Imi- 
tation. 

vi. G'.-spd Songs, 1874, 

16, A long time I wandered. Peat* and Joy. 

17, Brightly beams our Father's moroy, Mercy. 
IB. Come, brethren, a* we maron along. Prats*. 
19. Vtte from the law, happy condition. 

Redemption. 

SO, Have yon on the Lord lettered f Fulness of 
Grace, This hymn arose out of the following circum- 
stances j— " A vast fortune was left In the hands of a 
minister for one of his poor parishloueis. Fearing tbnt 
it might be squandered If suddenly bestowed upon bun, 
the wise minister sent him a little at a time, with a 
note saying, 'This is thine; use it wisely; tiers it 
mare to fouim.' Hence also the retrain ■ More to fol- 
low,' by which the hymn is known." 

81, Hew muoh owest thou 1 Divine Claims. 

». I know not the hour when my Lord will eome. 
Death anticipate*. Suggested by reading the boolt, 
TOe Gates Ajar. 

S3, Set the gentle Shepherd atanding. The Good 
Shepherd. 

Si. Though the way 1* sometimes dreary, Bisint 
Leading. 

35, Will youmeet meatthomuntninl fountain 
of Living Water, The incident out of which this hymn 
arose !s thus stated in Tie Christian, Ho. 305, "At the 
Industrial Exposition at Chicago It was an every-doy 
appointment to meet at tbe Central Fountain, Mr, P. P, 
HUbs, whose mind seemed always set on things above, 
caught up the words, and wrote thie hymn, * Meet tne at 
the Fountain.'" 

vii. Gospel Hjfnins, No. 1, 1875. 

18, One offer of salvation. Jfte Ifame of Jans 
VI. Wandering a&r from tne dwelling! of man, 

TheJUpert. 

viii. The International Lesson* Monthly, 1875. 
IS. Weary g leaner, whenos eoaeit thou 1 Duty. 
88, The whole werld waa lost in the darlwea* of 
Sin. iijrftt of tie IrorM. 

30. Kan of sorrows 1 what a name. Redemption. 

31. The Spirit, O sinner, In mercy doth move. 
Holy Spirit. 

ii. Gospel Bymns, No. 2, 1876. 
it. At the feet of Jesus. The good choice. 

33. dome, sing the Oeapet's joyful sound. 
Salvation. 

34. Out it down, out it down. JttiticeandXercy. 
Sfi. Bo you see the Hebrew eaptivs T I'rayer, 

36, Halldnjah, He is risen. Salter. Written In 
tbe spring of lltf&and first sung by Bliss on Easter after- 
noon, lv?6,in the Court House Square, Augusta, Georgia, 
to S9uo people. 

37, In Zion T i rook abiding, Safety, 

38, Repeat the atory o'er and o'er. Grace tiwd 
Peace. 

SS. Tenderly the Shepherd, The Coad sheplierd. 

i. Gospel Hymns, Ko. 3, 1878. 

40. Hear ye the glad goad news from heaven, 

Faith and Salvation. 

41. I will sing of my Bedeemer, Praise, 

li. Gospel Hymns, No. 4, 1881. 
41. 'Tie known on earth and heaven too. j<ore 
o5ou£ At us. 

iii. Various. 

43. Sing over again to me, Words of Life. 
This appeared in a paper entitled Words of Life, 1874, 
The following are undated ; — ■ 

44. March to the battle-fleld. Duty and Victory. 

45. Then is sin in the camp. Hinderances, 
40, 'Xia idle promise of dod. Praise. 



BLOMl-'lKLD, C. J. 

*7. While th* titrtij maon-bejmt. fill. A'etn 
JKrfA, 

48. Ood ia alwaya n«u me, OmntyrtKBM. 

Two hymns," J am so glad that our Father in heaven," 
and "Sowing the seed by the daylight [dawnlight] fair," 
(eometimes given as * Sowing oar seed in (He morniMir 
fair") ire usually attributed to Mr. lilies. JnhiSbVgwZ 
Songs, Cincinnati, 1S71, however, be lays claim to the 
music only. Mr. Sankey attribute! this last to" E. A. 
Oakey." With the exception of No. 48, these hymns 
are given in Mr. Sankey's JSacred Stmgs & Solos, Its. 
I. and 11. Their popularity ia far beyond their literary 
merits, nnd Is mabily duo to the simple melodloa to 
which tbey are wedded. Aa a writer of hymns of this 
dan Mr. BUaa is second only to Mrs. Van Alstyne. 
Hany anecdotes concerning hymns of this class are 
given In American EvapgelisU ; an Account of their 
work in England and America, 6j the Use. Mtas tfdsaw, 
Boston, U.S., Lathtop & Go., IStt. 

Mr, Bliss is usually known as " P. P. Bliss.** 
This is found on tbe title-pages of liU collec- 
tions. On his own authority, however, we 
ore enabled to Bay that his name originally 
stood thus : "Philipp Bliss." Early in life he 
separated the flnalp from bis christian name, 
constituted it a capital P, and thus produced 
" P. P. 'Bliss." (For this article we nre mainly 
indebted to Professor F. M. Bird, and Mr. U. 
P. Main.) [J. J.] 

Blomfleld, Charles James, d.d., was 
b. at Bury St. Edmunds, 1786, and graduated 
at Trinity College, Cambridge. On taking 
Holy Orders he held positions of importance 
in the Church, including the Keotory of St. 
Botolph, Bishopsgate, Loudon ; the Bishopric 
of Chester, 1824 ; and tbe Bishopric of London, 
1S2S. Ho d. in 1857. It was under his pa- 
tronage that Hall pub. his Mitre H. Bk., in 
1836*, and to it ho contributed two hymns for 
school anniversaries : — 

1. In hymns of Joy your voices raise. 

1. Thou, Who from the Infant's tongue. 

These hymns are unknown to modem col- 
lections [a, MSB.] 

Blow je the trumpet, blow, C. 
Wesley. [Year of Jubilee, or the New Fear.} 
This is No. iii. of his seven Hymns for New 
Year's Day, 1750, in 6 st of (J 1. It is based 
upon Lev. xxv. In 1772, and again in 1774, 
B. Conyers included st. i., iii., iv. and vi. in 
his Coll. This arrangement, however, gave 
■way to one by A. M. Toplady which appeared 
in his P$, A Hy»„ 177(5, No. 318, where st. ii. 
is given us vi., st iv. as v., and a slight but 
significant alteration is introduced in at. iii. 
Originally lines 1-2 read : — 

Bstol the Lamb of God, 
The all-atoning Lamb. 

This was changed to : — 

Extol the Lamb of God, 
Tbe sto-atoning Lamb. 
The heated controversy between the Wesleys 
and Toplady on the questions, vital to them, 
of Arminianism anil Calvinism gave point and 
meaning to this change. From Toplndy's P». 
£ Hys., the text and Arrangement of stanzas 
were taken by other compilers until the hymn 
acquired universal reputation as his composi- 
tion. In 1830, it was included with three 
alterations in the Supp. to the TFes. JI. Bk., 
No. 645, and the error of authorship was rec- 
tified. In the revised ed. of the Wee. H. Bit., 
1875. two of the alterations aro repeated : st. 
iv., t 3, "blest," for "bless'd"; and st, v., 
"Beeeiee it," for "Shall have it," Ac. In 
varying forms, sometimes, as in Toplady, then 



BODENT, JAMJKtf 



161 



as in the Wet. H. BJi., and again in some other 
shape, this hymn is in very extensive use in all 
English-speaking countries. Orig. text in 
P. Works, 1868-72, vol. vi. p. 12. [J. J.] 

Blunt, Abel Gerald Wilson, k.a„ 
some time Travelling Fellow of Cambridge 
University, was lorn in 1827, and graduated 
at Pembroke College, Cambridge, b.a., 1850 ; 
M.A., I860. Taking Hr.lv Orders in 1851, 
he was from 1856 to I860 Incumbent of Crew 
Green, Cheshire, In 1800 he was preferred 
to the Bectory of St. Luke's, Chelsea. Mr. 
Blunt's hymns, written for festival occasions 
at St. Luke's, are: — 

1. Evening comet, nwy we, O Lard, Evening. 

A, From meadowi bright with blasaem, Ftowr 
Service!. This is dated June, ISM. 

S. Here, Laid, we offer Thee all that ia Unit. 
Fiotoer Services. This is the beat kno^n and most 
popular of Mr. Blunt's hymns. From its composition 
In lfcTA, when It was first sung at tbe Flower Service at 
St, Luke's, it haa attracted attention until it ia deemed 
essential to ths completeness of most collections of Im- 
portance. 

4. Hem, on this am festal day. St. Lvke. Written 
in leBJ for St. Lake's, Chelsea, All these hymns are 
printed in a small Supplement in use at St. Luke's. 

Boardman, Sarah B. pndion, b, e/J 
Bode, John Ernest, si. a., b. of Mr. 
William Bode, late of the General Post Office, 
b. 1816, nnd educated at Eton, tbe Charter 
House, and at Christ Church, Oxford, gradu- 
ating B.A. 1837, and m.a, in due course. 
Taking Holy Orders in 1641, ho became 
Bector of Wcstwell, Oxfordshire, 1847; and 
then of Castle Camps, Cambridgeshire, 18C0. 
He was also for a time Tutor of his College, 
nnd Classical Examiner. His Banipton Lec- 
tures ivere delivered in 1855. He d, at Castle 
Camps, Oct. 6, 1874. In addition to his 
Bampton Lectures, and Ballads from Herodo- 
tus, lie pub. Hymns from tlie Gospel of tlie 
Day for taeh Sunday and Festival* of our 
Lord, I860; and Short Occasional 1'oems, 
Load., Longmans, 1858, In addition to his 
well-known liynra, "O Jesii, I have promised" 
(q.v.), the following from his Hys. from the 
Gospel are also in C. U. : — 
1. God of beaven, enthroned in might, S. Trinity. 

5. Spirit of Truth, indwelling Light. Whitsuntide. 
Boden, James, was b. April 13, 1757, in 

the house at Chester long occupied by Matthew 
Henry, and educated ibr the Congregational 
Ministry at Homerton College. In 1784 he 
become the pastor of the Independent Clio pel, 
Uauley ; nnd, in 1796, of the Queen's Street 
Chape), Sheffield. This last charge he held 
for nearly 43 years. Ho died at Chesterfield, 
June 4, 1841. In 1801 he assisted Dr. 
Williams, of the Mosborough Theological 
College, near Sheffield, in compiling A C0U.0J' 
above Six Hundred Hymns designed as a New 
Supp. to Dr. Watts's Ps. <fc Hys. t dc. t Doncae- 
ter, 1801. This collection is known as 
Williams and Boden, and to it is traced the 
anonymous modern version of "Jerusalem, 
my happy home" (q.v.). To this collec- 
tion Boden contributed, under the signature 
" Boden," the following hymns : — 

1. Bright source of everlasting love. Charity Senaon. 

2. Come, all yesointsof God. Passiontide. 

3. Come death, released from dread. Death. 

4. Onr great High Prleat wo sing. Chrtit the H. Priest. 
s. Shall sin, that cruel foe f Lent. 
fl. Triumphant sing yo favoured fjansom'd] 

Jeaut, alt in ait. 



153 



BODY, GEOBGE 



T, We come, dear Jesus, to Tby throne. Prayer 



Of these bymns. No. 1 appeared in tbe Soangtlical 
JKw. Aug., lt»s. Moat of them are etill In C. U., but 
chiefly In America. Tbe; me of no special merit. 

In the Ctospet JdOQ., lltT, there Are a few hymns 

under the signature "J s B n, Chester." Of 

these, one only (8), " Ye dying sons of men " ( Invita- 
titm), was given In the Williams and Boden CMi., and 
then, not with the full signature of " Boden," but as by 

<■ n ," On this evidence mainly the hymn has been 

Ascribed to James Boden. It appeared in the Ooijml 
Mag. twice in 1IJJ, in Feb. anil in Aug. It may be by 
our author; but seeing that it alone of tbe eight hymns 

above uotM la signed "B ," and woe given In tlic 

Ovtptl Hag. In 11 n, and that the rest are signed 
*' Budnii" and did not appear in tbe Gotpel Mag. in 
1J7T, or In any other year, we regard the evidence as 
•om; whit inconclusive. It has been suggested that pos- 

elblyOie "J sB n, Chester," was Els father. The 

signatures appended to tbe hymns in the 1st ed. of Wil~ 
liams it jHottew, 181(1, were oniitted from tbe inded., 1803, 
and portions of the Preface were rewritten. [J, J.] 

Body, George, d.d., born in 1810, and 
educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, 
where he graduated b.a. 1862, m.a, 1876, On 
taking Holy Orders he was successively Curate 
of St. James's, Wodnesbury, 1863-05; Sedg- 
ley, 1865-67; Curate in "chaise of Christ 
ChuTch, Wolverhampton, 1867-70; Rector of 
Kirkby-Miaperton, 1870-84; and Canon of 
Durham, and Missioner of too Diocese, 1883. 
He was also Proctor for tlio Archdeaconry 
of Cleveland, 1880-1885; and received an 
Hon. d.s. from Dm ham University in 1885, 
His publications include JAf'e of Justification; 
Life of Temptation, &o. In 1874 he revised 
and added a Preface to the Rev. E. Husband's 
AfUtion Hymnal; and in 1885 ho did the 
samo for The Durham Mixtion H. Bk. In 
these Hymnals appeared bis : — 

I. Father, Who dost Tby children feed. J3W^ Com- 
■aitnum. 

3. Jesus, epcak to me In love. Prayer for Ptace. 

Btwj^os Kal t7KeTrcurri}<i iyevero (tot 
GUI <T(OTfjpla,V, St. Andrew of Crete. This 
is known in the Greek Church as the Kafir 
o /ttyat— the Great Canon of Mid-Lent week. 
It was written probably about the end of 
the eighth ceutary. Dr. Nealo sums up its 
peculiarities, and excellences thus :— 

* It Is a collection of Scriptural examples, turned to 
the purpose of penitential confession. It is Impossible 
to deny the beauty of many stanzas, and the Ingenuity 
of some tropologlcal applications. But the Immense 



length of the Canon, for k exceeds three hundred stanzasi, 
and its necessary tautology, must tender it weari- 
some, unless devotionally_ used under the peculiar cir- 
cumstances for which it is appointed." — i/ynnf of the 

b. a., ism, p. a. 

The complete Canon is found in the Trio- 
dion of tlic Greek Church, and a selection is 
in the Anih. Graee. Carm. p. 190, and in 
Daniel, iii. pp. 52-4. Dr. Ncale's tr. in his 
Bys. of the Eastern Church, 18G2, p. 24, 
begins with DanieV* second stanza, TliOer 
(flfo^ot 9/n)nir, which ho renders, " Whence 
shall my tears ' bey in V and consists of 10 
st. of 6 1. It is taken from the earlier 
portion of tbe Canon. In 1871-2, st. i., ii., 
vii., viii., and x, appeared in an altered form 
in the Mymnary, No, 218 ; also, in 1871, st. i., 
iv., vii., viii., and i. in Church Hymnt, No. 
112, and other arrangements in later collec- 
tions, sometimes as, " Whence shall our tears 
begin?" [See Qrttk Hyntnody, § XVH-, Ij 
The nvliole Canon is given in a prose tr. in 
The Orthodox Catholic Bcview, 1875, vol. iv. 
pp. 35-72. [J. J.] 



BOGATZKY, C. H. VON 

Bogfttaky, Carl Hetnrlob. von. He 

was b. Sept. 7, 1690, on his father's estate of 
Jankowe, near Militsch, in Silesia, His father, 
J. A. v. Bogatzky, was descended from u 
noble Hungarian family, and entering the 
Austrian service attained the rank of Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel. Uo^atzky's early education 
was picked up at various places us family ar- 
rangements permitted. He wus for some time 
page at the Ducal Court of Weissoiifuls. From 
WeissenfcU his father removed Uiin to llreslau, 
lo prepare for entering the army. During a 
long illness at Breslau he beoume convinced 
that God had other work for him to do. Re- 
ceiving au offer of assistance from Count Huin- 
lich xxiv., of Keuss-Kostrii, towards tlio ex- 
pense!) of an University course, lie entered tlin 
University of Jena in 1713 ; but removed 
at Easter, 1715, to the University of Halle, 
still as a student of law. Before Christmas lie 
received notice that his mother had died in 
Sileaia,and that he must return. During tho 
week that elapsed before setting out, while 
attending divine servioe, he received what 
he regarded as his first true views of Justi- 
fication by Faith. Disowned by his father 
for objecting to enter the array, he returned 
from Sih'sia to Halle and enrolled himself, at 
Easter, 1716, as a student of theology. At 
Halle he began for his own edification nis best 
known work, The Golden Treasury, 1st pub. at 
Breslau in 1718. During 1718 his Leallh 
failed, and hie voico became so seriously 
affected that he wus unable to toko any paro- 
chial charge. From thenceforth he devoted 
himself to religious authorship, and speaking 
in private gattierlngs. He left Silesiam 1710, 
sua for five years resided at Saalfeld, where 
be wrote many works, including that on True 
Ctnivere ion, 1741. In 1746 he rcmovod to Halle, 
where G. A. Eiancko gave him a free room iu 
tlio orphannge. The rest of his life was spent 
mainly in that town. The moat important of 
bis publications at this time was his Medita- 
tions and Prayers on the New Testament, 7 vols., 
1755-61. He d. at Halle, June 15, 1774, 
(Koch, iv. 468-478 ; AOg. Deutsche Biog., iii. 
37- 39 ; Autobiography tr. by Samuel Jackson, 
Loud., 1856 — the second dating Ids death, 
possibly through a misprint, as at Glaucha, 
near Halle, 1754). 

Bcgatzky seems to have begun hymn-writing about 
HIS, and in all composed 411 hymns, eome of which 
appeared in part, In his devotional works, a in the Ciith- 
Kixht Littler, 1733-3B, a in the irerntserode G, B., iris, 
and In a collected form at Halle, ItbO, a& Die uebumgdtT 
GoitteligkeU in alttrUy GeittHchcn Liettern, with 302 
hytniisf2nded.HaHe,l765, with 396; 3rd ed.. mi. with 
ill, reprinted unaltered at Berlin, 18*4). With this the 
Dowager Queen of Denmark was so much pleased that, 
as the let ed. was in very email type, she offered to con- 
tribute to an ed, lo larger type, and when that was Issued 
In HBO (with 316 hymns), bought 300 copies, all of which 
she distributed. 

His hymns have little poetic fire or glow of Imagina- 
tion ; but iu his better f>rodactlons there is stimulating 
zeal, warmth of religious feeling, and simplicity of 
religious faith, linking Mm rather with tbe earlier Hallo 
School, than with the spiritual sensuousness of some of 
his fellow^ontributora to tbe CotAnitche Lic&er. 

(I) Tho hymns by him in English C. U. are; 

i. Wach auf du Geiat der orsteu Zeugen. £ Alis- 
shwu.] lat pub. 1750, as nhove, No. 133, In 14 
et. of 6 ]., entitled, " For faithful labourer* in 
tlie Harvest of the Lord, for the blessed spread 
of the Word to all the world,** Included in the 
Berlin G, L, 8., ed. 18G3, No. 1383. Tr. as :— 



BOHEMIAN HYMNODY 

Awake, Thou Spirit, Wl» «f old. A good (r. of 
st. L-iii., v.-TiiL by Mis* Winkworth, In her 
Lyra Gtr., 1st series, 1855, p. 41, sod thence, 
omitting st. ii., Altered in metre, and beginning, 
" Awake, Thou Spirit, Who didst fire," as No. 
290 in the Pennsylvania Lath. Ch. Ilk., 1868. 
In Miss YVinfcworth's C. D. for England, 186S, 
No. 87, it is altered in metre to " Wake, Spirit, 
Who in times now olden," st; vii. being omitted, 
and this form is No. 190 in the Ohio Lvth. 
Hymnal, 1880. 

Another tr. is ** O spirit of the early martyrs, wake," 
lntne,BrtKf*flferoMCOct. lBW,p.iBi. Not in C. U. 

tt. Ion Ma erlbtt dnroh raebus mtUe^t Bint. 
[Paisi'oBl.'tfe.] 1750, as above. No. 330, in 10 st. 
of 9 ]., entitled, " The believer's consolation in 
death." J, C. Wagner in his Antes ffildburji- 
hSusiiches Q. B„ 1807 (1M08, No. 231), included 
a greatl y altered form beginning, " Ich bin erlBst 1 
Es floss des Mittler's Blut." The text tr. is that 
in Knnpp's Et. L. 8., 1837, No. 503, based on 
st. i., iii., v.-vii. of the original. The only tr. 
inC. D. is:— 

I am rtdwn'i I the pushes* of that blood, from 
Kncifp, by Dr. H. Mills in his Haras Gtr., 1845 
(1851), p. 64); repented, omitting st. ii., as Ko, 
125 in Stryker's Christian Chorals, 1885. 

(2) Hymns not in English G. U. :— 

iii. Du Enter Israel. [Kaning.\ 17M, as above, 
Ko. T, in IS at. Tr. as » Guardian of Israel, Thou," liy 
H, J. Buckoll, una, p. S3. 

tr. liner bliebt Ximig, wean alios etliefet. 
lOrrMat King.'i 1st in the large type ed., 1760. No. SKI, 
in 10 et. Tr. as u One relgneth still, though all else may 
be fsilfruj," by Mite Burllngham, In the Srititk ZfcrdM. 
Deo. IBM, p. 186, B nd repeated, as No. 3M, In Retd's 
J*rai« £&., WW. 

v. Bent 1st dsja Taf vorhaaden, \8unday Morn. 
in;.] 1760, as above. No. 106, In 6 et. Tr. u " This is 
Thy day so glorions," by H. J. Buckoll, lata, p. B. 

*i. Etrt and Sutsr dtdoer Sohaafc. [^pfrituai 
TTatcVtitRU).] 17W, as above, No. 218, in IS St. IV. 
as "Great Shepherd of the sheep. No longer," In S. Jack- 
son's tr. of Bogatiky'B Life, 1S5S, p. 1ST. 

vii. Jehovah, hoher Oott von Kadht nnd Starke. 
[Hit Almighty God,] At Scbreibersdorf in the Rtesenge- 
blrge In 1720, standing on an eminence, be viewed the dis- 
tant mountains whic&st first he thought were clouds, aiid 
duply impressed by the majesty, glory, and omnipo- 
tence of God, he -wrote this hymn after returning to the 
house (Lift, IBM, p. 61). Included, as No. 65n, in the 
iStaamlvfljl Gsirf-M^t£ew*cAerI.ie«fcr,LeipHgAiid Gor- 
illa, 17JS, and repeated, 1760, as above, No. Mi, in 11 
et. Tr. as "Jehovah, God of boundless strength and 
might," by Hiss Winkworth, is*9, p. K*. 

viii. stdllea Lamm, du hast rUr mioh gslitten. 
[tYon obJ Cfen#oia(*o».] 179o,as above. No. 306, in 7 st. 
Tr. as " O silent l4mb ] fbr me Tbou hast endured," by 
Mrs. Flndlater, in M. L. £., 1SB9 (p. Si, 1SS4, p. 123). 

[J.M.J 

Bohemian Brethren's Hymnody. In 

the following article it is proposed to give, 
L An outline of the history of the Brethren 
up to a.v. 1621 ; II. An account of their 
Bohemian and German hymn-books ; and III. 
Tables showing the extent to winch Ger- 
man hymns are derived from the Bohemian. 

L History of the Brethren to 1621. 
The history of the Bohemian Brethren seems 
at first Bight to ho out of place in an article 
on the Baheniitui Brethren's Hymnology. Tli6 
hymnody, however, together with tho personal 
histories of the writers of thoir hymns and tho 
compilers of their hymn-books, aro so inter- 
woven with the general history of tho body, 
that the former can only be mode clear with 



BOHEMIAN HYMNODY 153 

the aid of the latter. Thus hut arisen the 
necessity for the resume which we now pre- 
sent. Especially at its commencement, this 
history is enveloped in a certain cloudiness, 
which we, with the facts now at command, 
are unable to pierce. The best results attain- 
able we now give, but more as a summary than 
in dttuil. 

$1. /ntrnluctieft.— 1. Through the Compact [Holy 
Communion to both kinds, and liberty of preaching] 
granted by the Council of Basel, 1431, the Roman Catho- 
lics hid attained their desired ends, for one section of the 
Hussites, confiding in the promises of the Church, had 
accepted that concession ; the other, better acquainted' 
with the tactics of thebolyFstbers,badr<jeetedit. Thus 
the schism between the two parties was completed ; and 
the Roman Catholics eonM complacently look on at the 
mutual extermination of the Hussites. 

a. After the tattle of Ltpau, H3t, the Taboritea liad 
ceased to exist as a political party ; but the numerous 
and divergent religious doctrines, and tendencies com- 
prehended under the name of the Taborltes, did not 
cease, for numerous priests wandered through the land, 
and employed themselves in spreading strange doctrines, 
the result of which was that new sects sprang up on 
every hand. The beat elements of this religious move- 
ment united themselves into small, free, congregations, 
the members of which remained within the pale of tbe 
Church, although having but little real connection with 
it, and grouped themselves around some one more con- 
siderable man from their midst, and acknowledged bin 
as their leader. 

J il. KTtt Pertoio/ Me Piritv,— 1. One of these con- 
gregations, or brotherhoods, existed at Cbelcic, a village 
near Wodnjn, learning and putting in practice tbe theo- 
ries of a certain Peter, named Chelcicky, after his resi- 
dence. Without tbe advantages of a theological, or 
even classical training; havhig but an insufficient 
knowledge of the Latin language; a simple layman, 
and, perhaps, small landowner; "he watched, with a 
keen eye, the events that were passing around Mm* 
Investigated, with an independent mind, and a fearless 
criticism, the great questions of his age ; acknowledged 
noauthority but the bible; and displayed an originality 
of thought, and power of diction, that made him, in 
spite of tbe opscureness of bis pceittop, a master among 
the learned, and a teacher among tbe unlettered." 

it. At the head of another congregation at Prague, 
stood Gregory, who, in his turn, was a follower of Kok- 
ycana. Hie latter, however, being a Reformer only so 
far as was convenient for his own purposes, sent Gregory 
and hla " Brethren " to Peter, when urged by them to 
eoforther. Attest, In ordertogetrldof them, Kokycana, 
tn 1467, induced King George to assign the domain of 
Senftenherg as • settlement to Gregory and his friends, 
and these were most likely Joined by the Brethren from 
Chelcic. Senltenberg. lying In the midst of lonely hills 
to tbe south of tlie ErllU mountains, was but scantily 
peopled, and still suffering from the devastations of tlie 
Hussite war. Kunwald, a small vtlltge on this barony, 
was designated as the place for the settlement. In too 
following years they organised their commonlty, chose 
some Elders as its leading representatives, drew op cer- 
tain principles of doctrine and practice, and chose as 
their name Fratrtt Leffi* Christi. The persecutions 
raised against them by King George (who feared a new 
organization of the Taboritea) cauBed the Brethren to 
wander through Bohemia, where they became acquainted 
w L ith similar small congregations, and increased In num- 
bers to such an extent that they resolved on an entire 
separation from the Utraquist Church. 

3. In tbe year 1461, the riders convoked delegates of 
all congregations connected with them to a synod held 
at Lhotka, a hamlet, or rather farm, near Relchenan. 
The assembled deputies, about 60 (besides some " Ger- 
man Waldenses"), from nearly all parts of Bohemia 
and Moravia, resolved first on their final separation from 
the Church. They then chose, by lot, three from tlieir 
number, as hlshops; vfa., Matthias, Tliomas, andEiiaa, 
who wore then consecrated by prayer and the laying on 
of hands, hy a Waldenslan and by a Roman U&thollc 
priest. But either at the same synod, or at any rate 
within the year 1407, scruples seem to have entered tho 
minds of some of the Brethren as to whether such con- 
secration would suffice. Theytherefbre sent the Roman 
Catholic priest who had assisted in the consecration 
(Michael Bradadus), with a companion (whose name is 
unknown), to the Wakiensian bisliop Stefan (who lived 
Id Austria, and wis later burned at Vienna), in order to 
beg of him the episcopal consecration. Michael, having 
been consecrated a bishop by Stefan, on his return first 



154 BOHEMIAN HYMNODY 



BOHEMIAN HYMNODY 



ordained tit* three originally chosen (Matthias, Thomas, 
tod Ellas) to the priesthood, ainl then consecrated them as 
bishops. Shortly after, he laid down, nub only his epi- 
scopate received <td ftoe, but also his Human priesthood, 
and was newly ordained to the priesthood by one of 
the three new bishops whom he himself hod oonsecrated. 
In tbis peculiar manner, bo far as we can trace the history 
of the proceedings, the flrat consecration of bishops among 
the Brethren wu effected. 

4. The first tendency of the Brethren was plainly 
antagonistic to the course of this world. Their refusal 
to take the oath, and to Join the military service; their 
contempt of learning i their refusal to permit their mem- 
bers (o hold any office In the State ; and other pecuiU 
initios, they Inherited from Peter Cbelttcky, who thought 
to renew the world and human society by a strict ob- 
servance of Christ's command to love one another, and 
maintained (hat all other commands andordinances In the 
political and social life of men would cease spontanea 
oualy If that one command were but followed by alt* 

6, When, however, the members who Joined the 
Unity without *ny acquaintance with Peter'a first prin- 
ciples began rapidly to increase \ when the Brethren 
perceived the need of learning to defend their convic- 
tions against their adversaries ; when it seemed desirable 
not to refuse persona of high position who wished to Join 
their congregations ; then the number of those among 
them who rejected the old strict antagonism to the world 
displayed by Peter, rapidly augmented, and at the end 
of about twenty years there was a numerous party who 
might have been named tlio " Liberals " of the Unity. 
The principal leaders of this party were Lucas (named 
Profftnsia} and Lawrence Krasonicky his friend, two 
men as learned as pious. The old strict party resisted 
all the proposed changes, and for a time prevailed * but 
iA thesynod of 1494 tbe liberal party obtained the victory ; 
and the "small party" or AmusitEt (after their leader 
Amos), not being disposed to submit, separated them- 
selves Jrom the Unity. Some efforts made to put an end 
to this schism failed, and the Amositea lingered on as a 
small sect for about fifty or sixty years, 

6. If the Amositea claimed to be the true Unity, they 
were right so far as they retained the ideas of Peter 
Chclcicky\ The new Brethren under Lucas, In the synod 
of 1496, resolved that the writings of Che [oiky 1 , Gregory, 
and otlier founders of the Unity should be received only 
so far as they were found to agree with the Bible, thus 
warranting the possibility of progress in doctrine and 
practice. 

fill. Sa&nd Ptriod o/ the Unity.— I. The first period 
of the Brethren's history is clearly distinguished from 
the second perlud under Lucas, by opinluns, doctrines, 
and even by terms and expressions. Lucas has every 
right to be named tlie " second founder " of the Unity. 
Through the more liberal principles of admission to tlie 
Unity its numbers increased to such a degree that about 
the year 1500 it consisted of three to four hundred con- 
gregations, and there was hardly a town or village in 
Bohemia or Moravia where some of Its members were 
not to he found. 

2. From U*7 ($ iL 3) to 1500 there had been three 
bishops, and one of these, Matthias, bad held the most 
commanding position, but without responsibility. On 
the death of Matthias in 1500, the highest position was 
given to a Select Council, the members of which were 
elkosen by the synod, for Ufc ; and the four new co- 
ordinate bishops who superintended distinct dioceses, 
were made responsible to the Select Council, Then, for 
the first time, the doctrines of the Unity were worked out 
by Lucas in 63 works, in a learned and systematic form. 
The sources of his theology, which on the whole re- 
mained the theology of the Unity as Long as It lasted, 
were not the writings of Peter Chelcicky, with whom he 
contended whenever occasion offered, but the writings of 
Hus and Wycllfj the latter especially with regard to 
the doctrine of the Lord's Supper. Lucas published 
the first hymn-book of the Brethren (It. 1) ; a catechism 
or "interrogations" for teaching the children; and a 
volume of ample instructions for the priests. He also 
reorganised the Church services, varying and enriching 
them. The Unity flourished under Lucaa> and gained 
the summit of Its independence, although, externally, 
the Brethren suffered, not only from the aggressions or 
Dominican preachers, but also from cruel and bloody 
persecutions, dating from the year 1503, when King 
Vladislav issued a mandate strictly forbidding any Breth- 
ren's services to be held in Bohemia. 

3. Lucas was already beginning to fear for the Internal 
Independence and continued existence of the Unity, 
when Luther appeared in Germany. Luther soon ob- 
tained friends and followers amongst the members of the 
Unity, but Lucas was not one of these. H ^understand- 
ing Luther's doctrines of Free Grace and of Christian 
Liberty, he reproached Luther with want of moralstrlct- 



ness, and with accommodation to many Roman Catholic 
dogmas. In the yea? 1523 he published an answer to 
Luther's Vow Anbetta det Scucranent* dct JteWgeto 
Leithnams Jesu ChriHL In this he gave Luther clearly 
to understand that he did not wish for any nearer reut 
tions with him, on toe ground that he himself held the 
Brethren to be nearer the truth. But many of the 
Brethren, and (hose the best and most important, dis- 
sented from the policy of Lucas ; and these gained and 
everted a great influence upon the whole Unity after his 
death. 

fl iv. Third Period of the Unity.— I. After the death 
of Lucas, in 152B, we see the beginning of a third period 
in the Brethren's history, in which the Unity, sometimes 
giving Itself np to strange influences, sometimes resist* 
ing and refusing them, loat more and more of Its in- 
dependent doctrines and existence. About tbe same 
time a heavy blow was struck at the external existence 
of tho Unity. 

2. At first, until 154C, the new tendency prevailed In 
the Unity, which (represented, by John Horn, andj more 
especially, by John Augusta, the most important new 
members of tbe Select Council), aimed at giving pub- 
licity to tbe Brethren, and at forming alliance with the 
German Reformers. The connection with Luther, which 
bad been broken off by Lucas, was renewed; and new 
connections were formed with Calvin and tbe Reformers 
of Strasaburg. At the same time several Bohemian lords 
and noblemen (who until then had protected the Brethren 
who resided on ihelr estates, but had never thought of 
Joining the Unity} applied for admission, after having 
seen that German Electors and Princes were not ashamed 
to take Luther's part. In short, tbe despised and perse* 
cutcd "sect of shoemakers and weavers" was now 
esteemed an Interesting ancient Evangelkai Church, and 
a body of sufficient political weight to command the 
attention of Its adversaries. 

3. All this was mainly duo to John Augusta, in whom 
a severe and Inflexible character was united with far- 
reaching designs, and an Insuperable love of power. 
But on the other band the consequence of thfs emer- 
gency of the Brethren from their retired position was that 
they became involved in tlie Bohemian Insurrection of 
1547 ; or if that cannot be absolutely proved, at any 
rate their adversaries used this turn of affairs in order to 
aim at tbe destruction of the Unity. Therefore, once 
more, as before in H03, the Brethren were forbidden to 
conduct any divine service; and the Unity was com- 
manded to dissolve itself. This time the edict was more 
strictly carried out than formerly, because the estates on 
which the Brethren had their principal settlements 
(where they lived tinder tbe protection of lords who 
were themselves members of the Unity) were confiscated 
to the Crown. Augusta himself, after having been in- 
defatigable in encouraging and consoling the affrighted 
and persecuted Brethren, partly by letters and partly by 
nightly visits, while during the day he was obliged to 
conceal himself in the woods, was finally caught hy 
treachery, and kept in close imprisonment In the castle 
of FOrglltz, a few miles west of Prague, for sixteen years. 
The Brethren were thus compelled to emigrate from 
Bohemia, in 1543. In two large companies, they with 
their wives and children crossed the mountains which 
bound Bohemia on the north, in order to seek for some 
place where they might serve God as tbslr fathers had 
done. Fromthat time we may distinguish three branches 
of the Unity ; the Ktihemian, which, after tbe death of 
Ferdinand I., flourished anew ; the Moravian [sec Moray 
vian HymnodyJ, which has since become the principal 
branch of tbe Unity ; and the Polish, The remarks 
which follow deal exclusively with the jt-e&t of these 
three branches of the Unity. 

4. While Augusta was kept In his long imprisonment, 
John Blahoslav stood at the head of the Unity ; a master 
spirit, developed by a many^skled, polished, and classical 
education. The splendid large hymn-book: published by 
him, or at bis instigation (il. a), and his theoretical work 
on music, testify to his musical attainments. Through 
his largo collection of documents on tbe history of the 
ancfent Brethren, and by his own writings on that sub- 
ject, he became the founder of the Brethren's history i 
and at the same time the classical example for Bohemian 
prose style, the theory of which he gave in his Bohemian 
grammar. He proved himself abo to have been an able 
diplomatist In his negotiations with the Court of Vienna. 
In their doctrine tbe Brethren, under Horn and Augusta, 
inclined to Luther until about 1546 ; under Blahoslsv, 
who himself was not an original theologian, they tried 
to return to Lucas, but In fact they approached toCalvln. 
In ecclesiastical politics, also, Blahosiav had an object in 
view different from that of Augusta. Blahosiav, who 
wished to preserve the independence of the Unity, aimed 
at forming a confederation of the Brethren with the so- 
called ftew UtraquistSj or Lutherans, in Bohemia i so 



BOHEMIAN HYMNODY 

that each of the two Churches should retain its own con- 
fession, constitution, form of service, Jtoe. ; but should be 
united by friendship And work in common, in a man- 
ner similar to that realised in Poland by tbe Con- 
sensus Sendomirlensls between the Brethren, the Re- 
formed, and the Lutherans. Augusta aimed at a union 
of tbe said Churches, wltharomnun confession, common 
constitution, Ac. ; to short, *£ a uniform Evangelical 
BobetmUn National Church; and, after bis liberation 
from Imprisonment in 15W, be entered into negotia- 
tions with tbe Lutherans for attaining this object, 
Surely, however, Blaboelav's design was more adequate 
to religious conviction, and guaranteed more religious 
liberty than Augusta's, But, after the deathe of Blahoslav, 
in 1671, and of Augusta, in 1572, a common confession 
was composed m 167G, by the Lutherans and the Breth- 
ren, as tbe basis of a Bohemian Evangelical Church ; 
and thus Augusta's designs were attained. It is charac- 
teristic that the confession was not composed by clergy- 
men at a synod, but by tbe states of the country at a 
diet at Prague, The Idea of sucb a union of Churches 
was apparently taken (nana political agreement between 
belligerent parties. 

S v. Dmrth Period «/ the Unity.— 1. With this year 
and this fact begins the last period of the Brethren's 
history : the disorganisation of the Unity, Though tbe 
aristocratic element among the Brethren still absolutely 
obeyed the commands of the Senior Kelef, in the trans- 
actions regarding tbe Confession of 1576, and on other 
occasions willingly subordinated itself to the discipline 
of the Church, yet its influence increased more and 
more. An illustrious product of the munificence of the 
Baron de Zerotin, and of the learning of the Brethren's 
ministers, is the Bible of Krallti (151B-BB), In 6 folio 
volumes, with commentary. Hie text of this (still 
published and circulated by the British and Foreign 
Bible Society) Is as classical in the Bohemian language, 
as Luther's in tbe German, 

2. But another result ofthe influence of the nobility was 
that the Unity, being deficient in Seniors of importance, 
became more and more Implicated in the political aims 
of the nobility. The leaders in the combat of the Bohe- 
mians for religions Uberty were members of the Unity, 
the most important being Wenzel Budovec de Budovaj 
The first part of the struggle against the Emperor Ru- 
dolph II, met with a great success inseenrtngthe charter 
of 1809, by which, among others, the Bohemian Protes- 
tants were allowed an Independent consistory in Prague. 
But in consequence of this the union between the Breth- 
ren and tiie Lutherans was made still closer, so that tbe 
Brethren lost this their old name, and accepted the com- 
mon name chosen for ail the Evangelical Bohemians, 
viz., Ulraqaitt Chrittiani. The second part of the 
struggle, the fatal insurrection of lain, resulted la the 
disastrous battle of the White Biouutaln, near Prague, 
Nov. ft, 1800 (when the Imperial troops under Maximi- 
lian of Bavaria and TUly, defeated the Evangelicals 
under the Winter-King, the Calvinlstic t'riedrich V. 
Count Palatine) i in the bloody execution of the Bolie- 
mlan Evangelical nobility (including Wenzel) at Prague, 
June. 21, 1621; and in rAe entire tteifmcrtcm «/ tAe 
Brtthrtn't VnHy. 

[Sources of the Brethren's History i (1) A, Glndely, 
Getchiehte der bokm. Brtidtr, Frag, 18*7, (2) B. Gzer- 
wenka, Gcwhtchtt der evang. Kirche in BShmen, Biele- 
feld, 1869. (3) Doll, QusUen mtd Unteriuehungtn lur 
Gttchiehtt der bShm, Brader, Prag, 1878-32. (4) John 
Holmes, JUitory qf the Proteltant Church qf the United 
Brethren, London, 1S25, (5) Edmuud de Scbwcinttz, 
The Hittorytif the Church known at the Unites Fralrum, 
Bethlehem, Fa., 1835, with a full account of the sources 
of tbe history,] 

II. The Bohemian and German Uymn-haokt 
of the TJnitij. 
§ i. Hie Bufttmidri Hymn-books.— 1. The 
earliest known hymn-book is that extant in 
the Bohemian Museum at Prague The titlo- 
pago, tho first leaf of the calendar, the last 
leaf of the alphabetical index and a leaf of 
the text, axe missing. Judging from the type 
it seemed to have been printed at Prague, by 
Severin, who had printed a Bohemian Bible 
in 1188. On the last page is a colophon 
which may be thus tr. : " These hymns were 
finished on Wednesday in tlie Octave of the 
Baptism of God ; in the year of God One 
Thousand Five Hundred and One," i. o. Jan. 
13, 1501, The book contains 89 hymns, of 



BOHEMIAN HYMNuDY 155 

which 21 are by Konvaldsky, Taborsky, and 
Lucas (II. 8) ; of the rest, two (No. 32, 45) are 
from the hymn-book of the Taborites. This 
first hymn-book, it may bo noted, is never 
mentioned among the works of the Brethren. 

2. Bp, Blahoalav, in his History of the 
Brethren (us. in the University Library of 
Plague, fol. 112], gays, referring to the year 
1505, "The Brethren for the first time had a 
large sized Kancional of sacred hymns 
printed." It seems to have contained some 
400 hymns, but no copy is now known to exist. 

3. Blahoslav (1. c. fol. 11 9) says further, "In 
the year 1519 the Brethren published ft book 
of sacred songs and hymns for the use of the 
pious and faithful people, and that in a 2nd 
ed." This was printed by Paul Olivetsky, at 
Leitomishl, but no copy seems to have survived. 

4. In the preface to the hymn-book of 1561 
the Brethren's Seniors explain that Lucas of 
Prague, who had edited the book of 1519 (L 
§ iii. 2) was commissioned to rearrange and 
correct it. But as he d, in 1528 they set them- 
selves to a comprehensive revision. On ac- 
count of the length of time required they in 
the meantime published some uew hymns, in 
1531, at Jung Bunzlau. If this remark does 
not refer to the German book of 1531 (see 
below), neither a copy nor other trace of this 
edition is extant. 

5. In 1541 the hymn-book which had been 
so long in preparation was printed by Paul 
Severin at Prague, and edited by Bp. John 
Horn, No copy is now known to exist, but 
its title is preserved in a polemical treatise by 
the Jesuit, D. W. Sturm, in his Comparison of 
the Doctrine of the Brethren, pub. at Prague 
in 1584. Tho title begins :— 

" Pisne cbval bo&k^rh, Pisne dncbevni evangelL- 
tske," Jfcc,, or. In English, *' Hymns in praise of tiod. 
Evangelical Hymns, newly revised, corrected and col- 
lected, and with many newly written on the principal 
doctrines of the Holy Scripture. In honour and in 
praise of the one, sole, snd eternal God in the blessed 
Trinity. Also for tbe help, use, and consolation of 
those, who love the Bohemian nation and language with 
true Christian devotion. John Horn, with nis fellow 
labourers. 1541. Prague." Tbe colophon on the last 
page may he rendered thus :— " In the year 15*1 after 
the birth of the Hon of God this Candonal was printed 
and finished on Saturday after St. Martin's Day [Nov. 
12] In the Altstadt of Prague, by me, ?eul Severin of 
Kuttenbcrg, cltiswu of this UlustrLous town," 

According to Blahoslav {Grammatika ie$kd, 
1571, new ed., Vienna, 1857, p. 4tl] it was re- 
printed at Leitomishl in 1541. Tuehtr [Scliatss 
des evang. Kirchengesaogs, Leipzig, 1848, ii. 
p. 321], who seems to have bad in his hands 
a copy of tills edition, soys it contains 484 
hymns, I could discover no eopy either of 
this edition, or tliat which tho printer Vanek 
Austsky, or Austin, of Jung Bunzlau, was 
authorised to print in 1547. 

ft. In 1555 John <5erny, John Blahoslav, and 
Adam Sturm, were commissioned by the synod 
of tho Unity to publish a new hymn-book to 
include the compositions of John Augusta 
(I. § iv. 2), and others of the younger Brethren, 
It was ready for the press in 15(i0, and the 
printing was finished Juue 7, 1561. Of this 
fine folio, which contains 744 hymns (including 
60 from tho hymn-book of 1501), a copy hi 
preserved in the Archives at Herrnhnt, The 
title is almost identical with that of 1541. 
Tho colophon may be thus tr. ; — 



156 BOHEMIAN HYMHODY 

" This Cancioual was printed and finished by Alex- 
ander of Aujeal [or of Pilsen], at Sumter [Poland], it 
the castle of bis Grace Lucas, Count or Gorka, Way wode 
of Lantlc, Storost of Bus." 

Later editions, differing very little ns to 
their contents, appeared in folio at Eiben- 
schtttz, 1561, and Kralitz, 1576 and 1581; 
and in 4to, at Kralitz in 1583, lS»i, 1598. 

7. AmoDg (ho later hymn-booka may be 
mentioned (1) a folio pub. at Kstlie (Moravia) 
in 1615, which contain! Gii hyrunsbesides a 
metrical psalter, and was probably ed. by the 
four Seniors whose crests are found on p. 529. 
Copies of this ed.nnd of the quai'to »epriot of 
ISlSarctobefound in the University Library, 
Prague. (2) A lSmo, pub. at Amsterdam in 
1659, and ed. by J. A. Comenius. This con- 
tains, besides a metrical jtsalter, 430 hymns 
with an appendix of 25;. and is to be found in 
the Archives at Herrnhut 

8. The principal contributors to the hymn- 
books of 1501 and 1561 are the following :— 

(1) Xatthia* Komraldskf [b. 1442 at Kunwald, near 
Lttltij Bp. of the Unity; d. Jan. 23, 1900, at Lelpnlk], 
contributed 4 (Nos. 31, 33, 39, 4s) to the if. Bk. of 1901, 
and 5 others to tlie ed. of 1961. 

(t) John Tiborsktf, or John Vllimek [a Boman 
Catholic priest ; afterwards member of the Select Coun- 
cil; d. Apr. 2S, 1495, at Leitomishl], contributed 6 (Nos. 
6, 1, 10, 25, 49, fill to the II. Bk. of 1901. 

(8) Luoas Fragsnsis (q. v.) contributed 11 (Nos I, 
12, 14, 2B (?), 42(?), 46, 47, 81, 82, 86, 92) to the H . Bk. 
of 1901 ; and 106 otben to that of 1961. Included are 
11 tri. from the Latin, and 4 revisions of older Bohemian 
hymns. 

{*) John Augusta (q. t.) contributed 141 to tbe JT. 
Bk. of 1561. 

(J) John Blahoshw fb. Feb. 20, 1523, at Prerau, 
Moravia ;'Bp. 1567 ; Secretary of tbe Unity, 1569; d. 
Nov. 24, 1911, at Kromau, Moravia] has us in tbe 1561 
It, Bk., II being revisions of older Bohemian hymns. 

(A) Adam Bturm [from Moravia; ordained priest 
1*95; d. Oct. 9, 1566] has 38 In the IT. Bk. of 1*81. 

(7) Xartin JttobJdeo [b. 1504 at Leltmeritz; Bp. 
153l(d. Jan. 34, 1541, at Projsnlti] Las 31 in the 1501 
II. Bk. 

(8) OalluslHfs™«k[B.i.ofPrajruc,1624; member 
of the Select Council, 1553; d. Nov. 22, J 563, at Froes- 
niw] has Is in the 1661 II. Bk. 

(9) John Wolf [ord. priest 15M ; member of Select 
Council ; d. Oct, 26, 1MB, at Prerau] has 13 in tbe ISM 
H. Bk. 

(10) John Tausteuik [ord. priest 1519 ; d. 1543, nt 
Jung Bunilau] has lOinthclSOlif. Bk. 

(H) Ooorge Btyraa [of Wildenschwcrt ; managerof 
the Brethren's printing oHlce at Jung Bunilsu, 15'i0-81J 
has 9 in tbe 1601 II. Bk. 

(13) Amoni the other authors whoso names appear In 
the 1561, may he mentioned Wimm! Ss!i»(5 hymns)! 




known many appear 

1522, 1531, and 1559. 

S ii. Ttie Bohemian Brethren's German Iltjinn- 
booii. These are the following :— 

1 Em Iftto (teceng uneaten iidxxxj. fcc. [Nurnbcrg], 
At the end is, "Printed at Juugen Runtiel, in Bohemia. 
Bv George Wylmsebwerer in the year 1531. Finished 
™tbclMhdayof«irch." Tbe bookie in small quarto; 
and the printer is George Styrea of 1\ ildcnsch« ert (see 
No. 11 above). The preface, addressed to the German 
congregations at Landskton and Fuluck, In Bohemia, is 
signed "Michael Welsse, Ewer Dicuer." All tbebymns 
(159 in number) according to the preface seem to have 
teen composed or translated by M. Welsse himself, and 
this was evidently the opinion of the editors of the 1089 
(see below). Two ire Indeed in the Anabaptist Amj- 
eund of 1583, ascribed to Anabaptist writers; but on 



BOHEMIAN HYMNODY 

what grounds Is not known. Of tbe 156 hymns, asit 
will be seen from the table given below, we have only 
been able to find 12 which are translated from tbe Bohe- 
mian or the Latin. Almost ail came more or less Into 
use in thoGermau Lutheran hymn-hooks of the century. 
In tbe same year, 1531, on edition of this hymn-book 
is said to have appeared at Ulm, under tbe title of 
FKCartixtet Gttang BucK (Ptccarts or Piccardites, first 
an opprobrious name for the Brethren need by their foes ; 
then by their friends, bnt never by themselves). Wack- 
crnagel, In his Bibliographic, 1096, Nos. 329, 375, 370, 
377,431, quotes reprints at Strassburg, 1634, and at Ulm 
in 1638, 1939, and 1541. 

2. JK« Gaanebuck dec Binder itm Bthtmcn tout- 
Merhertn, DU man au» hatt und ntyd, JHckJtarden, 
Waldenia, 4c. unmet, te. niVemigerode]. At the end is 
"Printed at NOrnberg by Johann GUnther, 19*4. This 
hymn-book is in Bvo, and contains 181 bymnsj 149 
being from the 1531 (s being eliminated), and 31 being 
new. Many reprints appeared in Germany, e.g. by 
Johann Berg and Ulric Neuber, at Ntlrnberg, 1564, 1573, 
I9aa, 1590. The preface, by John Horn, informs us 
that tbe alterations were caused by the fact that some of 
the doctrines -of tbe Brethren were not correctly repre- 
sented In the former book, especially as regards the 
Lord's Supper. During the period since 1631 (1. 4 iv. i), 
the Ifrethrenjnnnencod by Lutber,bad somewhatchanged 
their views, and Horn was himself a principal represen- 
tative of tbe leaning towards Lntberanism. If what 
Jlrecek {^nnnoioffia Bofttmiea, p. 94) says be true, that 
the 1st ed. of thlsbymn-book appeared in 1535 (Welsse 
d. 1534), tbe passages In tbe preface regarding Weiase 
are of course leas repugnant. Wackervagtt, 18S5, pp. 
579-5B0. reprints Horn's preface in full. 

3. xirthrttffetmg dartenen dit Ikubtartickd del 
CkrUilichaiglavbent kartt gtf^ati UHdautQclcgct ttod ; 

jut rent nev/en durchtthen, genwkrel, und ])er ltd. 
An, jfoievfat, i& untertheniffttsn devwt XHgexhriebea. 
Anno Domini 1963 [Berlin]. According to BJahoslav's 
account, this hymn-book was sent in its. to tbe Emperor 
Maximilian, in 1564, and was first printed In 1606, at 
Eibenschflti, in Moravia, after tbe death of Ferdinand, 
his father. It la in 4to, and contains 343 hymns ; being 
the hymns of the edition of 1544, with the exception of 
16 which are omitted, and 117 which are new. An 
Appendix Is sdded with 106 hymns by Lutheran authors. 
The preface (addressed to tbe " Beformed Evangelical 
Christian Churches of the German nation*') is signed by 
Michael Tham, John Jelecky, and Peter Herbert. This 
book was reprinted, unaltered, at 2?Qrnberg, In 1980. 

4. Later editionsoftheBrethren'sGcrmanbymn-book 
nppeeredlnlti06at Krallti.to Moravia, edited by Martin 
Poiykarp } in 1639 at Lissa in Poland, edited by Daniel 
Vetter; aud in 1601 at Amsterdam, edited by J. A. 
Comenius. In tbe edition of 1639 [nerlln] tbe names of 
toe authors are given in the index of first lines. There 
is also a biographical list (reprinted by TRu&eniqafl, 1. 
p. 726) "Of those persons who translated the Bohemian 
hymns Into German verse, snd ahto prejiared this hymn- 
book." All the hymns in the 1639, which are taken 
from tbe collections of V7elsse and Hutu, are said to be 
composed by these authors, 

9. The principal contributors to tbe editions of 1966- 
1039, ure tbe followuig : — 

(1) Feter Herbert (q, T .), 94 hymns. 

(t) John Jelecky (q, v.), 22 hymns. 

(3) MlohaelThnm [ordained priest, 1534; ministered 
at Fulnek snd d. there Ang. 27. 1511], is hymns. Throe 
are (r. in tbe Mrravian H. Bk., 1154, pt, i,, Nos. 275, 

282, 296. 

(1) John (Mik or Jiiek [b. ^ Slrehlen in Silesia; 
ordained priest 1549; d. at Nclileuburg In East Prussia, 
March 1, 1502], & hymns. 

(0) Oeorge Yettsr or Stray [b. 1535, at Zabfeh in 
Moravia; ordained priest 1567; d. Jan. 25, 1599, at 
Seloviti In Bohemia), 6 hymns, one of which is tr. as 
No. z&tinpt. 1. of the Momvian H. Bk., 1154. 

(d) Kartiu Polycaip [Hradecenus, 1. e. of Kunlg- 
gratz in Dobemla; d. soou after 1006, at Trehitz in 
Moravia], hymns. 

(7) John Zorytansky [znbLlster at Landskron in 
Bohemia, and Posen in Poland ; d. 1582], 2 hymns, one 
of which la tr. as No. 354 In pt, i. of tbe Jforauiar* II, 
Bk., 1154, 

(3) Psulns Klantendorfer (q. v.), 1 hymn. 

(Bj Tbe other authors sre, O) Centuvio Siruttchka 
(4 hymns); (2) Valentint SAuK«(3)i (3) £««k iibo- 
ni« of LUhau (1) ; Jfyrtin C*iiicti«l of 2lttau (2). 



BOHEMIAN HTMNODY 



157 



m, A tomparUon of the German Hymn-booki ««tft the Bohemian. 

L The hymn-book of Woisso, 1531. To only 12 of the German hymns in this collection 
have I boon able to find corresponding Bohemian hymns, which having been published before 
1531 may have been the originals of Weisse's hymns. Bat many of them nre adapted from 
older Latin hymns (usually in such coses being headed by the first lines of the Latin) ; so it 
is very difficult, almost impossible, to decide whether Woisso translated from the Latin 
directly or tlirough the Bohemian ; mere especially as his trt. are very free. 



German First Line. 



Bohemian First Line. 



Author, Source, kc. 



Chrlgtus der uns lellg macht 
Der Tag vertrelht did flnstre 
Naeht. 

Freucn tvir una all In cm . 
aelobtselGottlmhuchsten'riiron 
Gelobt ael Gott von Kwigkeit 

Glaubige Seal, acbau dels Herr 
uml Konis 

Komm belllger Geuvt, wahrer Gott 
Nun bust am den Lelb begraben 
Gott wit lobendlch. 

O Voter der BarmhcixiglceLt, 

Brunn 
wis fiuhlicb lot die Zcjt . 
Slngeu wlr frohllch allesamt 



M&ndrost Bobs otce prawda 
Jilt Bate vichodl t temnosti 



Radnjme bo vldy apolecne * 
lUdujme^ae viicknl nynte , 
Kfest .ane" chvalmel Boba , , 

Vema du&e, iidostnG mas . 

arat^ pHjdll dufte, nspln sides 
Ita£>ebnejme£ se stfm t&em 
Te Boha cbv&ltme, paiiem . 

Hwpodlno, atudnlce dobroty , 

NastaZ jest nAm vSem cas , , 
Nul vellkatwcnf chvalu , 



See " Patris Saplentla.'.' 
Fromtheiftt*™ittHt.ff. Bk., 1630. The 

Bob. h. has 1 st. mors tbnn tbe 

German. 
Sec " Frcnen wlr uns all In eln." 
This In noted under Weisse, M. 
lstpab.intheH.Blc.oflSOI. "Lauda 

Slon Selvaterem " is the tnne. 
Tbe Genua hss ft st. Tbo Bohemian 

(from tbe Utraguisl K. Bk., lo3o) 

has B, 
Noted under Weisie, Jf. 
Noted under WeUte, it. 
From the "Te Deum Undamus." Bo- 
hemian, 1st in the II. Bk. of lflol. 
"Kyrie tons berrttatis." From the 

Latin bytuoot. Boh.,lst pub.lnl&ul. 
Tbe Bah., la st., 1st pub. In IMi. 
" Victimac pascball faudsx," from tbe 

" ' Boa,, 1st pub. in 1501, 



ii. The hytofrbook by John. Morn, of 1541. To 7 of the hymns J. Horn added to the 
Brethren's hymn-book correspond the following Bohemian hymns. 



Der Kontg der Ebren Chrtitus 
HciUgcr Qeiat, Herre Gott , 

Nu loben wir bent allesamt 
Nun laset one su uleeer Frist 



O Webster Herre Jeau ChrUt 
OMensch thu heut bOren die Klsg 

freu dlch Jerusalem . 



JT1S piln nad p&y Krfotva . 
Navstev nils, Dufte svaty , 

Svrchovanoho krale poch*-alme2 
VslckulvSrne Kfcat'ane . 



Pane JsSisI Kristo ty's 
l'onlmthejte Saloby nebeskebo 

otce 
Til ee dcerto slonsW 



"CnmreJigloriasChiistns." TheBob. 

h. by M. JUldialec has 3 st. more- 
"Vemsancte splritua et emitte cooll- 

tus," a pretty exact tr. Boh., 1st 

pub. In laoi. 
"Summl triumpbnm regis," jr. from 

the Latin by iarai. 
"Gqudeamus poriter OEnqes.' 1 " Tlie 

Boh. b. by M. Mtcbalcc la « pretty 

exact (r, from the German. 
The Bon. h. by J. Augusta. 
The Bob. in the CTiuouiid" K. Bk., 

15M; InLuciK, iiujlj. 
By JT. Michalcc. The Boh. bas 3 at, 

more than the German. 



iii. The hymii-iook of 1566. We And 97 hymns, which correspond to Bohemian hymns in 
the Boh, H. Bk. of 1561. The same remarks, which we have made respecting Weisse's hymns 
and their original Bohemian, apply to many of these. 



m Gttvum iyntiti. 



Sfte nuUiari iff 
tfte CKm, A^nnt 
tuxording to tke 

It, Bk. 0/ 1639. 



nt Bohemian Aymnr. 



The authors of tAeBatenian 

hymm, taperKripliont 

and ether Mte*. 



Als Cbrletna hie anf Erden 

war 
Aus dem Abgrund der Hullen 

Scblnmt 

Barmhenlgcr Herre Zebaoth 

Barmher^ger Vater, all- 

uacbtLner 
Christl Aunshrt und Erh5- 

hnng 
Chrlsto dslnem Helland sel 

bent Lob 
Cbristns der wahrs Gottes 

Sohnaesandt 
nanksegung ael, Lob and Bhr 

Das errlge wahre Ltcbt 



7. ffirk . 
C. SiratseKko 

J.Jetedqf 

J.Jtelecky 

M. PUykarp 

Klsfling in the 
it. Bk. of 1«3S 
P, Herbert 

Jf. Poljfkarp 

Mleeing In tbs 
E.Bk.otti 



Tan Krletua, ayn bolt vecny, 

pfieel 
Zblul»kostlsT6uikoetltcbct' 

atvorltell vsemohauef, o(5e 

Bote 
MUoardny' otca, vftemoha.net 

tvorca 
Krist* pana na vsunpenl 

alavmeE 
Ke ctl Krlatakrale prozpevi^S 

Jelrt KrietuB Ju Bflh pr*^ 

Bud' chvili Bohu otcl I synu 

SvtHlo nf^tajnJfpE i §toU« 



^. jS'i'ujin. ** Jeau qu*dr«gt- 

profuudla cUmivt^ fpai- 

tlil tr.). 
Loot*, tr. from '*Kytle 
An^eloTum Doming" 
JT. Michaltc* "Ottnomtupi- 

u Fevtum Jiuutt 
celelwe migtuqiM goutta." 
uT.Auffvsta* u Ps»ll4t eccleaEi 
mit*r ilUbAtA," 
J". Ju^tijrfa. "Audi be* 
uigne condJtor." 
From the Jf- j5A. of 1601. 
*' CdQffaudeDt uratoruui." 
£ucai ( <r. from "Area vtrgi 
prlmu matrl(* N 



158 



BOHEMIAN HYMNODY 



The German hymns. 



Tfte authors <tf 
the Germ. hymns 
according to the 
H. Bk. of 1639. 



fite Bohemian huntm. 



and attar note*. 



Das euige Wort, der wahre 

Gott 
Da* Lebcu Cbrlatl uiuett 

Ilerm 
VtA nakre Licht von Gottea 

Thron 
Der eingebome Gottes Sohn . 

Der cwfg gtltigeGott bat eeiue 

Gat 

Der Herr und Heiland Jesus 
Christ 

Der Henog unsrer Seligkelt 

1st tieut 
DerhuchBtcGotthat tnselaem 

Rat 
Dies 1st der Tag den Gott dor 

Herr selbttt 
El Lust uus jetzt tllcsamt 

Ein rreudenreicher Tig 1st 

eutat&nden 
Ein neu* Bahn wir all* ban 



Ein wimderbitr echvu Licht 
ecbeinet 

Erbarm dlch unwr o tfeber 

HeireGott 
Erliur uns heut o uitaer lleber 

Vater 
Freud und Wollust dicser 

Welt 
Frublocke heutchrl&tgiiiabige 

Seel 
Frohloekt und rtthmt mit 

Here und tfund 
Gott der heillg Gefct vom 

HlmiDcl 
Gott der Vater epracb tu 

Cbrfcto 
(iottee Sohn Tom hucbetcn 

Thron 

Gott 1st zwar gOtig alio zett . 
Gott unsefm Hcxrn sci ewig 

Lob und 
Gott Tvolln wlr loben, der mit 

cdlenGaben 
Hallelujah singt all mtt gros- 

fler Freud 
Hallelujah singt all mit 

Frenden 
Hallelujah singt und aeid frob 

HeUtg und urt 1st Chrlsti 
Henschheit 

Heillger Geiet du bfot ein 

Gott 
Herr Christ des Lebens Quell 

Herr Gott echLck una m del- 

nen Geist 
Herr Gott, ScbGpfer helliger 

gfltiier 
Herr Gott Bend detnen Geist 

dcr lleben 
Herr Gutt Vater der du bUt 

gEltig 
Hoch ffclobt selst du Jeau 

Christ 
Hor Menach tin tranrig Ge- 

scblclit 
J*ucbit tu Ebreix Chrtato 

Icb faht nut 1 , eprfcht Chrlstus 

der Herr 
Icb trcrd erfrent Hberaua, 

ircnnlcli 



p. Iftrtort 

Jfn TAam . 

Is missing In the 

//, Bk. of l«39 

i». J/erfiert 

J. Girk . 

J*. Berbert 

MlflsJug ta tbe 
tf. 5fr, of lflM 
i* t Herbert 

M> Folykarp . 

J. JeJecky 

J. Korytanihtf . 

Mlsflng Id tbe 
IT. Bk of i«a? 

AT. Pof^jfearp . 

if + Pvlykarp , 

P. Herbert 
P, Merbert 

p, mi-tort 

P. Herbert 

if, Tham . 

J. JtUcky 
P, Herbert 

P. Herbert 

P. Herbert 

P. Herbert 

Mbshiff bi tbe 
If. Bk, or 163S 
J'. Zfitrtcrt 

P. Berbert 
P. Jfrrter* 
<?. Titter 
Jf. Jftam , 
r + Herbert 
P. Herbert 
P. Herbert 
Jfi Tftam * 



9bvo syn Bo£[ Jedin^ bez 

po&tku 
Zlrot Krlatu xrelebujaie, 

«Mvu jeho 
Sv^tlo iftstkv^lo se ptedlvne 

nod nfrnf 
Vfiiny syn Jedaorozen^, Bab 

prav^ 
Bgob dobr^, dobroty eve v 

boM m&mobA 

Aj ujTilt,' Pan BBb pHchfUi 
zborQv 

Aj prrorownjf cti a slavaa 

nwlObOTiy 
Tmjna rady nloicnf hcvehIq 

j«t 
Den pfttomny v^f vji.tnwti 

Jest bodny 
Narozeuf Fiinfi v tento Cas 

pamatujmu 
Na$tal nuto den piteut&Seuy' 

Ccsta k ncbl novfi liva od 
Doha 

Svetltt asrkvSlo se Jeet dneSnf 
dcu 

Lftwt mej nad nnmi, tiJi 

Pane 
Qslylii nAs, Hoapodine, 

nebot' 
RoitoB 1 ut&enle tohoto evSta 

Teselil ae ardce kiM6ho v£r- 

n^ho 
Badujnie: ee v naSem irdd a 

dofcr^ch 
Svatjf ducb s nebe pflSly, 

naplnll 
Fitu naii otet ncbesltf ejtm 

Svyso&ti t»L tento evH otec . 



IVibrotlvVt' Jwt PfinBuh ntii, 
Stvpffteli vefneiDU bud 1 

chviUod 
Budt± veleben P£n Bfih nfii, 

pocbvaieu 
Hallelujah zplvejme e rado*tf 

Hallelujah Buchsrat? pTiftel. 

Hallelujah nlAra naioEen£mu 

,pfinu 

ustachtLl£ pfirocenf . 



DtiSe avat^, Jenl *a pin a Bib 

TileiDaha.iicr 
6 Krlste TikHsen^ krtl 

nad krali 
Bole n^ myt' prosfme d^ at* 

Boio vWji^ vSemobaud otBe 

Sc£))i HwrodbiB svatebo 

dticba srdno 
Bu*e oWe jeni 'a tnlloatlrjF a 

dabrotlvy 
VftftJ, Jemkrlate, a nebeikl 

vysosti' 
Cbtejmel my poatautJuti 

Uk4 
Pl«aeJ Bohn, vzdaTeJ mu 

chvfilu 
Jit' yetupijlj dt Pan, vnebe 

kotel 
Jat' tern v torn roaveselen 



^ y?JflA«fap, " Verbum 

capo factum tet. JJ 
«T + Aiigntta. "Adsunt fi*U 

lubAea," 
J* Bkthoskiv. Introitna. 

If. Jftcftrtfcc, " En tritiltatia 
ppeculum/' 

J. fVJlMn-jiA|f (from tbe JT. flft- 
of 1501). Tune: "Are* 
virgapnmaematris." 

J: Jelecktf, "The seven let- 
ters from the Itev^Utlon of 
St. John, ii., iii." 

J. Btdtotkm. «VW GalLL- 
lael quid aeptcitis." 

Lucas. " Verbum lnnum ci 
euivc," 

"Haecert dies 
quAm fecit Domlnu£>" 



A. Sturm. 

J. Augu&ta* Measitre and 

tune of the German and tbe 

Bohemian are different. 
J. Btahottao. " Lust fulgebit 

nodley" Introlt, at the 

morning: service. 
Qallas DfevCnett. ** Misercro 

noatri Domioo/' 
G. Dfevinck. "ENa^idl noa 

Domlne/ 1 
Ut pub. hi tbe TCraguitii 1 

HBk. t 1522. 
A, Sturm, "Exultct Jam 

*ngelltt." 
Jf. Kmvdtdsky. 

J. Mahoiliijt. *<3plritus Do- 
mini replerrt." 
Jf.Michalec, Ps + 110 

The priest Mitlnsky (Utra- 
qulat); lit pub. in tho 
mtaquiStf H Bk. t 1522. 

J* Augusta. 

A. Sturm* 

J. Augusta. 

A. Sturm* " Inritatorium." 

/. Augusta, 

*' Alleluia, dies 
sanctWcatuB Uluxit/' 

J. Blahotlae. Tbe Bob. b 4 
baa l at, more than tha 
German, 

Jf. Jftctata, 

■* VIU Stntioratn, 
decn« Angelorum/ 1 
Lttcat, from tbe Latin. " Pa- 
trem notum Paracletuoi/' 



/. Btafa>slav. 

J. Augusta. 

J. Pausiettikt 

J. Augusta* **Pa. 6S.* r 

J. Augusta. " Ascrndo ad 
patrem menm." 

AT MichaUe* "!fV 122. 
I^aetatus Bam in his/ 1 tutu) 
and measure of tbe *ierm, 
and the Boh, hyuins are 
diHerflnt. 



BOHEMIAN HYMNODY 



159 



the German hymnt. 



Hie authors cf 
the Germ, hymn* 
according to tJu 
H. Bk. of 1630, 



The Bohmim Kymnt. 



The author* tf the Bohemian 

hymn*, Mixrswtptionx, 

and siker notes. 



61 
A3 
63 

W 
65 
6fi 
67 
68 
09 
*o 
5l 
52 
73 
U 

re 

16 

15 
*s 

80 

ai 

A3 



Jeau Gettea Liimmlein, der 

du hist dea 
Jesu Krcu* Leiden trad Pern 

Jesus ChrUtuB unaer Heir . 

J*sua ward bald nach seiner 

Tauf 
Ihr tiottesboten iQbmb alh> 

zelt 

Jubillert heut ille Gemelnerj 
( = Hallelu.ah frcu dich 
ChrUtca&cbar) 

Komm £tu£pfer heilJger GeJst 

Lawt una anselm die Sterb- 
llcbkeU 

Laaat una Christ! Sieg und 

Auflabrt 
Lasst ting bcut loben unserc 

KfflilK 
LssKt una harm die Stlmm 

und herzltabe 



Lust uns bftren die Stlmm 
(see Halleluiah atngt all 
mft grosser l<reud» 34) 

Lawt nns lobeo Gate den 
Ilerrn 

Lasst una mit hcrriichcr Be 
(der 

Lobsingt beut En Ehrcn 
Christo Jesu 

Mcnschenkind was brCLst du 

dicli 
Nol imt wabr das Lfcbt, welch* 

erlsucht 
Nehmt wani der Wclsen aus 

dem 
Nun lasst una bent all ein 

triichtigllch 
Nunsebt uud merkct lieben 

Lent 
dn allmachUgcrKuDiguml 

Hen 
du unerfbrechlleher, al] 

mftchtlger 
Gntt erbarm dich mein, 

wasch 
Gott firai rerliUsest dn 

helliger Geiet sei bent und 

allelic 
Hirt und HeUand Israel, 

derdu 
Mensch scfaau «i CbrEstI 

Leben 
Vater tiler BatmhenigTteit 

welch cine w underb&re und 
unerbuite 

vie eebr UebtEch alnti all 
deine WubuuTie 

wle aDssiaf; dein Ged&chtnls 

Preiset mitFreudeu you (puv 

nm Gemote 
Preis und Eor act Gott In der 

Schau vie llebllch und gut 

lata 
Set gelobet Hsrr Jeau Christ 

duKdntg 



J', //tutor* 

I\ ITeiterf 

Mining In the 
/A /ft. of 1*39 
P. Herbert 

Hissing In the 
/f + Jik. of 1639 

F. Herbert 
P. Herbert 

p. Herbert r 

Missing iu the 

//. Itk. of 1039 

2\ ifej bert 



J. Gtrk , 

J», Herbert * 

Jf- Cbrndiut . 
P. Herbert 
M> rolykaTp . 
P, Herbert 

P. Herbert 

jtf. Poljftarp • 

P. H&rbert 

Mlfifiin* in the 
/T, fffe. of 1633 

J* Jdtcky 

Ml Tftam . 

MLaalnc in tlie 
H. gk. of 1639 

jr, Jeledcp, 

P. Herbert 

P. Herbert 

Misaintt ta the 
if, JJft. of 1639 

P. Herbert 



berunku boif, Jenl jsl ebft- 

tovuii 
Uatncenio nalchq pfina mt 

lOStDLUho 

Kdyi syn lwi[ v ned£li vstal 

jest 
Fun JeZft po ev4m pukHeoi 

puaeti uk 
Vynravujtei, nebc&tf, alavu 

eluva 

SUvtc?. Jracne jebe (= nalle- 
lujab iirxizpeYuj) 

rMjdli (*5itelL duSe av*tj', a 

vernfeh 
Vtwnei pr (tlitd smrtcdbostl 

mrtvebe 

ZvMtotvf JtiSe, pfina pte- 

vclmi si. 
^ejvj*5fhq krdle vfiecb^Boba, 

cbvalme 
I^rdrock^BljSnio itldoatl pbi^ 
bias 



EJ nu£ obvilu vdeEntn vidit- 

vejmc* 
N£boftnymi srdcinynfproabr 

UlTrnic 
ChvnLu vulftvejte Piinn Bohu 

mocnemu 

Troti ae pneS, ^ ulove^c^ k nebl 

p^cbau 
Aj avetlo evSta ^ oftvecOT^nf 

AJ mudrd od vfchudu ob^to- 

vail dary 
P/roap^vnjmcS vSicltnl veaele 

a slivmei 
Ncdeatei ec vftlckni toho 

knlll a piine Bote Abra- 

bamfi 
Boic nepoatihiy a v&emohauc! 

KrUste 
SmlluJ bo nadc mnan^ Boie 

ahlul' 
IkBpodJne pn>£ odiafUlfl lid 

Duchx svat^ho mllost raC 

b^tl a najnl 
O pastyti lin-Mbky f syau 

Boh* llvebo 
PFebl&bo&liiveujF £Levik, jehoS 

bybyl 
Vsbnd nue ( Pane, at 1 po- 

TAtanein« 
O ptodiTue a ncal^ehau^ na- 

vatfveni 

Aj jak jsou mllf tvojl pHbyt- 
kova 

JeJftl tvat' Jest pamutkm 

aladsfnod 
Chvdly radostoe OQbtsk£mu 

ofcd 
SUvanaTysoatecblkiibnanii 

xeml 

AJ jak jeat to mile a nt£5en& 

ZdrdT bud" knlli nebeaky 
xemskjF 



A. Stunt, 

let pub. Id tbo 

npYljr(U>($' J/. 7VAr., 1522, 

Lvcas. " ilanc prima aalh- 

batU" 
Jniifajr. "Ex more docti 

mjTjtlco." 
Lucuj, "Cntll enarrant glo- 

riam Del," tr. from tbo 

Lhtlo, 
Jf. MichaUc* EiBter luvi- 

** Vcni Creator ftpititua," 

from the Latin. 
Luccu. "lbMEamue to Di>> 

mine Dens/ (r. Erem the 

Latin, 
J. jrfaMctv. 

" Siimmi regia 
ar^liangcle MUJiacL^ 
/. JflaAoxIao. "IntroituB, 
which the old Bubemlaiia 
named 'Korate* and nacd 
te ting en Advent Sunday 
before morning service." 



H. Turnout^, '^arccola* 

mils laudihna pits." 
Lucas. 

A. Stum, corrertcd by Horn, 
"Laudem dieito Deo noa* 

tTD." 

J. Wutf. 

J* JfiaJioxtati. "Lumen ad 

rcvclationem." 
J". Aitttvaitl. " InTitatorlum." 

J>An$u*ta* ** Ecce ccncipica 

ct paries fillum." 
J* livkyta. 

'"Domino ltex^Dcns Abra- 



J* Avguita. "P&. 51." 

J". AvgutH. "Ta, 10/' 

^Sancti Rpiritus adslt nebfa 

gratia,** from the Latin, 
J. Augutta. "1**, &6." 

J. EkjJuxlav. Pa, ], "Bea^ 

tus vir qui non abllt." 
Lucat* 

J. Btaltottav. "Oadmirabila 
oommerdum ** (adapted 
from an rid Bob, hymn), 

J. Augusta. " a. Hi." The 
first time in the UtraquUtt' 
If. Bk. of 15S9, 

Tune: "Jesu duleta memo- 
rJa" ^ do Clairvanx>* 

jr. ffteitwslar* "Ut aneant 
lujihi Tenonnfe ilbris. 

(4 Gloria in cxcelala dco ± " from 
the eeclcaiawtlcal Gradual, 
1st pub. Intbe H.&k,, 1601. 

M, U&vetdta. *'Pa, 133," 

Lttcat* J, Salve rex coeli et 
terrae," tr* from the Latin, 



* The Brethren's hymn ia not a translation ef Bernard's Latin bymn, but of a communlon*hymn by the 
famous follower of Iran ; J&g* JacobeUut t " Jeau tui memoria," Brat published by rbUfaii* (Prague, 1574) nnnVr 
the title, " Antlqna et conatans confesalQ," 'Hie Bobemtan tranfiation waa first printed in tbe Vtraqni^w 11. Bk. 
ufl&tt. 



160 



BOHEMIAN HYMNODY 



BOHMER, M. M. 





Ike German hymn*. 


Tie aufhers «/ 
Me Cei-at. *y»ni« 
according to Me 
jff. Afcijf 1«3!>. 


The SohaAian hy mnj. 


Jfa authors of the AAemian 

jtymnr, superscription^ 

and otW twins. 


B* 


ScllK nind in Joben Guttcs 


Aliasing tn tbe 


pTebjahoaUvene blaboslA- 


Lucas. "0 beata beatormn 




Murtyrcr 


11. Bk. of 1939 


venycb 


martyrum." 
Jf. JfiehdUc, tboup^h fiome say 


a 


Singct mlt Frcuden lobct und 


/\ /fcrbcr( 


PokHJmgineS vfllclcnl kdjviile 




prcl&t 




rOna 


tbat Br + A, Sturm compewed 
It. (Blaho*l4V t J>e cottfio- 

" Ffflta CbriiH 


it 


Slngt ell iu Ehren 


js*. /Wjitarp . 


Dojme* cbviUu P-hra a Bobu 








vflemoh 


oiDnls cbrlatltmltda^" 


ai 


Slngt ftubllch und seid uohl. 
gemut 


Jf. Zftam , 


Hud CAdOfjtxi^ pjuuatujmc 
eynibofilia 


Jf. Jtfi^ftoift!. 


83 


Steb suf Hetr Gott o stehe nuf 


it. nam . 


Povatan', Pane, d pov&tan', 
navftt£vi£ 


i*(«w» 


89 


Uni 1st bent alien eta scllgs 


P. Herbert 


DIt* pfektikne oaro dilo bo 


J. ^foAoffetr. *' Ptwr nLtai 




Kind 




JlttlU 


«t nobis," ^ " adapted It 
from an old on* aod cast it 
Into a new form/' 


00 


W*=H suf Cbdstenmenscli 


it. Wiam . 


Probud' ee jii, dute T&mtt, 


£huu. 1st pub. iu tbe Hro- 




nud betr&cht 




pTiSlat' 


gitirta' H. Bk. t 15ft), 


9] 


Wub nuf Jerusalem sei froli 


if. J*am . 


Prubudl£ ae, 6 Jerazaleme, 

neb aj 
Pr&hud'te so spwcdJM, 


J. .£fajtafftat>. " IntToltuB/' 


n 


lVecht fKMlcli »nf Itir tie- 


Missing In tbe 


/. fifa/uufav. 




rechten 


11. Bk. of 1C39 


bydlltclc Siona 




93 


Well dioser Tug vergsngen ist 


I', JCltwttin- 
darjfer 


Pntci ilenni! vykonavSe A k 


/, jtfatauEarr, 


91 


WelS wir vwu Ilerrcn nun- 


Missing in the 


Aj putitivjuU my dobre veci 


tweoi* "SL bon* aiiapepi- 




clierlei guts 


/£ #fc. Of 1039 


zdpjtf 


muV' tr, from the I<atin. 


94 


Wer in gnter Hofnrang will 


/*. Herbert 


Kdoi chofl v dobre nidejl 


Dtm&t (a member of a tu>bl« 




vonlilnnen 




amrti av« 


family t one of whom wm 
cbamberlain io tbe empe- 
ror Giarlea IV*). 


OS 


VTohUnibr Ueben Kinder, die 

itir slnd 
Woblinf die lbr hungrlg seld 


J. Jctecki) 


^ nul toy ditky, flpctlxkftem 


George Vikiovtkjf* 


« 


r. Herbert 


EJ HUB laCnf MedIf!, sytostJ 


J. Aufftttta. 








boZake 





The sources of tbe Bohemian Brethren's hynonology (besides the original hymn-bookB) are 
on tho German hymn-books, WaefceriMcoet, Leipa,, 1867-77; Tncher, Schatz <Us eirang. Kircneil- 
geMings, Lcipz., 1848 ; arid on tlie Bohemian hymn-booka, JireSok, IFymnologia biikemica, 
tltjiity cirkevniho hiimiclvi ietltiho nl do xuiii, stolett, in the Abhandlungen der littnigl 
bghmitehen OeeelUchaft der W&aenscluiftcn vi. 9, ft;igue, 1878. [J. T. M.] 



Bohia, David [Behme], 
Eohm, Hartin [Behm]. 

Bohmer, Just Heimiilg, s. of Vnlentin 
Bohmer, advootite of Hannover, b. at Han- 
noTur, Jan. 29, 1U74. Alter studying Law at 
the U nirers itica at Jcun, Einteln, and Halle, 
lio graduated at Halle in 1U98, and began to 
lecture in 1(199. In 1701 he was appointed 
Professor extraordinary, in 1702 Doctor, and 
anil in 1711 ordinary Professor of Iaw, at 
Halle. He subsequently received many 
honour?, being- appointed in 1731 Director of 
tlie University of Halle, in 1743 Chancellor 
of the Duchy of Magdeburg, &c,, and vtu 
reckoned a very high authority especially in 
ecclesiastical law. While lecturing to his 
BtudentH, Aug. 8, 1719, he suddenly became 
ill, and after a struke of palsy, d. Aug. 23, 
1749. (Kodi, iv. 373-375; AUg. Deutsche 
Biog., iii. 79-81, the latter (luting his death 
Aug. 29.) Of his 21 hymns, 3 appeared 
in Freyliiifchausen's GeUtreiche* G. Ji. 1704-5. 
Two have been (r. into English, Tiz. : — 

i. Biieh dureo, ratio. ftAgtftthtnu Hen. [Pas- 
siHifife.] 1st pnb. 170+, bs above, No. 846, in 
14 st. of 5 ]., repented as No. 218 iu the Berlin 
G, L. 8., ad. 1863. Tr. as:— 

Genu«f#, my serely tempted henrt I A good fr, 
by Miss Wink worth of st. i.-iii., vi., ix., xii.-xiv. 
in the 2nd Series of her Lyra Ger. 1858, p. 14;J, 
repeated as No. 126 in her C. II. for England, 
1863. InSchafFsCAristtnSonj, «d. 1879, p. 356. 

ii,9 (tnftrrt»niner6i(teitai»t, {Eattcr.] 1704, 



as tibove, No, 650, in 14 at. of 8 1., included <is 
No. 314 in the Beilin G. L. 8., ed. 1803. Tr. 
an:- — 

rbwn Lord i oonqnering King '. A good tr. 
by Miss Winkworth of st. i., iv.-vi., siii., 
xiv., in the 2nd Series of her £;)ra Gcr., 1858, 
p. 41. In full in SchnfTs Christ in &M/J, cd. 
1879, p. 208,* anil, with alterations anil the 
omission of st. iv., in Alton's Supp. Jfy«; No. 
325 ; X. Cong,, No. 1041 ; and J. L. Porter's 
Coll., 1876, No. 757. In her C. B. for England, 
1863, No. 63, altered, with the tra. of st. iv., 
iiv. omitted. [J. M.] 

Bohmer, Maria Magdalena, sister <.f 
J. H, Buhmer (see above^ was born at Han- 
nover, where she died, unmarried, in 17!3 or 
1741 (Koch, iv. 373; Bode, p. 47). She con- 
tributed two hymns (Nos. 6*5, 660) to Frey- 
lingliausen'fl G.B., 1701; while one (No. 430) 
in his Nettes Gehtreiehes G. B.. 1714, and four 
( Nos. 188, 193, 191, 582) in the A'eue Sammlung, 
Weruigerode, 17S2, are also ascribed to her. 
The only hymn by her tr. into English is — 

Euu Chrirteii Hen. \\_Langmg for Heaven.'] 
1st ]iub. as No. 655 in Frsylingh onsen's G. B., 
1704, in 6 st. of 6 1., repenteJ aa No. 701 in the 
Berlin G. L. S„ ed. 1863. It is tr. as :— 

Regvdleu now of thingn b*l»w. A very five 
tr. by J. Wesley in II. $ Stored Poena, 1740 
(P. Works, 1868-72, vol, i. p. 222), in 4 st. 
Included, as No. 6, in the Wesley H. # Spiritual 
Songs, 1753; in the Supp. of 1830 to the We*. 
H. Bk, ; and in the We*. H. ■»*-, 1875. [J. M.] 



BOIE, NIGOLAU8 

Bole, Nioolauo. [S»y».] 

Bonar, Hor&tluB, d.d. Dr. Bonar'a 
family lioa had representatives among the 

clergy of the Chuicn of Scotland during two 
oenturie* and more. His father, James Bonar, 
second Solicitor of Excise in Edinburgh, was 
a man of intellectual power, varied learning, 
and deep piety. 

Horutius Bonar was b. in Edinburgh, Doc 
19th, 1S08; end educated at the High School 
and the University of Edinburgh. After com- 
pleting his studies, he was "licensed" to 
preach, and become assistant to the R«v. 
Jnhu Lewis, minister of St. James's, Leitu. 
He was ordained minister of the North Parish, 
Kelso, on the 3Uih November, 1837, but left 
the Established Church at 1 he " Disruption," 
in Slay, 1843, remaining in Kelso ss a minister 
of the Free Church of Scotland. The Univer- 
sity of Aberdeen conferred on him the doc* 
torato of divinity in 1853. In 186G he was 
translated to the Chainlets Memorial Church, 
the Grange, Edinburgh ; and in 1883 ho was 
chosen Moderator of the General Assembly of 
of the Free Church of Scotland, 

Dr. Boner's hymns and poems were, be tells us, com- 
posed amid a great variety of circumstances j I n many 
coses he cannot himself recall these circumstances; they 
Also Appeared In several publications, bnt nearly all 
have b3en published or republished in the following; — 
(X) Songe for the WUdtrneit, 1M3-4. (2) The Bible 
Jlyan Hook, 18ii. (S) Bmuu, Original and Selected, 
1848. (4) Jfymniof JtairtotKtJBojie, FirstSerlcs, 1SK; 
Second Series 1MI (Third Series, IBM. (5) Tie Sang 
ef Me .Veto Ovation, ISIS. {») My Old Lettert, n long 
poem, 1877. (T) Hymu of the nativity. 1STS. {») 
GmmulHen HytM[t t last. In addition to numerous 
prose works, he has also edited TSe A'ev Jerusalem 
a JFymt nf the Olden Time, 1992, 4c. 

Dr. Bonar'a poems— including many beautiful lyrics, 
several psalm versions, and translations from tbe Greek 
and Latin, a large number of hymns, and a long medi- 
tatlvo poem^sre very numerous, too numerous, per- 
haps, for their permanent fame as a whole. 

Dr. Boost's scholarship Is thorough and extensive ; 
and hts poems display the {trace of atyle and wealth of 
allusion which are the fruit of ripe culture. Affected 
very slightly by currant literary moods, still leu by tbe 
influence of other religious poetry, they reveal extreme 
susceptibility to the emotional power which the phases 
of naturetandof spiritual life exercise; the phases of 
natural life bring recognised chiefly as conveying and 
fashioning spiritual life, used chiefly for depleting spirl* 
tual life, and handled for this purpose with greater 
delicacy of touch than In tbe Olney Rymnt, and with 
less oonseions purpose than in tbe ChrittUut fear. As 
a result of this susceptibility, and from habitual eontem- 

Station of tbe Second Advent as the era of this world's 
ue bliss, his hymns and poems arc distinguished by 
a tone of pensive reflection, which some roigbt call 
pessimism. But they are more than the record or emo- 
tion ; another element is supplied by hds intellectual and 
penxwalgrasp of Divine truth, these troths particu- 
larly:— Tbe gift of a Substitute, our Messed Saviour; 
Divine grace, righteous, yet free and universal in oner ; 
the dirty of Immediate rellanoe upon the privilege of 
Immediate assurance through that grace j communion 
with God, especially in tbe Lord's Supper, respecting 
which he insists on tbe privilege of cherishing the highest 
conceptions which Scripture warrants j and Anally, the 
Second Advent of our Lord: by bis vigorous celebration 
or these and other trutfaa as the source and strehgib of 
spiritual life, his hymns are protected from the blight of 
unhealthy, sentimental retrospection. 

To sum up: Dr. Banar's hymns satisfy the fastidious 
by their Instinctive good taste i tbey mirror tbe life of 
Christ In the soul, partially, perhaps, but with vivid 
accuracy i they win Ibe heart by their tone of tender 
sympathy ; they sing the truth of God in ringing notes \ 
sod although, when taken as a whole, they are not per- 
fect; although. In reading them, we meet with feeble 
stanzas, balling rhythm, defective rhyme, meaoiogiese 
iteration i yet a singularly large number have been 
stamped with approval, both In literary circles and by 
the Church, 



BONAB, HOBATIUS 



1«1 



In G. Britain and America nearly 100 of 
Dr. Bonar'a hymns are in C. U. They are 
found in almost ail modern hymnals from four 
in H. A. <fc JUT. to more than twenty in the 

American Soups for *fhe Sanctuary, N. Y., 
18G5-72. The most widely known are, "A 
few more years shall roll ;" " Come, Lord, 
and tarry not ;" " Here, O my Lord, I see 
Thee face to face;" "I heard the Voice of 
Jesus s«y ;" "The Church has waited long;" 
and " Thy way, tiot mine, O Lord." 

In addition to these and others which are 
annotated undir their resp^etive first lines, 
the following nre also in C. U. : — 
i From&njs/ar'ie'rFildcTiieBS.No. 1,1843, 

1. For Thee we long and pray. Sunday Morning. 

2. Holy Father, hear my cry. A Child t rrayer. 

3. I thought upon my elns and I was sad. chrirt 
our I'tact. 

4. Peace to tbe world, our Lord is come, A Millen- 
nial Sottg. 

a. Spirit of everlasting gTace. The Haunt of I)ryih»Hf, 

ii. From Songtfor (he Wilderness, No. 2, 1844. 

G. Ho, ye thirsty, parched and fainting. Invitation. 

I. 'tis not what we fancied It. The world raarunted. 
B. Sing tbf id, my children, slug them still. Children 

exhorted to Praitc. 

9. Time's aun is fast setting. Advent. 

10. Weep, pilgrim, weep, yet 'tl» nut fur the sorrow. 
taith. 

II. Yes, for me, for me He carvtb. Chritt tht Elder 
Brother. 

iii. From The Bible Hymn Book, 1845. 

12. Jesus, my sorrow lies too deep. Jerut, the Great 
High 1'ritil. 

13. There la a Morning Star, my soul. The Jfirnittg 
Star. 

14. This is nut toy place of resting. I 'retting towards 
htaeett. 

jv. From Hymns, Original mul Selected, 1846. 

15. Let tin re be lislit, Jehovah said. Crtatiw. 

v. From Hymn* of Faitk awl Hope, 1st 
series, 1857. 

10. lie brave, my brother. The Fight of Fttilh, 

37. Blessed be Ciod, our God. Good Friday, 

] 8, Everlasting prslseB. Doxology. 

IS. Go up, go up. my heart. Jieatenty atpiralwrH 
dctircd. 

2e. I close my heavy eye. Xrcaivg. Somttlmes 
given as " U"e cluae our heavy eyes." 

21. I see tbe crowd ro 1'llate'a hall. Good Friday, 

33. Jesus, while this rcngh desert soil. Strength by 
the Way. 

23. Jesus, Whom angel-bosts adere. The Word made 
Fteth. Ytooi "The San of God, In mighty love." 

2t, Make haste, man, to live. Exhortation to lag 
hold of Life. 

2G. No seas again shall sever. Heaven. 

2n. Oppressed with noonday's scorching heat. STtadoio 
of the trait. 

2J, Rcpt for the tolling band. Burial. From " Lie 
down, frail body, here." 

2ti. Shall tbis life of mine be wasted ? Exhortation 
to J3atv. 

29. These are tbe crowns that we shall wesr. Htaven. 

3D. Thy works, not mine, O Christ [Lord]. The sin- 
bearer. 

3z. Where the faded flower shall freshen, jjeaven. 

vi. From Synuu of Faith and Hope. 2nd 

series, 1861. 

32. Be still, my eonl, Jehovah lovetb Thee. Sett in 
the Love of God. 

S3. Christ has done the mighty work. Coot Friday. 

34. Come, mighty Spirit, penetrate. Whittmti&e. 
29. Deep down beneath the unresting surge. Atrial 

at Sea. 

35. Fear not the fee, thou flock of God [thou little 
flock]. Battle^ong of the CAurea. 

37. For lack of love I languish. Lent. 

3S. From this bleak bill of storms. Eternal Rett 
dc tired. 

as. He llveth long who llveth well. The True Life. 

40. Here shall death's triumph end : tbe rook-barred 
door, faiter. From "The tomb is empty: wouMst 
thou have it fuU." 



162 



BONAK. J. C. 



41, Jesus, Son and Shield art Thou. Jetut the Firit 
stul Lust* 
At. Jeans, the Christ of God. J*r&ira to Cfcrtfi, 

43. Light of the world, 6>r ever, ever shining. dirM 
the Light of the Win-Id. From " Why walk ia dark- 
ness f Hu the dear light vanished r" 

44. Make use of me, my God. Duty desired. 

45. Not what I vn, O Lord, but what Thou art. 
The lave of God. 

48. O Light of Light, ahlne in. Oy of (he Weary. 
41, love of God, how strong and true. Love of Pod. 

48. O love that caste out fear. Ijove of God. 

49. O etroog to save and bless. Lent. 

no. O this soul, how dark and blind, lettf. 
61. Safe acrusa the waters. Thankrgiving at end of 
eijoarney. 
6a. Silent, like men in solemn haste. Pressing on- 

6a. Speak, lips of mine, £zaorta(ton to Praice. 

64, The Bridegroom cornea. Advent. 

vii. From Hymns of Faitk and Hope. 3itl 
■erics, lKGi). 

66. Bear Tbon my burden, Thou Who har'st my sin. 
Lent or Parsiontide. 

66, Done ia the work that saves. Easier. 

ST. Father, our children keep, Prayer an behalf of 
Children. 

58. l"ill Thou my life, Lord my God. Life's Praise. 

99. Flnlab Thy work, the time ie short. £dmett 
labour to the end, 

60. From the Cross the blood is falling. Good Friday. 

61. He called thetn, and they left. Obedience. 

65, Help me, my [0] God to speak, Ti-uih desired. 
61. Holy Father, Mighty God. Boly Trinity. 

64, How are my troublee multiplied. Pt. Hi. 

66, How sweetly doth He show His fac.». Ptower 
Seruiee. 

66. Light hath arisen, we walk In its brightness, 
&uUtiniitff power of faith* 

67. Iio, God, our God has com!!. Christmas. 

66, Lord, give me light to do Thy work. Divine 
guidance desired. 

69. No, not despairingly. Lent, 

Yd. Not to ourselves again. Ltfe in Christ,or, Living 
unto God. 

71. Now In parting, Father, bless us. Post Commu- 
•Won. 

12. Sounds the trumpet front afar. Ba£#e-S&ny of the 
Church. 

73. Thee In the loving bloom of mom, God in alt. 

74. Through good report and evil, Lard, Faithfalneu. 
TS. To Jehovah, God of might. Praise to the tUther. 

76. To the name or Gipd on high. Itotdlogy. 

77, Upward, where the stars are burning. Heaven- 
vnrd Atpirationt. 

18. We tike the peace which He bath won. ftie Gyft 
of Pease. 

79. When the weary, seeking rest, /ntercesrfim for 
all Conditions of Hem. 

viii. F ram 27ie Sonj o/ (fte Jfe«i Creation,! 872. 
so. For the Bread and for the Wine. H. tfnnmu-niofl. 
61. Light of life so softly shining. Light nfLife. 

82. Yet there Is room. The Lamb's bright ball of 
song, ifonuf Mixtions. 

is. From Hymns of the Nativity, 1879. 

83. Great Ruler of the land and sea, Saiiort' Liturgy. 
x. From Communion Hymns, 1681, 

64, Beloved, let us love. Brotherly Love. 

In several instances these hymns are given 
in an abbreviated form, and sometimes altera- 
tions ore also introduced. In this* latter 
respect howovir Dr. Bonnr lias suffered less 
than most modern hymn-writers. [J. B.J 

Bonar, Jane Catharine, nee Iiun- 
die, daughter of the Rev. Eobert Lundie, 
some time minuter of the parish of Kelso, 
b. at Ketgo Mouse, December, 1821, married, 
in 1843, to Dr. H. Bonar, and d. in Ed in burgh, 
Dec. S, 1881. Her hymns appeared in Dr. 
Bonar 1 a Sonne for the Wilderness, 1843-1, and 
his B&U H, Blc. t 1815. Their use is very 
limited. Mrs. Bonar is chiefly known through 
her hymn :— 

Pan awiy, earthly joy. Jesus, all in all, which 
appeared in the Bongs for the Wilderness, and Series, 



BONAVENTUBA 

1844, and again in the Bible H. Eh. 1846, No. 168, In 
4 st. of 8 1., Including the refrain, "Jesus is mine I" 
The original text la given In Dr. Hatfield's Chvrth 
JT. Bk. ISia, No. Mi. Sometimes thia is altered to 
"Fade, fade, each earthly Joy," s& In the American 
Songs fcr the Sanctuary, 1866, No. 774, and othen. 
The last stanza of tills hymn la also st. iv. of the cento, 
" Now X have found a, friend," &c. (q. v.) 

Bmrnventrura, Saint and Cardinal, com- 
monly called "Doctor Scraphicns," was b. of 
pious ntfd well-to-do parents at Bagncra, 
in TiL'icany, 1221. His father's noma was 
John, mf' Fideim, and he was baptized in his 
falhei's name of John. It is sail that his 
mother, when her boy of four years old was 
"sick unto death," made a vow that, if he re- 
covenid, ho should become a member of tho 
Order of St. Francis, and that, his recovery 
taking; place immediately thereupon, she ex- 
claim^}, " O Bonaventura t " ("O what good 
luck" 1 , (he name adopted by the ton when 
be entered the Franciscan Order in 1212. 

Ho wua sent by big Order as a student to the 
University of Paris probably in or about a.d. 
1242, and became n Professor of Theology 
there in 1245, In 1256, at the age of thirty- 
five years, and thirteen year* after bU profes- 
sion as a monfc, be was, in bis absence, unani- 
mously elected General of his Order by a 
Chapter held at Home in the presence of the 
then Pope, Alexander IV. His election proved 
a happy one for the Franciscans, whose Order 
was in a critical condition, threatened with a 
schism, and tainted with heresy. In 1267 he 
was offered the Archbishoprioof York by Pope 
Clement IV., but declined it,on the ground that 
any further addition to the long list of Italian 
dignitaries, who were being forced upon the 
Church of England at that tune against its will, 
would cause fresh strife, and end in his expul- 
sion. Upon the death of Clement in tho fol- 
lowing year, it is said (with what amount of 
truth authorities differ) that he declined the 
Panacy itself, though strongly nrged to accept 
it, in order to put an end to the dissension 
between tlie French and Italian Cardinals, 
which kept the choir of St. Peter vacant for 
more than two years. When at lost the Col- 
lege of Cardinals had delegated to six of Iheir 
number the power of filling up the vacancy, 
and these delegates, possibly by Bonaveutnra a 
advice, had elected Theobald, Archdeacon of 
Liege, under the title of Gregory 3L, the new 
Pope very soon after his election made Bona- 
veutnra a Cardinal, so sorely against the will 
of the latter, that lie fled to Puris in order to 
escape from the fresh responsibilities that such 
a position involved, and was only induced to 
return for investiture by the positive orders of 
the Pope to that effect, when bo reached 
Borne, having received his cardinal's hat on 
the way, lis was (1273) consecrated Bishop 
of Alba, one of tho six suffragans of Borne. 

Ho did not long enjoy his new honours. In 
1274 Gregory X. assembled a great Oecumeni- 
cal Council at Lyons, at which 500 bishops, 
70 abbots, and at least 1000 dignified clergy 
were present. The two leading churchmen 
of the age, Thomas Aquinas and Bonaventura, 
were summoned to attend, tho former to die on 
his road thither, the latter before its proceedings 
closed, in which he bad taken part. Bona- 
ventura was taken ill on July Gib, and d. on 
July I4Hi, 1274. He was buried in the Con- 



BOND, ALE8SIK 

vent of the Minorites at Lyons in the presence 
of the Pope and nil the Council. 

"Whoa vt turn from tbe facts of Bonaventura'e life 
to discuss bis literary qualities and achievements, the 
same remark forces itself upon us, that hu to be made 
about ao many of the great mediaeval writers, whose 
compositions consist both of prose and poetry, vis., 
that the former very far outweigh tbe latter in quantity, 
as well as in importance. His contributions to Latin 
hymnology are few and far between ; and,tbougb generally 
good, are scarcely. *ltb one exception, in the ftont rank 
of such compositions. Of his style, at a hymn-writer, 
Archbishop Trench, who Is not given' to exaggerated 
praise, says, "His Latin poetry is good, but does not call 
for any especial criticism 1p CSucnxTZftfc Poetry, p. 14s); 
while Dean MLlman places Lis u Hymn to the Cross " ss 
only Interior in melody to the "SUbst Mater" of 
Jacopone 4a Todi, and the M Dies Irne" of Thomas of 
Cetano. But, Indeed, beyond tbe beautiful " Beoordare 
sanctae crncla," It is more than doubtful what hymns 
can be certainly attributed to Bonaventnra. Titnuh 
gives us in his 8at. LaU Poetry two othera, very beauti- 
ful In their very different styles, "Quam despectus, 
quam dejectua," and 'Quantum hamum carltas tibi 
praesentovit," both of which he extracts from what is 
tbe best edition of our author's collected worta, Bma- 
vtntwrM Onp, Lugdurd, leas. It ts, however, by no 
means certain that either was really his work. Baniet 
gives us only the H Recorders Sanctae Crucis " ss cer- 
tsinly written by Donaventnra, besides a hymn to the 
Virgin, founded on the "Te Deum." il. 2»3, com- 
mencing "Te htatrem Del Laudaxnue. Mow attributes 
to him also the ** In passhHM Domini, qua datur selus 
hominl" (q.v.1 and gives a "Plaoctua Uonaventarae 
de Chrlsto, beginning "0 Crux, frutex salvlaaua," 
which, however, be aaya la net Included in the poems 
of Bonaventura as given in his collected works (i. itu) ; 
a version of a hymn by him on tbe "Grown of Mary " 
(il. in,u "Cffldum Oompassioitfe" on the Blessed 
Virgin (il. 139), and a long « Psalter of the Virgin " (li. 
133), which, however, Irmcadoubts his having written. 
Ah edition published by a Dominican editor In tbe 13th 
century, of fit. Bernard's "Oratlo ad Christum m 
erucem pendentem," accordiiw to Mow, attributes part 
of It, "Salve, salve, Jesu pie, to Bonaventura and not 
to Bernard, and calls it "Oraltoues Bonaveuturae," sic. 
This " statement of tbe editor," Jftws adds. " Is not to 
be overlooked.' 1 Several of his hymns were in use in 
public worship, and the continual copying of them by 
different hands, which tbisinvolvtd, has rendered It very 
difficult, if not impossible, to ascertain always their cor- 
rect texts. Very few have been translated into English. 

[D. S. W.] 

Bond, Aleeeie. panssett, A.] 

Bonn, Hermann (or Gude), son of Arnold 
Gude, Councillor at Quakenbntck newt Oena- 
briick, was b. at Qnukenbruck about 150*. 
He matriculated at Wittenberg in 1523, and 
after studying under Luther and Melanehthon, 
he was for some time employed as a tutor. 
In 1330 he was appointed Hector of the newly 
founded St Mary's School, in Lubeck;and in 
1531, Superintendent of Lfibeck. In 1513 at 
the request of the burgesses of Osnabriick he 
proceeded thither, and in the conns of that 
year as the result of his work the principality 
was won to tbe onuseof tbe Reformation. He 
d. at Liibeck, Fob. 12, 1518 (Koeh, i. 428-136; 
AUg, DeuUtke Biog., iii. 133). 

As a hymn-writer his work consisted mainly of revi- 
sions of the older Latin hymns, and trt. of some of 
them and of a few High German hymns Into Low 
Herman. His hymns appeared as BUike aefcftw GtittUkt 
ffoaige appended to the Magdeburg a. B., 1M2-43. Tbe 
only one tr. into English is : — 

wit armea Sander [Pan <« Bedmption]. First 
pub. 1543 sa above in ass. of a 1„ and thence In Wacker* 
naffO, iii. p. Tse. It begins " Och wy armen sunders ! 
unse mlssedodt," and first appeared in Btgh German Is 
the Magdeburg Q. B., 168s. Based on the old Judas 
hymn, c law, "O du armer Judas." 3V. ss "We 
wratcheitBlnnarlspure" IntbeffudV.ondewdifBoKofes 
(ed. isol-es. folio is),ed. lees, p. si. (Z) "'Twas our 
great tranngresslon," in the O&iiKan iScowtitwr. Bos- 
ton;, U.S., Sept. 1SBD [J, MJ 



BOSCHENSTEIN, JOHANN 163 

Bornsohiirer, Johannes, b. Nov. 5, 
1625, at Schnmjkaiden. After studyingat tU 
Universities of Marburg, Jena, Erfurt, and 
Strossburg he became, in 1650, pastor at Brot- 
terode in Hesse Cassol, 1657 at Steinbaoh- 
Hallenberg, 1661 diaoonua at Schmalkalden, 
and in 1670 decan in tho town of Tann, 
where ho d. Dec. 5, 1 677 (Koch, iii. 430 ; Alia. 
Deutsche Biog., iii. 176). To the hymn-book 
which he edited for use in Tnnn, pub. at 
Qei$tliehe Lieder su Vbung chrUtlieher QotU 
teeligJceii, at Meiningcn, 1676, ho contributed 
five hj-rnns, one of which is : — 

Gott Vatoif, here unssr Bitt [Buly Hapttm}. This 
prayer to the Holy Trinity for a blessing on the child, 
appeared as No. s of the Baptismal Hys. in IBIS, sa 
above, p. 43a, In 4 st. of S 1. In the l«e, X. &., 1861, 
No. J80. The only Ir. In C. V. is "O God the Father ! 
hear our prayer," n good and full lr. by A. T. Russell, 
Nos. 154, 165. In his jCt.ttlfyt., 1851, No. Is; beginning 
"OThou most Holy Triidtv," being a tr. of Et. iv. 

[J. M.] 

Borthwiek, Jane, daughter of Jnmoa 
Borthwiok, mannger of the North liriljah 
Insurance Office, Edinburgh, was b. April D, 
1813, at Edinburgh, where alio ttill resides. 
Along with her sister Surah (b. Nov. 26, 1823 ; 
wife of the Rev. Eric John Findlater, of Loch- 
earn head, Perthshire, who d. May 2, 1886) she 
translated from the German ^ntns from the 
Land of Luther, let Scries, 1851; 2nd, 1855; 
3rd, 1858; 4th, 18G2. A complete ed. was 
pub. in 1862, by W. P. Kennedy, Edinburgh, 
of which a reprint was issued by Nelson & 
Sons, 1884. 

These translations, which represent relatively a lafger 
proportion of hymns for the Christian Life, and a smaller 
for the Christian Yearthanone finds in Miss Winkworth, 
have attained a snetefie aa translations, and an acceptance 
in hymnals only second to Miss Winkworth'e. Since 
Kennedy's Jfsmno. Cbritt^ 1663, in England, and Ihe 
Andover SabitaOt R, aft., 1868, in America, mode several 
selections therefrom, hardly a hymnal in England or 
America has appeared without containing some of these 
translations. Miss Bortbwiclt has kindly enabled us 
throughout tills Dictionary to distinguish between the 
SltranslatlotisbjfherselfandthsiabybersBiter. Among 
the most popular of Miss Jforthwlck's may be named 
" Jesus BtUt lead on," and " How blessed from the bands 
of sin :" and of Mrs. Findlater's " God colling yet I " and 
"Rejoice, all ye believers." 

Under the signature of S. L. L. Mjbb 
Borthwiek has alto written various prose 
works, and hns contributed many translations 
and original poems to the Family Tretuuru, 
a number of which were colleeted trad pub. in 
1857, its Thought* for Thoughtful Hour* (3rd 
ed., enlarged, 1867). She also contributed 
several trs. to Dr. Pagenstreber's Coll., 1864, 
five of which are included in the nuw cd. of 
the H. L. I„ 18S4, pp. £56-264. Of her origi- 
nal hymns the best known are "■ Come, labour 
on" and "Best, weary soul." In 1S75 she 

Sob. a selection of poems translated fiom Heta 
[eUBSer-Schweizer, under the title of Alpine 
LvrUt, which wore incorporated in the 188* 
ed. of the H. L. L. She d. in 1897. [J. M.J 

Borthwiek, Robert Brown. [Brown* 
Borthwiok, B,] 

Borthwiok, Sarah. [Borthwiok, J,] 

B&schenBtera, Joharm, s. of Hranrich 

Bosohenstein, a native of Stein on the Shine, 
was b. at Esfllingen, Wiirtlemberg, in 1472. 
After taking Holy Orders as a priest he be- 
came, in 1505, tntot of Hebrew at Ingolstadt 
Leaving this in 1511 he went to Augsbtug, 



164 



BOSWELL, BOBERT 



where, in the same year, he pub, el Hebrew 
Grammar, and in ISIS, by the recoramenda- 
tion of Heuchlin, was invited as tutor of Greek 
and Hebrew to Wittenberg, where ho liad 
Melanchthon as a pupil. In 1510 he went to 
Nlirnberg; 1521 to Heidelberg; and in 1522 
to Antwerp. After a short stay in Zurich, 
where lie taught Hebrew to Zwingli, he 
settled, in 1 523, at Augsburg, where he Eecnnio 
by royal license teacher of Hebrew, and wheTe 
he d. 1539. (Koch, i. 219-221, ii. 469-471; 
Ailg. Deutsche Bioq., iii. 134-186, the latter 
stating tliat he resided at Niirnberg in 1525, 
aud then wont to Niirdlingen, and d. tliero in 
great poverty 1540.) Koch quotes 4 of bis 
hymns, the best being: — 

Da Jtstu an dan Krone ttnnd. [PauionNfa.] 
Waokentag&, 11. p. HWl, Rives two forms, the Bret in 
at- of o If 4 * Do Iheaus 4ii dem creatze Btttuttd";, from 
an undated leaflet, c. IMS, the Sod from M. Vehe's O-B. 
1(37. It has been, but Waebtrnagtl thinks erroneously, 
called a tr. ftom the Latin of Feter Bokixtue (" Stabat 
id llgnnni crude "). Kehrcin, in bis Xirchtn- utut 
nUgifot tfe&er. Faderborn, 1863, p. 1»8, quotes it from 
a piper as., which be dates xvth cent. Tbe first form 
1> No. 73 in Poret's G. B., ed. 185*. The later vereion 
of the Seven Words on tlie Cress, " Dj Jeans an des 
Krenses Stamm" (q. v.), has nnpersedcd It in most 
modern hymn-books. Tr. as "When Jesus on the 
Cross was found," No. 386 in pt. 11. of tbe Moravian 
H. Bk., 1J4B. In 1T8» It was rewritten ns " When 
Jesus bung upon tbe Cross." [J. Mr} 

BoewelL Bobert, b. I71(i, in Ayrshire. 
He received a classical education, and was an 
excellent Hebrew scholar. For some time lie 
was a writer to the Signet in Edinburgh, Ho 
joined the followers of John Glas, a dissenting 
minister from the Church of Scotland, and was 
chosen to be leading elder of the Glasaito 
congregation at Edinburgh. Whilst highly 
appreciating the Scottish Version of the Psalms, 
he thought it to be susceptible of improvement, 
and pub. a revised version in 1784 as The 
Psalm* in Metre from the Original. In 1786 
a 2nd ed. appeared with the new title The 
British Psalter. [See Soottxah Hymiiody, § Till, 8.] 
He d. suddenly whilst preaching in Loudon, 
Sunday, April let, 1804. 

Boswell, Bobert Bruce, was grandson 
of the Bobert Boswell nbove named. He was 
a clergyman of the Church of England, and 
was for some years Incumbent of St. James's 
Church, Calcutta. He was compiler and 
editor of a book of Pealms <£ Hymns, pub. 
anonymously, in 1838, and printed at tbe 
Church Mission Press, Calcutta. In this work 
were about 50 Psalm Versions of his oivn 
composition. These have fallen out of use. 

Botham, Mary. [Hawitt, S.] 

Bottome, I\, s.t.d., was b. in Derbyshire, 
England, May 26, 1823. In 1850, having re- 
moved to America, lie entered tbe ministry of 
the Methodist Episcopalian Church : and in 
1872 he received the degree of b,t,j>. from 
Dickinson's College, Carlisle, Peun. In addi- 
tion to assisting in the compilation of B. P. 
Smith's Gospel Hymn*, London, 1872: Cen- 
tenary Singer, 1869; Hound Lake, 1872, he 
has written : — 

1. Oome, Holy Ghost, all stored fir*. Invocation 
of foe Holy spirit. Appeared in R. P. Smith's Gomel 
Svmnt, 1872. It la In several collections, Including the 
Ohio H.Bk.of Ms Btxmg. Auooiatton, 18S1, No. »M. 

fl. Full aalvation, full salvation. Joy of fail Sal- 
vation. Written in 1S11, and pub. In a collection by 



Dr. Cnllla of Boston, 1813. 
1881, No. J8*. 



Also in the Ohio if. Bk., 



BOUBNE, G. H. 

3. Low «f Jwo*, all divine, uae of Jans. 
Written In 1873; and pub. In Us Hound Lakt, Kti. It 
Is in several collections. 

4. O bliss of the purified, bliss of the free, 
Sanctiftcation. Written in 1889, and pub. in the Xari- 
valitt, and numerous hymn-books In America, Including 
tbe Oblo B. Bk. as above, 1881, No. 417, &c. 

HU hymns, "Sweet rest in Jesus"; and 
" Oneness in Jesus," are also found in several 

collections for evangelistic services. [J. J.] 

Bound upon the accursed tree. E, 

H. Milman. [Good Friday.'] This popular 
hymn appeared in Bp. Hsber's posthumous 
Hymns, &c., 1827, p. 62, as tbe first of three 
hymns for Good Friday, in 4 st. of 10 I., bat 
omitted, curiously enough, from Dr. Milman's 
own P», & Hy«* 1837. One of the first, if not 
the first, to Tbring it into regular congrega- 
tional usa was Elliott, who gave it in bis P*, 
A Hys., 1835. From that date it gradually 
grew in popular favour until its use has 
become extensive, both in G. Britain and in 
America. In the Meth. B. 8. H. Bk„ 1879, it is 
in 3 st. of 8 ). This was a special revision for 
that collection. Orig. test in Lyra SHU, 1867, 
p. 404 ; and Sehafi's Christ m Song, 1870, p. 163. 

Bourdillon, Mary* nee CotteriH, 
daughter of tbe Rev. Joseph Cotterill, some 
time Bector of Blakeney. Norfolk, b. at Amp- 
ton, Suffolk, Aug. 30, 1819, married to E, D. 
Bourdillon, and d. at Dresden, Feb. 19, 1870. 
Her principal poetical work was A Mother'* 
Hymn* for her Children, 1849, 2nd ed. 1832, 
containing 21 pieces. Of these the following 
are in C. U. : — 

1. Above tbe dear blue sky, Beyond, to. Praiie. 

3. Blessed. Jesus, irilt Thou hear us? CiSd't Prayer. 
£. drachms Savionr, from on high. Holy Baptism. 

4. Jesus, we thank Tbee for Thy day. Sunday. 

5. LambofGod, who came from heaven. Chrtot the 
Jgmstpfa. 

fl. There was a lovely Garden once, Eden, 

These hymns are characterized by great 
simplicity and directness of aim, and are most 
suitable for children. 

Bourignon, Antoinette, wus b. at Lisle 
in 1610. From a very early period she was 
under the influence of religion, which took, in 
course of time, a mystical turn. Undertaking 
the work of a religious reformer, Bhe visited 
Franoe, Holland, England, and Scotland ; and 
published several works dealing with The 
Testimony of Truth ; The Renovation of ike 
Gospel Spirit, &c. Hot enthusiasm, peculiarity 
of views, and disregard of all sects raised on 
the one hand zealous persecutors, and on the 
other warm adherents. At her death at 
Franeker, in Friesland, Oct. 30, 1680, she left 
a large number of followers, especially in 
Scotland and France. Her works were pub. 
in 19 vols, nt Amsterdam, 1686. She is known 
to hymnology through her hymn, "Yenez 
Jesus, men salataire " (q.v.). 

Bourne, George Hugh, D.O.L., son of 
Bev, B. B. Bourne, born at St Paul's Cray, 
Kent, 8th Nov. 1840, and educated at Eton, 
and C. C. C, Oxford, graduating B.A., 1803; 
B.C.L., 1866; and d.o.l. 1871. Taking Holy 
Orders in 1863, he became Curate of Sandford- 
on-Thames, 1863. He was afterwards Head 
Master of Chardstock Coll., and is now (1886) 
Warden of the same school, which has been 
transferred to St. Edmund's, Salisbury. Dr. 
Bourne has written the following hymns :— 



BOUBNE, HUGH 

1. Biuh ilMtming aught btfcie us. General, 
Written in Switzerland in 1861, and puh. in Lyra 
Mnsiantea, 1864, p. 17, in 10 st. of 4 1, and 
repeated in the App. to the S. P. C. K. P». & 
ffys., 1869, in an abbreviated form. 

1. Christ, flu king *f human life. H. Matri- 
mony. A hymn on Holy Matrimony, written in 
18S7 fir the marriage of Dr. A. B. Webb, Bp. of 
Bloemfontein, and included in the S. P. C K, 
Appx. to the Pa, ^ ffys., 1869, and thence into 
CAwcft JJymiWt 1871. 

S. Of the wondrous Body, my tango* lie tailing. 
A translation of " Fange lingua, glories! corporis," 
q.v., contributed to Lyra Euciaristica, 2nd ed., 
1864. Dr. Bonne has also written seven Post- 
Communion hymns for use in the Chapel of St. 
Edmund's College, Salisbury. These hymns have 
not been published. [J. J.] 

Bonnie, Hugh, tbe principnl founder of 
the Primitive Methodist Society, anil tho editor 
of their first hymn-books, was b. at For&hays, 
Stoke-on-Trent, April 3, 1772. Hia father, 
Joseph Bourne, a person in humble circum- 
stances, wu a member of the Church of 
England, whilst bis motlier belonged to the 
Wesleyau Society. His education, for hie cir- 
cumstances, was fairly good; and l>y earnest 
application lo study ho acquired some know- 
ledge of Hebrew, Greek, and Lalin. His mind 
wub of a strongly devotional cost, and the 
Methodist movement of those days had such 
attractions for him that lie joined himself 
thereto in 1709. The following year he wont to 
reside near the Mow Cop Colliery, near Burs- 
Irm, where he had secured an engagement 
There, with two or three men of kindred spirit, 
ho carried on a system of Prayer Meetings 
which culminated in a great Camp Meeting, 
after the American fashion, upon the Mow Cop 
Mountain, on Sunday, May Slat, 1807. Other 
camp meetings followed, but were condemned 
by the Wesleyan Conference litter in the same 
year. Hugh Bourne, however, continued his 
evangelistic work in connection with the 
Wesltynn Society until Juno 27, 1808, when 
he wbb excommunicated, without notice or 
trial, by the Quarterly Meeting held at Buralim 
on thtit day. Subsequent acts of coolness and 
indifference an tliepartofllm Wcsloyan imthori- 
ties, together with contiuuedsnec^ssin his evan- 
gelistic work, led liim gradually to organize 
the Primitive Methodist Connexion. The de- 
cisive breiik occurred in 1810, From that 
date to hia death, on tho 11th Oct., 185'2, 
Boume gave himself to the work of extending 
and building up the Society of which he was 
practically the founder. Ho was the first 
editor of its magazine, and the first to com- 
pile a hymnal for its use. 

Hugh Bourne's first effort in hyninology was the pub. 
of a very email General Collection of Hymn* and 
Spiritual S/mgtfor Camp iltetingt, Kevivalt, <*e., 1S08. 
This was enlarges ami improved in ISIS, 1S30, mi, 1823, 
and again in law. To these editions fae contributed 10 
hymns. In 1828 a second collection was uddrd by him to 



BOTJBNE, W. BT. H. 



165 



tlie foregoing, to which he contrlbutodunotheraiibyniits. 

" * gibs Large Hymn Book, for the I'tefff the Primitive 

MeOodiiti. From tbe Rat colleciion one hymn only Is 



still retained InC. IX.: — " Camp-meetings with success 
are crown\i," altered to " Camp-meeMngs God lias 
yichly own'd," also rewritten by J. Flesher as, "Tills 
meeting with Thy presence crown." in the authorised 
hymnal of tbe Connexion ; and from the second collec- 
tion two hymns as follows i — 

1. O Righteous Father, Lord of all. .Prayer for 
Children. 

3. We hare a great High Prteet, //. P. of Chrtit. 



To the Large Bj/m* Seek 1« hymns were also eea- 
trtbnted which bore tbe signatures sometimes of " H. B. 
AW.S." and again "W.S.*H.B." in a note we are 
Intbrmed that the hymns wttb these ascriptions wen 
Iw "HughBoumeandWm.SandersJointiy." Ofthese 
the following are at present tn the authorised Primitive 
Xethoditt Hymn Book, 1853, and, in common with ] 



of the hymns in that book, an greatly mutilated, and 
attributed now to Win. Sanders and again to H. Bourne, 
without any apparent reason :— 

l. A Pharisee unwisely stood. Lent. 

3. Almighty God, of love divine. Praise. 

3. Assist us, O Almighty Lord. Jftltfons. 

4. Come, let us lift our heart and vokie. Chriitmai 
o. Come, with your sore diseases. Invitation. 

t. Encouraged by Thy gracious word. Prayer. 



1. Gnat Jehovah, Sovereign Lord. Prayer. 

B. Hars^theGospelnewelssoundiug. Invitation. 

9. Jesus, my Lord, was crocMed. Pauicntide. 
10. Jesus, Whospilt His preclousblood. The Allocate. 
it. Led try the God of troth and grace. Stektn g Heaven. 

12. Light of the Gentile race. Million*. 

13. Sly brethren in tbe Lord. Altered to — 

Ye foUVere of the Lord. Baithfnlnen. 
U. My soul is now united, Ac. Altered to — 

By faith I am united. Union with. Omit. 
15. Now, Lord, 1 on Tby troth depend. Atteredto— 

Lord, I on Thy truth depend. Divine Aid 
IS. Now, Lord, Tby blessing we implore. D, Bletting. 
If, O, heavenly Zfoo, rise and shine. Altered to— 

Arise, 2ion, rise, tx. Jtittiont. 
IS. See, in the mountain of theLord. Million*. 
is. Tho' in a world of sickness. Altered to— 

While in this world of sickness. Confidence, 
M. To Thee, preat Source of light. ConjidtiKe. 

21. To Thee, God of power divine. Ooodnest «/ Gad. 

22. We now are Journeying [going] to the place. 

Heavenward. 

23. We read in Thy most holy word. H. Baptism. 

24. Ye eleeplug souls, arise. Exhortation, 

In addition to these, all of which ate eiven tn lbs 
otBclal Collection of the Primitive Uethodltt Society, 
there is also : — 

as. Welcome, O Saviour, to my heart. Prayer— 
which ie well known to the American hymnals. 

From a literary point of view these hymns 
are not worthy or the position which has been 
accorded tothemibrEOmimvyenrs. Their sim- 
plicity is their redeeming feature. [J. J.} 

Bourne, William St. Hill, b. in I84G, 
and educated at Merchant Taylors' School, 
and the London College of Divinity, Taking 
Huly Orders in 18C9 he became successively 
Curate of Holy Trinity, Derby; Harrow-on- 
tho-Hill ; St. Paul's, St. Leonards-on-Pea ; 
Ashford, Kent; in 1875, Viear of Pinner, 
Middlesex; and in 1880, Vicnr of All Saints, 
Haggersfcoue. Author of Poems in various 
periodicals; Chur,h Work and the Working 
Claties, puh. in Church Bells, 1875, Ac. In 
1879 ho becaim 1 editor of The Jtft'ssion Field, 
for the S. P. G. As n hymn- writer he is 
known through the following hymns ; — 

1. Ghildren'a voloea atrive not vainly. Sunday 
School Anniversary. Written in 1B6B. 

i. Christ, Who once among us. Tlie Good Shep- 
herd. Written in 18CS, and 1st pnb, ni the nvised 
H.A.AM., lata. 

1. Enter with thanksgiving. Pncettimal for 
Dedication Service. Written In 1BB0 for the reopening 
of the Parish Church of Pinner, and pub., with music, 
by Skernngton k Sun, 

ft. For the freshness of the moraiur. Praitefor 
all thinge. Written in lies, first printed on a broad- 
sheet, and then included in The Vnivtrtal S. Bk. y 1SS5. 

0. In the Vnme ef Ood the Father, tn Whose 
Image we are made. Purity. Written in 188S for 
the Church Purity Society, printed In The Vanguard, 
Dec. 1B85, and in tbe White froa ffumnal, lass. 

6. The evening shadowy dlmneaa- Evening. 
Written in less, printed on a broad-sheet, and again Tn 
The Univtrttd II. M., I BBS. 

1. The Bower went ierth sowing, Harvett or 
Burial. Written in ISM for Harvest Festival at Christ 



166 



BOWDLEb, JOHN 



(.'hnrcb, South Aebfbrd. Kent; printed in (harch Beits 
the same year, and Included iu H. A. A M., 1B7&. It ti 
sometlmea need u a Funeral hymn. 

ft. Through the feeble twilight, Easter hymn for 
ffhureh Workers. Written in 18*4 for the Additional 
Curates Sodety's Borne Missieni iYrid, and printed 
therein, April 1SS4. 

Mr. Bourne has also printed several hymns 
on fly-sheets for special occasions. Some of 
these are worthy of the attention of hymnal 
compilers, [J. J.] 

Bowdler, John, b. in London, Feb. 4, 
1783, and educated at the Sevenoaks Grammar 
School, and Winchester. In 1807 he was 
called to the Bur, but ill-health necessitated 
Ilia residence abroad for a short time. On his 
return he resumed the duties of his profession. 
His weakness, however, increased, and gradu- 
ally sinking, he d. Feb. ], 1815. He was a 
pei'son of more than usual parts, and gained 
the friendship of Maeauluy, Wilberforce, and 
other men of eminence. In 1816 his Select 
Pieces tit Verse and Prose, were pub. by his 
lather with a brief Memoir, Lond., Q. David- 
son. The two vols, contain essays, reviews, 
poetical pieces, versions of 4 Psalms, and 6 
hymns. Of his hymns and Psalm versions 
nearly all are in C. U. The best of these are, 
"As panting in the sultry beam;" "Children 
of God, who pacing flow ; " and " Lord, before 
Thy throne we bend." The rest include : — 

1. Beyond the dark *nd atermy hound. Jlcavm. 
This [s a part of his hymn on the Sabbath, The ori- 
ginal begins "When God from dust created man," 1$ 
in 10 et. of 1 , and d&ted 1812. 

£. Children of Dad, who paolng- [faint and] alow. 
Encouragement. 

ft. Lord, before Thy throne we band. ps. cvt. 3. 

4. Ood, my heart within me faints. Ps. xlii. 

S t Sing to the Lord with cheerful voice. Praise. 
Entitled "Thaukfuine&s," and d&ted "Jan. lfeM." 

0, To heaven I lift mine eyea. /'* czri. 

[J- JJ 

Bowed with the guilt of Bin, O God. 

If. Afford, [ifnf.] Contributed to his Year 
of Praise, 1867, in l> st. of +. 1., and appointed 
for tlio 7th Sun. after Trinity. It is more 
suitable to Lent. In the Musical cd. of the 
Year of Praise it is dutod 18UG. 

Bowles, Caroline Ann. [Southey, o. A.] 

Bowly, Mary, [Peters, K.] 

Bowling, Sir John, Lr,.n.. a distin- 
guished man of letters, was b. at Exeter, Oct. 
17, 1792. His studies extended to philology, 
poetry, polities, and other branches of learning, 
whilst as editor of the Westminster lieviev! 
for some yeaifl (ho received the appointment 
in 1825) he did consider iblc work as a reviewer. 
Ho held several official appointments under 
the Government as Commissioner to Fran -c 
on commercial matters (1831-5); British 
Consul at Hong-Kong (181W) ; and Governor 
of Hong-Kong (J1854). lie was twice Member 
of Parliament, and was knighted in 1851. 
He d. Nov. 23rd, 1872. His published works are 
very numerous, and display an astonishing 
acquaintance with various languages. Tho?c 
specially bearing on p:ietry include: — 

(1) Russian Anthology, with Biographicat and Criti- 
cal noticet of th£ Poets of Russia, 1821 ; (2) Specimens 
o/ the Jtussian Potts, 1S23 ; (3) Ancient Poetry and 
Romance of Spate, 1824; (4) Batavian Anthology, or 
Specimens of Dutch Poets, 18SM ; (S) Servian Popular 



BOWEING, SIB JOHN 

Poetry, 1827; (6) Specimens of Polish foett, 1837~; (!) 
Poetry of the Magyars, lsso; (8) JHttory qf the Poeti- 
cal Literature of Bohemia, issu, &c. 

In addition to these works, which ore mainly 
translation*, Sir John Howling wrote original 
verse. This was pnb. interspersed with a few 
translations, as follows: — 

(1) Matins and Vespers with Hymns and Cccisionat 
Dcwtioxal Pieces, Lund., 132? ; 2nd ed., enlarged, 18Mi 
3rd ed., agiin enlarged, 1S41 ; and the 4th, FtHl further 
enlarged, in 1B61. (2)ITymns ,' as a Sequel to the Mating, 
1825. In addition he contributed to a Tew Unitarian 
hymnals, especially that of the Rev, J. R. Beard of Man- 
chester, 1B37. latitat CbU. many of the hymns added to 
the 3rd cd. ^f Matins, £c, 1841, were first pub, A selec- 
tion from these, together with a biographical sketch, was 
pub. by Judy Bawrtng in 1S73, cs a Memorial Volume 
of Sacred Poetry. This worlc contains hymns from the 
Matint and Vespers, together with other? from Periodi- 
cals, and from his Mas. 

Of his hymns a veiy large percentage have 
come into C. TJ. A few nave been adopted 
by almost ail denominations, as, " God is love, 
His mercy brightens"; "How sweetly flow'd 
the gospel sound " ; "In the Cross of Christ 
I glory " ; *' Watchman, tell us of the night " ; 
and others, but the greater portion are con- 
fined to the Unitarian collections of G. Brit, 
and America, of which denomination he was 
amember. In addition to the more important, 
which are annotated under tlicir first Hnea, 
there are also the following in C. U. : — 

1. Clay to olay, and dust to dual, Bitrial From 
his Hymns, 1825, into the //. 4' Tunc lik., Huston, 
U.S., 1868, &c. 

8. Corns the rioh, and come the poor. Divine 
Worship. Contributed to Beard's Coll., 1837, 
No. 290, and repeated in Bowring's Matins, fcc, 
3rd ed. 1841. It is in a few American collections. 

S. Snip the limpid waters now. Jiuty Baptism. 
From Matins and Vespers, 3rd ed. T 1841, into 
Kennedy, 1863. 

1, Earth's transitory thing* deeay. 'The Manor*) 
of ihv Just. From his Hymns, 1825, into Beard, 
1837; the American Pit/mouth Co//., 1855; and 
the Songs for the Sanctuary, X.TT., 1805, &c. 

$. Father, glorify Thy nude. The Father ylorU 
fed. Also from Hymns, 1825, into Beard, 1837 ; 
the Hys. vftlie Spirit, Boston, U.S., 1864, &c 

0. Father and Friend, Thy light, Thy love, 0W1- 
niprcscnee. From Matins and Vespers, 2nd ed., 
1824, iuto several collections, and sometimes in 
an abbreviated form. 

T. Father of Spirits, homely bent before Thee. 
Also iu Hymns, 1825, and Dr, Itfai'tineau's 
H. of P. 4- Prayer, 1873. In Longfellow nnd 
Johnson's Hys. of the Spirit, Boston, U.S., 1864, 
it is given as, " Father of Spirits, gathered now 
before Tbee." 

B. From all evil, all temptation, Preservation 
implored. Contributed to Beard's Coll., 1837. 

9. From the noeeaea nf a lowly epirit. I'rayer 
of trust. From Matins and Vespers, lsted., 1823, 
into several American collections, 

10. (lather up, earth, thy dead. Pub. in his 
Matins 4 Vespers, 3rd cd., 18+1, in 3 st. of 8 1.; 
and repeated, slightly altered, in Kennedy, 18Ii:i, 
No. 753. 

11. Gently the shadei of night dssoend, Even- 
ing. A cento from his poem on " Sunday 
Evening," in the Matins, &c, 1st ed,, 1823, 
p. 6. it is given in the Boston Hys. of the 
Spirit, 1864; the Boston //, ^ Tune Bk., 1868, 
and other collections. 



vows 

lft. Hot dmik, hew desolate. Hope, lit pub. 
In his ATatitw, Ire., 1823, p. 246. In Dr. Mar- 
tiueau's #. o/ P. <y Prayer, 1873, It U No. 515. 

10! Hair shall tb praise Thee, XArd of Light f 

£ctnffl>;. A cento from the same poem a» No. 7 
above. It Ugiveni«the//^(. of the Spirit, 1864, 
and other American collections. 

14. Leal ni with Thy gentle away. Z>irtn(i 
ffuiiiitice desired. Hymns, 1825, into l/jin. c/ 
Me Spirit, 1864, and others. 

15. Xoru, ia heaven, TJiy dweUing-puwo, Praise, 
Contributed to Beard's (hit., 1837, No. 70, re- 
peated in the author's Matins, &c, 3rd ed. 1841, 
p. 235, and given in a tew American collections. 
In the Hys, of the Spirit, 1864, it is altered to 
"Lord of every time and place." 

16. let my [thy] tremMin* aool be stilL Ee- 
signation. From the 1st ed. of the Matin?, kc, 
1823, p. 251, in 3 st. of 6 1., into Beard's Coll., 
1837; thc.ifys. of the Spirit, 1864, and others. 
It is sometimes given as, " let thy," &c. 

17. 0. tweet it ii to ieel and know. Monday 
Morning. A poem in 16 st. of 4 1., given in his 
Matins, &e„ 1823, p. 60. In 1837 st. i.-iii. 
were given in Beai'd'a Colt, as No. 448, and en- 
titled " God near in sorrow." In the 3rd ed. 
of the Matins, kc, 1841, this cento was re- 
peated (p. 245), with the same title, notwith- 
standing the full poem was in the same book. 

IS. On the doit I'm deemed, to ileep. Resurrec- 
tion. Appeared in his Matins, Ajc, 1st ed., 1823, 
p. 252, in 2 St. of 8 1. In the 2nd ed., 1824, 
p. 232, it was altered to " In the dust," Asc. 
This was repeated in 1341. In some hymnals 
it reads ; — 

19. The heavenly inheres to Thee, God. Even- 
ing. This "Hymn to the Deity " appeared in 
the 2nd ed. of his Matins, &c, 1824, pp. 235-8, 
in 4 st. of 4 double lines. It is also in the 3rd 
ed., 1841 ; the Boston Hys. of the Spirit, 1864 
ami other American collections. 

ID. When before Thy throne we kneel. Divine 
Worship. From his Hymns, 1825, into Beard's 
Coll., 1837, No. 93 ; the Boston 11. .J- l\ine Bh., 
1868, No. 21, and others. 

«, There ii thy (ting, dead I Death. Also 
from the Hymns, 1625, into the same collec- 
tions as No. 20 above. 

It will be noted tbat Beard's CM., 1837, is 
frequently named above. The full title of 
that hymnal is — 

A Collection of Hymnt for Public and Private War. 
ifcip. Compiled by John R. Bsard, Lond., Jobn Green, 

The Rev. John Belly Beard was an Unita- 
rian Minuter in Manchester, nnd the collection 
is dedicated "To the Manchester Meeting of 
Ministers." It contained a large number of 
original bymns. Bowring contributed 82, of 
which 33 were published therein for the first 
time. Some of his hynma RTe of great merit, 
and moat of them are characterised by great 
earnestness and deep devotion. [J. J.] 

Boyee. Twenty-one hymns appeared 
under this signature in "Williams and Bodon's 
Coil, of above Six Hundred Hymns, &c, 1801. 
[Bodoa, J.J The writer is sometimes de- 
scribed as " Samuel Boyce " ; but nothing defi- 
nite is known to us concerning htm. Ofthese 
hymns the following are in O. U. : — 

1. All ball, redeeming Lord. Christ the Day-Spring. 



BOYD, ZACHARY 



167 



S. Grace, how melodious Is the eound. Fu&ntu Df 
Grace. 

a. Great Sovereign Lord, what human eye. HarzctL 

i. O tiie transcendent Love. Chritt the Sinner's 
Friend. 

5. Ye trembling captives, heir. Tie Go^el Trumpet. 

Boyd, Robert, m.a. [Bodiut, S<jbertv»\, 
eldest a. of James Boyd, of Troehrig, Ayrshire, 
and Archbishop of Glasgow, was b. at Glasgow 
in 1578. He studied tit the University of 
Edinburgh, graduating m.a. in 1595. In 1597 
he went to France, and lived principally at 
Tours till 1599, when he became Professor of 
Philosophy at Montauban. In lG04he became 
Pastor at Verteuil. In 1606 he. went to Saumur 
aa pastor, and in 1608, became Professor of 
Theology there. Leaving Saumur in 1614, In 
IBIS he became Principal and Professor of 
Theology in the University of Glasgow, but 
resigned his appointments in 1621, and retired 
to his estate at Troehrig. Iu 1622 he was 
elected Principal of the University of Edin- 
burgh, but had to resign at once by the King's 
command. In 1626 he was for a few weeks 
minister of Paisley, but had again to resign. 
He d. at Edinburgh Jan. 5, 1627. He was 
more celebrated as a theologian than as a 
poet. His principal poem is in Latin, and 
entitled Heeatomhe Ghrittiam. [See Ohristo 
lanotamm.] [J. M.J 

Boyd, Zachary, m.a., was b. near Kilmar- 
nock in 1585. He entered the University of 
Glasgow in 1601, and two years later wont to 
Si Andrews, where ho graduated m.a. in 
1607. He then went to Saumur in France, 
where he became Second Kegent in 1611. 
Reluming to Scotland in 1621, he become iu 
1623 minister of the Barony Parish, Glas- 
gow. He was thrice elected Dean of Faculty, 
twice Vice Chancellor, and thrice Rector, of 
the University of Glasgow. In that Univer- 
sity he took great interest, and to it he 
bequeathed, by his will, in 1652, almost alt 
his property, including a large mass of poeti- 
cal and other manuscripts. He d. at Glas- . 
gow in March or April, 1659. 

The 3rd edition of hts version of Tht Ptatmes of David 
in MecUr (which according to hie preface to the 1649 ed, 
was suggested to blm by the General Assembly, in 1*44) 
wan pub. At Glasgow, In IBIS, and was, with that of 164s, 
largely used bj the Committee who compiled the £tocfi*fc 
['taller of l$SU. InlS44bepub,atClesgow, TheGardtnof 
Zion, in 2 vols. ; vol. i. containing metrical histories of the 
most important godly and wltited Scripture characters : 
and vol. ii. metrical versions of the Books of Job, Pro- 
verbs. Ecclesiosfee, and tbe Song of Songs. To tbese were 
added (with a separate tttlepage, dated 1S45, but paged 
consecutively) The Holy Stmgt of tte Old and JV«e Tbtta- 
ment, 5 of which had been embodied In the text of the 
1st volume. He revised these Sonas; added thereto 
"David's Lament over Saul and Jonathan," printed 
them at the end of ths 3rd edition of hie realma, in 
1S46. As 1 here given tbey include a new version of the 
Song of Songs, IS Old Testament and 3 New Testament 
Songs. In IS (7 he was requested by tbe General Assembly 
to prepare versions of the Scriptunl Songs, and In accord- 
ance with that request he again revised his versions, and 
reprinted them, with the addition of a version of the La- 
mentations, George Buchanan's Latin morning hymn, 
and an original morning hymn to Christ (the finest 
verses be ever wrote) at the end of the 1648 edition of 
his Ptalmet. 

His other principal poetical works are foil's 
Flower* ^4 poems from which were pub. in 1 855, 
by Gabriel Neil) and The English Acadetiiie, 
still in ms. in the Glasgow University Library, 
Boyd's versions are generally distinguished 
rather by faithfulness than elegance. His 
version of Job seems to have suggested Nos. 24 



im 



BOYDEN, HENRY 



(No. C in 1781) and 39 (No. 4 in 1781) in the 
Trans, and Paraphrases, 1745. (See Scottish 
Tnu. and Fanphruei, and the note on '< How 
Btill and peaceful is the graTe.") [J. M.] 

Boyden, Henry, b.a., is the author of 

Song* for the Household, Sacwd and Secular 
(Birmingham, E Child, 1866), and many ex- 
cellent hymns, printed on ily-sheeti, for the 
use of hie congregation on anniveriary occa- 
sions at St. David's, Birmingliam, some of 
which have been net to music By Dr. Belcher, 
Lond., Novello He Co. Mr. Boydon was b. at 
Birmingham in 1832, and is 'a graduate of 
Trinity Coll., Dublin, b.a, 1867. TnkingHoly 
Orders in 183G,hebas been successively Curate 
ofSt.Mary*s,Honley; St. Mary's, St. George's, 
and St. Luke's, Birmingham ; and since 1866 
Vicar of St. David's, Birmingham, 

Boye, Wieolaue, was b. at Wesslensbiim, 
orWeslingmiren, in Holstein, where he became 
on Evangelical Preucher.nnd where ho d. 1512. 
(Koch, I 418; ii. 478; Altg. Deutsche Biog., 
fli. 85.) The only hymn known as his is :-— 

O Gott, wir dsnksn deiae? Gitti [Grace after 
Jteat.] 1st pub. in I.ow German In the Giystlike later 
ton Fsalmen, Alagdeburg, 1MJ, and In High (terinan ia 
theBonnC7}.,l!iG4. Both formsare In K'ackcrnagel,i\\. 
■p. SOI, In 3 st. of 1 1. It was translated as " We thank 
the God, of thy gudnes," in tbe Gude and Goaty Baliates 
(ed. 1W7-88, folio 11), ed, lass, p. IS. [J. M.] 

Boyse, Joseph, was b. at Leeds in 16tj0, 
received a good education, and in 1683 be- 
came a Presbyterian minister in Dublin, a 
position he maintained with honour anil use- 
fulness until his death in 1728. Hie prase 
works, chiefly sermnns nnd controversial 
treatises, wore collected an<I published by him- 
self in two large folios, London, 17*28. Ho 
was the author of two collections of hymns. 
Ihe first, printed in Dublin, in 1693 (small 
8vo) with itnother titlu-page (London, 1693, 
TTiomas Parkhurst, Cheapsido), is entitled us 
follows : — 

" Sacramental Hymns collected chiefly out of inch 
passages of the A'ev Testament as contain the mast suit- 
able matter of Itieine Praises in the celebration of the 
Lord's Supper. lb io/Uc& is added one hutun relating 
to Baptism and another to the Ministry, By J. Boyse, 
tsith some by other hands*" 

Those by "other hands" arc 3 in number, 
viss. one by O. Herbert, and two by Patrick. 
Of the remaining 21 by Boy Be himself, 18 arc 
for use nt the Lord's Supper. From the 
fact tliat in the hymn on Buptitm immersion 
is the only mode recognized, it is pretty pertain 
that the author was Baptist in sentiment, 
though Presbyterian iu ecclesiastical position. 
The other collection by Boyse was printed 
at Dublin in 1691. It contains 76 hymns, in 
three parts, with music, end is entitled : — 

Family Hymns for Morning ofid Evening Worship, 
with some for the Lnd's days . . . All taken out of the 
Fsalms of David. A copy Is in tbe Antrim Presbytery 
Library at Queen's College, Belfast. 

Boyse's hymns are interesting from their 
early date, but have no merit as poetry. The 
hymn " Come pay the worship God requires " 
(Divine Iforsftrp), in Martineau's Humns, 1840, 
No. 42, is by this author. [W. R. S.] 

Braokenbury, Eobert Carr, of an old 

Lincolnshire family, was b. at Pantou House, 
In that county, in 1752. He entered into re- 
sidence at St. Catherine's Hall, Cambridge. 



BRAMMALL, J. H. 

but joining the Weslcys, he left _ without 
taking a degree, and became a minister of 
the Methodist denomination. In that capa- 
city he visited Guernsey, Jersey and Holland. 
He retired from active work in 1789, and <Lnt 
his residence, Baithby Hall, near Spilsby, 
Aug. 11, 1818. 

Hi* works include :-— fl) Sacred Poems, in 3 parlt, 
Lond., 1)97 ( (i) Select Hymns, int parts, Lond., i>*°; 
(31 Sacred Poetry ; or Kymm m the Principal Histories 
itfihe (Ad and Aew Jestamentt and on alt the Parables, 
Lond,, 1 soo, and some prose publications. Heatsoedited 
iiid altered William Craden's Divine Hymns, k.d. The 
hymn, H Come, children, 'Us Jesus* command," was 
given in J. Benton's Bys. for chOdrtn, ISM. Jt doss 
not appear tn any of Bracfcenbury'a works. Hrs.Smltb, 
daughter of Dr. Adam Chute, bus Included several in- 
cidents in his life in her Kaithby Halt. 

Bradberry, David, a Congregational 
minister, b. at Reeth Richmond, Yorkshire, 
Nov. 12, 1735. At 23 he entered the Mile 
End Acadoiny as a student for the Congrega- 
tional Ministry, and subsequently became 
pastor of a congregation at Alnwick (17C2) ; 
Wellingborough (1764); Humsgato (1767); 
Manchester (1787) ; and Konnington, London 
(1797> He d. Jan. 13, 1803. 

In 170* he pub. TeteUstai i the Final Close, a poem on 
the Judgment ; and also contribnfced to A Supp, to the 
Version of the Psalms and Hymns of Dr. Watts, partly 
Galleettd, tUtered, or transformed* in proper, peculiar, or 
broken metres, Manchester, C. IVJieeler, 17S7 (Preface 
dated, Fob. 27. nil.) Of the « hymns in tills Hupp., 
11 ar.< by Bradberry, He ia beat known hy his h) r mii for 
children, " Now let each heart [our hearts] conspire to 
raise " (Sunday Schools) in tbe Wet. Reform II. Bk t , 
No. 787, and others. It Is the third of four hymns for 
children at the end of the Supp, 17a7. In it* altered 
form Qf "Now let our hearts conspire co raise," it was 
given in Rippon's Sel. 1737, No. S2J, 

Bradford, John, b.a., b. 1750, and edu- 
cated at Wadboin College, Oxfoi-d. He was 
for some time " Minister of the Gospel in Bir- 
mingham." Ho removed to Urub Street Cha- 
pel, London, in 1797, where ho continued to 
preach till his death on July 16, 1SD5. 

In 1793 he pub, A Collection of Hymns, l,oud., hfathews, 
and others. It contained 2r$o bymne, some of wliicb 
wer« his own. This collection was avowedly Antivo- 
mian. Very sevr of these hymns are in C. U. 



Brady, Nioliolaa. 

S xm. 4.] 



[Psalters, English, 



Brainard, Jolm Gardiner Calkins, 

b. at New IiOndon, Connecticut, 17J) j, and d. 
at Hartford, in 1828. He was educated at 
Yale College, mid for some time pitictised law 
ut Middlcton, Connecticut. He also edited a 
paper lit Hartford. His Poems nppenrod in 
1825, I832,aud 1812. Tue hymn by whiuhheis 
best known :— ** To Thee, O God, the Shepherd 
Kings," was pub, in the Congregational Pi. 
and Hyt. for Christian toe and Worship, pre~ 
pared, <te,, by ihe CfeTteral Afiociittittn of Con- 
necticut, 1845, No. 645, in 6 st. of 4 1., and 
headed " An agricultural hymn." [F. M. B.] 

Brammall, John Holland, nephew of 
John Holland, the biographer of Montgomery 
and author of the British PealmUtt, wa$ b. at 
Sheffield. Dec. 21, 1831, and educated at the 
Collegiate School of that town. Although 
engaged in banking, he has found time for 
l»th hymn-writing and raasic. Most of his 
hymns and some of his tunes were written for 
the Sheffield Wesleyan Sunday School Union. 
Of tbe former, "Onward, children, onward, 



BBANDENBTJBG-CULMBAOH 

leave the path* of sin," is best known. It was 
written for the Wei. S. S. Union of Sheffield 
in 1870, and 1st printed on their Whitsuntide 
fly-sheet of that year. It has been frequently 
need at similar gatherings of children. In 
1879 it was given anonymously in the -Sfetft. 
8. B. H. Bk., No. 283. 

Brandenburg-Culmbach, Margrave 
ot [Albmht] 

Brandenburg, Electress oC 



BBE1THAUPT, J. J. 



■] 



[Lain 



Brawn, Mary Ann, dan. of the Bev. 
Samuel Brawn, for 51 years pastor of the 
Baptist Chapel, Loughtou, Essex, wai b. at 
the Heads, Loughton, Aug. 15, 1828. She 
was descended on the mother's side from the 
martyr Thomas Hawkes, who wad burned at 
the stake in 1555, at Cosgeshull, Esses. 
Prom 1848 to 1875 Miss Brawn was engaged 
in edncntional work. Her poetical pieces ore 
few in number, and chitily on devotional 
subjects. They were first printed on fly-sheets 
for uso in her father's chapel and elsewhere. 
They include : — 

1. Sod if Glory, at Thy feet. ChOdren'i Prayer. 
Written, San. 30, 186? , and pub. In Oongreve'a Goat o/ 
Song, No. Itia. 

I. Father, we are very weak, OiUdren'i Prayer. 
Tliis Is the best known of Mies Brown's hymns It is Id 
Mtth. 3, S, It. Bk., 181S, anil several other collections for 
children. 

1. Thou Whs art la every pJase. Lent. 

4. O'er Bio's tempestuous «•- Jh'vute Guidance. 

Of these, Nos. 3, ** were given in Ifre ifcjRttttie Wor- 
tMjwr, IBM, a volume of prayers and hymns edited by 
the Kev. Samuel Rreen. [J. J.] 

Bread of Heaven, on Thee I [we] 
feed. J. Gonder. {Holy Communion.] This 
hymn takes rank as the most popular and 
widely used of the author's productions. It 
appeared in his Star of the East, Ate., 1824, 
p. 57, in the following form ; — 

"For the Eucharist. 

w Ism the living bread which came down from heaven 
. . . Whoso eatetli my Scab, end drinketh my ulvod, 
liatli eternal 1 fc. ... I am the true vine."— John vi. 
&l-t, xv. 1. 

" Vine of Heev'n : thy blood 

supplies 
Tills blest cup of sacrifice. 
'Tie thy wouihlg my heating 

give: 
To thy Cross I look, and 

live. 
Thou my life I oh, let me 

be 
Rooted, grafted, bnilt on 

Thee," 



"Breadof Koav'n! on Thee 
I feed, 

For thy flesh Is meat In- 
deed. 

Ever may my sout be fed 

With this trne and living 
bread; 

Day by day with strength 
supplied, 

Through the life of mm 
who died. 



This text was repeated in Conder's Cong. 
H. Bk., 1836, and his Hgmnt of Praiee, 
&&, 185G, p. r'6. It is in several Noncon- 
formist hyinusils, but sometimes, as in the 
Bap. Pi. and H>., 1853, No. 725, with " The 
blest" for "This blest cu]i," in st. it., 1, 2. 
In Pratt's Pi. <t Hyi„ 1829, No. 69. it was 
broken up into 3 St. of 4 1., and given as 
"Bread of heaven, on Thee we feed"; and 
this was repealed in some later collections. 
The most popular and widely used form of the 
hymn is the following, which was given in 
in tbe Cooke and Denton Church Hymnal, 
1853, No. 202, as follows :— 



169 

Thy 



"Vine of heaven! 

Blood supplies 
This blest cup of Sacrifice ; 
Lard, Thy wounds our 

healing give ; 
To Thy Cross «m look and 

live: 
Jem ! may we ever be 
Orafted, roofed, built fo 

Thee. Amen." 



» Bread of heaven, on Thee 
we feed, 

Fbr Thy Flesh Is meat in- 
deed; 

Ever may nr uuU be fed 

With this true sad living 
Bread; 

Day by day with strength 
supplied 

Through the lire of Him 
Who died. 

Great popularity was given to this text by 
its adoption by H. A. and Jtf. in 1861, and 
Mibsequently by ether important Church of 
England collections. In Turing's Ceil., 1882, 
there is a slight return to the original. It 
will be noted that in the revised tost there 
is no change of doctrine involved. Both in 
it, and in the original, tbe same truth is set 
forth; but the revised text is the more con- 
gregational and musical of the two. The 
American hymnals, in common with those of 
G. Britain, have adopted both 1exts, the re- 
vised being mainly found in the Protestant 
Episcopal collections, A Lalin nnikringof 
the H. A. and Jtf. text by the Rev. C. B. 
Pearson as : " Pasee nos. Divine Panis," was 
given in Biggs s Annotated If. A. and Jtf., 
1867. [J. J.] 

Bread of the 'world in mercy broken. 
Bp. B. Heber. {Holy Contntttnion.] 1st pub. 
in his posthumous Hymn*, &c, 1827. p. 143, in 
2 st. of 4 1., and headed " Before the Saoro- 
ment*' Its use has become most extensive in 
all English-speaking countries. Orig. text in 
Thring's CM., No. 529. In the Iditra iV. Ek^ 
1836, the opening line was allered to " Bread 
of our life in meroy broken," but this reading 
has fallen out of use. 

Breay, John George, b. in 1736, and 
d. Dec. 5, 1889. Ordained Deacon in 1819 and 
Priest in 1S20, he became Vicar of Hadden- 
ham, 1827, and of Christ Church, Birming- 
ham, 1832. Ho was also Prebendary of Lich- 
field. His SvL of Pi. & Hymns was pub. at 
Birmingham, 1836. To it he contributed the 
following hymns: — 

1, A small and feeble band. IMy Baptism. 

2. Almighty God, apply. Ctinfimuitum. 

3, Almighty Saviour, bow Thine ear. Charity Eithtttili. 

4. Come, gracious Saviour, from above. /ftiZjr itoptimt. 
&. O God, accept our early praise. After Sermon. 

6. O Clod, tbe feeble sinner's friend. tvnfirmatiim. 

7. Saviour, bless Thy word to all. A/Ur Sermon. 

8. There Is beyond this world of night. Charity 
Schools. 

Tbe beat known of these is No. 4. Hts 
Memoir was pub. in 1841. [W. T. B.] 

Breithaupt, Joachim Justus, s. of 
Christian Breithaupt, Superintendent of the 
district of Hchenstadt or Honstedt, Hannover, 
was b. at Nordheim, in Hannover, Feb., 1658. 
After a theological course at Helmstadt he 
became, in 1680, Conrector of the Gymnasium 
at Wolfenbiltti I, but left in 1681, and, after 
being Professor of Homiletics in Kiel, was ap- 
point d, in 1685, Court preacher and member of 
the Consistory at Meitvingen. In 1687 he 
became Pastor and Professor of Theology at 
Erfnr t, receiving in t lie same year the degree of 
d.s. from the University of Kiel. Driven from 
Kiel by the Pietistie Controversy, he was un- 
pointed in 1601 pastor of the Cathedral Church, 
and dean of the Theological Faculty, at Halle; 
and in 1705, in addition, General Superinten- 
dent of the Duchy of Magdeburg. lu 1708 



170 



BRENNKNDE LIEB 



iio became Abt of KIoster-Bcrgcu and In- 
spector of the Saalkreis. He d, at Kloster- 
Beigen, March 16, 1732 (Koeh, ir. 331-312; 
AUg. Deutsche Bfog., iii. 291-292 ; Bode, p. 49). 
Of his 4 (5?) hymns one has passed into 
English : — 

Jesus Chrirta*, Gottes Lamm. [PaufrmtidV.] 
Founded on Romans vill. 8-11. 1st In the Cfetorc&fcf 
ff. B., Halle, 16SJ, p. 5«, in 6 St. The trt. are— (1) 
"Christ, th' eternal Lutob of ttod," by J. C. Jacobl, IMS, 
p. 13 (1132, p. Be), repeated as Ho. 631 In pt. i. of tlie 
Moravians. Bk., 1164, (a) "Jems Christ, the Lamb 
of God," In Q. Moultrie's H. and Lyrics, 186 J, j>. 6(. 

Brermende Lieb du siisae Flamm, 

[Thanksgiving.'] Included in Waclternagel, iv. 
p. 1072, in 5 st of 8 1., from a xvi. cent. MS. at 
Munich, in which it begins " BrQnninde lieb, 
du sfiesser Flam." In the Vns. L. 8, 1851, it 
is No. 554. It is tr. as " Thou burning Love, 
thou holy Flame," by Mite Winltitorth, 1869, 
p. 157. [J. M.] 

Brethren, let ua join to bless. J. Cen- 
iiick. [Prai'se.] Tliis is one of this writi 1'i 
most popular hymns. It appeared in his Sacred 
Hys. for the Children of God, Ac., 1742, in 
5 st. of i 1. Oue of the tirst to use it as a 
congregational hymn was G. Whitcfield. He 
included it in bis Coll., 1753, but with altera- 
tions. It wis repeated by M. Madan, in his 
Ft. and Hyt., 1760, No. 109, and others. Gra- 
dually its use extended until it became known 
in nil English speaking countries ; sometimes 
as in Wliitefield, and again in its original form, 
WhitefiehTs text can be distinguished by st. ii. 
which opens : — " Matter, see to Thee wo bow," 
wMlst the original reiids, " Sou of God, to Thee 
we bow." Orig, text in H. Comp., No. 512. 

Breton, Nicholas, secouil s. oi William 
Breton, of Red Cross Street, Cripplogate, Lon- 
don, probably b. about 1542-3. His father's 
will, proved in 1559, shows tlint nt his death, 
l.ia eldest son was still a boy, and that in the 
event of hij death, Nicholas was not to inherit 
until ho was 24. It appears (hat be resided 
for some time at Oriel College, Oxford. From 
1577 to 1626 ho issued pamphlet after pam- 
phlet in prose and verse. In 1876 these were 
collected as far as possible by the Iter. A . B. 
Grosnrt, and printed in two vols, in his Chert-' 
8ey Worthiet' Library. He d. probably in 
1626, being then about 83 years of age. As 
a sacred poet be is distinguished by melody 
and grace, and it has been only the want of a 
cheap edition of his works that Una prevented 
his takinghightr rank in public esteem. [See 
B*rlj Eng. Hymaedy, § VII.J 

Brettell, Jacob, s. of an Unitarian Minis- 
ter, b. at Gainsborough, April 10, 1793. In 
1814 he entered upon the pastorate of an Uni- 
tarian congregation at Cockey Moor (now 
Ainsworth), Bolton, Lancashire; and in 18MJ 
upon that of Rotherhnra, Yorkshire. The 
latter c'iflrge he held until 1859, when he re- 
tired from iictive work. He d. at Rotherham, 
Jitn. 12, 1862. In adiiition to minor pieces 
contributed to various newspapers, &e., he 
pub. : — 

(1) Tlie Country MMtler ; A Poem in/oar Cantos, 
v>UK other I'oems, Lond., laai; (2) Sketches /» Yerte 
/ram the ISUtot-ical Bouke of the old Ktsiament, Lond., 
ma. 

In 1837 Mr. Brettell contributed 16 hymna 
to Beord's Coll. With one or two exceptions, 



BREVIARIES 

these havefallen outof use The best known, 
but by no means the best hymn; is « The last 
full wain is on the road," Harret, given in 
Dr. Martineau's Hyt., 1873. Anotlier is, " He 
lived, as none but He has lived '* (Life of Jems). 
In compiling a volume of sacred poems there 
hymns, from their poetic character, might be 
consulted with advantage. [J. J.] 

Breviaries. 1 . The name Breviary is that 
by which the Office Book which contains the 
services of the Canonical Hours is known in 
the Western Church. A large number of such 
books bare been in use from time to time, 
each differing from the other in various par- 
ticulars, but all known by the same name. This 
Office Book is probably called a Breviarium, 
either from being a compendium of separate 
roluroes which in early days contained its 
various parts, or from the services in their 
present shape and length having been some- 
what abbreviated from their form in primitive 
times. 

2. Prior to the compilation of Breviaries, 
various books were in use in the daily offices, 
and from these the Soman and other Bre- 
viaries have boon compiled. They are (1) 
the Psalter; (2) the Scriptures ; (Sj the 
Sermologtts and the Homiliary, used respec- 
tively at the second and third nocturne on 
Sundays anil certain other days ; (4) the Pas- 
sionary or Passional; (5) tiie Antiphonary j 
(0) the Hymnal; (7) the Collectamwm, or Ora- 
tianale; and (8) the Martyrnloyy. 

3. From these materials an enormous variety 
of Breviaries lias been built up ; some of them 
generically different from the Soman, such as 
the Horologt'on or Breviary of the Eastern 
Church ; the Ambrotian Breviary of the Church 
of Milan ; and tho Mozarabie Breviary of the 
Church of Spain; otheis being merely varia- 
tions or offshoots of the Soman Breviary. The 
religious orders had their separate Uses, fol- 
lowing the Benedictine or Monastic arrange- 
ment of the realms, as distinct from the 
Gregorian or secular arrangement. Separate 
Provinces, and single Dioceses, had their own 
Uses ; so that the Mediaeval Hrevinriesof Eng- 
lond, France, Germany, and other countries 
may be counted up by hundreds. 

4. As this work is hymnological, and not 
liturgical, and as tho liturgical contents of 
various Breviaries, especially that of Rome, 
have been treated fully in another place [see 
Diet, of Christian Antiquities, arts. Breviary ; 
Divine Office; Psalmody, Ac], it will only 
be necessary to name a few leading Brevia- 
ries, especially those which have bad tho 
greatest influence on the hymnodyof modern 
times. These aro ; — 

(1) The Moafcralue Breviary. This Breviary Is 
known in four forms, ^1) in wa. \ (2) as arranged and 
printed by Cardinal Xuncnea; (3) Archbishop Loren- 
xaua's revised edition of No. 2{ and (4) Migne's FMrol, 
ImI. torn. LxjekvL. Each of these baa a special hymno 
logical interest, and, combined, Ibey shed great light 
upon the question as to what hymns are and what are 
not truly Motarahio. 

(1) Of the ancient MS. Breviary there are copies in 
the British Munevta the press marks of which are "Add. 
HS5. J0S41-9." 

(2) Cardinal Ximenes' edition of this Breviary is 
known to us through an edition published at Toledo, 
lfioa, that Is, nftfen years before the Cardinal's dealh. 
It Is entitled, Breuiarium secundum reautam beati 
hyefdori. Jmpreistm in regali tiuitate Ihltti hdit, 
lu this edition there dTa about 314 hymns. Of these 11< 



BREVIARIES 

were Cram the Afrzarabic jfs& as noted below, and the 
rest were taken by Xlmene* from the AiRbrotian, the 
uW lto»an, and other sources* 

(3) The copy of Archbishop Lorenzana's revised edt- 
tionof the-flrctfiar^, which we h*vs been able toconsult, 
I»j tfremarium tfotfe&um JdcunduiA regulata beatit* 
tiati Itidori Arskiepitcopt BUpaUntts Jtism Cardinal** 
Fra/neisci Ximenii de CUnerot print cditim: nunc 
Qpcr& ezcmH D. FrandtdAntonitLoTentana SatictaeJEc- 
tUtiae JbZefrmae Bitpamarum Pritaatit Archxepi$oopi 
recopftftuin ad ttntm saulit Jtiotarabum* Motrin anno 
JtitCOLXXV. Apod Joathintun Ibarra 3, CV R< JK t* 
IHgnit . Archiep. Typog, Regio pemitttt. In this edition 
of the ifrfflrfary folios 1-450, which constitute the i?r£< 
flfory proper, an a reprint of Cardinal Xtmeues' edition 
of 1502. The .Aurora hymns, and those for the >ttttft 
throughout the Tear, and for Side and Dead, are also the 
same in both. In this ins edition of the ilrevtar^ there 
la added what is known as the Jftaarobfc Rymnaritm. 
This is a- body of Moxarahic hymns compiled from an* 
ctent Aotaraoic J£SS, r and printed with tbe readings and 
spellings of the Mat This was compiled after the pub- 
lication of the Toledo edition, i5oa,T>ut if added to the 
ifaetiary before this edition of WIS we cannot determine. 
This so-called Jlymnaritaa (the collected hymns are 
headed Inripiwntymni de toto circuit) anni) contains 98 
hymns printed in full, and 84 first lines of others which 
are given In full in their proper places in the Offices. 
These ITS hymns are the Old Jfoz&rabic hymns, and of 
these 110 were in the Xlmenea ed. t 1502, 

(4) In Migne'a Fatrvtoffia, tuna* 86, Lorenzan&'s ed, 
iff reprinted fa full. 

We may add that the Mmarabic Breviary (the ancient 
Use of the Spanish Church) which, apart from legendary 
accounta of an Apostolic origin, may be referred to 
St, Isidore, Archbishop of Seville (Mat) and hie brother 
Leander, aa its compilers, was abolished in favour of the 
Roman Bveviary t by Gregory VII. (107&-3A), but in 
deference to strong, national feeling its continued use 
was allowed in seven churches of Toledo, 

(0) The Ambroaian, Tkeorlginnl constructs of this 
Brevfary U attributed to St, Ambrose, Bishop of Milan 

The oldest copy of this Breviary which we have been 
able to consult is : Breuiariumiaxta inxtitvttonem, StU 
AiAhrtaij ArchiepiKopt incljfte ciaitatU MeduAani ac- 
emtUiuimt casUgatvm: at qitampturimii additioni- 
htu ardivt nana at facili perfwtittiiat resarcitujn, 
Vtnttiit. Apad HierffttifviitmSctHMiA, lSSfl. The hymns 
which are found in tliis edition are given in tho follow- 
Eng table as a 1 * This Breaiary was largely revised by 
J3L Cliarlcs tfurroineo (flSSl). The copy of this which 
we have collated is : Ityccianvn Ambrotianotn (Jaruli 
A". J<> A* (Xtrdittaliit lit. & FrGxtdit Archicpitcopi ittitsu 
rwt/gnitvin, atqw editt-tn . . * . , Jftd-uripnL Apud 1'vn- 
iios,*t Raemtiiitfvatrt*, m.dlxxxil The hymns added 
lb> this edition are marked in the following table as 
o?> In later editions several hymns have been again 
added, but as these hymns are in no sense Ambrosiaw, 
they do not appear as such In the table. This Bvwvary 
is in use in the diocese of Milan *t the present time. 
Wp. may add that in the following table the hymns com- 
mon to both tlicso editions of the Ambrosian Breviary 
are marked a. 

(3) The Boman. Tliis Prevliry ttas the growth of 
centuries. Si^ Jti-onie(ob.420%C.ssiiin(oh T 4^a) t lrfoI + 
(l\tpe 440-^1), and o'bers, lia^e been nnmctl us its com- 
Ttfl^rs and couipuscra. Itwasaworle, liow v> r ± of gra LuaI 
formaiion, and cannot be assigned to any tlngla pcr#m. 
The compter wort now known as the Hoaan Breviary 
assumed its present shape, muglily tpmking, undor 
Gregory VII. (10T3-1036), It has undergone four prlb- 
dpal revisions. In so saying we exclude the reforming 
Breviary lof Cardinal Quignon, the use of which was 
permitted for over tliirty years in tlje sixteenth century, 
from the pontlEicate of Paul III. to that of Pius v., 
1&3B-6*. ^ITie firtt of these four revisions toot place 
about Ibttt being mainly conducted by Zacharias Fcr- 
rerius, under dementi VII.; tlie«cmid was issued under 
Tlus V> in 156ft; the (A Sunder Clement VIII, in 1602 1 
the fourth in 1632, under Urban VIII. Since then fresh 
offices, with new hymns, have frooi time to time been 
added to the Breviary by decrees of the Congregation of 
Rites, and the incorporation in this way of new hymns 
into the Breviary is a process which will continue to go 
on* At present there areabout 158 hymns ir. the Human 
Breviaiy* of which about sixty have been added since 
the days of Urban VIII. The large majority are taken 
from ancient sources, and very many of them have been 
translated into English, and arc in common use ontskle 
the Church of Rome. 

Three /-'onum Breviarie* of the sixteenth, seventeenth 
and nineteenth centuries -hive been selected for use in 



BBEVIARIES 



171 



drawing np the following list of first lines of hymns, 
marked H, r*, r*, respectively* The first of them Is 
anterior to any of the above-mentioned reforms; the 
last includes all the most recent additions to the Breviary. 
The 1515 edition Is a lamo totum, rubricated, with 
many woodcuts, and according to colophon on the last 
page, printed, ** Venetils. I*er Jacobum pentium de 
Leucho." Then follows an Appendix from which four 
of the hymns marked (H) are taken ; via,, three for the 
Visitation of the B. V. M., one for St. Joseph. Besides 
thesa two office, the Appendix contains further offices, 
without special hymns lor the Conception of the B, V« 
M. ; Paul the first Hermit \ the Holy Trinity. The 
opening rubric of the Appendix runs thus, "Incipit 
offlcium imaculate concepuonts virglnLS marie edltum 
per reuerendum patrcm dominum leonardnmnocarolnni 
prothonotaiium apostolicum tertium ac sacrs theologie 
doctorem famoslssimum,' 1 

(4) The Samm. This Breviary was tn general use in 
Higland before the Reformation. Itwa*ftot,llke|he7fr-& 
and Hereford Breviaries, conhned to tbe LUocese from 
which it took its name, but It won Its way Into so nearly 
general acceptance, that it may be regarded os4 national 
rather than a diocesan Use, It was not only accepted! 
with the above-named and a few local exceptions, 
throughout England and Wales, but its use seems to 
have prevailed, probably with modifications, throughout 
Ireland, from the twelfth century onwards. In the same 
century it was Introduced Into Scotland, the Diocese of 
Glasgow receiving itc. 1 104, and other Dioceses following 
suit in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The jlber- 
deeti Breviary (q. v,^ represents an attempt made Just 
before the Reformation to supersede the Santa Bre- 
viary* and Walter Chepmau, the owner of the first 
printing press in Scotland, complained to the Privy 
Council that hts craft was Injured by the continued Im* 
nortation of tftrum Office Looks, and obtained an order 
from the Privy Council forbidding their introduction 
into Scotland for the future, 1509-10. 

The Samm Breviary does not bekmg to a distinct 
family of Office Itooks from the Jtoman, but must be 
classified aaan ofFshoot of the Boman stock. There are 
a large number of textual and verbal variations. The 
particular AntiplHUH, Benedictions, Lections, Respoo- 
sories, Hyiuns, Chapters, Preces, Verslcles, differ to a 
great extent especially at certain particular seasons. No 
two pages of the Human and Sarvm. Breviaries are pro- 
bably in these respects exactly alike. But Over and 
beyond these variations, there is a lesser but still a con- 
sidcT&ble number of structural and therefore more im- 
portant differences. Vfe subjoin a few specimens. The 
Absolutions which are prefixed to the Lessons in the 
different ^octurus In the RoiRan t are absent from the 
Sanaa. Breviary. The Rinnan Breviary provides one 
Invariable form of Compline, while tkeresxe no fewer than 
twenty-two varieties of Compline in the Sarum Rooks 
for the different eeasons of the ecclesiastical year. The 
fjarutfl. rule was to say the AthanasLan Creed daily at 
Prime, tlie i?oma« rule is to say it at Prime-on Sundays 
only* Ify the Sarum rule the fifty-first Psalm was used 
at all the Hours on week-days not in Eastertide, and 
excepting Noctunis* By the Roman rule it is said only 
at Lauds and Vespers in Lent and Advent, and on a lew 
fasting days. In this case, as in some other instances, 
the AiMin rubrics, which have remained undevised since 
the sixteenth century, represent the older and uni- 
formed Roman arrangement. In the same way some 
tldrty of the hymns which in the following list are 
marked as s and r 1 , are to bo accounted tor. They were 
recast, partly rewritten, in 1629, under Urban VIlL, and 
such an entry as, "Ad regies agnl dapes," t*, represents 
the revised first Hue of a hymn which previously com- 
menced with these words, **Ad coenam Agni provldl" 
(H. t. if,). The Paris ed. 1531 has fceen reprinted by the 
Cambridge University Press, Pt. i., June 1, 1S79 f Pt»iL 
\m3i Pt. tit 1&S7,- 

(A) The York. Thiaisanotherpre-IteformatiouvarL- 
ationof the Boman Bnuiartfi the use of which w&scon* 
fliifd chiefly, if not entirely, to the dtoceseof Yoik. It 
contjins many hymns in common with ttie Sttrvttt Bre- 
viary, hut yichls a llmitfd number not to be foucdj in 
any of the previously named books, A Venice ed. of 
this Brev,, dated 1493, has been reprinted by the Surtees 
Society, vol. L 1SSJ0; vol, ii. lUia, 

(fi) The Aherdeen. 11if & Breviary is one of tbe very 
few surviving Service Books of the pre-Refbrmatlon 
period of the Church in Scotland. It is substantially a 
tiaiitta Breviary, with certain necessary changes of 
wording, with a considerable amount of independent 
variation of text, and with the addition of a large num- 
ber of commemorations of local saints, ■ The Lections, 
Hymns, fe„ for these series form a most Important con- 



J 72 



BBEVIAEIE8 



tributton to the ancient bsglogtspby of Scotland. It 
wic compiled and edited by William EZphlftstone, 
Bishop of Aberdeen (14*3-1614). It wits printed at 
Edinburgh ty Walter Cbepmui, tbe Part hyemalit, in 
loaf 1 tba Fttrt ettivalit, fu I6ifl, It is thus tbe second 
earliest known printed boot In Scotland. The colopbon 
at tbe end Implies that it WW Bishop Elphinstone's hope 
that this Breviary would become tbe accepted Uie of tbe 
[whole of the] Scottish Church, but there is no evidence 
of Its having been accepted and used ontsLde the limits 
of the Diocese or Aberdeen. The offices of the Compas- 
sion of tbe B. V. M., and of tbe Crown of Jesus, are 
only found in the Appendix to tbe Glarnmes copy of this 
Breviary, They ere printed a* the close of t> Thing's 
Preface to the wbole Breviary, which wu published in 
facsimile In London in 1864. 

(T) Tho Pari*. Revised by Abp. Charles de Vlntl- 
mtlle in 173a. The hymns in this Breviary are mainly 
by the following writers :— Charles Coffin (M1MI4II); 
Charles Guiet (ctr.l«8t)i GniHanme dn Fleesis do Geste, 
Bp. of Ssiotes (—1109); Abbe" Besnault (fl. Ilzsl ; 
Claude de SanteQil (1S2S-I6S4) ( Jean-Bapttate de glu- 
teal! (1S30-1S97 - ) j Isaac Hubert, lip. of Vabree (— 168H) ; 
Deuys Petau p&s3~165x) ; Nicolas ie Tourncaux 
llS40-lssa); Jean Commlre(ie!»-1703); St. Ambrose 
(ctr. 84{^OT7) ; Ourd.Vio'-i Bernard ofClairvauxaosi-. 
UW) ; M. Ant Muret (1S2S-1684) ; Thomas of Aqutoo 
(12x7-1274) ; Prudentlns (MS-clr. 413) ; Fottunatue (clr. 
o30-cir. $09). These hymns have been made known to 
English readers through tbe trt. of Isaac Williams, John 
Chandler, and others. Thebymnsaddedtothls Breviary 
since 173* arc not noted In the following table. 

(8) Tho Hereford 1 , gee u of thie article. 

(B) Konaatio Breviaries. See ) 12 of this article. 

5. It will be observed that vo have selected 
for use the moat important Breviaries of the 
Church. As tho vstst number of Breviaries 
which exuit, especially on the Continent of 
Europe, rendered a collation of each a task 
beyond tho limits of this work, the mof>t impor- 
tant for hytnnolflgical purposes only are taken. 

6. As nil Breviaries have the nrrangeniout 
of their parts much in common, a description 
of the Roman Breviary will serve, except for 
technical purposes, as an illustration of all. 

It ia sometimes priuted as a single volume, someilmrs 
In two, more frequently in four pans, for the Winter, 
Spring, Summer, and Autumn quarters. Each part con- 
tains (1) The Kalend.tr with Bubries, and tbe Absolu- 
tions and Benediction* for use before tbe Ijectlons, (2) 
The Psalter or Psalms arranged for use on each d-iy of 
tbe week. (3) Tho Proper or tbe Season, containing 
tbe Chapters, Lessons, Hymns, Versifies, Responses, 
Antlnhona, Collects, for the Sundays and movable Rials 
and Festivals of Ihc Church's year. (4) The Proper of 
Saints, containing the above Chanters, 4c., for the im- 
movable Feasts, (o) The Common of .Saints, contain- 
ing Psalms with Antiphons, Lections, Ac, forfeit* of 
particular classes, Apostles, Martyrs, Evangelists, &c. 
(B) Offices fur the liedlcatlon of a Church ; fm revi- 
vals of the Blessed Virgin, with the lJule Ortlcc for 
tbe same ; the Office of tbe JJesd ; the Gradual and Peni- 
tential Psalms, with Litanies and various Collects, Bene- 
dictions, and other devotions, (7) A collection of special 
Offices which an not binding on the v. bole Chimb, but 
are only used in certain countries, &c, lo which a special 
supplement Is added of Offices belonging exclusively tu 
certain dioceses or religious orders. 

7. The arrangement of the Psalms, although 
interesting in itself, does not full within tho 
scope of this work. It ban been fully treated in 
the Did. of Christian AnliquUiQts, art. Psal- 
mody (q. v.). 

8. The Gantidts in use in the Soman 
Breviary (and this is illustrative of theii use 
in some other Breviaries) are as follows ;— 

Tbe Song of tbe Three Children. Ab ttnm.Dan.iii. 
6S-&il {Stpt wrtion), witn two verses added. Sunday at 
Lauds. 

The Song of Isaiah. It. xii. 1-6, Mond.iy at Lands. 

The Song of Heiefclab. It. sxzviii. 10-20. Tuesday 
at Lauds, 

Tbe Song of Hannah. \8am.ii. 1-10. Wednesday 
at Lauds. 

Tbe Song of Moaes. Kxoi. xv. 1-19. Thu. at Lauds. 

TheSongofHaboWtnk. mb.iii i-so. Fri.atLauda 



BREV1AEIBS 

The Song of Moses. Beat, xxxit. l-*3. Sat. at Lands, 
The Song of St. Mary. St. Luke, i. 4W&. Daily 

TheSongoTZathariaa. St. Lttke, i. M-78. Daily Lauds. 

The Song of Syjnoon. St, Luke, it. sa-sa. Daily 
Compline. 

The Song of SS. Ambrose and Augustine, [ft Aetna.] 
At tbe end of Matins on certain Sundays and Feasts. 

To the above list is generally added : 

Tho Creed of St. Athanasiua, Sunday at Prime (r.) ; 
Dally {«,«.}. 

Outer Canticles ate occasionally used In tbe French 
Breviaries. The Mourablc Breviary ie the moat varied 
In ita use of Canticles, containing no less than seventy- 
seven. (Migne, Patrol. Lat., torn. Ixxxvl. pp. 84*-8e«.) 

9. The Hymns in all tbe Breviaries are 
found in the "various services. In Borne coses 
they are derived from a common source, in 
others they are associated with one Breviary 
only, this being specially to in the case of the 
ancient Ambrosian and Mozarabia Breviaries, 
and of the rarit Breviary of 1736. The fol- 
lowing list of hymns from the most prominent 
Breviaries does not include Proses and Se- 
ntiences. The history of many of the hymns 
named, together with such trt ss have been 
mndo into English, will be found in this work 
under their original first lines. 

10. List or Hymns, This list has been 
compiled from the Ambrosian, llozarabic, 
Soman, Sarum, York, Aberdeen, anj Pari* 
Breviariet. The editions used are : — 

a 1 . Old Ambrosian Breviary, Venice, 15:19, but not 
in the revised edition. 

a*. Bevited Jjnhnutart ffrciJini-jr, Milan, 168:2, but 
not in the 1S3D edition. 

a. Hymns common to both. 

in*. Old Xotarabic Hymnt [see f 4 f 1) of tbis article] 
given in tbe Rj/mnavium printed with Lorenzaha's ed. 
nih of tbe Aoraraotc Brtv., but not found elsewhere 
in tbe Breviary. 

m 1 . Old Atotarabic ITynnt given In tbe flynmoriutn, 
and also found in XLmenea F ed. or the Mbt&rabio £m., 

1902. 

m*. Hrmns introduced into tbe Ifararabu: Brev,, 1502, 
from^moresioR. (Ad-Roman, and other sources. 

[With few exceptions these hymue are in Migne'a 
Patrol., Paris, 3862, torn IxxxvlJ. 

r 1 . Soman Bnvtory, before the first great revision of 
1636, Edition, Venice, 1616. 

r*. Bwum Breviary, after the 4th revision, 1032. 
Edition, Venice, 1636. 

r*. Roman Breviary. Modem. Edition, ToumayjlSfo, 

r. Ail tbo hymns which are ibund in all tho above 
editions of the Roman Brev. are marked r. 

t. sarvm Breviary. Reprint. Cambridge, 1S7S-BT, 

y. lork Breviary. Surtees Soc., Lturbsm, 13SO-S3. 

t. Ateraeen Breviary, Loudon 1B34. 

p. Parit Brtviary. Revised i'arls. 1736. 



First line of Hymn . 



A Deo missus Gabriel 
A Patre unigenlte . 
A Patre uuigenitus . 
A soils ortus caidinc 

Ad usque 
A soils ortus cordlne Et 

usqus (st. II. Dcatus) 
A soils ortus cardlne Et 

usque (at. II. Gaudcte) 
Ad brovem se mortis 
Ad coonam Agni providi 
Ad uuptlas Agni Pater . 
Ad prims verba virginis 
Ad reg^as Agni dopes . 
Ad sacrum cuius . , , 
Ad sanctos ctneres . . 
Ad templa nos rursus . 
Adam vetus quod . . 
Adest diei Christe , . 
Adeet dlee laetitiae . . 
Adest dies saocUsslma . 
Adest rnlranda passlo , 
Adeate coelitum cbori . 
Adeste sanctae con^uges 
Adeste saucti plurimo . 



Breviary. 



m*. 

(. y. i. 
m*,r.t.y. t. 



mi, 
«•. 
r 1 . s, y. 

P- 

P- 
i*. 
f. 
P- 
P. 
». 



ni. 
P- 
P- 
P 



Use. 



Annun. B. V. M. 
2nd Mon, in Adv. 
Fj)ipbany. 
Cbristmas. Ann, 
B. V, M. (ml. 



Sat. in Easter Wk. 
I^HV Sunday. 
O.ofHoly Women. 
Visit, of B V. M, 
Low Sunday. . 
C. of Matrons, 
St, Dionyslns. 
Sunday. Lauds, 
Christmas. 
Gonsec. of Bp. 
St. Ninian, 
SI. Nlcliolas 
St. VlncenL. 
Eastertide. 
C. of Holy Women 
Oct of AH Saints 



BBBVIABIBS 



BEBVIAEIE8 



173 



First line oT Hymn, 



m.» 

i. y. jr. 
mi. 
«', 
»'. 

I. £. 



!■■». 



ml. 



Adesto nostrls precious . 

Adesto plebs udisslma , 
Adesto saucta Tiinitia . 
Adsnnt, pupuli, festa . 
Adsunt puniceaflQscula 
Adsunt tenebrao prlmse 
Arstihuwit Hortulanum 
AetemaChrletlmunerai. a' 
Aeterna Chrlatl munera it a».ri, 
Aetema coelt gloria ♦ . r. s. y. 
Aeterne hide condltor ♦ m^, 

Aeterne rector stderum . r* 
Aeterne rerum oonditor. a.ffll.r.«./. 



Aeterne rex alttsslme * ml.r.f.y.s, 

Aeterm Fstrls ordine . t , 

Aeterni Patrla unlce. . y. 

Aeterni proles Patrls , m». 
Aeceroo regl giortac . , 

Agatbae sacrae vlrglnls . a. 

Agne sepulchruto est . »>, 
Agnes beatae virglnis 
Aral genltor I)omine 

[Dulgenn*, 1BMG. 
Agnostat omne seculuro 

Alesdteinunttus. ♦ . t\ i.~ jr, s. 

Alleluia pita edits . . mi. 
Aim* Redemptoris mator'a 1 . r>. jr. >.j>. 

Aim! propbetae proge- a, m*. 

nies 

Alttsslml verbum Patrls »t, 

Alto ex Olympt vertlce 

Amore ChriBtfiMblus . 

Andre* pie sanctorum - 1. y. * 

Angolan fandamentum r 1 . s.y.p.s 

Ann! peractodrctilo. . 

Annua Christe saecalo- (. jr. *, 

nun 

Autradesertl teneris . r.t.y. 

Apollinarie martyrio . a. 

ApoBtolorum passlo . . a. ml, 

Apostoiarnm sunparem . 0, 

Ardet Deo quae Rmina jj, 

Aspics lnfaml Delia . . r>, 

Aspice nt verbum Patrle r>. 

Athlett Chrlstl nobllla , r>. 

Auctor beate aaecull. , fl 

Auctor luminla Alius . m 1 

Aottorpereunlegtorlae. m* 
Aadl benlgne oondLtor . a^.r.j.y.p.e, 

Audhnuralmo Splritus. p. 

Audit tynnnus anxius . r*. 

Aurealaceetdecore. , ri, 1. y 

Aures ad nostras . 
Aurora caelum purpura! 
Aaron jam spargit po- at 1 

lorn 
Aurora lucla dam novae 
Aurora lucto rutltat , 
Adrora, latitat lads . 

Ave marls Stella . . . r. * , jr. p. 

Ave mater Anna. . . j. *. 
Ave reglna ooelorum . o*. r>. i.p.y. 



Barchlnon laetoCucufate 
Battbolomaee coeti sidua 
Beita notda gaudla 
Beate martyr, prosper* 
Beate pastor Petre - , 
Beate arroon e« Thadsee 
Bellator armla tocWtuB 
Benlgnltatti fins Sena 
Blua coeleatla aulae , 
He sovem noeWrpopulns 

Caeterl annqmnn nirt 
CamlaBtmaiiB munoMsm 
Castse parentis viscera 
fat«rva matrum « 
Cathartna nirabllie . 
(>Ttiim tenentee ordliiem 
ChdrnsdeifileUum magno 
Chnrms novae Hterqaalern 



BioTiary. 



Use. 



rl. 
t*. r. i. y. z. 

»Vy,»,i. 



M'.r.t.y.t, 
a, m». «. 

a. 



P. 
ri. 

t. *. 
mi. 

m>. 

mi. 

«'. 

t.JM 



Wed. after Oct.Kp, 
1st 8nn. in Lent. 
St. Agatha. 
Trinity Sunday. 
St. Hlppo^rtus. 
S3. JnaU&ttuflna 
first Watch. 
St. Mary megd. 
0. of an Apostle. 
C. of Martyrs. 
Friday. Lands. 
Friday after let R 

In Lent. 
Onardion Angels, 
llatuis (a), lstS. 

In Adv. (m), 

S. Lauds (r.l.i). 
Ascension 
Presentation of 

B. V. M. 
St, Mary M»gd, 
St. Bartnolomew. 
Crown of Jesus. 
St. Agattaa. 
St. Agnes. 
St. Agnes. 
Sun. before Epiph. 

CbrUtmas. 

Tuesday. Lands. 

let 8. In Lent. 

Ant. after Com- 
pline. 

DhoII. of St. Jobn 
Baptist. 

1st S. alter Oct. of 

Kplpi. fcSat.Lent, 

DwflotlonofaCh. 

St. Jobn Evang. 

St. Andrew. 

Dedication of a Cb. 

MrtbdayofaKlrig 

0. of Apostles. 

St. Joan llspt. 
St. Apolllnaris. 
S8. Peter 4 Paul. 
St. Lawrence. 
C. of Holy Women. 
Tbe Passion, 
The Lord's Prayer. 
St. Vsnantlus. 
The Sacred Heart. 
llnd S. in Lent. 
Seventh Hoar. 
I^ent. 

Whitaanoay. 
Holy Innocents. 
Vlg. of SS. Peter 

£ Paul. 
Sundays. Lent. 
Sunds. after Kaster 
Saturday. Lauds 

(do. In Lent, »). 
Eastertide. 
Baetertide, 
St. Colomba. 
Feasts of U.T.M. 
St, Anne. 
AntLphon after 

Compline, 
St. Cucufatns. 
St. Bartholomew. 
Pentecost. 
St. Vincent. 
SS. Peter k Paul. 
SS. Simon Jk Jude. 
St. Martin. 
1st day Jan. Fast. 
St. Jotm Apoet. 
St. Bngratla, 

Visit, of B.T.M. 
St, Joseph. 
OfB. vTm, 
lunoeente, 
St. Gatharme. 
Teree. 

St. Peter Martyr. 
Low Suuday. 



Pint line of Hymn. 



m>. 



Chriate eoeleetls med^ 
clnaPatrls 

Chriate cnoctorom. do- 
alioe 



Cbrlste cunctorum prae* 

ealam 
Chrlste decreto Patrta , 
Chrlste, Immense . , 
Chrlste, lumen per 

petunia 

Chriate, lux Lile vera . 
Chrlste, tax mundi salus 

Chrlste, pastorum caput 
Chrlste, precsmur an- 

nne 
Chrlste, prolapsl repara* 

tor 
Chrtste t qui lux es et . 
Chrlste, qui regis omnia 

Chriate qui rex es , . 
Chrlste qui sedesOlympo p. 
Chriete redemptor m . ri. m». t. y. 

Chrlste rederoptor (10 . rt.t.y.t. 
Chrlste, rex mundi . . m 1 . 
Chrlste salvator omnium m*. 

Chrlste sanctorum deous r.i.y, 



Chrlste, tn rerum . 
Chrlste, verus rex . 
Cbrlstl caterva clamitet 
Chrlatl cruentae splcn- 

dkU 
Chrlatl marry rrbusdeblta 
Chrlatl miles glorloeaa . 
Christ! miles pKtlosa* , 
Chrlatl perennea nuntil . 
Cbrlsto profuetun aan 

guiuem 
Chrlstus est virtus Palils 
Chrlstusest vitn venlen* 
Chrlstus tenebris ohsitam 
Wbla resumptls congniis 

Clamantls ecce vox . 
Clange lymm Zlcbkrlas 

Clan sanctorum una 
Claro paschall gaudio 
Clarum decus jejuoii. 
CUuBua aarlum meatoa 
Clenieutis festum • 
Clarl pa^rena et . . 
Cseleslis agni nuplias 

Coeleatls ales nnntlst 
Coelestls aula panditur 
Corlestis aulae prladpea 
Coeleslls lormam glorlae 
Oaeleatls urbs Jemailan 
Coelt dves applaudlto 

Coelt Deus aanctlsslme , 
CoelUum coosors . . 
Coelltum Joseph deetu 
Ooele dator qnlesoere 



»*. 
mi. 
mi. 
P- 



9- 

ul. 
mi. 



u. 

m<. 

ri. t. a 
». *. », 

«*. 

ml. 



P- 
]>■ 
P- 
s. r. 

r>. 



.r.l.y.I 

J". 



Coelo qtioe eadem gloria. p. 
Cselo reeeptam. plandlta p. 
Coelo redemplorpraetulit r*. 
Coelornni regl neaUlta . 

fhdlfliidfm^if Mattilir^nfl* 

Conewrita parlll J mum 

Condnat nostra conclo 

Conditor alxae aiderum . oS.r 1 -!^^. 

Copgaodentee cum an- m*. 

gelis 
Consora paternl lumloij. m*. n t$Jt. 
Coavexo solla orhita . . «■ 
Cor area legem ... *a. 
Horde natua ex parrntia , y. 
Corptu daman iehuills . r>, 
Creator alme ssderam r>. 

Crudella Herooes Demn 



Breviary. 






mi. 

ml. 



P- 
m>. 



, ml. *.y, 1. 



Use. 



Tb. after Oct. Ep. 

let B. fn Lent. 

For the sick. 
Ded. of EcelesU 

malar, 3rd Sun. 

in Oct. (a.1 
St.Biaan. 

Com. of Bishops. 
3rd S. In Lent. 
Tu. after Oct. Ep. 

„ rr 1st 8. la 

Lent. 
St. TJwothea. 
2nd Sun. alter (kt. 

Kp. . 
Com. of Bishops. 
Friday after 1st 

Son. In Lent, 
Hat. St. John 

Baptist. 
Lent Compline. 
Th. after 1st Sun, 

in Lent. 
St.Mlhlan. 
St. Michael. 
AU Saints. 
Christmas. 
Of the Dead. 
Mon, after Oct.En, 
33. Michael (r. 1. 

(\Gabriel(r.j), 

Kapbael (r). 
St, Cfemeat. 
St, Servandus, &w, 
let 8. Is Adv. 
Crown of Thorns. 

C. of Martyrs, 
St. Vincent. 

St. Vincent. 

C. of Evangelists. 

C. of Martyrs. 

St. Jerome. 
St. Stephen. 
Kprphany. 
Before CumpUne 

in Lent. 
Epiphany. 
(See "Paage lln- 
guaol Zacharle.") 
St. James Ap. , 
C. of Apostles. 
3rd Sun. la Lent. 
Th.ln Easter W It, 
St. Clement. 
SL Nicholas. 
St. Juliana r»l- 

conleri. 
Anaundution. 
C. of Virgins. 
C. of Apostle*. 
TniisAgnrathHi. 
IMfutlan of Ch. 
Augustine, Ep. at 

Conf. 
W.Veepers, 
St. OenoveGt, 
St, Joseph. 
St. Barnabas. 

All Saints. 
St-Genovefc. 
Maternity B.V.M. 
St. Mary Mag. 
St. M. Magd. 
3at.l»forB Adv.(di) 
St. Joau. 
St. Colomba. 
1st S. In Adv. 
St. CaUiarlna. 

Tuesday. Matins. 
None la Lent. 
Sacred Heart. 
Vign of Christmas 
St. John Cautlua, 
Advent. 
Epiphany, 



174 



BREVIARIES 



BREVIARIES 



First line of Hymn. 



Breviary, 



Use. 



Crux alma salvo crux * jp. 

Crux sola languorum Bel p. 

Cmx fidelis , * . . *. y. 

Cultor Del memento , ♦ M 1 - 1. jf. 

Cunctarnin rcrum omni- w*. 

JWfrllA 

Cnucturuui rex omnipo-j »** 

tens 
Cuoctus mundufl patule ■ m*. 
CuModes bumltium jpsiil- r*,ji, 

lliuus 

IJavldrs sobolcs, gloria * ji, 

Debilis ocwwmt elenni.ta p. 
labium mortl sobolem . p. 
liecora lu.x netetnitfttia . j-i, 

rtaus sacrati nomlnls . mi. 
Dei canamus glorwm . j». 
Deua aetornl iumiul* 
Deus creator omnium,^ w*.*- y, *■ 

poliquc 
J)eu« creator omnium* 

[ucIr 
Doug, fgnea fens anima 

rum 
Ifcuti, immensa Trlwtas 
ltouK,imiactiH 'mutton »i, 
Deun, Pater ingeuite . , *a*. 
Dour, qui eertia Irgtbus * m*, 
Deus, socrati oonimls ■ m | r 
IfeuH, sanctorum psalll- 

inus 
Dcus, tuorum mHltum Jajmt.r.&.y.s 



iHcamus laudes Dornlro 

Die riicrum prlncipe * p, 

Dignaa qutuu Dens tibi* ji* 

Divine crescobas puer . jr>* 
Doctor egregia J'aiile, . y-1. «. y . 

ttomare cordis Impetus * r», 

Dum- Chilste conflxus p, 

Dum morte victor ubruta ji. 

Dum nocte pUbJa. » . r>. 

Dum tparglt arum * ■ y* 

Krccjam noctis . . . r. j, y. *, 
Kcco parentos virgEnls * 

Eccc qucni vates vetustls m*, 

Ecce, aattautfe prctlum , j>. 

Ecce salvator omnium * mi, 

Ecce ■odes bio tonsutto . p. 
Ecce U t Christe* tlbl, . 

Ecce tempua Idonetun - 

Ecqqi* ardentcs rapfeur. p. 

Egrtgie doctor Paule * rs» 

Kmergit undis et Deo 

Kncaitttrttol.Ii.um , 

En, cUr* vox » * • , f*. 

En EvangelLatae adest « m>. 

Kit festum prodiit . . «*, 

Ea futura Annie * . 

En msrtyris Laurcnti! . m'. 

En, tit wiperb* * . * , r>* 

Enixa wt paerpen . . *, *, 

Etwne t Ac, jfee Aeterae. 

Enmoreaoctl » * .la*, r.i,y.*, 



ExquoHluflmortallunit jj, 

Kicift citnli pretltwus p, 

Kxito filial Mion * . . p. 

Exits Ston fillae . , . r> + 
Extlmum vwtls sacrau* 
Kiulta nimlum turba 
Exultemos concrepanteB 

Exnlfeet *ul& coeltc* , . «*. 
Exultet coelum Uodibns ri. r* y* * 4 

Exult** oorpf*6cwdli8 . 9. t, 

Exuhet liudi bos sActfct* r 1* 

ExuJtot orbfe gaudtie ra. 

Fac Chtlete, noetrl mtb ja. 

F*ndo quia uidlvltDel * p. 

F*v«ifl r«demtis vota 4 w*. 



.usepption of Chsb 
Invention of Crosa 
Invention of Cross 
l'towloii Sua, t*-#>- 
Ojinpllne (m). 
itt M011* in Adv, 

L^tSun. In Auv. 

^t, Thrnnu. 
LiuardtftTi Angela, 



Sat. of n. V. M. 
'JircUmcwioii. 
(kmcent.uf B. V,M* 

^s.retpr^r*ni. 

it, Andrew, 
Monday. Mdttiw. 
1'u. utt'.-r CM-. Kp* 
Ait. V?pT»- (*-y-^* 
w**) Vcpern {a) 
2tiil Sit* in L'_']ii. 

Office of tbo IK *d, 

&f * jasit man. 

of Coiifcrsor. 
IV, after Oct. Kp, 
dud Sun, in I/?nt. 
^■, Andrew, 
The Innocents. 

C. of a just man(m) 
of MartjH 

(a. r. $. y. a.) 
-Sejtt Lent, 
Sunday* Matins. 
Thursday* Lauds, 
Kpipliany, 
&. Paul, 
St* EJubetl- of 

Portuffal* 
Passlotitide* 
^tliilipfeJamea 
!5t, Veiaaiitlus. 
Oomp.ofU. V. M. 

Ldud^* 

Present of B*V.3I* 

Easter Monday. 
Derail, of St. John 

Baptist. 
2nd Hon. in Adv* 
Dedication of a Cli. 
Cunsecratlon of a 

Church* 
3rd & in Ijent* 
: t, Uarttn. 
Conv. of St. Paul. 

SS. Peter *b Paul, 
Oct. of Epipb. 
C, of VUtglo*. 
Advent* 
St. Luke* 
St. Buphemt*. 
Ooncept*ofB.V.M. 
St* Lawrence. 
Sacred Heart, 

B. V* M* 

Sun. Mating Lent, 
Sun. Vespen^Lcnt 

W 
C* of Martyrs* 
Kat. St. J. Bapt, 
Crown of Thorns. 
Crown of Thorns. 
Easter Tuesday * 
St. Tlrmifl. 
St, Magnus, 
St. If ichulas* 
CL of Apoatles, 
Holy Same, 
Transfla;. 

C. of Apostles, 

Eplpbony* 
Passion Sunday. 
Hld-Lent. 



First line of Hymn. 



Breviary* 



Felices nemorum pangt- 

mus 
Fells Anna prao , » 
Felix died inortelibiis 
Fetix dies, quern praprki 
Fetts felki pifaesule * 

Felix Taorte tuaqul . 
Felix per oranetf fcstani 
Felix torra, quu fruc- 

tllOflt) 

Feltx Tatrupn Friictuosu 
Feno Jaoen> pertulit * 
Festi iHidee liwlierul 
Fostls laeta sonent . 
Festivis resonent oomplta 
Festum Chriate rex pvr . 
Festum Co]umbaef#lebr*? 
Festum matris gtorlowe 
Festum insigne prodTJt 
Fidelia plebs eccleslae . 
Fit porta Christ! pcrvla . 
FUgrans aoioit. ptirditos 

Fletue .Mnjaevt rex * 
Fi>ns Deus vltae perennltt 

Furtcm virlll poctord 
Fortes cadmdo martyres 
Foiti tegente bracliio 
Frenentur ergo corpo- 

rum 
Fulfcntis auctor aetncrle 

Fulgct clara festlvitas * 
Fulgct lilc honor eepul- 

clirl 
Fumant fiibads templa, 
Fuudere precea tempus 

Grallicae eostos Geno* 

vefa gentia 
Oallo caricnto yenlmuft. 

Fart of "Noctis tern- 

pus" 
Grande Mater Eocleata * 
Gauds mater pietatls 
Qaudeat cuncta pia . . 
Gaudet caterva nobtlis ■ 
Caudcto floret* martynun 

Gentls Pvlonae gloria 
Qenrrine nobilis KulaLLa. 
Gesta eauctoruin marty- 

rum 
GLortaia sacrao celebrr> 

mus 
Grates peracto jam die * 

Grates tibi Jcsn nvvas . 



Hac node hora presclus. 

Part of "Koctis tem- 

pua" 
Haec dies sacrao fldet , 
Haec est dies qua. , * 
Usee Ella solemnis dies . 
Haec rite mnndl , . , 
Haec vera Christ! famula 
Heraame preaul nubilli , 
Hie duorum. char* frat- 

rum 
Hie est dies verus Del , 
Hie Joannes mire natus. 

Hlnc firacttonlft dfra . , 
Hoc jussa quondam * , 
Homlnls superne eondL 

tor 
Honorem [HonoreJ aanc- 

lae Eugenlae 
Hods pexactis nndecun . 
Horres superbos nee 
llortator ille prtmu*, , 
Hovtls Herodes impie . 

Hue vos gratEfice plebs . 
Hue vos, O mlserf . . 
Hnjuj obtentu Deus , . 



P- 
ai* 

P- 






at* 



HI 1 . 

mi. 
J 1 - 



m*. 

«*. 
ml* 

r*. 



a. m*. 



fli. 

& 

a'. 



TJ«. 



«*. 
P- 

m'. 
r*. 1. x. 



(!'. at Abbots, hi. 

Sit. Anne. 

Oct. of Ascension, 

ClrquTncialon. 

(i&UHnus A|ib. 

Ch of Ainrtyra. 
m. Vetcrk l'uul. 
St. FrurtuuBUS. 

St, Fructuoaua. 
ChriEtiDO^ 
Voaat. ttf "J'rinlty. 
C ot Virgins^ 
I'recuniB IJItxhI, 
St, Tboinns. 
st 4 Columlia. 
Vlsltat.ufB. V,M. 
Si. A^iLtba. 
St. Anus, 

B. V. M. 
Ejazams kc. t v]- 

eitcd by Chris t. 
Concept, B. V. XI. 
St. Felix. 

C. of wm-Vltgins. 
C of Mirtjrr^. 
Emftsrtiiio. 
tiwtidiy in IiVnt. 

Monday after Oct, 

of Epfph, 
St. Kent1u<rrn, 
*. Enlibs. 

1'uiif. <>f b. v. sr, 

Xtntli Hour. 
!3t, Ocnovefn, 
At coet-crow. 



St. Btthnn. 

TnnsRg. 

St. Junes. 

St, Fdturtus, ke. 

Sts.-tkaya in AJv, 

fit. ActBclUH. 
St. John Cantlui. 
St. EnEalla. 
St, G«WBe, 

The Winding 

Sbwt. 
Compline. Feb. a 

to Asb. W. 
SS. rrutoaiua & 

Garvmtdu!^. 

At code-crow. 



St, Hiefonrmna. 
St. Thereaa. 
AnuuncuktlDii. 
C. of a Matron, 
C. of Martyrs. 
St. Eraamua. 
SS. Emeterlua and 

Calidoniiu. 
Eastertide. 
Decoll, of S. Jobn 

BipUst. 
Of tbe Dead. 
TnuHficuratlou. 
Friday Veapfria, 



St. £ng«]ia. 

Eteraafh Hour. 
Wed. Vc&pcra. 
S«t, In Lent. 
ViEllofEp.fi.*. A 

aj. [ri. mi). 
St. Vincent, ie, 
Eptpbany, 



BREVIARIES 



BREVIABIBS 



175 



First Hue of Hymn. 


Brevbry, 


Use. 


First lino of Hymn. 


Breviary. 


Use. 


Hdjus oratu Dcub . . 


i". 


J. of non-Vlrgtns. 


Jean, decna aneelkum . 


r>. 


Eloly Nuds, 


Hujus auppUeiuni pestls 


m*. 


Hone f in time of 


Jesu defensor omnium . 


»•. 


Midnight. 






w«. 


Jesu dulcedo cordlum , 


P- 


Ttanshguratlon. 


Hymnls dum resonat , 


p. 


All Saints. 


Jcau, dulols amor mens. 


7*. 


TheWindlng^litet 


Hymnls predulcibus. . 


*. 


St. Magnus. 


Jesu, dulcls memorU . 


f*. «. t. 


Holy Name. 


Jfymnum canemus glo- 


y- 


Ascensiou. 


Jesu, nostnt redempUo . 


rl. ». y. K-jp. 


Ascension, Com- 


rias 
Hymnum dlcamun do- 


a. Fork Vln cocna 






plinc(f.s}, Lauds 
fy. p.> Vsprs. 


mino 




domlui 






[?■). 


Hymnum Marioe Viral- 


m 3 . Assumption of B. 


Jesu, qundragenariae 


I. y. t. 


Lent. 


ola 




V. M. 


Jesu. Itedemptor om- 
nium perpes corvna 
Jesn, Keilemptor om- 


r. ». y, *. 


C. of Confessors. 


Dsdem creMi fluctibus 


P- 


Thurs. Matins. 


»». 


Blaster Week. 


Waeea te pue< pere . . 


P- 


Compassion of IT. 

vrw. 


nium qui murte 
Jesu. Redemptor om- 




Teres, 
Christmas. 


Iltumlnans, Altlssl- 


a. »). 


E&pipuany . 


nium quern lucis 






mus[e] 
Imago lucis paternae 
Immense coell conditor , 






Jeeu, Kedemptor om- 


P- 


Chrlstmaa. 


r. 


Image of our Lord. 


nium, Buinmi parentis 






»*, r, i. y. i. 


Monday. Vespers. 
Oompss.ofB.V.M. 


Jesu, Kedemptor eseculi 


P- 


EastortMo. 


lmperatrix tfementlae , 


z. 


Jesu, rex admlrabiba 


ri. 


Holy Name. 


Impkts gaudentviscerit. 


*■ y- 1. 


Penteoort, 


Jean rex salvator . . 


z. 


11,000 Virgins, 


ImpteU sunt quae . . 


z. 


See Voxllla. 


Jesn, socsernotum decus. 


P- 


J, of lilehops. 


Impune veil nun erlt . 


p- 


Dcooll.ofa. Jobn 


Jesu, Salvatur secull (1) 


t. y. i. 


Easter. Complluc 






Baptist. 


Jesu, Salvstor seculi fjij 


ri. »*. t. 


AH Saints. 


In Annas puerpcrlo . . 


J. f. 


St. Anne. 


Jesu solamen ml*erls . 


*. 


[msgeofourLuni. 


In majcstatis sollo . . 


ri. 


Feast of Trln. 


Joannes hujua trtiu . . 


MS. 


Thursday In Lent, 


In malntlnls surglmus . 


ml. 


Tb. after Oct.. Ep. 
At cock-crow. 


Jonam propuetom mltia 
Jordanui oras pnevta . 
Joseph stirpla Daytdicae 


mt. 
P- 


Tuesday In Lent. 
Advent. 


In Ninivitas m cosctus . 


W, 


Tb. In Lent- 


fi. 


St, Joseph, 


In noctls umbra desidee 


J»- 


Advent. Compline 
Image of our Lord. 


Jubes, et in praecepd 


J>- 


Tuesday. Matins, 


lnpassloneDoni;nl , . 
Indite rex msgne * . 


i. 


Jucundom nobis bunc . 


m*. 


St. Virisslmus,&c. 


>u\ 


Duron, of a King, 


JulLinl vitmuurtyrls 


H«, 


St.JulUm. 


Inclltl festum pudorls . 


Hi. 


St. Cecilia. 


Jussu tyranni pro nde . 


P- 


St. Jobn at Lat. 


InconcuBsa tuo, summe 


P- 


at. Peter'a Chair. 






Gate, 


Ingraia sens Judelca . 
Inslgne fcetum Juliani . 


£. 


Comnas.ofB.V.M. 
St, Juliiui, 








»1. 


Katuarinae collaudemus 


1. 


St. Katluuine. 


Inalgnem Christ! Crls- 


U'. 


9t. Crispin. 








plnnm 






Labcntejnm soils rota . 


P- 


None. 


Inslgnem Chrlstl mar- 


W : . 


C. of Martyrs. 


Lietare cuelum plsusibue 


P- 


C, of Apnetles. 


tyrem 






Laetls terra sonet plausl- 


p. 


Nat. 4; Concept, 


Instentle adventum Del. 


p- 


Advent. 


bus 




B. V. M. 


Intende nastrls precihus . 


«*. 


Sunday. 


lind» fklells concio . . 


z. 


Crown of Jesus. 


Intends qui regis Israel. 
Inter sulpburel fulgura . 


a. 


Christmas Day. 


Lauds, mater ecctesia 


y- 


St. Mary Magd, 


P- 


Whitsunday. 


Laudem beatse Eulallae 


m>. 


St. Eulolia. 


Intrante Cfarjato Bctba- 


P- 


Laiarua, 4c, vis- 


Landes sanctorum mar- 


ml. 


C. of Maityrs. 


nicamdomum 




ited by Cbtiet. 


tyrutn 






Inventor rutllls dux bone 


(»■. 


let Sun. after Oct, 


Legls Bgurls pin(dtur . 
Lignum cruets mlrsblle. 


r>. 


Crown of Thorns. 






of Epiphany, 
C. of Martyrs. 

Of a v. a. 


P- 


Exalt, of Cross. 


Invlcte martyr unlcum . 
InvioUta tategra et casta 


r*. 

a 1 , p. g. i. 


Linquunt tecu magi 
LncUe festum celebret 


i;. 


Epiphany. 
St. Ludo. 


Ira juste conditorls . . 


n. 


Precious Blood. 


sancta 






1mm quant merits . • 


H*. 


InWar.atSext. 


Lucis Auctor clemena . 


Hi. 


Sun, Lent. . 


lata Confessor Domini , 


nii.r.a. w.s. 


C. of Confi-osore. 


Lucia Creator optima 


«*,r.s.y.i. 


Sunday Vespers. 


lets tlectus Johsnnes . 


«i. 


9t, Jobn Evaug. 


Lucie bujus leata colat . 


w?. rl. 


St. Anne. 


late quern lai tl , * . 


T>. 


St. Josepli, 


Lugrte pails sngeli . . 


P- 


Friday, Vespers. 
Passion Sunday. 


Itote popull psalllte . . 


W. 


S3. Kmon & Jude, 


Lustra (is) sejt qui Jam . 


r. t. y. z. 








Lux aim* Jesu . . . 


■t*. 


Transfiguration. 


Jactamur ben quot . . 


P- 


Mon. at Vespers. 


Lux de luce Dens fons . 


P- 


Oct. of Et. Denis. 


Jam bone pastor Petre , 


t>. t. y. *. 


St. Peter's chair, 


Lux ease eurglt . . . 


r, t. y. *, 

H>. 


Thutsdsy. Lauds. 






cbalnsi t Vlg. of 


Lux Dens Curtate pletas 


St. Augustine. 






SS.PeterAPaul. 


Lux ver» lucis clarltas . 


tv*. 


Sunday. 


Jam Chrlsta nomen , , 


P' 


St. Klentheriaa. 








Jam Chrlete eol . . . 


a>. ri. *, 


Lauds. Lent. 


Maerentee, ocull iparglte 


Th 


C. of Passion, 


Jam Christns aatre , . 


a. r. *. y. r . 


Pentecoet. 


Magna res uobts . . . 


df. 


Concept. B. V. M. 


Jam cutsus norae sextos 


m>. 


3^xt. 


Mmgnae Deus poteutiae . 


nt*. r . s. y.t. 


Thurs. Vespers. 


Jam dene noa perceptlo. 


*»*. 


Tenth Bonr. 


Magnl pabnam certsmi- 


at. 


St. Ferpetua, 


Jam deslnant ausplrla . 


!>• 


Christmas Say. 






Jam legls nmnra, claudi- 


Hi. 


Wed. Veep. In 


Msgnum salutls gaudlum 


fli. 


Distribution of 


tur. 




Holy Wee*. 






Palms, 


Jam luolsorto aiders. . 


a. m*. r. e. 


Prime. 


Mane noblscum, Domlne 


n>. 


IndWedu.fnAdv. 




y.p.t. 




Marlu castis oculis . . 


fi. 


St, MaryMagd. 


Jam meta noctis tTunsiit 


n'. 


Aurora. 


Maria ventre eonceplt , 


y. 


Christmas. 


Jam nil Hebnela ■ , 


P- 


SS. Peter & Paul. 


Meris sscro ssucia . , 


P. 


St. MsTyMugd. 


Jam non te lacerant , , 


P- 


0. of Martyrs. 


Martins* celebri plaudit* 


r». 


St, Martina. 


Jam nunc ad illnm , . 


mi. 


%. Sebastian. 


Martins confessor Del . 


»i. 


St. Martin, 


Jam nunc patema . . 


»- 


Sunday Matins, 


Martyr Del egregje . . 


01. 


St. Sebastian. 


Jam nunc quae numerfu 
Jam passlonis incho 


P. 


C. of Doctors. 


Martyr Del qui unfeum. 
Martyr Dei Venantlus . 


n'.t'i. t.j(.(. 


C. of Martyrs. 


n>. 


St. Julian. 


f*. 


St. Venantlus. 


andoa 






Martyrls festum rntllst 


m*. 


St. Mareellus. 


Jam sanctlus moves opui 


P. 


Friday Matins. 


Msrtyris gests[asj Zoy- 


Ml. 


St. Zoylus. 


jam sol tecedit . » . 


»». 


Trinity Sunday. 
Sat. Vespers. 


HquefZoill] 
Mitbuv justs duodeno 
Matrls uitactae veueren- 


t. y. s. 


St. Mattblas, 


Jam soils excelsum jutxu 


y. 


Sett. 


P- 


St. Josopb. 


Jam surgit bora tertle , 


<t. »>. 


Terce. 


daeconjojc 






Jam car quoterni* . , 


y- 


3rd Sun, in Lent. 


Matthew ssnets bino 


1. 1. 


St. Matthew. 


Jam toto anbltas . . . 


r'. 


9even Dolours, 


Memento de Deo Dens , 


}>■ 


Little Omcfc of 


Jerusalem glorioss . . 


ml. 


St. Adrian. 






B. V. M. 


Jeau auctor clementlae . 


1. s. 


Holy Name. 


Memento rerum Condltor 


r*. 


Offlo9«fB.V*.M 


Jesu, corona celslor . . 


a. r. 


D. of Ctmieaaors. 


Memento salutls aitctor . 


a. «. 

i P- 


Jeau, corona Virglnum , 


a.m'.r.t.y.a 


C. of Virgins. 


Mule qwm stipant sollo 


St. Michael, 



176 



BBBVIAKIB8 



BBBVIAEIBS 



First line of Hymn. 


Brdrlary, 


Cae. 


Firs t line of Hymn. 


Breviary. 


Cae, 


Mtraeula primeva ynH 


m. 


PrdA»u« to .fiVMftt 


Olucequaetualates. . 


P- 


Holy Trinity. 


norum 




(»IS). 


luco qui mortallbua . 


P- 


Sundey. Vespers. 


Mlraculnm landablle 


a. 


Ordn. of St. Am- 


lux beau Trlnltaa (1). 


mi.a.y, if. 


2nd Sun. after Oct. 


Mtramur, Deus, tuae . 


P. 


broae. 
Wed. Matins. 






Epiph. (st). 
Sat. Vsprs, It'. «. 


MIrutur hostis posse . , 


«*. 


Tuesday in Lent. 






»■*) 


Miris modia repente , . 


r*. 


St. Pcter'a Gliains. 


lux beata Trinttas(il) 


rl. 


Feast of Trln. 


Mltla probet «M modis . 


P- 


St. aephen. 


m^ne rtrum Chrlste . 


n>. 


St. Aemillan. 


Misfimn Redemptoran h 


P- 


JbHatmas. 


Maria noil flere . . 


1. 1. 


St. Mary Magd. 


Molles in agues ran lupus 


P. 


Holy Innocents. 


nata lux de . . . . 


I.i. 


rransOguratton. 


Mantes, auperbum vcrtl- 


P- 


Visit, of B. V. M. 


Naxarcne, lux , , 


ml. 


Monday In Lent. 


cem 






nfmls fcllx .... 


r, *. y. f . 


St. Jobn Dipt. 


Mortale, coelo tolls * - 


P- 


Nat. ft Concep. of 


Pater sancte mlUs 


>. S- a. 


I'rinllv Sunday. 






B. V. M. 


Pt*rc, petra ecelealae . 


mi. 


St. Ptter's Chair. 


Mundl salue affiitura 


>. a. 


Visit, of D. V.M. 


pulchras adea . . 


P- 


r;. of Abbots, kn. 


Mumli aalua qui nasceris 


P- 


Compline, Christ- 


quam giorlflca . . . 


t.jf.p. 


Assuiop. of 11. V. 


Myatertum ecclealae * . 
hymnua Christo 


a. 


maa fc Epby. 
fl) Pur:f. of B.V. 
M.;Ci)Offlc«of 
B. V. M. i (3) 
Visit of B. V.M. i 






M. fJ-y> K»t. 
(p\ Little Office 






quam luvat fratres 
U qui perp>-tuUB nos . . 


P- 
P- 


Tuts. Vespers. 
j. of Doctors. 






(i) Anounc of 
B. V. M.. 


qui tuo, dux martyrum 


P- 


It. Stephen. 






quut undla .... 


t*. 


Seven Dolours of 


Mysteriorurn dgnlter . 


a. 


St. Michael Arcb. 






B. V. M. 


Mysteriuni mirabile . . 


r». 


ThoWlndlng-sbeet 


rcrum Domlne conditor 


«ii. 


St. Genesius. 


Mystlcam meloa pereol J 
vet 


m*. 


St. Fauatua, Ac. 


saeerdotum lnciha. . 
salntarls fulgens . . 


«i. 
a. 


St. Bibylae. 
Visitation of B.V. 


Nerdl Marin pittici . . 


t'. 


St. Mary Magd. 


sator rerum * * . 


i. r. 


Transflgtuation. 


Mardne Columbae floruit 


mi. 


St. Oolumba. 


sol sslutis .... 


r*. 


Lauda. Lent. 


Kativltatem pueri . . 
Netus Parent! redditus . 


»>. 


St, Jobn Baptist. 


aoia magnarum . . 


ft. 


Epiphany. 
Ijent. Compline. 


P- 


8S. Kii Up fc James 


splendor afti-ml Patrla 


P- 


Necnon et ipaos protegit 


«'. 


St. Agnes. 


Osteite Jacob . . . 


r*. 


Purity of B.V. M. 
H, Tbomaa. 


Mil laudlbus nostrla eges 


n. 


Uonday. Lauda. 


Thorn* Chriatl . . . 


i. y. t. 


Nobis Olympo reddltus , 


P- 


Ascension. 


triplex honor . . . 


«■. 


3t. Fructuoeus, &c* 


Hocts eurgeotea viglle- 


T. I. JJ. ». 


Sunday. Mattna. 


Virgo pectus cut » . 


'i 


;, of Virgins. 


mus 






vfrum regimen . . 


»*. 


For an army. 
Assump.ofB.V.M. 


Noctla tempua jam prue- 


ml. 


4th Sun. in Lena. 


U vos aetuei el plaudlte . 


P- 


terlt 




At cock-crow. 


vos cum cttharis . . 


P- 


St. Mary of Egypt, 


Noctie tetrae prhnordla . 
Son abluunt lymphae . 


ml. 


Firet Watch. 


vos unanlmes tnristfa- 


P- 


Oct. of AU Saints, 


P- 


Oct. of Epiph. 


dumebori 






Non Mam crucians . , 


r>. 


St. Martina. 


Obduxere polum nublla. 


m*. 


in time of rain. 


Nun part* solo sanguine 
Non usttatia ortus hie , 


J 1 ' 


C. of Just mn. 


Obeidlone s obrtaa . . 


mi. 


Firet Watch. 


mi. 


Kriday In Lent. 
0. of Virgins. 


Octavus boras circulus . 


m*. 


Eighth Hour. 


Non Tana dilectum . , 


J 1 - 


Omnes fideles plaudlte . 


t. 


Presrat.ofB.V.M. 


Noa imago Trlnitatl* . 


t. 


Image of Christ. 


Omnibns manat cruor 


P- 


Deooll.ofSt, John 


Novum aldu* emlcult . 


vfl. 


St. Otabeth of 


eoce venis 




Bapi. 






Hungary. 


Omnipotent! Domino 
Opes oecusque regfum . 


*ti. 


St. Andrew. 


Novum sydue exoritui . 


rl. 


Transflg. 


r>. 


St. KlliabeUi of 


Nox atra rmun , . . 


r. i. j(. i. 


Thurs. Mattna. 






Portugal. 
PasslonUde. 


Nox et teuebrse . . . 


r. «. ». i. 


Wed. Iduds. 


Opprohrlls Jesu satur . 
Status votls omnium . 


P- 


Noxium Cbrlstos slmal . 


P- 


Circumcision. 


a. 


Aaceneion. 


Nullla te genltor . , ♦ 


u. 


St. Herm'negtld. 


Opus psreglBti tuum . . 


P- 


Ascension. 


Kullls Wbendl nemo 


m*. 


Sat. in Lent. 


Orbe nunc toto celebren- 


p. 


SS. 1'eter & Paul. 


Nunc aurora, novae . . 


J>. 


Sat. B. V. M. 


turambo 










Little OfBce. 


Orbls exultana celebret . 


Bl». 


St. Anne. 


Mane ennctvrum vox Jo- 


«*. 


St. KlUalietli of 








ennda 




Htinga'y. 








Nunc gratis ex veterlbns 


at. 


St. Styrns. 


Pandltnr saxo tumulus . 


P- 


Laxsrua, fee, visit* 


Nunc sancte noble . . 


a.bi^r.i.y.* 


Terce. 






rd by Christ, 


Nunc snis tandem . , 


*• 


Sat. St. John Bap. 


Pange, lingua glorloeae 


B, 


Ht. Katharine. 








I'auge, lingua, glorioal 


a*.»*.f l.i.y 


Corpus Cbrlsti. 


behfa Jerusalem . . 


H*. 


Restoration of a 


corporis 


p. i. 








Church. 


Pange, lingua, gtorloel 


i*. 


Passion and Palm 


beate mundl . , . 


M>. 


St. Christopher. 


lauream 




Sunday A Inven- 
tion of Cross, 


castltatis slgniftr et 
(ortl 


al. 


C. of Martyrs, 










Pange, lingua, glorioal 


at 1 , ri.f .y. a. 


Good Friday (»), 


Chrlste palme martv- 


al. 


St. Maurleius. 


praelium 




Inv. of Cross [m). 


rum 










Pass, k I'elm 


Chrlste qui nostri . . 


i>' 


Whltsun Eve. 






Sunday (H.l.y.r) 


Christ! martyr et . . 


tul. 


St. Baibara. 


Pange, lingua, glorioal 


t. 


Image of Our Sa- 


O coeli sydus lucids , , 


£, 


St. Maurice. 


praelium certaminis 




viour. 


coelorum alms prin- 


91.1 


St. Michael. 


Pange, lingua, glorioal 

praesnlts 
Pange, lluguam, Zacha- 


a. 


St. Nicholas. 


crux ave apes . . . 
deeus sacrum virglnum 


1. 


Passion Sunday. 
Sat. Ofllce of B. 


ni. 


St. Jobn Baptist. 


Ol*. 


riae. ^hanged to 










V.M.fcAssump. 


"Clangs lyram Zacna- 






Del perenne verbum . 


m>. 


SS. Juntos * Pastor 


ries"inl)TB.l 
Pange eauctae Catharine 






Dei saplenria , , , 


». ». 


fceaentatEon of B. 


si. 


St, Catharine. 






V.M. 


glorioaa 


'■ 




Del Verbum Patrla 


n<. 


Et. James. 


PeraU eunt te Tjoeeerent 


P. 


Assump.ofB.V.M. 


fims amoris Splritus. . 


P- 


Terce. 


Pascbale mundo gaudium 
Pastore percuaso mlnaa . 


r*. 


C. of Apostles. 
Donv. of St Paul. 


fortie clemene Dew 


^, 


rhuis. Vesper*. 
Aasump. of B. V. 


P- 


glorloaa domina , , 


Pater supemi lumlnie , 


T», 


St. Mary Mogd. 

Dcd. of Church. 






M. (ri). 


Patris aeternl soboles . 


P- 






Compase. of B. V. 


Perfecto trlno numero . 


ml. 


None. 






U.U). 


Perfuse Hon sic snme . 


m>. 


Thursday In Lent. 


gloriosa femtna . . 


t. 


Lady Day. 


Perfuaua ora lacbrymia , 


P- 


3t.Matttn. 


O glortaes virglnum . . 
Jam beata quae auo 


r«. 


Sat. of B. V.M. 
C. of Holy Women 


Prtrnm tyrannei quid . 


s 


St. Peter In Prison 
St. Pstsr'a Chains 


^* 






^r, a V^, ■ v.ipmn 



BRBTIAEIEB 



BREYIABIES 



177 



Filat line of Hymn. 


BtevUry. 


Use. 


First line of Hymn. 


Breviary. 


Vie. 


Placare, Christe, servulifl 


t*. 


All Bainta. tit. 
Gabriel. 


Rebus creatln nil egena . 


P. 


Sundays'. Sentua- 
gesimi to Leirt. 


Placet frementem pub. 


si 1 . 


Fildar in Lent. 


Rector potens veraE 


£.jHi.r.t.y,* 


Sext. 


Uds 






Rector, hed'-mptor et . 
Kedditnni lutf, Domino 


m*. 


C. of Saints. 


Plsgls maglstri saucl* , 


»*.rLf.J.a. 


St. Mary liagd. 
Friday Veapeia. 


P- 


Lasarup, frc. t vlslt- 


PUsuuttor Jkominls Deus 


vocantt 




od by Christ. 


Pl»ud*t turba fluellum . 


v. 


St. Uloian. 


Referre prlM;L atemma , 
Regale Davidis genus . 


M>, 


Sat. in Lent, 


Plaude coelestis curia ♦ 


ri. 


St. JoacpU. 


P- 


SS,Jo*cbim&Ann*j 


Plebs Deo dlcato, . . . 


n 1 . 


SS. Ooemas tuid 


Rrgill solto funis , , 


7*. 


St. Hennencgild. 






Dumt&n. 


Kegl poktrum debitaa . 


a. 


St. DtonyBlua. 


Poet Petrum primum 


a. 


St. Andrew Ap, 


Kegina coeli, laetore. . 


«*. r*. p. 


Ant. Lauds and 


prlucipem 










Compline, 


Port ut occssum tesolvit 


»*. 


Ascenaion. 


Regis supeml nttntia 


f. 


St. Tereaa. 


Prat'clarum Cnriatl tulli- 


«J. 


St. Mnttlie*. 


Regnui paternia dehltuB, 


P. 


SS. Philip kJamea. 


tem 






ItegnatoT orbis summus. 


P- 


Guardian angels. 


Praeclara custos vlr- 


r». 


[TniDDC. Conwp. It 
Purity uf It V.M. 


Ilegum progenies, Isaci- 


f. 


St. Joseph. 


ginum 




dumdecus 






Piaedlcta ClirEall more . 


P- 


S3. I'iiilip fcJua, 


Rerum Creator omnium. 


P- 


Saturday. Lauda, 
Wed. Matins. 


Pmcsepe prill pcrtoUt . 


y- 


Cbriftnuii. 


Uentm Creator optirne (1 ' 
Rerum Creator optlme(3j 


m*. r.i. jm. 


Prituo die quo Trinluu . 


T*. 


Suniay. Matins. 


)■>. 


Holy Redeemer, 


Priinodlerum omnium . 


»*.rt.#.«.a. 


Sunday. MUSiu. 


Remm Deus fons . . 


HI*. 


Satur. Veapenr, 


Pro spcclali Hntco . . 


«>. 


St. Mary Magd. 


Rerutn Deus tenaz . . 


a. »•. r. i. 


None. (o.rj.y.»). 


Piwul mollgiil cedlte . 


f' 


St. Mary Magd. 




y. i. 


Vespers (»). 
11,0011 Virgins, 


Promevoceni, menacano- 


P- 


Five Wounds of 


Rfsonat eccleala landum 


s. 


Tfll 




Curtst. 


Rex aeterne Deus fons . 


»*. 


In War. 


Promo cflmmltsos tlbi 


!>■ 


St. Pcter'a Chair. 


RexaeterneDotnlne. . 


r>. 


Hester-tide. 


Prumlssa tuaiido fsudia . 


P- 


SS.Joacblm&Annc 


Rex confessorum indite. 


t. 


St. Kentlgern, 


Pnmlspa.u-llua.ttfnctpe. 


P- 


AocenBiun. 


Rex gloriose Martyrum . 


ml.r. a.y.*. 


C. of Martyrs. 


I*romi tlis et servae dal un 


P- 


Wed. Ijimb. 


Rex glortono Praeeulum 


r>. 


C. of all Pones. 
Sunday. Matins, 


Pitmipt* cunct* Caibo- 


H*. 


SS. Michael and 


Rt3t sempiterne coelitum 


r*. 


Hue 




Gabriel. 


Rex summe rcgum . . 


p. 


St. Louis. 


Proni rogumus Pbiltppe 


y. 


St. Philip. 


Romano Chrlstl fortis . 


ml. 


St. Ronunus, 


Pallet aitltudocoeli 


mi. 


\j>vr Sunday. 








Puer hie eojiftt l'tuaiuvs. 


»■. 


St, John Bapli*t. 


Sseer octavamm dies 


Bl. 


C3rcumelslon. 


Puer unctiu veueratur , 


«. 


St. Maurice. 


Sacer puritatum dies 


«*. 


l'urtf. B. V. M. 


Pulsum supers! s sudLbus 


1>. 


Annunciation. 


Sacrae parentea Virginia 


r. 


Presentation of B. 

V. M. 
St. Martian*. 


Qnalapsu taclto eleila . 


p. 


Epipliany* 


Sacne trinmphum mar- 


m*. 


Quae coelo nova nunc . 


P- 


Ae&ump.ofll.V.M. 


tyr!* 






Quae glorJoi um tanta . 


p. 


Conv. of St. ]>aul. 


Sacrata Ctirlatl tempota. 


n>. 


S. after Ascension 


Quae lunga tandem Virgo 


p. 


Awtirop.oifD.V.M, 


Sacrate venl Splritus 


n>. 


Pentecost. 


Quae ateElu sole pulcbrior 


P- 


Epiphany. 


Sacratum Christi antl- 


m. 


St. Auguatlne. 


Quae te pro popuLL cri- 


P- 


Lent.Fi™ Wounde 


stitem (1) 






IntMihtia nova 




of Christ. 


Saerstum ChrlsU anti- 


ml. 


St. Oerontlus. 


Qntu: lurmanuptlalEbus. 


P- 


St. Ursula. 


stltem (1) 






Qiiuenatu lingua tiki . . 
Quails |n>v bums Petre . 


T^t. 


Lance and Nulla. 


Sacri sonatus, Petre . . 


P. 


St. Peter's Chair 


P- 


St. Peter's Chair. 


Sacri triiunpbales tul . 


a. 


SS. Naxarius and 


Quoin Chrlnte Aigna^l 


P- 


C. of Martyrs, 






Celsus. 


QUiiui itos printer all ids 


P- 


Transfiguration. 


Sacris solemn lis juncta . 


m?.T.t.i/.v.i. 


Corpus Christl. 


Quar a die jaw liicildus. 


M*. 


3rd Sun. in Lent. 


Sacrnm tompus in oalciiio 


m*. 


SS. Cyrluus and 

Paula. 


Quem mtait [b lernia 


P- 


C. of ApoAtlca. 






Quem nox, quem tene- 


P- 


St. John Evang. 


Saepe dnm Cbrlstl , . 


iJ. 


B.V. M. Help of. 


brae 










Christians, 


Quetu terra pnntus > . 


r. i. v.*. 


feaatofB. V. M. 


SieTO dolornm turbine , 


T'. 


Cof Passion. 


Qulamnc nunc rpiadrlnue 


»*. 


Fourth Hour. 


Salutts aeternae dator , 


r>. 


All Saints. 


(Jul Chrlstiano iiloriuntur 


V' 


St.PeterinPrlron. 


Salutls bnmanae sator ( 1 ) 


n. 


Ascension. 


QuLmtusesde vlvgine . 


Jl. 


Hoxology. 


Salutla humunaeautorC^) 


r'. 


B. V. M. Purs 


Qui DUS cftuti solus * . 


f. 


Sunuaya Sept. to 






Heart. 






Iient, 


&Llvator mundl Domlna. 


s. y. i. 


Christmas [». *), 


(hit nubo rupti, to . . 
Qui a.u-rls liodlo . , ♦ 


i 1 - 


DoKology. 






Trin.{«, 


J 1 - 


Purif.ofB. V. M. 


Salve, regina, mater . . 


r'. 


Ant. L*ud* *nd 


Qui to, Deu*. sub iutlmo 


J*' 


C. of Just men. 
Doxology. 
Fifth Hour. 






CoBinline. 


Qui te rcvelae Gentlbus . 
Qui luti Jlhr] nerMoyren 
Qulcumque Christum , 


p* 


Salvete Cliristl vuintta . 


r». 


Predona Blood. 


m*. 


Salirete ciavt et lancaa . 


T', 


f jince and Nails. 


j*. 


TniwftgnratEon* 


Naivete tlorea uunyrum 


"& 


Holy Innocenta, 


Quid mora* nectis f . . 


i>. 


(fat. St. John Bap. 


Saneta mater istud . . 


Seven Dulours of 


Quid olbtinata pe ctora . 
Quid sacram, vvrgo . . 


J>- 


St. Stephen. 
C. of Vlrgina. 






B.V.M. 


J>- 


Sancte Del pretlose . . 


t. y. s. 


St, Stephen. 


Quid tu rclictla urblbus . 


J 1 - 


C. of Abbot*, &c. 


Sauctisslmae Leocadlae . 


n>i. 


St.Lcocadl*. 


Quietl tempus adest , . 


m>. 


First Watch. 


Sanctorum merltla incllta 


M'.r.t.y.I. 


C. of Martyr*. 


Quisille, Bylvis . , . 


i>> 


DecolL.ofSt. John 


Sat Paule sat terrts , . 


P- 


Conv. of St. Pan). 






Bap. 


Script* sunt coelo duo- 


»i. 


SS. Smeterina and 


Quo forma cesstt par D u 


p. 


Crown of Thorns. 


rum 




Celidonius. 


Quo fugit praeceps ? 


j>. 


St. Martin. 


Scripta aunt in coelo plo- 


mi. 




Quosadciusanior te. . 


p- 


7islt.ofB. V. M. 


rnm 






Quo too maglstri gloria . 


j>- 


Whitsunday. 


Sebastian! mortyrls soi- 


m*. 


St. Sebastian. 


Qnodconvolutlsitrtubus. 


»*. 


Midnight. 


lemue 






Quid came Christum 


p- 


Assump.ofB.V.M. 


Sed eur vetustae . 4 . 


H*. 


Monday in Lent, 


Quod chorus vatum. 


t. jr. (. 


Portf.of B.V. M. 


Sed mox in auras. . . 


mi. 


Wedo. in Lent. 


Quod lex adumbravit 


P. 


Lent. Matina. 


Sensua quls horror . . 


P- 


Fifth day of Oct, 


Quodcumque la orbe 


T». 


St. Petet"e Chair. 






Ascension, 


Quodcumque vioclla 


Tl. 


St. Peter's Chair. 


Sermons blandoangeluB. 


*. jr. i. 


Low Sunday, 


Quodqnnd diem deter- 


»•• 


Twelfth Hour. 


S! quid vlrglnltas , , 


P- 


St. Ursula 


minent 






Slgnum novt crux . . 


P- 


Invention of Cms*. 


Quomodo net petlit . . 


£. 


Aomin. B.V.M. 


8 nae sub alto vertice . 


P- 


C. uf Evangellsta, 


Quoe in hostes, Saule . 


P- 


Conv. of St. Paul. 


(at qui rite canat. . . 


P 


St. John ET*ng, 


Quosjunxit unue. . . 


J>- 


SS. Peter at Paul, 


Sol ana^lorum reaplce . 
Solemne festum plea . 


Ml. 


Compline. 
St.SebMtUn. 


Qum pomps saecull qnse 


P- 


St. Joseph. H. of 


M>. 


opes 
Qaot fceglt nno castlW* , 


P-' 


B. V. M. 

S*. Until*. 


Solemne noa Jcdunll . , 
Solemne mtilat ac , , 


A 


Lent. Land*, 
St. Matthesr. 



178 



BBBVIAEIE8 



BRBVIABIES 



Fust line of Hymn. 


Breviary. 


Use. 


First line of Hymn. 


Brevloiy, 


Cue. 


Suire voceni rocnssonora 


■ ■*. 


Ftldar In Easter 


Urbem Komuleam quia 


P- 


St. John at Lat, 






Week. 


furor 




Cats. 


Somno reftctia artubua . 


»*.r.j,y.s, 


Monday. Matins. 


Urbls magiater Tascioe. 


»■. 


St. Cyprian, 
St. Tbrnuatus. 
Dedtcstion of a Ch. 


Spernti sanctl nurtyrle - 


ml. 


St. Speratua. 


UrbiaKomulese jam t^a 


Ml. 


Splendor piti ruse giorlat 


o.m'.r.J.JM. 


Motil. Lauila (a. 


Urbs beata Hleruaalem . 


*•'. «, y. t. 






r.t. w.a) iilpiph. 


Urtw Jerusalem beats . 


P- 


It 


Squalcnt arva soli . . 


»i*. 


For rain. 


Ut queant loxia . . . 


r. y, 1. 1. 


St. John Baptist 


Stab.it muter dolorosa . 


i*. 


Seven Dukmrs of 












B. V. M. 


Vent Creator Splrltus . 


r. i. J. 


(I) Pentecost fri. 


Sta<utadecre!o Del . • 


P- 


Advent. 




p.t. 


:y.p.iy,m At 

vosling for Mass 


Btephaul prlml martyris 


a. 


St. Stephen. 






Scupetegentesj flt Deus. 


P- 


Purtf. offl. V. M. 






W- 


Sublime Niinien ter 


P- 


Holy Trii.ity. 


Venl Redemptor gentium 


m 1 . a. y. a. 


ChitHtmss Day. 


Budore sat too fldea . . 


p- 


Omit, of St. Paul. 


Venl Sttperne Spli itua . 


P- 


Whitsunday. 
Agony in the Gar- 
dtTi, 


Sueiueantrobufttiuul* . 


»*. 


Wed. in Easter 
Weelt. 


Vi'nlt e coelo , . . , 


rK 


Summae Bens clemc ntlse 


r>. 


Seven Dolours of 


Verbum P» : .rlequod . 


»». 


4th Sun. in Lent. 






B, V. M. 


Verbum quod ante . . 


P. 


Epiphany. 

1st Sun. In Adv. 


Summae Deusclementlae 


m'.r'.a.jf.*. 


S&turdaj. Ratine. 


Verbum aupernum pro- 


ati.r.i.y.i. 


Sanimse Parens cleme n- 


r*. 


Saturday. Matins* 


v dlena A Patre. 






tlie{10 
Summi Varum clemen- 






Verbum eupernum pro* 
diens nee Patris. 


a. m>. r. a. 


Co- pus Chrietl. 


r*. 


Tilnlty Sunday. 


y. p. ». 




Use (a> 






Vere gratia plena ea . . 


a. 


Office of I), y. M. 


Sumtne Confessor racer 


m'. 


C. of ConlfeKora, 


Verus Bedemptor Christ? 


m.*. 


Cons, of • Bp. 


Somme lsrgltor(y=seq.) 
Sumnn largltor prsemii 
Snmml P. r^ntl* unics . 






Vexllla reglj prodeunt . 


a'.ci.jr.p.a. 


Passion Sunday. 


», s>. *. 


lrt Sue. in Lent. 
St. Mary Magd. 






Palm Sunday (a). 
Exalt, and Inven~ 


Sununt pnsfllus grex . 


P- 


C. of Juat men. 
St. Alexandra and 






tloiiofCroaaCoj) 


Summi vatis preconlum 


a. 


Victls slbl cognomina . 


P- 


Clrcumciaton. 






St. Siiuplidonus 


Victor, Nobor, Felix, pfi 


a. 


St. Victor, 


Supreme nvior cord'um 


P- 


Soturdiiy. Vespera 


^'iTgin[^ proles, oplfex* 


»•.»■.«, jr.*. 


C. or VI: gins. 


Supreme quales,. Arbl; er 
Supreme Sector coelitnm 


P- 


C. ot Apft-tlei". 


que 






P- 


Whltsun Ere. 


Vlrglnls sacraa trtum^ 

pbum [l) 
Virginia sacroe irinm- 

puum C^) 
Vlrglnum robu^, Deue-. 


m'. 


St. Christina, 


Surgen:es ml tc Domine. 


m*. 


HUiilglit. 












«i. 


St. Justa. 


Tandem laborum,glorloai 
Tandem peractla Deua 


P- 


SS. Peter * Panl. 






P- 


Saturday. Mottna 


i»- 


C. of Vlrgiiw. 


Teoentlesmllle , . . 


n>>. 


Sic. after Eueter, 


Virgo Del genetrix , . 


J*- 


Compline of B. V. 


Te docet hymnus In . . 


nt*. 


St. Dorothea. 






M. 


Te deprecante corporum 


r». 


St. JobnCanllua. 


Virgo parens visit . . 


r. 


Of B, V. M. 


Te Joseph celt-brent . . 


r'. 


St. Joseph. 

Sat. before Septu- 


Virgo elngularls . . . 


t. 


Ad ir. Compline B, 


Telai a, momU Cnditor 


P- 






V. M. 






ageslnu. 


Viigo vlrgmum prae- 
elora 


r». 


Seven Dolours of 


Te lucia ™te , , , . 


a,*i*,rj.y.t. 


Compliue. 




B. V. M. 


Te lucis auelor , , . 


m*. 


Sun. Matins tn 


VocariB ad vitam, aacrum 


m'. 


Palm Sunday. 






Lent. 


Vocls auditae novttaa . 


«i. 


St. Ssturalnaa. 


Te m ijestatls Domlne . 


«'. 


Teres, 


Vo» ante Christi tempora 


P- 


Sundays. Septu, 


Te mater alma * » . 


T». 


Maternity of B. 






to Lent. 






V.M. 


Voa virfdnet cum . . 


P- 


C. of Virgins. 


Teprindpem eumtno , 


P- 


Tuesday. Tjiuds. 


Vos sanctl proceies vos . 


P- 


Ail Saints, 


Te lledeinptoris ♦ , . 


r*. 


B.V. M. Help of 


Voa auocen&i Deo . , 


P- 


C. of Doctors 






Christians. 


Vox clora ecce . , . 


nl.rLf.y.f. 


1st Sun. in Adv. 


Te Smote ruraus , . 


P- 


St. Louie. 






(ri. r, y. *)■ 


Te splendor et . . . 


t*. 


St. Mlcbael. 






WoetdayeinAdv, 


Teltnris alme Conditor . 


f*. 


Tuesday. Vesperf. 






(«)■ 


Tcllurfs Ingena Conditor 


m*.ri,t.y.s. 


Tuetf. Veapera. 
Invention of Cross 


Vox rcce vatum vlvids. 


R>. 


SS. Justus and 


Tellua tot annos quid . 


P- 






Abundue, 


Templa nunc fument . 


P- 


St. Louis. 








T*mptl socrocus pjnde . 
Tempus eopori congruum 


*. 


Purtf. of B. V, M. 
Sunday nlgbt. 
Holy Trinity. 
St. Martin. 


11. Id addition to ttio lireviariet named 


Ter BdDcte, ter potena . 


P- 


above, two incomplete oopif s of the Hereford 
Breviary are available* for oollntion. Atnonp; 
the Hertford hymjiB are tha following, all oE 


Tbnre fumantea quia hlc 


, P- 


TibiCbiiste, aplmdor . 
Tinctam ergo Christ! , 




St. Mlcbael. 
Lance and Nails. 


l^snamiwuaraptim prae- 
dicana. [ xransroissa 


ml. 


Wed. In Lent. 


wlricli are additional to those contained in the 






above table, and bo far as we can trace, peon] itur 


rsptim pried*, m»], 
Trhulati altlsalme mslji 


a'. 


All Saints. 


to Ihis Breviary ; — 


Cbrlatl 






Trlatcs erant Apostolt . 
Tu. Chrlste nostrum , , 
Tu natale solum . . . 


r. 1. 1. 


C. of Apostles. 
Adeem Eon* 


First line of Hymn. 


Use. 


r»." 


"t. Martina. 


Aetemsmcell gratlam. . . 


St. Raphael. 


Tu quern prae rellquts . 


P- 


9t. John Evang. 
Saturday. Mouna. 


Alma cborus Domini . ... 


Holy Nome. 


Tu rex Rcdemptor . . 


«*. 


Chrietl mater cellcola . . . 


Visit, of n. V. M. 


Tu Trlnitatis unitu (1) 


nL*.r.*.y,#. 


Fri.MatinaCr.t.yj) 


Oorde natus . . . Ipse Junit . 


Christmas. Prime. 


Tu Trinltstis unites £l) 


r«. 


Trinity Sunday. 


Corporis formoun coduci . . 


Christmas, Terce, 


Tuba clarifies plbs . . 


«.* 


Of Marriage. 


De eocro tabernaculo , , , 


Visit, of B. V. M. 


Tunc coelum horrutl et 


f. 


image of our Lard 


Ecce quern vatee .... 


Christmaa, S?xt. 


Tunc ille Judas caTUlfex, 


«*. 


Maundy Thurs. 


Excelsorum clvium incllta 


St. Eaphael. 


Part of "Ilostis He- 






Exultet coelum gaudiis . , 


St. Itaphaet. 


rodes." 






Gaude mater eccleaia , . . 


St Thomas of Hereford. 


Turba refulslt coellca, . 


X. 


St, Blasn. 


Goudet cborus fldelium , . 
In Marlam vitae vijm . , , 


St. Anne. 

Visit, of B. V. M. 


Ultckslhue nos uudlque . 


P- 


Friday. Lauds. 


Justejudex mortuorum . . 


Christmas. None. 


Ultrlx Ipsa sues saevtt , 


P- 


St. Mary of Egypt 






Uncta crux Dei cruore . 




Exalt, and Suscep- 


Pretioaa apleodet Aona . . 


St. Anne. 






tlnn of Crags. 


(Jrios alloquentej .... 


83. Phil. & Jos. [Si port 


Unl ait et trlno Deo , . 


P- 


; )oxology. 




Ancensloneni.) 


Unus bonomtn tons . . 


V- 


SatlTltytCoricpt, [ 


Sanctorum Toeritlsjungat , 


St. Etbelbert. 






of U. V. M. [ 


Venl Creator , , . Moment 


u 


Matlmof B. V. M. 



BBEYIARIES 

12, Monadic Breviariet. — We append a 
further list of first Hues of hymns drawn 
from Monastic Breviaries, We nave omitted 
the first lines of all hymns common to both 
the ftuculur and monastic Service Books, ex- 
cept iik tho case of a few rare hymns the 
wider use of which it seemed imjtortant to 
record. It will bo observed thnt the following 
liymiis are drawn Almost exclusively from the 
Proprinm Sanctorum, Benedictinei Ciat*rcian+ 
Dominican, Franciscan* and Awgudinfan 
Breviaries have boon collated. The following 
editions have bten made use of : — 

(a) BrevLarium Monasttcum secundum ritum Mo* 
uachorum Ordinfa & IfruedktL de observant ia Congre- 
KiUodLs Casiiieu&K alius S< Iturtiuae 4e Padua. Yen*- 
tils mik;t, 

(ft) Broviatium sacrl Ordluis CiBterclensts. ParlsUs 

MDCXV11. 

(c) Brevfarlum wenndum ordlnem S. iKnnluld* Nu- 
rembergae vcjccctxxxv, 

(d.) Offict* Propria satuiurum Onlluis lUinorum, 
Antverpiae MDCcxxrr. 

(eY Breviarium Cirtnslmi Ordinfe. LugduDLMDCXtiTt. 

{/} BreviarLum Augustmianura, ad usum fratram et 
monialbim Grdiois Erenittarum Soncti Angustiul. Ye* 
netiJB kpcclxxxix. 

Tu four specified casca the hymns aredrawn 
from a us. source in ihc British Museum, 



BREVIARIES 



170 



Flvat Uuc of Hymn. : Breviary, 



Ad glorias ad laurcaB , ' 

Ad panem mcdLctim cur- 

rite 
Ad pieces nostra?, del- 

mtls ; 

Adest triumphus nobiIi* j 
Ad£a:e sancti coelltefl ,■ 
Adftunt fcBtajubflea , : 
AeternL Patrts anice* ,: 
Aetcrno regi gloriao , * j 
Agathae sacrae Virginia , j 
Apnea beatae Virginia , ! 
Ahni prophetac. pmge*' 

nies I 

Amor Jeeu dulctaelmo .; 
An»K Christ! roblUs * 

[Ann! rccurso tempore] . 

Apoetolorcm pawlo , ,1 
A postoiorum anpparem , ' 
[Ants ucfandl nundaisj ,1 

[Ascendant nostras pro- 

tinus] 1 

[ABscrtor aeqni turn] J 

BelLator ormls Jnclytns J 
Bernardus decftortucly tun- 
Bernardus inclytis ortna 






/. 

e. c. 
r* 
6. 
b. 
Ik 



b. 

b. 

b. 
b. 
b. 

b. 

b. 

b. 
b. 
b. 



Use. 



St. Thomu Vil- 

| IBQOV. 
Benediction of 

i bread.. 

Sunday lu Lent. 
! Vespers 
St. VeUn JlartvT. 
Relics or All Saluu 
Visit. B. V. M. 
Mt. MaryMigil. 
Invent* of Crnsa, 
^'. Agntna, 
St. Agnes, 
St. Julm Rapt* 

Name uf Jeeus- 

St. John Evang. 
Both feasts. 

PL of " Jean coro- 
na celsior" 

S3. Peter fcl'aul, 

St. L&nrence. 

IH.oT " Agnes boa- 
tae/ J 

Pt. of "MvHterto- 
rnm eignifer." 

Pt. of AlmS pro- 

I photac 

St. Mtrtin. 

,St. llcriiunL 

St. Benmnl, 



CantemuB TJom]ao %ri.n-f r Atbl.XS. 1 &t- Monica. 



dls 
Chrlsto cuuctonm domi 

DAtOT 

Ghristnm rogemun et < 
CbristnA lux lDueucl«iB 
CLar& diei g&udia . « . 
[Clero cUnne et] . . 

Cocleetfo rcgul nnptias . 

Coeu elves ApplAndlte , 
Coell Qdus auublle * < 

Codorum Domtuo dam . 
Coucuut plebft fldelium , 
Creator atme ^dernm 
Crucis armi fo^cnU* . 

Crucla Cbrleti numa . > 

Deems tnoraoi. dux ml- 



300U 

b, 

b. 
b. 
b. 
b. 

/■ 
-/ 

i 



Dedlc. of i Cbitrch 

All &dnfs, 

CorpUB ChtisU. 

St. Aunc. 

Part of "Mala- 
chiaeBolcmnta. 1 ' 

St. Julian* (Fal- 
con). 

St. Anguttlne. 

Commeni. of St. 
Augustine. 

St. FhiUp ZTcti. 

St. Clara. 

Holiest EcdcemAT. 

SUgniaU of St, 
Frauds. 

jSlJKmata of St. 

| Francis. 

iSt, Francis. 



Firai line of Hymn. 



Del Arte qua , . * . 
[Iknoriornm numcroj . 

Dcn» manens priwor- 

dluui 
DLacede corpus lot-lytuDi /. 

Diva uwrtalla jceiieiui . /, 

Divo co^IcpUb patriae * /. 

Diim ChTlatiino purpu- f. 

rata 
l>um praftlo IIrnpttiafl , f. 

Eedffllae flos Renuiiiaua /. 

liu gratulemur hodb , J. 

tn uocda medium . + d„ 

Extelne princep* ota- f* Add. MIS. 

nlum f 30*14 

Exultet clato sidere + 
Exnltet coelum gaodila 

FaUacEs undaa Bacculi , d, 

[Fallax ad patibuluinj + f. 

FloreB 1 populi, fundi le 

Gaud* ftlix Ungarla, . 

Gande mater eccleslam 

lactam 
Gcnerat vlrgo flliaa , * d, 

IIopK tuae virgo monti- c; 

menta 

Hie crt dies vcnin ♦ . 6. ** 

[Ilic locua pomp^J , , b. 

Hue rcgcB oplbus. . * f. 

HyDinnm dlcamns Do- fc 

rauio 

Rymmtni fcetlvacglfiriac 
llymDum novae laeiltiae 

inumtaana altlealme 

In co«l*«tL wlkgio . , ri. 

in divlnta operLbiifl , + fr, 

[In prlndplo eratj » , &l 

In prnfuiKU noctls . . /. 

Incljti patrcB JJomiuac- /. 

quo 

Incola abruptae rigidun . /, 

Inopem canamus I>irta- d. 

cum 

Integrum vitao scclcria- /, 

f|ue 

Intendc CixA re^ia Israel . 6. 

[In* rat CJaterdiim cum] 6. 

Inrictus hero namlnis . /. 

Ite matriB oera nostrae . /. 

Ite macrores auJmi . . f. 

Jam dJ«i lungo revolcU 

Jam fasces Itc-tor feint . /. 

Jam ferox miles tlbL 

Jam nlmig tcrrls facLnns f* 

Jam EcgLna diacnbult . fl. 
Jam purgit. hor* . . . b. 

Jam toto snbltua vesper /* 

Jam Ins wra mcntJum . 

KatherJniB collandemna 

Lacta stnpct Tbutingla < 

tAudatideltaconcin . < 
Lauda mater ecciesla 
LandibflB vivos resomsnt 



UrevUry, 



U». 



Lent. Terco. 
Pt. of ^Hymnum 

dlcamusv" 
Transflg. Lands, 

rrans. or JSt. Au- 
gnstjuc, 

St. ijanreinre Jus- 
tinian. 

Kt. John a &Fa- 

CUUdQ. 

1st Trans, uf St. 

AuRVBtiue. 
2nd Trans, of St. 

Augustine, 
tiommem. <jf St. 

Nicholas (Tul.). 
St. Anthony. 

St. Gabriel. 
St. Monica, 

St, Peter Martyr, 
tt>nv, of St. Pauf, 

St. Didacus, 

I*U of ^ Post Pot^ 

rum/* 
St. Jlippoiytufl. 

St. EUiabetU of 

Hungary. 
St. DumfDic. 

St. Clara. 

St. Katharine. 

Eastertide. 

Pt. of "Christ* 

cuuctflrnm," 
^ornmem. of Kt. 

Thomas (Vill.> 
Ho*y Cross. Ctowji 

of Thorns* Pas- 

slon.Lde. 
Visit, of B, V. M. 
St. Domtntc. 

KjiJpb. Vosihtb 

and LAUdB. 
St, KrancLa. 
iVurpUB CbrislJ. 
Pt of " Amort 

CluiBii." 
St. Jobn Ncpomuc 
Seven Founders 

Ord. Sorv, 
St. William (Fob, 

in), 
SL Dfdacufl. 

Commem, of ML 
Thomas (VUL). 

ChriBtmastidfl. 

Pt. of " BemnrduB 
incljtls/ F 

St.Jfjhn Ncpomuc. 

1 ranfl* of (ft. Mo- 
nica. 

St. Mcbnlaa (To- 
lent.), 

St. Justina, 

St H John Nepomuc 

St. Katbarlue. 

Seven Founders 
Ord. Serv. 

St, Bernard. 

HiJyAVcck. T#rco 

Seven Dflours, 
lk V. M. 

St, Anthony. 

St, Katbarliio. 

St, Ellrflhplb of 

Hungary. 
Crown of Jesus. 
St* Mary Magd, 
St. Benedict. 



180 



BBEVIAHIEB 



BBEVIAEIES 



Flnt 11m of Hymn. 



Breviary. 



L&udibus summus cele- 

bremus 
LsudlbuB vlrgo nlmis . 
Lausregl ptenageudlo . 
Lingua peug&t et * . 
Lucia hujus fasta . , 
Lumen In terrlB * . . 

Magtster orbis maxima . 
Magnae dies UetltiM (1) 
Magnae diet Uetitlse (2) 
Mague pater Augustine 
Magna Vincentl hot* . 
Magnl parentis plaudite 

Magnum salutls geu- 

dinm (1) 
Magnum salutls gau- 

dFum (2) 
Malachite solemnit votis 
Martlne par Apostolla 
Martyria Christ! colimus 
tfenbejocuiKUjnbllciit . 
Mcatibna laetls juMlcmua 
Muudl creator maxima . 

Mundi redemptor optimc 
MyBterium ecclcnlac . 
[MyBterium mlrabile] , 

Mysterlornm slgnifer . 

Noctu dum Ncrlus . . 
[ITon illain crucians]. . 

Novum sidus In suncmia 
Noyus athleta Domini 



Clara luce clarior * 
O deous coell simul . 

feminarmn gloria . 
[O grande cuuctis] . 

O muter imgUBtlBsfnu 

[O praefeienda gloria] 

O sole, Jesu, clarler . 
O Trinttas Uudablli* 

O vita, Jesu, eordium 
vos unanlm^s . . 
Uptatua votls omnium 
Orbis exultans celebiet 
Originate crimen nccana 

Psngimue Ncrlo deblU 
Pange lingiu riorii>H*c(1 _ 
pange MnguagiorioHac (2) 
l*uGhaliJut>tIu sonent . 
rastarem canlmiu i gre* 
Paupcrum potrisuncr . 
llamater et humlha, , 

Plsude fcatlvo pfa , . 

F Lands lingo* glortnsum . 

FLsude turb* paupercula 
[Poonsa cucumttortiter] 

Post Petrum primdm 
Post trtdnwn jubsub . , 

Fraeclsra neptem lumlna 

Prasaens dies expendatur 
Praesulis dlguoa merltls. 



d. 

c. 

ft.*. 



c. 
f. 

b. 

b. 

6. 



d, 

f.Aitd. MS. 

30014 

(I. 

i.e. 

b. 



ft. 

f. AM U.S. 
30011. 

k 



PrtttuL-EutlL fldui rut], 

luuqtie 
[ProcedU e UuUmo] 

Procul phalange* hoeticu 



[ProAuu dtu 

ret] 
prolw de coelo prodllt , 



f l 



d. 
/■ 



Has. 



1 



a. 

0. 

ft. 



/. 

/. 

b. 

a. 



St. Nicholas (To- 

lent.). 
St. Katharine. 
St. Anthony. 
Visit, of B. T. M. 
8t. Anne. 
St. Vincent. 

St. Augustine. 
St. Peter Martyr. 
Visit, of B. V. M. 
St. Augustine. 
St. Vincent. 
2nd Trans, of St. 

Augostlnc. 
St. Miry Magd. 

Palm Sunday. 

St. Malechy. 
St. Martin. 
St. I^uiT^nce. 
St. Vincent. 
St. Oibrlel. 
St. Nicholas (To- 

lcnt.>. 
St. Dldacus. 

a v, m. 

Pt. of "IIlc eat 

dice." 
St. Michael. 



St. Philip Neri. 
t't. of "Martmae 

eclebrt." 
St. Anne. 
St. Dominic. 



St. Clara. 

St. Laurence Jus- 
tiuian. 

St. Monica. 

Pt, of " Optotus 
votls." 

Tr»na. of St. Mo- 
nica. 

Pt, of "Stcphsui 
primi.'* 

Name of Jesus. 

Holy Trinity, 

Name of Jesus. 
Relics of All Saints 
Ascenslon-tlde. 
St. Anne. 
Invent, of Cross. 

St. Philip Neri. 

St. Katharine. 

Lance & Nails, 
ice & NailB, 

St. Thomas (Vill.) 

St.Thomu(V)ll.) 

Com. of uon- Vir- 
gins. 

Appar. of Image 
ofRV. M. 

Commen. of St. 
Augustine. 

St. Francla. 

Pt.of "Deus tuo^ 
rum mllitnm.^ 

St. Andrew. 

Pt. of "Apostolo- 
rumsupparem.'* 

Seven founders 
Ord. Serv. 

St. Kathariuc. 

St. Laurence f Jus- 
tin). 

St. Stmplician 

Pt. of "Intende 

qui." 
St. William (Feb. 

m). 
PL of "Bellator 

annla.'* 
St. Francis, 



Fint Una of Hymn. 



Qua Chrletua hor» 
Qulcquid autiqul * , 
Qoieumque certum quae- 

litis 
Qnocunqoe pergis Tlrgi- 

nes 

[Ramos virentee aunipse 

rat]_ 
Sex Christ* Martini . 
Bex semptteroe Donune. 
Rusticiun solo Benedicte 

[Sacii junguutui uteri] 

Salve crux sancta 
[Slsti Jubet msrtyiem] 

Solenmitaa fld^lium . 
Spcs orbis, o fldiaaun* 

StepoanE prtml Martyris 

[Sterlll ventre prins] 

Summi parentis Alio, 

Te canunt omneaNicolae 



[To Chrlste rex plisstmej 

Te ferant linguae eele 

brentqiie 
Teruis ter boris . . . 
Tot lacryrnarum flliua . 
[Traduntur ignl mar- 

tyres] 

Urbs alma anmmo • 



Venlt redemptor gentium 
Verbum fiupemum pro- 

dlcns salvare, 
[Vere gratia plena] . 

[Verso crucis vcatiglo] 

Virgtnem divua rupnit 
Virginia sacri redeunt 
Virtutis Lieros maxlme 

Vlx In sepulchre conditur 



Breviary. 



a. i. 
a. 



e. 
ft. 

«. 
/■ 

b. 
b. 

/■ 
f. 



b. 
f. 



f. 
ft. 

/. 



/- 
b.t. 

ft. 

a. 
a. 
/• 

/. 



Lent. Sext. 
St. Benedict. 
Sacred Heart. 

Pt. of *' Jesn corona 
Tlrglnum," 

Pt. of "Mignuin 

salutls." 
St. Murtln. 
Easter. 
St. Benedict. 



Vie. 



' Ads ant 



Pt. of 

fcsta." 
Invent, of Orccs, 
Pt. of " Agatuss 

sacrae." 
St. Anus. 
Oommem. of St, 

Nicholas (Tol.). 
St. Stephen. Both 

fSAStS. 

Pt. of " Orbis ex- 

ultana," 
Sacred Heart. 

fl ) Canonisation of 
St. Nicholas [To- 
ieut.). 

SJFeartofdltto. 
3l Benediction of 
Bread. 
Pt. of " Jesu co- 
rona celelor." 
St. Monica. 

Lent. None. 
St. Mouica. 
Pt, of "Aeterat 
Christt munera." 

Canonization of St. 
Nicholas (To- 
lent.). 

Christmas. 

Lance *nd Nails. 

Pt. or " Mysterium 

Ecclesiae," 
Pt. of " Ajwetolo- 

rum paasio. N 
St. JubHus, 
St. Justlua. 
St. John iS.Fi- 

cundo. 
St, John Nepomuc, 



13. In the above list several hymns already 
given in the former list are repeated, as in- 
dicated above ; and Pivset and Sequences s^re 
omitted, together with many hymns peculiar 
to local Breviaries or found in works of an- 
other kind, and those specially associated with 
Ihe ancient Hymnartei, and with MittaSs. 
For tliese lists Bee Hymnarium, Miwah, and 
Sequences, and the Oro&t'Beferenee Index. We 
may note that some of the hymns in the Moz- 
arabic Breviary are of great length. That 
for St. Eulalia'e Day (Deo. lOlooDsists of forty* 
five stanzas of five lines, and that for St Vin- 
cent's Day (Jan. 22) of seventy-three stanzas 
of four lines each. 

14. Tho great bulk of the above Hymns are 
unknown in English dress, or in the vernacular 
of the various countries where they are now or 
have been once in use. But in recent years 
English reaiiers have become acquainted with 
many translations from the Motarabic, Aaibro- 
tt'ttn, aiiA York Breviaries, by various liands ; 
the Soman by Bp. Bfont, W. J. Copeland, and 
E. Caswall ; the jSarum by J. M. Neale and 
J. D. Chambers; and tho I'arit by I, Williams, 



BEBWEB, JEHOIADA 

J. Ohundler, and J. D. Chambers. These 
translators, however, have not in every in- 
stance restricted themselves to Breviaries only. 
In common with W. J. Blew, St. Campbell, 
E. F. LitUedale, J. Ellerton, J. W. Hewett, 
A. M. Morgan, H. M. Maogill, and others, they 
have gathered their treasures from various and 
Widely scattered sources. [F. E W.] 

Brewer, Jelwiada, the " Bylvestris " of 
the Gospel Magazine, 1776, &c, was b. at New- 
port, Monmouthshire, in 1752. He was edu- 
cated for commercial pursuits, but subsequently 
became a Congregational Minister, and as such 
was pastor at Rodborough, Gloucestershire; at 
Sheffield, to whicb he went in 1783 ; nt Care's 
Lane Chapel, Birmingham (1798) ; and at 
the Livery Street Chapel, in the same town. 
He d. Aug. 24, 1817. A Memoir of him ap- 
peared in the Evangelical Begitter, 1885, p. 
396. His best-known hymn is — "Hail, Sove- 
reign Lore, that first began " (q. v.). 

Bride of the Lamb, awake, awake. 

Sir E. Denny. [Advent.] 1st appeared in Hyt. 
for the Poor of Vie Flock, eir. 1837-8, No. 128, 
in 7 st. of i 1. : again iu his Sel. of Hys , 1839, 
No. 332 ; and again in hid Hys. and Poems, 
1848, p. 36. In the last work it is entitled, 
"The Church cheered with the hope of her 
Lord's return." In 1855 it was included in 
Dr. Walker's Cheltenham Coll., No. 389, and 
in 1872 in Snepp's S. of G. and G. In Ken- 
nedy, l863,it is given iu3st.of 8 1. It is also 
found in a few American collections. 

Bride of the Lamb, rejoice, rejoice. 

Bit E. Denny. [Advent.'] This companion 
hymn to the foregoing, "Bride of the Lamb, 
awake, awake," was given in Ids Hys. and 
Poors, 1848, p. 38-9, in 6 st of 4 1. From 
thence it passed into Dr. Walker's Cheltenham 
Coll, 1855, and into Snepp's 8. of G. and G., 
1872. 

Bridgman, Isaac. In the year 1823, at 
which time he was Curate of Trinity Church, 
Forest of Dean, a pamphlet controversy arose 
as to his dismissal from the curacy. Subse- 
quently be joined the Congregationalists, and 
became the Minister of St John's Chapel, 
Walworth. For that congregation ho pub. ;— 

Six Hundred Hynxnti Sacred GantteUi,*uUcte& and 
composed by Isaac Bridgman, Lend., 1930. 

This collection contains 609 hymns. His 
"dying experience" was pub. in 1847, and a 
volume of Itiscellanies iu 1848. He was b. 
1790, and d. July 5, 1846. Iu Snepp's 3. of 
G. and G., his hymn, "Behold the Saints of 
God," is dated 1830. It is No. 44 in the Coll 
of 1836. [W. T. B.] 

Bridges, Matthew, youngest s. of John 
Bridges, Wallington House, Surrey, and brother 
of thoBev. Charles Bridges, author of An Ex- 
position of the exix. Psalm, b. at The Friars, 
Muldon, Essex, July 14, 1800, and educated in 
Iho Church of England, but subjsequentlv con- 
formed to the Church of Eonie. Hiswoiisin- 
olude, Babbicombe, or Vision* of Memory, with 
other Poems, 1842 ; Hymn* of the Heart, 1848 
(enlai-gcd in 1852) ; and The Passion of Jesus, 
1852, besides some prose productions, From 
the Inst two works bis hymns found in com- 
mon nse aro taken, the greater number being 
from Hymn* of the Heart, Besides the hymns 



BRIGHT AS THE SUN'S 181 

in use in G. Britain, as, " Behold the Lamb ; " 
" My God, accept my heart this day," and 
others, the following, all of which were pub. 
in 1848, are found in several American collec- 
tions, to which they were introduced mainly 
through the Rev. H. W. Beecher's Plymouth 
CoU., 1855:— 

1. Bright were tbe mornings first impearl'd. At Hu 
grave of Lazarus. 

3. Head of toe hosts in glory. All Saints. From this 
is derived H Armies of God 3 in union," which Is given 
In Huns American collections. 

3. 1», He comes with clouds descending (q. v.). 

4. Else, glorious Conqueror, rise. jticatiJon. 

G. Soil not thy plumage, gentle dove. Morning. 

Of late years Mr. Bridges has resided in the 
Province of Quebec, Canada. [J, JJ 

Brigg, Julius, b. at Leeds, 1840, is the 
youngest son of John Newsom Brigg, woollen 
merchant, of that town, and an earnest worker 
in Sunday Schools, in connection with which 
ho wrote numerous hymns and poems. Mr. 
Julius Brigg entered the Wesleynn Ministry 
in 1864, since which time he has been engaged 
in full circuit work. His contributions to 
hymnody include the following hymns : — 

1, Pather, from Thy throne in glory. Sunday S. 
Sflsacteri. Written in October, 186], to be sung at tbe 
Annual Meeting of the Wcs. 8. S, Touchers of Leeds. It 
was pub. In tbe Wth. S. S. It. Jik., ISIS, The Gulden 
Harp S. 8. If. Uk., and others. 

I. Lord of angels, pure and holy. Divine Worship. 
A hymn for children written tit Match, 1871, and in. 
tluded In the Jteth. S. S. H. Bk., mis. 

8, Jriendi of truth and liberty. ZtajMrortce. 
Dated Sept., lt*72> and given in the Wesleyau Temper- 
ance H. and Sings, Iat7. 

4, Tin many are not always right, Fbr Bands of 
Boptr Written in June, 1ST6* and included In various 
Temperance hymnals, and in Steveuscn'a Sch. Uy. 188U. 

i. If every little sunbeam. Temperance, Dated 
Oct., isrr, and pub. In the Wesleyau 7cmperance S. 
and Songs tbe same year. 

6. Again we meet in gladness, s. S. Anniversary. 
Written in '1880, and 1st pub. In Btevensoii'a SeHoot 
Hymnal, tbe eame year. 

Outside of hymnody Mr. Brigg has written 
somewhat extensively for the Wesley an Maga- 
zines. He d. April 18, 1893. [J. J.] 

Bright and joyful is the morn. J. 

Montgomery. [Christmas.'] This popular hymn 
was contributed to tlio 8th ed. of Cotterill's 
Sel, 1819, No. 213, in 4 nt. of *]., and repeated 
in Montgomery's Christian Psalmist, 1825, No. 
489, and his Orig. Hymns, 1853, No. 17. Its 
use is somewhat extensive, both in G. Britain 
and America. The original text is usually 
given; but sometimes st. iii., 1. 2, reads, " Christ, 
th* Incarnate Deity," for "The Incarnate 
Deity." It is sometimes dated 1825, in error. 

Bright as the sun's meridian blaze, 

W.Shmbsole.jun. [.Missions.] Written for the 
first meeting of tbe London Missionary So- 
oietv, and dated Aug. 10, 1735 (Fathers and 
Founders of the L, M. Sac., 1844). It subse- 
quently appeared in the Evangelical Magazine, 
Sept., 17115, in 6 st. of 4 1„ entitled, "On the 
intended Mission," " O send out Tliv light and 
Thy truth," Ps. iliii. 3, and signed'" Junior." 
Although thus printed anonymously, it " was 
dnly acknowledged by Mr. Shrubsole in his 
lifetime, and the original hs., with numerous 
corrections, is in the possession of bis family, 
in his own autograph." (Singers and Songs, 
p. 3260 It was included in some of the older 



182 



BRIGHT QUEEN 



collections, and is still in C. U. in G. Brit, find 
America. Orig. text in Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 504. 

Bright Queen of heaven, H.Vaaghan. 
[B. V, Mary.] A poem in 4 st. of 4 L, entitled 
" The Knot," which appeared in Pt ii. of his 
SiUx Scintillam, or Sacred Poem*, &c, 2nd ed., 
165a, end again in the Rev. H. F. Lyte's reprint 
of tlie same, Lond., Pickering 1847 and 188:1. 
In its original form it is not in common use ; 
bat as "Bright Queen of taint*" it U found in 
the People') H., 1867, No. 193. Orig. text in 
the Aldine ed. of Vaughan, 1883. 

Bright shadows of true rest. H. 
Vaughan. [Sunday*^] From the 1st port of 
au Silex Sauiillans, 1660, where it is headed 
"Son-Days." It is In 3 st of 81., and has been 
reprinted in the modern editions of Vaughan's 
work, as also in various selections of sawed 
poetry. In Dr. Martineau's Hyt. of P. and 
Praise, 1873, it is No. 783. Orig. text, Aldine 
od. of Vaughan, London, 1883, p. 87. 

Bright the vision that delighted. 
Bp, B. Mant. [Holy Trinity.'} This original 
hymn, one of several, was given in his Ancient 
Hymns, &c, 1837, No, 100, in 4 st. of 8 J„ add 
headed " Hymn commemorative of the ' Thrice 
Holy ' "(ed. 1871,p. 216). It is rarely given in 
its full form, at iii. being usually omitted, ob in 
the H. Comp., No. 34. The most striking 
arrangementof the hymn is that beginning with 
the second half of the first stanza, " Round the 
Lord in glory seated," with the first half of the 
second stanza ns a refrain. This is given in 
Turing's CoU., No. 413, and is a most beautiful 
cen to. Another form, beginning with the same 
line, is in the Irish Church Hymnal, No. 224. 
It is composed of st. i., 1. 5-8, iL, iii. 1. 5-8, and 
iv. T. Darting, In his Hymns for the Ch. of 
England, 1874, No. 110, has a cento in 4 st of 
4 1., as " Near the Lord in glory seated." In 
the ed. 1886, No. 160, another cento is substi- 
tuted, beginning with st i. [J. J.] 

Bright was the guiding star that led, 
Harriet Amber. [Epiphany.] 1st pub. in her 
Spirt* of the Psalm*. 1829, p. 142, in 4 si of 
41. In America it has attained to a much 
greater popularity than in G. Britain, being 
fonn d in many collections, sometimes attributed 
to the Rev. H. F. Lylo, and again to Miss 
G. Elliott Orig. text in Lord Selborne'a Bh 
of Praise. 1862-7, p. 46, and Dr. Hatfield's 
Church H. Bk., 1872, No. 363. 

Bright, "William, n.n, b. at Doncaeter, 
Dec 14, 1824, and educated at University 
College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. (first 
clnss in Lit. Ham.') in 1846, m.a. in 1849. In 
1847 he was Johnson's Theological Scholar: 
and iu 1848 he also obtained the Ellerton 
Theological Essay prize He was elected 
Fellow in 1847, and subsequently became 
Tutor of his College. Taking Holy Orders 
in 1848, he was for some time Tutor at Trinity 
College, Glenalmond ; but iu 1859 he returned 
to Oxford, and in 1868 became Regius Pro- 
fessor of Ecclesiastical History and Canon of 
Christ Church. His publications include : — 

{1) Ancient CoUectt, tetKttd from varioue Rituats, 
IBS*. 8nd ed., 1SSJ; (2) Jfiitory of the Church from the 
Ktfct «/ Milan to the Councilor CftefcaJtm, 1SS0 ; (3) 
Sermon* of St. Leo the Great on the Incarnation, trans- 
lated, whii nob*, 1B62; (4) Faith and Life, 1864-SSi 
IS) Chaptert of Sariy SngUih Church Biitory, 191 1; 
(«} Private Prayer* for a Week; iii family Prayeri 



BRIGHTLY DID THE 

for a Week : (8) Sota on the Oan/mt of the Pint four 
OnmcUt. HeUs»«l»edlt«l (9)JfuKirf4u'£fcd<!naj«aiJ 
mtUny.lSIi; (lQ)St.AthaMuliti'tOraticmas<tiatttti 
Ar^nt.t^., IM3-, (11) Socrate^SecUtiattical JIM.; (It) 
with the Rev. P. O. Medd, Latin Vernon of the Prayer 
Book, H6S-S9. Hispoeticat worttssre, (1*) Athanattiu 
and/ither Poemt, bya Fetlovuff a College, 1858 ; and (H) 
Eymnt * Other Poemt,l$tt; revised and enlarged, 18Tt 

The last two works contain origiaat hymns 
and translations. To the hymn-books he is 
known through his original compositions-seven 
of which are given in the revised ed, of B. A. 
and M., and some are found elsewhere. In 
addition to "And now the wants are told," 
and "At Thy feet, O Christ, we lay'' (q.v.), 
there are : — 

1. And now, O Father, niadfel of the 1st*. Holy 
Communion. Pub. in H. A. A Jf, 1STG, Part of a 
compuaitlon In hia ^nna, etc. 

t. Sahald ui, Lord, before Hiee mat- Gonfirwtatian. 
Printed In the Monthly Packet, Kov, MOT.aos, In a re- 
vised ioim, tn the Appendix to H. A. *JT, ll&B. 

i, 'Barer eft, Lord, Xhv flue bath 1110110. &. 
Oiomoe. Pub. in If, A. A Jr., 1ST*. 

4. One*, only obis*, and one* for all. Bob) Qmuut. 
nion. Written in 1B65, and pub. In his fljymnr, fcc, 
1868, In t, st. of t 1. It woe given in the Appendix to 
jr. A. * X., 188S ; the new ed., 1818, and several other 
collections. 

i, W( know Thse, Who Then art Prayer after 
Pardon. Written in 1865, and pub. in his Hymu, ax., 
18S8, hi B et. of i 1. It was Inclndad in the Appendix 
to H. A. it if, 1888, hx. 

Canon Brlght's hymns merit greater atten- 
tion than thoy have received at the hands of 
compilers. He d. March 6, 190J . [J. J.] 

Bright with all His crowns of glory. 
Sir E. Denny, Bart. [Christ in Glory.'] Pub. in 
the Hyt. for the Poor of the Flock, 1838, 
No. 143, and his Sel. of Hyt., 1830, No. 333, 
and again in his By*, and Poem*, 1848, p. 53, 
in 4 st. of 6 1., and entitled " The King on His 
throne." It is a spirited hymn and worthy of 
more extended use than is accorded to it. In 
1867 it was re-written in 3 st. for *he People'* H. 

Brightest and best of the sons of the 
morning. Bp.B.HebtT. [Epiphany.'] 1st 
pub, in the Christian Obterver, Nov. 1811, 
p. 697, in 5 st. of 4 L (the last being the first 
repeated); and again in Ms posthumous 
Bijmne, &c., 1827, p. 25. Few hymns of merit 
have troubled compilers more than this. Borne 
have held that its tiso involved the worshipping 
of a star, whilst others have been offended with 
its metre as being too suggestive of a solemn 
dance. Cotterili gave it in the 8th ed., 1819, 
of his Sel, and omitted it from the 9th, 1820 : 
and Elliott, following the example in detail, 
had it in his 1st cd. Ps. and Bye., 1835, 
and dropped it from the 2nd, whilst others 
have done much the same. It has, however, 
survived these changes, and has become one of 
the most widely used of Uie Bishop's hymns. 
In the American Presbyterian Pt. A Hm. for 
the Worship of God, Richmond, 1867, No. 69, 
it is given in an altered form as "Hail the 
blest morn I see the Great Mediator," end 
attributed in the Index to Tate an/l Brady. 
Tho Rev. R. Binglinm has given a "'Latin ren- 
dering in his Hymno. Chriet hat., 1871; 
"Stella, mienns coelo nitido magis omnibus 
una." [J. J.j 

Brightly did the light divine. H. 
Alford. fSi. Barnabas.] In Dean Alfard's 
Poetical Works, 1863, this hymn is dated 1844, 
although it is not found in his Pa, and Hys. of 
that jear. In the musical ed. of his Tear of 



BBIUHTLY GLEAMS OUR 

Praise, it is given as 1845; but in the ed. of 
words oul; it is undated. la the revised ed. 
of If. A. & If., 1875, it is in an unaltered form. 

Brightly gleams our banner. T. J. 
Fatter. [Processional.] This hjmii, which has 
attained to great popularity, is found in various 
forms, the most widely used of which are : — 

1. The original, nhlcb appeared, with music, In The 
Holy family Hymns, 16S0, No. 6, in 8 Bt. of SI., soda 
chorus of 4 I. This Is distinctly Roman in ever; way, 
as will be gathered from at. 111. and v., which read 



BROOKE, S. A. 



183 



(III.) Mary, Mother, Ave 

Israel's lily hall ! 
Comfort of thy children 

In this sinful vale. 
'Mid life's surging ocean, 

Wbttber shall we flee. 
Save, stainless Virgin, 

Mother, unto thee f 



(v.) Jesus! Mary! Joseph! 

Sweet and holy Three I 
List the praise we pay you 

On our bonded knee. 
May we sing your glory 

in gb>d realms above; 
Bound for ever to you. 

By the bonds of love,*" 



This text la repeated lu numerous Roman Catholic 
hymnals lor schools and millions, and maybe consulted 
without any difficulty. 

5. The text as in the Peoft^t ff., IBM, No. 1, was 
given in Walker's Am. to the Hymnal jr., 1B63. This 
is the nearest approach to the original, but la not In ex- 
tensive uee. 

3. The third and most popular text is that which ap- 
peared in the 186* App. to Borrell a/nd Bow, and was 
repeated in the Asp, to H. A. and M., 1BS8. In this the 
only portions of the original which are retained are stl, 
and 1L (with considerable alterations) and the chorus, 
which is simply the opening lines repeated. 

1. In the 4pp. to the 8. P. C. K. Pi. and Byi., 18*8, 
Ko. til, this text is distinguished by the third etsrae, 
"Pattern of our childhood/' be. It was repeated in 
Church Byt., 1811, Mrs. Brock's CkildTtn't B. Bk., UN, 
Taring's Oil., 1882, and many others. It has less of the 
original than any other arrangement of the hymn, and 
ranks next in extcnBlreners of use to that In B. A. and 
M. Mr. Ellerton's note to this hymn In the folio ed. of 
Chvtxh Hut. is In error by trsnspanlng the Uumi which 
be quotes. 

6. The American use of this hymn inanyfbrmisvery 
limited. In Rlchards'« amnio/ Chriitian Praitt,1$.Y., 
18S0, No. 4D4. we have st.l., 11. and iv, and in Stryker 
and Main's Church Praite Bk., N.Y., 1S82, Ho. WO, et. 
I., 111., and v. from No. 4 as above. 

Although in some hymnals slight changes of 
these varying texts may be found, yet they ore 
the generally accepted forms of the hymn. 
Taken together its use is very extensive ; the 
revised versions, however, far outnumbering 
the original in use. [J. J.] 

Bring the glossy branch, unfading. 
T. Davis. [Christmas.'] Pub. in his Devo- 
tional Verse for a Month, 1855, in 5 st. of 8 I,, 
and entitled "Christmas Day." In 1877 it 
was republished in his Annus JSanetus, but 
omitted from Ids Hys. Old and New. 1864. It 
has been set to music by W. H. Havergal. In 
1870 Snepp gave, in his Songg of O. and O., 
No. 198, st. ii., iii.and v. slightly altered, ns: — 
"Jesus, from the skies descending." 

BronW, Anne, sister of Charlotte, and 
danghtcr of the Rev. Patrick Bronte', b.a., 
Vicar of Hn worth, Yorkshire, b. at Thornton, 
near Bradford, 1810 ; d. Slay 28, 1840. Anne 
Bronte* was joint author with her sisters of a 
small volume of Poems, 1816, and personally 
of jlones Grey, 1 847 ; and The Tenant of Wild- 
fell Mall, 1847, her nom de frfume being Aeton 
Sell. In 1851 a new edition of Withering 
Height*, by Ellis [Emily] Bell; and Agnes 
Grey, by Acton [Anne] Bell, was edited, with 
biographical notes, and selections from their 
papers by their tieter, Charlotte Brontrf. 
These select iotta consisted of poems and hymns 
by the two si=ter*. From those of Anne the 
following have come into C. U. : — 



1. 1 hoped that with th* bravo and strong. Time 
of Sorrow. A hymn of much plaintive beauty, 
wrung from the writer by disappointment and 
affliction. It is in several collections, as Horder's 
Cong. Hys., 1884, ttc 

S. sty Ood, let me call The* mine. Lent, 
Also very plaintive, but not so extensively in use. 
It is No. 291 in the Bap. Hymnal, 1879. 

9, Oppressed with sia aad -*«. Confidence. 
The most popular, although not the best of her 
hymns. It is in many collections, both in Q. 
Britain and America. 

4. spirit of truth, be Than my duide, Spirit of 
Truth. In a few hymnals, including Dr. Mar- 
tinenu's Hys. of P. # Prayer, 1873. [J. J.] 

Brooke, Btopford Augustus, m.a„ was 

b. at Letterkeimy, Donegal, Nov. 14, 1832, and 
edncated at Trimly College, Dublin, gradua- 
ting d.a. 1836 ; m.a. 1838. lie carried off the 
Downs: 8 prize and the Vice-Chancellor's prize 
for English verse. On taking Holy Orders he 
was successively Curate of Bt. Matthew's, 
Marylebone, 1857-59; of Kensington, 1860- 
63; Chaplain to the British Embassy at Berlin, 
1863-65; Minister of St Jamoss Chapel, 
York Street, London, 1886-75; and of Bed- 
ford Chapel, 1876. He was also appointed 
Chaplain in Ordinary to the Queen, in 1872. 
In 18135 he publislted the Idfe and Letters of 
the late F. W. Robertson ; in 1874, Theology in 
the English PoeU ; in 1876, Primer of English 
Literature, Ac. On seceding from the Church 
of England in 1881, he pub. for the use of bis 
congregation, Christian Hymns,u, collection of 
269 pieces. Of these he id tbo autlior of: — 

I, Immortal Love, within Whose righteous will. 

Resignation and .Prayer for Guidance. No. 183, In 4 
st. of 1 1. It has a strong likeness to Card. Newman's 
" Lead, kindly light," la in tbo same metre, and might 
be called a companion bymm thereto. It was repeated 
In Horder's Cong. Hyt., ISM. 

ft. It tell upon a summer day, chriit Mating 
little etohlren. No. MO, In 10 st. of 4 L 

5. It is nnishsd, all the pain, Good Friday. 
No. BO, In 8 st, of 4 L 

4, Let the whole ereatlon ery. Imitation to 
Praite Ood. An Imitation of Ps. 149. It Is No. 41, In 
in at. of 4 L, and la of special merit. In at. iv., 11, 3, 4 
are from another source. 

(. Hystericus Spirit, unto Whom. Jtett and Joji 
fa God. Based on a tr. by J. G. Whtttler from Lamur- 
Une. It la No. 159, in 3 at. of 8 I. It was repeated in 
Horder's Cong. Ayr., 1SS4. 

6. How that day its wing* has failed. Evening. 
Mo. 13, Ins st. of 4 I. 

7. Ood, Whose love is near. Divine protection 
desired. Ko. 103, In 1 st. of 4 1, This is Toplndy's 
"Your harps, ye trembling Saints" re-wrltten, only st. 
I. and iv. being absolutely oy Mr. Biooke. 

ft. t&at Thou wauld'at the heavens rend And 
eemfoit, fee, Ptaee attired. Ho. 149, In 4. st. of 4 1. 
The first line Is from C. Wesley; alsoet. II., 1. 4, hut the 
rest of the hymn Is original. 

9. Who ia thia that on a tree. ff««i Friday. 
No. 19, In 8 st. of 4 1. 

10, Oft aa we run the weary way. Bijavenls 
WUnetKttjf the lirugglei qfMm. No, las, infl st. of S 1. 

II. Still the night, holy the night. Chriitmai 
Carol. No. 61, In 3 st of 8 1. It la a tr, from the Ger- 
man, and Is noticed under Kohr, Joseph. 

lft. Through the atarry midnight dim. Chritt* 
mat. No. S3, in 6 st. of 3 1., and the refrain "Halle- 
lujah." 

IS. Whsn the Lord of lVove waa here. .I^ftof 
Christ No, Be, in e st. of 4 1, It has passed Into rfe 
Noti£ood Hymnat; and with the omission of st. vl, 
and the transposition of st. Iv. and v. Into Horner's 
Qtmg. Bft.,i9»i. 'This Is his flout hymn. 



184 



BBUOKE, W. T. 



In addition, Mr. Brooke baa made extensive 
alteration* in the text of the bynins which he 
has adopted from otlier writers, and baa also 
inserted in many instances additional stanzas 
into well-known lyrics, and thereby brought 
them* to some extent, into harmony with his 
theological views. His own compositions are 
marked by great freshness of thought and 
tenderness of expression. [W. 6. H.] 

Brooke, William Thomas, b. Jan. 9, 
1846, and educated at the City of London 
School. After entering commercial life he felt 
a warm interest in hymnology, and from his 
intimate acquaintance with Daniel Sedgwick 
he gradually learnt all that Sedgwick had to 
teach. His hymns and translations were con- 
tributed to religious newspapers and periodi- 
cals. Many are still unpublished, but hymns 
of his will be found in the Monthly Packet, 
1872 ; the Mefhoditt S. S. Hymnal, 1879; the 
Methodist Hymn* for MUtions, 1882 : his own 
Churchman*! Manual of Priv. and Fam. Dew- 
Hon, 1682 ; and in the Altar Hymnal, 1881. 
Following in Sedgwick's steps, he has authen- 
ticated the texts and authorship for several 
compilations (e.g.) Methodist S S. H. Bk , 1679; 
the Cong. Bk. of Praitefor Children, 1881, and 
others. Originally a Baptist, he became in 
1867 a member of the Church of England. 

Brooks, Charles Timothy. An Ame- 
rican Unitarian Minister, b. at Salem, Mass., 
June 20, 1813, and graduated ut Harvard, 
1832, and t)ie Divinity School, Cambridge, 
U.S., 1835. In that year he began his ministry 
at Nahaut, subsequently preaching at Bangor 
and Augusta (Maine), Windsor (Vermont). 
In 1837 he become paster of Newport, Rhode 
Island, and retained the same charge until 
1871, when he resigned through ill-health. 
For details concerning his hymn, " God bless 
our native land," see Gel save the Xing and 
p. 1566 i. [F, M. B.] 

Brother, now thy toils are o'er. G. 
Moultrie. {Burial J Written during the sing- 
ing of a requiem in the Church of St. Nicholas, 
Boulogne, m the summer of 1863, and first pub. 
in the Church Timet, Sept. 3rd, 1864, and in 
his cd. of the Primer, 1664. In 1867 it was 
embodied in the author's Hymns and Lyrics, 
pp. 413-15, in 11 st, of 4 1., with the refrain; 
and, in an abridged form, in the People's H., 
1867, No. 380. Upon this last the Rev. John 
Ellerton's hymn, " Now the labourer's task is 
o'er" (q.v.), is based, and st. iit., vi, and vii. 
ere specially represented therein as st. iii., v., 
and vi. Mr. Moultrie'B hymn was originally 
intended " To be sung as the body leaves the 
church ; " and is a free paraphrase of detached 
portions of the Boman Office for the Dead, 
Orig,4extns above. Authorized arrangement 
in People's H. 

Brother, thou art gone before ne. 
H. H. Milman. [Burial.] This hymn is in- 
troduced by Dean Milman in his Martyr of 
Aittioch, a Dramatic Poem, 1822, pp. 38-5, as 
being sung at " The Place of Burial of the 
Christians." At the close of a funeral at 
night, Fabius, Bishop of Antioch, is repre- 
sented as saying : — 

"So, by the etde of martyiM B*bylas, 
Brother, thou ilumbereet; silent u y«n rtara. 



BBOWN, J. B. 

And silent as the hlllng dews unnnd thee, 

We leave thy verdant grave. Bat oh 1 thill we, 

When we put off the laid of mortal life, 

Depart like thee aa In a deeper sleep. 

With tile sweet smile of lift on the closed llpa, 

Or in an agony of mortal pain. 

By the pttch'd stake, ur dot of raging 116ns?" 

One of the first to extract it from the dra- 
matic poem, and constitute It aa a hymn for 
C U, was Elliott, who inolnded it in his Ps. 
and Hys* 1835. It soon became popular, and 
is given in a great number of hymnals in Q, 
Britain and America. Orig.textin H, Camp., 
with "fear" changed to "fears" inst. ii, 1. 5. 

Brought to the Font with holy care, 
E.O*Ier. [Holy Baptism —General] 1st pub. 
in Hall's Mitre H. Bk., 1836, No. 222, in'4 st. 
of 4 1., and entitled "For a Blessing on our 
Christian Privileges ; " and again, with alter- 
ations, in the July number of the author's 
Church and King, for 1S37. No. 238 in Ken- 
nedy, 1863, is the original Mitre test. Al- 
though not strictly speaking a hymn fur Holy 
Baptism, yet it is suitable to be sung during 
a service when that Sacrament has been ad- 
ministered. 

Brown, Abner William, it.*., b. at 
Mount Tirot, Jamaica, Sept. I, 1800, but was 
removed from Jamaica to Scotland in 1802. 
His early education was at the Edinburgh 
High School, and University, from whence he 
passed to Lincoln's Inn to read for the Bar. 
Ill-health caused him to suspend all studies 
for some time. Ultimately he entered the 
University of Cambridge, and took his degree 
in 1630. Ordained in 1831 to the curacy of 
Pytchley, Northamptonshire, in 1832 he be- 
came the Vicar of the same parish, from whence 
he removed to Gretton, in the same county, in" 
1851. He d. there Sept. 15, 1872. Hewasan 
Hon. Canon of Peterborough Cathedral from 
about 1851. Canon Brown's hymnological pro- 
ductions are : — 

0) Jntroitiand CWlect Mfsmt, 1945; (I) Fgtcldey 
School Bymn-Book, 1S4B ; (3) Home iyrtet (private)/ 
printed, and containing hymns by a decerned daughter^ 
law ) (4) A StUction o/ rtalvu and ityiin« fur ruHic 
Wartkip, Loud,, Hamilton, Adams, and Co., 1885. 

To each of these works Canon Brown con. 
tributed original hymns. Beyond his own Sel., 
very few of these hymns are in C. U. Tho 
mostpopnlaris "O God for ever near." [J.J.I 

Brown, James Baldwin, b.*., b. of Dr. 
J. B Brown, b. at the Inner Temple, dug. 19, 
1820. He received his education at University 
College, London, graduating b.a. in 1839. 
For a short time he studied for the Bar, but 
soon passed from the Inner Temple to High- 
bury College to prepare for the Congregational 
Ministry. In 1843 ho became pastor of the 
London Boad Congregational Chapel, Derby ; 
and in 1846 of the Claylands Independent 
Chapel, Clapham Road, London. In 1870 his 
congregation removed to their new chapel at 
Brixton. In 1878 he was Chairman of the 
Congregational Union. Hed.atBrixton.,1884. 
His prose writings were numerous. He is 
known to hymnology chiefly through his popu- 
lar hymn, " For Increase, of Faith "—'Thou 
Who our faithless hearts canst read.' " 

Brown, James Baldwin, lm>., barris- 
ter, of the Inner Temple, and father of the 
above J. B. Brown. In 1813 be joined Dr. 



BBOWN, J. N. 

Baffles and J. H. Wiffen (the translator 61 
Tasto) in publishing, anonymously, Poems hjf 
Three Friends, In the new ed., 1815, toe 
authors' names were given. He also eontri- 
bDted a few hymns to Dr. Baffles*! Liverpool 
Coll,, 1853. They have however died out of 
nie. A specimen, ''The manna totbefaiuting 
Jews" (Christ the Bread of Life), is given in 
Lyra BrU., 1S67, p. 90. 

Brown, John Newton, dj>., was b, at 
New London, Connecticut, June 29, 1803, 
and graduated at Madison University, 1823. 
From 1838 to 1843 he was Professor of Theo- 
logy at New Hampton, New Hampshire, and 
from 1845-1819 pastoral Lexington, Virginia. 
He d. in 1868. Dr. Brown was some time 
editor of the Baptist Publication Society, the 
Christian Chronicle, and the National Baptist. 
His works include Encyclopaedia of Religion* 
Knowledge, 1831 ; Memorial* of Baptist Mar- 
tyr*, 1834 ; Poem, 1840. His hymn ;— 

Oft apitit ef the ninted dead, appeared in The 
Psalmist (Ken. li. Stow and S. F. Smith), 1843, 
No. 1100, and thence hus passed into other Baptist 
collections. [F. M. B.] 

Brown, Phoebe, nee Hinsdale. A mem- 
ber of tJie Congregational body, b. at Canaan, 
Columbia County, New York, May 1, 1783, she 
wbb left on orphan when two years old. At 
nine she fell into the hands of a relative who 
kept a county gaol. These, says her son. " were 
years of intense and cruel suffering. The tale 
of her early life which she has left hor chil- 
dren is a narrative of such deprivations, cruel 
treatment, and toil, as it breaks my heart to 
read." Escaping from this bondage at 18, she 
was sought by kind people, and sent for three 
months to a common BChool at Claverack, N.Y., 
where she learned to write, and made profession 
of fuith in Christ. In 1805 she was married to 
Timothy H. Brown, a painter, and subsequently 
lived at East Windsor and Ellington, Connect 
ticut, Monison, Mass., and at Marshall, Henry 
Comity, Illinois. She d. at the last-named 
place, Oct 10, 1861. Most of her hymns were 
written at Monison, Mass. Tliroogh a life of 
poverty and trial she was "a most devoted 
mother, wife, and Christian." Her son, the 
Rev. S. B. Brown, d.d., became the first Ame- 
rican Missionary to Japan, and two of her 
grandchildren ore now in the same mission. 
In addition to her hymns, two or more volumes 
of prose by her have been published. Her 
Autobiography and Poems were being prepared 
for publication, when the editor died, and they 
ore yet to appear. Despite all her disadvan- 
tages, Mrs. Brown's talents and work are 
superior to those of any other early female 
hymnist of America. It is hoped that her 
mss. may some day he competently examined, 
and Selected portions from them be published. 
Four of her hymns appeared in Nettleton's 
TilUttje Hys., 1824, with the signature "B." 

I. As ansa the Saviour took JDa teat, Penitenae. 

I, Go, mnaaimgiir si loft, and bear. Missions. 

B, t lava to steal awhile away. Retirement. 

4, Welcome, ye hopeful heirs ef heaven. Young 
Converts, 

Of these No. 2 is a Missionary hymn, written 
In 1817, but first pub. in the VSlage Hys., 1824 ; 



BBOWN, WILLIAM 



185 



No, 8 was written in 1818, and few hymns have 
a more pathetic history. It is this : — 

Hn Brown waa living at Ellington with » four little 
children, In a sinall unfinished house,sslfk sister in the 
only finished room, and not a place above or below where 
I could retire for devotion." Not Or off stood (be finest 
house fn the neighbourhood, with a Urge garden. To- 
wards this the poor wmturi used to bead Tier steps at 
dusk, loving, as she writes, "to smell the fragrance of 
fruits and Sowers, though I could not see tbeio," and 
commune with Katun and God. This she did, never 
dreaming that sbe was Intruding, her habits watched, or 
her motives misconstrued, till one day the lady of tbe 
mansion turned rudely upon her with "Mrs. Brown, why 
do yon oome up at evening so near our house, and then 
gobackwltboutcamlngln' If you want anything, why 
dontyou oome In sad ask for It?" Mrs. B. adds, "There 
was something In her manner more than her words, that 
grieved me. I went home, and that evening was left 
atone. After my children were all In bed, except my 
baby, I sat down In the kitchen with my child In my 
Mm?, when the grief of my heart burst forth In a flood of 
tear*. I took pen and paper, and gave vent to my 
oppressed heart. 

The Poem then written Is headed H An Apology fur 
my Twilight Bumbles, addressed toa Ledy, Aug., ISIS." 
The original has nine stknxe*, the second beg'nntng, " I 
love to steal awhile away." Years after, when Uettieton 
was seeking original matter for his VQltu* A)a>im (ISH), 
this piece was abridged and altered into the present 
familiar form, either by Mrs. Brown herself, berpaator 
<M t. Hyde), or Nettleton. Its popularity was mat from 
the first. In 1SS3 It was Included tn the Letdt H. Sk., 
and tlius became known to English collections. It la 
found in Lyra Sac. .rimer., p. IS. 

In 1819 Mrs. Brown wrote two hymns which 
were strangely overlooked by Nettleton, and did 
not appear till 1831 in Hastings's Spiritual Songn. 
These are : — 

S, Haw sweet the melting lay. Morning. 

0. lord, Thy work revive, For a Revival. 

Both are found in Lyra Sac. Amer., pp. 28-30. 
No. 6 was altered by the author for Nnson's 
Conj, H. Bk., 1S5T. This, according to Nason, 
in her anthorized text. It is widely used in Ame- 
rica, and is also found in n few Englwh collections, 
including Seed's //. Bk. and the 8. Conj., and 
sometimes is attributed in error to Hastings, 
Her later hymns are : — 

7, (host God, we would to The* make known. 
This appeared in the Mvtittt-'s li. Bk,, 1834. 

a. We swot, Lrad, before Thy throne. Fur 
Sailors. 

». Grant th* abundance of the sea. For Sailors, 
Tivo hymns for sailors, which appeared in 
Linsley and Davis's Select Hymns, 1836. 

10. Assembled at [round] Thine altar, Lord* Holy 
Communion. This alao appeared in the Select 
Hymns, 1836, and was altered for Nasou's Cong. 
H. Hi., 185T. It is a good hymn, and deserves 
wider adoption. 

11. f esue, thia mid-day hour. Hbon. " Written 
by special request for the Fulton Street [Noon] 
Prayer Meeting," about 1857. 

In addition to the foregoing there are four 
hymns by her in Pons* Hymns (Phils.), 1843, 
to which they were contributed ; and there may 
be many others in various collections which are 
uncredited. [F. M. B] 

Brown, William, author of the hymn 
"Welcome, sacred day of rest'' (Sunday), 
which appeared in A Collection of Hymns, 
designed as an Appendix to Dr. Watts s Ps. 
and Hys., by T. Russell, m.a., 17th ed., 1839, 
No. 580, In 2 st of 8 1., is known only as the 
writer of this hymn, and of a poetical work, 
pub. in 1822. The hymn is in. somewhat 



186 BEOWN-BORTHWIGK, R. 

extensive use in G. Brit, nud America. Orig. 
text in the & P. C. K. P: and Hut. No, 105; 
and Dr. Hatfield's (Amer.)CAuroAH'.BiM872 1 
No. 39 ; in each case with the orig. line, st. i., 
li 2, changed from " Time of leaving worldly 
care,™ to "Sweet repose from worldly care.*' 

Brown-Borthwick, Bobert, b, at Aber- 
deen, May 18, 1840, ami educated at St Mary 
Hall, Oxford. Taking Holy Orders in 1805, lie 
has been Curate of Sudeley (and Chaplain of 
the Wiuchoombe Union), Gloucestershire, 
1865-G, and Evesham, 1866-8; Aasislant 
Minister of Quebec Chap J, London, 1868-9 ; 
and Incumbent of Holy Trinity, Grange, near 
Keswick, 1869. He U now(1886) Vicar of All 
Saints, Scarborough. His publications, in ad- 
dition to his prose works, are :— Supplemental 
Hymn and Tune Book, 1867 (4th ed., 1871); 
Sixteen JJumnt for Church and Home, 1870; 
Select Hi/mm for Church and Home, 1871 ; and 
various Kyries, Hymn Tunet, Ckantt, lid. In 
addition lie has rendered good service as one 
of tiie four Editors of the S. P. C. K. Church 
Hymns. In this last work three of his beat 
hymns are found : " Come, O Jesu, to Thy 
Table' 1 : "0 Holy Jesu, Prince of Peace"; 
" Let us raise our grateful voices." Canon 
Westcott in his Paragraph Psalter acknow- 
ledges Mr. Brown-Borthwick's assistance in 
preparing that work for the press (is of great 
value thereto. He d. March 17, 1891. 

Of Mr. Brown-Borth wick's hymns the fol- 
lowing appeared in his Sixteen Hymns, Ac, 
1870 :— 

1. Gums, Jeaua, to TI17 Ta&le. HtAy Offmmv-nion. 

I, lord, in to* watoliM of th* night. Miehn'gKt. 

3, Holy Jesu, Frinefl of Peace. Holy Communion. 
The author s note to this hymn is, " 'Hue Is not & con- 
gregational hymn, but a meditation, to be read *ffh1Le 
non-communicants are retiring, or to be sung by the 
choir alone, anthein-wlae, kneeling." 

These hymns were repeated iu his Select 
Hymnt, &c, 1871-85. The following is also 
in that collection : — 

4, Let hi ruse our grateful [gladsome] voloei. 
/touMi- Servian, or Thanksgiving. "Written iu Bor- 
rowdale, on a lumnur morning iu 1870," and pub. iu the 
S. P. C. K. Church Jfj/i., l»»l, &c [J, J.] 

Browns, Felicia Dorothea. [Hnnn, 

F.D.] 

Browne, Charlotte Elizabeth. [Tmna, 

0. E,] 

Browne, Jane Euphemia. [Baxby, J. e.] 
Browne, Mary Ann. [Gray, x, A.J 

Browne, Hoeea, was b. in humble cir- 
cumstances iu 1703, and was distinguished as 
a poet and miscellaneous writer. He was 
Vicar of Olney, Backs, and for some time 
Chaplain of Morden College, Bluckheath, 
Kent, where hed. Sept. 13, 1787. His poetical 
works were : — 

(1) Foems, 1139; [31 The Worki, and Hat 0/ the 
Creation, in two parts. Ft. I. AH Ettay on the I'nieeree; 
Pt. li. Sunday Thoughti, la;., 1702 (till ed., lids). His 
hymns are contained in Pt.iv, of the Sunday Thought*, 
together with versions of Ps. 130 and 139. lie is 
known chiefly through his hymn " Wlien with a m!nd 
devoutly pressed" (Penitence), which is "Night Song, 
Mo, viil.," In S Et. of 4 l.,of the Sunday Thoughts, having 
originally appeared In hl&roenu, 1739, p. 461. Hecom- 
plainslna note of editors of hymn-books printing this 
hymn "from an imperfect copy." it has been ascribed 
from time to time to various authors. (3) lie also nub. 
in 17T2, a tr. of J. L. Zimmerman's £xcellincy of the 
linowtedgt of Jena Christ, 1131, from which the hymn. 



BROWNE, THOMAS B. 

" *Ti» not too hart, too biph an aim," Is laktn. It ji 
annotated under " Es 1st aicht schwert." 

Browne, Simon. A contemporary of Dr. 
Watts, b. at Shepton Mallet, Somersetshire, 
cir. 1680, and d. in 1732. After studying for 
the Independent Ministry under (he Bev. John 
Moore, of Bridgcwater, ho became pastor of an 
Independent charge in Portsmouth, and then, 
in 1716, of the Independent -Chapel in Old 
Jewry, London. His later years were clouded 
by a peculiar malady, under the influence of 
which " he imagined that Qod had in a gradual 
manner annihilated in him the thinking sub- 
stance, and utterly divested him of conscious- 
ness." It is supposed that the death of a 
highwayman at his hands during a violent 
struggle, followed by that of his wife and son 
a short time after, had &uch to do in producing 
this and result. Whilst thus contending that 
he had no power to think, he produced a work 
in defence of Christianity, another in defence 
of the Trinity, a third as an Exposition of the 
1st iEp. to the Corinthians, and a fourth in the 
form of a Dictionary. His publications number 
over 20. Of these works, he is known to 
hymnology through his ;— 

Symns and Spiritual Songs, in Three Books, designed 
as a Supplement to Or. Watts, frc., 1T20, 2nd ed. 1T41, 
3rd ed. 1760. it contains 160 hymns, 7 doxoiogres, and 
a Preface of some historical interest. 

In the old collections Simou Browne's hymns 
(aU of which are from ttie above collection) 
held a prominent position, but in modern 
hymnals they are fast passing out of use. The 
best known and most widely used are "Come, 
Holy [gracious] Spirit, Heavenly Dove," " O 
God, on Thee we all depend," and " Lord, at 
Thy feet we sinners lie." In addition the 
following are also in C. U. ; — 

1. Eternal God, Almighty Cause. Unity of God. 

2. Sternal God, of beings First. God ail in all. 

3. Frequent the day of God returns. Sunday. 

4. Great Firet of beings, Mighty Lord. Creation. 

6. Great God, my Joyful limits to Tbee, Tkanii. 
giving. 

6. Great God, Thy peerless excellence. Imitation of 
Cod. 

I. GreatLordof earth and seas ami skies. Prmiden<x. 

5. Great Kuier of the earth and sky. Providence. 

9. Hall, Holy Spirit, bright, immortal, Dove. Whit- 
suntide. 

10. Hail, nappy day, the fthou] . day of lK>ly rest. 
Sunday. 

II. I cannot shun the stroke of death. Death. 

13. Lord, Thou art good ; all nature shows. Divine 
Goodnest. 

13. Lord, what a feeble frame is ours. Frailty of 

We- 

14. God, on Tbee we all depend. Confidence in 
God. [J. J.] 

Browne, Sir Thomas, b. in St. Michael's, 

Cbeapside, London, Oct. 19,1605, and educated 
at Winchester, and at the Hall now known as 
Pembroke College, Oxford, graduating b.a. in 
1626. He practised as a physician in Oxford- 
shire, Shipden Hall, near Halifax, Yorkshire, 
and at Norwich. In 1671 he was knighted by 
Charles II. at Norwich, and died there, Oct. 10, 
1682. He wrote numerous scientific, anti- 
quarian, and other works, including Religio 
Medici, 1612, and others, republished in Bonn's 
Library. The Beligio Medici has been edited 
in the Golden Treasury series, Macmitlan, 1882, 
with great fulness of detail. Ho is known 
principally to hymnology through his fine 
hymn, " The night is come ; like to the day," 

Browne, Thomas Briarly, of Welling- 



BKOWNING, ELIZABETH 

ton, was the autlior of The Oxford Divine* 
not Member* of the Church 0/ England, 1839 ; 
Thought* of the Time*. 1838 ; and the National 
Bankruptcy and other Poem», Loud., Picker- 
ing, 1841. From this last work a version of 
the 148th Pb. haa come into somewhat exten- 
sive use in English-speaking countries. It is 
the well-known " Praise the Lord of heaven, 
praiseHim in the height." Orig.tcxt in Lord 
Selborne's BJc. of Praite, 1862, p. 25. 

Browning, Elisabeth, n6e Barrett, 

daughter of Mr, Barrett, an English country 
gentleman, and wife of Robert Browning, the 
poet, was b. in London 1803, andd. at Florence 
111 1861. As a poetess she stands at the head 
of English female writers, and her secular 
works axe well known. Sacred pieces from Lit 
vrr>:ksareinC.U.inAmerica. They include : 

I . God, named Lore, whose fount Thou art. Low. 

!. Haw high Thou ait ! Our tonga can own. Dieine 
FtrfatiDtt. 

3. Or til the thoughts f Got), that ore. Death. 

4. What would we give to uur beloved? Pt. 11. of Xo.3. 
6. When Jcflua 1 friend had ceased to bo. FHatdthip. 

Based on tho death or Lazarus. 

Tliese hymns are inBeecher's Plmnoutji CoU. 
1855; Hedge end Huntington's Hyt. for the 
Oh. of Christ, Boston, U.S., law, &c. 

Bruce, Charles, b. Oct, 23, 1837, at 
Braintree, Essex. Mr. Bruce has been en- 
gaged in literary work, and chiefly as on 
amanuensis. Ho has written about 25 books, 
mostly for the young, and also contributed to 
various magazines. Of the few hymns which 
lie has composed the following are in C. U. : — 

1. Father, hear me. .Prayer. 
3. When little hearts believe and love. Tnut. 
Both are In the Bk. ofFraiteftir Ckildrtn, 18T5. 
[W. G. H.] 

Bruce, Michael, son of a Scottish weaver, 
was born at Kinnesawood, Portmoak, Kinross- 
shire, Scotland, March 27, 1746, and educated 
at I be village sohool, Edinburgh University 
(where he first became acquainted with John 
Logan), end Hie Theological Hall of the Asso- 
ciate Synod, held at Kinross, under the Bov, 
John Swonston, intending ultimately to enter 
the ministry, a hope which was frustrated by his 
untimely death. Toassistinprocuring Univer- 
sity fees and maintenance he for some time 
conducted a school, during the recess, at Gair- 
ney Biidgc, and subsequently at Forrest Mill, 
near Tillicoultry. Whilst yet a student he 
(lied at Kinnesawood, July 51h, 1767. 

XiOgan, John, son of a farmer, born at 
Fala, Midlothian, 1718, and educated at Edin- 
burgh University, in due course entering the 
ministry of the Church of Scotland and be- 
coming the minister of South Leith in 1770. 
During the time he held this charge he deli- 
vered a course of lectures on philosophy and 
history with much success. While ho was 
thus engaged, the choir of Universal History 
in the University became vacant ; but as a 
candidate he was unsuccessful. A tragedy, 
entitled Runnainede, followed. He offered it 
to the manager of Covent Garden Theatre, 
but it was interdicted by the Lord Chamber' 
lain "upon suspicion of having a seditious 
tendency." It was subsequently acted in 
Edinburgh. In 1775 he formed one of the 
Committee by whom the Tranelations and 



BRUCE, MICHAEL 



187 



POraphrates of the Church of Scotland was 
prepared. In 1782 he was compelled to resign 
his charge at Leith in order to prevent depo- 
sition, and finally, having passed on to London, 
he supported himself portly by his pen, and 
died there, Dec. 28, 1788. 

The names of Bruce and Logan are brought 
together because of the painful controversy 
which has long prevailed concerning the an- 
thorshipof certain Huron* and Paraphrase* of 
Holy Scripture which are in extensive use in 
the Christian Church both at home and abroad. 
During (he latter yejis of Bruce's short life he 
wrote various Poems, and also Hymns for a 
singing class at Kinnesawood, which were well 
known to his family and neighbours, and were 
eventually copied out by Bruce himself in a 
quarto us. book, with the hope that some day 
he might see them in print Immediately 
upon his death, in 1767, Logan called upon his 
father and requested the loan of this book that 
he might publish the contents for the benefit 
of tho family. This was granted. Not till 
three years afterward* did a certain nork, con- 
taining seventeen poems, and entitled Poem* 
on Several Occasion*, by Michael Bruce, 1770. 
appear, with 11 Preface in which it was slated 
that some of Ike Poems were by others than 
Bruce. Bruce's father Immediately pointed 
out the absence from the volume of certaiu 
hymns which he called his son's " Gospel 
Sonnets," and members of the singing class at 
Kinnesswood also noted the absence of hymns 
with wliich they were familiar. Letters of 
remonstrance and demands for the return of the 
quarto lis. book of Bruce by the father re- 
maining unanswered, led him eventually to see 
Logan in person. No book was forthcoming, 
a few sewps of as. only were returned, and 
Logan accounted for the absence of the book 
by saying he feared "that the servants had 
singed fowls with it" For a time the matter 
rested here, only to be revived with renewed 
interest by the publication, in 1781 (14 years 
after the death of Bruce, and 11 after the 
.Poems, Ac, were issued), of Poems. BytheBev. 
Mr. Logan, One of the Minuter* of Leith. In 
this volume, an "Ode to the Cuckoo," a poem 
of exquisite beauty, and other poetical pieces 
which appeared in the Poems on Severed Occa- 
eions, by Michael Bruce, were repeated, and 
claimed ashisownbyLogau. In addition, cer- 
tain Hymns and Paraphrase* were included, 
roost of which were of sterling merit, and poeti- 
cal excellence. It has been shown, we think, 
most conclusively by Dr. Maokelvie in his 
Life of Bruce prefixed to the Poemt, 1837 
and by Dr. Grosort in his Works of M. Bruce, 
1865, that the " Ode to the Cuckoo," " Loch- 
leven," and other poetical pieces were token 
from the us. book of M. Bruce. The Hymn* 
and Paraphrase*, most of which were included 
in the Translation* and Paraphrases during 
tho same year, were also claimed for Bruce. 
With these we have to deal, and as the ques- 
tion has been of more than usual interest wo 
give the respective claims made on behalf 
of Bruce and Logan in parallel columns as 
follows : — 

M. BntCK. J. Looah. 

1. Bruce known to have 1. Logan then IS years 

written hymns for a sing- of age, and not known to 

tag class in Klnnesswood have written anything to 

as early as UM. that date. 



188 



BBUCE, MICHAEL 



J. Brae* died if«, and 
bio father handed hfe *sa. 
to Logan, at Logan's re- 
quest, for publication. 



3, Bruce's father on re- 
ceiving the volume, and 
not finding the "Go*pel 
Sonnets," as he called his 
mu'4 hymns* wrote to 
Logan for an explanation. 

*. The father visited 
Logan and demanded his 
son's Me. back.* 



a, Logan acknowledged 

this by publishing, In lfto, 
Pontii oft &wral Ooe*- 
tiont, &jj JT JTruoe, con- 
taining it poems. Some 
of then (not distinctly 
marked as each) he sakl 
ware hy others. 
& Logan did not reply. 



4. Logan replied, flrst 
that he could not find it, 
and then that he feared 
"that the servants had 
singed fowls with It." 

G. About u r«ra after, 
i.e. In 1781, Logan pub- 
lished his J***™*, In Which 
were given eleven hymns as 
his own. 



e. Logan knew his au< 
thombiu was thus disputed, 
but took no pains to vindi- 
cate his honesty. 



therefore assign without 



ft. Immediately on the 
publication of Logan's 
Pwmt the three hymns 
following were identified 
by educated personal 
friends of Bruce as his, such 
identification being by ac- 
tual quotations of stanzas : 

1. "Few are thy days and 

full of woe," 

2. " Q happy is the man 

who hears/' 

3. "Behold the mountain of 

the Lord." 

9. In addition, these 
claims were corroborated 
by the members of the 
singing class at Kinness- 
wood, nls family, and his 
neighbours, to whom they 
were familiar, before seen 
in print. 

These three hymns we 
reservation to M. Bruce. 

1L A second series of hymns which are claimed, on 
the one hand for M. Bruce and on the other for J, Logan, 
bave caused, from the somewhat indefinite character of 
the evidence brought forward on both sides, some angry 
comments on the part of editors and controversialists. 
The sum of the argument Is this :— 

1. Bruce is known to 1. This is not denied by 
have written hymns, other Logan or his friends, 
than the three given above, 
for the singing class at 
Klnnesewood. * 

B. These, In common 
with all bis Poetical Pieces, 
were written in the same 
us. volume as the three 
above, and with them were 
handed to J, Logan for 
publication by Bruce'* 
father. 

3. In common with the 
three hymns they were 
omitted from the volume 
of Brucft's PoetUat Workr, 
hut Included with them by 
Logan In his i'ocms, 173J, 
as bis own, 

a. These on their publi- 
cation were claimed by 
Bruco'e brother James as 



2. This also is not denied. 



3. Admitted by Logan's 
friend* 



4* Admitted ; but for 
Logan it must be pointed 
out that from the beginning 



hymns known to him for of the controversy none of 
years as the lost hymns these witnesses are brought 
of bis brother Michael, and forwardas giving one single 
this was supported by the line of any one of those 
common consent of the hymns (as was done with 
members of the Kmness- the three before noted) as 
wood singing class, and evidence that they had 
many other intimate friends known the hymns before 
of M. Bruce* they were In print. The 

statements are thus gene* 
ral, and not particular, and 
consist more of personal 
Impressions than of definite 
and positive statements of 
facts, 
V Notwithstanding this 
ludeAniCenees there Is no 
positive evidence on the 



BfeUCti* MICHAEL 

other aide save that the 
hymns were printed In a. 
volume of poetry which 
Logan claimed as his own. 

& Falling to find any 
evidence other than this on 
behalf of Logan, we must 
give the following hymns 
to If. Bruce, although hts 
claims lack the clear and 
definite character of the 
three given before:—' 

4. " When Jesus by the Virgin brought.** 
Known as — " /tut and devout old Simeon Iva'dJ* 
a. "Almighty Father of Mankind^ 
ft. "Behold th' Ambassador divine," 
Known as — u Behold my Servant t aw Himrite." 
1. "Messiah: at Thy glad approach.' 1 
s, "Wherehigh the heavenly temple standi." 
111. A third series of hymns, the Bruce or Login 
authorship of which has been a matter of much dispute, 
appeared for the jint time In the Translation* and 
Paraphrase* of mi, and are not found in Logan's 
Poem* of the same year. These, in common with the 
other Trt. and Part. r were given anonymously. Those 
which had previously appeared In Logan's Poem*, and, 
in some cases, in another aikd hotter form, were at once 
recognised as the hymn* of the singing class at Klnness* 
wood; hut those which. In addition, are given In W. 
Cameron's list to Logan were not so claimed at the time 
by friend or enemy. The claim upon these hymns as 
the work of Bruce was only made when It was found 
that Logan had given them to the Uonimlttee of the 
l?sl Tfantlativns and ParapArattt, and this appa- 
rently on the ground that a man wlio had confessedly 
stolen so much must necessarily have stolen all. This 
we cannot allow. On the evidence, therefore, that no 
claim wae made by Bruce'a family and friends to the 
Bruce authorship of anything oattide of Logan's Fotmt; 
that the following were flrst published In the Tr*, *e 
Far&phi, of 1781 ; that at flrst their authorship was 
unknown to tiie general public and unclaimed by any- 
one ; and that It was only when lagan's claims to the 
authorship was made known that the counter-claim for 
Bruce was set up i we hold that, until clearer evidence 
is brought forward on behalf of Bruce, the hymns, or 
paraphrases, following must be ascribed to J. Logan » — 
9. " Who can resist th' Almighty arm/' 

10. "In streets and op*nings of the gates." 

11. *■ Thus speaks the heathen; How shall man." 
13. " Take comfort, Christians, when your friend*." 

13. "The hour of my departure's come." 

We feel some reluctance In giving the last of these 
hymns to Logan, but with the evidence before us we 
cantiot do otherwise. Internal evidence Is in favour of 
Bruce, and the sentiments are natural W one who knew 
he was about to die. Beyond this, fur Bruce, there is no 
evidence; and to Logan, as ihe defendant, we must give 
the benefit of the doubt. 

Iv. The following, which are found onb? In the 
Trantlatvms and Paraphraut of H31, are claimed by 
W. Cameron for I^ogan, and have never been seriously 
disputed by the friends of Bruce, the second being 
original, the first a. revise from the Trt, £ Paraph*, of 
1746; and the third a revise of Doddridge and Dr. Hugh 
Blair*.— 

14. " Let Christian faith and hope dispel." 
la, " Thus speaks the high nnd lofty One.** 

16. " What though no flowers the fig-tree clothe." 
In addition, we see no cause to deny to Logan the few 
changes, and new stanza, which are found In Doddridge's— 
1*. " God of BetheL by Whose band." 
v. Of the above hymns a are recasta of hymns in the 
Scottish Tra*< and Paraph*, of 1T4S* Those ave; **Bfr- 
hold the mountain irf tbe Lord " (sec "In latter days the 
mount of God");" When Jesuaby Ihe Virgin brought " 
(see " *Jow let Thy servant die in peace '*) ; " BtholU the 
Ambassador divine" («ee " Behold my Servant, see Him 
rise") ; H Let Christian faith and hupedi&pel" (see '-Now 
let out souls ascend above"); anil "What though no 
flowers the fig-tree clothe" (see "So firm the saints' 
foundation stands Jh ). 

The whole of these Bruce-Logan hymns and 
recasts fire annotated in full under their respec- 
tive first lines (q-v.) m the body of this work. 
Ae oneoutcomeof these annotations itiaenriouB 
to note that every hymn which we have ascribed 
to M* Bruce has come into more or less exten- 
j rive use outtitU of the Translations and Para~ 



BBUCE, WILLIAM 

phrase*, and that not one which we have as- 
cribed to Logan, except " Let Christian faith 
and hope dispel," and " Take comfort, Chris- 
tians," &&, is found beyond that wort, un- 
less wo give to Logan the plaintive "The 
hour of my departure's come" (which Dp, 
Grosnit claims for Bruce), and the recast 
" O God of Bethel, by Whose hand," whose 
success ia due to Doddridge. TMa is the ver- 
dict of 100 years* use of those hymns, and shows 
conclusively the poetic strength of Brace and 
the weakness of Logan. 

Authorities i— Scottish TranilatloM and Para- 
phrases of U«, 1T61, 1J81 ( Poena, be., by M. Bruce, 
1110; Poems, by J. Logan, mi; Dr. Anderson's BritilK 
Potto i Chambers's /*(. of Xninent Scotsmen : The 
Pottie Wreath, law; Dr. Mactelvie'i lift of Bruce, 
prefixed to LacAletm, 4c., 1S3T ; Dr. Oroeart's Wtrtt a/ 
Brace, 1865; EM. Brit., «b ed., 1BB1-6; nnmeroni 
MoffOrinc article* and private sisa. ; Macmeeken'e Bis. 
tmyqftAe8cott{iaXetricalFiaUiu,t!C..lVn.[J, J.] 

Bruce, William, n.n., eldest s. of the Bev. 
William Bruce, United Secession minister at 
South Shields (who after 1818, conducted the 
Ardoch Academy, Caidross, Dumbartonshire), 
was b. at Sonth Bhields, April 7, 1812. He 
studied at the University of Glasgow, which, 
in 1868, conferred on him the degree of b.d., 
and became, iu 1838, minister of Infirmary 
Street U. P. Church, Edinburgh (then Cowgate). 
He was Moderator of Synod in 1869. In 1870 
he was appointed a member of the Hymnal 
Committee of the U. P. Church,and contributed 
2 hymns to their Presbyterian Hymnal, 1876. 
These he included, with 9 others, in his Hebrew 
Odes and other Poena, 1874 (Ediub, : D. S. 
Stewart). He also pub., in 1878, Memories: a 
Tale; and other Poem*. He d. at Bridge of 
Allan, Nov. 15, 1882. The two hymns contri- 
buted to the Fresh. Hymnal are : — 

1. Holy father, Thon host given. Holy Scripture. 

2. Tbe seed we bury in toe earth. Returrectian. 

[J. M.] 
Brunn alles Heils, dlcbi ehren wir. 
G. Tersteegen. {Trinity Sunday.] Based on 
the blessing of Israel, Numb. vi. 24-27, arid 
1st pub. in the 4th ed„ 17i5, of Tersteegen's 
GeittUches Blumengiirtlein (Mb. iii.,No.76), in 
5 st of 4 ]., entitled, " A prayer of faith at 
morning, at evening, at table, after sermon, 
and at all times." In the Vnv. L. 8., 1851, it 
is No. 214. Trt. in C. U. are :— 

1. flalvatien'i healing Spring ! to Thee, full and 
good by H. J. Buckoll in his H. from the German, 
1842, p. 52. Iu the Irish Church Hymnal, 1889, 
following the einmple of the Rugby School if. Bk., 
1850, st. i. is omitted, the rest ia slightly altered, 
and it begins: "0 Lord, our Maker! ever near." 
This arrangement was made by Buckoll aa joint 
editor of the Rugby School H. Bk. 

S. Thee, Fount of blssainf , we adore 1 In full by 
Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Ger., 2nd Series, 
1858, p. 62, and repented, slightly altered, iu her 
C. B. for England, 1863, No. 16. 

Other trl. are i — 

p) "Thon source of health and all onr weal," by 
Dr.G. Walker, 18S0, p. 30. 

(S) " Fountain of all salvation, we adore Thee," by 
lady Burand, 18)3, p. 108. {J. M-] 

BnuwqueJl aller Qiitar. J. Franclc 
[WhiUtmtvde.] 1st pub, in theCrtiger-Bunge 
O. B., Berlin, 1653, No. 158, in 8 st of 81.. 
entitled, " A hymn of praise to God the Holv 
Ghost.*" Repeated in (Jrflger's Profit piefafa 



BBYANT, W. C. 



189 



mdka, 1656, No. 199, and most subsequent 
hymnals as the Unv.L. 8., 1851, No. 163. In 
Franck's QeitHieKu Sion, 1674, p. 26 (ed. 
1846, p. 27). The tr. in C. U. is :— 

Donna ef good, whole power eontnli. A full and 
very good tr. by R. Masaie in M. Luther's Spir. 
Bongs, 1854, p. 88, repeated unaltered save iiL 
1. 7, and iv. 1. 5 as No. H3 in the ed. of 1857, 
of Mercer's C. P. and ff, Bi., in two parts, the 
second beginning with at. v. " As the hart with 
longing looks" (Ox. ed., 1864, No. 20, retains 
only st. i., ii., vii., riii.). In full but slightly 
altered as No. 1052 in Kennedy, 1863, while st. i., 
ii., v, aTe given in Alford's Yearof Praise, 1867, 
and st. i., v., vi. in Mnrtinean's Hys., 1873. In 
the Meth. If. Connexion Hys., 1BU3, No. 311, be- 
ginning "Mighty Spirit ! by Whose aid," ia made 
up of st. vi. 11. 1-4, ii. 11. 6-8, and iy. [J. M.] 

Bryant, William Cullen. First in 
order of time of the great American poets, 
Bryant was b. at Ctunmington, Mass., Nor. 3, 
1794, and was educated nt Williams College. 
In ISIS he was called to the Bar, and practised 
for a time at Great Barrington. In 1825 he 
retired from the Bar, settled at New York, 
and devoted himself to literary pursuits, found- 
ing the New York Bepitw, and editing for a 
short time the New York Evening Pott. He d. 
June 12, 1878, His poetical and other works 
are well known. His hymns were written at 
intervals during his long life. They were 
collected and privately printed in 1869, and 
number over 20. Those in C. U. are : — 

1, Attnifhrj, listen who* wo ralia. Praise. 
This is given as " Almighty hear tut," &c, in the 
Unitarian H. and Tune Bk., Boston, 1868, It 
waa introduced into Q. Britain through Beard's 
Coli*, 1837. 

t. Deem net that they are bleat alone. Mourn- 
ing. In this form it is in Beard's Cull., 1837. 
It is best known at" O deem not they are," he, 
and in this form it ia No. 964 in Songs for the 
Sanctuary, N. Y., 1885-72, No, 452, in Dr. Mar- 
tineau'a Hys. of P. and Praise, Land., 1873, &c 

S. Father, to Thy kind love w* owe. God's 
Loving-kindneS). This ia given in aeveral modern 
collections, including tho Unitarian H. and Tune 
Bk., BoBton, 1868, Martineau, 1873, &c. 

4. Ooi, whose d»i4 and duuUaf brow. Com- 
passion desired. Is No. 57 in the Boston //, and 

Tune Bk., 1868, as above. 

5. 'WnanliawlutfninthetMUtBeof'WTenc. Hope 
of the Resurrection. Thia is seldom found in 
modern hymnala. Teit in Lyra Sac. Amer., 1868. 

The above hymns (1^5) appeared in Dr. H. 
D. Sewall's (Unitarian) Pt. * Hys. for Social 
and Private Worship, 1820, and were written 
at i he instance of a Miss Sedgwick Following 
as near as possible the chronological order of 
tbe hymns we have next : — 

4. Than Whose owavaat temple standi. Open- 
ing of a Place of Worship. Written in 1835 for 
the Dedication of a Chapel in Prince Street, N. Y. 
This is the moat widely known of this author's 
hymns. It was introduced into G. Britain ai 
early as 1837, when it waa included in Beard's 
Coll., No. 405. It is in 4 st. of 4 1. Orig. text 
in Songs for the Sanctuary, N. Y., 1865, No. 
1017, and Martineau, 1873, No. 727. Another 
form of the hymn is " Thou, Whose unmeasured 
temple stands," Thia is No. 569 in the Amer. 



iyo 



BBYANT, W, C. 



I'resb. hs. and Hys., Richmond, 18C7, Horder's 
Cong. Hys., Lond, 1881, No, 747, and other). 

T. All that in this vide wild we ■«. Omnipv- 
sence. This is dated 1836. la his CM. in 1837, 
No. 17, Beard, gives it as an original contributed 
thereto, thus fixing its first publication. 

a. Thou unrelenting put. The Pits 1 . Dates 
from 1830. Also in Martinew, 1873, No. 508. 

9. Hot in the aolitnde. (rod tin the City, Dates 
from 1836, and is No. 26 in Martinet, 1873. 

10. Whither, midst blung daw. Divine Guhl- 
i>««. This, in common with Nos, 8 and 9, is more 
■ poem than hymn. It is addressed " To a Water- 
fowl," and dates from 1836. In Mart iiieaw, 1S7M. 

11. Dt*r tie! of mutual sueeour bind. Chtritij 
Sermtrns, No. 905 in the Amer. Methodist Episco- 
pal Hymnal, 1878. It dates from about 1831S. 

IS. Then who** lav* can ae'ex fctjet. Oivfi- 
tuxlion. Given (but not as an original contri- 
buted thereto) in Beard's Coll. (Eng.), 1837. 

IS. Kighty One, before Whoso fate. Ordin/iiioii. 
This is dated 1810 (but is probably earlier), and 
is given in several collections, including Mr. 
Beecher's Plymouth Coll., 1855, and others. 

It. Look (com Thyephere of endless day. Horns 
Missions. This hymn has also attained to con- 
siderable ase both in G. Biitain and America. It 
dates from 1840. It is in theiS'./ofCte Sanctuary, 
S. Y., 1865, Horder's Cony. Hys., 1884, &c, 

IS, Ind, who ardainest fat mankind, 7'Ainiis 
/iw a Mothers love. Written nt Dr. Osgood's 
suggestion, and printed in his Christian Worship, 
1862. It is repeated in Martineau, 1873. 

18. All prais* to Him of tfaiareth. Holy Com- 
munion. Dr. Hatfield in his Uhui-oh H. £&., 
1872, No. 736, gives this in 3 st. of 4 1, In the 
Sonjs for the Sanctuary it is in its full form of 
5 st; It dates from 1664. 

17. As shadows east hy olond and sun. Epipliani/. 
In the Methodist Episcopal Hymnal, N. Y., 1S78. 
It was contributed to that Hymnal, 1877, but was 
composed for the Sehii-Centennial t'elehraiion of 
the Church of the Messiah, TV-ton, March 19, 
1875. 

IB. Whan doomed t* death the Apostle lay. On 
behalf of Dritnhtirds. Also in the Methodist 
Episcopal Hymnal, 1878. 

In addition to tho nbovo the following 
hymns by Bryant are in limited use: — 

lft, AH things thftt are oa eprth. Love of Gttd. Jn 
teard'H (Ml., 1UJJ, 

30. Close jortly, fomitly, while ye weep. Death, In 
Mr. Beccher'e Plymouth Coll., J85S. 

21. How shall I know thee in the sphere which keeps? 
The Future Lift. In the Suppl. to the Boston Hyi. for 
the Church of Chriit, Iflsa. 

22. Standing; forth in life's rough way. On behalf of 
Children. In Dr. Allen's CJWrdrm'* Worship, MH; 
Holder's Cong. Jigs., 1384, and others. 

23. When this sung of praise shall cease. Death 
anticipated. In his Hymni, lass, aad W. R. Steven- 
son's School Hymnal, 1890, No. 3 13. 

24. "When the blind suppliant In the way. Cpcning 
tkceyaqfiheWind. In the Meihodist Episcopal tfyouiaf, 
1B)S, N. Y., No, 201. It dates from luU. 

IS. IVild in the dny, the wintry eei. The pilgrim 
Fathers. In Hy$, of the Sjririt, by r™gfcllow and 
Johnson. Boston, lse*. 

In 1869, Hymns by W. O. Pnjant, 12mo, 
wore privately printed. In this work the texts 
of many of the olikr hymns are altered. The 
dates of his hymns, are difficult to tli t rniiuc, 
and lrinny of those given above are approxi- 
mate only. Bryant's genius mis eonl, medi- 
tative, and not distinguished by lyric fire. 



BUCHANAN, GEORGE 

HU hymns are correct and solid, but none 
reach Ihe highest rank. [F. M. B.] 

Bubier, George Burden, s. of the Rot. 

William Bubier, b. at Reading, Fob. 2, 1828. 
After serving for some time in a bank at Ban- 
bury, lie prepared for the Congregational 
Ministry, at Hoinerton College. He was suc- 
cessively pastor of congregations at Orsett, 
Essex, 1844; Union Chapel, Brixton; Cam- 
bridge; and Hope Chapel, Saiford, 1854. In 
1864 lie was appointed Professor of Theology 
and Philosophy at Spring Hill Congregational 
College, Bii mingham. He d. at Aeock's Green, 
near Birmingham, March 19, I860, In 1855 
he whs joint editor with Dr. George MacdooaU, 
and the brother of the latter, of 
.Hymns and Sacred Songs for Sit nday ffchaot* and Sac in ( 
Worship, in two parti, &c., Manchester, Fletcher anil 
Tubbs, 1S15. A great many of the SIB hymns in 
this collection have been repeated Jn later hymnals. 

To thnt work he contributed 1 1 hymns under 
the signature "B." These, increased from 
other sources to 21, together with 6 Psitlnt 
Versions, were given with dates and in some 
instances with notes also, in his Hymns and De- 
notional Verses, Birmingham, 1867. Amongst 
those of hie hymns in C. U. are : — 

1, A fitly spoken ■word. Kind Words. Dated 
" Jnnuary, 1855," and pub. in the Hymns, &c, 
as above, No. 285, in 6 st. of 4 1. Also in H. and 
D. Verses, 1867, p. 14. Given iu Horder's Con//. 
Hys., 1884, 

>.. Bleat he the God of lor*. Bmvlay Exening. 
Written iu " June, 1855," and pub. in Hymns, 
Sk., in 6 st. of 4 1. ns above; H. anil 1>. Verses, 
1867, Harder, 1884, and other*. 

S. Great is Thy merey, Lord. Chosen by Christ. 
Dated "January, 1854," and pub. in the two 
ivorksas above, iu 5 st. of 4 1. la Harder, 1884. 

4. I would oommna* with Thee, my God. Long- 
ing for God. This is the most popular of this 
author's hymns, and is given in several collec- 
tions. It was written " February 2nd, 1854," in 
4 st. of 4 1. It is in both the Hymns, &c, 1855, 
and the H. and D. Verses, 1867. Orig. text in 
Bap. Hymnal. 1879, No. 376. 

*. My Ood, I love The* fir Thyself, iopo to God. 
This is not in tho Hymns, &c, 1855. It is dated 
"June 13th, 1807 " iu his //. and D. Verses, 18G7, 
p. 22. It is given in the Bap, Hymnal, 1879, 
Iforder, 1884, and others. [F. J. P.] 

Buchanan, George, b. at Killearo, Stir- 
lingshire, 1506. He was an eminent writer, 
and for some time was tutor to the Earl of 
Moray, the natural son of James V. Having 
embraced the doctrines of tho Reformation ho 
attacked the Franciscans iu a sutirical poem 
written by the commo'd of J;mies V. His 
life being in danger lie fled to England, then to 
France and Portugal. In Portugal he was 
confined in a monastery an account of his free 
expression of opinions. Durinjr tbat confine- 
ment he rendei'ed tbo Book uf Psalms into 
Latin Verse, and subsequently pub. it in Paris, 
1564. In 1551 ho obtained his liberty, and 
some time after returned to Scotland and hc- 
caino tutor to James VI. He d. at Edinburgh 
in 1582. His version of the Ptulms was ren- 
dered into English iu 1754 by the Rev, T. 
Crodoek. A few years later James Fanch 
paraphrased severol individual Psalms. James 
Merrick nlso adapted the 122nd. 



BUCHFELDEB, E. W. 

BucMelder, Ernst Wilhelm, b. Jane 5, 
1645, at Bentheim, East Friesland, Hannover. 
At first lie studied Jaw, but was so much 
impressed by a sermon he heard at Casael, in 
1 672, from Thcodor Under-Eyci, that ho forth- 
with licRan the study of theology at the 
University of Utrecht, and at the close of his 
studies, attainted for two years on the ministry 
of Under-Eyck, then pastor of St. Martini 
Church, Bremen. In 1678 he became pastor 
at Glii'kstiidt in Holstein ; 1679, rector of the 
classical school at Emdeii, in East Friesland ; 
in 1681 preacher and inspector at Bttdingen, 
in Wetteravia: in 1687 preacher at Miihl- 
heim on tlie Buhr; and finally prsacher at 
Etuden, where he d. Mtircli 8, 1711 (.Koch, vi. 
11-16 ; Alia. Deutsche Biog., iii. 478, the Litter 
saying lie d. May S), Koch adds : — 

"Only one hymn by him hut Appeared In prlut, but 
one of such importance that it may bo reckoned a 
Jewel of the Reformed hymnody. It b»n the true 
Impress of Ida Inner life and was probably written in 
that year, 1G72, so memoTableln his btatory." It ie; — 

Irlatwht mloh Ban, main Lloht. [True and False 
C^rwiiduit,/.] Included in the Geisheichcs G. £., 
Halle, 1897, p. 53, and repeated in Freyling- 
haosen's G. £., 1704, No.'245, in 10 st. of 7 1. 
Also in the Unv. L. 8. 1851, No. 303. It is tr. as :— 

Lard ; afford a liana lifht. A recast of the 
1789 Moravian tr. (see below) in 8 Bt. of c. JI. — 
viii. being by T. Bird, 1826— as No. 280 in the 
Moratisn II. Bk., 1826, repented, abridged, in 
J. A. Liitrobe's Colt., 1852, No 316. 

Other tn. an : — 

(I) "Enlighten me, my Light," in tie tap!, to 
Carman Ptalmody, ed, ITSS, p, as, and Unlets rigs, 
from tier. Psalmtdg, 1)54, p. BS. (») « Lord ! afford 
Thy Light," as Ho. en in pi i. of the Jtamciaa B, 
Bk. t 1754. In 1789 considerably altered, and in 1826 
at. viii. and xvL, beginning " The language of trne 
faith," alone retained. (3) " Impart, lord, Tby Light," 
by Dr. II. JtiUi, 18*3 (ed. 1858, p. SO). [J, M.] 

Buc&oll, Henry James, m.a., s. of the 
Rev. James Buckoll, Sector of Siddinglon, 
near Cirencesttr, Gloucester; b. at Sidding- 
ton, Sept. 9, 1803. He was educated at Rugby 
and Queen's College, Oxford, graduating b.a. 
in 1826, and became Assistant Master at 
Rugby tits same year. He took Holy Orders 
in 18'J7, and d. at Rugby June 6, 1871, Ho 
was probably thu editor of the first edition of 
the Bugby School Collection. In 1839 he 
edited a Collection of Hymn* for the Bugby 
Pariah Church, and in 1850 compiled, wilh 
Dr, Goulbum, a new ed. of the Colltctioa for 
the Bugby School Chapel. That collection 
contains 14 of his hymns, a few of which were 
tr*. from the Latin and German, His Hymnt 
translated from ike German were pub. 1842. 
It contained 67 translations from Bnusen's 
Vertuok, 1833, most of wliioh are in the origi- 
nal metres, and are annotated in this work 
under their first lines in German. Bnckoll'a 
hymns and frs. are mostly found in the hymn- 
books of the Public Schools. [J. J.] 

Buakworth, John, b. at Colslerworth, 
Lincolnshire, Jan, 16, 1779, and d. April 2, 
1835. On taking Holy Orders he become 
Curate of Duwsbury, and subsequently Vicar 
of the same parish. He pub. Hymns for Sun- 
day Schools (3rd ed. 1814, 10th ed. 1830). 
This collection of 100 hymns contained a few 
originals by Buckworth. Of those hymns, 



BCLFINCH, S. G. 



191 



most of wbioh are from the 3rd ed, 1814, the 
following are still in C. U. ; — 

1. Aasembled in our school to-day. Opening qf a 
& School. Thla hymn haa long Toeen regarded, both in 
ft. Britain and America, as anonymous. 

S, Qhfldran of 0sd, Uaaied name. Adoption. 
In several collections, including the Leeds S. 8-H, 2k., 
1B33 to 1865 ; Ctommon Praia, 187S, and others. 

t. Children, think on [of] Jam*' love, He low of 
Jam. In Obmvunt Praise, 1ST*, to. 

4. Christ i* [waaj maroifnl and mild, for Infantt. 
In YT. R. Stevenson's School ^yHtnai, 1880, JJo. 9. 

5. Holy ohildrw, read and piay. pbrtnfantt. In 
W. F. Stevenaon's'Wyi. for Ch. * Momt, 18M, No, S2, <te. 

6. Jaaiia littla ahildran blasaaa. Lovtof Jesus. In 
various collection*, including Major's Bk. qf Praise, 
No. 48. 

7. Lnd, look npon a lltrle ebild, Stddap Jtnt. 
This is the moat popular and widely wed oi Buck- 
Jtorth'a hymns. It Is worthy of greater attention than 
it haa bitbei to received. 

Noa. s and T were added to rt. li. of the Uyt.for S. S, 
between I83T and 383d. Aa liowever this ed. of tbe 
Byt&nt, ha., was not pub. by Buckworth, there la soma 
uncertainty oa to the autiiorahlp of these hymns. 

[J. J.] 

Budden, WiUiam, contributed a few 
hymns to the Evangelical Magazine in 1795, 
&c,, under tho signature of " W. B." Some 
of these hymns were reprinted by John Dobell, 
in his New Selection, 1806. One of these is 
still in C. U. r— 

Coma, let aur voioag join, gunday School Attniver- 
tary. 1st printed in tbe Eea.niet.ical Mag.,Dec., 1786, 
in B st. of 6 I., signed " W. B., B and headed, "A Hymn 
composed for the use of the Congregation and fiunday 
School Children belonging to the Kev. Mr. Ashfaumer a 
Meeting, Toole, Dorset.** Jn ISOfi It was included In 
Dobell'e Jfew SU., In 1S08, In R. Hilt's CM. of H»t.fvr 
3. School*, and othen. It Is generally known to modem 
hymm-books aa, " Come, let our voice ascend." This 
altered form was given by T.Cotterlll in the Appendix 
to the 6th ed. of hi* *I„ 181B. [W, 1. B.j 

Bulflnch, Stephen Greenleaf, d.d. 
This Unitarian minister was b. at Boston, 
June 18, 1803, and removed to Washington in 
1818, his fnther being; the architect of the 
Citpitol. He graduatea at Columbian College 
and tlie Cambridge Theological School, In 
1831 ho was ordained at Ciiurleston, B.C., as 
assistant to Dr. Gilman. Subsequently he 
was pastor at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; 
■Washington, 1838 ; Nashua, New Hampshire, 
1845; Dorchester, Mass., 1852; and Bast 
Cambridge, Mass., 1865. He d. at the last 
place, Oct. 12, 1870. His works include : — 

(I) ChnteBiniaKmu of tie &teft)ur ; A Strict of Sx- 
traett from, the Gospel History, with Reflection* and 
OriffifuU and Selected JfyBtnt. Boston, Carter mnd 
Heudee, 1832. This has been reprinted in Kneland, 
(2) Poems, Charleston, 8.C., isa*. (3) Lays of the 
Votpel, 184S. In addition to these works, which con- 
tain his original hymns, he also pub. (4) The Harp 
and Cross, a selection of hymus, in 1867. 

Those of bis hymns which have attained to 
the greatest popularity are ; — 

1, Bail to the Sabbath day. Stmday. In 
the Contemplations, &c, p. 45, It is nppended 
to Sect. xii. on the " Walk through the corn- 
fields," and is in 5 sL of 4 1. It is in extensive 
use both in Or, Britain and America, and is the 
boat known of this author's hymns. In many 
collections it begins with at, ii., "Lord, in Thy 
[this] sacred hour." 

1, Hatii net (dry hoavt wiftla tfcsa burned t Pre- 
sence of Christ. In the Contemplations, &c, p. 
148, as the accompanying hymn to the Reflections 
on Jeans appearing to His disciples on their way 
to Etonians. It is in 5 st- of .4 1., and is given ! j> 



192 



BULLOCK, WILLIAM 



the Collection! of Beard, Martinson, and others 
in G. Britain, 

1. suffuiag bind «f human kUi. Passionttde. 
The hymn in 4 st. of 4 I. appended to Sect, xxxv. 
on "Pster's confession of Christ," in the Contem- 
plations, 4c, p, 109. It ranks next in popularity 
to « Hnil to the Sabbath day." 

In addition to these hymns which beat re- 
present Dr. Bulfiuch's powers as a altered poet, 
the fullowiug are also in limited use : — 

4. Burden of shame and woe. Crucifixion. 

6. Holy Sou of God most high. Miracles of drill. 

B, How glorious is the liour. The .Veto Life. 

1. It Is finished ! Glorious word. flood Friday, 

a. There is a strife we all mutt wage. J.i/e's J>ufy. 

Theae ere from his Poems, 1834. The next — 

». What power unseen by mortal eye. Cure of 
XobUman's *ftm. From the OHifattpFa&mr, Aw., p. 64. 

10. In the Saviour's hour of death, (food Friday. 
Alio from tbe Cantemplationt, p, 142; 

Br. Bulflnch's hymns were ronde known to 
English readers through Beard's Coll., 1837, 
in which 19 were given. Hia hymns through- 
out are noted for solid and tranquil piety, and 
deserve a wider circulation than has been ac- 
corded to them. They embrace some pood 
hymns on the miracles of Christ. [F. M, B.] 

Bullock, William, ».»., a Missionary of 
the S. F. G. for 32 years, and Bometime Denn 
of Halifax, Nova Scotia, and d. March 16, 
1874, He is known to hymnody principnlly 
through his popular hymn (in its revised form 
by Sir H. TV. Baker), "We love the place, O 
God" (q. v.). Tljis appeared with other 
hymns ot merit in his : — 

Sang* of the CftvrcA, Halifax, printed Tor the Author, 
1854. Other hymns front tbe tame *™rk are in C. V. 
All bis hymns were " written nmid«t tbe various scenes 
of urfsskoiary life, and are Intended fi»r tbe privuttt utid 
dumcetic use of Christians In new countries deprived rif 
all public worship," and are worthy of renewed attention, 
Jtean Bullock also pub. Practical Lectures uj*m the 
nittmy of Joseph and hit Brethren, 1920. 

Buhner, Agnes, nee Collinaon, third 
daughter of Edward Onllinson, b. in Lombard 
Street, London, Aug. 31, 1775, and married 
in 1793 to Mr. Joseph Bulmer. Her husband's 
death took pluee in 1828, and hers on the viOth 
Aug., 1887. She pub. in 1836, Memoirs of 
Mrs. Mortimer; in 1833, Messiah') Kingdom, 
u poem in 12 books; in addition to :irticle<i 
contributed to the Youth'* Instructor, &o. Her 
Scripture Histories appeared posthumously in 
1837-8, and her Stieet Letters were pub. in 
1812, with au introduction and notes, by the 
Rev. W. Bf. Bunting; and her Memoir in 1837 
by tier sister. Mrs. Bulmer was a member of 
the Wes!eya,n Society. Her best known hymn, 
" Thou who hnst in Zion laid," was written for 
the laying of tho foundation stone of the 
Oxford Rood Wesleynn Chapel, Manchester, 
July 11, 1825, and included in tho Supp. to 
the' We». H. Bk., 1830, No. 737. 

Bulmer, John, b. in Yorkshire in 1784, 
educated for the Congregational Ministry at 
the Rotherham (Masborougb) Independent 
College;, ami successively pastor at Haverford- 
west, Itugelor, Bristol, Newbury, and Lan- 
grove, near Boss. He d. in 1857. He com- 
posed a few hymns, and compiled : — 

(1) fljwwu, Original and Select, 1834; (2) Hymns 
and Evangelical gtmat for the vie of Sunday Schools ; 
(3) Original Eymnt intended is he ntng at the Public 
Meetings and other Services of Temperance Societies, 
LB3fl ; and (41 Beauties of the Vicar of Llandovery : 
light from Ac Welihinan't Candle; being tri-from 



BUNSEN, 0. C J. 

the Welsh of Poems by Bees Prichard (died 1644% 
(2nd ed.. 1830). See •Welsh Hymnody, 

From his Coll. of 1834 the following are 
fctUl in C. U. :— 

1. Lord of the vast creation, y,en*. 

2. To Thee In ages past. Public Worship. 

These hymna.«re In the N. Cong. If. Bk. and others, 

Bunsen, Christian Carl Joaias, 
Baron, Prussian Minister at Rome, 1823- 
1838; at Berne, 1839-1841; Ambassador to 
England, 1841-1854; was b. at Corbach in 
Woldeck, 25th August, 1701; d. at Bonn, 
November 28th, I860. Having (rained high 
honours in the Universities of Marburg and 
Gtittingon, he began life as an assistant 
master in tho Gymnasium of Gottingen, but 
soon quitted that post to prosecute the en- 
quiries which he felt to be the true aim of his 
life, and for which he had already, at the age 
of 24, conceived the idea of a comprehensive, 
plan of philological and historical research, 
culminating in a synthesis of philology, his- 
tory and philosophy, with the application of 
that synthesis to religious and civil legislation. 
To the accomplishment of this youthful scheme 
it may truly be said that his whole life was 
dedicated ; for though employed in the diplo- 
matic service of his country for 37 years, he 
unremittingly carried ou his labours as a 
scholar, and always regarded public questions 
under the aspect of their bearing on the moral 
and religious welfare of man, governing his 
publications by his convictions on these points. 
In the pursuit of the aims thus indicated, he 
studied successively the languages and anti- 
quities of the Germanic, Indo-Persie, Semitic, 
and Egyptian peoples, the fruit of his investi- 
gations being enbodied in his : — 

(!) "Description of Bane," 1819; (2) " EgypTs 
Place in tke World's History," 184S; (3) u Hipmlytui 
and hit Age," 1862 ; (4) " Outlinet of a rkitotiphy 
of f nivcrsal Jtittory," 1864 ; (s) "Signs of the Times," 
1SS5; (6) " ffod in History," 1S6J-6B j and lastly his (V) 
" Hibcl- Werk," or Critical Text of the Bible, with com- 
mentaries, which he did not live to complete. 

The titles of these writings will indicate 
the fact that the studies and employments 
which over came nearest to his heart lay in Ihe 
direction of theology, believing as he did that 
the revivification of practical Christianity was 
the "essential condition of universal well- 
being" — of " the salvation of Church and 
State." 

"It is my conviction," he lays (1S21, et. 20), "that 
all communion essentially consists in a common belief 
in tbe facta of tbe redemption of the human race 
through Christ ; but when . . , a congregation is to be 
thereby formed, three points must be considered : first, 
agreement by means of a theological expression of tbe 
points of faith ; secondly, congregational discipline ; 
thirdly, a common form of worship." 

It was ibr the third of these that Bunsen 
felt himself especially called to labour; 
writing in 1821 ; — 

" When I thought myself in my Ute illness .on tbe 



brink of eternity ... I enquired what I ought to make 
my calling if God should prolong my Ufte . . , and 
my theological labours'! rested as the quarter in 



which my culling was to be sought. My thoughts 
were bent principally on my liturgical enquiries." 

Iu 1822 he composed the Liturgy still in 
use at the German Chapel - on the Capitol, 
followed in 1833 by his Vtnuch einet allge- 
metnen etangeVinehen Getang- und Gebeftwcls, 
containing B34 Hymns and 350 prayers. In 
Germany the tendency of the centuries that 
had elapsed since the great age of hymn- 



BUNSEN, C. C. J. 

■writers had been to adapt their language 
and modify their thought* in accordance with 
modem tasto till, ns Bunsen Bays, "Almost 
everywhere do wo find tho admirable ancient 
hymns driven out of use by modem ones 
which are feeblo and spiritless." Luther's 
asperities of diction and metre liad to be 
softened down, in order io fit them to be 
sung in an age rejecting nearly all but iambic 
or trochaic verses, and moreover each govern- 
ment, sect, or school of opinion, thought them- 
selves justified in remodelling the older No- 
tional Hymnody according to their own ideas, 
till at length little remained of their pristine 
rugged glory, they were defaced past recogni- 
tion. 

Bnnsen's object in his Ternteh was to prof ide 
materials for a national hymn-book for the 
whole of Protestant Germany, irrespective of 
territorial, ecclesiastical or sectarian divisions. 
To this end he sought oat the finest German 
hymns, and his selection includes a large pro- 
portion of the best hymns in the language with 
no limitations of party. The success of Bun- 
sen's work in Germany at large was attested 
by the rapid sale of an enormous edition, but 
when a reprint was called for be published 
instead a smaller cd. of 440 hymns. Tho motive 
was his patriotic ambition to produce a handy 
volume like the English Book of Common 
Prayer, and he fondly hoped that when the 
volume was printed at the Bauhe Haus in 1816, 
it would speedily supplant the locally intro- 
duced Oesangbilcher of the 18th and 19th cen- 
turies. Tins hymn-book has in fact been 
adopted for public worship by eomo individual 
congregations in Germany, and by many scat- 
tered throughout Australia, New Zealand, &c, 
but it never became a National Hymn-book. 
Bunsen was among the first to go back to the 
authors and their original texts, and the abridg- 
ments and alterations he made were done with 
tact and circumspection. Perhaps nothing, 
however, can better prove the high estimation 
in which Bunsen's first " epoch-making" work 
is held than the fact that his work of 1833 
has been republished as : — 

AUgemeintt JfranpcIftcAet Geianff*und-Gd>eb&iKh 
mm Kirektn-vM&S&itiaebrauGk .- In 'sattia netter Beat' 
tettuagwM Albert Pitcher. Gotha, F. A. Perthes 18S1. 

and that this republication, or rather recast, 
was conducted by the first German hyninolo- 
gist living. _A parallel case of inability to 
command universal acceptance for pnblio use 
on the one hand, and of renovating influence 
on national hymnody on the other, is that of 
Iiord Selborne's Book of Praise. Before the 
date of its publication in 1862, little or no 
regard was paid to original texts. Sinoe then, 
however, few collections have been published 
in Gt. Britain and America in which the prin- 
ciple laid down by him hns not been followed 
with more or less fidelity. 

But it is not Germany alone, or even 
perhaps most widely, that has profited by 
Bunscn's zeal for hymnology: Through tho 
medium of translations suoh as those of Miss 
Oatherine Wiukwortb, Mr. Massie, Miss Cox, 
and others, many German hymns are as fami- 
liar to English and American readers as to 
Gormans. Tho Lyra Germanica (of which 
more than 30,01)0 copies have been sold in 
England and probably as many more in Ame- 



BCHDE, SAMUEL G. 



193 



ncaj is a household book whorover English is 
spoken, and few, if any, collections of hymns 
that have appeared in England or America 
since its publication havo been compiled with- 
outeomo hymns taken from the Lyra. 

But no sketch of Bunson would be complete 
without mentioning that ho himself had no 
mean talent as a writer of sacred poems. 
Some of these pieces are given in his Bio- 
graphy, nnd one is noted under ** O lux beata 
Trinitas." Perhaps the whole scope of Bun- 
sen's life-work can scarcely be summed up 
better than in his own words written in 1817 
[aet,26]. 

" To study and then to set forth the consciousness of 
God in the mmd of man, and that which, In and through 
that consciousness, he has accomplished, especially fa 
language and religion." [g. \^.1 

Bunting, William Maelaridie, e. of 
Dr. Jabez Bunting, a well-known Wesleyan 
minister, was b. at Manchester, Nov, 23, 1805, 
and educated at the Wesleyan Schools at 
Woodhouse Grove, and Kingswood, and at St. 
Saviour's Grammar School, Southwark. In 
1821 ho enttirod the Wesleyan Ministry, and 
continued in active circuit work for twenty- 
five years. Failing health then compelled 
him to retire upon the Supernumerary list, 
when he took up his residence in London, 
and d. there on Nov. 13, 1866. In addition 
to editing tho Seleet Letters of Agnet Btdmer, 
&c, 1612, and engaging in other literary 
labours, he contributed hymns to the Methodist 
Magazine (under the nom de plume of Alec) 
from time to time, and specially 43 to Dr. 
Leifehild's Original Hymn*, 1812. Of these 
Dr. Leifchild rejected 8, and abbreviated 2. 
In 1812 these 10 hymns were pub. as An In- 
strument of Tea Siring*, ttrtmrs in aid of the 
Wetleyan Mission*, By Alee. Other hymns by 
him were included in his Memorials, &c., pub. 
by the Bev. G. S. Bowo in 1870. Although 
a few of these hymns have come into C. U., 
they have failed as a whole to command public 
attention. Those in C. U. are ;— 

l. Blessed are the pure la heart, They have, be. 
Purity. 

a. BlestSplrltJ from the Eternal Sire. Holy Spirit. 

3. Dear la the day which Hod hath made. Sunday. 

4- Father, our child we place. jiUy faptim. 

s. Holy Spirit, pity mo, Lent. 

6. O blessed, blessed sounds of grace. After Anton. 

T. O crucified, triumphant Lord. Holy Baptism. 

8. O Gad, bow olteo hath Thing Mr. BttmoSnff tkt 
Cnamnt. Written in 1S34, and given In the %. to 
the Wtt. M. at., 1830. This Is the test known of hi* 
hymns. 

». Then doeet nil things well. God all in all. 

Most of these hymns are iu the revised TPei. 
B. Bk., 1875; Nos. 1-4 and fi were in Dr. 
Leifehild's Original Hyttuit, 1812, and all are 
in the Memorial*, 1670. [J. J.] 

Bunyftn, Jolm. This great allegoric 
cannot be included amongst hymn writers, 
except on the grouu.it that the piece, "lie that 
is down noixls fear no full," frum pt ii. of his 
Pilgrim's Progress, 1684, is given in a limited 
number of hymnals. The Bon of a mechanic, he 
was b.atBlstow, 1628 ; wasa Baptist minister 
at Bedford : and d. in London, Aug. 1633, 

Biirde, Bamuel Gottlieb, was b. Dec. 7, 
1753, at Breslau, where his father was koc[icr 
of St. Barbara's Church. After studying law 
at the University of Halle, he was (1770-78) 
tutor and superintendent of a charily school 



194 



BUBDEB, GEORGE 



at Breslau. He then became private secretary 
to the Cabinet minister 'von Haugwitz, was for 
two years employed in the department of 
Forestry, and after being for some time secre- 
tory to the department of Finance at Breslan, 
was appointed member of the Aulic Council 
and Director of Cbancery at Berlin, where he 
d. April 28, 1831 (Koch, vi. 319-322 ; Attg. 
Deutsche Biog., iiL 581-82. Fischer, ii. 432, 
says he died at Breslau). 

As n hymn-writer be vu by some of his contempo* 
rerles reckoned nearly equal to Gellert, by others os 
superior. Of the some 100 hymns which he composed, 
the beat appeared la bin Gtistliche Poetieen, Brvslau, 
11(1, and Ha GeitfSfca* Oedichte, Btealau, 1B1T. FIv» 
have been tr. Into English. These In C. U. are :— 

i. Stall ond dornioht 1st der P&d. [Christian 
Warfare.'] lat pub. 178T as above, p. 24, in 
5 st. of 6 I., entitled "The Lord's Warrior." 
Included, as Ho. 1908, in Knttpp's Ev. L. 8., ed. 
1865. 7>. as :— 

I. Steep and thorny 1» the way To our home. A 
good and full (r. by Miss Coi in her Sacred H, from 
the German, 1841, p. 109. St. L-iv., altered and 
adapted to St. Simon and St. Jude are No. 146 In 
Rorison's Coll., 1851, Revised for Lyra Ewcha- 
ristka, 1863, p. 207, and her .ff. /rom tiU German, 
1864, p. 175. 

S, Steep and 13»rny is tiie way Loading oa. Good 
and full tr. contributed by Edward Jackson as 
Ko. 189 to Dr. Hook's Church School If. Bk., 1850, 
and repeated as No, 319 in Mercer's C. P. and H. 
Bk., 1855 (Ox. ed„ No. 200), and in Robinson's 
Parochial Psalter, 1860 and 1869. 

Other tn. are i — 

(i) v Lo ! atecp and thorny la the road/' by Lady B. 
Fbrtacve, 1843 (18*1, p. 4E). (s)« Steep and thorny 
Is the way On to life," by Dr. B. ttillt, IMS (IBM, 
p. 151). 

II, Vena der Hen ainst die Gefugnen. [Conso- 
lation.'] Founded on Ps. cixvi. 1787 as above, 
p. 61, entitled " Longing after the Liberty of 
the Children of God," in 3 at, of 8 1. In Knapp's 
Ev. L, 8., 1837, No. 2402 (1865, No. 2103> It 
i> tr. as: — 

"When the Lord reoalU the bantsh'd. A good and 
full tr. by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Oer., 
2nd Series, 1858, p. 227, repeated in her C. B. 
for England, 1863, No. 199. Included in Ken- 
ned;/, 1863, Flett's Coll., Pauley, 1871, the Ohio 
Luih. Hymnal, 1880, and others. 

Tr,* hyouu net in ^n^itA O. TJ, ota i — > 

iiL Oar IWhling i*t eraohlentn. [ffpriwi.} lat 
pub, 1811 as above, p. 118, ai So, G of tbe "Edifying 
Hymns for Country People," lo S st. Tr. aa • 'TIS 
Spring, tbe time of singing," by Mtsa Bnrllnghatn, In 
toe British Beratd, Hay, UN, p. Mi, repeated aa No. 
406 In Reld"a Praiu Bk., 1912. 

ir. Hieht mete ale metne Xtifte tragen. fAt 
Sfc*«™.J 11SI as above, p. n, fa 6 St. Tr. as "Not 
more than I have strength to bear," by Mist Warner, 
IStiS (1881, p. «8), 

v, Vii wellsa Fflger -<'■"■"'■ rpOgrimaai of 
Lifi.^ 1181 aa above, p. 18, In IS st. IV, aa " We are 
but pilgrims here below," by Dr. S. Millt, IS4S (18S8, 
P- I«). [J. M.] 

Burder, George, b. in London, June 5, 
1752, and trained as an engraver. At theage 
of 24 heoottimenced jircaebing with the Col- 
vinist Methodists, but subsequently joined (he 
CougregBtianaiiBts,and was pasfcrriMiecessivoIy 
at Lancaster, Coventry, and Fetter Latia, 
tjondon. He was one of the active founders 
of the Eoligions Tract, the London Missionary, 
and the British and Foreign Bible Societies, 



BURGESS, GEOBGE 

and some time editor of the Evangelical Mayor 
sine. Hod. May 29, 1832. His works inolude 
Village Sermons, 17i)4 ; Sea Sermons, 1821 ; 
Cottage Sermons, 1826, and others. He is 
known to hymnology by his Collection of 
Hymns from various Authors, intended as a 
Supp. to Dr. WatU,&o., 178i. (Preface dated 
Nov. 20, 1784.) It had attained to tlie25thed, 
in 1827. To this collection he contributed 

4 hymns, the best known being, "Sweet the 
time, exceeding sweet" (a.. v.), sometimes 
altered to "Great the joy when Christians 
meet." The remaining three, all from the 1st 
ed. 1784, are :— 

1. Come, dear Desire of nations, come. Mistiant. 

2. Oome ye that know and fear tbe tod. Love of 
6<ti. In IJr, Hatfield's Obti«ft a. Bk., K.Y., 18T2, 

5 at, out of 9 are given as No, 338. 

3. Lord,eoletnnlxeourtrlfilnginlndB. Defers Sermon. 
Altered to " Great God, imprest our trifling minds," In 
the S. Cong., So. 186, &c. 

Border's Coll. is of importance in the history 
of Congregational hynmody. The 1st ed., 
1784, contained 187 hymns; 2nd ed., 1784, 
211 ; 9th ed., 1803, 257 hymns; 18th ed., 1820, 
277; and the last, the 25th ed., 1827, 204. 
His son, Henry Foster Burdor, pub, a Coll. of 
Fe. & Hys., 1826 ; and another son, the Rev. 
John Border, also compiled a Coll. pub. with- 
out date. To tbe 18th ed., 1820, of G. Bur- 
dor's Coll, tho wife of his son H. F. Burder 
contributed " And will theGodWhoreignaon 
high" (Sunday Schools), under the signature 
" S. M, Border " [Bophia Maria], [J. J.] 

Burgees, Daniel, s. of a clergyman, b, 
at Collingbonrne-Docis, Wiltshire, 1645 (some 
accounts say 1647), was educated at Oxford, 
where he became a Fellow. Eventually he 
married, and losing his Fellowship, was in- 
troduced to the Earl of Cork, who appointed 
him his chaplain and gave him an inoum- 
bency in belaud. Owing to his undoubted 
talent and agreeable manner he appears to 
have met with much success, until, through 
entertaining some new and strangely wild 
notions, he lost both the favour of the Earl of 
Cork and the living. He returned to London, 
and being well received by certain Dissenting 
ministers, joined their communion, and made 
known his secession from the Church. How- 
ever, the oliange in his conduct was more 
marked than ever, and ultimately lie ceased to 
be a credit to himself or his profession ; d, 
1718. In the year following appeared his 

Psalms and Xymsis and Spiritual Songs, by the lata 
Bet. Mr. Donitt Bwrgtts, Minister of Pu Ootid. This 
work was edited by John BUllngaley, and lor a time 
attracted some attention. fj. X. B.l 

Burgees, George, s.n. Bishop Burgess 
was b. nt Providence, Rhode Island, Oct. 31, 
1809, and graduated at Brown University, 
1826, where he was for some time a tutor. 
After studying for two j-oars in Germany, he 
took Holy Orders, and in 1834 became Rector 
of Christ Church, Hartford. In 1647 he was 
consecrated Bishop of Maine, and also entered 

rn tlie Rectory of Christ Church, Gardiner, 
d. in Haiti, April 3, 1868. His Life was 
pub. by his brotherinlSGB. His works include 
The Book of Psalms translated into English 
Verse, 1839 ; The American Metrical Psalter, 
N. T,, 1864 ; and Poems, Hartford, 1868, His 
Psalms and Hymns in use are ; — 



BUBGKSS, HENRY 

1, Lord, in Thy Kama we epiead the saili Sailor's 
Hymn. This hymn is included in his Poems, 1868, 
n. 268, but is of unknown date and origin. The 
hymn, " While o'er the deep Thy servants sail," 
is on altered form of this hymn to be sung on 
behalf of sailors. It was apparently rewritten 
for the Connecticut Psalma and Hymns, 1845. 

!, The harvest dawn it near, Ps. esxvi. From 
his version of Ts. exxvi., Book of Psalms, &c, 
1839, beginning with st. r. Also (lis Amor- Met. 
Psalter, p. 250, It is widely used, 

3. The floods, Lord, lift up their voice. From 
Pa, xciii. in his Boot of Psalms, 1839, st. iii., 
found in his Amer. Met. Psalter, p. 179, 

*.. Winn forth from Kgypt'a tremhling stmnd. 
Ps. cm From his Book of Psalms, 1839, And 
Psalter, 1864. It has been included in Spurgeoa's 
0. 0. H. Bk., 18G6. 

Of there hymns Noa. 1 and 2 are found in 
almost every rooent American collection but 
thnt of the Protestant Episcopal Church. 

[F. M. B.] 

BmgeBSt Henry, lm>, was b. Jan, 30, 

1808, and educated at a Dissenting College 
at Stepney. After labouring as a Noncon- 
formist Minister for several years, he was 
ordained, in 1850, by the Bp. of Manchester, 
end officiated for some time in that diocese. 
In 1861 he was preferred to Whittlesey Vicar- 
age, Cambridgeshire, where ho d, Feb, 10, 
1886. He was i.l.d. of the University of 
Glasgow, and ph.tj. of the University of G5t- 
tingen. Of his numerous works tliat which 
is associated with hymnology is : — 

Select Metrical Bymns and Homilies of J^Ahkib 
Sgrut. Translated firm Ms original Svnae, witkan 
introduction, and Historical and Fh&mogieal JVWet. 
London: E. B. Blackadder, IBM. 

These (r»„ although unsmted for congrega- 
tional use, because of the rugged blank verse 
form given them by Dr. Burgess, may yet be 
adapted, and with success, for C. U. 

Buried beneath the yielding wave. 

B. Beidome. [Holy Baptism.] Pub. from 
Beddomtfs mbs. in his posthumous Hymns, 
See., 1817, No. 603, in 5 st of 4 1., from wnenoe 
it has passed into numerous collections In G. 
Britain and America. Orig. text in Spur- 
geon'e O.O.iT.S*,,No.925. In someAmenoan 
collections it is dated 1787 in error. 

Burled In baptism with our Lord. 
[Holy Baptism.'] Two centos beginning with 
this first line ore in C. U, They are: — 

I. Hymn No. MI in the Moravian LStMraj) and Jfynuu, 
1M», hi 2st, of 4. 1, of which st. I. to fwmX Hart's Sum. 
B&mtu, Sk^ If S3, No, f 6, st. i. ; and St. it to from the 
Moravian H. BK 11 so, So. M4. 

3. In the American Service ef Song for Baptist 
(Marches, Boston, 18T1, ISO. 831 to thus composed :— 
st. i., II. from Hart's hymn as above : st, ill., the second 
stansaof the Bfaravlan cento, slightly altered. 

Buried in shadows of the night. 1 
Waits. [Christ our Wisdom.'] 1st pub. in his 
Hymns & S. Songs, 1709, Bk. J., No. 87, in 5 
st of 4 ]., and beaded, " Christ onr Wisdom, 
Righteousness," Ac, I Oor, i, 30. In J. Wes- 
ley^ Ps. <fc Hyt., Chorlestown, South Carolina, 
1736-7, No. K6, it was given with tho omission 
of st. iii. This form was repeated with altera- 
tions in Toplady's Ps. & Sy$., 1776, No. 306, 
and others. It is found- in several modern 
collections both in G. Britain and America. 



BURLEIGH, WILLIAM H. 195 

Burleigh, William Henry, an active 
reformer and member of the Unitarian body, 
was b. at Woodstock, Connecticut, Feb. 12, 
1812, and brought up on a form at Sfoinfleld 
in the same state. In 1837 he went to Pitts- 
burg, Pennsylvania, where, having been pre- 
viously apprenticed to the printing trade, he 
pnb, the Christian Witness and Tempernnee 
Bonner. In 1843 he undertook tho duties of 
editor of the Christian Freeman, at Hartford. 
From 1849 to 1855 ho was agent of the New 
York State Temperance Society; and from 
1855 to 1870 Harbour Master at New York. 
Died at Brooklyn, March 18, 1 871, Hi s poeti- 
cal pieces and hymns were contributed to 
various periodicals and journals. Many of 
these were collected and published as Poems, 
Phfla. in 1841, This volume was enlarged by 
additional pieces, and republished by his 
widow, in 1871. The dates of these hymns 
and poems are most difficult to determine. 
Where possible they are given in detail. It is 
somewhat curious that Burleigh's hymns arc 
generally more extensively used in England 
than at home. The introduction of some of 
his best compositions into the English collec- 
tions is due to the Lyra Sac. Amer,, whence 
they were mostly taken by the compilers. 
Those in use in G. Britain and America are : — 

1. FadMfromtttsweettnefaiewelllight. Night. 
This poem, entitled "A Psalm of Night," is given 
in his Poems, N. Y., 1871, pp.275-fi. Although 
not in the 1st ed. of his Poems, 1841, it was in 
C. D. as early as 1844. It is in 5 at. of 8 1. From 
it the following centos have come -nto C, 0. ; — 

{!) " Day nnto day utteretn speech." This Is composed 
of St. 1U.-Y., and was given in the Christian Byt. of the 
Cheshire ftutoral Association (Amer. Unitarian), 1SU, 
as an "Evening Hymn." 

(S) "O Holy Father, mid the calm." This cento In 
Longfellow and Johnson's Bk. of Byi., 1S46, and their 
Hyt. of (*e Spirit, 1864, be. Is compiled of st. iv.-v. 

f3) " Not only doth the voiceful day," No. K4 in Long- 
fellow and Johnson's But. ef the spirit, 1HS4, Is com- 
posed of st.ti.-in'. Anotnerarmngement beginning with 
the same stanza is in the Lyra Sac. Jmtr., p. 41. 

(4) " The brigtitenlngdawn and votoefuj day" In the 
jrynuuiry {Lond.^ 18T2, to, altered from the Lyra Sac. 
Amer. u above, with the addition of a doxoloajy. 

In and through these various fonna, the naa of thto 
hymn is very extensive. 

2. Father, beneath Thy sheltering wing, Xritst 
and Peace. Appeared in Longfellow and John- 
son's Hys. of the Spirit, 1864, No, 471, in 4 st. of 
4 1. It is given in many American collections, 
and in the Bap. Hyl., 1879, Herder's Cong. Hys*, 
1884, and others in O. Britain. Orig, teat in 
LyraSac. Amer.,?. 39, with "Mat" for "which" 
in st. it 1. 4. 

I. tot the seat love that kept na throng* the 
night. Morning. From Poems, 1871, into Bor- 
der's Cong. Hymns, 1884. 

4. Prom piofirandest depths of tribulation. Lent. 
This appeared in the Supp, to Hedge and 
Hnntington's Synms, &c (Unitarian), 1853, 
N o 843. 

5. Lead as, Father, in the paths of pease. Divine 
Guidance. No. 32 of the Lyra Sac. Amer^ in 4 st 
of 4 L, being "A Prayer for Guidance." With 
English compilers this hymn ranks nmongst Bnr- 
leigh's productions next in popularity to No. 8, 
and is found in most of the collections there 
named. 

6. Hot In vain I ponied my aupplieation. Lent. 
Thia is a continuation of the anme thought as 
No. 4 preceding, and follows it tn the same Supp. 



196 BURMEI8TER, FRANZ J. 

7. deem not that earth's crowning liliUi 
JUiwmity. This, passed from the £yra i&tcra 
jimer., 1868, into the Eng. Bap. Hymnal, 1879 ; 
H order's Gong. Hye., 1884, and others. It ia in 
his room, 1871, p. 258. The hymn, " From 
lips divine, like healing balm," in the Metho- 
dist Episcopal Hymaalj N, Y., 18T8, is a cento 
fiom this hymn. 

•. Btill win we taut thong* earta H«mi dark 
and dreary. Faith. Appeared in the Lyra Sac. 
Amer* 1868, pp. 43-44, in 5 st, of 4 1. This is 
the most widely adopted of this author's hymns 
by the English compilers. It is given in same of 
the best collections, as the N. Cong., Thrmg, 
Harder, the Bap. Hymnal, Atton, iro. 

9. Then is a beautiful land hy the spoiler untrod. 
Heaven. Dr. Cleveland (Lyra Sac. Amer., 18(38, 
p. 298) says, "This piece was first published in 
the Independent, Jan. 18, 1866." 

10. They whohavekejrttheirstirit'svirgln whits- 
mas. Purify. In Lyra Sac. Amer., 1868, p. 46. 

11. Then Who look' it with pitying eye. Lent. 
In Lyra Sac. Amer., I8G8, p. 47, 

IS. Through the changes of the day, Evening. 
From his Poems, 1841. It is given in the LyrJ 
Sao. Amer., p. 50, the S. P. C. K. Ps. and Hyt., 
1852, Thrlng's Coll., and others. 

19. Wt ask not that our path ha always bright. 
Trust in Qod. From the Lyra Sac. Amer., 18U8, 
into Horder's Cony. Hys., 1884. 

14. hTOwn gladneae gilds oar prosperous day. 
Good tn all. Also from Lyra Sac. Amer. into 
Horder's Cong, Hys., 1884. 

It has been already noted that Burleigh's 
hymns have a more extended use in G. Brit, 
than in bis own country. Tho foregoing notes 
will also show tli at his productions ace more 
widely known and used outside of his own 
donominntion than by his own people. Con- 
cerning the hymns included in the Lyra Sac. 
Amer., Dr. Cleveland, the editor, says, " Most 
of these beautiful hymns of Mr. Burleigh's 
were given to me in MS. by the author," but 
lie does not indicate what was now and what 
was eld. [J. J.] 

BuxmeiBter, Franz Joachim, was a 
native of Litneburg. He was ordained at 
Cello, May 4, 1070, and instituted as diocomiB 
of St. Michael's Church, Iiiinebnrg, July 10, 
1670. TniB post he held till his death at 
Luneburg, April 21, 1072. Ho was a friend 
of Bist, who crowned him as n poot in 1659, 
and in 1660 received him into hU order of 
Elbe Swans. (Koch, iii. 448-450 : Allg. Dettt- 
tche Biog., iii. 028 ; vs. from Seininarlehrer 
Bode, Liineburp.) His hymns were mostly 
contributed to the musical works of J. E. Ahlc 
of Mtthlhauscn, 14 being set to mueio and 
pub, by AMo in 1662, at Miihlhausen, as Neue 

Setttliclw auff die hohen Feettage durcht gantze 
ahr geriehteU Andachten. Those tr. into 
English are: — 

i. Da keuaho Beele du. [Visitation to Eiisa- 
csrtA.] 1st pub. 1662 as above, No. 13 in 6 st. of 
i i., entitled on the » Festival of .Mary's Visita- 
tion, On ber visitation journey." As the hymn 
is very rare, the first and last sts. are here quoted 
frpin a copy kindly sent from Miihlhausen i— 
I. 
Du keusche Soele da, 
Der Weiber Licit und Sonne, 
Und deines Joseph'e Wonne 
Gehst nach Elisabethen is. 



BURNS, DAWSON 

Doinen Glnuhcn dnrt in stirken 
An des Ailerbtfchaten Werken. 

vi. 
Die Wett 1st aolch ein Ort, 
l&rln irlr Gastfrist pflcgcn j 
Bold moss metn Lcib «ch.legen, 
Daiui geht der Gelat von hlonen Fort, 
Jeans woll' lm Tod > nnd Leben 
Mir sich xum Gefabrten geben. 

Tlie only tr. in C. U. is :— 

Thou virgin toull then. By Miss Wink* 
worth in her C. B.for England, 1863, No. 82. 

ii. Was soil ioh, liebstsa Kind. [Epiphany,'] 
1st pub., 1662, as above, No. 4, in 4 st. of 4 1., 
entitled "On the Festival of the Holy Three 
Kings." In the Berlin G, L, S., «d. 18G3, No. 212, 
Tr. as : — 

Blessed Babe divine. A good and full tr. by 
Dr. Kennedy as No. 104, in his Hymno. Christ., 
1883. [J. M.] 

Burnbam, Richard, b. 1749, d. 1810, 
was for many years pastor of a. Baptist Church 
in London, first in Xittlo Chapel Street, and 
afterwards in Grafton Street, Soho. He is 
said to havo been an excellent preacher. Hu 
hymns, 452 in all, were pub, as follows: — 

yew jrymnt on Divert Sutjeeit, Lond., Gilbert and 
Hummer, 1TH3. This contained 141 hymns. A 2nd ed. 
with 7t additional hymns ss Jfisw Xymtu on Variotu 
Subject* (same publishers), 17SS. To this was added 
Jr'e» JIjfm«» on Divine Lose, ehiejty dttigned for Levi 
feactt or ChrUtiatt Soeietia (SS hymns and 3 poetical 
pieces), Lond., W. Smith, but no date (cir. 17ST). Hie 
3M ed. of the ta, Ac, is dated 1T94, the Mb 1796, and 
the 6th 1303. This last contains 462 hymns. In addi- 
tion 3 hymns were printed at the end of a Sermon on 
Belieter'e Baplim, 1806, and many others on leaflets 
which have not been reprinted. 

Bumham's hymns rank with the most in- 
tensely Calvinistio in tho English language, 
and have bten much used by congregations of 
Calvinistic sentiments. In the last edition of 
Grudsby's Set. there are 20 ; in Denhom's Bel. 
82 ; and in Soepp's Songs of <?. & G. 10. His 
best known hymns arc, '* Jesusl Thon art the 
sinner's Friend," and "O glorious God of 
grace." The following, from the editions of 
his .Hymns, &c, indicated in brackets, are still 
in C. U. :— 

I. Free grace, melodious sound [1TA4]. Grace. 

a, God In Three appears oil glorious [1 IBB], U.Trinity. 

3. Groat Jehovattti love endnreth [17S4J. God un- 
chongeotjte. 

*. How trulynlorlouslsthBlove [18031, iowe/ffod, 
la Snepp's S. of a. it a., 1873, this Is altered by Hiss 
Havett$aL, 

6. Jtsus dr^we the chosen race [1YS4], Election, 
a. Luve will I ever Bing [179S], Love of God. 

7. Now I know the great Redeemer [L7&4J, Tkt Ad- 
vocate. 

8. The goodness of our glorious God [1791]. Divine 
Goodnctt. 

ft. The people of the Lord were chosen, &c. [170S], 
Election. 
10. Wbo can e'er fathom God'e riob love [1803], Love 

o/ aod. rw. b. S.] 

Burns, Dawson, s.d„ b. in 1828, in South- 
work, London, in tho second s. of Dr. Jnbcs 
Bums. He entered the ministry among the 
General Baptists in 1851, nnd for a number of 
years was his fatlier's colleague at Church 
Street Chapel, Kdgware Road. Ho is now 
without pastoral charge, and devotes himself 
chiefly to liternry and public work in connec- 
tion with the Temperance Reformation. He 
is the author of several important works on 
the Temperance question, and of numerous 
contributions to periodicals and public con- 
gresses. Iu 1884 he published Bays of Sacred 



BUBNS, JAMBS D. 

for the Church and Home. Besides 
iptnre Studies and other poems, it contains 

39 hymns for Public Worship. One of these, 
" Gladsome we hail tliis day's return" (Be- 
union), appeared in 1879 in ihe Bap. Hymnal, 
and has been Tery frequently used on anni- 
versary occasions. Others are of (sufficient 
merit to ensure their adoption as they become 
known. In 1882 Dr. BurnB received the hono- 
rary degree of t>.b. from Bates College, Maine, 
U.S. [V. B. a] 

Burns, James Drummond, u.a., was 
b. at Edinburgh, February 18, 1823. He 
studied and paduated m.a. at the University 
Of Edinburgh. In 1845 be became Free 
Chorah minister of Dunblane, but resigned 
through felling health, in 1848, and took charge 
of the Presbyterian Church at FtmchaL, Ma- 
deira. In 1855 he became minister of Hamp- 
stead Presbyterian Church, London. Died at 
Mentone, Nov. 27, 1864, and was buried in 
Highgate Cemetery, Loudon. His hymns 
appeared in : — 

(1) TV Virion of JYortrw ; and other Foam (Edln., 
Edmonton end Dwtlu). Tnis was originally published 
in ISM, ami enlarged in I8SS. The Poems are distin- 
guished by vivid colouring and poetic Lmsginstlon, along 
with directness, delicacy of execution, pensive sweetness, 
andtendemess. They have never however become widely 
popular. Included are 39 " Hymns and Meditations, 
some of which rank among the very best of our modem 
hymns lor beauty, simplicity of dktkm, and depth of 
religious feeling. PO I*« Xeming Hymn (Lend.. T. 
Nelson A Sons), I9«. This consists of an origins] hymn 
and an oripjnarprayer for every evening in the month*— 
31 In ill. TbeBj-mnsandPrayenallkearechariictedsed 
by reverence, beauty, simplicity, and pathos. Borne of 
the hymns tn this volume arc now well known; a* 
"Stilfwith Thee.Omy God," "Hushed waa the evening 
hymn," "As helplessis a child who clings." (3) Memoir 
and Stmaaa of Out tote Ben. James I). Burnt, M.A., of 
Batmtead. By the laie Urn. Jaaet Hamilton, D.c, 
(Tjond,, J. Nlehet k Co.), 18*9. Besides 13 Sermons and 
the Memoir, this work includes 40 " Hymns and Miscel- 
laneous Pieces." A number of these had appeared in 
periodicals. Some of them are very good though not equal 

40 those previously published. Also 3B Translations 
of German Hymns, which appeared in the -ftuntfy Trea- 
sury, 4c are rendered exactly in tlic metres of the ori- 
ginals and many bad not previously been translated. Toe 
translations are generally very good. (4) Burns also 
wrote the article Bamn in the 8th ed. of the Sncy. 
Brtt. [J. M.j 

Burns, Robert, This poet's lifo had 
little in common with hymnology, although 
some of his pieces, in common with a few 
of Byron's, hare come into use in G. Britain 
and America, ills life, from his birth in the 
parish of Alloway, near Ayr, Jan. 25, 1750, to 
his death, at Dumfries, July 21 , 1706, was one 
of varying lights and shallows, and has been 
told uisewhere, frequently and eloquently. It 
remains for us only to name his sacred pieces, 
their origin, and their use. Those in C. U. 
are : — 

1. Thau great Being! What Thou art. Lent. 
Rains's account of this piece as entered in his Common* 
place Book, under the date of » Match, 1184," Is a— 
" There was a certstn period of my life tbat my spirit 
was broken by repeated losses and disasters, which 
threstened, end indeed effected, the titter ruin of my 
fortune. My body, too, was attacked by that most 
dntsdfaL distemper a hypochondria, or confirmed melan- 
choly. In this wretclied stale, the recollection of which 
makes me shudder, I hung my harp on the willow- 
trees, except in some lucid intervals, in one of which I 
composed the following, ' Oh, Thou Great Being! what 
Thou art, be.'" Chambers says In his i\ft and Workup 
Buna, lSM{Iibrary ed„ lSSe),vol. Up. 61, thst finan- 
cial and physical downfall was in 1181, when the poet 
was 23. At the saras time he wrote, "Winter, a Dlige." 
Prom the latter the hymn :— 



BUBTON, JOHN 



197 



!■ Hum Fawn Supreme, Whose mighty scheme. 
trust in God, is taken. The second piece was pub. in 
his Foam, Kilmarnock, 1T86, and the first in Amu, 
Edinburgh, im. dig. text in Chambers's Life, vol. 1. 
pp. flj-*a. The title of the first is "A Prayer, written 
under the pressure of violent anguish." 

S. Thou unknown, Almighty Cause, Death anti- 
cipated. This was written at 0* age of 28, during an 
illnesB in the summer of 1784. In his Comroonplsco 
Book be calls ft, " A Prayer when fainting fits and other 
alarming symptoms of a pleurisy, or some other danger* 
ona disorder which still threatens me, first put nature on 
the alarm." Under the title " A Prayer In the prospect 
of death," it was included in his Poena, Kilmarnock, iras. 

•L The [that] man in lift wherever placed, ps. i. 

f . Then, the first, the greatest Friend. Pt. tetx. 
Chambers (Life, vol. I. pp. 84-67) hss given tliese two 
Fsalm versions to the same date as No, 3, and attributes 
them lothe same cause. They were pub. in the Edin- 
burgh ed. of his Potmi, 1W. Orlg. text in Life, to, 
vol. I. pp. ss-87. 

These hymns were all Included in Dr. 
Maitinean's Hymns, Ac., 1840, and are also 
found in other and later collections both in G. 
Brit, and America. [J, J] 

Burton, John, b. 1773, in Nottingham, 
where he resided until 1813, when he removed 
to Leicester, at which town he dkd in 1822. 
He was a Baptist, a very earnest 8. School 
teacher, and one of the compilers of tlie Not- 
tingham S. 8. U. H. Bk., 1812. ThiB book 
readied the 20th ed. in 1861. The 1st ed. 
contains 43 hymns which have his signature. 
Ho is known almost exclusively by one hymn, 
"Holy Bible, book divine" (q.v.). He wns 
also author of The Youth's Monitor in Vent, 
a series of Little Tales, Emblem*, Poem* and 
Songs (1803): of the Young Plantation, in 
verse ; The Shrubbery, and other similar pro- 
ductions for tl;0 young. Bobert Hall wrote a 
recommendatory preface to one of his works. 

[W. E. 8.] 

Burton, John, jim., a popular hymn- 
writer for children, was b. Jaly 23, 1803, at 
Stratford in Essex, in which place he carried 
on business as a cooper for about 50 years. 
Ho d. in 1877. Mr. Burton was a member of 
the Congregational body, and n. Deacon of the 
Chapel where he attended. His contributions 
to hymnody began in 1822, when lie sent 
Ids first production to the Evangelical Maga- 
zine. He continued to contribute to that and 
other periodicals for many years, bis signa- 
ture in the former being "Essex, J. B.," and in 
the Child's Companion' 1 J. B.Estex," His pub- 
lications are : — 

(1) OrtS Hundred Original Hymn* for the Jtntna, 
1850; p) llytnni fat iMOe Children, isBli (s) The 
Child-Lxfeqf I>avid ; (+) The Bookqf Psalms in x*gli*h 
!'«■«, 1B71; (6) Scripture Chatattert in Vera, *c 

His Hymns for Little Children, containing 54 
pieces, hns been republished in Philadelphia, 
U.S.A., as My Own Hymn Book. Ho also 
contributed to the UnionH. Bh.for Settolars, 
1840. Some of his hymns have attained n 
measure of popularity, including " O Thou 
that nearest prayer, "Como, let us sing 
our Maker's praise," and many others. In 
addition, the following are also in O. U, : — 

1. Ohfidrea who are gone to glory. Sdititt* days. 

S, Children, yon have gone astray, /nwYatton, 
Pub. in the ChUd'i Companion, April, ISM, and his One 
Hundred ifystnt, I860, &c 

S. Come, let us sing 'our Maker's praise, j®, 
Orphtmt. In hie One Hundred Hyi., 1850, No. 88, in 
st. of 4 1. 

4, Father rf mereics, hear; 0b us, *g, a 



198 



BUTCHER, EDMUND 



iafivenec implored. In his One Bandred Bui., I860, 
Ho. »?, In 6 at. of 4 1. : and partly re-wrltten In 2 st, of 
B L in Kennedy, 186*, No, 1209, beginning : " Father 
Of mercies, hear The rmg Iftjp thiiOrtn raise, 

S. Ood is lore, delightful troth. Love of fflod. 
Tub, In the C&tfd-'j Companion, Aug., I83&, and again 
in hie Oik Bun&rtd Hys., ISM, No. 20, in S at, of 4 1, 
It la given in the Silver St. S. S. B, St., 1880. 

8, Happy would It be for me. .Eferfji Pfefy, 

7. Hark i a. itQl small voiee ia heard, cftrijf '» 
lose /or Cnffdren. This appeared In the Child's £Shh- 
miln, July, 1838, and the revised ed. of the l/nton 
B. Bk. for Scholart, 1849 ; and again in his One kin- 
dred flyi., &a, 1850, No. 14, in 4 st. of 6 1. It la tn 
various collections. Including toeJ&tt. S. &JT.ift,187» 1 
and others. 

8, Heavenly Father, we draw nest The*. Sunday 
School*. Pub. in his One Bm&rid Byi,, 18110, &c. 

B. I often say my prayers. Prayer. Alsofromihe 
Vhion B. Bt., lWo ; into Major's St. <jf Praia, &c. 

10, None ii like Qoi, whe'reigna above. Omnipre- 
sence. Dated 1849, and given In his One fltmdral Bju., 
No. 4, in 5 et. of 4 1, It Is reprinted in several school 
collections, as Stevenson's School Bymnat, 1980, No. 139. 

11. Pilgrims wa an and strangers. Life a Pil- 
grimage. From the Evangelical Mag., 1839, a at. of 
8 1., commencing **Novr let our praise be given," and 
beaded " The Pilgrim's Song," Into toe Bap. Pi. <G Byi,, 
1899, No. 663 , in 4 st. of 8 E, st. I. being omitted. 

IS, Remember thy Creator mfi Early Piety. 
From the Child's Companion, Sept. 1983, Into his One 
Hundred Byi., 1850, and tbe Xeth. S, S. B. Bk., No. 243. 

18. Saviour, while my heart is tender. Earlypiety. 
Also from tho Ob* Hundred Byt. It Is In the Bap. 
ffymnal,lS?9i Herder's Cong.Byi., 1384; and others. 

11. That kind eye which cannot sleep, pmni- 
tcience. But tittle known. 

15. The Lord attends when ehildren pray. Prayer, 
let printed In the ChUtUt Companion, July, JS3S, and 
again In Dec. 183T, and In tbe revised ed. of tbe Union 
B. Bk., 1840; and his One Hundred Bys., 1960, No. 31, 
In 6 et. of 4. 1. It is in several collections, Including 
Dr. Alton's Children'! Worship, 18JS, &c 

18. Though we are young our sins are great. 
Lent. Intboreviseded.ofthePn«m.ff. J Bfc,1840;iuidMB 
One Bundred Hys., 1860 (in the latter as " Though I 
on," &c), No. 9, in e at. of 41, It is included In Major's 
Bk.tf PraUe,bc. 

IT. "We do not leva Thes as we enght. Lent. In 
the Jfrfifc. S. S. B. Bk., 1S7S, No. 2B6. 

IB. 'Why did Jesus eome from heaven 1 Paatan- 
tide. From bis One /AMdi-ed Bye., 1360, No, 61, in 
I at. of 1., into Major's Bk. of Praise. 

10. Why should wo spend our youthful deyst 
Touthfut Piety. Printed In tlie Child's Companion, May, 
1835, in bis One Hundred /ty».,1850, and as No. 263 in 
tbe Usth. S. S. B. Bk., 1879. [J. J.] 

Butcher, Edmund, b. at Colchester, 
Essex, in 1757, and brought up as a linen- 
draper. After undergoing a preliminary 
training for the Unitarian Ministry, he was 
appointed to the charge of Leather Lane 
Ctiapel, Holborn, in 1789. From thence he 
removed to Sidbury Vale, Sidmouth, in 1798. 
Died April 14, 1822. Memoir in the Christian 
Moderator, 1827. His works inolude Picture 
of Sidmouth; Tvur through, various part* of 
England; Sermons, to which are addea suitable 
Hymns, 17i)8 ; and the Substance of tlie Holy 
Scriptures Methodized, 1801. His hymns were 
given in the two latter works,in tho Protestant 
Dissenters' Magazine (of which he was some 
lime editor) ; in Kippis's Collection, 1795 ; the 
Christian Guardian, 1802-1808; Aspland's 
Set., 1810; and from his Mss.it] Hawse's Selec- 
tion of Hymns and Psciims, 1837. They num- 
ber 116 in all; lint few, however, have attained 
to any position in modern hymnals. These 
include the following: 

1, Blest is the man that [who} fears the Lord. 
Pt. evil. Fub. In tbe Exeter Unitarian Coll., 1813, In 
t at. of 4 1. It Is iu C. U. lu G. Britain and America. 



BY CHBIST BEDEEMED 

S. Father of all, where shall we find! j>. Wor- 
ship, tn Dr. Uartineau'a Hyi., 1040, fa. 

5, Great God, as seasons disappear, Harvest. 
This is the most popular of his hymna. It la annotated 
under its first line, 

4, Bosanna I let us join to slug, J&aiurecKon. 
Contributed to Aspland's Stl., 1810, No. 290; and re- 
peated in Dr. Maruneau's ^i, ia40,^», 

6. With deepest reverence at Thy throne, cod's 
UnsearchabUmeu, This Is In American C. XT. as in 
Lattdet Jtomini, 1894, No. £48. It was contributed to 
Aspland's Stl., 1810, No. 1«. [J. J.] 

Bv0bt dftapTflfldrav. St Joseph of the 
Studiitm. This is a portion from the Triodion 
of the Canon at Lauds for the Sunday of the 
Prodigal Son, answering to Septnagesuna of 
the Anglican Church, and now in use in the 
Greek CI lurch. The Canon was written about 
the middle of tho ninth century. Dr. NeeJo's 
tr. of Odes vii. and viii., Trop. 2, 3, in his 
Hymns of the B. C., is thus introduced :— 

" The Sunday before Septuafestma, and Septugeeiina 
itself, are, respecUvely.in the Greek Cnureb, tbe Sunday 
of the Pharisee and Publican, and the Sunday of the 
Prodigal Son, those parables forming; the jtospel for tbe 
day, and serving for tbe keynote to the Omcea." 

Dr. Nealo's translation, "The abjsa of 
many o, former sin," is in 5 st. of 6 1. The 
foregoing not© shows the appropriateness of 
the Odes to the service, specially Dr. Neale's 
st. iv. (H. E. C, 1862, & 128). In 1872 this 
tr, was given in tho Symnary, No. 217, as, 
" The deep of many a former sin." [J. J.] 

Butterworth, Joseph Henry, n.A.,of 
Exeter College, Oxford, graduated b.a. in 
1836. On taking Holy Orders ho was succes- 
sively Curate and Vicar of Stapleton, near 
Bristol, 1846-69, and Incumbent of St. Paul's, 
Cannes, 1870. Mr. Butterworth's hymns 
were contributed to the 1st ed, of Chope's 
Hymnal, 1857. They include a few trs. and 
tho following original hymns : — 

1. Spirit of Wisdom I guide Thine own. Confirma- 
tion. 

3. Thou, Lord, Wlio know'at the hearts of men. St. 
Ifcomai. [J. J.] 

By Christ redeemed, in Christ re- 
stored, (?, Sawson. [Holy Communion.'] 
"Written in 1857 for, and 1st pub, in, iho Bap. 
Ps, <mkJ Hys., 1858, No. 741, in 6 st. of 4 1., and 
appointed for " The Lord's Suiiper.*' It is a 
hymn of more than usual excellence), and bos 
attained to a greater position hi modern hym- 
nals than any other of the author's numerous 
compositions. The text was revised by the 
author for his Hymnt, 1876, No. xxxv. Orig. 
text, Bap. JPs. and Hys., 1858, In Thriiiffs 
Coil, 1882, st. iv., 1. 3, is changed from "By 
one blest chain of loving rite," to " The shame ! 
tlte glory 1 by ikis Rite? The greatest altera- 
tions, however, arj found in the S. P. C. K. 
Church Hymns, 1871, No. 205, where in addi- 
tion to minor alterations, including tho open- 
ing line to: — "By Christ redeemed, to God 
restored," wo have tbe following lines; — 
" His body broken in our stead, 

Is here, in this memorial bread ; 

And so our feeble love is fed. 
Until He came I 
" Hie fearful drops of agony. 

His life-blood sued for us we see : 

Tbe wine shall tell tbe mystery, 
Until lie come! " 

transmuted into the weak stanza; 



BY COOL SILOAM'S SHADY 

" H1b Body ■loin noon the tree, 
His Lift-blood, sued for va, vc hc t 
Thai filth ihull read (he mystery, 
Until He oome." 

It is but just to add, however, that « They 
irate compressed into one verse with consider- 
able reluctance by the editors, with Mr. 
Bawson's kind permission, in dofereuoe to the 
judgment of others." (Notes on Church Hynmi, 
folio ed., p. xlix.l The American use of this 
hymn in its original, or a slightly altered 
form, is very extensive. [J. J.J 

By coed Siloam's ehady fountain 
[rill]. Bp, JB. He&er. [^m»fca*y.] In its 
original form as "By cool Siloam's shady 
fountain," this hymn was given in the April 
So. of the Christian Observer, 1612. It was 
subsequently rewritten in c. w. as "By cool 
Siloam's shady riH," and pub. In his posthu- 
mous Hymn*, Ate, 1827, in 6 st. of 4 1., 
for the 1st Sunday after the Epiphany. From 
the Hymns, it has passed into a great number 
of hymnals both in G. Britain and America, 
sometimes in full, and again with tho omission 
of one or more stanzas, and is most popular ns 
a children's hymn. Authorized text in Ste» 
venson's Hys. for Ch. & Home, 1873. [J. J.] 

By faith in Christ I walk with God. 
J. Newton. [Faith.! A second hymn on 
"Walking with God," Gen. v. 24 (tho first 
being Cowper'a "O'for a closer \salk with 
God "), given in the (Xney Hymns, 1779, 
No. 4, in 7 st. of 6 1. It is found in a few 
collections both in G. Britain and America, 
including the Westminster Abley H. Bk., 1883 ; 
tho Amer. Bap. Servies of Song, 1871, 4c 

By faith the upper choir we meet 
C. Wesley. [Praise to Christ.'] This hymn is 
No. 191 in the Church Pastoral*, Boston, 
U. S. A., 1864, and is composed of st. iiL, iv. 
of " A thousand oracles divine " (q.v.). 

By the picture of Thy passion. [Pas- 
tionttde.] C. Wesley. 1st pub. in the 
Wesley Hymn* on the LordTs Supper, 1745, 
No. 87, in 8 st. of 3 1. In 1867 it was 
included in the People's H., No. 471, with 
the alteration in st. iii. 1. 3 of " Thy blood's 
appealing, 1 ' to " Thy Blood appealing." In 
the Hymnary, 1872, it begins with st. ii., 
"Jean, let Thy sufferings ease me," and is ap- 
pointed for Fridavs throughout the year. Orig. 
text, P. Worla, 1868-72, vol. iii. p. 277. 

By Thy victorious band struck 
down. 8. Broome. [Lent."] This cento, as 
riven in Spurgeon's 0. O. H. Bk., 1866, 
No. 570, is composed of stanzas from various 
hymns in 8, Browne's Hymns and Spiritual 
Song*. 1720, as follows:— st. i. from No. 10; ii. 
from No. 9; iii. from No. 13; iv. from No. 
J 1 ; v. and vL from No. 16. It is a most suc- 
cessful arrangement of the stanzas solected, 
and well adapted to its purpose. 

Byles, Mather, d.d., b. 1706, educated 
at Harvard, 1725, d. 1788. He was an 
eminent Congregational Ministur of Boston, 
and, for his time and place, an elegant 
scholar. He corresponded with, and was woH 
thought of by the English wits and literati. 
His Toryism brought him into trouble at the 
Revolution, oausing him, in his own words, to 
be " guarded, reguarded, and disregarded." 



0. F. H. 



199 



His Sermon* were pub. at various dates from 
1729 to 1771, and his Poems in 1727, 1736, and 
1744. Of the Appendix to Tate and Brady, 
pub. by 6. Knceland in 1760, he edited 
hymns 77 to 100 inclusive, of which hymns 
78, 79, and 80 seem to be his own. Part of 
Na 78, beginning with st. vil., * When wild 
confusion wreotei the sir," Is a Judgment 
hymn, and has been included in Belknap's 
Selection, 1795, and later in the Plymouth 
Coll, 1855, No. 1111, the Bap. Praise Book. 
1871, and others. His hymns are unknown 
to English collections, [F. M. B.] 

Byrom, John, m-a^ p.B.s.,b. at Manches- 
ter, Feb. 29, 169}, baptized the same day, and 
educated at Merchant Taylors' School, and 
Trinity Colleger Cambridge, where he gra- 
duated B.A. 171} ; h.a. 1715. He was elected 
a Fellow of his College in 1714. After study- 
ing medicine for a time at Montpallier, ho 
returned to-London, and earned his livelihood 
by teaching shorthand. Elected r.iw, hi 
1724, and succeeded to the family estates 
about the same time. Ho d. Sept. 28, 1763. 
His Poems were first pub. in 1773, iu two vols. 
In 1814 a more complete edition was issned 
by Nichols, of Leeds, From these Poems less 
than half a dozen hymns have come into com- 
mon use. One of these, however, has a repu- 
tation which has extended to all English- 
speaking countries. We refer to his " Chris- 
tians, awake ! " (q.v.). His hymn, " My spirit 
iongeth for Thee, is also worthy of attention. 

[J. J.] 

Byron, Qeorge Gordon Mod, Lord, 
b. in London, Jan. 22, 1768, d. at Missolonghi, 
April 19, 1824. Lord Byron's name is asso- 
ciated with hymnody through a few pieces 
from his Hebrew Melodies, 1815, being in use 
in a limited number of hymnals, and these 
mainly in America. These include : — 

1. The Assyrian came down like the wolf on the fold. 

2. The knuc was on his throng, 

3. The wild gaxelle o'er JwLib'u hills. 

Lord Byron's Works with Life and Letters, 
by T. Moore, in 17 vols., was pub. by J. Mur- 
ray, London, 1832. [J, J.] 



C. in the Bristol Bap. Coll. of Ash & Evioib, 
17U9, i.e. B. Cruttendtin. 

C. in Collyer'a Hymns, &c, 1812, i.e. J. 
Coiider. 

C. in New Golden Shower, N. Y., 1870, i.e. 
Frances J. Van Alstyne, nee Crosby. - 

C. C. T. in the Leeds Hymn Book, 1853, 
and others, i.o. Child's Christian Year. 

C. El in Elliott's Ps. & Hyt., 1835, i.e. 
Charlotte Elliott. 

C. F. Hg». by C. F. Birmingham, 1861, i.e. 
Christina Forsyth. 

C. F. H. Verses for Holy Seasons, lSlfi.i.c. 
Cecil F. Alexander, nee Humphreys. 

C. F. H., author of The Child's Book of 
Praise, Loud., 1873, i.o. Claudia Francos 
Ht-rnaican, nee Hioteoo. 



200 



C. H. I. 



C, B. I. Sonqs in Borrow and Song* in 
Joy, Edinburgh, Taylor, 1864, Le. C. H. Inglis. 

C. H. Ii. 8. in the Evang. Lutheran Hym- 
nal, Columbus, Ohio, 1880, i.e. O. H. L. 
Sohnette. 

C. lb S. Within the Veil, Le. Charitie L. 
Bancroft, nee Smith. 

C. & J. W. in various old hymn-books, i.e. 
C. 4 J. Wesley. 

C. W. in same, i.e. C. Wesley. 

Cabot, Eliza Lee. [rollen, I. I.] 
> Caddell, Cecilia Mary. This writer 
has published: — 

(1) Flower and Fruit; or y the JTse of Teart, 186St 
(1) Blind Agnae ; or, the Little Spotae of the BUtttd 
sbenwwnt, lssd; (») The Martyr Maidtnt, a Tale In 
hysterical iWet itie^mdf, IsiB; (1) HtUU mtterttitt, 
IWI ; ($) Summer 3ulkt about lottrdet, isH. 

Her hymns include : — 

1. B*Wd tin ltllee of th* fl*U. J*™***!!!**. In 
Hie Dominican B. Bk,, 1881, and others. 

», It is finished! Be bath sstn [wept]. Good Fri- 
day. In the People*! H^ lftft, and others. From Z^rra 
Jteuiamca, 2nd ed., 1865. [J, J.] 

Call all who love Thee, Lord, to 
Thee, [rA« Second Advent.] This cento is 
oompoBed thus : — Uio first four lines and the 
last line of the hymn are from P. J, Bailey's 
poem, Festus, 1839, and the rest are by Q. 
Rawson. It was 1st pub. iu the Leeds H. 
Bk., 1853, No. 664, in 3 st. of 8 1., and is re- 
peated in Mr, Bawson's Hymn*, ice, 1876, 
p. 120. It is in several modern collections, 
including the Baptist Syt, 1879 ; Herder's 
Cong. Hymns, 1884, and others. [J. J.J 

Call Jehovah thy salvation, J. Mont- 
gomery. [Ps. acci.] The «a. of thta version of 
Pa xci. is not preserved with the h. msb. The 
paraphrase 1st appeared in Montgomery's 
Song* of Zion, 1322 ; in 5 Bt. of 8 1., and again 
in his Original Hymns, 1853, No. 145. As a 
hymn for congregational use it ia generally 
given in an abbreviated form, both in the older 
and in modern collections, as inKennetty, 1863; 
the Wee. H. Bk., 1875; and otlicrs. Orig. text 
as above. [See English Psalters, §xvii.] In 
America it has attained to a good position, and 
is sometimes found as, '* Call the Lord, thy 
sun salvation." From this hymn olgo, the 
hymn, " God shall charge His angel legions," 
is taken. It is composed of st. iv. and v., and 
was given in the American Prayer lih. Coll., 
1826, and later hymn-books. [J. J.] 

Callaway, William Fleetwood. A 
successful writer of hymns for children, and a 
Congregational Minister at Birmingham, was 
tho s. of the Kev. John Callaway, for some 
time a Westcyan Missionary in Ceylon. Mr 
Callaway was 'b, at Stafford, March 17, 1831. 
On the death of bis father in 1841, he was re- 
moved into Cornwall. From thence ho passed, 
in 1853, to York, where, influenced by the 
preaching of tho Rev. James Parsons, he took 
a decided religions course, and joined the Con- 
gregationalists. Following up his commercial 
pursuits he went from York to Wem, Shrop- 
shiru; and from thence to Birmingham. 
Having been engaged for some time as a lny 
preacher, when the pastorate of the Highgnte 
Chapel, Birmingham, fell vacant in 1861, he 
received an invitation to preach. This led to 
his settlement as the pastor of that congrega- 
tion. He d. May 22, 1880. Mr. Callaway's 



CAMEBON. WILLIAM. 

hymn-writing began with compositions for 
Sunday School Anniversaries. He proceeded 
to compose words for German tunes for men's 
voices only, and ultimately assisted the late J. 
Curwet), with hymns and songs, in his Tonic- 
sol-fa movement Of his hymns the following 
have come into C. U. -' — 

1. Alar, while Jesus pasaeth by. Sealing the Lepers. 

1. Jesus watched the children ploying. Chritt the 



3. To Jacob's well the woman went. Water of Life. 

4, Vainly o'er the weary oar. Stilling the Tempest. 
These descriptive hymns wen written lor Curwcn'a 

New Chad's Own M. Bk. during 1813-1, and were lat 
pub. therein in 1ST*. In addition then are : — 

a. God loves little children. S. 8. Anniversary. 

t. Saviour, most gracious and loving. S. S. Anni- 
versary. 

These were written lor bis own S. School, and 1st pnb. 
In Curwcn'a New Child's O. B. Bk. in 1ST4. 

). How oft, Lord, young English hearts. Child's 
JtfMtaft Htfsut. 'Written faran Anniversary of tbeLon- 
don Hiss. Boc held In Blimingtuun in lSJS, [J, J.j 

Calm me, my God, and keep me 
oalm. S. Bonar. [Peace.'] Appeared fn his 
Hymu of Faith and Hope, 1st series, 1857, in 
6 st of 1 1., and entitled; " The Inner Calm." 
Its use in G. Brit is fair, but in America 
it ranks in popularity with the finest of Dr. 
Bonar'sliymns. Inoneortwohymn&lstheopen- 
ing line is altered to "Calm mo, blest Spirit, 
keep me calm," as in Nicholson's Appendix 
Hymnal, 1866, but this is not popular. [J. J.] 

Calverley, Charles Stewart, m.a,, s. of 
ttie Bev. Henry Blayds, some tixno Vicar of 
South Stoke, near Bath (who took the name 
of Calverley in 1852), was b. at Martley, Wor- 
cestershire, Dec. 22, 1831. He entered Harrow 
in 1816, from whence he passed to Oxford, 
but coming under the censure of the autho- 
rities, he migrated to Cambridge in 1652, 
where, after gaining some of the best classical 
prizes of that University, he graduated first 
class in Classical honour*. In due course he 
was called to the Bar and followed tho Northern 
circuit. He died at Folkestone, Feb. 17, 1884. 
He is known to hymnody through several Ire, 
from the Latin, which he made for the Hym- 
nary in 1871, and were pub. therein in 1872. 

[J. J.] 

Calvinistio Methodist Hymnody. 

[Webb. Hymnody, § ii.] 
Cambridge, Ada. [Owes, Ad*.] 
Camerarius, Joachim. [Eber, p. iv.] 

Cameron, "William, m.a., seems to have 
been b. in 1751, at or near Pananich, a hamlet 
near Ballater, Aberdeenshire, his father, a son 
of Cameron of Glen Nevis, being apparently 
then a farmer in tho parish of Olenmuick. 
He studied at the University of Aberdeen 
(Marischal College), where he graduated m.a. 
in 1770, was ordained parish minister of Kirk- 
newton, Midlothian, in 1786, and d. at Kirk- 
newton, Nov. 17,1811. Though not a member 
of the Committee appointed by the General 
Assembly of 1775, to revise the Scottish Trans- 
lations and Paraphrase* of 1745-51, yet tho 
burden of revision seems to have fallen upon 
him (probably through the influence of Dr. 
Hugh Blair), as to him are ascribed the changes 
made in 1775-1781 in no less than 31 of that 
collection, which in the 1781 are numbered 
thus ;— Nos. 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 22, 24, 26, 32, 34, 36, 
39-43, 45-47, 49-52, 54-57, 59-61, 63, G5-<i7. 
He is also Baid to be the author of Nos. 14 and 



CAMP ANUS. JOHANN. 

17, in the 1781 collection, and to have altered 
See. 5, 12 of those first included there. His 
published works are : — 

(l) Potmt on Kn*mj &nbjM*(Ed[n., Gordon ft Mar- 
lay}, 1T90, containing 8 poems, 3 fables, and 30 lyric 
Does, two of which an called hymns, ft) Foemt on 
Antral Ottattont (Edin., A. Constable fc Co.), 1813 ; 
with 3 poems (1 ftora Hat), 3 (able* (from 1)80), and 
33 lyric ode*. Of the lyric odes 6 are eo-called hymns 
(1 from I»S0),aud S are Psalm versions. Of the re- 
maining twelve, T are from hla 1T88 volume, and 8 — 
Including a continuation of Dr. Seattle's JUnttrtL, In 
two books— printed for the first time. But neither 
volume contains any of- the original-hymns or teoastslie 
Is said to have contributed to the JVaiuioMoiu and 
Parapkraut of list. 

The ascriptions above are taken from the markings by 
Cameron's (Meet daughter In a copy of the Ptaitu and 
Pamphrataltaatj tent by her eon, Mr. B. G. SWar, of 
Bexley.Kent. Another son, Mr. W. C. Hilar, of Black- 
heath, London, pooBMncs a us. volume of poems by hla 
grandfather, which, however, like the printed volumes, 
eontsuunoneofthei'oTaiArawtoriJSl. ToCsmeron, 
Ho. 13 of the 1)81, and the ehangee made. In 1781, on 
Hoe. 13, IE, and Hymn Iv. have been eraaetunea ascribed, 
but theyare not assigned to him in his daughter's mark- 
ings. These markings thus apportion the remainder of 
the Scottish contributions:— to Logan, Hos. 8-11, IT, 31, 
53, 88, and Hymn v., besides No. *8, which be merely 
attend, -and No. As, in which he probably had no snare : 
to Logan and Mnison, No. 38 [ to Mtrlkn, Hos, 19, 31, 
3», 30, 3C, besides No. 38, which more probably owea Its 
form in 1781 to Brna at Lagan; to Blair Hoe. 4,33, 
M, M (a cento): to BQbtrtton, Hoe. »6, 38, 43, « : to 
MaeMoeftvHo. 16: to Randall, Ko. «: and to t^Sltte, 
Ho. 81. They also give Logan as alterer of Hos. 3, 

18, 33, IS, from the IT+Wl ; and of Ho. 38 or those 
added In 1781. Brace's name la never mentioned. Koa. 
8, 13, 18, 33, 83, an ascribed to Watts — so far as we can 
see without shadow of proof— while the recast from 
Watts, Ho. SO In 1T8I, ia ascribed to Itanaall. 

A list by the late Principal Lee of Edinburgh (now, 
as revised by the late Dr. David Lalng, in the possession 
of Mr.WmlamBonar,Kenaln*ton,l<rndon% professedly 
baaed on a list In the possession of Cameron, differs in 
ascribing Ho. 13 of the 1781 to Cameron, and the altera- 
tions on Nos. 13, IS t white not ascribing to him the 
■iteratlona on* Hos. 6, 33, 88. It marks as anonymous 
from the 1J4B, Nos. 23, 30, 30 (>), Sit, SO. The recast 
from the 1746, Ho. 38, It ascribea to Lagan, and the recast 
No. BO, from Watts, is given asanonymous from the 11*8. 
[See Soetttah Trans, and Paraphrases.] [J.M.J 

Campanus, Johamn, was b. on Jane 24, 
c. 1565, at Wodnlan in Bohemia. At the Uni- 
versity of Prog (Prague), he graduated b.a. 
1592, lr.A. 1596. In 1592 he became master 
at Iglan, thereafter st Teplltz, and then 
profeasor at KSnigingratz. He was in 1596 
appointed Beotor of the St Heinrieh school, 
in the Neiutadt, Prag, and in 1600 Rector at 
Kuttenberg. Ultimately he became Professor 
of Greek and Latin and of Bohemian History 
in the University of Prag, where he was some 
time Dean of the Philosophical Faculty, and 
in 1612 Beotor of the University. He died 
at Prag, Deo. 18,1622. 

Brought up at Wodntan as a Hussite, he became a 
Lutheran j then a Catvtnlst swag in 1818 assessor of the 
Utraqulst Consistory of the Tcyukirche In the AUstadt, 
Prag; and on Hoy. 1&JS23, formally became a Roman 
Catholic. Hla Latin' Vcislon of the Psalms, pub. at 
Prag, 1611, and his Latin Odes, Pnu, 1G13, were intro- 
duced for the senior scholars to sing in church and 
school. A complete od. of his aacnxl poems appeared as 
£ncraru» Odarum Libri Duo. Quorum Prior PtaUnot 
Davidtoot, posterior kytaaot Hominicalet ct /triolet 
eontfaet. Acattcre Qantioa Cantfmrum in Odaria 
lill. nee turn Mdodiat pro ostnious Ptalmit, Odis, <fi 
CttKiitenm Odariis, tfuidemAuthorii. Frenkfurt-sm- 
Main, 1018. nVemteerode.] A fullllstofhla worksii 
given in hla BiograjX.it, by O. J. Dlabcz, Prag, ISIS. 

Two of hi* poems hare passed into English: 

L Berando aseU deuuant. Advent. 1st pub. 

in hia Odarum Saerarmn. Liber Posterior, Prag, 

1612 [Strohow, Prag.}, p. 1, " Ode 1, De Adveiitn 

Domini," in 5 at. of 4 I., with the heading ; — 



CAMPBELL, ETTA. 



201 



R Sol Chrietue est, roe Chrietus est, hk quern rlgot 
Fovetque, frigua pelllt, aestum mltigat. 1 ' 

It appears in a full and good German fr. In 
Johann Franek'a Geistiiches Ban, 1674, No. 2, 
(ed. 1846, p. 2), beginning: — 

« lhr Himmel trflpfelt Than in Eil." 
Franek'a version was included in the 1688 (Ko. 
317) and later eda. of Criiger's Praxis pietatis 
melica ; in Bunsen's Versuch, 1833, No. 85, and 
hia Alig. 0. B., 1846, No. 29. Bnnsen, 1833, p. 
878, calli it " One of the moat profbnnd hymna 
of that believing yearning, which recognises in 
the Incarnation of Christ the pledge of the 
union of God with the sonL" The only fr. in 
C. U. from Franck is : — 

Ye heavens, ah haste year dews to shad, in full 
in the 2nd Series, 1858, of Hiss Wiakworth *s 
Lyra Ger., p. 3. Thence as No. 20 in her C. B, 
for England, 1863, and as No. 15 in Bosworth's 
Coif, 1865. St. ii.-T. beginning, "0 living 
Sun, with joy break forth," are included as No, 
121 in Dr. Thomas's Attgvttine B, Bk., 1866. 

Another fr. la "Descend, ye heavens, la gentle 
dews," by Dr. 6. Walter, 18M, p. 38. 

U, Tent Bedsmptn gentium. Advent. Ode ji. 
of hia itisr Posterior ed,, 1612, p. 2 (1618, p. 
276), in 7 8t. of 4 1., headed « Ex hymno Am- 
brosii 

11 Alvus tumesdt vlrginls 
Quautam potest vis Numinls." 

Two stanzas may be compared with the 
Ambrosian, viz. : — 

" Tent Redemptor gentium, 

Pulchrum renlde lllium 

Splendore fubjene flamnwo : 

Hie partus est dlgnus Deo ! " 
vU. 
" Prsesepe lam tnum mlcat, 

Lumenqne noctts emicat, 

Quod nulla lux interpoltt 

Ut luccat plus ouam aolet." 

A full and good German tr. by Johann Franck, 
beginning "Komm, Heiden-Heiland, Losogold," 
appears in C. Peter's OetstlicAe Arien, Gaben, 
1667, No. 1, repeated in his own Geistliehes Sion, 
1674, p 1 (ed. 1846, p. 1); and-included in 
many subsequent collections as the Berlin G. L. &, 
ed. 1863, No. 1596. The form tr. into English 
is that in Bunsen's Versuch, 1833, No. 78 
(1881, No. 11). Buasen, doubtless not knowing 
that it was a direct tr, from Campanus, calls It 
at p. 878 " the only successful version from the 
Ambrosian hymn fVeni Redomptorl more pro- 
found and delightful than the Latin." Bunsen 
omits st. U-, iB., and alters i. t iv. The fra. in 
C, U. are :— 

1. Bedesmer of the nations, come. By Hiss 
Winkworth in full from Bwtten in the 1st 
aeries of her Lyra Ger., 1855, p, 186, repeated 
in her C. B. for England, 18413, No. 23, and in 
Dr. Thomas'e Avgwtine H. Bk., 1866. 

t. Oame, Kautem of our captive raos. Prom 
Bunsen, omitting his st. iii., as No. 3 in Dr. Ta- 
genstecher's Coll., 1864, signed " F. C. C." 

S. Gbrr of Thy ehosen nee. in full from 
Bnnsen by Dr. F. J. A. Hort for Church Hymns, 
1871, No. 70, with an added doxology. [J. M.] 

Campbell, Etta, sometfrae a teacher in 
Morristown, New Jersey, is the author of : — 

1. Come, ye children, sweetly siaj, <r«tut Me Cfttf- 
dwn'j Vritnd. Appeared In B. P. Hsmmond's Praitft 
of Jet*t. 1884 ; hla Ntvt Praiut of Jttut, 18S9 ; and iu 
other collections, fncludingseveiafmQ. Britain. 

1, 'What maana this eager, amdeua throne, Jttnt 
passes 0#. Written durlngareuglouB revival InKewarit, 



202 



CAMPBELL, JANE M. 



B.S., 1803, and pub. fn &mg Ktfwfei. It la found in 
severs! collections, mil was rendered exceedingly popu- 
lar In Great Britain by Mr. Sanltey la bis Evangelical 
loor with Mr. Moody, 1814-6. [J. J.] 

Campbell, Jane Montgomery, daugh- 
ter of the Rev. A. Montgomery Campbell, b. 
in London, 1817, d. at Bovey Tracey,Nov. 15, 
1878. Mies Campbell contributed in 1861, 
a number of trt. from the German to the Bev. 
C. S. Here's Garland of Songs ; or, an EnglUh 
Liederkranz, 1862 ; and also to bis Children's 
Choral Book, 1869. The best known and moat 
widely used of these tr*. is a portion of " Im 
Anfong war's auf Erden," as the harvest 
hymn, "Wo plough the fields and scatter " 
[see CUudWj. Miss Campbell also pub. A 
Handbook for Singers, Land., S. P. C. K. k.d. 
This small work contains tho musical exercises 
which she taught in her father's parish school. 

[J. J.] 

Campbell, Margaret, Lady Cock- 
burn, nee Malcolm, eldest daughter of Sir 
John Malcolm, o.c.c, married, June 20, 1827, 
to Sir Alexander Thomas Cockburn-Campbell, 
Bart ^ouo of the founders of the Plymouth 
Brethren hi England), and d. at Alphington, 
near Exeter, Feb. 6, 1811. Her hymns were 
printed in lithograph fmm her MS. for private 
circulation. In tht) Plymoutli Brethren Ps. c£ 
Syt., Lond., Wolther, 1812, some of these 
hymns were given, and thus came into C. V. 
The best known is, " Praise yo Jehovah, 
praise the Lord most holy." [J. J.] 

Campbell, Robert, Advocate, of Sher- 
rington, Scotland, was b. at Troohruig, Ayr- 
shire, Dec 19, 1814. When quite a noy he 
attended the University of Glasgow. Though 
showing from his earliest years a strong pre- 
dilection for Theological studies, eventually he 
fixed upon the Scottish law tie a profession. 
To this end he entered the Law Classes of the 
University of Edinburgh, and in due course 
entered upun the duties of an advocate. Ori- 
ginally a Presbyterian, at an early age he joined 
the Episcopal Church of Scotland. Ho become 
a ssealeus and devoted Churohman, directing 
his special attention to the education of the 
children of tlm poor. His classical attainments 
were good, and his general reading extensive. 
In 1848 he began a series of translations of 
Latin hymns. These he submitted to Dr. 
Nosle, Dr. Mills of Ely, and other competent 
judges. In 1850, a selection therefrom, to- 
gether with a few of his original hymns, and a 
fimited number from other writers, was pub. as 

itymrtf awl Anthemt for Uk in the Holy Service of 
the Church within the United Diocete of St. Andrem, 
Dtmkeld,aiid£tiitblanc, Edinburgh, R. Lendrntn i Co. 

This collection, known as the St. Andrews 
Hifmnal, received the special sanction of Bp. 
Torry, and ftas used throughout the Diocese 
for some years. Two years after its publica- 
tion he joined the Roman Cutholio Church. 
During the next sixteen years he devoted 
much time to tho young and poor, He d. at 
Edinburgh, Doc. 29, 1868. 

From his collection of 18(0, four in. were given In 
B. A.<t M., lSSV'M the Lamb's high react we sing ; " 
11 Come, pure hearts, in sweetest measures;"" Yc Clwire 
ef New Jerusalem ; " "Ye servants of ■ msrtyr'd God " 
(altered). Attention was thereby directed to his trt. 
They are smooth, musical, and well sustained. A largo 
number, not included in his 1SG0 collection, were left by 
him in ms. From these Mr. O.Shipley has printed several 
In his Anmut Sanctnt, 1864. (c. less.) f J J ] 



CAN CBEATUBES TO PEBFEOTION 

Campbell, Thomas, the Poet, has little 
in common with hymnody. A few of bis 
pieces, including, " When Jordan hushed its 
waters still," are found in a limited number 
of hymnals. His poetical works, The Plea- 
tares of Hope, Gertrude of Wyoming, and 
others, Wreoeen reprinted several times. He 
was b. at Glasgow, 1777; d. at Boulogne, 
1814, and was buried iu Westminster Abbey, 

Camphiiyeen, Dirk Bafelaaoon, B , of 
Rafael Camphuysen, surgeon at Gorlucheiu 
or Gorkum, Holland, was b, at Gorkum, 
1586. Up to bis eighteenth year he was 
a pupil of the painter Diderik Govertzc 
At the University of Leyden he studied 
theology, and embraced tho opinions of 
Armiuins, After acting for some time as a 
private tutor, he was appointed master of tho 
fourth form in the Latin School at Utrecht, 
and occasionally preached in the Cathedral 
Church. In 1615 he was appointed preacher 
at Vlenten, but after two years was accused of 
being a Remonstrant, ana forbidden to preach. 
Thereafter he led a somewhat troubled life, 
principally as a bookseller, residing at Amster- 
dam, then at Norden, in East Frleslond, and 
at Harlingen. After a nine months' slay on 
the island of Amoland, he obtained leave to 
settle at Dokkum, in Fricsland, where he 
became a flax merchant, aolncing himself in 
the intervals of business with the composi- 
tion of poetry. He d. at Dokkum, July 9, 
1627 (AUg. Deutsche Biog., hi. 739-740 ; Kobus 
and Bivecourf s Biog. Sandvioordenboeh, Zut- 
phen, 1854 ; A. J. van der Aa's Biog. Woor- 
denboek, Haarlem, 1855, iii. pp. 81-88. Tho 
notices of tho 1C21 and 1628 e.ds. of the 
Bymen have been kindly supplied by Dr. H. C. 
Bogge, Amsterdam). 



" His religious poetry," says Sir John Bowring, "is 
superior to any which preceded It fin Holland]. There 
Is a pure and earnest feeling throughout, an Intense con- 



viction of truth and an elevated devotion." His poems 
are contained in his SKcAtolyfce Bvmen, 1st pub. in two 
parts st Hoorn, 1024 [University Library, Amsterdam] ; 
a third part being added In an ed. h. f. n. r>., cir. 1628 
[do.]; and a fourth In the 12th ed., Rotterdam, 16GS 
(18tb ed. Amsterdam, lSWr). One of the best-known Is;— 
Wat is d» Keester wl)a an goedt. May-Song, let 
pub.tnpt.iii..ed. 162s,p. 621, in IS st. of 41. In. the 
ed. Amsterdam. 1641, p. 283. entitled " May Morning 
Hymn of Contemplation." Sir John Bowring speaks of 
this as "one of the most popular productions of the 
Dutch poets ; its harmonious versification and its simpli- 
city have xnsde It the common source of consotstion in 
distress." It has passed Into English direct through the 
tr. beginning, "■ what love, what wisdom, God displays,'" 
In Sir John bowrlng'a Bataciafl A '* '' _ 



y, Lond., I8S4, 
jpglish through 



p. 119. It has also Tbeen rendered Into 3 
the German tr. by Robert Roberthln. 

Set Seister ist ja lobenswerth, A somewhat 
free version, in IT St., In H. Albert's Arien, trt. iv., 
KOnigsberg, 1641, No. It with the motto, "Q euros 
homlnum." Included as No. 130 la the Vnv. L. 8., 
18S1. The only tr. Is, "Worthy of praise, the 
Master-hand," by Mitt WivJcworth, 186S, p. 191. 

Camphuysen also wrote a version of the 
Psalter in the mttres of Marot and Bezu, 1b( 
pub. at Amsterdam, 1630 [Boyal Library, Tho 
Hague}, entitled Uytbreuaing over de Psalmen 
des Prepheten David*. His Ps. 13!) :— 

Beeft yemand lust iijn oogsa to veimsydeB, In IS 
st. of 6 1. (ed. 1630, p. 36S, ISIS, p. 301), is tr. by Sir 
John Bowring, IBM, p. 12S, as "If there be one whose 
thoughts delight to wander." [J, M.] 

Can creatures to perfection flndP 

I. Watts. [God unsearchable.] Pub. iu his 



OANITZ, P. E. L., F. VON 

ffymiu, Ac, 2nd ed., 1709, Bk. ii., No. 170, in 
S st of 4 1., and entitled, " God Incomprehen- 
sible and Sovereign." It is found in a few 
modem collections, as Spttrgeon't 0. 0. H. Bk, 
but usually in an abbreviated form. In the 
Ckvreh PottoroU, Boston, U. 8. A„ 1861, st 
iv., t., vii., viil, ate given as, " God is a King, 
of power unknown," and in the American 
Byt.Jor the Ch. of Christ by Hedge & Huut- 
ingtou, 1853, No. 123, st v., vi, viii. begin, 
* God wounds the heart, and He makes whole." 

[J.J.] 

Oanits, Friedrich Rudolph Iindwig, 
Freiherr von, a. of Ludwig t. Canitz, privy 
and legal counsellarat Berlin; was b. at Berlin, 
Not, 27, 1654, a few months after his father's 
death. After studying at the Universities of 
Leyden and Leipzig, he made in 1675-77 a 
tour in Italy, Fiance, England, rind Holland. 
In 1677 he wob chosen gentleman of the bed- 
chamber by the Elector Friedrich Wilhelm, 
and accompanied him in his campaigns in 
Pomcrania, *c Hewasthen,iulG80,appointed 
chief magistrate of the district of Zossen and 
Trebbin, in tbe Miltelmark, and in 1681 coun- 
sellor of the Court and Legation. After a suc- 
cessful embassy to Frankfurt 1G82, ho was 
appointed in 1683 chief magistrate of Miihlen- 
hoff and MUhlenbeck He executed many im- 
portant missions under Friedrich Wilhelm anil 
bis successor Friedrich HL, was a privy coun- 
sellor, and received in 1698 the dignity of 
Baron from the Emperor Leopold I. He d. 
at Berlin, Aug. 11, 1699 (XoA, iv. 238-248 ; 
Allg. Dentsete Biog., iii. 756, tho latter dating 
his death Aug. 1). His hymns were 1st pub. 
posthumously, and without his name. They 
were edited by Dr. Joachim Lange, Hector of 
the Berlin Gymnasium, as Nebenstunden 
unterschiedener (Jedj'oftte, Berlin, 1700. Of the 
24 religious poems, only 2 have continued in 
German C. U., via. : — 

i. Gott, du lasHtt mien omUhen, Evening. 
1700, as above, p. 6, in 6 st. Tr. as : "ttitheri 
hear me humbly praying " (beginning with Bt. 
ii. " Neige dich zu meineu Bitten "), by H. J, 
Buchdl, 1643, p. 99. 

u\ Beds da musat munter werden. Morning. 
This beautiful hymn, tho mirror of his life, was 
1st pub. 1700 as above, p. 3, in 14 st. of 6 1. 
Included ns No. 795 in Freyliogliansen's A T «wi 
geistreiches Q. B., 1T14, and as No. 471 in tbft 
Unv. L. 8., 1851. The trt. in C U. are :— 

1, Com*, my •onl, Dun must b* waking-, A very 
good tr. by if. J. Bnckoll, omitting bt. ii., iv., 
viii., given in a note at p. 456 of Dr. Arnold's 
Christian Life : tin Canst, Us Hindrances, and its 
Helps. London, 1841. The note is to a passage 
in Sermon vi., on Col. iii. 3, dated March, 1840, 
in which Dr. Arnold says : — 

41 Some may know the story of that German nobleman 
[v. Caniti] whose life had been distinguished alike by 
genius and worldly distinctions, and by Christian holi- 
ness ; and who, in the hut moraingof his life, -when tbe 
dawn brake lato his sick chamber, prayed that he might 
be supported to the window, and might look once again 
upon tbe rising sun. After looking steadily at it for 
some time, he cried out, " Oh I If the appearance of this 
earthly and created thing Is so beautiful and quickening, 
bow much more shall 1 be enraptured at the sight of 
the unspeakable gloiy of tbe Creator Hfmsdf." That 
was tbe feeling of* man whose cense of earthly beauty 
bad all tbe keenness of a poet's enthusiasm, out wlio, 
withal, had in bis greatest health and vigour preserved 



CANTEMUS CUNCTI 



203 



the consciousness that his life was bid with Christ in 
God j that the things seen, bow beautiful soever, were ss 
nothing to the things which are not seen (p. 61J 

Of the tr. Dr. Arnold says, "For the greatest 
part I am indebted to the kindness of a friend," 
which means that portions (viz. st. i., 11. 1-3, 
and one or two expressions) are taken from the 
anonymous version of 183S (see below). In 1842 
Buckoll included it in his H. from the German, 
p. 36, altering st. iii. 1. 3, iii. 11. 1-3, and liii. 
It is the text in Dr. Arnold's sermons which bus 
passed into C. U. in the following forms, the re- 
ferences being to the tr. of the German stanzas. 

(1) St i.,v^rti., ii^-il,, American Epls. B. far C*. 
and JToax, I860, altered. 

(i) St. L, vl, vil., ix-xli- in the Salitbnty B. Bk.. 
IBST, and Kennedy, less. The Anglican a. Bit., 18)1, 
and the Bvcmg. Bsmnol, N. Y, I860, omit st. iii. 

(3) St. i., vi,vtt,ii,xi.,xH,con3lde]rablyalteredand 
with an added doiology In Sniimi, 1869. This text in 
full, or abridged, is found in CTiunft B$t., 18TI j flym- 
norp, 1613; Stevenson's B. for Ck. and Boms, 1673; 
flop. Bmnal, 18M, and others ; and in America in the 
Epls. Inysindl, 1811 ; Laitda Domini, 1664. 

(4) St. i., vl., vii., tx.-xll., xiv, in Barrow School K. 
Bit., 1866, 1666 ; MarHoivag\ a>Hegt, 1669, fee. 

(6) St. i., vil.Jx., art, with on added st. in Bk. qf 
Common Praite, 1863; and in 6. S, Jcllleoe'e CM. I86r. 

t. Dome, my soul, awake, 'tis morning, A good 
tr., omitting st, ii., iv., viii., by Miss Wink worth 
in her Lyra Ger., 1855, 1st scries, p. 210, and 
thence, retaining only the trs. of st. i., vi., vii,, 
xi.-xiii., ia her C. B. fur England, 1863. 

Another tr. is ; — 

"Oome,myioull thou must be waking," inthelfriid* 
JKwoifnt, July, 183S, p. 31. From this, st. 1, U. 1-3, 
andoneortwoexpresslonswereadoiitedbyBnekoU (sec 
above). [J. M.] 

Canon. [Konfr.J [6r**k Bynuudy, % ivi. 

Cantemus otuioti melodum nunc, 
Alleluia. [Epiphany.] This Sequence is 
given by Father Joachim Bmndcr (a monk of 
the Abbey of Bt. Gull), in his us. collectioti 
of Hymns, Sequence*, &<i., 1507. Bratider gives 
the following descriptiou," Alia de Epiphania 
Christi Seqneiitia jocunda b. Notkeri, titulis 
PneUa turoafa. Ganitur praecipue in Oc- 
tavfl Epiphaniae," (" Another joyful Sequence 
of Blessed Cotter's [died 912} for the Epi- 
phany of Christ, with tile title : 37ie troubled 
Virgin. It is sung osptcially in the octave of 
tlie Epiphany.") Tlie title Pnetta turbata, 
"The troubled (or disturbed) Virgin," has 
caused some difficulty as to what may be its 
meaning ; but for ita use we may refer to 
St. Matthew ii. 3, Jerusalem buing termed tho 
Ftf^tit daughter of Biou ; the troubling there 
mentioned occurring at the season of the 
Epiphany. Tho words of the hymn are 
modelled on those of tho 148th Psalm. 

The text is given in Mime, No. 67 ; Daniel, 
ii. p. 52 ; and Kehrein, No. 44, in each cose with 
notes, and extensive readings from ancient 
atss, the oldest being of the 11th cent., and 
referred to by Daniel. The most curious differ- 
ence is in the conclusion. Jiforte reads 
"Laus Trinitati aetemae, AIL, AH., All., 
All^ All., All.;'' whilst Daniel and Kehrein 
have " Laus Trinitati aeternae in baptismo 
domini quae clarifioatur : Hinc eannmus : 
Alleluia. In addition the test is also in an 
llthcent, us. in the Brit. Mw». (Hurl. 2961, 
f. 234 u), and in three lltii cent. mss. at SL 
Gall, Nos. 376, 380, 3S1. 



2(H CAPITAN, HERR GOTT 

In his Med. Bye., 1863, p. 81, Dr. Ncale 
Bays, "Next to St. Notker himself, the moat 
famous writer of the Proses named from him 
was Godeecalcus," and at p. 42 of this Se- 
quence, " We shall hare another occasion to 
t peak of the 'Deposition of Alleluia' at 
Beptuageslma, for which this famous Sequence 
was written bj Godescalcus." Brander, 
Daniel, and Kehrein all declare that the Se- 
quence is by St. Notker. For Dr. Neale's 
ascription to Godescalcus we find no evidence, 
and must thus assign the Sequence to St, 
Notker [see Alleluia]. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. The strain upraise of joy and praise, Alldnia. 
By J. M. Neole, appeared in the Hymnal if., en- 
larged edition, 1854, and in his Mediated Hymns, 
2nd ed., 1863 ; it has passed into almost every 
hymnal published since that date. In the 2nd 
ed. of his Mcdimval Hymns, 1883, Dr. Neale 
gives the history of its somewhat peculiar con- 
struction, and complaint most bitterly of its 
being sung to Troyte's chant. He rays : — 

" There is only one thing with respect to the hh of 
any of my hymns thai has grieved me : the rejection of 
the noble melody of the Allelulatic Sequence, and that 



for a third-rate chant. What would be Hid of chanting 
the Dietirae? And yet I really believe it would Buffer 
Leas than does the Gmtemut cwncti by such a substitution. 
Further be It noticed, every sentence, I had ahnoft aald 
every word, of the version was carefully fitted to the 
music, the length of the lines corresponds to the length 
of each troparion In the original ; and these are now 
stretched on the Procrustean bed of the same meaning- 
less melody. That the original music cannot be learut 
In an hour or two Is most certain j but seeing that I have 
heard It thoroughly well sung, and most heartily en- 
Joyed, by a school choir, varying in ages from fourteen 
to five, la it not unworthy of the great choral meetings, 
as at Ely,J9aliebury, Sherborne, and elsewhere, including 
the words In their programmes, so utterly to spoil them 
In their performance,? Let It be remembered that I have 
some little right to speak on the subject, having been 
the first to Introduce the Sequence to English readers, 
and there being, even now, no other translation but my 
own." (Preface, p. ii.) 

Notwithstanding this earnest protest of the 
translator, the original melody is practically 
unknown. It is included in the Hymnal H. 
with the accompanying Harmonies. The adapta- 
tion from Dr. Neale's tr. in the Hymnary, 1872, 
Ho. 189: "Ja sweet consent let all the anthem 
sing, Alleluia," cannot be called a new rendering 
of the Sequence. 

S, Let ua all in eeassrt sing. By H. Alford, 
1st pub. in a festival service book, and then in- 
cluded in J. Bantby's Oriqinal Tuna to Popular 
Hymns, 1st aeries, 16(19, It is also given in seve- 
ral American collections. 

3. Let ua all in shore* ling. By R, C. Single- 
ton, written in 1870, and pub h ia the 2nd ed. of 
his Anglican H. Bk., 1871. [J. J.j 

C&pitan, Herr Gott, Vater mein, 

[Christian Faith and Life.'] 1st pub. in the 
Erfurt Enchiridion of 1526, and thence in 
Wackernagel, iii. p. 116, in 9 st. of 11 1. 
Generally entitled "The Margrave Casimir's 
Hymn," the beginnings of the stanzas form- 
ing the words " Casimir Marggraf jju Bran- 
denburg." The hymn may liave been written 
for him by the nuthoT of the similar hymn 
(q.v.), " Genud mir, Herr, ewiger Gott.'' Tr. 
as: — "Divine Protector, Lord, end Sire," by 
Dr. fit. Walter, 1860, p. 43. [J. M.] 

Capito, Wolfgang, s. of Hans Kopfel 
or Kopphel, farrier and counsellor at Hagenau, 



CAPTAIN OP OUB SALVATION 

In Alsace ; was b. at Hagenau in 1478, At 
Freiburg, in Broisgau, he studied medicine 
(ix.d. in 1498) ; then law, and, after his father's 
death, theology. In 1512 he was appointed 
preacher at the Benedictine Collegiate Church 
of Bruchsal. He subsequently held important 
appointments at Basel, Mainx, and Strassburg. 
At Strassburg, nnder tbe influence of Zell and 
Bucer, he openly declared for the Reforma- 
tion, become a freeman of Strassburg, July, 
1528, and on Aug. 1,1524, married tbe daughter 
of a Strassburg burgess. Working band in 
hand with Bucer, he acted as mediator between 
the Zwingli&ns and the Lutherans, and after 
Zwingle's death he drew up for the Swis» 
churches a form of church government and 
worship. He A. at Strassburg during the pes- 
tilence in the beginning of Nov. 1541 (Koch, ii. 
94-101 ; AUg. Deutsche Btog., iii. 772-775, the 
latter dating his birth 1472). 

He was a good musician *M a lover of poetry. Three 
hymns are known as by him, two of which are baaed <m 
the Latin, The only one tr. into Engnshia noted under 
"D«pscem"(q.vO. [J. M.] 

Captain of Israel's, host and Guide. 
C. Wesley. [The Divine Guide.] 1st pub. in his 

Short Hymns, Ac., 1762, vol. i., No. 133, in 2 st. 
of 6 L, and baaed on Ex. xiii. 21, " The Lord 
went before them by day in a Pillar of a Cloud, 
&e." In 1780 it was included, with alterations, 
in the We*. H. Bk., No. 317. It is found in a 
large number of hymnals, but in every case 
with alterations of st. ii., 11. 3-4. The original 
st. reads : — 

By Thine unerring Spirit led. 
We shall not In the desert stray. 

The light of man's direction need. 
Or niu our prmtdentiai way. 

Ae far from danger as from fear. 

While Love, Almighty Love, Is near. 

The alterations which have been mode in 
lines 3-i are many. The most important are : — 
I. By J. Wesley, In the Wet. H. Bit., 1TB0-1SW ;— 
" We tool! not/nil direction need, 
JVor miss our providential way." 
Dr. Osborn observes (P. Wbrkt, vol, ta. p. «) : " In 
the line so as to express assuml 

~_ ** ~. ml J 1 1 



1)80, Wesley altered 

confidence, without seeming to assert an independence 

of human help, 'We shall not fail direction need/ " 

This reading is generally followed by the Methodist 

collections. 

a. In Bickersteth's chritt£an PfttEntvd#, 1833, these 
Unearead:— 

By Thee with heavenly manna fed, 
ffe than not lack in alt nr way. 

3. lnthe«WreJ^i»n*ooA,l«M,theS.P>3.tC.rt.an(i 
Hyt., 1SS3, and later editions, this was changed to i— 

By Thy paternal bounty fed, 
We shall not lack In all our way. 
This has been repeated in a few collections, ae In 
Thring't, ISSit, Ho. ISC. Sir. Thrlng has also added a 
doiology. 

4. In Conder*s Cong. It. Bit., 1S3B, and several later 
hymnals, it is sgaln altered j— 

" Oar table by 7ny bounty tprtad, 

Our wantt supplied / ™n day today." 

5. We mast be content with another change :— 
" yor light of man's direction need, 

mife ire purine our heavenward way." 

Pull orig. text in P. Work*, 1868-72, vol is. 
p. 43. [J. J.] 

Captain of our Salvation, take. O, 
Wesley. [Holy Baptism.] 1st pub. in his 
Hymns for CkUdren, 1763. No. xIl, in 4 st. of 
6 1. (P. For**, 1868-72, vol. vi. p. 408). In 
1780 it was given in the Wet. H. Bk., No. 462. 
It is also found in tbe collections of other 
branches of Methodism, In 1862, when given 



CAPTAIN OP THINE 

In the S.P.C.K. Pt. & Hy». for "Baptism," 
st. iit was omitted. This form has been re- 
peated in other hymnals. In 1871 it was 
included in the S.P.C.K. Church Hyimt, for 
"Theological Colleges," a few judicious and 
appropriate alterations having been made to 
adapt it to that purpose. [J. J.] 

Captain of Thine enlisted host C. 
Batty, [Mission*.] Appeared in the Kendal 
H. Sh., 1757, in 8 at. of J. 1., and from thence 
passed into one of the early editions of Lady 
Huntingdon's CoU. From that CoU. st i.-iii 
weretakenbylFflijonuand5ode»,1801. This 
form of the hymn has descended to several 
modern collections, including the N. Cong., 
1859, No. 821, where, however, it is attributed 
to C Wesley in error. Snepps's text, in his 
8. of G,& Q., 1872, is st.i., iii., and iv. altered. 

[J. J.} 

Carlton, Mrs. Leah, a nam de jjlunie of 
Mrs. Van Alstyne, q.v. 

C&rlyle, Joseph Dacre, B.D., some time 
Professor of Arabic in the University of Cam- 
bridge; and afterwards Vicar of Neweastle-on- 
Tyne, was b. at Carlisle, Jnne 4, 1758. In 
1799 ho accompanied the Earl of Elgin to 
Constantinople with the object of exploring 
the literary treasures of the public Library of 
that city. He extended his journey into Asia 
Minor, and the islands and shores of the Archi- 
pelago. Ho d. at Newcastle, April 12, 1804. 
Amongst hia use. were Poem, suggested chiefly 
by Scenes in Asia Minor, Syria, &c These 
were pub. under that title, in 1805, by Susanna 
Maria Carlyle. Hia hymns, which appeared 
in J. Fawcett's P$. & Syt^ Carlisle, 1802, in- 
clude, "Lord, when we bend before Thy 
throne" — his most popular production; a para- 
phrase of the Lord's Prayer, "Father of heaven, 
Whose gracious hand " ; and " Lord, when we 
creation scan." His works include Specimen! 
of Arabian Poetry, TOO. [ J - J 

Carlyle, Thomas, the Essayist and His- 
torian, is known to hymnody solely through 
his tr. of Luther's " Ein feste Burg," q.v. He 
was b. near Eeolefechan, Dumfriesshire, Deo. 
4, 1795, and d. at Chelsea, Feb. 5, 1881. 

Carols. A carol is a song of joy origi- 
nally accompanying a dunce. Its origin and 
history, together with such collateral infor- 
mation as space will permit, may be best 
arranged under the following heads: i. Deri- 
vation ; ii Hiftoiieal Uee of the Term ; iii. 
The Carol and the Dance; iv. Sacred and 
Secular Carol* ; v. The Soared Carol ; vi. The 
Myeterie* and Miracle Plage ; vii. The Refor- 
mation Period; viii. Carol Literature; ix. 
Conclusion. 

i. Derivation. — The word Carol is derived 
from the Italian Cardta, a ring-danco, from 
oarotare, to sing. The Italian is said to come 
from the old French queroU, or carole. The 
musical term carola in Boccaccio ia synony- 
mous with baUata; which the Crusea dic- 
tionary defines "canzone, oho si oanta ba- 
lando, i.e. a song which is sung and danced 
at the same time. 

ii. Historical use of the Term. — The word 
carol has been in use in English for at least 
some six hundred years. In the 13th cent. 
Bobeit of Gloucester wrote : — 



CAROLS 



205 



"After mote, ah fygt wofl, the menBtrales goodo 
sboutc. And knytes and sweyncs In carole gret route." 

Chaucer, in tlie 14th cent. In hia " Knight's 
Tale," 1. 2205, we read :— 

" What ladles fayrest ben, or bent dancing, 
Or which of 'hem can carafe beat or stag. 



Of all this now 1 make no mentlun." 

In many instances also ho uses it in connection 
with dancing as, for instance, in " The Bo- 
mount of the Rose " : — 

M These folke of which I tell yon so 
Upon a kaw&e vtrttirn tho, 
A ladle fewcJed 'bem, that bight 
Gladnesse tho blissful and tho light. 
Well coukl she sing and lustily, 
Kooe half so well and setnely — 
And couthe enough for aoche doing 
As longlth unto hutalltng 
There Brightest thou karollts Bene 
And fblke daunce and meriy bett 



No code I never thennle t 

Whiles that I saw Tiem dancing bo." 



ego 
idancin 



Govkt, about the same date, wrote : — 
" And if so befalte amonge 
That she carvltt upon a songe, 
When I It here, 1 am so fedde, 
That f am fro myself so ledde 
As though I were In Paradise/ 4 

In the 16th cent Spenser writes In the 
" EpHhalamion," I 133 :— 

" nut most of ail, the damsels doe delight^ 
When they their tjmbrela amyte, 
And thereupon do daunce and carrot sweet. 
That all the senoes they do raviah quite." 

In the same poem he also writes: — 

" Hark ! bow the cheerful blnls do chant their lays. 
And carol of love's proise." 

Shaketpeare uses the word in his ffidmmmer 
Night'* Dream, act ii. bc. 2,1. 43; in his At 
You Like It, act v. bc. 3. Milton, in the 17th 
cent. Las it in Paradise Lost, bk. xii. 1, 387 : 
and in Comm, 1. 8-19; Dryden, too, in the 
latter part of the same century, not to mention 
innumerable authors of moro recent date. 
Under the term Carol, we may thus include 
a largo class of popular songs, tho first of 
which were characterised by dance-measures, 
both of time and action. 

iii. The Carol and the Dance. — Both song 
and dance were employed in the earliest nges 
of mankind in some acts of Divlno worship, 
whether of the true God or of heathen 
deities. Man's offerings were plainly to be 
of the very best, the most excellent in kind, 
and such as afforded the greatest test of self- 
abnegation and surrender on the part of tho 
worshipper. Hence arose amongst the heathen, 
by perversion of revealed truth, human sacri- 
fices. With better reason was it judged 
flttinjr. that the Divine worship should be cele- 
brated with the highest results of mental and 
artistic culture. Grace and aesthetic beauty 
of every sort in arcliitecture, in painting, in 
sculpture, and iu poetry were esteemed (us 
they ought to be) amongst the best of those 
gifts which, coming from God, ought to bo 
dedicated to God. And, in its way, nut 
music alone, bat dancing, or " the poetry of 
motion " also was put on an equality with 
thosa other fine arts. 

Ancient dancing was Rymnastic, or mimetic ; 
either for exercise of the body, or to express 
the feelings of the mind. Homer, Aristotle, 
Herodotus, Pindar, Athen&us, and others of a 
more rtcent date, have abundant allusions to 



206 



OAROL8 



dances. Tho song and the dance were, how- 
ever, gradually debased in the superstitious, 
and too often licentious, ceremonial of idola- 
trous worship, At no time, moreover, after 
the very first, con we regard them ns having 
boon exclusively sacred. The dance indeed, 
npart from its religious use in heathen temples, 
lias come to be generally regarded, in this 
country at least, as wholly secular, and -unfit 
for employment in the ordinary solemnities of 
Christian worship. 

Instances of dancing (is a part of Dlvino 
worship abound in the Old Testament. The 
149th Ps. contains a direct precept, "Let the 
children of Sion be joyful in their King. 
Let them praise His name io the dance ; " and 
in the 150th Ps. " Praise Him in the cymbals 
and dance*." We also read, "There is a time 
to weep, aud a time to laugh, a time to mourn, 
and a time to dance" (liccl, iii. 4). Theso 
precepts are strikingly illustrated in the 
history of the Jews. Tho sublime Song of 
Hoses had its appropriate anliption when 
"Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, 
took a timbrel in her hand ; and all the 
women went out after her with timbrels aud 
with dances," and answered back the chorus 
of the men, " Sing ye to the Lord, for He hath 
triumphed gloriously ; the horse and his rider 
hath He thrown into the sea" (Ex. xv. 20). 
The dances of the daughters of Sliiloh ore 
recorded as of ordinary occurrence in the 
Book of Judges (eh. sxi. 21); and Jephthoh's 
daughter, ignorant of his rash vow,_camo out 
to meet him on his return from his victory 
over the Ammonites " with timbrels and with 
donees" (Judges si. 31). Other instances 
might be named ; but perhaps the most strik- 
ing, and cortainly tho most generally well 
known, instance of jubilant religious dancing 
recorded in holy Scripture is that of King 
David, on the occasion of his bringing up the 
sacred Ark of God from the house of Obcd 
Edom into the city of David, when, laying 
aside his royal robes, he took part in the 
ritual of the sanctuary, and, vested simply in 
the humble linen ephod (or surplice) of minis- 
terial service, he danced before the Lord. It 
hasmoreover been well suggested that Hebrew 
poetry actually owed its origin and special 
characteristics to the choral dance; in foot 
it began in carolling. It ib evident that the 
sacred hymns were sung by opposite choirs; 
one usually performed the hymn itself the 
other a particular distich. The movements 
of the dance suggested the parallelisms of the 
vene. la tho New Testament social festi- 
vities with dances are alluded to with not a 
breath of disfavour try Our Lord Jesus Christ 
Himself, in the parable of tho Prodigal Bon, 
and in the simile of the children playing in 
the market-place. 

The following extract from Fkilo the Jew, 
describing the meetings of the Therapeutx, 
will show how in the early part of the first 
cent, something very like carolling in its 
strictest senso was practised by that ascetic 
branch of the sect of the Esscnes, in their 
nocturnal religious worship. 

"And after supper they celebrate their sacred vigil. 
And the vigil is condm ted on this -wise. They all stand 
up in a crowd, and in the midst of the symposium first 
of all two choirs are formed, one of men, and one of 



CABOLS 

women, and for each, one most honoured And drilled In 
Bong is chosen as a leader and diiector. Tlten they ping 
hymns composed to the praise of God, tn many metres, 
and to various melodies, in one singing together in uni- 
son, and in another with atitiphonal harmonies, moving 
their hands In time and dancimr [<iropxot/#i?wi] ; and 
being transported with divine enthusiasm, they perform 
one while lyric measures, and at another tragic plaln- 
sohg.BtrophcBand sntlstrophcs, ns need requires, Then 
when each chorus, the men separately, and the women 
separately, bag partaken of food by itself, as tn the feasts 
of Bacchus, and quaffed the pare God-loving wine, they 
mingta together and become one choir out of two — the 
mimetic representation of that of yore standing on 
the shore of the Bed Sea on account of tho miracles 
wrought there ... To tbis [the singing of the Song 
of MoeesJ the chorus of the nule and female Itempeuhs 
afforded a most perfect resemblance with its variant and 
concordant melodies; and the sharp searching tone of 
the women together with the baritone sound of the men 
effected a harmony both symphonioue and altogether 
musical. Perfectly beautiful ore their motions, perfectly 
beautiful their discourse ; grave and solemn are these 
carollers [gopevnu, dancers snd singers — meml>crfl of a 
choir— from \np6t, ft band of singers and dancers : a 
ling-dance] i and the final aim of their motions, their 
discourse, and their choral dancers [xopevf&r] is piety.*' 
(Translated from I>r. Mongey'e ed. of Polio's Wotkt, 
from the original Greek, compared with the Editor's 
tatla translation, 1?43, vol. ii. pp, 4SI-G, On the Gm< 
tenptativt Ltft.) 

With regard to the subsequent practice of 
dancing with tinging in Christian Churches, it 
is surely not altogether unreasonable to con- 
jecture (in the absence of historical proof) 
that the traditional account of such carolling 
as that of these Therapentx, if not of a simi- 
lar choralism among their Christian fellow- 
countrymen, may possibly have had some in- 
fluence on the minds of tiie rulers of tho 
Church, leading them not sternly and abso- 
lutely to deprive their heathen converts of the 
customary dances of their former religious 
ceremonies. It must however, be admitted 
that there is no record of the use of the sacred 
dance in the Primitive Church, unless, indeed, 
these Tkerapeuia were Christians, an opinion 
which is not generally received. 

[Dr. Burney, In hfs History of Music, confounds tbesa 
Therapcutw with the Christians t probably misled by 
EusebluB, In the Supp. to Colller'B Dictionary they are 
also colled Christiana, See Kiddle's Ctorittitai Antiqui- 
tilt, p. 181, note; Ensebius's Hitt. Ecclet, 1. 11., c. IV t 
Burton's Jjxturtt «n the Firtt Arw Cmturiei, x. : and. 
Maaheim, bk. 1., pt. 1., ch. H { x.] 

Later on, in some places, dances under das 
restraint were tolerated. The third Council 
of Toledo, 589, however, fbrbodo dances in 
chnrches, through the vigils of saints' days, 
That of Auxerre, 590, forbade secular dances 
In churches. In 858, Gantier, Bp. of Orleans, 
condemned the rustic songs and women dan* 
cere in the Presbytery on festival days. In 
1209 the Council of Avignon prohibited thea- 
trical dances and secular songs in church. In 
1212 processions danced round the churches 
of Paris, and women danced in the cetoeteries. 
We are informed by Jaques de Henricourt (a 
writer of the 14th cent.) that, os a condition 
of the remission, by the Bp, of Lifee in the 
13th cent., of a tax previously paid by the 
merchants of Verviers, a deputation of certain 
magistrates aud clergy of verviers, headed by 
a cross, danced under the corona in the nave 
of the Cathedral of St. Lambert, at Lieget on 
Tuesday in Whitsuntide. This was continued 
until the Cathedral was burnt down by the 
French revolutionary soldiers, in 1704. In 
the 17th cent, the apprentices and servants of 
York were accustomed to danee in the nave 



CABOLS 

of the Minster on Shrove Tuesday ; and in 
Wiltshire the inhabitants of Wishford and 
Batford, by a curious tenure, went up in a 
dance annually to Salisbury Cathedral. To 
this day, a dancing procession, chanting a 
curious carol to the tune of "Adam batte 
Bioben Sonne," takes place at Echternach in 
Luxemburg on Whitsun Tuesday. Also in 
the Cathedral at Seville, ever sinoe the 12th 
cent., on Shrove Tuesday, and on the feasts 
of Corpus Christi, and of the Immaculate 
Conception, twelve young choristers, dressed 
as pages in antique Spanish costume, sing a 
jubilant carol at the lectern in the choir before 
the high altar, accompanied by an orchestra, 
ending in a ringing pneume Ja succession of 
notes song on one vowel]. This is followed 
by a dance round the loutern, and concluded 
by the choristers ranging themselves in line 
and playing ''a regular and most harmonious 
fantasia on castanets." A few more instances 
might be given of carolling in its strictly 
literal sense in Die Christian Church. Tims 
the dance, though generally discontinued, has 
never entirely died out, and the musical phase 
of the oorrf remains as vigorous as ever. 

iv. Sacred and Secular Carol*. — Under the 
term carol we may include a large class of 
popular songs, the th-st of which were charac- 
terised by dance measures, both of time and 
action. It has come eventually to be used to 
designate a kind of lyrical poem, usually, but 
not exclusively, on sacred subjects, intended 
to be sung with or without musical accompani- 
ment, but it sometimes departs widely from 
the jubilant subjects of its original use, be- 
coming more of the nature of the hymn, as 
its secular counterpart, the ballad, also, in 
like manner, rises in some instances into the 
sentimental nnd romantic poem. The melo- 
dies both of the card and of tho ballad are 
usually completed in the first stanza or verso, 
and repeated for each of the others. 

v. ^e&M>^ Caret— The special difference 
between hymns, strictly so-catted, and carols, 
may perhaps be most accurately marked by 
quoting the definition of the former given by 
St. Augustine :— 

" Do you know what a hymn Is ? It la tinging with 
the pratae of God. If von praise God and do not sing, 
you utter no hymn. If you sing, and praise not God, 
you titter no hymn. If you praiaa anything vhich does 
not pertain to tho praise of Mod, though In singing you 
ptuse, yon utter no hymn." (&>e rrimer ef Plain 
Song. Kovelto-3 

There is doubtless a wide border-land on 
which many a religious song may not inaccu- 
rately be, classed under the bead both of hymn 
and of carol. The most ancient Latin sacred 
lyrics are sometimes entirely direct addresses 
of prayer or praise to God, 1. e. hymns. But 
they sometimes deflect (as do the Psalms them- 
selves) from direct addresses to God into his- 
torical references to His miraculous works and 
providential interpositions in behalf of His 
people ; or into subjective, contemplative ad- 
miration of the Divine dealicgs with His 
faithful servants as individuals, thereby in- 
directly promoting His glory, but not directly 
ascribing glory to Him, and thus "praising 
Him," Such songs do not come strictly 
within St Augustine's definition ; and it may 
therefore be suggested that they partake more 
or less of the nature of religious caret*. And 



CAROLS 



207 



this applies equally to many modern compo- 
sitions colled hymns. It seems, then, not too 
much to assert that from the very beginning 
the Christian Church has been using sacred 
lyrics, which, whether we range them under 
the head of Psalms, Symns, Spiritual Songs, 
Odes, Canticles, or simply Songs, had among 
them some at least, if not many, having the 
special characteristics of the carol, The first 
of these is undoubtedly the Gloria inEstccUis, 
which Bp, Jeremy Taylor calls a carol in his 
Life of Gttriet. To many of tho Sequences 
(q. v.) of a later ago the same designation 
might justly be applied. With the gradual 
disuse of the ancient languages and tlie birth 
of modern European tongues, and also coeval 
with the secular songs of tire minstrels, trou- 
badours, and minnesingers, religions songs — 
carols in fact — came to bo composed in the 
languages then best understood by the com- 
mon people. Of these, though many liave 
perished in many cases through wanton de- 
struction in the 16th and 17th centuries, yet 
a sufficient number remain to mark the cha- 
racter of the later mediaeval carols, and thus 
to link the post with the present. 

vl Mysteries and Miracle Plays. — Tho con- 
tinuous chun of the history of carolling gains 
many a link from the records of the Mysteries 
and Miracle Plays. These plays extend from 
the 4th cent,, when Gregory Nazianzen, Arch- 
bishop and Poet, and a Father of the Church, 
banished pagan plays-from the stage at Con- 
stantinople, and introduced Belect stories from 
the Old and New Testament, to the celebrated 
Obcr-Ammergau Passion Play of to-ilay. 
The songs introduced into these religious 
plays were essentially carols, and in no coun- 
try were they popular earlier than in England. 
A proverb of French origin, current in the 
Hth and 15th cents., shows that the singing 
of ballads and carols was tlien very general 
in Britain. It reads, 

"Galll eantant Anglt Jubilant, IIEsponi plangvnt, 
Germanl nlulaut, Itall caprizant." 

The translation at the same period was, 

" The French sing or pipe, the English carol, tha 
Spaniards wort, the Germane lunal. tha Italians wiper." 

The last allusion is rather to their unsteady 
holding of notes than to their facility in florid 
singing, (Popular Music of the Olden Time, 
by W. Ghappell, i. intra ix.) 

vii. The ije/brmafi'on Period. — This was a 
period of darkness and despair to the carol 
writers and the carol and ballad singers. " The 
reign of Queen Elizabeth gave the death-blow 
to the long sinking race ofEnglish minstrels " 
(Dr. Bimbault'fl Little Book of Songs and bal- 
lads), by the edict which pronounced tbem ail 
" rogues, vagabonds, and sturdy beggars " 
(Diet, of Mitsie, Ac,, by Sir G. Grove). Musi- 
cians hold ballads in contempt, and great 
poets rarely wrote in ballad metre. Notwith- 
standing the advance made in music of the 
highest artistickind, both abroad and at home, 
in the lGth and 17th cent, ballads, carols, nnd 
other dittiee gradually shared tho obloquy of 
tho minstrels. These were all but lost end 
foTgotton hy the close of the 17th cent, tho 
teucliing of music was discouraged, and even 
in Shakespeare's day be makes the clown in 
the " Winter's Talo " boast of the exceptional 



208 



CAROLS 



cast of liia chorus at his father's sheep-shear- 
ing feasts: — 

' What will Uiis elate* of mine do with rice f But 
my father hath nude her mistress of the feast, and ehe 
lays It on- She hath made me four-anu-twenty nose- 
gsye for the shearers : three-man song-men all [t. e. 
singers of three-part songs}, and very good ones : bat 
they Rio most of them means [tenors] and bases; but 
one Forltan unongst them, and be sings malms to horn- 
pipes" [i.e. dance tunes]. Act. iv. st 11. 

In the literature of the 16th cent, we have 
instances of the hold which even Die term 
"Carol "had upon the national mind. In 
1562 were published Cresfennws camlet a«e- 
loryetlied bymy Lordeof London [Bp.GrSndal]; 
in 1564 we have CaroU exhorting men to put 
their (rust in Christ (done ; and in 1579, CaroU 
or godly hymm for Ckrittmat. Later on we 
have a few lyrics of this class in the works of 
E. Southwell, Q. Wither, W. Austin, Ben 
Jonsoti, B. Herrick, Jeremy Taylor, N. Tate, 
and others. In tl le 1 8th cent also a enrol may 
be found here and there, such as C. Wesley's 
" Hark, how all the welkin ring;," but the true 
revival of carols and carolling is found in the 
collection and publication of carols in the 
early, and the writing of original carols in the 
latter part of the present century, aided pro- 
bably not a little by the Christmas Carol 
broadsheets and chap-books which were some- 
what extensively sold from 1800 to 1830, and 
less extensively somewhat later. 

viii. Carol Literature. — Tho carol literature 
at the command of the bymnologtst and lite- 
rary student maybe thus classified ; (1) mss. 
(2) Printed Carole, Old and New; (3) Lullaby 
Carol* f and (4) Secular CaroU. 

(I) MS. Carols. — The great its. store-house 
is the library of the British Museum. Its 
treasures have been examined by many stu- 
dents, and some of the results have been pub- 
lished by T. Wright, m.a,, and others. One of 
the earliest pub. by Mr. Wright is from a MS, 
of the 10th cent. It records, in Latin, the 
conversion of England by the mission of St 
Augustine in the 6th cent, from St. Gregory 
the Great, in which the softening influence of 
Christianity on the harshness of the ancient 
language is recorded. 

41 Eccs lingua Britannlae [ Jam Alleluia personat 
Frendens ohm barhaile [ Proventu Evangelicoe 
In Trinitate uniCA ] Kihilarata vlneae." 

(" Lo ! the British tongue, e'erwblle hArubly grilling 
barbarously, now, In praise of the Trlnal Unity, sounds 
forth Alleluia, joyously inspired by the arrival of tbe 
g !ad Evangelic vine.") 

The Liber Elienti* preserves the well-known 
first stanza of a carol by Canute, of the 11th 
cent. : — 

" Merry sung the monks of Ely, 
As Kenute the king rowed themby, 
How, knights, now near the land, 
And bear we these monks sing." 

Du Meril gives from the Brit. Mus. us,, 
1139,in his Po&iet Fopvlairet Latins* Du 
Moyen Age, 1847, p 43, a "Chant sur Nativite 
du Christ" the first of which reads : — 



' Nunc clericorum concio 
devuta sit cum gaudio ; 
in tanto natilitio 



nam etunml Fatris fillo 
datur excelebratlo ; 
(xaudeat homo 1 " 



There is a singularly interesting us. in the 
Brit. Mus. (Sloane, 2593) generally ascribed to 
tho reign of Henry VI. (1422 to 1461), and 
very difficult to decipher. Fortunately there 
is a modem printed copy in Songe and CaroU, 



CABOL8 

edited by T, Wright, m.a. From its historical 
references, the dnte of oho at least of there 
songs is fixed between 1362 and 13fi9. It may 
be inferred that tho songs in this ns, belong 
to a numerous class of popular literature, that 
they were handed orally from generation to 
generation by those who sung tliem, and that 
a few of them only were copied down by acci- 
dent as in this and similar ws. collections. 
Tho particular song alluded to is No, lii., p. 73, 
in Mr. Wrighf s Song* A CaroU, 1847. It is 
in 8 st, and begins: — 

" Thynk man qweiof thou art wrout, 
Fowie and naked thou were heder browt, 
Thynk bow Cryet thl sowle hath bowt 
And fond to servyn hym to pay." 

The remaining verses tell of famine, pesti- 
lence, death, storm, lightning, thunder, the 
burning of the tolbooth at Ljnne ; and exhorts 
men to take to heart these warnings of Divine 
" merveylis '* : — 

" Lok man, bow thou ledyst thl lyf 
And how thou apendyst thi wyttes v 
Go to chercb, and do tbe schryf. 
And bryng thl sowle in redy way." 

The following Christmas Carol, in which 
we have a curious blending of Latin and 
Englishes from the some ms. It is No, vL in 
Mr. Wright's work : — 

" Eyo, Ihesn hodio 
Natus est de virgins. 
" Blyssed be tbst mayde Mary, 
l!om be was of here body, 
Goddis sone that Bytht on by, 
Non ex virlli semlne. 
" In a manjour of an as 
Ihesu lay and lulled was 
Harde peynls for to pas 
Pro peccante nomine. 
" Kynges comyer fro dyvess Jonde 
With grete gyftes in hem bonde, 
Jn Itedlem tbe chiide they fondo, 
Stellas duett linnine, 
" Man and chylde bothe old andylng 
Now En bia blyaful comyng, 
To that chyh) mon we syng 
Gloria tibi Domlne. 
" Nowel, nowel In this balls 
Make merye I pray you alle 
Onto the chylde may we calls 
Ullo sine crlmine." 

Another carol in this us. Is as follows: — ■ 

" AUeluiah, Al. At. Al. A1. Alleluia 

deo patrl sit gloria. 
" Salvatot mundi domine. 
Fader of hevene blessed thou be 
Thou gretest a mayden with an ave. 
Quae Tocatur Maria. 
" Adesto nunc propltlus 
Thou eendyst thy son swete Jesus. 
Man to become for love of us 
deopatri sit gloria." 

There ere about 76 songs iu this us., a large 
proportion of them being carols, which, trans- 
lated into modern English, with good tunes 
from equally old sources, might be utilised 
with advantage by competent editors for pre- 
sent use. There are unfortunately no musical 
notes in this rare and interesting us. 

Another I5th cent. Ms. supplied materials 
for Songs and CaroU nous first printed from a 
MS. of the XFtfi cent., edited by Thomas 
Wright, Esq., m.a., f.su., Ac. Printed for the 
Percy Soc, 1847. From this his. we quota 
tho following carol as being of raoro than, 
usual interest : — 



CAROLS 

[lost] " This mdrit nyght 
I saw a BJght 

A stare is bryght as day ( 
And ever among 
A mayden song 
Lullay, by by, lullay. 
" Ttali lovely lady sat aad some, wd to hyr chyld seyd, 
My stme, my broder, my fader dor, why (yest thou thus 
My swete byw [aayd. 



CAROLS 



200 



[Winter] 
Itrue] 



Thus It ys betyde 
Thow thou be kyng vcrtsy ; 



But nevertheless 
I wyl not nee 
To syng, by by, lullay. 
*' The chylde than spate in hys talking and to tils mode? 
I be kydde am kyng tn cryW* Utnr I be layd. [aayd. 
[am renowned as] [monger] 

For eungeltenryght 
Done to mo lygbt 
[not to be dented] Thou knoet It yl no nay j 

And of tbatayght 
[quick] Thou niayet be (j{(F*t 

To syng, by by, lullay, [In stall 

" Now swet sou syn toon art kyng, why art thou layd 
Why no thou ordende thl beddyng in aum gret kyngs 



0*0 



Hethynkyth It Is ryght 
That kyng or knygtat 
ShuHlyini ' 



ryng 
[ualH 



Shuld ly in good any j 
And than among 
It wer no wrong 
To syng, by by, lullay. 
*' Mary moder, I am tht chyld, thow I be layd tn etall, 
Lories and dnkee shall woeshyp roe, and so shall 
Ye shall well see [kyngs all. 

That kyngoB thre 

Shall come the XII day, 
For this behest 
ticve me thi brest. 
And syng, by by, lullay, [and dere, 

'* How toll me, swot son, I the pray, thou art my leve 
Row shuld I kepe to tby jmty, and make the glad of 
[satisfaction] [chore ? 

For all thi wyll 
I wold fulfyll 
[knowest] [faith} ThonwefjrtafuUwellln/oj, 
And for all toys 
I wyll the kye. 
And syng, by by, lullay. 
« My der moder, trben tytn It be, thou take me upon loft, 
And set me upon tht kne, and handyll me full soft. 
And in thl arme 
[cover] Thou Ayt me warms 

And kepe me nyght and day i 
If I weps 

And may not elepe 
Thou syng, by by, lullay. 
■Now, Bwetson.synitlseothstallthyngtoatthf wyll 
I pray tbe graunte me a bono [boon] yf It be both 
That chyld or man [ryght and skyll. 

That wyl or kan 

Be mery upon my day. 
To blyse them bryng, 
And I shal eyng 
Lullay, by by, lullay." 

What sermon on the mystery of mysteries, — 
" God manifest in the fUsh,"— could more 
eloquently set forth its paradox, than this 
molt poetical relic of the 15th century ? No 
record, alas! Is forthcoming of its original 
melody. It is however set (in modernised 
English) to an old English air, and beauti- 
fully harmonised by Dr. Hteggall, in Chritt' 
mas Carols, by the Bev. Henry itomsdea 
Bramley, M.A., and John Stainer, Esq., M.A., 
Mat. D., No. 25. 

Another uuiquo manuscript, of great his- 
torical interest {Brit. Mus. AddU. MSS., 56G5), 
made before, or certainly very early in, tiic 
reign of Hen. VIII., must not bo loft without 
mention here. It contains : — 

A Collection ef Chunk Stnita, Hymns, and Carols. 
A Modem Index of its contents has been carefully made 
and prefixed to the us. itxelf ; it includes in* items. On 
nil. 6yb,at the bottom, is a marriage certificate; and 
on the next leaf, a power of attorney to receive rents, 
dated at Pywortby, Devon, April 3D, En the 3rd y. of II. 



VIII. In another place there In a receipt for £S6,anl. 
pension to Ijangetre Church, Suit y. of tbe same reign. 
It seems to have belonged to some choir, and contains 
(besides these miscellaneous insertions) much well tran- 
scribed vocal music in throe porta — plain-song and very 
operose descant, not scored In a modem way— most 
difficult of interpretation even by experienced musical 
antiquarians. Therearueome fifteen pieces, headed "In 
die Nativitalit" i various Misereres, Kyriet, Hymns for 
Saints' Pays, Te Deums and other Canticles. Masses, 
a great number of sacred and some secular songs. ' 

The whole of this book is in a measure a 
reflection of the unsettled state of Church 
services, and the upheaving of the old order 
of things at the dawn of tbe Reformation. It 
docH not appear that any interpreter has as 
yet published an intelligible version of the 
entire MB., or of any of tho most interesting 
parts of it. Both Sandys, No. VII., and the 
Editor of Christmas with the PoeU, p. 6, have 
indeed quoted, from folio 5 b, one carol, tho 
former printing the old English, the latter 
modernising it. The following is a literal 
version of this carol from the us. itself ;— 

In die Xativitatil [with musical notation]. [Solo.) 
Tenor. Nowell t Jfowell J Howell t Nowell I 

" Who ys there that syngeth so Lowell Nowell." 
" lam here 6yrecrists Masse" 
[Plain-song] •' Wellcome my lotdfiyr Chrlsta Maeso" 
[Chorus] " Wellcome to all both more and teas." 
Oomner Kowell 
Dleus wous garde byewe S" tydlngs 
Atnaydehath borne a cbylde full yong 
Tbe weche causetb yew for to syng. Nowcll, 
Crlste is now bom of a pure maydo 
Jn an ox etall be Is laid 
Wherefore sing we all arte abraydo.* Now r ell. 

Beuvex bien par tutta la company 
Make godo cheiu and be ryght merry 
And evuge with ue now joyfully. Howell. 

With similar mixture of verse and chorus, 
in harmony of the most " operose " kind, we 
find on fol. 8 b the following, also headed, 

In die MrfiwioKt, 

t ccaFCDEF, 

Joseph wonder how Uda may be 

That mary wex gret wbeny and she 

ever have levyd in chastlte. 

Iff she be w' ebylde, J 
hit ys not by me. 

mervel not Joseph. 

Tbe boly gost wt mercifull dlstence 

In here [= Iter] hathe entryd w^wte offence 

God and man conceyved by bis preaeticp 

In vlrgyne pure w*owte violence. 

What the angel of god to me dothe say 

Joseph muste and will umble obey. 

Albye prevcly [privily] y [I] wolde have stole away 

But now will y fre her till tbst y say 
Mervcl not Joseph. 

The following is from tho same source 
[M.B. 5665, fol. 40C]:— 

Jbesu fill virginis 

miserere nobis. 
Angelis ther were mylde of mode 

Song to that swete fo4e, 
Witli joye and bllsse. 
miserere nobis, 
[crib or cradle] In a eraehe was that chylde layde, 
Botli oxe and asse with hym playdc. 
With joye nnd bllsse. 
miserere nobis, 
[who] Then for us ho shadde his blodc, 
And also bo dyedde pro vobls. 
And for us I wins, 
miserere nobis, 

* Abraydo to awaken (also neuter), to rouse oneself 
(Pisces's Glossary). Hence tbe line may mean Sing we 
oM leud/y, "lustily." 

t These are the notes of the plain-song in letters, 
See the Miner of riulu-Sung, p. it, 1st note. 



210 CAEOLS 

And tben to belle ho toke the way, 
To ransom them that there lay 
With Joy emd Wise, 
miserere nobis. 

Another, for Epiphany, begins thus : — 

There were three Persons, and one Lord. 
The Son baptized with ono accord. 
The Father said the blessed word, 
Blc est Alius mens, 
[The spelling here la modernised.} 
In addition to tho sikb. from which we Iiave 
quoted, there ore others which have been con- 
sulted, in which many carols may bo found 
and illustrated, e.g. : — 

Brit. Hut. Harieian CoU^ 641, fbl. 44. Do. 2262, 
to). 153*011. Do. 6396, fol. 4 ro. Arundel JtfS, 248, 
14, v, and the Harieian MS., 5M. Nares's Glossary of 
old English may be consulted for the Interpretation of 
16th and 17 th cent, words. 

(2) Printed Carols. — Printed Carols, whether 
m collections or scattered in various other 
works, and, as it were, buried under a mass of 
heterogeneous literature, next claim attention. 
In Ames's Typographical Antiquities, wo learn 
that Wynkyn de Worde printed in 1521 a set 
of Christmas carols, and that "these were 
festival chansons for enlivening the Christmas 
celebrity." (See nlso Warton s Eag. Poetry, 
iii. see. 20.) The following list, though by 
no means complete, will indicate the naturo 
and character of some of the rarer and less 
known works in which carols may be found. 
Including books and broadsheets, we have the 
following : — 

l. Paradiscof Dainty Devises. 16T0. FrandaKen- 
nelmersh. 

1. psalm. Sonnets and Songs of Sadntss and Piety, 
1S8T. William Byrd [?]. 

3. St. Peter's Complaint. 1693. Eobert Southwell. 

4. Hymns and Songs of the Church. 1623. And 
Sfalleh^ah. George Wither. 1641. 

6. Devotions. 1634. William Austin. 

a. Vnderwoods. 1640. Ben JTonson. 

1. Jfoblc lumbers. 1641. Robert Hcrrick, 

0. TheCtdldtn Grove, 1655. Jeremy Taylor. 

9, Paraphrase upon the Canticles. 6. Woodford. 
IfJ. Supp. to Tate and Brady. 1100. N.Tate. 
11. Poems Amorous, Mural ana' Divine. Ilia. Anon. 
IS. ifjmnt on the Nativity. 1146. And Hymn* for 
Children. 1763. By C. Wesley. 

13. Complete Psalmoditt. 1749. John Arnold. 

14. The Christmas Boz; or New rear'sOift. R.T.S. 
c. 1B20-3Q, containing all the carols which the Society 
bad previously Issued as separate tracts. 

15. Christmas Carols. [Original,] 1837. Lond., 4to. 

16. A Good Christmas Box, containing a choice collec- 
tion of Christmas Carols. Dudley. 1B4T, 

17. Neva Carol-book for Christmas. Bilaton. c. 1330. 
IS. Christmas Hymns and Sacred Pieces. Bcnuond- 

sey. e. 1613. 

is. Christmas Carols ; three series wltb music, by 
Dr. G-auntlett. 

So. Christmas and Christmas Osrols. c I84B-S0. J. 
F. R., with & valuable preface. 

21. Divers Carols for Xmas and Sundry Tides of Holy 
Church. 1804. A. H. Brown. This has an interest, 
tng Introduction on the whole subject, 

22. The Sacristy. 1071. No. 4 epccially for the Rev. 
S. Baring-Gould's tr. at A'oels and Carols of French 
Flanders, 

23. Carol*, Hymns, and Songs. 1081. J. H. Hopkins, 
New York. 

24. The American Works of Bp. Coxe, Dr. Croawell, 
and others. 

25. A Garland of Christmas Carols, Ancient A Modem, 
by Joshua Sylvester. Lond., 1061. 

20. Carols and Poems from the ist\ cent, la the 
Present Time. Edited by A, H. Bnllen. 1336. 

We bavo by no means exhausted the list; 
but these works, and those now to be more 
fully described, will be sufficient to indicate 
the wealth of carol literature which we 
possess. In addition there are ; — 



CAROLS 

(a) Songs and Carols edited by Thomas 
Wright, h.a., 1847, already referred to as 
printed from tlio Sloane MS. 2593. 

(6) Ckrietnwa Tide, its Hittory, Festivities 
and Carols, by W. Sandys, 1832. He gives an 
excellent historical account of tho Christmas 
Festival in its sacred and secular celebration ; 
42 Ancient Carols; a Mock Christmas Play; 
and 12 other Carols, with their melodies in 
short score. 

(c) Christmas with the Poets. Bell&Daldy. 
This is a magnificent volume, embellished 
with 85 illustrations by Birket Foster. It 
contains poems and Christmas carols from tlio 
Anglo-Norman period to tho present timo. 
It is divided into five sections. An outline of 
theso will give a bird's-eyo view of their 
contents. 

(1) The Anglo-Norman Period to the Befbrmation. 
One extract from this will give a good idea of the rent. 
Tt Is the translation of an Anglo~Nonnan Carol or the 
13th cent., beginning (in Sandys's Christmas Tide) 
"Sclgnors, ore cntendez a nns": " Lordlings, listen to 
our lay." The opening stanza is j — 

" Lordllngs, listen to our lay, 
We have come from far away 

To seek Christmas ; 
In this mansion we are told 
He His yearly feast doth hold : 

Tia to-day ! 
If ay Joy come from God above 
To all those who Christmas love." 

The chorus Is the most decidedly plons part of this 
carol :— 

" Den doint « tire lcels joio d'amurs 
Qui a dans noel femnt honors 1 " 1. e. 

" May Joy come from God above, 
To all these who Christmas love." 

(a) The Elizabethan Era (15,68-1603). This pcrloA 
furnished the following amongst others :— 

1. " Was not Christ our Saviour 

Sent unto us from God above?" 

Ifumas Tusier. 

2. " Behold, a silly [simple] tender Babe 

In freezing winter night." 

Bobert Southwell, d. 1595. 

3. " I -sing the birth was born to-night, 

The Author both of Ufa and light," 

BenJonson, 1600. 
a. "Immortal Babe, who tbiadearday 

Didst change Thine beav'n for our clay," 

Bp. Hall, cir. 159T. 
5. " Run, Shepherds, run where Bethlehem blest 



appears, 
¥o win 



We bring the best of news, be not dismayed." 
W. Itrwumond. 

6, " than the fairest day, thrice fairer night, 

Night to best days in wbich a eun doth shine." 
W. Urummond. 

7. " All aftor pleasures as I rid one day, 

My horse and J, both tired, bodie and miodo." 
Q. Herbert, 
s. " .Sweet muBlc, sweeter far 

Than any song Is sweet." Edmund Bolton. 

ft, " The wrathful winter preaching on apace 

With blushing blast, andaltyebared^thetreen." 
Thomas Sackoille, 
10. " Some eay that ever 'gainst that season comes. 
Wherein our fiavtour's birth Is celebrated." 

If. Shakespeare, 

(3) Poems oy Serrick (1691-107*). Of these the 
following may be mentioned as truly religious and 
poetical carols !— 

I. " la Dumljers, and but these few, 
I sing thy birth, O Jesu." 

3. " What sweeter music can we bring 
Than carol for to sing » " 

3. " Tell us thou clear and heavenly tongue, 
Where is the Babe but lately sprung, 
lies He the lily-banks among J " 



CAROLS 

4. "Down with the rosemary and the bay*, 
Down with the mistletoe ; 
Instead of holly, now upraise 
The greener box, for show," 

Of these No. 3 in the " Star Song," and i la (or Candle- 
mas Eve. 

(4) Tfce Ctoit ITart, tfte QmaonweaUh, and tkt 
Restoration. George Wither Is the lcailtns singer of 
the earlier part of thla period. HIscarclB Include :— 

1. " As on the night before this happy mom." 1623. 
3. "Lord, with what icaldid Thy first martyr." 1623, 

3. " Touch us by his Maniple, Lord." 1033. 

4. " That rage whereof the Psalm doth say." 1633, 
0. "That so thy blessed birth, Christ." 1633. 

Passing to others we have : — 

8. " It was the winter wild." J, Milton, 
i. " Come, we shepherds, whose blest sight. 1 

it. Orathaw. 

8. " The blessed Virgin travailed without pain." 

Bp, Jeremy Jbjilor. 

9. " All yon that in this bouse be here." 

Sew Oarolt. 1661. 
Id, " Now that the time is come wherein 
Our Saviour Christ was born." 

i'oor RobiriB Almanack l^DO. 

(5) IV Sig\ttetU\ Century. The editor of Cftrfttmai 
with ids Pocti (the collection with which we are now 
dealing) says, •* Few poeroa hearing reference to the 
Christmas Festival appear to have fteen produced during 
that era of the revival of English literature which has 
Acquired the epithet of Augustan." He quotes from 
John Grey, John Bampfylde, and R. J. Thorn; but 
tlielr verses have not the true ring of carol minstrelsy, 
and are not likely to have been used as Buch. Singu- 
larly enough, he omits nil reference to J. Byrom's 
"Christians, awake, salute the happy mom," and C 
Wesley's " Hark, how all the welkin rings." 

(6) NineteeniK Century. In this division we have 
extracts from 29 poets, including Sir Walter Scott, W. 
Wonlaworth, Southcy, Goodwyn Barmby, Barry Corn- 
wall, J. Kehle, Shelley, S. T. Coleridge, and Tennyson. 

(<t) In 1822 some Ancient ChrUtmat CartiU 
were edited by Davie Gilbert, r.s.s., t.a.s., 
&&, with the tunes to which lie had been 
accustomed to hear tbem sung when ho was 
a child, in churches and in private houses 
on Christmas Evo, throughout the West of 
England, up to the hitter end of the 18th 
century. They used to bo practised several 
necks beforehand ; and on the night of 
Christmas Evo, and on the Festival of the 
Nativity itself, they were snug with great 
fervour at home, after the 8 P.m. drawing of 
the cakes hot from the oven, and the festive 
draughts of ale or cydor, and at Church, 
instead of the metrical Psalms, specially at 
the afternoon service; and, he informs us, 
" none of the sports or gambols, so frequently 
practised on subsequent days, ever mixed 
themselves with the religious observances of 
Christmas Eve." The characteristic of these 
popular carols Is tiiat they consist for the 
most port of simple narratives of Holy Scrip- 
ture with a grateful admonition to correspond- 
ing Christian duty and gratitude. They are 
sot to music of a solemn tonality and a 
sprightly movement, derived apparently from 
very early composers, and mostly in the 
Ancient Church Modes. There are only 
eight carols, the first lines of which are : — 

1. " The Lord at first did Adam make." This deals 
with the fbll, is to T St. of 8 1., and a retrain of four 
lines, and is set to a tune In the Dorian mode, and | time. 

i. " When God at first created man." The Fall, the 
*tnnvttciofum, and the JVatfvfty are dealt with. The 
melody Is in the Eolian modei, and In f time. 

3. " A Virgin most pure ss the prophets do tell." This 
la also given in W. Snndya's Chriitnat Tide, No. 33, 
p, 313, with a different form of the melody. Frorstheae, 



CAROLS 



211 



two sources it was rearranged In I960, liy the bite E. 3ed- 
dlng.in his 1st SetofAttcientChrietMatatrdU, arranged 
for four voices. The melody is in the 7th or Mixo- 
Lydlan mode. 

4. " When righteous Joseph wedded was." 

5. " Hark] hark! what news the Angels bring l rt 
This is in list, of 41. l.h., and has no chorus. 

s. " While Shepherds watched their flocks by night." 
These well-known words, by N. Tata, are eot to an 
ancient melody, reminding one of the tune of the Latin 
hymn, " O Hill et flliae " {Hymnal It., 81). 

1. " God's dear Son without beginning." This carol 
In flat, of B 1. Is sweetly pious in sentiment, and some- 
what above the ordinary level of poetic feeling. 

8. " Let all that are to mirth Inclined." This is in 
16 st. of 1 1., with a chorus of 2 I. : — 

" For to redeem our souls from thrall, 
Christ is tho Saviour of us all." 
In thla carol the whole story of Christmas and Eplpiiany 
Tide Is told In plain and terse rhymes, well calculated to 
catch the ear and touch the hoarta of simple and unso- 
phisticated carollors. The tune is bold and oilcctlve. In 
the Dorian mode on A, and in t time. 

(e) Some years ago an extremely rnro book 
was brought from Stockholm, and placed in 
tho hands of the Editors of the Hymnal 
Noted; and the Caroh for Chri$tma*-Tide, 
and Eatter-Tide, subsequently published in 
1853 and 1854, were the fruits of the Rev. 
J. M. Nettle's study of tho verse, and the 
Bov, T. Helmore's interpretation and harmo- 
nization of tho musical notation it contained. 
This small duodecimo volume is the : — 

Pine Cantiontt Ecdesiaitieat tt Scht&asticae, veteran 
Epitcoporum, in Inclyto Regno Sueciae paitim ustcr- 
patae. (Printed at Grelfewald.) 

These " piouB songs of ancient bishops, 
everywhere in voguo in Sweden," were revised 
and edited in the year 1582 by the Most Eev. 
Theodore Peter Ehwta, of Nyland ; they are 
stated, in the titlepage, to be most highly 
esteemed by the Church of God, and the 
School at Abo, in Finland. The Dedication 
to his Patron the "Illustrious and Noble Lord 
Christian Horn, Freo Baron of Aminnn," en- 
forces the Apostolic teaching as to tho use of 
Psalms, Hymns and Spiritual Song?, by tho 
practice of the " Old Fathers," who always 
joined music with the Word of God, as also 
by that of the wise governors and pious 
Bishops of the Christian Church. This dedi- 
cation is dated from Rostock, May 23, 1582. 

Every cantido of the TB contained in the 20o pages of 
this little book has the notes of a melody to which all 
the verses are to be sung, some being also furnished with 
a second part, others with three or four parts, A few 
are noted throughout, after the manner of sequences, 
with recurring strains, but not in exact regular verses, 
as in the usual tunes of carols and hymns. The fitet 
part of tho little book (to p. 1 0) contains Gantionei de 
Xatinitate, then fellow others, de Paeeitme, and de 
Iftturrccttone; at pages 104, 105, lOSandlu? there are tho 
Dctcantttt, Alius, Tenor and Jfrtarus, of a setting of the 
Hymn " Setu du&tt m^ROrias," in the Dorian mode on 
G. Next a Phrygian melody to a carol, " fit Petto i'en- 
teeostet," at p, 109. Songs, De Trfnltate; p. IIS, De 
Eucharistla ; at p. 112, Cantlonos precum, aome of them 
llymnt In the strictest sense. Some aongs follow, la- 
menting, and inveighing against crimes, wickedness, and 
general corruption of manners. At p, 158, to 17s, ore 
songs, De vita Scholasttea; and the collection closes 
with a couple of songs under each of tho following 
headings, De.Oantariia ; Historic^ Ctmtiones, and ix 
Ifetapore Vernati. 

"The Piae CanUonet were published for 
tho use of the Lutheran communion in 
Sweden. Neither words nor music, however, 
were changed from earlier sources ; and they 
occur in the Libraries of Germany, England 
, and France, with no other difference than 



212 



CAROLS 



traditionary repetition and popular variations 
would naturally introduce. (See the Pre- 
faces in the folio ed. of Helmore and Neale't 
CardU for Chrittmai- and Easter-Tide for 
further information.) 

(/) Soon after the publication of the 12 
Carol* for Christmas-Tide, and of the 12 for 
Easter-Tide before mentioned, Mr. Edmund 
Bedding, in 1860, published a Bet of nine 
AtUient Ghristmn* Carols, corresponding with 
the 18mo ed. of Helmore and Neale'* Carol* 
in size, type, and four-part vocal arrangement 
In compressed score, and a separate book of 
ivords; a 9th ed. appeared in 1863; and that 
same year a second set of seven more carols 
by the same energetic " Cantor of 8. Baplutel, 
Bristol," was published, and to the prefaces 
of each set the reader is referred for farther 
information. 

(g) Three original carols of the late Dr. 
Neale may also here be noticed : — 

(1) "iJiucs and Lazarut," Arranged by Edmund 
Seddlng— the melody ifl of the 16th cent.— "iVow oring 
in good caeer." (2) "Good Christians alt, awafce, 
for Christmas Morning; mueic by the Rev. Thomas 
Helmore. (3) Lines written expressly to a Danish air 
by E. Heraeman, given by Dr. Neale In us. to W. S. 
Lambert, who also received a pianoforte copy of the 
music from Mrs. Neale. Mr. Lambert arranged it for i 
voicee, to which Mr- Manns added wind instrument ac- 
companiments. As a grand march also, it has been 
performed both at the Crystal Palace and elsewhere. 
The wonis ate, it is believed, now for the first time pub- 
lished, through Mr. Lambert's courtesy to the writer :— 

A Soldicr'i Carol, by Rev. John Mason Neale, K.a. 
C&.n.) j written to the Danish air " Der Tapfer Laadsol- 
dtt " (by K Hememan). 

l. 
God bless the brave and true, 
God bless the brave and true, 
God bless and bring them thro', 
Yea, God bless and bring them thro', 

Whatever be the fight ! 

God bless and save the right, 
And send the happy morning 
That shall end a gloomy night t 
True men have all one hope, boys. 
One faith, one strength, one aim ; 
And though the battles diner, 
The crown shall be the same. 
And therefore Odd with us I 
And we will be with Him. 
Hurrah ! hurrah 1 hurrah i 
2. 
With God to guard and guide, 
With God to guard and guide. 
We laugh at aU beside ! 
Yes, we laugh at all beside I 
Cheer up, brave hearts, and trust 1 
Yon can, you will, you must j 

And see the God of battle, lads, 
And not the arm of dust I 
The world and all its Legions, 
They hand against the right ; 
But if we have the truth, boys 

We also have the might. 
And therefore God for us, 
And we will be for Him. 

Hurrah] hurrah! hurrah 1 
3. 
fio~4&>se, and firm, and near I 
So — close, and firm, and near E 
*' Jbgether, front and rear!"* 
Let him, poor wretch I who may 
The cause to gold betray ! 
por us — the sword is drawn — 
Yes, and the scabbard flung away J 
Strike in, strike in for justice 1 
Be spent, as well as spend : 
And then— this life may go, boys, 
The other cannot end. 
And therefore God for us, 
And we will be for Him, 

Hurrah [ hurrah ! hurrah ! 

* The fatnouB word passed along the lines, when the 
.British soldiers led themselves at FuntenQy, 174". 



0ABOLB 

(ft) Dr. Bimbault's Little Book of Christ- 
mas Carols, and Mr, Husk's excellent Collec- 
tion of Songs of the Nativity, must not bo 
omitted from the list of books included in Iho 
various and abundant sources of supply of 
original carols accessible to " readers," and 
to singers, of this popular Christian minstrelsy. 

(i) Carols for use in Chwch daring Christ- 
mas and Epiphany, by the Rev, S. JJ. Chape, 
1875. The book has in all 112 carols. These 
include many old traditional ones, and many 
quite new, which (a reviewer in the Literary 
Churchman states) "are quite worthy, as a 
rule, of appearing with their time-honoured 
compeers. There is also a learned and moat 
interesting Introduction, by the Bev.S. Baring- 
Gould ; and in it will be found much which 
appeared also in the fourth part of the Sacristy. 

(j) Christmas Carols, New and Old, the 
words edited by the Rev. Henry Bamsden 
Bramley, m,a„ with illustrations by the 
Brothers DnlzieL, and music edited by Dr. 
Stainer, U.S., is a handsome addition to carol 
literature of the present times; excellent 
in the poetry, pictureequo in the illustrations, 
correct and refined in the music and its 
arrangements. There is an excellent pre- 
face in a smaller ed, of this book, and an 
index giving the source of the music and 
of tho words of each carol. (Novello & 
Co.) Of the 70 examples in tliis work 
there are some 29 from traditional sources, 
19 of which are to he found in other collec- 
tions; thus 11 of them aro in Sandys, 3 in 
Gilbert, 3 in Christmas wifA the Poets, 2 in 
Helmore and Neale, and 12 in Chope. Prom 
this collection wo select tho following carols 
ns being excellent for their sound doctrine, 
religious unction, and poetic fervour. But 
where almost all are, in their several kinds, 
very good, this notice of a few must not bo 
taken as any disparagement of the rest. 

1. "Come, ye lofty; come, ye lowly." Rev, Archer 
Gumey. 

a. "Come, tune your heart," Tr. by Frances E. Coi 
from the German. 

3. « Jesu, hail ! " TV. by the Eev. H. K. Bromley 
from "Ave JesuDeus." 

4, " Good Christian men, rejoice." Dr. Neale. 

&. " On the birth-day of the Lord." Tr. by l>r. 
Llttledale from the Latin. 

B. " The great God of heaven Is come down tocarth," 
by H. K. Bramley. 

I. " God's dear Son without beginning," already 
noticed. 

9. " The Babe in Bethlehem's manger laid." This 
is traditional from ChappeU'a cott. 

9. " The Virgin stills the ctylng." Tr. by H. B. 
Bramley. The melody to this carol is by J. Barnby, It 
is a favourable example of the modem tunes and their 
arrangement, happily combining the simplicity of pure 
diatonic melody with slight touches of modern harmony. 

10. " Ones again, Messed time," by the Hev. W. 
Bright, d.d. ; high-toned faith and warm devotion, with 
most harmonious verse, characterise this most charming 
Christmas song. 

II. "All this night, bright angels Blng," by W. 
Austin, less, set to music by Sir A. Sullivan. 

12. " Forth then she came to seek where He did 
roam," Among the carols of a legendary and imagina- 
tive castperhapa the most striking In this collection la 
this by Dr. Stainer. It is an original conception, and 
not, as it might be thought, the elaboration of a most 
lovely legend. The carol is very beautiful, and closes 
with a lovely lesson : — 

" Know then, dear brother, In these Christmas boum, 
Sorrow, like snow, will melt tf He but smile ; 
And if He clothe thy wintry path with flowers. 
Amidst thy mirth think on His thorns awhile/' 

13, " A Babe is 1»rn, all of a Haul." This Is a 



GABOLS 

good specimen of the 16th cent, of a mixture of tba ver- 
nacular with well-known tinea of the Old Office hymns, 
m noted before. The fiiet stanw reads ;— 
*' A Bane Is bora, all of a Maid 
To bring salvation with us; 
No more are we to sing afraid, 
Vein, Creator Spirltus." 
14. "Immortal Babe, who this dear day," by Ito. 
Hall, Is already noted above. It waa written for the 
choir of Exeter Cathedral. 

Concerning No. C nbove, " The great God," 
&c, Dr. Stutter has supplied the following 
facts:— 

He says he has every reason to believe that the melody 
was orhgnally the same se that of " A Virgin unspotted, 
fce," The editors [of the ClurUtmat Cants, Nem ana) 
Otd\ received several us. copies of the tune taken orally, 
agreeing with that which the; have printed : but from 
Gloucestershire a tune was obtained that was always aung 
to these words ["AYirgfo unspotted, ftc."J but differing 
widely from Its more usual form. It was considered so 
beautiful that Dr. Stabler got his co-editor to arrange 
other words for It, Thus we are Indebted to the happy 
accident of • variation In the melody for another carol 
on the Nativity, " The great God of heaven Is come 
down to earth, equal to the former [" A Virgin un- 
spotted "] in the clearness and Interest of tts narrative, 
and far surpssstng It In depth of thought, and elegance 
of diction. 

(t) An ©xcellentcoUeclionofCoroJt,fljmfie 
and Noeltfor ChrUhmattyde was published by 
T. W. Staniforth, in 1883. It contains 20 
lyrics. The editor baa caught the Bpirit and 
adopted the true style of obarch harmony, 
both in the arrangements of the tunes gene- 
rally, and in the six he has composed himself. 
The work deserves wide circulation, and a 
dearer typography than the engraved pages 
of the flret issue. 

(I) Church Songt by the Rev. S. Baring- 
Gould, with musics edited by the Eev. H. F, 
Sheppard, 1881-86. 

(nt) Carol* and Poem from the 15(6 cent to 
the Pretext Time, by A. H. Bullen, 1885, is 
rich in words. 

(n) In Excehi* Gloria: Carolt/or Christ- 
TMtt-lide, 1885. This is set to musio by A. 
H. Brown, and contains both ancient and 
modem Carols not found in other modern 
collections. 

(o) Carol* for Batter and other Tidet. By 
the Rev. R R. Chope, 1887. 

(3) Lullaby CaroU. One of the most strik- 
ing of these we have already given, p. 209. 
Ofotiiers a few specimens must suffice. From 
the Latin we hove " Bleep, my Babe ! O sleep, 
the Mother," a tr. of " Dormi, Fili I dormi, 
Hater," by Mary D. Moultrie, in tho Rev. 
Gerard Moultrie's Hymns cmd Lyrics, 1867 ; 
from the German of J. C. Rnbe, "Sleep well, 
my dear, sleep safe and free," in Jncobi's 
Ptalmodia Gtrmomica, 1722 ; from Old Eng- 
lish, " My sweet little Babie, what meanest 
thou for to cry," jit Byrd as above, end 
Montgomery's Christian Poet, 1827 ; " Sweet 
baby, sleep, what ails my dear?" G. Wither, 
1W1 asaboro; and "Hush, my dear, lie still 
and slumber," by I. Waits. 

(4) Secular CaroU. Amongst the less 
sacred or wholly secular enrols may bo men- 
tioned the famous Queen's College .Boor's 
Head Carol commonly ushering in die Christ- 
mas banquet; not only there, but at all 
grand tables of monnrchs and nobles ; songs 
in praise of holly and ivy; wassailing songs, 
and those of tlie waits, all so well described 
by Sandys, It is perhaps allowable to add a 
a brief account of at least one specimen of a 



CARR, THOMAS W. 



213 



olass, by no means uncommon in earlier days* 
legendary in their origin, and sometimes 
childish in their character. 

At Coventry, In U9& Richard III. witnessed the 
" Xtidu* Cbrwrit Chriiti " ; and so also did Henry VII. 
tn ltsS. This play opens at the sending forth of the 
decree of Augustus, and the consequent Journey of 8. 
Joseph and the B. V. Mary to Bethlehem. On the way 
she sees a tree, and asks what it is. 8. Joseph replies!, 
" For suthe Mary it Is doped a cherry tree ; In tyme of 
year, ye might feed you thereon your nil." They con- 
verse on the tree, be desiring to hasten on ; she to have 
some of the fruit. He deems It impossible to get at It, 
but Implies that He by whom she is with child could 

rit her wish. She prays God that, If It be His will, 
may have some of the cherries. The tree immedi- 
ately bows down to her. Joseph fears he has offended 
the Blessed Trlntty, and humbles himself. Hence the 
subject of Ibe carol still sung, with various readings. In 
many parts of England, " Jtitepk tuu an ota man." 
Sandys, at p. 341; Cbope, No. 36 ; and Bramwell and 
Btalner, No. zs ; give each a different version. In Chops 
the legend Is eliminated, doubtless thst the rest of the 
Bong may not be excluded from use in Church, sir. 
Baring-Gould considers this story " is the lingering of a 
very carious mysterious tradition, common to the whole 
race of man, that the eating of the fruit tn Eden was 
the cause of the descendant of Eve becoming the Mother 
of Him who was to wipe away that old transgression,"* 
and be refers to Finnish epic poetry, the mythology of 
the Mexicans, a romance that has lately appeared from 
the catacombs of Egypt, and other rare sources of infor- 
mation in support of this view. 

ix. Conclusion. — The revival of carol sing- 
ing already alluded to has stimulated both 
poets and composers to add fresh stores to 
that abundance already transmitted to our age 
from earlier and more thoroughly believing 
times. The translations from the Latin writers 
in the Ages of Faith, when happily turned 
into trne English idiom, and versification (as 
so many are, specially those of the late la- 
mented Dr. John Mason Neale), are not only 
most worthy of use, but are the best patterns 
(and fortunately the most imitated) for the 
hymn and carol writers of the present day. 
Time, Iho certain arbiter of true excellence, 
has tried the old as it will eventually the nea. 
"It is impossible at one stretch to produce a 
quantity of new carols, of which words and 
muaie shall alike be original. They must bo 
the gradual accumulation of centuries; the 
offerings of different epochs, of different conn- 
tries, of different minds, to the same treasury 
of tho Church. None but an empiric would 
venture to make a set to order." (Neale, Pre- 
face to CaroU for Christmas-Tide.) [T. H.j 

Carpenter, Joseph Edwardea, ph.d., 
journalist, compiler of popular eones and bal- 
ltids, dramatic writer and autlior of songs and 
hymns, was b. in London, Nov. 2, 1813, nnd 
d. in London, May 6. 1885. For a short time 
he was on the staff of some local journals in 
Leamington. His works, original and com- 
piled, number nearly 20. Tli^se include his 
Songt: Sacred and Devotional, 1866, and from 
thiBvolumehishymnsaretaken. DcanAlford 
included his " Lord and Father of creation " 
(lioly Matrimony) in The Tear of Praise, 18(i7. 

[J. J.] 
Caxr, Thomas William, m.a., s. of 
Thomas William Carr, v.*., Incumbent of 
Southborough, b. Juno 15, 1830, and educated 
at Wadham College, Oxford, where he gradu- 
ated (in honours), 1853. On taking Holy 
Orders in 1856, he bncame Curate of St. Peters 



• •< In the Carol, aiul the Mystery Play, this tradition 
la strangely altered, but tta presence cannot fail to be 
detected." InttodtKtiou to Cnope's (ttmls. p. xxt. 



214 



CABf.ALICB 



with Holy Cross, Canterbury. In 1857 ho was 
preferred to tlie Bectory of Beattdesert.and in 
the same year to the Rectory of Loddington, 
North Hants. He entered upon the Bectory 
of Banning, near Maidstone, in 1865. His 
hymn on "The Scren Words from the Gross," 
beginning" Draw near, thou lowly Christian," 
was written at Loddlngton in Holy Week, 
1865, and pub. by Dalton ; revised in 1885, and 
rmb. by Wells Gardner, Darton & Co. The 
People « H. t 1867, has the original text [J. J.] 

Cary, Alice, the elder of two gifted sisters, 
was b. near Cincinnati, Ohio, 1820, removed to 
New York tn 1852, and d. there Feb. 12, 1871. 
The story of the two sisters — of their coura- 
geous move from a, rural, western home, their 
life in the metropolis, their mutual affection, 
and inability to lire apart — has attracted much 
admiring and sympathetic interest As poets 
they were of nearly equal merit. Besides 
some prose works, Alice pub. a toI, of Poems 
in 1850. Her hymns are r — 

1. Earth with ita dark ui dreadful tils. Death 
anticipated. This fine lyrio is given in Hi)*, and 
Songs of Praise, H. Y., 1874, and dated 1870. 

S. Along ths mountain troth of 1Mb. Lent. The 
authorship of this hymn, although sometimes 
attributed to Alice Cary, is uncertain. It ap- 
peared anonymously inH. W. Beecher's Plymouth 
Colt., 1855, No. 438. It would seem from its 
tone and the refrain, " Nearer to Thoe," to have 
been suggested by Mrs. Adams's "Nearer, my 
God, to Thee," whieh appeared in 1841. 

In addition to these there are the following 
hymns by her iu the Lyra Baa. Amer., 1868 : — 

3. Bow^gela, from your glorious state. Peacedesired. 

4. 1 cannot plainly see the "way. I*rovidence. 

H. Leave me, dour ones, to my slumber. Death anti- 
cipated. 

C Light waits for us tn heaven. Heaven. 

1. A crown of glory bright. 71u Fadeless {frown. Ja 
the iett. a s. if. Bit. (Loud.), ie». [F. M. B.] 

Cary, Phcebe, sister of the above, b. near 
Cincinnati, Ohio, Sept. 4, 1824, and d. within 
six months of the death of the same sister at 
Newport, July 31, 1871. Her works include 
Poenw and Parodies, 1854 ; and Poems of 
Faith, Hope and Love, 18G8. With Dr. Charles 
F. Deems she compiled Hymns for all CAW*- 
Hans, 1869. Her hymns are : — 

1, One sweetly solemn thought, Anticipation of 
Heaven. This piece was not intended fur pnblic 
use, nor is it a suitable metre for musical treat, 
ment, yet it has won universal acceptance and 
popularity. Iu seme instances this has been at- 
tained by change of metre as in tho Suppl, to 
tbeBapt. Ps. §■ Hys. 1880, No. 1185. Johnson's 
Encyclopaedia is in erroT in saying it wns "written 
at the age of 17." The Congregational Quarterly 
for Oct., 1874, says, " it was written, she tells 
us, in the little back third story bedroom, one 
Sabbath morning in 1852, on her return from 
chui-ch." This statement shows that it was com- 
posed when she was 28, and not 17. The popu- 
larity of the hymn in G. Britain arose mainly 
through its use in the Evangelistic services of 
Messis, Moody and Sankey. In the Protestant 
Episc. If ye. for Ch. and Home, Phiia., 1BG0, No. 
383, it is given as " A sweetly solemn thought." 

The following additional pieces by this 
author are in tiusLgra Sue. Amer., 1S68 ; — 



CASWALL, EDWABD 

3. Go and sow beside all waters. Seed Sawing. 
S. Great waves of plenty rolling up. Gratitude. 
*. I had drunk, with lips nasated. Livina Waters. 
[F. M. B.] 

CSaar, HeinriGh, was b. at Greussen in 
Thuringia, c. 1597, and became diaconus at 
Labiau, East Prussia, in 1624, He was insti- 
tuted Fob. 25, 1627, aa pastor at Loewenhagen, 
near Konigsberg (Lowenhagen or Leueitha- 
gen), and d. there, in his 72nd year, Aug. 11, 
1669 (ws. from Pastor Winkler of Loewenha- 
gen)!. The hymn ; 

tn dialer Ahenditnnde, erheb ieh [Evening!, ap- 
peared with his name In tbe JV<sw Preustisehet volts Wn- 
digtt G. B., Konigsberg, 1*50, p. 6G0, in IS St., and J. 
Crtlger's Praxis. 1648, Mo. 19. Sometimes erroneously 
ascribed to Conrad Hnober, of Strassbnrg. It is tr, 
as, "In this the evening hour," by S. J. Buckoll, 
IMS, p. K. [J. M,] 

Cast thy burden on the Lord. 

{Slrengtk in QodJ] This hymn appeared 
anonymously (in common with all the hymns 
therein) in Rowland Hill's P$. and Hymns, &c^ 
1st ed., 1783, No. 64, iu 5 et. of 4 1., and en- 
titled, " Encouragement for tbe Weak." In 
this form it passed into several collections to 
1853, when it appeared in the Leeds II. Bk., 
No. 571, rewritten by G. Bawson. As the 
hymn in both forms is in C. U., and tho latter 
somewhat extensively, we append the two. 

Jt. Hili's (fat, 1783. 

Out (*y burden on tte 

Lord, 
Only lain upon His word ,- 
Thou wilt toon have cause 

tablet* 
Ms eternal faithfulness. 

Be sustain* tkee by Hi* 

handi 
He enables thee to standi 
Those whom Jesus once 

hath lov'd, 
From His grace are never 

mov'd. 

Hnman counsels conic to 

nought i 
That Bball stand which God 

hath wrought ; 
Sis compassion, tare and 

power 
Are the tame for evermore. 

Heaven and earth may pass 

away, 
God's free grace shall not 



G, Rawson's text, isw. 

Cast thy Burden on the 

Lord, 
Only feon upon Bit word ; 
Thou shalt soonjSnd cause 

to bless 
Sis eternal faUhfulnetl. 

Wouldst thou knowtby self 
a child? 

Is thy proud heart recon- 
ciled ? 

Is it humbled to tbe dust, 

Full of awe and full of 
trust? 

Dost thou not rejoice with 

fearr 
Never be high-minded here ; 
Heed not what tbe tempter 

with, 
Cling to Christ In lowly 

failb. 

Fear not, then, in every 

storm 
There shall come tbe Mas- 
ter's term ; 

He bath promised to fulfil Cheering voice and present 
AllthepfcasureofHiswill. aid— 

"It is I, be not afraid." 

Jesus, Onaidlan of Tliy Be wtli hiid thee with Bis 

Muck, 
Be Thyself our constant 

Bock; 
Make us by Thy powerful 

hand 
Strong as Slon's mountain 

stand. 

By comparing the portions in italics in each 
of tho above it will be seen, st. i. and v, of tho 
1853 text are from Rowland Hill, 1783 ; and 
st. iL, iii. and iv. are by G. Eawsoii. In soino 
hymnals, specially in America, alterations ore 
introduced into tho 1853 text, as for instance 
in tho Hys. and Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874, 
and others. Tile extent of these and other 
alterations maybe gathered by comparing any 
given text with those above. [J. J] 

CaswaU, Edward, m.a., b. of the Rev. 
B. (X Caswall, sometime Vicar of Yately, 



And enable thee to stand ; 
Bit Compottion, Itnse, and 



Are the same for evermore. 



CAWOOD, JOHN 

Hampshire, b. at Yately, July 15, 1814, and 
educated at Brasenose College, Oxford, gradu- 
ating it) honours in 1836. Taking Italy Orders 
in 1838, ho became in 1840 Incumbent of 
Stratford-sub-Castle, near Salisbury, and re- 
signed the same in 1847. In 1850 (Mrs. Gas- 
wall baying died in 184B) he was received into 
the Roman Catholic communion, and joined 
Dr. Newman at the Oratory, Edgbastan. His 
life thenceforth, although void of stirring inoi- 
donts, was marked by earnest devotion to his 
clerical duties and a lovinglnterest in the poor, 
the rick, and lit little children. His original 
poems and hymns were mostly written at the 
Oratory. Hed,atEdgbaston,Jan.2,1878,and 
was buried on Jan. 7 at Bed wall, near Broms- 
grovc, by his leader and friend Cardinal New- 
man. Caswoll's translations of Latin hymns 
from the Soman Breviary and other sources 
have a wider circulation in modern hymnals 
than those of any other translator. Dr. Neale 
alone excepted. This is owing to his general 
faithfulness to the originals, and the purity of 
his rhythm, the latter feature specially adapt- 
ing his hymns to music, and for congregational 
purposes. His original compositions, although 
marked by considerable poetical ability, are 
not extensive in their use, their doctrinal 
teaching being against their general adoption 
outside the Eoman communion. His hymns 
appeared in :— 

(i) Lyra G&tteKco, which contained 1M translations 
Broni the /toman Breviary, Afatal, and other Bodices. 
1st ed. Lon,, James Burns, 1849. Tble wsa reprinted in 
New York in 1861, with heveral ]>ymns from other 
sources added thereto. This edition is quoted in the 
Indices to some American hymn-books as Lyra Oath., 
as Ln Leecher'B Plymouth €toU. 18SS, And others. 

(3) Masque of Mary, and Other Poems, having lu 
addition to the opening poem and a few miscellaneous 
pieces, 53 translations, and £1 hymns, 1st ed. Lon., 
burns and Lambert, 1858. 

(3) A Hay Pageunt and Otter Poena, Including 10 
original hymiui. Lon., Burns and Lambert, IMS. 

(i) Ifymns and Poemt, being the three preceding 
volumes embodied In one, with many of the hymns re- 
written or revised, together with elaborate indices. 1st 
ed. Lon., Burns, Ostes & Co., ISIS. Of his original 
hymns about 30 are given in the Roman Catholic 
Crown of Jetut H. Bk, t k.d, ; there are also several In 
the Hymnifor the Year, NJ>., and other Roman Catholic 
collections. [J. J.l 

Cawood, John, h.a.. b. at Matlock, Derby- 
shire, March IS, 1775. His parents being in 
humble circumstances, he received in childhood 
but a limited education, and at 18 was en- 
gaged in the service of the Rev. Sir. Curshnm, 
Satton-in-Aahfleld, Notts. Three years' study, 
however, under careful direction, enabled 
hiiu to enter St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, in 
1707, Obtaining his degree in 1801, he took 
Holy Orders, and became successively Curate 
of Eibsford and Dowles, and Incumbent of St. 
Ann's Chapel of Ease, Bewdloy, Worcester- 
shire. Hed. Nov. 7,1852. His hymns, 17 in 
all, were never published by himself Of these 
9 were included in Cotterill's 8el., 8th ed., 
1819, Nos. 268-276. Most of these have 
passed into other collections. These are :— 

1. Almighty God, Thy wonliscast. lifter a Sermon. 

5. Hark! what mean (hose huly voices? (11:19.) 
Chriiimai 

3. Begin a Joyful song. (1810.) Chritlmas. 

4. Behold yon -wondrous star. (1319.) Epiphany* 

8. Trembling with tenderest alarms. (1818.) finding 
of Motet. 

6. In Israel's faue, by silent night <18H.) &imi«J. 
T. King o'er all worlds the Saviour shrine, (1619.) 

flood Friday. 



OENNICK, JOHN 



215 



8. Christiana, (he glorious hope ye know. (181S.) 
Plea far Mission t, 

B. Hark! what mean those lamentations. flSlfl.l 
Mistime. 

In addition, Dr. Rogers pub. in his Lyra 
Brit., 1807, from the author's mss. : — 

10. A child of sin and wrath I'm bom, (1S3Q.) Jn- 
f ant's Prayer. 

11. The Eon of God, in worlds on high. (1832.) Christ's 
Humility. 

13. Blessed Father, Great Creator. (1331.) Bolt 
Trinity. 

These details are from the s, mss., amongst 
which there are 5 hymns yet unpublished. 

[J. J.] 

Cecil, Richard, j&a., b. in London, Nov. 
8, 1748, and educated at Queen's Coll., Ox- 
ford. Ordained deacon in 1776, and priest in 
1777, He became the Vicar of tiro churches 
near Lewes shortly after; chaplain of St. 
John's Chapel, Bedford Bow, London, 1780; 
and Vicar of Ohobliam and Bisley, 1800. He 
died in 1810. His poem; — 

Cease hen longer to detainme. Desiring Iltaten. In 
st. of 4 I., is supposed to be addressed by a dying in. 
fant to bis mother. It was written for his wife on the 
death of a child "only one month eld, being removed at 
daybreak, whose countenance at tlie time of departure 
was most heavenly." It was 1st pub. in Mrs. Cecil's 
Memoir of him, prefixed to hie Hemains, 1811, and Is 
headed " Let me go, for the day breaketh." In the 
American hymn-books It is usually auhfeviftted, as In 
the Plymouth CM., 18M, and others. [W, T. B,] 

Cedant juati oigna luotos. ffiwfe)-.] 
The date and authorship of this Sequence ore 
unknown. Dr. Nculc {Med. Ht/8. f 1st ed., 
1851) regarded it of French origin, and cer- 
tainly not earlier than the 13th cent., as evi- 
denced by its subjective character, and the 
occurrence of one or two terms which were 
scarcely known to mediaeval writers. Daniel 
gives it in vol. ii. pp. 362-3, and Dr. Nealo 
in Hymni EecUHm, 1851, p. 118. It is also 
in the Toeater Sion, Cologne, 1741, p. 251. 

[W. A. 8.] 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Tmx be sorrow, tears and sighing, Jiy J. M. 
Ncale, pub. in the 1st ed. of his Med. Hymns, 
1851, in 6 st. of 7 1. with the " Alleluia," but 
omitted from later editions. In 1872 it was 
given with alterations, and in 4 st. in the 
llymnary, No. 275. This arrangement had pre- 
viously appeared in Kenneii;/, 18G3, No. G98. 
Dr. Neale's opening lino is, " Hence with sorrow 
and with sighing." It in alsoir, as, "Joy, Ojov, 
ye broken hearted," by KynastiiH, 18(52. [J. J".] 

Cennick, John, a prolific and successful 
hymn-writer, was descended from a family of 
Quakers, but brought up in the Church of 
England. He assisted J. Wesley and then Q. 
Whitefield in their labours for a time, and 
then passed over to, nud died as a minister of, 
the Moravian Church. Born at Beading, Dec. 
12, 1718, ho was for some time a land surveyor 
at Reading, but becoming acquainted with the 
Wesleys in 1739, he was appointed by J. 
Wesley tiB n, teacher of a school for colliers' 
children at Kingswood in the following yciur. 
This was followed by his becoming a loy 

Iireacher, but in 1740 he parted from the W(?s- 
eys on doctrinal grounds. He assisted WJiitc- 
field until 1745, when he joined the Mora- 
vians, and was ordained dca«on, in London, in 
1749, His duties led him twice to Germany 



216 



CERNE LAPSUM 



and also to the North of Ireland. He d. in 
London, July 4, 1755. In addition to a few 
prose works, and some sermons, lie published : — 
(1) Sacred Bymns, for Out Children of 0od in the 
Days of their Pilgrimage, Lond., J. Lewis, N.n. (2nd 
ed.Xond,, B. Milles, 1741). Fts. if., ii).. IMS ; (a) Sacred 
Bymns for the Use «/ iteligious Societies, Ac., Bristol, 
F. Farley, 1743; (3) A Cwtction of Sacred JSjmttw, 
kc, Dublin, S. Powell, 3rd ed., 1749 ; (4) Kwhjw to 
rte Aonour o/" Jew* Cfcr&t, compoted for soon Zfltfe 
Children at d«ire to be wired. Dublin, S. Fowell, 
1764. Additional hymns from hut wss. were pnb- by 
his son-in-law, the Rev. J. &wertner,in the Jtoravfon if. 
«k., 1789, of which he was theeditor. There sib also 18 
ofhisbyinnB in tit Senurnt, a vols., 1763-4, some being 
old hymns rewritten, and others new. 

Many of Cennick's hymns are widely known, 
us, " Lo, He cometh, countless trumpets ; 
" Brethren, let us join to bless ; " " Jesns, my 
all, to heaven is gone ; " " Children of the 
heavenly King;" "Ere I sleep, for every 
favour; "We sing to Thee, Thou Son of 
God;" and the Graces: "Be present at our 
table, Lord ; " and " We thank Thee, Lord ; " 
&c. Some of the stanza s of his hymn s are very 
fine, but the hymns taken as a. whole are most 
unequal. Some excellent centos wight be 
compiled from his various works. His religious 
experiences were given as a preface to his 
Sacred Hymns, 1741. In addition to the 
hymns named, and others annotated under 
their first lines, the following are in C. U. : — 

1. Be with me [us] Lord, where'er I [we] go. Divine 
Protcctim. [1141 J 

2. Cast thy burden on the Lord. Suomission. [L743.] 

3. Not unto us, but Thee alone. Praise to Jesus. 
[1743.] 

4. Thou dear Redeemer, dying Lutnb. Priesthood of 
Christ. [1743.] 

G. We sing to Thea, Thou Son of God. finite to 
Jesus. [1743.] 

6. When, dear Jeans, when ahall I ? Sunday Even- 
ing. [1743.] [J. J.] 

Cerne lapsnm BorvTilum, J. W. Peter- 

nen, {Lent.] 1st pub. in the QdttrHcliet 
O. B., Hulle, 1697, p. 83, in 12 St., entitled, 
"Hymnus animi luetantis et vincentis," and 
thence as No. 263 in Fruylhighausen's G. £., 
1704. It isadiuloguobetweentheSuul(i.-vi., 
si., xii.) and Jesus (vii.-x,), iu 12 st. of 8 1. 
Freylinghauson also included as No. 271 a 
full tr. contributed by L. A. Gottcr, beginning 
" Siehe 1 ich gefallner Kuecht." This is No. 
273 in Porst's Q. B„ ed. 1855. The tr$. are :— 
(1) "Look on me Thy servant fall'n," as No. 631 in 
pt. 1. of the Jh«'ot>ian/f.^*.,17S4. (2) " Jesus cometh 
to fulfil," a tr. of st. vll., as st. il. of No. 703, in the 
Moravian S. Bk-, 1801 (18S8, No. 994). {3) " Lamb of 
God, Ml prolseto Thee," A tr. of st. xll., as st. iii, of 
No. 362, In the Moravian B. Bk.. 1S0I riB86,No. 409). 

[J. M.] 
Cervenka, Matthias (Erythrcieua), was 
b. at Cclakowitz, Buhemia, Feb. 21, 1521. 
He was consecrated bishop of tho Bohemian 
Brethren in 1553, and was also secretary of 
the Unity. He d. at Promu, Moravia, Deo. 
12, 15G9. Ono of hia hymns, written in Bohe- 
mian, bos passed into English as follows : — 

AJ jakJeattomiUantlaaiie. [The Christian Church,^ 
Founded on Fe. cixsiii. In the Bohemian Brethren's 
B. Bk., 1561, folio 170 b., in IS st. Tr. into German by 
P. Herbert in the Eirchettgeseng, Prag, 1G6G, and thence 
in Wackcrnagd, lv. p. 428, beginning, "Schiij, wie 
lleblich und gut ist's alien BrOdcni. Tr. from the 
German as No. 386 In the Moravian B. Bk., 17S9 (less. 
No. 40a\ beglmdng, " How good and pleasant ia it to 
behold.'^ [J. M.] 

Chadwiok, John White, was b. at 

Uoxhlehead, Mass., U.S., Oct. 19. 1810; 



CHAMBERS, JOHN D. 

graduated at the Cambridge Divinity School, 
July 19, 1864, and ordained minister of tho 
Second Unitarian Church, Brooklyn, N.Y., 
Dec. 21, 1864. A frequent contributor to tiro 
Christian Examiner; TJte Radical; Old and 
New; Harper's Magazine ; and has published 
many poems in American periodicals. His 
hymn on Unity, "Eternal Ruler of tho cease- 
less round," was written for the graduating 
class of the Divinity School, Cambridge, Juno 
19, 1864. It is ilk Herder's Congregational 
Hymns, 1884. It is a hymn of superior 
merit f_W. Q. H.] 

Chamberlain, Thomas, m.a., was b. 
in 1810, and educated at Westminster, and 
Christ Church, Oxford f b.a. in honours, 1831). 
From 1837 to 1842 he was Vicar of Cowley, 
Oxford, and in 1&42 he became Vicar of St. 
Thomas the Martyr, Oxford. He was Student 
of Christ Church, and Hon. Canon (1862). He 
was also from 1844 to 1850 Rural Dean of 
Oxford. His pub. works include Theory of 
Christian Worship, 2nd ed. 1855 ; The Steven 
Ages of the Church, 1858 ; and a Commentary 
on the Epistle to the Jfcrawns, 1870. He also 
edited: — 

{1> Hymns Used in the Church of St. Thomas iht 
Martyr, Oxford, Oxford, W. E. Bowden, 1881. This 
collection has been enlarged from time to time. (2) 
Hymns ehitfiy for the Minor fittivalt, RUted 6j the 
Sec. T. Chamberlain, M.A^ Student of Chritt Church, 
and Vicar of St. Thomat th£ Martyr, Oxford. Lond., 
J. Masters, 1SC3. This contains 23 hymns. 

To these collections Mr. Chamberlain con- 
tributed the following hymns : — 

1. Among the saints of God. Royal Saints. 

2. Another year Is well nigh gone. & next before 
Advent. 

3. Apostle and Evangelist. St. Matthew. " To be 
inserted before the Doxology of any common metre 
hymn." 

4. Before the throne of God. Ember Days. 

s. lUrk t what mean those gladsome voices. Christ- 
mat. Adapted from other hymns. 

0. Gnsrdtiin of the Church divine. Ordination. 
Adapted from other hymns. 

1. Of all the twelve Thou callcst. St. John the Ecan- 
gelitt. 

8. 8&int Mark goes forth to AfrLc's strand. St. Mark, 
o. Sweet it is to blend In union. St. Edward tho 
King; and St. Dvmttan. 

10. The Church is odd throughout the globe. Unity 
of the Church. 

11. The ten commandments once for all. For Mun> 
attic Saints. 

13. The thoughts that filled the mind of Luke. St, 
tviec. 

13. 'Twaa Thou, Lord, Who gav'st the word. St. 
A-Nguttine qf Canterbury. 

14. When once tho Lord limn Egypt. St. Edward 
the King ; and St. Itunstan. 

In addition to these hymns, No. 135, " And 
now the saint by whose dread pains," consisis 
of Btimzas adapted to S3. Andrew, Thomas, 
Matthias, Barnabas, Peter, James, Bar- 
tholomew, Simon and Jude, and designed to be 
introduced in the hymn " The eternal gifts of 
Christ the King." D.Jan. 20,1892. [J. J.] 

Chambers, John David, m.a., f.&a., s. 
of Captain Chambers of tho R. N., wBsb. in 
London in 1805, and educated at Orit-I Col- 
lege, Oxford, graduating with honours, in 
1837 (m.a. 1831). He was called to the Bar 
by Hie loner Temple in 1831. In 1842 he pub. 
an elaborate treatise on the Jurisdiction of the 
Court of Chancery over the persons and pro- 
perty of Infants, and was appointed Recorder 
of New Saruni the same year. At Salisbury 



CHANDLER, JOHN 

his attention was specially attracted io the 
Liturgical and other Ecclesiastical lore ap- 
pertaining to the Cathedral, and to St. Os- 
mund, its Bishop, 1078. St. Osmond compiled 
from different sources a series of Divine 
Offices, and Bules for their celebration within 
his diocese. These Bales were in two parts, 
the Ordinals, and the Consuetudinary. 

The use of these Rulei became Tery extensive ; and 
although Is certain parte the Uses of Turk, Hertford, 
Bangor, and Lincoln varied, yet John Brampton, the 
Cistercian Abbot of JervauLt, writing within a hundred 
yeare after St. Osmund's death, says that these Rule* 
end Offices had been adopted throughout England, Wales, 
and Ireland. 

About 1230 (after the opening of the New 
Cathedral at Salisbury^) these Bales were col- 
lected and rewritten in a complete volume, 
entitled Traetatw de Officii* EcdetiasUev* 
(ms. in the Cathedral Library). In the mean 
time the Ordinate had become partly welded 
into this Contuetudinary, and partly (especi- 
ally that portion therein omitteafrom Maundy 
Thursday to Easter Eve) incorporated in the 
Breviary, Missal, and Processional, which had 
assumed definite shapes. From these m- 
feriale, together with the aid of several Hsa 
and early printed Breviaries, Mr. Chambers 
pub. a tr. of ; — 

The Piaiter, or Seven Ordinary Bows of ' Sarmn.,v>iih 
t*e Hymns for the Tear, and the Vartaticnt qf the Tork 
and Hertford Breviariei, Load. 1852. This was accom- 
panied with a Preface, notes, and illustrations, together 
with music from a xs. folio Antiphonary or Breeiary 
of the early part of tbe Hth cent. (In the Salisbury Oath. 
Lib.) collated with a similar mb. folto(£afudVwne, 463), 
both of Strum Use The hymns with their melodies, 
and tbe Canticles, were also collated with a as. of the 
Mth cent. (Earl. 29»1). 

Mr. Chambers's subsequent publications in- 
clude : — 

* (1) The Bncheiridian ; or, Book <rf Daily Devotion of 
ike Undent English Church according to £aru» Use. 
Lond. 1S60. To this a number of the appropriate 
Hymns and Collects were added. (1) A Ctompmiim for 
Holy Oontmunionfor Clergy or Laity ; with a Prefatory 
Qffee for Confession, from tke Ancient English Offices 
qf Sanm Use, 3rd ed. 18SS. This wag accompanied 
with notes and authorities, (3) Lauda Syon, Ancient 
Latin Hymns of the EnaliM and Other Churches, 
Translatedintotorrtspoitd%vg Metres, Pt. i. ISM i Pt. ii. 
ISM. {*) An Order of Battchotd Devotion for a Week, 
with Variation! Jar the Stetsons md Festivals, from. 
the Ancient English of Barwm Use. Lond. 1854. (&) 
A Complete A Particular, yet concise account of the 
mode <f conducting Divine Worship in England xn the 
13th and 14th centuries, contrasted «ila and adapted 
to that in hw at the Present Time. Lond. 1S11. («) 
A tr. from the original Greek of the genuine works of 
Merwtet ftismegistut, tbe Christian Neoplatoniet (a.d. 
so), with notes and quotations from tbe Fathers. 

Mr. Chambers's publications and Irs. have 
had no small port in stimulating the great 
change which has taken place in the mode of 
worship in the Church or England, His tr$. 
of Latin hymns nro close, clear and poetical j 
they have much strength and earnestness, and 
the rhythm is easy and musical. Those in 
C. XS. are mainly from the Lauda Syan. 
Greater use, however, might be made of theso 
translations than has been done. Their 
earnestness and dignity would raise the tone of 
many collections. D. Aug. 22, 1893. [J. JJ 

Chandler, John, n.A.,ono of the earliest 
and most successful of modern translators of 
Latin hymns, s. of the Bcv. John F. Chandler, 
was b. at Witley, Godalming, Surrey, Juno 
16, 1806, and educnted at Corpus Christi Col- 
lege, Oxford, where he graduated in 1827. He 



CHAPIN, EDWIN H. 



217 



Ctilect 



took Holy Orders in 1831, and became Vicar 
of Witley in 1837. He d. at Putney, July 1, 
1876. Besides numerous Sermons and Tracts, 
his prose works include Life of William of 
Wykeham, 1812 ; and Sorae Saerae; Prayers 
and Meditation* from the writings of tie Divines 
of the Anglican Church, with an Introduction, 
1811. His translations, he says, arose out of 
his desire to see the ancient prayers of tho 
Anglican Liturgy accompanied by hymns of 
a corresponding date of composition, and bis 
inability to find these hymns until he says, 

"My attention was a short time ago directed to 
some translations [by Isaac Williams] which appeared 
from time to time In the British JtOgasine, veiy beauti- 
fully executed, o£some hymns extracted from tbe Fart- 
tian Breviary,.wHh originals annexed. Some, Indeed, 
of the Sapphic and Alcaic and other Horatlan metres, 
seem to be of little value j bat tbe rest, of the peculiar 
hymn-metre, Dimeter Iambics, appear aodent, simple, 
striking, and devotional — In a word tn every way likely 
to answer our purpose. So Igotaoopyoftijei'arfiisti 
Breviary [113G],ssLaoD&or two other old bookn of Latin 
Hymns, especially one compiled byGeorglus Csssander, 
printed at Cologne, In the year Use, and regularly ap- 
plied myself to the work of selection and translation. 
ThereanltlsthecoUectlonI now lay before tbe public." 
Preface, H. ef the Prim. Ch., viii., fa. 

This collection is : — 

The Hymns of the Primitive Church, note first 

licted, franitated, and Arranged, oy the Rev. J. 
Chandler. London, John W. Parker, 188». These fra. 
were accompanied by tbe Latin texts. The trt. re- 
arranged, with additional trs^ original hymns by Chandler 
and a few taken from other sources, were republished 
as (1) Hie Hymns of the Chunh,mottly Primitive, Col- 
lected, Translated, and Arranged/or Puttie Use, oy the 
Bee. J, Caandler, M.A. London, JohnW. Parker, 1841. 

From these works from 30 to 40 tn. have 
come gradually into C. U., some of which hold 
a foremost place in modern hymnals, "Alleluia, 
best and sweetest ; " " Christ is onr Corner 
Stone;" ''On Jordan's bank the Baptist's 
cry;'' " Jesus, our Hope, our hearts' Desire;" 
" Now, my soul, thy voice upraising ; " " Once 
more the solemn season calls ; " and, " O Jesit, 
Lord of heavenly grace ; " being those which 
are most widely used. Although Chandler's 
trs. are somewhat free, and, in a few instances, 
doctrinal difficulties are either evaded or 
eoftened down, yet their popularity is un- 
questionably greater than the trs. of several 
others whose renderings are more massive in 
style and more literal m execution. [J. J.] 

Chapirt, Edwin HubbelL, b.d., was tlio 
most distinguished man of the Universalists 
in later yeais. In liis early days he was 
eminent as a lecturer ; and as a preacher until 
his death. He was b. in Union village, Wash- 
ington, N. Y„ Bee 29, 181*, and educated at 
Bennington, Vermont, He was successively 
pastor at Bichmond, Virginia, 1837 ; Charles- 
ton, Mass.; Boston, 1816; and from 1848, of 
the Church of the Divine Paternity, New York 
city. He d. Dec. 26, 1880. He pub. several 
works, and edited, with J, G. Adams, Hymns 
for Christian Devotion, Boston, 1846. This is 
perhaps the most prominent Universalis* Col- 
lection in the States. To it Dr. Chapin con- 
tributed the following hymns : — 

' 1. Amid surrounding gloom and waste. During a 
Storm. 

2. Father, at this altar bending. /nitaitoKon of a 
PtHtor. 

3. Father, Io, we consecrate, Opening of a Place of 
Warship. 

i. Hark! hark! with harps of gold. Christmas, 
i. O Thou who didst ordain the word. Ordfaatim< 



218 CHAPMAN, BOBEBT C. 

«. Our Father, God ! not foes to &os. Optning of a 
Plate of Worship. 

7. When long tbeeoul hosslept in chains, Charitable 
Institutions. 

Of these No. 6 is the most widely used. In 
addition Dr. Chapin is the autlior of; — 

8. Now host with host assembling, Temperance. 
This was given In Longrellow and Johnson's Ifcwfe 0/ 
Zfyirwu (Unitarian), 18«t, and from thence has passed 
into other collections. It is entitled " Triumph of Tem- 
perance." and Is well known, £F. M. B,] 

Chapman, Robert Cleaver, was b. 
Jan. 4, 1803, and lias been for more than fifty 
years a " Minister of the Gospel " at Barn- 
staple. In' 1837 he pub. :— 

Eymns for the Use of the Church of Christ. ByB.C. 
Chapman, Minister of the Gospel, Barnstaple. ISM. 
This wu reprinted In 1961. Some conies of the ISM 
edition have bound up with them An Appendix selected 
from Various Sources. By John Chapman. 

Several of these hymns vera repeated in 
tho Plymouth Brethren Hymn* for tlse Poor 
of tlie Flock, 1838 ; A Went Hymmt and Some 
Spiritual Songt, tekcted 1856 for the Little 
Flock; and in other collections. These in- 
clude ; — 

1. Go behold [and search] the tomb of Jesus. Easier, 
S. God's tender mercies follow still. Ifeawn. Com- 
posed of st. xxl. of " The Lamb of (Jon exalted reigns." 

3. Kingof gloryseton high. Ascension. 

4. My soul, amid this stormy world. Longing for 
teaven. 

5. No condemnation — my soul. Peace in Believing. 

6. OGod, Whose wondrous Nacno is Love. Resig- 
nation. 

T, The Prince of Life, once shuu for us. Advent. 

Mr. Chapman's hymns and poems number 
162, and arc mainly in use with the Plymouth 
Brethren, with whom he was a Minister. They 
are given in his Hymn* and Meditation*, Bain- 
staple, 1871. Ho d. Jane 12, 1902. [J. J.] 

Charged with the complicated load. 

[Pardon.] This cento in 3 Bt. of41. appeared 
in A. M. Toplady's P*. and ITys., 1770. Ho. 323. 
Sts. i. and ii. are probably Toplady's, whilst 
st. iii. is from C. Wesley's " Of my transgres- 
sions numberless," from hwSliorl Symm, 17G2, 
vol. ii. p. 78, slightly altered. In Spurgeon'a 
0. 0. II. Bk., 1866, Toplady's part of tho 
OOnto is altered, Wesley's reinaiDs unchanged 
as in Toplady, and another stanza is added. 
Tho original cento was omitted from the 2nd 
and later editions of Toplady. [W. T. B.] 

\apttTTt]ptov t^Srjv. St. Tlieodoreof the 
Stadium. This Canon for " Orthodoxy Sun- 
day " or " tho First Sunday in Lent is kept in 
memory, primarily, of the final triumph of the 
Church over the Iconoclasts in 642, and inci- 
dentally, of her victory over all other heresies " 
(Neale). Itfsgivenin Daniel,iii. pp. 101-109, 
in 56 stanza^ together with a noto thereon. 
Dr. Neale in bis prefatory Note to the Canon 
says : — 

"The following Canon is ascribed to St, Theodore of 
the Studlum, though fioronlus [Baronii AnnaL Ecelcs. tid 
twin, S42, Tom. iiL.p. 1033, 2i,^>. I05w,£cg.l has thought 
that It cannot be his, because it implies that peace was 
restored to the Church, whereas that hymnographcr died 
while the persecution still continued. Very possibly, 
however, it was written on the temporary victory of the 
Church, which did occur In the time of St. Theodoi e \ and 
then. In 842, may have been lengthened and adapted to 
the then state of things, perhaps by Ntiucr&tfus, the 
favourite disciple of St, Theodore.'*— JJymwa of the E. V. 
pnded, 1863, p. 113.1 



CHABLOTTE ELIZABETH 

Dr. Nettle's tr. is of a portion only of the 
Canon, including Ode i. Tropar. i. 2 ; iii. 6 ; iv. 
1, 2, 3: v. 1,3, i, 5; vi.l-ix. 2, 3, 4, 5. It is 
" A song, a song of gladness ! " Hymns of the 
Eastern Cliurch, 1862, in 11 st. of 8 1. In 
1866, at vi.-viii., jr., xi,, were included as, 
" The Lord, the Lord hath triumphed," in 
H. J. Palmer's Supplemental Hymnal ; and 
afcain, with slight alterations, in, the People's 
H„ 1867. [J. J.] 

Ch&rles,D„jun. [^eUhHyn»Mioy,§ii. 20 

Charles, Elisabeth, nee Bundle, is the 

author of numerous and very popular works 
intended to popularize the history of early 
Christian life in Great Britain; of Lather 
and bis times; of Wesley and his work; the 
struggles of English civil wars ; and kindred 
subjects as embodied in the Chronicles of the 
SehSiiberg-Ootta Family, the Diary of Kitty 
Trevelyan, Ac., was b. at Tavistock. Devon- 
shire, Her father was John Bundle-M.r., and 
her husband, Andrew Paton Charles, Barrister- 
ot-Law. Mrs. Charles has innde some valua- 
ble contributions to liymnology, including 
original hymns and translations from the 
Latin and German. These were given in 
her : — 

(1) The Voice of Christian Life ist Song J or. Hymns 
and llynn-writers of Many Lands and Ages, IBM ; 

a He Three Wakings, and other Poems, lets ; and (31 
Chronicles of the Schimberg- Catta family; (4) 
Poems, N. York, ±367. This bos some additional pieces. 

Her hymn on the Annunciation, u Age after 
age shall call tlieo [her] blessed," appeared in 
her Three WaMngt, &.C, 1859. [J. J.] 

Charles, Thomas. [WebjhHyauiody,§ii.2.] 

Charlesworth, Vernon J., was b. at 

Barking, Esses, en April 28, 1839, and edu- 
cated at Homerton College. In 186i ho bo- 
came co-pastor with tho Bev. Newman Hall at 
tho old Surrey Chapel, and in 1869 tho Head 
Master of Mr. Spurgeon's Stookwcll Orphan- 
ago. Mr. Charlesworth has pub. The Life of 
Rowland Hilt, &c, 1876, and, in co-operation 
with Mr. J. Man ton Smith, Flowers and Fruits 
of Sacred Song and Evangelistic Hymns. To 
this work bo contributed ; — 

1. As you gather round the family board. Pleafor 
Orphans. 

2. Blessed Jesus, Lord and Master. Conferences. 

3. Come, brethren, lot us sing. Praise to God. 

4. Come to Jeeus, He Invites you. Invitation* 

[,, Heart to heart by love united. Holy Matrimony. 

6. How blest in Jesus' name to meet. Praise to Jesus. 

1. Our lamps are gone out, and the daylight la j*ast. 



The jroolish Virgins. 
fil 



Walking in the 



a. Sweetest fellowship we know. 
Light. 
B. The day of the Lord la at hand. jtiZwnf, 

10, There Is a land as yet unknown, lleacen. 

11, J Tis a blessed thing while we live toeing. Praise. 

12, "When far from Thee, and heirs of woe. Grace. 

13, Ye servants of Jesus, go forth. Missions. 

Iu addition to these hymus, Mr. Charles- 
woTth contributed — 

14, I've nothing to bring Thee, Jesus. Lent. 

to Fullerton & Smith's Evangelical Echoes. 
1884, and has printed a considerable number 
as leaflets. Two of tho most recent, "As the 
eastern hills arc glowing" (Morning), and 
" Length'mmr shadows darkly falling" (Even* 
Miff), should find their way into common use. 
Mr. Cluxrlesworth's hyirms are very spirited 
and of a popular character. [J, J-2 

Charlotte Elizabeth, [tonno, o, B.] 



CHATFIELD, ALLEN W. 

Chatfield, Allen William, m.a., b, at 
Chatteris, Oct. 2nd, 1808, and educated at 
Charterhouse School and Trinity College, 
Cambridge, wliere ho was Boll's Univ. Scholar 
and Members' Prizeman. He graduated in 
1831, taking a first class in classical honours. 
Taking Holy Order* in 1832, he was from 1833 
to 18*7 View of Stotfold, Bedfordshire; and 
since 1847 Vicar of Much-Marcle, Hereford- 
shire. Mr. Chatfield has published various 
Sermon* from time to time. His Litany, &c. 
[Prayer Book] in Greek vewe is admirable, and 
Ms been commended by many eminent 
scholars. His Songs and Hymn* of Earliest 
Greek Christian Poets, Bishops, and others, 
translated into English Verse, 1876, has not 
received the attention of hymnal compilers 
which it merits. One hymn therefrom, "Lord 
Jem, think on me," is a specimen of others 
of equal merit, which might be adopted with 
advantage. Ho d. Jan. 10, 1896. [J. J.] 

Cheever, George Barrell, u,d., eminent 
in reform, philanthropy, and literature, b. at 
Hallowell, Maine, April 17, 1807, and gra- 
duated at Bowdoin College, 1825, Dr. Chcever 
was a Congregational Pastor at Salem, Mass., 
1833; New York, 1838; and the Church of 
the Puritans, N. Y., 18*6-67. He has pub- 
lished several works, and one, Deacon Giles' 
Distillery, procured him a month's imprison- 
ment, In 1835. In 1831 ho edited the Ame- 
rican Common Place Book of Poetry, and in 
1851 Christian Melodies. The latter contains 
19 hymns by htm. One of these, " Thy loving- 
kindneBB, Lord, I sing," is still in C. U. It is 
adopted in an abbreviated form of 4 st. by Dr. 
Hitchcock, in Hys. <fc Songs of Praise, N. Y., 
1874, where it is dated 18*5. [F. M. B.] 

Cherubic Hymn, The. [OreA Hym- 

nody, § x. 9.] 

Chester, Henrietta Mary, nee Goff. 

Mrs. Mary Cheater is the cldnst daughter of 
Mr. George Qoff, who d. in 1830, at Lausanne, 
where he had long resided. Mr. GolFs an- 
cestors settled in Ireland in the time of Crom- 
well, but the main branch of the family has 
been long established in Hampshire. Miss 
Qoff was married, in 1856, to Mr. Harry 
Chester, who was well known as an Assistant 
Secretary of the Committee of Council of 
Education, and ns one of tho forcmbst of the 
promoters of the extension of popular educa- 
tion, in connection with the National Society, 
the London Diocesan Board, and other institu- 
tions. Mrs. Chester, who wus left a widow in 
1868, is tho author of a small volume of 
Stories, called Meg's Primroses and of A His- 
tory of Russia, both written for and published 
bytheS.P.C.K. Her translations of Latinand 
German Hymns made for The Hymnary (and 
marked " u. m. e.") oro distinguished by the 
accurate reproduction of the original in lan- 
guage of simple poetic beauty, and have the 
genuine ring of an English Hymn. [V7m. C.] 

Children of the heavenly King. J. 

Cennieh. [Encouragement to Prttise.1 This 
is the most popular of this author's "hymns, 
irail, in an abbreviated form, it is found in a 
large proportion of the hymnals published in 
tho iinghsh language for more than 100 years. 
It appeared in his Sacred Hymns for the Chil- 



CHILDREN'S HYMNS 



219 



dren of Bod, Ac, 1742, Pt. iii., in 12 st. of 4 L 
In 1753, G. Whitefield gave 6 st. in his CoU. 
as No. 38 of Pt ii. M. Madan repeated this 
in 1760, and thus the abbreviated form came 
into use. Departures from Whitefield'a ar- 
rangement are found in several instances, but 
as the full text has been included by Dr. 
Rogers in Lyra Brit, 1867, p. 666, and can . 
bo easily consulted, they are not tabulated. 
Whitefleld's text consisted of st. i., ii., iv., v., 
vii. and viii. In Bingham's Hymtio. Christ. 
Latino, 1871, p. 123, there is a Latin render- 
ing of the text as given in Bickersteth's Chris- 
tian Psalmody, 1833, "Filii Begis supcrni, 
cantatis." [J. J.] 

Children of the pious dead. [AU 

Saint*.] An anonymous hymn in 4 st. of 8 1. 
given in Spenser March's Sabbath Scholars' 
H. Bk., 1S49. In the Appledore 8. S. H, Bh., 
6th ecL, 1853, there is a different text, where 
in the last stanza the "sires"— those who 
through faith did mighty work : Heb. xi, — aro 
they who approve the "fight of faith " below, 
whilst in liureh's book the Almighty is repre- 
sented as watching the conflict. The unity of 
thought in the Appledore hook seems to point 
it out as the original. This text is repeated in 
UieMeth.8.S.B.Bk.,im. The hymn proba- 
bly first appeared in a magazine. [W.T. B.] 

Children of Zion, know your King. 
/. Montgomery. [Appeal to the Jews.} In 
the Bap. Ps. & Has,, 1858-80, No. 764, this 
hymn is dated 1822. It is in the ». mss., but 
without date, and the earliest appearance it 
made in any of Montgomery's works, so far 
as we can trace, is his Original Hymns, 1853, 
where it Is given as in the ws. in 6 st, of 4 1. 
It is entitled, " Invitation to the Jews to ac- 
knowledge Christ." [J. J.] 

Children's Hymns. Bi giving a brief 
sketch of this subject we find ourselves at 
every step face to face with the difficulty of 
lack of materials, from the destruction, by the 
busy little fingers of earlier generations, of 
the hymn-books we would so gladly treasure. 
It was long before it dawned on the Church 
that special hymns for children were needed — 
indeed, the only ancient hymn for children, 
that of Clemens .Alexandrinus (see Creek Hym- 
nriy, § iii.), is more fitted for a youth of 
fifteen than forthc period of childhood. Never- 
theless, plenty of proof exists of the share the 
children had in the worship of the Church, eg. 
the fit. of Prudentius ; 



Te eenea, et Te juveotna, 
Parvulorum Te couore, 
Turtm tantrum, vlrglmim- 
que, 



SJmptkes pueglulae, 
Voce cuacoTties pudlcte 
Fcratrcpant eoDcehtibua 
SaccuLorum Bacculls < 



or the story of the seven boys singing the 
" Gloria, laus, et honor," before tho Emperor 
Louis, and so obtaining St. Theodulph's libe- 
ration, will at once show that though no special 
provision for children's hymns was made, yet 
the young were by no means neglected. Pro- 
bably, in a less enlightened period, the men- 
tal capacity of the less educated common people 
was about that of their children, and so the 
lack of special provision was not felt. The 
early vernacular carols and hymns do hot ap- 
peal' to have been composed for children, though 
the children then, as now,sang tliem, and the 
history of juvenile hymnody commences with 



220 



CHILDREN'S HYMNS 



the Reformation bo far as England is con- 
cerned. It easily divides itself into four pe- 
riods, each with its own special characteristic. 
(i.) 1562-1715. The period from Sternhold to 
the issue of Watts's Divine and Moral Sottas- 
(ii.) 1715-1780. The interval from Watts till 
the establishment of Sunday Schools, (iii.) 
1780-1810. The history of the Evangelical 
Sunday School movement, (iv.) 1840-1884. 
The recognition by ell parties and denomina- 
tions of the importance of early religious train- 
ing. We have bnt limited space to devote to 
each of these, and, merely pointing out the 
leading characteristics of each period and 
author, for fuller information ire shall leave 
the student to consult the biographical notices 
of the writers in other parts of this Dictionary. 

i, 1562-1713. Whether the Primers of 
Henry VIII., Edward VL, and Elizabeth were 
specially intended for youth, we can hardly 
say ; at any rate, the hymnB therein contained 
were merely translations of the old Latin 
hymns, but the Frecationes Piae of 1561, with 
its Latin hymns of EUinger, Flaminius, Bu- 
chanan and others, was evidently prepared 
for school use, and ancient hymns long lingered 
at the schools of Harrow, Eton, St. Paul's, 
and a few colleges; nor are they quite extinct 
at the present time. 

Of vernacular hymns, the 1560 edition of 
Stemhold and Hopkins mentions on the title 
that the version is : — 

" Very meet to tie used of all sorts of people privatly, 
lor their Godly solace and comfort i lalying arrarte ail 
tutgodly songes and ballades, which tend only to the 
norlsbing of vice and corrupting of youth" 

This was. retained in the complete edition of 
1562, and on most subsequent titlepages. The 
long struggle that ensui-d between Puritanism 
and Anglicanism, culminating in the Com- 
monwealth and the Reiteration, left little 
time for the cultivation of sacred poetry, and 
none for poetry for children. A hymn or two 
La Withers Hallelujah, 1611, a child's grace 
by Herrick, 1617, seem all worth naming till 
1055, when JeremyTaylor appended his "Fes- 
tival Hymns " to the Golden Grove. These, 
ho remarks, are " fitted to the fancy and devo- 
tion of the younger and pious pur-sons Apt for 
memory and to be joined to thuir other prayers. 1 * 
The idea was still that of private use, not of 
public worship ; and when about 1671 Bishop 
Ken issued his " Three hymns " for the boys 
of Winchester College it is still the same. A 
worthy Baptist, Abraham Cheere, hud in 1672 
issued a volume which contains many short 
hymns and acrostics for children whom he hod 
known, and whose names are given. A little 
later, Benjamin Keach (q.v.) printed his; — 

War wilft *fce Basil i or, tie Tvvng Kan'i Conflict 
with Vie Fowert of Doxknen, in a Dialogue XHteavering 
the Corruption and Vanity of Youth, thtkorribU Mature 
cf Sin ami deplorable Condition, <rf falltn MOn." 

This became very popular as a chapbook, and 
with its quaint woodcuts and strong Calvinism 
suited the prevailing taste. It contains a few 
hymns, and was often given as a present, the 
copies yet remaining sometimes containing 
the autographs of donor and recipient ex- 
pressed in the kindly quaint Nonconformist 
phraseology of the time. The samples of 
Ken and Taylor, of Keach and Cheere, were 
now followed by others, and two little penny 



CHILDREN'S HYMNS 

books by Bunyan and Mason for childish Use 
were issued, but no copies are known to exist 
at tho present time. Matthew Henry, in his 
Family Hymn*, 1693 (enlarged in 1702), and 
the compiler of A Col. of Pi. H. and Spiritual 
Songi, Pitted for Morning and livening Wor- 
ship in a Private Family, 1701, intended their 
books for the use of children and others, and 
one edition of Dorrington's reform of Austin's 
Devotion* annexes tunes for the hymns. The 
nonjuringBishop, George Hickes,inhis trans- 
lation of Fenelon's Imtructiont for the Educa- 
tion of a Daughter, 2nd ed., 1708, gives in the 
" Little Office for Two or more Young Ladies 
under the some Governess ; to be used at any 
time," an earlier translation of " Jean, dulois 
memoria," revised by himself, and two poems 
at the close, one of exquisite freshness and 
beauty. It is in 9 at, of 6 1. We have but 
space to quote st. 1, 2, 5, 8 and 9. 

"To Thsoboka. 



Hla sweet ripening work 
hath done. 

Think, how harsh thy na- 
ture is 

Till Heaven ripen thee for 
bliss. 

Or lest thou abouidet drop 

Like the lest that fell to- 

dayi 
StUl be ready to depart, 
Love thy Ged with all thy 

heart: 
Then thou wilt ascend on 

high 
From Time to Eternity. 

Paradise Is sweeter there 
Than the flowers and roses 

here i 
Here's a glimpse, and then 

away. 
There 'twill be for ever day, 
Where thou ever Ln Hea- 
ven's spring 
Shalt with saints and angels 
sing." 



Wonldst bo hnppyf little 

child, 
Be thou innocent end mild, 
Like the patient lamb and 

dove, 
Full of sweetness, fall of 

love- 
Modestly thy looks com- 
pose, 
Sweet and blushing like the 
rose. 

When in gardenB tbon dost 
play, 

In the pleasant flowiy May, 

And art driven by sudden 
showers: 

From the ftesa and fragrant 
flowers; 

Think, how short that plea- 
sure is 

Which the world eeteem- 
eth bliss. 

When the fruits are sour 

and green, 
Come not near them, be not 

seen 
Touching, tasting, till the 

Sua 

Tlie other stanzas are of equal merit, and the 
whole is worthy of Breton or Wither at their 
best. It is so Elizabethan in tone and colour 
that it excites suspicion whether Hiokes bad 
not met with it in MS., and was the publisher 
only, not the author. Tho other poem is not 
so good, though it contains apleasing "Hymn." 
Bnt a greahi is at the door ; these early at- 
tempts are bnt the first-fruits ; for Isaac Waits, 
whose Psalms and Hymns revolutionized Non- 
conformist hymnody, is also justly entitled to 
be called the first writer of children's hymns, 
ii. 1715-1780. The immediate cause of the 
publication in August, 1715, of Watts's Divine 
and Moral Songs for Children seems, from the 
quaint dedication, 

"To 

Mrs. &irab, \ 

Mrs. Maryland > Abncy. 

Mrs. Elizabeth > 
Daughters oJT Sir Thomas Abney,Knt.,snd Alderman of 
London," 

to have been the writer's gratitude for the kind- 
ness and attention shown him by the children's 
parents in the two preceding years during his 
long illness and convalescence ; but from the 
preface, " To all that are concerned in the 
Education of Children," we learn : — 



CHILDREN'S HYMNS 

"The greatest part of this little book was composed 
several years ago, at the request of a friend, who his 
been long engaged In the work of catechising a very 
great number of children of oil kinds, end with abun- 
dant akill and bucocss. Sotbatyouwillherellndnotbing 
Uut savours of a party. The children of high and low 
degree, of the Church of England or Dieaentere, baptized 
In Infancy or not, may all Join together in these songs." 

This would seem to indicate we owe Watts's 
efforts to a Church of England clergyman. 
Both dedication and preface are omitted from 
oil but very early editions, and will well repay 
perusal. The high note of toleration struck 
by Watts has, we are happy to say, been recog- 
nised by most compilers since, and there is 
far less of party spirit and sectarianism in the 
hymn-books for the use of children than in 
collections for those "of a larger growth,'' 
The success of the Divine and Moral Songs 
was immediate and lasting ; edition after edi- 
tion was issued, and for more than a century 
editions printed in country towns as well as in 
centres of population testified to the need felt 
and met. Many attacks have recently been 
made on the theology of these hymns, espe- 
cially with reference to future punishment, 
and to a certain extent, with justice, but Watts 
is mild compared with some contemporary 
theologians in description and assertion, and 
he evidently photographed the phase of reli- 
gious thought then existing. Since this Saw 
was not discovered for a century, when the 
work of the Divine and Moral Songs was well 
nrgh done, the objection seems uncalled for, 
and we oan all recognise the sterling practi- 
cal value of the Divine Songs : — '■ I thank the 
goodness and the grace; "Almighty God, 
thy piercing eye ; * " And now another day is 
gone ; " " This is the day when Christ arose ; " 
" Lord, how delightful Us to see ; " while of 
the Moral Songs (enlarged in a later edition) 
"Tis the voice of the sluggard," and " The 
Rose," are still remembered. TYie exquisite 
"Cradle Hymn," after the flue praise of F. T, 
Palgrave, himself a writer of children's hymns 
of high merit, needs no commendation from us. 

The popularity of Watts prevented, to 
some extent, similar attempts in the same 
direction, A broadside, however, of the reign 
of George L, is in existence which shows 
that hymns were occasionally song hy the 
children at the charity sermons on behalf of 
particular schools, and in Poems, Amorous, 
Moral and Divine, 1718,-vo Bad "The Incar- 
nation, A Carol, Sung by some children in 
Church." Such slender beginnings and rare 
exceptions are these that, except these two 
facts, we cannot point to any single mention of 
special hymns for children in public use in 
the Church of England, till the third period 
of our story. 

A curious book by John Vowler, issued at 
Exeter in 1738, has a preface by Doddridge, 
but it can hardly be called a hymn-book. 
Doddridge, however, in 1744, rendered into 
metre "The Principles of the Christian Re- 
ligion, expressed in plain and easy verse," and 
this ia admirably done. It is in 24 portions, 
and some valuable hymns might be extracted 
therefrom, though as a whole it is nnsuited 
for modern use, The xviiith portion, " On the 
Nature and Design of the Lord's Supper," 
gives an interesting glimpse of juvenile Non- 
ranformist worship and illustrates Doddridge's 



CHILDREN'S HYMNS 



221 



well-known "My God, and is Thy table 
spread? ' (q. v.). 

The memory of Christ's death is sweet, 
When saints around the table meet; 
And brealc the bread, and pour the wine, 
Obedient to His word divine. 
While they toe bread and wine receive, 
(It on their Saviour they believe,) 
They feast, a* on His flesh and blood. 
Cordial divine, and heavenly food ! 
Their covenant thus with Sod renew, 
And love to every Christian ahew. 
Well may their souls Tejoice and thrive ; 
Oh j may the blessed hour arrive 
When, ripe in knowledge and in grace, 
I at that boari shall find a place ! 
And now what there His people do, 
I would at humble distance view ; 
Would look to Christ with grateful heart, 
And in their pleasures take my part ; 
Resolved while such a sight 1 see, 
To live to Him who died for me. 

From tliis, the non-communicating attendance 
of children was evidently approved by the 
writer, and the chastened devotion of the lines 
is eminently calculated for the purpose in- 
tended. Stormier times in the religious world 
were at hand, and the calm of Watts and Dod- 
dridge would not satisfy C. Wesley or J. Con- 
nick, and to each of these we must give some 
attention. Oennick having joined the Mora- 
vians, issued at Dublin, in 1754, his Hymns 
for Children, in 2 vols. The work is of exces- 
sive rarity, the copy in the Fulneck Library 
being probably unique. It has never been pro- 
perly examined by hymnologists, but later 
Moravian collections, notably that of 1789, 
take many hymns from this source. The 
specimens we have seen ore tender, simple, 
and very mystical, but with little poetical 
beauty, full of Moravian tenets and fancies, 
but, as Pope sayB of Beaumont, " a man who 
has the art of stealing wisely " would find 
Cennick suggestive and worthy of attention. 
The best in the Moravian H, Bk,, 1789, are :— 
No. 022, " O Thou before whoso Father's 
face," a prayer for the ministry of Angels, 
and two funeral hymns, Nos. 623 and 621, 
"Happy the children who are gone," and 
"How sweet the child rests," The second, 
No. 623, was long popular, but has been mur- 
dered by alteration, as in Dr. Alton's ChiU 
dren's Worship, No. 45a When, in 1763, C. 
Wesley published his Hymns for Children, he 
had already written many for the young which 
were scattered through other works. A second 
ed. of those hymns appeared in 1767 with the 
words And Others of Riper Years added to the 
title. The work was never very popular, and 
with the exception of "Gentle Jesus, meek 
and mild," has hardly a hymn in it known to 
modern collections outside the Wesleyan body. 
John Wesley, in a Preface dated March 27th, 
1790, gives the clue to this, and bb Ms words 
well illustrate our subject, we quote them : — 

" There are two ways of writing or speaking to chil- 
dren: the one is, to let ourselves down to them; the 
other, to lift them up to us. Dr. Watte has wrote in 
the former way, and has succeeded admirably well, 
speaadng to children as children, and leaving them as ho 
found them. The following hymns are written on the 
other plan; they contain strong and manly sense, yet 
expressed in such plain and easy language, as even chil- 
dren may understand. But when they do undeistand 
them, they will be children no longer, only in years and 
Btature." 

When these words were written the day had 
already dawned when collections, not separate 



222 



CHILDREN'S HYMNS 



books by one author, should contain hymns 
on both plans, and be issued with richer pro- 
vision for the needs and wants of tho rising 
generations. 

iii. 1780-1840. The establishment of Sun- 
day Schools in different parts of the country 
immediately resulted in people finding Watts 
hardly sufficient, and consequently collections 
wero made and fresh hymns written. It being 
impossible to enumerate the whole of these 
collections and hymns, wo must restrict our* 
Belvestothe more important. RobertHawker 
the Commentator's Psalms and Hymns Surg 
by the Children of the Sunday Scliool, in Hie 
Parish Church of Charles, Plymouth* at the 
Sabbath Evening Lecture, passed through 13 
editions at least, and was probably issued after 
1787, when the Charles Sunday School was 
established, as it borrows from liippon, whose 
earliest date is 1787. Of the 104 hymns it 
contains, 44 are from Watts, and 85 from tho 
Olney Hymns. 2 (one a revision from Hurt) 
are apparently Dr. Hawker's, the rest by 
various authors. In 1790 Rowland Hill issued 
his Divine Hymns attempted in easy language 
for Children, which conlaiuid 44 hymns. 
This was revised by Cowpcr before publica- 
tion, and was intended for the " Southward 
Sunday School Society," In 1808, a collection 
by Rowland Hill of 208 hyinnB was issued, 
and enlarged in 1819. The preface says that 
the Southward Sunday School Society, like the 
parent Society, adopted 

"A truly catholic and enlarged plan, so (hat the chil- 
dren educated by them Are conducted to such places of 
wonhtp, always where Evangelical trutlu* are pmtclicd, 
but passing an equal portion of their Sabbath day's 
attendance in sucb congregations, whctticr Church or 
Chapel, ua use or omit the liturgy of the E&tabMshcd 
Church." 

He did not, however, reprint all tho hymns 
of his own book of 1790, omitting, inter alia,, 
" a hymn for a child that has ungodly parents," 
which might have caused scandal. Nor should 
we omit to mention the great philanthropist 
Jonas Hauway's hook. In his sumptuous 
folio, Proposals for Establishing County Naval 
Fret Schools, 1788, are embedded 16 hymns 
and 21 psalms. In 1793 tho Moravians issued 
a small collection chiefly from their 1789 book. 
In 1800 appeared H. for the Use of the Sunday 
Schools in Manchester. This is decidedly 
superior in fitness and taste to anything 
previous to that date. In the same year a 
small collection was issued nt Chatham. To 
the Nottingham Collection, a few years Inter, 
John Burton, sen., contributed his hymns; 
and the Bristol book of 1812 was uno of the 
earliest to give tho names of the authors. 
Meanwhile the Methodists had not been idle. 
They had recognized the need of new hymns, 
and Robert Can; Brackenbury and Benjamin 
Rhodes wrote some pleasing hymns for young 
Wesleyans. Joseph Benson, tho biographer of 
John Fletcher, issued, in 18(H), a collection from 
these sources and others, and this became, 
until 1825, the standard Wesleyan book. 

The publication in 1810 of Ann and June 
Taylor's classic Hymns for Infant Minds 
rendered previous collections incomplete, and 
the Original H. for Sunday Schools, and 
other books by Mrs, Gilbert (Ann Taylor) 
also tended in the same direction, 



CHILDREN'S HYMNS. 

Two new factors in our history now ap- 
pear; the issue of magazines for children 
(The Youth's Magazine commenced in 1805) 
and .the formation of tho Sunday School 
Union. Tho one brought many fresh hymns 
as contributions to its pages; tho other pro- 
vided an authorised hymn-book for Sunday 
Schools, and so chocked the supply. In gene- 
ral collections, too, the entry in the list of 
subjects "For tho Young" now begins to ap- 
pear ; but from that day to this in all collec- 
tions the proportion allotted to children is 
most inadequate. The 2nd ed. of the Sunday 
Scliool Union Hymn Book/or Scholars is dated 
1816, the 3rd of that for Teachers 1821. These 
continued in use till 1840, when they were 
enlarged. Many hymns were issued for an- 
niversary services on fly-sheets, notably thoso 
of Montgomery for tho Sheffield Whitsuntide 
gathering, and somo of Montgomery's highest 
successes have been won in this field. 

To the Child's Companion, established in 
1824, John Barton ,i un., sent his hymns ; to tho 
Children's Friend, Dorothy AnnThrupp, under 
the signature of Iota, and H. F. Lyte, con- 
tributed; while in the Protestant Dissenter's 
Juvenile Magazine, 1838, &c, appeared T. R, 
Taylor's too few" and gem-like lyrics. J, 
Cawood wroto somo for his own parish, speci- 
mens of which are in the Lyra Britannica, 
1868, and in Dr. Rogers's Child's Hymnal, k.d., 
but some of tho most beautiful of his produc- 
tions, now before us in MB. remain unedited. 
The issue, in 1833, of John Peel Clapham'a 
Leeds S.&U. Bk. is noteworthy. It has been 
repeatedly revised, and contains good work, 

iv. 1841-1884. More need now began to be 
felt among Churchmen and Nonconformists of 
something different from the narrow Cal- 
vinism of earlier days, and as the Tractarian 
movement gained ground, if Tractarian chil- 
dren were to sing hymns at all, new ones hail 
to be written ; for, to express the formulas of 
the new school, there were no English hymns 
to bo had. The first noteworthy attempt was 
Mrs. F. M. Yonge's Child's Christian Year, 
1841. Keble wrote the preface and contributed 
two new hymns, but the bulk of tho book is 
from J. A nation, Isaac Williams's Pari* Breviary 
Hymns, and J, H, Newman from the Lyra 
Apottolica, It was several times reprinted, 
but is more fitted for the children of the edu- 
cated classes than for the poor. I, Williams 
himself issued in 1842 his Ancient Hymns for 
Children,^ selection from his book of lbS9, 
slightly altered ; and his Hymns on the Cole- 
cfti'sw, a valuable little work, must also be men- 
tioned. But in the same year, and with more 
success, Dr. Noale pub. tho 1st series of h,ia 
Hymns for Children, a 2nd following in 1844, 
and a third in 1846. These became really popu- 
lar, and some may bo found in C. U., alike in 
England and America, at the present time. 
Still a need was felt for something more simple, 
and in 1848 Mrs, Cecil Frances Alexander 
pub, her Hymns for Little Children. Charm- 
ingly simple and tender, clear in dogma, and 
of poetical beauty, combining the plainness of 
Watts with tho feeling for and with childhood 
of the Taylor sisters, and uniting with both 
the liturgical associations of the English 
Prayer Book, ihey remain uncquiilled and un- 
approachable. " Every morning the red sun," 



CHILDREN'S HYMNS 

"Onco in royal David's city," "There is a 
green hill far away," will at once occur as 
instances in point. They have reached nearly 
a hundred editions. Subsequent efforts by 
Mrs, Alexander have not been so successful, 
her Narrative Hymns, Moral Bangs, Poems on 
the Old Testament(2 series), containing nothing 
worthy of note j but her " We are out little 
children weak," contributed to Dr. Hook's 
Church School Hymn Book, 1834), strikes a 
higher key, and in the S. P. O. K. Ft. & 
Hys., 1852, "The roseate hues of early 
dawn ; " " Jesus calls us, o'er the tumult, 
are very good, though not specially adapted 
for tho young. Miss Wiglesworth's attempts 
in the same field are noticeable, and in 
Helen Taylor's Sabbath Bell*, jt.d., and Mis- 
sionary Hymns, 1846, will be found good 
hymns, proving that not in one school of 
thought mertly was the gift of combined sim- 
plicity and beauty to bo found. To this same 
period belong Miss Leeson, Mis. Herbert Mayo, 
and Miss D. A. Thrupp. To Mrs. Mayo's 
Uymru& Poems, 1819, Miss Thrupp contributed 
some of her best hymns. Tho enthusiasm of 
the Rev. John Curwon, and the introduction 
of the Touie Sol-fa System in many Noncon- 
formist schools, led to the production of his 
Ghila"* Own Hymn Book, very deservedlypopu- 
lar. Originally issued in 1810, as Sacred 
Songs, another selection as Hymn* and Cftaunts 
appeared in 1814 ; two years later they wore 
combined as The Child 1 * Own Hymn Book. It 
was subsequently enlarged, ana in 1865 con- 
tained 169nymns; but in 1874 the entire book 
was recast under the title of The New Child's 
Own Hymn Book. Biographical notes on this 
hare been pub. by the editor's son. From 
1850 onwards a constant stream of collections 
has passed through the press, of which we can 
notice but the moat important The Church 
of England Sandav School Institute revised 
their earlier book iu 1868 under the editor- 
ship of a Committee, the work falling chiefly 
on Mr. George Warington, but the book was 
abandoned in 1879 for omo more modem in 
tone. A little bonk of Children's Hymns and 
School Prayers was issued by the S. P. C. K. 
Compilers of Church Hymns, and in 1881 Mrs. 
Carey Brock issued The Children's Hymnbook, 
which passed under the revision of Bishops 
How and Oxendon and the Rev. John Ellor- 
ton. It has at once taken the leading place 
among Church books, and contains not only 
the best hymns hitherto published, but new 
hymns, some of which are of equal value. 
Among other Church collections wo may name 
tho Rev. J. C. Miller's, n. d. ; the Hymns and 
Carols, ed, by W. 0. Dix, 1869 ; Hymns and 
Carols for the Children of the Church, 1876; 
and H. for the Children of the Church, 1878. 
The last contained new cempositious by Mrs. 
0. F. Hemamnn and Mrs. E. H, Mitchell, 
which will win their way, Tho Wealeyans in 
1870 revised their preceding book of lt>26-35, 
and with some success, but a new revision waB 
called for iu 1879, and tho result was the 
Methodist Sunday: School Hymnbook, contain- 
ing 589 hymns. This, in our judgment, ranks 
first in merit of any collection for children yet 
made, and is approached only by Mrs. Carey 
Brock and the Rev. G. S. Barrett. Among 
the CongregatlonalUts several books of im- 



CHOPE, RICHARD R. 



223 



portaneo appeared from time to time. Rubier's 
H. A Sacred Songs, 1855; Major's Book of 
Praise for Homed School, 1869 ; Allon's Chil- 
dren's Worship, 1878; and the present autho- 
rised selection, the Rev, Q. S. Barrett's Book 
of Praise for Children, 1881, an enlargement 
of the Rev. W. G. Herder's book under the 
same title, issued in 1875, Less has been done 
among the Baptists, the only book of high 
merit being the Rev, W. R Stevenson's School 
Hymnal, 1880. Tho English Presbyterians 
have Psalms & Hymns for Children's Worship, 
in addition to 61 hymns for the yoang in their 
Clivrch Praise, 1882. In Scotland, which has 
done little in the way of original comjiositions 
in this lino, we may name Rev. James Sonar's 
School Worship, 1678, and the United Presby- 
terian Hymnal for the Young, 1883. Among tho 
" Friends " tho School & Mission Hymn Booh, 
1873, is well edited, Tho Roman Church has 
only one book vrorth naming in this cornice* 
tion, the Rev, Henry Formby's Catholic Songs. 
This, issued partially about 1853, lias been 
revised, and is now issued in two parts as tlio 
Junior School Song Book and the Senior 
School Song Book. It is of higher calibre 
than we generally find iu hymnals of tho 
Roman Catholic communion. 

It only remains to notice the miscellaneous 
books not yet mentioned. Tho Sunday School 
Union issued their Songs of Gladness in 1871, 
containing originals by Miss Doudney, W. P. 
Balfera, and others, and this has been subse- 
quently enlarged. Their latest publication 
is The Voice of Praise, 1886. It contains GOO 
hymns, and is a meritorious work. The issue 
in America of hymns of a revival type has been 
followed by the reprint, on this sido the Atlantic, 
of many of this school, but they can scarcely 
win a lasting popularity, and belong rather to 
American hymnody. Dr. Rogers issued his 
pictorial Chud'e Hymnal, s. v., which contains 
some hymns not elsewhere accessible. In 
closing this survey we specially name Dr. W. 
Fleming Stevenson's H.for Ch. & Home, 1873, 
containing 100 hymns for children, The bio- 
graphical index and the notes to the hymns 
are the best attempt hitherto made to collect 
facts as to children's hymns, Mr, Curwen's 
Biographical Notes already alluded to being 
its only rival. [W. T. B.] 

Chops, Richard Robert, m.a., b. Sept. 
21, 1830, educated at Exeter College, Oxford, 
B.A., 1855, and took Holy Orders as Curate 
of Stapleton, 1856. During his residence at 
Stapleton the necessities of the Choir led him 
to plan his Congregational Hymn and Tune 
Book, pub. in 1857. In 1858 ho took the 
Curacy of Sherborne, Dorset ; in tho follow- 
ing year that of Upton Scudamore, whore 
he undertook the training of the Chorus of 
tho Warminster district for the first Choral 
Festival in Salisbury Cathedral ; and in 1861 
that of Brcmpton. Tho enlarged ed of The 
Congregational Hymn Book was pub. 1862, 
and The Canticles, Psalter, dte., of the Prayer 
Book, Noted and Pointed, during the same 
year. In 18G5 he was preferred to the parish 
of St. Augustine's, Queen's Gate, South Ken- 
sington, and subsequently pub. Carols for Use 
in Church during Christmas and Epiphany, 
1875; Carols for Hosier and Other Tides, 1887; 



224 



X0P03 I2PAEA 



CHRIST IS THE 



ami other works. Mr. Chope hut been one 
ot the loaders in the revival and reform of 
Church Music as adapted to the Public Ser- 
vices. He was one of the originators of The 
Choir and Musical Record, and was for some 
time the proprietor and assistant editor of the 
Literary Churchman, [J. J.] 

Xopo; 'ItrpowjX. St. Cotmas. [Trans- 
figuration.'] This Canon of the Ascension is 
found in the Greek Service Book Office for 
that Festival, Aug. 6, and in Anth. Graeea, 
p. 176. It dates from the early part of the 
8th cent., and in common with all festival 
Canons it consists of 8 odes, the 2nd ode 
being omitted (see Greek Hymnody, § xvi. 10). 
The only tr. into English is a cento princi- 
pally from the first four odes, beginning as 
above and rendered " The choirs of ransomed 
Israel" by Dr. Neale in hie Hys. of the 
Eastern Church, 1862, p. 84. It is thus de- 
rived: st. L from ode i.; st ii., iii. from 
odo iii. ; st. iv. from ode iv. ; st. v. from ode 
v. St vi. is Dr. Neale'a own, is a refer- 
ence to the heavenly glory, and quite in the 
modern manner. It is introduced as a climax, 
but is not in the original, as that does not 
feel this need. From this tr. the following 
centos have been taken : People's H., st- L, ii., 
vi.; S. P. C. K. Ps. & Hys., st. i., iv.-vi.; 
Palmer's Supp. Hymnal, 1866, si ]., iii., iv., 
vi., and "In days of old on Sinai," being st. 
iv.-vi in H. A. &X^ 1868 and 1875. [J. J.] 

Chorus novae Hierusalem. St. Fulherl 
of Chartres. [Easter.'] As St. Fulbert it. ch*. 
1029, this hymn dates from about the begin- 
ning of the 11th cent. It is found in an 11th 
cent. us. in the Brit. JKiw. fVesp. D. xii. f. 72 b), 
and from this is printed in the Latin Hys. 
of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 1851, p. 159. It 
is also in an Ilth cent MS. at St Gall (No. 
387). Its English use was extensive. It is 
given in the Sarum Brev. as the hymn at first 
Vespers of the Octave of Easter, and so for 
all Sundays to the Feast of the Ascension 
(Hymn. Sarisb., 1851, pp. 90, 91); in York, 
the some, with the addition, "When the 
Sunday Office is said "; in St. AJban't through 
Easter week at Terce. It is also in toe 
Aberdeen Brev. 

The text is also in tbo following workB : Daniel, 1., 
No. 191, tv. p. 180, with various readings; Mima, So. 
1S2; Card. Newman's Hynni Eccl., 1833 and 1BSS. 
Bigge's Asmototetl B. A. & Jf., 1861, p. izs, and others. 

The second stanza, " Quo Christns invictus 
Leo" (in H, A. <£ X., "Far Judah's Lion 
bursts His chains "), is based upon a mediaeval 
belief, thus preserved in the words of Hugh 
of St Victor, « Quum leaetia parit, suos catufoa 
mortuos parit, et it* oustodit tribus diebus, 
donee veniens pater corum exlialet ut vivifi- 
eentur. Sio Omnipotens Pater Filium suura 
tertia die suscitavit a mortals." [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Te choirs of Hew Jerusalem, Tour aTveeteit 
notes employ. By R. Campbell, from the Sarum 
Brev., written fur and 1st pub. in his IIi/s. and 
Anthems, &c (St. Andrew's), 1850, pp. 75-6, in 
6 et* of 4 1. In 1858 it was included, with a 
alight alteration in et. ii., 1. 3, and the omission 
of st. vi, in the Scottish Episco. Colt., Ho. 77. 
This was partly rewritten, and a doxology was. 



added thereto by the compilers of II. A. $ If., 
and given in their "trial copy," 1859, No. 78, 
and then in their 1st ed, 1861, This is the form 
of the hymn which is in most extensive use. In 
Mr. Shipley's Annua Scmctus, Campbell's text is 
given from his MS. 

1. TJwtt Hew Jerusalem on high. By J. M. 
Neale, from the Sarum Brev., given in his Medi- 
aeval Hys., 1851. In revising it for the Hymnal 
N., 1854, Dr. Neale rendered it, " Ye choirs of 
New Jerusalem, To sweet new strains," &c. This 
was repeated in his Mediaeval Hys., 2nd ed. 1883, 
with st. ii. rewritten, and is the form of the 
hymn in C. U. 

3, Wake, choir of oar Jerusalem. By J. A. John- 
ston, in the English Hymnal, 2nd ed. 1856, and 
repeated in the 3rd ed., 1661. 

4, choir of Hew Jerusalem. By E. F, Little- 
dale, from the Sarvm Brev., written for and 1st 
pub. in the People's H. t 1867, and signed " D. L." 

6, Te chairs of Hew Jerusalem, Tour sweetest 
praise* tains;. By R. C. Singleton, written in 
1867, and pub. in his Anglican H. Bh., 1888, 

Translations not in 0. M. i— 

1. Ye choirs of New Jerusalem, Begin, Jfcc. J. D. 
Chambers, 1., ise7. 

2. Quire of the New Jerusalem. IT. J. Blew, 18S1-S5. 

3. Tbo choir of New Jerusalem, J, tfeWe, 1SBT-SS. 

4. Sing, Hew Jerusalem. J. IF. Hevxtt, 18SS, 

5. Jerusalem, tliy song be new. Lord Braye. In Mr, 
Shipley's Annul Sanctuj, 1884. [J, J,] 

Christ from the dead is raised. JTCite 
and Brady. [Eatter,] A rhymed version of 
1 Cor. xv. 20, the 3rd anthem appointed for 
Easter Day in the Book of Common Prayer. 
It is found in the Supp. to the New Version, 
for details of which see Bug, Fstlteri, § ziii^ 
and Hew Version. 

Christ le risen ! Christ Is risen ! He 
hath burst, tea. A. T. Chtrney. [JSnsfer.] 
1st pub. in his collection A Boolt of Praise, 
&a, 186% No. 119, in 3 st of 12 1. It is in 
C. U. in three forms : — 

1. The original, which Is seldom found outside tbo 
author's CeU. 

2. Tbeteita6lnCfltircs.ffy»HH,18;n,lIo.l32, Into* 
Chttrch rami of Feb. 19, 181B, the author denounces 
this arrangement, whilst in the folio ed. of Church 
Hymns, 1881, Mr. Ellerton (one of the editors) allows 
that >> The variations In this hymn amount to an almost 
complete recasting of It. The floe conception of the 
hymn -woe grievously mamd by faulty execution, and 
sfneeTe thanks are due to the author lor permitting his 
original to be so daringly manipulated " (p. xlii.). This 
text has been Introduced Into American use through the 
CTwirca FmiK Blc., N. V., 1882, 

3. The test us in if. jl. * M., 1STB, So. 138. Against 
this also the author complains In the same letter to the 
CTiurtA Times. It also has been Introduced into Ameri- 
can C. U- It was given In Iswda Domini, N. Y., 1884. 

[J. J.] 

Christ is risen, the Lord is come, 
H. H. M&man [Foster.] This Easter hymn 
was given in the author's 8el. of Pi. and Hys., 
&c., 1837, No. 2, for Easter, in 3 st of 8 1., in 
bis Poems. 1839, vol. ii, p. 342; and again 
in the llth ed. of Heber's Hymn*, 1842, p. 115, 
divided into G at. of 4 1. Amongst modern 
hymnals it is found in Kennedy, 1863, No. 702, 
with slight alterations, and tho addition of 
the refrain " Alleluia I " It is also in the Coll. 
for Harrow School Chapel, and others. [J. J.] 

Christ is the Foundation of the 
house we raise. J. 8. B. Monsell. [Founda- 
tion Stone of a Church.] Written for tlio 
laying of the Foundation Stone of St, Mary 



CHBIST 1ST EBSTANDKN 

Magdalene, Paddinghm, in 1865, and pub. 
with em account of the ceremony in the Ckurek 
Times. In 1863 it was included in Dr. Mon- 
sell's Hys. of Love and Prnite, 2nd ed., pp. 
130-40, in 12 at. of 8 1., and repeated in his 
Litany Hymn*, 1870, and his Parish Hymnal, 
1873, No. 200. In CUvrcli Hymns, No. 307, it 
is abbreviated from tbe original Authorised 
text, Parish H. [J. J] 

Christ 1st enrtanden, Ton der Marter 

alle, [jEosfer.] One of the earliest of Ger- 
man hymns, this is fonnd in various forma as 
early as tbe 12th cent., and four of these are 
given by Waekemagel, ii. pp. 43-44. It was 
sometimes used alone, sometimes as part of 
the liturgical services at Easter, as at the 
lighting of the lamps, and sometimes woven 
into the early Passion plays (compare its use 
by Goethe in Faust, pt. i). Waekemagel, ii. 
pp. 726^732, gives also seventeen versions 
from tbe 15th cent. The versions vary in 
length from 5 1. to 11 it of 4 1. (Cf. Hoff- 
mann von Fallersleben's OetchitMe des Beut- 
sehen Kirehenliedes, Hannover, 1881, pp. 63, 
178, 181, 187, 202, &c) Two have been tr. 
into English. 

1. WacAcrnagel, ii., No, 035, in 3 St., from the 
GeisWche Zkdcr, Erfurt, 1531 (previously in 
Klug's G. B., Wittenberg, 1529), and thence in 
V. Babst's G. B., 1545, and most succeeding 
hymn-books, and recently as No. 126 in the 
Un». L. S„ 1851. This form Luther held in 
such esteem that of it he said, " After a time one 
tires of singing all other hymns, but the ' Christ 
ist erstanden ' one can always sing again." The 
only tr. in C. If. is : — 

Hew is Christ risen, by A. T, Russell, in his 
Ps. $ Hys^ 1851, Appendix, No. 2. 

Other ton. are ; — 

(l) "Christ is now ryeen agnyne," by Bp. Coverdsle, 
1538 (Raaaint, 1B4S, p. M3). (2) " The Lord is risen, 
and gone before," by Jfia fry, 134S, p. in. 

ii. Wachernagel, ii., No. 39, from a Munich 
lis. of the 15th cent. In 91. Tr. as:— 

" Christ the Lord Is risen, Out of," by Ifia Winkaorth, 
less, p. 37. [J, M.] 

Christ lag in Todeabandan. IS. Luther. 

[.Baster.] 1st pub, in Eyn Enchiridion, Er- 
furt, 1524, entitled "The hymn, 'Christ ist 
cretanden,' improved." Thence in Wackernaget, 
iii. p. 12, in 7 st. of 7 1., and tho same in 
Sohiroks's ed. of Luther's Geistl. Lieder, 1854, 
p. 20, anil in tho Unv. L. S., 1851, No. 127. 
Only slight traces of the " Clirist ist crstftu- 
den (q. v.) are retained in Luther's hymn 
Sts. iv., v., die based on the sequence " Vie- 
timaa paschali laudes " (q. v.), and one or two 
expressions may bavo born suggested by the 
"Surrexit Christus hodie " (q. v.). These Ger- 
man and Latin hymns, with the Scriptural 
notices of the Pussover Lamb, furnished Luther 
with the matoriitls of this houutiful poem, but 
the working out is entirely original, and the 
result a hymn second only to b» unequalled 
"Ein' teste Burg" (q. v.) 

Translations in C.U. : — 

1. Ohrist in the bands of death wu laid, a good 
tr., omitting st. vii.,by A. T. Russell, as No, 104 
in his Pi. # Hys., 1851. 

t, Ohrist lay awhile in Death's strong; bands, a 
full and good tr. by R Massie in his M. Luther's 



CHRIST, OF ALL MY 225 

Spir. Sings, 1854, p. 16. In full and unaltered as 
No, 104 in the ed., 1857, of Mercer's C. P. $ 
M.BA.(Ox.eA.,18M,ito. 197). St. i., vi., vii. 
unaltered, with st, jv. 11. 1-4, and iii. II. 5-7, 
united as st. ii., were included, as No. 129, in 
ChTirchBy$.,lS7l. St. L, iv., vi., vii., al tered and 
beginning "Christ Jesus lay in Death's strong 
hands," appear as No. 192 in Taring's Coll., 1883. 

S. In the bends of death He lay, Who, a full 
and good tr., but not in the original metre, by 
Miss Wink worth in her Lyra Ger., 1st Series, 
1855, p. 87. Slightly altered, and omitting st. 
ii., as No. 714 in the Wes. H. Bk., 1875. In 
full, but altered, inSchalfs Christ in Song, 1869, 
p. 261. The version beginning " In death's 
strong bands Christ Jesus lay," No. 749 in J. L, 
Porter's Coll., 1876, is st. L, iv., vi., vii., mainly 
from the Lyra Gcr., but partly from tbe C. B. 
for England, with two lines from Mr. Mnssie. 

4, Tares days in Death's Strom grasp Be lay, a 
good tr. of st. i., iv.-vi., based on Mr. Mnssie, 
as No. 87 in Pott's Coll., 1861. 

t. In Berth's strong; grasp the Saviour lay, Vac 
our, n good tr., omitting st. v., vi., by Jiiss Vf ink- 
worth in her C. B. for Enjlan I, 18(53. 

fl. Jesus in bends of Death had lain, a tr. of st. 
i., iv., vi., by Miss Borthwick, contributed as No. 
79 to Dr. r.igenstecher's Coll., 1864, aud in- 
cluded in her H. L. L„ ed. 1884, p. 259. 

7, In Death's strong; grasp the Saviour lay, for 
our oftences. Of No, 84 in the Ohio L\tth. Hymnal, 
1880, st. i., ii., iit., 11. 1-4 are from Miss Wink- 
worth's tr., and the rest are mninl} F from Mr, 
Massie. 

Tra. not in 0. IF. : — 

(1) "Christ dyed and suffrcd (Treat payne,'* by Bp. 
Corerdale, 1539 (Rtmaini, 1K4E, p. 6*3). (2) "Clirist 
woe to Itosth abased, " by J. <:. JtuoM, 1123, p. 21 (1132, 
p. 3H, altered), repeated us N". 255,,iii pt. i. of thu Mo- 
ravian II. Bk., lis*, and cotititined in Later cds., altered, 
11«9, to "Christ Jestis was to death ahss'd." (3) " Once 
in the band* cf death the Saviour Jay," by Mitt Fry, 
1445, p. 65- (4) " The ransom of our simls to pay," by 
/, Anderton, 1H4S, p. 14 (1H47, p. 39). (s) "Jesus was 
for sinners slain," by Dr. J. Hunt, 1H53, p. 44. (ft) "In 
Death's dark prison Jean* Lny," liy Dr. II. MiUt, 1S56, 
p.ill. (7) "Christ,tuoLord,in<leatli-bond.iluy." byJVttt 
irarnur, 186S (1861, p. 432). (*) " Death held our Lord 
in prison," by Dr. G . Macaimald in the Sunday Maga* 
tine, 1.B6T, p. 33i r and altered in his JSxoticn, ihts. p. 52. 
(s) "In tbe bands of Death Cbrist lay, l*risonqr, d ' fee., in 
S. Qarratl's Hut. ami Tri., lusr, p. IS. (lu) "In tlie 
bands of Death He lay, Christ," Ac., in tho Ch.ef Eng. 
Magcaivt, 18t2, p. IBS. (11) "Clirist was laid Inksithe 
strong band-f," in Dr. Bacon, 1HS4, p. 22, based on Mr, 
Massie. [J. M.] 

Christ, my bidden Life, appear. C. 

Wesley. [Cltritt the JVopfte&j 1st pub. in 
Hys. and S. Foemt, 1742, p. 2QQ, in 6 st. of 
8 1., us the second hymn rm " Waiting for 
Christ the Prophet " {P. Works. 1 868-72, vol. ii. 
p. 262). In 1780 J. Wesley compile d a cento 
therefrom, consisting of at. ii -vi., and included 
it in tbe Wei. H. Bk., No. 318, as :— " Open, 
Lord, my inward car." In Kennedy, 18li3, 
No. 1196, is the snine cento, slightly altered, 
as : — " (Jpen, Lord, mine inward tar," [J. J.j 

Cbrist, of all my topes the ground. 
B. Wardlaw. [Christ AU, and in olt] Thii 
hymn appeared in tlieStiMt- which ho appended 
to the 5th ed. of liie Sel. of Hymnt\iie. (let ed., 
1803), in 1817, No. 4B8, in two p.irU, the 2nd 
part begin ii ing, " When with wasting sickness 
worn." Pt. i. is in 6 at., and Pt. ii. in 7 at, of 
4 1, Both parts have heen adopted in G. 
Britain and America. In the ktter, however, 



226 CHRIST OUB PASSOVEE 

Hie most popular form of the hymn is n cento 
composed of st. i., vt., x.-xiii., as in Dr. Hat- 
field's Church H. Bit., N.Y., 1872, No. 896 ; or 
the same cento reduced to 4 st. of 4 ]., as in 
eoveral collections. [J. J.] 

Christ our Passover for ub. C. Wesley. 
[Holy Communion.'] Pub. in Hymns on the 
Lord's Supper, 1745, No, 84, in 4 et, of 8 1. ; 
and again in P. Works, 1808-72, vol. iii. 
p. 275. In tho Wes. II. Bk. of 1875, No. 905 :— 
*' Jesus, Master of the FcaBt," is composed of 
at iii., iv. of this hymn. It U curious to note 
that these same stanzas were introduced into 
the hymnals of the Church of England by Top- 
lady throughhia Pa. and JIijs. in 1776. [J. J.] 

Christ [our] the Lord, is risen to- 
day, Sons of men, &c. 0. Wedey. 
[Easter.'] This is one of tho most popular and 
widely used of C. Wesley's hymns. It ap- 
peared in tlio Hys. and S. Poems, 1739, in 
11 st. of 41., with the bonding "Hymn for 
Easter." In his Ps. and Hys., 1760, No. 32, 
M. Madan introduced some alterations, and 
omitted st. vii.-ix., thereby forming a hymn of 
8 st. It is from this form of tho hymn that 
all subsequent arrangements of tho text hare 
boon made. It is curious that although it 
was in several collections of tho Church of 
England in 1780, yet J. Wesley omitted it 
from tho Wes, II. Bk,, which ho compiled and 
published during that year, and it was not 
until the issue of the Stipp. to that collection 
in 1830, that it appeared therein in any form, 
and then the alteration of st. iv., 1. 3, "Dying 
onco, He all doth save," to " Once He died our 
souls to save," was adopted from Madan. Its 
use is extensive in all English-speaking coun- 
tries. Tho reading, " Christ, our Loid," &c, 
dates from Cotterill's Sel, 1810 (P. WorJcs, 
1868-72, vol. i. p. 185). [J. J.] 

Christ the true anointed Seer. C. 

Wesley. [Christ the Propliet.] From his Scrip- 
ture Mytmts, which were left in MS. at Ins 
death. In the Arminian Magazine for May, 
1789, J. Wesley announced his intention of 
publishing these hymns. That publication, 
however, was restricted to a few which were 
given in the magnzine from time to time. 
The us, was embodied in the P. Works of J. 
and C. Wesley, 1868-72, vol. x., "Hymns on 
the Four Gospels," &e. This hymn was given 
in tho Sapp, of the Wee. II. Bk., 1830, and is 
retained in revised ed. of 1875. [J. J,] 

Christ, Whose glory fills the skies, 
Christ the true, &o. C. Wesley. VMorn- 
ingA 1st pub, in J. and C. Wesleyls Hys. and 
S. Poems, 1740, p. 01, in 3 st. of 6 1., and en- 
titled "AMorningHymn" (P. lForfca,166&-72, 
vol. i. o. 224). In 1776, A. M. Toplady in- 
cluded it, unaltered, in his Ps. anil Hys., No. 
29G, and for many years it was quoted as his 
production. Montgomery, however, corrected 
the error in his Christian Psalmist in 1825. 
Its extensive use in the Church of England, 
and by Nonconformists, is due mainly to Top- 
lady and Monlgomery. The latter held it in 
special esteem, and regarded it as "odo of C. 
Wesley's loveliest progeny." In its complete 
form it was not included iu tho Wes. H. Bk. 
until 1875. Its use is very extensive. The 
hymn:— "Thou, Whoso glory Alb the skies," 



CHItlSTE CUNCTORUM 

as found in the People's H., 1867, No. 570, ffl 
tho same hymn with slight alterations. In 
the S. P. C. K. Church Hymns, the doxology 
is from tho Cooke and Denton Hymnal, 1853 ; 
st. ii. and iii. have also been used in tho cento 
" O disclose Thy lovely face," q. v. It has 
been rendered into Latin by tho Kev. B. 
Bingham, in his Hymno. Christ. Lai., 1871, as 
"Christe, cujus glorioe," Tho American use 
of the original is'extensivc "[J, J.] 

Christ unser Herr zum Jordan fcam. 

M. Luther. [ Holy Baptism. ] Probably 
written 1511, and pub. as a broadsheet in 
that year (Wackernagel's Bibliographic, 1855, 
p. 172). In Low German it appeared in the 
MagdebuTg G. B., 1542, and in High German 
in the GeisUiche LUdcr, Wittenberg, 154J. In 
Wackernagel, iii. p. 25, in 7 st. of 1., end 
the samo in Seluroks's ed. of Luther's Geist 
Lieder, 1854, p. 59, and as No. 253 in tho 
Unv. L. 8., 1851. The original title is "A 
hymn on our Holy Baptism, wherein is briefly 
embraced What it is f Who instituted it? What 
is its use ? " It is a Catechetical hymn setting 
forth the Lutheran doctriuo of Baptism, and 
is based on St Matt. iii. 13-17, and St Mark 
xvL Tho only tr. in C. U. is : — 

To Jordan oame our Lord the Christ To do. Tr, 
in full in R. Maseie's M. Luther's Spiritual Sonrji, 
1854, p. 69 ; repeated with st. vii. altered, as No. 
210 in the Ohio Lath. Ht/mnal t 1880. Also in 
Dr. Bacon, 1884, p. 68. 

In. not la 0. U. :— 

(1^ " Clurifit baptist was be Johne In Jordan fludc," in 
the Guile and Godly BaUateticd. 15G8, folio 8), cd. 18W, 
p. 12. (2) " The eye sees water, ]it>thing more," fl tr. 
of st. vll. T by J. Gombold, as No. S3! In too Appendix 
of 174a to tho Maraman Ji. nk., 1142, and repeated i?S4- 
l»4If. (3) " To Jordan came our Lord tJic Christ, His," 
&c., by J- Anderson, 1340, p. GS C1S4T, p. si). (4) 
" "Where Jordan's stream was Tolling on, by Dr. J. 
Hunt, 1B63, p. 9S- {s) "Jesus, our Lord, to Jordan 
came," by Dr. H. Mills, 1866, p. 210. (a) " To Jordan 
when our Lord hod gone," by Dr. Cr. Macdonald, In the 
Sunday Xagatint, 186J, p. 082, altered, In hts Jgwtics, 
lB7u,p. ES, [J, JI.] 

~X.purrk aval;, ere tto&tov. Gregory of 
Nazianzus. [Easter.'] This hymn to Clirisfc 
on Easter Day dates from the 4th cent., and 
is found in various editions of St. Gregory's 
Works, in Daniel, iii. 6, and in the Ardh. 
Graec Car. Christy 1871. A translation, " O 
Christ the King ! since breath pent up," &o., 
by A. W, Chatneld, appeared in his Songs and 
Hymns, Ac, 1876. [See Creek Hymitody, § iv.] 

[J. J.] 

Chriete, ooelestis medicina Fatrie. 

[T» (tore of Pestilence.] This hymn is in tho 
Mozardbic Breviary, Toledo, 1502, f. 311, as 
tho hymn at Vespers in tho Office for one or 
more sick persons, and again (f. CO) on tho 
Thursday after tho Oofcavo of the Epiphany, 
called the " Vespers of the Sick." lSaniel, i,. 
No. 163, gives the text, with a note, and 
classes it with hymns written not earlier than 
the 6th, nor later than tho 9th cent Tr. as : — 

Chii«t from the Father aent to bring us healing. 
Written by R. F. Littledale for the iVfesfs 
Prayer Boot, enlarged ed. 1868, and from thence 
transferred to the People's H., 1867. [W. A. S.] 

Christe cunctorum dominator alme. 
[Gonsearatimi of a Church.] This hymn of 
unknown date and authorship, is found in 



CHRISTE, FILI JESU 

three ltss. of iho 11th cent, in the Brit. Jtfiis. 
(Jul. A. vi. f. 68 b; Vesp. D, xii. f. 112 l>; 
Hnrl. 2061, f, 250), in the Latin /%. of 
the Anglo-Saxon Ch., 1851, p. 141, and in an 
11th cent. Moaambio Brev. in the liril. itfiis. 
The oldoat Ma. in which it is now found is one 
of the flth cent, in the Library at Bern. 
Daniel, L, No. 06, and iv. pp. 110 and 3(54, hns 
the full text with various readings from the 
Bern ms., and other sourcm Tr. as : — 

Christ, Than Ruler of tho Universe, by J. J). 
<7Aflm&eri,inhis Lauda 8yon,¥t. I, 185T,p. 237. 
Two centos from this vigorous tr. have been 
adopted, the first beginning withst, i., inThring's 
Coil. 1882, and the second with st. ii.: — "Bohohi, 
God, how thankful in Thy praise," in T. Dar- 
ling's Hymns, 1885. Also tr. as, " Only begotten 
Word of God eternal." Printed for the use of 
St. Barnabas, Pimlico, 1884. St. viii. and ix, are 
original. 

It hns also been rendered into English through 
the German na follows : — 

Du, dem der Hunmel and die Erf' etch btuget, by 
A. J. Kambach, in his Anthologie, i. p. 176, in 
9 st. Thence altered and beginning u Hcrr, 
vor dem sich Erd' und Hiramel betiget," in 
Knapp's Ev. L. S., 1837, No. 1129 (18o5, No. 
1286). The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

Eternal Son of fled. Thou, a tr, in L. M. of 
st, i.-iv., vi., ix. as No, 131 in the Ohio Lath. 
Hymnal, 1380. [J. M.] 

Ohriate, fill Jesu snmmi [St. Bene- 
dint.') The oldest known text of this hymn is 
found in a Ms, of tho 11th cent., at Stuttgart 
It is also in a 13th cent us. in tho Brit. Mw. 
(Add. 18301, f. 118). Matte gives it as No. 
838, and thinks it is of the 6th cent. ; and 
Daniel, iv. p. 184, gives the text without note 
or comment. Tr. as :-— 

Team Chriat, with (tod the Father Conaubstantial, 
Only Son, by Q. Moultrie, 1st pub. in the Church 
Times, Julv 9, 1864 ; again in hia Ays'. $ Lyrics, 
1867.- and" in the People's H„ 1867, No. 242. 

[J. X] 

Chrietelmclioratertia. [for Hie Third 
Hour.] This hymn is round in an Anglo-Saxon 
Hymnary of the 11th cent in the British 
Museum (Vesp. D. xii. f. 89). In the us. it is 
given for the Nativity, at Toreo ; the hymn far 
Best being "Sexta aetate virgino"(f 39 b); 
and that for None being " Horn nona quae 
oanimus (f. 89 b). The three parte are printed 
from this MS. in tho Lot. Hyi. of the Anglo- 
Saxon Ch., 1851, pp. 151-152. Tr. as "O 
Christ, our Lord, in this third honr," by J. 
D. Chambers, in bis Lavda Syon, 1. 1857, and 
repented in Skinner 1 * Daily Service Hyl., 
1864. [J. M.] 

Chrlste, qui lux es et dies. [XcnfJ 
An Ambrosian hymn, quoted by Hincmar, 
Abp. of Bheinis, m his. treatise, Contra Qo- 
detchaleum . . . De «na et turn Trind Deitate, 
857, thus fixing its date at an early period. 
Although the Benedictine editors have as- 
signed some hymns to St. Ambrose on tho 
strength of tlieir being quoted in tho same 
work, yet they have rejected this as tho work 
of ihat Father. (Migne, torn. 16-17.) The 
tost and uses of tins hymn are : — 

CO In the 'Atosai-aWc .Breii., Toledo, I503,f. OW.b., it 
ie given as & hymn for compline on Sundays, with an 
additional btaraa which reads ■ 



CHRTSTE, QUI LUX ES 227 

" Tetre tioctis insldlas 
Hujus tlmoriB Libera; . 
Tuc lucis magnolia 
Totum Chorum lulumlna." 
(a) Daniel, i„ No. S3, gives the text from two lath 
cent. nss. at WBrzburg, fee. He also gives alt audittunal 
verse which roads :— 

*« Ad to clamamns domino, 
Noli nos dcTeHixrucrc, 
Festlrm, ne tordaveris, * 
Succurrc nobis miscris." 

(3) Jfciw, No. W, gives tho text from a ms. of the 
8th cent, preserved at Darmstadt, tviib readings of later 
tf£s. and printed Breviaries, and an extended note. 

(4) Daniel follow* in 1899 (iv, pp. 64-5), with refer- 
ences to his former note, and to Mont, and further readings 
from Has. and printed Breviaries. 

(5) It is found in a KB., e, 890, in the Bodleian (Junius, 
29 t, is}b); in three vss, of the nth cent, in the 
Brilitk Mm. (Jul. A. vi. f. 22 b; Vesp. ]J. sii. f. I] ; 
Earl, 2961, f. 320 b) ; and in tho Latin Hy>. of the Angto- 
Saxon Churdi. Is printed from an nth cent. jis. at Dur- 
ham (Surtees Soc., 1891, p. 12). 

(6) It is also found in Hymn. Suriib. (Lond. 1991% the 
&trfnn and York Breviaries ; Card. Newman's irymni 
Btxletiae, 1S3S and ISM; Wackernttgcl, 1841, No. 21; 
B&ssler ; Kimroek; Blggys armotated H. 4fr. A. jr., and 
others. In the varioGaBrevLaries its use differed, [ait it 
was ntainlv confined to Lent. ryr, A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. — 

1. O Christ, That art the Light and Say, by W. 
J. Copeland, 1st pub. in his Hys. for the Week, 
1848, p,156, Thia is repeated, without nlteri> 
lion, in the Appcndixtattie Hymnal N., No. 116. 
There arc also altered versions of the same tr,, 
as "O Christ, Who art the Light and Day," in 
If. A. #M., 1875, and tho Irish Church II, 1873; 
and as "O Christ, Thou art the Light and Day," 
in tho Hymnary, 1872, 

9. Olrirt, "Who art both am light and 9a;, by 
Mrs, Charles, in her Voice of Christian Life in 
Song, 1858, p. 92, This is found in Newman 
Hall's Coll., 1876, and one or two others. 

S. O Chriat, The art both Light and Say, by W. 
Mercer, included in the Oxford ed. of his Church 
Paalter, &c„ 1864, No. 6. 

4. Christ, Thou Who art the light and Day, by 
R. F. Littledale, made for and 1st pub. in the 
People's H., 1867, No. 435, 

Tranalationa not in C. V, t — 

1. Thou, Cnrlst, art our light. JTynn. Anglic^ 1944, 

2. O Chriat, Who art our Life and Day. If, /, ska, 
1852-55. 

3. Ray of the Eternal Sire Divine. W. J. Mete, 
1862-55. 

4. O Christ, Thou art our Light, our Day. J. D. 
Cktmbert, ia$Y. 

5. O Christ, Thy Light brings endless day. jr. if. 
MatgUl, 1375. [J, JJ 

This hymn has niso been rendered into 
English, through the German, as follows : — 

i. Chiiate, iar du niat Tag und Licit, 1st pab. in 
the Erfurt Enchiridion,15'£6, fol.26. In J. Zwick's 
G. B., 1540, and others, it is ascribed to Wolfgang 
Meusel, or MeussJiri, and so by Koch, ii. p. 92, who 
says it was written while M. was stiil a monk in 
the cloister nt LUheiin. Waeheruagel, iii. p, 
121, gives it as anonymous, and as erroneously 
ascribed to M., in 7 et. of 4 1. In the Berlin 
0. L. S., ed, 1863, No, 1150. 

Thatra, are: — 



(i) " O Christ, that art tho lygbt and deye,' by Bo, 

■ ■"■ "— '- ' " " "-" (i) 'Christ, 

1 — tcU 

(3) i5r Christ, everlasting source of Ughi]"hy.r. Ci/awW, 



Coverdale, 1639 (Remaint, 1*46, p. £34). 
thow art the llcht, not and the day," in 
ff«By Ballata" (ed. 156T-S, folio h\ ed. 1868, 



in the Gude and 
US. 



1)29, p. «0(ed. 1*32, p. Its), and thence, aa No. 243, In 
pt.i.of the Miraviartir.Sk., 11M, (4) " O Jcens, Then 
our brighter day," by If. J. BwhM, 1842, p. 63. 

ii. Collate, du Mat dor belle Tag, by Erasmus 
Afber* Wachernagel, iii. ]>, 8S4* quotes this from 
Die Morgengese»3 fiir die A'jncfi'r, Nurnberg, c 



228 CHRISTB, QUI SEDES 

1556, where it is in 7 st. of 4 1. Included in 
the Hamburg Enchiridion, 1558, and recently as 
No. 507 in the Urn. L. S., 1851. In Noldeke's 
Alber, 1857, p. 43. St. vi., vii., says Diuxmann, 
have formed a very favourite evening prayer for 
families in Wiirttenibcrg from olden times till 
now. The only tr. is; — 

" We are Thy heritage indeed," of st. v., vii., as No. 
444, In pt. i. of tbe Meranian H. Bk., 11 94. [J. M.] 

Christe, qui sedes Olympo. Jean 
Baptists de SanteSil. [St. Michael and AU 
Angel*.] Given in tbe Chtniaa Brev., 1686, 
p. 1086, and in his Hymni Sacri et Novi, 
1689. p. 40; and in the ed. of 1698, p. 182, 
as " Christe, summi Ilex Olympi," and in 
7 at, of 6 1. In tho revised Fan* Breviary, 
1736, st. ii. was omitted, and various altera- 
tions wore introduced. Other French Uses 
vary both from Paris Brev, and the original. 
" Chriate, qui sodus Olympo," its the Pans text 
from which all the tn. into English havo been 
made. It is given in Chandler's Hye. of the P. 
Chnrcli, 1837, p. 224: and in Card. Newman's 
Hymni EecUiiae, 1838 and 1865. The stanza 
omitted from the Parte Brev. is : — 
" Quotqoot adstant, sempitcrnum 

Qui tribunal aznbiunt, 

Hi tot srdont imperantis 

Ferns jus«i pmepetes ; 

Ire terrls, et rctilrr. 

Sacra per commercJa."— HI. 16B«, p. 162. 
[W. A. S.] 
Translation in C. U. : — 
Chrlat la highest Heaven enthroned, by W. 
Palmer, in his Short Poems and Hys., 1845, in 6 
St. of 6 1, From thence it passed, unaltered, 
into the St. Saviour's (Leeds) Sacred Hymns 
f Anthems, 1846, and with alight alterations 
and a doxology into Ilys $ Iittraits, 1852. It is 
also given in Murray's Hymwd, 1852, as, " Christ, 
to Whom, enthroned in Heaven"; in H.A.fyM., 
1SG1, and the Hymwtry, 1872, as "Christ, in 
highest heaven enthroned 5 " and (st, iv.-vi., from 
Murray's Hymnal), as " Blest are they o'er all 
creation," in Kennedy, 1863. 

Translation* not in 0, V, : — 
I. « Christ, Wio in heaven, J. Ckan&er. KM*. 
a. Christ, Who sttt'et vrlthGod on biirii. I.WUlianu. 
IBM. [W. T. B.] 

Christe Bedemptor omnium Con- 
BSrva tuoB famuloa. [AU Saints,] The 
oldest form of this hymn is in three MSB. of 
the 11th cent, in the Brit. Jlfus. (Jul. A. vi. 
f. CO; Vesp. D. xii. f. 94 b; Hurl. 2961, f. 
244), and is printed from an 11th cent. MS. at 
Durham, in tlie Latin Hye. of the Anglo-Saxon 
Chmvh, 1851, p. 119. Daniel nlso refers (iv. 
p. 143) to a ltheinau us. of the 11th cent. 
Mane, No. 635, gives the text of a 12th cent. 
he. bclonginj; to the Benedictine Abbey of St 
Peter, at Salzburg, and Daniel, i. t No. 243, has 
it from later authorities. Card. Newman's 
test in his Hymni Ecde&ine, 1838 and 1865, 
is from the Sarnm Brev. The Adman Brev. 
hymn, Kaono, Oarfrte, aervnlii, is this hymn in 
a revised form. [J. M.] 

Both the original and the Bom. Brev. texts 
have been rendered into English as follows : — 

i. Original Text. 
Translations in C. U. :— 
1, Christ. 1 the world's Rodeour dear, by J. 

D, Chamber*. 1st pub. in Pt. ii., 1866, of his 



CHRISTE BEDEMPTOR 

Laudti Syon, p. 105, in 7 st, of 4 1. and repeated 
in the Appendix to the Hymnal if, 

£> O Christ, Bedeamar of mankind, by R. F. 
Littledale, written for and 1st pub. in the 
People's H, 1867, No, 293, in 7 St. of 4 1. and 
signed "F. E," 

ii. Boman Breviary Text. 
Placare, Christe, servulig. This text 
is found in alt editions of the Bom. Brev. since 
1632, and in Daniel, L, No. 243. It is tr. as :— 

O Christ, Thy guilty people apare, by E. Caswall. 
1st pub. in his Lyra Catholiea, 1849, pp. 191-3, 
and again in hie Hymns, &c, 1373, p. 103. This 
is tbe tr. commonly used in Roman Catholic col- 
lections for missions and schools. Another tr. is ; 
" O bo not angry, Lord, with those," by Wallace, 
1874. [J. J.] 

Christe Bedemptor omnium feen- 
tium] Ex FDo] Patre. [Cnns/mo*.] This 
Ambrosian hymn is sometimes ascribed to St, 
Ambrose, but is rejected as such by the Beno- 
dictino editors of his works. (Piiris Ed, 
1686-90, torn, iii; Xigne, torn. 17.) It is 
known in threo forms. These are, i. The 
Original ; ii. The Boman Breviary text ; iii, 
and tho Parlt Breviary test. 

i. Original Text. 

Christe Eedemptor omnium Ex 
Patre F&triB unioe. This is fonnd in 
three Mss. of the 11th cent, in the Brit, iffus. 
(Jul. A. vi. f. 32 b ; Vesp. D. xii. f. 31 ; Harl. 
2961, f. 227 b), and in the Latin Hys. of the 
Anglo-Saxon Church, 1851, jx. 119, printed 
from an 11th cent lis. at Durham. Tha 
toxt in Daniel, i., No. 75, " Christe Bedemptor 
gentium. Do Patro," is from later authorities. 
In his vol. iv. p. 145, Daniel gives tho earlier 
renderings from a Rhein&u us. of the 11th 
cent, The Hymn. Sarieb. 1851, p. 12, gives 
tho text, with readings from various English 
Uses. [W, A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. ; — 

1. Jean, tha Father 1 ! Only Son, by J. M. Neale, 
given in the Hymnal JIT., 1st ed., 1852, No. 13, 
and continued in later editions. In 1884 it was 
transferred to the Hymner* 

2. O Christ, XUdeomer of our moo, by Sir H. W, 
Baker, appeared in the trial copy of the H. A. $ 
If., 1853 ; 1st ed., 1861, and the revised ed., 1875. 

8, O Christ, Bodeemer of mankind, by R. P. 
Littledale, made for and 1st appeared in the 
People's H., 1867, and signed "F. K." 

Translation* not in O. Tl. ; — 

1. O Christ, Redeemer of ue all. Primer. 1604. 

z. Christ, wnoeo redemption all doth free. Primer, 
1610. 

5, Hedeemer of the race of man. W. J. Blew. 1SE3. 

4. O Christ, Redeemer of tne world, f. D. ChimibtTt. 
1S5T. [J. J.j 

ii. Boman Breeiary Text. 

Jesu Bedemptor omnium, Quern 
lucis ants originem. This form of the 
hymn was given in tbe revised Boman Breviary, 
1632, for Vespers and Matins on Christmas 
Day. The text is in Daniel, L, No. 75 ; and in 
Card. Newman's Hymni Eecl&riae, 1838 and 
1865. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 
1. Jean, Bedeemar of tho world, by E. Caswall, 
1st pub. in his Lyra Catholiea, 1849, p. 48, and 



CHBISTE fiBDBMPTOB 

again in his Hi/mm, &c, 1873, p. 26. From 
this text, with alterations, Xo, 21 in Chope's 
Hymnal, 1864 ; and No. 127 in the Hymnary, are 
taken. It is also the tr, used in several Roman 
Catholic H. Bks. for schools and missions. 

t. Jem*, B*d«em*r, from on high, by W. J. 
Copeland, in his /fys. /or tte W«4, 1848, p. 58, 
and as " Jesu, whom nations all adore," in Rori- 
son's Hys. $ Aalhemt, 1851. 

I. lub, "Whose Blood for all men streamed, 
by R. Campbell, in his Hys. $ Anthem, 1850 ; 
and in Annus Sanctas, 1884. 

Translations net in 0. V. ! — 

1. Jem, the Rsusomer of man. Frimer. 108ft. 

3. O Christ, the world's redemption. Primer. DM. 

3. Jesu, the Raneomer of man. Keening Office. 1110. 
A cento from Nos. l and?, but partlyorlgEnal, reprinted 
In 0. Shipley's Anmu &utctU3, ISM. 

*. Redeemer. Jesus, Lift of man. Bp. Mant. l«s). 

a, Jeans, Redeemer ere the light, iftuenteta, lsid, 

S. Jean, Bedeemer of as all. J 1 . K. Bate. IMS. 

T. Jesu, our souls' redeeming Lord. T. J. Puller, !n 
the Catholic Pxxlmitt, 18M j and Jnnui Sincta* 1894. 

B, Jesu, Kedeemer of the earth. Bp.WOliam*. 184S. 

9. O Jean, ere alt ages known. F. Trawa. lsfto. 
10. Jesus, Saviour of mankind. S. Wallace. 18T4, 

From this text is also token the hymn in 
the " Little Office of the Blessed V. Mary," in 
the Bant. Brev., Memento rerum Oondltar, This 
has been tr. by E. Caswall, in his Lyra 
Catholiea, 1819, and Hymns, 4c, 1673, as 
" Remember, O Creator, Lord." 

iiL Pari* Breviary TtxL 
Jesu, Bedemptor omnium, Bnmmi 
Parentis uniee. This recast is by C. 
Coffin. It was given in his HymmSaari, Farm, 
1736, and again in the same year in the revised 
Paris Brev. The text is in Chandler's Hyt. 
of the P. Church, 1837, No. 43, and in Card. 
Newman's Hymni Eadesiae, 1838 and 1863. 

Translations in C. U. :- 

1. Christ, Bedssmer of onr raos, by W. Mercer, 
in his Church Psalter, &c, 1864. 

2. Jesus, Life of ruined man, by K. C. Single- 
ton. Written in 1867, and pub. in his Anglican 
H. Bk., 1868. Id the 2nd ed., 1871, it was re- 
vised as, "O Jesu, Saviour of us all." 

Tranilationa not in 0. TJi : — 

1. Jesus, 'ITion holy Son of Qod. J. Chandler. 183T. 

2. Jesu, bom tile world to free. I. H'iiKnmi. 1139, 

• [J. J-] 

Christ* Bex, nmndi Creator. [Bu- 
rial.] This hymn is in an 11th cent JnW 
arable Hymaarium in the Brit. Mns. (Add. 
90B51, f. 160 ; und also in the Mbxarabio Brev., 
Toledo 1502, f. 316; and Migne, torn. 86. col. 
923. The text is repeated m Daniel, iv. p. 
117,andNeoIe"s Hymni EacleHae, 1851,p.219. 
Tr. as: — 

Christ the Sine, &* world's Creator, by E. F. 
Littled&le, made for and 1st pub. in the People?) 
H., 18G7, thence into the Attar Hymnal, 1884. 

Chxiatel Banctorum caput atque 
cuatos. Robert Boyd. [Praise to Christ.] 
Written at Trochrig in 162S, in 100 et. of 5 
lines, 1st pnb. as Hecatombe Chrittiana 1 
Hymnus, JKarortrrpJ^oi ad ChristumSer- 
vatorem (Edin,, Thomas Finl&son, 1627), in- 
cluded in the Delitiae Fottttirum Scolorum 
hujttt aevi Uhmtrium (vol. i. p. 2(l8, Am- 
sterdam, 1637), reprinted in tlio Poetararn 
Scotorum Musae Sacrae (vol. I p. 198, Edin, 
1739), and elsewhere. 



CHRISTE SANCTORUM 229 

A cento of ft st* being -at. B, IS, 33, aft, US; beginning, 
" Nunclua praepee mini labra eummo," was tr. by Dr. 
B. M. MacgW as "0 let some swift-winged angel," 
and contributed to the 1ST* Draft Hymnal of the 
United rretb. CKurek. When Included as No. 15 In the 
Prab. Hymnal, is)*, It began, "Lord! let Thy Spirit 
holy," but when Dr. MaqtuT reprinted It together with 
the Latin in his Sangi ef the Chrittian Great and Lift, 
16TB, No. it, it began, "Lord! let Thy swift-winged 
angel." This wasagelnalteredlnthel87sed.to, "Lord, 
let some swift-winged angel." It is one of the best 
of his translations. Another r. is, "Christ, of Thy 
saints the Head, the King," In Hi st. of s lines, by Sir 
William Mure, pub. as A tuirituaU Bymne of the 
tncrifice of a jfofler to be of/red vpon the altar cf a 
fcumWed heart to Chritt our Jiedeener, £c. ISdinliurgh, 
John Wrdttoun, 16M. J, M J 

Christ©, sanctorum decuo angelo- 
nun. St. Bahama Maurvtt. [SL Michael."] 
This hymn is in four forms, not oounting 
slight variations of text, as follows: — 

i. Original Text. 
Christe sanctorum deoua ange- 
lorum, Anotor humani generieque 
reotor. It is in three mss. of the lltti cutit. 
in the Brit. Mm. (Vesp. D. xii. f. 92; Jul. A. 
vi. f. 58 ; Hnrl. 2961, f. 213), and is also printol 
from an 11th cent. MB. belonging to the LV>an 
and Chapter of Durham in the Latin llyt. 
of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 1851, p. 116. Of 
this text there is no translation. 

ii, Textm Beceptw. 
Christe sanctorum deeus angelo- 
rum, Sector humanl generis et auctor. 

Thia is given by Daniel, i., No. 188, with vari- 
ous readings, and by Mane, No. 311, also with 
notes. TotheseareaddedinDam'ci,iv.p. 165, 
readings from a lis. of the lllh cent., belong- 
ing to the Abbey of Eheinan ; and at p. 371 he 
says, that the hymn is also found in a its. of 
the 9th cent in the Town Library of item. 
Translations of this text are : — 

1. Christ, the Glory of tbe holy angels. W. J. Cleta. 
1W.3. 

2. Christ, the holy angels' Grace, J, W. Uevett. 
lass. 

3. Christ, who of holy angels. Honour art. J, li, 
CAomtera, 11. 1B68, 

iii, Roman Breviary Text. 

Christe sanctorum deeus angelorum, 

Qentis hutnanae Bator et Redemptor, 

given in the Bom. Brev., 1632, for the Feast of 
St. Michael, at Lauds. The test is uhx> in 
Daniel, L, No. 188 ; Card. Newman's Hymni 
Eceletiae, 1838 and 1865 ; KBnigafeltl, ii 18* ; 
flasslw, No. 71, &o. In this orrangonient, 
et. v. : — 

" Htnc Dri nostrl genltrli Marls 
Totua et nobis chorus sngelorum 
Semper aiaLstant, otmul et beats 
Oouclo tots." 
is changed to — 

•' Virgo dui pacts genetrlxquc lucls 
Et eaoer riohls chorus ai^elurum 
Semper asalstat, aimul.et micsntia 
Regis coell." 

In the translations the full force of this 
change has been evaded by all with the excep- 
tion of Coswall. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Christ of Thy angel host the Grave, by Br>. 
Mant, in his Ancient Hymns, 1837, p. 63 (1871, 
p. 119). Bp. Mant surmounts the difficulty of 
at. v. by omitting it altogether. In the Appendix 
to Hymnal N., Ho. 184, st. ii. of Bp. Slant's tr. 



:J30 



CHBISTI BLTJT 



OHBISTI HODIEBNA 



is omitted, and it modified rendering of st. v. is 
added thereto. 

8. Christ of the holy aagels Hfht tad GUimi, 
by W. J. Copeland, Id bis Hymns for the Week, 
1848, p. 128. This is repeated in the People'* 
H., 1867, and others. 

Translatloni net in C U. :^~ 

1. O Christ, the Beauty of the angel worlds. S. Cat- 
toall. 1849. 

3. OT Iioly angels, Ch st, Thou art the Glory. F. G. 
Lee, smd ed. 18«8. 

3. Christ, t!:e angele' Joy end Crown. J. Wallace. 
1871. 

it. Roman Breviary Appendix. 
This is given for the Feast of St. Raphael, 
Oct. 24. It is composed of st i., iii.-v. of the 
Qfcxtus Becepltts, with a veiy alight variation 
in st. i. The hymn might be adapted to 
St. Gabriel with equal facility. It is tr. by 
CatteaU, 1849, as " Christ, the glory of the 
angel choirs," and by J. Wallace, 1874,ns "O 
Christ, the angels' Joy and Crown." 

[W.A.8.-J. J.] 

Christi Blut und Gereohtigkeit. N. 

L. von Zinzendorf. [Redemption.'] This fine 
hymn was 'written in 1739, during his return 
journey from St. Thomas's in the W est Indies, 
and 1st pub. 1739, in Appendix viii. to the 
Henmhut (?. B., 1735, as No. 1258, in S3 Bt, 
of 4 ]. In Knapp's ed, of Z.'s Geistliehe 
XAeder, 1845, p. 135, it is marked as "On St. 
Euslaehius," which has been interpreted to 
mean that it was written on the island of St. 
Eustatius, in the Dutch West Indies, but 
quite as probably meanB that it was written 
on St. Eustachius's day, viz. on March 29, 
1739, In the BrSder G, B„ 1778, No. 399, re- 
duced to 20 st., and thus as No, 1201 in the 
Berlin G. i. 8., ed. 1863, St. i is taken from 
the hymn, "In Christi Wnnden schiaf ichein," 
ascribed to Paul Ebcr (q. v.). 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Joeu, Thy blood and righteousness, a spirited 
hut rather free tr., omitting st, 6, 11, 13, 22, 
23, 25-28, hy J. Wesley, in H. and Sacred Poems, 
1740 (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p, 346). Of 
these 24 st. 16 were adopted in the If. and 
Spiritual Songs, 1753, No. 68, and 11 (1, 2, 6-8, 
12, 13, 21-24) in the Wes.H. Bk., 1780, No. 183 
(ed. 1875, No, 190), Inmost collections it is still 
further abridged. The most usual cento is that 
given by M. Mad an, ia the 2nd ed., 1763, of his 
Pi. and Ifys., No. 175, which is of Wesley's st. 1, 
12, 2, 13, 15, 24. This is found in Bickersteth's 
Christian Psal,, 1833, and has been recently 
given, omitting st. xiii., in Snepp'a S. of O. and 
G., 1876 ; Irish Ck. Hymnal, 1873 ; Spnrgeon's 
O. O. H. Bk., 1866; Pennsylvania Lath. Ch. 
Bk., 1868, and other collections. Among the 
various British and American hymnals which 
begin with Wesley's first line, the other sts. 
used for making centos arc taken from the Wes. 
If. Bh., 1780 (6-8, 21-23}. 

The hymn is also found under these first lines ■ 

1, Jesui, Thy robe of ria-Meouanea* (st. i.y, in the 
Omg. H.Bk., 1*36 j lAtai If. Bk., 1853; Jf.Cbfta., 185s: 
Bapt, **•■ * £? s -> 18s3 . tc - 

S, Je»n»l Thy perfect Ti£fet»usneM (st, i.\ tn 
Ootlerlll's Sel., I310-1B, 

a, Jesus, Thy grace and righteousness (st, 1.1, In 
Xtth, jv. Connexion, 1S4J. 

4. Lord, Thy imputed righteousness (st, i.), Id 
American Datch Eeformed Coll., 1847. 



5. The holy, meek, uaipottei lamb ( e t. vi.J, In 
American Sabbati B. Bk., 1868. 

6. Lord, I believe Thy preetoua blood (st. vit.), in 
Pennsylvania Lutt. H. Bk., ISM. 

7* Lord, I believe wen aimun more (st. vili.), in 
Bsang. Union Bymnal, 1878. 

B. Jesus, b* endless praise to Thee (et, xxl.), in 
H. L. Hastiness Bymnal, 1980. 

6. Jetus, the Lend, my righteousness (st. 1.), in Tlu 
Enlarged lomfon H. Bk., Isle. 

ii. Chrisf a crimson blood and righteousness, a tr, 

of st. i., iiv., iv, t «, by E. Cronenwett, as No, 
260 in the Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1880, 

Another tr, is : — 

" The Saviour's Blood and Righteousness," by C. Ifln- 
chen as No. 131 in the Moravian M. Bk., If 43, and re- 
peated, abridged, tn later eds, (1886, No. 318). [J. Iff.] 

Christ! oaterva cl&mitet. [Advent] 
A hymn of unknown authorship, in the Mot- 
arabie Brev., Toledo, 1502, f. 1. Mono, No. 31, 
gives the text from a mb. of the 8th or 9th 
cent., belongingto the Town library of Trier. 
It is also in an 11th cent Mozarabie Hym- 
nariwn in the Brit. Mas. (Add. 80851, f. Ill b). 
Stone's notes and readings are extensive. He 
considers it to be of the 5th cent. Daniel, iv. 
120, quotes Mom's text, references, and part of 
his notes. It is tr. as — 

Hark 1 a glad exulting throng, by P, Onslow, in 
the Lyra Messianica, 1864, p. 6, in 8 st. of 4 ]., 
and from thence into Alford's Year of Praise, 
1867, No. 2. [J. M.] 

Christ! corpus ave. [Holy Communion.'] 
Levis, in his Anecdota Sacra, 1790, pp. 32, 33, 
gives this as "A salutation in the Lord 
Jesus Christ, by St. Anselin of Canterbury." 
On this authority it is sometimes ascribed to St. 
Anselm ; but from the fact that the hymn is 
not in his works, and that Daniel, ii. p. 328, 
and Mone, No. 214, give the text, and are 
doubtful of his authorship, this assumption 
is uncertain. Mane quotes it from aBeichenau 
Ms. of the 14th cent. It is tr. as: — 

Hail, Body born of Xary, by R. F. Littledale, 
1st pub, in the Altar Manual, 1863; again in 
Lyra Eucharittica, 1863, and in the People's H., 
1867. [J. J,] 

Christi hodierna eelebranrus nata- 
litia. [Christmas.'] A sequence in the Mass 
of the sixth ddy after Christmas Day, whether 
it be a Sunday or not, in the Sarum Missal, 
and for the third Mass of Christmas Day, in 
tho Hereford and York Missals. In the Here' 
ford M. the first lino reads, '* Christi hodicma 
pnngimini omnes una." Witli the exception 
of the second verse, the intercisione and end- 
ings of the verses arc in the letter a. The 
Santm text is given in the Burntisland ed., 
1867, col. 74; the York, in the Surtces Soc 
reprint, vol. 59, p. 19 ; andtheifej^farci, in the 
reprint, 1874, p. 1C. In the St. Gall ms„ No. 
614 (of tho 10th cent.), it begins as in ihe 
Hereford M. In the Bodleian ws., No. 775, 
f. 136 (written c 1000), and in an nth cent. 
Winchester MS. now in Corpus Christi Col- 
lege, Cambridge (ms. 473), it begins with st. ii. 
" Coelica resoncnt." IV. as : — 

eome, loud antiiema let us sine;, hy E. H. 
Plumptrc, written for and 1st pub. in the llytH' 
nary, 1872, No. 135. Also given in Dean Plump- 
tre's Things Kev> and Old, 1884. Also tr. as : — 

Let us celebrate this tiny, Christ tlio Lord's nativity. 
C, B. Ptamn. 1BC8. [J, M.] 



CHBI8TI MILES 

Christi miles gloriosue, [St. Vincent-.] 
A. hymn for the Festival of St 'Vincent at 
Lands is found in & 12th cent. Ms. in the 
Bodleian (Land. Latin, 95 f. 114 b) and in a 
14th cent. Sarum Bree. in the Brit. Mut. 
(mss. Reg. 2. A. xiv., f. 183 b). It is reprinted 
in Card. Newman's Hynwt Eedesiae, 18S6 and 

1865. Tr. as:— 

1* Olerlenf w .tiie Christian wandar, by J. D. 
Chambers, in pt. ii. p. 58, of his Laada Syon, 

1866, from whenca it passed unaltered into the 
People's H,, 1867. 

S. Po* hi* Lord, m soldier gloriooi, An anony- 
roouH tr. in the Antiphoner and Grail, 1880, and 
again in the Hytmer, 1882. The doiology (st. 
iii.) is from Chamber). [J. J,] 

Christ! perennes nuntii. Jean Bap- 
tiste de SanteUU. [SS. Mark and Luke.] Pub. 
in the Qtiniae Brev., 1686, p. viii., and in hie 
ITjfmni Sacrj et Novi, 1689, 197 ; and in 
the ed. 1698, p. 210, as a hymn for the 
Evangelists, in 6 st. of i 1. In 1736 it was 
included, with alterations, in tho revised Paris 
Brev. us the hymn for 1st and 2nd Vespers 
on tlie Feasts of S8. Mark trad Luke. It is 
also appointed for the same Feasts in other 
French Breviaries. Tho Parte Brev. text is 
given in Card. Newman's Hymni Kedesiae, 
1838 and 1865. [W. A. R] 

Translations in C. U.:— 

I. Herald* of Christ, to every age, by J. Chandler, 
from the Paris Brev., in his Hymns of the Fran. 
Church, 1837, No. 93 (with the Latin teit), in 
5 st. of i I. This was repeated in the Cooke and 
Denton Hymnal, 1853; Dr. Oldknow's Hys. for 
the Services of the Ch., 1854, &e. In the Eng- 
lish Hyl., 2nd ed., 1856 (3rd, 1861), it is given 
as ! " Eternal gifts of Christ our King " ; and in 
the Hys. for Christian Seasons. Gainsburgh, 
1st ed., 1854, ns "Heralds of Christ, through 
whom go forth." 

S. Christ's everlasting moafenferi, by I. Wil- 
liams, is the most widely used of the trs. of this 
hymn. It appeared in the Feb. number of the 
British Magazine, 1 837, and again in the trans- 
lator's Hys. tr. from the Paris Brev., 1839, p. 377, 
in 5 st. of 4 I. It is found in several collections, 
including the People's H., 1867; Alford's Year 
of Praise, 1867, &e. 

8, Heralds of Joaul through all time, t>y E. Cns- 
Wsll, 1st pub. in his Masque of Mary, &c, 1853, 
and again in his Hymns, &c, 1873. In the Nym- 
nary, 1872, it is given with alterations by the 
compilers as "Behold Christ's heralds through 
all time." 

ft. Behold the messengers of Christ, by the com- 
pilers of II. A. fy M., is based upon I. Williams, 
ns above. It was given in the 1st ed., 1861, and 
again in the revised ed., 1875, 

Translation not in G. U. ; — . 
Praise for Tay salute to Tbee, Lord. Up. IKatt. 
*«"■ [J. J.J 

Christian children, hear me. J. M. 

Neale. [All Saint).'] Is found in his Original 
Sequences, Hymns ami otlter Ecclesiastical 
Verses, 18G6, pp. 30-33. It is a " Children's 
Sequence," in 9 st. of 6 1., for All Saints Day, 
end is accompanied with the note :— " This is 
written to tlio very lovely melody of Laos 
devota mente, in the Sarum Gradual." In 
1867 it was included in the People's 11. 



XPI2TOS rENNATAI 



2S1 



Christian children must be holy. 0. 

F. Alexander. [Circumcision.] Appeared in 
her Narratite Hymns for Village Schools, 1853; 
No. ii. on " The Circumcision,'' in 5 st. of 
4 1. Given without alteration in Sirs. Brock's 
Children's H. Bh, 1881. 

Christian, seek not yet repose. Char- 
lotte Elliott. [Watch and Pray.] Appeared 
in her Morning and Evening Hymns for a 
Week, 1839, appointed for Wednesday Morn- 
ing, and entitled " Watch and Fray that ye 
enter not into temptation." It is in 6 st of 
3 1. with tho refrain "Watch and Pray." 
Although unrecognized for some time by 
hymnal compilers, in tho later collections, 
beginning about 1860, it holds a very promi- 
nent position, and its use in all Engliah- 
speaking countries has become very extensive. 

[J. J.] 

Christians awake, salute the happy 
morn. /. Byrom. [Christmas.] This hymn 
is compiled from a poem of 48 lines, in two 
parts of 32 and 16 lines respectively, which 
was pub. in his posthumous Poems, &c., 1773, 
p. 58 ; and again in his Works, 1814, vol. ii. 
p. 37, It is one of two poems for Christmas 
Day. The popular form in which itnow 
appears as in II. A. & M. was given to it in 
Cotterill's SeL, 1819, No. 212. This woe re- 
peated by Montgomery, in Lis Christian 
Psalmist, 1825. From these two works it has 
passed into most collections now in use in 
English-speaking countries. There are also 
other centos in 0. U. An nltered version, 
beginning: — "With songs of praiso salute,'' 
&c, is found in T. Darling's Hymns, &o. 
Orig. text, with which all centos should be 
compared, in Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 116. [J. J.j 

Christiana 1 brethren I ere we part. 

H. K. While. [Dismission.'] Appeared in Dr. 
Collyer's CoK.,1812, No. 868, in 3st. of 4 1., aud 
entitled, " Dismission ; or, A Parting Hymn." 
It was somewhat extensively used for soma 
fifty years or more, but of late it hns vapidly 
declined in popularity. It is usually given as, 
" Christian brethren I ere wo part." With 
this beginning it is in use in four forms, ns in 
(1) Harland's Ch. Psalter; (2) Windle, Barry, 
&c; (3)Snepp,'{i) Islington Ps. &Hys.; and 
as (5) "Corns, Christian brethren, ere wo 
part, 1 ' iu Spurgcon'a O. O. II. Bh., 1866. It 
is also in use, but to a limited extent, in 
America, [J. }.] 

Xp«TTi; yewaTaf to^atrare. St. 
Cosmos. This is the first of eight Odes or 
Hymns, which form St. Cosmos's Canon for 
Cliristmas Day. ThoGreek Offico for Christ- 
mas Day is of great length and interspersed 
with hymns by St. Germnnus of Constanti- 
nople, St. Anatolius, John the Monk, Bt. Ko- 
manus tho Melodist, and Casia, in addition 
to tho Canon of St. Cosmas. The latter was 
written early in the 8th century, St. Cosmas 
dying about 760, and has been reprinted iu 
Greek in Migno'a Patrologiae, torn, lxxxix., in 
Anth. Qraeea Christ, p. 165, in Daniel, iii. 
pp. 55-60, and iu Dr. Littlednlo's Ofjitxr, Ac, 
of Ifie Holy Kastern Church, 1863, pp. 55-85. 
The trnns I at ions into English uro those in 
rhymed measure by Dr. Nenlo, in his Hys. of 



232 



XPI1T03 rSNNATAt 



(he Eattern Chunk, 1862, pp. 69-83, and the 
blank Terse versions by Dr. Littledale in the 
second part of his Office*, &&, 1863, pp. 173- 
£08. Dr. Ncale regarded the Oanon as " per- 
haps the finest, on the whole, of the Canons 
of Cosmas, and may fairly be preferred to the 
rival composition of St John Damascene," 
H. E. Ch., p. 69. Little use, however, has 
been made of it by the editors of English 
hymnals and books of Saored Poetry, Dr. 
Stale's translation of the first Ode being the 
only one in Common Use. Dr. LittLeaale's 
note on this Canon explains the absence of 
Ode ii. from this and other Festival Canons : — 

" It will be observed that tbe second ode does not ap- 
pear in its place, but tbat the third follows immediately 
after tbs Brat, The reason is as follows. Tbe nine Odea 
are Uieologteally baaed on tbe nine Canticles of Lauds. 
1. The Song of Moses, Exodus iv. it. TbeSongof Moses, 
Deut. xnxh. ill. The Song uf Hannah, 1 Sam. fl. iv. Tbe 
Snn(t of Habakkuk. Hab. Hi. v. The Song of Isaiah, 
Is. jcxv. 19-20. vl. The Song of Jonab, Jo. U. vll. The 
Song of tbe Three Children.Tt. 1, 3-M. viil. The Bong 
of the Three Children, Ft. 1L, Beaedicitt. Ix. Itaanifieat 
anil-BmnlicrijiBaidtoBether. The second song of Moses, 
which is said by the Western Church at the Saturday 
Lauds, is U!<ed only in Lent by the Eastern, and conse* 
ijacTitly a Canon for a festival season has no second ode 
at all. It Is easy to trace the htea of each canticle run* 
-line through its corresponding ode, especially in 1, fl, 
and J. M — (JJIciM, <£c, 0/ the Holy X. Church, 1863, pp. 

2»i-:. 

The tight Odes which are thus based on 
their corresponding Canticles are : — 

Oda. i, Xpiarbs yivvaTiu • oafnVaTC. 

Christ t* barn! Tell forth Bis fame 1 By /. if. 
Nctle, from his Hys. of the E. Church, 1S62, in 
4 st. of 6 1. In 1868 it appeared as " Christ is 
bornl exalt His name! " in the Sanaa Hymnal, 
No, 45, ur.d from thence has passed in the same 
form into other collections. The original text 
w:is restored in thu Hymnary in 1672, No. 1+2. 
In [Ir. Littledale's Office*, tic., it is tr. as " Christ 
la born, Him glorify." 

The remaining Odes are not in C. V. : — 

Ode iil, T0 -jrpo rail al&vteii, 

" Him, of the Father's very Essence." J. M. 
Settle. 

" The Son, before the worlds," B. F. Little- 
(Life, 

Ode. iv, 'P(J£Soj in. rfji 0(jTiji. 

" Rod of the Root of Jesse." /. M. NeaU. 

" Hod of the Hoot of Jesse." S. F. Lilttedalc. 

Ode v, 8(0! &r eiprjwti. 

"Father uf I'eace, and God of Consolation." 
J. M. Kealr. 

" GoJ of Peace, Father of Compassion." R. 
F. Littledale. 

Ode vL w %x\A.yx Va *' 'latfov. 

"As Jonah, issuing from his three days' 
tomb." J. if. Ncale. 

" As the sea-monster vomited." E. F. Little' 
dtle. 

Ode tIL Ol iroIScr ttoe&tltu 

" The Holy Children boldly stand." J. M. 
Xeale. 

"The Children reared in piety." S. F. 
Litthilalc. 

Ode viil. Baifuiros oko^vovi 4 Spoiro£jAor. 

11 The dewy freshness that the furnace flings." 
J. M, Sm'.e. 

"The furnace, shedding dew, portrayed." 
S. F. Littledale 



CHBISTUS DEB 1ST 

Ode iz. KmrHiptov {eWy. 
"0 wondrous mystery, full of passing grace." 
J. M. Ntitie. 

" A mystery strange and wondrous." E, F, 

Littledale. 

The hymn tiifa kai TopiSofor 8av/ta (q. V.) 
("A great and mighty wonder") is from the 
same Office for Christmas Day. [See oreek 
Hjmnsdy, § ivii. SJ [J. J.] 

Christ* e own Mttrtyrs.Traliant cohort 
J. M. Neale. [All Saints.'] Appeared first in 
the Church Timet, Oct 29, 1864, signed J. M. 
N., and after revision, in his Hymns chiefly 
Mediaeval, on the Joys and Qhriet of Faro- 
dite, 1865, and is described by the author ag 
" an attempt of my own ; intended as a pro- 
cessional Hymn for All Saints." It is in 10 
st, of 6 1., and entitled " Christ's own Mar- 
tyrs," pp. 81-84, In 1866 it was republished 
In Neale's Original jSemtenoet, Hymns, &c, pp. 
57-60, with tbe following note on st, i, 1. 2 :— 
Wbite-robed and paimiferoua throng. 

" This word (pslmiferousj has been objected to as not 
English. It occurs, however, in Cudworth, from whom, 
as an Knglisb writer, there is (I take It) no appeal. It 
has been characterised by Archbishop Trench, wboquotui 
from Cudwoith, as * beautiful.' " 

The text of 1865, with the change of st. vii, 
1. 6. " stained " for " veined " was included in 
the Peopled S., 1867, No. 291. [J. J.] 

Christum ducem, Qui per cruoem. 

St. Bonaventura. [Lent,] This is ascribed to 
St. Bonaventura, as a hymn for a LtitU Ojjtee 
of the Pattion, at Lauds, and as such it is 
piven in the various editions of his Works, 
Hone, No. 85, gives the text from mbs. of the 
14th cent, at Strassburg and Karlsrohe, and 
an extended note. BanM, iv. p. 219, repeats 
the text, but not the notes in full. It is 
also given in various medineval books of 
devotion as the Cunnt Collecii and tbe ifor- 
ivhu animae. [W. A, S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. To Ohriat, whos* Croas, By F. Oaksley in his 
Devotions commemorative of the Most Adorable 
Passion of oar Lord and JSavitntr Jesus Christ, 
1S42, in 5 st. of 6 1. In 1364 this vras included, 
unaltered, in Skinner's Daily Service Hymnal. 

I. To Ohiiat, whose Cnaa repaired our lose. This 
hymn, which is No. 258 In the ffymnary, is a 
cento \ st. i., ii., being i, and ii. from the above ; 
st. iii. from Oakeley's tr. of " Qui pressara," and 
st, iv, and v, from his tr. of " Qui jacuisti " in 
the same work. The last two hymus named are 
distinct from the " Christum dacem," and are 
printed in Mone and Laniel, immediately after it, 

Tnuiilationa not in 0, V, : — 

i. Christ, our Leader Mid Redeemer. J. D, Chan&ert, 
18BJ, 

2. To Him who death endured bath. Dr. Edershetm, 
in hie Jvbila Rhythm of St. Bernard, 1BST. [W. T. B.] 

Chrietufl der 1st mein Iieben. [For 
the Dying.'] The oldest accessible form of this 
hymn is in M. Yulpius's Ein sch&n geistlieh Ge- 
sangbuch, Jena, 1609, No. 148, in 7 st of 4 1. 
Wackernagel, v, p. 435, gives this and also 
a second form from a CkrUtlichea GetangbSch* 
kiit, Hamburg, 1612, in 3 st. In the Vim. 
L. 8., 1851, No. 808, st. i.-vti. are as 1669, and 
at. viii. as 1612, According to a tradition, 



CHBISTUS, LtJX 

seemingly baseless, it «u written by Anna, 
*ifeotC<HmtHeiniichof8tolbeig t abontieOO. 
Borne would ascribe it to Simon Graf; who was 
only 6 in 1603. It has been a favourite hymn 
in prospect of death, and was thus sung by bis 
win and children to Heinrich Howes, just 
before his death, Oct 14, 1834, and repeated 
to Queen Elizabeth of Prussia on the third 
dayofAdvent,1873(Koc4,viii.614). 2V,as:— 

1. Hy life it fct* ta Jt*BM, a goal tr. of St, 
i.-vii., by Miss Winkworth, in her C. B. for 
England, 1363, No. 186. 

1. To me to livo is Josns, s tr. of flt. L-iv., vii., 
signed " F. C. C," M No. 289 la Dr. Psgen- 
stecher'a CW(. 1864. 

3. *** me to liv» is Jems, In fall, by R, Cronen- 
wett, as No. 433 in the Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1880. 

OfluWtr*. *M! 

(1) "Oniet is my light and treasure," by •''-£■'''"«<'&*• 
171*, p. S5 fed. llsa, p. »s). (») " In Chita my life Is 
hidden," by JT. L. FrotXinghem, 1S10, p. 148. 

The hymn, " In Christ my life aMdeth," In i n„ con- 
Whuted by A. T. Rnsstlt, Id the Dalston Hospital a. 
Bk„ 1848, No. 108, and repeated In his own .Ft. <t Jfyi., 
1851, No. 2S2, while not a *r. hi based on tbe German. 

[J. M.] 
ChrifituB, Lux indeflciens. [Holy 

Communion.'] This hymn is given in Mone, 
No. 201, in 10 st. of 4 L, from two 14th 
cent MS., at Karlsruhe, one of which belonged 
to the Abbey of Reichenau, Mone adds 
readings and notes. Tr. as : — 

1. Christ, tifht unfaiUne;, with Thy Flesh, by J. 
D, Chambers, 1st in his Companion to the Holy 
Communion, 1855, arid his Lauda Syan, 1857, in 
10 st. of 4 1. In the St. John's (Aberdeen) 
Hymnal, 1870, No. 235, st, 3-4, 7-9 are omitted. 

j, ohriit lbs Light that knows w> waning, by R. 
F. Littltdale, in the Aitar Manual, 1863 ; Lyra 
Eucharatica, 1863, and the People's H., 1867. 

(J. J.] 

ChrUtus tenebris obsitam. Jean 
Baptitte de Santetil. [Epiphany.] Pub. in 
his Hymni Sacri et Novt, 1689, a. IS (ed. 
1698, p. 72), in 4 st. of 4 L In the revised 
Paris Brev* 1736, Bt i-iii were given, with 
the addition of three stanzas from another 
source. The hymn is also found in other 
French Brevs. 'The Parts Brev. text is given 
in Card. Newman's Hymni Ecdesiae, 1833 and 
1865, and is that adopted by the translators, 

[W. A. S.] 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Through Juaah'a land tba Saviour walks, from 
the Paris Brev., by J. Chandler, in hid Hys. of 
the Primitive Church. 1837, in 6 st. of 4 1. This 
is given in no abbreviated form in Kennedy, 1363, 
Ko. 273, and altered to " Through Jewry's dark- 
ness Jesus walks," in the Hymnary, 1872, No. 176. 

Translations not is 0, IX. : — 

1. And now heav'n's growing light Is manifest. J. 
WIKanu, 1S3», 

3. He dwells on earth, along His path. it. ttempftrfl, 
I960, and revised as "The bright and morning star 
arose," from the Campbell JtSS., in Mr, Shipley's Jnnm 
Sttnctm, 1884, 

3. O'er dark Jnde&'B gloomy shores. J. B. Chamber*. 
IBM. [J. J.] 

Church, of England Hymnody. 

ptagbad Hymnody, Church of.] 

Churches of Christ, hy God's right 
hand, J. Conder. [Colonial iKissioras.] Ap- 
peared in his Cong. 3. Bit., 1836, No. 500, in 
4 st of 8 1., and based upon the words, *' Make 



CIVBS CELESTIS patbiae 233 

Straight In the desert a highway for our God." 
It was repeated in The Choir and The Oratory, 
1837, n. 261, and entitled, " The Claims of our 
Colonies." Also in his Hut. of PraUe, Prayer, 
44c, 1836, p. 120. In the New Cong., No. 90S, 
it is given without alteration. It is one of 
the very few hymns which recognizes the 
claims of our colonies upon the prayers and 
assistance, in matters spiritual, of the mother 
country, and as such, although not a hymn of 
any great merit, it ia yet deserving of more 
extended use. [J. J.] 

Churchyard, Thomas* [ou Venioa, 

5 ii.lt. J 

Chnrton, Edward, n.o., a. of the Van, 
Ralph Chorion, sometime Archdeacon of St 
David's and Hector of Middleton Cheney, 
Northampton, was b. in 1800, and educated 
at the Cliarterhouse and Christ Church, Ox- 
ford, where he graduated in honours, in 1821. 
He was for some time one of the Masters at 
Charterhouse. He took Holy Orders in 1826; 
was the flifct Head Master of the Hackney 
Church of England School, 1830 ; Rector of 
Crayke, 1835; Prebendary in York Cathedral, 
1841; and Archdeaconof Cleveland, 1846, He 
d. July 4, 1874. 

Arclideacon Chorton's works include: (1) The Early 
EnglitK Church, 1840. (2) Memoir qf BUkap FtuTton, 
1844. (s) lay of Ibith and Royalty, 1846. (4) 
Jfamoir of Joihua Watsm, 18S1. He also edited several 
works, including Layt of Fbilh and Ijoyally, L84&, 
Ax. He is known to kymnology through his work. 
The Soot of Ptalmt in FitgliiK Verse, 1851. this is 
commonly known as the Cleeetand Psalter. Tlie Pre- 
face Is of more than usual interest and value. Of hie 
renderings of tbe ftalms, some of wbicb are of grout 
excellencs [see Psalters, English, j ix.j, a few have 
come into C. IT., the best known being, " God of grace, 
O let Thy light." The following, mainly in Kennedy, 
1S6S, are from the dtxdanA Flatter .■— 

1. Gome, arise and let us go. Ft. exxseii. 

2. Earth with all iky thousand voices. Ft. txvi. 

3. For ever, Ijord, Thy faithful word. I't. cxix. . 

4. God of truth, all ditbful Lord. Ft. ttliii. 

fi. God my hope, my strength, my King. Ft, glIv. 
ft. God rules in realms of fight. Ft. zciii. 

7. How shall 1 render to my Gud. Fa. exsi. 

8. I lift mine heart to Thee. Ft. xxv. 

ft. If ourGodhadnot befrlendLd. Ft. cxxiu. 
1(1. In Thee, O Lord, I trust. Ft. xzxi, 

11. Lord, bear me, grant my aorrowa boon. Ft.lv. 

11. Lord, hear my suppliant prayer. Ft. exxx. 

13, Lorn, hear the voice of my complaint. I't. »♦ 

14, Lord, 1 have called on Tliee; for 'i'liou. Ft. zeii. 

15, Lord, my heart is witii tbe lowly. Ft. exxxi. 
IS. Lord, ray Rock, to Thee 1 cry. F* . xxeiii. 
11. Lonl, to my sad volte attending. Ft. [xi. 

18. O happy state on earth to see. Ft. exxxiii. 

18. O praise the Lord, .for He is Love, tt.cxxxvi. 

SO. O stand In awe, and fear to Bin. Ft. iv. 

21. RaiseUiepsalmtoGodflllglorious. Ft.*cviii. 

22. Tls the day all days excelling. Ft. raoiii. 
S3. To Thee our giiilty deeds. Ft. xc. 

24. Whenever to Thee 1 make my prayer. Ft. JtPt. 

Archdeacon Chnrton's tre. from the Latin, 
Spanish, and Anglo-Saxon, were included in 
his Poetical Bemaint, Loud., 1876. [J. J.] 

Gives oelestis patriae. Bp. Marbodai. 
[The heavenly Jerusoknl.] This 1 1 ymn i s given 
in Mone, No. 637, from a hs. at Admont dated 
1098, in 16 st. of 6 1. It deals with the 
mystical meaning of the precious stones in the 
foundation of the heavenly Jerusalem, Dr. 
Neale, by whom the tr. in C. IT. was inttde, 
and pub. in his Med. Hys., 1851, p. SB, intixi- 
duccs it with the following preface : — 

" The ruggedness of tbe translation is merely a ropy 
of that of the original lit tlie following poem of Aluroo* 
dus, successlvoly Archdeacon of Angers aod Bishop of 



234 



OLAMANTIS ECCE 



Kennes, who died 1125. Its title, a Prose, clearly proves 
ft to have been intended, if not used, as a Sequence la 
the Hues of soma high festival, probably s dedication. 
The mystical explanation of precious stones is tlie sub- 
ject of the good Bishop's poem de Geansis, -which seems 
in Its time to have obtained a high reputation. The 
Prose, which I here give, is certainly not without its 
beauty; and is a good key to mediaeval allusions of a 
similar hind." 

Dr. Neale appends to his tr. an extensive 
note on the mystical meaning of the precious 
stones, in which he quotes largely from a 
commentary on the prose by Marbodus, The 
tr. is: — 

Ye of the heavenly oountry, ling* It is in 16 
st. of 6 J. A cento, composed of st, i,, iv., xvi. 
was given in the IrviDgite. Hys. for the Use of 
Vie Churches, new ed. 18T0. Beyond this the tr, 
is not in C. V. [J. J.] 

Clamantis ecce vox sonanB. Nicholas 
U Tourneaux. [Epiphany.] This is a hymn 
at first Vespers, during tlie Octavo of the 
Epiphany, and the Baptism of out Lord, in 
the rcvisod Part's Brev. of 1786. It previously 
appeared in theCluniac Breviary, 1686, p. 230. 
TJio text is in Card. Newmans Hymni Ec- 
cleiiae, 1833 and 1865. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, The voiee of one that cries aloud, This tr., 
based on J. Chandler's, was given in J. A. John- 
ston's English Hymnal, 1852, No. 63. In the 
1856 and 1861 editions it was altered to "A 
voice of one that loudly cries." 

2. The Herald'a ory witii thrilling sounds, by X 
D. Chambers, in his Lauda SyoTt, 1857, p. 114. 
On p. 115 of the same work is a tr. of the Noc- 
turn hymn, " Non abluunt lymphae Dcum." 
From these two trs, the hymn, Ho. 175, in the 
Hijmnary, 1872, "The Baptist's cry with thril- 
ling sounds," is composed, st. i., ii. being from 
the first, and st. iii.-vi. from the second. 

Translation* not in C, XT, : — 

1. The voice of him -who cries aloud. tT. chandler. 

liur. 

2. Judea's desert heard a sound. I. Williams, lu 
Jlrit. May., 1S35, and Jfys. from J'ar. Rrev., ls3o. 

'X Hark, iii the wilderness. J?. Campbell, -from the 
Campbell M~SS., In Mr. Shipley's Annus tianctus, iyS4. 

4. Lo the voice of one tbat crieth. W.J. Blew. 1&52. 

[J. J.] 
Clapham, Emma, second daughter of 
John Peolc Clapham, wag b. in Hanover 
Square, Leeds, Oct. 18, IS30, MiBs CJnphntn, 
who has given much timu and attention to 
Sunday Schools and philanthropic work, con- 
tributed under the initials of " K. C." tho fol- 
lowing liynins to the Leeds Sunday Svliool 
H. Bh., ed. 1858, edited by her father :— 

1. Guide of my stops along lift's way. Jesus the 
Guide. 

2. Lord, we meet to pray and praise. Meting of 
Church workers. 

3. Saviour, wliere dwcllcst Thou? Meeting ttf S. 
School ftaehers. 

Miss Clapbam has also contributed several 
pieces to newspapers and the periodical press, 

[J. J.] 

Clapham, John Peele, was b. at Lced*, 
July 7th, 1801, and educated privately, and 
at the Fulncck Moravian School, and the 
Protestant Free Church Grammar School, 
Manchester. He was a nmgistrate for the 
West Hiding cf Yorkshire, mid Treasurer of 
the County Courts iu Yorkshire. He was 
a member of the Congregational hotly, und 



CLAKA DIE1 GAUDIA 

took a warm interest in their religions and 
philanthropic work. Burley, Harrowgate and 
Ilkley were specially benefited by his zeal and 
munificence. His interest in Sunday Schools 
commenced at an early age, and continued to 
his death, on Nov. 19, 1875. In 1838 he 
edited the Leeds Sunday Sclunl Hymn Boots, 
and also the revised edition, 1862, To this 
work lie contributed tlie following hymns 
under the signature of " J. P. 0. " : — 

i. To Hymns Seh and Original, 1833. 

I. God of union, God of love. S. S. Teacher? 
Meeting. 

a. Let us unite to bless the Lord. Sunday. 

3. Our Father, and our heavenly King, jffte Lord'* 
Prayer. 

4. Shall we grieve the Holy Spirit ? ITie tew* of tlie 
Holy Spirit. 

5. Strengthen Thy stakes, extend Thy cords. tbun~ 
dation-stone qf a School. 

6. Sweet is the work, O Lord, to raise. Hew Year. 

7. Thou gracious Father of the i*or. The True 
Hiches. 

s. We dare not God's own holy day. Sunday. 
U. When Jesus at a wondrous feast, feeding the 
Five Thousand. 

ii. To the same Collection, ed. 1858. 

10. A little pilgrim on life's way. Looking unto Jesus. 
" The little pilgrim was no fiction, but a bounie, loving, 
and lovable lad of nearly ten years old, our youngest 
son. He died at school, ifter a week's illness, and the 
refrain of his father's lines — * Jesus, my Saviour, ' were 
the lost words ws could catch before he finished bis 
pilgrimage." Curmen's Biog., Note, p. T. 

II. Accept our glad thanksgiving, Lord. Praise. 
12. Come away from the train. Sunday. 

19. Far too often men are crying. The Gifts of the 
Holy Spirit. 

14. Father In heaven, for Jesus' sake. Grace before 
Meat. 

16. Heavenly Teacher, Light divine. Imitating Christ, 

Jfl. How good and bow pleasant. Praise to God the 
Father. 

11. Now in Christian love and union. (Trace on/ore 
Jfwt. 

18. make us truly wise. Early Piety desired. 

19. Pure religion, Christian Ioyc. Praise to God the 
J/uther. 

20. Tempt us not, ye sons of pleasure. Sunday. 
31, Wo own Thy core, we love Thy word. I'raiee. 

[J. J.j 

Clapp, Eliza Thayer, a resident at 
Dorchester, Massachusetts, U.S., and author 
of Words in tlie Sunday School ; and Studies 
in lleliyion, 1845, contributed at the request 
of Italph W. Emerson three hymns and two 
pocius to Tlie Dial, 1841. Prom one of the 
hymns, in 9 st. of 4 1., pub. in The Dial, July, 
1811, and entitled " Tile future is better than 
the past," the hymn "All before us lies the 
way " (Onward with Confidence) is taken. It 
was given in Hedge & Huntington's Unitarian 
Hys. for tlte Church of Christ, 1853, aud has 
been repeated in severtd collections. It is 
usually attributed to Emerson, but in error, 
(George Cooke, in Journal of Speculative 
Philosophy, 1885.) [T. D. D.] 

Clara die! gaudia. [St. Anne.'] The 
dates given to this hymn are uncertain, and 
range from the 9th to the 13th cent. Mone, 
No. 791, gives the text from ilea, nt Freiburg, 
and in the Library of tho Lyceum atCoustanz, 
of the I5th cent. He adds a few readings to 
the text. Daniel, i. 28E», iv. 175, refers to 
several Breviaries of the 16th cent., but none 
earlier than 1500, and to a ks. of the 1 Itb or 
12th cent, belonging to the town Library of 
Hamburg. [W. A. 8.] 



CLARK, ALEXANDER 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Spotless Ansa! Juda's gleiy, by E, Caswall, 
In his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 263, in 6 at. of 
4 ]. On republishing it in his Hymns, Sic, 1873, 
p, 188, he added an original refrain. This refrain 
is a special invocation of St. Anne. In the 2nd 
eJ. of the Appendix to Hymnal If., 1863, it was 
altered as, " Holy Anna, Juda's glory," and from 
thence it passed into the Peoples H., 1867. In 
the Roman Catholic Hys. for the Year, h.d., it is 
given ns M Blessed Anna, Juda's gloTy," In T. 
Chamberlain's Hys. used at the Church of St. 
Thomas the Martyr, Oxford, 1861, No. 149, st. 
i.-iiL are by Cnswall, and st. iv., 7. by T. Cham' 
bcrlain, [J. J.] 

Clark, Alexander, d.d., b. March 10, 
1835, d. July 0, 1879. Dr. Clark wos_ for 
many years a Minister of the American 
Methodist Episcopal Church, and the editor of 
the Methodist Recorder, pub, at Pittsburgh. 
Two of his hymns ; — 

1. Heavenly Father, bless me now. Lent. 

2. Hoke room for Jesus. Lent. 

arc given in I. D. Sankey's Sac. 8. & Solo*. 

Clark, Charles, b. in London, April 19, 
1838, was educated for the ministry at the 
Baptist College, Nottingham, and in 1862 
became minister at North Parade Chapel, 
Halifax. Ho was subsequently minister at 
Blazepond, London ; Broadmead, Bristol ; 
Albert Street, Melbourne, Australia ; and is 
now (1885) pastor of the Baptist Church, 
Haven Green, Ealing. His hymn for children, 
" Jesus, holy Saviour, Shepherd of the sheep," 
was contributed to the SiJiool Hymnal (Lond., 
1880). [W. R. S.] 

Clark, John Haldenby, m.a., b. at 
Chesterfield, Derbyshire, Jon, 28, 1839, and 
educated at the Grammar School there, and 
at St. John's Coll., Cambridge, where ho 
graduated in 1861. On taking Holy Orders, 
he became Curate of Barinby Moor and 
Fangfoss. After labouring in various parishes 
ho became, in 1870, Vicar of West Dereham, 
Norfolk. Mr. Clark is known through his 
translation, " Soldiers, who are Christ's below." 
In 1 880 he pub. The Marriage of Carta, and 
Other Verses ; Lynn. It contains a few trt. 
from the Latin, in addition to original verse. 
He d. April 14, 1888. [■!. J.] 

Clark, Willis Gaylord, b. at Otisco, 
Onondaga County, New York, 1810, d. Juno 
12, 1811. He was sometime editor of the 
Philadelphia Gazette, and contributed to the 
Knickerbocker Magazine. His poetical writings 
were published in 1840. His hymn : — 

Tb have met in peace together, was written 
for the 8th Anniversary of the American Sunday 
School Union, 1832. It is unknown to the 
English collections, [P. M. B.] 

Clarke, James Freeman, d.d., is a 
grandson of James Freeman (q. v.), from 
whom he was named. He was b. nt Hanover, 
New Hampshire, April 4, 1810, aad graduated 
at Harvard College, in Aits, in 1820, and 
in Divinity, 1833. Receiving ordination ns a 
Unitarian Minister, he was Pastor at Louis- 
ville, Kentucky, from 1833 to 1840; of tho 
Church of the Disciples, Boston, from 1811 
to 1850; aud also from 1853. Dr. Clarke 



CLARKE, SAMUEL C. 235 

for some time edited, whilst at Louisville, The 
Western Messenger, and is the author of 
Orthodoxy, its Truths and Errors, 1866 ; Tke 
Christian Doctrine of Forgiveness, 1852 ; The 
Christian Doctrine of Prayer, 1854, and other 
works. In 1844 he published tho Hymn Booh 
for the Church of the Disciples. This he 
enlarged in 1852. To each edition he contri- 
buted^ five hymns. Of these ten hymns five 
are found in the Lyra Sac Amer. The best 
known of Dr, Clarke's hymns are : — 

1. Father, to u» Thy ehildrea, humUy kneetutg. 
[Holy thoughts desired.'] I>r. Clarke says this 
was manufactured from : — 

3. Jjiflnite Spirit, who art round ns over [Holy 
thoughts desired], which " was written in Ken- 
tucky about 1833, and printed in the Dial soon 
after." 

S, Brother, hart thou wandered fart [JXe 
Prodigal Son.] This appeared in his Disciples' 
H, Bk., 1844, and is somewhat extensively used. 
It appeared in an abbreviated form as, " Hast 
thou wasted all the powers?" beginning with 
st. ii., in Hys. for the Church of Christ, Bos- 
ton, 1853 ; Beecher*s Plymouth Coll., 1855, and 
subsequently in others in G. Britain and 
America. The nest three are also in one or two 
English collections. 

4. To The*, God, in heaven, [Holy Baptism.] 
1844. 

ff. To Him who ehildren biassed. [Holy Bap. 
tiim.] 1844. 

0. Dear Friend, whoso presenee in the house. 
[Christ's presence desired.] 1855. The beauty 
and value of this last hymn have been partly, 
and deserve to be more fully, recognized. It is 
found in Lyra Sac. Amer., which also has the 
following on " The Protestant Reformation " :— 

7. Tar all Thy gifts we praise The*, Lord, This 
hymn was sung at the oollatio'i given by the 
Unitarians of New York and Brooklyn to the 
Members of the Convention assembled in the 
foTiner city, Oct. 22, 1845. As originally written 
it contained 8 st. ; the last two arc omitted from 
both Lyra Sac. Amer. and Putnam's Singers and 
Songs of the Liberal Faith. [F. M. B.] 

Clarke, Samuel Childs, m.a., b. Jan. C, 
1821, and educated at Queen's College and 
St. Mary Hall, Oxford, graduating B.A., 1844, 
and m.a. 1816. On taking Holy Orders ho 
becomo successively Curate of Thorverton, 
and of Dawlisb, Devon ; YicaT of St. Thomas 
by-Launceston, and Head Master of tho Laun- 
ceston Grammar School, and Vicar of Thor- 
verton, 1875; and Hon. Sec. of the Eietcr 
Board of Education. Mr. Clarke has pub. 
some educational works : Tiianghts in Verse 
from a Village Churchman's Note Book, 1848, 
and Services of Song for Christinas, Passiontide, 
Ascension, Harvest (8. P. C. K. catalogue). 
Advent, Eastertide, Missionary, Flower, and 
Children's Services. These Services of Song 
have been sanctioned for use in churches by 
the Bishops of Exeter and Salisbury. Mr, 
Clarke's hymns include :-— 

1. All hail, all lull to tht natal day. Christmas. 
Contributed to the I'ftrisK Church Hymnal. 

2. Framer of tbe light. Morning. In the Parith Ch. 
ll'jl., and Mrs. Brocks Children's If. JJk., IS8I, 

3. (tost Giver of all good, to Thee again. Harvest . 
This Is tlie bost kooAvo of oar author's hyums. It was 
first printed in the Statical IPimei, 1SS3, with music by 
Bamby. In 18GS it was included In the Appendix to 



236 CLAEUM DECUS JEJUNH 

the S. F. C. K. Pt. and fljfi., in 18TS In the January, 
end sfudnln many other collections. 

1, InsnThoudMstwhiiehereoaeaitlL St. Uiomat. 
hi Mrs. Brock's CkO&rm'i B. Bh., 1B81. 

I. In humble sdorttioii. Laying of the foundation* 
statu 0/ a fi*ti«*. la Harlaud's Sub*. •» <*■ Wuliw 
and Zfymnal, 18T8. 

6. Jesus, on this Tflsssnd mom. Christmas. In the 
iYwtsi C». Byl. 

t. Lord, most holy, God most might/. *br 1 rowltert 
and oownt en<*. In the Borne B. Bk., 1884, by H. P. 
Hawkins. 

ft. Lord of tiift new ereatfen, £u?i<Zay Morning. In 
the fMri»* C*. fljJ. 

9. Voir a new toot opens. rte Jftu JThw. In Mb. 
Brock's Children's B. Bit., 1H8I, and one 01 two Ameri- 
can collections. 

10. Odarkanddreairday. Good ftitfaji. InSiifipt. 
to Hartsnd's Cfc. JTjrf. ; His. Brock's OHWreit'i IT. Bk, 

II. Lord, it I* e> joyM thing-. A«b<«j, In the 
Parity £*. jqil., ftc 

It. rhoa whii dwelleit in etemitj. ffettftmJ. In 
Suppl. to Hsrland'e Cn. £%l, 1878. 

IS. One* moie the sheaves an gathered. XarPtst. In 
Sttopt. to Hsrland's £&. ITyE., the author's Barvat-tide 
Service of Song, be., 1ST8. 

11. Thou who through shades of night. Evening. 
In the .FaKifc C&. Bgl., *c. 

tti addition to these hymns, most of those 
given in Mr. Clarke's Services of Song are 
his composition, as are also the 19 in Lis 
Services for Children. Lond., Pitman, w.D. 
Some of these are initialled ** S. C. C." Taken 
as a whole these hymns are a good addition to 
tlio common store for Special Occasions, and 
should bo consulted by hymn-book compilers. 
He d. Feb. 22, 1903. [J. J.] 

Clarum dscus jejuni!. 8t Gregory the 
Great. [Lent] The oldest form of this hymn 
is in two »ss. of the 11th cent, in the Brit 
Mus. (Vesp. D. xii. f. 52 ; Hari. 29C1 f, 23S b), 
and from a us. of the 1 1th cent, at Durham 
in J ho Latin Hys. of the Anglo-Saxon Ghareh, 
1851, p. 65. It is also given in various edi- 
tions of St Gregory's Works ; in Migae, torn. 
178, col. 849 ; Daniel, i.. No. 148 ; JnW, No. 
71 ; Hymn. Sarisb., 1851 ; Card. Newman's 
Eymni Ecclesiae, 1838 and 18(13, and others. 
The use of the iiymn in England was exten- 
sive. It Li found in the Sarum, Yurh, Can- 
terburt/, Worcester, and other English Brevs. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, The shining glory of the fast, by R. F. 
Uttledale, made for and 1st pub. in the People's 
II., 1867, with the signature " P. C. R." 

S. Good It is to keep the tut, by Sir H. W. 
Baker, written for H.A. # M., 1875. 

3. Trom heaven, in glorious beauty shewn. In 
the AntipAoner and Grail, 1880, and from thence 
into the Hymner, 1882, No, 49. 

Ttanslatieiu set In C. V, : — 

1. Fast's honour bright from Ileaven cotne down. 
IK J. Cepeland. 1MB. 

St. High token of the fist of Lent, W, J, Bluw. 
1S5S-M. 

3. Whst hononr hath the fust of Lent, J. D. 
Chamber*. 1BS7. 

4. That fasting serves a holy end. J. W. Htwett. 

1859. 

». Depths of love with power divine, Ifi/roan. 1880. 

.[J. J.] 

Claudius, M&tthias, s. of Matthias 
Claudius, Lutheran pastor at Reinfeld in 
Bolstein (near Liibeck), was b. at Reinfeld, 
Aug. 15, 1740. An ancestor, who died as a 
Lutheran p&Btor in 1586, had Latinized his 
name, Glaus Paulsen, to Claudius Fault, and 
bis descendants had ad<>pted Claudius (is their 
surname. Claudius entered the University 
of Jena, in 1759, as a student of theology, but 



CLAUDIUS, MATTHIAS 

being troubled with an affection of the chest 
and finding little attraction in the Boiionalism 
of Jens, lie turned his attention to law and 
languages. After a short visit to Copenhagen, 
as private secretary to a Danish count, he 
joined in 1768 the staff of the Hamburg News 
Agt^j(Adress~Gomptairnachriekteity. Remov- 
ing to Wandsbeck, near Hamburg, he under- 
took in 1771 the editing of the literary portion 
of the Wandsbeeker Bote, and contributed a 
number of his poems to the GSttingen Mttsen- 
Almanaeh. In 1776 he was appointed one of 
the Commissioners of Agriculture and Manu- 
factures of Hesse-Darmstadt, and in 1777 
editor of the official Hesse-Darmstadt news- 
paper, which he conducted in the same 
spirit as his Wandsbeck Bote. At Darmstadt 
he became acquainted with Goethe (then 
living mar by at Frankfort), and with a circle 
of freethinking philosophers. Daring a severe 
illness in 1777, he realised, however, the spiri- 
tual emptiness of the life at Darmstadt; the 
buried seeds sown in bis youth sprang up; 
and he once more became in faith as a little 
child. Renouncing position and income, he 
returned to Wandsbeck to re-edit the Bote, 
which he conducted in a distinctively Chris- 
tian spirit. In 1788 bo was appointed by the 
Crown Prince of Denmark auditor of the 
Schkswig-Hol stein Bank at Altous, but con- 
tinued to reside at Wandsbeck till 1813, when 
he was forced by the war to floe, and was 
unable to return till Hay, 1814, The next 
year he removed to the house of his eldest 
daughter in Hamburg, and d. there Jan. 21, 
1815 {Koch, vi. 417-429 ; AUg. Jteatsclie Biog., 
iv. 279-281). His fugitivo pieces appeared 
in two parts as Jsmws omnia sua secum poitam; 
oder tSmmUiche Werke dei Wandtbecker 
Bothen, Wandsbeck and Hamburg, 1774 (pt 
iii. 1777, iv. 1782, v. 1789, vi. 1797, vii. 1802, 
viii. 1812). While much of bis poetry was 
distinctively Christian in its spirit, and many 
of his pieces might rank as popular sacred 
song*, yet he wrote no hymns designed for 
use in Church. TJiree pieces have, however, 
passed into the German hymn-books, all of 
which have been tr. into English, viz. ; — 

i. Bss Orsb ist leer, das Grab ist leer. [Easter.'] 
1st pub. in pt. viii., 1812, as above, p. 121, in 
10 St. Tr. as "The grave is empty now, its 
prey," by Br. H. Mills, 1S5U, printed in SchaiTs 
Christ in Song, 1870. 

ii. Tier Mond ist ssfgegangen. [jEceninj.] Ilia 
finest hymn, conceived in a child-like, popular 
spirit — a companion to the more fsmoua hymn* 
"Nan ruhennlle Waldcr"(q. v.). According to 
tradition it was composed during his residence 
at Darmstadt, 176^, while walking on the so- 
called Schnempelweg, a foot-path leading by 
the river-side up to the Odenwald. 1st pub. in 
J, H. Vosa's Musen~Almanach, Hamburg, 1779, 
p. 184, and then in pt. iv., 1782, as above, it. 
57, in 7 St. of 6 1. Included as No. 452 in the 
Oldenburg Q. B., 1791, as So. 570 ia the 
Wilrtteiitberg G. B., 1842, and No. 509 in the 
Vim. L. 8., 1851. The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

The silent moon is risen, good and full, ns No. 
322, in the Ohio Lttth. Hymnal, 1880, 

Other tra. are ; — 

(1) "The fair moon hnth aftcctidet!." in the British 
Magazine, Nov. 1831, p. Bis. (a) •' The moon on high 



CLAUDIUS, MATTHIAS 

Is beaming," ,by.ff.^. BaeXatt, 1843, p. 105. (3) "The 
moon bath risen on Man," by JK» WlubworM, 1BU, p. 
Mil [ISTe, p. 131). (4J " The moon up heaven Is goinB, 
by J. D. .Burns, In Comity ITeMWJF, I960, p. ^re- 
peated in bis Jfemoir, law, p. Ms. (8) " The moon la 
upwards cwnblng," by Miu Maxingten, 1B83, p. M. 
(I) " The moon ia up In splendour," by E. Massle, 1BS8, 

E. HE. (t) "The moon hath risen clew," In Alice 
najfsTrt.frvm German PwU,l#lt,v. 11. (8). "The 
moan le up end burning," In Mn. A. \Y. Johne'e Ori- 
ginal Peewu and Itt., 1888, p. 81. 

iiL Im Anfeng war's auf Sides, [Harvest.'] 
1st pnb. in pt. iv,, 1782, at above, p. 42, in 17 at. 
of 4 1., and chorus (tee also 6. W. Fink's Jfiwiia- 
lischer Batttschat* der Destscten, Altons, 1860, 
No. 77). It occurs in a ikttch entitled, Paul 
JJrttoHnm's -Fas*. The neighbour* are represented 
at coming to Paul'a house and there singing this 
so-called " Feasant*' Song," the last four sts. of 
which specially relate to the occasion ; the 
stanzas being sung as a solo, and all joining in 
the chorus. It can hardly be called a hymn, 
though it has passed into a few German hymnals 
principally for use in school. Beginning, "Auf I 
lassetGott tins loben," 10 st§. were included as No, 
483 in the Oldenburg G. B., 1791. In T. Flied- 
nei's Liederbuch, Kaiserswerth, 1843, No. 95 
begins with st. vii., " Was nah ist and was 
feme." The form most popular is that begin- 
ning with st. iii., " Wir pfliigen und wir streuen," 
as in Dr. Wichern's Utaert Lieder, Hamburg, 
1844, No. 55, and other collections. The st& 
of the original which most nearly answer to 
the English versions are: — 



Wir 



iiL 

pflOgen 



and wir 



Den Simen auf das Land ; 
Docn Waobsthnni and Ge- 

deyen 
Bteht nkht In unsrer Band. 
Alls guts Gabs 
KSmmt oben her, van 

Gott, 
Tom schonen 
Htmmel herab. 



DersendetTueu uodRegen, 
Und Sons- und Monaen- 



Der wickelt Gottes Seegen 
Gw nrt und kOnetllch eln. 

vH. 
Was nth 1st and was ferae, 
Von Gott konunt alios her I 



und die 



Der Strohhatm 

Sterne, 
Bar Sperling; and das Heer. 

lx. 
EryErnmcht Sonnauffceben, 
Er stellt des Hondas heat, 
Er liast die WEnde wehen, 
Er thut den Himmel auf. 

x. 

Er schenkt una Vieh nnd 

Freude. 
Er macnt uns nisch nnd 

nth, 
Br get* den Kflhen Weide, 
Und unsern Ktndern Brodt, 

itll. 

Dsrum, eo woll'n wtr loben, 
Und loben tmmer dar 
Den gweaen Geber obea, 
Er lata E und er tsts gar 1 



The popular If somewhat boisterous tune usually set 
to tnlshymn (as in if. A. * Jf.)l» by J. A. P. Sotwli. 
The melody given In 1V82 Is safe* there to be Italian, and 
is not united to the chorus popular In England. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

t. We plough the field* and natter, by Miss J. 
M. Campbell, contributed to the Rev. C. 8. Here's 
Garland of Hongs, Lond., 1861, p. 01 (later eds, 
p. 27). A free rendering in 3 st. of 8 L, with 
chorus, entitled, ** Thanksgiving for the Har- 
vest." Since its reception into the Appendix to 
H. A.fM„ 1868 (No. 360, od. 1875, No. 383), 
it has passed into numerona hymnals in G, Brit, 
and America. In Turing's Coil, 1882, No. 609, 
at. It., " Our souls, Blest Saviour, gather," ia an 
original st. by Rev. H. Dowuton, added to supply 
some distinctly Christian expressions to the hymn, 
and lit pub. in the Record newspaper in 1875. 

I. We plough the tettDe meadows. Of this tr. 
there are two forms greatly differing, both 
ascribed to Dr. S. F. Smith, but whether either 
form is really by him we have failed to ascertain. 
What aeema to be the original form, in 6 st, of 



CLAUSNITZER, TOBIAS 237 

4 i. arid chorus, is found in the Meth. Free CA. 
S. 8. By$. ; Cur wen's AVw Child's Otcti B. Bk., 
be. The other form, in 3 st. of 8 1. and chorus, 
is in Alton's 8app. Hys. ; N. Cong., 4c. 

I. Wo plough the ground, we sow tin seed, in 
4 st. of 8 1. with chorus, without name of fr., ia 
No. 215 in G. S. Jellicoe's Ootl., 1867. [J. M.] 

Clausnitzer, Tobias, b. at Thum, near 
Annaberg, in Saxony, probably <m Feb. 5, 1619. 
After studying at various Universities, and 
Anally at Leipzig (where he graduated k.a. 
in 1643), ho was appointed, in 1644, chaplain 
to a Swedish regiment. In that capacity he 
preached the thanksgiving sermon in St. 
Thomas's Churoh, Leipzig, on "Beminisoere" 
Sunday, 1615 (ii. Sunday in Lent) ou the ac- 
cession of Christina as Queen of Sweden; as 
also the thanksgiving sermon at the field ser- 
vice held by command of General Wrangel, at 
Weiden, in the Upper Palatine, on January 1, 
1649, after the conotnaion of the Peace of West- 
phalia. In 1649 ho was appointed first pastor 
at Weiden, and remained there (being also 
appointed later a member of the Consistory, 
and inspector of the district,) till his death, 
on May 7, 1684 {Koch, iii. 854, 355 • AUg. 
Deutsche Biog., iv. 297 : Bode, p. 58 ; its. from 
Pastor Elinlcbardt, Thorn). Three hymnB 
by him are known as follows : — 

L Jean debt betruhte* Leiden. [FassioTttidc.] 
1st pnb. in his Paitiom-Blume, Niirnberg, 1662, 
a volume containing 12 sermons on the Passion 
of our Lord. The hymn appears at p. 17, in 
7 st. of 6 1. entitled, " CUusnker's Passion-Hymn 
which may be sung with each Meditation." 
This form is No. 496 in Burg's 9, B,, Breslau, 
1746. This hymn has passed into English 
through a recast, probably by Gensch von Brei- 
tenau, beginning, "Herr Jesu, delne Angst nnd 
Pein," in 6 st. of 7 I, 1st pub. in the FoHitoV 
t%e» Q. B., P16en, 1675, No. 41, repeated as 
No. 101 in the Prro. L. 8., 1851. The only 
tr. in C. U. is :— 

Lard Teeut may thy grief and pain, a good tr. 
of st. i., iii., vi., bv A. T. Russell, as No. 84 in his 
Ps. and Hys-, 1851. 

II, Ibbater Jesu wir aind hler, Sieh und Debt 
Wort Bjurahorea. [PuWfo Worship."] 1st pub. in 
the Altdorffitchea a&ang-Btehltin, 1663, No. 20, 
in 3 at. of 6 L, as a Sunday Hymn for use before 
Sermon. It appeared with Clnusnitzer's name 
in the Niirnberg Q. B., 1676, No. 891, and has 
since come into universal use. In the Berlin G, 
L. &, ed. 1863, No. 1062. Ih as:— 

1, Grudeue Jeau! in Thy name, a good and 
full tr. by A. T. Russell, as No. 82 in theDalston 
Hospital B. Bk., 1848. Included as No. 454 in 
the ed., 1857, of Mercer's C. P. if H. Bk. 
(Ox. ed. 1864, No. 56, considerably altered with 
st. i : . 1. 4, iii. 11. 1^1, from Miss Wiukworth, 
and a doxology added). 

t. dnoioua Jean J we are here, a recast of his 
1848 tr., made by A, T. Russell for his Ps. rf- 
ffys., 1851, No. 19. 

S, SavleUT, in Thy house of prayer, a good nnd 
full tr, aa No. 13 in J. F. Thrupp's Ps. £ Mys., 
1853, repeated in Maurice's Coll., 1861, No. 634. 
In Kennedy, 1863, No. 1251, altered and begin- 
ning, " Saviour, to Thy bouse of prayer." 

4. Blessed Jesus, at Thy word, a full and good 
tr. by Miss VTinkworth in her Lyra Oct., 2nd 



238 CLEFT ABE TILE E0CK8 

Scries, 1858, p. 68, repcatod inner C. B.for Eng- 
land, 1803, No. 12. Included in the Eng. Pi'esb. 
Ps. $■ Hys., 1367, and others ; and in America, in 
the Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bk,, 18S8 ; Evarvj. 
Hymnal, N. Y., 1880, nnd others. 

t. Bear Laid, to hear Thee and Thy -word, a 
Rood tr. by Mrs. 1,. C. Smith ; included as No. 
50 in Dr. Stevenson's II. for Ch. ty Home, 1B73. 

Tn. not in 0. V. ! — 

(1) " Dearest Jean ! we an here, Thee to hear/' by J. 
C. Jacobi (1M0, p. 32 ; Has, p. 43 ; 1132, p. n. alt.). 
In the Moravian H. Bk., 1180, No. VI (IMS, No. 3\ 
recast by C. J. Iatrobe. (a) " Dearest Jcsu, wc are 
licre, for to hear," as No. 432 in pt. 1. of the Moravian 
B. Bk*, 11M. (3) "Here in Th y presence we appear," 
by J, Swertner, oa No. 10 In the Moravian H Uk., 
1T8& (188*, No. S). (4) "Blessed Jeans, we are 
here," by Jfit) Matnington, 1863,p,146. (6) "Precious 
Jesus 1 here are we," in the British /ftrow, Nov, 1S66, 
p. 360, repeated in Rcld's Praise Bk,, Wa, No. 41 ». 
16) " [)ear Redeemer, we are here," by JV. L. Frothing' 
A™, 1810, p. Mi.. 

iii. TFir glaubsn all an einen Gott, Vater, Sohn 
nnd heilfen 9ei*t, V Trinity Sunday,'] 1st ap- 
peared in the Culmbach-Bnyrcuth O. B., 1G08, 
p. 133, with the initials « C. A. D." With 
Ulausni tier's name it was included as Ko. 572 
in the Niirnberg G. !>., 1676, in 3 st, of 6 1. 
In the Bavarian G. B., 1854. Tr. as :— 

1. We all believe in One true God, Father, Son 
and Self Ghost, in full by Miss Winkworth in 
her C. B. for England, 1863, Ko. 75, and thence 
as No*. 118 in the Americiin Meth. Epis. Hymnal, 
1878, nnd the Evang. Assoc. H. JJi.,1882, Ko. 64. 

8. On* true God we all oonfeu, by E. Cronon- 
wett,as Ko. 209 in the Ohio Lath. Hymnal, 1880. 

[J. M.] 

Cleft are the rocks, the earth doth 
quake. [Good Friday.'] ThiB hymn is soine- 
timcB attributed to Bp. Hebcr, but in error. 
It appeared in his posthumous Bymnt, &c, 
1827, pp. 64-5, in 7 st. of 5 L, and no "Anon." 
Two centos therefrom have come into C. U. : — 

1, " Cleft are the rocks," &c>, tn Alford's Ps. and fly*., 
1914, and his fear of Praise, 1867. This is composed 
of tf.i..il,tv„vl]. 

2. " Despised is the Man of grief," In Dr. Martineau's 
Hgmns,tx., IBM) and his Z/yt. of P. and Prayer, 18*3: 
being St. ill., v., end vl. considerably altered. 

These centos are usually ascribed to ''0. 
Dawson," but upon what authority wo cannot 
determine. [J, J.J 

Clemens, Titos Flavius (Clemens 
AlexandrLmiB), Bt. Clement of Alex- 
andria, was b. possibly at Athens (although 
on this point there is no certain information) 
about A.D. 170. His full name, Titus Flavins 
Clemens, is given by Eusebius (H. E., vL 13) 
and Photius (Cod. Ill), but of his parentage 
there is no record. Studious, and anxious to 
satisfy bis mind on the highest subjects, ho is 
said to have been a Btoio and Eclectic, nnd a 
seeker after truth amongst Greek, Assyrian, 
Egyptian, and Jewish teachers. Ho himself 
enumerates six teachers of eminenco under 
whom he studied the " true tradition of the 
blessed doctrine of the holy apostles." At 
Alexandria he came under the teaching of 
Pantwnns, and embraced Christianity, Pan- 
teenus being at the time the master of the 
Catechetical School in that city. On the 
retirement of Panttenus from the scliool for 
missionary work, Clement became its head, 
cir. 190, and retained tlio position to 203, 
His pupils were numerous, and soiao of them 



CLEPHANE, ELIZABETH C. 

of note, including Qrigcn, and Alexander, after- 
wards Bp. of Jerusalem. Driven from Alex- 
andria by the persecution under Severns 
(202-203), ho wandored forth, it is not known 
whither. The last notice wo havo of him in 
history is in a letter or congratulation by his 
old pupil, Alexander, then Bp, of Cnppodooin, 
to tlie Church of Antioeh, on the appoint- 
ment of Asolopiadcs to the bishopric or tliat 
city. This letter, dated 211, seems to 
havo been conveyed to Antiooh by Clement. 
Beyond this nothing is known, either concern- 
ing his subsequent life or death, although the 
latter is sometimes dated a.tj. 220. 

The works of Clement are ten in all. Of these, the 
only work with which we have to do is Tfte Tutor, 
& nmoKycuyot, in three hunks. The first book describes 
the Tutor, who la the Ward Himself, the children whom 
He trains (Christian men and women), and his method 
oT instruction. The second book contains general in- 
structions as to dally life in eating, drinking, furniture, 
sleep. So. ; and the third, after an inquiry into tike nature 
of true beanty, goes on to condemn extravagance in dress, 
fcc, both in men and women. Appended to thla work. 
In the printed editions, are two poems ; the first, " A 
Hymn of tie Saviour " (*¥>,« ™S 35«TW»t Xjkotov}, 
and the second, an address "To the Tutor Jp (Ets tw 
rtcuAccycvyoiO. The Drat, beginning, Xto^udv iwAhp 
oSour, la attributed to Cisment in those uss. In which it 
la found; but It la supposed by some to be or an earlier 
date : the second is generally regarded as by a later hand 
(see Greek Bymnody, ) Hi. For lint of Mas. In which 
" The Tutor" la given, and for fuller details of Clement 
see Diet, of Christian Biog,, pp. 059-58J). 

The " Hymn of the Saviour," tho earliest 
known Christian hymn, has been tr. .into 
English as follows : — 

l^ofiiov ir&Kav iSauv. The earliest tr. is 
"Shepherd of tender youth," This is by Dr. 
H. M. Dexter (q. v.). It was written in 1846, 
first pnb. in The Congregationalist [of which 
Dexter was editor], Dec. 21, 1849, and is in 
extensive use in the United States, In Gt. 
Britain it is also given in several collections, in- 
cluding the N. Cony., 1850 ; Bap. Ps. # Hys., 
1858; the R. T. Society's Coll., &c. 

There are also trs. not In C. U., viz. : (1) " Bridle of 
colts untamed," by Dr. W. L. Alexander, in the Ante* 
yicetw CVwist. Lib., vol. iv. p. 3J3{ see also p. 34a. 
[!) "Bridle of coltaunUnght,''.by Dr. H . Bonar, in Ths 
Sunday at Some, 1818, p. 11.' (3) Another tr, is by 
tho Rev. A. W. ChatBcld, In his Srngt and Hys. of tke 
Earliest Orttk (Sirittian Puts, 1B)«. Mr. Cbatfleld, 
following the Anth. Graaa Car. Christ., 1S71, p. ST, 
be^dna with the eleventh line: SovtAcv dy'up, )uAyt 
irwfiaiiaTwp. "O Thou, the King of Saints, all-conquer^ 
log Word." His tr, extends to 40 llnca. [J, J.l 

Clephane, Elisabeth. Cecilia, third 
daughter of Andrew Clephane, Sheriff of 
Fife, was b. at Edinburgh, June 18, J830, 
and d. at Bridgend House, near Melrose, Fob. 
19, 1869. Her hymns appeared, almost all for 
the first time, in tho Family Treasury, under 
the general title of Breathings on the Border. 
In publishing tho first of theso in the Trea- 
sury, the late Kev. W. Arnot of Edinburgh, 
then editor, thus introduced thorn: — 

" These lines express the experiences, the hopca, and 
thelongingeofayoungChrlstianUtelyrelciised. Writ- 
ten on the veiy edge of this life, with the better land 
fulljt in the view of faith, they seem to us footsteps 
printed on the sands of Time, where these sands touch 
the ocean of £tendty. These footprints of one whom 
the Good Shepherd led through the wilderness into rest, 
may, with God's blessing, contribute to comfort and 
direct succeeding pilgrims. 

The hymns, together with their datcs.are:— 
1. Beneath the cross of Jesus. P. Tres., r'12, p, sss. 
3. 11m eyes for ever closed. F. Tres,, lala, p. 3S9, 



CLEVELAND, BENJAMIN. 

5. Who climlwlh up too al^h. F. Trti., lit J, p. Ma. 
4. Into His summer garden. F. Tres^ 1813, p. 246. 
(I. From my dwelling midst the dead. J. lre»,, 1813, 

p. 366. 

6, The day Ifl drawing nearly done. JV IVer, 18T3, 
p. 3S9. 

T. Life-light waiieth to an end. F. Tret., I8T4, p. 68*. 
B. There were ninety and nine that safely lay. F.Tres., 
1«»4, p. 636. 
OftlieseNoe. 1 and 8 are hi C D. [J. M.] 

Cleveland, Benjamin. Probably a Bap- 
tist, but known only byhisfljrmnsoniK^krenf 
Spiri'tiwI Subjects, in Itoi JPorte, whereof the 
1th ed. appeared in Norwich, Connecticut, 
1702. He is the author of :— 

Mali I And from day to day. [Longing for 
Christ,'] Tnia was preserved from oblivion by 
the Bartfard 8d., 1799, and is dow in general 
use as altered and abridged to 4. at. by Nettluton, 
in liie Village Hymns, 1834, So. 145. What is 
supposed to be the original text of the first four 
stanzas is found in Dr. Hatfield's Church H. BL, 
1872, No. 87S. [F. M. R] 

Cleveland, Charles Dexter, ll.d., b. at 
Balem, Mass., Deo. 3, 1802, and graduated at 
Dartmouth, 1827. Professor of Latin and 
Greek in Dickinson Coll., Pennsylvania, 1830, 
and of Latin in the University of New York, 
1832. In 1834 he opened a seminary for 
young ladies in Philadelphia. He d. Aug. 18, 
18G9. 

In 1850 he published A Compendium of Bnglitk Lite* 
ratttre i in isas, another of American Literature ; and 
In IBBi, a third of Ctaaicat Literature, in addition to 
other works. Hia Lyra Saera Americana, 186S, widely 
Known in England, and from which many bytone have 
been introdured into the English hymnals, is inadequate 
and wholly uncritical, hut it is better than Rider's Lyra 
Americana, 1866 (which was reprinted In eubatenc* by 
the E. 1'. S,, Ion., 1886), and the Biographical sketches 
appended to It have some value. [F, M. B.J 

Clifford, C. lb, a ntm de plume of Mrt. 
Fan Alttyne (q. v.). 

Cling to the Crucified, H. Bonar. 
[Abiding in Christ.] Contributed to his Bible 
H. Bk„ 1845, No. 268, in 2 st. of 12 1., and 
based upon i. John ii. 28, "Atudo in Him." 
It was rcueated in his Ilyt. of Faith d> Hope, 
1857, and in several hymn-booka, including 
the H, Clomp., &o. In the N. Cong, nnd 
Alton's fttppi. Hyt. it is altered to *' Abide in 
Him, abide." 

Cling to the Mighty One. H. Bennett. 
[That in Jesus.] This hymn is usually dated 
1861. It was given aB No. 3 in bis Hymns, by 
H. B., 1867, in 3 st of 8 1. It is found in 
several collections in G. Britain and America, 
as in Snepp's 8. of G. & G., 1872; Hyt. <fc 
& ofPrai*v, N. Y. 1874, and others. 

Clothed in majesty sublime. Joanna 
BaiWe. [Ps. xciiQ This appeared in her 
Fugitive Verses, 18*0, in 5 st. of 4 1. as 
" Thoughts taken from tho 03rd Psalm." In 
this form it is not in O. 17., bat as " Arrayed 
in majesty divine," it is sometimes found. 

From the preface to her fugitive vertes, we learn that 
abe contributed to a proposed revision of the Scottish 
ntf. and Paraphs, three hymns which she has beaded, 
'* For the Scotch Kirk." Tbis revision never took place. 



COELISTE OBGANUM 



239 



Joanna Batllle *«a the daughter of a Scotch mil 
b. at Dothwell, 1761, and d. at Hempstead, 1861. Her 
poetical pieces, including JJaja, &c., are well known. 

[W. T. B.] 

Clyne, Mbrval, m.a,, s. of tho l*te Cap- 
tain John Cljue, of the Boyal Scots Keginiout, 



was b. at Baliycastle, Ireland, Feb. 21, 1617, 
studied and graduated h.a. at the University 
of Aberdeen (Marisohal College), and in 1S4G 
become a member of the Society of Advocates 
in Aberdeen. He is tho author of Ballads/mm 
Scottish History, 1863,&c He wus appointed 
ono of the Aberdeen members of the Com- 
mittee which compiled tho Draft Hymnal for 
the Scottish Church, 1857, and contributed to 
it two hymns, vis., "Chief Shepherd of tho 
chosen fold," and "Jcsu! Heaven's eternal 
King,'' which lie afterwards included in tho 
Aberdeen Hymnal, of which he was the com- 
piler (see Beottiah Hymnedy, vi. 7). Thence 
thoy have passed into various collections. A 
Christmas carol by him, " The blasts of chill 
December sound," originally pub. in The 
Scottish Witness, has been included, as No, 
6*., in the Bev. B. B. Chopo's Carols for use 
in Church, 1875. [J. M.] 

Cobbe, Frances Power, daughter of 
Charles Cobbc, s.l., of Newbridge Houso, Co. 
Dublin, was b. Doc. 4, 1822. She has written 
extensively on various subjects. Tlio most 
important of her publications are : — 

(1) £ttay on Intuitive lforals ; (2) Religious Duty ; 
(3) Broken LiffMs, 18B4; (4) ffulSti nf Women; and 
othere. She also edited the Works of Theodore Parker, 
in 12 vole. 

Miss Cobbe has written only a few poems. 
Two of these were included tn her Italics; 
Brief Notes on Potiiics, People, and Placet in 
Italy in 1864 (18G4), and a third in a Birth- 
day Address to 'Lord Shaftesbury, Her 
hymn, "God dmws » cloud over each gloam- 
ing morn " (ifeit in the Lord), was written in 
1859, in reply to some verses by an acquaint- 
ance, which were of a sod and despairing ten- 
dency. It has passed into several collections, 
including Hordor's Congregational Hys., 1881, 
and others. D. in April, 1904. [\V. G. H.] 

Cobbin, Ingram, h.a., b. Dec., 1777, and 
educated for, the Congregational Ministry at 
Hoxban ColL Entering the ministry in 1802, 
he was successively pastor of congregations at 
Banbury, at Holioway, at Putney, and at 
Crediton. Ho was oleo for some time Secretary 
of the Home Miss. Society. He d. at Camber- 
well, March 10, 1851. His publications woro 
numerous, including Scripture Parables in 
Verse, 1818; The Village Hymn Book, 1820; 
and a tr. of Casar Malan's Hymns [see Fnnota 
Hymnedy], 1825. He also contributed the fol- 
lowing hymns to the Bap. New Set, 1828 : — 

1. Asbfowstaewrad,»ndlnltaflight, Regeneration. 
3. Beforetbe Almighty power began. Sovereigtvtiraet, 

3, If tie Bweet to mingle where. Prayer Mzetvng. 

4. Lord I there Is a throne of grace. Frayer, 

E. Lord! to Thy bounteoua cue we owe. .ZJttroett, 

Of these hymns, Nob. 3 and 4 ore in tho 
most extensive use, and ore given in several 
modem collections, specially amongst the 
Baptists. [J. J.] 

Coeleste organum nodle sonuit in 
terrfi- [Cnri>tmas.'\ This Sequence is of 
unknown authorship and date. JBoMi No. 388, 
quotes this hymn from a 12th cent hs. at Gtoz, 
and holds that it is by a French writer. Morel 
quotes it from 1he ms, collection of Bmnder, 
1507 (St. Gall aan., No. 546), where it is called 
a sequence, " patris alicujua S. Galli eonven- 



240 COELESTIS ALES NUNTTAT 



COELE8TIS O JERUSALEM 



tns." It is found in two 14th cent was. in the 
Brit. Mas. (Lansdown, 432, f. 12 b ; Caligula 
A. xiv, f. 44 b), &c. Every line of the Se- 
quence ends in a. In the English Usee a 
curious but not uncommon diversity prevails. 
These may be gathered from their reprints, 
the Samm Miiaal., Burntisland, 1861 ; the York 
Missal, Surtees Soc., 1872 ; and the Hereford 
Mimml, 1874, Tr. as :-— 

Suk, the ttnui 1 sweet melody, by E.H. Flump- 
tre, written for and lit pub. in the Hymmvry, 
1872, No. 134. It was republished in the trans- 
lator's Wings New 4 Old, 1884. Another tr. is, 
"This day celestial melody," by Pearson, 1868. 

[J. M-] 

Coelestis ales nuntiat. Jean Baptiete 

de Santevil. [Annunciation.] 1st pub. in his 
Hymni Satri et Novi, 1689, p. 2, and again 
iu the same, 1698, p. 87, in S st. of 4 1. In 
1736 it was included in the revised Paris 
Brev. Abo reprinted in Card. Newman's 
Hymni Eeeletiae, 1836 and 1865. Tr. as :— 

1. The angel spake [spoke] the word, by £. Cos- 
wall — his quoted opening line being, " Supernus 
ales nimt.iot," — in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 
267 j nnd again in his Hymns, &c, 1873, p. 170. 
This is given in the Appendix to the H. Noted, 
nnd in the St, John's Hymnal (Aberdeen), Ssc. 

1. Hsil blessed morn, when forth from heaven, by 
W. Cooke, made for the Hymnary, 1872, and 
given with the signature " A, C. C." 

Translations not in C. U- : — ■ 

j. The herald light from Heav'n on golden wing. J. 
William: 1830. 

1. Tbeswlft-wlngedbcreldfromonblgb. j.B.CIiam- 
tert, ii. 186S. [J. J,] 

Coelestis aula, pandttur. Jean SaptUte 
de BanteBU, [Virgins.] Given in theC7s»foo 
Brev., 1686, p. 1st., and in his Bymni Sacri 
el Novi, 1689, p. 217, and 1698, d. 234, for 
"Sanctis Virgjnibus." In tho revised Paris 
Brev., 1736, it was appointed for Virgins, not 
being Martyrs. The test is also given in 
Curd. Newman's Bymni EecUstae, 1838 and 
1865. Tr. as :— 

Open It tlw starry hall, by I. Williami, 1st in 
the British Magazine, 1835, vol. viii,, p. 518, and 
again in hia Hys. from the Paris Brev., 1839, p. 
321. It has passed into Hys. § Introits, 1853; 
Kennedy, 1863 ; the Hymnary, 1873 ; the Altar 
Hymnal, 1884, &c. 

Translation net in 0. TT. : — 

The palace gates of Heaven expand. J", B. Cham- 
ter*, 11. wee. [J. J,] 

CoelestU aulas principea. Jean Bap- 
titte de BanUiffl, [Apostles.] In the Clumae 
Brev., 1686, p. i., nntf in his Hymni Sacri el 
Novi, 1689, p. 189, and ed. 1698, p. 235, in 6 
st. of 4 I. In 1736 it was given in the revised 
rnrit Brev., as the hymn for the " Common 
of Apostles at Lauds." It is also in the 
Lyons and other French Breviaries. Text in 
Card. Newman's Hymni Ecdesiae, 1838 and 
1865, and Chandler's .Hys. of Oe Prim. Church, 
1837, No. 87. [W. A. 8.] 

Translations In C. U. :— 

1, To oaptaias of a heavenly hoot, by I. Wil- 
liams, in his Hys. tr. from the Paris Brev., 1839, 
p. 274, and thence into the App. to the H. Noted. 

S, Captains of the saintly band, by Sir H. W. 
Baker, in H.A.^M.,1961 ; and in Kennedy, 1863. 



S. The leaders of the Church, of Christ, by O, 
Phillimore, in the Parish H. Bt., 1863, in 5 doublo 
stomas of 4 1., the last two being original. This 
was repented in the 2nd ed., 1874, and fn the 
8. P. C. K, Church Hys., 1871. 

4. To prinoes of the waits on high, by J. V), 
Chambers, in pt. ii., p. 4, of his Lauda Syon, 
1866. The hymn, "Princes of tho conrt on 
high," was adapted from this tr. by the Editors 
of the Hymnary, 1872, No, 388. 

Translation net In 0. IF. :-~- 

Hall, princes oftbehost of heaven. J.Chandldr. 1SB7, 

[J. J.] 

Coeleatla formam gloriae. [Trant- 

figuration,] This hymn, of unknown author- 
ship, is in the Sarum Brev. {Venice, 1495, 
Estiva, pt. ii. f. 174), for the Transfiguration. 
Mtme, So. 65, gives it from a MB. of the I5th 
cent., together with a few notes. Daniel, iv. 
p. 279, repeats this text without the notes. 
It is also in Card. Newman's Hymni Eeeletiae, 
1838 and 1865, and Biggs's Annotated H. A. 
<fc IS., 1867, p. 245. Tr. as :— 

1. A type of those bright rays on high, by J. 
M. Neale, in the enlarged ed. of the H, Noted, 
1854, In 1861 this is altered to "O wondrous 
type, vision fair," by the compilers of H. A. 
4r M,, No, 202, This was repeated in full in 
Kennedy, 1863 : and, abbreviated, in the Ir- 
vingite Hys. for the Churches, 1864, but omitted 
from the H. A. $ M., 1875. The original tr. 
was repeated in the Hymner, 1882; 

t. The shadow of tho glory whioh one day. By 
C. S. Cniverley, written for an i 1st pub. in the 
Hymnary, 1872, No. 367. 

Translations net In C. V. : — 

1. The (hope for Whose bright vision. W. J. mas. 

ISO!). 

3, OgtorlousBcene,andpsB&ingfslr, J. D. fttanbo'*. 
!«'• [J. J-] 

OoelestiB O Jerusalem. [An Saints.] 
This hymn is usually given as from the re- 
vised Paris Brev., 1736. It is not in that edi- 
tion, but was added, for the Vigil of All 
Saints Day at Lands (together with " Pugnate, 
Christ! milites," the hymn at Matins for the 
same festival), in later editions. It is also 
found in the Meaux Brev., 1 834, and isgiveu 
in 6 st. of 4 1. in Card. Newman's Bymni 
Ecdesiae, 1838 and 1865, nnd in Biggs's 
Annotated H. A. & Jf, 1867, p. 212l Ita 
author is unknown. fW. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. ; — 

1. heavenly Jerusalem, by I. Williams, pub, in 
his Hys. tr, from the Paris Brev^ 1839, p. 258. 
This tr., with slight alterations, was given in 
Mozley's Hymnal, 1852 ; H. A. & Jf., 1861-75 ; 
the People*sH., 1867 ; Spurgeon's O. 0. H. Bk. ; 
and (in two forms, each opening with the above 
first line) in the Roman Catholic Hys. for the 
Fear, if.D., No. 50. In addition to these it is 
given in an altered form as, " O heavenly Queen, 
High Salem," in Slew's Ch. H. & Tune Book, 
1852; as, "O heavenly Jerasalem, city," &c, 
in the Salisbury H. Bh., 1857 ; and as, " Jerasa- 
lem the heavenly," in the Hymnary, 1872. 

2. JsTnaalemtheheh/,byW.E.Green, Written 
for and pub. in A Book of Church Hys., Lond., 
1864, Bo. 246. 

Translation not In 0. V, ; — 
Jerossleni, the city. Anon. In the jSui&iff Mtigu 
tine, \m. [J. J.] 



COEU PBU8 SANCTTSSIME 

CoeliDeus BanotiBeime. [Wednesday.'] 
This hymn is sometimes ascribed to St Am- 
brose, but on insufficient authority. It is 
foand In two forms, the first what is usual); 
received as the original, and the second the 
revised text in the Soman Breviary, 1632. 
Both texts tire given in Daniel, I, No. -52; 
and the first in M<me, No. 277, who notes the 
oldest form of the hymn from a us. of the 
8th oont., in the Town Library at Trier, The 
first form is in the Matarabie, York, Sarum, 
and many other Breviaries, both English and 
continental, bnt the Bomsn form is only in 
that Brev. It is found in three mbs. of the 
11th cent in the Brit. Mas. (Van. D. xii. f. 
19; Jul. A.vi. f. 27; Harl. 2961, f. 223); in 
a MS. of tlie 9th cent, at St. Gall, No. 20 ; and 
also printed from tut 11th cent. MS. at Durham 
in the Latin Hys, of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 
18S1. See also £fupte, torn. xvii. ; and Waeker- 
«aflrf,i.,No.fla. [W.A.S.] 

In annotating the trs. it will be necessary 
to take the two forms of the hymn : — 

i. The Textut Beeeptus. 

Translation in C. U. :— 

God, 'Whets hand doth spread the iky, by J. M. 
Nesle, in the enlarged ed. of tha Hymnal S., 
1854, in 5 it. of 4 1., and tha Hymner, 1882. 

Translations net in 0, IT* : — 
1. OTbon moat Holy Godot lienTOn. Bepe. 1841. 
», Host Holy God, the Lord uf heaven, jr. D. 
Ckamtcrt. 18ST. 

ii. The Soman Breviary Text. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, All Hoty Ood on hits, by V7. J. CopeUnd, in 
his Byt.Jor the Week, &c, 1848, p. 33, in 5 et. 
of 4 1. This text is repeated in St. John's Hym- 
nal (Aberdeen), 1870, So. 99. 

t, Lord of eternal putty, by E. Gaswall, In nil 
Xjmt CotioKoo, 1849, p. 24, and again in his 
I&mns, &C., 1873, p. l&jin5st,of4L This (r. 
is in several hymnals, including the People's, Mar- 
tineav, sod others. In tha Hymnary, 1872, it is 
altered to, * Host Holy God, enthroned on high," 
and in the Roman Cntbolic Hys. for the Year, to 
*' O Lord of perfect purity." 

TnuuUUoo* not in 0, T/. t — 

1. Thrice Holy Sovereign of the »ky. Bp.MMi. 18ST. 

3. Holiest God, who nlgD 1 )) on high. Jlymti. Anglita. 
1844. 

3. AllIMySovereignorUieBlcy. S. Ctmpb*l, 1S50, 

i. OLoid, Who thmi'dta the holy height. CenLNow. 
men, In Ms Vena, Ac, IBSS-es. Tfita ta altered In 
W. J. Mew's OtunH H. 4 fine M, 185S-M. to 
"O Lord, most holy, and most high." 

». Qod at heaven, most holy Tbon. ,r. Wallow, 
MM. [J. J.] 

Ooelltum Joseph decus. [St. Joseph,'] 
This hymn for the Feast of St. Joseph, the 
husband of the B, V. M., which has been 
added to the Roman Breviary fdnoe 1632, is 
of unknown authorship. In addition to being 
in that Office, Daniel has reprinted it, iv. 
p. 296. IV. as;— 

Joeeph, ear oerbaB heps belew, by E. Caswell, 
in hie Masque of Mary, 1858, in 5 st. of 4 1., and 
thence into his Hymns, lie, 1873, p. 74, This 
tr. is in use in Roman Catholic hymnals for 
Schools and Missions, 

Translation 'net in d JS. :— 

Joseph, glory of the heavenly oholr. J. Wallaoc 
W4. [J, J,] 



COFFIN, CHAELES 



241 



Coelo datur quiesoero. Jean Baptists 

de SanteUil. [St. Barnabas.'] Given in the 
Ctnniae Brev., 1686, p. 970 ; and in his Hymni 
Bacri et Hovi, 1689, p, S3, and again in 1698, 
p. 103, in 6 st. of 4 1. In 1736 it was in- 
cluded in the revised Paris Brev., and ap- 
pointed as the hymn at Matins for the Feast 
of St Bnroabas. It is also in the Lyon* 
and other French Breviaries. The test from 
the Parte Brev. as given in Card. Newman's 
Hymni Eccletiae, 1838 and 1865, lies st vii. 
and viii. from another source, IV. as : — 

1, Grewnod with immortal jubilee, by I. Williams, 
from the Paris Brev. text, 1st pub, in the Britith 
Magazine, June, 1838 (vol. ii. p. 627, with the 
Latin), and again in his Has. tr. from the Pari* 
Brev., 1839, p. 205. In 1841 it was included in 
the Child") Christian Tear. 

t. Then, Barnabae, hast wen repooe, by R. V, 
lattledale, from the fan's Brev., written for and 
pub. in the People"* H, 1867. 

1. To Baraabu, Thy servant blast, by Harriet 
M. Chester, from the Paris Brev., contributed to 
the Hymnary, 1872, and signed " H. M. C." 

Translation net in 0. V, : — 
ToThee,OBarnab»a, is given. /. D. Oumbtrt. ISM. 

[J. J.] 

Coelo quae eadom gloria conseorat 
JeanBaptisUdeBanteilil. [AU Saint*.] Given 
in the Cluniac Brev.. 16*86, p. 1097, and in 
his Hymni Sacri et Novi, 1689, p. 161, and 
again, 1698, p. 212, in 7 at of 4 1. In 1736 
it was given, unaltered, in the revised Paris 
Brev. as the hymn for the 1st and 2nd Vespers 
of the Feast of all Saints. It is also in other 
French Breviaries, and in Card. Newman's 
Hymni EcchHae, 1838 and 18G5. Tr. as :— 

Saint* whom ia heaven ene glory deth await, by 
F. Pott and pub. in his Hymns, &c, 1861, and 
in the Hymnary, 1872. 

Translation not in 0, IF. :- 
Ye that are now In heevenly glory one. J. WitliaMt, 
»*«-». [J. J.] 

Coelo*) Oficendlt hddie. [jlsoension.] 
This hymn, of unknown date and authorship, 
is given by Dr. Neale (Med. Hymns. 1851-U7), 
as "apparently of the twelfth centun,'' The 
text is in Daniel, i., No. 492, in 12 lines with 
"Alleluia" as a refrain to each. It has 
been tr. by Dr. Ntale, in Mediaeval Hys., 
1891-63, as "To-day, above the aky He 
soared," and this is repeated In Dr. SohafTs 
Christ in Bong, 1870. J. W. Hewett has also 
rendered it into English as *' The King of 
glory, Christ most High," in his Verses by a 
Country Curate, 1859, and the Lyra Metsianiea, 
1864. These tn. are not in C. XT. It has 
also been rendered into English through the - 
German, " Gen Hitnmel." 

Gen Himnul aafgetuhrea i»t. a tr, fa a st. of 
I U with AUelnie, eppeered in B. Oeelus'e Oeittlieht 
Deutsche Lietcr, Fnnltnirt*. Oder, 1S01, fullo 4B, with 
the Letln. Tr. as "The King of glory, Christ the lioru," 
by B. Massle, 16«7, p. 2 IS. [J. JK.] 

Cotfin, Charles, b. at Bniancy (Ar- 
dennes) in 167C, d. 1749, was principal of the 
college at Beauvais, 1712 (succeeding the 
historian Bollin), and rector of the University 
of Paris, 1718, He pub. in 1727 B»me of his 



242 COFFIN, ROBEBT A. 

Latin poems, for which lie was already noted, 
and in 1736 the bulk of his hymns appeared 
in tho Paris Breviary of (hat year. In the 
same year he published them as Hymni 
Sacri Auctore Carolo Cojjln, and in 1755 a 
complete ed. of hiB Workt rots issued in 2 
vols. To his Hymni Sacri is prefixed an 
interesting preface. The wholo plan of his 
hymns, and of the Pari* Breviary which lie 
so largely influenced, comes out in his words. 

" In his porro scribendls Hymnla non tam poetlco in- 
dulgendum splrftnl, quam niton) et ptetate consulondum 
ease existlnu-vl. Fteraque iajtur, arguments convenlcxi- 
tls e pnrlaaimis Scrlpturae Secrae foiitibue deprorapsi 
quae JLdonela Ecclcslae cantul numeris alligarem." 

Hia hymns are described by o French critie 
as having less brilliancy than those of San- 
tcutl (q.v.), but more simplicity and unction. 
They number 100 in the edition of 1736. 
Translations into English by J. Chandler, 
I. Williams and others, are noted under their 
respective Latin first lines, [W. T. B.] 

Coffin, Robert Aston, nn., b. at 

Brighton in 1819, and educated at Harrow, 
and at Christ Church, Oxford. Iti 1813 lie 
became Vicar of St Mary Magdalene's, 
Oxford; but in 1815 ho resigned and joined 
tho Church of Borne. In 1855 ho became 
Hector of the B. C. Church of St. Mary's, 
Olapham; and in 1882 the It. C. Bishop of 
Southwark. He d. at Tcignmouth, April 6, 
1885. In 1863 ho pub. :— 

Hymns and Verses on' Spiritual Subjects ; being The 

Sacred Foetiy of St. Alplumm Maria LipuoH 

Translated from the Italian, and edited by JlobertA. 
Coffin, Priest of the Congregation of the Mast Italy 
Redeemer. Loud., Bunas £ Lambert. One or two of 
tucK trs. previously Appeared in a small collection 
which he edited : Bynns for the Confraternity of the 
Holy fUmils, Jesus, Mary, and Joseph, Lend., Impri- 
matur, Dec, 31, 18GS. 

Some of these trt. are in C. U. in Boman 
Catholic hymn-books far schools and missions. 

[J.JO 

Cole, Charles, b. May 20, 1783, at 
Wellow, in Somersetshire, d. 1813. In early 
life was a clothwoaver; joined tlte Baptist 
church at Bradford, Wilts, and iu 1758 began 
to preiioh at Whitchurch, Hants. In the 
year following ho became pastor of tho Baptist 
church there, a position he maintained with 
honour and usefulness fur fifty years. He d. 
Dec 3, 1813. 

Hepub, "A nret-fittdAtphabetofXeiiiByinnt. I. On 
the faoHc Ministry of the Word. II. OnBaptitm, lit. 
On the Lord*t Supper. IbwhichisaddedaBtujplicatory 
Supplement, Lon., DM." The title, " Three-fold Alpha- 
bet, was given from the fact that tha hymns In each of 
the ant tbreo sections are arranged alphabetically, every 
letter being represented with the exception of X. The 
total number of hymns, including the SuppUment, is 
104. Tbeae hymns are sober and scriptural fn sentiment, 
but prasaio in fttylo. Severalare found [in the older col- 
lections as Benham, Qaasby, and otbers ; but they nave 
almost died out of use. fJW. B. S.] 

Coleridge, Hartley, eldest s. of S. T. 
Coleridge, t>. 1736, d. 1849, is known to 
hjmnody through some pieces published In 
bis (posthumous) Poem 5u Hartley Coleridge, 
with Memoir by kit Brother, Lond., 1851, in- 
cluding "Bo not afraid to pray: to pray is 
right" (Prayer) ; and "In holy books wo read 
how God hath spoken" (Foi'co of God in 
Nature). 



COLLAtTDEMTJS MAQDALENAB 

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, was b. at 

St. Mary Ottory, Devonshire, 1772, educated 
at Christ's Hospital, London, and Jesus Col- 
lege, Cambridge, and d. in 1834. His Child's 
Prayer at Evening, " Ere on my bed my limbs 
I lay," in Mortineau's Hymtit, 1840 and 1873, 
is dated 1808. 

Coles, Vincent Stuokey Stratton, b. 

of Bcv. James Stratton Coles, b, at Shepton 
Beanohamp, March 27, 1845, and educated 
at Balliol College, Oxford, graduating b,a, 
1808, and h.a. 1872. On takingHoly Orders 
in 1869, ho beoame Curate of Wantage, In 
1872 lie was preferred as Bector of Snepton- 
Beauchamp, Somerset, and in 1884 Libra- 
rian of the Fuscy Library, Oxford. Mr. Coles 
has contributed the following hymns to H. 
A. & St., and tho S. P. C. K. Church Hy$. 

1, Lord, in whose eternal counsels. For guidance 
and growth fc» hotineti. It was 1st printed as a leaflet, 
written for E. C. II. Festival, c. lolO ; and then included, 
after revision, in SL P. C. X. Church Bys., 18TI. 

3. Heat Holy Father, bending; low. Lent. Ho. 45 
in the Btteharittic Bgukal. 1BJT. 

3, Lamb of God, whose lore dhrino. Martyrs(Yir* 
gins). Given in the Appendix to It. A, A M., isss, 

4» Shepherd of the sheep. Martyrs (Bishop). Also 
given in the Appendix to 11. A. <» if., 1863. 

5. We pray Thee, heavenly Father. Preparation 
for Hoty Comwanion. Originally written for a Com- 
municants' class, it was included in 8. P. C. K. Church 
Bys., 18J1, and in the revised II. A. it Jf., 1818. 

fl. Lord, I oannot seek Thes. Spiritual Communion. 
Contributed to Lyra Sucharittiea, 1963, and repeated In 
the Churchman's Altar Manual, 1382. [J, J.] 

ColeHworthy, Daniel C, a printer, 
editor, and bookseller, was b. at Portbind, 
Maine, in 1810, and is now (1885) resident in 
Boston. He has pub. several volumes of 
verse, including Salbatk School Hymn*, 1833 ; 
Opening Bud*, 1833; Tha Year, 1873; and 
School U Out, 1876. Of his hymns tho follow- 
ing are the host known : — 

1, A little ward in Undneat spoken. Kinase**. 
This appeared in his paper, The Portland 7K> 
bune, Sept. 25, 1841. 

a. While we lowly bow before Thee, Ofora of 
Service. Included iu £. Nnson'a Cong. II, Bk^ 
1857, and thence has passed into several collec- 
tions of JnteT date, including Song* for the 
Sanctuary, N. T., 1865-73; Laudcs Domini, 
N. Y., 1884, and others. 

Mr. Colesworthy is a member of the Con- 
gregational body. [F. M. B.j 

CoUaudemuB Magdalenae. [Bt, Mary 
Magdalene.'] This is a hymn of unknown 
authorship, and probably of English origin, 
IS st and a doxology. It is Riven in a 
11th cent Sarum, Brev. in the Biitah Mat. 
(hss. Reg. 2, A. xiv., f. 214 ff.) for the 
Fonst of St. Mary Magdalono, in throo 
parts: viz.: — 1. " Oollondemus Magdalenae," 
i.-v, and dox. : Peeper*. 2. " Aestimavit 
ortolanum," vi.-x. and dox. : Nocturne. 3. " O 
Maria noli flere," iiL-sv. and dox. : Laud*. 
In Daniel, i., No. 439, it is given in full as 
one hymn from the &mn» -Bred. (See also Card, 
Newman's Hymni Eccletiae, 1838 and 1865), 
the text is repeated from the Sarum Brev. 
Tho first part of the hymn (i.-iv. and dox.) 
is found as "Pauge lingua Magdalonne," in 
the WorJt* of fit. Bernardino of Siena (d. 1444, 
canonized 1450), SermoniG. JlfDne,NoB. 1065, 



COLLECTS IN VERSE 

56, 58, 59, kites the " Pange lingua * text, 
together with readings from mm, of the 14th 
and 15th centuries, Daniel, iv. p. 245, com- 
pared Mime'* teit with his own, and adds 
leadings from the Aberdeen Brev. CW. A. B.] 
In tracing out the tr». of this hymn we 
follow the Breviary divisions, niz. : — 

i. Ad Vesperas. 

Collandemtu Xsgdadenae. A tr. of this part 
altered from a tr. by G, Moultrie front his £s- 
jKitwafs o/ S. Dorothea, 1870, p. 78, was given in 
the jJ»Wp&m<r ^ ffraiV, 1880 ; and again in the 
Hymner, 1882, No. 119, as "Sing we now the 
praise of Mary," Another (r. beginning, " Holy 
Magdalene praiaing," by J. D. Chambers, ia in 
bis Landa Syon, pt. ii. 1868, p. 88, but this is 
not in C. V. 

ii. Ad Noetwnwn, 

Aaatimavlt ortolan™. Dr. ITeale's tr. of this 
part of the hymn, on its appearance in the 2nd 
ed, of his Mediaeval ffys., 1863, was prefaced 
with these words : — 

" The very elegant hymn, Pange lingua Mag- 
dalene, of English origin, is in the Sarum 
Breviary, divided into three, for Vespers, 
Matins, and Lauds. I translated it for the 
Hymnal Noted, but it was thought too complex 
for popular use. The Lauds hymn was acci- 
dentally kept, the other translations lost. It is 
in the Clewer edition of The Day Hours." 

Dr. Neale's tr. is, " As the gardener, Him 
addressing," and Is given in the Hymner, 
1882, No. ISO, and others. 

iii. Ad Lavda. 
Knit noli Bare, This is given In the 
Antiphontr and Grail, 1880, and the Hymner, 
1882, No. 121, as "Weep not, Mary, weep no 
longer," It is altered from a tr, by 6. Moultrie. 
In these two works a tr. of the complete hymn 
may thus be found. 

Translations net la 0, TJ, i — 

1. Sing we in of Mary's trial, Joy and sorrow Mas 
tell. Q. Moultrie, In bis Jftpoutols of St. JMmllua. 

mo. 

a. Sing we now with pralseful voices. D, T. Morgan, 

1811-83. [J. JJ 

Collects In Verse. [Prayer, Book of Gun- 
men,] 

Collett, William Lloyd, u.s., was b. 

s>t Little Ilfurd, Essex, and graduated at 
Queen's College, Oxford, in 1842. On taking 
Holy Ordera he held several appointments 
unlU 1859, when he was preferred to the 
Vicarage of St. Stephen's, Harnmoremith. 
Mr, Collett compiled tho Appendix added to 
the Cooke and Denton Hymnal, for use in 
Bt, Stephen's Church, 1855, and contributed 
to that Hymnal in 1855 his Ascensiontide 
hymn, "Hail, triumphant King of Glory," 
No. 153, in 3 st. of 8 1. [J. J.] 

Collins, Henry, kj., educated at Oxford, 
where he graduated about 1851. He was 
ordained to the Ministry of the Church of 
England, but in Nov., 1857, he entered the 
Roman communion, becoming a member of 
the Cistercian Order in I860. Author of Life 
of the Rev. Father Gentili, 4c., 1861; The 
Spiritand Mission of tteCitteroianOrder^BSG, 



OOLVER, NATHANIEL 243 

&a. His hymns, were pub. by him before 
leaving the Church of England, in his 
Hymns for Million*, 1854, first pub. at Leeds, 
and then by Shrimptonof Oxford, and Masters 
of London. It contains 37 hymns, of which 
two only were by him: — "Jesn, meek and 
lowJy" (Pattioniido), and "Jesu, my Lord, 
my God, my all.'' (Love of Jetiu aetired.) 
These hymns are in extensivo use. [J. J.] 

Collins, 8. A,, the wife of an American 
Baptist Minister, is tho author of several 
hymns and temperance songs, including 
"Jeans, gracious Ono, cnlleth now to thee 
(Invitation), in I, D. Sankey's Sac. 8. St Solot, 
No. 2, 1881. 

Collyer, William Bengo, b.d., b. at 
Blackheath, April 14, 1782, educated nt 
Homerton College, where, when 16 years old, 
he was enrolled as i student for the ministry. 
At 20 he began V* ministry at Peckham ; on 
Dec 17, 1801 ordained pastor of a small 
ehuroh consist ..ig of ten communicants. From 
1814 to 1826 he was also pastor of a Church 
meeting in Baiters' Hall. On June 17, 1817, 
a new chapel was opened for him at Peckham. 
There, from the time of his settlement in 1801, 
he laboured with great success and honour 
until Deo. 11, 1853, on which day he preuohed 
for the last time. He d. Jan. 8, 1854. 

was eminent In bis day as an eloquent 
preacher, whoa formalism in worship, and 
In doctrine, prevailed* He was a man of 
amiable disposition, polished manners, and Christian 
courtesv; popular with rich end poor alike. He waa 
tbo author of a eoiee of lectures on Divine Revelation, 
in seven volumes j SeriptuM fattt, Propaeefes, Mira- 
da, Parabta, Doctrina, Dnttet, Cbmparittnu. Dr. 
Collyer compiled a hymn-book with the title, ttvum 
partiy cotlectat and partly original, designed at a 
tupptemtnt to Dr. Wattfs Ptalmi and Zfyrrtnf, 1S1H. 
It was intended at first for the use of his own congre- 
gation only, and waa to include many hymns composed 
by himself, to be snug after sermons wblch he luul 
preached to them, hut be was led to alter the plan. It 
comprises 8TB hymns, 6 choruses, and 4 doiologlos, 
arranged In groups according to their authors, and not 
subjects. Ofthis number 67 were written by Dr. Collyer, 
and are for the moot part short descriptive or didactic 
poems, religious or moral essays In verse, and not hymns 
addressed to tbe Creator and Redeemer. Some of tbcra 
are devoid of Christian truth, and are poems of nature or 
ufsenument. Some of them were writtendurlng tbe hard 
and sorrowful times of tbe wars of Bonaparte, and relate 
to famine and national calamity. Several were prepared 
for the public meetings of missionary and benevolent 
societies, which had their origin in his time. He also 
puh. Servictt jutted to tha SotemnitationofMUriuony, 
Baptism, Ac* 1S37, which contained SB of hla hymns, 
ha. ; sumnt for Israel, a Tribute of Ijove for GoaVt 
■incite** iVupte, 1849 (41 hymns). In Dr. Lelfcblld's 
Original Sgrnnt, 1843, there are also 38 of his compo&i- 
tlons- Hany of hie ptecee appeared in the Evangelical 
MagasiM, and were also appended to hie numerous 
published Sermon*. A few of Ms hymns are still in C. 
V., Including. "Another nesting day la gone"; "As- 
sembled at Thy great command " ; "O Jeeu, in this 
solemn hour"; "O Thou, tbe helpless orphan's 
hope"} "Return. O wanderer, return^" and the fine 
cento, " Great God, what do I eee and hear." 

[F. J. P.] 
Oolver, -Nathaniel, b.d., an eminent 
preacher and abolitionist, b. at Orwell, Ver- 
mont, 1794, and entered the Baptist Ministry 
in 1886, becoming successively Pastor at Bos- 
ton, Detroit, Cincinnati, and Chicago. After 
the war, in 1865, he founded the Colver In- 
stitute at Biobmond, Virginia. He d. Sept. 25, 
1870. In 1848 he contributed 17 hymns to 
Banvard's Christian Melodist, Bcatun, TJ.S: 
Of these the best known are : — " Coino, Lord, 



244 COMB, ALL YE CHOSEN 

in mercy come again," Lent; and "Weep for 
the lost! thy Saviour wept "(SyinpafWji, agin 
the Bap. Pm<n Bk., N. Y., 1871, &c [F. II. B.] 

Come, all ye chosen saints of Ood. 
J. Bart [Pauian Week.] The following 
account of the origin of this hymn is given 
in the author's " Experience," which accom- 
panies hie Hymns : — 

" The week before Eaater, \1&V, 1 had such on amazing 
view of toeagonjr of Christ in the garden, as I know not 
well buw to describe. I was lost in wonder and adora- 
tion, and tbe impression it made was too deep, 1 believe, 
over to be obliterated- I aball say no more of this, but 
only remark that notwithstanding ill that la talked about 
the sufljerEngs of Jesus, none can know anything of them 
but bv theHoly Ghost ; and, I believe, he that knowi 
most knowa but very little. It was upon this J made the 
Srat part of hymn 1, ' On the Passion,' which, however, 
I afterwards mutilated and altered." 

The hymn was pub. in his Bye, competed 
on Various Subject*, 1759, in 2 parts of 24 at 
in all. As given in modern collections, as in 
Spurgeon's 0. 0. B, Bk., it is a cento from 
the original with variations in the text. [J. J.] 

Come, and near the grand old story. 
H. Bonar. [Life of Christ.] This is the first 
of 9 lines which introduce a hvmn of 17 Bt. 
of 4 ]. beginning, " Christ the Father's Son 
Eternal," 1st pub, in his Hyt. of Faith and 
Mope, 2nd aeries, 1861. The hymn, in on 
abbreviated form, is given in N. Hall's Chritt 
Church Hyl, 1 876, and other*. [J. J.] 

Come, and let us sweetly join. C. 
Wetley. [Church Gathering*.] This poem of 
22 doable stanzas, divided into five parts, 
was given in Pt ii. of J. & 0. Wesley's But. A 
8. Poems, 1740, and headed "The Love 
Feast" The five parts were subsequently 
used as separate hymns, as follows ; — 

I, Cams, and 1st us aweetbj joim. Thil was 
given in the Wet. H. Bk., 1780, No. 505, and has 
been reputed in most collections of the Metho- 
dist body. 

S, dome, Thou Hifli and lefty One. This was 
included in Toplady'e Pt.and Hyt., 1776, and in 
the Wet. B~. Bk., 1780, No. 506 (ed. 1875, No. 
530), and hits passed into various collections. 
From it the centos (1) " Jesn, we the promise 
claim " ; sometimes, " Jesus, we Thy promise 
claim," wns given in Bickersteth's Christ. Psatmo., 
1833 ; and is found in modern hymnals, including 
Snepp's 8. of G.$G., 1873 ; and (3) "In the 
midst do Thoo appear," as in Dr. Martineau's 
Hymn*, &c, 1840, and his Byt. of P. f P., 1873. 

3. Let us join, 'Ha Gad oonunaad*. This is No. 
507 in the Wet. B. Bk., 1780, nad No. 521 in the 
revised ed., 1875. It has also passed into other 
collections, as the Bap. Hymnal, 1879, &c. 

4, Fartaiers of a glorieua hope. No. 508 in the 
Was. B. Bk., 1780, snd 522 in tho revised ed. 
1875, and other collections. 

», Father, hail, by all adored. No. 509 in the 
Was. H. Bk., 1780, and 523, 1875. 

In addition to the above there are three 
centos in C. U. all beginning, ** Dome, and let 
as sweetly join,' 1 ana each being distinct in 
itself. These are (1) Leedt M. Bk., 1853, 
No. 738; (2) N. Gong. Suppl, 1869; and 
(3) Kennedy, 1863. The original tests of all 
these parts and centoB are in the Wet. R. Bk. 
as above, and the P. Work*. 1868-72, vol. i, n. 
390. [J-JJ 



COME, DESIRE OP NATIONS 

Come away to the skies. G. Wesley. 
[Birthday.'] Written on the anniversary of 
the birth of his wife, Oct. 12, 1755, and 1st 
pub. in his Hyt. for Families, 1767, No. 163, 
in 8 st of 6 i P. Workt, 1868-72, vOL vii. 
p. 198. In 1780 it was included in the Wet. 
H. Bk. as No. 478, and has been retained in 
oil subsequent editions of that collection. It 
is also given in other collections of the 
Methodist body, and in a few American 
Hymnals. [J. J.] 

Come, blessed Spirit, Source of 
light. B. Beddome. > [Holy Spirit] This 
hymn is given in his Sermons, 1816, vol. iv, 
and in his (posthumous) Hymn*, 1817, No. 136, 
in 4 st of 4 L, and in each instance it is un- 
dated. It is found in extensive use in Ame- 
rican hymn-books in two forms ; 1st the ori- 
ginal, as in Dr. Hatfield's Church H. Bk., 1872 
(where it is dated 1770) ; and 2nd changed 
from l.n. to b.k. in the Moth. Episco. Hymn*, 
1 849, " Come, Spirit, source of light." 

[W. T. B.] 

Come, children, hail the Prince of 
Peace. rProise to Christ.] An anonymous 
hymn in 6 st of 4 1. not traced beyond the 
S. S. H. Bk., Phila, 1820, i., No. 162, and the 
Silver St. & Scholar's Companion (7th ed.), 
1821. From the time of its insertion, in 
1843, in Batsman's Sacred Melodies for Chil- 
dren, it has been growing in favour both in 
England and America. In the latter it is 
sometimes found, as in the Baltimore 8. 8. 
R.Bk., 1843, as "Come, let us praise the Prince 
of Peace," the order of the sts. being changed 
and the hymn altered. It is an imitation of 
" All hail the power of Jesus' Name." [J. J.] 

Come, children, join the angelic 
[heavenly] throng, [Praise to Cftrisf.T An 

imitation by an unknown writer of " All hail 
the power of Jesus' name," given in the 
Leeds 8. 8. H. Bk., 1862, and in tbe Leeds 
8. 8. U. H. Bk., 1864; and also as "Come, 
children, join the heavenly throng," in 1he 
Silver Street 8. 8. Companion, 1880, in 4 st 
of 4 1. [J. J.] 

Come, children, join to sing. O. H. 

Bateman. [Praise to Chritt.] 1st pub. in his 
Sacred Melodies for Children, 1843, No. 4, in 
5 st. of 5 1. and the refrain ; again in later 
editions, and in his Children's Hymnal. 1872. 
It is given in several collections in G. Britain 
and Canada, and is one of the most popular of 
the author's hymns. [J. J.] 

Come, dearest Lord, descend and 
dwell. I. Watt*. [Whitsuntide.] Given in 
the enlarged ed. of his Hyt. ami 8. Songs, 
1709, Bk. i.. No. 135, in 3 st. of 4 I. In 
1753 G. Whitefleld included it in his CoU. 
This was followed by R. Conyers in his Coll., 
1774, and others, until its use has become ex- 
tensive both in G. Britain and America. In 
many cases, especially in America, the term 
"dearest," so objectionable to many, is 
changed to, " Come, gracious Lord," &c [J.J.j 

Come, desire of nations, come ; Has- 
ten, Lord, &C O.WetUy. [Second Advent.] 
Written as one of the Hymns Occasioned by the 

Earthquake, March 8, 1750, and 1st pub. in a 
tract bearing that titie during the same year. 



COME, DIVINE IMMANUEL 

The unusual visitation of the earthquake 
created a great sensation in London and the 
. neighbourhood, and the excitement of the 
people did much to set forth the i-alm faith, 
and to bring out the sterling worth of the 
Wesleyg, The feelings of both were embodied 
in the hymns which C. Wesley wrote on the 
occaaion. This particular hymn was included 
in J. Wesley's Select Hymn* with Tunes annext, 

1761, and other works, and in the Wet. U. Bk. 
as one of the " Additional Hymns," eirc. 1800. 
It is retained in the new ed,, 1875, and is 
found ht several collections in G. Britain and 
America. Grig, text in P. Works, 1668-72, 
vol vi. p. 48. [J. J.] 

Come, Divine Immanuel, come. C. 
Wesley. [iWttfcnt.] « Written at the Land's 
End," 7 and pnb. m Hys. and 8. Poems, 1749, 
vol. ii., No. 208, in 6 st. of 4 1. (P. Workt, 
1868-72, vol. v. p. 133). In 1753, G. White- 
fleld included it in his Coil, No. 37, but it 
failed to gain popularity and is seldom foond 
in modern collections. In the Amer. Hys. and 
Songt of Praise, N. Y, 1874, it is given in an 
altered form, [J. J.] 

Come, ever; pious heart 8. Stennett. 
[Prow to Christ.'] Appeared in A Collection 
of Hyt. for the Use of Christians of aU Deno- 
minations, Lond. 1782, and again in Rippon's 
Selection, 1787, No. 489, in 6 st of 6 I., and 
entitled, " A Song of Praise to Christ" As 
given in modem collections it is usually com- 
posed of st. i, iii-v., as in the Bap. Ft, and 
Hys., 1858-410, No. 269, where, however, it is 
dated 1832 in error. Its use in America is 
very extensive. In the Church 8. 8. H. Bk, 
1879, it is given as, " Come, every youthful 
heart," and iu a few colleetions as "Come, 
ye who love the Lord, And feel His," &c, 
including Dr. Walker's Cheltenham Ps. & 
By*., 1855, and others.. [J. J.] 

Come, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, 
Honour the means, StO. O. Wesley. 
[Adult Baptism.] 1st pub. in Hys. & 8. 
Poems. 1749, vol. ii.,. No. 181, iu 6 st of 4 I. 
(P. Workt, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 888). In 
1780 it was given in the Wet. H. Bk., No. 
464, and the revised ed., 1875, No. 476. It is 
in several colleetions in G. Britain and 
America, as the Saram, 1868; the Amer. 
Metb. Episoo. Hymnal, 1878, &c In tome 
American hymn-books, as Hys, & Songs of 
Praise, N. T. 1874, st. iii., vi., are given 
slightly altered as " Father, in these reveal 
Thy Son." [J. J.] 

Gome, Father, Son, and. Holy Ghost, 
One God, See C. Wesley. [For Spiritual 
Peace,] 1st pub. in hit Short Hymn*, &c, 

1762. In the form in which it was given in 
the Wet. H. Bk. in 1780, No. 243, and con- 
tinued in biter editions, it embodied Nos. 200, 
201 and 202 of the Short Hymns, these being 
based on Numb. vi. 24-26 (P. Works, 1868- 
1872, vol. is. p. 65). From this cento, No. 661 
in Snepp's S.ofQ.A G.. 1872, " Eternal Sun 
of Righteousness,'' is taken. It is composed 
of st. lii.-vi. slightly altered. [J. J.] 

Come, happy children, come and 
raise. Dorothy A. Thrvma. [Child's Song 
of Praise.] Appeared ttt iior Hymns for the 
Young, o. 1830 (4th ed. 1836J, iu 6 st, of 4 L 



COME, HOLY GHOST 



245 



Iu 1848 it appeared again in Dr. Miller's Ps. 
<fc Hys., 1848, and others, as, " Come, Chris- 
tian children, come and raise." This text, 
with slight alterations, the omission of st. vi., 
and the passing on of st. ii. (rewritten) to 
the end as st. v. was repeated in Church 
Hymns, 1871, No, 567. In the Meth. Frco 
Church S. 8. H. Bk., 1868, Miss Thrupp's text 
is again altered as " Come, let tlie young 
unite and raise.'' Tho original liymnissome- 
timea said to have appeared in Mrs. H. Mayo's 
SeL of Hys., &a., 1838, but this is au error. 

[W. T. R] 

Come, heavenly love, inspire my 
song; Anne Steele. [Redeeming Lone.] This 
poem of 39 st of 4 1. appeared in her Hys. on 
Subjects chiefly Devotional, 1760, vol. i. p. 7 
(2nd ed., 1780, vol. i. p. 7), and in Sedgwick's 
reprint of her Hymns, 1863, p. 4. From the 
poem the following centos are in C. U. : — 

1. Com*, heavenly 1dm, inspire my n>na> This 
was given in the Bristol Coll. of Ash and Evans, 
1769, No. 129 ; repeated by K. Conyers, in his 
Colt., 1772, and again by others to modern hym- 
nals. It is composed of st. 1,2, 3,7, 8, 37 and 39. 

It, dome, Hdy Ghost, inspire dot wags. This 
was given in the Uttoieter Sel., 1805 ; and re- 
peated in Cotterill's Sel^ 1810--19, and from 
thence has passed into a few collections iu G. 
Britain and America. It is composed of st. 1. 
2, 3, 7, 8, slightly altered horn the original, and 
an added stanza probably by Cotterill. 

3. earns, heavenly Dave, inspire my song . This 
is in the Amer. Evangelical Hyl., by Hall and 
Lasar, N. Y., 1880, st. 1, 2, 3, 8, 32, 33, 37, and 
39 being included therein. 

4, Some, Holy Spirit, pdds my sens;. This 
is composed of st i., ii. T vii. and xxivii. slightly 
altered. It is No. 63 in Windle's Colt. 

t. Tbs Baviour, what endless oharau. This 
cento in Snepp's 8. of G. 4 G. t 1872, No. 174, 
is composed of st. 2, 3, 8, 37, and 39. [J. J.] 

Oome, Holy Ghost, all quickening 
lire; Come, and my hallowed, See. 
G. Wesley. [Whitsuntide.] A "Hymn to 
God the Sanetiner," 1st pub. in Hys. & 8. 
Poems, 1740, p. 45, in 8 st of 6 1,, and again 
in the Wee. H. Bk., 1780, No. 3+1 (P. Worib, 
1868-72, vol. I p. 240). Iu the American 
Meth. Episco. Hymns, lS49,st iv.,v.,vii., viii. 
are given as "Humble and teachable, and 
mild?' [J. J.] 

Come, Holy Ghost, descend from 
high. [Holy Baptism.] This cento, in 2 st 
of 4 1., appeared in A. M. Toplady a Ps. & 
Hys., 1776, No. 99, It is oomposed of at. i. 
of C. Wesley's " Come Father, Bon, and Holy 
Ghost, Honour tbe means," Ac., as above, but 
slightly altered ; and st ii. probably by Top- 
lady. This was repeated iu T. Beck's (q. v.) 
Hymns, &o., 1782. In Biukcrsteth's Christian 
Psalmody, 1833, it is given in error as of 
Beck's composing, and this error is repented 
in later collections. [J. J.J 

Come, Holy Ghost, my soul inspire; 
Spirit of, &c B. ManL [Wkitmntide.] 
Appeared in his Holydays of the Church, &c, 
vol. L, 1828, pp. 317-316, in 6 st. of 4 1. nt 
tbe dose of a meditation and Collect, which 
follows an account of tho life and work of St 
Barnabas. Iu 1837 it was transferred to his 



246 



come, holy spiarr 



Aneient Hys. from the Bom. Brev,, ftc, OS one 
or his " Original Hymns," No. 105, without 
alteration, and entitled, " Hymn to the Com- 
fortei far Faith, Hope, and Charity," It is 
also included in Bp. Mant's Ancient Hymn*, 
ftc, 1871. In Kennedy, 1863, No. 1180, the 
hymn, "Holy Ghost, niy soul inspire," is 
thte hymn in a Bligh'tly altered form. Another 
arrangement is: — "Holy Spirit, in my [our] 
breast," which was given in the enlarged ed. 
of Morrell & How's Ft. & Hymns, 1664, No. 
119. [J. J.] 

Coma, Holy Spirit, come, Let Thy 
bright beams, &c J. Hart [Whitsun- 
tide!] Contributed to his By*, composed on 
Various Subjtcts, 1759, No. 4, in 9 si of 4 L, 
ana headed, "To tho Holy Ghost." One of 
the earliest to adopt it was Toplftdy, in his 
P». 4 Hys., 1776, No. 237, with alterations 
which have come down to modem collections. 
This text is that usually adopted in Ch, of 
England hymnals. It is easily recognized 
by st. i., 11. 3, 4, which read ; — 



"Dispel tbB_ftrm>1tr from our minds, 



instead of— 



! darTmutfron our eyes," 



" Dispel the darkness from our minds. 
And open »11 our eyes," 

as in Die original. Most of the American 
collections follow Toplady's text with slight 
variations, and abbreviations as in the Bap. 
Praise Bk., N. Y., 1671 ; Songs for the Sanc- 
tuary, N. Y., 1865-72, &c. The abbreviated 
texts in the Irish Church Hymnal, 1873; Dr. 
Hatfield's Church H. Bk., 1872; Stowell's 
Ft. &ffys., 1831 and 1877, and others, are from 
the original. No. 151, in the Mitre, 1836, is a 
cento, st i., ii. being from this hymn, and 
liL, iv. from C. Wesley's " Spirit of faith, come 
down," in each case with alteration. Full 
orig. text in Lyra Brit. 1867, p. 273. [J. J.] 

Come, Holy Spirit, Heavenly Dove, 
My sinful maladies remove. 8. Browne. 
[Whitsuntide,'} Few hymns in the English 
language have been subjected to so many 
alterations and changes as this, which ac- 
cording to the author's title, concerns " Tho 
Soul giving itself up to the Conduct and In- 
fluence of the Holy Spirit" An enumeration 
of alt these changes would tend to increase 
rather than to lessen tho complications which 
surround the various tcxtB in modern hymnals. 
The_ most that can be done will bo to give the 
original text, and then to indicate the sources 
of tbo important changes in C. U. 

]. The hymn appeared in S. Browne's Hy». 
<fc Spiritual Songs, 1720, Bk, i., No, 131, 
pp. 178, 174, in 7 st. of 4 1., as follows :— 

«* Come, Holy Spirit, heav'nly Dove, 

My sinful maladies remove ; 

lie Thou my light, be Tbou my golds, 

Oler every thought and step preside. 
" The light of truth to me display. 

That Imay know and cbuse my wayi 

Plant holy fear within mine bout. 

That I from God may ne'er depart . 
* Conduct me sate, conduct me far 

From every stu and hurtful snare i 

Lead me to God, my final rest, 

In His enjoyment to be bleat. 
** Lead me to Christ, tlie living way, 

Hot let me from bis pastures stray ; 

Lead me to heav'g, tlte seat of busB, 

'Where pleasure In perfection is. 



COME, HOLY SPIRIT 

" Load me to holiness, the road 

That I must take to dwell with God; 

Lead to Thy void, that rules must give, 

And sure directions bow to live. 
" Lead me to means of grace, where I 

May own my wants, and seek supply ; 

Lead to Thyself, tbs spring from whence 

To fetch all qulck'ntng Influence. 
" Thus I, conducted still by Thee, 

Of God a child beloved sfiatl be; 

Here to His family pertain. 

Hereafter with Him ever reign," 

2. In 1769 Ash and Evans pub. in their 
Bristol CdU., as Na 161, the following version : 

*' Come, Holy Spirit, heavenly Dove, 
With light and comfort from above ; 
Be Thou our Guardian, Thou our Guide, 
O'er every Thought and Step preside. 

" Conduct ut safe, conduct its far 
From every Sin and hurtful Snore ; 
Lead to Thy Word that Rules must give, 
And leach at Latum bow to live. 

" The Light of Troth to w display, 
And make ut know and choose I*]f Way ; 
Plant holy Few In every Heart, 
That toe ftom God may ne'er depart. 

" Lead ntta Holineas, the Boad, 
That we most take to dwell with God ; 
Lead ut to Christ, die living Way, 
Nor Jet ut from His pastures stray. 

" Lead tu to God, nr final Best, 
In His enjoyment to be blcss'd t 
Lead tu to Heaven, the Seat of Bliss, 
Where Pleasure lu Perfection is. D," 

8. This version was included in Toplady's 
Ft. & Hyt„ 2nd ed. t edited by Walter Bow, 
1787, No. 395, with the following alterations: 

St, L, 1. 1, "Coma graciout Spirit, heavenly Dove," 
St. 11., 1. 3, Lead to Thy word; for that must give. 

This version was again repeated with minor 
changes, inolnding « precepts "tot" pastores," 
in Cotterill's Sel, 1819, and others. 

4. The next change of importance came 
with Hall's Mitre, 1836, No. 79, in which the 
last stanza reads : — 

" Lead «t W God, our onljP rest, 
7b be wflA Him far ever blest ; 
Lead ut to heaven that we may llili-{, 
Fvltvat of joy for ever there. 

5. In Mercer, 1864, this verso is transposed 
as: — 

11 Lead us to heaven, that we may soars 
Fulness of Joy for over there! 
Load na to God, our final rest. 
To be with Him for ever bleat." 

6. On comparing tho texts of modem col- 
lections with those details we find that (1) 
tho original is represented in LoTd Selbome's 
Bk. of Praise liymnaJ, 1867; and Dr. Hat- 
field's Church B. Bk., N. Y„ 1872; (2) the 
Ash & Evans text as in tho Bap. Ps. & Hys., 
1858-80, with "gracious" for "holy"; (3) 
the interwoven text of Browne', Ash & Evans, 
Tcvlady, and Hall, as in tho H. Comp,, with 
14 final rest " for " only rest ; " (4) tho Browne, 
Ath & Evans, Toplady, Gotterill, and Mercer 
text, Oxford ed. of Mercer, No. 228; and, 
through the same souroe, tho Hvmnary, 1872, 
and H. A. & M., 1875, &c Tho American 
collections fallow in the same tracks, and are 
generally reproductions of tho English text. 
Two centos remain to be noticed, that in 
Thong's CWt, 1882, where st. vi. of tho 
original is rewritten by tho editor, and tho 
arrangement, "Come gracious Spirit, gift of 
love," which is found in the B. S. Union H. 
Bfc.,tuid other collections for children, [J. J.] 



COME, HOLT SPIBTT 

Come, Holy Spirit. Heavenly Dove, [ 
With all Thy, to. I. Watt*. [TFfiifeun- 
tide.] 1st pub. in his fljr*. * S. &ng*, 1707, 
(c<]„ 1709, Bk. ii., No. 34, in 5 at. of 4 1. J, and 
entitled, "Breathing after the Holv Spirit; or, 
Fervency of Devotion desired." The changes 
which have been made in this hymn are very 
numerous. Abont twenty texts are now in 
C. U., each differing from the other in some 
detail, and all joining in reketin^ certain ex- 
pressions in the original. The original reads : 

" Come, Holy Spirit, Heartily Dots, 
With all Thy qulck'nttig pow 'n, 
Kindle a Same or sacred lovs 
In tbese cold hnrta of mn. 
" Look how we grovel here below, 
Fond of these trifling toys t 
Out souls can neither fly nor 0> 
To reach eternal fay*. 
" In vain we ttroe our formal songs, 
In vain we strive to rise, 
Hoeannas languish on oar tongues, 
And our devotion dtes. 

11 Dear Lord! and shall we ever live 
At this poor dying rate, 
Onr love so faint, so cold to Thee, 
And Thine to us so great? 
*' Come, Holy Spirit, Heartily Dove, 
With all Tfiy qniok'nlnB poWra, 
Come* shed abroad a Saviour's love. 
And that shall kindle ours." 

Tho changes whloh have been made in this 
text have been mainly directed against si ii. 
and iv. J. Wesley mot tlio difficulty in hie 
Coll. of Ft. and Jays., 1713, by omitting at ii, 
and making st iv., 1. 1, to read, "jind sliatt 
ae then for ever live.'' This text was given in 
tho Svpp. to tho Wet. H. UK 1S30 ; the re- 
vised ed., 1S75, and others. The reading of 
st, ii., II. 3, 4, which has been received with 
tho greatest favour is : — 

•' Our souk, how heaviiy Otygo 
To teach eternal Joys." 

This was given in G. Whitefield's Coll, 17E3, 
No. 99, and repeated hy M. Modem, 1760 ; 
Tophdy, 177C; Bichenteth, 1833, and thns to 
modern collections, Tho most acceptable 
reading of st. iv, 1. 1, 2, 

" Dear Lord ! and shall we ever be 
In this post dying state," 

was given in Bickersteth's Christ. Psalmody, 
1831). The numerous minor changes in tho 
text of litis hymn we cannot note. The re- 
written forms of tho text, ono by Cotteril), in 
his Set., 1819, and the second by Hall or 
Osier, in the Milre, 1830, are both failures. 
The American collections vary in their read- 
ings in common with thoso of Q. Britain. In 
its various forms the use of this hymn is ex- 
tensive. [J. J.] 

Corns, Immortal King of GHory. T. 

divers. [Advent — Judgment."] One form of 
this hymn, in 20 st. of 6 1. was pub. by tho 
author us a pamphlet, and printed by Griffith 
Wright, at Leeds, but undated. A second 
form in 36 st, with parallel Scriptnro refer- 
ences, was printed at Bristol, and dated 1763. 
The two forms were reprinted by D. Sedgwick 
in his reprint of Olivcrs's Hymns, 1808. Two 
centos have been compiled from the second 
form of tho hymn as follows : — 

1. Oome, Lord Joint, O come quickly. Thla fs Ho. 
33d In Bnepp's Stmgt of o.& <?., 18T2, and is composed 
nf st. S, wt, 21, as, 31 and W. 



COMB, LET US ADOBE 247 

S, Lo! Heoemwwltaelottasdesoendlng;! Haiklthe 
trump, to. This was given in Lord Seloome'B Bk. of 
PraUt, 1SS2, and la composed of St. 4, S, I, t, Ifc 11, 
SS, 24, II, », 31, as. 

These centos are usually dated 1757, This 

date is uncertain with regard to the first form 
of the hymn, and certainly wrong as applied 
to the second form, from which they are token. 
[Boo Lo Ha eomes, &c.] [W. T. B.] 

Come in, thou blessed of the Lord ; 
Enter in Jesus, &c T. Kelly. {Reception 
of a Member.'] Appeared in Kelly's Appx. of 
original hymns, added to A CoU. of 1's. & 
By*., Dublin, 1802, No. 268, in 5 st. of 4 I., as 
" Come on, thou blessed," 4c, In his Hyt. t 
&o„ 1801, and later eda, it is changed to 
u Come in," Ac. Of the S stanzas, 4 were 
repeated by Montgomery in his Christ. 
Psalmist, 1825, as an anonymous hymn. It 
has failed to attain a position in G. Britain, 
but in America it is given in several hymnals, 
including Song* for the {Sanctuary, 1865-72, 
and others. It is sometimes given as. " Come 
in, thou blessed of the Lord, O come, Ac 

[J. JO 

Come in, thou blessed of the Lord; 
Stranger nor foe, <Ssc J. Montgomery, 
[Beeeption of a Member.'} In the x. msb. this 
hymn is dated " July 1, 18S4." It was pub. 
in Conner's Cong. E. Bk., 1836, No. 471, in 
6 st. of 4 1., and again in Montgomery's Ori- 
ginal Hymns, 1853, No, 150. Its popularity U 
greater in America than in G. Britain. [J. J.] 

Come, kingdom of our God. J. John*. 
[Prayer for the increase of Spiritual Life. 
Contributed to Beard's Manchester Unitarian 
CoU., 1887, No. 203, in 5 st of 4 1., and 
headed, " Prayer for tho kingdom of God." 
In 1840 it was repeated iu Dr. Martineau'e 
Hyout*, &c, t and subsequently in numerous 
Unitarian and other collections in G, Britain 
and America. It is sometimes used on behalf 
of Missions. The fifth stanza, which is the 
finest in tho hymn, is usually omitted in the 
American collections. Orig. text in Dr. Mar- 
tineau'e Hymns, tec, 1873, and the American 
Hys. and Songs of Praise, N. T,, 1871, with, in 
the laltcr, st v., 1, 2, " raise the," for " roiso 
Thy glorious throne." [J, J.] 

Come, labour on 1 Who dares, &o. 
Jane Borthaick. [Labour for Christ ] This 
hymn was given in Miss Borthwiak'e Thoughts 
for Thoughtful Hours, 1859, in 7 st. of 5 1., 
but in tho new cd. of 1863, p. 48, it was re- 
arranged as 7 st. of 5 1., and in this form it 
has come into C. U, in many hymnals, in- 
cluding Thring, the H. Camp., Snepp, &e., 
and a few American collections. [J. J.] 

Come, let our voices join to raise. 
I. Watts. [P*. akt»0 His h. w. version of the 
95th Ps., given iu his Pi, of David, &c, 1719, 
in 1 st. of 4 I., and headed, "Canaan lost 
thro' Unbelief ; or, a Warning to delaying Sin- 
ners." Its use in G. Britain is limited. Iu 
America it is found in a large number of hym- 
nals. Sometimes, as in the Church Pastoral*, 
Boston, 1864, it begins with st ii., " Come, let 
onr souls address tho Lord." [J. J.] 

Come, let us adore the Lord's gra- 
cious hand. J. Cenniok. [Morning."] Ap- 
peared in his Sacred Hymns, Ac, 1713, Ft, &., 
No. SO, in 4 st. of 8 1. In 17S8 it was 



248 COMB, LET US ANEW 

given as No. 13, in G. Whiteneld s CoH, but 
in this form it is almost unknown to modern 
hymnals. In some American hymn-books, as 
Worcester's Ps. and Hut., 1834, and Hys. and 
Sottas of Praise, N. Y., 1871, st. ii.-iv. are 
given as "Our Saviour alone, the Lord let 
ns Mess." [J. J.] 

Come, let ua anew, Oar Journey 
pursue, Boll round, &c. C. Wesley. 
[Nob Year."] This popular hymn is much 
used by the Methodist* at their Watohnight 
and Covenant Services, and is widely known 
in all English -speaking countries. It was 1st 
pub. as No. 5 of 7 hymns in a penny tract, en- 
titled Hyt. for item) Year* Day, XDCCL., and 
is in 3 st. of 8 1. {P. Work*, 1868-72, vol. vi. 
p. 11). In 1760 it was adopted by iff. Madan, 
in 1776, by Toplady, and later on by others in 
the Church of England ; by J. Wesley in the 
Wet. E. Bk., 1780, No. 45, and by Noncon- 
formists generally. [J. J.] 

Come, let us ascend, My companion 
and friend. C. Wesley. [Chrittian Fellow- 
ship."] This is No. 231, in vol. ii. of the 
Hyt. A 8. Poena, 1719, in 8 Bt of 6 1. (P. 
Works, 1368-72, vol. v. p. 157). M. Madan 
gave 6 stanzas in his ColL, 1760; Top- 
lady repeated the some in his Pt. & Hyt, 
1776, aud thus the hymn came intense in the 
Church of England. With the change in 
at iv. 1. 8, of "In the city" to "In the 
palace," it was included in fnll in the Wet. 
H. Bk„ 1780, No. 186, and is retained in the 
revised ed., 1875, No. 499. Both this text, 
and that of Madam, are in C U. Interesting 
notes on the spiritual benefits conferred on 
persons by this hymn, are given in Steven- 
son's Meth. H. Bk. Notet, 1883. [J. J.] 

Come, let us join our cheerful songs. 
I. Wait*. [Pntus.l This is one of the most 
widely known and highly esteemed of Watts's 
compositions. It has no special history beyond 
tho fact that it appeared in his Hyt. & 8. 
Songs, 1707, and the enlarged ed. 1709, Bk. 
i, No. G2, in 5 st. of 1 1., and was headed 
" Christ Jesns the Lamb of God, worshipped 
by all the Creation, Kev. v. 11-13." Tho 
ftio&t popular form of the hymn is in 4 st., 
the st "Let all that dwell above the sky (iv.) 
being omitted. This text was adopted by 
Whitefield, 1753: Madan, 1760; De Courey, 
1775 ; Toplady, 1776, and many others amongst 
the older compilers, and is retained by far the 
greater number of modem editors, both in G. 
Britain and America. The hymn, in whole, or 
in par^ has been rendered into many lan- 
guages, including one in Latin, " Venite, 
Banoti, nostra laeta oarmina," in Bingham's 
Hymno. Chritt. Lot 1871. [J. J.] 

Come, let ns join our friends above. 
C. Wesley. [Communion of Saints.'] 1st pub. 
in his Funeral Hymns, 2nd Series, 1759, No. 1, 
in 5 St. of 8 1., and entitled, " A Funeral 
Hymn." Although it was not included in the 
Wet. H. Bk. until the addition of the Swop, in 
1830, it had been in O. U. outside of Metho- 
dism for many years before, and was well 
known, especially through st. ii. ; — 
" One fsmily va dwell la Him, 
One church stove, beneath. 
Though now dlrided by the sti 
The narrow stream it death 



GOME, LET US SEARCH 

One army of tbe living God, 
To His command we bow : 
Fait of His host have crossed the flood, 
And part are crossing now." 
The use of the hymn, either in full or in an 
abbreviated form, has extended to all English- 
speaking countries. Orig. text in P. Work* 
1868-72, vol. vi. p. 215; and notes of some 
interest concerning spiritual benefits derived 
by many from the hymn, in Stevenson's Meth. 
H. Bk. Notet, 1883, p. 561. 

In addition to the use of the original text 
in its full, or in an abridged form, there are 
also the following hymns which are derived 
therefrom: — 

1. "The aainta en earth and these above," This ap- 
peared in the Aflpendis to the 6th ed. of CottertU's £&. 
I81S, No. 1ST tin Montgomery's Christian Ptttimitt, 
1825; aud in several modern hymn-books. It Is com- 
posed as follows:— St. i. From I. Watts's Hjn. * 8. 
Sangt, 17OT, Bk, ii.. No. 1M, at. v., which reads :— 
'• The saints on earth and all the dead 
Bat one commuiuoa make; 
All join la Christ, their living head. 
And of Hla grace partake. 
This ta altered to:— 

" The saints on earth and those dbow 
But one communion make ; 
Joined to their Latd in bonds qfltmt, 
Att of His grace partake." 
St, H.-V. are st. ii.,lii.,U. 1-4, and v., II, 4-8, of "Come, 
let ns Join," tx., slightly altered. In the S.P.C.K. 
Church Sfi. the last line of the cento la altered, and in 
Turing's Coll. 18*1, the last three lines are by Preben- 
dary Thrfug- 

1. "Let aainta below Join aainta above," Thlaap- 
neared in Murray's Htpimal, ISM. No. Ill, add is C. 
Wesley's text partly rewritten, and reduced to 4 st. of 
41. 

S. "Let aainta on earth in eoneert aiu." This, as 
given in H. A. A M. in MM and ISIS, is Murray's 
arrangement of Wesley's text as above with the omis- 
sion of st. 1. This Is altered in tbe Harrow School 
JUlrmna, 186?, to "Let all below In concert sing." 

i. " Oome, let ua jinn our ftwnda above, whoae glory 
i» begun." This, In the Marlborough. Ooliigt J/yi„ 
18SB, No. 104, Is C. Wesley's text somewhat altered, 
aud with many of the lines transposed. 

The combined nse of the original and these 
altered forms of the text is very extensive in 
all English-speaking countries. [J, J.] 

Come, let us lift our joyful eyes. 

I. Waite. [Chritt the Mediator.! This is No. 
108, Bk. ii., of his Hyt. and 8. Songs, 1707, in 
6 Bt. of 4 1., and ia entitled, "Access to a 
throne of grace by a Mediator." In the older 
collections, as G. Whitefield's, 1753, and others, 
it was given in full, but in modern hymnals 
st. ii. and iii. are usually omitted, most editors 
both in G. Britain and America declining to 
maintain concerning the Throne of God : — 
" Once twas a seat of dreadful wrath, 
And ehot devouring flame j 
Our God appeared consuming fire, 
And Vengeance was His name. 
" Bleb were tbe drops of Jesus' blood. 
That calm'd His frowning face, 
Tbat sprinkled o'er the burning Throne, 
And turned the wrath to grace." 

This hymn Is sometimes misdated 1719, the 
date of Watts's Psalms. [J. J.] 

Come, let us search, our [hearts! 
ways and try. J. Wattt. [Truthfulness.] 
1st pub. in his Sermons, 1721-24, vol ii. in 6 
Bt. or 4 1. In this form it is seldom found in 
any hymn-book, rather old or new. It was re- 
written as " Oome, let us search our hearts and 
try" (i.-iii. Watts; iv. original^ by E. Osier 
for Hall's MUre H. Bk., 1836, No. 171. Osier 
made further alterations in the text for his 



DOME, LET US SING 

Church and King, June, 1S37, p. 138, where 
it is appended to an essay on the Church 
Service fur the 4th S. alter Trinity. The 
Church and King text IB usually followed. 
It is in "Windles Coll., No. 67 (st, iii., 1. 1, 
speak for (att), the Harrow School Hymns, 
18S5-57. [J. J-] 

Come, let tu> sing the song of songs. 
J. Montgomery, [Praise.] According to the 
x. mm. this hymn was written in 1841. It 
was pub. in Ins Original Hymns, 1853, No. 
89, in 7 st. of 4 L Although but little known 
in G. Britain, it is somewhat extensively used 
in America. As altered in the People's If., 
1807, it has passed into the Churchman's 
Altar Manual, 1S82, and others. [J. J.] 

Come, let us to the Lord our God. 
J. Morison. [Lent.] 1st appeared as No. 30 in 
the Draft Scottish Trans, and Paraphrases, 
1781, as a version of Hosea, vi. 1-4, in 6 St. 
of 4 1. Here are the following variations from 
the public worship ed. issued in that year by 
the Church of Sootland, and still in use : — 

Si. ill., 1. 4, Booking In his right. 

St. It, 1. 1,'Hien shall wskuoif His grtoeutd love. 

St. lv., 1. a, U him we nuUu our choice. 
In the markings by the eldest daughter of 
W. Cameron (q. v.), it is given as " Morison 
altered by Logan," It is one of the finest of 
the Paraphrase*, and has recently come into 
extensive use, as in England in the Hy. Comp., 
1871-1877; the flop. Hymnal, 1879, &c; and 
in America in the Andover Sabbath H. Ek., 
1858, and others. Included in full, and un- 
altered, in Taring's OoXL, 1882, No. 274, and 
the Free Chureh H. Bk., 1882, No. 48. In the 
Irvinglte Bymm for the use of the Churches, 
1864, st. iiL-vi beginning, "Long hath the 
night of sorrow reined," are included as No. 
13 (ed. 1871, No. 48), and appointed for Ad- 
vent; and the same asNo.43*4iuthe American 
Dutch Reformed H. Bk., 1869. Inoloded in 
two ports, pi ii. beginning, " Our hearts, if 
God we seek to know," as Ho. 62 in Miss Lee- 
sou's Paraphrase* and Hyt. for Congregational 
Singing, 1853. [J. M.] 

Come, let us use the grace divine. 
C, Wesley, [Confirmation.'] 1st pub. in his 
Short Hymns, 4c, 1762, vol. ii., No. 1242, in 
3 st. of 8 1., and based upon Jer. L 5 (P. 
Works, 1868-72, vol. x. p. 46). In 1780 it 
was included in the Wet. H. Ek., No. 518, 
from whence it has passed into other col- 
lections of the Methodist bodies. It was also 
given by Montgomery in his Christian Psalm- 
ist, 1825, and is found in some Nonconformist 
collections. The form in which it is usually 
given in the Church of England hymnals 
appeared in Bickersteth's Chritt. Psalmody, 
1833, as, '' Come, let us seek the grace of God," 
as in Snepp's S. of G. and G., 1872. [J. J.] 

Come, let ub who in Christ believe. 
C. Wesley. [Praise to Chritt.] Appeared in 
his 3 ys. on God's Everlasting Love, tod Series, 
Lond. 1741, No. 8, in 14 st of 4 1. In the 
Wes. H. Bk., 1780, st. i., xii., xiii., xiv. were 
given as No. 200. This cento has been re- 
peated in various collections in G. Britain and 
America, and is the received form of the 
hymn. Bee Wet. H. Bk., 1875, No. 208, and 
the Amer. Meth. Eplsoo. Eymnal, 1878, No. 28 
(P. Works, 1868-72, vol iu. p. 64). [J. J.j 



COMB, O THOU ALL 



249 



Come, little children, learn to praise. 
[Praise to God.] Appeared in B. Hill's Colt. 
ofEyt. for S. Schooft. 1808, in 6 st. of 4 1. 
In this form it is unknown to the modern 
hymnals, but as " Come, children, learn your 
God to praise," it is given in several, includ- 
ing the S. S, V, Coll. and others. Possibly 
the hymn is by B. Hill, but we have no 
evidence to that effect [W. T. B.] 

Come, Lord, and tarry not E.Bonar. 

[Second Advent desired.] Printed in May, 1846, 
at the end of one of the Kelso Tractt, and again 
in his BJys, of Faith and Hope, 1857. It is in 
14 st. of 4 L, with the heading " Come, Lord," 
and the motto from St. Augustine, "Sennit 
mnndus." Centos, varying in length and 
construction, but all beginning with st. 1, ore 
in extensive use in America, In G. Britain 
it is less popular, A oento, beginning with 
st ii., '' Come, Lord ; Thy saints for Thee," is 
also given in Kennedy, 1863, No. 22. [J. J.] 
Come, Lord, and warm each languid 
heart. Anne Steele. [Joyt of Heaven.] 1st 
pub. in her Poems, chiefly Devotional, &o., 
1760, vol i. p. 34 (2nd ed., 1780, vol. i. p. 84) ; 
and in Sedgwick's reprint of her .Hymns, 1868, 
p. 21. In the Ash & Evans Bristol Coll, 1769, 
8 sts. were given as No. 402, and were thus 
introduced into the Nonconformist hymnals. 



B. Con vers (Pi. <£ Hys„ 2nd ed., 1774, No. 
and W. Bow, through Toplady's Ps. & Hyt., 
2nded., 1787, No. 411, gave other centos to the 
Church of England. Centos, all beginning 
with st. i., and usually compiled from one of 
those collections, are found in a great number 
of hymnals both in G. Britain and America. 

[J. J.] 
Come, magnify the Saviour's love. 
E. Osier. [Pattiontide.] let pub. in Hall's 
Mitre, 1836, No. 95, and again in the author's 
Church and King, March, 1837 (p. 84), whore 
it is given after a prose meditation on " Christ 
exalted through humiliation and suffering," 
being the theme for the Sunday next before 
Easter, From the Mitre it has passed into 
several collections. The Mitre text, which 
differs somewhat from Chureh and King, is 
generally adopted. [J. J.] 

Come, mild and holy Dove, J. Austin, 

[Whitsuntide.] 1st pub. in 10 st. of 4 1. in bis 
Devotions in the Ancient Way of Offices, 1668 
(for Lauds for the Holy Ghost) and in the 
adaptations of the same by Dorrinfcton and 
Hickes. No. 140 in the Anglican H. BK18G8, 
is a cento from this hymn in 4 st. [W. T, B.j 

Come, my soul, thy suit prepare. J. 
Newton. [Prayer.] Appeared in the Olney 
Hymns, 1779, Book L, No. 31, in 7 st. of 4 1., 
and in later editions of the same. It was in- 
cluded in some of the older collections, and 
is still in extensive use in G. Britain and 
America, sometimes in full, and again in uu 
abbreviated form. Orig. text as above, and 
in Lyra Brit., 1867. [J. J.] 

Come, O Thou all victorious Lord. 
O. Wesley. [Lent.] Written during a visit to 
Portland. June, 1746 (see the author's Journal 
and Meth, Mag,, May, 1869), where the occu- 
pation of the quanymen suggested the Hue of 
thought and ttie appeal : — 

" Strike with the hammer of Thv word 
Ami hresk these hearts of stone." 



£50 COME, THOU TRAVELLED 

It ww 1st pub. in Hys. & S. Poems, 1749, in 
7 st. of 4 1., and headed, " Written before 
preaching at Portland." In 1780 it was in- 
cluded, with two minor alterations, in the 
Wet. H. Bit., No. 82, and has been retained in 
all subsequent editions*. From that collection 
it has passed into many others, in G. Britain 
and America. Orig text, P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. v. p. 12*. In Kennedy, 1883, No. 354, it 
appears in a slightly altered form as, " All 
gracious, all victorious Lord," but its use as 
thus altered is not extensive. A cento com- 
posed of st, iii., v. and iv. slightly altered was 
also jtiven in the American Unitarian Hys. 
for the Ch. of Christ, Boston, 1853, as, " Give 
ns ourselves and Thee to know." [J. J.] 

Gome, O Thou Traveller unknown. 

C Wesley. [Prayer.'] This poem was 1st pub. 
in Hyt. 4 8. Poem, 1742, in 14 st. of 6 I., and 
entitled " Wrestling Jacob." It is based on 
the incident in Jacob's life as recorded in 
Gen. xxxii. 24-32. Although a poem of great 
power and finish, it is uusuited to Public 
Worship, It received the most unqualified 
praise from I. Watts, who, J. Wesley said, 
did not scruple to say, "that single poem, 
Wrestling Jacob, was worth all the verses he 
himself had written " (Minutes of Conference, 
1788} ; and J. Montgomery wrote of it as : — 

"Among C. Wesley's highest achievements may be 
recoiled, "Come, O Thou Traveller unhnown," &c, p. 
43, In which, with consummate art, he has carried on the 
action of a lyrical dtatna ; every turn In the conflict with 
the mysterious Relng against whom he wrestles all night, 
being marked with precisian by the varying language of 
the speaker, accompanied by intense, Increasing interest, 
tilt the rapturous moment of discovery, whan bepre. 
vails, and exclaims, * I know Thee, Saviour, Who Thou 
art.'" (Christ. Fstsimist, IMS. xxjil.-iv.) 

Notwithstanding this high commendation, 
and of it as a poem it is every way worthy, its 
unsuitability for congregational purposes is 
strikingly seen in the fact that it is seldom 
found in any hymnal, either old or new, 
except those of the Methodist denominations. 

In 1780 it was given, with the omission of 
at. v. and vii. in the Wes. H. Bk,, No. 13G, in 
two parts, Pt. ii, being, " Yield to me now, for 
I ain weak." These parts were subsequently 
(od. 1797) numbered as separate hymns, and 
as such are Nos. 140 and 141 in tho revised 
ed., 1815. In QtaHys.forthsvseoftlteJitth. 
Episco. Ch., N. Y, 1849, it is broken up into 
four parts, each being numbered as a separato 
hymn, as : — " Oome, O Thou Traveller un- 
known " ; " Wilt Thou not yet to me reveol " ; 
" Yield to me now, for I am weak " ; and " The 
Sun of Righteousness on me." In their new 
Hymnal, 1878, which has taken the place of the 
1849 book, tho division, " Wilt Thou," ho., is 
included in tho first, "Come, Thou, Ac." 
There is also a cento from this poem in the 
S. Cong., No. 1063, beginning, " O Lord, my 
God, to mo reveal." Orig. text in P. Works, 
1808-72, voL ii. p. 173. [J. J.] 

Come on, companions of our way. 
J. Montgomery. [Life a Pilgrimage.] Written 
for the Sheflteld Bed Hill S. S. Anniversary 
and printed on a broadsheet, March, 1829 
[M.MSS.J in 4 st. of C 1. In 1853 it was in- 
cluded in his Original Hymn*. No. 153. It is 
the Scottish Evang. Union Hyl, 1878. [J. J,] 



COMB, POKE HEABTS 

Come on, my partners in distress. 
C. Wesley. [Heaven anticipated.] Thishymn 
has interwoven itself into the personal spiri- 
tual history of Methodists probably more 
completely than any other hymn by 0. Wesley. 
The instances given in Stevenson's Methodwt 
H. Book Notes, 1883, p. 235, and the Index, 
although numerous and interesting, but very 
inadequately represent the hold it has upon 
the Methodist mind and feeling. Its literary 
merits also place it high amongst the author's 
productions. Its history is simple. It ap- 
peared in tho Hys. and S. Poems, 1749, in 
8 st of 8 I.; in M. Madaa's Coll, 1760, in 

5 st. ; and again in the Wes. if. Bk., 1780, with 
the omission of st. iii., as No. 324. Tho last 
form of the text has passed into numerous 
hymnals in all English-speaking countries. 
Two centos from the hymn are also in 0. U., 
both commencing with st ii. : — « Beyond tho 
bounds of time and space." The first is in 
the Leeds H. Bk., 1853, No. 038, and others, 
and the second in Mereer, Oxford ed. 1864-72, 
No.404. Orig.tert,P. Fori*, 1868-72, vol. v. 
p. 168. [J. J.] 

Come, our indulgent Saviour, come. 
P. Doddridge. [Easter.] 1st pub. in J. 
Orion's ed. of Doddridge's Hymns, Ac., 1755, 
No. 245, in 5 st. of 4 1, and entitled " The 
Disciples' Joy at Christ's appearance to them 
after the Besurrection." It was also given in 
J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the same, 1839. 
The form in which it is usually known 
is, *■ Come, condescending Saviour, oome." 
This was given in the Bristol Coll of Ash 

6 Evans, 1769, No. 211. It was repeated in 
Bickersteth's Christian Psalmody, 1833, and 
other collections, and was thus handed down 
to the modem hymnals. In Dr. Alexander's 
Augustine H. Bk., 1849-65, st. i., ii,, and iv. 
are givon as, " Come, great and gracious 
Saviour, come " ; and in tho Bapt. Hymnal, 
1879, st. iv. and v. as, "Enter onr hearts, 
Redeemer blest." [J. J.] 

Come, pure hearts, in sweetest 
measures. B. Campbell. [Feast* of Evan- 
gdists.] This is a tr. of a Latiu cento. Camp- 
ball's original MS. is headed " PsaJlat chorus 
oorde mundo." Paraphrase upon three stanzas 
of Adam of St. Yictor's iwo hymns, " De SS. 
Evangelistic." The cento is thuB composed : — 

Bt, 1, Psallat chorus oorde mundo. "Come, pure 
hearts. In sweetest measures." This was taken from 
the text of CI&A&hkhj, as in Trench's Rgc Lat. I\Ktry, 
18»», and not from the original, which reads, "IMausu 
chorus laetabundo." 

Bt it Paxadttus his ligatur. " Sec the rivers four 
that gladden," Is at. S of "Jucundareplobs fidelis," as Lu 
Daniel, 11. p. H. 

St, Hi. Horum rlvo debriatia, - Here our hearts 
Inebriated," iB st. s of u Jucundare," &c, as above. 

This paraphrase was pub. in his St An- 
drews Hys. et Aniftems, 1850, p. 96. It was 
repeated with slight alterations in Borison's 
Hys. <fc A-nthems, 1851, and one or two others, 
but its use was limited until 1801, when tho 
compilers of Hyt. A. & if. adopted st. L, ii. 
from Campbell, and replaced st. iii, with one 
of their own. In the Hymnary, st. i.-iii. arc 
from Campbell, slightly altered, nnd st. iv. is 
new. Tl:o teit of Ijaudes Domini, N. Y., 1884, 
is from Hys. A. & M. Full Latin texts are 



COME, SEE THE PLACE 

in Qautter, ii., 1839; Wrangham, iii., 1883 
(with tr.) ; .Dowel, ii. 84-88. [J. J.] 

Come, Bee the place where Jesus 
lay, for he hath left, be. J.Montgomery. 
[Batter.] Written for "The Seventh An- 
niversary of the Sheffield and Attercliffe 
Missionary Union in nid of tlie London Mis- 
sionary Society,*' and first sung in public in 
Howard Street Independent Chapel, Sheffield, 
on Easter Sunday, April 2nd, 1820. It was 
printed on a flyleaf for use at these services, 
and signed "J. M." In 1825 It wasincluded, 
after careful revision, by Montgomery in his 
Chritt. Psalntfet, No. 407, in 6 sL of 4 L, and 
entitled, "The power of Christ's Resurrec- 
tion," No. 495, and again in Original fTys., 
1853, No. 127. Its nee is extensive, the 
revised text of 1825-53 being that which Is 
usually followed [J. J.] 

Come, sinners, to the gospel feast, 
Let every soul, As. C. Wethy. {Invito- 
Won.] 1st pub. in his Hyt.for those oho *eek 
and that* who have Redemption, Ac, 1747, in 
24 st. of 4 !., and entitled " The Great Sup- 
per"(P.Trm*«,1868-72,vol.iv.p.274). Two 
centos, both beginning with st. i., ore in 
0. U.: — (1) that which was included in 
M. Madan's Coll, 1760, No. 22, in 8 st, and 
is the source of the text as given in the 
Churuh of England hymnals; and (2) the 
We*. S. Bk. cento given in that 8*1., 1780, 
and repeated in various Nonconformist collec- 
tions. A cento for Holy Communion is also 
in the earliest eds. of the Lady Huntingdon 
CoK., beginning; — 

" Gome, slnnerv, to the aoapel feist; 
Jcsnia Invites yon tat His goest." 

In late eds.ofthesomeCoH.it begins "Come, 
sinner," Ac, It is compiled front fit. L, xii, 
xxii., xxiii. A hymu beginning; — 
11 Come, atanen, to the gospel feast ; 
coma witliout delay, " 

fs included in many American collections, as 
Dr. Hatfield's Ckureh E. Bk., 1872 ; the Bap. 
Praise Bk,, 1871, Ac, It has been traced to 
the Bap. PwImfcJ of Stow A Smith, 1843, 
No. 418. In some of those collections it is 
token for granted that it is the same cento as 
that in the Lady Huntingdon Coll. It has, 
howevor, nothing in common with that cento, 
nor with 'Wesley's original, except the first 
line. In st. L, 1. 3 rends, " Por there is room 
in Jesus' breast," and through the remaining 
four stanzas the changes are rung on the 
expression, " There's room,'' a Btyle of compo- 
sition altogether foreign to C. Wesley's usual 
method. It is Anon., 1848. [J. J.] 

Come then, my God, the promise 
seal. C. WmUy. [Prayer.] This is the 
second of two hymns on St. Mark, xi. 21, 
" What things soever ye desire when ye pray," 
&c„ which appeared in his Short Hys., Ac., 
17C2, vol. ii., No. 314, in 3 st. of 8 1., and 
again in the P. Works, 1868-72, vol, xi. p. 45. 
In 1780 it wo* given in the We*. H. Bk., No. 
405, as " Come, my God, the promise seal," 
and in this form it tins passed into various 
collections in G. Britain and America. £J. J.] 

Come, Thou Almighty King. [Holy 
Trinity.] The earliest form in which this 
hymn is found is in 5 st. of 7 L, with the 



COME, THOU CONQUEROR 251 

title, "An Hymu to the Trinity," on a tract 
of four pages, together with st. 1, 2, 6, 10, 
11, and 12, of OT "Wesley's hymn on "The 
Backslider," beginning '' Jesus, let Thy 
pitying eye," &c, thus making up a tract of 
two hymns. The date of this tract is un- 
known. It is bound up with the! British 
Museum copy of the 6th ed. of G, Whitefield's 
Coil., 1757, and again with the copies in the 
mae library of the 8th ed., 1759, and the 9tli, 
1760. In subsequent editions beginning with 
the 10th, 1761, both hymns were incorporated 
in the body of the book. M Madan Included 
it in the Appendix to his CoK. in 1763, No. 
exev., and through this channel, together with 
the Whitefield CML it lias descended to 
modern hymnals. The loss of the titlepage 
(if any) of the above tract renders the question 
of its authorship one of some doubt. The first 
hymn in the tract is compiled, as indicated, 
from C. Wesley's hymn, "Jesus, let Thy 
pitying eye," which nppeared in his Hys. * 
8. Poems, 1749, some eight years before the 
abridged form was given in G. "Whitefleld'tJ 
CoU. The hymn, "Come, Thou Almighty 
King,'' however, cannot be found in any known 
publication of 0. Wesley, and the assigning 
of the authorship to him is pure conjecture. 
Seeing that it is given, together with another 
hymn, at the ena of some copies oF the 6th, 
8th and 9th ed. of Whiteneld's CoU. (1757, 
1759 and 1760), and was subsequently em- 
bodied in that CoU, the most probable con- 
clusion is that bolh hymns were printed by 
Whitefteld as addition* to those editions of hts 
collection, and that, as in the one case, the 
hymn is compiled from one by C. Wesley, so 
in this we have probably the reprint of tho 
production of an author to ns as yet unknown. 

Much stress has been laid on the mot that 
the late D. Sedgwick always maintained the 
authorship of C. Wesley, and that from his 
decision there was no appeal. The "s.mss." 
show clearly that (1) Sedgwick's correspond- 
ence respecting this hymn was very extensive ; 
(2) that he knew nothing of the British Nus. 
copies noted above; (») that he had no 
authority for hit statement bnt his own private 
opinion based on what he regarded as internal 
evidence alone ; (4) and that all the Weslcyan 
authorities with whom he corresponded, both 
in G. Britain and America, went against him. 
His authority is, therefore, of no valuo. The 
evidence to the present time will admit of no 
individual signature. It is "Anon." 

The use of this hymn, both in G. Brltaiu, 
the Colonies, and America, is very extensive. 
It has also been rendered into various lan- 
guages. Orig. text, Lyra Brit, 1807, p. 656 ; 
Sncpp's Songs of G. & G., 1872. [J. J,] 

Come, Thou Celestial Spirit, come. 
P. Doddridge. I Whitsuntide.] This hymn 
is undated in tho d. lies., where it begins, 
" Oh come, celestial Spirit, come." It was 
pub. in the altered form by J. Orton, in Dod- 
dridge's (posthumous) Hymns, Ac, 1755, No. 
285, in 4 st, of 4 1., and again in J, D, 
Humphreys's ed, of the same, 1839. In Uio 
Bap. Praise Bit., N. Y., 1871, st. iv. isomittcd. 

Come, Thou Conqueror of the na- 
tions. 6. Wesley. [ Whitsuntide.] From his 
Hyt. on &te Expected Invasion, 1759, when 



252 COMB, THOU DBSIEE 

it was feared that au attack od England 
would be made by the French. The tract 
was pub. in 1759, this hymn being No. 8, in 
8 st. of 6 1. In 1830 it was included, with 
the omission of ut v., in the Sttpy. to the Wes. 
H. Bk., and is retained in the ed. of 1875. It 
is uUo found in other collections, inoloding 
Kennedy, 1863, No. 1077, where it w given 
as "Come, great Conqueror of the nations, 
in & st., the abbreviation being made by the 
omission of at. iii. and iv. Orig. text, P. 
Work* 1888-72, vol. vi, p. 160. [J. J.] 

Come, Thou desire of all Thy saints. 
Amu Steele. [PvhlU WowMp.] This hymn 
appeared with the heading, "Intreating the 
Presence of Christ in His Churches," in the 
author's Poem on BdtfecU chiefly Devotional, 
1760, vol. L p. 76 (2nd ed., 1780, vol. i. p. 7ti> 
In 1769 it was reprinted in the Bristol Cott. 
of Ash & Evans, and was thus brought into 
C. V. Its American use is much greater than 
that in Q. Britain. It is usually abbreviated, 
and is sometimes given, as in the Church Pas- 
toral*, Boston, U. S., 1864, as " Come, O Thou 
King of all Thy saints." This cento is made 
of st. L, vi., vil. Orig. text in Sedgwick's re- 
print of Miss Steele's Hymm, 1863. [J. J.] 

Come, Thou Fount of every blessing. 

[Whitsuntide.'] As various and conflicting 
statements concerning this hymn abound, it 
will be necessary to trace, 1st its History, so 
for as known; and 2nd, to discuss tbe ques- 
tion of its Avthorship. 
L lit History. This in detail is : — 

1. In * Church Book, kept by Robert Robmeou (q,vO, 
of Cambridge, and in the possession of the Hev. William 
Robinson, of Cambridge, his biographer, tbere Is an 
entry tn Robert BobiuBon's handwriting which reads :— 
11 Mr. Wheatley of Norwich published m hymn begin* 
ulag "Come, Thou Fount of every blessing" (lTtS). 
This entry forms part of a us. list of the works which 
E. Robinson had written and published. This gives us 
a definite date, 1JS8. 

2. Nothlug has yet been found which can be Identified 
as being Issued by "Mr. Wheatley of Harwich" in 
which this hymn can be found. 

3. The canieet known text In print Is m A Collection 
of JTpnuu uted by the Chmvh qf Chritt in Angel-AUey, 
Bithmff&tc, 17 69. new la the library of the Draw 
Theological College, Madison. New Jersey, U.S.A. B 
is No. £, and in a st., begi n ni n g respectively :— 

Bt. I. " Come, Thou Fount of every ble&Bing." 
St.il. *' Herd I raise my Eben-eser." 
St. ill. "0, to grace how great a debtor." 
64. fv. "0, that day when free from sliming." 
a. This text was repeated In the Hearcrt of the 
AfotOes tWJection qf Bytiau, Nottingham, m); and 
Id a BuoKn Collection, 1786. Shortly afterwards, how- 
ever, It seems to have fallen out of use. 

fi. The second and well-known form of the hymn fn 
the first three stomas as given above is found tn 
M. Madia's Pi. <t ifyi., llev; G. Whltefleld's Pi. A 
EyMH, 14th ed., 176T; the Countess of Huntingdon's 
VoU., 1764; and most of the hymn-books pub. during 
the latter part of the Inst century. The text, ss fu 
Msdsn's Ft. * By:, 1160, which Is the 17s» test with 
the omlBBlon of st. iv., is that usually adopted by 
modern compilers, and Is given In Lyra Urit., 1S67, 
p. *7S. 

ii. Authorship. 

This Ilea been claimed for Bohert Robinson, 
on the one part, and for the Countess of .Hun- 
tingdon on the other. The evidence in each 
is: — 

jfbr Robert Robinson. 

The entry in bis own handwriting In the Cambridge 
Chnrch Book, In which he enumerates It with his vari- 
ous productions as noted above. 

3, His name is added to it in the 3rd ed, of A CoUec- 
(im </ Jtymns adaftttl to Public Worship, ITJS ; and 



£>T 



COME, THOU LONG EXPECTED 

has since been repeated In almost every collection m 
which authors' names are given from that date to the 
present. 

3. Mr. Dyer, in bis Jfcuwirj of the lAfe 4 Writings 
vf R. Robinson, 1706, states that amongst Bobtasons 
papers there was a letter from Dr. Bippon, the com- 
piler of the well-known Hapt. 3d. of Hynns, 17S7, in 
which be scknowledgea that one or two hymns in that 
Set. were by Robinson, and names "Come, Thou Fount 
of every blesslne" ss one. Dr. Bipp™ gives it as 
No. 60S, and for the "New Year." It Is in a st., tad 
signed Robintat. 

4. It is include! In Benjamin Flower's ed. of Robin- 
son's JfitcEdaneeiu VTorfci, Harlow, IBM, vol. Iv. p. 
sac. 

6. The Rev. W. Robinson, tn Select Works o/ the Rev. 
Robert Robinson, 1861, claims it for mm. 

11. Jbr the Cimntitl of MURtingdon. 

1, Bound up with s copy of J. & C. Wesley's JTJrsmj 
A ^tcrett Pcevte, Dublin, 1747, an 31 leaves of wnUug 
paper. On the firat leaf Is written a list of several 
of the poetical publications of the Weeleys. Foliow- 
mK it are hymns copied from Cenulck, Watts, Ac. ; 
one by -Mrs. D, B., snd this hymn. These fill 10 
leaves of the 31, and the rest are blank. On the 
title-page of this book Is written In the same hand- 
writing "Diana Blndon, 17BS." On the Inside of the 
cover of the book Is pasted a Weeleyau Methodist 
quarterly ticket containing a small engraving of Christ 
wsablng one of the disciples' feet. On this is written, 
" Nov. S. Diana Vsjideleur," but the year 1b not given. 
The Wesley publications named en tbe first leaf reach 
down to 176s. 

i. Amongst the us. hymns Is "Come, Thou Fount of 
every blessing." It Is hesded, " Hymn by tbe Countess 
of Huntingdon." It is In fi St., I.-iv. being the same, 
with slight differences In the text, ss that noted above as 
being in tbe CMJ. of Hyt. used by tie Church of Chritt 
in Angdt AUey, *RishBosgate, 1768 ; snd st. v. begin- 
ning, " If Thou ever didst discover," from C. Wesley's 
hymn "Jesu, help Thy fallen creatures," from his Byt. 
A Sac. Pome. 1749, vol. il., No. SI. 

■3. Upon this evidence ahsue ( we write with tbe Diana 
BinOon MS. and TJ. Sedgwick's its. correspondence 
before us) Sedgwick carried on a long controversy in the 
Notes and <j aeries, and other periodicals, la iSSS-S, con- 
tending throughout that "Diana Blndon "wasa personal 
friend of Lady Huntingdon's, and that ehe had made 
ber vs. copy direct from another us. by tbe Countess. 
And this he did not only upon the worthless evidence 
here given, but also whilst receiving, privately, direct 
testimony to the contrary, together with a positive deuial 
made to him by Lady Huntingdon's biographer. His 
use. show that having committed himself, he held It to 
be beneath htm, and damaging to his reputation, to ac- 
knowledge bts error. 

From the foregoing account very much that 
appeared in tlio correspondence and is found 
in the s. wsa., is omitted, and the bare facts 
alone arc given. These facts conclusively 
show that Hie author was Robert Robinson, 
and not Selinn, Countess of Huntingdon. 

Tho original text Is probably that Riven ; n 
the Angel AUey Coll. (see above, i. 3), 1759, 
in 4 st., but the accepted text, and that which 
is in very extensive use in all English-speaking 
countries, is that given in 3 st. of 8 1. in Mo- 
dan's Ps. & Hyt., 1760 (see above, L 5). [J. J.] 

Come, Thou long expected Jesus. C. 
Wesley. [Christmas.'] Appeared hi Hys. for 
the Nativity of Our Lord, 17-11, No. x., in 2 
st. of 8 1. The tract in which it appeared 
formed the first of those called the " Fetftivol 
Hymns," which were subsequently pub. by 
Lornpe in 1746. It was not included in tho 
Wet. H. Bk. until tho revised edition of 1875, 
No. G88, although it was given by Whitefleld 
in his Coll., 1753, and later editions; by 
Mudan, in his Ps, & Hymns, 1760 ; by Top- 
lady, in bis Ps. & Hymns, 1776; atid bj 
others. It is found in a great number of 
hymnals in 6, Britain and America, specially 
those of tbe Church of England, and usually 
without alteration, us in Uy. Gamp,, No. S3. 
A marked departure from this rule is, "Come, 



COME, THOU SOUL 

O Saviour, long expected," which appeared 
in Hall's JHtira. 1636, In 4 at. of 4 1, and 
again in the New Mitre, 1875, in 6 st, tho 
last tiro stanzas being Edward Osier's doxo- 
logy, "Worship, honour, glory, blessing," from 
the older Mitre, 1836, No. 282. Other altered 
forms are, "Come, Thou Saviour, long ex- 
pected," in Kennedy, 1863, No. 89, " Hail, 
Thou long expected Jesds," in the American 
Prot. Epuco. Hymnal, 1871. Orig. text, P. 
Forfcr, 1868-72, vol. iv. p. 116. [J. J.J 

Come, Thou soul - transforming 
Spirit. /, Evant, [Before Sermon.] This 
hymn was contributed to G. Border's CoU. of 
Hyt. from Varitnu Authors, 1784, No. 13, in 
2 st, of 6 1., and entitled, "Imploring the 
aid of the Spirit." In modem hymnals it 
is found in three forms as follows : — 

1. Tin original. This »u reprinted flrom Ruder, by 
W, Jay, of fiatb, in his Sd., U»f, Ho. MO, but without 
slgnatore. ftom ley It passed Into other byninale, with 
ttiB addition of ** Jay " as tbe author, as In the American 
JAM. /jBOeo, J, *£, 1S4». Tbe original text la also In 
Bhepp's S.tf G.& a. t is>a, 

1. In tbe Williams and Boden CM., 1801, the hymn 
was glren in an altered *xrm, tod with tbe addition of 
the atansa, H Then, whene'er the signal's given," from 
"Lord, dismiss no with Thy bleating." In KemNe's 
Jftw Caurca H. Bit., 18?3, this la repeated with ttarther 
alterations, and the omission of the added staiua. 

3. In Bfckersteth's CtorUt. Palmodg, isss, No. *&», 
la tbe original with the addition of two staniaa from 
" Lord, dismiss nt with Thy Messing." This cento has 
nhnott died out of uea. 

Although these three forms of the hymn 
exist, most modem editors are falling back 
upon the original, especially in America, 
where its popularity is greater than in G. 
Britain. [J. J.] 

Come to a desert place apart. J. 
A>t»tfM. [Church Quttdt." 1st printed in his 
Mymnt, 1836, No. 3ft, in Set of i L.and based 
on St Mark, vi. 81^46. In 1841 it was in- 
cluded unaltered in the Child"! 'Christian 
Tear, and appointed for the 25th Snn. after 
Trinity. It is sometimes altered, as in the 
S. P. 0. K. Church Hyt., 1871, [J. J.j 

Come to our [dark] poor nature's 
night.] Q. Bawton. [Whitnmtide.] Con- 
tributed to tho Leeds H. Bk^ 1853, No. 397, 
in 9 st. of 4 1., and from thence it has passed 
into numerous collections. In 1876 tbe 
author included a revised text, in 8 St., in his 
Hymns, ofo, No. 46. This, however, is not in 
general nee. Orig. text, N. Cong, No. 438. 
The hymn, " Come to our dark nature's 
night," in the 1876 ed. of H. Cemp. is a 
slightly altered version of the orig. text with 
the omission of st vii. In the American 
By*. A Songs of Praise, N. Y, 1874, it is 
given as "Holy Ghost, the Infinite." [J, J.] 

Come to tbe morning prayer. J. 

Montgomery. [Dotty Prayer.] This invita- 
tion to daily worship was printed in the 
Evangelical Mayatine for Bee. 1842, where it 
is dated "Aug. 4, 1842,'' in 4 st. of 4. I. It 
was also included by Montgomery in his Ori- 
ginal Hyt., 1853, No. 79, and entitled " Daily 
Mayer. It is given in fly. Camp., No. 10, 
in an unaltered form. It is also found in a 
few American collections. The moat popular 
form of the hymn in America is *' Come at the 
morning hour." This is found in several col- 
lections, as the Bongtfor the Sanctuary, 1865 ; 
the Bap, Praite Book, 187), &c. [J. J.] 



OOMB, YE FOLLOWERS 253 

Come to Thy temple, Lord. H. Al- 
ford. [Advent.'] 1st pub. in his Pi. d: Hyt., 
1844, No. 2, in 4 st. of 4 1, again in his 
Poetical Works, 18(15, and his Year of Praite, 
1867. It has passed into several collections. 
In T. Darlings Hymn*, Ac., 1885, it begins, 
" Thy temple visit, Lord." [J, J.] 

Come unto He, ye weary. [W. O 
Dix. [Invitation.'] This hymn, whicli ranks 
as one of the best of Mr. Dix's efforts, was 
pub. in 1867 in the People's JR. ; in 1869, in 
the Appz. to the S. P. C. K. P«. * JJys. • in 
1871, in Church Hys.; in 1875, in H. A. & 
M., and in other collections. It has also been 
reprinted in Laudes Domini, N. Y., 1884. 

[J. J.] 

Come, ws [ye] that [who] love the 
Lord, I. Watt*. [Joy and Praite.] 1st 
pub. in his Hyt. A B. Songs, 1707, and again, 
2nd ed., 1709, Bk. ii., No. SO, in 10 st. of 4 ]., 
and entitled "Heavenly Jov on Earth." In 
its original and full form it is rarely found in 
modem collections, the N. Cong., 1859, No. 
693, and the Bap. Ft. £ By*., 1858-80, being 
exceptions with the alteration of si iii., 1. 3, 
of'faVrites" to " children." It has under- 
gone many alterations and revisions. Of these 
the principal are : — 

1. « Come yt that love the Lord." This was given by 
J. Wesley in his Ft. it Hyt., pub. at Cnarlestown, U. S, 
1T3S-T, during hia stay in Georgia. In this form ets. 11. 
and be are omitted, and tbe rest are considerably altered. 
Altar slight revision this tent was repeated by Wesley 
fu the Wet. B. Bk., ITS*, and la In the revised ed. 1SI6, 
and In moat collections of the Hethodlet communion. 

3. "Come yc %cho love tbe Lotd." ' This reading of tho 
flret line was given by Cotterlll In the Wh ed. of his Set., 
1819, and Is followed In H. Cbmp* and others. 

The different arrangement of stanzas, and 
the variations in the text which have been 
adopted by the numerous editors who have 
used ft in one form or another may be 
counted by the hundred. The example set 
by Wetley in 1736, was followed by White- 
field, 1753; Madan, 1760; Conyert, 1772; 
Toplady, 1776, and onwards to the latest 
modem collection. No text can, as a rale, be 
relied upon. Tbe original is easy to obtain 
in modem editions of Wdttt. The hymn, as 
a whole, 1b regarded as a good specimen of 
Watte*S powers. [See EngUah Bymnody, lady, 
§ IB.] [J. J.] 

Come, weary souls, with atn die- 
treaaecL Avne Steele. [Invitation.] let 
pub. in her Poena on Subjects chiefiy Devo- 
tional, 1760, vol. i. p. 27, in 5 st of 4 I., and 
entitled, " Weary souls invited to rest " (2nd 
ed., vol. i. p. 27) ; and in Sedgwick's reprint 
of her Hymn*, 1863. It is in extensive use 
both in G. Britain and America, and some- 
times with "sttw" for "sin" in the opening 
line. It was introduced into the Noncon- 
formist hymnals through the Bristol CoU., 
1769, of Ash & Evans, and into those of the 
Church of England by Conyert, 1772, and 
Toplady, 1776. [J. J.] 

Come, ye followers of the Lord. C. 
Wetley. [Prayer.] One of six hymns which 
were 1st pub. in 1745, at the end of a Tract 
entitled, A Short View of the Difference be- 
tween the Moravian Brethren lately in Eng- 
land, and the Rev. Mr. John d> Charter Weeley. 
It was also given in Uy». d) 8. Poems, 1749L 



254 



OOMB, YE LOFTY 



voL ii., No. 28, in 6 st. of 8 1. "Whon in- 
cluded in tho We*. H. Bk., 1780, No 286, tho 
Inst stanza wtos omitted. In this form it is 
found in several collectiona Orig. text in 
P. Work*, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 177. [J. J.] 

Come, ye lofty, come ye lowly. A. 

T. Gurney. [Christmas.] 1st printed as a 
"Christmas Hjmn'' in 1852 in tho Pewuy 
Pott, vol. ii. p. 321, in 5 st of 8 1. In 1850 
it was included in the Author's Songs of Early 
Summer, p. 178, and in 1862 in hie wort, A 
Book of Praise. It has also been given in 
the Lyra Messianica, 1861, in the carol col- 
lections of Chop©, Stainer & Bramley, and 
others, and in several American hymn-books, 
including Dr. Hatfield's Church if. Bk., 1872, 
and others. fW. T. B.] 

Come, ye saints, and raise an an- 
them. Job Hapton. [Praise to Christ.] 
This hymn was 1st pub. in the Gospel Maya- 
tine, Sept. 1805, in lit st. of G 1., and entitled, 
" Au Hymn of Praiso to tho Bedeemer/' It 
is signed "Ebeuezer," and dated "A-y, 
Juno 1, 1805." Aroprint was pub. by D. 
Sedgwick in his cd. of Hupton's Ifys. tk 
Spiritual Poems, Ac, 1861. 

In tho Christian Remembrancer, Jnly 1863 
(vol, ilvi. pp. 117-18), Dr, Nealc gave, in 
an article on "Hymns and Hymnals," a re- 
vised version of st. 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, and 
12, us an illustration of the possibility of pro- 
ducing a hymn of merit out of somewhat 
crudo materials. The first stanza by Hupton, 
and by Nealo,will illustrate tlio way in which 
the latter suggested this might he accom- 
plished. 

1. Stanza *., tjr Jt^i Hapton j— 

" Come, ye saints, md raise sit anthem. 
Cleave the sides with shouts of praise, 
Sing to Him who found a ransom. 
Til' Ancient of eternal days,— 

In your natare, 
Bom to Buffer In your place." 

2. Slant* i., by Dr. JVrale .■— 

*' Come, ye faithful, raise the antbem, 
Cleave the sky with shouts of praise i 
Sing to Him who found a ransuni, 

Ancient of eternal days : 
God Kternal, Word Incarnate, 
Whom the Heaven of heaven uheys." 
Job Hupton's text is unknown to the 
hymnals, but Dr. Nealo's has come into 
somewliat extensive use. The text of the 
latter is in tho People's If., 1867, No. 476, 
with the reading of st, iii, 11. 3-4 as ; — 
" With the ceaseless alleluias 

Which they raise, (lie sons of light," 
and not as in the Christ. Remb. The liberties 
taken by Dr. Neale with Hupton's text have 
been followed by others in dealing with his, 
Church Hy». being specially prominent in 
tlds respect In tact no text can be relied 
upon until verified by a reference to tho 
Christian Remembrancer, or the People'* H., 
with the corrections noted above. [J. J.] 

Come, ye saints, look here and won- 
der. T. Kelly. [Easter.'] 1st pub. in 3rd 
od. of bis Hymns, &c, 1809, No. xvii., in 3 
st. of 61., and based upon Mark xvl. 6, *' Be- 
hold the place where they laid Him." It 
was repeated in his Hys. adapted for Social 
Worship, Dublin, 1812, No. xxvii. For 
the 1812 work the text was slightly altered 
in each stanza, and these alterations, with 



COME, YE WEABY 

one exception, noted below, were subsequently 
adouted as the authorized text. It is given 
in Snepp's Songs of (?. & Q., No. 256, with 
" Netted regions * for happy regions, in st. iii., 
1. 3 ; " blessed regions " is the original reading, 
and was restored to the text by the author. It 
is in somewhat extensive use. In Boardinan's 
Set. of Hys., Philadelphia, I860, it is given as 
"Come, ye saints, draw nigh and wonder;" 
and in the JET. Bk. of the Evang. Association, 
Cleveland, Ohio, 1882, as "Come, yo saints, 
behold and wonder." [J, J.] 

Come, ye sinners poor and wretched. 
J. Hart. [Invitation.'] 1st pub. in his Hys. 
Composed on Various Subjects, 1759, No. 118, 
in 7 st. of 6 1., and beaded " Come, and wel- 
come, to Jesus Christ." One of the first to 
adopt it was B. Conyers in his ColL, 1774, 
with various alterations, and tho omission of 
st. IT. Toplady, followed in 1776 with further 
alterations. Both versions were repeated in 
seine hymnals, and again altered in others, 
until tho altered forms of the hymn number 
over twenty. Conyers and Toplady are an- 
swerable for most of the popular changes in 
the text Tho alterations are too many to 
enumerate. Orig, text in Lyra Brit., 1867, 
p. 275. In addition to changes iu lines of 
the other than' the firat, that line has been 
altered to (1) " Come, ye sinners heavy 
laden," in the Bop. Praise Bk., N. Y„ 1871 ; 
(2) " Come, ye sinners sad and weary," in the 
Canterbury Hymnal, 1863; (3) "Gome to 
Jesus, O my brotbera," in Longfellow and 
Johnson's Bk. of Hyvmt, 1846 ; and (4) " Come 
ye weary, heavy laden," in Hatfield's Churah 
H. Bk., 1872, and others. [J. J.] 

Come, ye thankful people, come. B. 
Mford. [Harvest.] 1st pub. in bis Ps. and 
Hymns, 1844, No. 116, and subsequently, after 
revision, in his Poetical Works, 1865, aod his 
Year of Praise, 1867, in 7 st. of 8 1. In 1861 
the compilers of if. A. <fc M. included an 
altered version in that Collection. This was 
repudiated by tho author, but still retained 
by tho compilers of H. A, A Jt, with an 
explanatory note in the Preface in some of 
tho subsequent editions. Tho revised text In 
Alford's P. Works, 1865, is the authorized 
text, and that usually given in modern hym- 
nals. This hymn has attained a greater 
popularity and more extensive use, both in 
Great Britain and America, than any other of 
the author's hymns, [J, J.] 

Come, ye weary sinners, come. C. 

Wesley. [Invitation.] 1st pub. In his Hys. 
for those that seek, and those that have Redemp- 
tion, &c, 1747, in 4 st of 8 1. (P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. iv. p. 220). With alight altera- 
tions, and the omission of st iu., it was 
included in the Wes. H. Bk,, 1780, No. 28, 
and has been retained in all later editions. 
This is also the text usually given in other 
collections, both in G. Britain and America. 
In the Metb. Episco. Hymns, 1849, and the 
New Hymnal of the same body, 1878, the 
hymn " Come, weary sinners, come," is a cento 
from this hymn. It was made by tlie Com- 
mittee of the 1849 book. The origin .1 8 of 
7 is turned into b. m. [J. J.] 



COMB YE YOURSELVES 

Come ye yourselves apart and rest 
awhile, Weary, I know it, &o. Bp. 

E. H, Jtickersteth. [Ordination.') 1st printed 
in a small collection of tlio author's original 
hymns under tho title of Songs in the House 
i>f Pitgrimage,w.v. [1872]; and also included, 
unaltered, in the author's H. Comp., 1876. 

Command Thy blessing from above. 
J. Montgomery. [Divine Worship.'] Written 
for the SlieffieKl Sunday S. Union, Whitsun- 
tide gathering, June 3, 1816, and printed for 
that occasion, and in tlio Evang. Mag., Sept., 
181ft p. 372. In 1819 it was included in 
CotterilF* 8el, No. 13, in 5 st. of 4 1., and 
there entitled *' For God's blessing on Hie 
assembled people." In 1825 it was repub- 
lished, with alterations, by Montgomery, in 
bin Ckritt. Psalmist, No. 470, and again with 
tlio saino test in bis Original Hymns, 1853, 
No. 99. Tho arrangement, however, in 0. U. 
are various, same following CottcriWs text, as 
in Hy. Compt from Btokersteth's Christ. 
Psalmody, 1833, others the revised text of 
1825 and 1853, and others, as in N. Cong., a 
mixture of tho two. Tlio American uso also 
varies in like manner. [J. J.] 

Communio, a litnrgical term for the 
ttntiphon which was originally sung during 
the communion of the people in the Roman 
Bite, but which now the priest says after the 
ablutions at the Epistle side of tho altar. It 
usually consisted of a verso of Holy Scripture, 
but tlio following instances of metrical Com- 
munions in the shape of short hymns are 
found in the Barum Missal. No. 3 occurs 
also in tlio York and Hereford, and No. 4 in 
the York Missal. 

1. De crnce deposltum 

Yidens corpus Christ! 
Moesta mater lactymas 

Atqne yultu tristi 
Wait; OtUilolselme 

Fill quid tedstl 
Qaod baa pocnas aeperas 

Et mortem subiistt r 

Compassion of B. P. X. 

2. Qnbrlel, refove fleWles, 
Aogros sana, eonferta flebtles, 
Fac nos mites semper ct humllcs, 

Et in fldo fortes et stabiles. St. Gabriel. 

3. Per lignum servi fact! straws 

Et per Kuictam crucem nber&ti sumns 

Fructus arboria aeduxit nos 

FllLus Del redemlt nos. Holy Grots. 

4. Vera fides Gcniei punnwlt crimlna mundl, 

Et tibi virglnitns invlolata manct. 
Nativity of B. V. X, and «f B. V. X. in meter Tide. 
[F. E. W.] 

Communion of my Saviour's blood. 
J. Montgomery. [Boly Communion.] Ap- 
peared in his Christian Psalmist, 1825, No. 
511, in 6 st of 4 1, and entitled, "Tho 
Lord's Supper," and again, without altera- 
tion, in liis Original Hymns, 1853, No. 130. 
It is not in extensive use in its original form, 
but altered, and beginning with st, ii., (is, " To 
feed on Christ, the living bread," it is given 
in Kennedy, 1863, in 2 st. o£ 8 1., the dox- 
ology which closes the 2nd et. not being in 
the original. [J.J .] 

Compston, John, second s. of the Bov. 
Samuel Compston, was b. at Smnllbridgc, 
Rochdale, Jan. 9, 1828. He became minis- 
ter of the Baptist Church, Inskip, near Pres- 



CONDEB, GBOKGE- W. 



265 



ton, in 1852, was subsequently pastor of 
churches at Bramley, near Leeds ; Barnsloy : 
and York Road, Leeds. In 1878 he removod 
into Somersetshire, to becomo pastor of the 
united Baptist churches of Fivehead and Isle 
Abbots, near Taunton. In 1880 he organized 
and became Secretary to tho Taunton District 
Psalmody Union. 

Mr. Compston pub. (1) Lancashire 8. School Songs, 
18SS (nth thousand, ls&T), afterwords incorporated in 
the larger scliool liymn-book, entitled^) Stared Bangs 
for Hatne and School, 18A0, of which Rev. J. Lees was 
co-editor; (3) Popular Sacred Harmonies, 1883. Mr. 
Compston. however, is best known in connection with 
Temperance hymnody. In 1B70 lie edited (41 The 
Jfatvmal Temperance Harmonist, tmi in lasi tho (6) 
National Temperance Hymnal, a new and greatly im- 
proved ed. of the former work. It contains nearly G0EI 
temperance hymns and aoncjs set to appropriate music. 
Twenty of these bymns are by Mr. Compston. 

Mr. Compston is also tho author of sovcrnl 
pamphlets written in connection with the 
temperance and other philanthropic move- 
ments. [W. It. SJ 

Coneinat orbis cunetuB, AJleluya, 
[Easter.'] This Semienco of unknown author- 
ship is in tlio Bodleian us. 775, f. 185, b. 
(written between 904 and 1017) and is given 
in the Hereford Missal for Tuesday, and in 
the York and Sarvm Missals for Wednesday, 
in Easter week, and may be found in tho 
reprints of those works. Tr. as : — 

1. Let Hi* whole wotld chant and aing, by E, 
H. Plumptro, written for nnd 1st pub. in the 
Jlymnary, 1872. It was reprinted, in Dean 
Plumptre's Things New and Old, 1SS4, 

S. Alleluia, let the nations, by C. S. Calvcrley, 
written for And 1st pub. in the Htjamanj, 1872. 

Tnnalation not in 0^ V, :— 
Let all the world with prayer and praise. C. B. Pear* 
eon in Sarmn Sequences, 1811. [J, J,j 

Coneionator. One of A. M. Toplody's 
signatures in the Gospel Magazine. 

Conder, Eustace Rogers, m.a., d.d., s. 
of Josiah Conder, b. April 5, 1820, near St. 
Albans. He studiod at Spring Hill College, 
Birmingham ; took his M.a. degree, with gold 
medal, in Philosophy, in tho University of 
London, ill 1844, and sottled at Poole, Dorset, 
as Pastor of tho Congregational Church there. 
In 1861 lie removed to Leeds, as Minister of 
East Parade Chapot. In 1882 he iccoiveil 
tlio degree of d.d. from Edinburgh University. 
Tho following hymns by Dr." Conder aro in 
tho Leeds S. & H. Ek., 18G2-1878 :— 

1. Oh, bright are the mansions, Hie Home of the 
ChSdren of God. 

2. Where is the Land of eloudlcsa day? Jetut the 
BTojf to Heaven. 

Dr. Condor's Heart Chords wore printed 
for private circulation in 1874. [J. J.] 

Conder, George William, only s. of 
GeoTgo Conder, was b. at Hitchin, Herts, 
Nov. 30, 1821. After Btadying at Highbury 
College, London, be became, in 1815, co- 
pastor, with Mr. Judson, of High Wycombo 
Congregational Church. In 1849 he suc- 
ceeded the late Dr. Winter Hamilton as 
minister of Belgravc Chapel, Leeds, passing 
thence to Checih;im Hill, ManrfieKt^r, in 
1804; and Queen's Good, Forest Hill, ton- 



256 



CONDKB, JOAN B. 



don, 1870. He il. at Forest Hill, Nov. 8, 1374. 
Whilst at Leeds he assisted in compiling the 
Leedt H. Bk., 1853. He also pnb. in 1874 an 
Appendix, t° that selection to which lie con- 
tributed ** All things praise Thee, Lord most 
high," and "Lord Jesus, Shepherd of man- 
kind." [J. M,] 

Conder, Joan Elizabeth, nee Thomas, 
the wife of Josiah Conder, was the daughter 
of Roger Thomas, and granddaughter of the 
Boulptor, L. F, Roubiliae, b. April 6, 17S6, d. 
Jan. 22, 1877. Mrs. Conder contributed 
poems to The Associate Minstrels, 1810, under 
the signature "E."; to lier husband's work, 
The Star in me East, 1824, anonymously ; to 
the Cong. H. Bk., 1836, in her own name; 
and to The Choir and Oratory, 1837, with an 
asterisk. Of these, Beven were given in Con- 
dor's Hyt. of Praite, Prayer and Devout 
Meditation, 1856. Of these the following ap- 
peared in the Cong. H. Bk., 18S6, and through 
that work have come into C. U. : — 

1. The hours of evening close. Saturday Evening. 

2. When Mary to the Heavenly (lueat. Jftrrjr 
anointing the feet of JW«w. 

3. What blissful harmonies above. Tie heavenly 
choir. 

4. Not Thy garment's bera alone. Desiring Pardon, 
Tbla last 1b tbe most popular of her hymns. The tnne 
St, faith's was composed far It by Mr. Beele, and pub. In 
m Psalmist, 1S*2. [P. J. ^.] 

Conder, Josiah, fourth s. of Thomas 
Conder, engraver and bookseller, and grand- 
son of the Rev. John Conder, d.d., first Theo- 
logical Tutor of Homerton College, was b. In 
Falcon Street (City); London, Sept 17, 1789, 
and d. Dec. 27, 1895. As author, editor and 
publisher he was widely known. For some 
years lie was the proprietor and editor of the 
EeUetic Review, and also editor of the Patriot 
newspaper. His proso works wore numerous, 
and include : — 

He Modern Traveller, 1830 ; Italy, 1831 ; Dictionary 
of Ancient and Modem Geography, 1834 ; Lift of Bun- 
yon, lSWj Protestant jfonaMbrmity, 181B-1S; Tie 
Law of the Sabbath, IBM ; Eputle to tie Bebrewt (t, 
translation)!, 183*; Literary History of the Jfew Ifeifa- 
ment, 1848, Swrmony of Bittory wiii Prophecy, IMS, 
and others. 

His poetical works are : — 

(1) Hfce withered Oak, 1805 ; this appeared In ttie AtKe- 
nmun. (1) Hie Severie, 1811. (8) fte Star in the Matt, 
1S34. (4) Sacred Poem, Dometiic Poetnt, and MitceU 
laaeota Poems, 18SU. (a) ifte Choirtmd the Oratory; 
or, Praia and Prayer, 1831. Preface dated Nov. 8, 
183S. (S) Byntnt iff Pratt, Prayer, and Detent 
Meditation, 1898. This last irorlc was In the press 
at the time of bis death, and was revised and published 
by his son, tbe Rev. E. R. Cornier, M.A. He also 
contributed many pieces to the magazines and to the 
Associated Minstnli, 1810. tinder the signature of " C." 
In 1838, selections from The Choir and Oratory were 
pUDHsbed with music by Edgar Sanderson, as Earraonia 
Saera. A second volume was added In 1839. To Dr. 
CoUyer'a (q.v.) Hymns, Ac., he contributed 3 pieces 
signed "C. ; and to Dr. Lellchild'a Original Hymns, 
1843, 8 hymns. 

As a hymn-book editor lie was also well 
known. In 1836 he edited The Congrega- 
tional Hymn Book : a Supplement to Dr. Wattt's 
Psd/ms and Hymn* (2nd ed. 1844). To this 
collection he contributed fifty six of his own 
hymns, some of which had previously ap- 
peared in The Star in. the Moot, &o. He also 
published in 1851 a revised edition of Dr, 
Watts'* Psalm* and Hymns, and in the same 
year a special paper on Dr. Watts as The 



CONDBB, JOSIAH 

Poet of the Sanctuary, whiah was read before 
the Congregational Onion at Southampton^ 
The value of his work as Editor of tlte GYw- 
gregational Hymn Book is seen in the feet that 
sight out of every ten of the hymns in that 
collection are still in use either in G, Britain 
or America. 

As a hymn writer Conder ranks with some 
of the best of the first half of the present 
century. His finest hymns are marked by 
much elevation of thought expressed in 
language combining both force and beauty. 
They generally excel in unity, and in some 
the gradual unfolding of the leading idea is 
masterly. The outcome of a deeply spiritual 
mind, they deal chiefly with the enduring 
elements of religion. Their variety in metre, 
in style, and in treatment saves them from 
the monotonous mannerism which mars 
the work of many hymn writers. Their 
theology, though decidedly Evangelical, is 
yet of a broad and liberal kind. Doubtless 
Conder's intercourse with many phases of 
theological thought as Editor of the Jlcleetie 
Review did much to produce this catholicity, 
which was strikingly shewn by his embody- 
ing many of the collects of the Book of Gam* 
man Prayer, rendered into verse, in his Choir 
and Oratory. Of his versions of the Psalms 
the most popular are " How honoured, how 
dear " (84th), and - be joyful in tbe Lord " 
(100th), His hymns in most extensive use 
are, " Bread of heaven, on. Thee I feed ;"" Be- 
yond, beyond that boundless sea;" "The 
Lord is King, lift up thy voice " (this last is 
one of his best); "Day by day the manna 
fell;" "How shall I follow him I serve;" 
" Heavenly Father, to whoso eye" (all good 
specimens of his subdued and pathetic style) ; 
and " O shew me not my Saviour dying." This 
last is full of lyrio feeling, and expresses the 
too often forgotten met that the Church has 
a living though once crucified Lord. 

The popularity of Conder's hymns may be 
gathered from tile fact that at the presont 
time more of them are in 0. U. in G. Britain 
and America than those of any other writer of 
the Congregational body, Watts and Dod- 
dridge alone exoepted, [W, O. H.J 

In addition to the hymns named above and 
others which are annotated under thoir re- 
spective first lines, the following, including 
two already named (4, 16), are also in C. U. : — 

i. From Dr. Collyer's Hymns, die., 1812, 

1. When In the hours of lonely woe. Lent. 

it From The Star in the Eatt, dec., 1824. 

3. Be merciful, Hod of grace. Pi. Ixvii, 
3. For ever will I bless the Lord. Ft. axxiv. 
4,, How honoured, bow dear. J>i. teMfe. 
5. Now with angels round tbe throne. DowHogy, 
8. Thou God, Who kearest prayer. Lent. Dated 
Sept. ISIS. Dsually abbreviated. 

iii. From The Congregational Hymn Booh, 
1886. 

T. Blessed bo God, He Is not strict. Longtttffering of 
Ood. 

8. Followers of Christ of every name. Communion 
qf Saints. 

S.Grantme, neavenlyLord, tofeol. Zeal in. Millions 
desired. 

10. Grant, O Saviour, to our prayers. Collect M S. 
after Ti-inity. 

11. Head of tbe Church, our risen Lord. Charck 



CONMTOB ALME BIDEBTJM 

13. Holy, ho!;, lioly Lord, In the highest heaven, fee, 
Praise to tlu tntlitr. 

13, Jehovah's praise sublime. Prate. 

14, Leave us not comfortless. A Ctoaeumfon. 

is. lord, Kir Hit Name's sake ! inch the pie*. At 

19. O lie Joyful In the Lord. - Ft. c 
IT. O breathe upon this languid frame, Artless of 
Holy Spirit dttired. 

18. give thanks to Him Who nude, Jkanfcrgiving 
for Daui Msre&et. 

19. O God, Protector of the lowly. Jfcte rear. 
BO. Qod, to whom the hippy deed. Serial. 

11. (tod, lVho didst mi equal mete. JSWy 
Jfotrfewny, 

33. (Sod, Who didst Thy will unfold, UoTy &rfp- 
furw. 

23. Qod, Who dost Thy sovereign night. /Vajw 
Mutlnai. 

24. ,0 how shall feeble flesh end blood. Salvation 
tknugK CKritt. 

3fi. O how should tbosc be clean who bear. Purity 
dairtdfor Ge&'t Minitttrt. 

26. say not, thluk not In thy heart, Pretting 
Oiun&rd. 

27. Thou divine High Priest. Holy Comwmiim. 
39. O Tbou Who gtvest all tbelr food. Hartett. 
M, Tbou Whew covenant fa sure, Boly Baptitm. 
SO. Praise on Thee, In Zkm-gatcs. Sunday. 

31, Praise the God of all creation. Doxology. 

32, Seethe reneomedmilllottsttsnd. Praitt to Ckritt. 

33, The heavens declare His glory, Pi. as&. 

34, Thouort tbe Everlasting Word. Prahe to (Srist. 
3a. Tlry hands have nude and fashioned me. I*artifcr 

for Daily Mertitt. 

35, To all Thy faithful people, Lord. Par Pardon. 
ST. To His own world He enrne. Atantioa. 

3S. ToonrGod loud praises give. Pt. asatet. 

39. Upon m world of guilt and night. Purification of 

B. r. jr. 

40. Welcome, welcome, sinner, bear. Imitation to 
Ckritt. 

41. Wheresoever two or three. Continued Presence 
of Uhritt detired. 

iv. From The Choir and the Oratory, 1837. 

42. BaptisNl into our Saviour's death. Itoly Baptim. 
i|3. In the day of my [thy] distress. Pt. ^x. 

44. comfort to Ibe dreary, (*rit( the Comforter. 

v. From Leifchild's Original Hymns, 1843. 

46. I am Tby workmanship, Lord. Cod (Ac Mater 
and Guardian. 

. 4S. O Lord, hadst Thon been here ! But when. The 
Resurrection oflxurarut. 

41. Tlauot that t did choose Thee. Chottn of God. 
This Is altered In the Chunk Praitt 8k., N. Y-. IBM, to 
" Lord, 'da not that Idtd ehooae Thee," thereby chang- 
ing the metre from T.e to s.i. 

vi. FramlTjrmnio/f*raite,rra}i«r,&o.,18S6. 

48. Comrades of the heavenly catling. Hie C*r(«((m 
race. 

When to these 48 hymns those annotated 
nndcr their respective first tines are added, 
Gander's hymns in C. V. number about 00 in 
all. [J. J.] 

Conditor [Creator] i)me aiderain. 
[Advent.} This hymn is sometimes ascribed 
to 8t Ambrose, bnt on insufficient evidence. 
It was rejected m such by the Benedictine 
editors; and witli this the best authorities 
agree. It is known in various forms, the more 
important being the following : — 

1. The text as In Daniel, 1., No. 72, In S St. of 4 1„ 
and the doxotogy. This text, when corrected by read- 
ings given In file vol. iv. p. lis, and 3tn. from a us. of 
the eth cent. «t Bern ; another of tbe 10th cent, at 
Mnnich, and otnem of tbe 10th and 11th cent, respec- 
tively, which belonged to the Abbey of Khelnan, fa the 
oldest known. 

1. In J*» latin Byt. of its Anfle-StaoH Chunk, 
pah. by the Surtees Soe., l«n, p. 34, from en nth 
cent. aa. otDnrham. It to aho In three Hes. of tbe 11th 
cent. In the Brit. Irtai.fVesp.D.xli, f. STfri Harl.lSSl, 
f. MS; Jul. A. vl. f. 31). 

3, Ibe S«n«» Brtv. text, in Hymn, Sxritb^ 1S51, 
with reediftgs from the Tbrk, Canterbury, St. ASbant, 
Womtter, and other English Brevlarier 



CONIHTOB ALMB SroEHTJM 257 

4, The revised form of tbe hymn in tbe .Rem. Bnv' 
1632, in ffanitl, i., No. Taj WatlternagcL, 1841, p. *04' 
Card. Newman a Bymni Bwtttiae, 183* and 18(6, and 
other to llecthma. 

s. Jftmt'i text, No. 34, Is Ihxn the dstercfan Brevt- 
arle> speclallyaMs,oftbe 14th cent., fhnnerly belonging 
to tbe Cistercian Nunnery of LIcbtenthoL This text 
if™ considers as the original. Daniel, In lv. pp. IIS 
and MS, glvea a summary of the evidence respecting 
this queetlon of orbjlnsl text^ and shows, that no Ma. 
earlier than the loundatlon -of the Cistercian Order 
appears to contain this text ; wberees tbe ordinary version 
la found In a us. at Bem of tbe 9th cent. 

». In the Sarvm Bna. It is appointed as the Vesper 
hymn on the Saturday heftyre the let Sun. In Advent, and 
throughout Advent on Sundays and week-days when no 
festival occurs. In the Hon. Brtv. It Is the Vesper 
hymn In Advent on Sunday* and whenever the Ferial 
Office Is ssld ; beginning with the Saturday preceding tlie 
1st Stmdey in Advent. 

1. A cento composed portly from the Bum. Brev. 
version of this hymn Is given tor first snd second Vespers 
on the feast of tbe Most Holy Bedeemer (3rd Sun. In 
July) la the Appendix to the Ban. Brtv. If consists of 
linee 1-4, *-l*i then a spectel etantaaf 4 1. followed 
by lines 17-20 and a doxology. Tbe Office In which 
tbta cento Is found was first authorised for use in 
the Venetian territories. Tbe origin of the Festival 
for which It was complied Is as follows i — The people 
of the city of Venice, when tttRerlng from the effects 
of a plague which swept off a great number of tbe 
IninMunts and caused great terror, inane a vow that 
if God would grant relief a church ehould be built 
Iff public subscription, dedicated to the Mott ifoZy tfe- 
deemer, and a yearly visit paid to it In state by the 
magistracy of the ctty. In lara the plegue ceased, and 
the chnrcn of II Santittimo Fedempton wee built ; the 
annual act of homage being fixed for the third Sunday 
In July. Tbe Government of the Venetian Republic 

obtained i 

extended 1 



obtained permfasEon (when the devotion hod greatly 
itself after many years of perseverance), on 
tbe Mth of April, HOT, from the Sacred Oongrtjjatlon of 



Rites, at Rome, that the Office of the Most Holy Re- 
deemer should be ssld by all the clergy of tbe city of 
Venice with the rank of • ieurr Itattite ; In 1T34 this 
licence was extended to the whole Venetian territory j 
In 1723 tbe Feast was made a Greater Double; in 1T31 a 
DouHe of tht Second (Hon ; finally, In 173T, an Octave 
was added. [W. A. B.] 

Of the various forms of this hymn the trans- 
lators have usually confined themselves either 
to the Snrant or the Bom. Brett. The results 
areas follows: — 

Translations in C. U. '. — 
i. The Soman Bret. Text: Conditor aline tiderntn. 

1. Creator of the start of night, by J. M. Neale, 
in the let ed. of the Hymnal N, t 1853, "So. 10, 
in 8 it. of 4 1. This is repeated without alter- 
ation in Inter editions of the Hymnal JT.; in 
Skinner's Daily Hymnal, 1864; in the Hymner, 
1883, and others. It is also given as "Creator 
et the starry height, Thy people's," &c, in H. 
A.$ M-, 1861 (the alterations being by the com- 
pilers, who hnd printed another arrangement or 
the text in their trial copy of 1859), and Alton's 
Supplemental Hys*, 1868, &c. In Mercer, Oxford 
ej., 1864, it is rewritten by Mercer. Another 
rendering, slightly altered, from the Hymnal X. 
it, « Creator of the starry height, Of faithful 
hearts," Stc^ in the Hymnary, 1872. 

1. Oreator of the starry aeitht, by F. Pott, in 
hi* Hymnt, Ate., 1861. This is bused upon Dr. 
Neale, snd the H. A. f If. , revised text as above- 
It is repeated in OsnrtA Hyt-, 1871. 

S, Onatn et th* stoiiy belcM, Ths fmrthfuL fee., 
by R. F, Uttledale, in the People's H., 1867, and 
signed "F." 

4. In addition to the foregoing, other arrange* 
ments are given in Chope, TArinif, and others. 
That in TAring is the most complicated of all. 
In it Dr. Neale, If. A. <y Ja% the See. F. Pott, 
the nymnary, Chope, Mr. Thring, and others, 
are represented. The result is good. 



258 CONGBEGATIONAL HYMNODY 

Translations not in 0. IF. : — 
I. Thou, who didst pinnt in lime gone by. IfffrMia- 
riam Anglicanum. 1H44. 
■1. Kind Frarner of the firmament. w.f.Blev. 1851. 

3. Tliou Framer uf the starry heaven (with the Mania 
btackeleil by Danisl us probably «u interpolation into 
the hymn). J, V. Chambtri. isST. 

4. Lord, -who the stars of night. J.W.lfewtt. 1BB9, 

6. Valr 1'ramcr of the stara so bright. Dr. Edersheim's 
Jubilee /ffljtftm, &c 1861. 

a, TImju, vfl» didst build the starry sky. If. Jf. 
JffWffiit. 18TG. 

7. Thorn Builder of the Blurry skies. J. ji. .a^lirard. 
H. Thou the Maker of each star. Lord firajte, 
Nos. 1 and 8 ate In Mr. Shipley's ^nnmSawtw, 1884. 

ii. Unman Brev. Text: Creator aline tidortun, 

1. Creator of the starry height, Of hearts be- 
lieving, fto., by \V. J. Copeland, in his Hymns for 
tltts Week, &c, 1848, p. 53, in at. of 4 1. This 
was given, in nn altered form, as " Creator of the 
starry poles," in the English Hymned, 1853, again, 
altered, but nearer to the original tr. in Murray's 
Hymnal, 1852 j and in later eda. of the English 
H. It is also given, without alteration but" 
with the omission of the doxology, in Lyra 
ifassianica, 1BS4. 

2. Creator of the starry fnmo, by E. CasmaU, 
in his Lyra Catkolica, 1849, p. 43. This is the 
tr in C. U. in Raman Catholic collections for 
schools and missions. It is also given in the St. 
John's Hymnal (Aberdeen), 1870. In hia Hymns 

Kid Poems, 1873, Caswnll altered the first stanza 
to " Dear Milker of the stany skies," and thereby 
seriously weakened the hymn. 

3. Kaker of the starry epherc, by R. Campbell, 
in hie Hys. and Anttems, 1850, p. 43. This was 
repeated in the Cooke & Denton Hymnal, 1633 \ 
the Sitliet/wy II. St., 1857; Kennedy, 1863; 
fktruin, 18b' 8, and other collection, 

4. blest Oreatoi of the stars, by E. W. Eddis, 
in hisIrvingiteifys./iwiAe wso/ CA«rohes,l8G4. 

6. Bleat Framer of the starry height, by R. C. 
Singleton, in bis Anglican II. Bk., 1868. 
Translations not in 0. TJ. i— 

1. Creator of theetarry frame. Up, Doaiu. 1814. 

2. Creator of yon circles bright- ifp. Maftt. 1B3T. 

3. O bright Creator of the skies. J. S. Bttte. 184D. 

4. tied. Who tuad'st those orbs of light. P. 
TrapMt. 1865. 

5. O greet Creator of ihesky. J. Wallace. 1814. 

u. Great Maker of the glittering stars. T. J. .Potter. 
T. Creator of the stars atove. P. C. Hkstnbtth. 
H. Creator of the starry pole. card. JFewman. 
a. The I'rivttrt of 1604, 161», less, audita*. 
Nos. tt, 7, and 8 are In Mr. Shipley's Aiwttt SUncUa, 

1884. [J, JJ 

Congregational Hymnody, Ameri- 
can. fAmerioan Kymnody, § in,] 

Congregational Hymuody, English. 

1. Notwithstanding the controversy which 
prevailed in tho 17th cent, in the Baptist and 
Independent denominations as to the lawful- 
ness or otherwise ofsinging in Divine Worship, 
the Independents, taken as a whole, were in 
favour of the practice. The distinction, how- 
ever, which they, possibly unconsciously, drew 
between prayer and praise when set forth in 
prose, or in verse, was dearly marked. A set 
form in prose, cither of prayer, as in tho 
prayers and collects of the Book of Common 
Prayer ; or of praise, as in the Gloria in 
Excelsi* and other hymns in the same service 
book was regarded as an abomination; but 
petitions, supplications, praises, and thanks- 
giving of precisely the same character when 
given in verse were received with pleasure, 
and used in both public and private worship 



CONGBEGATIONAL HYMNODY 

by all but the most rigid and austere. Tho 
rejection of the one set form, that of jirose, 
was complete and final ; the growth of the 
other, that of verse, was gradual and en- 
during. 

2, The earlier stages of this growth are 
given in detail, from tho Psalms and Hymns 
of W, Barton, 1614, to those of I. Watts, 
1705-1723, in tho article on Early English 
Hymnody, § YI.-x.ni. By W, Barton, through 
his Book of 1'salmet in Metre, 1644, his Psalms 
and Hymns, 1651, and his various Centuries 
of Hymns, culminating in Six Centuries of 
Select Hymns, &c„ 1688 [see Batten, W.] ; by 
T. Shepherd, by bis Penitential Cries, 1601 ; 
by Matthew Henry, by his Family Hymns, 
1695 ; by A Collection of Divine Hymns, 1694, 
gathered from six different authors, including 
K. Baxter and J. Mason; and by minor 
eflrjits on the part of others, tho way was pre- 
pared for the advent and work of Isaac Watts. 

3, Tho value and importance of the hymno- 
Logical contributions of Isaac Watts to tho 
Christian Church, from the dawn of the 18th 
century to the present time, cannot be esti- 
mated. No collection of hymns in the Eng- 
lish language, compiled for general congre- 
gational use, save some two or three of on 
exceptional type, has been published since 
1720, without extraots from one or more of 
his works being embodied therein. In uni- 
versality of use, Watts is only equalled by 
O. Wesley. This great result has been at- 
tained by a combination of excellences in 
which poetic power, catholicity of spirit, and 
simplicity in embodying the vital truths of 
Cliristianity in song have stood pre-eminent. 
His strength — and it was great — and hia weak- 
nesses — and they were not few — are set forth 
in the articles on the English Psalters, § xv. ; 
and on Early English Hymnody, § XIII. 

4, For some years altar tho publication of 
his Psalms of David in 1719, Watts'* Psalms 
and Hymns (the latter being his Hymns and 
Spiritual Songs, 1707-1709) constituted the 
hymn-book of the Congregational body. The 
great wove of religious thought and feeling 
which swept over the nation as the result of 
the work of Whitefleld and the Wesleya, to- 
gether with the poetical contributions of the 
latter, created on the one hand a desire for 
greater variety in the songs of the Christian 
life, and on the other partially supplied tlint 
want. It was found that Watts, in common 
with all men, had not the power to produce a 
complete work ; a work which should be of 
high and uniform excellence, and should 
grasp in full the varied and shifting scenes 
of lire. There were depths of passion, de- 
spair, and woe which he had not fathomed ; 
there were heights of ecstatic joy which he hod 
not reached. The broad field of Christian 
Song he had made his own. To others was 
left the cultivation of smaller spaces where 
the concentrated efforts of gifted men would 
yield rich results. 

5, The conviction that Watts could not sing 
for all men, and liad not sung for all time, 
was not long in dawning upon tho members 
of his own community. The form in which 
this conviction received practical expression 
wasfirst given in SttppUmenis to Watts, mainly 
by individual Ministers of the Congregational 



CONGREGATIONAL HYMNODY 

body, followed by Collection* compiled, some 
by individual editor^ and others by Com- 
mittees sometimes acting on their own respon- 
sibility, and at other times under the auspices 
of the Congregational Union, 

6, One of the first to compile a Supplement 
to Watts was Dr. Thomas Gibbons. His work 
was published in 1769, and followed by a 
second collection in 1784. The 1st ed. of Bow- 
land Hill's CoU. of Psalms and Hymns is dated 
1783. It was designed as a complete hymn- 
book, and was the first in the Congregational 
liody to break away from the Psalms andHymns 
•of Watts. It ran into many editions, but 
those of a later dato are the first edition re- 
arranged with additions. All the hymns are 
given without any indication of authorship. 
Hence has arisen the difficulty of identifying- 
tho editor's contributions. Eowland Hill^ 
CoU. was superseded at Surrey Chapel, by 
James Sherman's CoU. in 1844; and Sher- 
man's CoU. by C. Newman Hall's Christ 
Church Hymnal, 187G. George Border's CoU. 
of Hymns, 1784, was a return to the Sup- 
plement series. His range was limited, and 
included, as he puts it, " tho respectable names 
of Doddridge, Nowton, Hart, Wesley, Cowper, 
Tophuly, and Cennick." W. Jay of Bath 
conld not break away from Watts, and so in 
1797 ho published for his own congregation A 
Selection of Hymns of Peculiar Metre. Another 
Supplement followed in 1801. It was edited 
byDr. E. WilliamB and the Bev. James Boden, 
and published at Doncoster. The authors' 
names were given in the iirst edition, but 
omitted from the second, and subsequently 
restored. It had a very limited circulation, 
and is known chiefly through Boden's con- 
tributions, and the anonymous "Jerusalem, 
my happy home." Two years after Williams 
and Boden, Dr. Wardlaw followed the exam- 
ple set by Bowland Hill, and published his 
Selection of Psalms and Hymns at Glasgow, 
1803. John Dobcll's Neu> Selection of more 
than Seven- Hundred Evangelical Hymns dates 
from 1808. It was also a Supplement to 
Watts. Its chief value is in its record of 
authors. In this respect, although very faulty, 
it waa the most complete up to that tune. 
Dr. Collyer's Hymns partly Collected and 
partly Original, 1812, was peculiar and valu- 
able. Its peculiarity lay m the grouping of 
all the hymns of a given author under his 
name, beginning with Dryden and ending 
with himself ; and its value in the number 
of original hymns contributed by Gender, 
Montgomery, Ann end Jane Taylor, Baffles, 
McAfl, and others ; and from the M68. of H. 
Kiike White. This Supplement was followed 
in 1813 by another Collection of Hymns, 
designed as an Appendix to Dr. Watts, Ac., 
by Thomas Oloutt, afterwards known as 
Thomas Bussell. It ran into more than 
twenty editions, but added little or nothing to 
the treasury of sacred song. Dr. Baffles's Col- 
lection of 1816, and Dr. A. Seed's, of 1817, con- 
tained original hymns by their respective 
editors. A new departure took place in 1822 
by the publication of A Selection of Hymns for 
the Use of the Protestant Dissenting Congrega- 
tions of the Independent Order in Leeds, and 
edited by a committee consisting of the Revs. 
E. Parsons, B. Winter Hamilton, and T. 



CONGREGATIONAL HYMNODY 250 

I Scales. As a Supplement to Watts it was an 
improvement on former works. Efforts by 
others were made, but were too unimportant 
to be enumerated. Tho last Supplement to 
Watts of any importance was, curiously 
enough, the first official hymn-book of tho 
Congregatioualists. 

7. In accordance with a resolution passed 
by tho Congregational Union in 1833, J. 
Condor compiled a collection in conjunction 
with a Committee appointed for the purpose ; 
and in 1836 this collection was published ns 
The Congregational Hymn Book. This collec- 
tion of 620 hymns was enriched by some 
original hymns by Montgomery, and although 
the editor suffered severely from the common 
weakness of all hymn-writing editors in over* 
estimating the value of his own productions, 
yet the sterling worth of the book is realized 
in the fact that eight out of every ten 
of the hymns therein ore still in use in G. 
Britain or America. In fairness to Conder 
it must be added that all his hymns were 
submitted to tlie Committee, and some as 
anonymous, and received their approval 
before incorporation in the book. Dr. J, 
Campbell's Comprehensive Hymn Booh, 18*1, 
was M. Wilks's 1798 edition of Whitcfleld's 
Ps. * flys. enlarged to 10O0 hymiia. It was 
a very heavy book, and foiled to secure gene- 
ral adoption. Dr. A. Beed's third effort re- 
sulted in The Hymn Book, 18*2, a weak pro- 
duction on the old lines. Dr. Lei [child's 
Original Hymnr, 1813, contained 370 hymns, 
for the mostpart published for the first time. 
The Revs. W. M. Bunting, Dr. Collycr, Dr. B. 
W. Hamilton, Dr. Baffles, J. Montgomery, 
Mrs. Gilbert, and others, well known to 
hyumody, tailed to impart to the collection 
eitlier life or popularity. It was a disastrous 
failure. Ten years afterwards a second Com- 
mittee at Leeds, consisting of the Revs. H.B, 
Beynolds, T. Hudsweli, G. W. Conder, W. 
Guest, and W. Morgan, published the well- 
known Leeds Hymn Book, 1853, as Psalmt, 
Hymns, and Passages of Scripture for Christian 
Worship. It followed the conventional lines 
of most Nonconformist collections. The edu- 
cated taste displayed in the text, the extension 
of the areaof selection to thehymnological trea- 
sures of the Church of England, the Churches 
in Germany, and the Church of Borne; and 
the tone of confidence and strength which per- 
vaded the wholo book gave to it a literary 
character before unknown to Congregational 
hjmnody. Its influence was soon felt through- 
out the whole denomination. Although a 
private enterprise, it gradually assumedamore 
than private character, until, in 1859, The 
New Congregational Hymn Book — after gather- 
ing from it its choicest treasures, and adding 
thereto mueh that was new and valuable — 
was published with the official imprimatur 
of the Congregational Union. From that dato 
the older collection rose in historical import- 
ance, as it declined in general use. The New 
Congregaitonil Hymn Book is, from the stand- 
point of tho denomination, a good and sound 
collection. It lias more of Watts than any 
other modern work; but this element, natural 
to the denomination, is balanced by a good 
selection from all ages and nations. Its Sup- 
plement, published in 1874, is very inferior. 



260 CONGREGATIONAL HYMNODY 

The mutilations in the texts, miule without 
any reason on poetical, theological, or eccle- 
siastical grounds, are very numerous, and are 
distinguished by extreme poetical weakness and 
by lack of sympathy with the anthers. Taken 
as a whole, the weakness of the collection is in 
itssize. It is too huge to be uniformly excel- 
lent. Di. Parker's CavendiA -Hymnal, 1864, 
was a heavy production on the old lines, and 
a failure. Dr. Alton's Supplemental Hymn* 
for Public Worship, 1866-75, is designed 
to be used with any Congregational hymn- 
book which may be lacking in hymns by 
modern writers, and in translations from 
Greek, Latin, and German. As it presup- 
poses the use at the same time of another 
book, in which all the well-known hymns of 
tho older writers are found, it olaitns to be 
supplemental only to those books. As such 
it is good, well arranged, and carefully edited. 
Another work of this kind is tho Appendix to 
the Ijeedt Hymn Book of 1853, by G. W. 
Conder, published in 1871. It contains 205 
hymns as against 341 in Dr. Alton's collec- 
tion. Through its selection of Psalms and 
portions of Holy Scripture, pointed for chant- 
ing, its Suffrages, Advent Antiphons, and 
Metrical Litanies, it conies nearer to the 
modem collections of the Church of England 
than any other Hymnal or Appendix amongst 
the Nonconformists. 

8. The latest additions to Congregational 
hymn-books are The English Hymn Book, 
1874, by B. W. Bale, h.d. ; the Congregational 
Hymn*, 1884, by W, G. Horder; The Congre- 
gational Ptalmist Hymnal, 1886, by H. Allon, 
H.D. ; and tho Congregational Church Hymnal, 
1887, edited by the Eev. G. S. Burrett, &.A., 
and published by the Congregational Union. 

9. Dr. Dale's wnrk, lie tells us in his Pre- 
face, " is called The English Hymn Book be- 
cause I have endeavoured, as far as possible, 
to insert only those hymns which seem to me 
to be in harmony with the characteristic type 
of English piety. The religious life of this 
country, in its healthiest forms, is distinguished 
by a certain inanly simplicity very alien from 
the sensuous sentimentalism which has been 
encouraged by some recent hymn- writers ; 
even the pathetic hymns of the Middle Agos, 
ii nd the noble songs of German Protestantism, 
do not express very naturally the religious 
thought and emotion of ordinary Englishmen." 
A work compiled upon these lines naturally 
falls bock upon the older writers for much of 
its material, and knows nothing of some of 
the most popular of modern compositions. Of 
ita 1260 hymns 58 begin with A., and of these 
there arc 26 hymns which are neither in 
Horder, AUon, nor the Congregational Church 
Hymnal. These are mainly from Watts, Wes- 
ley, Anne Steele, Beddome, Bruce, Deck, 
Elizabeth Scott, end others amongst the older, 
and Bonar and B^bop Wordsworth amongst 
modern writers. The names of these authors 
of the hymns peculiar to Dr. Dale's book in- 
dicate with tolerable clearness what he mains 
by " the characteristic type of English piety " ; 
and "the religious thought and emotion of 
ordinary Englishmen.'* The hymns which 
come under other letters of the alphabet, and 
which arc peculiar to this collection as distinct 
from Horder, Alton, and the Congregational 



CONGREGATIONAL HYMNODY 

Chureh Hymnal, are mostly by the same 
writers or others of the same type (T. H. Gill, 
who is largely represented, being somewhat 
exceptionou, and impart to the collection a 
clearness like that of crystal, and an uni- 
formity and rigidness almost as cold. 

10. Mr. Holder's Congregational Hymns, A 
Hymnal for the Free Churches, has, in addition 
to 841 metrical hymns, in which about 350 
authors and translators are represented, in most 
cases in an unaltered form, many of the Psalms, 
together with Passages of Holy Scripture aim 
Ancient Hymns in English prose, pointed for 
cliantiug. Its range is beyond anything before 
attempted by Congregationalists, its contents 
having been gathered from all ages aud 
nations that could furnish a Christian hymn 
of a moderate type, and in an English dress, 
The classification is that usually adopted in 
Congregational hymn-books, but in greater 
detail, includes hymns for children, aud a 
special section entitled ™ Tho Home Sanc- 
tuary," for private use. Taking, as in tho 
case of Dr. Dale, the hymns in A as re- 
presentative of the whole, there are 41 
hymns, of which 7 are peculiar to the book. 
These are by Bubier, McDonald, EmeraOD, 
Whittier, Newton, and one each from tho 
Latin and Greek writers. These names show 
that, whilst the solid groundwork of recog- 
nized Congregational hymnody is the strength 
and stay of the book (as seen in the 34 hymns 
under A which are common to Dale and 
others), poetic warmth and cultured expres- 
sion have been sought after and attained. 
The tone of the book is bright and buoyant, 
and its literary standard is exceptionally high. 

11. Dr. Allan's Congregational Ptalmiit 
Hymnal contains 921 hymns arranged in tho 
manner common with Nonconformist collec- 
tions, and derived principally from the Neto 
Congregational Hymn Bom, 1859 ; its Sup- 
plement, 1869; aud his own Supplemental 
Hymns, 1868. Of the 49 hymns under A, 7 
are peculiar to it as distinct from Dale, Horder, 
and the CongregationalChurck Hymnal, These 
are by Watts, Deck, Chandler, Hammond, 
Elizabeth Scott, and two from the German. 
It maintains more distinctly than any other 
collection the historical traditions of Congre- 
gational hymnody, and is, from the historicitl 
standpoint, the representative book of that 
body. The musio by which it is accompanied 
is excellent. 

12. The latest collection is that issued in 
1887 bv the Congregational Union as the Con- 
gregattonal Church Hymnal, It contains nearly 
800 hymns, arranged in the usual manner, and 
edited with great can. Under A there are 
41 hymns, of which 14 are peculiar to itself. 
These are by Robertson, Lynoh, Ingelow, 
Gill, Rev. Francis Pott, Canon Bright, Dean 
Alford, Prebendary Turing, and others, and 
two are from the Greek. Whilst retaining all 
the great hymur which gave character and 
distinction to tbe heed* Book of 1653, and tho 
l?ew> Congregational Hymn Book of 1859, it 
has thus added thereto valuable contributions, 
and especially from the hymnody of the Church 
of England. Through this somewhat exten- 
sive admixture of Anglican Hymnody it stands 
out in marked eoutrast to Dale, with its 
theological coldness; to Horder, with its poetic 



CONGBEGATIONAL HYMNODY 

warmth and Urge importation oE refined 
American hymns ; and to AUon, with its 
old-fashioned Congregationalism, broadened 
out into wider sympathies, and rendered ad- 
ditionally attractive by it> admirable musical 
setting. In hymnological accuracy it is equal 
to either of these collections; its earnest 
spirituality is very marked ; and its musical 
setting is excellent 

13. The high position which the hymnody 
of the OongregationaliBts has taken is due to 
many causes. The greatest names are Watts, 
Doddridge, and Conder. A few iu the second 
rank have produced lyrics of great beauty. 
The third class is very large, their productions 
are numerous, and their merits uniformly 
weak. The freedom which enables any one 
to publish a collection of hymns, and any 
congregation to adopt it or not, has had mueli 
to do in producing this result. For all who 
could write there were abundant opportunities 
for publication, and for the pastor who ven- 
tured to compile a collection, there was the 
certainty, except in instances the most rare, 
of its adoption by his own congregation, and 
the encouraging possibility that it might be 
acceptable unto others, Such elements of 
success, stimulating authors and compilers, 
from W. Barton, iu 1044, to tho Congregational 
Glmreh Hymnal, in 1887, could not foil to 
produce much that is of permanent interest 
and value. [J. J.] 

Congregational Hymnody, Welsh. 

[Walah Hymnody, § in,] 

Congrvve, George Thomas, b. at Isling- 
ton, 1821, and educated for tho medical pro- 
fession, has practised in London for many 
years. As a Doacon of the Baptist Church, 
itye Lane, Peckham, and Superintendent of 
its Sunday School, he lias done much to ad- 
vtinco the interests of that body, and to popu- 
larise Sunday School work. In the interest 
of Sunday Schools he published, in 1869 : — 

Gemt of Song for the Sunday School, A Hymn-book 
adapted for General Vie in School* and famiHe*. 
Load., Elliott Stack. To this in added <?aw of Sons 
Mtttie, 1871. 

Of this collection about one million copies 
have been sold. Mr. Congreve contributed 
thereto : — 

i. Beyond the dark river a load I behold. Heaven. 

» For ever beautiful abide. Heaven. 

3. Hark ! what voice the silence breaks. Invitation. 

a. Hour sweet [holy] la the Bible, how pure la tbe 
light. Holy Scriptures. 

B. Look back ! 'tie time I marked the road. Itetn 
Year. 

0. LooktoJfsus! yea I may. Looking to Jesus. 

7. Mark the llllea, frail and fair. Jfov/er Seroicet, 

s. O Saviour, dear Saviour, remember me now. Lent. 

B. Shepherd sweet, and lair, aud holy. .Prayer to the 
Eooil Mepfterd. 

10. SwertStar of 'the morning. Christ theXbrnino 
Star. 

11. Therelsathroneofmatchless grace. JhtThront 
of grace. 

Most of these hymns have been repeated in 
other collections for children. They are ele- 
vated in tone aud simple and direct in expres- 
sion; and are specially useful fur children's 
services, [J. J.] 

Conrad of Qtteinflirt was priest at 
Stein birch on the Quciss, near Lauban, 
Silesia, and.d. 1332 at Luvrcnberg, Silesia. 
D. G. Corner (see below) says that Jiia tomb- 
stone in the St. Francis Chapel of the Cloister 



COOK, RUSSELL 6. 



261 



at Lowenberg, bore the epitaph composed by 
himself: — 
" Christ*, Worn mlmnra aalvtim facias et oplmum, 
Condidit hie odas haa voce lyjaque melodas." 

After tlie building had been in use for some 
time ub a military arsenal an examination in 
this century failed to find any traces of this 
monument (See Hoffmann von Fallerslebcn's 
Getchichte dee deuttchen KirckenUedes, Han- 
nover, 1361, p. 78.) He is the author of a 
hymn or sacred poem, long popular inSilesia; — 

Ihj Untie gut, las jam thirst* quarts, [Easter."] 
In 5 st. of 17 1. In WackernageJ, ii. p. 388 ; 
Hoffmann v. litllersleben, p. 78; Keb rein's Katho- 
luche Kirvlieniiedcr, i. f 1859, p. 521 ; from HS8. 
of the 15th cent., at Breslau and Leipzig, and 
from Corner's Gross Catoliselt 6. B., Niirnberg, 
1631. It is tr. as " Fair Spring, thou dearest 
season of the year," by Miss Winkaorth, 1869, 
p. 88. [J. M.] 

Censors Patera! luminls. St. Ambrose. 
[Early Homing.] This is- one of tho twelve 
hymns which the Benedictine editors regarded 
as undoubtedly the work of St Ambrose ; and 
it is cited ns by St. Ambrose by Hiucmar in 
his treatise, De una et non trind Beitaie, 657. 

It la found In the Soman, Sarum, York, Aberdeen, 
Paris (1043% and other Breviaries. In the Sarin* use 
It was the hymn on Tuesday at Matins from the Sunday 
after the Octave of the l&plphany up to tbe firat Sunday 
in Lent. Mont, i. p. 373, cites It an an sth cent. us. at 
Trier, where it la assigned to Tuesday Nocturns, mid this 
la tbenaeoftbe JtomanifiWarH. Tbe text, in s sr. and 
adoiology, la given by Danid, i,, No. J»(at tv. p. 37 
be cites it asinalOthcent.RheinauMS.'); Jhomatiut, 11. 
p. 407 { Newman's Hg. -Bed,, 183a and 1SSS, Ac. It is 
also found In three Has. of the 11th cent, in the British 
Mnaeum (Veep. D. xll.f. is; Jul. A.vi. t. 15; Harl. 
MSl.f. M3); inlwo was. of the nth cent, at St. Gall, 
Nut. 413; 414 i in an lltb cent. lis. In Corpus Cbrlstl 
College, Cambridge, No. 301, p. 133; and in the Lat. 
Hut. of the Anglo-Saxon Ch., Svxtees Soc., 18&1, p. 18, la 
printed from an nth cent: us. at Durham. [J, JJ.] 

Translations in C. U, : — 

1. Consort of paternal light. By Bp. Mant, in 
his Ancient Hymns, 1837, p. 8 (ed. 1871, p. IG). 
This was repeated in Kennedy 1863, No. 1447. 

t, Thau Coaasrt of Thy Fathor'a throne. By 
J. D". Chambers, in his La-ada Suon, 1857, p. 15. 
This is given in the Hi/mner, 1882, with altera- 
tions, as " O light of Light, Dayspring bright." 

Trssalattans not In C. V, : — 

1. Brightness of the Father's glory. Bp. flame, 1824. 

2. tiod from God, O Lieut from Light. Card. 
Newman, late. 

3. Son from the Fatliefs brightness bright. Jfgm- 
narivm ^nglicamm, 1S44. 

4. Co-equal In Thy Father's Light. W. J. Coptland, 

a, "pure Light of Light, eternal day. X. Oatvudl, IBM. 
6. One with the Eternal Light. R. Canptxil, mo. 
T. O Partner of the Father'a Light, R. Thornton, in 
his St. Ambroie: Hit Life, la:., 1819. [J. J.] 

Constantius, the non* de plume of J. 
Cottle (q.v.). 

Cook, Russell SturgiB, b. nt New 

Marlborougli, Mass., March 6, 1811, was edu- 
cated for the Congregational Ministry, raid 
married a daughter of Dr. Ciesar Ma'lan, of 
Geneva. Prom 1839 to 185(i he was one of 
the Secretaries of the Amerietin Tract Society. 
He was the originator of its system of col- 
portage. Subsequently he became Secretary 
of the New York Sabbath Committee. He 
also edited the American Messaujei: Hed. at 
Pleasant Valley, New York, Sept. 4, 18tH. 
His hymn : — 



262 



COOKE, WILLIAM 



Just as then art, without on* traee, JhnifatiM, 
Was pub. in the American Messenger, March, 
1850, in 6 at. of 4 L It was written as a com- 
panion hymn to Miss Elliott's "Justs* lam, 
without one plea," and tru sent bv the author 
to her. It was soon adopted by editors of Ame- 
rican hymn-books, sometimes in an abbreviated 
form, beginning with at. iii. as, " Burdened with 
guilt, wouldst thou be blest ? " as in the Sabbath 
H. Bk., 1858. It became known in G, Britain 
through Lord Selborne's Bh. of Praise^ 1863. In 
that collection it was reprinted from an anony- 
mous tract, in which at. ii. and vi, are omitted. 
This form of the hymn is. usually given in the 
English collections. Full orig. text in Sehaff's 
Christ in Sang, 1869-70, [F. M. B-] 

Cooke, William, h.a., was b. at Pendle- 
bury, near Manchester, in 1821, and was edu- 
cated in private schools. Li 1839 he went up to 
Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and took his b.a. 
degree in 1813, and hie h.a. in 1847. Or- 
dained Deacon in 1844, and- Priest in 1845, by 
the Bishop [Blomfleld] of London, and having 
served the Assistant CuracieB of Hillingdon, 
near Uxbridge, and of Myholt and Brantham 
in Suffolk, he was presented, in 1813, to the 
Incumbency of St. John's, Charlotte Street, 
London; in 1850, to the Vicarage of St. 
Stephen's, Shepherd's Bush ; and in 1856, to 
the Vicarage of Qazeley, Suffolk. In 1850, 
he was a Select Preacher to the University of 
Cambridge ; and from 1849 to 1857, Examin- 
ing Chaplain to the Bishop (.Graham] of 
Chester, by whom he was made Honorary 
Canon of Chester in 1854. In 1868 he was 
elected a Fellow of the Society of Anti- 
quaries of London. He is the author of 
The Power 'of the Priesthood in Absolution, 
in 1863; Of Ceremonies, Lights and Custom 
(a Letter to the Bev. T. W. Perry), and vari- 
ous Sermons, In 1849, he issued a Book of 
Hymns for the use of the Congregation wor- 
shipping at St. John's, Charlotte Street, Lon- 
don ; in 1853 was joint editor with the Bev. 
■William Denton of The Church Hymnal ; and 
in 1872 was associated with the Bev, Benja- 
min Webb, Prebendary of St Paul's, in the 
editorship of The Hymnary. For that collec- 
tion he translated and composed several 
hymns, his signature in some cases being 
" A. C. C," i.e. " A Canon of Chester." [J. J.] 

Cooper, Edward. [BtAfforJoHie Hymn- 



Copeland, William John, b.b„ b. at 

Chigwell, Sept. 1, 1804, and educated at St. 
Paul's School, and Trinity College, Oxford, 
graduating b.a. 1829, H.A. 1831, and B.D. 1840. 
He was a Scholar of his College, and after- 
wards Fellow and Dean. Taking Holy Orders, 
he became Curate of Hackney, and of Little- 
more, and in 1849 Hector of Farnham, Essex, 
and Rami Dean of Newport. He was also 
Chaplain to the Bishop of St. Albans. Died 
at Sarnliam, Aug. 25, 1885. Mr. Copeland 
has published : — 

Hyarn far tie Week, and fljrmtw /or the Seasons. 
Trantlated frcm tJte Latin. Land., W. J. cleaver, 
lets, Hew»e also theEiJlfcor of Card. Newman's stm™*. 

These trs, are mostly from the Soman Bre- 
viary, and preceded those by E. Caswall, pub. 
in 1849. Although they are not extensively 
used iu their original form, yet they had a 



OOSIN, JOHN 

marked effect on the text of some later trans- 
lators, and hare contributed much towards 
the compiling of centos ns found in modern 
hymn-hooks. Each fr. is annotated in this 
Dictionary under its first Latin line. In 1884 
Mr. Copeland printed translations of Bp, 
Ken's Morning, Evening, and Midnight 
Hymns, the first lines of each, reading, (1) 
" Surge unima solis aemula " ; (2) " Jam nocte 
laudo Te Dens " ; (3) " Somno Deus nunc 
excitum." [J, J.] 

Cor area legem oontmens. [Love of 
Jesus,] In ihe Supplement to Pars Aestiva in 
the Soman Breviary, Bologna, 1827, this hymn 
(in 6 sL of 4 1.) is found at p. 221 and is 
assigned to Lauds on the festival of the 
Sacred Heart (see "Auctor beate saeculi"); 
the hymn for Vespers being, " En ut superba 
criminum," Both hymns are also in Daniel, 
ii. p. 360. Tr. by E. Caswall iu his Lyra 
Cutholioa, 1849, p. 119, and his Hub. <£ Poems, 
1873, as, « Ark of the Covenant"! not that." 
In 1853, at i., iii., v. were given in ffys. for 
the Ch. of Christ, Boston, No. 378. Other fr*. 
are: — 

1. Tefu, behind Thy Temple's TeO. jttmn. In the 
Marquees of Hotels Ram. Brtn. in English, IST9, vol. Ii. 
p. 593. 

?, O tender Heart, strene; arh which do& enshrine, 
Rosa MulnolUnd, In Mr. Shfplew'e juauu SavcttH, 1884, 

[J. M0 

Cor meum Tibi dodo, Jbbu duleia- 
sime. [Gift of the heart to Jesus.'] The 
authorship and date of this hymn are un- 
known. The text, under the heading " Ad 
Jesum," and in 4 st. of 6 L, is In Darnel, voL 
ii. p. 370 ; the Mm.nod.ia Sacra, Minister, 1753, 
p. 152, and the Psalteriolum eantionum Caiholi- 
carum, Cologne, 1722, p, 50. 3V, as— 

1. My heart to Thee I give for aye, by K. T. 
Littledale, contributed to the Priesfs Prayer 
Booh, 1864, and the People's H., 1867. 

1. I |ii« "»T heart to The*, by Hay Palmer. 
Concerning this tr. Dr. Schaff says in his Christ 
in Song, 1869-76, that the Latin text was " freely 
and happily reproduced by the Bev. Dr. Ray 
Palmer, for this collection, Aug. 20, 1868. I 
know of no other English version." Dr Little- 
dale's tr., however, was pub. some four years 
before. Dr. Palmer's tr. was repeated, with 
alterations, in the 1869 Supp- to the Sew Cong. 

s. All «ny heart to The* I Rive, by J. Elleiton. 
Written June 3, 1874, set to music by Dr. John 
Naylar, and pub. by him as a sacred song. Load., 
Novello, 1874. [J. J.] 

Corpus ave clarum Domini. [Holy 
Communion.'] This hymn is given by Mane, 
No. 221,framaMS.at Mainzof the 15th cent. 
It is in 18 lines, and headed "Oratio metrice 
composite, in elevatione corporis Christi." It 
is tr. as: — 

Bail, glorious Body of the Lord, by E. F. Little- 
dale. It was 1st pub. io the Lyra Eucharistica, 
1863; then inthB^ftarJfa»wo;J,1863; and finally, 
with niterations by Dr. Littledale, in the People's 
H., 1867. [J. J.] 

Cosin, John, d.d., s. of Giles Cosin, of 
Norwich, h. at Norwich Nov. 30, 1594 ; edu- 
cated at the Free School of that city and 
Caius College, Cambridge. Taking Holy 
Orders he became (besides holding minor 
appointments) Prebendary of Durham Cathe- 



COSMAS, ST. 

dral ; Bcctor of Brancepeih, 1626 ; Master of 
Peterhonse, Cambridge, 1634. and Vice-Chan- 
cellor of the University and Dean of Peter- 
borough, 1640. He Buffered much at the 
hands of the Puritans; but after the Restora- 
tion in 1660, he became Bean and then Bishop 
of Durham. Died at Westminster, Jan. 15,1672. 
Bis tr. of tho Veni Creator Spiritut (q. v.), 
" Come, Holy Ghost, our souls inspire, was 
included in his GoU. of Private Devotions, 
1627. [J. J.] 

Cosmos, St, The Melodist (Died 

ciro. a J). 760.) The second among the Greek 
ecclesiastical poets. He was adopted by the 
father of St. John of Damascus, and educated 
with him by a Sicilian monk also named 
Cosmoet who had been redeemed from slavery 
by his adopted father. The two foster-brothers 
retired together to St Sabas, and there sti- 
mulated, assisted and vied with one another 
iu the composition of hymns. It is not cer- 
tain whether some of the Canons, Triodia, 
and Idiomela under the name of Oosmas may 
not be the work of the elder Coamas. (For 
details of works and criticism see Bntk Hym- 
nody, § xviL 3.) He was elected Bishop of 
Maiuma in A.D. 743, and is commemorated in 
the Greek Calendar on Oct 14. The story 
of Oosmas the elder is beautifully told in 
Hitman's Lot. Christ., voL ii. 364. Daniel, 
vol. jii., gives 12 pieces by him, and Dr. Nettle 
has tr. in his ays. of the Eastern Church, 
1862, the Canon for Christmas Day, and a 
cento from that for the Transfiguration. To 
English readers he is known through the 
tr. of this cento, " The choirs of ransom'd 
Israel," and its abbreviated form, " Iu days of 
old on Sinai." [H. h. R] 

Coster, George Thomas, was b. in 1835 
at Chatham, Kent: studied for the Congre- 
gational Ministry at New College, London; 
ordained in 1859 at Newport, EsBei, and has 
since held pastorates at Barnstaple, Hull, 
South Norwood, and Whitby. He has pub. 
(besides many sermons and traots) Pastors 
and People, I860 ; Allegories, 1878 ; Lorrin and 
otter Poems, 1859; The Rhyme of St. Peter's 
Foil, 1871, and Poem* owl Hymns, 1882. He 
has also contributed several poems on Scrip- 
ture characters (a line in which he excels) 
to The Poet's BHile, and edited, in 1869, 
Temperance Melodies and Religious Hymns. 
Of his hymns the following are in C. V, : — 

1. D«t thou bow beneath the burthen, Fettowship 
with and. This Is an Imitation of Dr. Stale's " Art 
thou wemy." It la No. nil In the lttSS Supp. to the 
Bap. Ps. and fly», 

9. From north and south and east and west. Minions, 

3. Lord of the seat afar from land. Sabbath at Sea. 

Nos, 2 and 3 are iu Holder's Oniffregational Htpant, 
1SS4. [W. G. H.J 

Cotterill, Jane, nee Book, daughter of 
Bev. John Bonk, and mother of the Bight Bev. 
Henry Otterill, Bp. of Edinburgh; b. in 
1790, married 1811 to the Bev. Joseph Cotte- 
rill ; died 1825. Mrs. Cottcrill contributed 
to the Appendix to the 6th ed. of CotttriWs 
Sel, 1815, the following hymns:— 1, "01 
from the world's vile slavery," (For Holiness). 
2. "O Thou! Who Iiost at Thy command," 
(For Resignation). Tbesehymnswererepeated 
in Montgomery's Christian Psalmist, 1825, 



COTTERILL, THOMAS 



263 



and Mrs. Cotterill's name was appended thereto 
for the first time. Their use is not extensive. 
The first, " O ! from the world's," Ac, is found 
in Kennedy, 1863, No. 521, as, "From this 
enslaving world's control," the alterations 
being by Dr. Kennedy, [J. J.] 

Cotterin, Thomas, m.a., was the son of 
awoolstapler at Cannock, Staffordshire, whero 
he was b. Dec. 4, 1779. After attending the 
local boarding-school of the Bev. J. Lowax, 
he proceeded to the Free School, Birmingham. 
He graduated at St. John's College, Cam- 
bridge (b.a. 1801, m.a. 1805), of which ho 
became a Fellow. Taking Holy Orders, he 
became Curate of Tutbury in June, 1803 (not 
1806, as stated by Miller in S. 4 Songs of the 
Church). His subsequent charges were the 
Incumbency of Iaxne End, Staffordshire, 
1808-17, and the Perpetual Curacy of St 
Paul's Sheffield, 1817-23. He d. at Sheffield 
Dec. 29, 1823 (not Jan. 5, 1824, as in tho 
Gentleman's Magazine), aged 44. His volume 
of Family Prayers attained to the sixth edi- 
tion in 1824. As a hymn-writer, Ootterill is 
less known than as the compiler of a Sebx~ 
tion of Psalms and Hymns which has had a 
most marked effect on modern hymnals. The- 
1st ed. of that Selection was pub. in 1810, and 
the 9th in 1820. All subsequent issues were 
reprints of the last. The most important 
ed. is the 8th, 1819, Its value and influenco 
are noted elsewhere (see England Hymnody, 
Ohureh «f). To that Selection Ootterill con- 
tributed at various dates 25 original hymns 
and versions of individual psalms. These, in 
common with all the hymns in the Selection, 
are given without author's name. Through 
the aid, however, of marked copies [in the 
collections of Brooke and Julian] and of 
members of Cotterill's family, wo are enabled 
to identify most, if not all, of his original 
productions. In addition to those which are 
annotated under their first lines, wo have — 

i. In his Sel. of Ps. & Hys. for Puolio and 
Private Use, adapted to the Festivals of the 
Church of England, &o„ 1st ed., 1810 :— 

1. Awake, O sword, the Father cried. Atonement. 

2. Before Thytbroneof grace, O Lord. A«ir. 

3. from Sinai's mount, tn might array'd. The Law 
ttfld the Gospel. 

4. From Thine all-seeing Spirit, Lord. Ps. 139, 

5. In all the ways and works of God. Ps. 146. 
ft. Out of the deeps, O Lord, we call, Ps, 1.10. 

1. The Lord, who once on Calvary. The Jnteretssor. 
This Is based on " Where high the heavenly temple 
stands," q. v. 

ii. In the Appendix to the 6th ed, of tho 
same Selection, Staffordshire, 1815 : — 

S. Blessed are they who mourn for sin, lent. 

0. Father of mercies, let our songs [way, ways]. 
l&anktffiving. 

10. 1 was alive without the Jaw. Lent. 

11. Lord of the Sabbath, 'tis Thy day. Sunday. 

ill. In the 8 th ed. of the same, 1810 : — 
13. Help os, Ifltd, Thy yoke to wear. Charity fin* 
rtwnt. This is sometimes given as " Lord, let ns learn 
Thy yoke to wear," as hi Kennedy, 1B63, fee. 

13. 1 love the Lord, for Ho hath heard. Ps, lie. 

14. Lo In the Easth star appears. Spiphany. This 
in an altered form begins in Kennedy, 1B63, No. ma, with 
at. 1L, ** Tpa ancient sages from afar." 

15. Lord, cause Thy face on us to shine, /or J^iitu. 
IS. Wlien Christ, victorious from the grave. Easter. 

The 9th ed. of the Seleetitm, 1620, was practically a 
new work. It was complied by Cotterill^ hut revised by 
Dr. Haroourt, the Archbishop of York, and was dedi- 
cated to him. It was the outcome of the compromise in 



264 



COTTLE, JOSEPH 



the legal proceedings over the Mb ed., 18 is. The 8th 
ed. cootslned 8*1 hymns in uddlUon to wa version* of the 
Feeiroa end * Doiologles, the tith only 161. Its full title 
ww A SOttUm tf P$. and B&I. for PuHie WorMp. 
Land., T. CMlel], lean. It may be noted thet copies of 
the 8th ed., 1813, ue found with two distinct tltle- 
pegee. Qoeof these, eccompsuled with the preface, wu 
for the genenl public, the eecond, without th« prefece, 
for the use of the congregstlona of St. Junes'* and 
St. Psul's, Sheffield. 

Of CotteriU's hymns the most popular ore, 
" O'er the realms of pagan darkness," " Let 
songs of praises fill the sky," and "Jesus 
exalted for on high," but these are not dis- 
tinguished by any striking features of ex- 
cellence. He was more happy in some of his 
alterations of older hymns, and in the com- 
piling of centos. Many of the readings intro- 
duced into the great hymns of the Church 
first appeared in his Srfectfbnv. The most 
notable amongst these are, " Book of Ages," 
in 3 St., as in H. A. & M., 1861, tho Wet. 
B. Bk., and other collections; "Lo! He 
comes with clouds descending ; " and " Great 
God, what do I see and hear." Cotterill's 
connection with the Uttuxeter Ft. <fe Hy., 
1805, is given in detail in the article on 
Staffordshire Hymn-books, and his lawsuit over 
the 8th ed. of his 8el, 1819, in the article 
on Xngiand Eymnoiy, Church of. [J. J.] 

Cottle, Joseph, b. 1770, d. 1853. A 
native of Bristol, and from 1791 to 1798 a 
bookseller and publisher. He is best known 
as the friend of Coleridge and Southey, of 
whom, in 1837, he pub. Recollections, and in 
J847 EeoiinUtmneet. Ho was the author of 
numerous works in prose and terse. Iu 1801 
he pub. a New Version of the Psalms of David, 
of which a 2nd edition (privately printed), 
appeared in 1805. Inl828 hepub. IfyoHwand 
Sacred Lyrics. InTkreeParU,byG>nstantius. 
Only a lew copies were printed with this title, 
the greater part of the issue reading "ia 
Joseph OoHle, instead of u by ContUintiu$. 
B These Hymns, Psalms and Sacred Lyrics," 
Cottle says, " are all originals, written progres- 
sively through u, period of 20 years. Some 
of them found their wa^ into a few collec- 
tions, but have little poetic merit, and are now 
disused. [W. E. R] 

Cotton, George Edward Lynob, do., 
b. at Cheater, Oct 29, 1813, was the s. of 
Captain Thomas Ootton, who was killed in 
action on Nov. 13 in the same year. He was 
educated at Westminster, and Trinity Col- 
ledgo,Oambridge,graduatingB.A,inl8sls, His 
first appointment was ss an assistant master 
at Rugby. From Rugby he passed to Marl- 
borough as Head Master in 1852. In 1858 
he was consecrated Bishop of Calcutta, as 
successor to Dr. Daniel Wilson, He was 
drowned, on disembarking from a steamer at 
Koshtea, Oct 6, 1866. His hymn, "Wo 
thank Thee, Lord, for this fair earth " (q.v.) is 
deservedly popular. [W. T. B.] 

Cotton, Nathaniel, m.d., horn in 1707, 
and educated for the medical profession at 
Leyden. Giving his attention more especially 
to brain diseases, he first assisted a physician, 
who devoted his attention to the insane, at 
Dunstable ; and they erected a large Asylum 
at St Albans. In 17G3 the poet Cowper be- 
came one of his patients, and, on his recovery, 



COVEKDALE, MILES 

conceived a warm attachment for Ids medical 
friend. Dr. Cotton d. at St Albans, Aug. 2, 
1788. Several of his hymns appeared from 
1760 onwards in Dr. Dodd's Chridian'$ Maga- 
zine, some signed "Dr. Cotton, St. Albans," 
some " N.," and some without signature. His 
poetical works were pab, posthumously : — 
Various Pieces in Verse and Prate, 2 vols^ 
Load., Dodsley, 1791 ; and Visions in Verse, 
Ac., with Memoir, 1808. His'hymns came into 
use through Collyer's Coll., 1812. Theyare:— 

i. Amid the virions scenes of HI. 4fflidvm Sunn- 
tffiti. From Variola Pitat, fcc., mi. 

a. Tell in*, my soul, tell me why. Sin the txtute «/ 
fear. From Yariwt Piatt, &c, 1TS1. 

3, Thlsisthedey the Lordof Life. Sunday. From 
FnriMu Pieces, ex., 1191. 

4, WhllesorrowwTlngsmyUeeduigliesrt. Suffering. 
From hie version of Ps. xlll., " Offended Mejeetj, now 
long?" In the Chrittim't l&gatint, Feb. iftl. 

G. With fierce deeire the huntod hert. Pt. 41. 

Dr. Cotton's most widely known hymn is, 
"Affliction is a stormy deep," q.v. It is a 
part of Ha 5. [J. J.] 

CaronteBBofHnntlngdon Connexion. 

[Httntinfdou Hymwdy, Cerastes* ef,] 

Cousin* Anne Bobs, nee CundelL is 
the only daughter of David Ross Cundell, 

u.s., Leitb, and is the widow of the Rev. 
William Cousin, late Minister of the Free 
Church of Melrose. She has contributed 
many poems to various periodicals ; 7 hymns 
to The Service of Praise, 1865, edited by the 
Rev. J. H. Wilson, of Edinburgh ; and 1 to 
the Pa. and Hyt. for Divine Wortliip, 1806, 
the Hymnal of the English Presbyterian 
Church, 4 of her hymns are included in the 
Scottish Prestt. Hymnal, 1876. Her most 
popular hymn, "The sands of time ore sink- 
ing," was first pub. in The Christian Trea- 
sury for 1857, and gives its title to the col- 
lected edition of her poems published in 187(1, 
as ImmamttTt Land and other Pieces by A. 
R, C. This is a collection of 107 hymns and 
poems, many of which are very beautiful. In 
general theyare, however, rattier meditations 
than hymns suited for public worship. Of 
these the following, in addition to those an- 
notated under their first lines, are in C, U. : — 

1. Ring Eternal, King Immortal. Chrittaai. 

2. O Christ, whet burdens bowed Thy heed. Ooad 
Friday. 

3. To Thee, end to Thy Christ, O God. Praiie, 

4. To thy father end thy mother. Filial Duty. 

[J. M.] 
Coverdale, Miles, ».»., a celebrated 
English Divine and Reformer, b, in Yorkshire, 
1487, and educated at Cambridge. He was 
for some time a Canon of the Order of St. 
Augustine. On embracing the reformed faith, 
he went abroad, 1528, and associated with 
Tyndale and various continental Reformers, 
His translation of the Bible wits published in 
1535, and the second version of the New 
Testament, 1538. Returning to England, in 
1551 he was promoted to the see of Exeter. 
On the accession of Mary he went to Den- 
mark, and then to Geneva, At the latter 
place he assisted his fellow refugees in pro- 
ducing the celebrated Geneva Bible. In 1560. 
on the accession of Elizabeth, he returned to 
England, but instead of resuming his see, he 
accepted the Rectory of St. Magnus, London 
Bridge. He d. in Feb. 1569, and was buried 
in St. Bartholomew's church, by the Exchange. 



COWPER, WILLIAM 

Feb. 19, 1569. For hi* Gooettu Ptabtnet, one 
of the earliest metrical efforts in the English 
language, but mainly from the German, see 
l*gtidrultam,$v.,uidClo*«ar?wliBM. [J.J.] 
Cowper, WBliwn, the poet. The lead- 
ing events in the life of Cowper we: b. in 
his father's rectory, Berkbampstead, Nov. 
26, 1781 ; educated at Westminster ; called to 
the Bar, 1754; madness, 1763 ; residence at 
Huntingdon, 1765 ; removal to Olney, 1768 ; to 
Weston, 1786 ; to East Dereham, 1795 ; death 
there, April 25, 1800. 

The simple life of Cowper, marked chiefly 
by its innocent recreations and tender friend- 
ship*, mi in reality a tragedy. His mother, 
whom he commemorated in the exquisite 
» Lines on her picture," a vivid delineation 
of his childhood, Written in his 60th year, died 
when he was six years old. At his first 
school he was profoundly wretohed, but happier 
at Westminster ; excelling at cricket and foot- 
ball, and numbering Warren Hastings, Col- 
man, and the future model of his versiuca- 
tion,Churcbill, among his contemporaries or 
friends. Destined for the Bur, he was articled 
to a solicitor, along with Thurlow. Daring 
this period he fell in love with his cousin, 
Theodora Cowper, sister to Lady Hesketh, 
and wrote love poems to her. The marriage 
was forbidden by her father, bnt she never 
forgot him, and in after years secretly aided 
bis necessities. Fits of melancholy, from 
which he had suffered in school days, be- 
gan to increase, as he entered on life, much 
straitened in means after his father's death. 
But on the whole, it is the playful, humorous 
side of him that is most prominent in the nine 
years after his call to the Bar; spent in the 
society of Colman, Bonnell Thornton, and 
Lloyd, and in writing satires for Tfcs Caxnoit- 
KHr and St. Jamet't Chronicle and halfpenny 
ballads. Then cametheawfalcalamity.which 
destroyed all hopes of distinction, and made 
him a sedentary invalid, dependent on his 
friends. He had been nominated to the Clerk- 
ship of the Journal* of the House of Lords, bnt 
the dread of appearing before them to show 
his fitness for tlie appointment overthrew his 
reason. He attempted his life with *' lauda- 
num, knife and cord," — in the third attempt 
nearly succeeding. The dark delusion of his 
life now first showed itself—a belief in his 
reprobation by God. But for the present, 
under the wise and Christian treatment of 
Dr. Cotton (q. v.) at St Albans, it passed 
away ; and the eight years that fallowed, of 
which the two first were spent nt Huntingdon 
(where he formed his lifelong friendship with 
Mrs; Unwin), and the remainder at Olney in 
active piety among the poor, and enthusiastic 
devotions under the guidance of John Newton 
"q. v.), were full of the realisation of God's 
avour, and the happiest, most lucid period of 
his life. But the tension of long roligioua 
exercises, the nervous excitement of leading 
at prayer meetings, and the extreme despond- 
ence (far more than the Calvinism) of Newton, 
could scarcely have been a healthy atmos- 
phere for a shy, sensitive spirit, that needed 
most of all the joyous sunlightof Christianity. 
A year after his brother's death, madness rtr* 
turned. Under the conviction that it was the 
command of God, he attempted suicide ; and 



OOWPEB, WILLIAM 



268 



fa< 



he then settled down into a belief in stark 
contradiction to his Qolvinistie creed, "that 
the Lord, after having renewed him in online**, 
had doomed him to everlasting perdition" 
(Sovthty). In its darkest form Ins affliction 
lasted sixteen months, during which he chiefly 
resided in J. Newton's house, patiently tended 
by him and by his devoted nurse, Mrs. Un- 
win. Gradually he became interested in car- 
pentering, gardening, glazing, and the tand- 
anoeof some tame hares and other playmates. 
At the close of 1780, Mrs. Unwin suggested to 
him some serious poetical work; and the occu- 
pation proved so oongenial,that his first volume 
was puft in 1782. To a gay episode in 1788 
(his fascination by the wit of Lady Austen) his 
greatest poem, TheTatk, and also John Gilpin 
were owing. His other principal work was 
his Homer, pub. in 1791. The dark cloud 
had greatly lifted from his life when Lady 
Hesketh's care accomplished his removal to 
Weston (1766) : but the loss of his dear 
friend William Unwin lowered it again for 
some months. The five years' illness of 
Mrs. Unwin, during which his nurse of old 
became his tenderly-watched patient, deepened 
the darkness more and more. And her death 
(1796) brought « fixed despair," of which his 
last poem, Tfca Cattauay, is the terrible memo- 
rial. Perhaps no mare beautiful sentence has 
been written of him, than the testimony of 
one, who saw him after death, that with the 
" composure and calmness " of the face there 
" mingled, as it were, a holy surprise." Ow- 
ner's poetry marks the dawn of the return 
from the conventionality of Pope to natural 
expression, and the study of quiet nature. 
His ambition was higher than this, to be the 
Bard of Christianity (Benham, p. slvi.). His 
great poems show no trace of his monomania, 
and are full of healthy piety. His fame as a 
poet is less than as a letter-writer : the charm 
of his letters is unsurpassed. Though the 
most considerable poet, who has written 
hymns, he has contributed little to the deve- 
lopment of their structure, adopting the tra- 
ditional modes of his time and Newton's 
severe canons. The spiritual ideas of the 
hymns are identical with Newton's: their 
highest note is peace and thankful contem- 
plation, rather than joy : more than half of 
them are full of trustful or re-assuring faith : 
ten of them are either submissive (44), self- 
reproachful (17> 42, 43), full of sad yearning 
(1, 34), questioning (9^ or dark spiritual 
conflict (38-40). The specialty of Oowper's 
handling is agreaterplaintiveness, tenderness, 
and refinement. A study of these hymns as 
they stood originally under the classified heads 
of the Olney Eyaxnt, 1779, which in some 
cases probably indicate the aim of Cowper as 
well as the ultimate arrangement of the 
book by New tern, shows that one or two hymns 
were more the history of liifl conversion, than 
transcripts of present feelings ; and the study 
of Newton's hymns in the same volume, full or 
heavy indictment against the sins of his own 
regenerate life, brings out the peculiar dan- 
ger of his friendship to the poet: it tends 
also to modify considerably the conclusions 
of Southey as to the signs of incipient mad- 
ness in Cowper'e taddetst hymns. Cowper's 
beat hymns are given in Th» Book of Praite 



266 COX, CHRISTOPHER 0. 

by Lord Selbome. Two may bo selected from 
them; the exquisitely tender "Hark I my 
soul, it is the Lard " (q. v.)i and " Oh I for a 
closer walk 'with God " (q. v.). Anyone who 
knows Mm Browning's noble lines on Oow- 
per's grave will find even a deeper beauty in 
the latter, which is a purely English hymn 
of perfect structure and strearalike cadence, 
by connecting its sadness and its aspiration 
not only with the '* discord on the music " and 
the " darkness on the glory," but the rapture 
of his heavenly waking beneath the " pathetic 
eyes " of Christ. 

Authorities. £jwj,byH»yley;<MinBhsw j Boutbeyj 
Professor Gotdwln Smith ; Mr. Benfmm (attached to 
Glebe Edition) ; Life of Jfcwten, by Kev. Jorioh Bull; 
and the Olney Hymm. Tha numbers of tbe hymns 
quoted refer to tbe Obity Hjpnn*. [H. L. B.J 

Cox, Christopher Christian, m-d., was 
a Maryland physician, and long prominent in 
the public service. Bom at Baltimore, Ang. 
28, 1816, and graduated at Yale College, 
1835. He practised medicine in Baltimore, 
1838, and in Talbot County, Maryland, 1843. 
In 1861 he became Brigade Surgeon U. S, A., 
and resided in "Washington. He d. Nov. 25, 
1882. He was a member of the Protestant 
Episcopal Church. His hymns in C. TJ. are :— 

1, Silently the shades of evenisf. Evening. 
'Written in 1840 or 1848, and pub. in Wood- 
north's Cabinet, 1817, with music, it is much 
used in American hymn-books, 

1. the burden of my sins, Lord, Lent, Ap- 
peared in the Cantate Domino, Boston, 1859, 
together with two additional originals and two 
translations. These hymns are unknown to 
English collection, [F. M. B.] 

Cox, D. [or XL] Old Version, § i*. 8. 

Cox, Frances Elisabeth, daughter of 
Mr. George V, Cox, h. at Oxford, is well known 
as a successful translator of hymns from 
the German. Her in. were pub. as Baared 
Hymns from the German, Land,, Pickering. 
The 1st ed., pub. 1841, contained 49 trs. 

Printed with the original test, together with 
iographical notes on the German authors, 
In the 2nd ed., 1864, Hymns from tie German, 
Loud., Rivingtons, the tr$. were increased to 
58, those of 1841 being revised, and with 
additional notes. The 5ti trs. were composed 
of 27 from, the 1st ed. (22 being omitted} and 
29 which were new. The best known of her 
tn, are " Jesus lives ! no longer [thy terrors] 
now " ; and " Who are these lilie stars appear- 
ing?" A few other (rs. and original hymns 
have been contribnted by Miss Cox to the 
magazines; but they have not been gathered 
together into a volume. [J. J.] 

Cose, Arthur Cleveland, n.n, ll,d. 
One of tha moat distinguished of American 
prelates, and son of an eminent Presbyterian 
minister, the Bev, Samuel H. Cox, S.D., was 
b. at Meudham, New Jersey, May 10, 1818. 
Graduating at the University of New York in 
1838, and taking Holy Orders in 1841, he 
became Rector of St. John's, Hartford, Con- 
necticut, in the following year. In 1851 lie 
visited England, and on his return was elected 
Bcctor of Grace Church, Baltimore, 1854, and 
Calvary, New York, 1863, His consecration 
as Bishop of the Western Diocese of New 



COXE, ARTHUR O. 

York took plaoo in 1865, His residence is at 
Buffalo. Bishop Coxo is the author of nu- 
merous works. His poetical works were 
mostly written in early life, and include Ad- 
vent, 1837; Athawwion, &c., 1842; Christian 
Ballad*, 1840 (Preface to the English edition, 
April, 1848); Hallowe'en and Other Poems, 
1841; Saul, a Ifystery, 1845, &c. Some of 
Bishop Coxe's hymns are found in the collec- 
tions of every religous body in America, 
except the official collections of his own. 
This is accounted for by his too scrupulous 
modesty. As a member of the Hymnal Com- 
mittee, in 1869-71, he refused to permit the 
insertion of his own lyrics. As he has not 
preserved memoranda, and has no precise 
recollection of dates, several dates here given 
are somewhat uncertain. 

1, Behold an Israelite indeed, St, Bwtholomea, 
First appeared in " Poems," published with his 
Christian Ballads, 1840, and found in an altered 
form in the People's H, and the Hymnary. 

9, Body of Jesus, O sweet Pood, Holy Com- 
munion. Written at St. James's College, Mary- 
land (since broken np by the Civil War), As- 
cension Day, 1858, It was first printed for 
private nse, and then pub. in the Cantata 
Domino, Boston, 1859, No. S3, and again in 
other American collections. It is also in SchafTa 
Christ in Song, I860, and in The Churchman's 
Altar Manual, 2nd ed., 1683. 

8, Brtttri of the Lord, Spirit blest. WhitstM- 
tide. Bishop Coie considers this more worthy 
of being called a hymn than anything else from 
his pen. It was written long before it appeared 
in the NewYork Independent, Whitsuntide, 1878. 
It is in the SchafF-Gilmnn Library of BeHgious 
Poetry, 1881, and Brooke's Churchman's Manual 
of Private and Family Devotion, 1883. 

*. Christ is arisen, Easter. This is suggested 
by, and partly tr. from, the famous Easter Chorus 
in Goethe's Faust, "Christ ist erstanden" (see 
Goethe), and appeared in Hallowe'en, 1844. 

5, Be who for Christ hath left behind. St. 

Matthew, From his Christian Ballads, &c, 1840. 

6. la tha silent midnight watches, Christ 
knocking. From his Athanasion, &c, 1842; an 
impressive moral poem rather than a hymn on 
Christ knocking at the door, extensively used in 
America, and sometimes in England. Orig. 
test, Schorl's Christ in Song, 18<i9. 

T, Lord, when Thou didst eome from heaven, A 

hymn for Epiphany, on behalf of Western Mis- 
sions, appeared among the " Leys " appended to 
Hallowe'en, 1844, and again in later editions of 
the Christian Ballads. It ia sometimes abbre- 
viated, as in Lyra Sac. Amer., " Westward, 
Lord, the world alluring," 

B> Now pray we tar our aeuntry, National 
Hymn. A stanza from Chronicles, or medita- 
tions on events in the history of England, called 
up by Tisiting her abbeys and cathedrals, and 
appeared in Christian Ballads, 1840. Originally 
it began, "Now pray we for our mother," and, 
with the succeeding stanza, was a call upon 
Americans to pray for their mother country. It 
is adopted by Dr. Martineau in his Hys., 1873. 

B. walk with God, and thou shalt rind. Holi- 
ness. Appeared in his Hallowe'en, &c, 1844, 
and is found in Lyra Sac. Amer, 



CBABBE, GEORGE 

10. where are Unfa end ampin* now t Church 
of God. The 6th ft. of bts ballad "Chelsea," 
which appeared in the Churchman, 1839, and 
again in his Christian, Ballade, 1640. 

11. Barlow, sprinkle auay uattoaa. Jfissions. 
" Began on Good Friday, 1850, and completed 
1851, in the ground* of Magdalen College, Ox- 
ford." 1st pub. in Varies for 1851, in Com- 
memoration of the third Jubilee of the Society for 
the Propagation of the Gospel, edited by the Iter, 
Ernest Hawkins, 1651. It was subsequently ap- 
pended to the English ed, of his Christian Bits' 
lads. It Is regarded as Bisbip (fore's best piece, 
and to many minds it is the loveliest of mis- 
sionary hymns. Its use in England is rery 
extensive. It is not found in the American 
Episcopal hymnal for the reason given above. 

It. Still a* enr day our strength shall be. 
Temptation. Appeared in his Hallowe'en, &<>., 
1844, and Lyra Sac. Amer. 

IS. Soldier, ta the eomtsat pnssinf. Christian 
Conflict. From bts Halloue'tn, &c, 1844, and 
Lyra Sue. Amer. It was written in 1834. 

1*. That Is a land lik* Sden fair. From 
Halloue'en, &c, into a few collections. 

II. We an Bring, we an dwelling. Christian 
Soldiers. An Impressive moral poem rather than 
a hymn, but extensively used. It appeared in 
his Athanasion, &c, 1840, and Lyra Sue, Awer. 

U. Who it this, with laments gory. Pas- 
siontiae. From his " Lays " appended to Hoi' 
taxe'en, 1844, and again in his Christian Ballad*, 
It is found in the Child's Christian Tear, 4th ed. 
n.d., the People'* Hy., and other collections. It 
b in 4 st. of 8 1. The last stanza is sometimes 
raven as a separate hymn ; — " Hail, all hail, 
Thou Lord of Glory," 

IT. Whan o'er India's valet and bolls. Written 
dr. 1840, and pnb. in his Haltowtfer, &&, 1844, 
and again, with the author's final corrections, 
made in 1869, in Schaffs Christ tn Song (1870 
ed. p. 112), Also in the English edition of his 
Christian Ballads. From this "Hymn to the 
Redeemer," two shorter hymns have been com- 
piled: — (1) ■" How beauteous were the marks 
divine." This Is in almost universal American 
and occasional English use. (2) " O who like 
Thee, so calm, so bright," in the Hymnary, 1872. 

Bishop Crate boa also translated the Pange 
■ Kagua glorictt oorporU (q. v.), and is the 
author of the beautiful Christmas Carol, 
* Carol, carol, Christiana," given in hie Chris- 
tian BaUad*, &o. [F. H. B.] 

Crabbe, George, ll.b., b. at Aldborough, 
Suffolk, Dee. 24, 1751, and educated for the 
medical profession, but after practising for a 
short time, he turned his attention to litera- 
ture, and subsequently took Holy Orders. He 
was sneoessiTery Curate of Aldborough and 
of Stathern, and Incumbent of Eivershot, 
Mirston and Trowbridge. Died at Trowbridge, 
Feb. 3, 1832. He received his degree from 
the Archbishop of Canterbury. Although 
well known as a poet, his hymns aro very 
few, and but little known. His works in- 
clude The. Village ; The Parish Register, 1807 ; 
and others. From The Parish JUgister, his 
hymn, "Pilgrim, burdened with thysin"(q.v.) 
is taken. Crabbe'a collected Works were pub., 
with a Memoir, by his son, in 1834. [J, J.] 



CRAMER, JOHAKN A. 267 

Craig, John, was h. in 1518, educated at 
the University of St, Andrews, and became 
a Dominican monk. Being suspected of 
heresy, he went, In 1537, to England, then to 
Franca, and Anally settled among the Do- 
minicans in Bologna. There, on reading 
Calvin's Institutes, he embraced and taught 
his views. Being accused of heresy, he was 
sent to Rome and imprisoned. He was sen- 
tenced to be burnt, August 19, 1559, bnt 
escaped at the death of Paul IV., on Auk, 18. 
From Borne he went by Bologna and Milan 
to Vienna, where he preached before the Em- 
peror Maximilian II,, who gave him letters of 
safe conduct to England. Having returned to 
Scotland, he became minister of the Canon- 
gate (then Holyrood House), Edinburgh, in 
1561, and in 1563 joint minister with John 
Knox of St. Giles's. In 1571 he became 
minister of Montrose, in 1573 Superintendent 
of Mar and Buchan, and in 1579 minister of 
Holyrood and domestic chaplain to James VI. 
He d. 12th December, 1600. 

In the StuttUh Plotter of 16W-&S, there in IS Psahn 
versions by htm, vis. : Ps. 24, 60, 76, 102, 106, loo, 110, 
111, 110, 132, 130, 140, 1*1, 113, 1«B; sea the first lines 
under fksottiib. Syauaij, i 11. a. They ue moetty In 
p.m. and thus only three were repeated In the Scottiih 
Plotter, of ISM, consldeiaWy altered, as tbe second ver- 
sions of Fs. 130, 113, and lis. Crala/s best known work, 
la A ifcarts nniMjr the trtoie Ctstahitae, Edinburgh, 
1501, reprinted at Edinburgh tn 1003, with a careful bio- 
graphical Introduction by T. G. Law. [J. M.] 

Cramer, Johann Andreas, b. Jan. 27, 
1723, at Johstadt or Johann-Georgen-Stadt, 
in the Saxon Horz, whero his father was 
pastor. After studying at the University of 
Leipzig, where he graduated m.a. in 1745, he 
was in 1718 appointed preacher at Crellwitz, 
near Litzen, and in 1750 Court Preacher and 
member of Bie Consistory at Quedlinburg. 
Four years later he became German Court 
Preacher to King Frederick V. of Denmark, 
at Copenhagen. There he obtained great 
fame as a preacher and teacher; and was 
appointed in 1765 Professor of Theology in 
the University. But after the accession of 
Charles TH., in 1766, the free-thinking party 
in the State gradually gained the ascendancy, 
and procured his removal ; whereupon he was 
appointed, in 1771, Superintendent in Lubeck. 
When the orthodox party regained power in 
1771, he was recalled to Denmark, as Vice- 
chancellor, and First Professor of Theology 
in the University of Kiel, and in 1784 Chan- 
cellor. He d. at Kiel on the night of June 
11-12,1788 (i&xft.vi. 334-341; AOg. Deutsche 
Biog., iv. 550-551 ; Bode, pp. 54-55— the last 
dating his birth, Jan. 29). 

Cramer was rather a writer of religious lyrics than of 
hymns, though st least SO of his compositions passed 
Into the hymn-books of hts times. His PBalm versions 
are noted under Flatten, German, $ vi. Those that 
have been It. into English are all included either in the 
AUgemeines O. B., Altona, 1180, which be edited for use 
in Sehleswitt-Holatetn, or In his S&wnti&As titiiOttt, 
LetpiUj, lJM-3. Tbeyare:— 

i. Sis ihr dee Lebena adle Zeis, jjte duty of the 
Scholar. 1780, as above, fto, B20, in 11 St., repeated. 
lTsi, vol. 11. p. sis. IV. as, " Q ye, who lrom your 
earliest youth, 6 hy JK« Win&vmrth, 1899, p. 821. 

ii, Sdwb, erheb, meine Beele. Pi. eiv. In Ma 
Poefiieao Ifebersetiuna der Pialmtn, Leipiig. IMS, 
pt. ill., p. 45, in isst. Included, 1T80, as shore, No, 121. 
The form It. Is that in the WUrttembcro 9, B-, 1191, 
No. 3* (10U, No. S3), beginning with at. Ii., " Htrr, dlr 



268 CEASHAW, EICHABD 

let ulemand in vergleicben/' Tr. as, . " Lord, none to 
Thee may be compared," by Mies Burlinsham, la the 
Srititk Strata, Jin. 1886, p. WO, repeated In Eeid'e 
tTBiteBk,, im, No. 373. 

iiL Erwasaet, Hart' mvd Psalter. Jfortiinj. 
Founded on Pa. Prill. 1st pub. ia Kollttofer'B O. B., 
Lelpdg. UK, No. 71, In t it. Repeated, 1780, a* 
above, JSo- s, and as No. 41 of the hymns appended to 
hii gDangstixhe Waehafomngen Her P tatmen Uavtstt, 
Kopenhegen, 1W», p- 2M, IV. by H. J. Buekeli. 1842, 
p. as, as: — "Iflfaaie, harp and psaltrry Bounding. 

It. Sohnf mieh Ofltt ((it Attfenblioke. Jinmorta- 
Jliyqftt<s SjuJ. lie*, a> above. No. las, in 11 at,, re- 
peated, 1781, vol, f. p. 181. Tr. (beginning with at. vl, 
"Qeist : daa 1st meln holier Name ), by Dr. H. Xillt, 
1816, as i-— 4 * Man were better nam'd a Bpirlt." 

T, Steibesd fur daa Bail dar SHnier. jUcenrion. 
In the jBoyreB/fc 0. #., 1779, No. 113, in * at. In- 
eluded, liBO, as above, No. 319,andr)82, voL ii. p. 33. 
Tr. by Dr. S. Hills, 18*5, as :— ■■ Dying a guilt; world 
to aave." 

vl, Unerfsrsoalioli aed mir burner. CtoTi Wiidan. 
1st pnb. in bia jlndacBt™ in BetrocMmijien, Oetwten 
«nd Ltedera, &c, voL 11., pt. 11., SrhleawVg and Ldpda 
11C9, and thence In Jfottnaao*, v. S4. Included In 1111 
(see No. lit), p. 2B0, and USD as above, No. T8, Tr. (1) 
in SMi-«t /tonus by S. K. Maxwell, 1857, p. 196, as:— 
" Though inscrutable may ever"; (J) by Or. G. Walker, 
1880, p. 91, as :— ''Inscrutable to me although." 

[J.M.] 

Craahaw, Richard, a. of the Rev. Wil- 
liam Crasliaw. -was educated at the Charter 
House and Pembroke Hall, and Peterhouse, 
Cambridge. Of the latter college he became 
a Fellow, and distinguished himself both in 
Latin and English poetry. In common with 
many others he was ejected from his Fellow- 
ship for reftising the Covenant. Entering the 
Roman Communion he went to Paris, seeking 
preferment Failing for it time, he mas as- 
sisted by Cowley, the poet, in 1646; and by 
him recommended to Queen Henrietta Maria, 
who was then residing in Paris, Under her 
patronage ho travelled in Italy, and subse- 
quently became a Canon in the Church of 
Loreto. Died in 1650. Prior to his leaving 
England he wrote his Step* to the Temple, 
1646, in which are gireu versions of two 
Psalms; and subsequently The Delight* of the 
Muses. Carmen Deo Nottro was pub. posthu- 
mously in 1652. It contained hymns both, 
urijrfnul and translated. His Poems were 
edited by Turubull, 1 856 ; and by Dr. Orosart 
in 1803. [English Paalters, §x..; English Hymnodj, 
Saxly, Six.] [J. J.] 

Craaselius, BartholomKus, son of 
Johannes Crassclt, sheepmaster at Wemsdorf 
near Gl&uchan, Saxony ; was b. at Wemsdorf, 
Feb. 21, 1667. After studying at Halle, under 
A, H. Francke, he became, in 1701, pastor at 
Nidda, in Wetteravia, Hesse. In 1708 he 
was appointed Lutheran pastor at Dtisseldorf, 
where he d. Nov, 1 0, 1724, after a somewhat 
troubled pnstorate, during which he felt called 
upon to testify Btrouglyand somewhat bitterly 
against the shortcomings of the place and of 
the times (Koch, iv. 418-421 ; Attg. DeuUdie 
Biog., iv. 566-67 ; Bode, p. 55 ; Ms. from 
Pastor Baltzer, Wemsdorf; the second dating 
his call to Dilsseldorf 1706). Of the hymns 
by him which Freylinghausen included in his 
Geietreichet G. B., 1704, two have been tr. .-— 

i. XHr, dir, Jehovah, will ioh ainfen. Prayer. 
A iij'inn of supplication for the spirit of grace 
rightly to praise and worship God, founded on 
St, John, ivl 23-28, the Gospel for Rogation 



CKEWDSON, JANE 

SnnJsy. 1st pub. in the OeiitreicAes G, B., 
Halle, 1697, p. 587, in 8 at. of 6 1. Repeated 
aa No. 291 in Freylinghauscn's G. B. t 1704, and 
since in almost all collections, as in the Berlin 
G. L. a, ed. 1863, No. 936. 

The well-known lane (known in England as Win- 
dutter Jftw aa reduced to l. m. In K. A. <£ Jr., No. W) 
which appeared with thla hymn in /VejritnfliauMS, 
1TM, la altered from a melody to " Wet nur den lleben 
Gott lasat walten," in tlie Jfurtcait'tci HaiuBweh atr 
Oeiitlickcn MOaUta, Hamburg, 1880. See L, Brt'i 
CKtratlHich, 1883, No, 83, and p. Ml; also No. 381. 
Tbe common, but erroneous ascription of this tune to 
Grassellua arose from confusion between the authorship 
cf the tune and the words. There ia no evidence that 
Crasselius wrote any tunes. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, Jehovah, let me sow ador* Thee, a good and 
full tr. by Miss Wiukworth, as No. 117, in her 
C. B.for England, 1863,set to the 1704 melody, 

S, Te Thee, Lord, will I sine praises, in full, 
by Dr. M. Loy, in the Evangelical Jteviete, 
Gettysburg, July 1861, and as No. 216 in the 
Ohio Lath. Hymnal, 1880. 

Other tra. or* : — 

(i) " To Thee, Jehovah, III be sitwtnj," in tbe Aqp, 
to Cer. Piolmodj, ed. 1I8S, p. 41, and in S&tct H. front 
Get. ptal„ Tranqnebar, 11M, p. 13. (1) « Draw me, 
Father, to the Son," » tr. of et li« Vy V. H. Molther, 
as Mo. 1S5 in the JTorotiiait B. B!t* 1)88. In the 
ed. of lS&a It is enlarged to 3 et. by Ifae addition of tlte 
tr. of et. i. and Till., and in this' form it begins :— " To 
Thee, Jebuvab, will I slog," (31 "ToThee,0 Lord, I 
come with eiaajng," by Silas Burlinguam, in tbe BritM 
Herald, April, 188s, p. »W, repeated aa Mo. *oa in Reld's 
-Prui»e Bk., 1ST3. 

ii. Enraoh, O aTenaeh, erwaane. Lent, Ap- 
peared in Freylinghausen's G. B^ 1704, No. 266, 
in 4 st. of 9 J. Included in Ennsen's Yermeh, 
1833, No. 298, and Ailg. G. B., 1846, No. 13. 
Tr. as " Awake, O roan, and from thee shake," 
by Mite Winhwrth, 1855, p. 61. 

The hymn, " Hetligeter Jesu, Helligungsquelle," as- 
cribed to Crasselius, is noted under J. v. t-adentUin. See 
also " Hallelujah ! Lob, Freia und £hr." [J. M.] 

Creamer, David, b. at Baltimore, Nov. 
20, 1812. He was in business till 1858, and 
from 1882 to 1879 in Government employment. 
He was the earliest American student of liym~ 
nology, and collector of hymns. Before I860 
he had gathered a hymnologics.1 library of 800 
vols., many of them very rare. It now be- 
longs to the Drew Seminary, Madison, New 
Jersey. In 1848 he pub. Methodist Hymnology, 
New Jersey, 12mo, pp. 470, a book tlivn 
without precedent, except Burress's smaller 
vol. pub, in London, He wns also one of tlio 
compilers of Hymns for the Methniiel Episco- 
pal Church, 1849. [F. M. B.] 

Creutzberg, Amadeus. [Suuld, t. B.] 

CreutslBer, Elisabethe. [Onuicer.] 

Crewdoon, Jane, a6e Fox, daughter 
of George Fox, of Ferraw, Cornwall, was b. 
at Perrnw, October, 1800 ; married to Thomas 
Crewdson,of Manchester, 1836; andd.atSum- 
metlands, near Manchester, Sept, 14, 1863. 
During a long illness Mrs. Crewdson com* 
posed her works published as : — 

(l) Lay of the Rtfomatitin, 18S8. (s) jl I.tilit 
Wkae,and War Potnit (posthumous), ISM. (3) Tt>t 
Singer of Eitenack, w*t>. \ and (4) Aunt Janttt rtrttt 
for Cktldrtn, 1851. 2nd ed. less, 3rd 18,1. 

From these works nearly a dozen of her 
hymns havecomeinto C. V. The best known 
are, "O for the peace which floweth ns a 
river," oiid "There is no sorrow, Lord, too 



OBOLY, GEOBGE 

light." In addition to these and others which 
are annotated under tbeir respective flret lines, 
there are the following in various collections : 

1. Give to the Lord thy heart. ISM. Offertory. 
a. How tenderly Thy hunt Is laid. 1&64. «»iofHi- 
ticn. 

3. Looking unto Jesus. ISM. Ana Alt in Jit. 

4. Lord, we know that Toon art obit as. ISM. 
Resignation. 

6. Saviour. I hare naught to plead. ISM. During 
Sittnai. These plaintive lines were written a short 
time before her death. 

t. Thou whose bounty Alls my cup. IBSO. Peace, 

I. The followers of the Bon of God. ISM. neDaily 

CHKS, 

8. Though gloom may Tdt oar troubled skies. I8M. 
RttigtuUion, [J. J.] 

Oroly, George, ll.d., b. in Dublin, Aug, 
17, 1780, and educated at the Dublin Uni- 
versity (h.a. 1804, ll.d. 1831). After tak- 
ing Holy Orders, he laboured in Ireland till 
about 1810, when he took up his residence 
in London, and devoted himself to literature. 
In 1835 lie succeeded to the united benefices 
of Si Stephen's, Walhrook, and St Benet 
Sberehog, retaining the same till his death, 
which occurred suddenly in the public street, 
Elolbom, Nov. 24, 1860. His prose publica- 
tions, in addition to contributions to Blade- 
wood?* Magazine, were numerous, and dealt 
with biographical, historical, and scriptural 
subjects. His hymns were given in his — 

Ptalm and ifystnt for Public Worthip, Written 
and compiled by the Ren. George CVofy, LL.D. Lond. 
Kendrick, ISM. 

Tliis collection contained 25 psalms, 50 
hymns, and 6 poems. Of these 10 psalms, 12 
hymns, and the 6 poems bear Dr. CrcuVs 
initial. The following hare come into G. U. 
mainly through Windle's Call. : — 

t. Be ettll, be still, Impatient ml. Patience. 

3, Behold me, Lord, and If tbou Bnd. Lent. 

3. Lift up your beads, ye gates of light, dteetabm. 

4. Lord, who hast sought us out, unsought, Public 
Worthy?. 

s. Teach us, Lord, thda day. Sunday. 

fi. Thou, Lord of mercy and of might, lent. 

All these date from 1834, with the excep- 
tion of No. 6, whicli appeared in his Scent* 
from Scripture and otter Poem*, 1851. [J. J.] 

Cronenwett, XL, a Lutheran Faster at 
Butler, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., contributed to 
the Evangelical Lutheran Hymnal, Published 
by Order of the Ev. Lutheran Joint Synod of 
Ohio and other State*, 1880, in addition to 20 
tn. from the German, the following original 
hymns, some of which rank with the beet in 
tile collection : — 

1. A holy state Is wedded lift. Domettie Worthip. 

S. Faith is wisdom from on high. Faith. 

3. Heavenly Father, Jesus taught us. Prayer, 

4. Lord, Thine omniecience t adore. Oomitcisice. 

5. O Triune God, Thy binning great. Damettic 
Worikip. 

ft. OT omnlecient grace Islng. Omniscience. 

t. Of Zlon's honour angels slug. Ordination. 

8. The preeepte of tbo word an pur*, Soty Scrfo- 
lurt. 

». The Spirit's fruits are price and love, Fruitt of 
the Spirit. 

10. "Ties marvel in our eyes. Foundation Stone 
laying of a Church. 

II. To Thee, our fathers' God, we bow. Domettie 
Worrtip. 

11. Unto Cesar let us render. National Ihanla- 



giving, 
13, We have a sure, prophetic word, 



Crosby, Fanny. 



B. otrtodtrc 
r/j.] 

[Tan Alstyn*, T. J.] 



CBOSSWELL, WILLIAM 2W 

Cross, Ada, nee Cambridge, daughter 
of Henry Cambridge, b. at St. Gennaint, Nor- 
folk, Nov. 21, 1844, and married, m 1869, to 
George Frederick Gross, who, in 1870, took 
Holy Orders as a curate in Eng., and subse- 
quently, after holding various curacies in 
Australia, became, in 1877, Incumbent of 
Coleraine, iu the diocese of Ballarat. Her 
works include Hymns on the Holy Communion, 
1866 ; Hymns on the Litany, 1863, &e. ; and 
she has also contributed to Lay* of ike Flout 
MinitreU, 1862 ; English Lyric*, tto, ', and 
published a prose story, " The Two SurpUcee," 
1865, and tales in various magazines. Her 
bymns have attained to some popularity, and 
ore characterized by great sweetness and 
purify of rhythm, combined with naturalness 
and simplicity. The best known are : — 

1. Humbly now with deep contrition. 1MB. Lent, 

3. Jesus, Great Redeemer. 186a. Holy Communion. 
a. Light of the world, shine on us, ises. Uohki- 

tie Worthip. 

4. Saviour, by [to] Thysweet compassion. Lent. 

9. The dawn of God's dear Sabbath, im Sunday 
Iteming. [J. J.] 

Crosaman, Samuel, dj>. From A. 
Wood's Athenae Oxonientee (1720, Tol. ii. u 
730) we gather .all that is known of tins 
hymn-writer. Wood says concerning him : — 

" Sunuel Crossman, Bachelor of Divinity of Cam- 
bridge, and Prebendary of Bristol, son of Samuel Cross- 
nun, of Bradfteld Monsehorum, In Suffolk. He hath 
written and published several things, as The Young 
Man's Monitor. Ac., London, 1664, svo. and several 
sermons, among which are two sermons preached In the 
Cathedral or Bristol, mh Jan., 1H9, and 30th Jan., 16HO, 
being the days of public humilUtkm for the execrable 
murder of King Charles L, printed at London, lst)l,4toi 
also a sermon preached 23rd April, leso, in the Cathedral 
Church or Bristol, before the Gentlemen of the Artillery 
Company newly raised in that City, printed At London, 
L680, 4to ; and, An Humble Plea for the quiet rest of 
God's Art, preached before Sir Joh. Moore, Lord Mayor 
of London, at St. Klbtred's Church in the Poultrey, Sth 
February, 1SB1, Ijoodon, 1682, 4to, Ac. He died 4th 
February, 1683, aged St years, *nd was burled In tbe 
South Aisle of the Cathedral Church In Bristol " {of 
which be had been appointed Dean a few weeks beforej. 

Grossman's contributions to hymnody were 
given in a small pamphlet entitled :— 

The Hung Man't Meditation, or tone fen Sacral 
Poem! upon Select Subjects, and Scripture?, By Samuel 
Crouman, B.B. London, Printed by J. S., *c, 1664, 

Tliis pamphlet, which was reprinted by D. 
Sedgwick, Lond., 1863, contains 9 sacred 
poems. Or these the following are in C. U. : — 

1. Ky life's a shade, my days. Returrection. TUb 
is in S st. of 4 1., together with a chorus to each stanza 
of 4 1, It is sometimes given as " Life Is a shade, my 
days," as In .Kennedy, law. 

B. Sweet plaoe, sweat plaos alone, Pt. I. Jerusalem 
0» high, ft, tl. These two parts form one poem on 
Heaven. The most popular portion Is Pt. ii. This Is 
given m numerous collections in G.Britain end America, 
Part i. is not so extensively used. From the two puts 
the cento " Earth's but a sorry tent" In tbe llitcb 
Reformed Bvi, of the Chunk N. T. 1869, is also 
taken. See *ws*" Hjmnody, Early, A x. 

5. Paxtwau, poor world, I matt be gems. Beaih 
anticipated. This is given in the Com p rthentive 
Mippon, is44,snd In e few of the older American faymn- 

1. Wj seng la love unknowu. In the Angiiean 
H. Bk„ 18(8. rj_ J.] 

Crosawell, William, d.d., was b. at 
Hudson, N.Y^ Nov. 7, 1801 ; graduated at 
Yale College, 1822 ; entered for a tune upon 
law studies, but eventually be entered Hart- 
ford College as a Theological Student, and 
then took Holy Orders in the Protestant 



270 



CHOWLEY, UOBEltT 



Episcopal Church in 1820. In 1829 ho he- 
came Hector of Christ Church, Boston; in 
1640, of St. Peter's, Auburn, New York ; and 
in 1811, of the Church of the Advent, Boston. 
Died suddenly tit Boston, Nor. 9, 1851. 
Whilst at Hnrtford he assisted, during 1 327-23, 
in editing The Watchman and contrihuted to 
it many of his poetical pieces. His Memoir 
was written by his father, tike Bev, Dr. Cross- 
well, of Now Haven; and his Poems, col- 
lected by his lather, were edited, with a short 
Memoir, by Dr. (now Bishop) Coxo, and pub. 
nt Boston in 18(10. Of his hymiis the fol- 
lowing are in C. U. : — 

1. lord, go with ob, and we go. Journeying. 
This in Hymns for the Church and Horns, 1860, 
Ho. 212, i* a tiortion of his "Traveller's Hymn," 
1st pub. in 1883. Concerning it Dr. Coxe says, 
" When on n journey with him, I reminded him 
i>f his 'Traveller's Hymn,' which I had seen but 
wnld not remember ; and he told me, if I recol- 
lect aright, that it wns a sort of Impromptu, 
which bubbled up when he was going with Dr. 
Wain wright from Boston to New York to attend 
the General Convention " (Memoir, p. xlii.); and 
in his notes, ]>. 283, he indirectly fixes the date 
»f composition as 1S32. Grig, text in 2 st. of 
ti 1., in Poems, p. 255. 

f. lord, lead the way the Saviour went- For 
■Sisters of Meixy. Written in 1831 for the 
Howard Benevolent Society of Boston. Dr. 
Com has entitled it "Hymn for Sisters of 
Mercy," anil says he " ventured to give it a 
name suited to the prevent state of the Church, 
in which Deaconesses and Sisters of Mercy are 
among other realizations of the poet's ardent 
hopes. Perhaps we owe them to his faithful 
prayers." (Notes to the Poems, p. 283.) It is 
generally accepted as the best American hymn for 
benevolent occasions. Orig. text, Poena, p. 256. 

8, How gird jour patient loina again. Advent. 
This hymn for Advent is in 3 st. of 4 1. Pocnvi, 
p. 209 ; J7j's. for Ch. and Home, Mo. 55, 

4. Saviour, leave us not alone. Lent, This 
is from his hymn for Lent beginning, "Thou 
who, for forty days and nights," in 4 st. of 
4- double lines. In its abbreviated form it is 
foond in Hys, for Ch. and Noma, No. 85. Orig, 
in Poems, p. 219, in 4 St. of 4 double lines. 

6, Ve corns not with a costly store. Epiphany, 
For the Epiphany, from his Poems, p. 215, and 
based upon the Gospel of the day, in 2 st. of 8 1. 

t. And now th* solemn rlts It past. Ordination. 
This is composed of st. vii., viii. of his poem, 
"The Ordinal," in Poems, pp. 69-71, slightly 
altered, "The Ordinal" was written in 1828, 
and describes minutely his own ordination at 
his father's church, at New Haven, and the feel- 
ings inspired, by the solemnity. It was printed 
in The Watchman, 1828. (Poems, Preface, p. 
xxvii.) The portion given as "And now the 
solemn rite is past " was included in Hall's 
Mitre, 1836. 

Dr. CrosBwell also (r, the " Veni, Creator 
Spiritus " as " Creator, Spirit, come and 
bless us." His hymns are mostly unknown 
to the English collections. [F. M. B.] 

Crawley, Robert The date of this 

writer's birth is unknown. He was educated 
at Magdalen College, Oxford, where be was 
elected to a Fellowship in 1512, He acted as 



CROWN HIM "WITH MANY 

a printer under Edward VI. On the acces- 
sion of Mary, ho became one of the Frankfort 
exiles. When Elizabeth ascended the throne, 
ho returned, and was successively Vicar of the 

r'shes of St. Giles, Cripplegate, 155G, and 
Lawrence Jewry, 1576. He also became 
a Prebendary of St, Paul's in 15G3. Ho d. 
Juno 18, 1588, and was buried in St Giles's 
Church, Cripplegate. 

Crowley is known bo students of early English as ll» 
first editor of .Piers fJoumtan's Virions, of which he 
printed two editions in lass. He Tendered into verse the 
Paslter and Litany, snd composed several hymns, 1M9, 
snd also pub., In 1658, his&Aoot of Virtue wn& of Gmq 
Mature which was composed of trs. of Latin hymns. 
He le Generally regarded as the first person who rendered 
the entire Psalter Into English veree, Specimens of his 
version are given in Holland's Pnlvnists of Britain, snd 
in Cation. He was also the author of the Voice of the 
taxi Trumpet, 1S5D, given in Corser's Collectanea AngU^ 
Poetica, Ft. iv., and of a vary rare pomn, 
■* Pleasure and Payne, Heaven and Hell, 
Remember these fours and si shall be well." 

[J. T. B.] 
Crown Him -with many crowns, 
[Christ the King.] Four hymns are found in 
common use, eacn of which opens with this 
stanza. They are : — 

1. By Matthew Bridges, which appeared in 
his Hymns of the Heart, 2nd ed., 1851, p. 58, 
in G st. of 8 ]., and headed, "In captte 
ejus diademata multa. Apuc xix. 12." This 
was repeated in his Passion of Jesus, 1852, 
p. 62, where the title runs, " Third Sorrowful 
Mystery, Bong of the Seraphs, Apoc. xix. 12." 
In treatment and expression it has a more 
than slight resemblanco to Kelly's "Look, 
ye saints, the eight is glorious" (q. v.). 
With alterations, and sometimes abbrevia- 
tions, it appeared for congregational use in the 
People's H., 1867; B. A. 4 Jf„ 1868 and 
1875; Barwn, 1868; Bijmnary, 1872; By. 
Comp., and others. 

2. In the Appendix to the S. P. C. E. Ps. 
and Bys., 1869, there are 10 at of 4 L, of 
which 8 st are from M, Bridges, and 2, t\e. 
st vii. and viii., "Crown Him the Lord of 
Might," &&, are by another hand, 

3. In S. P. C. E. Church Hymns, 1871, we 
have a cento based upon Bridges's text and 
thus composed, i. Bridges; ii.-iii. Bridges 
altd.; iv. Eev. G. Thring; v. Bridges altd. ; 
vi, from 8. P, C. E. as above ; vii. IL 1-4, 
Bev. G. Thring ; IL 5-8, Bridges. 

4. The hymn opening with Hie same stanza 
in Thring'B ColL, 1882, is practically new, the 
1st st. and 1, 1 of the 5th being all that have 
been adopted from M. Bridges. Its original 
form in which it first appeared was, " Crown 
Him with crowns of gold." (In the American 
College Hymnal, N.Y., 1876.) This was in 
Mr. Thring*s Bye. and Sacred Xyriei, 1874, 
p. 75, that portion of it contained in the 
Church Bys., as noted above, having previously 
appeared in that collection. In 1880, on being 
transferred to Mr. Thring'B Coll.,M. Bridges^ 
openingstanza was substituted for the original 
in order to retain those fine lines : — 

" Hark 1 how the heavenly anthem drowns 
All mimic hut its own." 

A portion of the original hymn is sometimes 
given in American hymnals as, " Awake, my 
soul, and sing." It begins with line 5 of st. i., 
and is No. 272 in ihoSap. H. and Tune M„ 
Philadelphia, 1871. [J. J.] 



CBOWNS OF GLOEY 

Crowns of glory ever bright. T. 
Kelly. [Jetut Craumed.'] 1st pub. in tho 2nd 
ed. of his Hymn* on Variont Passage*, &c, 
1806, in 5 st. of 4 L, but in all subsequent 
editions, after 1806, with alterations and an 
additional stanza. In modern hymnals it is 
given in Kennedy, 1863, No. 70S, and in 
Snepp's S. of ff. A 0., 1872, in the authorized 
foiro ; but in the People'* JET., 1867, No. 479, 
it is abbreviated and altered. It is also in 
use in America. [J. J.] 

Cruoiger, Elisabeths, nee von Mese- 
ritu, was the daughter of a family belonging 
to the Polish nobility. Her parents, Buffering 
front the persecutions of these times, had 
been forced to seek refuge at "Wittenberg 
There, in Hay or June, 152$, showas married 
to Caspar Cructoer, son of a Leipzig burgess, 
who hod enrolled himself as a student at Wit- 
tenberg in 1522. Cruciger, who was treated 
by Luther as his own son and accounted bis 
most hopeful pupil, became in 1525 Bectur of 
St. John is School and preacher in St. Stephen's 
Church, Magdeburg ; and in 1528 was colled 
to become professor in the philosophical 
faculty at Wittenberg, but, by Luther's wish, 
was appointed one of the professors of Theo- 
logy. Of his wife, who d. at Wittenberg, May, 
1535, little is known save that she was a 
friend of Luther's wife, a lover of music, and 
an affectionate wife and mother (KoeJi, i. 281- 
285 ; Ckupar Crveiger, by Dr. Preseel, Elber- 
fcld.1862, p. 76; Alfg. DevUehe Biog. xviii. 148, 
&o.). The only hymn known as by her is : — 

Han Christ, <ter atnlff Gotta Bohn, Christmas. 
1st pub. in Eyn Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524. In 
tbe Oei&tlicAe Litder, Wittenberg, 1531, it is 
given as " Ein geiatlich liedt von Christo, FJissbet 
Creutzigerin," and from theSoitoctQ.B., 1531, 
it seems clear that in King's G. B., Wittenberg, 
1529, it bore the same title. Waciernagel, iii. 
id. 46-47, gives four forms, all in 5 St. of 7 1. 
n the Unv. L. 8., 1851, No. 37. 

JEW*, 1., 181, calls It " a sublime hymn fully embrac- 
ing In Itself tbe true power of the Gospel." Ji baa been 
ascribed to Andreas ILnopken, but tor (his external 
evidence Is entirely wonting, and In the Riga KtrcKtn- 
antmmg, UK, In which bis hymns appeared, this hymn 
Is ascribed to K Orudger. That be as a theologian 
might ally have written * hymn such as this, displaying 
power of theological expression (of. at, v.) and know- 
ledge of Latin (cf. st. 1. with Prudentlns's " Gorde uatus 
ex parentis ") may be granted, bat ladles teamed In 
Latin and theology were not unknown In those days. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. The only Boa Una bawen. A good tr. of at 
l.-iii., by A. T. Russell, as No. 41 in his Pa. £ 
Hys., 1851, repeated, with alterations, as No. 119 
in Kennedy, 1863. 

I. "Bum, of Ooi flu lather, A tr. of St. i., 
iii., fr, t by Miss Winkwrorth, as No. 155 in her 
C. B.for England, 1863, and thence as No. 277 
in the Ohio Lnth. Hymnal, 1880, 

Til, net In 0. V, ; — 



CKCGEB, JOHANN 



271 



I 



(l) "Christ Is tbe only Sonne of Ood." by Bp. Cover- 
dale, Visa, (Remains, lus, p. aasj. Almost Identical 
with (J> « Cbriet la the ouMe Bon or God," In the Oude 
and Sadly Ballatet (sd. lSsT-e, folio 74\ ed. isse, p. lsv, 
(3) " Lord Christ th' eternal Father's/ la tbe Sifip!. U> 
German ptatauay, ed. Dei, p. 3. (4) " Christ, that 
only begotten," as No. Baa in pt. 1. of the Jtoraxtan H. 
Bk, DM. (a) "Thou Maker of each creature," No. 
1*3 In the Moimiiaii S. Bk., 1T80, la st. ill. It. of the 
11S4, rewritten ny P. H. Molther. In later ede. a tr. of 
st. vi. of "Herr Jesu, Gnadeneonne" (eee t. A. Sorter, 
No. t.) was added. [J. M.j 



Cruris Christi mons Alvernaa, [St. 
Francis of Aetieu] This hymn is given in a 
Franciscan Breviary, printed at Venice in 
1495, as the hymn at first Vespers on the Feast 
of the Stigmata of St Francis, Sept. 17th 
(Parish 1587, p. 43). It is given, but im- 
perfectly, in Ikmid, L, No. 452. 

The traditional account of the conferring of the 8tig~ 
mold, or Markt of ihe Passion, on St. Francis, oa Mount 
Alverna, Is given In his loft, hy St. Bonaventura, chapter 
■ill. (see h£s Works). The Marks of the Passion are 
said to have been imprinted by a Seraph, and on the 
occasion of one of tbe yearly visits paid by St. Francis 
to Mount Alverna, which he was wont to make at the 
beginning of Lent In honour of St. Michael. St. Bona- 
ventura's account is given In the itost- &rcv,, where it 
furnlahe* tbe lessons for the second Kocturn at Matins 
on tbe Festival of St. Francis. ryf. A. 8.] 

Translation in C. U. ;— 

Lot AlToma's holy mountain, by E. Caawall, in 
his Matque of Mary, 1858, and again in his Hys. 
and Poems, 1873, p. 196, in 7 st. of 6 1. It is 
given In several Koman Catholic hymn-books for 
Schools and Missions, including tbe Cro&n of 
Jesus; the Bymns for tie Year, and others, 

Criigdr, Joh&nn, was b. April 9, 1 59S, at 
Gross>Breese, near Guben, Brandenburg. 
After passing through the schools at Guben, 
Sorau and Breslan, the Jesuit College at 
Olmiitas, and the Poets' school at Regensburg, 
he made a tour in Austria, and, in 1615, 
settled at Berlin. There, save for a short 
residence at Ihe University of Wittenberg, 
in 1620, he employed himself as a private tutor 
till 1622. In 1622 he was appointed Cantor 
of St. Nicholas's Church at Berlin, and also 
one of the masters of the Greyfriars Gymna- 
sium. He d. at Berlin Feb. 23, 1662. Criigor 
wrote no hymns, although in some American 
hymnals ho appears aa "Johann Kriiger, 
1610," m the author of the supposed original 
of C. Wesley's " Heurts of stone relent, re- 
lent " (q.v.). He was one of the most dis- 
tinguished musicians of Mb time. Of his 
hymn tunen, which are generally noble and 
simple in style, some 20 are still in use, the 
best known probably being that to "Nun 
danket alle Got* " (q.T.), which is set to No, 
379 in H. A. & M., ed. 1875. His claim to 
notice in this work is as editor and contributor 
to several of the most important German 
hymnological works of the 16th cent., and 
these are most conveniently treated of under 
his name. (The principal authorities on his 
works are Dr. J. F, Bachmann's Zvt QttehichU 
dor Berliner Gescmgbiloher, 1857 ; his Vortrag 
on P. Gerhardr, 1863; and his edition of 
Gerhardt's OeistUohe Lieder, 1S66. Besides 
these there are the notices in Bode, and in B, 
Eisner's MonatthefU fir Mutik-GetcHicitU, 
1873 and 1880). These works are :— 

1. Newet votUt&amlicha Gaangback, AugipttT- 
oitcher Omfation, *t, Berlin, ItHO [Ubraiy of St. 
Nicholas's Cbnrch, fierlm], with 348 hymn, very few 
being published for the first time. 

1. PrtJxii pietatU metica. Las isti CTtnw dtr 
GattteMgheit tn Christliclunund trostreichtn Gaanptn. 
The history of this, the most important work of the 
cantuty, (e etui obscure. The Isted. bss been variously 
dated 1US and 1M4, while Crdger, In the preface to 
Ko. 3, says that tbe 3rd ed. appeared in 1S4S, A con- 
siderable correspondence with Oerman collectors and 
llhtwlana has failed to luting to light any of the editions 
which JToci, lr. 1OT, ins, quotes as 1SU, lfti), ISM, ISSo. 
jest, 16S1, 1SS3. The Imperfect ed. noted below as 
probably that of 1649 Is the earliest Berlin edition we 
have been able to find. Tbe Imperfect ed., probably U. 



272 



CBUGEK, JOHANN 



of 1«W, formerly In U» hands of Dr. Schneider of 
Sehleewlg [see mtail, 1868, No. J»4J was inaccessible. 
The earliest perfect Berlin ed. we have found Is 1663. 

The ed. printed M Frankfurt in 1666 by Caspar 
Kutela was probably a reprint of a Berlin ed. e. 1656. 
The edi. printed at Franfcnirt-am-Main by B. C. lVust 
(of whkh the 1688 Is in tbe preface described as tbe 3td) 
are in considerable measure independent works. 

In tne forty-five Berlin and over a dozen Frankfurt 
editions of this work many of tbe hymns of P. Garhardt, 
J. Franck. P. J. Sfcreoer, and others, appear for the 
(list time, and therein also appear many of tbe best 
melodise of tbe period. As these Berlin and Frankfurt 
editions are constantly referred to throughout this work, 
in tbe notes on German hymns, we subjoin a list of all 
the editions we have found (not noting duplicates), at 
present (leer) existing;, a* follows :— 

i. Berlin JSditiom. 



Edition. 


Date. 


Hymns. 


Edition. 


Date. 


Hymns. 


111. 


1649 


3B7 


xxviil. 


1896 


1163 


X. 


1661 


ns» 


xxia. 


170J 


786 


Hi. 


lets 


SIT 


XXX. 


1783 


1194 


III. 


1886 


8*1 


xxxlt. 


1780 


1301 


Ml!. 


1887 


710 


XXxlT. 


1711 


1203 


XT. 


1811 


781 


XXXV. 


1711 


1102 


%vi. 


WW 


781 


IIXVl. 


1714 


1233 


xvii. 


i«;i 


764 


XXXTll 


1716 


1133 


svili. 


18T6 


eta 


xixvllt. 


1719 


1300 


III. 


1678 


769 


XXJflx. 


1731 


1309 


XX, 


»67B 


1001 


XI. 


1731 


1318 


mil. 


1684 


1601 


xll. 


1739 


1318 


xsllt. 


1B8B 


1114 


xlll. 


1732 


1318 


xxiv. 


1690 


1X30 


xliii. 


1733 


1316 


XXV. 


ISM 


769 


xliv. 


1736 


1318 


xxvli. 


1693 


11S1 


ilv. 


1736! 


1316 





11. 


Frankfurt Sdilhmt. 






Date. 


Hymna, 




Date. 


Hymns 


1 


1866 


683 


1 


18)6 


1100 


a 


ieee 


606 


8 


1679 


1161 


3 


1868 


731 


9 


1680 


787 


4 


1663 


989 


10 


1683 


184 


8 


1874 


787 


11 


1603 


1346 


6 


1674 


108 


11 


1708 


1148 



Of the above the Royal Library, Berlin, possesses eds. 
xli., xvi., xlx., xxiv., XXV,, xxvii., xxix., xxxvl., 
si:, xllll., Xlv„ and Nos. 3, 4. 7, 9, II; while tbe 
Hamburg Town Llbrsiy has eds, xi., xvlli., xx., xxliU 
and if os. 1, 6, 8, 10. In addition there are In public 
libraries In Germany the following, viz., eds. xiii,, xvii., 
and Nos. 3, 6, tn tbe Ducal Library, Wolfenbtlttel ; xv. 
In Ducal Library, Qotba; lit., xxxv., xxxvil. in Ducal 
Library, AVernigerode \ ed. xllr. in ibe Royal Library, 
Munich ; and Mo. 13 in tbe Leipzig Town Library. Ed. 
xxx. Is In tbe Library of tbe Consistory, Berlin, and 
xxxfv. in_poesession of the Church at Bornlcke near 
Nanen. The British Museum has eds. xxiil., xxv., 
and Noa, 1, 3. 

In private hands I find in addition that eds. X., xivlU., 
xxxix., xli., xlli,, are with Professor J. Bachmann, n.n., 
of BosWck; xxil., xxxvill, Dr. Zahn of Altdorf ; xxxll. 
in my own possession. 

3. Gttttlkhe Kirthen-MOodlen, *c, Lelpiig, I8M 
[Library of St, Katharine's Church, Brandenburg], 
This contains the first stanus only of 161 hymns, with 
music in four vocal and two instrumental parts. It la 
the earliest source of the first statues of various hymns 
by Oerhardt, Franck, &c, 

4. D. JT. XiufAer'f tend- avderer teraeastn ffeitU 
mcHsM tMUf ^sEeftrfon- Jfibuter GcitUidte lAe&er wid 
Pidbnen, fcc., Berlin, less [Hamburg Town Library J 
with 378 hymna. This was ed, by C, Bunge, tbe pub- 
lisher, and to it CrOger contributed some 37 melodies. 
It was prepared at tbe request of Lulse Henriette (<i.t.^ 
as a book for tbe joint use of the Lutherans and tin Re- 
formed, and Is the earliest source of tbe hymns ascribed 
to her, and of tbe complete versions of many hymns by 
Oerhardt and Franck. 

6, Piatmodia Sacra, fcc., Berlin, 1688 [Royal library, 
Berlin]. Tbe first section of tola work Is in an ed. or A, 
Lobwaeser's German Flatter ; tbe second, with a 
similar title to No. 4, and tbe date 1887, is practically a 
recast of No. 4, 146 of those in 1663 being omitted, and 



CRUX BENEDICTA NITET 

tl« rest of the 319 hymns principally taken from the 
Fre&i* of 16G6 and the hymn-books of the Bohemian 
Brethren. Hew eds. appeared In 1676, 1700, 1704, I'll, 
and 1738. [J. M.j 

Cruttenden, Bobert, b. cir. 1691, d. dr. 
1764. He was, educated for tbo ministry 
among the Dissenters, and when a young man 
frequently preached for his ancle, the Rev. 
Mr. Bragg, But finding that he did not 
really believe in tbe Evangelical doctrines, he 
gave up the ministry, and betook himself to 
trade, in which tot a number of years he was 
successful. In his 52nd year, having retired 
from business, he was living near to White- 
field's Tabernacle, when, his attention being 
excited by what lie heard concerning the 
preaching there, a strong impulse seized him 
to go and hear for himself. The result was 
his conversion through the ministry of John 
Oennick. Twelve months later he joined a 
Congregational Church, of which he continued 
a member until his death, about 20 years 
subsequently. The narrative of hU/Stperi'enco, 
as read to this Church on his application for 
membership, was pub. in 1744, with a preface 
by Whitefield, and republished in 1790, with 
the addition of a letter from Mr. Cruttenden 
to Mr. Cennick. To this narrative his Psalms 
(fc Hymns, 17 in oil, were appended. Tito full 
title of the Expwltmta is too quaint to be 
omitted. It is : — 

" Sovereign Efficacious Grace displayed in the awaien- 
tng and converting a Rational, Learned, Aged sinner, 
exemplified In the JBrperumce o/ Hubert Cntttenden, 
Esq., as delivered byWmself to toe Congregational 
Churek, then meeting in Lime Street, near Leadenkall 
Market, 1748, In order to be admitted into their society. 
Published, premced and recommended by tbe late Het. 
George WhUefietd, 1744, as an extraordinary effect of tbe 
Divine Spirit. To which is prefixed a Letter from Mr, 
Cruttenden to Xr. Cennick, 1143, Also ttoerat .Psalms, 
ifymnt, d*., compered by Him. Now particularly ad- 
dressed to ail rational Christians for their perusal. Lon- 
don, printed and sold by T. Wilklne, Aldermanbury, 

XDCCXC." 

FrombisPsoiins*ff(imn8in the .Experience 
the following are still in C. V. :— 

1. And is It yet, dear Lord, a doubt J Hairing to 
low God. 

2. Did Jesus die, but not for me ? Pardon through 
•fetus. 

3. I own my guilt, my sins confess. Lent. 

4. Ivrt others boast their ancient line. Adoptton. 

6, Rise, Sun of glory, shine reveal'd. ifappiaai dc 
tired. 

6. Tls false, thou vile accuser, go. JHvint Mcrey. 

7. What adverse powers we feel within. Sin and 
Hotinetr, 

8. What iarTlng natures dwell within, tfin and 
«Winett. ThislBpartofNo.7. 

Crnttenden's hymns aro full of Christian 
experience : some, as " Let others boast their 
ancient line," have a good deal of spirit, and 
the versification is usually smooth and flow* 
ing. [W. R. S,] 

Crux benediota nltet, Somtrms qua 
oarne pependlt. Venanttu* Fortunatut. 
[Holy Cross.! This hymn, dating from the 
latter half of the 6th cent, is found in an 
11th cent us. in the Bodleian (Liturg. Mite. 
366, t. 2l\ and is given in its full form in 
Fortunatns's Opera Foetica, ed. F. Lao, 
(Berlin, 1881) from a St. Petersburg ms. of 
the 8th cent, and others. The abbreviated 
form of the hymn in 18 1. is tliat which ia 
generally known. It is given in Daniel, i.. 
No. 141, with notes and various readings; 



CRUX, HUNDI 

Neale"s Hytmi Ecdesiae, 1851 ; Trench's 
Sac £at Poetry, 1849 and 1661 ; and other 
collections. Daniel gives in vol. iv. p. 152, 
additional readings from a Bheiuau MS. of the 
11th cent, and an additional strophe (the 10th 
in the MB.) which is -not found, so far as is 
known, in any us. of Fortunatus. It reads ; — 

" tarn magna Deo magnalia tanta parastl 
Quint* mir* fadt gloria magna Deo." 
On the olosing lines of this hymn ; — 

11 Appensa oat vttis Inter turn bracbia, de qui 
Uuloii eanguineo vlna, rubor* Buunt," 

rendered by Dr. Noale as : — 
" Talnlng about thine arms it tbe Tine, from whom In 
itafitlnesa 
Floweth the Mood-red joke, Wine tbat gives lift to 
the soul." 

Archbishop Trench has the following beauti- 
ful note (ed. 18tJ4, p. 131) :— 

** The cross &a the tree to which tho vine is clinging, 
and from which Its tendrils and (hilt depend, is a beau- 
tiful weaving In of the imago of the tiue Vine with the 
factof ibeCrocliliion. The Mending of one image and 
another conies, perhaps, yet more beautifully out, 
though net without a certain Incoherence In the images, 
In tbat which sometimes appears in ancient works of 
Christian art— namely, Christ aet forth as the Lamb, 
round which the brancneaof a loaded vine are clustering 
and dinging." [W, A. 8.] 

Translations in C. O. : — 

1. That bleat Croaa ia displayed wher* the Lord 
Id the flash waa suspended, by' J. M. Neale, in his 
essay on the "Ecclesiastical Latin Poetry of the 
Middle Ages," in the Encyclopaedia Metropoli- 
tan, 1352 ; and again in his Commentary on the 
Psalms, I860, in 9 st. of 2 1. In 1875 it was 
given in the St. Margaret's Hymnal ; in 1880, in 
the Antiphoner ami (frail, and aa " Lo, the blest 
Cross is displayed," &c., in the ffymner, 1882. 

1. The bleated Croat shines now to ua where once 
the Saviour hied, by Mrs. Charles, in her work 
TtieVoice of Christian Life in Song, 1858, p. ISO, 
fn 9 St. of 2 1, This was repeated in the Lyra 
Meesianioa, 1884-, and the Peoples H, 1867. In 
theifymnory, 1872,itiain4st. of 81. Thisteit 
is altered, and the last four lines are original, 
and were added by the compilers. [ W. T. B.] 

Crux, mtindi benediotfo. St. Peter 
Bamiani. [Holy Gross."] This hymn, which 
dates from the first half of the 11th cent., is 
given in various editions of the author's 
TFor**, e.g. that at Paris, 1642, vol. iv. p. 6. 
It is also in Thoetatius, 1747; and Xxgne, 
torn. 145, col. 030. Daniel, i., No. 197, only 
quotes 4 lines from the former. Bespecting 
this hymn, Dr. NeaJe remarks: — 

•* St. Peter Danuant, in almost all bis compositions, 
teema to have had his eye on tomeearlier hymn: in tbe 
present case he clearly follows the Vexilla Regis. The 
following does not seem to have been publicly used by 
the Church," Med. ZTyi., 1991, p. 38, 

It is tr. as : — 

Cross by whom the earth ia blast, by J. M, 

Jfeale, pub. in his Mediaeval Hymns, 1651, p. 36, 
in 6 st. of 4 1. It was revised for the 2nd ed., 
1863, as, "O Cross, whereby the earth is blest." 
As in C. U. it is known in its earlier form as in 
the Appendix to the Hymnal JK, 1863, and Skin- 
ner's Daily Service Hymnai\ 1864. [J, J.] 

Cummins, James John, s. of a mer- 
chant in Oork, Ireland, was b. in Cork, May 
S, 1795. In 1834 he removed to London, and 
was tax many years & Director of the Union 



CUHTIS, JOHN 



273 



Bank of Australia. He d. at Wildecroft, 
Buckland, Surrey, Nov. 23, 1867. Hs de- 
voted much time to the study of Hebrew and 
Theology. He prepared for the use of his 
children in their preparation for Confirmation, 
Seals of (he Covenant Opened in (As SaeramenU. 
This work, including several hy mils ond poems, 
was pub. in 1839. Tbe hymns and other 
poetical pieces were also pub. in 1839 as 
Poetical Meditation* and Hymns oy tie Author 
of The Scale nf the Covenant Opened. In 1849 
this work waa republished with additions as 
Hymns, Meditations, andother Poems. The title 
on the cover of this work is Lyra Evangelica, 
and by this title it is usually known. Tho 
hymns, "Jesus, Lord of lifo and glory," 1839, 
{A Litany'); "Shall hymns of gratoftil love," 
1839, (The New Gong), and others arc from 
ibis work. [J. J.] 

Cundell, Anne Ross. [Cousin, A. It.] 

Cunningham, 'John William, h.a.. 
was b. in London, Jan. 3, 1780, and educated 
at St. John's College, Cambridge, where ho 
graduated in honours, and subsequently be- 
came a Fellow of his College. In 1802 ho 
was ordained to tho Curacy of Ripley, in 
Surrey. The following year he removed to 
Ockham, and later to Clapham, where he was 
curate to the Rev. JohnVenn, who was tho 
original of Berkeley in The "Velvet Cushion. In 
1811 he was presented by his family to tho 
Vicarage of Harrow, which be hold for fifty 
years. Ho A. Sept. 30, 1861. He published, 
in addition to pamphlets on various subjects : — 

(1) World without Souls, isosj (3) The Veliel 
Cuthion, 4th ed. 181* ; (3) De Rand, a Poin, 181B ; (1) 
Morning Thoughts on the Gospel of St. Matthew, 182* ; 
(J) Morning Thought* on the GotpetofSt. Mark, 1BS7. 
The two series of Morning Thoughts contained kyrona 
which were given without any signature. As there is 
an acknowledgment that with tbe verse. In tbe first case 
he was assisted by "a friend," and in the second "by 
friends," It is impossible to distinguish bis work from 
that of hts "friends." 

With his name and publications tho follow- 
ing hymns ore associated : — 

1. Aefhe tweet flower Uataoentatiie mora. Death 
an Infant. This poem appeared In The Vttnet 

■shion (*th ed. 1814, p. 1SJ), lu E st. of 4 1. In law 
it was given la a revised form ae a hymn in 3 st. of 
4 1. In the American Eplsc. Ps. £ But., No. 121. In 
the Unitarian But. for the Ch. of Christ (Hedge k 
Huntington), 1853, So. TBI, It Is Increased to 4 st. It 
baa been attributed to Allan Cunningham, but in error. 

ff. Bear ia the halkrwad mom to me. Svn&au Morn* 
ing. This waa given in Ollphant & Sons' Sacred 
Poetry, 4th ed., 1832, in 8 st, of 41., and signed "Cun- 
Ingham." In 18S3 Bicketsteth gave st. 1,-ili., vi.,aa 
No. 630 in his Chritt, Psalmody, beginning, " Dear la 
to me the Sabbath mom," This baa been repeated la 
English and American collections. 

S, From Calvary a ery waa heard. Good Friday. 
Pub. in bis Morning Thought! on St. Matthew, 1824, 
p. IDS, in 6 at. of 4 1. It Is in somewhat extensive use 
fn America, and sometimes In * Htonzva as in Dr. 
Hatneid's Church B. Bk., 1812, No. 490. 

*. How cheering the thouchttfcat the spiriUmbliat- 
Ministering Angel*. Pub. in bis Morning Thoughtt on 
St. Miulhew, 1824, p. IS, In 1 it. of * 1. In Batemin's 
Sacred Melodies, the Scottish Pretb. Hymnal for the 
young, 1392, &c., and several American collection!, it la 
given as " How [dear lej delightful the thought that (he 
angels In bliss." 

5, Tbe God of Israel never sleept. Watchfulness. 
Pub. In hie Morning Thoughts on St. Mark* 1827, p. 
14)3, In 3 st. of a 1. As No. MS in Kennedy it Is in an 
altered form. ryf, T. B.] 

Curtis, John, b. 1784, d. 1857, was a 
native of Bristol, in which city, engaged is 



%t 



274 



CUBWEN, JOHN 



business pursuits, ho spout his life. He was 
connected for many years with the choir at 
Broadmead Baptist ChapeL His hymn-book, 

*Tke rttfoft Collection of Hymns £ £bcr«d (fekf, ad- 
ditional Co tie Pmfnu and Jramns 0/ /Jr. WotM, 
adapted to the u*e <!/* the Churck and tlie- Social Circle, 
the Favxily and the Closet. London, B. J. Holdt- 

wurtt, tsar," 

was for some tiino in use nt Broadmead. It 
-was designed for Independents and Bautiflts, 
nil hymns on Holy Baptism being omitted; 
but it failed in securing the goodwill of 
either. [W. B. SO 

Curwein, John, a. of the Eev. 8. Ccrwon, 
of an old Cumberland family, b.ot Hockmond- 
wike, Yorkshire, Nov. 14, 1816, and educated 
at Coward College, and University College, 
London. In 1838 lie becamo assistant mi- 
nuter in the Independent Church, Basing- 
stoke ; co-pastor at Stowmarket in 1841, arid 
pastor nt Plaistow, Essex, in 1844. There ho 
developed and promoted the Tonic Sol-fa 
method of teaching to sing, using it in his own 
schools and church, and lecturing upon it in 
various parts of the country. Resigning his 
ministry tlirough ill health, in 1867, he esta- 
blished a printing and publishing business in 
order the better to create a Tonie Sol-fa lite- 
rature. In 1853 lie assisted in founding the 
Tonic Sol-fa Association, for the promotion of 
that method of singing, and in 16132 the Tonic 
Sol-fa College He d. May 25, 1880. Be- 
sides a number of works explanatory of 
the Tonic Sol-fa system, Mr. Curwen was 
the compiler of Sacred Songs, 1840, and Hys. 
<E Chants, 1844. In 184G these were combined 
as The Child'* (hon Hymn Book. This was 
enlarged in 1865, and recast as The New Cliild't 
Own Hymn Booh in 1874, As a Sunday-school 
hymn-book this collection has been exceed- 
ingly and deservedly popular. For it Mr, 
Curwcn composed two hymns: — 

1. I'm a lima Pilgrim. Pressing Heavenwards. 
This was -written in place or anuthcr with the same 
first line, whose author had Tefuecd poruiiBelqu ftir its 
use in tit. Ciinveii'H book, TLc tunc and chorus usually 
sung wkh It ore American. 

£. what has Jaaiu dons for me? Passiontide. 
This wag also written In place of anoiher having the 
game line. 

These arc the only hymns known to be his. 
Tlte Sabbath Hymn Boole, Loud. 1359, was 
also edited by Mr. Curwcn. [W. II. S-] 

CusMng, William Oreutt, b. at Hing- 
liarn, Massachusetts, Dec. 31, 1823, is tlte 
author of the following hymns which appear 
in L D. Sonkey's Sacred Song* and Solo* : — 

1, Beautiful volley of Eden, Hen-ten. 
a. Down In the valley with my Saviour I would go. 
Trusting to Jetus. 

3. Fair is the morning land. Heaven. 

4. I am resting so sweetly in Jesus now. Rest And 
Peace in Jesus. 

s. I nave heard of a land far away. Heaven. 

6, sate to the Book that la higher than I, The Hock 
of Ages. 

7. lling the bells of heaven, Ihero Is joy to-day. 
Heavenly Joy over repenting Sinners. 

3, We are watching, we ore waiting. Second Advent 
anticipated. 

Mr. Cushing has also several additional 
hymns in souio American Sunday School 
collections, find collections of Saarcd Songs. 

[J. J.] 



CUTTING, SEWELL S. 

Custodea homiiram psallittma An- 
geloa. [Guardian Angels.] This hymn is 
ascribed to Card. Bellarmine. According to 
Oananht) it was added to the Raman Brev, in 
1608, by command of Paul V. It was not 
formally incorporated in the -Bret*, until after 
1632, and, in common with "Aelerno Rector 
siderwm " (q.v.), is in the Venice ed., 163o, in 
an Appendix with independent ■ pagination 
and a separate title-page. It is for Vespers in 
the Office for "the Holy Guardian Angels, 
Double of the second class," Oct. 2. It is also 
one of the few hymns from the Bom. Brev, 
given in modem French Breviaries. In tlte 
latter, however, it has a different doxolog^y, 
and the text varies. Tho Bom. Brev. text is in 
Daniel, ii. p. 375 ; and the Pari) Bree. in Card. 
Newman's Hymni Eceluiae, 1838 and 1865, 
Tr. as :— 

And are them then oeleitiel habitants 1 by L 
Williams, in his Hys. tr.from the Paris Brce., 
1839, p. 254. This was repeated in the Child") 
Christian Year, IbHl, and later editions, we.ere 
it is appointed for " St. Michael and All Angels." 
It is also tr. as: — "Praise we those ministers 
celestial." E, Casaalt. 1849. [J. M.] 

Cutter, William, b. at North Yarmouth, 
Maine, May 15, 1801, and was removed in 
childhood to Portland, and educated at 
Bowdoin College, graduating in 1821. Ho was 
subsequently engaged for somo time in busi- 
ness in Portland, and again in Brooklyn, New 
York. Died Feb. 8, 1867. Mr. Cutter, who 
was a member of the Congregational body, 
was a deserving writer, who has hitherto 
missed his due meed of acknowledgment. To 
his friend Mr. Colesworthy we are indebted 
for the details of his life and hymnological 
work. His hymns include : — 

1. Thy ntJgaboui 1 it ii he wham thou. Christian 
Brotherhood. This appeared In the Christian 
Mirror foe May 30, 1828 (Mr, Coleswoithy 
thinks that he set the types for it), and again in 
Chccver's American Poetry, 1831. Au altered 
form of the hymn, " Who is thy neighbour ? he 
whom thott," soon came into use, and was often 
printed before it was included anonymously in 
W. B. O. Peabody's Unitarian Springfield Coll., 
1B35. From being found in that collection it 
has been attributed to I'eabody in error. 

1. Hide not thy talent in th» earth. Duty. 
Appeared in tho Christian Mirror, Oct. 10, If 38. 
In some collections it begins with st. ii., " What 
if the little rain ahonld say." 

9, She loved her Saviour, and to Him. Thank- 
fulness and Duty. Was 1st pub. in the Christian 
Mirror, but the date is uncertain. It was re- 
printed by Cheever in his American Poetry, 
1831, In addition to the above, Cutter wrote 
several hymns which appeared in tho Mirror, 
and in the Sunday School Instructor, of which 
ho and Mr. Colesworthy were joint editors. 
His hymns are unknown to the English collec- 
tions. [F. M. B.] 

Cutting, Sewell Sylvester, d.d., a 
Baptist Minister, was b. at Windsor, Ver- 
mont, Jan. 19, 1813, graduated at tho "Uni- 
versity of Vermont, 1885, and was ordained at 
Boylston, Massnchnectta, 1836. He was pastor 
nt Sonthbridge, Mass., from 1837 to 1815. 
Editor of the A'ew York Recorder. 1845-50, 



CZERWENKA, M. 

and I853-SS ; and of the Christian Reoiew, 
1830-53, and 1855-68. In 1868 he was ap- 
pointed Professor of Rhetoric and History at 
tho University, Rochester, N. York, and 
Secretary of the American Baptist Edu- 
cational Commission. He d. at Brooklyn, 
Feb. 7, 1882. His Historical Vindication of 
the Baptist* was pub. in 1858, His hymns in 
C. V. include :— 

1. Father, we bless the gentle bub. The love 
of God. Appeared in Hys. for the Vestry and 
Fireside, Boston, 1841. 

3. OiMdsus Saviour, we adore The*. H. 
Baptism. Appeared in Winchell's Additional 
Hyt\, 1832, So. 509 (the author being then hut 
19) ; again in the Psalmist, 1843, and others, 

3. Great God, Thy glories blue, Praise to 
God the Father. Appeared in Linsley and 
Davis's Select Hys^ 1836-41, Mo, 514. In the 
Psalmist, 1843, it was altered to "God of the 
world, Thy glories shins." This is repeated in 
several collections, including the Bap. Praise 
Bh., 1871, in 4 st. of i 1. In the Bap. Service 
of Song, 1371, it is given as "God of the world, 
near and afar," is expanded into 5 St., and is 
dated 1835. 

4, Bavietu, I *u blind, Lead Thau my way. 
The Tnte Guide. This hymn, in I. D. Sankey's 
Sacred S. and Solos, is also by Dr. Cutting. 

[F. M. B.] 
Caerwenka, IE. [Oorveuks, v.] 



D., in Bristol Bap. Coll., by Ash & Evans. 
Ut ed., 17U9, i.e. V. Doddridge. 

D. A. T., i.e. Dorothy A. Thnipp. 

D. H. W., i,o. Mrs. Van Alstyne. 

D. L,, in the People's H., i.e. Dr. Littledale. 

D. P., i.e. Desiderius Pastor, a nom <fe 
plutna of tho Bov, Gerard Moultrie, in the 
People'* H. 

Dr B., in Ash <fe ten, 1st ed„ 1769, i.o. 
Dr. John Byrom. 

Dr. So*tt, in Ash A Evans, 1st ed., 1769, 
i.e. Thomas Scott. 

D. T., in A»h £ Evans, 1st ed., 1769, i.e. 
Daniel Turner. 

Dw., in Sttpp, to Ash d> Evans, 1600, 4c, 
i.e. T. Dwight. 

Da Jesus, an des Kreuaee Stamm. 
[Z7« Seven Words.'] 1st appeared in tho 
Hannover G. B„ 1646, No. 45, in 10 at. of 5 1., 
repeated in Criiger's Praxis pietatis meliea, 
1656, and many later collections. It was 
evidently written to supersede the older hymn 
noted unclear BSschenstein. Frequently, as by 
Itunsen in his Versuch, 1833, No, 168, and the 
Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1863, No. 220, it is 
ascribed to J. Zwiot. But the version of the 
Seven Words on the Cross ^iven by Wacker- 
nagel, ilL p. 612, as by Zwick, and 1st pub. 
1545, is in 7 st of 8 1„ beginning, " Im Ersten 
wort der hoptgrand stat," and is entirely 
different. Tr. as ;— 

1, Seven times our bleiaed Saviour spoke, A good 
and fall tr. by Miss Cox in her Sacred if, /ram 



DA PACEM 



275 



the Gennan, 1841, p. 31 (B 7 . from the Ger., 1864, 
p. 57, slightly altered). In 1848, st, i.-viii. were 
included, unaltered, as No. 135 in the Dalston 
Hospital H. Bit. la full, but slightly altered, as 
No. 401 in the 1857 ed. of Mercer's C. P. and H. 
Bh. Omittiug st. ix., it was included in Rorison's 
H. and Antheins, 1851, No. 70 ; and again in 
Darling's H. for the Ch. of England, 1874, altered 
as, "Seven words our blest Redeemer spoke." 

3. When en the oroie tha Saviour buna;, A full 
and g«>d tr. by Miss Winkworth in her C. B, 
for England, 1863, No. 53, repeated as No. 74 
in the Ohio Luth. Hymnal, 1B80. 

3, 1^ aoul, thy great Redeemer see. A ti% of 
st, I., ix,, i., by Miss Iiorthwick, as No. 70 in 
Dr. Psgeostccher's Coll., 1864. 

Whet trs, are : — 

(1) " When Christ hung on tho cursed tree," by J. C. 
JaedM, 1722, p. 17 (1732, p. 32), repeated, altered, as No. 
IS! in pt. t. of the Hbranian H. Ilk., 1751. (a) "Seven 
words [rout Jeeua" lips did fall," in Dr. J, GutUric'i 
Sucrcd Lyriet, 1869, p. IB. [J. M.] 

Da paoem, Domine. [For pcaee.] An 
antiphon of the 6th or 7th cent., founded on 
ii. Kings xx, 19; ii. Chron. is. 12, 15; and 
Pg-exxii. 6. By n Bull of Pope Nicholas III., 
1270, it was ordered to be sung at every 
mass before tho Agnus Dei. In tho Paris 
Breviary of 1643 it is given along with a 
Collect for Peace, which occurs in the Saera- 
mentary of Gelasius, A.n. 494, as a Com/memo- 
ratio de Pace per Annum. Ad Laudes et 
Vesperas, thus : — 

11 Da pacem, DomSne, in dlebns nontris, quia uon est 
alios qui pugnet pro Eiobie, niel tu Deus noeter. V", 
Fiat pax In vlrtute tua. B, Et abundantla in tunribus 
tuls. Oratio. Deus, a quo sancts deeioeria, recta con- 
eilia, et JuBta sunt opera j da servia tula Ulatn, quam 
mundus dare non potest, pacem ; ut et corda nostra 
mandatls tuts dedita, et hostuim sublata formidine, tem- 
pora alnt tua protectlone tranquillo. Per Domluum," 
&c. (Part Ji&maiit, ml, p. lea.) 

The skbio text is given in tho Banm Biev. 
(Cambridge Press Reprint, 1882, of tho Paris 
cd., 1531, col. 11), and in tho York Brev. of 
1493 (Sartees Society's Reprint, 1680, i. col. 
942). A tr. in full is given in the Evening 
Service of the Church of England, In Ttte 
Prymer in English, reprinted from a us. cir. 
1410, in Maefcell's JKonumente Jtitualia Ee- 
eleeiae AngUcanae, 1846, ii, p. 35, they read : — 

11 Ant. Da pacem. Loril Tyue pees in our dalu, for 
tber is noon utblr that ebalfyjts for ue, but thou lord 
oure god. Vers. Lord, peea be maad In tbi verta. 



Kctp. And jplenteouauesae In till toures. Pre! we. For 
the pees. Deua a quo t God, of whom ben hooll dealris, 
rtjt councels and lust werkla: Jyue to tbl seruauntls 



pees that the world may not feue, that in oure hertla 
jouun to thi commaundementb, and the dredo of 
cnemyea putt awe), our tymea be pesible tburF thi 
deienuyng : Bl our lord ieau criat, thi sone, that with 
thee lyuetb and regneth la the unite of the booli goost 
god, M alls worldls of warldts. So be it. 

The other trs. are from two Gorman ver- 
sions, tho earlier being: — 

1. Verledh on* Ftieden gnKdlglieh, given to it 
by Martin Luther, first in prose in 1527 (XocA, 
viii. 15U), and then in metrical form in King's 
Q. B., 1529. Waciernagel, iii. p. 21, quotes it 
from the Geistliehe IMer, Wittenberg, 1531 ; 
and also gives a form in 4 at. of 5 1., pub. at 
Augsburg in 1532, at, ii,— iv, being founded on 
the prose collect, In many districts of Ger- 
many, Luther's status was sung immediately 
after sermon, either separately or with the 
hymn, "Erbalt pas Herr bei deiuem \Von," 



270 



DA TUEB PLECTRUM 



(q.v.). In Schircks's ed. of Luther's Geistlkhc 
Lieder, 1 854, p. 43, n second it. in 5 1., founded 
on 1 Tim. ii. 1, 2, and on the latter part of the 
prose collect, beginning, " Gieb nnwrm Fiiraten 
and oiler Obriglceit," is added ; 1st pub. in Pas 
Christlich Kinderlicd Dr Martini LutAeri Erkalt 
KJU Herr, &c, Wittenberg, 1566, ed. by Johann 
Wallher, and thence in iHtiett, No. 550, and 
added to Luther's stania, as No. 981, in the Berlin 
G. L. S„ ed. 1863. 

The trt. from Luther are : 0) " Lord, In Thy mercy 
»nd Tby gr»ce," by JfiM **s, 18«,p. 1J1 ; (»)"Lordi 
in mercy grant us peace," by f. Anaerten, 1848, p. 68 
f]*4T, p. 19); (3) "We Thee beseech, with one ac- 
cord," by Dr. J. Hunt, 18*3, p. 93 ; (4) " In these our 
days eo perilous," by It. Jfimte, 1854, p. 09, Included 
In i*r. Macon, 188*, p. 51 ; (S) " Jehovah, grant ub 
peace through ill," by Dr. G. walker, 1B80, p. 39 ; (S) 
" Veace In out time, Lord God, bestow/' by Dt. G. 
Uscdonald In tbe Sunday Mayorine, 1867, p. 683, and 
thence In his Exotics, 1876, p. »7, altered to " Peace to 
us In Thy mercy grant." 

t. Gieb Fried ni mat Ztit, Hen. A very 
free Torsion in 3 at. of 10 1., by Wolfgang Capito. 
Wachernagcl, iii. p. 731, quotes it from the Form 
and Ordnung Gaystlicher Gesang und Psalmcit, 
Augsburg, 1533 (where the order of stanzas is 
ii., >., iii.), and the Strassburg G. B., 1533. 
MUtzell, No. 153, quotes the text from the Groa 
Xirchen G. B., Strassburg, 1560, where it is 
entitled " A hymn of supplication for peace and 
whole-hearted returning to God, with confession 
that we have justly merited our unrest by our 
sin and declension from Qod," It appeared in 
many of the German hymn-books up to the 
middle of the 18th cent,, but since then has 
fallen out of use. The only tr. in C. U, is : — 

Gnu peas* in these our dayes, lord, A full 
and close tr. in the 15G(M>1 Psatmes of David. In 
Dsye's Psalter, 1565, and many later eds. of the 
Old Version, it is signed S, 0, These initials 
almost certainly denote Edmund Grindal, after- 
wards Abp. of Canterbury (1575-1583), who 
lived at Strassburg during the Marian Exile, and 
is known to have acquired a sufficient knowledge 
of Gennan to have enabled him to take office in 
the German Church. It is included in a few 
hymnals of this cent., e.g. in J. Bickorsteth's 
Pi. and Hys., ed. 1832, No. 504, rewritten to 
4 st. of L.H., and repeated in this form in R 
Bickeisteth's Christian Psalmody, 1833, Snepp's 
Songs of G. and G., 1872, &c [J. M.] 

Da puer plectrum, choreis ut canam. 
fldelibus. A. C. Prwlentlvt. XMirathe of 
ChriU.'] This poem, -written at the beginning 
cf the 5th cent., ia given in all editions of 
Prndentius's Work) (Cathaatrinon,. No. 9), 
including that pub. in Bomo, 1789, London, 
Valpy, 1821, vol. L p. 123. It ia also in a ms, 
of tlie 5th cent in the) Bibliotheque Na- 
tionals, Paris (8081 f. 291).). From ihis poem 
ttie hymn, Corde natna ex. Parentis, ante mundi 
exordium (the trt. of which are annotated 
below), is taken. It usually consists of lines 
10-13, 19-27, and 109-111, with slight altera- 
tions. In the York Brev. it is given at Com- 
pline for the Vigil of Christmas, and from 
thence to the Octave of the Epiphanv, In 
the Hertford Brett, it is given for Prime. 
Daniel, i., No. 1 00, gives the text, together 
with an extended note relating to various 
readings, &c. The "Cordo nahia" text is 
also in a us. of the 11th cent, in the British 
Museum (Harl. 2961 f. 228); nud in a lis, of 



DACH, SIMON 

the 11th cent at St. Gall. (No. 113); Simrock, 
p. S8 ; Bilstler, No. 13 ; Klinigsfeld, i. p. 10 
(with German tr.); Cord. Newman's Hymni 
Eccletiae, 1838 and 1865; and others. The 
hymn in the Mbtarablc Brev. " Psallat ollitudo 
ooeli" (Toledo, 1502 f. 131) is nlao from this 
poem. In the Hereford Brev. there are also 
three other centos from this poem, viz. : (1) 
" Corporis formam " for Terce ; (2) " Eoce 
qnem vates " for Bust ; and (3) " Juste Judex " 
for None. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. ot Corde natus^~ 

I. Or the Father sole begotten. By J. M.Neale, 
in the enlarged ed. of the Hymnal N., 1854, 
(1st ed. 1852), in 6 st. of 6 1. with the refrain, 
"Evermore, and evermore," This refrain and 
the doxology are not in the original. This tr. 
is repeated in later eds. of the Hymnal N., the 
People's H., 1867, the Hymnary, 1872, &c. It 
is to be noted that some of the lines in this tr. 
are from Beresford Hope's tr. of the same text 
in his Hijs. of the Church, 1811, In the Pariah 
H. Bh. it is given as "Of the Father's self be- 
gotten." In Landes Domini, N.Y., 1881, begins 
with st.ii., " He is here, whom Seers iu old time." 

Z, Bom of God the father 1 * besom. ThiB tr. 
appeared in the Salisbury H. Bh., 1857, and 
again in J. Keble's Miacetlancow Poems, 1869, 
It is an alteration of Dr. Neale's tr. mode hj 
Keble for the Salisbury H. BL 

S. Of the Father's love begotten. This tr. was 
given in the trial ed. of H, A. $■ M., 185?, as 
"Of the Father's m'B begotten," bat in the 1st 
ed. of 1861 it was given in its well-known form 
in 9 st. of 6 1. with the refrain, tbe additional 
stanzas being supplied by the HetvfordBrev. text. 
The H. A. 4- M. tr. by Dr. Neale and Sir H. W. 
Baker ia thus composed.: — i. Heaie altered; 
it., iii., Baker ; iv.-vi., Neale altered ; vii., Baker; 
viii., Neale altered ; ix., Baker. This arrange- 
ment was repeated in the revised //. A. $ M., 
1875, and is the most popular tr. of the hymn 
in C. U. Usually, however, compilers introduce 
changes and abbreviations en their own account, 
and not always to the advantage of the hymn. 
These changes are easily found by collating any 
given text with H. A. $ M. 

Translations not in C. TJ. :— 

1. Son Eternal of the Father. Boat. 1944. 

2. Yea ! from tbe Almighty mind He sprung. (litre* 
ford isrev. text.) //yw», Jngticanum. 1844. 

J. Offtpring of The Eternal Fsther. J, D. Chambers. 
1851. 

4. Or the Father's heart begotten. W. J. Blew. 
1B52-55. [J. J.] 

- Daoh, Simon, s. of Simon Dach, inter- 
preter to the (Jourt of Justice at Memo!, 
Prussia, was b. at Memel, July 29, 1605. He 
attended the Cathedral school at Konigsberg, 
the Town school at Wittenberg, and the Gym- 
nasium at Magdeburg. In 1620 he returned 
to Konigsberg, where, after studying philo- 
sophy and theology at the University, he for 
some time acted as a private tutor. Iii 1633 he 
was appointed assistant in the Cathedral 
school, and in 1636 Conrector. He then, in 
1639, became Professor of Poetry in the 
University, was flvo times Dean of the Philo- 
sophical Faculty, and in 1666-57 Rector of 
the University. He tl. at Konigsberg, April 
15, 1059 {Koch, iii. 182-191 ; AVg. DeulicM 
Bioo., iv, 085^688, &c). 



DACII, SIMON 

IWa was much of an invalid, and nearly brobe down 
under the hard lahonr And poor pay of his early tutorial 
work it Konlgsberg, but found * true friend and gene- 
rous patron In R. Roberthln (q.v.). In bis later years 
the cfTecta of the Thirty Years' war made themselves 
visible in Konigsberg by depression of trade, famine, 
ftc. In 1618 he lost Robertbiu by death, and in 1649 
many of hie fellow professors fell victims to the pesti- 
lence, while during tne last year of hie life he suffered 
from a lingering consumption. These facts explain 
the sombreness of much of his verse. In 1639 he Joined 
in forming the Poetical Union of Konlgsberg [fee 
Albert!], and was Its poetic soul. He was the most 
important poet ofthe Konlgsberg School, and one of the 



first lyric poets of his time— bappy f n expression, pure 
in style, and true hearted, lint of the mass of bis 
poems (some 1366 In all, many of which were "occa- 



sional" pieces for the Electoral House of Brandenburg, 
and for private friends) vsry few retain popularity ; the 
best known being bit Aennchen von Tharaw. 

Bach's hymns, some 1S6 In all, appeared in broad- 
sheet form. En H. Alberti's Arien, 1636-1650, and In the 
Konlgsberg Hymn-books. 1639-1*90. They deservedly 
place him amongst the best hymn writers of hla time, 
and win him the distinction of being one of the most 
lovable, moat profound and moat elegant of the more 
contemplative nymn writers. Their personal and sub- 
jective character, and the fact that so many are hymns 
of preparation for death, have prevented »U bat a few 
from finding a place In modern hymnals. 

Five of Dach's hymns have passed into 
English, nil of which are included in the com- 
plete edition of his Werke by Hermann Oes- 
terlev, pub. at Tubingen, 1876. They are i — 

L Xeb. (tan la Angst nnd Pain. [Second Ad- 
vent.] The Kltaigsberg University Library pos- 
sesses a broadsheet, printed stElbing, 1642, as a 
CAristlichei Trauer-Lied to Christoph Behm, on 
the death, on Nov 22, 1033, of his son Christoph, 
a student of theology, ft waa included in pt. iv., 
Konigsberg, 1(541, of H. Alberti's Arien, No. 5, 
iu 10 St. of 6 1., entitled "Supremi Judieis 
urnam non metuit fisus .sanguine, Uhristc, tue." 
Repeated in Oojter%, p. 01, as No. 1431 iu the 
Leipzig Vorrath, 1673, and, omitting st. viii., in 
the Witenberf) G. I!., 1742-1866, No. 893. The 
only tr, in C. U. is : — 

A dread hath some Ml me, a good tr., omitting 
St. viii., as No. 28 in Miss Winkworth's C. B. 
for England, 1863. 

iL Xabt Christ tell Lam die Saehnung maehea. 
[Crosa and Consolation.'] 1st pub. in pt. ii., 
Konigaberg, 16+0, of H. Alberti's Arum, No. ], 
in 7 st, of 6 1., entitled " Non caret adyersis, 
qui piua esse relit." Included in Oettertey, p. 1 08, 
and as No. 631 in the Unv. L. 8., 1851. The 
form tr. into English is of st. ii., iii., vii., be- 
ginning, " Wer dort mit Christo hoflt zu cTben," 
which is No. 812 in Bunsen'a Versuch, 1833, 
The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

Wealdat thou inherit life -with Ohilat an Ugh! 
A good tr. from Bunscn, by Miss Winkwoilh, 
in her Lyra Ger., 1st Ser., 1855, p. 129, and 
thence unaltered as No, 170 in the New Zealand 
Hyl., 187-2. In Sacred Lgnot from the German, 
Philadelphia, 1859, p. 61, it begins "Couldst 
thou inherit." 

ill, O vie aetiff asid ihr doon, Hit Frommao, 
[Eternal Life.] The original broadsheet, printed 
at Danzig, 1035, with music by J. Stobnus, ns 
the JfusUatiiches E'irengedSc/ttniee of Hiob 
Lepner, Burgomaster of the KUnigsberg Altstndt, 
who d. May 9, 1635, is in the Kiinigsberg Uni- 
versity Library. Included in B. Dersehau's G. 
B., Kanigeberg, 1639, p. 73, in 6 st. of 4 1., 
repeated in Ocsterley, p. 95 ; the Leipzig VorratA, 
1673, No. 1460; iu Burg's G. £., Breslau, 
1746, No, 1086; and many others. It is a 
fins hymn, founded on Rev. xiv., 13-14. Laux- 



DACHSTEIN, WOLFGANG 277 

mann, in Koch, viii. 673, relates that J. A. 
Hochstetter, Prelate of Bebenhausen, near Tii- 
bingen (d. 1720), in July, 1719, summoned his 
household to accompany him in visiting the 
family burial-place in the Church, and there 
pointed out his resting-place, spoke to them of 
eternal life, and ended by requesting them to 
sing this hymn, and also "Christus der 1st meiu 
Lohen"(q.v.). The only tr, in C. U. is: — 

O how bleat are ye beyond our telling , a good and 
full tr., as No. 197 in Miss Winkworth's C. 11. 
for England, 1863. 

Other tea. are, (l) " 0, how West we ye whose toils 
are ended," by H. W. Longfellow (1846 or earlier). 
P. Worti, Routledgc, 19 J9, p. US. (2) "On! how 
blessed are ye, saints forgiven," by Miss Borthwlck In 
II. L. L., 1864, p. 32 (1BH4, p. as). Tlds is from the 
double form In the Berlin G. B., 1711, No. £55, 
which has six stanzas to be Bung alternately with 
Dach's stsnsaa by the choir as the answer of the 
Blessed Ones; with two concluding st. to be sung by 
choir and congregation together. These eight addi- 
tional st. are by Jacob Baumgatten (b. 1668, d. 1722), 
and begin: " Ja, hochst sellg slnd wlr, licben Druder; 
(3) " O how blessed, faithful souls are ye," by Jtiu 
WiiikaoTlh, 1S5&, p. 162 ; (4) " How uless'd the ealnts ; 
who, dying be™,'' by Dr. U. WaOcer, i860, p. im. It 
may be noted that the hymn beginning, " O how blest 
the throng who now adoring," by A. T. Butsell, in 4 St. 
as No. 868 In his Pi. AUyi., 1851, while not a tr., is 
yet based on tills hymn by Dach. 

In addition the following hymns by Dach 
have been tr. into English : — 

lv. Nimm dich, o meins Seel 1 in Aeht [Treatnret 
in Heaven,] 1st pub. as No, 6 in pt. vii. konlgsberg, 
le49, of II. Alberti's Arien, In 10 st. of 4 I., entitled, 
" As the nolile llottger von Tieffenbrock, a native of 
Livonia, departed this world at Konlgaberg In Prussia 
the 31st Slay, 1646," with the motto— 
" Dae ewlge Gut 
Macbt rechten Muth." 
Included by Oattrleg, p. 26S, and as No. If S3 in Knapp's 
Se. L.S., 1611(1865 Ho, losa). Tbetrj.are,m "My 
soul, let this your thoughts employ," by Mitt Coa, 1S41, 
p. 133 ; (S) •' Think, O my soul, that wliilst thou art," 
by Ijuly B. Fiirteicae, 1643 (181), p.M)i (3) " Beware, 
O man, lest endless life," by Dr. K. Millt, 184S. 

v. SchSner Bunmelssaal. [flsawB.] A beautiful 
hymn of homesickness for the heavenly country. 
Qettertey, p. 222, gives It as "On tlie death of Ursula 
Vogt, wife of Pastor Jacub Bollins, Oct. SO, 1855. Itn 
compssttlon was requested on June 3, 164S." Tlie 
ordinal broadsheet, with music hy H. Alhertl, as her 
Chrittltehet Sttrbelied, is In tne Konlgsberg University 
Library. It did not appear In the Konigsberg <i, 2., 
Ubl, but In the ed. of IMS [Keriin] it is No. 496 (ed. 
1MB, No. 600), iu 9 st. of 6 1. In thetfnu, L.S.. 1BS1, 
No. 831. It is tr. as "O ye Halls of Heaven," by Mia 
Wudemrtb, 18OT, p. IBS, [J. JI.j 

SoolkBteiii, 'Wolfgang, wae, prior to the 
Reformation, a monk at Straesburg, and 
organist of the Cathedral. Inl524heesppustd 
the cause of the Reformation, and in 1525 
was appointed organist and assistant preacher 
at St. Thomas's Church, which offices ho held 
till at least 1530 (Koch, ii. 103-11)4), 

Along with bis friend M. Greitter (q.v.) he edited the 
first Strassburg llvmn-booh, the Kirtken ttrnpt, pub. 
in 1535. Two of his Psalm versions fiavelKen tr. into 
l&ugLLsh, but he is best known as author of tlie melody 
wiiich is set to the first of these. 

i. An Waaaarfliiaaen Babylon, [r*. arxeiC] 1st 
pub, 1525, pt. ill, as above, and thence iu Wacfcerwafftlt 
HI. p. 9«, in 6 st. < f 10 I. The tri., almost identical, 
are:(l) "At the ry vers of BabUon," by Bp. Coverdulc, 
1139 f Kemainr, 1849, p. 6711. -(2) "At the Kivera «f 
Babylon," in the Sude and Godly Baltatei (ed. 1508, 
folio 56, ed. 186S, p. 9SJ. 

ii. O Hnr, wer wiirt esin Wohnung ban. [J>(. 
xv,] 1st pub. 1525 as above, and thence in Wacker- 
nagel, tit. p. »B, In n et. of 1 1, Tr. as " Lord, q,uh» 
sail in hevin dwell with the," In the Gude and Godly 
BalXatet (ed. 160S, ftllo 46, ed. isos, p. Ts). [J. M.] 



278 



DAILY, DAILY SING 



Dally, dally sing the praises. 8. 
liaring-Gould. [Processional.'] This popular 
processional was written in 1865, and printed 
on a. card for St. John's Mission, Horbury 
Bridge, Yorkshire It was again printed in 
the Chweh Time*, 1865, and subsequently in- 
cluded in the Ptoplc't S., 1867, and other 
collections. Its use has also extended to some 
of the American hymn-books. In connection 
with the Uganda mission a short time before 
the murder of BiBhop Hannington,the follow- 
ing touching circumstance is recorded in the 
HoeJt, Sept. 18, 1885, as baling taken place in 
January, 1885. Two native lads who had 
been kidnapped, hut subsequently released, 
reported — 

•• That they had been taken with Kakumba and Ashe's 
boy, as also Serwango, a till, fine fellow, & baptised lew! 
whom Majasi [the leader of tbe hostile party] had 
caught, and Data's wife Sarah and her ctrild, to a place 
outside the capital. That Serwaug*, Kakumbn, and 
Aebe's tx>y bad been tortured by having theii arms cut 
off, and were then bound alive to a scaffolding, under 
which a fire was matin, and they were e lototy imtU to 
death. Majasi and his men mocked them, and bade 
them pray now if laa Masiya [Jesus Christ] would 
rescue them from bla bands. Tlie dear lads clung to 
their faith, and In the Are they sang, A'ilhi tiku tunn/H 
(tbe hymn, ' Dally, daily sing tbe praises/).*' [J, J.J 

Dale, Ella, Mrs. Van Alstync, q. v. 

Dale, Thomas, m.a., s. of Thomas Dale; 
a bookseller in London, b. at Pentonville, 
Aug. 22, 1797, and educated at Christ's 
Hospital, and Corpus Chrtsti College, Cam- 
bridge, graduating b.a. 1822, m.a. 1825. On 
taking Holy Orders, ho became, after hold- 
ing several curacies, Vicar of St Bride's, 
Fleet Street, London ; Canon of St. Paul's, 
1843 ; Vicar of St. Pancras, 1816 : and Rector 
of Therficld, Herts, 1800. In 1870 ho was 
nominated to the Deanery of Rochester, but 
died before induction, May 14, 1870. His 
poetical works arc : — 

(1) TO* widow o/ jVoifl, 1813 ; (2) The Outlaw of 
Kiiuii, IH'JU; (i) Iradand Adah, atuleof Ike Floo&i 
and Npeeimens of a jVcui Translation of tin Psalm*, 
tsaa. These FiHrniB were cullceted and pub, in one vol. 
in la^G; znded. 1S4S. ; 

Prom theso works the following hymns 
have beeu taken: — 

1. Dear as thou wext ivut], and justly daw (1319). 
Burial, In the Jjxds H, ZJA'., las:*, and several Ame- 
rican collortinrw. It is from the Widow of Ifain, and 
Is given as n dirjre sung at tlie funeral by the Village 
£Iinstrc], 

8, never, never can we know (18SB). Good Fri- 
day. In tlie Dap. I't. A ffp., ls59-so. 

8. Speak, Oya judges of the earth (J82B). Pi.lMi. 
In the Nitrt S. Bk., 1830, &c. 

4. Thelcid'Wluu9irBxuei*love(lB3S), Children') 
Praise*, In the Ifitre U. Iik t 1S3G. 

5. "When the spark of llfefs waning (1819). ADying 
request, THt is No, Viii, of ruems, Appended to Tlie 
Widow of Jfaia, IBIS, p. an. In Stevenson's Hys. for 
Ch.&ltomt, 18T3. 

Other hymns of a similar diameter might 
be taken from these workj with advantage. 

[W. T= B.] 

Damascene, St. John. [John of Saraaa- 
eut.J 

Damiani, or Damian, Peter, Saint, 
Cardinal, Bishop, nnd Doctor of the Clrarch, 
■whom Uom Gueranger calls " The austere 
reformer of the 11th century," was b. at 
Ravenna, about 088. He was the youngest 
of many children. His mother abandoned 
him ob a babe, and his life was only saved by 



DAMIANI, PETER 

his being discovered by a faithful female ser- 
vant, who took care of him until such time as 
his mother relented and received him back 
again. Doth Ids parents dying while be was 
very young, he fell into the hands of a married 
brother, who, treating him with great harsh- 
ness and regarding him rather as a slave than 
a near relation, sent him, " when he was grown 
up, into the fields to feed swine." In spite of 
this treatment, he early developed a virtuous 
and pious disposition, and another brother, 
Damian (after whom ho is said to have been 
named), who was arch-priest of Ravenna, took 
pity on him, and had him educated. The 
progress he made in learning was the admira- 
tion of his teachers, and led very soon to his 
being employed as a teacher. He was very 
strict, even as a youth, as regards his mode of 
life, habituating himself to frequent watching, 
fasting, self-mortification and prayer. Struck 
with the self-denial of two Benedictine monks, 
who happened to call where he was living, 
he embraced their profession, and became a 
" religious " (in the monastery of Avellino, 
in the diocese of Gubbio) of the order of the 
monks of the Holy Cross of Pontavellana. 
Of that community he, in a.d. 1011, became 
the Superior, and so eitended its usefulness 
that he was looked upon as the second founder, 
the first having been Ludolphus, a disciple of 
St, Bomuald. He founded no less than flvo 
monasteries under the same rule, the Priors of 
which remained under his jurisdiction. After 
twelve years of eminent service to the Church, 
he was induced by Pope Stephen IX. to ac- 
cept, in 1057, very much against his own 
wish, tlie position of Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia. 
This, after much difficulty, he was allowed 
to resign by Popo Alexander II., in 1062, 
but coupled with the reserve of a power 
to employ him in important Church matters, as 
he might at any time find needful. With bin 
bishopric he also resigned bis post as Superior 
of his old monastery, where he onco more took 
up his abode. During his retirement (a retire- 
ment constantly broken in upon by calls from 
tlie Pontiff to proceed in a legatine capacity to 
settle various questions of importance to the 
Church in different parts of Europe), be lived 
a life of extraordinary asceticism and self- 
mortifi cation. It was on his return journey 
from Ravenna, whither he had been sent as 
legate to inquire into the enormities charged 
against Henry, Archbishop of Ravenna, and 
otherwise adjust the affairs of the Church 
there, tliat tic was called to his rest in his 
eighty-fourth year. Ho died of fever, at 
Faenza, in tha monastery of Our Lady, on the 
22nd or 23rd of March, 1072. 

Damiani endeavoured by bis literary labours to ad- 
vance tbe cause of order and morality, and to add bis 
quote, by no means an Insignificant one, in worth or 
amount, to the church's store of Latin hymns. "He 
brisleft," as ArclLbishop Trench remarks, "a consider- 
able body of Latin verge," but it is only with bis 
hymns that Ave are concerned In these pages. 

It is not surprising to find tbes* hymns, the work 
of such a devoted servant of the Church of Roino, deeply 
tinged with tlie superstitions of that Church, and thereby 
to Protestant minds disfigured ; lout, notwithstanding 
(his drawback, there are very few amongst tbe composi- 
tions of Latin hymn-writers to compare with some of 
our author's in vivid word-painting and richness of de- 
scription. Such compositions as "Ad perenuis vitae 
foutem," and u Gravl me terrors pulses, vitae dies ultima," 
have very few equals iu merit in the bcIkjoI of poetry to 



DANA, MABY S. B. 

which the} belong, while the difference between them 
In thought and treatment la most marked, and exhibits 
to great advantage the versatility of tlielr composer. 
In addition to the two hymns named (see "Ad peren- 
nis," concerning its disputed authorship), Daniel gives 
in vol. I. the texts of four hymns in full, end tbe first 
stanzas of ten others. Tbe best known in addition to 
tbe two named are, "Crux, mundl benedlctio;" and 
" Panle doctor egregie " (q.v.), [D. S. W.] 

Dana, Mary a B, [Bhindier, K, s. B.] 

Daniel, Hermann Adalbert, was b. at 
Kothen, Nor. 18, 1812, He studied at the 
University of Halle, graduating Ph.D. in 
1889. In 1834 he was appointed one of the 
masters in the Paedagogium at Halle, in 
1817 assistant inspector, and in 1854 pro- 
fessor there. He resigned his offices in 1870, 
and retired tq Dresden. On his return from 
a visit to Westphalia he d. at Leipzig, Sept. 
13, 1871 (AUg. Deutsche Biog., iv. 731-734). 

nanlel was the author of various geographical, scho- 
lastic and liturgical works. In tbe department of Ger- 
man Hymnology he is known as the compiler of a very 
Indifferent hymn-book, the Jivangclithet Kirchenge- 
tangtjuvh, Halle, 1S42 (the only fairly good portion of 
the work being the Index of authors compiled by D1&- 
oonus Dryuider, of Halle) ; and as the author of the 
article 6'ecan0bucit in Erscb and GrubeT's.£frc#cfcgKiAlfa l 
Leipzig, isso. In the department of Latin Hymnology 
be did good service by his Thesaurus jrymnofogiettx, 
five hyvtnorum, canticenan, tequentiarum, circa 
annum Af£>, tuitatarum, coUeetio amjXiatma: vol. i. 
consisting of Latin hymns, Halle, 1841 j vol. ti. with 
Latin sequences, 1843; vol. iil. withGreeh hymnsedited 
by K. Vorbamn. and Syrlac hymns edited by L. Splietb, 
1S4S; vols, iv., v. as a supplement to vols, i., 11. in 
18B5. It may he characterised as. the work of a man 
who greatly loved his subject, but to whose mind the 
Instinct of accuracy was in great measure wonting. In 
his flint volume be worked with a very imperfect criti- 
cal apparatus, but in lila last two volumes (to which iu 
many cases he transferred tho texts and notes of F. J. 
Mane almost verbatim) he did much to Improve bis work. 
Yet even with tbe help of tlie Index in vol. v., tbe work 
is most unsatlefeetory, Tbe index Is had, the arrange- 
ment of the work la confusing, and the references, which 
are very numerous and painfully contracted, have no 
table of abbreviations. Still, with all its defects it is an 
invaluable work. It contains the texts of many hymns 
not otherwise easily accessible, and Information of modi 
interest and value. It Is worthy of exbsnstlve Indices, 
and in its own department has yet to he superseded. 
In this Dictionary it la quoted as Daniel. [J, M,] 

Daniel, Robert T., was b. June 10, 1773, 
in Middlesex Co., Virginia, and removed in 
boyhood to Orange Co., North Carolina. Ho 
was engaged for some time as a blacksmith 
And cabinet-maker. In 1803 lie was ordained 
to the Baptist Ministry, and acted ns a mis- 
sioner in North and South Carolina, Virginia, 
Tennessee, and Mississippi. Besides bemo- 
an agent for various Baptist Missionary ana 
Education Societies, he was on eminent revi- 
valist. He d. at .Paris, Tennessee, 1840. 
His hymn for Immersion, '' Lord, in humble, 
sweet submission," appeared in Broaddns's 
Dover Sel., 1828-31, iu ti st. of 4 1.; Win- 
chell's Additional Hymns, 1882; and is given 
in Spurgeon's 0. 0. H. BK 1869. [F. M, B.] 

Daniell, John Jeremiah, b. at Bath, 
Oct. 6, 1819. In 1848 ho was ordained by 
the Bp. of Manchester. His subsequent 
eiiarges included tho curacies of Gerrans, 
Menheniot, Kington-Laugley, and others, and 
the vicarages of Langley-Fiteurse, Winter- 
borne-Stoke, and Berwick St. James, Wilts, 
and Langley-Burrell, having been preferred 
to the last in 1879. Mr. Danieil is the 
author of several prose works, as : Life of 
Mn. Qodolphin; The Geography of Cornwall, 



DARBY, JOHN N. 



279 



Ac. ! and of a poetical work, Lays of tite 
English Qavaliere, His hymns inC. U. are : — 

1, Alleluia, thanks and (lory. Children praiting 
7«nt, Contributed to the S. P. CI. K. Children's ffjrt., 
No. «9. 

2, Gome, sing with holy gladness, Fraite of Christ. 
Contributed to the Appenvxa of If. A, & M., 1S69, and 
since adopted by several collections In G. Hrltatn and 
America. 

Mr. Daniell has also written several hymns 
foe local use ; but these have not appeared in 
the larger and more widely used collections. 
He d. Nov. 1, 181)8. [J. J.] 

Danish HymilOdy. [Scandinavian Hym- 
nody,] 

Dank, Dank, gey dir fur dein Er- 
bannen, [Holy Communion,] Appeared as. 
No. 158 in the Hamburg <k B., 1787, in 5 st. 
of 6 1. Repeated as No. 357 in the Berlin G, 
B., 1829, and as No. 298 in the Hamburg 
G. B., 1842. In Dr. A. J. Enmbach's Ntwfc- 
rieJit to the latter it is given as probably by 
C. C. Sturm, and as first pub. in tlie 1787 
0. B. It was probably suggested by the hymn 
** Nun habe Dank fur deine Liebe," in 9 st. of 
6 1., which is included ns a Post-Communion 
hymn in J. G. Zollikofer's Q. B., Leipzig, 
1766, and is ascribed to Z, himself. IV. as : — 

Thanks, thanks be to Thee for Thy pity. A full 
and good tr. in Miss Warner's Wayfaring Hymns, 
1869 fed. 1877, p. 49), mid thence, omitting at, 
ii., as No. 442 in Stevenson's II. for Clt.andl&me, 
1873. [J. M.j 

Darby, John Helson, m.a„ .youngest b. 
of John Darby of Leap, King's Co., Ireland, 
was b. at Westminster, Nov. 18, 1800 ; edu- 
cated at Trinity College Dublin, where he 
graduated in 1819; and in due course was 
called to the Bar. Ho subsequently took 
Holy Orders ; but in a short time allied him- 
self with tho Plymouth Brethren. In tho 
exercise of his ministry nmotigst them he 
visited most parts of tike world, and translated 
tlie Bible into English, French, and German. 
His published works, including a Synopsis of 
the Books of Hie Bible ; Notes on Itevelalions, 
etc., nre numerous. He d. at Bournemouth, 
April 20, 1882. His hymns in C. D. are :— 

1. Hark, ten thousand voices crying. The $e.cvnd 
Advent anticipated. Praise. Appeared In Hyz.for the 
Poor of the Flock, 1S3I, and repeated in Ft. and fljri. 
anil S. Songs, Lond,, Walther, 1*43, and A few Up., 
fee.. ISM, It Is also given ina few collections other than 
those for use amongst the ** Brethren." 

S. OLord, thy loVe p sunbounded,SoHwaet,fin. God's 
unchanging Ijove. Given in A /too Iiys., &c., 18GG, No\ 
ii. In 8 st. of 4 1. Another hymn in tbe same collection. 
No. S5, begins with tlie same first line: " O J^rd, Thy 
love's unbounded I So full, so vast, so free I " This is In 
a st. of S 1.. and la attributed In the "a. nss." to J. 
N. Darby, hi common with the first. 

3, Best of the saints above, ITcatcn. In A Few 
ffyj., fee, 1S56, No. 1% in 14 st. of 41. 

4, Biss, my soul, thy liod directs thee. Divine Guid- 
ance. 1st pun. in JJys-.for the Four of thA fi'lxk, lstfT; 
and again In Ft. andltys., 1342 (as above); and A l-'evt 
/Vyt.,las„18SB,lnlt)st.of 41. It is alio in Dr. Walker's 
Cheltenham Ft. and llys., 18S5-M$i. 

5, nilaworldu a. wilderness wide. FallowiRg Christ. 
This Is No. I J», in Sst. of 41., in A ftui iryt., fcc., Isso. 

fi. Ihongh £kint, yet pursuing, we go on our way. 
Divine Strength anil Defertec. This hymn wasglveu 
anonymously in tbe Bap, Ft. and Ify*; 1^58, No. 638, 
In & st. of HI, In the left ed. of the same collection, 
it appeared as by "John N. Darby (?) 1861." Here ve 
have a doubt and an error. The doubt Is tvILh resp&rt 
to the authorship ; and the error is in tlie date, A. hymn 
pub. In 1S5S cannot be accurately dstpd "1861/' The 
evidence far tbe J. N. nsi-by authorship Is most uusatiu- 
fictory. We con simply name It "Ai.on." 



280 



DARK WAS MY SOUL 



All these hymns were published anony- 
mously ; and the ascriptions of authorship of 
1-5 are given from the " 8. MBS." The same 
Mss. Bay that lie edited the work above re- 
ferred to : A Few Hymns and tome Spiritual 
Song*, Selected, 1856, for the LittU Flock, 
Lond. Groombridge & Sons. [J. J.] 

Dark was my soul, and dead in sin. 

J. FawcetU [Life a Journey.'] 1st pub. in 
his .Hymns, Ac, 1782. No. 3, in 12 si of 4 1., 
and headed " Thon shalt remember all the 
way," &c Dent. viii. 2. Prom it a cento 
lias come into 0. V. as in Snepp's Bangs of 
R. A 6., 1872, beginning, "Thus far my God 
hath led me on." It is composed of fit. vi.- 
viii., xi., xii. [J. JJ 

Darkly rose the guilt; corning. 

J. Anttice. [Good Friday.] Appeared in 
Hymns by J. Amtitte., M.A., 183G, p. 24, in 4 
st. of 6 1. In 1811 it was included in The 
Child 1 * Christian Year, and repeated in the 
Leeds H. Bit., 1853, the 1874 Suppl to the N. 
Cong., and others, with st, i. J. 6, "thorn- 
plaited," for " thorn-platted " ; and st. ii., I. 6, 
"■sad Gethsemane" for "green Getlisemane." 
In 1858 it was rewritten by the BeT. J. Eller- 
ton, for a class of Sunday school children, and 
given in his By*, for 8. Schools & Bible Classe*. 
Brighton, 1898, as, '* How returns the awful 
morning." This was again rewritten for 
Chnreh Hys., 1871. Of this arrangement at 
ii. and iv. are by Mr. Anstice, and i., ii., v. are 
by Mr. Ellerton. [J. J.] 

Darling, Thomas, m.a., b. of George 
Darling, m.d., b. in London, 1816, educated at 
the Charterhouse, and fit. John's College, 
Cambridge, graduating b.a. 1838, and h.a. 
1841. In 1839 he took Holy Orders, and sub- 
sequently became Incumbent of Thanington, 
near Canterbury, and In 1848 Sector of St. 
Michael Royal with St. Martin- Vint^y, City 
of London. Mr. Darling published in 1895 
Hymns for the Church of England (Lond. 
Longmans), arranged according to the Order 
of the Book of Common Prayer. The last 
edition (1887) contains 338 hymns, of which 
about 20 are by the editor. These hymns, 
which appeared from time to time in the 
various editions of his collection, are : — 

1. All (slnts of the Lord. (1SS5.) Xatter. In the 
18SI ed. of the Hsnnt, this tends, " Yt saints of the 
Lord." 

z. As chief among ten thousand see. (19*8.) Hatter. 

3. At early dawn the rnotmtaln bound. (1S5T). /to 1 
I'rivatc v a. 

4. Behold, I come; and with me bring, (I860.) jSun- 
ttaynext bqfwe Advent. 

5. Heboid, the vineyard of the Lord. (1331.) Z*« 
Church of C'hritt. 

a. Father of heaven, all nature upholding. (1853.) 
Trinity. 

I. From deft In Pyrenean rock, (1958.) Healing 
Water, For Private use. 

8. Lift high a festal canticle, [issr.) Chriitmas. 

9. Most (gracious Lord, in all distress, (185&,) Com- 
mon Trouble. 

10. TheeverlastlnehilJsdeclaM. (1858.) Aicention. 
Written at BagnereB de Luchon In the Pyrenees, lftSa. 

II, There are who mount with eagle -wings. (1959.) 
/>'£. John the Evangelitt, 

12. There is a stream whose waters now, (1858.) 
Living Water. 

-M.To God the glory, while we tell, (1990.) St. 
Michael and AU Avgelt. 

U. We now with one accord. (1855.) Fraitt. In 
the 1937 ed. of the Jlynnt, &c, tb& Is given as, " Let 
all men praise the Lard," 



DAYD38, SAMT7EL 

IS. 'What light Is this whose silvery gleam. (1SSS.} 
Epiphany. 

IS, Who, when beneath affliction's rod. (1MB.) St- 
tignatUm, 

In addition to these Mr. Darling has most 
successfully adapted hymns from other writers. 
These include, " Lord Jesus, taken from Thy 
servants' sight " ; " Shepherd of the ransomed 
nock";"The winds of God have changed 
their note" (all of which- see); and "By 
fnith, from day to day," and " Where dwells 
the glorious King ? " from " The God of Abra- 
ham praise" (q.v.l. Mr. Darling's original 
compositions and adaptations are more richly 
poetical than is usual with modern hymns. 
They are at the same time very devotional 
and of practical value. [J. J.] 

Darracott, Bisdon, pupil of Dr. Dod- 
dridge, nnd some time Presbyterian minister at 
Wellington, Somerset Born 1717, d.Mar. 14, 
1759. See " O God of Bethel," &c. 

Das 1st meine Freude bier. [Joy to 
God.] No. 519 in Freylinghausen's Neues 
Gmtreiches Q. B., 1714, in 9 st. of 7 1. Tr. as:— 

How I Sad a, lasting joy, a tr. of st. i., vi, 
vii., by Miss Borthwick, as No. 156, in Dr. Fsgen- 
stecher*s Coll., 1864. [J. M?) 

Daughter of Zlon, from the dust, J. 

Montgomery. [For (fts Jews.'} Appeared in 
the Leeds Sel. of Hymns, 1822, No. 254, in 
5 st. of 4 1., and based on Is. lii, 1. In 1825 
it was included by Montgomery in his Christian 
Psalmist, No. 555, nnd again in his Original 
Hymns, 1853, No. 241, In Common Praise, 
1879, it is given as "Arise, O Zion I from the 
dust,'' Its American use in its original form 
is extensive. [J. J.] 

Daughters of Sion* come, behold. I. 
Watts. [Coronation of Christ.'] Appeared in 
his/iy«.an(IS.Sonj*,1707,in6 6t. of 41., and 
entitled "The Coronation of Christ, and Es- 
pousals of the Church " (Bk. I, No. 72). In 
its full form its use is limited. A popular 
arrangement, beginning with st. ii., "Jesus, 
Thou everlasting King," is found in numerous 
collections, as in the We*. H. Bk., 1880. [J. J,] 

Davies, Samuel, M.A., b. near Summit 
Ridge, Newcastle, Delaware, America, Nov. 3, 
17'23, and educated under the Bev. Samuel 
Blair, of Chester County, Pennsylvania, 
through the pecuniary assistance of the Bev, 
William Robinson, a Presbyterian Minister of 
New Brunswick. In 1745 he was licensed by 
the Presbytery of Newcastle as a probationer 
for the Ministry, and undertoolr duty in 
Virginia, in 1747. After visiting England in 
1753, on belialf of the New Jersey College, 
and having received the degree of m.a., ho 
was appointed President of New Jersey Pres- 
byterian College, Princeton, in succession to 
Jonathan Edwards. He d. Feb. 4, 1761, at 
the early age of 37. His mss. wyre entrusted 
to Dr. T. Gibbons, who pub. therefrom 5 vols, 
of Sermon*. In 1851 the Sermons were re- 
published in 3 vols., including a -Memoir by 
the Rev. A. Barnes, His hymns, 16 in all, 
weru given by Dr. Gibbons in liis Hymns 
adapted to Divine Worship, 17G9. As a 
liyrun-writcr he followed the lines laid down 
by Watts, and his versos are solid, but some- 
what dry and heavy. Those of his hymns 
which arc still retained in C, U. are:— 



DAVIS, BICHABD 

1. Eternal Spirit, Sou™ «f licit, Influence* 
of the il. Spirit implored From' Dr. Gibbons's 
Hymns, &c., 1769, Ilk. ii., No. 29, this passed 
Into several of the older collections. In later 
works it is more frequently fbond in the Ame- 
rican hymnal* than those of 0. Britain. It is 
in 4 st. of 6 1., as in Dr. Hatfield's Church H. Bk., 
N. Y., 1872, and the Leeds If. Bk., 1853, 

1, Otut Osd of wend«r«, all Thy ways. The 
Pardoning God. This is one of the most, if not 
the most, popular of the author's hymns both in 
G. Britain and America. It has appeared in more 
than one hundred hymn-booki in England alone, 
sometimes in foil (5 et. of S J.J, and at other 
times abbreviated, as in Spurgeon's 0. 0, H. Bk., 
1866; the Sap. Hymwji, 1879, &c Its 1st 
publication was in Dr. Gibbons's Hymns, Sic, 
1769, Bit. i., No. 59. 

3. H*w freat, how tenibl* that flod. TheJudg- 
tnmt. Id Gi'Mww,No.37 of Bk.i.,in7st.of 4 1. 

4. Jew*, now precion* is Thy nam*. Jesus the 
Prophet, Priest, and King. Is No. 31 of Bk. ii. 
in Gibbons, in 6 st. of 6 1. It was very popular 
■with 'the older compilers, as Ash and Evans, 
Bippon, Bickersteth, and others in G. Britain, 

' and also in America ; but in modern collections 
it is rarely found. It is worthy of notice. 

8. Laid, I am Thins, entirely Thin*. Holy Com' 
tnuni'on. In Gibbons this is No. 28 of Bk. ii., in 
7 st. of 4 L It is very popular in America, but 
unknown to most English hymnals. In all edi- 
tions of Eippon's Set., 1787-184*, it is given in 
2 st. as " Lord, am I Thine, entirely Thine ? '* The 
hymn, "While to Thy table I repair," in the 
Andovcr Sabbath H. Bk., 1858, is compiled from 
this hymn. 

6, Vast strange pvplexitie* axis*. Self •Exami- 
nation, This hymn is equal to No. 5 in American 
popularity, and exceeds it in G. Britain. In Dr. 
Hatfield's Church H. Bk., N. Y„ 1872, it is 
abbreviated and slightly altered. Fnll text in 
6 st. of 4 1. is in Spurgeon's 0. 0. H, Bk., 1866. 
It was 1st pub. in Gibbons's Hymns, &c., 1769. 

7. While a'*r ear fnilty land, Lord. Fast Day. 
This hymn, besides appearing in its original form 
in some collections, and with abbreviations in 
others, is^tlso the source of "On Thee, our Guar- 
dian God, we call," st. iv. of the original given 
In a few American collections ; and of the same 
arrangement of stanzas, "On Thee we call, 
Lord, our God," in the Jim/owr Suhbath H.Bk., 
1858, and others. The original in Gibbons is 
Bk. i., No. 56, in 8 st. of 4 1. 

The remaining hymns by Davies have foiled 
to attain a position in the hymn-books either 
of 6. Britain or America, [F. M. B.] 

Davis, Richard, b. IGS8, d. 1714, was a 
native of Cardiganshire, received n liberal 
education, and in early manhood was for some 

J ears master of a grammar school in London, 
n 1690 he received an invitation to the 
pastorate from the Independent Church nt 
Bothwcll (or EowellJ, in Northamptonshire, 
and with this church he spent the remaining 
21 years of his life. He was a remarkable 
man, and, in connection with his Evangelistic 
labours in the region round about, anticipated 
Wesley's institution of lay-preachers. He pub. 
a volume of 168 liymns. The date of the 1st 
ed, is unknown. The title of tho 2nd ed. isi— 
" Hymns COmpntedon Several Snbjeets,and on TXvert 
Otcationti in Three Parts. With an Alphabetical 



DAVIS, THOMAS 



281 



tt&U. Bit *- Davii.ninisterqfthegotpid. Thesecond 
edition. Some of the Hymns competed o£P other hands. 
London: Printed for W. Marshall, at the Bible, in 
NetMate Street ; and H. Barnard, at the Hible in the 
Poultry, l*8i." A 7tb ed. was published hi IMS, with 
a recommendatory preface by Dr. John GiU, who In Lis 
youth had received much spiritual stimulus and guidance 
from Mr. Davis. N The ath ed. by /. il. Jones, of Mitchell 
Street Chapel, London, appeared In 1833. 

However acceptable these hymns may have 
been to the villagers of the midland counties 
of England 190 years ago, they are too defec- 
tive in metre, and altogether too uncouth in 
style for use now, and are of interest only to 
the student of early English hymnody. 

[W. E. S.] 

David, Thomas, m.i, s. of Dr. B. F. 

Davis, Rector of All Saints, Worcester, and of 
Pendock, Worcestershire, was b. Feb. 15, 
1804. He was educated for the law, and 

practised as a solicitor for twoyears. He then 
entered Queen's Coll., Oxford, and graduated 
b.a. in 1833, and m.a. in 1837. On taking 
Holy Orders he became Curate of AU Saints, 
Worcester. In 1839 he was preferred as 
Incumbent of Boundhay, Leeds. Mr. Davis'a 
works, in which his hymns appeared, are : — 

(1) Devotional Verse for a JtonfA, 1855 ; (I) Song* for 
the Suffering, ISiB ; (3) The family Hymnal, IBM ; 
(4) Hpmns, CAd and ktv, for church and Home, and 
for travel by Land or Sea \ contittina of 233 selected. 
and see Ordinal Hymns. Lond., Longmans, ias4 ; «pd 
(6) Annus Sanctis ; or. Aids to Holiness in Verse for 
every day in the Tear, IBJ1. (a) Help Homewards in 
Terse for Beery Bay in the Year, 1883, The hymns 
given In the earlier of these works are generally repeated 
lu toe later. 

Of Mr. Davis'a hymns the best Known are 
"O Paradise Eternal"; "Holiest, holiest, 
hearken in love"; "Tis sweet on earth to 
wake at mom";"Let everyvoice for praise 
awake"; and "Baptised into the Name," 
Many of Mr. Davis's hymns are of consider- 
able merit, and his works should be con- 
salted by all hymn-book compilers. The 
" selected " hymns in his Bye. Old & New 
are marked thus f, the rest are original 
From his various works the following hymns 
are in C. U. outside of his Hymns Old and 
Neu> in addition to those named and other*, 
which are annotated under their respective 
first lines : — 

i. From Devotional Verse for a Montii, 1855. 

1. Come, Holy Spirit, come, Mercies revealing. Whit- 
suntide. 

I. Dear is the eye of earthly love. The Lonelinmcf 
Jesus. 

3. Heavy and dark the clouds o'erhung. Good Friday. 

4. I will not mourn my weakness, Lord. Affliction. 

ii. From the Family Hymnal, 18G0. 
&. Shall I tear, O earth, thy bosom ? £Vufrr. 

5. Sing, ye seraphs, in the Bky. Universal rroite. 

iii. From Hymns Old and New, 1364. 

I. Day by day and year by year. Old and /few Tear. 

8. Docs one small voice within the foul } Canteiena. 

9. Faith alone breathes calm devotion. The Calm of 
faith. 

10. Fatlier, vouchsafe us grace divine. iteming, 

II. Great Father of our race. God the Wither. 

12. How kind oot Father's voice. Morning. 

13. I thank Thee, Lord, for every night. Morning. 
U. In holy contemplation, Give me, to. After a 

Bad Harvest. 

15. Let every voice for praise awake. God is Love. 

is. Lunl, neiid Thy Spirit from above. Far an In- 
errareof Charity. 

1?. My Father kept me through tlie night. Morning. 

19. Our God ie love, sweetly sine. God is Ij>re. 

IS. The floods lift up their waves, o God. foruieal 
Sea. 



282 



DAY AFTER DAY 



a». The I/irii our Cod la King, God Ua Xing Eternal. 

31. To nit Tliy servants who tbls day, i/o/yCenmu- 
nitm. 

22. To Thine own peaceful shies. Attention. 

2.1. What though fields or earth have yielded, .a/ter 
a. J/*h! .ffarwtf. 

if. From Annus Sanetus, 1877. 
£4. Christian, be tlion content. ^ufaguaoirtfna Sun* 
<Jay. 

25. Keep Thon my lieert that it may ne'er. Stout to 
Wratk. 

26. Moroligbt.tiaoMilifit.tnorelove. Light, Life and 
Love desired. 

ST. Unworthy tbongh I be. Divine Guidance desUxd. 
28. Whycoineathisfragranceon the snmmer breeze f 
Cod is Love. [J. J.J 

Say after day I sought the Lord. 
J. a Hare. [Ps. a!.]. This version of Ps. xl. 
in two parts ; pt. ii. beginning, " Show forth 
Thy mercy, gracious Lord," appeared in hie 
Portions o? the Psalms in English Verse, Se- 
lected/or Public Worship (Lond. J. W. Parker), 
1839, pp. f>6-7, each in 5 it. of 4 1. In 1875 
both ports wore included in an unaltered form 
in the If**. H. Bk., 566. [J. J.] 

Day fay day the manna fell. J. Con- 
dor. [The Lord's Prayer."] Appeared in his 
Cong. H. Bh, 18SG, No. 516, in 6 at. of 4 1., 
and based upon tlio text, " Give us day by day 
onr daiiy bread." In tlie following year it 
was given as the fourth of six hymns on " Tile 
Lord's Prayer "in Conder's work The Choir 
and the Oratory, 1837, p. 33, and repeated in 
his Hys. of Praise, Prayer, Ate, 185G, p. 137. 
It is given in a great many hymnals in G, 
Britain and America. In some American 
collections it begins with st. iii., "Lord, my 
[our] limes are in Thy hand." [J. J.j 

Day by day we magnify Thee. J. 

Mtoion. [Praise—Children's Hymn,] Written 
to he sung daily at the opening of a National 
School in Brighton, and pub., in 1858, in the 
author's Hys. for Schools and Bible Classes, 
from whence it passed into Church Hys., 1871, 
'lining's Coll. (slightly altered), the Metho- 
dist 8. S. H. Bk. t and other hymnals. In the 
Church l'raise Bh, N.Y., 1882, st. iv.-viii. 
arc given anonymously as No. 93. Orig, text 
in Church Hys., No, 5G8. [J, J.] 

Day of Judgment, day of wonders. 
J. Newton. [Advent] Written in 1774, and 
1st pub. in the Olney Hymns, 1779, lifc. ii., 
No. 77, in 7 st. of 5 1., and headed "The- 
Day of Judgment." In the Bev. J. Bull's 
work on Newton, this hymn is referred to 
under the date of 1775 as follows ; — 

" • Sunday, 26th, spoke in the evening from hymn 
mi the day of judgment.' Tola hymn, ho Rays prevl* 
ounly, took him the moat of two days to finish." 

The quotation " Sunday, 26fh," &c. [June 
26th, }775] is from Newton's Diary, Few of 
our authors hymns have attained to greater 
popnlnrity thon this hoth in G. Britain and 
America. It has been translated into several 
language^ including Latin (st. i.-iii, t vi.): 
"Dies mirondorumf dies," in Bingham's 
Hynxno. Christ. Latina., 1871. Orig. text in 
Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 410. [J. J,] 

Day of loss and day of gain. J. 8. B. 

liontell. [Good Friday.] Pub. in his Spiritual 
Songs, 1857 (People's cd., 1875, p. 64), in 20 
at. of 3 1., and headed " Tho Dark Day." In 
"the Bw." F. Pott's Hymns, <fcc, 1861, No. 80, 



DAYB AND MOMENTS 

there is a cento from this hymn, st. 1, 10, 12, 
13, 17-20 being employed. In his Hys. of 
Love (t PraUe, 1863, p. 82, Dr. Wonsell gave 
st 13-20, beginning, " Jesus I Gentle Sufferer t 
say." This, with the addition of a doxology, 
was repeated in his Parish Hymnal, 1875. 

Dayman, Edward Arthur, b.d., 3rd 
s. of John Dayman, of Marabury, N. Devon, 
b. at Padstow in Cornwall, 11th July, 1807, 
and educated at BlundeU's School, Tiverton, 
Devon, and Exeter Coll. Oxon. 1st Class in 
Lit. Hum. 1829, s.a. 1830, m.a. 1831, u.». 
1841. He was for some time Fellow and 
Tutor of his College, and Pro-Proctor, 1835. 
Taking Holy Orders in 1835, he became suc- 
cessively examiner for Univ. Scholarship for 
Latin, 1838 ; in Lit. Hum., 1838-9, and 1841-2, 
Sen, Proctor of tho University 1840, Hector 
of Shilling-Okeford or ShiUingstone, Dorset, 
1842 ; Sural Dean, 1810; Proctor in Convo- 
cation, 1852; and Hon. Conon of Bitton in 
Saram Cathedral, 1862. His works include 
Modern Infidelity, 1861, and Essay on Inspi~ 
ration, 1864. He was joint editor with Lord 
Nelson and Canon (afterwards Bishop) Wood- 
ford of the Sarum Hymnal, 1868 ; which con- 
tains trs. from the Latin, and original hymns 
by him ; and with Canon Eioh-Jones, of Btatuta 
et Consuetudines EecUsiae Cathedralis Baris- 
buriensis, 1883. He also contributed several 
in. from the Latin to The Hymnary, 18T2. 
He has been for many years engaged in com* 
piling an English Dictionary of Mediaeval 
Latin founded on Da Cange. The original 
hymns contributed by him to the Sarum, Hyl., 
1868, are, with the dates of their composition, 
as follows ; — 

1. Almighty Father, heaven and earth, q.v. (1301.) 
Offertory. 

2. Lord, be with ua when we Bail, (1965,) For 
utc at Sea. 

3. Man of Sorrows, Thy prophetic eye. (18GQ.) 
Tuesday before Eaiter. 

4. Slecptby last sleep. (19G3.) Burial. 

fl. Upon the solitary mountain's height. fjsefi.) 
Tmwtflgitration. 

6. When the messengers ofwratb. (18G7.) Jhtring 
Festiltnee and Famine. 

7. Who Is this with garments dyed i (ISM.) Monday 
tywn JSaiter. [J. J.] 

Days and moments quickly flying, 

K Gawall. [Old and Nea Year.] This 
hymn appeared in 4 st. of 4 1. with the title, 
" Swiftness of Time," in his Masque of Mary 
and other Poems, 1858. Withitwasalso given, 
under tho title of "A Warning," one stanza,* 
beginning "As the tree falls, So must it lie," 
Ate. From these, together with abbreviations, 
additions, or alterations the following centos 
have been made :— 

1. In Chopft HynirmI, 1862, the two with alterations. 
3. In u. A. A M., 1SGS; tho same without alterations. 

3. In the Appendix to tho 8. P. C. K, Ft. and Hys., 
1569. the first hymn, 4 st. with two additional stanzas. 

4, Jn fitfmnary, 1810-2. The first hymn of 4 Et. 
■itlth alterations, nnd a fifth st. by the editors. 

&, In CfturcA Hyt., lfiTl. a new cento of -which st. 1., 
IL. 111., are from the first hymn, much varied; v..vl., 
from S. P. C.K.jPS. and But., altered; andlv.,vii., vlil., 
by the compilers. 

8. In//. A. <fc.li"., 1816, the firat hymn of 4 st. slightly 
altered, and a new stanza. 

1. In taring's CoU., lass, the same first hymn with 
alterations by the editor. 

Other centos found in a few additional col- 
lections are in American use. Orijr. texts in 
CaswaU's Hys. & Poems, 1873, p. 250. [J. J.] 



DE COURCY, RICHARD 

De Courcy, Richard, m.a., b. in Ireland 
In 1743, and educated at Trinity College, 
Dublin. Having received Deacon's Orders, 
he became, in IT67, Curate to the Rev. Walter 
Shirley ; but Lis theological views being ob- 
noxious to Dr. Smythe, the Archbishop of 
Dublin, he was refused Priest's Orders and 
inhibited from preaching. These circum- 
stances led to hia being invited by Lady 
Huntingdon to England, and hie joining her 
band of preach ere. After some time, through 
Lady Huntingdon's influence, he obtained 
Priest's Orders from the Bishop of Lichfield. 
In 1770 he became Curate of Shawbury, 
Salop, and in 1774 Vicar of St. Alkmond a, 
Shrewsbury, The latter lie retained to his 
death in 1803. His theological views, work, 
and other matters concerning him, are dwelt 
upon with some detail in the Life and Timet 
of the Countess of Huntingdon, 1839. His 
published works include Some Elegiac Linet 
on ilte Death of the iter. 0. Whitetteld, 1771 ; 
Christ Crucified, a reply to Dr. Priestley, in 
2 vols., 1791 ; and various Sermon*, 4c In 
1775 he also published : — 

A Collection of Pralnj and Zfyntnt Extracted from 
different Authort, v>Uh\a Preface by Jtr. De Courcy, 
flftrwwourjr, 1TT5. (Preffccc dated " Shrewsbniy, De- 
cember 6, 1J16.") 

To the 2nd ed. of this CUE., pub. in 1782, 
several hymns were added, amongst which 
the following are by common consent attri- 
buted to De Courcy : — 

I. AngelawfcotbetbroDe surround- FraiteofVkritt. 
3. Hark ! from heaven a voice I heir. Burial. 

3, Jesua the Saint's perpetual theme. Christ, the 
Sou of Sharon. 

4. Cord, I tbank Tbee for Thy grace. Tkanlagioing 
for So.tva.tion. 

6, Mount, my bou], to things above. LooJcfag Heaven- 
ward. 

These hymns mo attributed to De Courcy 
on the ground that they cannot be found in 
fray collection or work published before his 
Colt,, and Uiat they have never been claimed 
by or on behalf of any other hymn-writer. 
All the liymns in his Coll. were pub. anony- 
mously. Other liymns, sometimes attributed 
to him, have been traced to earlier hymn- 
books, and are consequently omitted from the 
foregoing list. [J. J.] 

De profttndis exclamantes. [All 
Bonis.] ThU anonymous Sequence from the 
Missal of Li€ge, of 1502, is given in Neale's 
Sequential, 1852; Daniel, v., p. 320; jmd 
Kehrein, No. 880. Tr. as ;— 

Christ, entinmed in hlghett heaven. By R. F. 
Littledale, written for and 1st pub. in the 
People's H., 1867, No. 300, and signed " A. L P." 

De Wolf, John, Born at Bristol, Rhode 
Island, 1786, and educated at Brown Univer- 
sity. Subsequently he was Professor of Che- 
mistry in that University, from 1817 to about 
1838. He also lectured in medical schools 
at St. Louis, and in Vermont. His later life 
was spent at Bristol, R. L, where ho d. in 
1862. His version of Ps. 148, " Angel bands 
in strains sweet sounding," appeared in a Pro- 
vidence newspaper about 1815, and ngcin in 
the Journal of that city in an obituary notice 
of the writer. It was but locally known till 
included in tho Protestant Episo. flVninal, 
1871, by the author's relative, Bishop Howe, 
of Central Pennsylvania. [F. M. B.] 



DEAR ANGEL! EVER 



283 



Deacon, John, b. 1757, d. 1821, half 
brother to Samuel Deacon (q.v.), joined in 
early life the G. Baptist Church at Barton 
Fabis. At the expiration of his apprentice- 
ship he studied for the ministry under the 
Rev. Dan Taylor, and in 1782 became pastor 
of the G. Bapt. Church, in Friar Lane, 
Leicester. In 1791 the G. Baptists of the new 
connection, desiring a new Hymn-book, re- 
quested J. Deacon to prepare a Selection for 
their use. This was pub. in 1800. But the 
book was not adopted by all the churches, 
chiefly in consequence of alterations in aome 
of Dr. Watts's hymns, disapproved of on doctri- 
nal grounds. With most, however, it found 
favour, and a 2ml and enlarged ed. was pub. 
in 1804, containing 746 hymns. In the ap- 
pendix to this vol. are 11 hymns by John 
Deacon, all prepared for use at S. School 
anniversaries. In 1829, Deacon's collection 
was revised by a committee appointed by the 
G. Bapt. Association, and, the expressions 
objected to being amended, it was formally 
adopted as the hymn-book of the G. B. Con- 
nection. This position it held until 1851 [see 
Bipt. Hymnody, in. 11 Besides the 11 hymns 
mentioned above, J. Deacon composed 83 
others, which were sung by his congregation 
on special occasions, and still exist in us. 

[W. R. S.] 

Deacon, Samuel, b. 1746, at Ratby, in 
Leicestershire, d. 1816 at Barton, near Market 
Bosworth, in the same county. He was s. of 
Samuel Deacon, son., one of the first preachers 
of the Leicestershire General Baptists ; and 
half brother to John Deacon (q.v.)of Leicester. 
In 1771, S. Deacon settled at Barton, a small 
agricultural village, where, however, lie 
presently established a considerable business 
as clock and watchmaker, and became well 
known for his mechanical skill. In 1779 he 
was invited to assist his father in ministering 
to tho cluster of village congregations of 
General Baptists, of which Barton was tho 
centre. He was popular and useful ns a 
preacher, and continued minister of this 
church 37 years, receiving no pecuniary re- 
muneration, but himself contributing liberally 
to various religious enterprises. In 1785 ho 
published n vol entitled, A New Competition 
of Hymns <fc Poems chiefly on Divine Subject); 
designed for the Amusement and Edification of 
Chrtstt'amofatt Denomination!, more particu- 
larly them of Hie Baptist persuasion. Leicester : 
printed for the autiior by George Ireland." It 
contained 63 hymns, and 20 meditations. Sub- 
sequent editions were considerably enlarged, 
and the collection became known as the Bar- 
ton Hymns. S. Deacon's stylo is very homely, 
and of his numerous liymns, *'0 who can 
comprehend the rest'' (Heaven), and "Ye 
heavy-laden souls '" {Invitation), represent 
most, if not all, now in C. U. S. Deacon wn* 
also the author of several religious books, some 
very popular in their day, and most of thein 
in metro, but they do not contain any of bin 
hymus. [Sec Baptist Hymnody, Ir - !■] [W. R. 8.] 

Dear Angel ! ever at my side. F. W. 

Faber, [The Guardian Angel.] Appeared in 
his Je&ts and Mary, &c, 1849, and his Hymns, 
18G2, in 13 st. of 4 1. It is in use in an 
abbreviated form in various Roman Catholic 



284 DEAR LORD, ACCEPT 

hymnals for Schools and Missions. In some 
collections st i.-vi., somewhat altered, and 
with tlie addition of a doxology, ere given 
as: "Dew .fcsus, ever at Thy side." It 
is in the Plymou&i Coll., 1855, and other 
American hymn-books, in addition to the 
New Com., 1859, and other English hymnals. 
In the Methodist 8. Scholars' H. Bk., 1870, 
the ojiening line is "Bless'd Jesus, ever at my 
side ; " whilst in one of two collections it is 
again changed to " Dear Saviour, ever at my 
Bide." This last is almost confined to 
America, The object of these changes is 
to adapt a Roman Catholic hymn for Protes- 
tant use by substituting our Blessed Lord for 
" the Guardian Angel." [J. J.] 

Dear Lord, accept a sinful heart. 

W. Cowper. [£&f-aequa{ntance.] 1st pub, in 
J. Newton's Twenty-Six Letter* on Religious 
Subjects, &c., by Omicron, 1774, in 6 at. of 4 
1., and again in R Conyers's Coll. of the same 
year. In 1779 it was also included in the 
Olney Hymns, Bk. iii., No. 26. It is found in 
a few modern collections, including Dr. Dale's 
English H. Bk., 1874. [J. J.] 

Dear Lord, on this Thy servant's 
day. Cecil F. Alexander. [St. Matthew.] 
1st appeared in H. A. & M., revised ed. 1875. 

Dear Jjord, Thy condescending love. 
J. FeUotvs. [Holy Baptism.'} Appeared in 
his Hy$. on Believer? Baptism, 1773, in 7 st. 
of 4 I. In this, its original form, it is un- 
known to modem hymnals. Abbreviated and 
altered, it was given as, " Dear Lord, and-vrill 
.Thy pardoning love," in 4 st in Rippon's 
Set., 1787, No. 446, and from thence has 
passed into various collections in U. Britain 
and America. It is composed of st. i., iv., t, 
vi., as (with further slight alterations) in Spur- 
geon's 0. O. H. Bk., 1866, No. 927. [J. J.] 

Dear Refuge of my [the] weary souL 
Anne Steele. [God the Refuge.] 1st pub. in 
her Poems on Subjects chiefly Devotional, 1760, 
vol. i. p. 144, in 8 st. of 4 1., and headed, 
" God the only Refuge of the troubled mind " 
(2nd ed. 1780), and in D. Sedgwick's reprint 
of her Hymns, 1863, p. 89. It was given also 
in the Bristol Bapt. Coll. of Ash & Evans, 
1769, and in Bickereteth's Christ. Psalmody, 
1833, and was thus brought into congrega- 
tional use. It is included in numerous hym- 
nals, both in G. Britain and America. In 
some collections, as the 8. P. 0. K, Ps. & Hy»., 
1853-69, it is given &a, " Thou Refuge of nt» 
weary soul ; " and again, as in Kennedy, 1863, 
" Thou Refuge of the weary soul," [J. J.] 

Dear Saviour, teU us where. B. Bed- 
dome. [H. Baptism. Adult] Pub. iu Robert 
Hall's (posthumous) ed. of Beddome's Hymm, 
Ac., 1817, No. 607, in 5 st. of 4 1., and Loaded 
" Following the Flock." In a few collections, 
including the American Bapt. Praise Bit., 
1871, st. iv., v., slightly altered, are given as: 
"Here, Saviour, wo do come." [J. J.] 

Dear Saviour, 'when my thoughts 
reealL jlnne Steele. [Lent.] 1st pub. in 
Miscellaneous Pieces, which were added as 
vol. iii. to her Poems on Subjects chiefly 
Devotional, in 1780, pp. 79-80, and not in 
the Poems iu 1760, as stated in Spurgeoii's 



DEATH STEALS UPON US 

0. 0. H. Bk., No. 616, where it is given in 
an unaltered form. It was reprinted in 
D. Sedgwick's reprint of Miss Steele's Hymns, 
1863, p. 137, the original title reading "Peni- 
tence and Hope." Its use in America is ex- 
tensive. [J. J.] 

Dearest of all] the names above. I. 
Watts. [Reconciliation through Christ.] 1st 
pub. in the 2nd ed. of his Hymns and S. Songs. 
1709, Bk. il, No.. 148, in 5 st, of 4 1., and en- 
titled, " God reconciled in Christ" It was 
included in many of the older collections such 
as those of Wlutefidd and Toplady, and has 
continued to hold a prominent position in the 
hymn-books to the present. Its use, in Ame- 
rica especially, is very extensive. [J. J.] 

Death cannot make our souls afraid. 

1. Watts, [Death of Motet.') Appeared in 
the 1st ed. of his Hymns and 8. Songs, 1707, 
in 4 st. of 4 1. Although included in the 
older collections of Toplady and others, it 
has almost died out of use in G. Britain. In 
America it is found in a few modern hymnals, 
and sometimes as " Death cannot make my 
soul afraid," a reading which appeared in 
Toplady, 1776, No. 82. [J. J.] 

Death has been here, and borne 
away. Jane Taylor. [Death.] In the 4th 
ed. of Original Hys.for Sunday Scltools, 1816, 
No. 16, in 7 st. of 4 1., this hymn takes the 
place of one on the same subject and in a 
similar strain, which appeared in the 2nd ed. 
of 1813, as "Now one of onr number is dead." 
" Death has been here," &c, has been in 0. U. 
for many years, andie found mseveral modern 
collections for children, bat usually in an ab- 
breviated form. [J. J.] 

Death is sin's tremendous wages. 
T. Kelly. [Wages of Sin.] 1st pub. in the 
3rd ed. of his Hymns, &c, 1809, No. 300, in 
5 st. of 6 1., and based on Bom. vi. 25, In 
some collections, st.iii.-v. are given as "Come, 
behold a great expedient," as in the Scottish 
Evang. Union Hymnal, 1878, and the Laudet 
Domini, New York, 1884. [J. J.] 

Death may dissolve my body now. 

J. Watts. [Assurance of Heaven.] 1st pub. 
in his Hymns and 8. Songs, &c., 1707, Bk. i., 
No. 27, in 6 st. or 4 1., and entitled, "Assu- 
rance of Heaven ; or, A Saint prepared to die." 
Its use in its full form, except in America, is 
limited. In Spurgeon's O. O. H. Bk., No. 857, 
" With heavenly weapons I have fought," is 
composed of st ii.-iv., slightly altered. The 
original hymn, with slight alterations in st. v. 
only, was included in the draft of the Scottish 
Translations and Paraphrases, 1745, as No. 
xxxiii. In the authorized issue of the Trans, 
and Pars., 1781, a recast of the original was 
given as No. Iv., " My race is run, my warfare's 
o'er." The alterations were numerous (the 
first line dating from the Draft of 1751) ; and 
in the markings by the eldest daughter of W. 
Cameron (q.v.) are ascribed to him. It must 
be designated, Waits, 1707, S. Tr. and Pars. 
1781, W. Cameron. [J. J.] 

Death steals upon us unawares. T. 

Shepherd. [Death.] In Penitential Cries. 
Began by the Author of tlte Songs of Praise 
[John Mason], And carried on by another 



DEATH ! 'TIS A 

Hand, Lieeixtcd and entered Sept. 12, 1693, 
this hymn appears, as the second of two on 
the " Death of Saints/' It is in 4 at. of 8 1., 
and 1 st. of 4 1., No. xxxvL In Dr. Kennedy's 
Hymno. ChritL, 1863, No. 1478, the first half 
or st. iil is omitted, and the rest of the hymn 
is somewhat extensively altered, and brought 
more in harmony with modem farms and modes 
of expression. The Penitential Cries, together 
witli J. Mason's Songs of Praise, "were reprinted 
by D. Sedgwick in 1859. [J. JJ 

Death! 'tiB a melancholy day. I. 

Watts. TDeath of the Wietted.] Appeared 
in the 1st od. of his Hymn* and 8. Songs, 1707 
(2nd cd 1709, Bk. ii. No. 52), in C si. of 4 1. 
It ib usually abbreviated as in Dr. Hatfield's 
CharchH. Bk, N. Y., 1872. In the Press. Ft. 
& Hyt. for the Worship of God, Richmond, 
U.8.A., 1867, No. 631; "He is a God of 
sovereign love," is from this hymn. (VT. J.] 

Deathless principle, arise. A. M. Top- 
lady, [peath Anticipated.'] This hymn first 
appeared in 

" A Memoir of tome Principal cirewnttancit in ike 
Lift and Death of the Bee. Auguthtt Montague Hbpladji, 
- ~ - -- * "" ' . is 



.Isle Vicar at Broad Hembury, Devon, 
added, written by himself, the Dying Believer's Address 
to his soul, and bis own last Will and Testament. Lon- 
don, Pr. for J. Matthews, 17J8, pt. W." 

On p. 24 of this Memoir we read : 
" Tno following soliloquy, written some years ago by 
Mr. Toplady upon toe death of a valued friend, lias been 
thought so apposite to himself in his own dying hour 
that it la presented without any further apology." 

After a sentence referring to the Emperor 
Hadrian, and his poem, " Animula, vagnla, 
blandula," &C, and a note embodying Pope's 
translation of Hadrian's " Animula," Ate., and 
of "Musonlua* Versus," the poem, "Deathless 
principle, arise" follows, in st. of irregular 
length. It was subsequently shaped into 6 st, 
of 8 1., and in this form is given in D. Sedg- 
wick's reprint of Toplady's Hymn* and Sacred 
Poems, 1860, p. 165. Initsfullformitisfound 
in many collections, bath old and now, but 
usually for private use. In some American col- 
lections a cento is given beginning : " Death- 
less spirit, now arise," as in Dr. Hatfield's 
Church H. Bk., N. Y., 1872, whDst in others, 
as iiengfellow & Johnson's Unitarian Hys. of 
the Spirit, Boston, 1864, there is a second 
cento, « Burst thy shackles ! drop thy clay ! " 

[J. J.] 

Debilia oeasent element* legis. AbU 

Semmtit [The Circumcision,] In tlie revised 
Parit Breviary, 1730, it is the hymn for first 
Vespers on the Feast of the Oircumoision. It 
is also in tho Zyont and other modem French 
Breviaries, and Card. Newman's Hymni Eccle- 
tiae, 1838 and 1865. Tt. as :— 

1. The ancient law depart*. By the compilers 
of B. A. 4 &; 1st appeared in the trial copy of 
that collection, 1859, and again in the 1st ed,, 
1861. It has passed into s few hymnals in G. 
Britain and America, and is sometimes altered. 

I, The Law's weak elements. By the Editors 
of the Hymnary, 1872. It is an arrangement of 
the trs. of I. Williams, 1839, and H. A. $ HI. 

Tranalationa not In 0. U. $-~ 

1. Ye legal elements.* I. William*. IBM, 

2. Let the departing law's wenk factions cease, J. D. 
fHumbtrt, 1857, 



DECK, JAMBS G. 



285 



a. Now ancient shadows fleo. K. Cavnjibdl. In 
Shipley's Annul Scmctui, 1884, from the Qtm^xil JsVSS 

[J.J.] 

DeciUB, TTioolaua (Nicolaus a Caria or 
von Hofe, otherwise Hovescb), seems to have 
been nnative of Hof, in Upper Franconia, 
Bavaria, and to have been originally called 
Tech. He became a monk, and was in 1519 
Probst of the cloister at Steterburg, near 
Wolfenbiittel. Becoming favourable to the 
opinions of Luther, ho left Steterburg in July, 
1522^ and went to Brunswick, wheie he was 
appointed a master in the St. Katlierine and 
Bgidten School. In 1523 iie was invited by 
the burgesses of Stettin to labour there as an 
Evangelical preacher along with Paulus von 
Rhode. He became preacher at the Church 
of St. Nicholas; was probably instituted by 
tlie Town Council in 1526, when von Rhode 
was instituted to St. Jacob's ; and at the 
visitation in 1535 was recognised as pastor of 
Si Nicliolas's. He d. suddenly at Stettin, 
March 21, 1541, with some suspicion of being 
poisoned by his enemies of the Roman Catholic 
faction (M, i. 419-421, 471, 472 ; ii. 483 ; 
Allg. Deutsche Biog., iii. 701-793). 

He seems to have been a popular preacher and a good 
musician. Three hymns are ascribed to him. These 
are versions of the " Sanetus," the " Olorla in cxcelsie," 
and the " Agnus Dei." The second and third are noted 
under these Latin first lines. lie is also sakt to have 
composed or adapted toe melodies set to them. PJ. ]tf.1 

Deck, James George, eldest s. of John 
Deck, of Bury St. Edmunds, was b. in 1802 
and educated for the army, and became an 
officer in the Indian service. Retiring from 
tlie army, and having joined the Plymouth 
Brethren, lie undertook, in 1843, the charge 
of a congregation of that body, at Welling- 
ton, Somerset. In 1852 he went abroad and 
settled in New Zealand. His hymns were 
published in Hymns for the Poor of the 
Flock, 1837-8 ; Psalms and Hymns, &c, Cond., 
Wnlthcr (containing thosu in tho former 
collection), 1842 ; the Wellington Hymn Boolr, 
1857 ; Hymns and Spiritual Songs, I860. Of 
his hymns now in use outside his own denomi- 
nation, the greater part appeared in the 1837-8 
book, and are found in his brother-in-law's 
fDr, Walker's) Cheltenham Pi. & Hys., 1855. 
His compositions are marked by directness of 
aim, simplicity of language, and great earnest- 
ness. The rhythm is good, and an expressive 
tenderness pervades many of them. Although 
dealing mainly with the " Second Advent," 
there are several on other subjects which aro 
of more than average merit. In a collected 
form they were published in his Hymn* and 
Sacred Poems, Melbourne, II. Seelenmeyer, 
1876. The more important of his hymns aro 
annotated under their respeotivo first lines. 
Of the rest we have : — 

i. From Hymns for ttie Poor of the Flock, 
1838. 

1. Behold yon bright and countless throng. AltSaintt. 
Repeated In Maurice's Choral It. £&., 1881. 

2. How long, O Lord our Saviour. Second Advent 
desired. In the JParith H. Bk., 1903 and 1975, this Is 
altered to "How long, O Lord, Btloted." 

3. Jesus, spotless Lamb of God. Good Priday. 

i. Lord Jesus, are we [we are} one with Thee f One 
with Christ. In Walker's Ps. and £yt,, 1855-80, and 
several American hymn-books. 

5, Lord, we are Thine, our God Thou art. One with 
fliiitt, Original ly in 1 at, of i 1., it appeared, in a re- 



286 



DECK, MAttY J. 



written form in a st. in Walker's Ps, and ify*,, 186S, 
«s " Lord, we are Thine, in Tbee we live." 

6, happy day when first tvs felt* The Day of Peace. 

7, Jesus Christ, the Saviour. Jesus All in AW. In 
Walter's Ft. and Uys. it bcgiost "0 Jesus Christ, our 
Saviour." 

8, Jesus, gracious Saviour." Tfti Advocate. 

». O Lord, when we the path retrace. CKriat oar 
i&anple. 

10. O Lord, who now art seated. Christ in fflory. 

11. Saviour, haste ; our soula are waiting. Second Ad- 
vent desired. This is given in Walker's Ft. and Hys., in 
a rewritten form as « Saviour, hasten Thine appearing." 

12. Soon sliall our Master come. Waiting for Christ. 

13. There is a place of endless Joy. Heaven. 

11, Wc'renottif the worldthatfadethaway. CTWsC* 
(Sheep. 
to. When along lift's thorny road. Pnss&mffcle. 

iL From jlmjendi's to tbe 1811 cd. of tho 
.Hymns /or (ft< f*ni)r o/ t/ie Flock. 

10. Lamb of God, onr souls adore Thee. Praise to 
(foist. Somctitncif it bcgiiiB with st.il., "Lamb of God, 
Thy Father's lHisom," 

IT. Lamb or (iod, Tbou now art seated, and Pt. of 
No. IE. 

iii. From Paolms and Hymns, in Two Parte* 
Loud., D. Walthor, 184'2. 

IK Again we meet in Jesus' name. Divine Worship. 

ID. Great Captain of Salvation. Burial. In the 
Irish Church Hymnal, and other collections. 

20. Jesus, Thy name indeed is sweet, Hops of the 
Jtesurrccttan. 

21. O blessed Jesus, Iamb of God. praise to Sews. 

22. O Lsiub of God, still keep me [us]. Chritt'e Pre- 
sence desired. This hymn is somewhat popular in 
America. 

2U. Lord, in nothing would I boast. Christ All in 
All. 

24. Oft we, alas] forget the love. Holy Communion. 

35. The veil is rent! lo, Jesus stand) [our souls draw 
near]. The Intercessor. 

20. Wo bless cur Saviour's name. Thanksgiving for 
Forgiveness. 

iv. From Psnlros and Ifymnt for FuWio 
ami Social Wonhip (Dr. Walker's Coll.), 1853. 

27. Father, to seek Thy face. Public Worthip. 

28. Jesus, [I] wo rest in [on J Tbee. Joy in forgive- 
ness, 

29. Lord, lis joy to look above. Joy in the service 
vf Christ. 

30. Thou hast alood here, Lurd Jesus. Burial. 

31. Twas Tl(y love, O God, that Jcnew us. I'raite to 
Ood. 

32. When first o'ervhelmed with sin and ebame. 
J^coce viith God. 

All these hymns, escept No. 1, are given in 
Dr. Walker's ColU 1855-80, and most of thorn 
are also found in other collections., [J. J.] 

Deck, Mary Jane. [Walker, M, J.] 

Deieanamusgloriam. C. Coffin. [Mon- 
day."] In the revised Paris Brev., 1736, and 
again the same year in bis Hmani Sacri, 
Paris, 1736, p, 11. It is for Mondays at 
Matins. It is also in the Lyont anil jotter 
modorn French Brevs. The text is also in 
Chandler, 1837, p. 143 ; Card. Newman's 
Hymni KccUsiae, 1838-65 ; and Biggs's Anno- 
tated H. A. d> JIT, 1S67. Tn. in C. U, :— 

1. Gome, let mi praise the Kama of Bed, Wile 
spread the lefty akiei. By J. Chandler in his 
Hys. of the Primitive Ch., 1837. It was included 
ill Dr. Oldknow's Hymne, &c, 1850, and others. 
la If. A. #M., 1861, this was altered to "Come, 
let us praise the Name of God, Who on the 
second day," &c, and in this form was repeated 
in other collections. In the revised eel. of It. A. 
$ M., 1875, it was again altered to "Sing we the 
glory of our God." 

S. Glory to God, Who when with light, By J. D, 
Chambers in l't. 1 of his Litiidtt Syon, 1857, p. 
12. This was repeated, with alterations, in 
Kennedy, 1363. 



DEINElt KINDER 

Translation not la 0. IT. : — 

Glory to God on liigli, Upon this, fcc. I. Wiltiamt, 
British Mag., July, ia»4, and Xyt. from Paris Jtrev., 
"WO. [J. J.] 

Del fide qua vivimus. [Lent.] In 
tho 11th cent Durham us,, printed in Lat, 
By». of the Anglo-Saxon Ch., 1851, p. 5!>, 
this is given as a Daily Hymn for Sext in 
Lent, in 4 at. of i I. It is in a ms., c. 890, 
in the Bodleian (Junius, 25 f. 120 b). In tho 
British Museum it is found iti three Msa. of 
the lltU cent. (Hori. 2961 f. 23G; Jul. A. 
vi. f. 44 ; Veep. D. xii f. 48 b). The text is 
also in Daniel, i., No, 65, find in his vol. iv. 
p. 353, readings are added from a Oth cent. 
MS. at Bern, It is tr. by J, D. Chambers 
in his Lauda, Syon, 1837, as "The faith of 
God which we receive." [J. M.] 

Deign this union to approve. W. B. 
CdUyer. [Holy Matrimony.] Appeared in 
his Service* suited to the Solemnisation of 
Matrimony, &c, 1837, No. 8, in 2 st. of 6 1. 
It is given, unaltered, in the Bapt. Hymnal, 
1879. It is also found in a few American 
hymn-hooks, including the Prot. Episco. Ch, 
Bymnal, 1871, 

Delner Kinder Sammelplatss. N. L. 

von ZinzendoTf, [Burial of the Dead.] 1st 
appoared as No. 242 iutho"Zweyter Anhan™ 
bis 1754," to the Kleine Brtider G B„ Lon- 
don, 1754, thus:— 

Deiner Kinder Sammelplats, 
AUgnugsumer lleber Schata I 
Der hat, wie man hat vernomm^n, 
Wieder einea mehr bekomm'n. 
Elne Sscle, ule so da 
Zu den Fussea Josuah 
Welnt* und bate um remiss 
Der vidssitudioSs j 
Die 1st ouf Vocation 
Ansgeraucbt aus threm Thon, 
Von dem Seitenwundenhliu 
ElngeschmeM tn lbrsn Rlti. 
Herae ! weisst do, ivas ich tnocit. 
Was feb denke zu der Sach t 
Hitte mlch msln Herr gefrogt j 
Hatt ich vlellelcht neln gesagt. 
Aber da du nun schon blat. 
Wo dein rechtes PliUgen 1st j 
Ja da hab ich nlchts zn thun, 
Als fcu sehwriaJQ und au ruhn. 
Latnmlein, dieses Mttglied da 
Geht una fretlich sehre nah : 
Aber bist du una nlcht mehr, 
Als das eigne Leoea war / 

This form is quite unsuited for public use. 
ttiough Knapp, in his 1645 ed. of ZinzendorFs 
Oeistliche Lieder, p. 174, Las tried to recast it 
— without much success. It was probably 
written between 1749 and 1753. Lauimann, 
in Koch, viii., 651, however says that it was 
written 1746, on the death and funeral of an 
only brother. In tho Britder O. B. of 1778 it 
waB included as No. 1720, with st. il., iii. 
omitted, and otherwise greatly altered and 
much improved by Christian Gregor, This 
text, whioh begins, "Aller Glaubgen Sam- 
melplatz," is No. 1565 in the Berlin G. L. S, 
ed. 1863, Itis the usual funeral hymn among 
the German-speaking Moravians, and through 
the WUrttemberg O. B. of 1842 {No. 630) has 
become a great favourite in South Germany. 
Thus Koch, vii. 207, relates of Dr. C. G. 
Baith of Calw :— 

" On the 15th of November [1 SftSSJ, according to his own 
desire ho was buried iu the grave of Machtolf [his pre- 



DBNHAM, DAVID 

decessor] at MottHoffen. where also his mother, who had 
died there in 1828, wu at rut, to the strains of the 
hymn, an especial favourite, of bis, ' Alter Giaub'gen 
Saininalpiatz.' " 

An additional verse^ translated by Miss 
Winkworth as st. iii,, is founded on Zinzcn- 
dorfs st. iv., and 1b thus given in Knapp's 
Ev. L. 8., cd. 1850, No. 2895 :— 

" Butt' £r una darob gefragt : 
Ach, wae liatten w&£e&»st ? 
Heies mit Thranen oaten wir : 
' Lass die theure Seels hier!'" 

It lias been tr. as : — 

Chriit will gather in His own, a line tr, from 
the 1778 teit and the St. above, by JHss Wink- 
worth, in her Lyra <rV. t 2nd Series, 1858, p. 120, 
find in her Q. B.for England, 186a, No. 199. It 
wns adopted unaltered as No. 191 in //. A, fy .If., 
1861, and has since been Included in Kennedy, 
1863 ; Chwvh H'js., 1871 } Bapt. Hyl, 1879, and 
others; and in America in the College Ht/l., 
1876; Bapt. Senke of Song, XWl; Evany. Hyl, 
1880, and others. It is given, in a slightly 
altered form, in Putnam's Sinqeri and Songs of 
tAe L^eral Faith, Boston, U. S., 1875, and 
marked as au original hymn by W. C. H. Dall, 

Another tr., from the text of 171B, Is "Alt thesatnia 
will meet on high," In J, D. Burnss Ifcntoir and Be- 
maim, 136», p. m [J. M,] 

Denham, David, b. 1791, was the a. of 
Tlios. Denham, a Baptist minister in the East 
of London. He began to preach when very 
young, and in 1810 became pastor of the 
Baptist Church at Horsell Common. In 1810 
removed to Plymouth, in 1826 to Margate, 
and in 1831 to the Baptist Church in Unicorn 
Yard, Tooley Street, Southwark. Ill-health 
compelled him to resign his charge in London, 
and be sojourned for a time at Cheltenham 
and Oxford. He d. in 1818 at Yeovil, in 
Somerset, find wns buried in Bunhill Fields 
Burial Ground, London, la 1887 be pub. a 
collection of hymns, as : — 

Tie Sainti' Ktlody. A i'evt Selection of upwards of 
One ftoiaand Hymm, Founded upon the Doctrine* of 
DitHnqvAshing Grv£e,and adapted to every part of the 
€%ritt%an't experience and devotion in tke Ordinance! 
of Christ, &c, 1337. TM» edition contained 1026 
hymns. This number was subsequently increased to 
1115 hymns. 

This Selection is still in C. IT. in more tlion 
one hundred congregations in G. Britain and 
the colonics. Denham's hymns, all of which 
are signed "D. Denham," are numerous. 
There is also one, apparently by his wife, 
" Mrs. M. A. Denham." Outside of his own 
Selection his hymns are rarely found. The 
best known is " 'Mid soenes of confusion 
and' creature complaints." [W. B. S J 

Denham, Sir John, only si of Sir John 
Denham, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and 
afterwards Chief Justice of the King'sBench, 
Ireland, b. in Dublin, 1615, and educated 
at Trinity College, Oxford. In 1611 be was 
made governor of Farehom Castle for Charles 
I., and subsequently attended Charles II. in 
his exile, At the Restoration he was rewarded 
for his devotion to the Crown, and created a 
Knight of the Bath, Died in London, 1668, 
and was buried in Westminster Abbey. His 
poem, Cooper's HiU, is well known. The 
manly energy and nervous force of his verse 
was much more popular with Popo and John- 
son and the 18th century school, than it is at 



DHNNY, SIB EDWARD 287 

the present time. His Version of the Psalm* 
wns written about 1668, but not pub. until 
1711. psalters, English, § 12.] [J, J.] 

Denicke, David, s. of B. D. Denidtc, 
Town Judge of Zittau, Saxony, was h. at 
Zittau, January 31, 1663. After studying 
philosophy and law at tho Universities of 
Wittenberg and Jena, he was for a titno tutor 
of law at Konigsberg, and, 1621-28, travelled 
in Holland, England and France, In 1 629 he 
became tutor to the sons of Duke Georg of 
Branswick-Luneburg, and under father and 
sous held various important offices, such as, 
1639, tile direction of the foundation of Burs- 
feld.and in 1612 a member of the Conei story 
at Hannover. He d. at Hannover, April 1, 
1680 (Koch, iii. 237; Bode, p. 58). His 
hymns, which for that time wore in good 
taste, and are simple, useful, warm, and flow- 
ing, appeared in the various Hannovcrtau 
hymn-books, 1616-1 659, which he edited along 
with J. Gesenius (cmj.). All appeared there 
without his name. Those tr. aro: — 

i, Wenn ioh die heilfen lehn debet, Ten Coin- 
mandments. Contributed to the Hannover 0. B,, 
1G52, No. 69, as a hymn on the Ten Command- 
ments, in 22 st. of 4 1., st. i.-i. being a confes- 
sion of sins against them, and st. xi.-xxii. a medi- 
tation and prayer for God's mercy. Included iu 
Criiger'a Praxis jrietatis melica, 1661, in Froyling- 
hauseu's 0, B., 1714, and recently iu a few colls., 
as Sarnighansen's &. B., 1855, No. 1G4, and the 
Ohio O. J}., 1365, No. 182. It is tr. as Almighty 
laid of earth and heaven. By C. H. L. SehnetW, 
as No. 206 in tie Ohio Luth. Hyl., 1880. St, 
i.-iv. are literal ; at. v.-vii. seem based on v., 
vii., xv\., xvii. 

Hymns not in English C. TJ. : — 

ii. Acfc tmur Gotti ioh rnf in dir. [Christian 
Life.] 1st pub. in the Hannover G. B. t 1652, No. 136, in 
nst. This la (r, as^l) "My God! I call upon Thy 
name,"byjfi«a«, 184i,p.ll7. (2) "MoBtnolyGod! 
to thee I cry," by Lad) E. Forteteae, 1843(1847, p. «»)• 

iii, Kommt, lasst euoh den Herrea lehren, 
t The Beatitudes.] 1st pub. in the Hannover O. B., 1618, 
in 11 St., No. 133. It may hsve been suggested by J. 
Hecrmsrut's " KomnK ihr Christen, hommt und horet " 
(t st. in bisSonrapj-wid Fest-Evatt&tlia, Leipiig,i638 ; 
Mtltzell, lBSa, No. S4), but has only 3 lines in common 
with it. In the Nanaberg G. B., 1S76, No. »62, and 
many later hymn-books, It begins : " kommt und Itsse 
uus Jesum lehren." It Is tr. as ** Come and hear out 
blessed Saviour," by J. C.Jatxbi, iT22,p. 46. In his 2nd 
ed., 1T3I, p. 75, altered and bediming "Come, and heir 
the aacrea story," and thence In the Moravian if, Bk., 
1T64, pt. l.,No. 4G0 1 at.x„ xi. beginning, "Jeaus, grant 
mo to inlierlt," being repeated in later eds. and as 
Ho. ass In J. A. Latrobe's Coll., lMt. 

iv, Waa kann ion dooh far Dank. [prat*a and 
T&anktffiving.'} 1st pub. In the Hannover G. B., 1S4P, 
tn S St., No, 1S4, Gt. vll. Is altered from "Horr Jean, 
fQhre ndch,'* by J. Heermann (Devoti Ifiaica Cordis ; 
Brcslau, l«3»i Mtttsell, 185S, No. «l. Tr. as "What 
thanks can I repay i" by J. C. Jacobi, 1)29, p. u 
(1731, p. 1«1. 

v. Wir Vanaonen vein an dam, O Oott, [Holy 
Scripture.'] 1M puS. in the Hannover O. B., 1G5S, K<x 
ISO, InlO St. Foonded on the Gospel for Sexagesima 
Sunday— St. Lukevlli, 4, &c. Tr. as :— (1\ " Give us 
Thy Spirit, Lord, that we," a tr. of st. til. by J. Swcrtner, 
as No. S. in the Moravian II. Bk., 17SS (isau, No. 9). 
(2) " I^t the Bplendour or 'fhy word," a t r. of st. Ix. by 
J. S^'crtner, as No. 15, In the Stbraoian B. Bk., 1733. 
(1880, No. 17). [J. M.] 

Denny, Sir Edward, Bart. Sir Edward 
Denny, s. of Sir K, Denny, 4th baronet, of 
Tralee Castle, County of Kerry, was b. 2 Oct., 
179(5, and succeeded his father in August, 
1831. He is a member of the l'Ujmo\nth 



288 DENNY, SIR EDWARD 

Brethren, and Las contributed largely to their 
hymnody. Hia first publication, in which 
many of his hymns appealed, was A Selec- 
tion of Hymu, Lond. Central Traot DepQt, 
1839. This was followed by Hymn* * Poem*, 
Lond., 1818 (third ed., 1870). He has also 

gublished several prose works. Many of his 
ymns are popular, and are in extensive use 
as : — " A pilgrim through this lonely world " ; 
"Bride of the Lamb, rejoice, rejoice"; "Bright 
with all His crowns of glory " ; " Liglit of the 
lonely pilgrim's heart'' ; " Sweet feast of love 
divine, and several others. In addition to 
these, which are separately annotated, and 
those which ore confined in their use to the 
congregations of the "Brethren," there ore 
also nearly 20 in limited use in G. Britain and 
America. Of these the following appeared, 
first in his Selection of Hymn*, 1839 ; then, in 
the Appendix to Hymns for the Poor of the 
Flock, 1841 ; and then in nU Hymn* APoemt, 
1848-70:— 

1. Break forth. Onrth, in puM*. Praitt for Re- 
demotion. Thie Is given in several collections In 
U. itritdn Mid Amelia. 

C. Children of God, in ell your seed. The Ortat High 
Priest, In limited use. 

1. Children of light, arise and thine. Looking unto 
Aim. IannnMrouebymnBleinG.BritainendAnwrlca. 

(. Children of light! awake, uriko. Advent. This 
hymn is an application of tbe Parable of the Ten Vir- 
gins to tbe Second Gaming of Christ. 

1. Dear Lord, unid th* throng that preaaed. Jhe 
Holy Women at the Crott. The use of this hymn In 
America is eomewhat extensive. 

6. Hop* of oar hearts, Lord, appear. The Second 
Advent dttirtd. In the Hyt. far the Poor of the Flock, 
1831 1 sad the author's Hys. <t Poems, lB48-f 0, and 
varioua collections in Great Britain and America. 

I. Joy to the ransomed earth. Jesus Iht Sing. Its 
tine la limited. 

S. La 'tis th* heavenly army. The Second parent. 
The original of this hymn is In aet.of 101,,andassuch 
it la usually given : but in the People's H., 1861, it Is 
arranged In 4 st. of 8 I., and ia also Bllghtly altered. 

9. gram divine J the Saviour ahed. Good Friday. 
In limited use. 

14. O what a bright and blessed world. The JVfew 
Barth. This bymn is based upon Gen. v. as, as inter- 
preted from a JftUenttial point of view. Christ is 
regarded as tbe Best (tfoah-Rest) of Hia people, and the 
remover of the curse from tbe earth. 

It, Swaetwaa the hour, Lord, to Thee, Christ 
at the well of Sychar. Limited in nee. 

II. Thou vain deceitful world, fartwiD.. Forsaking 
the World for Christ. In several collections. 

15. ThroughleraeralandthaLerdof all. Jfissionto 
the Jews, In addition to ite use tn Its full farm, it la 
also given as: "OZion, when tby-SavlQurcame,"aBln 
Br. Walker's Ps. dt JSfyJ., 1855-71: Snepp'a Songs of 
G. o\ 0., and others. This open* with at. ii. 

It 'Tit flnUh'd aU^-onr soul* to win, Jesus the 
Guide and Friend. In several collections. 

II. 'It* Ha, the Xighty Saviour oemea. Missions. 
Given in Snefp, and one or two others. 

IS. 'Tia night, but the joyful mom. Hope. In a 
few hymnals; atso.begtaning/H'ith'Bt. ii., "Lord of our 
hearts, beloved of Thee," In Dr. Hatfield's Ciltttt* H. 
Bk,. X. Y., -MM. 

IT. T* Calvary, Lord, in Spirit now. Good Friday* 
This la given in aeveral bymnals, including Bpurgeon's 
0. O. B. Bk., lSes, *e. 

The next is in the Selection of 1839, and the 
Hys. & Poems, 1818-70 :— 

IB. O BJeaaad tori, Thy feeble Sheep. Th* Good 
ghqiherd, Ite use le limited. 

The three with which we close are from 
J. G, Deck's P*. * ifjfs., 1842, Pt. ii„ and the 
Hymns * Poem*, 1848-70 :— 

19, Harktothetrumpi behoMitbreiik*. TheBesw- 
rectien. The design of tbl* hynuijji thus dcwrijjod by 



DER GLAUBE BBICHT DUBOH 

the author: "These lines are supposed to be tho utter- 
ance of tbe saints at the bleased moment -when they 
are actually ascending to meet tbe Lord in the air, aa 
described in 1 Cor. xv. Si-sr and 1 These, iv. lfl-18. 
It Is given la several collections." 

80. lalea of the deep, rejoice, rejoice, Missions. 

11. \nier*,UthIawaateunlovdy[andde*eit]world1 
Best far tht Weary. Its use is limited. [J. J.] 

Dent, Caroline, groat-granddaughter of 
John Collet Ryland, and grand-niece of John 
Ryiand (q.v.), was b. Aug. 14th, 1815, at 
Milton, near Northampton, where she still 
resides [1887], In 1854 Miss Dent pnb. 
Thought* & Sketches in Verse. Most of these 
pieces were of her own composition ; and tho 
rest were contributed by her sister, Mrs. Tres- 
trail [TreatrailJ. Tho hymn Jesus, Saviour! 
Thou doet knout (The Sympathy of Jesus) is 
part of a piece of 13 st. by Miss Dent in this 
volume. It is in the Bap. Ps. & Hyt., 1858, 
and the Baptist Hymnal, 1879, &e. 

In 1861 the sisters were Joint authors of a small 
book of consolatory veraa, entitled Our Darling, printed 
for private circulation t and in 186) His* Dent edited 
IV Letters of Jftit *thhmi BoUetton. She has aim 
written Sunshine in the Valley, a Religious Tale (IS58J. 

[W. R. 8.] 

Deny Thee! what, deny the way? 
[Denial of Christ.'] This poem appeared in 
Emma Parr's TAouonis of Peace, 1839, in 4 
parts, Nos. 361-364. and signed "ttH." Of 
these parts i.-iii. are combined and altered in 
Kennedy, 1868, No. 1353, making a hymn of 
5 st. of 8 3. and 1 st of 5 1. Other arrange- 
ments are given in the American Sabb. H. Bk,, 
1858 (4 st. of 4 1.) ; the Bapt. Frai*e Bk., 
N. T, 1871 (2 st. of 4 1.> [W. T. B.] 

Depth of mercy, can there be. C. 

Wesley, [Desiring Mercy and Pardon.J 1st 
pub. in Hyt. & Sac. Poem*, 1740, and headed 
" After a Relapse into Bin," in 13 st. of 4 1, 
P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i.p. 271. Whenin- 
eluded in the Wes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 162, 
st. iii. was omitted, and st viii. was included 
in st. ii., tho result being 6 si of 8 1. This 
arrangement was continued in later editions, 
and has passed into other collections, both in 
G. Britain and America. In Stevenson's 
JfefA. H. Bk., and it* Associations, 1870-83, is 
an interesting and pailietto account of on 
actress and her change of life through the 
instrumentality of this hymn. The account 
has been repeated in many books and in 
various forms. It is of American origin, and 
first appeared, as far as can be traced, in 
Belchers Historical Note* on Hymns and 
Authors. Although possibly true, it lacks 
authentication. No one has yet ventured tosay 
whether the circumstance occurred in O. Bri- 
tain or America, or whether it was in the last 
century or in this. Failing these details, we 
ore not surprised that the names of the town 
and of the actress ore both wanting. [J. 'J J 

TJer Glaube brloht dnrch Btahl raid 
Stein, If. L. von Zintendorf. [Following 
Christ.'] According to the Nachricht to the 
BrSder G. B., 1778, this was written after the 
edict of Jan. 1, 1727, by which Zinzendorf was 
forbidden to hold religious meetings in Dres- 
den. In his Deutsche Gedichte, 1735, p. 124, 
it is, however, dated 1726. It appeared as 
No. 5inthe"AndereZugabe,"c, 1730, to his 
1725-8 Sammlvng mist- and lieblicher Lieder 
(3rd ed., 1731, No, 1059), in 8 st, of 8 J, 



DEB TAG 1ST H1N 

Id the BrSderG. B„ 1778, st. 1, 5, 7, S, altered, 
appear as No. 920, and thence as No. 551 in 
the Berlin <?. L. '&, ed. 1863. In Kuapp's 
ed. of his Gtitffiehe Lieder, 1845, p. 78, omit 
ting st 2-4, Tr. as :— 

01o*y to God, Whose Triton* train. This ap- 
peared aa a hymn in 6 st. based on the 1779 aa 
No. 1062, in the Supplement of 1809 to the 
Moi-oman H. Bk., 1801 ; at, 5 being from " Sollt 
ea gletch bisweilen seheinen" (q. v.\ and was 
continued in later eds. In somewhat varying 
forms it appears in J. A. Latrobe's Coll., 1852, 
No. 135; and in America in the Book of Hye., 
Boston, 1848; Hedge & Huntington's Coll., 
1853 ; D\itch Reformed, 1869 ; Songs for the 
Sanctuary, K. Y., 1865 ; and Laudes Domini, 
1884, [J. M.] 

Der Tag 1st ton, Jffein Oeist und 
Sinn. J. A. Freylinnkavten. [Evening.'] A 
line hymn of longing for the Everlasting Light 
of that better country where there is no 
night 1st pub. as No. 615 in his GeUtreiches 
G. B., 1701, in 14 st of S 1., and thence in 
G rote s ed., 1855, of his OeUUiehe Lieder, p. 
102. It lias passed into many German hymn- 
books, and is included aa No. 1517 in the 
Berlin ft L. 8„ ed. 1868. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

t. She day exjirea ; My tool desires, omitting 
tt It., v., viL-ii., ii., by Miss Winkworth, in 
her Lyra Gcr., 1st Series, 1855, p. 238. Her 
trs. of st. i.-iil., iil., are included in the St. 
John's Uyl., Aberdeen, 1870, No. 200. She 
recast her tr. as No. 168 for her C. B. for 
England, 1863, where it begin*, "The day is 
done, And, left alone." 

tit The day is gone, And left alone, a good tr. t 
omitting st. iv., t., vii.-ii., ii., contributed by 
It. Massie, as No. 504, to the 1857 ed. of 
Mercer's C. P. $ H. Bk. (Oi. ed., No. 22), and 
in the translator's Lyra DomeHica, 18G4, p. 
138. Included in R. Slinton Taylor's Pariah 
Byl, 1872, and in Kennedy, 1863. In Dr. J. 
Patterson's Coll., Glasgow, 1867, No. 391 begins 
'with the tr. of st x., " When shall the day." 

fit The amy depart], Ily Mini and heart, a good 
tr. by Miss Borthwick, omitting st. ii., iv., v., 
vii., ii., in the Family Treasury, 1861, pt. ii., 
p. 298, and thence in the 4th Ser., 1862, of the 
H. L. L. p. 22. In Wilson's Service of Praise, 
1865, the tr. of st viii. and r., and in Jellicoe'a 
Coll., 1867, those of vi., viil., were omitted. 
In Thring's Coll., 1882, her tr. of st vi., viii., x, 
were omitted, and the rest slightly altered. 
The same text is in J. B. Whiting's Coll., 1882. 

TnuUtioiu net in C. T/> :— 

Tbese trt. all omit st. Iv., v., vil, tx., sd,, and are : 
flV'ljO, Bsy is sped I" by B. J. Button, lea, p. M. 
(2) " The day Is gone ; my scut loots on," by Mrs. 
Bewm, isss, p. 49. (S) "The day Is o'er, My soul 
longs sore," by JTin Cox, 186*. p. t». [J. St.] 

Der Tag vergeht, die milde Sonne 
trinket. [Eeening.] Included as No. 2764 in 
Knapp's Ev. L. 8., 16S7, in 6 nt.of4.-l. IV. as :— 

The day ta fane, ths weary sun deeliaine;, in full 
in Dr. H. Mill's flora* Ger., 1845 (ed. 1856, p. 
22), repeated, omitting st. v., as No. 948 in the 
Amer. Luth. Gen. Synod's Coll., 1850. [J. M.] 

Das MorgenB wenn ieh frith aufbteh. 

[Morning or Evening^ Wachernagel, t. p. 42, 
gives two forma, the one from the Geiwiehe 



DESSLEB, WOLFGANG a 289 

Lieder und Padhnen, Leipzig, 1562, the other 
from the Dresden G. B., 1593. The latter, in 

5 st. of 4 1., is included as No, 448 In the 
Unv. L. 8., 1851. 

In the Moravian S. Bk. t \1 se, tbere are three hymns 
which all seem to be intended as trt. of al. 1. These 
are : (l) " Lord Jesus Christ, my life and light," Ne. T4S. 
(21 "Lord Jesus, msy 1 constantly," So. TH. (3) 
" Lord, In the morning when we rise," Mo. Tea. In the 
current ed., 1*86, No. UTS is Noe. 163 and f« ; while 
No. 117* ts Mo. Jt3, with two original st. added, of 
which 11. w« No. lit in 17BB, sad ill. «» Bt. ill. of 
No. HSSinlSOl. [J. M.] 

Descend from heaven, immortal 

Dove. J. Watts. [Christ tit Glory.] 1st 
pub. in his Hymnt & S. Songt, 1707 (2nd ed., 
1709, Book ii., No. 23), in 6 'at. of 4 I. In the 
older collections two arrangements are found, 
the first dating from Whitefleld's Coll., 1753, 
No. 79, and the second from Toplady's Pa. & 
Hys., 1776, No. 367 (later eds. No. 367), the 
lost stanza of the latter being altered from 
Watts, Bk. ii., No. 47, by Toplady. In 
modem hymnals these centos have given 
place to others. The fall and original text 
is rarely found in the hymn-books. [J. J. j 

Descend, immortal Dove. P. Dod- 
dridge. [Whittwntic'-e.] This hymn is No. 
xlvii. in the " d. uss.," jn 4 st, of 4 1. ; is dated 
"Sept 11, 1737," nnd headed, "The love of 
God shed abroad in tho heart by tie Spirit. 
Bom. v. 5." It was included in J. Orion's 
posthumous ed. of Doddridge's Hymm, &c., 
1755, No, 259, and again in J. D. Humphreys's 
ed. of the same, 1839, No. 284. [J. J.] 

Desiere jam, anima,lectulvun aoporU. 

St An*elm of Lucca. [Love to Chritt.'] This 
is a long poem found in U Bigne's Bill. 
Patrvm, Lyons, 1C77, voL xxvii. p. 444, 
under the title of "The Meditations of St 
Ansehn on tho works of our Lord Jesus 
Christ" This title is said to be taken from 
a lis. at Mantua, and the poem is said to have 
been flrst edited by Lucas Wndding. A frag- 
ment, in 28 1., is in Trench's Sacred Latin 
Poetry, ed. 1864, p. 134. This is tr. in Mrs. 
Chnrica's Voice of Christian Life in Song, 
1838, ■>. 175, as " Rise, my soul, from slumber, 
leave the bod of death." Another tr., begin- 
ning with st. iii. in Trenck, Jem mi Aulas- 
aune, Dmnine coalerou, by Dr. H. Kynaston, 
was given in hiB Occasional Vertei, 1862, 
No. 41, in 5 St. of 8 1., and repeated in tho 
People's II., 1S67, and the Jlyrrmaru, 1872. 
It begins, " Jesu, solace of tlie soul." [J. M.] 

Deoaler, "Wolfgang Christoph, s. of 
Nicolaus Dossier, jeweller, at Numbers, was 
b. at Nilmbcrg, Feb. 11, 1660. His father 
wished him to become a goldsmith, but, as 
he was not physically suited for this, he 
was permitted to begin the study of theology 
at tie University of Altdorf. His poverty 
and bodily weakness forced him to leave 
before completing his course, and, return- 
ing to NQrnberg, he supported himself there 
as a proof render. Becoming acquainted 
with Erasmus Fins or Franoisci, then resid- 
ing in Numberg, he was employed by Finzas 
his amanuensis, and at his request translated 
many foreign religious works into German. 
In 1705 he was appointed Conrector of the 
School of the Holy Ghost at Nttrnberg, where 
he laboured with seal nnd acceptance till 



290 DESSLBU, WOLFGANG C. 

1720, when, by a stroke of pajtolysts, he was 
forced to resign. Finally, after an illness 
which lasted about 35 weeks, Jig d. at Niiin- 
berg, March 11, 1722. Of Iris hymns, in all 
over 100, tlie best appeared, many with melo- 
dies by himself, in liia volume of meditations 
entitled : — 

Qottgchtiligter ChritUn nllUlich erget&nde Seel#n- 
luat uH&r den Blumen aStlliehes Worts, Oder andttch* 
tipe Beirachtungen and Gedanken aber uRtcrxchied- 
liehe trltbtterte Schriftspriiche, <fcc. Nurnberg, 1692 
[Berlin] (Koch, ill. 631-53S, and iv. 666-687). 

From this work (the references to which 
liavo been kindly supplied by Dr. Kahn of 
Altdorf, from his copy), five hymns have been 
tr. into English, vis. ; — 

Hymns in English C. U. : — 

i. Ioh Id) dioh niebt, du muast mein Jesus 
bleiben, [Constancy to Christ.'] Founded on 
Genesis xxsii. 36. 1st pub, 1602, as above, p. 
553, along with Meditation iviii., which is en- 
titled " The striving love." Wet set (A. H., vol. 
i., pt. iv., p. 20) says it was sung, at her re- 
quest, Sept. 5, 1726, at the deathbed of Chris- 
tiana Eberhardina, a pious Queen of Poland. In 
the Berlin G. L. &"., ed. 1863, No. 728, in 9 st. 
of 10 1. Translated aa :— 

1 will not lit Thee ffe, Thou Help in time of 
need J a fine tr., beginning with st. iv. (" leu lass 
dieh nicht, du Hillf in alien Nothen"), and 
adding trs. of st. v., is., by Miss Winkwortb, in 
the 1st ser., 1855, of her Lyra Ger., p. 59. 
Thence as No. 851 ia the Wes. H. Bk., 1875; 
No. 205 in the Scottish Bresb, Hymnal, 1876 ; 
No. 189 in the Canadian Presb. H. Bk., 1880. 

Another tr. is, "I leave Tlice not, Thou art my 
Jesus ever," by Dr. J. W. Alexander, 1st pub. in 
Dr. SchaiFs Kirchtttfreund. 1861, p. 146 (reprinted In 
the Christian Trtatury, Edin. 1BS1, p. SH), and In- 
cluded in his Tte Snaking Crucible, fie, N. T., 1S61, 
p. 19, In Schsffs Christ in Song, 1869, p. 6S6. 

ii. Kein Jesu dem die Seraphimm, [Aseennion.] 
Founded on Jeremiah x. 7. 1st pub. 1692, as 
above, p. 318, along with Meditation iii., which 
is entitled " Christ's kingly and unapproachable 
glory." Thence as No. 278 in Freylinghausen's 
G. B., 1704, and recently as No. 422 in the Uhv. 
L. 8., 1851, in 8 St. of 8 ]. Translated as :— • 

1. Jean, "Whose glory's streaming; itfi, n spirited 
tr., omitting st. vii.. viii., by J, Wesley, in Hys. 
<K Sac. Poems, 1739 (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. 
p. 80). In the Wes. H. Bk., 1780, st. i.-iii. 
were included as No. 123 (ed. 1875, No. 133), 
and st. iv.-vi., beginning "Into Thy gracious 
hands I fall," as No. 188 (ed. 1875, No. 196). 
Recently the first part has been given in America 
us No. 64 in H. L. Hastings's Hymna!, 1880, and 
the second as No. 496 in the Meth. Epia. H. Bk., 
1849, and as No. 464 in the Pennsylvania Luth. 
Ch. Bk., 18C8. 

8, O Jesu, lord, enthroned in glory, a good tr. 
of st, i., ii., v., by A. T. Russell, as No, 199 in 
his Be. t> Hys., 1851. 

3, My Jeaus, Whom tho seraph host, a good 
and full tr. by R. Mnasie, for the 1857 ed. of 
Mercer's C. P. & H. Bk., No. 135 (omitted ia 
Oi. ed.), reprinted in the translator's Lyra 
Domestica, 1864, p. 129. 

*. Ky Jeans, if the seraphim, a good and Aill 
tr, 'oy Miss Wink worth in the 2nd series of her 
Lyra Ger., 185S, p. 50 j and thence, unaltered, 
In Schaffs Christ in Sore}, 1869, p. 342, In her 
C, B. for England, 1803) No, 67, st. iv., vii., 



DKSSLEK, WOLFGANG C. 

weiis omitted, and the rest altered in metre ; and 
thence as No, 141 in J. L. Porter's Coll., 1876. 

Other tr». are: (]) "O Jsbu! fore whose radial ion," 
by J. Gambold, is No. 823 in pt. i. of the Moravian 
link., 1154(1386, No. 312). (2) "My Saviour, uhom 
In heavenly places," in J. Sheppard's Fonign Sacred 
Lyre, 1851, p. 78. 

iii. Vie wohl 1st mir, Iwand der Seelan. [ The 
Love of Christ,'] Founded on Canticles viii. 5. 
1st pub. 1G93, an above, p. 154, along with 
Meditation vi., which is entitled "The penitential 
forsaking and embracing." Included as No. 451 
in Freylinghausen's G. B., 1704, and recently as 
No, 438 in the Unv. L. S., 1851, in 6 st. of 
10 t. Launnnnn, iu A*bcA, viii., 243, says of it : — 

"This hymn elites from tlic period when Dessler as s 
youth was residing in Ills native town of Nurnberg in 
ill health. He had given up the occupation of gold- 
smith and set himself to study at Altdorf, hut lack 
of money and of health compelled him to abandon 
this also, lie then maintained himself as a proof reader 
in his native town, became the spiritual son and scholar 
In poesy of Erasmus Francises, in whose powerful 
faith lie found nourishment In his sorrows. Through 
his linguistic attainments, as well as through his hymns, 
he furthered the edification of the Christian populace ; 
and wliat be here sung may liave afforded stimulus to 
himself In the still greater troubles which he afterwards 
had to endure during his conrectorshlp, and finally in his 
last thirty-five weeks illness." 

Fitcher (ii. 391) calls it— 

"One of the finest hymns of Pietism, that has pro* 
duced many blessed effects, and has been the model and 
incitement to many hymns of like character," 

It is tr. as; — 

1, How welt am I, Thau my soul's lover, in full 
as No. G21 inpt. i. of the jlforaui'an II. -Bi., 1754. 
Greatly altered, and omitting st. ii., v., as No. 
295 in the Moravian H, Bk., 1789, beginning, 
" How blest am I, most gracious Saviour," and 
continued thus in later eds. In 1840 Dr. Har- 
tineau included a hymn in 4 st. of 4 ]., begin- 
ning, " What comforts, Lord, to those are given," 
as No. 294 in his Hymns, &c. (ed. 1873, No. 884). 
Of this st. i., ii. are bused on st. i., St. iii. on 
st. ii., and st, iv. on st. iii. of the 1789. 

3. O Lord, how happy is the time, a somewhat 
free (*■. of st. i.-v., with st. i., slightly varied, re- 
peated as st, vi., by Grevilie Matheson. Con- 
tributed to the H. 4- Sacred &n,7B, Manchester, 
1855 (ed. 1856, No. 226), repeated in the Sunday 
Zfagazino, 1872, p. 741, and in Dr. G. Mac- 
donald's Threefold Cord, 1833, p. 38. In the H. 
for the Sick Jioom, N. Y., 1859 (1861, p. 70), and 
H. of the Ages, 3rd Series, Bostou, U.S., 1861, 
p. 233, it is considerably altered. This text is 
given in SehafTs Christ in Song, 1869, p. 491, 
further altered, and beginning *' O Friend of 
sohIb! how blest the time " ; Miss Wink worth's 
tr. of st. v., altered, being substituted for Mr. 
Matheson's. In the Mctk. Epis. Hymnal, 1878, 
No. 613, is St. i., ii., v. of SehafTs text. 

3. Triond of Bonis, how well is me, a good tr. 
omitting st. iii, by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra 
Ger., 1st Series, 1855, p. 147 From this 1. 1-1 
of st. i., iii., v., altered, were taken as No. 513 
in H. of thi Spirit, Boston, U.S., 1864, 

Another la: "Tlswell with me, O Friend unfailing,™ 
by Miss Burlingham in the British JftraW, Dec. 186*, 
p. 185, repeated aa No. 396 in Keld'a Praia M., 1812. 

Hyani not in English 0. V, ; — 

iv, Frbah, friaoh hinnaoh, msiiv Oeift and Ben, 
[Ootiond OnuolaM™.] Founded on Heb. x., 38. 1st 
pub. 1692 as above, p. 423, In 7 Bt. It is tr. as " Courage, 
my heart, press cheerly on," by Hiss Winkworth, 1869, 
p- an. 



DEUS CBEATOIt OMNIUM 

v. Oeffiu mit die Ferlenjforten. |7,oHoi*iifi /»r 
Beanoi.] Founded on Kev. xill, H. 1st pub. 169a as 
above, p. 33J, in G st. It is tr. as "Now the nearly 
gates unfold,'' by Miss Winkworth, 185$, p. 116. 

[J. M.] 

Dens Creator omnium Polique 
rector. St. Ambroie. [Saturday Evening^ 
Bt AoguHtinc in his Confu&ions, Bk. is., 
refers thus to this hymn :— 

" And behold, the corpse [of his mother] was carried 
to the burial ; we weat and returned without tears , . , 
It seemed also good to me to go and bathe, having heard 
that the batb bad its name (balneum. 1 ) from the Greek 
BftAmtiw, for that It drives sadness from the mind. 
Arid this also 1 confess unto Thy mercy, Father of the 
fatherless, that I bathed, and was the same as before L 
bathed. For the bitterness of sorrow could nut exude 
out of my heart. Then I slept, and woke up again, and 
found my grief not a little softened ; and as 1 was alone 
in my bed, I remembered those true verses of Thy 
Ambrose. For Thou art the 
** Maker of all, the Lord, 
And Ruler of the height, 
Who, robing day in light, hast poured 
Soft slumbers o er tlie night, 

That to our Umba the power 
Of toil may be reuew'd, 
And hearts be rais'd that sink and cover 
And sorrow be subdu'd." 
[Jne Coirfatbmt ofSt. Augustine. Oxford : J. Parker- 
Mew ed. latl, p. 195J < 

'St Augustine also speaks in hie De JiWiaf, 
Lib. vL o. 9, of ringing the Terse " Dens 
Creator omnium," The authorship and date 
[310-397] of this hymn as thus authenticated, 
liove never been disputed. 

The popularity of this hymn is seen In the fact that It 
Is found fa ill the greater Breviaries, the Annan lesa and 
Paris at 1736 excepted, its English uss being specially 
marked. Its general use fs on Saturdays from that 
preceding the 1st Sun. after the Octave of the Epiphany, 
to the Saturday before Quadragesima Sunday, batb in* 
elusive i and from the Saturday precsdlng ths 1st Sun. 
in August to Advent. Variations from this are found 
la the Swum, Mozardbic, rone, &c. It is in a lis., 
c. TOO, In the Britieh Xuwutn (Vesp. A. l, f. isa b), and 
Tbomaelus, 11. 410, gives readings from two Vatican uss. 
of the 8th cent. It is also in three ass. of the 11th 
cent, tn the British Kutcwst (Jul. A. vl. ; Vesp. D. 
sit. j Hart. SMI), and In the Latin B&t, a/ Me Aug to- 
Sax&l Chureht 1861, is printed from an 1 1th cent. ms. 
at IJurham. Text is in Mane, Mo. SSI ; Danid, 1. 
Mo. 13, with cotes at ii. p. ssi, and iv, p. i j flytwn. 
Sorts?, text and readings; Waclarnagel and Hac@iXl 
text only. The text is also in Migne, torn. 86, c. 024, 
and the Benedictine ed. of St. Ambrose's Worlet. 

[W. A. S.] 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Baker of all things, God most high. By J. D. 
Chambers. 1st pub. in his Order for Household 
Decation, 1854, and again in his Zauda 8j/<m, 
1857, p. 55, in 8 st. of 4 i. In 1862 it was 
included in the Appendix to the If. 2?oled, 
No. 115 ; in 1867 in the People's H. ; in Dr. Mar- 
tiueau's Hys. of Praise # Prayer (abbreviated), 
1873; nnd in other hymn-books. In the Hytn- 
nary, 1872, it is altered to "0 bleat Creator, God 
Most High." 

Translations net in 0, IF, : — 

1. Creator of all ! through Whose all-seeing Might. 
Hymnarium AngHcaaum,. 1844. 

1. Creator of the starry pole, God of all worlds, lee. 
W. /. Oomland. 1843. 

a. Lord of the farendrcting globe. W. J. Blew. 
1S6S5-5B. 

4. Maker of all, O Lord and God must High. J. W. 
ffeuxtt. 1SS9. 

5. O God, ■Whoclotbed, Creator wise. Dr. B. Mynat- 
ton. 1862. 

6. Maker of all ! Thou Ood of love. Dr. H. X. 
JtatgSO. 1B7G-9. 

A portion of this hymn beginning with st. v., 
"Ut cum profunda chuusrit," Las Decn tr. by 



DEUS IGNEE PONS 



291 



Dr. Kynaston in liis Occasional Hys., 1S62, 
No. 81, as a separate hymn, beginning " M'ith 
darkest clouds while daylight's dearth." [J. J.] 

Deus ignse fons animarum, A. C. 

Frudentins. [Burial of the Dead.} This 
beautiful poem, in 44 st. of 4 1., is No. x. in 
his Catkemerinon, and may he found in all 
editions of his woiks, e.g. Deveiiter, 1490, 
Lond., 1821, &c. It is also in a ms, of tlio 
5th cent in the Bibl. Nat, Paris (8084, f. 32b), 
and in n Mozarabic Office Book of Iltli cent, 
in tlio British Museum (Add. 30S51, f. ICO). 
Its litnrgioal nee has been limited, but in tlio 
Mozarabic Breviary (Toledo, 1502, f. 3136) it 
is given in the Office for the Dead. The 
full text is in Wackenmgel, i., No. 40, and 
a, part in Daniel, i., No. 115, pt. ii. 

The form which has been most used is a 
cento beginning: Jim moesta quiescs querela, 
and consisting of st. 31, 15, 10-12, 32-36. 
This is found in Babst's Cf. B., Leipzig, 
1545, and many later collections, e.g. Dr. 
Zahn's Psalter und Harfe, Giitereloh, 1S8G, 
No. 480, and in Daniel, i„ No. 115, pt. i. It 
was for generations a favourite funeral hymn 
among the Lutherans, and was sung in Latin 
in some parts of Germany till very recent 
times. Abp. Trench, in giving st 31-44 in 
his Sac. LaJ. Poetry, speaks of them as the 
" crowning jtlory of the poetry of Pradentins." 
It has been It. into English direct from the 
Latin, and also through the German as fol- 
!ows : — 

i. From the Latin : — 

1, Why wesp ys, living brotherhood. By W. J. 
Blew, in The Church liy. r/ Tune Bk., 1852- 
55, in 5 st. of 61., and again in H. Rice's 
Hymns, tie., 1870. 

5. Cease, ye tearful mourners. By E. Caswsii, 
in his Masque of Mwy, &c, 1858, in 13 st. of 
4 1., aud again in his Ifys. fy Poems, 1873. It 
was repeated in au abridged form in the 18G2 
Appx. to the N. Noted; and in the flymnary, 
1872. 

B. Be silent, O sad lamentation. By R. P. 
Littledale in the People's H., 1S67, ander the 
signature of " A L. P, 1 * 

Otlur trs, are: — 

1. Ab! hush now your mournful complainings. 
Mrs. Charlet. 13S8. 

2. rTow your sorrowful plaints should be bueb'd. 
J. W.Htwtit. 1859. 

3. Hoeb, Mother, too loud Is tby weeping. H. Mynas- 
bm. 1S01. 

4. No more, ab, no more sod complaining. E. A. 
IVaahbum, K. York, 1885, revised for SchaJFs Christ in 
Stonff, Oct., 1869, and pub, therein, lae9. 

6, Each 60rrov.ful mourner be silent. 3. M. Neate, 
in the St. Margaret's Hymnal, 19V5. 

ii. From tlie German ;— 

Of the " Jam moesta quiesco querela " 
many trs. hare been made into German. 
Two of these have passed into English : — 

L Hart auf mlt Trouern und Klagen. A free 
tr. in 10 st. of i 1, 1st pub. in J. Eiclwru's 
GeistlicJie Lieder, Frankfnrt a. Oder, 1361, and 
thence in Wac!.wnagcl, iv. p. 191. Repeated in 
many later collections, often erroneously nsoribed 
to Nicolnus' Hermann as in Bunseus Versuc/i, 
1833, No. S32. IV-. as :— 

O weep not, mourn not o'er this bier. A good 
and full version by Miss Winkwoith in the ljt 
«r. of her Lyra Gcr., 1855, p. 249. In her 2nd 



292 



DEU8 FATEH PIISSIME 



cd., 1856, p. 251, it is altered, and begins : "Now 
hush your cries, and shed no tear," and repeated 
thus in nor C. B. for England, 1863, No. 97. 
Also in Ps. # Hye., Bedford, 1859, No. 269, 
and tha Rugby School H. B., 1866, No. 208. 

U, Nun laart m den Ltib begrslieti. This ver- 
sion has go little from the Latin that it is noted 
under its own firet line (q,. v.). [J. M.] 

Deus Pater ptUaime. [Saturday Even- 
ing.] This hymn occurs as a vesper hymn 
for tho Saturday before the 3rd Sunday in 
Lent to Passion Sunday, in a Me. Breviary, 
written about tho 14th century, formerly 
belonging to the Monastery of Evesham 
(MS. Barlow, Ho, 41, in the Bodleian Li- 
brary at Oxford). It is also in a 12th cent, 
ws. in the British Muteum (Hari. 2928, f. 
115 h.\ and in a Bodleian us. of the 13th 
cent. (Ashmole 1285, f. 38), In 1851 it -was 
given in the tfymnarlum Sarisburieme, p. 73. 
Tr. as :— 

Ood, Path™ kind and lest. By J. D. 
Chambers, in his Companion to the Holy Com- 
munion, 1855, and his Lauda Syon, 1857, p. 139, 
in € st. of 4 3. It is repeated in the Appendix 
to the Hymnal JK, 1863, and in Skinner's Daily 
Service Hymnal, 1864. [W. A. 8.] 

Deua taoFum militum, [.Feasts of 
MartyriJ} This anonymous Ambrosian hymn 
is in two forms, one in 32 lines and tbe second 
in 16 lines. It dates probably from tho 6th 
cent. The question as to what was the 
original form of tho hymn has not been 
determined. Dowel'* (i,, No. 97) heading of 
the texts (both forms) is " Do Communi 
unius Martyris," and he remarks that the 
hymns for the Common of Saint* aro nearly 
always of greater length in old and un- 
altered Breviaries than in those which are 
of more recent date, or which have been 
revised. The older hymns having reference 
to some particular saint, certain stanzas 
ore afterwards cut out to make the hymn 
suitable for general use. If this view be 
taken of the present hymn, then the longer 
form is the original, and the shorter form 
given in the Breviaries is an abbreviation 
therefrom. Against this conclusion there 
are two facta, the first that the lines in tho 
fuller form, which are not given in the 
Breviaries, do not apply to any special 
martyr, and second, that the oldest form in 
which we now have the hymn is (omitting the 
doxology) in 16 lines. This form, with slight 
variations in the text, is in the Motarabie 
Brett. (Toledo, 1502, 317 b); in a 10th cent 
us. at Munich, where it is adapted for the 
Nativity of St, Laurence, quoted by Mone, 
No. 740 : and in the Latin Hyt. of the Anglo- 
Saxon Cfturaft, Surtees Soc., 1851, from an 
11th cent, us, at Durham. This would sug- 
gest that the shorter form of the hymn is 
the older of the two. As tbe translations 
into English ore generally from the Bom. 
Brer., it may be noted that this is the 
shorter form, with slight variations in lines 6, 
7 and 11, This hymn is also found in four 
use, of the 11th cent, in the British Muteum 
(Jul. A. vi. f. 66; Vesp. D. xii„ f. 107; Harl. 
2961, f. 248b; Add. 30851, f. 153 b.). For 
texts, readings, references, &c, see Migne, 



AETTE TEAETTAION 

Daniel, Mone ; Cardinal Newman's Hymni 
Meelesiae, 1838 and 1865 ; Wacbernagd, and 
the various Breviaries. [W. A. SJ 

Translations in C. U. ; 

1. Thou of all Thy warriors, Lord. By E. 
Caswall, in his Lyra Cathdica, 1849, in 5 st. 
of 4 1., and his Hyrnm, 4c, 1873, p. 110, This 
was given with alterations in Murray's Hymnal, 
1852, and later collections, and without altera- 
tions in several Roman Catholic hymn-hooks, 

S. God, the Christian wldltrs' Might, By R. 
Campbell. 1st pub, in bis St. Andrevm Hymnal, 
1850, p. 97. A part of this is also embodied fa 
No. 397 of the Hymnary, 1872. 

8. God, Th; soldiers' outwit and Gawd, By 
J. H. Neale, in tho Hymnal 2i., 1852-54, and 
later editions. In H. A. $ M., 1861-75, it is 
altered to "O God, Thy soldiers' great Re- 
ward." This is repeated in other collections. 

4. Of all Thy warrior Saints, Lofd, By J. D. 
Chambers, given in his Lauda Si/on, Ft. ii., 186Q, 
p. 12, and repeated in the People's H., 18C7. 

a. God, Thy soldier*' Crown. By H. W. 
Beadon. 1st pnb. in the Parish H. Si., 1863, 
No. 193, in the same collection, 1875, and in 
the Ifymnary, 1872, where it reads, " O Christ, 
Thy soldiers' Crown." 

8. God, the Christian soldiers 1 Might. This, 
as given in the Hymnary, 1872, No. 397, is a 
cento from Campbell, Neale, and Chambers, with 
alterations by the editors. 

7. God, of all Thy Saintly host. By W. J. 
Irons, in his Ps. $ Hyt. for the Church, 1875. 

8, In addition to the above, Nos. 17 and 93 
in the Hymner, 1882, are centos from Chambers 
$ Seals, and the first two lines of No. 27 in 
Chope's Hymnal are the opening lines of Nettle's 
tr., the rest being from another source. 

Translations not in C, IT. : — - 
1, Of Thy true soldiers, mighty Lord. W. J. Ope- 
land. 1848, 
3. O God of Thy soldiers. Card. JVewmon. 1BSS, 
a, O. God, Thy soldiers' crown. W. J. Blew. 18W-W. 
i. God of Thy soldiers. J. W. Btwett. 18E>9. 

[J. J.] 

Aevre ffaravres irurrol. St. Tkeo- 
pkanes. Prom the Triodion — " Idiomcla on 
Friday of Tyrophagua, that is, of Quinqna- 
gegirna.' 

" At this period of the year the weeks are named, not 
from the Sundays that precede, bat from ttiofie that 
follow them. Qnlnquagesliiia is termed Tyrophagus 



because up to that time, hot not beyond, cheese is 
allowed. The Friday previous la appropriated to tha 
Commemoration of All Holy Ascetes^ in" order, as tbe 



Synaxerton says, that, by the remembrance of their 
conflict, we may be invigorated for toe race that is set 
before us." My*, cf Eaitern <&., let ed„ 1863, p. os. 

To the above explanation Dr. Neale adds 
the tr. " Hither, and with one accord." In 
this tr. the length of strophe, the variation of 
refrain, and tie alert cheering call aTe as in 
tbe original, hnt it lacks the nervous style 
and ornate diction of St Theophanes. [J, J,] 

Aevre iro'/ws triwfiev. C"a«utt<(o-«« 

Aevre Te\evraiov atnraafiiov SoV 
fiev. [Burial.'] Dr. Neale prefaces his trans- 
lation of " The Stichera of the Last Kiss," 
with the following note : — 

"The following 5tlcbera,«-hicb an generally, (though 
without any great cause,) attributed to St. Jo'hu llama- 



DEXTER, HENRY M. 

■one, form, perhaps, one of the most striking portions 
of the service of the Eastern Church. They are sung 
towards tbe conclusion of tbe Funeral Office, whilst the 
Mends and relations ore, in turn, Visaing the corpse ; 
the priest does eo laet of all. Immediately afterwards, 
it la borne to the grave , the priest casts the first earth 
on the coffin, with the words ' The earth Is the Lord's, 
and all that therein Is: the compass of the world, and 
they that dwell therein.' " Byt. o/ tke M. C, 1st ed., 
WW, p. SO ; tth ed., 18SS, p. «. 

The original is found in the Burial Office 
of the Greek Church, in the Euchofogion, in 
13 st. Of these Or, Neale has omitted st 
vi. (which is very similar to vii.) f ix., x., and 
the Theotosion address to the B. V. M. Tlie 
last stanza is supposed to be spoken by the 
dead, is of double length, as in Nettle, and 
is song to & different tone. Or, Neale's tr. is, 
"Take the last kiss, — the last for ever I" and 
was pub., with the introductory note, in The 
Eocksiaatia and Theologian, Aug., 1853 (vol. 
xv. p. 346), and again in his Hys.of the IS. C, 
1862. It is not in common use. (jBee Greek 
Qyauudv, g xvii. 2, and Daniel, iii, p, 125.) 
The original is given iu BSsder, No, 18, 
together with a tr. into German ; and in the 
4th ed. of Dr. Neale's fly*, of the E. C, 1882, 
Mr. HatUerly bos given a prose tr. of the 
stanzas omitted by Dr. Neale, [J. J.] 

Dexter, Henry Martyn, d.d., b. at 
Flympton, Mass., Aug. 13, 1821, and edu- 
cated at Yale College, and Audover. In 1844 
he was ordained Pastor of a Congregational 
Church at Manchester, New Haven. Iu 1849 
he removed to the Berkeley Street Congrega- 
tional Church, Boston, where he remained 
until his appointment as Editor of the Con- 
gregatiowtlwt, in 1867, Dr. Dexter is tho 
translator of iTiftwr niXuv ("Shepherd of 
tender youth") [see Clement, TltnaT, in C. U. 
in G. Britain and America. [F. M. B/j 

Dich, Jesu, loben wir. J. Scheffler. 
[The Praites of Jews.] Appeared as No. 118 
in Bk. iii. of his Heiligs Seelenhist, Breslau, 
1697, p. 376 (Werke, 1862, i. p. 196), iu IS 
st. of 6 L, entitled, " She [the soul] sings Him 
a song of praise." Included as No. 687 in 
Freylingbansen's &. B., 1705, and as No. 24a 
in Knaup'e E». L. &, 1850. Tr. as :— 

Then, Jean, art our Zing. A fine and fnll 
rendering by J. Wesley, in Ps. $ i?Vs.,1738, and 
ff. r? Sacred Poems, 1739 (P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. i, p. 155). Included as No. 142 in the 
Moravian ff. Bi„ 1742 (1886,-No. 051), omitting 
st. 10 ; seven st. of the 1826 teit being in- 
cluded in J. A. Latrobe's Cod., 1841, No. 42. 
It appeared in full as No. 45 in the Wesley ff. 4 
Spiritual Songs, 1753, but was not included in 
the Wes. H. Bk. till the new ed., 1875, No. 737, 
omitting st. x. Six st. appeared in M. MadAn's 
Coll., 1760; seven in the Wesley Association 
H. Bk., 1838 ; three in Maurice's Choral ff. Bk., 
1661 ; and fire in the ifeth. N. Connexion It. 
Bk., 18G3. [J. M.] 

DieimuB grates tfbi, summe reirunx, 
Pkilipp Melanehthon. [On the AngeUA 1st 
appeared as No. 1 of De Angelis Duo Ilymni, 
Wittenberg, 1543, in 10 st. of 4 1., and there 
dated Sept. 27, 1543. {Blatter /fir Hymnotyie, 
1886, p. 27); again in the Psalterium Davidit, 
Wittenberg, 1544; the Corpus Peformatonun, 
vol. x.,col. 584, Halle, 1842, and Wacliernagel, 
i. p. 268, in 11 Bt. This passed into English 



DIE OIERUM PRINCIPE. 293 

through Herr Oett, dioh loben alls wir, a free 
tr. by P. Eber, first printed separately at 
Nurnberg, c. 1554, as Ein *ehSn New deist- 
Ueh Lobgesang, tlken in J. Eichorn's G. B., 
Frankfurt a. Oder, 1561 ; in Wackernagei, iv. 
p. 3, in 13 st. In the Vnv. L. S„ 1851, 
No, 204, the text of 1561 is given, omitting 
the doxology. The only tr. in O. V. is : — 

Lerd Bod, we all give praise to The*, in full, by 
E. Cronenwett, as No. 122 in the Ohio Lath, 
ffyl., 1880. 

Other tmntlatbns are : (i) « To God let all the 
human race," by J. C. .rocooi, 17X2, p. 2s, repeated lit 
the X&ravian S. Bk., US4, and continued, altered, In 
later eda. (J) " O Lord our God I to Thee we raise. One 
universal," by Jfin Fry, ists.p, isi [J, M.] 

Dickinson, William, pub. in 1846:— 
Hymns for Passion Week and the Forty Says, 
Adapted for Ghurehm or for Private Wor- 
ship, Lond., J. Nisbet £ Co., 1846. These 
hymnn deal with such events in tho history of 
Our Lord, as "The Alabaster Box"; "The 
Barren Fig Tree " ; " The Cleansing of tho 
Temple"; "The washing of the Disciples* 
feet," &c. ; and with the Parables of " The 
Wedding garment"; "The Talents," Ac, 
which are not commonly versified, and are 
* worthy of attention. The following have 
come into C. U. : — 

1. CtOm'd each Mtul, ani elea'd each door, Waiter- 
day at Seen. This Is In the Bvgby Sckonl n, Bk., 1818 ; 
and as " Calm they sit with closed door/' in A'enfledy, 
1B6J; and Holy Sana, 18S9. 

2. Erethat aolenmhaurefdoom. TfteTtoi Virffins— 
Advent. In Kennedy, lti&J ; and the Haaby School 
II. Bk., 181*. 

3. Hallelujah, who ahall part! Pcrwerance of the 
Saintt. In several collections, including 8nurgcon'a 
0. O. If. M., 186C, Co. [J, J.] 

Dickson, David, the reputed author of 
"Jerusalem, my happy homo," iu the form of 
"O mother dear, Jerusalem," was a Scottish 
Presbyterian Minister born at Glasgow in 
1583, and for some time Professor of Divinity 
at Glasgow (1610), and then (1650) in tlie 
University of Edinburgh. He was deprived of 
his office nt the Restoration for refusing tbe 
Oath of Supremaoy, and d. in 1663. His lAfe 
was pub. by Robert Wodrow iu 1726. His 
connection with the Jerasttlem, hymn is given 
under Jerusalem, my happy home, q.v. [J. J.] 

Dickson, William, eldest surviving son 
of tha late James Dickson, Edinburgh, was 
b. at Edinburgh, July 24, 1817. After be- 
ing educated at the High School and Uni- 
versity of Edinburgh, he entered bis father's 
business, which he still [1887] carries on. 
He is a prominent elder in tlie Free Chiirch, 
has for many years taken a great interest in 
Sabbath School work, and has for more than 
30 years edited The Free Chwrth Children'* 
Record. He has annually written a. New 
Year's hymn since 1842. " Childhood's years 
are passing o'er us," hie best known hymn, 
originally printed in 1341, as a leaflet for 
class use, was, in 1846, included in the 2nd 
part of the Sacred Song Book (seo Batsman), 
and has since been included in many hymnals. 

[J. M.] 

Die dieram prinoipe. C. Coffin. 
[Sunday Morning,'] Included iu the revised 
Paris Breviary, 17SC, as the hymn for Sunday 
at Matins, and republished in tho same year 



294 



DIB GULDNE SONNE 



in the author's Hymni Saeri, p. 7, in 6 at of 
4 1. It is also in the Lycra and several modem 
French Breviaries. The orig. text is given 
in Chandler's Hyt. ofthe Prim. Ch., 1837, No, 
1 ; Card. Newman's Mymni EecUiiae, 1838-65, 
No. 1 ; and MacgiU's Song* of the Christian 
Creed- and Lift, 1876-7, No, 12. [W, A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Horn of morn, and day of days. By I. Wil- 
liams. 1st pub, in the British Mag., April, 
1837, and again in his Ilys. tr. from the Parisian 
Breviary, 1839, p. 1, in 28 1. In 1861 the com- 
pilers of II. A. $ M., rearranged it into 7 fit, of 
4 !., introducing also many alterations. This 
arrangement has passed into various collections, 
with at times the omission of st. iv. It is the 
most widely used tr, of this hymn. 

S. This is the day the light was. made. By J. 
Chandler. 1st pub. in his Hymns of the Church 
mostly primitive, 1841, as a distinct tr. from 
"The first of days the light beheld," which was 
given in his Hymns of the Prim, Ch,, 1837. In 
1850 it was included in Dr. Hook's Church S. S, 
H. Bk., Ko. 19. Later hymnals, quoting from 
Dr. Hook's Coll., have in some instances attri- 
buted the tr. to him. It is found in Kennedy, 
The tfymnary, Sirs. Brock's Children's H. Bk., 
and others. , 

3. Morn of menu, the beet and first, By J. 
Ellerton, baaed partly on I. Williams, as above, 
written in 1870, and pab, in Ch. Hymns, 1871, 
No. 36. Its use is limited. 

4. Day of joy, when first tho light. By W. 
Cooke, made for and 1st pub. in the Hymnary, 
1871-2, No. 5. 

Translations net in 0, V, '.— 

i. The first of days the light beheld. /. Chandler. 
1B3T. 

• 2. Day of days tlie prince, on thee. W. J. Etta, 
I6S2-6S. 

3. Jay of earthly days the chief. J, D. Chambers. 
issl. 

t. Tills day— (he king of days, beaven-l»m. H. 
Itocgill. 18)6-1. [J. J,] 

Die giildnfi Sonus. P. Gerhardt, 
[Morning.'] Lauimann, in Koclt, viii. 185, calls 
this " A splendid hynin of our poet, golden as 
the sun going forth in his beauty, full of force 
and of blessed peace in the Lord, full of 
sparkling thoughts of God." It first appeared 
as No. 25 in the Britte Dufoet, Berlin, 
1(566, of Ebeling/s ed, of his Geistliehe An- 
dachien, in 12 st. of 10 I., entitled " Morning 
Blessing." In tho cds. of llis Geistliehe 
Lieder, by Wackemngel, No. 98, and by 
Baclimann, No. 101. Intruded in J. Cruger*s 
Praxis pietatis meliea, 1672, and later eds., 
and recently as No. 449 in tlie Unv. L. 8., 
1851. Tlie beautiful melody {in thoJWsft Ch. 
Hyl,, called "Pranoonio") is by Ebelhig, and 
appeared with the hymn 1666, as above. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. The golden sunbeams with their joyous 
gleams. Atr.ofst. i.-iv., viii., ii., iii,, by Miss 
Wink wot th in her Lyra Ger., 1st Series, 1855, 
p. 314, repeated, omitting the trs. of st, ii,, viii., 
is., as Ho. 814, in Kennedy, 1863. 

2. Evening and Morning, A very good tr. be- 
ginning with st. iv. ("Abend und Morgen "),nnd 
being st, iv,, viil.-iii., contributed by It. Mussie, 
as No. 500, to the 1857 ed. of Jlercer's <7. P. 
4 11. Bk. This form is included, in whole or 
part, in the Irish Ch. HyL- 1873, No, 8 ; Allen's 



DIBS EST LAETHIAE 

Sappl. Hye., No. 218; N. Cong., No. 1195 ; J. 
L Porter's Coll, No. 100; Martineau's Coll., 
No. 425; Border's Cong. Hyl„ No. 556, &c. Be- 
ginning with the tr. of st. ii. (" Gott, nieine 
Krone ") as *' Father, O hear me, it is included 
as No. 636 in Kennedy, 1863, and the same in 
Mercer's. Ox. ed., 1864, No. 384. Mr. Massie 
included it, prefixing trs. of st. i.-iii. t which 
begin, "Golden and glorious," in his Lyra Do* 
mestica, 1864, p. 106, and this full form is re- 
peated as No. 379 in Eeid's Praise B/i., 1872. 

Translations not in 0, V, ; — 

(11 "The sun's golden beams," by Xiti Dunn, 1867. 
p. 21. (21 " Sunbeams all golden," by Mist Cox, 1864, 
p, 13. (3) " Wh&t is our mortal race" (beginning with 
st. vii.^by^. JUasiie, l»se,p, 81. (i) "fee the sun'a 
glorious light," by E. Jfasixe, 18BT. p. 3. (5) •■ The 
golden morutng," by J. Kelly, 180J, p. SJJ0. [J. M,] 

Die parent* temporum. [Sunday Morn- 
ing] This hymn is given in the Breviary of 
the Diocese of he Mane, 1748, Pari KiemaUs, 
p. i, as tho hymn on Sunday at Noctums from 
Whitsuntide to Advent. Text in Dr. Neate's 
ffymni Eeclesiae, 1851, p. 20. [W. A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U, : — 

1, On this day, the first of days. By Sir H. W. 
Baker. IV. for and 1st pub. in H. A. 4~ M., 
1861, in 7 st. of 4 1. It was, so far as is known, 
the first tr. into English of this hymn. It is 
given in several hymn-books. In the Ilys. and 
Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874, st. v.-vii. are given 
as: " Father, Who didst fashion me." 

3. To-day when time began it* course, By R. F. 
Littledalo, was given in the People's II., for 
which it was made, in 1867, No. 421, with the 
signature " D. L." 

3. This primal day, the Spring of Time. By 
R. C. Singleton. Tr. for the Anglican H. Bk., 
1867, and pub. therein 1868, No. 22. 

4. Thi* day the father, Seureo of all. By W. 
Cooke. Tr. for the ffymnary, in which it 1st 
appeared fn 1872, No. 9. [J. J.] 

Dies absoluti pr&etereunt. [Septm- 
gesima,'] This hymn is found in two wss. of 
the 11th ofint. (Nos. 313, 314) at St. Gall; 
and is quoted in full in Mone, No. 68, and in 
Daniel, iv. p. 179, both with notes and refer- 
ences. Mone is inclined to believe it to be 
the work of a French poot. It is specially 
rich in allusions to Holy Scripture, Tr. as : — 

The bygone days in Time's dark ocean sleep. 
By E. A. Dayman, written for and 1st pub. iu 
the Hymnary, 1872, No, 200. [W. A. S,] 

Dies eat laetitiae, In ortu regali 
[Christmas.} This Christmas hymn or carol, 
which Luther spoke of as a work of the Holy 
Spirit, seems to bo of German origin, and is 
probably not earlier than the I4t!i cent. 

G. Goeie.ofJena, In 1103, started tho theory that this 
hymn was written by Bonno, created Cardinal in 1083 
by the Ami-Fopo Clement 111, Otlier German wrltcra 
ofthe 18th cent., misunderstanding this statement, forth- 
with pronounced it tlie work of Denno, Bishop of Meis- 
sen, who d, U07, Sec Wetzel, i. 103, and a wonderful 
combination of the two theories iu O. F. Humer'B Jfacfc- 
richten von Liederdichtern dew AvQtpurgischcn GesanQ. 
buchs, Scbwabach, 1716, p. 62, For neither supposi- 
tion is tliere tbe slightest vestige of oridence. It exists 
in various forma, anil as will be seen below, tho early 
German versions give no help in determining what 
number of st3- it originally possessed. Jftme, Wo. 41, 
quotes it from am. of the I5tb cent, now at Trier, ami 
from other sources^ with notes and various readings. 
The stanzas of the TViVr MX. are i — s " Mater hacc cat 
filia," 3. "Orto del flilo." 4. "Angelns i>astorilma," 



JHES IBAE 



DIBS IRAE 



206 



I. " ttt ritnun non laedHux." s. " In obsour* nueci- 
tur." T. " Orbis dum descrlbltur." • 8. " Chrfstnm na- 
tum domlnum." ». "Chrlste qui nos proprtls." He 
describe! it u "having been recast and expanded." 

Wtektrnagd, 1841, No. £3, gives St. 1, a, s, 4 from 
Lucas LoBSius's ftatnuxtin. Numbers, 1663 ; but in 
his new ed. 1., Mo. 332, he quotes the text of Kim* with 
» 10th St. :— 10. " Ut stellAm eonsptdunt, 11 added for 
use at Epiphany, which he takes from J. Spangenberg> 
Allt Mtd Jftut Gtittliche Ueder. Erfurt, 1644. Jtont- 
ixtch, I. pp. 330-336. has St. 1, 3, fi, 4 with a note on the 
auUiorshlp. Xtanfd, I. p. 330, quoteB the text of fiam- 
bach oit&lMiekenMgel, and at iv, pp. 264-26f gives the 
various readings and additional Bt. from JRitte; with 
notes from other sources. The text [a also found, gene- 
rally in st. 1, 3, 6,*4 in Simrock, SinigtfM, Mater 
(these with German tr*A and other collections. Hoff- 
mann von FaJlersleben (aitchiehtt da Deutsche* Kir- 
ckmlitOa, ed. 1881, pp. 396-301) refers to It as in a 
19th cent. us. now at Graa with st. I, 3, B, a, 6, 4 ; 
as in a Ha. of 1432 now at Munich with st. 1, 3, St, 4, 
O, 6 (both of these with German <r>.) j and as la another 
lath cent, us. at Munich with st. i, J, «, 3, 4. 

Translation in C. U. :— 

Sayal day that otuusst frloom, By J. M, 
Neale, pub. ill his Mediaeval Hys., 1351, in 3 st. 
of 10 1. This is it paraphrase rather than a 
literal rendering of tho shorter form of the 
hyfnn. In 1854 it was rewritten by Dr. Henle 
for his Christmas Carols, nnd in this form it 
passed into the People's If., 18G7, No. 34. 

This hymn also passed into English 
through the German : — 

Bra Tat; dar Ut so freudtonleh, Wac&ernar/et, 
i!., p. 520, gins this as a 15th cent, tr., and re- 
prints 11 (really 12) versions, varying from lto 
13 st. The form tr. into English is that in 
King's O. 3., 1529, in 4 st., repeated as Ho. 28 
in the Unv. L. 8., 1851. The tr. in C. V. is :— 

A wondrous child, the Virgin-born, by A. T. 
Rassell ns No. -49 in his Ps. # Hys., 1851. It 
begins with st. ii. ( K Ein Kindelein so ltsbelich"), 
and is of st. ii., i. 

Other tn, ant— (1) " Hail to the day ! so rich 
in joy," by Miss Fry, 1845, p. 13. (2) « To us 
the promised child is born," a tr. of st. ii. by 
Dr. U. Mills, 1856, p. 374. [J. M.] 

DiflB iraa, dies ilia. [Burial Advent] 
In dealing with this great Sequence of the 
Western Church we shall note in detail, i. TJie 
Text; ii. Its Avthorship; iii. Its Liturgical 
Use; and iv. Ms General Acceptance. 

i. The Text, For the use of the general 
reader tho most accessible work on this sub- 
ject is Daniel, ii. pp. 103-106. 

1. The oldest form known to the present 
time is that contained in a us. in the Bod- 
leian, Oxford (Liturg. Mite. 163/. 179b). This 
is a Dominican Missel written at the end of 
the 14th cent, and apparently for use at Pisa. 
This test is as follows; — 



" SfQUEHTrA FRO 

" Dies Irae, dies lite, 
Sol vet saeclum in f&vtlia ; 
Teste David cum Btbllla. 
"Quanvae tremor est fn- 
turne 
Quando Judex eat ven- 
tures 
Cuiwta atricte dlscussu- 
rus. 
" Tuba mirtua tpargit so- 
num, 
Per sepulchra regionum, 
Ooget omncs ante tbro- 
nuin. 
« More BtupeWt et naturs, 
Dam reaurget creatura, 
Judicantl Tespoosura. 



DSSDNCTlS. 

Liber ecrlptus proferetur, 
In quo totum contlnetur, 
Unde mundus Judicetnr. 
Judex ergo cum sedebit, 
Qulcquidlatet appareblt, 
Nil inultum.retuanebit. 
Quid eum miser tunc 

dlcturus ? 
Qnem patronum roga- 

turus f 
Cum vix Justus sit seen. 

rus. 
Rex trementtao majesta- 

tis. 
Qui solvandoa aalvas gra- 
tis, 
Salva me fons pietirtls. 



1 Freces meae non sunt 

dignae. 
Bed tu tonus fachenigne, 
Ne perennl ciemer Igne. 

1 Inter ovea locum prae&ta 
Et ab boedis me seques- 
tra, 
Statuens in parte dextra 

' Confntatls maledJctls 
Flammis acrlbus addictlfl, 
Vuca me cum benedlclls. 

1 Ore aupplex et accllnls, 
Cor contrltuiD quasi cinifl, 
Gere euiam mel fails. 

' Lacrymoea dies ilia 
Qua resurget ex l&vjjla 
Judleandos homo reus, 
Huic ergo parte Dons. 

Domine: 
requiem." 



" Keconlarc Jeso pie 

Quod BUmCBUsatuaeviae, 

Ho me perdu Ilia die. 
" Qnaerens me sedisti las- 

BUB, 

Hedemisti cntcem pas- 

BUB, 

Tantus tabor non sit cas- 
soa. 
" Juste Judex uttlonls, 
Donum fae remlstuonia, 
Ante diem rationis. 
14 lucemlscotanquamreus, 
Culpa rubet vuitos vneus, 
Supplicantl parce DeuB. 
"Qui Marlam absolvistl 
Et latronem exaudtstl, 
Mibi quoquc spem de* 
distl. 

"PleJesu 
Don&ets 

Tiiis text U tlie same ns that in the modem 
Roman Missal, with tho exception of the two 
words given in italics : — st. iii. 1. 1, spargit 
instead of spargene ; and st. iv. 1. 2, Dum in- 
stead of Cfcm. These ore probably errors on 
the put of the scribe, and cannot be accepted 
ns true readings. 

2. Another form of tho text is in a us. 
found amongst mss. of Felix Haemmerlein, 
a priest of Zurich who d. eir. 1457. This us. 
is now at Ziiricb. The text, in 22 st. of 3 1., is 
given in Daniel, ii. p. 103. 

3. The third text known has an approxi- 
mate date only, that of the Variorum in 
Europa Itineriita Ddiciae of Nathaniel Cby- 
traens, 1st ed. 1594 (Sr/(. 3f«s.). It is also in 
Mohoike's Kirehen- und KtferaThistorisclte 81&- 
dien, vol. i. pt. i., Stralsund, IB24. Chytraeus 
gives it simply as one of the inscriptions he 
found in Mantua, and as in the Cimrch of St. 
Francis. In the Konigtberg O. S., 1C50, 
p. 305, it is said to have been "found on a 
Crucifix (bey einemCrudji^), at Mautnn, in ihe 
Church of St. Francis." liy later writers it is 
said to have been engraved on tho maTble 
base of a Crucifix in that church. Concern- 
ing this church and marble slab, a writer in 
the Di&lin Review, vol. ix. 1883, p. 375, 
says : — 

" Father Narcisso BoihuzI, Maestro di Capella to the 
Bishop of Mantua, has upon application most obligingly 
written to this effect : that the Church and Convent uf 
St. Francis were suppressed in 1191 (tbe year of Ihe 
French occupation of Mantua) ; tbat in 1811 the church 
was desecrated and the convent was turned Into a mili- 
tary arssnal ; and that no trace of the slab can now be 
found, neither la the churches to which tbe monuments 
of St. Francis were removed, nor in the royal or civic 
museums of tbe town." 

Tho text according to Chytraeus, p. 18C, 
has the following stanzas, which are given 
before the opening stauza of the older form of 
tho hymn : — 

' Dies Ilia, dies irae 
Qunm colwmur IVaeve* 

nire, 
Obvlamqne Deo Ire 

' Berts contrlttone 
Gratiae apprelienslone 
Vltae emendatlone." 



' Quaeso anima fidelia, 
Ab quid respondere ve- 
ils. 
Cbrlato venturo de coells, 
' Cum a te poscet ratlo- 
nem, 
Ob bont omtssionem, 
Bt mall commlsalonemf 



Followinn; theso there are 16 st. correspond- 
ing to i.-xvi. of tho oldest known form given 
above ; and then, instead of st. xvii.-xix,, the 
concluding st. : — 



' Ut censors beatitatia, 
Vlvam cum justiucatis. 
In aevum aeternttatts." 



296 



DIES IRAK 



Daniel gives in vol. ii. pp. 103-105 what 
he understood to- be the Mantua text. This 
differs from Chytraeutft text in these particu- 
lars ; — 

Chytraeut 
1. Quaeeo anima , . 
a. Cum a te poscet . . 

Small. . 
t. Teste David cum 
Sybllla. 

10. Nil Enultum . . 

11. Cum nee Justus . ■ 
13. Quod win causa . . 

(1. 2, " He me per- 
du": 1. 3. (food 



U. Quaerens me sedisti . 

Tantus labor ne sit . 

IS. Ingemleco vere reus . 

M. Staluens me parte . . 
31. Ut censors . . 



Danid. 

1. Coglla (Quneso) anima 

2. Cum deposcet . . 
Ob mall. . 

5. Tests Petru cum . . 

10. Nil Incultum . . 

11. Quum necjustus . . 
IX tjuod aim causa . . 

(These tines re- 
versed, a being 
"Quod" and 3 
"He"). 

14. Gueerena me venletl ■ ■ 
Tentus labor nan . . 

16. Ingemleco tsnquam 
reus. 

14. Siatuens in parte . . 

31. Consort ut. . 



5. In the French Missals, e.g. that of Pan's, 
1738 ; and that of Metz, 1778, the opening 
lines read : — 

" Wee irae, dies ilia, 
Crucls expaudena vexilla, 
Solret seclum In favillo. 

Concerning the variations in the text in 
the opening lines of this Sequence, C6) "Teste 
David, cum Sybilla," (2) "Teste Petro cnm 
Sybilla," and ^3) ** Cracis espandeus vexilla," 
Archbishop Trench writes ; — 

" An unwlltingiieee to allow a Sibyl to appear as 
bearing witness to Christian truth, has caused that we 
sometimes find this third tine ['teste David cum 
Slbylli 1 omitted, and In Its stead ' Crucis expandens 
vexilla,' as the second of this triplet. It rests on 
Matt. xxlv. 30. and on the expectation that the appari- 
tion of a cross in the eky would be this " sign of 
the Son of man in heaven." It Is, however, a late 
alteration of the text ; and the line as above [' Teste 
David 1 is quite In the spirit of the early and medieval 
theology. In those uncritical ages the Sibylline verses 
were not seen to be that transparent forgery which 
Indeed they are ; but -were continually appealed to as 
only second to the sacred Scriptures in prophetic autho- 
rity ; thus on this very matter of the destruction of the 
world, by Lectantius, Jnir. Din. vil. 19-24 ; ef. Piper, 
Method, d. Ckrittl. Jfunrt, p. 4J2-5W ; these, nlth other 
heathen testimonies of the eaute kind, being not eo much 
suboidinated to more legitimate prophecy, as co-ordi- 
nated with It, the two being regarded as parallel lines 
of prophecy, the Church's and the world's, and con- 
senting witnees to the same truthe. Thus is It In a 
curious medieval mystery on the Nativity, publlehed In 
the Jbnmat da Atvom, IBIS, p. as. It is of simplest 
construction. One after another patriarchs and prophets 
and kings of the Old Covenant advance and repeat their 
most remarkable word about Him tbat should come: 
hut side by side with tliem a series of heathen witnesses, 
Virgil, on the ground of his fourth Eclogue, jtefrticftod- 
nsMor [Dan. ill. »), and the Sibyl; and that it wae 
the wrlter'e intention to paralleliee the two series, and 
to show that Christ had the testimony of both is plain 
from some opening lines of the prologue : — 



O Jndaei, Verbum Del 
ul negatis, hominem 
estrae legls, testem Begii 
Auditc per ordlnem. 



t: 



Et vos, gentes, non ere- 



Peperlsse virglnem, 
Vestrae gentis documentls 
Pelllte callgLnem/ 
"And such is the meaning here— ' That such a day 
shall be baa thewltDcss of inspiration, of David, — and 
of mere natural religion, of the Sibyl— -Jew and Gentile 
alike near testimony to the truths which wo Christians 
believe.' All this makes It certain that we ought to 
read 2e>& David, and not, lette Petro. It is true that 
3 Pet. lit. f-11 1b a more obvious prophecy of the de- 
struction of the world by Are than any In tlie Psalms ; 
but there are passages enough in these (as Ps. xcvl. 
13; xcvli. Si xl. «% to which the poet may allude; 
and the very obviousness or that In St. Peter, makes 
the reading, which introduces his name, suspicious." — 
Sac. iMt. Poetry, 16J4. 

ii. The Authorship. With regard to the 
authorship it seems certainly to have been of 



bras t&Ati 

Italian origin, ttie Missals of other nations 
having adopted it at later dates. The author 
was probably Thomas of Gelano, a Franciscan 
Friar of the 13th cent. This is the opinion 
of Daniel, Mohnike, Kambach, Fink, Lisco, 
Trench, and others who liove written specially 
on the subject. The reasons for ascribing its 
origin to the Franciscan Order, and to Thomas 
of Celano, are : — 

(1) The earliest known mention of this hymn Is made 
by Brother Bartolomseo deglt AlbiziL or Bartholomews 
Plsanua, of the Order of St. Francis, who died about 
a.n. 1380, in his Liber Conformitatujn, a treatise setting 
forth the points In which St. Francis sought to Imitate 
his Divine Master. It was printed at Milan in l&io, 
again In 1513, also in later yean. 

(3) Sixtu* Senensts. a very learned Dominican but 
(as in doty bound) very lesions for bis order, In his 
SJMtotAeca Banetd, Tenet. 1SSS, calls It an "uncouth 
poem " (incondtiui rsjrtsmutj. This points to a Fran- 
ciscan origin ; the old rivalry between the Franciscans 
and Dominicans, as is well known, was very great. 
Hence this writer's hostility furnishes a substantial 
argument. 

(3) A resolution was adopted by the Dominican Order 
at Salamanca in wis, to the effect that thlsSequenca 
should not be used in Masses for the Dead j as being 
contrary to the Rubrics. (See Annotat. in Itiibr. 
Ordinit Priedtcatorum, Venet. 158J.) 

(41 The learned and painstaking Lucas Waddlngus 
(Luke Wadding) in hla &riptoret Orttinit Jrtnortim, 
Roma?, 1650, ascribes It to Ibomaa of Celano; men- 
tioning that others assign the authorship to St. Bona- 
venture, or toMatthieus Aquespattanus (d'Acqua- 
sparta). 

On the other hand, the learned Pope Benedict XD7. in 
his work DC Sacrifieto MitSK, Sectw Prima, Q cxxlll., 
ascribes It (but only as a matter of opinion) to Cardinal 
Latlnus Ursinus, or Frangftpaul, of the Dominican 
Order. This was probably Napoleon Frangipanl, by 
some writers called Orsini, of the Dominican Order, 
created Cardinal of the title of St, Adrian by Pope 
Nicholas IV.; lie died at Perugia in 1994. Further, 
Antonlus Possevlnua, a learned Jesuit, in bis Appara* 
tut Saner, Venet. 1608, 1606, *c., eays that some ascribe 
it to AuguBtinus Bugcllcnsls Pedemontanus, of the 
Order of St. Augustine ; adding tbat bis own opinion , 
is that It was the work of Humbert, the fifth General 
of the Dominican Order, who was born near Valence, 
died at Lyons in 1276, and was buried in the Dominican 
Church of that city. There Is, however, little autho- 
rity for these opinions, unless the fact that the oldest 
known text le found In a Dominican Missal of the 
latter part of the 14th cent, as noted above, lends 
weight to these statements. Still less le there weight 
in the opinions of ArnolduB Wein, a Benedictine Monk, 
and a great, if somewhat eccentric writer {b. 1564). 
In his Lignum Vitae, Ornamentum et DtcMS Ecolssiac, 
Venet. 1595, lib. v. cap. TO, a work which contains an 
account of illustrious men of ble Order, he says that 
eame have ascribed the " Dies Irae " to St. Gregory 
the Great, and some to St. Bernard. 

Taking all the arguments and ascertained 
facts into account, we may conclude that the 
"Dies irae" was written by Thomas of 
Celano, a Franciscan Friar of the 13th cent., 
and the friend and biographer of St Francis 
of Assist 

lit, Liturgical Use. This Sequence is re- 
garded as having been originally an Advent 
hymn. Its ritual use, however, is as the Se- 
quence in the Mass for the Dead. It is first 
found in Italian Missals, and especially in 
those of the Franciscan Order. Among the 
oldest Missals in which it is known to occur 
are those of LBbeck, c. 1480 ^Schktwrg, I486 ; 
Arras, 1491 ; the Dominican- Processional, 
Venice, 1494; the Dominican Missal, Venice, 
1496; Tovmay, 1498, &e. It is not given, 
however, in many Missals of the I5th and 
16th centuries, nor in the collections of 
CUchtovens, 1316; of Adelplms, 1519; and of 
Torrenlinu*, ISIS, although these all contain 



DIES IRAE 

the Sequences then most frequently in nse in 
franco, Germany, Ac It is in the Brander 
collection of lS07. We may note also the 
following details : — 

1. In the Jtomm Jftttoi It Is the Sequence en All 
Studs' Day ; In Masses celebrated on the occasion of a 
death or burial ; and also on the third, seventh, or 
thirtieth day after burial i and, optionally, in dally or 
ordinary Hums tor the Dead. . 

a. In the French MittaU,** quoted above, It appeared 
In the Arras, rWl ; and the Itatnu*, IMS. 

3. Ita EnglU\ nae was Umited. It Is given In some 
editions of the &rv» Mittal as a " Pross pro defunctla 
qui voluerlt," In the Trigtntale S. Grtporrt, an office 
subsequently suppressed. (Burntisland reprint of the 
SanmMiual: Pars Secunda, lHI.col. aBS*-B&»*0 

iv. General Jioeeftance, The hold which this 
Sequence has bud upon the minds of men of 
various nations and creeds has been very neat 
Goethe uses it, as is well known, in hh Faust 
with great effect It also famishes a grand 
climax to Canto vi. in Sir Walter Seotfs Lay 
o/ the Last Minstrel It has been translated 
into many language*, in some of which the 
renderings are very numerous, those in Ger- 
man numbering about ninety, and those in 
English about one hundred and sixty. In 
G. Britain and America no hymn-book of 
any note has appeared during the past hun- 
dred years without tho " Dies Irae " being 
directly or indirectly represented therein. 
Daniel, writing from a German standpoint, 
says; — 

" Even those to whom the hymns of the Latin Church 
are almost entirely unknown, certain]; know this one : 
and If anyone can be found so alien from human 
nature that they have no appreciation of sacred poetry, 
yet, as a matter of certainty, oven they would give their 
minds to this hymn, of which every word Is weighty, 
yea, even a thunderclap/ 1 

From another standpoint, Archbishop 
Trench says : — 

" Nor la it hard to account for ita popularity. The 
metre so grandly devised, of which I remember no 
other example, fitted though It has here shown itself 
for bringing out some of the noblest powers of the 
Latin language— the solemn effect of the triple rhyme, 
which boa been likened to blow following blow of 
the hammer on the anvil — the confidence of the poet 
in the universal interest of his theme, a confluence 
which baa made htm set out his matter with so majestic 
and unadorned a plainness as at once to be intelligible 
to alU— these merits, with msny more, have given the 
Diet Irae a foremost place among the masterpieces of 
soared song,"— Sac. Lat. Poetry, IBM, p. 303. 

The opening line of this Sequence ifl taken 
verbatim from Zeph. i. IS (Vulgate version). 
Daniel, ii. pp. 103-131, has extensive notes cm 
each strophe, and a general dissertation on 
the hymn. This he supplements in v. p. 
110-117. It has also been treated of by 
several writers, and specially by Mohnike 
in his Kireken- una" lilterarhittorieche Studium, 
Stralsnnd, 1824, and his Hymnologitche For- 
tehmgen, Stralsnnd, 1832 ; and lieco in his 
Diet Irae, Hymnxa attf das Weltgericht, Berlin, 
1840. 

Authorities: — MAnHa, IJteo. and Danid. as 
above ; Trench's Sac. iJtt, Poetry, 1S49-T4 ; Dr. Schaff 
lu Ham at Heme, K, Y., 1868 ; ihiWftt ^<Bfew, 1MB3 1 
Xtmiflfttd, 1S4T. [Y.] 

V. Translations in C. U. : — 

I, The day of -wrath, that dreadful day. As the 
trs, of this Sequence are in many instances so 
much alike In the opening line, it will be neces- 
sary in tome cases to givo the opening stanza in 



DISS IBAE 



297 



a compUte form. This, the oldest tr. in C. IT. 
reads : — 

"The day of wrath, that dreadful day 

Shall the whole world In ashes lay, 

As David and the Sibyl say.' 

This rendering is from the Soman Missal, and 
its first publication, so fur as yet traced, was in 
Sf. Tate's Miscellanea Sacra, 1696, where it is 
given as " By the E. of Roscommon'." It is also 
in the posthumous Poems of Wentworth Dillon, 
Earl of Roscommon, 1721 (Preface dated 1717% 
It subsequently appeared in a D'nine Office for 
the Laity, 1763. Mr. Orby Shipley, in the 
Dublin Eeviea, January, 1863, suggests the pos- 
sibility of the tr, being by J. Dryden rather 
than by Lord Roscommon, on the ground of 
its appearance in the Primer, 1706, to which 
Dryden is believed to have largely contributed. 
It never appeared, however, in any edition of 
Dryden's works, and is hot characterized by 
any of the peculiarities which distinguish Dry- 
den's style. In 1812, Dr. Coiiyer gave in his 
Coll. 14 at. In two parts, pt. i. beginning, " The 
last loud trumpet's wondrous sound; " and pt. 
ii., " Thou Who for me didst feel snch pain." 
In 1819, a cento composed of st. i-, iii., vi., 
i., xv. and xvii., considerably altered, was 
given in Cotterill's Set., Ho, SOI. This was 
followed by another cento broken into two 
parts, which appeared in Bickersteth's Christian 
Psalmody, 1833, beginning, pt. i., "The last loud 
trumpet's wondrous sound"; pt. ii., "Forget 
not what my ransom cost," The same arrange- 
ment was repeated in the earlier editions of 
Mercer, and other collections. The cento in 
Hall's Mitre, 1836, and the Xeto Mitre Ht/l., 
1875, beginning, " The last loud trumpet's," &c., 
is another arrangement of stanzas. 

ft. That day ef wrath, that dreadful day. By 
Sir Walter Scott. This is a condensed rendering 
of the Dies Irae, introduced by Scott at the close 
of The Lay of the Last Minstrel, 1805, in 3 st. 
of 4 1., as having been sung in Melrose Abbey, 
" noble Angus " having decided 

" That he a pilgrimage would take 
To Melrose Abbey, for the sake 
Of Michael's restless sprite." 

The details of the pilgrimage are wrought out 
with grand effect, and conclude with this " hymn 
of intercession." 

" That day of wrath, that dreadful day 
When heaven and earth shall pasa away t 
What power shall be the sinner's stay ? 
llow shall lie meet that dreadful day r " 

Soon after the publication of the Lay, &c, in 
J805, this tr. was given ua a hymn for public 
worship in various collections, Dr. Coliyer in- 
cluded it in his Set., 1812 j Cotterill followed iu 
1819, as "The day," Ac., and others later on, 
until its use has extended to all English-speaking 
countries. Various attempts have been made to 
"improve" these noble lines; st. iii. 1. 3 being 
specially selected with this result ; — 

" Be Thou, O Christ, the sinner's stay," in Elliott's 
Pt. it Hys., 1835. 

"Thou art, O Christ, Thy people's stay," in Drum- 
mond*GrevHle'sC*u«S(if^v(ofl(tJ7. Blc„ ISM. 

"Jesus, be Than the sinner's stay," in the Scottish 
United Fresh. H. Bk* lssa, 

" Be Thou, O Christ, our steadfast stay," In Breiy's 
Birmingham sa., isss. 

The first of these changes is still in extensive 
use, but another change in the opening line, 
" On that dread day, that wrathful day,*^ given 
in Cotterill's Bsl. t 1810, is now unknown. 



208 



DIES IRAE 



This condensed rendering of the Dies Irae has 
not only taken a strong hold upon the general 
public, but it has also elicited the admiration of 
those who through their education and wide 
reading are best qualified to judge. One such 
has said : — 

" I know nothing more sublime In the writings of Sir 
Walter Soott — certainly I know nothing so sublime In 
any portion of the sacred poetry of modern times, I 
mean of the present century— OS tlie ' Hymn for the 
Dead,' extending only to twelve Hues, which be em- 
bodied in The lay aftiu Last Minstrel. (Bight Hon. 
W. E, Gladstone. Speech at Haworden, Feb. 3, 1886.) 

Sir Walter Scott's admiration of the original 
la well known. His biographer, J. G. Lockhart, 
says concerning his last illness: — 

" But commonly whatever we could follow him In was 
a fragment of tbe Bible {especially the Prophecies of 
Isaiah, and the Book of Job) or some petition in the 
Litany — or a verse of some psalm (In tbe old Scotch 
metrical Version)— or of some of the msgninccntbynms 
of the Romish ritual, in which he always delighted, but 
which probably hung; on his memory now in connection 
tvitb the church services be had attended while in Italy. 
We very often beard distinctly the cadence of the Dies 
irae i and I tblnk tbe very last stausa that we could 
make out was the drat of a still greater favoutlte, 
'Stabac Mater dolorosa,'" fcc. (.Memoirs, 1838, vol, 
vii. p. 391.1 

3. On that great, that awful lay. By Lord 
Macaulay, a condensed rendering, contributed to 
the Christian Observer, Jan. 1826 (vol. 26), and 
embodied in the early editions of the Rugby 
fxliool Chapel IF. Ilk., and a few collections. It 
has almost altogether passed out of common use. 

i, Day of wrath, thou day of thunder. By H. J. 
Buckoll. from the Soman Missal, 1st pub. in the 
Jtugby Sehool Chapel H, Bk., and continued in 
later editions. 

6. Day of wrath, that awful day. By I. Wil- 
liams. The first st. of this rendering from the 
Paris Missal is : — 

" Day of wrath !— that awful day 
Shall the bannsr'd Cross display, 
Earth in aabes melt away ! " 

This rendering appeared first in the British Mag, 
for Jan. 1 834, and was repeated in the translator's 
Thoughts in Past Tears, 1838, and his Hys. tr. 
from the Parisian Brev., 1839. In fn!J, or in 
part, this tr, has been included iu the .Leeds H. 
Bk., 1853 ; Ths Parish H. Bk., 1863-75 ; Ma- 
ther's Hys. for the Ch. of Qod, 1864; Mercer 
(based on I. Williams), Oxford ed., 18G4, end 
several others. The rendering in R. Campbell's 
St. Andrew's Hys. and Anthems is also this by 
I. Williams, with alterations by Campbell. 

S, Say of anger, that dread day. By H. Alford, 
from the Paris Missal, The opening st, of this 
tr. is : — 

" Day of anger, that dread day 

fiball tbe sign in Heav*n display. 

And the eartb in ashes lay." 

It appeared in hisi's. fj- .Hys., 1844, in two parts, 
the second beginning, " Thou didst toil my soul 
to gain" ;*and was repeated in his Year of Praise, 
18(j7. In Windle's Hymnal, No. 83, there is 
given a cento from this tr, into which many 
alterations are introduced, and a refrain is added 
to each stanza which is altogether new to the 
hymn. The cento in the Marlborough School 
ColL, 1369, No. 49, beginning with the first line 
from I. Williams, is from this tr. but greatly 
altered. Bean Alford's tr. is also given in n few 
American hymn-books. 

7. Say of wrath, day of mourning. By W. J. 
Irons, from the Paris Missal, It is well known 



DIES IRAE 

that the Revolution in Paris in 1848 led to many 
scenes of terror and shame. Foremost was the 
death of Monseignenr D, & . Afire, the Archbishop 
of Paris, who was shot on June 25 on the 
barricades on the Place de la Bastille whilst 
endeavouring to persuade the insurgents to cease 
firing, and was bnried on July 7. As soon as it 
was safe to do so his funeral sermon was preached 
in Notre Dame, accompanied by a religious service 
of the most solemn and impressive kind. Through- 
out the service the Archbishop's heart was exposed 
in a glass case in the Choir, and at the appointed 
place the Dies Irae was sung by an immense 
body of priests. The terror of the times, the 
painful sense of bereavement which rested upon 
the minds of the people through the death of 
their Archbishop, the exposed heart in theChniv, 
the imposing ritual of the service, and the grand 
rendering of the Dies Irae by the priests, gave 
to the occasion an unusual degree of impressive* 
ness. Dr. Irona was present, and deeply moved 
by what he saw and heard. On retiring from 
the Church he wrote oat thisfr. of tb* Dies Irae. 
The surrounding circumstancss no doubt contri- 
buted greatly to produce this, which is one of 
the finest of modem renderings of the grandest 
of mediaeval hymns. It was first issued in the 
privately printed Intrdts and Hymns for Ad- 
vent, issued, without date, for the use of Margaret 
Street Chapel, London, where it bears the initials 
« W. J. I." It was also published in 1849 (Lond., 
Masters), with historical notes by Dr. Irons, and 
with the music to which it was sung in Notre 
Dame, harmonized by Charles Child Spencer. Dr. 
Irons also included it in his Appx, to the Bramp- 
ton Met. Psalter, in his Hymns, &c, Bromptou, 
1868, No. 82, and in the new and enlarged cd. 
of his Ps. $ Hys., 1873-1883, No. 60. In popu- 
larity and eitensiveness of use this tr. of the 
Dies Irae is surpassed only by Sir Walter Scott's. 
A few important changes have come into use 
which must be noted. The opening stanza is: — 

" Day of wrath, day of mourning, 
See once more the Cross returning — 
Heav'n and earth in ashes burning 1 " 

This is given in J. A. Johnston's English Hyl., 
1852, as "Day of wrath, day dismaying," &c. ; 
in Thrnpp's Ps. r? Hys., 1853, as " Day of Judg- 
ment, day of mourning " ; and in Kennedy, 186J, 
as " Day of anger, day of mourning." The 
second line of st. i. has also undergone these 
changes: — in the Silistntry ff. Bk., 1857, the 
Sarum, 1868, and others, to "Sect the Son's 
dread sign returning." In this there is a change 
in the wording of the line only, and not a change 
of thought. The thought, however, is changed 
in the H. Camp, and Snepp, where we read, " See 
the Crucified returning." In H. A. fy M. the 
reading of the Boman Missal is adopted in spirit 
although not in word, "See fulfilled the pro- 
phet's warning," and this has been repeated in 
several hymn-books. The concluding lincswhich 
read : — 

" Lord, who didst onr souls redeem, 
Grant a blessed Requiem ! " 

were changed in the Hymns and Introits, 1852, 
and the Cooke and Denton Hymnal, 1853, to the 
tr. by I. Williams; — 

11 Lord all-pitying, Jemi blest T 
Grant thorn Tlune eternal rest." 

This, with " Grant its," for " Grant them," has 
been repeated, sometimes with and sometimes 



urpassci, nt least by any other Protestant 
a." {Fifty Versions of Dies Irac, 1B83, 



DIES IBAE 

without the change, in most hymn-books which 
have adopted Dr. Irons*s tr. Thring's Coll. is 
an eiception in favour of: — 

" Jesu, Saviour ever Blest, 
Grant ne tbea eternal rest" 

8. Higher (till, and tUU mere nigh. By E, 
Csswall, from the Soman Missal, in his Lyra 
Oatholica, 1849, p. 241 ; and Jits Hys. $ Poems, 
1873, p. 126. This is repented in the Jrringite 
Hys. for the Use of the Churches, 1864-71. 

9. Bay ef vengeanoe, day of sorrow. By W. J. 
Blew, from the Roman Missal, given in his Church 
Hy. f Tune Bk., 1852. In Mr. Rice's Set. from 
that work, No. 7 begins with at. 9 of this tr,, 
" Day of dread, in wrath awaking." This tr., 
which ranks with, if it does net surpass, Dr. 
Irons*s noted above, has been strangely over- 
looked by hymn-book compilers. A writer in 
the Dublin Review says of it, " for originality, 
force of expression, dignity, and rhythm [it] 
is unsu: 
version 
vol. ii. p, 390.) 

10. Bay of wrath and bflmlation. A cento in 
Rorison's Coll., 1851, based on I. Williams and 
Dr. Irons. In the 2nd and later editions it reads, 
H Day of wrath I day of mourning." 

11. Bay of wrath! that day dismaying, By 
J. A. Johnston, given in the 2nded.of his English 
ffyl., 1858, instead of the altered version of Dr. 
Irons, as in the 1st ed., 1852. This new render- 
ing was repeated in the 3rd ed., 1861. 

IE. Bay of anger, all arresting. By W. B. 
Robertson, from the Soman Missal, 1st pub. in 
Ilosannah ; or, Chant* and Hymns for Children 
and Teachers, Glasgow (Preface dated 1854). It 
was reprinted in. 1868, in a programme of music 
sung by a choir at tie meeting of the United 
Presbyterian Synod of that year. In the Draft 
of the Prcsb. ffyl; 1874, it was reprinted for 
approval, and finally appeared in that collection 
in 1876, with st. ix.-xviii. considerably altered, 

IS. Day of doom, the last, the greatest, By 
Archbishop Benson. Written at Rugby.and 1st 
pub. in the Wellington Coll. H. Bk., I860, and 
repeated in subsequent editions. It is appointed 
to be sung before the Litany on the Sundays in 
Advent, and is from the Roman Missal.. 

U. Bay of terror, day ef doom. By A. P. 
Stanley, from the Roman Missal, appeared in Q. 
Redmond Portal's Hys for Use of the Parish 
of Aibwy, 1864, in 9st. of 6 1. In 1868 it was 
given in Macmillan's Magazine, and in 1869 in 
the Appendix to Hys. for Use in the Chapel of 
Marlborough Coll. as, " Day of wrath, O dreadful 
day," with an additional stanza. The same was 
repeated in the Westminster Abbey H. Bk., 1883. 
In the Hymnary, 1872, it is given, with the addi- 
tion of 3 stanzas by the Editors (" Nought of 
Thee my prayers can. claim " ; " Make me with 
Thy sheep to stand"; and "Full of tears and 
full of dread"), and divided into three parts, 
pt. ii. being, " When, in that tremendous day," 
anil pt. iii., *' just Judge, to whom belongs." 
The ten-stanza form is repeated in a few Ameri- 
can hymn-books, including Laudes Domini, 1884, 
and others. 

IS, Bay of wrath ! that awful day 1 By It. 
C. Singleton, from the Soman Missal, written in 
1867, and pub. in his Anglican H. Bk., 1868, 
No. 36. In the 1871 ed. it rends: "Day of 
wrath! that awful day, Earth in ashes," &c, 
and marked as It; in 1870. 



DIES IBAE 



299 



16, Say «f wrath t the heart dismaying. By 

" F. J. P." from the Paris Missal ; in Dr. Rawes's 
Hys. for the Tear, K,r>. (I860); the Catholic 
Hymnal, N.D., and other Roman Catholic collec- 
tions for Missions and Schools. This tr. has 
often been attributed to F. W. Faber, but iu 
error. {Dublin Review, 1883, vol. is. p. 390.) 

17. Day of wrath t That day of woe. From 
the Soman Missal, in Tie Crown of Jesus If, 
Bh., tx.v. [c 1862]. 

IS. Bay of wrath, that day dismaying. This 
cento in the Hymnary is thus composed : st, i.- 
viii. are st. i.-viii. of No. 16 above, by " F; J. P." 
re-written by Canon William Cooke. Canon 
Cooke changed the present tense of this tr. back 
to the future of the original, and thus made the 
whole hymn refer not to an actual realization, 
but a dread anticipation of the Judgment. He 
has also rendered the opening stanza according 
to the Soman Missal. These changes, and other 
alterations render these stanzas almost a new 
translation. The remainder of the hymn (st. 
ii.-n.) b from Dr. Irons, No. 7, as above. 

IS. In that dim and awful day. By " E. O," 
in Dale's English H. Bk., 1875, No. 836, 

Translations not In C. TX. ! — 

1. Dear, dear soul, awake, awake. Joshua Sylvester. 
Divine Wteka of Bu Bartai, 1621. 

2. Hesreet thou, my soul, what serious things, 
Richard Crashaw. Steps to the Tempts, 1646. 

3. A day fall of horror must, Patrick Carey. Tri- 
vial poems and Triolets (Sir Vf. Scott's ed. 1820), 
1*M 

4. Ah, silly soul, what wilt thou say. William 
Drnmmond. l>osthutM*s Poems, isce, and Bp. Sage's 
ed. nil. 

0. That day of WTsth, that dreadful day. A. Crotf- 
ther and T.V.Sadler. The Hotaritt'i Daily Bzerctie. 
Amsterdam, 1657. 

a. Day of wrath, that dreadful day. James Dymock's 
The Sacrifice of the Jf<w Law, 1687 . Also In an Ofi'u-e 
qftheS. Y. *ofthe same year, and altered. In Brooke'a 
Churehman*s JfanxaZ of Priv. ami Fitmily Devotion, 
1863, 

1. A day of wrath, that dreadful day. Anon. The 
Following of Christ, ldsi. 

8. The day of wrath, that doom-deciding day. Anon. 
Bona Mori, 1164, 

9. The day of wrath, that dreadful day. Anon. 
Jhc Office for the Bead, K.n. dr. D80. 

10. The day of wrath, that great and awful day, 
"T. T. S.," In Christian Observer, May, lSie. 

11. The dreadful day, the day of ire. F. C. Huseu- 
beth. Catholic Jfisettlany, 1833, and Mietal for the 
Laity, 1931. 

12. O day of anger, awful day, "0," in the Cftrir- 
(ion Itanembranetr, May, lasts. 

13. Day of Judgment, day of lie. William Hay. 
Bengal .Annual, 1831. 

14. O day of wnth, that dreadful day. R. Parkinson. 
Saturday Magazine, Sept. 82, 183a, and reprinted Lu his 
Pofliu, 1832. 

15. Day of Judgment, day of wrath. Xwn. ^Spiritual 
Repository, 1633. 

16. O that day of WTath dismaying. J. Qiandlor. 
Hys. of the Primitive Church, 1839, 

1>. Wrath and righteous retribution. "C, F, E. of 
Fulneck," Christian Observer, Jan., 1837. 

U. Day of anger, day of mourning. J, B. I). Beete. 
Ctotholic floyrt, 1839. 

IS. The day of wrath, that last dread day. Anon, 
Catholic Magatiae, 1839. 

10, day of wrath, and dread surprise. Daniel 
French. Sel. of Catholic Bys., 1839. 

11. The day of wrath, that dreadfid day. William 
Young. Catholic Choralitt, 1843. 

22. Othatday, thatday oftre. B. C. Trench. T. V. 
Fosbery's Hys. for the Sick and Suffering, 1844. 

23. Day of wrath, that awful day. E. B. Pusey in 
the paradise qf the Christian Sail, 1841. 

34. TJiat day of wrath, that dreadful day. W. It. 
Wlngfleld. Prayers for the Bead, 1845. 

35, A day of wrath, a dreadful day, "K. S.,'*lnDr. 
Hook's Holy 2%ottffhtt and Prayers. Preface to 3rd ed., 

1848. 

its. That dread day of wrath and shame, James D* 



800 



DIBS IRAE 



Aylward. 1st printed Id the Dublin Beview, April, 
1683, but written in 1B4S, 

27. That day of wrath and grler and Bbame. James 
D. Aylward. Also printed in the Dublin Review, 
April, 1893, but written la 1946. 

28, Day of wrath and doom of are. Lord Lindsay. 
History of Christian Art, 1841* 

28. Day of wratb, that dreadful day. Howel W. 
Lloyd, jpnrod i't« a/ ifte Cftrttf ian Soul, 1877. 

30. Day of doom, that day of ire. W. J. Copeland. 
Printed in Dublin Raiieto, 1*83, but written in 1841. 

31. Awful doomsday, day of anger. Anon. Spiritual 
Sepasitory, 1841, 

32. Woe is the day of lie. Richard D. Williams 
(Shamroch of the " Nation "). Jtetmat o/ Sitters of 
Mercy, 1848. 

83. Day of the Lord's 'avenging ire. Dean Disney. 
Irtth BtxUsiastical Journal, May, 1848. 

34. Day of wrath, beneath whose thunder. Arch- 
deacon Bowan, Jrith Ecclesiastical Journal, June, 
1*4», but written before. 

35. Day of wrath, that dreadful day. F. O. Lee. 
Poem. 1856. 

38. Lo, that day of wrath awaketh. A. T. Russell. 
Ft. A Hymnt, 1961. 

37. Most surely at the appointed time (through the 
German), A. T. Russell. Ft. it Hymns, 1861. 

38. Day of vengeance, day of burning. R. Q. Lo- 
ralne. English vordt to Mozart's Jiequiem Mass, 1964. 

36. Lo the day of wrath, the day. Mrs. E. Charles, 
The Wiee tf Christian I*\fe in Afrng,lB58. 

40. Ah that day of wrath and woe. . William Bright, 
Athanatius and Other Foems, 1958. 

41. Day of anger, that great day. J. W. Hewett. 
Verses by a Country Curate, 1858. 

42. Day of anger, day of wonder. Philip 8. Worsley. 
Blackwood's Mag., 1868, and his Foems and Transla- 
tions, 1983. 

43. There comes a day, a dreadful day. Dr. G. 
Walker's Hys.from Ike Oerman, 1860. 

44. Day of Judgment, day appalling. H, Kynaeton. 
Occasional Ycrtcs, 1862. , 

46, The day oomes of Indignation. Charles B. Cayloy, 
Church Times, 1864. 

48. Lo the day, theday ordooming. Francis Trappes. 
Liturgical Hymns, w.n. cir. 186S. 

47, Great day of wrath, of days the day. J. H. 
SCweetl. The Beautiful Latin Hymn, 1866, 

48. Day of wrath upon whose dawning, J. II. 
S[weet]. The Beautiful Hymn, 1966. 

49. Day of awful wrath, great day, when. J. H 
S[wcet]. The Beautiful Hymn, 1866. 

68. Day of wrath, O day of days. W. H. Robinson. 
South London Chronicle, May 26, 1866. 

61. Day of anger, dreadful day. J. W. Thomas. 
Poems on Sacred . . . Subjects, 1867. 

£2. Day of wrath and tribulation. John Henry Hos- 
kyns-Abraball. Christian Remembrancer, Jan., 1969. 

S3. The day of wrath, that haunting day. B. C, 
Hutton. Spectator, March T, 1869. 

64. The day of wrath, that awful day. Anon. 
Friend's Magatinc. 

6o. the day, that day of anguish, John Wallace. 
Hymns of the Church, 1874. 

66. Day of fury when earth dying, Charles Kent. 
The Month, Nov., 18)4, 

67. Day of wrath, that day whose knelling. Mr. 
Justice John O'Hagan. Irish Monthly, March, 1374. 

68. Dawns the day, the day of dread. Anon. Mes- 
senger ef the Sacreil Heart, Nov,, 1875. 

68. Day of anger, sinners dooming. II. Macgill. 
Songs of Christian Creed and Life, 1978, 

68. Day of ire, woe worth that day. William Macli- 
walne. Lyra Hiberntca Sacra, la78. 

ei. La the day of wrath, that day. Osmond Seager, 
Oremut, 1879. 

03. A day of wrath that day shall glow. €, Warren, 
18)8. 

63. That day a day of wrath shall glow. C. F, S. 
Warren, 1878. 

64. Cometh that day, that day of ire, Orlando Dob* 
bin, 1878. 

66. The day of wrath, that dreadful day. D. T. 
Morgan. Hymns of the Latin Church, 1886. Printed 
tor private circulation, 1871. 

66. Day of anger, that dread day, When the earth. 
W. Cowan. Foems, 1970. 

Si. O day of wrath, the last great dreadful day. 
Anon. "F. G. M." in the Messenger of the Hatred 
Heart, Nov., 1880. 

68. O that day, the day of vengeance. Henry A. 
Rawes. Fly Sheet, 1694. 

68. Day of wrath on which earth's framing. W. 
Hilton. Messenger of the Sacred Heart, 1994. 



DIES IRAE 

76. That day of wrath, that dreadful day, An exten- 
sion of Sir W. Scott's tr. by Father Police. Parochial 
Hymn-book, 1981. 

71. O day of wrath, of days the day. J. H. Sweet. 
The Day of Judgment, 1873. 

)2. Dayof wrath upon whose dawning. J. H. Sweet. 
The Day of Judgment, 1973. 

In addition to the above, the following are 
by American Translatora : — 

1. O that day, that day of ire. Mrs. M. J. Preston, 
1861. 

2. Day of -wrath, portentous morning. Charles P. 
Krauth. Winchester ftspB«fca», 1861. 

3. Day of wrath, that day dismaying. Dr. WiUiam 
R. Williams. Miscellanies, 1861, 

4. Day of wrath the sinner dooming. Dr. Henry 
Mills. Horae Germanicae, 1956. 

6. The Sibyl's lesf, the Psalmist's lay . . . " Somnia- 
tor." Poms, 1869, 

6. Day of Ire, that day impending. Epra Sargent. 
The Pi-ess, 1869. 

7. Day of wrath, that day of hasting. Robert David- 
son. Foemt, 1866. 

9. Day of wrath, that day of burning. Abraham 
Coles, Diet Iraexn 13 original versions, 1866. 
v. Day shall dawn that has no morrow. A. Coles, 

1866. 

16. Dayof vengeauce, and of wages. A Coles, I960. 

11. Day of prophecy, tt Sashes. A. Coles, I960. 

12. Day of vengeance, end of scorning. A. Coles, 
1868. 

13. Day of wrath and consternation. A. Coles, I860. 

14. Day of wrath, that day of days, A. Coles, 1866 

15. O that dreadful day, my soul. A. Coles, 1866. 

16. Day foretold, that day of ire. A. Coles, 1966. 
IT. Lo it conies with stealthy feet, A. Coles, I860. 

18. Day of wrath, that day of dole. A. Coles, 1806. 

19. day of wratb, O day of fate. A Coles, 1866. 

20. That day, that awful day the last. A. Out™, 
I860. 

21. Day of wrath, that day of wonder. George A. 
Crooke. Episcopal Recorder, 1863. 

22. O that day of wrath and woe. A. II. pLOgers, 
The Lutheran, 1964, 

23. That .day of wrath, that day of doom. James 
Ross. 77ie jyeto ybrjfc Observer, 1864. 

24. Day of threatened wrath from heaven. Bristns 
C, Itcnedict. Christian Intelligencer, cir. 1864. 

23, Day of wrath, that final day. E. C. Benedict, 
1864. 

26. Day of wrath with vengeance glowing. E. C. 
Benedict, 1684. 

27. Day of wrath, that day of burning. M. II. 
Bright. Die Bound Table, 1966. 

28. Day of vengeance, lo that morning. General J. 
A. Dlx. Sean Great Hymns of the Church, 1905. 

29. Day of wrath, dread day of wailing. Anon. 
Bound Table, Feb. 23, 1887. 

36, A day of wrath and woe, that day. Anon, 
.Hound Table, 1907. 

31. O day of wrath In that dread day. Anon. Tht 
Living Age, Jan. 26, 1867. 

32. Day of wrath, day long expected. Roger & 
Tracy. JSvening Fost, Jan., 1868. 

33. Day of wrath, that day foretold. Dr. Philip 
ScbafT. Hours at Home, May, 1968; and Christ in 
Song, 1863-70. 

34. Day of anger, day of sighing. Horace Castle. 
The Lnivtrttty, April, 1960. 

36. The day of anger, ah that day. Henry J, Mac- 
donald, 1909. 

36. The day of wrath, ah me, the day. Robert 
McCorkle. Moentng Foit, 1868. 

3). Day of wrath, of days that day. Edward Siosson. 
Seven Great Hymns of the Church, 1866. 

38. Day of wrath, that day appalling. Sylvanus 
Phelps. Poemt, 1869. 

39. Day of wrath, that day of mourning, A. C. 
Kendrlek, Our Footfall Favourites, 1866, 

46. Lo the day. that day of Ire. Oliver Taylor, 
1869. 

41. Day of wrath, that day appalling. Anon. Hours 
at Home, 3v\j, 1660. 

42. That day of wratb, upon that day. W. G. Dix. 
Hours at Home, 1966. 

43. Dayof wrath, direful day. Charles Rockwell, 
flours at Home, 1899. 

44. That day of wrath, tlut direful day. Anon. 
Catholic Manual, 1878. 

45. Day of doom, day of terror. Anon. Cnlnoiic 
World, May, 1873. 

46. Day of wrath whose vengeful fire. Charles H, 
A. Esling, Catholic Record, 1874. 



DIES SIND DIE 

+>. U»y of Judgment, dsy of "urnlng," C. L, 
Wdser, IBJS. 

48. Day of wrath, that day undying. John Anketell. 
Atneriean Chunk Betiev), July, 1S '*' 

43. Day of wrath, that swfnl dsy. John AnketeU. 
Anurias* CAureA Jfevtew, 1ST*. 

SO. Day of wrath, thins awful morning. Samuel 
W. Dirffield. Warp and Woo/, 1ST*. 

El. Day of wrath, O day of blaming. Samuel J, 
Watson. Belfvrd't Mugon/ae, May, 1M1S. 

S3. Day of wrath the world Illuming. William W, 
Kevin. JFioMj Prill, Jan. IS, 18)8. 

S3. Day of wrath, that dreadful day. Joel Swartz. 
Lutheran Obterter, Aug. M, IBIS. 

St. day of days of anger. Anon. H. W. L. Ifte 
CAurefcmon, April 3, 18B0, 

SS. Day> toe Ireful day aflrigtrtlng. Matthias Bhee- 
l«lgh, 18S1. 

Eft. The day of wrath, that certain day. Thomas 
JtaeKellar. kyntu and a tow Metrical rtaltni, 1883; 
written in 1891, and " based on a literal rendering by 
J. Addison Campbell." 

17. Day of wrath, that day of burning. Franklin 
Johnson, ISBi. 

18. Day of vengeance, day of fire. George Davie. 
OXAoJvc World, Nov., 1884. 

09. That day of wrath, of God's dread Ire. John 
Mason Brown. Cttttolvc World; Nov., 1884. 

60. The Judgment day, that day of dread. Joseph 
J. Marrin. Catholic World, 4pril, 188!. 

ft]. Day of wrath, Oh day of horning, H. L. Has- 
tings, In his Sang I «/ fitgriwutgc, 1988. 

TLis extensive list of 133 translations of 
the Die* Iran, not hi C. IT. (73 English and 
60 American) has been compiled mainly by 
the Bev. C. F. S. Warren, and Mr. W. T. 
Brooke. To this list a few more trt. trill 
probably be added. The total number of trt. 
into English of this magnificent Sequence is 
thus oyer 150, and of these 19 renderings aro 
in C. U. in G. Britain and America. The 
nearest approach to this is the Adeste fidelet 
with 16 trt. in 0. U, and 22 not in C. U., or 
88 in all ; and EinfeeU Burg, with 18 in C. V. 
and 45 not in O. U., or a total of 63. [J. J.] 

Dies sind die heilgen sebm Oebot 
M. Luther. [Ten Commandment*.'] After the 
18th cent, the Ten Commandments began to 
be used in Germany at the confessional, and 
for the instruction of children, and iu later 
times on pilgrimages and as an introduction 
to the litany during Passiontide. Luther's 
catechetical, metrical setting 1st appeared 
in Em Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524, and thence 
in Waekernagel, iii. p. 15, in 12 st of 4 1., 
each st. ending with " Kyriolyt." Included in 
Scbiroks's ed. of Luther's GeitU. Lieder, 1854, 
p. 47, and as No. 364 in the Vnv. L. 8, 1851. 
The only tr. in C. U. is— 

That tun ■ godly life might live, in R. Hassle's 
If. Luther*! Spiritual Songs, 1854, p. 55, and 
thence, as No. 304, in the OhioLulk. Byl., 1880, 
and in Dr. Sown, 1884, p. 28. 

are the holy pom- 

.10, 1S30 (BffHUttiU, 

ISM, p. S441. ft) " htoysee upon the Mont SLaay," in 
the OvAt * Sodiit BaUatet (ed. 1668, folio s> ed. 1SSS, 
p. ft. (3) "These are the holy ten Commands." as 
So. 433, In pt. 1. of the Jftrneimt B. Bk., 1164. (4) 
" These are the holy commandments." by J. Anderson, 
1MB, p. S3 (l«*t, p. «»). (S.) " The Lord Himself from 
Sinai's hiU,* 1 by Dr. J. Hunt, 18*3, p. 83. (e) " These 
are the holy ten Commands," by Dr. O. Jtaedonald in 
the Sunday Magatinc, 18*7, p. 611, thence, altered. In 
his Exotics, 181*, p. St. [J, M.] 

Dignare ma, O Jesu, rogo To. {Se- 
curity in Chrtft Jesus.] This hymn is given 
by Daniel, ii, p. 371, bnt without any indica- 
tion of the source of the test It is found 
in the Hymnodia Sacra, Munster, 1753, p. 153, 



DITBBICH, JOHANN S. 



301 



Other trs, aie 
nts 



an : — (1) " These an 
ten," by Bp. Coverdale, 
(J) "Hoyset upon the 



and in the Psalteriolwn Gantionttm- Catholi' 
earum, Cologne, 1722, p. 318. It is tr. as — 

I. Jew, grant me this, I pray. By Sir H. W. 
Baker, written for and 1st pub. in H, A. ft II., 
1861, nnd continued in 1875. Also in other 
collections. 

S. Jetu, giant me of Thy graee. By R. F. 
Littledale, given in the People's B., 1867, and 
signed " A. L P." 

S. Jesu, Lord, to me Impart, By R. 0. Single- 
tort, written in 1867, and included, in 1868, iu 
his Anglican M. Bk. fj, J.] . 

Dilherr, Johann Michael, was b. at 

Theroor in Meitiii»f{en, Oct 14, 1604, and 
educated at the Universities of Leipzig, Alt- 
dorf and Jena. In 1646 he became first 
pastor of St, Bebald's Church, and Artistes 
of the Nil mberg clergy, and d. at NHrnberg, 
April 8, 1669. He was reckoned one of tho 
moat learned men and the greatest preacher 
of his time. Ho wrote some 60 hymns, which 
appeared in various devotional works, and in 
his Bey 1000 Atie und Neve Geistliche Psalmen, 
Lieder nnd Gebete, Nilraberg, 1654, 4c. Only 
one has been tr. : — 

Sun Inset Oettes Oilte, [SSmTi Care,] Appeared 
In his Wtg nu der SeUgkeit, NHrnberg, 1616, p. Ml, in 
1* 9V, entitled " Hymn of God's Goodness aud against 
fretting Cares." The tr- is from the form In the 
BrSdtr G. B. 1»8, Ho. 3ft?, in 8 St., beginning, " Lasst 
una mlt sutoen tVeisen." It Is tr. as "Toe prayers 
of the needy," No. 1111 In the Suppl. of 1 80S to the 
Moravian ff. Bk., 1801 (181», No.fuB). [J, M.] 

Mr, Heir, dir will iah miob ergeben. 

[For the Dying.'] This stanza has not boon 
traced farther than the German word book of 
Mendelssohn's oratorio of St, Paul (1836), 
whore it is set to Neumark's well-known 
chorale, " Wer nur den lieben Gott lasst 
walten." It reads : — 

u Dlr, Herr, dlr will leb mich ergeben, 
Dir desaep tagenthnm ich bin, 
Dn, nur allein du, blat mein Lebcit, 
Und Sterben wird tnlr dann Gewlnn, 
Ich lebo dlr, Ich sterbe dlr, 
fiey dn nur mein eo gnQgt ca mir." 

It is tr. as :— 

To Thee, Lord, i yield my spirit, The. By W. 
Ball, as part of his tr. of the word book of St. 
Paul, 1836. Included in the Leeds H. .Bi.,1853 ; 
N. Cong., 1859; Kennedy, 1863; Herder's Cong. 
Byl., 1884, and others. It is sometimes er- 
roneously ascribed to Neumark, [G. A, C.] 

Disown'd of Heaven, by man op- 
prest. J. Joyce. [On oeltalf of the Jews. 
1st appealed in the Christian Observer for 
Nov. 1809, in 5 st. of 6 1, entitled, « Hymn 
applicable to the Present Condition of the 
Jews," and signed "J. J." In 1888-5 two 
altered versions appeared almost together, 
both beginning, "O why should Israel's sons, 
once blest." One was included by Elliott in 
his P$. A Hymns, 1835, No, 137, and the 
second in Bickersteth's Christian Pealmody, 
1833, No. 408. In later hymnals BickerBtetMa 
text Ins been almost exclusively adopted, as 
found in Windle's Coll., No. 805. Hall's 
alterations in the Mitre, 1836, No. 106, have 
passed out of use, in common with those of 
Elliott and others. [J. J.] 

Diterioh, Johann Samuel, eldest son 
of A. M. Ditericb, pastor of St. Mary's Church, 



302 



DIU ROSE 1ST 



Iicrlin, was b. at Berlin, Dec. 15,1721. After 
studying fit tho Universities of Frankfurt a. 
Oder, and Halle, ho was for some time a private 
tutor in Berlin. Ho was, in 1718, appointed 
diacouus of St. Mary's Church, in lfcrlm, and 
regimental chaplain, becoming, in 1751, archi- 
diaconus, and, in 1751, pastor of St. Mary's. 
In 17(53 ho was appointed private Chaplain to 
the Queen, and in 1770 a member of tho 
Supreme Cunsistory. He d. at Berlin, Jan. 
14, 1707 {Koch, vi. 228-231 ; Allg. Detitscte 
Biog., v. 258-259). His hymns appeared in 
tho following works : — 

(1) Licderfiir den iitfentliehen GottesdCenst. TJcrlln, 
17o5, with I'M hymns, edited by himself mid iiis col- 
leagues In fit. Mary's Church. Designed as a supple- 
ment to Forst's G. B. of 1713. (3) Getangbueh turn 
*/ottesdienttlichen GebraucX in den iLoniffliehrPrcue- 
tirchen Landen. Berlin, 1180, with 447 hymns princi- 
pally edited by himself. (3) Gesanffbuch fUr die hdut- 
SicAs Andacht. Berlin, 17S7, with 421 hymns, princi- 
pally of recent date. 

None of these books give names of authors. Dltcrlch 
seems tuhave contributed »bouM 00 hymns either original 
or entirely recast, besides rewriting portions of many 
others, lie distinguished himself as a leader Jn the 
uutarwy processor "modernising" and "Improving" 
the older German hymns, by which tbey were reduced 
to 18th cent. " correctness," and had alt the life polished 
out of them. His 176S collection formed the model 
of many wretched hymn-books, and his Influence is 
even eeen fn such recent collections as the Hamburg 
tr. B., W42, the Nassau Q. B., 1844, and the G. B.fur 
die evang. Landtskirche im- Grossherrogtum SOehten, 
Weimar, 1883. 

A number of the recasts from the older 
hymns which appear under Diterich's name 
are noted in this Dictionary under the names 
of their original authors. The following' may 
be regarded as practically original : — 

i. Solum iat dor Ixg Ton ttott baitammt. [Second 
jltat.] 1765, as above, No. 120, in 8 st. of 
7 1. Included as Mo. 390 in the Nassau O. B., 
181*. The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

the trumpet sounds ! the day ia com* 1 A full 
and good tr. in Dr. H. Mills's Horae Gcr., 1815 
(ed. 1856, p. 332). Dr. Hatfield included st. i., 
iv,, vi., vii., altered, in his Ch. H, Bh., 1872, 

Tlie following, although not in English 
C. XT., are available for hymnological pur- 
poses : — 

il. Anf Eiden Wahdwit auambrsitau. Christ'* 
Ministry, 1787, aft above, Ho. 10, in 10 at. Tr. by 
Dr. n, Milli, is45 (ed. less, p. 2S3), as " That men to 
truth might not be strangers." 

iii, AnfJ Jssu Jttngar! fhnut suchl Ascension, 
11115, as above, No. 79, in 12 St., and is based on E. 
Albcr's hymn "Nun freut euch Gottes Kinder all" 
(q. v.). Two fcrms have been tr. (1) " Auf, Christen, 
auf und fiteuet euoh," in the Berlin G. B. nso. No. 
114; fr. as "Rejoice, ye saints, your fears be gone," by 
Dr. R. MSLlt, 181* (cd. 1856, p, 334) ; and (2) " Ihi 
Jtinger Jesu, freuet euch," in the Trier G. B. (R. CO, 
1S46, p. 84. Tr. as " KeVrice, ye saints, in glad accord," 
by l)r. It. F. LiUleiaU, iu Lyra Messianica, 1664, p. 371. 

iv. Herr, meuier Seele grossea Vnfhi Greatness of 
the Soul. 1765, as above, No. 105, in 9 st. Tr. tty Dr. 
II. HiUs, 1845 (ed. less, p. 30), as "Lord, on the wul's 
enduring worth." 

v. Main Heiland lett, Er hat die Hacht. Jlasw™- 
(ton of the Dead. 17S5, as ahove, No. 123,1ns st. Tr. 
by Ilia Mantngton, 1843, p, 76, " My Saviour lives, and 
lie the m!ght, ,r 

vi, O Jam, wsJirorFri m i nug -kcit. Jentt our JframjAc. 
Seems to have been suggested lay J. J, Rambach's " Du 
wcsentliches Ehenblld ^n his Haus O. &., 1735, No. 84. 
1st pub. 17sn, as abnve, No. 59, in s st. Tr. by Dr. IT, 
Milt, 1846 (ed. 1858, p. 285), as " Jeaua, of what we 
Bbould approve." f"J 4 H.1 

Dili rose let diu schoeneto under alls 
bliieta. [_T!te Beauty of the World.] Wacker* 
nagel, ii. p. 117, quotes this 12tii cent, hymn in 



DIX, WILLIAM C. 

13 !., from a Jena Ma., tlirough F. H. von dor 
Hagen's edi of Uio Miiitietinger (pts. i.-iv., 
Leipzig, 1838, pt. v., Berlin, 1856). Tr. as « O 
Rose ! of the flowers, I ween, thou art faii-est," 
fay Mm Winhaottk, 1869, p. 11. [J. M.] 

Divtaa oreaoebaa Puer. Jean BaptUtn 
de SauteSil. [Boipftany.] 1st pub. in his 
Hymnt Sasri et Novi, 1680, p. 11, and 1698, p. 
71, in 1 st of i 1. In the revised Pari* 
Breviary of 1736 it was appointed as the 
hymn for the Sundays at Lauds, from tho 
Feast of tho Circumcision to the Presentation 
of the Lord, unless Septuagesima Sunday 
should occur before tlie latter. It is also in 
the Lyons and other modern French Bre- 
viaries. Text also in Chandler's Hys. of the 
P. Church, 1837, No. 51; Card. Newman's 
Hymni Ecclesiac,183&-65. and Bias's H.A.& 
M., with Annotations, 1867, No. 62. There ia 
no doxology in the original. [W. A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, In stature grow* the heavenly child. By J. 
Chandler, in his Hys. k>f the J'j'tm, Church, 1837, 
p. 57, with doxology from the Pari* Breviary, 
mid in the 1811 ed., No. 32. This tr. is in 
numerous hymn-books, and sometimes with 
slight alterations, as in Taring's Coll. and others, 

t. The hsavsaly Child in itaturs grow*. This 
tr. was given in II. A. $ M., in 1881, and is con- 
tinued in the revised ed, 1875. It is J. Chand- 
ler's tr. as above, with alterations by J, Keblo. 
Outside of H, A. fr if. its use is limited. 

Tnnalatwna net in C. V. : — 

1. And Thou art growing up, O Child divine! /. 
PFVJIiams, IBM. 

2. Thou didst grow, O Babe divine. IP. J. Blew. 
1862-56. 

3. In wisdom, stature, Heavenly grace. J. D. Cham, 
ben. 1857. [J. J.J 

Dix, William Chatterton, s. of Joint 
Dix, surgeon, of Bristol, author of the Life of 
Chatterton; Local Legends, &c, b. at Bristol, 
Juno 11, 1837, and educated at the Grammar 
School of that city. Mr. Chatterton Dix's 
contributions to modem hymnody are nu- 
merous and of value. His fine Epiphany 
hymn, "As with gladness men of old, and 
his plaintive "Come unto Me, ye weary," are 
examples of his compositions, many of which 
Tank nigh amongst modern hymns. In his 
Hymns of Love and Joy, 1881, Altar Songs, 
Vertee on the Holy Euelutrist, 1867 ; Vinton 
of AU Saints, &c, 1871; and Seekers of a 
City, 1878, some of his compositions were 
first published. The greater part, how- 
ever, were contributed to H. A. & M. ; St. 
Raphael's if. Bk., 1861 ; Lyra Bucharidica, 
lSu'8 ; Lyra Messfonica, 1361 ; Lyra Mystica, 
1865; The People's H., 1867; The Hymnary, 
1872 ; Oaitrch Hymns, 1871, and others, 
Many of his contributions are renderings 
in metrical form of Dr. Littledalo's rr. fiom 
the Greek in his Offices . . . of Gie lldy 
Eastern Church, 1863 ; and of the Eev. J. if. 
BodwoU's tr, of hymns of the Abyssinian 
Church. These renderings of tho " songs of 
other Churches " have not received the atten- 
tion they deserve, and tlie sources from whence 
they come are practically unknown to most 
hymnal compilers. Mr. Bix has also written 
many Christmas and Easter carols, the most 
widely known of which is "The Manger 
Throne." In addition to detached pieces in 



DO NO SINtfUL ACTION 

prose and verso for various magazines, lie has 
published two devotional works, Light ; and 
The Risen Life, 1883 ; and a hook of instruc- 
tions for children entitled The Pattern Life, 
1885. The last-named contains original 
hymns by Mr. Dix not given elsewhere In 
addition to the more iinjrortant of Mr. Dix's 
hymns which aw annotated under their re- 
spective first lines, the following are also in 
O. U. :~ 

1. God oometh, let the heart prepare. Adeent. In Lis 
Vition of All Sainti, &c„ isH. 

8. Holy, holy, halt, to Thee our vowa we pay. JWy 
Comnunvm. Pub. in bib ^Ifar SVniw, 1S67, In 4 at. or 
6 1., and beaded " Encharietic l'TOceSBiorml for Dedication 
resit." In the B. T. C. K. (Autos fljri., 1371, and 
others in en abridged form. 

8. Hew long, lord, how lonjr, we ask. p&Kind 
Adwnf. Appeared in the Appendix to the S. P. C. K. 
Pi. it ifyt., I860, and repeated in several collections. 

i. In our work ud in our play. (ftiJdren'j //jimit. 
I'oli. in bis ffjri. on* Cardtt for OtUdren, 1869, and is 
largely adapted in chikirens bymn-booluj, as Mrs. 
BnxVs Chudren't B. Sk„ 1881, and others. Also In 
the S. P. C. K. Chart* Byt., mi. 

6. In tiie hollow of Thine hand. For Fttir Weather. 
Appeared in tho Pw&e't B., 18K1, and repeated in seve- 
ral others. 

8. Joy ills our inmost heart to-day. Ckrittmiu. 
Printed In tbe Chttrch Timet, and then an a Fly- 
/heet by G. J. Palmer, as tbe third of Four Joyful Bui. 
tor Chrittmat, circa 1SSS. It 1b in the B.V, 0. K. 
Church Byt., mi, and other hymnals. Itisalsooiioof 
Mr. IMk'o Chrdlmai Cattaittt * Chrittmat Carole, h.d. 

I. loft up your songs, ye thankful. St. Atnfrimc. 
Contributed to the People' t B., 1SCI. 

8. Now in numbers softly flowing! St. Cartlia. 
Contributed to the PeopWiB.. IBM. 

9. How, our Pather, we adore Thee, Praise to the 
Rither. Appeared In tbe Appendix to the S. F. G. K. 
Pi, & Byt., 1889. 

lit. OGIhrist, ThonSosofXanr, St. fritpin. First 

C" ited In the Fnim Acpfew, Sept., 1886, and thence 
thePmpte'i «, 186T. 

II. Cross whioh only oust atlay. Glorying and 
Tntttivgjn the Crois. Pub. in the Peoples B., 1B8?. 

IS. Thou the Eternal Bon of God, Good Friday. 
Appeared in f.yra Messiantea., IBM ; the author's Byt. 
(iMcf Carole for Children, 1800 1 tbe S. P. C. K. Charek 
Bye., lB71,&c 

13. On the water* dark and drear. Far use at Son, 
Tu(>. in Hfi.for Pub. Worship, *c. _(St. Raphael's, Bris- 
tol), 1BG1 ; the S. P, C. IE. Church Byt., 18T1, to, 

14. Only one prayer to-day, Aih~Wedneeday. Con- 
trlbnted to tho People'* B., 1807. 

15. Bittint at receipt of custom. St. jfaKfteic. Ap- 
peared to the People'* B., 188). 

16. The Cross is on thy hrow. Confirmation. In 
the 1869 Appendix to tbe S. P. 0. K, Pt. * Byt. 

17. The stars shove oar head. Work and Buailtty, 
In the 18W jtmxndii to the S. P. C. K. Ft. A Byt, 

IB, When the ahsdei of night are falling. Evening 
Hymn to the Good Shepltcrd. In the author's Seeker* 
o/o<?«y,&c,[ms]. 

Most of Mr. Dix's beat-known hymns, and 
also some of those named abovei, are in C. V, 
in America and other English-speaking coun- 
tries. In ft. Britain and America from 33 to 
40 are in C. U. He d. Sept. 9, 1898. [J. J.] 

Do no sinful action. C. F. Alexander, 

nee Humphrey*. [OhihXren to be Christ-lilte.'] 
Appeared in her Hyt. for Little Children, 
1818, No. 5, on "The first promiso. Tore- 
nonnoe the devil and all iiis works," in 7 st 
of 4 1. It is in Mrs. Brock's Children's if. 
Bk., No. 232, Common Pmiie, and others. 

Do not I love Tiee, O my Lord P P. 

Doddridge. [St. JPeter't love of CftrW.] This 
hymn is not in the d, iibs. It was 1st pub. in 
J, Orion's posthumous cd. of Doddridge's 
Symat, &c, 1755, No. 24G, in 7 bt of 4 ].. 
and headed, " Appeal to Christ for the sin- 



DOANE, GEORGE W, 



303 



cerity of Love to Him.'" It is based on St. 
Peter's answer to Christ, " Lord, Thou 
knowest nil tilings. Thou knowest that I love 
Thee." In 1830 it was repeated in J, I). 
Humphreys's cd. of Doddridge's Hymnt, &?.. 
Its two in America is extensive [see Eng- 
lish Hymnody, Early, § XIV.]. [J. J,] 

Doane, Cteorge Washington, i>.d. 
Bishop Doane was b. at Trenton, N. Jersey, 
May 27, 1799, and graduated at Union College, 
Schenectady, New York. Ordained in 1821, 
he was Assistant Minister at Trinity Church, 
New York, till 1824. In 1824 he became a 
Professornt Trinity Collego, Hartford, Couu.; 
in 1828 Eector of Trinity Church, Boston; 
and, in 1332, Bishop of New Jersey. He 
founded St. Mary's Hall, Burlington, 1S37, 
and Bnrlington College, Burlington, lb'4(J. 
Died April 27, 1859. Bishop Doane's excep- 
tional talents, learning, and force of character, 
mado him one of the great prelates of hid 
time. His warmth of heart secured devoted 
friends, who still cherish his memory with 
revering affection. He passed throngh monv 
and severe troubles, which left their mark 
upon his later verse. He was no mean poet, 
and « few of his lyrics are among our best. 
His Work*, in 4 vols., with Memoir by his son, 
were published in 1860. He issued in 1824 
iSonfls 6jf the Waj/, a small volume of great 
merit and interest. This edition is now rare. 
A second edition, much enlarged, appeared 
after his death, iu 1859, and a third, in small 
ito, in 1875. These include much matter of 
a private nature, such as he would not himself 
have given to the world, and by no means 
equal to his graver and more careful lyrics, on 
which alone his poetic fame must reist. 

The edition of 1821 contains stvoial im- 
portant hymns, some of whioh have often cir- 
culated without bis name. Two of these are 
universally known as his, having been adopted 
by the American Prayer Book Coll., 1626 :— 

1, EofUy now the light of day, .Efccninj. This, 
in addition to its use in American hymnals, its 
also found in the English. Collections, including 
Snepp's 80031 of G. 4- C. Written in 1824. 

9. Thnt art the way, to Thes alone, Christ 
the Way. This, in the judgment of many, is the 
first of American hymns, and one of the most 
admirable and useful in the English language. 
In tho United States its use is most extetiaire, 
and since its introduction into the English Col- 
lections by Bicker&teth in 1833, Hall in hi^ 
Mitre, in 1836, and others, it has grown in 
favour until it ranks with tbe most popular 
of the great English hymns. 

Near in merit to the foregoing stands a 
companion pieoo iu the same work, which 
deserves to be hotter known : — 

S. Lord, should we leave Thy hallowed feet. 

The neit three have been overlooked at 
home, but have obtained considerable circu- 
lation in English Collections. 

t, Father of mereies hear, Thy pardon we Im- 
plore, Ash Wednesday or Lent. A translation 
of " Audi, benigne Conditnr" (q.v.), pub. in his 
Songs Ig the Way, 1824, together with several 
other translations, thus anticipating by twelve 
years the great English movement in that direc- 
tion, Orig. tr, in his Songs by the Way, 1S75 



304 



DOANE, W. H. 



Miller (S £ &., p. 12) attributes this (,■. to Dr. 
JTeale ia error. 

(. BstniB and Han* to God. /ittrifafibit. In 
his Songs, &c, 1834, It is found in Hill's 
Jftfrs, 1836 ; the 5op. Hymnal, 1879, and several 
others. 

S. To theft, Lord, with dawnlaff light. Morn- 
ing. Thia hymn is attributed to Heber by 
Miller (8. f/ fi, p. 381) in error. It ia included 
in the S. P. C. K. Hymns, 1852 ; in Windle and 
others. It is from the Songs, &c, 1824. 

Hie later hymns, the dates of which are 
generally preserved in tlio last ed. of his 
Song* by the Way, include the following, 
which are more or less in uso :— 

7. Beloved, it ia veil. All v>ell in Christ. Thia 
is entitled_"To my wife"; is dated liar. 12, 
1833, aud was written in a copy of Dr. Bedell's 
"It is well." It is given in Kennedy, 18oJ. 

I. Broken-hearted, weop no mere. Assurance of 
Peace. The date of this hymn is not preserved, 
it is found as early as 1829, when it appeared in 
the 2nd ed. of Cleland's (Baptist) Hymns. 

9. Fling out the tanner, let it flout, Jfmiuna, 
Home $ Foreign. This hymn, sometimes dated 
1824 in error, was written at Riverside, 2nd 
Sun. in Advent, 1S48, and is one of the author's 
latest effusions. It is in extensive use both 
in Of. Britain and America. 

10. Be emu net with His heavenly crown. !flte 
two Advents. In his Songs by the Way, ed. 1875, 
this poem is da tod Dee. 1827. In Dale's Eng- 
lish H. Bk., 1879, it is given with the omission 
of st. iii., and in the American Protestant Epi- 
scopal Hymnal, 1871, it begins with st. iv., 
"Once more, O Lord, Thy sign shall be." Foil 
tert in Lyra Sac. Amer., p. 92. 

II. lift not thou the wailing voiee. Burial. A 
funeral hymn, adopted by the Anglican Hy. Bk., 
but dated 1826 in error, for 1830. 

IS. 711111 fa that, mother ? Tho lark, my child. 
This is not a hymn, but a familiar and long 
popular song. 

IS, VTbm darkness erst [ones] at Sod's command. 
Israel in Egypt. In Kennedy, 1863, Ko. 722. 

If. Young; and happy while thou art. Youth 
for Christ. A favonrite piece in many juvenile 
collections. It is dated Sept., 1827, and is given 
in Songs by the Way, 1S75. 

The Lyra Sac. Amer. also contains the 
following : — 

la. Brightness of the Father's glory. Morning. 
A tr. of "Consors Pateroi luminis" (q.v.). It isi 
from the Songs, &c, 1824. 

U, Child that knesbst meekly then. Child at 
Prayer, Suggested by a cast from a piece of 
sculpture hy Greenough representing a child at 
prayer. 

17. Grant me, Lord, Thy gnoss t&rtt, faith, 
Hope, and Charity desired. 

IS, Ferfeot through suffering may it be. Uses 
of suffering. Dated in Songs by the Way, " The 
Breakers, June 1, 1853," 

IS. Yes, it is a faithful saying, Redemption. 
In his Songs, &c, 1824, " [F. M, B.] 

Boane, W. H., b. in Preston, Connecticut, 
1831, and educated for the musical profession 
hy eminent American and German masters. 
He has liad for years the superintendence of 
a large Baptist Snnday School in Cincinnati, 
Ohio, where he resides. Although uotn bymn- 



DOBER, ANNA 

writer, the wonderful success which lias at- 
tended his musical setting of numerous 
American hymns, and the number of his 
musical editions of hymn-books for Sunday 
Schools 2-iJ Evangelistic purposes, bring him 
within tho sphero of hymnological literature. 
Amongst his collections we have : — 

(l) Silver Spray, 1BG8; (s) Pare (told, ISJT; (») 
Rouat Diadem, lgrsj (4) Welcome Tidings, 1S11; (sj 
Brightest and Sett, 1875; (e) Mitdnn o/ SonVi 
[1) Songs of Deeotion, 1810 i (B) Temple Anthemi, fee. 

His most popular melodies include " Near 
the Cross," "Safe in the Anns of Jesus," 
" Pass me not," " More Love to Thee," « Res- 
cue tho perishing," " Tell mo the old, old 
Story," fie [J. J.] 

Dobiil, John, b. 1757, d. May, 1840, was 
n port-gnuger under the Board of Excise, at 
Poole, Dorset, and a person of some local 
note. In 1806 he published : — 

A -tow Seltetion iff Seven Mtmdred Evangelical Hymns 



for Private, -Family, and Public Worship («n»jr 
Original} from more than two hundred of the best 
Authors in England, Scotland, Ireland, ana .America, 



Arranged in alphabetical order j Intended at a Supple- 
ment to Dr. Watts's Psalms and Hymns. Hy John 
Dobell. Land., Williams and Smith, isog. 

Subsequently this Set. was increased to 
"■More them Eight Hundred" hymns, and the 
wording of the title-page was changed in, 
several instances. Dobell's account of this 
work is : — 

" The hymns here presented to the public I have 
collected from more than two hnndred snthoia i many of 
them an taken from Manuscripts which 1 deemed too 
valuable to be snEcted to reinam in obscurity, end some 
hare been supplied by friends. Aa this work hsa been 
the labour of revs, and tbc choice of many thousand 
hymns, It will, I trust, give satisfaction to tho Church 
of God." Prtfaee, p. ill. 

In addition to a work on £aptf*m,1807, and 
anottier on Humanity, 1812, Dobell also 
published; — 

Tnc Ohrlttlan's Golden Treasure ; or T Gotpet Comfort 
for Doubting ifinds, 1E23. This work was fii two vols., 
the first of which contained 134 bymns, several of which 
were by Dobell. 

Of this writer's hymns very few are found 
in modern hymn-books. We have from the 
1800 book: — (l)"Comc, dearest Lord, and 
bless this day " (Sunday Morning); (2) "Great 
Ruler of the earth and skies " (In time of 
War) ; (S) "Now U the accepted time," 
(Invitation) — in C, IT. in G. Britain and 
America, out of twenty or more. It is not 
as a hymn-writer, but as a diligent and 
successful hymnologist, that J. Dobell is best 
known, [J. J.] 

Dober, Anna, n£e Sobindler, was b. 
April 9, 1713, at Kunewald, near Fnlnek, 
Moravia. She went to Hermhut in 1725, 
and in 1730 joined her friend and towns- 
woman, Anna Nitechmann (q.v.), in forming 
the " Jungfrauenbund " (i. Cor. vii. 82-31, 
Rev. xiv. 4)of the unmarried sisters at Herm- 
hut. On July IS, 1737, she became the wife 
of L. J. Dober (oonseerated Bishop, 1742, d. 
at Herrnhut,17©6), then General Elder of the 
Moravian Church. After assisting him in his 
labours for the conversion of the Jews nt 
Amsterdam, she d. at Marienborn, near Bii- 
dingen, Hesse-IJarrastadt, Dec. 12. 1739 {Koch, 
vi. 824). A faithful and gifted servant of 
Christ, she was the author of numerous hymiw, 
full of personal devotion to her Lord, and of 



DODDBIDGE, PHILIP 

deep trust in Him ; which passed into the 
Moravian collection*, that of 1778 containing 
18 by her. 

Or one written May it, IV 36, beginning "Sosser 
Helland deiner Gtiade" [No. 1WS In Appendix It, to 
tbe BnrnAul 0. B„ 173S, la 13 at. of +1., and «r. u 
" Fit greater than one thought or could suppose," u 
So. M inpt.ll. of the Howwian IT. Bk., 1164; at.lv.- 
xtU. already m No, 2S in ma], Sack eaya at. It., v. 
nave become almoet a Confession of Faith amoog the 
Moravian!. 

The only one of her hymns which has 
passed into use outside the Moravian hymn- 
books is: — 

Da heiliees Krai, {The Lamb of God.] 1st 
pub. in Appendix iii. to the Hermhtt &. B., 
1735, No. 104*1, in 10 st. of 5 1. In the BrBder 
Q. B^ 1778, No, 368, st. viii. in omitted. The 
ODly tr. in C. U. ia : — 

Heir Jtamt, who That rectta, a free (r. in 8 at. 
of 4 1., by J. Wesley, in H. and Sac. Poems, 1740 
(P. Works, 1888-72, vol. i. p. 380). Thence in 
full aa No. 39 in the Moravian S. Bk., 1742, but 
abridged and altered in later eds. In 1801, No. 
274, is st. l.-iv. from the 1789, which begine, 
"Lamb of God, who Thee receive,'' and at. vi.-viL 
rewritten from Wesley's st. v.-viii. (1888, No. 
308). St. i.-iv. of this 1801 arrangement are in 
Montgomery's Christian Pealmist, 1825, and £1' 
liott's Pe. $■ Hys., 183S. The original form was 
given in fall as No. 28 in H. and Spiritual Songs, 
1753, and repeated as No. 340 in the Wes. H. Bk. 
1780 (ed. 1875, No. 350). St. i., iii.-v., viii., 
slightly altered, were adopted as No. 78 in 
Mercer's C. P. and H. Bk., 1B55 (Ox. ed., 1864, 
No. 373). Other cento* are found in the N. 
Cong., 1859 ; Psalmist, 1878, and in America in 
the Heth. Epis. Hymns, 1849 ; the Baptist Service 
of Song, 1871; Hatfield's Ch. H. Bk., 1872, Sic 
Other forms in C. U. are: — 

1. Illwaed bed, who Xhee receive, st. 1, 3, 4, 8, 
altered as in the Rugby Sokoot H. Bk., 1350-1876 ; 
Kennedy, 1863, and others. 

1. Father, thsj who The* receive, st. 1, 3, 4, 8, 
in Hedge and Huntington's Coll., Boston, U. 3., 
1853; and the Plymouth (M-, 1855. 

S, Her/ Lord, who The* motive, at, 1 , 3, 4, 8, 
in the Irish Ch. Hyl, 1869-73. 

4. Lamb of God, who Thse nesivs, st. 1, 3, 4, of 
Wesley altered, and two at. baaed on Wesley's 
5, 8, in Bickersteth's Chr. Psalmody, 1833. 

Another tr. is, " Child born wlthoot sin," in full, aa 
No. 189 in the Appendix, of 1T13, to the Moravian 
B. Bk., 1141. [J. M.] 

Doddridge, Philip, ».»., was b. in Lon- 
don, Juno 26, 1702, His grandfather was one 
of the ministers under the Commonwealth, 
who were ejected in 1662. His father was 
n London oilman. He was offered fay the 
Duchess of Bedford an University training 
for ordination iu the Ch. of England, but 
declined it He entered Mr. Jennings's Non- 
conformist seminary at Kibworth instead ; 
preached his first sermon (eotat 20) at Hinck- 
ley, to wiiich Mr. Jennings had removed 
his academy. In 1723 he was chosen pastor 
at Kibworth. In 17'25 he changed hie resi- 
dence to Market Harborough, still minister- 
ing at Kibworth. The settled work of his 
life as a preceptor and divine began in 1729, 
with his appointment to the Castle Hill Meet- 
ing at Northampton, and continued till in the 
lost stage of consumption he sailed to Lisbon, 
in 1751, where he died October 26, the same 



DODDRIDGE, PHILIP 305 

year. Two hundred pupils in all, gathered 
from England, Scotland and Holland, were 
prepared in Ms seminary, chiefly for the dis- 
senting^ ministry, but partly for professions. 
The wide range of subjects, including daily 
readings in Hebrew and Greek, Algebra, 
Trigonometry, Watts*s Logic, outline of Philo- 
sophy, and copious Divinity, ia itself a proof 
of Doddridge's learning. He was presented 
with his »,». degree by the University of 
Aberdeen. His fame as a divine, combined 
with his wide sympathies and gentle, unaf- 
focte:! goodness, won for him the friendship of 
Watts, Col. Gardiner and Hervey, and the 
esteem of Seeker and Warburton. He wel- 
comed the work of Wesley and Whitefleld, 
and entertained the latter on his visit to 
Northampton. His Biso and Pragma of Re- 
ligion in the Soul and The Family Expositor 
both did good work in their day. For 
criticism of his hymns see BagiJah Hrmnody, 
Baiiy, § xrv. PH. L. B.] 

After Dr. Doddridge's death his hymns were 
pub. by his friend Job Orton, in 1755, as : — 

" B)fm.ns founded on Various Skxti {n the Holy Scrip, 
tura. By the late Reverend Philip Doddridge, D.D. 
PvMiihcifram la* Author's JK»niicri|>( bjt Jib Orion 
. . . Salop. Printed by J. Eddowes and J. Cotton, Ac. 

Concerning tbe text of the hymns, Orton 
says in his Preface : — 

" There may perhaps lie some trnprofnletiu, owing to 
my not being able to read the Author's manuscript In 
particular places, and being obliged, without a poetical 
genlua. to supply those deficlences, whereby the beauty 
of tbe atanu may be greatly defaced, though the sense 
Is preserved," 

The 1st ed. contained 370 hymns ; the 2nd, 
1759, 374 ; and tbe 3rd, 1766, and later eds, 
375. In 1839 Doddridge's great-grandson re- 
edited tbe hymns from the original lis., and 
pub. the same as: — 

Scriptural Bymnt by the Ben. Philip Doddridge, D.D. 
New and corrected edition containtsy/ many hymns 
never be/are printed. JHitcd from the Original, Doeu- 
nentt by the Author's great^randton, John Doddridge 
Buuphreyt, Stq. Load. I>arton & Clark, 1B3S. 

This work contains 22 additional hymns. 
The text differs in many instances from Or- 
ton's, but these changes have not come into 
CD. In addition to the ms. used by Orton 
and J. D. Humphreys, another containing 100 
hymns (five of which are not in any ed. of the 
Hymns), all in the author's handwriting, and 
most of them dated, is referred to in this 
Dictionary as tho"D.itss." It is the property 
of Mr, W. 8. Booker and family. A Ms., not 
in Doddridge's handwriting, of 77 "Hymns 
by P. Doddridge, Mar. 16, 17&" is in tbe 
possession of Mr. W. T. Brooke. Theexistenoe 
of these «ss. is accounted for from the fact 
that Doddridge's hymns were freely circulated 
in MS. during his lifetime. It is from his 
correspondence with B. Blair (q.v.) that the 
few compositions traceable to him iu the 
Scottish Trans. & Paraphrases were derived. 

Tho hymns by Doddridge which have 
attained to 1he greatest popularity are: — 
** Awake, my soul, stretch every nerve " ; 
" Do not I love Thee, O my Lord ? " " Grace 
'tis a charming sound" ; "Hark, the glad 
sound, the Saviour comes" ; " My God, and is 
Thy table spread?" "O happy day, that 
fixed my choice"; "O God of Jacob [Bethel], 
by Whose liand " ; " Seo Israel's gentle Shep- 



306 



DODDRIDGE, PHILIP 



herd stand"; "Ye servants of tlie Lord." 
These hymns, with many besides, arc anno- 
tated under their respective first lines. Of 
the test, taken from the Hymns, Ac, 1755, 
the following are also in C. II. :— 

I. Behold the gloomy vale. Death anticipated. 

a. Behold the Cheat Physician etande. Christ the 
Physician. 

3, Captives of Israel, bear. Spiritual Deliveranct. 

i. Eternal God, out wondering souls. Enoch's PUty 
n»d Translation. 

5, Eternal Source of life and thought, gvig'eet&m to 
the Pother. 

tt. Kxaltcd Prince of Lift, we own. Christ the Prince 
tint? &nn0Uf*, 

?. Father Divine, tbe Saviour cried, Christ's Sub- 
mission to the Father. 

8. Father Divine, Tby piercing eye. Secret Prayer. 

9. Father of mercies, send Thy grace. Sympathy. 
The Good Samaritan, 

ID. Go, ssith tbe Lord, proclaim my grace. Fargive- 
ncit, 

II. Godot Eternity, from Thee. Redeeming the Time. 
19, God of my lift, through all its [my} days. Prais- 

ing God continually. 

13. Ood of salvation, we adore. Praise to God for 
Redemption. 

14. Great Father of mankind. Gentiles brought into 
the Church. 

15. (Ireat God, ire emg that mighty hand. The Ken 
Tear. 

16. Great Leader of Thine Ierael'e host. During 
Persecution. 

17. Great Lord of angels, we adore. Ordination. 

18. Great Spirit of immortal lore. Parity of Start 
desired. 

19. Great Teacher of Thy Church, we own, The 
Divine Precepts. 

30. Hat], everlasting Prince of Peace. Sympathy. 

91. Hall to the Prince of life and peace, Praise to 
Christ. 

39. Hear, gracious [Saviour] Sovereign, from Thy 
throne. The Mlestings of theH. Spirit desired. 

33. How gentle God's commands. Cod's Care of Hit 
Own. 

91. How rich Thy favours, God of grace. God and 
His Lining Temple. 

a&. How swift the torrent flows [toIIb}. Our Fathers, 
vihert ate (hey? 

36. Jesus the Lord, our souls adore. Christ the 
Vorerunnor, 

37. Jean?, we own Thy Sovereign hand. Christ to be 
fatly known hereafter. 

98. Loud let the tuneful trumpet sound. Gospel 
Jubilee. 

96. My gracious Lord, I own Thy right. Life in 
Jesus. 

30. My [Dear'] Saviour, I am [we are] Thine. Joined 
to Christ through the Spirit. 

31. My soul, with all thy waking powers. Tht Choice 
i\f Moses, 

32. Now let out voices Join. Singing in the ways of 
God. 

33. inured Majesty of heaven. Lent. 

34. O Zion, tnne thy voice. Glory of the Church of 
Christ. 

36. Peace, lis the Lord Jehovah's hand. Ilegignatim. 

3U, Praieo the Lord of boundless might. The Father 
»/ Lights. 

3T, Praise to Thy Name, Eternal God. Crototh in 
C/jxice desired. 

3B. Kemurk, my eoul, the narrow bounde. The .v™ 
Tear. 

39. Itepeoi, the Voice celestial cries. Lent. 

4ft. Return, my roving heart, return. Heart com- 
muning. 

41. Salvation, melodious eouud. God our Salvation. 

43. Saviour of men, and Lord of love. Jtinirtry and 
Death of Christ. 

43. Searcher of bcarte, before Thy face, Peter to 
Simon Hagut. 

44. Shepherd of Israel, Then dost keep. Induction 
or Settlement of a Minister. 

46. Sblna forlh, eternal Source of light. Knowledge 
of God desired. 

46. Shine on onr souls, eternal God. Sunday. 

41, Sing, ye redeemed of the Lord. Joy on tftaiRmie- 
uord Way. 

48. Sovereign of life, before Thine eye. Lift and Death 
in God's hands. 

49. The darkened tky, how thick tt lours. Sorrow 
Solleutcd ey jov, 



DORINO, CARL A. 

60. The dny approacbetb, my soul. Judgment 
anticipated. 

fil. Tbe King of heaven Hla table spreads. The ffol- 
pcl feast. 

69. Tbe promisee I sing. The unchanging promitet 
Iff God. 

63. Tbe ewift-dcclining day. Walk in the Light. 

64. These mortaljoys, how soon they lade. Treasures, 
perishable and JStemal. 

£6. Thy Judgments cry aloud. Retributive Provt- 
dence, 

£6. Thy presence, Evtrbetlng God. Omnipresence 
of the father. 

67. T Tis mine, the covenant of Hla grace. Heath 
anticipated. 

68. To Thee, my. God; my daye are known. Life 
under the eye of God. 

58. To-morrow, Lord, is Thine. Uncertainty of 
Life. 

80. Triumphant Lord, Thy goodness reigns. The 
Divine Goodness. 

61. Triumphant Zlou, lift thy bead. The Church 
Purified and Guarded. 

62. Unite my roving thoughts, unite. Peace. 

63. What mysteries, Lord, in Tbee combine. Christ, 
tht First and Last. 

64. While on the verge of life I stand. Death anti- 
cipated with Joy. 

66. With extacy of Joy. Christ the living Stone. 

66. Ye golden lamps of heaven, farewell. Heaven 
opening, 

67. Ye hearts with youthful vigour warm. The Young 
tncomraaed, 

63. Ye humble aoula, that seek the Lord. Easter. 

69. Ye sons of men, with Joy record. Praise of the 
Work* of God. 

70. Yes, the Redeemer rose. JEatter. 

In Dr. Hatficld'a CTtureA R. Bit., N. Y., 
1872, Nos. 9, 12, 14, 15, 21, 23, 25, 29, 30, 32, 
34, 35, 39, 40, 44, 47, 51, 61, 64, 65, 67, 69, 
70, as above, are dated 1740. What authority 
there may he for this date we cannot say, 
these hymns not being in any " s. atss." with 
whioh we are acquainted, and no dates arc 
given in the Hymns, &c, 1755. Some later 
American editors have copied this dato from 
Dr. Hatfield. 

Doddridge's hymns aro largely' used by 
Unitarians both in G. Britain and America. 
As might be expected, the Congregationalisms 
also draw freely Bom his stores. The Baptists 
como next In the hymnals of the Church of 
England the choicest,only ore in use. Tukcn 
together, over one-third of his hymns aw in 
0. U, at the present time. [J. J.] 

Donne, John, ».»,, b. in London, 1573, 
and educated ns a Roman Catholic, but at the 
age of nineteen ho embraced Anglicanism. 
He acted for some time as Secretary to I>ord 
Chancellor Ellesmero. At the desireof King 
James he took Holy Orders, and rising to 
great famo as a preacher, had the offer of 
fourteen livings during the first year of his 
ministry. He was chosen, in 1617, preacher 
nt Lincoln's Inn. In 1621 he became Dean of 
St. Paul's, and soon afterwards Vicar of St 
Dnnstan's in the West. Died 1631, and was 
buried in St. Paul's. His work as a Pout and 
Divine is set forth by I. Walton in his Live*. 
He was tho author of the plaintive hymn, 
« Wilt Thou forgive," &a (q. v.). [Sec English 
Hynmody, Early, § VII.]. Donne's PoeVM (1633) 
have been recently edited in an admirable 
manner by tho Rev. Dr. Grosart in his Puller 
Worikiet Library, where for the first time is 
printed a full and complete edition of tho 
Poems, [J. J.] 

Boring, Carl August, s. of B. L. Boring, 
chief-forester at Mark-Alvenslebeu, near 
Magdeburg, was b, at Mark-Alvensleben, 



DOUDNBY, SARAH 

Jon. 22, 1783. After completing hin studies 
at the University of Halle, he was forsome 
time private tutor at Waldenburg, in Silesia. 
Id 1808 he was appointed a master in tbe 
school at Kloster-Bergen, near Magdeburg; 
and after its dissolution by Napoleon in 1810, 
acted for some time as a private tutor at Helms- 
dorf, near Eisleben. He was, in 1814, ap- 
pointed afternoon preacher at St. Peter's 
Church, Magdeburg; in 1815 Archidioconus 
of St. Andrew's Church at Eisleben ; and in 
1816 Pastor of the Lutheran Church at Klber- 
feld. Hed.atElberfekLJan 17, 1844 (tfoefc, 
viL 159-168; AUg. Deutsche Biog., \.3i&-3i9). 

One of the moat prolific of Gorman hymn-write™, 
be produced some laoo hymitie, not a lew of which have 
passed Into un In Germany through the Berlin G. B., 
I9SB, tbe Sattan O. B,, 1SU, and other collections. 
They appealed mostly in his ChrittKchti Bantgeiang- 
t>ue*. Of this pt. 1. was pub. at Elberfeld, laai, with 
81* hymns by bimself, and 169 oy others ; tbe 3nd 
ed., Elberfeld, l«3»i omitting those by other authors, 
and lncreaalng hie own to 030. Fart 11. waa pub. At 
Elberfeld, 1830, with 561 hymna. Ttoreehavebeenir.! — 

I. Ith Weiss, iui main ErlSaer lebt, St ward j» 
mini main Leban ! fjbtferj lSil.esabovB, Ko.i0», 
in s at., tr. as " 1 know that my Redeemer lives ; He is 
my Ufa already," ty if. £. Fmtki*e)ujm, 19J0,p. 1M. 

il. Vater, Soba and heO'far Oatst, [CtMJIniuitiaia.] 
1821, as above (No. 648), aa a hymn for Confirmation. 
It la in IE Bt. of various metres, at. t.-iil. being marked 
aa to be axing by tbe congregation on behalf of the 
children ; at. vUl.-aiil. aa a hymn of supplication by the 
children i at. Iv.-vll. by tbe parenta ana teschere ; and 
st. xlv.-xv, by tbe congregation aa a general suppli- 
cation. Two parts are In German C. TJ-, via. St. l.-iil. 
os'in Bunserfs Vtnuch, 1933, Ko. 614, beginning, 
" Sagna, Vater, Sohn und Getst," as in Daring's ed. lOTS, 
No. 503 j and at. vUl^-lill., beaming, " Wfr flehn urn 
deine dnade," In Btrnten, No. alt, tbe Samburg a. B., 
IMS, No. Me, and many recent collections. The only 
tr. InC. 17. Is— 

Pathai, Son and Holy Ofaaat, Bleu the Young. 
A good tr. of st. i.-lii. by J. 8. Stellyoruss, In tbe Iodic 
Sol-fa Shorter, January. IBS9, and thence, aa No. 319, 
In the Scottish Preii. Ryl., 1SY6. 

ifL Taufa such mit deiner Saafa, [Whitimitidc.'] 
1921, aa above, No. 13G, In * at. It la tr. as " With 
other baptism, Lord, baptise," by Dr. ff. watker, 19M, 
p. 68. [J. M.] 

Doudney, Sarah, daughter of Mr. George 
E. Doudney, of Cosham, Hants, was b. near 
Portsmouth, but removed into a remote village 
in Hampshire at an early age. Her first efforts 
in literature were mode when she was quite 
young, her poem, " The Iiessons of the Water- 
Mill, a popular song, especially in America, 
baring been written when she was only fifteen. 
Known mainly to the reading public through 
her stories,^ Woman's Glory, Stepping Stones, 
and others, and through her contributions to 
the Sunday Magazine, Good Word*, and other 
serials, her works, including fiction, and 
sacred and secular poems, have been widely 
read and appreciated. Her sacred poems are 
the least numerous of her writings. Some of 
these, as, " The Master hath come, and He 
calls us to follow," and " Saviour, now the 
day is ending," for use at theolose of Evening 
Service, and of more than usual merit, create 
the desire for more of a like kind. Greater 
use, however, mar be made of what she has 
written than has been done. By being buried 
in magasrne literature, her hymns are some- 
what difficult to trace. Her Psalm* of Life 
was pub. by Houlston in 1871 . In the Sunday 
School Union Songs of Gladnest, 1871* the 
following were given ;— 



AOHA EN TfmTOII 



307 



1. He bath gone into Hia garden. The ?u»tsard at 

2. In Tby holy garden ground. The Vineyard of Oie 
Lord. 

3. Land of peace, and love, and brightness. Heaven. 

4. Saviour, now the day is ending. Sunday Evening, 
3. The Master bath come, and He calls us to follow. 

/after and Mary of Bethany. 
6. We praise our Lord to-day. Sunday, 

t. We sing a loving Jesus. PraiUofJetas. 

Of these, Nos. 1, 2, 3, are in her Fsolme of 
Life, 1871, and all have pasBod from the Songs 
of Gladness into other collections. Her ; — 
8. Boom lor the wanderer, room. Chritt's Invitation, 
is in W. R. Stevenson's School Hymnal, 1880. 

[J. J.] 

Douglas, Ellen, ie. Mrs. Van AUtyue, 
q.v. 

Sown from the mountain Jeaue 
came. C. Wordsworth, Bp. of Lincoln, 
[Epiphany.] Appeared in nis Holy Tear, 
1862, in 7 st of 4 1., for the 3rd Sun. after the 
Epiphany, concerning " The Manifestation of 
the Godhead in Christ, as the Physician of 
Body and Soul : aa seen in the Gospel of the 
Week" As a complete hymn it is not in 
common use, but st. iii.-vi., as: "O God, 
made manifest in flesh,*' is given in tbe Supp, 
to the JV. Cong., 1869, No. 1083. [J. J.) 

Downton, Henry, m.a., s. of Mr. John 
Downton, Sub-Iabranan of Trinity College, 
Cambridge, was b. at Fulverbatch, Shropshire, 
Feb. 12, 1818, and educated at Trinity Col- 
lege, Cambridge, where he graduated ».*, 
1840, and m.a. 1843. Taking Holy Orders in 
1813, he became Curate of Bembndge, Isle of 
Wight, 1848, and of Holy Trinity, Cambridge, 
1847. In 1849 he was preferred to the In- 
cumbency of St John's, Chatham. He went 
to Geneva as English Chaplain in 1857 ; and 
was appointed Hector of Hopton in 1873. He 
was also for some time Domestic Chaplain to 
the late Lord Monson. He d. at Hopton, 
June 8, 1885. Mr. Downton pub. a tr. of 
Professor Ernest Naville'a Leatitret on Modern 
Atheism, 1865; and Holjr Scripture and the 
Temperance Qnedion, 1878. His hymns were 
chieny contributed to the Ch, of England 
Magazine; A. T. Bnssell's Ps. & Hymns, 
1851; Barry's Fs. A Hymns, 1862; and the 
Sunday Magazine. In 1873 he collected these 
and pub. them as Bymnt and Ferae*. His 
tra. from the French of Alexandre "Vinet ore 
also in tbe volume. [See French Hymnody, 
§ viii.] His best knowr hymns are "Another 
year, another year" (given anonymously in 
tho Harrow School Hymns, 1855) ; " For Thy 
mercy, and Thy grace"; and "Harp awake, 
tell out the story." These have attained to 
great popularity, and ore in extensive use. 

[J, J.] 
Aofa $» vtyloTot<; Qeo3, ev 3i)0- 
Xeefi, By John the Monk, generally held 
to be the same as St. John of Damascus (q.v.). 
This is found in the Office of tho Greek Church 
for Christmas Day, whore it is sung at the 
service " At the first hoar of the Night," when 
"Collected again in the Church, we begin 
Compline according to custom, and after the 
Glory be to God on high, wo go out into tho 
Northex making the Procession, and chanting 
there Idiomelic stiehcra to tho first tone" 
(Littledolte's Offices, ftc, p. 178), of which the 



308 



AOEA EN T*I2T013 



Adfa iv fofrfo-roti Be$ is a portion. Tlifl only 
translation into English is Dr. Littledale b 
blank verso version in Ms Offices, <£c, of the 
Eoly Eastern Church, 1803, p. 180, and the 
same rendered into 8-7's measure by W. 
Ckatterton Dix, for the Lyra Memanica, 1864, 
p. Ill, in which it first appeared. The 
original Greek test, which dates from about 
the middle of the eighth eentury, is given in 
Dr. Littledale's Offices, &c., 1863, p. 63. The 
tr. is, " To-day inBetblehem I hear" (Little- 
dale), " To-day in Bethlehem hew I " (ZJto> 

[J. J.] 

Ad£a iv vtylarots Oetp, icai iiri >yi}? 
elpyVT}. This is the Greek form of the Gloria 

in ezcelsis Deo, and is an expansion of the 
Angels* Hymn in St Luke, ii. 14. It is given 
in Daniel, ii. pp. 268-69, in two forms, and 
accompanied by very extensive notes. The 
first form is from the Apostolic Constitutions, 
and the second is found at the end of the 
Psalms and Canticles contained in the Codex 
Alexandrinus. This latter is also given in 
full in Greek Kjnuedy, § x. 4, and in Aoth. 
Onto., pp. 38-39. Of the Codex Alex, text 
Mr, Chatfield has given a literal tr. in his 
Sonne and Hymns, &c, 1876, p. 161, v. 
" Glory to God in the highest," &e. The tr 
in the Communion Office of the Book of 



on rugn, 
. [J .£] 



is from the Latin version of the hymn 

Doxologies. The term Doxology may bo 
applied to tlie Tersanctus, Alleluia, or any form 
of ascription of praise to the Blessed Trinity ; 
but it is specially confined to the Gloria in 
ezeeliit, technically known as the Greater 
Doxology [see Greek Hymnody, § z. 4], and to 
the Gloria Palri, similarly known as the 
Leiser Doxology. Under the general heading 
of Dozologies, we might include the various 
forms of ascriptions of praise with which most 
of the collects and prayers are concluded in 
both Eastern and Western Office Books, It 
must suffice to give as samples the last words 
of the (1) " Great Intercession," and of the 
(2)"PrayerofHumbleAooess" in the Cfemen- 
tine Liturgy : 

(1) "because to Thee belong all glory, worship, and 
thanksgiving, honour and adoration, to Father, Son, and 
Holy Ghost, now and always and for unceasing and 
unendtngegos. Amen." (Hammond, Liturgies j£<£ W. 
p. 19.) 

(3) "through Thy Christ, with Whom to Thee be 
■lory, honour, praise, laud, tbsnfcwlvlng, and to the 
Holy Ghost for ever. Amen." (IbUL, p. 10.) 

. It has also been the custom from earliest 
times to conclude sermons or addresses in 
publio worship with varying forms of 
doxology. The form regularly used by St. 
Chrysostom was this : — 

" through Jesus Christ our Lord, with Whom, to the 
Father, together with the Holy Ghost, be glory, might, 
and honour, now, and always, and for ever. Amen." 

The Gloria Patri ; or, Leuer Doxology, is of 
great, possibly but not demonstrably. Apostolic 
antiquity. Its Trinitarian language is de- 
rived from our Lord's commission to baptise 
in Mat. xxviii. 19. St. Basil the Great, or 
whoever was the author of the letter *De 
Bpiritu Sancto ad Amphiloehium," asserts tliat 
the first part in its present form was in use 
In both East and West as early as Hie time of 
St. Clement of Borne. No doubt the second 



DOXOLOGIES. 

half is later than the first half, and was added 
afterwards, but at a date which it is impossible 
to fix exactly. It must have been before a.d. 
529, in which year the second Council of 
Vaison (can. 6) enjoins the use of the second 
half in France^ as being already iu general use 
throughout the whole East, Africa, and Italy, 
and as directed against heretics who denied 
the eternity of the Son of God. Various forms 
of the Gloria Palri have been and are in use, 
viz. :— 

1. £arly varieties of the Greek form were these, (1) 
Aofa IlsrjK itr Yi& feat £ia nmfcara? ay<V *.t>A-, ana 
(2) Aofa flaTpi &a Y*y *#* £(a iyiov TlreSnatos *.T.A., 
but both were discarded lu favour of the following : (3) 
Ao£a Harm, j«u Yttf, ml ayvp tXrcvu&ti, mi rvy, nai £ci, 
■at etc toet twnt rup a&pwv. 'Ap.1n> : which is still in 
current use In the Eastern Church, because the former 
were employed by Alius and bis followers to prove 
a difference of inferiority between the second and first 
Persons of the Holy Trinity (Bingham, Antiq. o/ Chritt. 
Ch., Bk. xlv. cap. a), AnoUter ancient but long otwoleM 
form of words was, (4} Aif a Ilnpl, *•! Yuf. air AyAr 

2. The ordinary Latin form Is, " Gloria Patri et Fillo 
et Splrttut Sancto: Sicut erst In prlodplo, et nunc, et 
semper, e£ In saecula eaecuiorum. Amen." 

3. The ordinary Anglican form, which fa not • literal 
translation of the Latin text, Is: "Glory be to the 
Father, and to the Bon, and to the Holy Ghost. As It 
was In the beginning, le now, and ever shall he, world 
without end. Amen?' 

*, The Motarabic form, as ordered by the 1M and 
14th canons vf the rvtb Council of Toledo, a_d. 633, and 
as found In the Introlt appointed in the Matv/rabU 
Minal for Christmas Day, Is; " Gloria et honor Petri, et 
Flilo, et Spirltui Sancto In saccule saecnlorum. Amen." 

Concerning the use of the Doxology we 
may note that in the Eastern Offices it is used 
after each * Stasis," or subdivision consisting 
of two or more Psalms. By the Western Bule 
of St. Benedict fcap. 18) it was directed to be 
used after each Psalm, and it is still so used 
in the Soman Breviary, except in the case of 
Psalms 62, 148, 149. It is also used at the 
close of the third, sixth, and eighth or ninth 
Responsoric^ with repetition of part of the 
Besponsory in lieu of its second half; and 
after the four opening versioles at Matins, a 
position retained in the English Book of 
Common Prayer. The variations common to 
the Greek and Latin Service books, by which 
sometimes the first clause of the doxology is 
used without the second, may perhaps retain 
some witness to the separate history of the 
clauses. 

Metrical Doxologies ore naturally the out- 
come of the practice of concluding the Psalms 
with tlie Gloria Patri, being transferred to 
Hymns, and arranged according to their vary- 
ing metres. In some instances the wording 
of the Gloria Patri was as strictly adhered to 
as the structure of the verse would admit, but 
in others the only resemblance is the expres- 
sion of equal praise to the Three Persons in 
the Blessed Trinity. The following is a 
specimen in Sapphics taken from the Jtftw- 
arahie Breviary : — 

" Glorlam Patri celebrant lionore, 
Glorlam Nato reeinent peretuil, 
Cum quLbus Sanctua soclatus extat 

Spirltua unus. Amen." 
(For Feast of St. Cucufatus. Jfi^ne,p. 11)1.) 

Sometimes a reference to tlie event which 
is commemorated on any particular festival is 
introduced into the doxology, as in the can- 
eluding verso of the acrostic Epiphany hymn, 
"A Patre unigenitus" (<j.v.). 



DOXOLOGIKS. 



DOXOLOGIES. 



309 



" Gloria tlbt, Dotnlne, 
Out apparulstl bodte, 
Cum Fairs et Saucto Sntritu 
In semplterna seecnla." 
(Jfime, t, p. 79. See also en Easter doxology, foirf.p. 

It is to the metrical Latin doxologies that 
we owe the various English forms which we 
possess, not necessarily the actual metres, hut 
certainly the principles upon which they are 
based. It is thence that the early metrical 
doxology of the 1S3S Primer comes: — 
" Glory be to The Trlnltie, 

The Father, Son, and Spirit living : 
Whleh are One God »nd Pereons Three, 
To Whom be praise without ending." 

litis is attached to the translation of Latin 
hymns. The forms in the later Primers are 
more regular, and also both in. of the " Teni 
Creator," in the Ordinal. The various metrical 
renderings of the Psalms, as the Old Version, 
the New Version, and others, supply one for 
each metre. The older hymn-writers in many 
instances gave special attention to the point 
I. Watts closed his Hyi. and Spiritual Songt, 
1707-9, with twenty versions, and introduced 
them by saying : — 

"X cannot persuade myself to put a fall period to 
these Divine Hymns till there addressed a special song 
or Glonr to Sod the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. 
Though the Latin name of ft, Gloria Patri, he retained 
In our nation from the Roman Church; and though 
there may he some excess or superstitious honour paid 
to the wonts of It, which may nave 'wrought some un- 
happy prejudices lu weaker Christians, yet I believe it 
still to be one of the parte of Chrlattsn worship." 

Later writers followed these examples 
nntll almost every conceivable form of metri- 
cal dosology is provided for in the hymnody 
of the Church. [F. E. W.] 

1. The numerous Metrical Doxologiea which 
are found in Latin and English especially are 
marked by a distinction of some importance. 
As intimated above, the Latin doxology is so 
worded as to emphasise the day or season for 
which it Lb appointed in addition to offering 
praise to the Three Persons of the Holy 
Trinity, whilst the English doxology is con- 
cerned with the latter only. The result is a 
richness in the Latin which is unattainable 
elsewhere. Lf space admitted, a complete set 
of Doxologies from the ancient Hyirmarie* 
and Breviaries could have been given, but we 
must confine ourselves to some of the more 
important The following are from the Paris 
Breriary, 1736: — 
v In Adventa. 

" Qui liberator advents, 
Fill, tlbt laua maxima 
Cum Pstre, cumque Spirltu, 
In eempltenui seculs.' 
ii. In Ifativitate Domini. 

" Qui notus es da Virglne, 
Jean, tlbi sit gloria 
Cum Patre, eumque Spirltu, 
In semplterna eecula." 
ill. In Epipiania Domini. 

" Qui te revolaa Gentlbua, 
Jesu, tlbl alt gloria 
Cum Patre, cumque Splritu, 
In' semplterna aeculo. 
(p. In Tempore PaecAali. 

" i>u, Cbriete, noa tecum morl ; 
Tecum slmul da surgere: 
Terrene da contemner?; 
Amare da coclestla." 
" Sit lane Patri ; laus Fllfo, 
Qui noa, trinmphata nee 1 . 
Ad astr* secum dux vocat t 
Comper tiM laus, Spli-ftuB." 



e. Ai AtcentioM Domini. 

11 Jia, Chrlate, nos tecum morl: 
Tecum slmul da eurgere: 
Terrena da contemnere; 
Amare da coeleetla." 
'< Qui victor sd coelum redls, 
Jesu, tlbi Bit gloria 
Cum Patie, cumque Spirltu, 
In semplterna secula. 
ti. In Die JPmtecettei. 

" Sit laus Patri ; laus Filio : 

Par sit tlbl laus, Sptrituss 

Amante quo tnentes aecria 

Luoent et anient tgnlbus." 

vii. Jft Annunciation* Dotnini. 

" Hnndo redempbar qui vents, 
Bfti, tlbl laua maxima 
Cum Pstre : nee tiM minor 
Laus, utrtusque Sphitus." 
tiii. Officio Dedie. Xccloiae. 

" Sit laua Patri, laus Filio ; 
far sit tlbl laus, Spirltus, 
Dlvina <mjus unctlo 
Noa templa Christo conaecrat." 

2. The Soman Breviary Metrical Doxolo- 
gies follow this same rule, differing only in 
the wording of the same. As an instance, 
the following may be compared with No. v. 
above: — 

In Attentions Domini. 

•' Jeeu, tlbi alt gloria, 
Qui victor in coelum redbs 
Cum Patre et almo Sptritu, 
In semplterna aaeeuU." 

3. Other Breviaries, both ancient and 
modern, follow the same rule and extend it 
also to all Festivals and Special Offices. A 
collection of 29 Doxologies from the Pari* 
Breviary, 1136, including those for several 
minor Festivals, is given in Card. Newman's 
Ilymni EccleHae, 1838 and 1865, and irs. of 
the more important from various Breviaries 
and ancient hymns are found in tho works 
of J. Chandler, W. J. Copelaud, E. Caswall, 
J.D. Chambers, W J, Blew, Bp. Mant, J. 
M. Neale, I. Williams, and other translators 
of Latin hymns. 

i. Original English Metrical Doxologies 
ore very numerous, and are found in the early 
versions of the Psalms and in the most 
modern hymn-books. The more lengthy of 
these which ore in 0. U. have been dealt with 
as separate hymns, and are given in the 
general "Index of Subjects and Seasons." 
Those which are composed of one, or at most 
two stanzas, are too numerous, and too much 
alike, to be given in detail. We can only 
append a list of the most exhaustive collec- 
tions which are available to the reader. These 
are : — 

1. Old Versions of the Psalms. 

t. The Old and Ifevi Vcnieni. 

3. I. "Watts's fly»n«, 1107, and Pialnu, lilt. 

*. Wesley's Gloria Patri, 1146, la the Wesley P. 
Warlct, 1BBS-12, vol. ill. 

5. J- Newton In the Ofaey Upmnt, 1719. 

6. The older collections of Wkittfield, Madan, Tap- 
lady, Canyers, Lady Huntingdon, Rippon, the later 
Baptist telcctiont, 1828 & IBM, the Congregational t'U* 
lectiont end others to I860. 

7. Large selections are given In JTmnrdy, 1003? the 
Hg. Coap. iaj« i Snppp's Hongi ef G, A G.. ISM ; and 
W. Stone's Supplemental Hymnal, 1873. This last h 
tho largest collection of doxologies extant. The metre* 
are Tery varied, pud the doxologies number 1x0. In 
tlie majority of modern hymn-booha of the Church of 
England tlie U^xotogles are given with the hymns, and 
are not appended as a separate section of each bout. 

s. Modern Nonconformist collections gcnemlly adopt 
the practice of giving the doxologiea with tho hymns. 
Spurgcon's O. O. H. Irk., i860, is sn exception, the 
doxologies being given as a separate section between the 
realms and the hymn. 



310 



DBACUP, JOHN 



8, In modem American collection* doxologlea are 
usually appended at the end of the book and represent 
til the metres contained therein, as to the Protestant 
Episcopal Kymnal, 1811 1 the Methodist Episcopal 
ByTimal, 1STS; Hatfleld'a Osttrell Bymn-Book, 1872 j 
the Baptist .SereiM </ &«w, 18T1, and otben. 

5. The provision which lias thus been made, 
not only for the holy Seasons of the Church, 
hat also for general purposes, and for the 
great variety of metre found in modern hymn- 
books, is very abundant Where sameness 
and painful reiteration are unavoidable, it is 
useless to expect uniform excellence through- 
out. When, however, the wearisome common- 
place is broken by Bp. Ken's "Praise God, 
from Whom all blessings flow " : Watts'e 
" Give to the Father praise " ; Osier's " Wor- 
ship, honour, glory, blessing"; or by one of 
the finer translations from tho Latin, we 
realize that a noble hymn need not be weak- 
ened by an ignoble doxology. [J. JJ 

Dracap, John, was h. in 1723, bat the 
place of birth and circumstances of early life 
not known. In 1755 he became pastor of the 
Independent Church at Bteep Lane, Sowerby, 
near Halifax ; but in 1772, having apparently 
changed hie views on Baptism, left Steep 
Lane, and became a minister among the 
Baptists, first at Bodhill-end, near Toamor- 
den, and then at Rochdale, In 1784, the 
members of the Independent Church at Steep 
Lane, having in the interval followed his 
example and become Baptists, invited him to 
re-settle among them. This he did, and con- 
tinued their pastor until his death, May 28, 
1795. 

In 1IST, Mr. Dracut) pub. a small volume of S3 
hymns -with the title, Symnt and Spiritual Songs, by 
John Dracup, Miniittr of the ffo>pe{ at Sowerby. 
Jtolhm, printed by a. Jackson. Two of these, begin- 
ning "Free Grace to every heaven-bom soul," and 
" Thanks to Thy name, Lord, that we," had pre- 
viously appeared In Lady Huntingdon's CbUtetion, 



undated ed. cir. 1TJ2, and again in the revised ed. of 
mo. Both are in Denhsm's Set. (1831); the former ia 
in Gadtby (18B3) and in Stevens's 8£. (Ibbi), and the 
latter in Eeed'e H. Bk., ISM, kc A thlKi byniit of 
Pr&cup's,verytonchingboth in sentiment and language, 
tsfoundinssmallBaptiBtsupplementary&E. It begins, 
" Once I could say, * My God ia mine.' " His other hymns 
liave seldom had more than a local use. TOT. It. S.l 

Draw near, ye weary, bowed and 
broken-hearted. [Jesus weeping at th* 
grave of Lazarus.] This hymn was given in 
Christian Lytiet, B. T. 8., x .d., in 4 st, of 6 1. 
In 1853, 3 st. were included in the Leeds Hi 
Bk., No. 296, as from the Christian Lyre. 
Whether this is a mistake for the It. 1 . S, 
Christian Lyrics we cannot say, but the hymn 
is not in the Christian Lyre of 1830-1. Dr. 
Dole gives the same stanzas in his English 
H. Bk., 1874, but appends no signature. 

[W. T. B.] 

Drayton, Michael, b. 1563, d. lG31,was 
very popular in his days, and his name is still 
regarded with respect. He was the authorof 
the Poly-olbion and many other works. His 
hymns were pnb. as :— 

" The Oxmitmii of the Church, containing, • Tht 
spiritual ttmgei attd holy hymn of godly n, pa- 
triarkes, and prophets, all «o«% tounding to the 
praiie and glory of the Highest, isoi." " 

Of this but a single copy is known. It 
was repriniod by tlie Percy Society, and again 
in tlio Kev. Richnrd Hooper's edition of fobj- 
olbion, in Smith's Library of Old Autliors. 

[J. T. B.] 



DREAD JEHOVAH! GOD 

Dread Jehovah ! God of nations. [In 

Time of Trouble— National] This hymn ap- 
peared in the Christian Observer, in April, 
1801, in 1 st of 6 1 At that time Bonaparte 
was First Consul, and meditating an immediate 
invasion of England, A day of humiliation 
and prayer was appointed. In anticipation 
of this. day the following editorial note, to- 
gether with the hymn as given below, ap- 
peared In the Christian Observer: — 

" Hie Majesty has been graciously pleased to appoint 
Friday, the loth of Hay next, to be observed through- 
out England and Ireland as a day of public humiliation 
and fisting. We earnestly hope it may be observed In 
a proper manner. We subjoin a hymn for the occasion, 
which has Just reached us In time to obtain a place in 
this number. 

Hymn for the Fast Bay. 

May 15, 1804. 

" Dread Jehovah ! God of Nations, 

From thy Temple in the Skies, 

Hear thy People's Supplications, 

And for their DeliVrance rise. 

Lo! with deep Contrition turning, 

In thy Holy Place we bend ; 
Fasting, praying, weeping, mourning, 
Hear us, spare us, and defend. 



" Foes, who've ravaa'd peaceful Regions, 

Now for us the Yoke prepare ; 
And if thou forsake our Legions, 

We, like them, the Yoke most wear. 
Shall Religion's Foes enslave us 7 

Shall their Heathen Tongues exclaim, 
' Where's your God r ' rise to save us. 

And assert Thy glorious Name. 

" Though our Bins, each Heart confounding, 

Long and loud for vengeance call ; 
Then hast Mercy as abounding, 

Thou hast Blood can cleanse them all. 
Let that Mercy veil Transgression, 

Let that Blood our Guilt efface ; 
Save thy People from Oppression, 

Save from Spoil thy Holy Place. 

"Hear, O God! the Vows we tender ; 
With our Hosts to battle go i 
Shield the Head of each Defender, 
And confound the impious Foe. 



So wbeu ceos'd the Battle's raelni 
Thine shall be the Victor's Pri 



■sTse; 



And in thy holy Bonds engaging, 
We will serve thee all our Days. 
"C. F." 

In 1805, in John Gresham's Select Portions 
of Psalms and Hymns, 3rd ed„ it is given as 
Hymn xiv., and a note states it to have been 
" Written by a Clergyman," and to have been 
separately published with music by Haydn. In 
1819, Cotter%% having slightly altered the text, 
and omitted si iL, included the hymn in his 
8el. inSst,,No. 837. Koherateth went further 
in reducing it to the first and third stanzas, 
with alterations, in his Christian Psalmody, 
1833. Hall adopted the same stanzas in his 
Mitre H, Bk., 1836, but introduced many alter- 
ations therein. These alterations are repeated 
in the New Mitre Hymnal, 1874, together with 
a doxology in 2 St. of 4 1. Nearly all tho 
modern collections, including the S. P. O. E. 
Ps. * Hymns, 1852-69 ; Barry, 1862-67; JET. 
Ctmp. 1872; 5nem 1872; Harland; Steven- 
son's Hys. for Ch. a Home ; and many others, 
have the altered text as given in Bickersteth's 
Christian Psalmody, 183a, and not the original. 
In Church Hys., 1871, No. 260, the hymn, 
"Lord Almighty, God of nations," is also 
Bickersteth's text with the alteration of the first 
and last lines of the Iiynm only. The liymn ia 
in one form or another in somowhat extensive 
use in G. Britain and America. [J. J.] 



DREAD SOVEREIGN, LET 

Dread Sovereign, let my evening 
Bong. I. Watts. [Evening."] Appeared 
in the 1st ed. of hie S. * 8. Songt, 1707, 
Bk. ii., No. 7, in 6 st. of i ]., and headed, 
"An Evening Song." The opening stanza, 
when compared with J. Mason's " Sung of 
Praise for the Evening" (Stage of Praise, 
1683, No. *i\ 1b evidently suggested by Ma- 
son's Bt, i. The two are : — 

JCtum, i«e». | Wattt, lint. 



"Now from the altar of 
my heart 

Let incense names Arise ; 
Assist toe, Lont, to oiler up 

Mine evening sacrifice. 



4 Dread Sovereign, lei my 
evening song 
Like holy Incense rise : 
Assist the offerings of my 
tongue 
To reach tbe lofty aWes." 
The hymn in its original form is in C. U. 
both in G. Britain and America. There ate 
also altered texts in 0. IL, as (1) "Blest 
Saviour, let our evening song" ; litis is in 
Common Praise, 1879; and (2) "O Holy 
Father, let my song," in Bapt Pi. & Km,, 
1858-80, &c. [J. J.J 

Brei Kbnig ftthrt die gtittlicli Hand, 

[Epiphany.] Appeared in the Alte Catholitcke 
GeMliche Kirckengetang, Cologne, 1621, in 9 
st. of 6 1., and thence, omitting at, ii. in F. 
Hommel's GeMicke Volkslieder, 1871, No. SI ; 
and in full, but altered, in the Trier G. B. 
(R. 0.), 1846, p. 84. Nearly tbe same text, 
but beginning, " Es fQhrt drei Konig Gottes 
Han J, from the Caikolische Kirchen Gei&nt], 
Cologne, 1625, is included, omitting st. ii., ix, 
in Wackcrnagel, r. p. 1251, and iu H. Bone's 
CantaU, 184a (ed. 1879, No. 82). Tr. as;— 

ThiM kings were led try Ood'i own hand, a good 
tr. from the Trier text, omitting st. ii., iv., vii., 
by Dr. fi. F. Littleuale.aa No. 54 in the Peoples 
X., 1867, signed "JLL P." [J. M.] 

Dreieinigkeit, der Oottheit wahrer 
Spiegel. J. Franck, ^Trinity Sunday 
^entna.j 1st pub. in C. Peter's Andachts- 
Zymbeln, Freiberg, 1855, p.276, in the section 
entitled, " On the Holy Trinity," in 8 st of 4 1. 
In Franok's Geis&iehe* Sim, 1674, p. 31 (ed. 
1846, p. 35). St. 1, 2 are based on "O tus 
beata TrinitaB," and st 3-7, on Romans xi 
33-36. St 8 ("Dein Nam 1st gross") is 
taken from his Vateruaterharpfe, Fr&nbfurt- 
am-Main, 1652, It passed into J. CrSger's 
Praxis •pietatitmeUoa, 1661; Frcylinghauaen's 
G. B., 1704, and other collections, and is 
Nal4intheBerlina.L.&,ed.l863. ZV.as:— 

True nJnor of the ftodhead i Ferfeot light, A 
good tr. of st, 1-3, 7, 8, by Miss Winkwoith in 
her Lyra Ger., 2nd Series, 1856, p. 64. Her tr. 
of st. 3, 7, 8, altered and beginning, " We praise 
Thee, Lord, with earliest morning my," appear 
as " A Morning Psalm of Praise " in tbe H. of 
I he Spirit, Boston, U.S., 1864, No. 103. [J. M.] 

Drennan, William, m.d., b, at Belfast, 
May 23, 1754, and educated at Glnsgow, where 
lie graduated m.a. in 1771, and m.d. 1778. 
He subsequently practised at Belfast He 
d. Feb. 5, 1820. In 1815 he pub. Fugitive 
Pieces i* Prose and Verse, Belfast, 1815 ; and 
his FcenM were collected and pub. with a 
Memoir by bis sons in 1859. Of his poems six 
are grouped under the beading of " Religions 
Poems." Seven hymns, includine five of these 
" Religious Poems," were contributed to Asp- 
land's Unitarian Sel, 1810 ; but in the 1859 
Poenwond Memoir most of them are in alonger 



DBEVES, JOHANN F. L. 311 

form. As most of these are still in C. U. 
amongst the Unitarians in G. Britain and 
America, we subjoin the list of first lines : — 

1. All nature feels attractive power. Law of Love, 
a. Bleas'd wbo with generous pity glows. Charily, 

3. Humanity! tbon sent of Sod. luith, Bape, 
CKaritg. 

4. In this fair globe, with ocean bound. Line of 
Goa. 

>. O sweeter than the fragrant Sower. Moing Good. 

6. The heaven of bsavena cannot contain, Divine 
Wortinp. 

1. The husbandman goes forth afield. Fntiti of 
flenemleaw. [W. T. B.] 

Drese, Adam, was b. in Dec. 1620, in 

Thuringia, probably at Weimar. He was at 
first musician at the court of Dnke Wilhelm, 
of Sachse-Weimar ; and after being sent by 
the Duke for further training under Marco 
Sncchi at Warsaw, was appointed his Kapell- 
meister in 1655. On the Duke's death in 
1662, his son, Duke' Bemhaid, took Drese 
with him to Jena, appointed him his secretary, 
and, in 1672, Town Mayor. After Duke Bern- 
hard's death, in 1678, Drese remained in Jena 
till 1683, when be was appointed Kapell- 
meister at Arnstadt to Prince Anton Guntber, 
of Schwarzburg-Sondetshausen, He d. at 
Arnstadt, Feb. 15, 1701 (ifocS, iv. 270-274; 
Alia. Deutsche Biog,, \. 397 ; Weteel, i. 193-4, 
and A. H., vol. i„ pt. iv., pp. 28-30). 

In 1080, tbe reading of Spener*s writings and of 
Lather on the Romans led to a change in Ins religions 
views, and henceforth under good and evil report be 
held prayer meetings in his bouse, which became a 
meeting-place for the Hetlsts of the district. "His 
hymns," says Wetxel, " of which be himself composed 
not only tbe melodies, but also, as 1 have certain in- 
formation, the text also, were sung it the meetings of 
pious persons In his house, before they came into print." 

One has been tr. Into English, viz. : — 

Scrttenbrautigam, Team, Ootte* Lamm, appeared 
in the Griitrefchee O. B., Halle, 1697, p. 147, in 
15 st, of 6 I., repeated (with the well-known 
melody by himself added, which in the Irish 
Oh. Byl. is called "Thuringla"), in tbe Darmstadt 
Q. B., 1698, p. 134, as No, 197 in Freylioghnu- 
sen's Q. B. t 1704, and recently as Ho, 119 in the 
Berlin 17. L. S., ed. 1863. In Wagner's Q. B., 
Leipzig, 1097, vol. iii. p. 420, it begins, " Jesu, 
Gottes Lamm." The tr. in C. U. is:— 

Bridegroom, Tbon art mine, a tr. of st. 1, 2, 4, 
6, 13-15, by Dr. M. Loy, as No. 283 in the Ohio 
Lvth. Byl., 1880. 

Another tr. is, u flod and man Indeed," of st. ill. asst. 
1. of So. 483 in tbe MaraMan M. Bk., 1IS» (IBM, No, 
M*l. [J. SI.] 

Dxeves, Johann Friedrloli Iiudwig, 
a. of F. C. Dreves, burgomaster of Horn, in 
the Principality of Lippe-Detmold, was b. at 
Horn, Nov. 17, 1762. After the completion 
of his studies at the University of Marburg 
he was for some time conrector of the school 
at Detmold. In 1790 he became third pastor 
of tbe Reformed Church at Detmold, and after 
being pastor at Hillentmp from June 28 to 
Oct 25, 1795, returned to Detmold as second 
pastor. He remained in Detmold till 1820, 
when he again became pastor at Hillentrup, 
and d. there Nov. 80, 1834. (MS. from Potior 
A. Koppen, Detmold.) His hymn : — 

Star list loh, Herri 1m Btaube. Trust m God. 
Was written at Detmold after the death, on Nov. 
14. and before the burial, Nov. 17, 1798, of his 
first vrifeLischen (Elizabeth) nes Ewnld. It was 
1st pub. as No. 91 of the hymns for tbe sick 



312 DROP, DROP, SLOW TEARS 

and sorrowing appended to his Easter Sermon 
pub. at Lemgo, 1813, entitled Wiederseken. It 
is in 12 at. of 8 1., and when included as No. 601 
in the Berlin Q. B., 1829, st. v.-vii., ix., iii., 
were omitted, and the rest altered. This form 
was repeated in Bunsen's Versnch, 1833, Mo. 914. 
Tr. as :— 

I. Mf G«d, la, hare before Thy face, a D. C. M. 
version from _Z?HH*ert, by Miss Winkworth in her 
Lyra Ger., 1st Series, 1855, p. 38. Her st, 
iii., r., are altered in later eds. In full in the 
Schnff-Clilman ZiO. of Bel. Poetry, ed. 1883, p. 
821. In the American hymn-books it appears in 
the following forms from the 1855 text : — 

(1) "My Father, God, before Thy face," No. 329, in 
BoardmsQ's Sei., Philadelphia, 1861, is from her at. I., 
H, 1-1[ iv., II. 1-4, and vi. *. 

(2) " O Father, compass me about," No. SD1, In the 
H. ef the Spirit. Boston, iae4, la her st, iv., 11. I-* ; v., 
II, l-lj VU, It. 1-4; vii., 11. 4-8. 

(3) " I know Thy thoughts are peace towards me," 
No. Ms, In the SabSatltJl. Bit., 1MB, Is her at. v., vi. 

(4) " Father, Thy thoughts are peace towards me," 
No. »05, in KoblmoQ's Sfmgt for t\e Sanctuary, IWtB, 
la her st. v. t 1. 1-4, and vi. 

t, aT.y Goi, laluld me lying. A good tr. of Am- 
ten'i st. i„ li„ iv., v., rii., by Miss Winkworth ill her 
C. B.fot Sngtand, latB. No. IDS. [J, M.] 

Drop, drop, Blow tears. Phineas 
Fletcher. [Penitence.'] Appeared in his 
Poetical Miscellanies, 1633; recently repub- 
lished by Dr. Grosart in 4 vols., 1869, in his 
Fuller Worthies Library. This tender poem 
IB given in Thring's Coil., 1882, and in others. 
[See Xnglish Hymnody, Sarly, § vir.] [J. J.] 

Drooping soul, shake off thy fears. 
C. Wesley. [Lent. Resignation.} 1st pub. in 
Hut. <t Sac. Poems, 1742, in 6 st. of 8 1. 
(J T . TForfcs, 1868-72, vol. ii. p. 293). In 1780, 
J. Wesley included St. i.-lv. in the Wet. H. 
Bk., No. 137. This arrangement has been re- 
peated in later editions, and in other collec- 
tions. The expression in st ii., 1. 2 — 
Fainting sonl. be bold, be strong ; 
Wait the leiturt of thy Lord. 

is from Coverdale's prose version of Ps. xivii. 
16, in the Bk. of Common Prayer. [J. J.] 

Drummond, David Thomas Kerr, 

B.A., youngest s. of James Rutherford Drum- 
mond) of Stragreath, Perthshire, was b. at 
Edinburgh, Aug. 25, 1805. After studying at 
the University of Edinburgh, lie went to 
Oxford, where he graduated b.a. He was 
ordained Priest in 1831, and, after serving 
various cures, became, in 1838, joint minister 
of Trinity Episcopal Church, Dean Bridge, 
Edinburgh. He resigned his charge and 
severed his connection with the Scottish Epi- 
scopal Church in 1843, when he became 
the minister of a church built for him (St. 
Thomas's English Episcopal Church, Edin- 
burgh), where he continued to minister to a 
large and influential congregation until his 
death. He d. at Pitlochry, Perthshire, June 
9, 1877. His hymns appeared to the number 
of 10 in the Church of England Symnbook, 
1838, of which he was joint editor with Dr, 
Qreville, a member of his own congregation. 
[SoaWah Hyianodr, § Til,] [J. M.] 

Drnuuraond, William, m.a., eldest s. of 

Sir John Drummond, Kt, of Hawthornden, 
sear Edinburgh, was b. at Hawthornden, Dec. 
18, 1585. He studied at the University of 
Edinburgh, and graduated k.a. In 1605. J3ue- 



DBUMMOND, WILLIAM 

seeding, by the death of his father, in 1610, 
to the estate of Hawthornden, he resided there 
till hisdeatb, on Dec, 4, 1649. He was one of 
the most eminent literary Scotsmen of his 
time, and a friend of Sir William Alexander 
undBen Jonson. Ilia Flowers of Zion were pub. 
in 1623, and his Works were collected and pub. 
in two vols, at London, 163*-56, and again 
at Edinburgh, in one vol., ip 1711. His Poems 
were issued by the Maitlond Club, in 1832, 
with additions from the Hawthornden iibs., 
originally pub. by Dr. David Laing in the 
Transactions of the Society of Antiquaries of 
Scotland. They have since been edited by 
Peter Cunningham in 1833, and, in 1856, by 
W. B. D. Tumbull (Land,, J. E. Smith). 
Among the Posthumous Poena, 1st pub. in 1656, 
is a tr. of the Dies Irae, and among those added 
in 1711 are trt. of 20 of the Boman Breviary 
hymns. These, which are interesting as being 
among the earliest attempts of the Iciud, are 
included in the edition of 1856. Professor 
Masson has recently issued an interesting 
work on him as Drummond of Hawthornden: 
the Story of hit Life and Writings (Lond., 
Macmillan ft Co., 1879). [J. M.] 

In an article in the Dublin Review, 1883, 
and again In the preface to his Annus Sanctus, 
1884, Mr. Orby Shipley has questioned Drum- 
mond's right to the Ire. from the Soman 
Breviary which were given in his posthumous 
Works, 1711. The history of these transla- 
tions, so far as we cau gather, is this. In 
1619 The Primer; or, Office of the BUtsed 
Virgin Mary, was issued, with a revised 
translation [seo Prfmsraj, and all the hymns 
therein but one were new. These were re- 
peated in a reprint in 1632. This reprint 
contains an address to the reader, in which 
occurs the following passage : — 

" The Hymnes most of which axe used by tlie holy 
Church in her public* Office; are a new translation 
done by one mm tkilfvjl in English pottrit, ttperefti 
the literati sense is preseroed with the true straise of 
the verse." 

In 1711 a complete edition of Drummond's 
Works, under the editorship of Bishop Sage 
and Thomas Buddiman, appeared, and in it 
18 hymnai, identical with those in the 1615 
Primer, wore given as from the mss. in the 
Edinburgh University Library. These MSB., 
however, are not now to be found, and Sir. 
Shipley's contention is that Drummond merely 
transcribed these translations, and that bis 
1711 editors, finding them in his autograph, 
concluded they were his. He strongly dwells 
(see his preface to Annus Banctns, pp. 12-14) 
on the improbability of a Catholic publisher 
applying to a Scotch Protestant for transla- 
tions, and really this is bis main argument. 
Against Hub we must set the following 
considerations. (1) Drummond undoubtedly 
translated the Dies Irae pub. by Phillips, in 
1656. His attention had therefore been drawn 
to Latin hymnody. (2) Theexpress words of 
the address to the reader in the 1615 edition, 
" one most skilful in English poetry," certainly 
suit Drummond. (3) The feet that Sage and 
Buddiman, with Drummond's us. before them, 
had no donbt on the matter. (4) The books 
presented by him to the Edinburgh University 
show him to have hadataste for Boman and 
ascetic theology. (5) The similarity in style 



DRUMMOND, WILLIAM H. 

to his Flower) of Zioa of 1623. Mr. Shipley's 
theory therefore seems toreat on no solid basis. 
Hie evidence is purely internal and problema- 
tical. It is quite possible that in his foreign 
tours, for some time at least, Drnmmond wits 
» concealed Roman Catholic. Bat this is as 
purely conjectural as Mr. Shipley's theory. The 
matter rests solely on the authority of Drum- 
mond's editors, Sage and Ruddiman, and the 
exprt sb assertion in the address of 1615 (noted 
aboye), that the translations were " done by 
one most skilfnll in English poetrie." Ac- 
cording to Mr. Shipley's theory this writer, 
who was * most skilfull in English poetrie," 
must have been a Roman Catholic ; and failing 
to find one mush poet amongst the Roman 
Oatholics of that day to whom he can give a 
habitation or a name, he further adds that he 
is "unknown." Until it can be shown that at 
that date, 1615 (the 1st ed. of the Prtmer), there 
was a known Roman Catholic writer " most 
skilfull in English poetrie," we must abide 
by Drummond. [W. T. B.] 

Drummond, William Hamilton, 
D.D., s. of an Irish physician, was b. at 
Ballyclare, Antrim, Ireland, 1772, and d. at 
Dublin, Oct. 16, 1865. Educated for the 
ministry at Hie University of Glasgow, he be- 
came, in 1793, the pastor of the Second Pres- 
byterian Church, Belfast, and in 1816, of the 
Strand Street Chapel, Dublin. Bis poetical 
works include; — 

(1) Juieeniie Potmt, mi ; (2) Trafatear, laoB ; (3) 
The Giant! Caineuwy, 18u ; (*) aentarf, 1S1T ; and 
(s) Who are the Bappy f a Poena on the Christian 
Jteatitudei, with other Potmt on Sacred Sulgtctt, 1818, 

In 1816 A SeUetion of Ft. & Hyt. for the 
Uu of the Presbytery at Antrim, and the Con- 
gregation of Strand Street, Dublin, was pub. 
at Belfast This 8el. was probably edited by 
Dr. Drummond. It contained several of his 
hymns. Five of these (Nos. 84, 190, 201, 
236, 264) were contributed to that edition. 

From Who are th« Happy 1 the following 
hymns have come into C. V, : — 

1. A voise from the deeart eonus awful and ahriH 
Advent. This is In extenatve use in the Unitarian 
hymn-books of America. 

1, Oeu*, let us Bound her praise alxoad. Charity. 

3. lather, I may not ask fin 1m*. Charity. This ft 
St. il^-v. of No, a. with a new Introductory stanza. In 
this form the hymn>wss given in the letdtS. Bit., law, 

4. Give thanks to God the Laid, Victors through 
Chritt. Limited In use, although a hymn of much 
spirit. It appeared In the Belfast Pi. &Hy-, 1818. 

a, hadlthewiiifsiif ft dove. Uttirement. Tula 
hymn la not aulted to congregational uee. It appeared 
In the Beirut Pi. * Bye., ISIS. 

The original texts of these hymns are in 
Lyra Brit., 1S67, from whence also meet of the 
biographical tacts have been taken. A few 
of Drumrnond's hymns, in addition to those 
named, are found in some American Uni- 
tarian collections. [J. J.] 

Dryden, John. The name of this great 
English poet has recently assumed a new im- 
portance to the stodents of hymns, from a 
claim mode on his behalf in regard to a con- 
siderable body of translations from the Latin 
published after his death (1701), in a Primer 
of 170(1. The discussion of this point will 
preclude us from giving more than an outline 
of his life. 

i. Biography. — John Dryden was the s. of 
Erasmus, the third son of Sir Erasmus Dryden, 



DRYDEN, JOHN 



313 



and was b. at Aid winkle, All Saints, Korthants, 
Aug. 9, 1631. He was educated under Dr. 
Busby at Westminster, and entered Trin. ColL, 
Cauobridge,inl650. Ho took his b,a. in 1654, 
and resided nearly 7 years, though without a. 
fellowship. He was of Puritan blood on both 
his father's and mother's side, and his training 
found expression in his first great poem, Herote 
Stanza* on the death of Oiiver Cromwell, 1658. 
In 1660, however, he turned, like the bulk of 
England, Royalist, and in his Attraea Bedux, 
end in A Panegyric on the Coronation (1661). 
celebrated the Restoration. Inl663heinam"ed 
Lady Elizabeth Howard. The marriage was 
apparently not a happy one ; and there seems 
to be plant proof of Dryden's unfaithfulness. 
In 1670 he was made Poet Laureate and His- 
toriographer Royal, and he retained these 
posts until the accession of William (1688), 
He had joined the Roman Church in 1685, 
and remained steadfast to it at the fall of 
James II. This change is of special signi- 
ficance, as will appear below, in regard to 
his translations from the latin. It greatly 
straitened his means, and compelled him to 
great literary exertion in his closing years. 
He d. May 18, 1701, and was buried in West- 
minster Abbey. 

The poems of Dryden thaw high excellence in field* 
widely different from another. He was for yeara the 
leader of the Knglali stage, as a writer of tragedy, 
comedy, end tragl-comedy. The specialities of hie plays 
were a luge EubBtitutlon of tne heroic couplet far 
blank verse, in imitation of Corneille, plow full of 
exaggerated passion, intrigue, and rant, and a catch- 
word dialogue. These features were caricatured by 
Buckingham and others In the Seheartal (acted 1S11>. 
The gross Immorality or hie dromes hae long made them 
unreadable i but his influence on poetry has been en- 
during. No metre bo long dominated style as his 
heroic couplet, which, though Inferior to Fope'a in 
polish and precision, excels (tin resonance, freedom and 
audacity, "The long resounding march and energy 
divine. Ho was the first to nuke poetry a lucid vehicle 
for political and religious discussion, in the tteJiaio 
Lead (leea), and The Mind ami Panther ilUI). The 
finest satires in English are ATaalom one! Aehiiopkel 
(Part U 1*81; Partli., IBS!, to which he contributed 
only a, portion, the rest being by Habum Tate), The 
Medal, and Mae Flecknoe (16S2). He gave a new 
energy and fulness of meaning to the work of transla- 
tion through his classical reproductions, of which bis 
Ffr&tf lstuefine&tspeclmen(pub.lnie£T). Atttander't 
Ftatt remains one of the most brilliant Eugllah odes. 
His prefaces and dedications had a large influence on 
our prose style, and are the first material efforts in the 
province of poetical criticism. The salient points of 
his genius are a transcendent literary force continually 
exerting Itself In fresh forms j and that narrowhkit of 
the work of poetry to matters of political, social, 
human interest, which ruled supreme In Pope and his 
followers. (See Dryden: by Mr. G. Salntsbury, Men ef 
Lttttri Series.) 

ii. Hymn Translation*. — Until recently, 
Dryden^ known contributions to hymnody 
consisted of only three pieces; The best 
known of these is the tr. of " Veni Creator," 
pub. in vol. lit. of his XitceUaniee, in 1693. 
Sir Walter Scott, in bis Life <if Dryden, 1808, 
pub. a tr. of the " Te Deum * (" Thee Sover- 
eign God our grateful accents praise "), and a 
tr. of " Ut queant laxis," the hymn at Even- 
song for St. John the Baptists Day (Scott 
calls it "St. John's Eve") ("O sylvan Pro- 
phet"). 

Mr. W. T. Brooke lm» pointed out one or two facts 
thst slightly shake jScott's attribution of these two 
pieces to Dryden- He has discovered the tr. of lbs 
"Te Deum in Dodd's Chrtttian'i Magatine, 1IS0, 
contributed by J. Buncombe, and attributed* to Pop*. 
And Scott's account of the two pieces is confused. Her 



314 



DRYDEN, JOHN 



received tbem from a Mn. Jackson, who told him tint 
tbey were mentioned In Butler's " Tour through Italy/' 
and that after Butler's death they passed into the hands 
of the celebrated Dr. Albsn, and so came to ben. They 
are not however mentioned In the published edition of 
Butler's Itwr; and "Butler" and "Dr. Alhan" are 
the Game person — Dr. Alban Butler, author of The 
K«i of the Saint*. Alban Butler's flair was edited 
and published by Charles Butler, his nephew, whoalso 
wrote a Life of Atban Butler. The confusion cannot 
now be unravelled: but la not enough to discredit 
Scott's decision, which mar have rested on the hand- 
writing. The tr. of the "Te Deum" Is not life* Pope, 
and has a Drydenesque Alexandrine In it, and other 
marks of Dryden's manner. One great Boman Catholic 
poet was perhaps confused with the other. 

These three pieces, however, with slight 
variation of text, have been discovered inde- 
pendently by Mr. Orby Shipley and Mr. W. 
T. Brooke, in The Primer, or Office of the 3. 
V. Mary, in English, 1706; and the discovery 
1ms led them to a strong conviction that the 
bulk of tbe 120 trt. of Latin hymns in this 
book are also Dryden's. It is shown under 
Primers, that there are remarkable evidences 
of unity of hand in these tr*. Is this hand 
Dryden's ? The esse for Dryden is a construc- 
tive one, and may be thus summarised :— 

The tr. in Scott, " sylvan Prophet," Is In a metre 
unknown to previous editions of tlio Primer ; and there 
are altogether 11 til., generally representing Latin 
Sapliliica, in the book in this metre. Five of these 
(vs. have a further Internal link in bavlng the some 
gloria i, three in having another common gloria. The 
presumption is irresistible that they are all by tlie 
uuthor of "0 sylvan Prophet." Again, the tr. of the 
" Te Deum " (also in Ssott) is one of 8 pieces in Dry- 
den's great metre, -which ia also new to the Primers' 
heroic couplets. Though not linked by" common glorias, 
tlte tone of all these la Drydeneso.no, especially the tr. 
or "Sncrls Solemniis," which lias these characteristic 
lines, " Tbey eat the- Lamb with legal rites and gave 
Their tnothersynagogue a decent grave," and closes with 
an Alexandrine. The tr. "Creator Spirit, by Whose 
aid " Is followed by two others in the same metre, 
which have a variation (in a single word) of its gloria. 
The three known hymns of Dryden are thus heads of 
groups presumptively of the same parentage. Proceeding 
further in the Cook, the large group of 8-ayllable hymns 
exhibits as, which are curiously marked as by a* single 
band through their glorias (see Primers). They have 
severs] Diydenesque phrases (e.g. "noon of night,' 
" glestny white," * technical use of "yielding," "liquid," 
" equal S J, turns of expression and cadences, and a signi- 
ficant link with the tr. of tbe " Te Deum " in the term 
" vocal blood " (ef, "vocal tears" In 2 otber rrj.) found 
In the tr. of "Dens tuorum mllltum," This technical 
method of inquiry when applied still further lo other 
groups linked by a single gloria certainly points in the 
same direction ; Drydenisms, links with groups already 
named, an occasional appearance of layman freedom of 
expression, and In oneouse ("Audit tyrannns" tr.), an 
echo of the heroic plays, emerge. The least charac- 
teristic group is that containing tri. of "Ave marls 
stella " and " Jean dulcis memoria," in c. m. ; and the 
latter tr. ("Jesu, (he only thought of Thee"), beautiful 
ttB It Is, is in the main only the tr. from the Printer of 
1SSS recast in c. K. But tbs adoption of c. M.~n new 
metre in these Primert — would he natural in one pre- 
viously long familiar with the metrical Psalms: the tr. of 
"Ave maris Stella" has the recurrent use of "equal," 
which is a mannerism of Dryden : and the word " way " 
in the tr. of " Jesu dulcis memoria" is used similarly 
In that of " Immense coeli condltor." 

The resnlt of a minute investigation, pur- 
posely conducted on somewhat mechanical 
lines, is a presumption almost amounting to 
proof, that the bulk of these 120 tr& are not 
only by tbe same band, but by the hand of 
Dryden. A measure of doubt must however 
attach to the least characteristic pieces, from 
the following considerations : — 

(1) The trt. of "Stabat Mater" and "Dies Irae" 
are reprinted from the Prtmsr of 16sV, This fact is of 
course not decisive against their parentage by Dry- 
den, ss it may he argued, that the primer of 36g? 
also contains Dryden translations. But (2) tbe tr. of 



DU EWIGEB ABGKUND 

the " Dies Irae " seems to be, notwithstanding some 
Drydenesque phrases, by Lord Boscommon. It is found 
In a text considerably Tariedftom that of 1T0S in Tate's 
MiKeHanea Sacra (INS and IMS) j and ia there attri- 
buted to Lord Boscommon. It appears also, but la a 
text identical with that of DOS, In Tonson'a Panax by 
TheBart of Soteonvum, 1T17, which jprofsBses to give 
only the " truly genuine " poems of tbe EarL If this 
tr. is not Dryden's, others also may not be his. And (a) 
the Primer of B. V. SI. in which these trt. are found 
did not appear till five yearn after Dryden's death ; and 
may have been edited by some one else. Mr. W. T. 
Brooke has drawn attention to -variations inthotextof 
Scott from that of tbe Primer ; which may be accounted 
for by editorial revision ; and the editor may have had 
blanks to fill in which Dryden had left. 

It would be most natural to suppose that the Printer 
would be edited by n priest; but the fact that it is diffi- 
cult to say whether the text in Seott or in the Primer 
is the more characteristic of Dryden either points to tbe 
existence of two authentic texts of tbe poet, or a revi- 
sion by.some one thoroughly intimate with Dryden's 
manner, e.a>(ssJir. Brooke acutely conjectures), Charles 
Dryden, who may have taken his father's Has. with him 
to Bome. 

The argument In flivonr of Dryden Is presented with 
great force and skill by Mr. Orby£hlpley in the Dublin 
Beciem, October, 1884, and in the preface to his Annul 
&»ic£ur. 

In corroboration of tbe evidence given 
above, Mr. Shipley has collected some Boman 
Catholic traditions, which ascribe to Dryden 
" a considerable number" of Latin trt. "Jesu 
dulcis memoria " nnd " Dies Irae " are said to 
have been translated as penances. These 
traditions are however very indefinite; in 
some cases they do not date earlier than the 
present century ; and in some (see Preface to 
Annus SanctnsS they are mistaken. He seeks 
a further corroboration of tha theory from tho 
appearance of several of these trt. in editions 
of The Manual of Prayers, 1750, and The 
Garden of the Soul, 1737. But it is shown 
under JVimers that these books afford no real 
evidence on this subject. [H, L. B.] 

Du ewlger Abgrund der seligen 
Iiiebe. N. L. von Zintendorf. [The Love of 
QotL} Written for the birthday, Sept. 21, 
1726, of his friend Count Henfcel of Oderberg. 
Appeared as No. 7 iu the " Andere Zugabe," 

0. 1730, to his 1725-8 Sammlung tret's*- mid 
luMicker Lieder (3rd ed, 1731, No. 19), in 8 st, 
of 10 1., entitled " Ein Erweckungs Lied an 
Fest-Tagen," and repeated in the Herrnhnt 
G. B., 1733, No. IX ; in the BHlder G. £., 
1778, No. 36, in 3 st. ; also in Knapp's ed. of 
Zinaendorf 's Geistliche Lieder, 1845, p. 72 ; and 
in his own En. L.8., 18B0, No. 1136, Tr. as :— 

1. Sternal depth of Love Divine, a free tr, of st. 

1, 3, 4, 7, by J. Wesley iaH.andS. Poems, 1739 
(P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i, p. 173). It was not 
included in the Wes. H. Bh. till in the Suppl. of 
1830, No. 586, omitting Wesley's st. iii. 11. 5-8, 
and iv, 11, 1-4. This form is in the new ed. 
1875, No. 655, and in the Wesley Association and 
Sea Connexion Collections. With the omission 
of the last 8 lines it is No. 94 in the Amor. 
Meth. Epis. Hymns, 1849. These omitted lines 
aw given as No. 730 ; " O King of Glory, Thy 
rich grace," in the same collection. 

1. Then deep abyss of hleasad Love, n free tV. of 
st. 1, i, 8, by Mrs, Charles in her Voice of CArit- 
tian Life in Song, 1858, p. 243, and thence ia 
Holy Song, 1869, No. 398. 



tr. is:— 

" Ye bottomless depths of God's Infinite love," by J. 
Gamboid. Tbe tr. of st. 1 appears as No. 23B in the 
Appendix of If 43 to the Moravian IT, £&., 1Y43, and the 
full form as No. 39a in pt. 11., 1)48 (isss. No, J*). Of 



DU HIMILISCO TROHTIN 



DUM MOETE VICTOR 



315 



Sc^-Wmsn tt of Bel Poetry, tLl%S3.^[j]yi.-] 

Dtt htmlliaoo trobttn. [Supplication.'} 
Wackernagel, if. p. 24, quotes this 12th cent 
hymn in 2 at. of 4 1„ entitled " The Prayer of 
Btgihard." Sigihard wm the writer of the 
Praising na.ef Otfrid'a works (now at Munich), 
and in anoteat the endof this Ms. says, "Ego 
sijrihaidus indignns presbyter scripsL Unaldo 
episcopus istud evangelium fieri jussit" IV. 
as "Thou Heavenly Lord of Light," by Mitt 
Winheorth, 1869, p. 29. [J. M.] 

Du schonstes GottesHnd. 6. Ter- 

tsUtgen. [Christmas.'] lstpub. in the 2nd 
ed., 17S5, of his GteisBfele* Blumtngdrtiein, as 
No. 46 in Bk. iii, in 11 st. of 8 1., entitled 
" The great Christmas gift" Included, omit- 
ting st i, 5, 10, 11, as No, 704 in Hansen's 
Vtrtuch, 1833 (Alia. G. B., 1810, No. 48). 
The only tr. in C. XL is. : — 

Thou fainat OhUd Ittvine, a good tr, from Bun- 
sen, by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Ger. t 2nd 
Ser., 1858, p. 16. Included, omitting the tr. of 
st. 8, as No. 359 in Ps. and ffys., Bedford, 1864. 
Two centos are found in American hymnals : — 

(1) " I was a foe to God," beginning with st, 2, is 
No. 373 in tlie Episcopal If./or CK, Airome, 1B60. 

(2) " Once blind With Bin and self," beginning with 
rt. 3 in the Dutch Rtfimatd B. Bk., 1869, the Bapt. 
Praia Bk., 1971, H. it Song* of Praise, N. T., 1874, 
«*■ [J. M.] 

Dtt ttnvergleiclilIcli'B Gut J. 86hef- 
fier. [Love to Ood.'] Appeared as No. 195 in 
Bk. v. of his Heiliye Sedeidwl, Breslau, IOCS, 
p 655 (Werite, 1862, L p. 323), in 8 st. of 6 1., 
entitled "She [The Soul] contrasts the Majesty 
of God with her Nothingness." Included as 
No. 726 in Freylinghausen's G. B., 1705, and 
recently, as No. 15, in Kuapp's Ev. L. 8. 1850 
(1865, No. 15). The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

Ood, of good the unfathsm'i sea, n vigorous 
and full rendering hj J. Wesley in S. and Sac. 
Poena, 1739 (7*. Works, 1868-73, vol. i. p. 141), 
and thence infull, as No. 30, in the II, $ Spiritual 
Songs, 1753, and as No. 5 iu the Pocket H. Bk., 
1785, It did not appear in the Wes. H. Bk., 
1780, but was added in an ed. between 1797 and 
1809, and is No. 38 in the revised ed. 1875. 
Various forms beginning with st i. appear in the 
f^eds If. Bk., 1853; the Ifeth. if. Connexion, 
1863 j the Irish Ch. Hyl., 1889-73; Baptist 
Hyl., 1879; Westminster Abbey H. Bk., 1883, &c. ; 
nod in America in the Moth. Epis. Coil^ 1819 ; 
Evaiig. Hyl., N. Y., 1880 ; Canadian Piesb. H. Bk., 
1880, Sk. In the Meth. Epis. South H. Bk. 
1847, No. 24, begins with st. 5, " Fountain of 
good I all blessing flows." 

Anothertr, !»:— "OGood beyond compare," by Mia 
Winkworth, 18M, p. 249. [J. M.] 

Duffield, George, jum, d.d., a. of the 
Bev. Dr. Duffleld, a Presbyterian Minister, was 
b. at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, Sept 12, 1818, 
and graduated at Yale College, and at the 
Union Theological Seminary, New York. 
From 1840 "to 1847 he was a Presbyterian 
Pastor at Brooklyn ; 1847 to 1852, at Bloom- 
field. New Jersey; 1852 to 1861, at Phila- 
delphia; 1861 to 1865, at Adrian, Michigan; 
1865 to 1809, at Oaleshurg, Illinois ; 1869, at 
Saginaw City, Michigan; and from 1809 at 
Ann Arbor and Lansing, Michigan. His 
hymns include : — 



1. Blessed Saviour, Thee I love, Jetus only. 
Que of four hymns contributed by him to Darius 
E, Jones's Temple Melodies, 1851. It is in 6 st of 
6 1. In Dr. Hatfield's Church H. Bk. it is given 
in 3 st The remaining three hymns of tho 
same date are : — 

1. Farted for some aaiions days. Family Hymn. 

>. Praise to omr heavenly Father, Ood. Family 
Union. 

t. Slowly in sadness and in tears. Burial. 

5. Stand up, stand up for Issue, Soldiers of 
the Cross. The origin of this hymn is given in 
Lyra Sac Americana, 1808, p. 298, as follows : — 

" I caught its Inspiration flom the dying words of that 
noble young clergyman, Rev. Dudley Atkins Tyng, 
rector of the Epiphany Church, Philadelphia, who died 
about ISM. His test wonts were, ' Tell them to stand 
up for Jesus: now let us sing a hymn.' As he hod 
been much persecuted in those pro-slavery days for his 
persistent course iu pleading the cause of the oppressed. 
It was thought that these words had a peculiar signifi- 
cance in his mind i as ir he had eald, ' Stand up for 
Jesus in the person of the downtrodden slave/ (Luke 
v, 19.) " 

Dr. Driffield gave it in 1858, in us. to bis 
Sunday School Superintendent, who pub. it on 
a small handbill for the children. In 1858 it 
was included in The Psalmist, in 6 st. of 8 1. 
It was repeated in several collections and in 
Lyra Sao, jlmer., 1868, from whence it passed, 
sometimes in an abbreviated form, into many 
English collections. [F, M. B.] 

Duffield, Samuel Augustus Wil- 
loughby, s. of G. Duffield, juu., was b. at 
Brooklyn, Sept. 24, 1843, and graduated nt 
Yale College, 1863. In 1866 he was licensed, 
and in 1867 ordained as a Presbyterian 
Minister, and is now [1880] Pastor of West- 
minster Church, Bloomfleld, Now Jereey. He 
pnb. in ] 867 a tr. of Bernard's Bora natistfma 
(q.v.): Warp and Woof; a Book of Verse, 1868 
fcopyri^ht, 1870) ; and The Burial of the Dead 
(in conjunction with his father), 1882. In 
the Laxsdes Domini, N.Y., 1884, the following 
tr». and an original hymn are by him : — 

1. Holy Spirit, come end shine. A tr. of "Veni 
Sauete Spiritus." 1883. 

t. O Christ, the Eternal Light, A tr, of " Chrtste lu- 
men perpetuum." 1683. 

3. O land, relieved from sorrow. On Beaten, written 
la 187S. 

4. O what shall be, O when shall be. A tr. of " 
quanta quails." 1B83. 

a. To Thee, Christ, we ever pray. A tr.of'Cbrlste 
precamur annue," 1883. [J. J.] 

Sum, Christa, conflxus cruel. C. 

Coffin, [PoesfoBiMte.] Appeared in the Paris 
Brev., 1736, and again in hi a Hymni Sacri. of 
iho same year. It is the Ferial hymn at 
Lauda in Passion week, and till Maundy 
Thursday. It is also in the Lyons Brev. and 
others. The text is given in J. Chandler's 
Hy>. of the Prim. Church, 1837, No. 65, and 
in Card. Newman's Hymni Ecclesiae, 1838 
and 1865. Tr. as :— 

O Thou, "Who in the pains of death. By W. 
Cooke, written in 1872 for the Hymnary, No. 238, 

Translations not in 0. Tt. i — 

1. O Thou, that nall'd upon the bleeding tree. I. 
Williams, BrUiikMag., April, iB34,andJVi./TO»l > ui-ii 
Brtv., 1B3». 

2. Whilst In the agonies of death, J. C&andler, 
IBM. 

3. While on the Cross, O Christ I In death. J. D. 
Chambers, 1S5J. ryf m A. S.] 

Dum morte victor obrutS. C. Coffin. 
\SS. Philip and Jtvme».'] This hymn is in 



318 



DUNCAN, MABY 



the Pari* JBrev., 1736, where it is given aa the 
hymn for the first Vespers of SS. Philip and 
James. 80 also in the Lyons and modern 
French Breviaries. It was included in the 
author's Hymni Bacri, 1736, and is also in J. 
Chandler's Hys. of the Prim. Church, 1837, No. 
94, and in Card. Newman's Hynmi Ecclesiae, 
1838 and 1865. IV. am- 
ine lord hath lunrt the hands of death. By J, 
Chandler, in his Hys. of the Prim. Chvrcft, 1837, 
p. 105, in 6 st. of 4 1, The hymn No, 358 in the 
Hymnary, 1872, although beginning with the 
same first line, and assigned to Chandler in the 
Index, is so altered as to be almost beyond recog- 
nition. The most that can be said of it is that 
it is based on Chandler's tr. Another tr. is : — 
When from Death's chambers Christ triumphant rose. 
/. WttUaKU, 1S38. [W. A. S.j 

Duncan, Mary, nee Iiundie, daughter 
of the Hev. Bobert Lundie, Parish Minister 
of Kelso, was b. at Kelso, April 26, 1814. On 
July 11, 1836, she was married to the Bey. 
William "Wallace Dnncan, Pariah Minister of 
CleUh,Kinross-Bbire. In the end of December, 
1839, she took a chill, which resulted in a 
fever, terminating fatally on Jan. 5, 1S40. 
Her gifts and graces were early consecrated 
to her Master's service. She wa* a devoted 
wife and mother, and a true helpmeet to her 
husband in iiis parochial work. Her hymns, 
mostly written for her children between July 
and December, 1839, appeared, in 184 1, in her 
Memoir, by her mother, and were issued sepa- 
rately, in 1842, m Bhymes for my Children, 
to the number of 23. The best known are, 
" Jesus, tender Shepherd, hear me," and " My 
Saviour, be Thou near me." [J. M.] 

Dunlop, Thomas, seventh son of Mr. 
James Dunlop, of Kilmarnock, was born at 
Kilmarnock, May 10, 1838. After studying 
at the Universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh, 
he became, in 1867, minister of the U. P. 
Church, Balfron, Stirlingshire, and in 1871 
joint minister of Bristo U. P. Church, Edin- 
burgh, This charge he resigned in 1875, 
and in the same year became minister of 
Emmanuel Congregational Church, Bnotle. 
In 1874 he was appointed a member of the 
Psalmody Committee of the U. P. Church, and 
contributed the hymn, " I cannot, no, I will 
not let Thee go," to their Presbyterian HymnaT, 
1876. In the Draft Hymnal, 1874, it began, 
" Jesus, I cannot, will not let Thee go,'' and 
contained 8 st. This form is included in the 
Bvang. Union Hymnal, 1878, No. 152. He 
has recently been a frequent contributor to 
the Poets' Comer of the Christian Leader, a 
religious paper, pub. in Glasgow. [J. M.] 

Dram, Catherine Hannah, dau. of a 
Nottingham bookseller and printer, was b. at 
Nottingham, Nov. 7, 1815, and d. May 18, 
1863. In 1857 she pub. a little volume of 
36 Hymns from the German. Of these 
the best known are noted under " Hilf, Herr 
Jesu, lass gelingen " and " Nun sioh der Tag 
geendet hat." They deserve more notice than 
they have as yet received. That at p. 37 is 
from " Liehster Jesu in den Tagen " [Frey- 
linghausen's G. B„ 1714, No, 249], that at 
p. 98 from " Bete nnr 1 bete nuT," by J. G. 
F. Kohler [Knapp's M. L. 8., 1850, No. 1623], 



DWIGHT, TIMOTHY 

and that at p. 119 from "EaUt vcllbrachtl 
Gottlob es ist vollbracht." [For this Inst see 
Orypnius, A.] [J. J.] 

Dunn, Robinson Porter, d.d., an 
American Baptist, b. in 1825 : was for some 
time Professor in Brown University, Provi- 
dence, Rhode Island; and d. Aug. 28, 1867. 
His hymns, mainly translated from the Latin 
and other sources, include, " No, no, it is not 
dying"; "Jesus, Jesus, visit me"; "Jesus, 
our feinting spirits cry " ; " We sinners, Lord, 
with earnest heart" (part of "Jesus, our 
fainting spirits cry," q.v.). These tr». ap- 
peared in some of the American hymn-books, 
and are in O. U. [J. J.] 

Dutton, Anne, b. cir. 1698, a. 1765, was 
a native of Northampton, and at the age of 22 
became wife of Benj. Dutton, Baptist minister 
of Great Granaden, Hunts. In 1743 her 
husband, on returning from a visit to America, 
was wrecked and lost near to the English 
coast. From that time to her death she de- 
voted her time and much of her income to the 
service of religion. 13 vols, of her letters 
were published, some being translated into 
the Dutch language. She was tiie author of 
several theological treatises, and in 1734 pub- 
lished a poem entitled, A narrative of the 
wonders of Grace, in six parts, to which was 
added A Poem on the special work of the Spirit 
in the hearts of the Elect, also Sizty'One 
hymns on several Subjects. These poems and 
hymns were reprinted in 1833, with a Memoir 
nf the author, by John Andrews Jones. 

The hymns are pros&ic in style, and may be described 
as short chapters of Cilvlnlatlc theology set to rhyme 
and metre. They have almost entirely passed out of 
use. One beginning- " Faith is a precious grace," not 
improbably suggested Beddome's well-known hymn 
with the same first line. And another oh " The Soul's 
joy in God as Its Portion " so mnch resembles, both In 
thought and expression, Kyland's fine hymn, "OLord, 
1 would deligbt In Thee," that it seems almost certain 
that, when writing it, he bad in bis mind, perhaps un- 
consciously, memories of Mrs. Button's composition. 

[W. R. S.] 

Dutton, Deodatus, jun., b. cir. 1810, was 
a native of Monson, Massachusetts, U.S. He 
was a Licentiate of the third Presbytery, 
New York, but died before ordination, about 
1832. His hymns in O. U. are :— 

1. On Thibet's snow-capt mountain, Missions. 
This appeared in pt. ii. of the Christian Lyrics, 
1831, in 3 st. of 8 1, It is an imitation of Bp. 
Heber's ''From Greenland's icy monntains," 

8, where can the soul find »lief from its fees f 
Heaven. The date and first pub. of this hymn 
is uncertain. It is given, together with the 
above, intheifymoufA Cotf., 1855. [F.M.B.] 

Dust and ashes, sin and guilt, J- 

Montgomery. [Image of Christ desired."] In the 
v. mss,, this hymn is dated "Jan. 23, 1833." 
It was pub. in Montgomery's Original Hymns, 
1853, p, 168, in 3 st. of 6 1., and headed ■' Be- 
ncwal in the Image of Christ." Its use is 
mainly confined to America. 

DwigM, Timothy, d.d. This is the 
most important name in early American 
hymnology, as it is also one of the most il- 
lustrious in American literature and educa- 
tion. He was b. at Northampton, Massa- 
chusetts, May 14, 1752, and graduated at 
I Yale College, 1769 ; was a tutor there front 



DWIGHT, TIMOTHY 

1771 to 1777. He then became for a short 
time a chaplain in the United States Army, 
but passed on In 1783 toFairfleld, Connecticut, 
where he held a pastorate, and taught in an 
Academy, till Itis appointment, in 1796, as 
President of Yale College. His works ore 
well known, and need no enumeration, He 
d. at New Haven, Jan. 11, 1817. In 1797 
the General Association of Connecticut, being 
dissatisfied with Joel Barlow's 1785 revision 
of Watts, requested Dwight to do the workde 
novo. This he did liberally, tarnishing in 
some instances several paraphrases of the same 
psalm, and adding a selection of Hymns, 
mainly from Watts. The book appeared as — 

■■ fhtpmiMof David, te.... By I.Wattt. D.D. A 
JVeu Edttim in wafc*. tke PsaJmt omitted Ojp Dr. Wait* 
are verbified, (ecol pattagtt art atttred, and a number 
qf Ftdtmt are verMed anew in proper metre*. By 
Kmetty Dvigkt, D.D..4C. . . . Taihc palms it addtd 
a Selection vf Hymns" 1800. 

Dwight'B lyrics are all professedly psalms, 
but they are by no means literal versions. 
Htsoriginalcompoeitionsnumber33. Of these 
many are still in common use, the most 
important being : — 

1. Blest be the lord, Who heard my prayer. Fs. 
xxviii. This is the second part of Ps. irviii., in 
5 «t. of 4 1. It is in the English Jf. Cong., 1859. 

t, X lev* Thy kingdom, Lord. P$.cssxxoii, This 
is version three of Ps. 137, in 8 st. of 4 ]., and 
is in extensive use at the present time throughout 
the States. It is alio included in many English, 
Irish, and Scottish collections, sometimes in the 
original form, as in Alford'sFeoro/ Praise, 1867; 
again as, " I love Thy Church, God," which 
opens with the second stanza, as in the Scottish 
Evangelical Union Hymnal, 1878, in 3 it., arid 
" We love Thy kingdom, Lord," in the Irish 
Church Hymnal, 1873. In Cleveland's Lyra Sac. 
Amer.S st. only are given from the original. 

Kelt to this in popularity are his 2nd and 
3rd renderings of Pt. Ixxxeiii, i — 

3. Shall man, Ood of lift aad light. (3rd st.) 

4, Who* tile prolongs its proeloas light. (2nd 
it.) Both of which are in extensive use. From 
his 4th version of the same Ps. (88), the following 
hymns hare been compiled, each opening with 
the stanza indicated : — 

I. Just o'er the grave I hung. Stanza 0. 
B, I saw beyond the temb. Stoma iv. 
7. Y* siaaers, fter the lard. Stanza anV. This 
last is found in Spurgeon's 0. 0. B. Bk. The 
original version consists of 13 stanzas. 

a. Then Whet* astntre earth and hu obey. Ft. 
IxsiL This is his second version of this Psalm, 
and was given in the Comprehensive Bippon, 1844. 
The following, most of which are of a more 
jubilant character, are well known : — 
». How nUestaf is Thy velos. Ps. Ixv, 
ID. In Sen's snored gates. Ps. el. 
11, lord et all worlds, incline Thy grssious 
[bounteous] ear. P». Kit. 
11. Bow to Thy ssored fcense. Ft. xliii., st. 3. 
IS. Bins; to the lerd most high. Ft. c. 
14. la bum wilds shall living waters spring, 
Ft. lUi. 

II. lord, in these daih aad dismal days, Ps. 
fWiaruii, 

No. 6 is found in Lyra Sac. Amer., pp. 101-2, 
the seven stanzas of the original being abbre- 
viated to live. 
In addition to the Ftalmt, Dr. Dwight pub- 



KABTH BKLOW IS 



317 



Ushed three poems, The Conquest of Canaan 
1785 ; Greenfield Hill, 1794 ; Triumph of 2»- 
fidelity, 1788. [F.M.B.] 

Dyer, Sidney, who served in the TJ. 8. 
Army from 1831 to c 1840, is a native of White 
Creek, Washington County, New York, where 
hewasb,inl814. On leaving the army he was 
ordained a Baptist Minister in 1842, and acted 
first aa a Missionary to the Choctaws, then as 
Pastor in Indianapolis, Indiana (1852), and 
bb Secretary to the Baptist Publication 
Society, Phiia. (1859). He lias pub. sundry 
works, and in the Sotdhwettern Psalmist, 1831, 
16 of his hymns are found. The following 
are later and undated :— 

1. ©a, preach the blest salvation. Missions. In 
the Bapt. Praise Book, 1871, aad The Bapt. 
Hy. & Tone Book, 1871. 

s, (heat ftatner [sUker] of unnumbered worlds. 
National Hwmliatwn. In the Boston Unitarian, 
Hymn [and Tune'] Bk., 1868, and others. 

a. When faint and weary taiUns;. Work ahittt 
it is day. In the Bapt Praise Book, 1871. 

4. Work, ftr flu night is coming. Duty. This 
hymn is in wider use than the foregoing, bttt 
though often ascribed to Dyer, is really by Mist 
Anna L. Walker, of Canada, who puh. a volume 
of Poems, 1868. S.Dyer, in 1854, wrote a hymn 
on the same subject for a Sunday-school in In- 
dianapolis, and hence the confusion between the 
two. In 1882 a cento beginning with the same 
stanza was given in Whiting's (English) Hys.for 
the Church Catholic, No. 366. Of this cento, 
st. i., ii. sto by Miss Walker; and st. iii., iv. by 
Miss Whiting, daughter of the editor of that 
collection. [F. M. B/] 



£ 



E., a signature in The Associate Min- 
strels, 1810, i.e. Mrs. Joan E. Condor. 

E. F. H., in Freedom's Lure, N. Y., 1840, 
i.o. E. F. Hatfield. 

E. a., in Old Version. Bee 0. v., § in. 6. 

E. It B,, in the People's H., 1867, i.e. E. 
C Iieaton-Blenkinsopp. 

K O. D., in Mrs. C. Brock's Children'* 
Hymn Book, 1881, i.e. Henrietta O. Dobrce. 

E.— 7. D. B., in the Christian Observer, 
i.e. Sir Bobeit Grant 

Each oomlng night, O Lord, two aeeu 
/. D. Bums. [Evening,] 1st pub. in bis 
Evening Hymn (a small volume of hymns and 
prayers), 1857, No. 16, on "Daily Mercies," 
and in 7 at of 4 1. In 1858 it was given in 
6 st. in the Bap. Pt. a) Hys., No. 914, and has 
been repeated elsewhere. It is not in the 
author's Poems, 1865. 

Early English Hymnady [English 

Eymnody, Eadyj. 

Earth below is teeming, heaven is 
bright above. J. 8. B. Monsell. [Harvest.] 
In his Hys. of Love and Praise, dec, 1863, 
this bynm is given in 4 st. of 8 1. and a chorus. 
It is based noon the words, "They joy before 
Thee, according io the joy in harvest" For 
his PaHsA Hymnal, 1873, No. 197, at. iii. and 
iv. were partly rewritten, and materially im- 
proved. In Snepp's Bongs at G.d G., 1872. 
No, 851, the itfefn. S, S. U. Bk., 1879, the 



316 EAKTH HATH DETAIN'D ME 

American Laudes Domini, 1884, the 1863 test 
is followed, Monsell's later text being ap- 
parently unknown to the compilers. [J. J.J 

Earth bath detain'd me prisoner 
long, I. Watts. [Praise.] This " Song of 
the Angels above" appeared in his Hone 
Lyrkm, 1706, in 22 st. of 4 1. In Toptady's 
Pa. i Hys., 1776, 12 at. were given as No. 175, 
beginning with st. ii. in an altered form as 
" Earth has engrosaM my love loo long." The 
centos in modern hymnals, as Spurgeon's 
0. 0. E. Bk., 1866 ; Hatfield's Church E. 
Bk., N. Y., 1872, and others ore token from 
tliia arrangement. [J. J.j 

Earth la passed away and gone, B. 
Alford. [Advent] Contributed to bis P». <6 
JJys., 1844, No. 4, in 4 St. of * ]., and repeated 
unaltered in Mb Year of Praise, 1867, hilt ap- 
pointed for the Gth Suu. after Epiphany. It 
is found in several collections In G. Britain 
and America, including the Earrow School E, 
Bk. and Sangsfor theSanctnary, N. Y.,1865. 

Earth, rejoice, the Lord Is King. C. 

Weeley. [Confidence in God.] Appeared iu 
Uys. * S. Pome, 1740, p. 113, in 14 st. of 4 L, 
and headed " To ho sung in a Tumult" (P. 
Works 1868-72, vol. i. p. 296.) In the Supp. 
to the Wet. H. Bk., 1880, 6 st. were given as 
" Earth, rejoice; our Lord is King," and this 
arrangement is repeated in the revised ed. of 
1875. In some of the American hymn-books 
the original reading is retained. [J. J.] 

Earth to earth, and dust to dust. 
Lord, we own, &c. J. E. Gumey. [The 
Resurrection.] Contributed to his CoU. of 
Hys. (Lutientorth CoU.'), 1838, No. 42, in 4 st. 
of 6 L, and repeated in his P». & Ilys. {MaryU- 
hons Coll.), 1851, No. 36. It is given, and 
frenerally unaltered, in several of the best col- 
lections in G. Britain and America. It is a 
distinct hymn in every way from Dr. G. 
Croly'B "Earth to earth, and dust to dust! 
Here the evil and tlio just" (Lyra Brit., 1867, 
p. 170), and is very suitable for funerals. [J, J.j 

East, John, sometime Curate of St. 
Michael's, Bath, and Rector of Croacombe, 
Somerset, pub. : — 

(l> Fsulmeag for tiit Churches: A cctltelion of 
psalm* and Hymns arranged for Public Worship m 
the Churches and Chapels throughout the Rectory of 
Balk, &c., fcc, 183B. (2) file SabbatK Harp, &coll&Ai{m 
of Sacred Poetry, K.o. ; am! (3) Mg Saviour ; or. Devo- 
tional Jftditationi inProseand Vtrse, sided., ISM. 

The following hymns by this author have 
come into C. U. ; — 

1. Coins unto He, ye weary, come. Invitation and 
Response. In his Sabbath Harp, N.n., In 4 st. of 4 1., 
sndstgncn "J. E." 

z. Lord of the Soul and it* light. The Light of life. 
From the Sabbath Harp into a few American hymnals. 

3. ^uns is * ttila inuaoe acme can stray. Heaven. 
In J& Saviour, Jto., 3rd ed. ; 1S3S, Mtditatha, Ho. 44, 
in 6 «(, of 4 1. 

4. "Where is my faith if I survey 1 Increase of faith, 
desired. Sometimea ascribed to J. East, but not traced 
to his works. [W. T. B.] 

Eastburn, James Wallis, a. of a New 

York bookseller and hrotlier of Br. Easthum, 
Bp. of Massachusetts, was b. in London, 
England, Sept 28, 1797. The family re- 
moved to New York in 1803, and he was 
educated at Colurobio College, New York, 
where he graduated in 1816. Taking Holy 
Orders in 1818, be subsequently became a 



EBEB, PAUL 

Hector at Aocomac, Virginia, where his 
41 abundant and successful labours " were out 
short by an early death He d. at Santa Gruz, 
Dec. 2, 1819. With Robert G. Sands, an 
intimate friend, he wrote a poem on the 
history of an Indian Chief, which waa pub, 
as Fa»wjideti,inl820. His hymns include : — 

1. holy, holy, half Laid, Bright in Thy deeds, 
to, \HcAy Trinity."] This hymn is said by Dr. 
Hatfield to hare been written in 1815. It was 
included in the Prayer-Soot Coll., 1826, nnd 
again in other collections. It is s " Ter Sanctus " 
of merit, and is widely used. 

3. Xaantaina of Israel. This is found in some 
old collections, and in Griswold's Sacred Poets, 
1848, p. 482. 

3, Stranger* no more we wildly rove. The 
Spiritual Temple. This is given in Lyra Sac. 
Americana. [F, M. B.] 

Ebeneaer, a nom de plume of Job Hupton 
in the Gospel Magazine. 

Eber, Paul, a. of Johannes Eber, master 
tailor at Kitzingen, Bavaria, was b. at Kitz- 
ingen, Nov. 8, 1511. He was sent in 1523 to 
the Gymnasium at AnBbuob, but being forced 
by illness to return home, was on his way 
thrown from horseback and dragged more than 
a mile, remaining as a consequence deformed 
ever after. In 1525 he entered the St. 
Lorentz school at Niirnberg, under Joachim 
Camerarius, and in 1532 went to tho Uni- 
versity of Wittenberg, where he graduated 
1586, and thereafter became tutor in the 
Philosophical Faculty, He was appointed 
Professor of Latin in 1544, then in 1557 Pro- 
fessor of Hebrew and Castle preacher, and in 
1558 Town preacher and General Superin- 
tendent of the Electorate, receiving in 1559 
the degree b.d. from the University. He d. at 
Wittenberg, Dee, 10, 1569 (Kocib, i. 271-278 ; 
AUg. Deutsche Biog., v. 529). 

At Wittenberg be was » close Mend of Melancbthon, 
was privy to all his plans, and conducted the greater 
part of his correspondence. After Melanchtbon'a death 
In 1560, be became leader of bis party, and bad to en- 
gage in various controversies with the Crypto-Calvlnlets, 
Jfcc. ; the seeds of his fatal Illness being sown on his re- 
turn Journey from the fruitless conference held at Alten- 
burg with the theologians of Jena, which lasted from 
CM. 2», 1SBS, to Marsh », 1669. 

Eber was, next to Luther, tho best poet of 
the Wittenberg school. His hymns, some of 
them written for his own children to sing to 
Luther's melodies, are distinguished for their 
oliild-liko spirit and beautiful simplicity. 
17 hymns have been attributed to him, 4 of 
which are certainly his, and probably 2 
others. Of theae 6, 5 have been tr. into Eng- 
lish, one of which is noted under " Diciinus 
grates," and the others are: — 

i. Hen Jean Christ, wahr Benson and Oott. 
For the Dying. The first hymn-book in which 
this simple and beautiful hymn has been found 
is the Low German Enchiniian, pub. at Ham- 
burg, 1565, where it is in 8 at. of 8 I., entitled 
" A prayer to Christ for a happy departure from 
this troublous life," and marked as "D. Paulus 
Eberus I'iiiolis snis faciebat MDLVii.'* Wacker- 
nagei, iv. p. 4, gives this aud a second form in 
High German from the Psahnen, Qeyatiiche lAeder 
und GesSnge, Strnssburg, 1569. In his Biblio- 
graphic, 1855, p. 233, Wackernagel describes an. 
undated broadsheet, which he would date 1550, 



EBBtt, PAUL 

nnd ut [j. 279 says it forms the 1st of Jfcwn 
Sehtitie Geistltche Liedcr, Niirnberg N.£>., c. 1556, 
G. D3ring, in his CWaMuncfe, Danzig, 1865, 
p. 43i, says it appeared as " Panie Jezu ty'B 
tiloivtek i Bog "in the Polish C'aittionat, ed. by 
Pastor Seklucyan, and pub. at Konigsberg, 1559. 
I.aujrmann, in Abift, viii, 591-594, adds that it 
comforted Eber himself while he lay n-dyiug, 
Deo. 10, 1569; was repeated by Hugo Grotius a 
few minutes before his death, Aug. 28, 1G45; 
and was a favourite hymn of Prince Wolfgang 
of Anhalt (d. 1566), Christian I., Elector of 
Saxony (d. 1591), of the Margrave Georg 
Friedrich of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (d. 1603), 
&c Included as No. 820 in the Unv. L. &, 
1851. The trs. in C. U. are :— 

1, Lord J»ua fJhrfat, true Kan and God, Who 
borert. Good and full, by Miss- Winkworth in 
the 1st Ser. of her Lyra Ger., 1855, p. 239. 
Of this st. i.-iv. appear in the Ps. <t Hys., Bed- 
ford, 1859 ; i., ii., viii, in the Barroui Softool H, 
Bk., 1866 i and i.~iii,, v., viii. in the Pennsyl- 
vania Lutheran Church Bh., 1868. A cento from 
st. ii., 11, 3-4), iii., 11. 1-4, vii., 11. 3-6, beginning, 
" When from my sight all fades away," is No, 
1181 in the American Sabbath If. Bk., 1858. 

I, Lord Jem* Christ, true Kan and God, ThenWho. 
A tr. by E. Crottenteett, in 9 et. of L.M., based 
on st. i,, ii., iv.-viii., as No. 434, in the Ohio 
Xxtrt. Eyl., 1880, 

Othartca, ar«,(l) "OGcd, support me, death tsnear," 
by Dt. a. Walker, I860, p. las. (2) "Lord Jesus 
Christ, true Man and God, who hast, by & Manic, 
18M, p. 10. 

ii, Wenn wtr in hoehaten NBthen aein. In 
Trouble. Founded on a hymn by Joachim 
Camerarius, his former master at Niirnberg [b, at 
Bamberg, April 12, 1500, d. as Professor of 
Greek and Latin at Leipzig, April 17, 1574], 
which in Wacternagel, L p. 324, runs thus : — 
" In tenebris noatrac et densa caHgine mentis, 
Cum nihil est toto pectore consult, 
Turbati criglmue, Deus, ad Te lumina cordis 

Nostra, tusmque ndea solius erat opem. 
Tu rege conslllls actus, Pater optlmo, nostras, 
Nostrum opus ut laudl serviat omne Tuae." 

These lines comforted Melanchthon in 1546; 
and Lauimann, iu Koch, viii. 161-165, thinks 
probably Eber also. He relates that on Ascen- 
sion Day, 1547, after the battle of MiihlbcTg, 
the Wittenbergers having received a message 
from the captive Elector to deliver their city to 
the Emperor Charles V. assembled foT prayer in 
church ; and quotes a portion of the prayer 
by Bugenhagcn which greatly resembles fiber's 
hymn. But that the hymn was written then 
we have no proof, and the earliest source quoted 
by Wacicrnaqel, iv. p. 6, is the Ifam Bcth&chlisin, 
Dresden 1566, in 7 st. of 4 1., though in his 
Bibtiogiaphie, 1855, p. 312, be describes a broad- 
sheet printed at Niirnberg, n.i>., o. 1560. In 
M. Holler's Meditathnes sanctonttn Patrian, 
GBrlitz, 1584, it is entitled " A beautiful prayer 
of the venerable Dr. Paul Eber, which he com- 
posed on the beautiful words of King Jehosha- 
phat, 2 Chron. n, 12." Included as No. 583 
in the Unt>. L, S., 1851. 

A " Cry from the depths," though not in despair but 
in trustful confidence in God, it is one of the finest and 
moat widely used hymns of the Reformation period, 
Lautmann relates how the singing of this hymn and 
the prayers of Martin RLnkart (q.vO» ArClildlaconue of 
Kulenburg near Leipzig, prevailed to move the heart of 
the Swedish UentenantrColonel, who on Feb. 31, 1636, 
had demanded from the inhabitants • ransom of £4100, 
but eventually accepted 2QW florins ; says that in com 



MBEBT, JACOB 



319 



memoration of a similar deliverance from the Swedish 
army lo 164J the hymn was long sung at the end of the 
Sunday afternoon servico st Pcgau, near Leipzig, and 
aids other incidents regarding its use. 

The only (I-, in C. U. is:— 
When in the hour of utmost need. A full and 
very gooil tr. by Miss Wink worth in the 2nd 
Ser. of her Lyra Qei\, 1858, p. 180, and thence 
as No. 141 in her C. B. for England, 1863. In- 
cluded in full in the Amer. fresh. Hijl., 1874, 
and the Ohio Lutli. Hyl, 1880. In full, though 
slightly altered, as No. 233, in II. A. fr 31, 
1861, but omitted in the revised ed., 1875. In 
the Ilymnary, 1871, Psalmist, 1878, J. L, 
Porter's Coll., 1876, Turing's Coll., 1882, and the 
Evaag. Hyl., N, Y., 1880, st. v. is omitted. 

Other trs, are, (1) "When wenrcundorgrcatdistrcss," 
by /. C. Jacobi, 1130, p. 19 (1T2JS, p. 119; 1132, p. 1S4, 
altered, and thence as No. 140 in lit, i. of the Mwatian 
S. Bk., 1154). (a) " When neither help nor counsel's 
nigh," by Br. a. Walker, 1S60, p. 69. (3) " When all 
ourway is hedged around," by jlf. L. JVoilfitfrftam, 1810. 

His hymns not in English C. U. are ; — 

iii. Helft mir Qottos Onto nreisen. [jvew Tear.] 
Written on the name Helena, borne both by his wife and 
his daughter, the initial Letters of oaGhst- composing It, 
Wactennwet, tv. p. 6, ouotes it from Elchom's Geitt~ 
liche LUaer, Frankfurt a. Oder, c. lsso, in 6 st. of 
8 1., entitled, " A Thanksgiving and Prayer for the New 
Year, in remembrance of God's goodness, for the Chil- 
dren." Older but less correct forms are noted by MateeU, 
p. ISO, as in the Copenhagen 67. B., 15)1, and the Stettin, 
isle. IncludedssSo.Ssintuo Unv. L. 8., lssi. itis 
tr. as, " Ye Christians in this nation," by /. C. Jacobi, 
lf22,p. u(i13a, p. 10, altered and beginning, "Come, 
let us all, with Fervour.") 

iv. In Chriati Wund^n lohlaf ioh ein, [A^r Iks 
Dying.] Appears in Jeremias Weber's G. B., Leipzig, 
1S3S, p. 191, msrked aa " Another " (the hymn imme- 
diately preceding is ascribed to Eber), In 3 st. of 4 t. 
In the Berlin Q. L. 8., ed. 1863, No. 1468, the test Is 
slightly varied, and arranged iu 2 st. of 6 1. It was 
first ascribed to Eber In the HUrnberg G. B,, Will. 
Lausmann, in AbcA, vill. sas-601, eays of it, " r fhat 
the hymn is much older than the date of its appearance 
[i.e. than 1039] seems obvious; that it breathes the 
childlike spirit of Eber Is certain. More than this we 
cannot say." St. i., 11. 3-6, " Ja Christ! Glut uud Go- 
rechtigkelt," has been adopted by many pious Germans, 
young and old, aa a prayer In life and death, and Lsux- 
mann relates many interesting incidents regarding its 
use by A. 0. Spaugenberg, by tVillielm Hey, and ouicro. 
Those four lines were adopted by K. L. von Zingendorf, 
as the first et. of his well-known hymn, " Christi illut 
undGerechUglteit*' (q. v.), Itlsfr. as, "I fall asleep 
In Jesus' arms," by Mia Winltmrtli., 1869, p. 121. 

[J. M.] 

Ebert, Jacob, was b. Jan. 26, 1549, at 
Sprottau, In Silesia. In tho University of 
Frankfurt a. Oder he was successively Pro- 
fessor of Hebrew, of Ethics, and of Theology, 
and d. thoro Feb. 5, 1614 (Xocft, ii. 270-271 ; 
Bode, p. 62). Ono hymn by him has been 
tr. .— 

Su FiiedefUret, Hen Jesu Christ. [fb>* Peace.] 
1st pub. tnB.Gesius's Geistliohe Deutsche Licdcr, 
Frankfurt a, Oder, 1601, folio 197, in 7 st. of 7 1., 
entitled "In Time of War, a prayer for peace, 
D. Jauobus Ebertus," the D denoting that ho was 
also Doctor of Theology. Thence in Waaker- 
nagel, v, p. 413, and iu the Utw. L. 8., 1851, 
No. 565. Sometimes erroneously ascribed to L. 
Helmbold. The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

Lord Jesu Christ, tha Fcinofl of Feaee, A good 
tr., omitting st. iii., as No. 182, by Miss Wink- 
worth in her C. B.for England, 1863. Her trs. 
of st. 1., ii., iv. form No. 153 in the Ohio Lath, 
Byl, 1880. 

Another tr.ia: "Lord Jesn, blessed Frlnce of Peace, " 
by J. C. JmoW, lias, p. tai (Has, p. iss), and thcoce 
aa No. 311 in pt, 1. of the Moravian B. Bk., 1164. 

[J. M.] 



320 EBRABD, JOHANN H. A. 

Ebrard, Johann Heini-iob August, 
»,!X, was b. Jan. 18. 1818, at Erlangen, 
Bavaria, and is now [1885] honorary professor 
and pastor of the French Beformed Church 
there. 

While chief pastor M Speyer he was principal com- 
piler of the excellent hymn-book for Bbenisn Bavaria 
(Kbetn-Pfala), pub. at Speysr, 1869, which, like others 
of bis good works there, was thrown aelde to please the 
Radicals. He la the author of various theological works, 
poems, Ac. His partial version of the Psalms is noted 
under Pealteia, Gemma. Two have been ^r. "Duselbst, 
o Herr, hist ja tneln Hlrt undHuter," Pa. xxlii., and 
"Wiescbun und HeWlehlstesaniuBeben," Ps. cxulll., 
In his AuigeiiiaSIteriabxen Dmtdt, Erlangen, 1862, pp. 
31 and 48, Ps. xxilt. is tr. by C. T. Astley, I860, p. 8 ; 
nod Pa. cxxxlll. by J. Kelly, 1684, p. 81. [J, M.] 

Soce jam noctis tenuatur umbra, 

St. Gregory the Great. [Early Morning.'] The 
oldest known form of this hymn is in three 
ass. of the 11th cent, in the British Muatwn 
(Jul. A. vi. f. 21 i Veep. D. iii, f. 7 ; Harl. 
2961, f. 219$), and in the Latin Hyt. of the 
Anglo-Saxon Church, published in 1851, from a 
MS. of tile 11th cent, at Durham (Surteea Soft, 
1851). It is also given, in common with other 
hymns by St. Gregory, in the various editions 
of his Work» t in Migne, and in Daniel, i., 
No. 117, and others. The text was revised 
for tbe Soman Brev., 1632 (Sunday at 
Lauds), and it is from this revised text, as 
in Daniel, i., No. 117, that must trt. have 
been made. Tr. as : — 

1. Paler hare rnm the shades of night. By 
Card. Newman. This appeared in Tracts for the 
Times, 183tf, Ko.75 in the Hainan Breviary, p. 
B2, in S st. of 4 1., and is repeated in Lord Bute's 
English ed. of the Breviary. Jn 1850 K. Camp- 
bell altered it to "Behold the shade of night 
departs," and included it in his Hys. and 
Anthems, p. 2. From that collection it passed 
Into the Scottish Episc Ooli,, 1858, &c. 

>. Lo, now the melting shade* of night are 
ending. By W. J. Copeland, from the Soman 
Brev., in his Hyt. for the WW, 1848, p. 10, in 
3 st. of 4 1. This ir. ia not in C. U., but it seems 
to have suggested the cento, " Now when the 
dusky shades of night retreating" (q.v.). 

5. Lo, tiu diu shadows of the night are waning. 
An anonymous tr. in the Antiphoner $ Grait, 
1880, p. 66, and the Hymtuv, 1882, No. 84. 

Other tee. are:— 

1. Behold! night's shadows fade, Bymn.AiuUcamaH, 
18-14. 

a. Lo, fainter now lie Bpread the shades of night. £. 
Outwit. 1849. 

3. How thinly falls the shade of night. By IT, /. 
Blew, 18M-SB, 

4. See I vanished are the paling shades of night. J. 
D. Chambers, lasf. 

6. Pale grow the shadowa night hath spread around 
ue». J. W.Bewttt. lafifl. 

a. 1.0, now the shadowy clouds of night are flying. 

t. e. c-tnp™. lass. [j_ j,] 

Boee pulchra c&norum reeonet voce 
Alleluia. Tli is Sequence is found in a 
Bodleian MS. [rrs, f. lei], written in the reign 
of Ethelied, sometime between the years 
■s-.ii. 994-1017. It occurs in the Common 
of many martyrs in the Sarwn Missal, and 
in the Common both of one and of many 
martyrs in the Hertford and the York Missals. 
The text is given in iho reprints of these 
Missals. It is also in an 1 1 th cent. Winchester 



EOCK TEMPUS IDONEUM 

book now in the Library of Corpus Christi 
College, Cambridge, No. 173. Tr. as :— 

Heaven with alleluia* ringing, By Mrs, Chester, 
contributed to the Hymnary, 1872, No, 401, and 
signed " H. M, C." 

Translation! not in 0. TJ. : — 

1, Lo sweetly sounds the deep-toned Alleluia. G. B. 
Pearson. Sarun Miiial in English, 18SS. 

2. Allelutu softly sounding, C. B, Pearaon. Santencel 
from (ft* Sanaa Jfiaal, l«i. [J. J.] 

ZSoce sedes hie Tonantia. Abbe Bes- 
navlt. [Dedication of a Church.'] In the re- 
vised Paris Brev., 1736, this is the hymn at 
second Vespers on the Feast of the Dedication 
of a Church. So in the Lyons and other modem 
French Breviaries. The text is given in 
Card Newman's BTymni Eochtiae, 1838 and 
1865. rW.A.8.] 

Translations in C. U. ;— 

Thia ia the abode when dad doth dwell. By 1. 
Williams. 1st pub. in the British Magazine, 
Jaly, 1837, and again in his Hys. IY. from the 
Parisian Brev., 1839, p. 338, in 5 st. of 6 1. It 
was repeated in the Child's Christian Tear, 1841, 
and other collections. 

Thia is the house when 0«d doth dwtlL This 
is a slightly altered form of tbe above tr. by I. 
Williams. It appeared in the Hytnnary in 1872, 
No. 429. [J. J.] 

Ecce soUemni hao die can&mus feata, 
[Nativity of B. V. M.] The earliest known 
form of this sequence is given in a us. of the 
10th cent at St. Gall, No. 340. It is also in 
five St. Gall am of the 11th cent. (Nos. 343, 
376, 378, 380, 381), beginning : " Ecce solemnis 
diei," and in an 11th cent us. in tbe British 
Museum (Add. 19768, f, 59 &> Mme(No.341) 
and others regard it as a Notkerian Sequence. 
The text is also m Kehrein, tio. 191, Daniel,ii. 
p. 54, Ac, Tr. as :— 

W» kwp the feast in gladness. By R. P. Little- 
dale, made for and 1st pub. in the People's If., 
1887, No. 279, ttnder the signature of " D. L" 

[J. M.] 
EooetempuB idoneum. [Lent.] Thia 
hymn is sometimes ascribed to St. Gregory 
the Great, but npon insufficient authority. It 
is found in a Bodleian us. of the 12th cent. 
(Laud. Lat. 95, f. 140 6), and in the British 
Museum us. Veap. D. xii. f. 1226, in a hand of 
late 12th oent. It is also in the Sarum Brev. 
(in a 13th cent, copy in the Bodleian, Raidin- 
ton C, 73, f. 63) as tbe hymn at Vespers from 
the Saturday before the third Sunday in Lent; 
daily in the Ferial Office to Passion Sunday, 
(Hymn. Sarisb., Lon., 1851, p. 72.) It is also 
in the Aberdeen Brev., 1509, Daniel pives the 
text, vol. i„ No. 152, in 5 st. of 4 1. The text 
is also in Card. Newman's Hymni Ecclesiae, 
1838 and 1865. [J. M.] 

Translations in C, U, : — 
1. Lo, now is our accepted day. By J. M. Neale, 
in the 1st ed. of the Hymnal If., 1852, and later 
editions. It is given with another doxology in 
the Hymner, 1882, No. 47. Two altered forms 
are also in C. IT., one in H. A. $ M., 1861-75, 
arranged by the Compilers; and the second ia 
the Hymnary, 1B72, by the Editors. 

S. Behold now is th.' accepted time. By J. A. 
Johnston, in the 2nd ed. of his EnjUsh Aymna/, 
1S56, and later editions. It is an altered form 



ECKING, SAMUEL 

of Dr. Neale's tr. as above. In Kennedy, 1863, 
No. 401, further alterations ore introduced. 

3, Behold 1 the aeeepted time appear. By J. D. 
Chambers, in his Xaudo S^on, 1857, p. 135. It 
ni repeated in the People's S., 1867, Ko. 63. 

Translatiens not in C. TJ. ; — 

1. Behold the appointed time to win. it. aunpoett. 
ISM. 

i.Loye,tbeilttingtlmetetbi». W.J. Blew. 185J-5S. 

3. Lo, now Is coma the lit, accepted time. J. W. 
Hewitt. 18(0. [J'J-3 

Ecking, Samuel, a Baptist, b. at Shrews- 
bury, Dec. S, 1757, d Jon. 16, 1785, con- 
tributed hymns to the Gospel Magazine, in 
1778 nnd 1770, under the signature of " S. 
E— k — ft." Of tbeselbehymn,''Peace,peaoe, 
my soul," is in C. U. This hymn is also found 
in his jttsay* on Grace, Faith, and Experience. 

fTF. T. B.J 

Eddis, Edward William, a member of 
the Catholic Apostolic Church, commonly 
known as the " Itvingites," compiled for the 
use of their congregations, and pub. in 1864, 
flirt, for the Use of the Churches (Lond., Bos- 
worth & Harrison). It contained 205 hymns, 
of which 19 were his original compositions, 
and 2 translations. The 2nd ed., in a revised 
form with 320 liymns and 44 doxologies, was 
pnb. in 1871 (Lond., J, Strangeways). To 
this he contributed 40 new hymns and 1 trans- 
lation, thus making 62 hymns. All these are 
signed *'E. W, Eddis." Very few are found 
in any other collection. The exceptions in- 
cludo " O brightness of the Immortal Father's 
Pace " (tr. from the Greek); "Inns the hope 
of glory" (The Second Advent desired); and 
"Thou standest at the altar" (W. Commu- 
nion). There are other hymns in this collec- 
tion signed "E.," "(I.E.," and "RE," which 
saeni to indicate members of his family, but 
about which we can gain no definite informa- 
tion. Tlic last, " E. E," is probably his wife, 
as her name was " Ellen Eddis." [J. J.] 

Eddy, Zaohary, d.d., K at Stockbridge, 
Vermont, Bee. 19, 1815, and ordained to the 
Cumberland Presbyterian Ministry, in 1835, 
After acting as a Missionary in "Western New 
York and Wisconsin, he was a Congregational 
pastor at Warsaw, N.Y., 1850-55, nnd at 
Northampton, Mass., 1857; then Reformed 
Dutch pastor at Brooklyn, 1867 ; and again a 
Congregational Minister at Chelsea, Mass., 
1871, and at Detroit, from 1873 to 1884. Dr. 
Eddy was the principal editor of the Beformed 
Dutch Mymnt of the Church, 1869 ; and with 
Drs. Hitchcock and P. Soliaff, of Hymns and 
Songs of Praise, 1874. His hymns include : — 

1, Bnek forth, ye heavens, In tone Praise to 
the Holy Trinity. This is No. 43, in 3 st of 7 1., 
in The Mamtat of Praise, Oberlin, Ohio, 1880. 
It is a spirited hymn, 

S, Slwdi swell anond m*, angry) appalling. 
Lent. Affliction. Ko. 421 in the Mye. of the 
Church, 1869, in 4 »t. of 4 1. 

S, I saw an a throne vpltftea In light. Christ in 
Glory. Ko. 209 in the -ffj/». o/ tAe Church, 1809, 
in 4 st. of 4 1. 

4, Jeeui, enthroned end glorified. Whitsuntide. 
A prayer for the gift of the Holy Spirit, No. 329, 
in the Hue. of the Church, 1869, in 4 st. of 61, 

[P. M. B.] 



EDMESTON, JAMES 



321 



Edaling, Christian Ludwig, s. of Lud- 

wig Edeling, Superintendent at Lobejuu, near 
Halle, on the Saalo, was b, at Lobe.iiin, July 
31, 1679. After the completion of his theo- 
logical studies nndur Spener and Francke, he 
became, in 1701,tutortbNicolausLudwig von 
Zinzendorf, and in 1706 Bector of the school at 
Groningen,near Halberatadt In 1710 he was 
appointed assistant preacher at Sehwaaebeck, 
near Halberatadt, where he became chief 
preacher in 1723, and Superintendent in 
1739, and d. there Sept 18, 1742 (Koch, v. 
219-220; Bode, pp. 62-63; us. from Ober- 
pfarrer Graue, LobejUo), 

Hie Paetistker TOrrath, now extant at Wernlgerode, 
la ne. contains 21 hymns. Of tbeee he contributed 
10 to FreyHnghatisen* Neuet geistreichet G. it., 1T1 4, 

viz.. Nog. SB, n, MI, 3JS, 521, »12, SB4, SSI, BBS, 110. 

Two of these bare been tr. 

L Chrirten erwarien in elleriet Tallen. Trust in 
Cod, m*, No. 63a, in st. Tr. by JV. L. ProtMng- 
Aam,lB70, p. 236, ee "Christiana may find in each soene 
of commotion." 

U, Der Sat; biieht an, die Kaeht lit bin. Morning. 
1714, No. ess, In 12 et. Toe trt. ate ttam Bunseirs 
ViriMfc, 1833, Ko. SIT, beginning with et. fill., " Ver- 
uinde mlcb, mdn Hell, mlt dlr." (It ie based on 
" Der Tag orient an nnd zetget elch. In David Ton 
SchwelnUi's Penta-ftttxu Pid&m Orrdialivm. Danzig, 
1840 ; reprinted !n Wittell, isfiB, No. IBS, In 21 et. of 
6 1., and the Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 18S3, No. 1090.) The 
fn. are, (l)'sMy Saviour, make me cleave to Thee," by 
MUs Cat, 1841, p. S3. (2) " Lift up my eoul to Thee, 
OLord," byJjidyJS. Fortescue, 1843(18*1, p. 12). 

[J. M.] 

Edmeston, Jam ea, b. Sept. 10, 1791. His 

maternal grandfather was the Rev. Samuel 
Brewer, who for 50 years was the pastor of an 
Independent congregation at Stepney, Edu- 
cated as on architect and surveyor, in 1816 he 
entered upon his profession on his own ac- 
count, and continued to practise it until his 
death on Jan. 7, 1867. The late Sir G. Gil- 
bert Scott was his pupil. Although an Inde- 
pendent by descent he joined the Established 
Church at a comparatively early age, and sub- 
sequently held various offices, including that of 
churchwarden, in the Church of St. Barnabas, 
Homerton, His hymns number nearly 2000. 
The best known are "Lead ns, Heavenly 
Father, lead ns," and * Saviour, breathe an 
evening blessing." Many of Ms hymns were 
written fur children, and from their simplicity 
are admirably adapted to the purpose. For 
many years he contributed hymns of various 
degrees of merit to the Evangelical Magazine. 
His published works are : — 

(1) Tfc* Search, and otker Poems, 1817. (2) Sacred 
Lyrws. isse, a volume of si hymns and i poem. This 
wee followed by a 2nd Series, 1821, with ss ; end a 3rd 
Series, 1822, vlth 27 pieces respectively. (3) Tne CM- 
tagt JKnstreti or,Bymntfor the Astutanceqf CtAta- 
pere ift thtir Dctustic Wur&ip, 1821. This wee pnb. 
at tiie Buggefltten of a member of tbe Home Missionary 
Society, and contains So bymne. (4) One Hundred 
Hymn* for Sunday Sckoott, and for Particular Octa- 
siont, 1821. (s) jrtuijBory Bgmm, 1S23. (t) Fatmes, 
a Fragment, and Other Potmt, 1824. (T) Tike Woman 
et ^Bttom, and Otaer Poam, 1924. If) Fifto Original 
Hymns, 1833. (0) Hymns for the Chamber qr Sickness. 
1844. (10) Cleat Hymnt and poems, 1344. (tl)fn- 
fant Hveathings, being Hynns for Ue Fcmnp, 184S. 
ill) Sacred Poetry, isrt. 

In addition to those of his hymns which 
have attained to an extensive circulation, as 
those named above, and are annotated in this 
work under their respective first lines, there 
are also the following in C. U. in G. Britain 
and America ; — 



322 EI KAI EN TA*0 

I. Along toy earthly way. Anxiety. In bis Sacred 
Lyrics, 3rd si*, 1832, La 8 at. of 41. Ic Is given la 
several collections, bat usually In an abbreviated form, 
■ad generally somewhat altered. 

9, park river of death that ia [art] flowing, Dtath 
Anticipated, Given In. bia Sterna Lyrics, 3rd set, IBM, 
p. 39, In o *t, of 4 1. It is usually given In au abbre- 
viated form, and sometimes at, " Dark river of death 
that art flowing," 

S, Come, sacred pence, delightful guest. Peace. Ap- 
peared in big Closet Sumnt t St., 1844, in 4 8t. of 4 1. 

*, Eternal God, before toy throne, Three nations, 
National fiat, 

5. For Thee we pray and volt. Second Advent. 

6, Ood intrust* to all. Parable of the Talents. This 
Is No. 13 of bis Infant Breathings, 1*46, in 5 st. of 4 1. 
It la a simple application of the parable to the life of a 
child. It Is widely used. 

7. Gedishere; howsweetthesound. Omnipresence. 
Oiven o$ No. 9 in his Sacred Lyrics, 1st set, 1820, in 
6 st. of 4 I. In tbe Bapt. Hyl., 1879, No, 4*. St. I — lit. 
are from this text, and It. and v. are from another 
source, 

8, Bow sweet the light of Sabbath eve. Sunday 
Evening. No. 1ft in The Cottage Minstrel, ISM, slightly 
altered. 

8, Is than a tune when momenta flowi Sunday 
Evening. No. 5 of his Sacred Lyrics, let set, 1820, la 
T st. of 4 1. 

10, Little travellers Seaward, Burial of Children, 
Bo, 2S of his Infant Breathings, Jfcc., 1841, in 3 St. of 
8 1. In the Leeds H. Bk., 1863, It begins with St. U., 
" Who are they whose little feet ? " 

II. Kay we, Lord, rejoicing say, Jfational Thank*, 
giving. Dated 1849 by the author in Spurgeou'9 0. 0. 
B. Bk., No. 1008. 

IS, Hnaio, bring; thy sweetest treaanr#. Holt) Tri- 
nity. Dated 183Y by the author la fipntgeod'e 0. O. B. 
Bk., No. 1ST. It Is in hie .Sacred Poetry, 1847. 

13. Roll on, thou mighty ooeon, Dqxttturc of Mis- 
sionaries, la his Missionary Bys., 1823, in 4 et. of 4 I. 
It is la C. U. in America. 

11, Sweet is file light of Sahboth eve. Sunday Even- 
ing, la EI st. of 4 !., from tbe Cottage Minstre\ 1821, 
where it Is given as No. 10, and entitled " The Cotta. 
ger'H Reflections upon the Sabbath Evening." 

10. Thought of Sahhoth eve. Sunday Evening. In 
E st. of 4 1.. as No. 11 in the Cottage Minstrel, 1821, 
p. 14, and headed, " Solemn Questions for the Sabbath 
Evening." 

IS, Wake, harp of Zion, wake again. Missions tothe 
Jews. Dated 1840 by the author in Spurgeon's O. O. 
B. Bk. It is In his Sacred Poetry, 1847. 

17. 'When shall the voioe of si ng i ng ! In hie Mis- 
sionary Hymns, 1822. It is in a lew American collec- 
tions. 

IS. 'When the worn spirit wants repose, Sunday. 
No. IB, ofhis£fccr«*.Lyrici, 1st est, IBM, in 4 at. of 41. 
It is somewhat popular, and is given In several collec- 
tions In Q . Britain and America, as tbe Bapt. Ps. A Bys., 
1858-80; the Church praise Mk.,1H. T., 1881, tic 

19. Why ahonld I, in vain repining) Consolation. 
No. 14 in the 1st set of his tSacred- Lyrics, 1910, la 4 Ht. 
of 4 L [J, J.] 

E£ Kai iv Ta<f>o} KaT7)X9e<i aOdvare. 
St. John of Damascus. [Jfttafer,] This ia a 
Contakion (xarTitiaoy), or short hymn, dating 
from about the middle of the eighth century, 
found in the Pentecwtarioii, in the Office for 
Easter Day, The original is given in Dr. 
Littledale's Office*, £&, of the Holy Eastern 
Church, 1863, p. 91, and a tr. in blank verse, 
" If into the tomb | Thou didst descend, Im- 
mortal One," p. 216. This latter lias been, 
rendered into 7s measure by IT. Chatterton 
Bix, as, " If the dark and awful tomb," and as 
snch is found in SchafFs Christ in Song, 1869, 
p. 241. [J. J.] 

E( ical T& "irapovra. St. Methodius II. 
[Looking ttnto Jesus.] From the Paradetice, 
the Sunday of the Fourth Tone. Dr. Nettle's 
tr., "Are thy toils and woes increasing; ? '* 
was p u b. in his: Hymns of the E. C., 1862, in 
5 et. of 3 1. In 1871-2 it was given with 
alterations in the Hymnary, having previously 



EIN FBSTB BURG 

appeared in Palmer's Supplementary Hymnal, 
1866, It is also found in other collections, 
and sometimes as, "Are our toils and woes 
increasing." QJ. J.] 

Ei wie so seligSchlKfestdu. [Burial.] 
Included as No. 179iathe^n?ntttftijerB[ume>i- 
krantx, 1712, in 7 st of 4 1. It is sometimes 
erroneonsly ascribed to N. L. von Zinzendorf. 

In theffirmaui G. B-, I13B, No. 635, It is altered, and 
St. iii.-v. omitted, while In the Br&der 9. B., lira, No. 
931, Is et. i., ii., vii. of the 1112, considerably altered. 
Tbealtercdst.il,, "SeinLeldeuhat dlchfrel gemacht," 
is In the Warttcmberg O. B., 1842, No. el», Inserted as 
st, ii. of the hymn, " El, wie so sanft veischlufkst da 
[eee Neumann, <JJ, The hymn was sung, probably in 
the form of 1T35, at Zlnsendorfe funeral, and also at 
that of bis second wife, Anna Nitecbmana, he having d. 
on the 9th, and she on the 21st May, 1780 (see Koch, 
v. 33T, Ml, 312). The trt. are, (1) "How sweet the 
dream of her that sleeps," as No. 4T In the MoravianlT. 
Bk., 1U3 (IJM, pt. 11. No. 119). Adopted as No. Id* in 
the Bible H. Bk., 1S4S. (3) "How sweetly this our 
brother sleeps," by J. W. Foster, as No. 84G in the 
Moravian B. Bk., 178» (1888, No. 1258). [J. H.J 

Eia reeolaraus laudibus pits digna. 

SL Noiker, [Chrittmcus ; or, CivcvMeiition.'] 
The earliest form of the text known is in a 
10th cent. «s. at St. Gall <No, 840). It is 
aleo in three St. Gall mss. of the lltb. cent. 
(Nos. 343, 380, 881), in the last two being in- 
cluded amongst the Notkerian Sequences, 
and in an 11th cent. Ms. in the Bodleian 
(Douce, 222 f. 90). In several Missals it is 
assigned to the second Mass on Christmas 
Day ; and again in others to the first, or to 
the octave.of the same festival. InthoSartmi 
and Hereford Missals it is the Sequence for 
the Feast of the Circumcision. In addition 
to Doniei, ii. p. 3, and the reprints of the 
Samm and Hereford Missals, the text is also 
given in Wacberitagel, i.. No. 143 ; Kehrein, No, 
10 ; Bdstilcr, No. 74 ; and KBnigtfeld. i. 94. 

[W. A. S.] 

Translation in C. U. :— 

cams and let ua tell with praise. By JE, H. 
Plumptre, written for and 1st pub. in the Hytn- 
narjr, 1872, So. 160. 

Tranitotlons not in 0. U. : — 

1, Singwe the Joyful day. C. B. Pearson. ThiBa- 
runv Mtsial in English. 1869. 

2. Let us devoutly pay. C. B. Pearson. Sequences 



[J.J.] 



from Santni Mistal. 

Eiglit days amid ttds 'world of woe, 
<T, Aitttice. [CiTcmacition..'} From his Hymns, 
&e., printed for private circulation by his 
widow, iu 1836, No. 10, in 5 et of 5 L into tbe 
Child'* Chrtttian Year, 1841, and numerous 
collections in G.BiitainandAinerica. [J. J.] 

Eighteen oeaturies have fled. J, 

Conder. [Holy Communion.] Appeared in 
the Congregational H. Bk., 1836., No. 442, in 
4 st. of 6 I., and based upon I Cor. xi. 26, &c., 
" Ye do shew the Lord's death till He come.** 
It was repeated iu the Leed* H. Bk., 1853, 
and other collections, and in Condor's Hys. of 
Praite, Prayer and Dewoui Meditation, 1856. 
In the New York Church Praise Bit., 1882, it 
is given as " Many centuries have fled." 

[J. J.] 

Ein* feste Burg iat unaer Qott. Mar- 

U* Lather. [P». alrf.1 The common account 
of the origin of this, the most famous hymn of 



E1N KESTK BUBO 

Lather, is thus forcibly expressed byHeinrich 
Heine : — 

" A battle hymn i* this dedant song, frith which be 
and Us comrades entered Worms [AprillS, 1SS1]. The 
old cathedral trembled at these sew notes, and the ravens 
wen startled In their hidden nests In toe towers. Thle 
hymn, the Marseillaise Hymn of the Reformation, has 
preserved Its potent spell even to oar days, and we may 
yet soon use again in similar conflicts the old mailed 
words." (Wtrbt, ed. 1876, v. Hi, p. 36.] 

It is, however, in the test degree unlikely 
that if the hymn had been composed in 1321, 
It should not have been pub. in 1524, along 
with Luther's earlier hymns. A second theory 
advanced by Dr. K. F. T. Schneider in 1856, 
that it was written Nov. 1, 1527, and partly 
suggested by the death of his friend Leonhara 
Kaiser (burnt nt the stake, Aug. 16, 1527, at 
the instigationof the Bishop of Ulm), rests on 
hypotheses too elaborate to be examined here, 
but is not sustained by any foundation of 
fact (see Blatter fSr Hymnologie, 1883, pp. 
75-79 ; 103-105, Ac). A third theory is that 
it was composed at the time of the Diet of 
Augsburg in 1580. Thus D'Aubigne says : — 

" Luther, full of faith, revived the courage of Us 
friends, by composing and singing with bis fine voice 
that beautiful hymn, since become so famous, JBln,' fait 
Bwrg itt wuer Gott. Never did soul that knewits own 
wexkness, but which, looking to God, despised evsry 
fear, and such noble accents. This hymn was song 
during the Diet, not only at Augshurg, but In all the 
churches of Saxony, and Its eueigetic strains often re- 
vived and Inspirited the most delected hearts." {3tot. 
ef Btftmation, ed. !»«, p. o43). 

The hymn, however, belongs to the previous 
year, 1529, and was probably written for the 
Diet of Speyer (Spires), when on April 20, 
1529, the German Princes made their formal 
Protest agnint the revocation of their liberties 
and thus gained tiho name of Protestants. 
Then, says Lanxmann, in KocK, viii. 120, 
" Luther with tliis hymn entered a protest 
before all the German people against en- 
deavouring to obstruct the Gospel." It was 
first pub. in King's Q. B., Wittenberg, 1529, 
entitled " Der xxxxvi. Psalm. Dens noster 
refugium et virtus." The Psalm is used only 
as a motto, the imagery throughout being 
entirely original. We may, however, compare 
some of the phrases of his prose version, 
1524:- 

" Eine Hfllfe In den grotaen Notnen, die uus trotTen 
hnben"(i.). " Dentm rarchtea wlr una nicht" (11.). 
" Oott lit be! lhr darinnen, durum wirdeie wohl bleiben j 
flott hilft mlr [1MB lhr]frdhe"(v.). "Der Herr Zt- 
baoth 1st mlt una, der Gott Jacob 1st uneer Schati(viI0. 

Wadternagd, iii. pp. 19-21, gives fonr 
forms, No. 32; from the Form unrt Ordnung 
OaystUeJter Qetang tmrf Psuimeit, Augsburg, 
1529 ; No. 33, from the Geistliche Liefer, Wit- 
tenberg, 1531.; No. 34, a double form from 
the Biga Kirchtnordnxmg, 1530, nnd the Ros- 
tock G. B., 1531 : Nos. 32 and 34 (both) being 
in Low German, No. 33 in High German. 
The earliest High German text now acces- 
sible, that of 1531, is as follows : — 



eln 



und waffen. 



Eln feste burg 1st uneer Gott, 
l gnti 

Er hltETt unns frey &us allsr not 
die ens ytzt hat betroffen, 
Der alt buss feind 
mlt ernst ere ytzt meint, 
sroa macht nnd viel list 
aelu grausam rustung is^ 

suf erd 1st nlcht selns glHchen. 



EIN FESTE BUBG 

ii. 
Mlt unaer nucht 1st nlcht* gethan, 

ii/if stud gar bald verlonn t 
Ea utreit fnr una der recbte man, 
den Gott hit ealba erkorea, 
Fragatu, wer der 1st} 
er heist Jaesu Christ, 
der Heir Zebaath, 
und 1st kein ander Gottj 
das felt raw er betalten. 
iii, 

Und wenn die lvelt vol TeuEfcll webr 

atnod woltvnA gar vonchllngen 1 , 
So fttrcbteu wir units nicht eu iienr, 
cs bd! nns doch geliBgen. 
Der Flint dieser welt, 
wiesawreraich stellt, 
thut er umu doch nicht, 
das macht, er Irt gericht, 
tin wfrtilD kan yhu fyieu. 

ir. 
Das wort ele aollen lasoen stabn 

und keln danck daxu babea, 
Erist bey iuhm trot aulfdem plan 
mlt flefnem grist nnd gaben. 
Nemen ale den lelb, 
Knt, eh*r, klndt nund welb 
laa faren dabln* 
ale habeas kein gewin, 
das relch mna nns doch btelben* 



323 



The same text, modernised in orthography, 
is given in Sohireks*s ed. of Lather's OeUitkhe 
Lieder, 1854, p. 35, and as No. 218 in the 
Vwo. L. 8., 1851. In st. L we see our strong- 
hold and its besiegers ; in st. ii. oar weak- 
ness, out Saviour's power and might ; in st. iii. 
the vanity of the Prince of this World ; in st, 
iv. whatever earthly goods we lose we have 
our true treasure in heaven. 

The hymn speedily spread over all Germany, and 
Iduxttunn, In £rt&, vlU. 133-131, relates many Incidents 
regarding hymn and chorale — the true National Ibmnti of 
Germany, Luther, In logo, sang It dally at (frburg. 
Helanchthon, Jonas, and Crudger, In their banishment 
from Wittenberg In 1&47, were greatly comforted by 
hearing It sung by a little maiden on their entrance into 
Weimar. Gustavua Adolphua caused ft to be sung by 
hie whole army before the battle of Leipzig, Sept. 17, 
1631, and It w*a on Sept. IS, 1SSJ, sung " as by one 
man" by too assembled thousands on the field of Latzeu, 
at the service held in commemoration of the jubilee 
of the Guitavus Adolphua Society, which seeks to aid 
Protestant Churches In Roman Catholic countries. It 
was adopted by the Salzburg Ehnigrauta of 1T33, as 
their travelling hymn. Sung at Hermannsburg at the 
farewelt service when Ludwlg Harms was sending 
forth hla first band of missionaries. During ti» Luther 
Celebrations, Sept. 12-14, and Nov. io-js, 1883. it wae 
sung In the Castle Church at Wittenberg, Bept. 13; at 
Bisleben at the unveiling of toe Luther memorial tn 
the Market Place, Nov. 10 ; and at countless celebrations 
In Germany, G. Britain, and America, tn the original, 
or in various English versions. 



Slues tbe above remarks were put In type an elaborate 

oncgnph by Dr. J. LLnke, of Altenburg, has appeared 

under the title Wann wwritedai LuthertUd Bfti Jette 



Burg itt water Gottver/atttt Leipzig, 18S6. Dr. LEnke 
discusses with abundant research and polemic the various 
theories already noted, and the more recent combinations 
and hypotheses. His opiulon la that the hymn was 
written an or about Oct. 31, 1535; and he quotes many 
Interesting parallels from Luther's contemporaneous 
writings, and especially from bis lectures on Zecbarlah, 
written about the end of October, 1635. But that such 
a hymn could remain in vs. from that date till the pub- 
lication at Klug'B a. B. In 1639, seems very improbable ; 
and no trustworthy evidence is torthcomug that It ap- 
peared In print before 152b. 

In Klines O, B., 1529, likewise appeared 
the magnificent chorale by Luther, evidently 
the product oF the same mind and of tbe same 
inspiration. It has been strikingly, if some- 
what inappropriately, used by Meyerbeer in 
The Jhtgyanats ; more recently by Mendelssohn 
in the fifth movement of his Befannaliiiu 
Sjfmvhony, 1830 ; and by Wagner as a motive 
in his Kaittrtmanek, written to commemorate 



824 



EIN FESTE BUBG 



tho return of the Emperor William in 1871, 
after tho Franco-German war. It has now 
become well-known in England, and in its 
proper form is inoluded in the C. B. for 
England, 1863 (see below). 

An attempt has recently been nude to show that this 
la a patchwork of snatches from various portions of the 
Roman Gradual, which Lntb.Gr, while a monk, must 
often have sung. But even If this were clearly shown, 
to Luther would still be doe the honour of smelting these 
scattered fragments and producing from them a glorious 
melody, now all of one piece. (See the Blatter fiir 
HgBHUilogtt, 1834, pp. 8S, 101, Ac.) 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. God ia our Kafuge in Mstreta, Our strong 
Defence. A full but free version in J. C. Jacobi's 
Psal. Gar., 1732, p. 83 (1732, p. 138 altered), 
and repeated, greatly altered (by F. Okeley ?), as 
No. 31U in pt. i. of the Moravian H. Bk., 1754. 
St. i.-iii., greatly altered, from the 1754, were 
included a* No. 595 in the Moravian H. Bk., 
188(3 ; nnd much the same text in J. A. Lntrobe's 
Coll., 1852, No. 256, with Carlyle's ire. of st. i. 
11. 5-8, ii. 11. 5-8, substituted. 

8. A safe stronghold our God Is atUL By T. 
Carlyle, ia a characteristic essay on "Luther's 
Faalm," in Eraser's Magazine for 1831, reprinted 
in his Miscellaneous Essays (ed. 1872, voL iii, 
p. 61). This is the most faithful (st. it. ei- 
cepted) and forcible of all the English versions. 
Included in full and unaltered ia the Wes. H. 
Bk., 1875; the Scottish Pre*. Hyl., 1876 ; 
Church Praise, 1883, ire. In some collections, 
aa the H. $ Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874, it is 
slightly altered. A form greatly altered by 
V. M. Reynolds appeared as No. 964 in the Ame- 
rican Luth. General Synod's Coll., 1850. The 
version in the Canadian Presb. H. Bk., 1880, No. 
227, U altered mainly from Gaskell, Massie, and 
Hedge (see below). 

I. God ia the city of out strength, in Miss Fry's 
H. of the Reformation, 1845, p. 61, in full, with 
the doiology tr. by Mr. Thring, 1882 (see below). 
Hot trs. of st. i.-iv., rewritten to 5 st. of 6 ]., 
were included as Mo. 51 in J. Whittemore's Suppl. 
to All H. Bks., 1860, and repeated as No. 498 in 
Maurice's Choral H. Bk., 1861. 

4. A tower of strength ii our God'a name, omit' 
ting st. iv., by A. T. Russell, aa No. 93 in the 
Dulston Hospital H. Bk., 1848. Thence, altered, 
aa No. 136 in his own Ps. #■ Hys., 1851, begin- 
ning, "A strong tower is our God's great name," 
and further altered aa No. 501 ia Maurice's 
Choral H. Bk., 1861, beginning, "A tower of 
strength is God's great name." 

5, A tower of strength our God doth stand 1 , in 
full, by H. J. Buokoll, as No. 45 in the Rugby 
School H. Bk., 1850 (ed. 1876, No. 285). Re- 
peated, more or less altered and abridged, in the 
Sugby Church H. Bk., 1863; Kennedy, 1863, 
No. 25 (altered mainly from Carlyle) ; Wellington 
College H. Bk., 1864, and Marlborough College 
X. Bk., 1869. 

8, A strong tower la the Lord our God, To 
shelter. In full, as No. 334, in W. Hunter's Select 
Melodies, 1852, marked aa by W. M. Bunting, 
Repeated in Cantate Domino, Boston, U. 9., 1859, 
No, 307. 

7. A mighty fbrtraia ia our God, A bulwark. A 
full and good tr. by Dr. F. H. Hedge, contributed 
to Dr. W. H. Furness's Gems of German Verse, 
1852, and then as No. 852 to his own Hys. for 
the Ch«rch of Christ, Boston, U.S., 1853. Re- 
printed in full and unaltered in Putnam's Singers 



EIN FESTE BUBG 

and Songs of the Liberal Faith, Boston, U.S., 
1875, p. 214, with the note that " It has been 
sung on many occasions, as at the recent laying 
of the commemoration stone of Memorial Hall, 
at Cambridge [U.S.]." Included in full in the 
Schaff-Gilman Lib. of Eel. Poetry, ed. 1883, p. 
384, and aa No, 1343 in the ed. 1872 of Rob- 
inson's Songs for the Sanctuary. In full or 
abridged it appears in many American hymnals, 
as Hys. of the Spirit, 1864, Unitarian H. Bk., 
1869, Dutch Reformed Hys. of the Church, 1869, 
and others ; and in England in Dr. Martineau's 
Coll., 1873. 

I, A sun stronghold out God ii He, Full and 
good, by W. Gaskell, contributed in 1855 to the 
2nd ed. of the 1st Ser. of Miss Winkworth'a 
Lyra Ger., p. 175, her tr. in the 1st ed. (see be- 
low) not being considered satisfactory. Slightly 
altered in metre as No. 124 in the C. B. for 
England, 1863, but restored as in the Lyra Qer. 
in the Christian Singers of Germany, 1869, p. 110. 
In full as No. 213 in Dr. Pagenstecher'a Coll., 
1864, and as No. 284 in the Suppl. of 1884 to 
the Scottish Hyt. St. i., ii., were included, 
slightly altered, as No. 161 in the Irish Ch, Hyl., 
1869 (ed, 1873, No. 441). 

S. A fortress arm la God our Lord, In full, by 
Dr. W, L. Alexander, in the Scottish Cong. Maga- 
zine, Jan. 1859. Repeated, reduced to 5 st. of 
4 ]., in W. Elliott's Evangelical Hys., Plymouth, 
1864. 

10, A mountain fastness Is our God, In full, by 
Bp. W. R. Whitlingham, as No. 248 in the Atner. 
Episco. Hys. for Ch. $ Home, 1 860 ; and thence, 
with an added doiology not from the German, 
as No. 397 in the Amer. Episoo. Hyl., 1871. 

II. A tower of strength is God our Lord. A tr. 
of st. i., ii., by Dean Alford, as No. 228 in his 
Fear of Praise, 1867, and thence in Flett's Colt., 
Paisley, 1871, and Dr. Dale's Eng.H. Bk., 1879. 

11. Out God standi Ann, a rook and tow'r. By 
R. C. Singleton, a tr. of St. i. f ii., with an ori- 
ginal st. as iii., aa No. 267 in his Anglican H. Bk., 
1868 (ed. 1871, No. 310). Repeated in the Hym~ 
nary, 1871, and J. L. Porter's Coll., 1876; and 
in America in the Presb. Hyl., 1874 ; Eoang, 
Hyl., N. T., 1880 } and Ch. Praise Bk., 1882. 

IS, A mighty fartreea ia our Gad, A trusty. A 
full and good tr., as No. 274 in the Pennsylvania 
Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868 ; compiled bythe committee 
of publication principally from the Carlyle, 1831, 
and Reynolds (1863 see below) texts. 

14. A fortress strong is Gad our God. A good 
and full tr. by E. Thring, as No. 253, in the 
Uppingham and Sherborne School H. Bk., 1874. 

15. A tower of strength our God is still, A 
mighty, fee. In full, aa No. 144, in the Ohio Luth. 
Hyl-, 1880, and marked aa a compilation. 

IS, A Fertreae sure la God our Zing. By Godfrey 
Thring, as No. 245 in his Ch. of England H. Bk., 
1882, repeated in Herder's Cong. Hyl., 1884, and 
Allon's C. P. Hyl, 1886. This is decidedly the 
best version for popular use, aa Carlyle's is the 
most faithful and forcible. Mr. Thring omits st, 
iii., and gives a doiology added about 1546 in 
Etliche Lieder, Nurnberg, as altered in the ap- 
pendix to Lohwasser's Psalmen des Xb*niglichen 
Propheten Davids, 1574. The text used by Mr. 
Thring reads thus : — 

Lob, Ehr and Prda dem hochsten Oott 
Dem Vater after Gnaden, 
Iter uas aue Lteb gescaenket hat 
Seln Sobn fur unaeru Schaden ; 



die? 



BIN PBSTE BUBO 

Sammt dem heOgen Gelst^ 
Von SQuden er reisst 
Zum Helens tins heiest 
Den Weg xnm Leben welst^ 
Der helf tint frohlich I Amen. 

from aned. of Lobwasser pub. at St. Gall In 1761. 

IT* A italic hold tun onr Ood remains. In full) 
by Oi. J. Troutbeck, as No. 49 in the Westmin- 
ster JJAey H. Bk., 1883. 

Hi A Towex of safety Ji onr dad, A goodly, £o, 
A tr. in full bv M. W. Strjker in his H. $ 
Verses, 1883, p. 72 ; repeated in his Christian 
Chorals, 1885, No. 45. 

Translations not in 0. TJ. : — 

il) "Oure God Is n defence and tcwre^by Bp. Cover- 
is, 1S39 (Jtemafru, 184*, p. 669), 11. 1-4 being 
literally from Luther and the rest a version of Fa. xlvL 
(3) "wid 1* our refuge and strong fence/* In Lyra 
pavidica, 1768, p. 76, 3) " By our own atrength 
there's nothing done," ntr. of st. 11., as No. 14 In the 
Jferov&M ff. B., 1741, adopted aa et. 11. of No. 319, tn 
1764. (4) " A tow'r of ssfety is onr God. His sword," 
by Dr. H. Milt, 1843 (ias», p. les). (6)" God tons a 
tower will he," by /. AndtntM, 1MB, p. 31 DMT, p. bs). 
(«) "Our God's a mighty panoply, 1 ' in C. T. Brooks's 
sAilltr'i Homage ef the Arts, kc., Boston, UJS„ 1847, 
p.114. (7)"Amigbty castle la onr God," by Br. f. 
Stmt, 1863, p. 83. (8) " Oar God's • tower and shield," 
a and version by Dr. Bant, p. 66. (9) " A castle is onr 
God, a tower," by B.MOtsie, lB94,p, IB, repeated aa No. 
>as tn Reld's iYaise Bk., 1873. (10) " God is onr 
stronghold, Arm and sure," by Jfiir Winhworth, lBai, 
p. 173. (11) "Our God, a tower of strength Is He, A 
good defence," In Dr. H. W. Dulcken's Book of German 
Songs, 1854, p. 280. (12) « God is our Rock and Tower 
of strength," by JrVii ZJunn, 1867, p. 6S. (13) " A anre 
stronghold onr God la atlll," based on Carly le > by J. S. 
StaUybrass, in tha Ibnic Sol/a Reporter, July, 1867. 
(14) " The Lord, onr God Is s strong tower," by W, 
Bugden, In tbe Wee. Meth. Magaxtnt, 1858, p. M. (IS) 
« A etrongbold firm, a trusty shield When ragtag," by 
Dr. B. P. Dunn, in Sacred Lyrics from the German, 
Phil., U.S., 1869, p. 1ST. (IS) " A snre defence, a fort, 
a tow'r," by Dr. G, Walker, i860, p. 40. (1)1 " God, 
our own God, Is a strong tower," In tbe British Mes- 
senger, August, 1889. (IB) "A safe stronghold our God 
la still, A euro defence," a double version in sligbtly 
varied metre by W, M. Reynolds, in tbe Bnatng. Review, 
Gettysburg, July, 1803. (19) "A Fortress firm snd 
steadfast Sock," by Miss Ota, IBM, p. 22T. (30) " Our 
God Hs is a castle strong," by Dr. G. Macdonala, In 



the Sunday Magatine, 1S67, n. 460, snd altered In his 
Exotics, 1876, p. 68. (21) " Our God, He Is a fortress 
tower," by N.L.Frothingnsm,lntbe MmtHg RAigiout 
Magaxira, Boston, V.S., vol. 31, 1867, repeated altered 
In his vol. of 181(1, p. 309. (92) " God is onr Refuge 
and our Rock," by Dr. J. Ker, In a programme for 
a Psalmody meeting at Edinburgh, 1368. (S3) " A 
mighty fortress Is our God, A panoply," In Dr. J. 
Guthrie's H. A Sacred Lyrics, 1889, p. 71. (24) " Our 
God a tower of Strength is He, A goodly wall," by H, 
W. Longfellow, In the Second Interlude, sdded in 1872, 
to bis Golden legend, 1851 (i>. Works, Routledge, 1819, 
pp. 479-481). (SB) " A tower of strength our God Is 
still," in the Church of England Magasvnt, 1872, p. 182. 
(ssV " God is our fortress firm and sore," as No, 697 
In Tteld'a Praitt Bk., 1872. (SI) "High Tower and 
Stronghold Is our God," based on Bp. Wblttlngham, 
1880, in J.H.Hopkins's Carols, H. & Svngs, 1882, p. 16S, 
dated I8OT. (28) "Godls our Eefi^e— city strong," a 
2nd (r. by M, W. Stryker, in his M. it Versa, 1B83, p. 
74. (29) " Strong tower and refuge Is our God, Bight 
goodly, by Dr. L. W, Bacon, 1BB4, p. B3, based on tbe 
hath. Ch. Dk,, 1B88 (see under Wo. »!«.). (38) ■■ Onr 
God's a fsetness sure indeed, A trusty," by B. McLLn- 
tock in the jlcaoVnty, July SB, 1884. (31) "SostroBg 
a fortress is our God," by E. Walter in his JforJfn 
Luther, 1B84, p. 2S. It may be also noted that tbe 
liymns, " God is our Refuge in distress, Our Shield," 
No, 66 In the JT. Omji., 1869 i and "God is our refuge 
■nd defence, our Shield," No. 104 in J. Whlttemortfs 
Sappl. to All H. Bkt., 1860, are versions of Ps. xlvl., 
but are not taken from Lutber. 

The following liat of additional American 
traaelations has been kindly furnUhed by tbe 
Kev. B. M. Sobmocker, d,»., Pottatown, Fenn- 
sylTaaia : — 

(M) "A Rock and Befuge Is onr God," by Dr. J. A. 
pe\ia,ln The Lvthemn, July «, 1880. (33) "Am^hty 



EIN LAMMLB1N GEHT 325 

Fortress la onr God, A Shield." by Dr. J. A. Selsa In bis 
Ectletia Lutherana, I860, p. 97. (34) "A Tower and 
Stronghold Is our Ood," by W. H. Walter In his Choral* 
aniHyttvat, 18*s, p. IS. (36) "God Is our tower of 



strength and gHKSj'TiyDr. H.HarbaugblntheGwmKoti 
(American Reformed), Hay, 1863, p. 139. (36) "A 
fast-set Bulwark is our God." by Dr. C. P. Kranth In his 



JubOce Service, 1867, p. 23. (3T) " A mighty strong- 
bold Is our God," by Dr. J. Sehwwts, 18)9, in a printed 



programme for Union of Lutheran Synods, Revised in 

in&rar* Soakqf Worship, 1888, sndln Atu 

1886, Ho. S03, (38) "OurGMlsastrongb 

by Dr. 8. B. Flsber In tbe (German Reformed) Met- 



" A mighty 
[J.Mj 



senper. Sept, 16, 1880. (39J " A nugbty fbrttts* ie our 
God, To shelter," by J. H. Kurzenknahe in Peerlitl 
Praise. Hymns and Mntie for the Sunday School, 
1882,0.68. (40) " A moveless Fastness is our God," by 
Dr. it. SbeelsUjh in his Luther. A Simp Tribute, 1883, 
p.102, (41) "Annn defence our God ts still," by Dr. 
S. W. Duffleld in his English Hymns and their Auttuirs, 
New York, »B8«, p. 2, narked as tr. In 1B73, 

Dr. B. Peck gives in his Dr. Martin Luther't Sin' 
feste Bars ist tinier Gott, in 21 Seratkcn, Chicago, 
1883, 28 English versions in full. Of these 11 an among 
those notedln C. D., vti„ Noa. l and S (i«si snd i8B0i 
4 (1651), 6-19, 13. Of those not in C. U. he has Nos. 4, 
9, 10, l], is, is, 19, 21. 24, 36-38. Besides these, he 
gives :— (43) " A fast, firm fortress is our God," marked 
asAftpn., 1B67. (43) **Our God'a a fortress all secure, 
marked ss Anon., 18T9. (44) "Tower ofdefence isour 
God," marked ss by J. W. Bright. (46) ' 
bulwark is our God/' no marking. 

Etn Kindelein so lSbolioh. [ChritU 
nuu.] This is a canto which appeared in tbe 
Zwickau Enchiridion, 1528, and is there en- 
titled " Ein Gesang von der Qepurt Cbriat, 
den man anff Weinaehten singet, gebessert" 
Tbence in Waclternagel, iii. p. 520, in 4 et of 
101. 

St. 1. ts found as st, ii. of tbs nyrun " Der Jsg der 1st 
so freudenrelch," hut was probably originally a atagte 
st, afterwards interpolated into that hymn ; and It hears 
a slight resemblance to st. ill. of "Dies eat loetitiae. 
In ortu regal! " (q.v.). St. 11, is st. i. of "DerTsgder 
let so freuaenreicb," entirely rewritten, St. ILL., iv, are 
new. The only tr. is, " To us is borne a barae of Mis," 
In Oie Gude and Godly BaUates (ed. 1S6B, fol. 21), ed. 

I86B, p. 4B. [J, J(.] 

Em LSminlein geht und. trggt die 
Bohuld. P. Garhordt. [Pa$$iontide."l Ap- 
peared in the 3rd ed., 1046, of J. Cruger'g 
Praxis pietatis meltea. No. 118, in 10 st, of 10 
1., included in Wackernagers ed. of hie 
Qeietliahe Lieder, Na 13, and Bachmann's ed., 
No. 7. Founded on St. John i. 29, and Ie. 
liii. 4-7, it is styled by Lauimann, in Koch, 
viii. 10, "tbe masterpiece of all Passion 
hymna." It has kept its place in Germany 
( Unv. L. &, 1851, No. 95), but from its com- 
plexity and variety of figures has not come 
into extended English use : — 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. A lamb goea forth : the aina He bears, A fr, 
of st. i., ii., by A. T. Russell, as Xo, 93 in his 
Ps. # Hys., 1861. 

S, A Xamb gves uncomplai n i n g- forth. A good 
tr., condensing st. ii., iii., as ii., in Mrs. Charles's 
Voitx of Christian Life in Song, 1858, p. 232. 
The second pt. of this tr. beginning, " Gate of 
my heart, fly open wide " (st. yiL), is in Bp. 
Byle's Coll., 1660 ; Eeid's Praise Bk., 1872 ; 
and the Christian Hys., Adelaide, 1872. 

S. A Lamb bean all ita guilt avay, In full in 
J, Kelly's P. Qerhardt's Spir. Songs, 1867, p. 49. 
Reduced to 4 St. in the Ohio Luth. Hyl., 1880. 

Tmnslatlona not in 0. TJ. :-~ 

(lV'A Lamb goes fortb and bears the Guilt, of all the 
World together," by J. Gambold, aa No. 241 In pt. ii!., 
1748, of tbe Moravian H. Bk. (lsas. Ho. 100), altered in 
lsoi to "ALsmb went forth"; sts. v„ Ix., x,, of this ver- 
sion, beginning, "Jesus, 1 never can forget," are Included 



326 BIN NETJES LIED WIR 

In E. P. Hood's Our B. flft., tees, fa) " A Lamb goes 
forth, end bun the Quilt of Adam's Generations," In 
the AtppJ, to Qtr. Peal., ed. n«6, p. 13, sod Ss!«t( 
,H^j. /™ Oer. i*»oS., Tranquebar, 1JS4, p. 24. (3) 
" Bee, bowed beneath a fearful weight," by Mist Pmtn, 
18BJ, p. 33. (4) "A Holy, Fare and Spotless Lamb," 
by Misa Cox la lyra Mcaiantea, 1864, p. 330, and ber 
E. from Oie German, 1864, p. 10T. (6) "Forth goes a 
dear devoted Lamb," la Dr. J. Guthrie s Sacred Lyrics, 
1863, p. BS. (9) "Behold a Lamb! so tired and faint," 
by Mrs. & J . Cair, in Songs of the Inner Life, l B) l, and 
repeated as Ko. 806 In Keld's Proi*s 2k., leva (18T2 
bag fr>. of 1., It., from ISJi, and other t™. of U., HI., 
v.). O) " A Lamb goes forth— for all the dues," by 
Catherine Mecrea, as No, 990 In Keld's Praia Bk„ IBM. 

[J. M.] 

Ein neues lied wir heben an. M. 
Lather. [Martyrs.'] This was Luther's first 
hymn, if hymn it can be called, and was 
mitten in 1523. On June 30, 1523, two 
young Auguatinian monks, Heinrioh Voes and 
Johann Each, from Antwerp, had been, after 
examination by the Cologne Inquisitor, Jacob 
Ton Hogatraten, and at the instigation of the 
Louvain professors, condemned to death and 
burnt at the state in Brussels. On receipt 
of the news of this first martyrdom for the 
Evangelical cause Luther's spirit was fired, 
and he wrote this spirited narrative,"' ending 
with the prophetic words : — 

Summer 1b even at our door, 

TTie winter now bath vanished, 

The tender flowerets spring once more, 

And He, Who winter banished, 

Will send a happy Summer. 

(IV. by X. JfoMie, 1854, p. 44.) 

It was the springtide, not only of the Evan- 
gelical Church, but of that wonderful growth 
of German religions poetry which yet lives 
and flourishes. The hymn first appeared in 
Em Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524, st is., x. being 
added in the Geystliche gesangk Buchleyn, 
Wittenberg, 1524. Thence in Wackernagti, 
iii. p. 3, in 12 st. of 9 1., and in Schireks'a ed. 
of Luther's Geittl. Lieder, 1854, p. 83. The 
origioal title of the hymn was, "A new song 
of the two Martyrs for Christ, burnt at Brus- 
sels by the Sophists of Louvain." It produced 
a deep impression at the Reformation times 
and appeared in many of the early Lutheran 
hymn-books, but being rather a historical 
ballad than a hymn, has not appeared in recent 
collections. The only tr. in C. U. is : — 

Hunt; to the heedless winds. A paraphrase in 
2 st. of 8 1. of st. ix. :— 

Die Ascbe will nfcbt lessen ah, 

Ble staubt In alien Landen ; 

Hler bHft kein Bach, Loch, Grub noch Grab ; 

Sio macht den Feind xu schanden. 
Die or tm Leben dnrch den Mord 

7m echweigen hat gedrungen, 

Die muss er todt an allem <hft 

Mk aller Stlmm und Zungen 

Gar friihllch lessen sisgen. 

Thia appeared in a tr. of D'Aubigni's Hist, of 
the Beformation, pub. at Philadelphia, 1843, and 
is there said to have been tr. for that wort by 
John Alexander Messenger. Included in the 
American Bant. Psalmist, 1343, and since in many 
American hymnals, as the Cheshire Association, 
1844 ; Bk. of Hys., 1846-48 ; Meth. Epis., 1849, 

SiC, 

Other trs, «r* : — 

(1) "Aneweong I design to ring," by J. Anderson, 
18*8, p. 39 (184!, p. 61). (2) " A new eong to the Lotd 
we'll raise, by Or, j, Kant, 1863, p. 6s. (a) " By help 
of God I fain would tell," by R. Ifeuie, 1964, p. 40, and 
fni>r. Boom, 1884, p, IS. (4) "A new song now we 
raise and eing," by W. M. Reynolds, In the Eoang. fy- 



ELLEBTON, JOHN 

efste, Qettosburg, Oct. 1955. (6) "A brave newsong 
aloud weeing," in the CftristtonjEwniiflw, Boston, U.&, 
Sept. lasti^p. 243. (6) " A new eong here shall be be- 
gun," by Dr. G. Macdoneld, In the Sunday Mtgaiine, 
1867, p. 266, and, altered, tn hts.SSKiKct, 1816, p. 11. 
(I) "O come, a new song let ns raise," la the Jfentfy 
Treasury, L*n. 1818, p. 693, [J. JJ.] 

Eines Kaufmann sieht man ohne 
Gtleichen. [The Parable of the Pearl of 
great price.'] Included in J. Kobner's Ckrist- 
liche EarfentSne, Hamburg, 1840, p. 221, in 
13 st. of 4 1., marked aa " From the Kirchen- 
freund,' and entitled, "The Pearl of the 
Kingdom of Heaven." Tr, as, " Once a mer- 
chant travellod far and wide," by Miss Borth- 
wick, in H. L, L„ 1855, p. 31 ; (1884, p. 97). 

[J. M.] 

Einet fahren wir vom Vaterlande. 
A. Knapp. \MUsions.] 1st pub. in his Christ* 
liche Gedichte, Basel, 1829, vol. ii. p. 97, in 6 
st. of 8 1., entitled " Voyage with Jesus." In- 
cluded in his En. L. 8, 1837, No. 1161 
(1865, No. 1134). Originally written for the 
departure of missionaries, it is also appropri- 
ate far emigrants generally. The only tr. in 
0. TJ. is:— 

Now we must leave oar Patherland, A good and 
full tr. by Miss Wiukworth in the 2nd Ser., 1858, 
of her Lyra Oer., p. 113. From this st. J., ii., 
11. 5-8, iv. 11. 1-4, v. 11. 1-4, vi. 11. 1^, were 
included, slightly altered, in Church ITymn$, 
1871, and repeated, omitting st. v., 11. 1-4, in 
the Appendix of 1884 to the Scottish Byl. 

Another It. ii : — 

"Our leave of country now Is taken," by Dr. S, 
Milli, 1S«, p. 20S, rj_ j[j 

E/p/lid?. [Greek Hymnody, % xvi. 10.] 

EJa caxisaLmi. [St. Andrea.] This 
anonymous hymn is found in a us. of the 12th 
cent., belonging to the Abbey of Bt. Peter at 
Salzburg. Mone, No. G91, gives it in full in 
36 lines, and says that the verse form is of the 
6th or 7th cent. Tr. as ;— 

hasten, beloved, year praises te sine. By E. F, 
Ltttledale, appeared first in the Church Times, 
Nov. 26, 1864, and again in the People's ,01,1867, 
No. 234, for the Feast of St, Andrew, and signed 
"D. L." [J. J.] 

"E« vukto? epyav, fEe-wo-* Aalc] 

J E« VVKTO<{ Qp8pt%DVT€<i. ['Aaaiur 
r&ptts Xctot,] 

EL Tfathan, a noai <fe plume of D. W. 
Whittle. 

Eliaktm, a nom daplume of Job Hnpton, 
in the Gotpel Magazine. 

Elij all's example declares. J. Newton. 
rProm'dencB.] This hymn on Elijah being 
fed by ravens appeared in B. Coiiyere's Coll., 
3rd ed„ 1774, No. 267: in the anther's 
Twenly-tix Letters, dtc, by Omicron, 1774 ; the 
Gospel Magazine, April, 1774 ; and in the 
Olney Hymns, 1779, Bk. i., No. 35, in 5 st. of 
8 1. In the Meth. Tree Ch. 8. 8. S. Bk., 1869, 
st. i., ii., and v. are given as No. 244. [J. J.J 

Ellerton, John, b.a., s. of George Eller- 
ton, was b. in London, Dec 16, 1826, and 
educated at Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A. 
1849 ; m.a. 1854). Taking Holy Orders he was 
successively Curate of Easebonrne, Sussex, 



KLLESTON, JOHN 

1850; Brighton, and Lecturer of St. Peter's, 
Brighton, 1852; Vicar of Crewe Green, and 
Chaplain to Lord Crewe, I860 ; Rector of Hin- 
stocfc, 1872 ; of Barnes, 1876 ; and of White 
Koding, 1886. Mr. Ellerton's prose writings 
include The Holiett Manhood, 1882 ; Our In- 
firmities, 1883, &c. It is, however, as a hym- 
nologfst, editor, hymn-writer, and translator, 
that he is moat widely known. As editor he 
published ; Hymn* for School* and Bible 
CTewset, Brighton, 1859. He was also co- 
editor with Bishop How and others of the 
B. P. C. K. Ckurch Hymns, 1871. His Note* 
and Illustration* of Church Hymns, their 
authors and translators, were published in the 
folio edition of 1881, The notes ou the 
hymns which are special to the collection, and 
many of which were contributed thereto, are 
full, accurate, and of special value. Those on 
the older hymns are too general for accuracy. 
They are written in a popular form, which 
necessarily precludes extended research, ful- 
ness, and exactness of detail. The result is 
acceptable to the general public, but disap- 
pointing to the hymnological expert Mr. 
Ellerton's original hymns number about 50, 
and his trt. from the Latin 10, or more. Nearly 
every one of those are in C U. and include : — 

1, Beita* to* day draws near iti coding. After* 
nam. Written April ti, 1330, for a Festival of Choirs 
at CTantwich, and 1st pub. in tbe ffanivjich Festival 
Boot, 1880. In 1883 It pawed into the Wetimmltcr 
Atbei B. Bk. 

a, Behold us, lord, ■ little apace, General for Week- 
day. Written tn 1810 for a mid-day service in a City 
Church, and pub. in Church Byt. In 1871. It has passed 
into severs! collections. 

3. Conn forth, Ohriitian brother!, ProcettiontH 
for Choral Festival. Written for a Festival of Parochial 
Choirs held at Chester, May, 1870, and lat printed in 
tbe Servke-book of the umi. In 1871 it passed into 
Church Byt. 

4. Father, Name of len and fear, Confirmation. 
Written in 1871 for a ConBnnaUon in tbe North of 
England, and pub. In Church Byt., 1871, and other col- 
lections. 

I, Ood, Onater and Preserver, fa Time of Scarcity. 
Written for and let pub. in Ihc- Bymnary, 1870 ; and 
again in (he revised ed., 1872, and other hymn-books. 

6. Hail to the Lord Who comes. Presentation of 
Chritt fit the lempk. Written Oct. 8, 1S80. for Mrs. 
Brock's Children'* B. Bk^ and pub. therein, 1881. 

7, la the JTaaae wMoh earth aaid heaven. Founda- 
tion o/ a Church. Written for and lat pub. in Church 
By*,, 1851, and repeated in aeverat collections. The 
hymn suni at the re-openlng of tbe Nave of Chester 
CatbedralTJannary S5, 187S, ires compiled by air. EUer- 
toa from tils hymn, and Ms " Lift the strain of high 
thanksgiving." 

S KuwMeaaiah,lena;eneeted. The ctroumcition. 
Written Jan. 14, 1S71, and lat pub. in Church Mys^ 
1ST1. It has passed into other collections. 

9, King of Baincs, to Whom the number. St. Bar- 
tholomew. Written for and lat pub. in Church Hyt., 
1871. It is very popular, and baa been repeated in 
many hymnals, 

10. Jtary at the Master's feet. Catechirtng. Written 
for and 1st nub. tn Church Byi^ 1811. 

II. Father, ajl-oraatina;. Boly Matrimony . Written 
Jan. 2D, 1876, at the request of the Doke of West- 
minster, for the marriage of bis daughter to the liar- 
queaa of Ormonde. It was pub. in Taring's Oil, lead 
and ISSa, 

19 1 how fair the morning Uroke, Scptvagetfina. 
Written March 13, isao, for Mrs. Brock's Children'* 
B. Bit., and Included therein, lasi, 

18. Lord of life and death, we oems. In Time of 
Pestilence. Written for and 1st pub. in Church Hyt. 
1811. 

14. iii"ipwg oity of our Ood. Concerning the 
Hereafter. 1st pnb. tn the Rev. B. Brown-Borthwick'^ 
Sixteen flyimu with Tuna, &c„ 1870; and again in 
Church But., 1671. 

1$. Son of Ood, our Captain of Salvation. St. 
Barnabas. Written April G, 1871, and 1st pub. in 



ELLERTON, JOHN 



827 



Cfcurc* By*., 18Tlj and again in It. A. as K., 18TB, 
Thrmgfs CoU„ 1883. and otbets. 

I*. Thou in Whom Thy saints repose. Cantetra- 
tian of a Burial Ground. Written for the Consecration 
of an audition to the Parish Churchyard of Tarporley, 
Cheshire, 1870, and pub. in Church Byt., IsU, 

IT, Than Whose bounty nils the earth. Flower 
Services. Written for a Flower Service at St. Luke's 
Church, Chelsea, June s, 1880, and nub. In Mrs. Brock's 
Children's H. Bk., 1881. 

IS. Frsiss to our God, Whose bounteous hand. 
National Thanksgiving. Written In 1870 for Church 
Byt,, but 1st pub. in tbe Rev. R. Brown-Borthwitk's 
Sdect Bym.ni, So., 1B71, and then in Ofturcn Bys. later 
tbe same year. 

19, Tbe day Thou (avert. Lord, is ended. The dark- 
ness, &c. Evening. Written In 1810 for A Liturgy 
for AKtiionaTy Meeting* fFrome, Hodges), and revised 
for Church Byt., 1811. The revised furm has passed 
into other collections. 

50. The Lord be with ns when we bend. Chte of 
Afternoon Service. Written [in 1ST0] at tho request of 
a friend for use at the close of Service on Sunday after- 
noons when (as in summer) strictly Evening hymns 
would be unsuitable. It was pub, in Church Kyt,, loll, 
Thrlnaye CoU„im% and others. 

51. This day the Lord's disciples met. Whittantidt. 
" Originally written in LeaS for aclaasofebildren, ass 
hymn of 8 verses of E lines each, beginning, ' The 
Fiftieth day waa come at last.' It wss abridged, re- 
vised, and compressed Into c.ir. for Mrs, Brock's ChU- 
dren'i B. Bit,, 1880," and pub. therein, 1881. 

S& Thou in Whoae Vams l&e two or three. Wett- 
neidnu. Appeared in the Parith Bagaeine, Hay, 18T1, 
as a hynui for Wednesday, After revieton it was in- 
cluded in Chwreh Byt,, 1811, and repeated In other col- 
lections, 

18, Thou Who sentest Thine Awstles, SS, Simon 
an&Jade. Written in June, 187a, fortherevisededitlon 
of B. A. is jr., and pub. in the same In 1876. 

H- We sins; Ihe gloriouB eonquest. Oonvereion of 
St.raul. Written Feb. SB, 18J1, for and pnb. later tbe 
same year In Church Byi. It was repeated in B. A. a) 
M., 1876. 

SS. When the day of tall is done. Bternal Beit. 
Written in Jan. 1870, and lat pub. in the Rev. K. 
Brown-Borthwick's Sixteen Bys. with Tuna, kc., 1870, 
Church But., 1871, and subsequently in several Scottish 
hymn-books. The tune "Preston," la Church Byt., 
was written for this hymn. 

To these hymns must be added those which 
are annotated under their respective first lines, 
and the translations from the Latin. Tho 
grandest of his original compositions is, 
" Throned upon the awful tree," and the most 
beautiful and tender, " Saviour, again to Thy 
dear Name wo raise"; and of his tr»., "Sing 
Alleluia forth in duteous praise," and " Wel- 
come, happy morning, age to age shall say," 
are tho most sucoessiulland popular. The 
subjects of Mr. Ellerton's hymns, and the cir- 
cumstances under which they were written, 
had much to do witli tho concentration of 
thought and terseness of expression by which 
they are characterized. The words which he 
uses are usually short and simple ; the thought 
is clear and well stated ; the rhythm is good 
and stately. Ordinary facts in sacred hiatory 
and in daily life are lifted above the common- 
place rhymes with which they are usually asso- 
ciated, thereby Tendering tlie hymns bearable 
to the cultured, and instructive to the devout. 
His antitheses are frequent and terse, almost 
too much so for devotional verse, and are in 
danger of interrupting the tranquil flow of de- 
votion. His sympathy with nature, especially 
in her sadder moods, is great; he loves the 
fading light and the peace of eve, and lingers 
in tbe shadows. Unlike many writers who set 
forth their illustrations in detail, and then tie 
to them tbe moral which they are to teach, 
he weaves his moral into his metaphor, and 
pleases the imagination and refreshes tho 



328 ELLIOTT, CHABLOTTE 

spirit together. Now and again he falls into 
too weakness of ringing changes on voids ; 
but taken as a whole his verse is elevated in 
tone, devotional in Bpirit, and elegant in dic- 
tion. See p. 1561, it [J. J.] 

Elliott, Charlotte, daughter of Charles 
Elliott, of Chipham and Brighton, and grand- 
daughter of the Bev. H. Venn, of Hudders- 
fleld, was b. March 18, 1789. The first 32 
years of her life were spent mostly at Clap- 
ham. In 1823 she removed to Brighton, and 
died there Sept. 22, 1871. To her acquaint- 
ance with Dr. C. Malan, of Geneva, is at- 
tributed much of the deep spiritual-minded- 
ness which is so prominent in her hymns. 
Though weak and feeble in body, she pos- 
sessed a strong imagination, and a. well- 
cultured and intellectual mind. Her love of 
poetry and music was great, and is reflected 
in her verse. Her hymns number about 150, 
a large percentage of which are in C. U. The 
finest and most widely known of these are, 
" Jnst as I am," and "My God, my Father, 
while I stray." Her verse is characterized by 
tenderness of feeling, plaintive simplicity, 
deep devotion, and perfect rhjthm, Forthose 
iu sickness and sorrow she has sung as few 
others have done. Her hymns appeared iu 
her brother's I'*. & Hys. and elsewhere as 
follows : — 

(1) P»oimt and Ifjfmns for r>uoIic, .Private, and 
Social Worship ; telected by the Rev, H. V. Elliott, kc, 
1B35-4B. In this Sci.her signature is "0. E." (s) The. 
Christian Itememoraneer Pocket Book* This was ori- 
ginally edited by Miss Kiernan, of Dublin. Miss Elliott 
undertook tbe editorship la 1834. (3) 3Ae Invalid's 
Hymn Book. This waa originally compiled by Kiss 
Kieraan, but before publication was re-arranged by Sf Lss 
Elliott, who also added 23 hymns In the 1st *d., 1834, 
These were increased in tbe following edition to the 6 th 
in 1834, when he? contributions amounted to 112. From 
that date no change was made in the work. (4) Honrt 
of Sorrow Cheered and Comforted ; or. Thoughts in 
Verse, 1S3S. (5) Morning and Evening Hymns for a 
Week, printed privately in 1B39 for sale for a benevolent 
institution In Brighton, and pub. In 1341. (6) noughts 
tfl Verse on Sacred Subjects, 18*0. 

Miss Elliott's Poems were pub., with a 
Memoir by her BiBter, Mrs. Bablngton, in 
1873, and an additional volume of Leaves from 
her unpublished Journals and Poems, also 
appeared iu 1870. 

In addition to hcrtnore important hymns, 
which are annotati_>d under their respective 
first lines, there are in C. U. :— 

i. From The Invalid's Hymn-book, 18a4- 
1841 :— 

1. Clouds and darkness round about thee, (lsii.) 
Resignation. 

2. Not willingly dost Thou afflict [reject]. (1M1.) 
Divine Chastisement. 

3. O Ood, may I look up to Thee. (1841.) Hack us 
to Pray. 

4. This la enough ; although 'twere sweet. (1834.) 
On being debarred from Divine Worship. 

6. With tearful eyes I look around. (1841.) The 
Invitation " Come Vnto Me." 

ii. From H. V. Elliott's Psalms & Hymns, 
1835-1839 :— 

6. Glorious was that primal light. Christmas. 

1 . Hail, holy day, most bleat, most dear. Baiter. 

a. My only Saviour, when I feel. Jesut His people's 
Best. 

». How let our heavenly plants and flowers. Monday 
Morning. 

10. The Sabbath-day has reached its close. Sunday 
Evening. 

iii. From Miss Elliott's Sows of Sorrow, 
1836;— 



ELLIOTT, HENBY T. 

11. Father, when Thy child is dying. Prayer for a 
Departing Spirit. 

11. Leaning on Thee, my Guide, my Friend. DeaOt 
Anticipated. 

13. My God, is any hour so sweet f The Ewtr of 
Prayer. 

14. O bunt and feeble-hearted. Resignation enforced. 

15. There Is a holy sacrifice. The Contrite Heart. 

iv. From her Hymns for a Week, 1839: — 
IB, Guard well thy lips; none, none con know. 
Thursday Morning. 
If. There is a spot of consecrated ground. Ft. 1, 

18. This ii the mount where Christ's disciples see. Pt. 
ii. Monday Evening. 

19. This is the day to tune with care. Saturday 
Morning. 

v. From Thovgkts in Verse on Sacred Sub- 
jects, 1869. 

20. A* the new moons of old were given. On a 
Birthday. 

21. I need no other plea. Pt. I. 

31. I need no prayers to saints. Pt. Ii. Christ, AH 
in Ml. 

23. Jesus, mySavlour, lookonme. Ckrist, AliinAK. 
Several of the earlier of these hymns were 
repeated in the later works, and are thus 
sometimes attributed to the wrong work. 

[J. DJ 

Elliott, Ebenezer, commonly known as 
the"CornLaw Rhymer," was b. near Bother- 
ham, Yorkshire, 1781, and d. at Barnsley, in 
the same county, in 1819. The greater part 
of his life was spent in Sheffield, where he 
was engaged in the iron trade, and it was in a 
Sheffield newspaper that many of his poetical 
pieces first appeared. He pub. : — 

(1) Ifight, a Descriptive Poem, 1818, (a) Tke Village 
Patriarch, 1929. (3) Corn Law Rhymes, 1831. (4) 
Poems, 1834; and (V) More Prose and Verse, 1860. 

A piece or two from these works have been 
adapted as hymns in some Unitarian Collec- 
tions. They include "Another year is swal- 
lowed by the sea," for the old and new year. 

[J. J.] 

Elliott, Emily Elizabeth. Steele, third 
daughter of the late Rev. E. B. Elliott, of 
Brighton, author of the Horae Apocalypticae, 
was b, at Brighton, and now [1887] lives in 
London, She lias contributed hymns, some of 
which have obtained wide acceptance, to the 
choir manuals, arid Additional Hymns, I860 
(Nob. 8, 34) for use in St. Mark's Church, 
Brighton ; tt> the Church Missionary Juvenile 
Instructor, which she edited for as years. 
Her Chimes of Consecration, a volume of 70 
hymns and poems, was pub. in 1873, and her 
Chimes /or Daily Service in 1 880, 'JTie latter 
contains 71 hymns in two parts. The second 
part of 18 hymns is also pub. separately as 
Under the Pillow, for use as a cheap large 
type hymn-hook (with corresponding tune- 
bnok) fur hospitals and infirmaries and the 
sick generally. Her hymn, " Let ns keep the 
fenst" (H. Communion), was 1st pub. in The 
Featt of Sacrifice and The Feast of Remem- 
brance, 1865, in 5 st. of 5 1, [J. M.] 

Elliott, Henry Venn, m.a., b. of Charles 
Elliott, and brother of Charlotte Elliott, b. 
Jan. 17, 1792, and eduoated at Hammer- 
smith by the Ilev. H. Jowett, nnd at Trinity 
College, Cambridge. He graduated in 1810, 
and was subsequently a Fellow of Tiinity. 
Taking Holy Orders in 1823, he beciime, 
in 1826, Minister of fit. Mary's, Brighton, 
and remained there to his death on Jan. 2(, 



ELLIOTT. JULIA A. 

1865. His TAfe, by Josiah Batemaa, was pttb. 
in 1868. He pub. in 1835, Psalms and Hymns 
for Public, Private and Social Worship, 1835. 
To this collection his wife and mater con- 
tributed many hymns, and to the (2nd or 3rd 
ed.),c. 1839 edition, he added the following:^. 



BMIL1B JCLIANB 



S29 



1. For faith, Thy gift, O Lord. Faith daired. 
1. In the sweet time of early mom. F raytron atkatf 
of Children. 

3. Lovest (boa not P alas ! In thee. Love desired. 

4. Saviour, I see Thy mansions fair. Faith.. 

Mr. Elliott's hymns have not come into 
extensive nee, but his collection, often re- 
printed, had a marked influence upon latter 
hymn-books. [lagland Hymnody, Ohnnh of.] 

[J. J.] 

Elliott, Julia Anns, nee Marshall, 

daughter of Mr. John Marshal], of Halistoads, 
Uilswator, was married to the Bev. H. V. 
Elliott (q.v.*), in 1833, and d. Nor. 8, 1811. 
Her hymns were contributed to her husband's 
Pi. & Hymn*, 1835, anonymously, but in tho 
Index to the "3rd thousand," 1839, her 
initials were added. These hymns are eleven 
in all, arid concerning them, Miller has justly 
said {S. * Songs, p. 482), they 
"shot? a meet refined poetical taste, andaspecisl Acuity 
for appreciating and expressing;, appropriately, phases 
of thought gnd feeling that are heautunt, and that might 
have escaped common observation." 

Of these hymns the best known are, " Hail, 
thou bright and sacred mom," " On the dewy 
breath of even," and " We love Thee, Lord, 
yet not alone" (qv.) The rest are:— 

1, Father, If that gradona name, Ihtereasion. 

a. Great Creator, who this day. Sunday. 

a. 1 would believe \ but my weak heart. Lent. 

4. My God, and can I linger still. Lent. 

o. not when o'er the trembling soul. Lent. 

0. O Thoo, who dUettbla rite reveal. E. Ctmmvnion. 

*r. Soon, too eoon, the sweet repose. Sunday Evening, 

8. Welcome to ma the darkest night. EetignaHen. 

Ij.j.3 

ELpis, first wife of the celebrated philo- 
sopher Boethius, was the daughter of Festus, 
Consul at Borne, 472, and sister of the mother 
of St. Placidus, a disciple of St. Benedict 
The hymn " Aurea luce et deoore roseo " 
(q. v.) is usually, but somewhat uncertainly, 
Attributed to her. Others also bear her name 
(see Index). She d. at an early age, at Padua. 

ELven, Cornelius, pastor for fifty years 
of the Baptist Church at Bury St. Edmunds, 
Suffolk, was b. in 1797, and d. in 1873. His 
hymn, ""With broken heart and contrite sigh " 
(Lent), is found in several collections in G. 
Britain and America. It was written in Jan., 
1852 (Miller's 8. & Songs, p. 449), for use 
at special servioes by his own congregation, 
and was included in the Bapt. Ft. A Hys,, 1858. 

Emergit undis et Deo. Nicholas Le 
Toumeanx. [Epiphany.] Contributed to the 
Cluniac Brev., 1680, p. 234, and signed "N. T. 
P. B." In the revised Pari* Brev.. 1786, it 
is the hymn at Lands and Second Vespers at 
the Octave of the Epiphany. In the Lyons 
anil Amiens Breviaries it is for Second Vespers 
only. InthePoraJJreD.it is signed "N.T." 
The test is also in Card. Newman's Hymni 
EecUsiae, 1838 and 1885 : and J. Chandler's 
Hys. of the Primitive Church, 1837, No. 55. 
Tr. as :— 

L, How Jena lifts Bis prayer on blfn. By J. 
Chandler, in his Ifys. of tie Primitive Church, 



1837, p. 61, in 6 st. of 4 1. It was repeated in 
01dinow'sJ7ymiiut,&c.,1850; Murray's Hymnal, 
4c, 1852 ; the People's H., 1867, and several later 
collections ; and also altered as, " And now 
emerging from the stream," in the English Hyl., 
1852, No. 64. Another arrangement, adapted 
sncceasfully for Holy Baptism as " When Jesus 
raised His prayer on high," was given in the 
Scottish Epuoo. Coll., 1858, No. 105. 

I. From the stream emerging, to. This was 
given in the English Hyl., 2nd ad., 1856 ; and 
the 3rd ed., 1861, as "From the stream emerging 
turn." It is J. Chandler's tr. much altered. 

tw lbs lard eomes forth from Jordan's stream. 
This is No. 167 in the Hymnary, 1872, and 
although set forth in the Index ss by J. Chandler, 
it is really a cento from Chandler, the English 
Hyt. (veision of 1852), and others, the iorm 
given to it, and many of the lines being from the 
English Hymnal. 

Tranalationa not in 0, TS, ; — 

1. He rises from the wave, and now, 1. Williams, 
British Mag., 1836 ; and JVt.Vh»» Parti Bret,, 183*. 

2. Fiom'tbe wave behold Him riae. By W. J. Stent, 
UW-6B, 

3. Emerging, lo J from Jordan's flood. J. D. Cham- 
her*, UM,1. hb. 

Thehymn Caetis fit, expere serdmm, which is 
tr. by W. J. Blew in his Church Hy. A Tune 
Book, 1852-55, as * Dove of purity unstained," 
and repented in Bice's Set, 1870, is from this 
hymn and begins with at. iv, [J. J,] 

Emerson, Ralph. Waldo, s. of an Uni- 
tarian Minister, was b, at Boston, U.S., May 
25, 1803. He was educated for the Unitarian 
Ministry, and acted, 1829-32, as one of their 
ministers. Ultimately he left the ministry, 
and devoted himself to lecturing and litera- 
ture. As a philosopher, essayist, and poet he 
rose to a distinguished position. He d. at 
Concord, Massachusetts, April 27, 1882. His 
published works include Poems, 1840; Ora- 
tions, Lectures, and Addresses, 1844; Repre- 
sentative Men, 1850; English Traits, 1858, Ate 
His hymns are not numerous. They include : — 

1, Out from tiie heart of nature rolled. The 
Everlasting Word. This is part of his poem The 
Pivbiem, pub. in the Dial, July, 1840; and then 
in the 1st ed. of hit Poems, 1846. It was in- 
cluded in the Hys. of the Spirit, 1864, No. 636 ; 
and Martineau's Hymns, &c, 1873, No. 112. 

t, w g ion the venerable house. The House of 
God. Written in 183a, for the Ordination of the 
Bev. Chandler Bobbins, who succeeded Emerson 
ss Minister of the Second (Unitarian) Church, 
Boston. It is in the Hys. of the Spirit, 1864, No. 
234 ; and Martineau's Hys, of Pftiise and Prayer, 
1873. [J. J,] 

Emilie Jnliane was dau. of Count Albert 
Friedrich of Barby and Miihlingen (on tho 
Elbe, near its junction with the Sanle). Dur- 
ing the Thirty Years' war her father and family 
had to seek refuge in the Heidecksburg, the 
castle of his uncle, Count Ludwig Qiinther of 
Schwawburg Badoktadt, and Emilie was b. 
st tho Heideoksburg, Aug. 18, 1637. After 
the death of hor father (1641) and mother 
(1642), she was adopted by her mother's 
sister (who was her god-mother, and hod 
become the wife of Count Ludwig Gunther), 
and was educated at Budolstadt with her 
cousins, under the care of Dr. Abasuerus 



380 



EMILIE JULIANS 



Fritscb, and other tutors. She became the 
wife of her cousin, Albert Anton, July 7, 
1665, and d. at Rodolstadt, Dec. 3, 1 706 (Km*, 
iv. 56-63 ; AUg. Deutsche Biog., i. 127 ; Pasig'i 
Introduction ; Bode, pp. 63-61, &c). 

She wH the most productive of German female hymn- 
writers, some 600 being attributed to ber. Her early 
education In music and In poetry, aDd the influence of 
the kindred spirits of her cousin Ludamilia Elisabeth 
and of Dr. Abasuerus Fritsch, no doubt fostered and 
developed her gifts. Her hymns, which are full of deep 
and child-like love to the Lamb of God, toe Bridegroom 
nf the Souli partake too largely of the character of 
revetatlona of her Inner life, and of reflections in verse, 
"improving" the events of her dally life, to bs suited 
for Church use. A considerable number did, however, 

Eass into the bymn-booke. and the first here noted Is a 
ymn of the first rank. Of those pub. in her lifetime 
the moat appeared in her devotional works, (1) Gtitt- 
Uche IMdtr und Otbctt tor uttd nach Brtangung ggttt, 
Khtugaa, Rudoletadt, 1683. (2) KSkhocmer in grotter 
mtm d«i Oreutta. Rudolstadt, 1685. (31 IBglidut 
Korgai- Mittagx- und Mimdr-OpfftT, Rudolstadt, less 
(and ed., enlarged, 10»0). Others appeared in the edi- 
tions of the Rv&attto&t Q. B. i«B4-U04. After ber 
death tbey appeared, collected, under the title of Der 
J^raaidin du Lammes (itiitlichtr Brauttdmuek, pt. 
1., 1T14, and enlarged 1J42 i pt. ii. U42 i pt. iU. 1710 ; a 
number of hymns by other authors, which the editors 
had found transcribed In the Countess's handwriting, 
being included by mistake. A selection of 109 of her 
Geittliehe Lteder, ed. with an introduction, biographical 
and critical, by Dr. Paelg, appeared at Halle, 1866. 

Three have passed into English, viz. : — 

L War weiaa wie nah« mil main End*. For the 
Dying. This beautiful hymn was in last century 
the subject of an unpleasant controversy. It 1st 
appeared in the Appendix of 1688 to the fiudol- 
itadt &, B., 1682 ; and, like all the other hymns 
in that collection, it was given without an 
author's name. It at once passed into other 
collections, generally as anonymous, but some- 
times under the name of the Countess. In 
the Sohvuartxbvtrgisohs Deithmahl einer Ckrtet- 
GrSflichen Zanmea-Freundin, 1707, she was 
expressly named as author. On this Q. H. 
PfefFerkorn (q.v.) claimed it as his own. The 
resulting controversy is given in detail in Wetstel, 
i. 4-26, ii. 294-307 ; iii. 156-191, and his A. 
H. i. 9-10, ii. 115-117 ; in Fischer, ii. 865-369 ; 
in Pastg's Introduction, niii.-xiii. ; and in 
Koch, viii. 637-639. 

No evidence whatever save his bare word has been 
adduced for Pfeflerkom. On the other hand a copy of 
the hymn m the handwriting of the Countess dated 
Nenbaus, 1* Sept., 1686 (two days before the sudden 
death of Duke Joaann Qeorg of Sachse-Elsenacb, which 
Pfeiferkorn said suggested to him the composition of It) 
is still preserved in the Church Library at Gere, to 
which it was presented in 17G7 by Anna Dorothea 
Countess of Schwanburg-Budolstadt. In a copy of the 
Budelttadt a. B., l?et, in .which Emllle had marked 
her own hymns, this hymn in initialed like the rest, 
" JK, J,,'* and In a letter she wrote to the Countess Mag- 
daZena Sophia of Schunburg-Hartensteln, she expressly 
affirmed Ser authorship. In 1T14 the editors of her 
BrauUchmwch claimed for it on these grounds — 1. That 
she declared she was the author, 2. That her husband 
affirmed the same. 3. That the whole Court kuew of It. 
4. That she had herself contributed It to the BvdohtacU 
G. B., 16B8. On internal grounds, too, its resemblance 
toother hymns of the Countess bespeaks ber authorship. 

It is one of the finest German hymns In preparation 
for death ; and Lauimann, in Such, vlil. 640-646, relates 
many instances regarding lta use, especially in presen- 
timent of death. Tbue Dr. J. U". Frommann, ducouus 
atTublngenjCausedltoftentobeeungin church before 
his sudden death in November, 1T1S, during evening 
service ; and J. A. Bengel (q.vA when receiving Holy 
Communion for the last time with hia wife and children, 
caused st. at., it. to be sung at the close of the service. 
The hymn la in Dr. Pa&ig'a od.ofher Geistlic\e Lieder, 
1855, p. 164, In 11 st. of 4 I., and the refrain, 
" Mein Gott, Ich bllt' durch Christl Hint, 
Machs nur mit melnem Ende gut ! " 
It la So. 609 in the Vm. L, S-, 1851. 



EN DIES EST DOMINICA 

The in. in C. U. are :— 

1, Who know* how near my life's (upended, 

omitting st. ix., x., in Dr. H. Mill's Horae Qer,, 
1845 (1856, p. 245). His trs. of st. i„ vi.-viii. 
are included as No. 982 in the American Luth. 
Gen. Synod's H. Bk., 1850-52, and as No. 430 
in the Ohio Luth. Hyl., 1880. 

1. Whe knows how near my end may ha I Time 
speed* away, a good and full tr. by Miss Wink- 
worth, in the 2nd Ser. of her Lyra Otr., 1858, 
p: 204, and then as No. 187 in her €. B. for 
England, 1863, In the Pennsylvania Lutheran 
CL Bk., 1868, st. i., vi. ( ii., iii., were included 
as No. 546. 

Other tra. are : (11 " Who knows how soon my end 
may be," by Dr. G. Walter, I860, p. 91 ; (a) "Who 
knows how near my end may be? Time," fee., by E. 
Maine, iset, p. 155. 

In addition the following have been tr., but 
are not in English C. U. : — 

11. "Herr! mein Gott! tehre mtch!" Evening, fo 
No. iii., 1685, p. 30. ill. "Jesu Gate hat keinEnde." 
Miming, in No. 11., 1665, p. 133. Both trl. are by M. 
•r. ftwfeoH, 1343, p. 104. [J. M.] 

Empty J d of earth I fain would be. 

A. M. Toplady. {Holiness desired.] 1st pub. 
in his Poems on Sacred Sutyeets, 1759, ns No. 
25 of the " Petitionary Hymns," and headed, 
"The Believer's Wish." In April, 1771, ho 
included it in a revised form, in 10 st. of i 1., 
In the Qospel Magazine. This revised test is 
repeated in Sedgwick's reprint of Toplady's 
Hymns, I860, p. 30, and is that in use In Cr. 
Britain and America. The cento from this 
hymn, " At anchor laid remote from home " 
(at. ix, and "viii.), appeared in Bippon's Sel^ 
1787, and is still in C. U. [W. T. B.] 

En dies est Dominion*. [Sunday Morn- 
ing.'] This long hymn of 116 lines is given by 
Mone, No. 247, from a Ms. of the 15th cent, at 
Karlsruhe. He heads it " Dominieis diebus, 
hymnua." The same mb. contains the ancient 
melody. The lines 3, i : — 

" 0b octavam domlnioe, 
Reaurrectlonis sacrae ; ' 

rendered in the Byrnnal N. : — 

" Foronthisday the eighth and first. 
Our rising Lord death'B fetters burst : " 

receive illustration from a quotation from St. 
Augustine (354-430), and noted by Mime: — 

" The souts truly of all the saints are Indeed at rest 
before the resurrection of the body ; but tbey have not 
that power of action with which they nourish when the 
bodyls received again, which action the eighth day sig- 
nifies." St^iugutlim, Bpiit. Clan ii. Sjiitt. 55, c. 13-23. 

From this hymn the following centos ore 
takeu : — " En dies est Dominica" ; " Christi 
nam rcsnrrectio " ; and "Hac die BUTRens 
dominus." [W. A. B.] 

The translations of the centos from this 
hymn are : — 

i. En dies est Dominica. Of this cento there 
am three arrangements : — 

1. The Sunday mom again fa hare. A tr. of 11, 
1-4, 13-38, 113-116, hy J, M. Neale, in the 
Hymnal N., 1854, in 6 St. of 4 1, nnd again in 
later editions. 

2. Again the Lord'* own day is here. This 
altered form of Neale's tr. with the omission of 
et. r. is by the Compilers of H, A. & M. It 
was included in the 1st ed., 1861, and ©ontiooed 
in the revised ed., 1875. 



EN TEMPUS ACCKPTABILfi 

&, This day whioh Jeans calle Hii mm* By H. 
Trend, is a *r. of 11. 1-4, 9-28, 113-118, from 
the Lyra Mystica, 1865, into the Peoples ff., 
1867, No. 419. 

il, Chrirtl nun roturreetlo. This cento is com- 
posed of 11, 13-16, 33-36, 49-52, 101-112. 
Jr. as :— 

0'«r death triumphant Ghriat tint. In the 
Propfe^ ff, 1867, No. 418, Is by H. Trend, from 
the Lyra jfyttioa, 1865. 

iii. Hao lie snrgens Somtnus. This cento em- 
brao«9ll.28-36,61-68,98-108, 113-116. IHas! 

Christ Wne; Tiiied from death of yore. By J. M. 
Neale, appeared in the ifymnaf if., 1854, and 
was continued in later editions, [J. J.] 

En tempuB acesptabile. [Zen*.] The 
use of this hymn, probably of the 18th cent., 
varies according to the Breviary in which 
it is found. In the Coutancet Brev. it is 
at Lands from the 3rd Sunday in Lent to 
Passion Bunday (the latter exclusively) ; And 
in the Amiens Brev. at Matins on Sundays and 
week-days, when the Ferial Office is said, from 
Ash Wednesday to Passion Sunday. The text 
is given in Dr. Neale's Hymni Eeelesiae, 1851 
p. 85, from the Cohort Brtv. of 1746. 3V. as : 

Is i itecle spaee the waleome tide. By R. C. 
Singleton, written in 1867, and included iu his 
Anglican H. Bk., 1868. [W. A. S.] 

Eneompaea'd with clouds of dis- 
tress. A. if. Toplady. [The struggles of 
Faith.] No. 18 of Toplady's series of hymns 
in the Gospel Magazine, Feb., 1772, in 4 st. of 
SI. Although not inoluded in his Ps.&Eyt., 
1776, it is given in several modem hymn- 
books, as Spurgeon'a 0. 0. H. Bk., 1868, and 
others. Also in the Sedgwick reprint of 
Toplady's Hymns, 1860, [W. T. B.] 

Enfield, William, vl.v., b. at Sudbury, 
Suffolk, March 29, 1741, of poor parents. 
Through the assistance of Mr. Hextall, the 
local Dissenting Minister, at 17 he entered 
the Daventry Academy under Dr. Ashworth, 
His first pastorate was of the congregation at 
Bonn's Garden, Liverpool, to which he minis- 
tered from 1763 to 1770. In conjunction with 
Bev. J. Brekell of Key SI chapel, he edited 

A News CbMwK™ o/ Psalm proper for ChritliiAl 
WortMfrintKretparti, /. Ptaiat of David, ten. II. 
Psahnt if Praise to Qod. III. Piaimi on varkrut Sab* 
jectt. Liverpool, Printed hi the year 1764. Known as 
the itusrporf Old Coll. later eds., iw, Ulo, iwi. 
In thla tact, 60 more bymns an added to toe 3rd put. 

From 1770 to 1785 Enfield was at Warring- 
ton, as minister to the Old Presbyterian con- 
gregation, and as teacher of Belles-lettres and 
other subjects, in the Dissenting Academy 
founded there in 1757. He pnb. in 1774, The 
Speaker; 1783, Institutes of Natural Philo- 
sophy, and other works, including: — 

Jtymftf for PvbUc Worship : sdeetid /torn Various 
Authors, and intended <w a supfitnsnt to Br. Watts's 
Plaint, Warrington. Printed for toe Editor, lira. 
3rd ed. 1J8». London. Printed for J, Johnson, St. Paul's 
Churchyard, and W. Kyns, Warrington. Contains lfio 
hymns, rather more than half being the same aa In the 
lAwrvool OMtction. In this Coll. some of Mrs. Bar- 
bauld a hymna appeared for the first time. 

From Warrington he proceeded to Norwich 
as pastor of the Octagon chapel, and d. there 
Nov. 8, 1797. In 1791 he pub. an abridgment 
of Snicker's History of Philosophy, and at the 
time of his death was engaged with Dr. J, Aikin, 



ENGLAND HYMNODV, CH. OF 331 

son of his late colleague at the Warrington 
Academy, in bringing out a General Bio* 
grajihioal Dictionary, voLi.1796. Henlsopub. 
ASAxtionqf Rgttms for Social Worship. Norwich. 
Printed by J. March lor J. Johnson, 5t. Paul's Church- 
yard, London, lfrDft. 2nded., 119*1; Srded., 1B03. Lon- 
don, J. Johnson. Printed by W. Eyrea, Horee Market, 
Warrington. Contains 33S hymns, mere than half by 
Watts, and of the reet S3 were retained Atom the War- 
rfnptoft €6tL 

In this Coll. Enfield's own hymns first ap- 

Eed, "Behold where in a mortal form" 
vraple of Christ) ; "Wherefore should man, 
child of clay " (BmatlUy) ; and " O Thou, 
through all thy works adored" (Qod theBuler 
of Nature). They ere characteristic of the 
"moral preacher" and the Unitarian, and in 
taste are unexceptionable. Dr. Enfield re- 
ceived his degree from Edinburgh University. 
On his death Johnson brought out 3 vols, of 
his Sermons " on Practical Subjects,'' with a 
Memoir hy Dr. Aikiu. [V. D. D.] 

English Hymnody. This subject, em- 
bracing as it does all hymns associated with 
the Church of England and Nonconformist 
bodies in England, from the beginning of 
English hymn-writing to the present, is too 
vast and complicated for one article. For the 
sake of accuracy, clearness, and simplicity, it 
has been divided into parts which have taken 
the form of separate articles, each article 
being complete in itself. The leading articles, 
and those from which the rest diverge, are 
Entlish Hyntnody, Early, and Psalters, Xngliah ; 
and a thorough grasp of any ■subdivision can 
only be attained by acquaintance with these 
articles. The subdivisions include : — 



1. Baptist 
8, Cauls, 
S. Children's! 

a. CoUeotainl 

S. OentrecatiaaaL 
0. Doxokgiea. 

England, Ohurchofc 
ffliah Hymnody, 



Hymns on 



Spistlea, 
toe, 

10. Grace*, MetrioaL 

11, Goapela, Bymns 

IS. Honitali. 

13, Intaamitea. 

14. Irnncfte*. 



15. Invalids. 

16. Lady Huntingdon's 

Colli. 

17. litanies, Metrical. 
IS, Hefludiat. 

19, ^^Tft^mffi 

SO, Hew Version, 

«. Old verat™, 

8S. Pnibytenan, Biurllili. 

S3. ~ ' 



24, Pulten, Xaglia 
is. Pahlio Sohoeu, 



18, Kaman Gatholie, 

Xngliah. 
97. Bailors ami Setdien, 
SS, Temperance, 
SB, Unitarians, 



Any additional articles which may be given 
will be found either under their proper title or 
through the Cross Beference Index. [J. J.] 

England Mymnody, Church, of. In 
the article on Marly English Hymnody, and in 
that on English Psalters, the contributions 
made by the Chnrcb of England to English 
Hymnody to 1700, and, in the case of PeaTters, 
to the present time, are fully set forth. To 
this article is left the task of carrying on the 
history to the latest hymn-books which have 
issued from the press. 

The origin s.od development of hymn-book 
making in the Church of England have their 
well defined periods, each is the outcome of 
renewed activity and spiritual life, and all 
bear witness to robust health and vigour. 

i. Fir* Period, 1700-1800. 

For the first thirty years and more of the 

eighteenth century nothing was done in the 

form of hymn-book compiling in the Church 

of England. A movement, however, in the 



332 ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OF 

right direction had taken place by the estab- 
lishment of the Society far Promoting Christian 
Knowledge in 1698 ; and the Society for the 
Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parte, 
in 1701. The outlook was considerably en- 
larged by the establishment of these Societies, 
and, especially through the latter, interest was, 
to some extent, awakened in " Foreign Paris " ; 
but mainly those whioh were British posses- 
sions. One of the first to catch the spirit of 
the new movement was John Wesley, who gave 
himself to mission work in Georgia; and the 
outcome of that mission was the first hymn-book 
compiled for use in the Church of England. 
Wesley went to Georgia in 1735, and returned 
to England in 1|87. His visit to the Moravian 
settlement at Hermhnt, and his first field 
sermon on the 2nd of April, 1738, followed, 
and then came the actual foundation of Me- 
thodism, officially dated as 1739. Three years 
before this, and whilst in Georgia, he published, 
CaUeetion qf FMditM and Bymnl. Charlet-tovm. 
Printed by Levtis Timothy, 1737. 

One copy only of this collection is known to 
exist : but a facsimile reprint, with a preface 
by Dr. Osborne, was pub. by T. Woolmer, 
Castle Street, City Boad, Loudon, in 1882. In 
a letter quoted in Bliss's edition of Wood's 
Athenae Oxonientet, Wesley himself states that 
he published a Collection of Ptalmt & Hymnt 
in 1736. This collection is the Charles-town 
book, which thus dates 1736-7. This collec- 
tion is divided into three sections or parts. 
The first contains 40 " Psalms and Hymns for 
Sundays "; the second, 20 " Psalms and Hymns 
for Wednesdays or Fridays"; and the third, 
10 "Psalms.aud Hymns for Saturday," or 70 
hymns in all. Those for Sunday are mostly 
hymns of praise; those for Wednesday or 
Friday, humiliation, repentance and prayer; 
and those for Saturday adoration of God as 
the Creator of the Universe. There is no pro- 
vision for Holy Baptism or Holy Communion. 
Of the 70 hymns more than one-third are by 
I. Watts, the rest being by various members of 
the Wesley family, including five ire. by J. 
Wesley from the German, and adaptations 
from J. Austin, G. Herbert, J. Addison, and 
others. John Wesley's expansion of this book, 
together with his various poetical collections 
and the publications of his brother Charles, 
were distinctly outside of the Church of Eng- 
land [Ktfhodirt Hymnody, § L] 

Beyond this little work, narrow in design 
and limited in circulation, nothing was done 
until the great wave of religious awakening 
had reached the hearts of several of the clergy, 
and a few began to do within the Church what 
J. Wesley and others were doing in the fields 
without The line of theological thought taken 
was, however, in most cases more in accordance 
with the Calvinism of G. Whitefield than the 
Arminianism of J. Wesley. When, therefore, 
M- Madan published in 1760 the second im- 
portant hymn-book for use in the Church of 
England, he went to the collection published 
by G. Whitefield in 1753 for many of his 
hymns. These hymns were in most cases by 
Watts and Wesley, and altered by Whitefield. 
The alterations made in Whitefield's book 
suited Madan better than the originals (altera- 
tions so bitterly resented by Wesley in the 
preface to his nymn-book of 1780), and he 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, OH. OF 

took them without hesitation and without 
leave. The title of this book is ;— 

A OJUtetiat of Pntint and Bgnaa, Extracted from 
Variout Autliort, and publithed by the Jtmrtnd Mr. 
Madan . . . Landau. Printed by Benry Cock ; and 
Sold at the Lock HotpUal, near Bydts Park, USD. 

It contained 170 hymns. An Appendix of 
21 hymns was added in 1763. The arrange- 
ment of the collection is very crude. No order 
of subjects or seasons is observed, except that 
27 "Sacramental Hymns" are grouped to- 
gether at the end, and an alphabetical arrange- 
ment is ignored. Notwithstanding this, the 
selection, although from a limited number of 
writers only, is excellent. The literary stan- 
dard is high, and the tone throughout is ex- 
ceedingly bright and joyous. More than two- 
thirds of these hymns are still in use in the 
Church of England. 

In 1767 the Rev. B. Conyers, Vicar of Hems- 
ley, Yorkshire, and friend of W. Cowper the 
poet, pub. his hymn-book under the title of : — 
A Collection qf Ptalme and Bynne from Variant 
Authors i Xbr the ute of Seriout and Denote* Chrittiant 
of every Denomination. London : Printed by T. and 
J, Fathom in Black Priori, DM. 

This work seems to have had a good circu- 
lation, as it reached to a fourth edition in 1780, 
but whether its use extended, as its compiler 
designed, to any of the nonconforming bodies 
is not known. Conyers followed very much 
in the same path as Madan. In addition to 
embodying two-thirds of Madan's book in his 
own, he gathered the rest principally from the 
same common stores. He included a few ori- 
ginals from Newton and Cowper, but so far as 
is known he added nothing thereto of his own. 
It was an advance upon Madan's book in 
arrangement, was supplied with an index of 
subjects, and gave greater prominence to the 
Christian seasons ; but its influence on later 
collections was not of a special character. 

The compilation of Bichard De Courcy, 
published as : — 

A OXlection of Ptalmt and Hymns Extracted from 
Different Authors. With a Prtface by the Heverend 
Mr. De Oourey . . . Shmotbury. Printed and told by 
T. Wood . . . 1770. (2rni«J. Ilea.) 

introduced, especially in the 2nd and later 
editions, a number of hymns from Doddridge, 
Anno Steele, Mrs. Barbauld, and other Noncon- 
formists, into C. U. in the Church of England. 
To the 2nd ed he added a few hymns of his 
own. 

The widening of the area of selections by 
De Courcy was anticipated to a great extent, 
so far as his 2nd and later editions were con- 
cerned, by A. M. Toplady, who pub. in 1776 
his ; — 

Ptabnl and Bymm for Public and Private Worthip, 
do. London, 1778, 

The 1st ed., in common with the 2nd and 
others, was without order or system. Although 
the greater part of the book was compiled from 
John and Charles Wesley and Isaac Watts, 
yet many names new to the Church of England 
were represented. Most of these were Non- 
conformists, as J. Allen, J. Cennick, J. Hart, 
W. Hammond, B. Wallin, and others. The 
number of bis own hymns were few when com- 
pared with the number which he wrote : but 
tiie alterations and additions which he made 
in those by other hands were numerous. The 
2nd ed. of .the collection was edited by the 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OP 

Bev. Walter Eow in 1787. Some hymns were 
omitted and others added, the total being 113. 
In later editions the number was further in- 
creased. In 1811 they numbered 155, and 6 
doxologies. 

From 1778-87, at which dates Toplady'B 
two editions were pub., to 1800, various collec- 
tions were compiled, amongst which the more 
important were : — 

1, A Choice Coll. qf Spiritual and Divine Hymns, 
talanfrom oarioni Avtltort, Ac. ByC. H[ull]. Bristol, 
11 n. 

2, A Collection of pt, A Byt. on Variout Subjccttfor 
Public and Private Wbrtkxp, Ac. Br W. T*7lor and 
H. Jones. London. 1111. 

3. Stlat Pi. A Byt. Macclesfield (2nd ed. 1780; new 
ed. IMS). Edited by D. Simpson, 

4. Ft. A Hyt. OAlectei by W. B. Cadogan, London, 
1785. 2nd, 1787 ; Sid, 1733 ; 4tb, 1809. 

6. Ptalmt A Bymnt. By John Venn. London, I78S. 
«. The Pi. o/ David and otter Portions qf tike Sacred 

Scriptaret, Ac [Basil Woodd,] London, ITS*. 

7. J 1 *. ifjfi. * Anitosms «h^ fn the Chapel qf £oe 
JToqsitol for the Maintenance and Education of Ex- 
posed and Deserted Young Children. [Foundling Hos- 
pital (WIJ London. Music, 171*, 1797, 1801. Wards 
only, 1797 and 1801. 

Although this list shows that there was in- 
creased activity in the Church, and a fresher 
life, yet the hymn-books named above brought 
little of value to the oomman store of hymnody, 
and added not a single name of importance to 
the list of Church of England hymn-writers. 
This period closes with a limited number of 
hymn-books for Church use, and these were 
CsJvinistio in doctrine, were built up upon the 
lines of the Nonconformists* collections, and 
were indebted for their contents to Dissenters 
and the Wesleys, to the extent of some seven- 
eighths of the whole. Basil Woodd's Coll., 1794, 
and the anonymous reviser of the Foundling 
Hospital Coll., 1797, indicated, however, a ten- 
dency towards (t change for the better which 
soon took place. 

The Olney Hymn* (q.v.), by J. Newton and 
W. Cowper, the poet, were pub. during this 
period in 1779. Although outside of the hymn- 
books proper, that work exercised a powerful 
influence on the collections of the next two 
periods ; added two of the greatest names to 
the roll of hymn-writers; and enriched the 
hymnody of all time. 

ii. Period. 1801-1820 
The increased interest in the singing of 
hymns rather than the psalm-versions of Tate 
and Brady during this period, is seen in the 
number of hymn-books which were published 
during the twenty years which it embraces, 
and die places where they were issued. The 
following list, although not complete, will 
give a fair idea of the growth and expansion 
of this new departure in the order of divine 
worship in the Church of England. 

1. Scrtotural Hys. Sel. for tie Congregation of jilt 
Saintt Church, Liverpool. By Robert Banister, Liver- 
pool, 1801. 

2. Pt. A Hyt. for Pub. and Private Devotion. Shef- 
field, 1802. 

3. A C0U. of Pt. A Hyt. from Variout Authors, 
chiefly detuned for Public Worthip, Carlisle, B. Scott, 
1802 lith ed., 1811), Edited by tbe Rev. J. Fswcett. 
To tbls collection J. D. Carlyle's hymns were contributed. 

4. Portions of the Pt. of Davut, Together with a Sel. 
of Hyt. acHnmnwlated to the Servite of the Church of 
England. By Thomat T. Siddulph. Bristol, 2nd ed., 
1804; Sthed., 1813. 

b. A Sel. of Pt. A Hyt. for pub, and Private use. 
Uttozeter, 180S. Compiled by J. Stubte, T, CottertU, 
and T. Glsfcorne, 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OP 333 

S. Versions and Imitation! of the Pt. of David Set. 
from. Various Authort, and adapted to thcpnblic wor- 
thip of the Church qf England. By John levies. 
London, 180fi. 

7. Pt. of David, Ac. (1st. ed,, 1785.) New edition, 
with an Appendix containing :— 

8. Hyt. for the principal itettivalt of the Church of 
England. ByR. Cecil. 1800. 

B. Sel. porftoni of PS. extracledfrvm variout Versions 
and adapted to Pub. Worship, With an Appendix con- 
taining Hys. for the principal festivals of the Church 
of England By John Venn. London, 1800. Newed., 
1824 ; 4tb ed. revised, 1831. 

10, A Set. of Ps, A Hyt. raited to Pub., Social, A 
Family Worin^p. By the Rev. Henry Gauntlett, Wel- 
lington. 1807. 

11, A Sel. of Pt. A Hyt St. Mary 1 ! Chapel, Bir- 
mingham, and St. Jama' CSutpd, Aihted. Birmingham, 
1B07. 

12, Select portions of Ps, from the Hew Version, Byt. 
and Anthems. Sung at the Parish Church in Sheffield. 
Sheffield, 1807. Edited by Dr. T. Sutton, View ofShef. 
field. 2nd ed., 1810. 

* IS. Portions of Palms with Occasional Byt. 

TJttoxeter, 1808. Included for use In Ashbourne Church, 

14. A Bel. of Pt. A Hyt. By T.S., Rector qfSandford, 
Bucks. Buckingham, 1808. Edited by the Rev. T. 
Scott. 

IB. A Sel. from the Jfeut Version of Pt., 2nd ed., to 
which are added in the Appendix teveral Ps. A Hyt. for 
variout occasions not contained in the former edition. 
By R. Omerod, London, 180S. 

It. PS. A Hyt. for Use of My Chapel. By J. Willcoi. 
London, 1B09, 

17. Select Portions of Psalmt and Hpt. from Variant 
Authort, Ac. By J. Kempthorne. Loudon, 1810. 

18. ASel. of Ps. A Bys.for PuWic'and' Private CSC. 
By T. Ootterill. Newcastle, Staffordshire, 1810-1816. 

10. A Set. qf Ps. A Hys., Ac. By W. Wbltelock. 
Kendal, 1811. 

20. A Ooll. of Ps. A Hyt., chiefly designed for the use 
of Public Worship. [John Scott?] Hull, 3rd ed., 
1811. 

21. A Oil. of Pt. A Hys. from Fartou* Authort, 
chiefly designed for the Ute if Public Wbrihip. [C. 
Simeon!] Cambridge, 7th ed., 1811. 

22. A Coll. of Hyt. for Wrenbury Church, Cheshire. 
Chester, 1811, ByCt. Vandrey. 

23. Ps. A Hys, for the Parish tTiurcA qf GKeniBiefc. 
By J. L. Brlcknell.] London, 1011. 

24. J. Set. qfPt.A Hys, adopted to tie Seruicw qf the 
Church, Ac. By J. H. Stewart. Land. 1813. [Percy 
Chapel Coll."] very popular. 

38. A Sel. of pt. A Byt. from the Xtv> renins of the 
Church qf England and Othert, *te. By tbe Hon. 
Gerard T. Noel. London, 2nd ed., 1913; Srded., 1820. 

28. Pi. A Hys. By W. Hum. Ipswich, 1013. 2nd 
ed., 1824. 

27. Select Pt. A Bys.for the Ute qf the churches in 
Dudley, Ac. By " L. B." Dudley. 3rd ed. with Sup- 
plement, 1813. 

28. A Sel. of Ps. A Anthems. By W. Morgan. Brad- 
ford, IBIS. 2nd ed., 1822. 

20. PS.AHys. New Brentford. 181*. 

30. .Portions qf ps., together with Hyt., Ac. By H, 
W. Wilkinson. Sudbury, 1816. 

31. Pt. qf David, at sung in Penrith church. Pen- 
rith, 1810. 

32. BVt. A Anthemtfor the ute of Bamtgate Chapel. 
Banwgate, 1817, 

33. Pt. AHyt.forPub. Worship. Wellington. 2nd 
ed., 1817. 

34. P*. A Byt. Sung in St. John the Baptist chapel. 
Dock, lymoutb Dock, 3rded„ 1818. 

3*. Select Pt. A Byt. for the Ute of the Parish Church 
qf St. Boiolph, Without Aldertgate, London. London, 
1818. 

36. A Sel. qf Pt. A Hys, used in the Pariih Church 
qf Bartcn-undcr-yeedwood, Ac. Burton-upon-Trenl, 

1819. 

37! A Sel. of Ps. A Bys. for Pub. A Private Use, *c. 
By T. Ootterill. Sheffield. 8tb ed. 191*. This is the en- 
larged and suppressed edition. 

38. A O/U. of Hyt. adapted to the fasts A festivals 
qf the Church of England. By C N. Uoymer. Ipswich, 
181 8. 

30. Pi.,* Hys. Selected A Revised for Public, Social, 
Family or Secret Devotion. By J. Blckerstetb. London, 
1810. 2nd ed., 1824 ; 4th ed„ 1832. 

40. ji5et. of ps. A Hyt. for Use in St. Atban't Abbey, 
St. Albany 1820. 

41. A CM. of ps. A Hyt. for UscinBurntef Church, 
Burntey, Lancashlie, 1824. 



334 ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH, OP 

42. Set. of Pt. <tt Byt. for Psilic Worthip. Land., 
T. Cadell, ISM. Thie la T. Cotterill's 9th ed., and is 
dedicated to lb* Archbishop of York, 

The places where these collections were pub. 
are instructive, as showing that the movement 
wag extending to every part of the country. 
Whilst Basil Woodd and others issued their 
compilations in London, Charles Simeon pub- 
lished his at Cambridge. Thomas Cotterill 
began hi Staffordshire and finished in Sheffield. 
Birmingham, Bradford, Burnley, Cambridge, 
Carlisle, Dudley, Greonwich, Hull, Ipswich, 
Kendal, New Brentford, Penrith, Plymouth, 
Bamsgate, Sudbury, Wrenbury, and other 
towns nad their representative books, each dis- 
tinct in its way, and all testifying to the in- 
creased interest taken in the use of hymns. 
Outside of London, Yorkshire and Stafford- 
shire were the greatest contributors. 

The hooka of this period are marked by 
features unknown to the older collections. In 
the infancy of the movement such congrega- 
tions as saw good to use the collection of 
Madan, or Toplady, or De Courcy, or any 
other, did so without any question as to the 
legality of the use of hymns in the services of 
the Church With the growth of the move- 
ment came also opposition thereto ou this point, 
thereby causing many compilers to vindicate 
their position and proceedings by elaborate 
prefaces; or to stamp their work with oaouf 
authority by a quotation from Queen Eliza- 
beth's Injunctions to the Clergy, 1559, or by a 
formal dedication to the bishop of the diocese 
in which the book was published. This oppo- 
sition reached its climai in 1819. In that 
year the 8th ed. of Cotterill's Selection, a large 
book issued at a high price, called forth a 
storm of opposition on the part of his congre- 
gation at St. Paul's, Sheffield, upon whom he 
tried to force the book. This opposition waa 
strengthened by outside feelina. until nothing 
was left but an appeal to the Diocesan Court 
at York for a legal decision. Before the trial 
came on, Archbishop Harcourt suggested a 
compromise to the effect that the Selection 
should be withdrawn, that another should be 
compiled, each hymn in which should be sub- 
mitted for his approval, and that the work 
should be dedicated to Mm. This waa done, 
and the result was A Selection of Psalmt and 
Hymn* for PuWto Worthip. London. Printed 
for T. Cadeil, in the Strand, 1820. ' For forty 
years this Sel. continued in use in numerous 
churches in the North of England. Cotterill's 
fame, however, as a compiler is associated with 
the suppressed book of 1819. It did more than 
any other collection in the Church of England 
to mould the hymn-books of the next period ; 
and nearly nine-tenths of the hymns therein, 
and usually in the altered form given them by 
Cotterill, or James Montgomery who assisted 
him, aro still in C. IT. in G. Britain and 
America. A comparison of this edition with the 
seven editions which preceded it suggests that 
this honour is largely due to the assistance 
rendered by Montgomery. 

Another feature which was new to the hymn- 
books, was the recognition of the fact that the 
Church of England used a Book of Common 
Prayer, and that the hymn-book in use in the 
same Church should be a companion thereto. 
The three books which hold a prominent posi- 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OP 

tion in this respect are those by Basil Woodd, 
J. H. Stewart, and J. Kempthorne. Holy 
Baptism, Confirmation, the Saints' Days, &o., 
are all provided for, and the hymns are sys- 
tematically arranged under these respective 
headings. But by far the larger portion of 
the collections were on the old lines with a 
little more system in their arrangement. The 
best of these was Cotterill's suppressed edition 
of 1819. Basil Woodd's book was the Hymnal 
Companion of its day. 

In the selection of Purlin* during this period 
the renderings of J. Merrick and I. Watts 
were very much favoured, those by Tate and 
Brady, possibly because they were bound up 
with the Book of Common Prayer, being spe- 
cially ignored. Contemporary writers of psalm 
versions shared the same fate, and no new names 
were added- to the list of those whose produc- 
tions were embodied in the preceding period, 
except those of Basil Woodd in his own collec- 
tions. T. Cotterill, J. Cawood, J. D.Carlyle, Sir 
R. Grant, B. Heber, andW. Hum, were the most 
notable of the hymn-writers of this period. 
With the exception of Giant and Heber these 
writers do not take high rank. 

iii. Third Period. 1821-1850. 
This period was one of the most prolific in 
hymn-book compiling of any in the history of 
the Church of England. During the twenty 
years an average of over two distinct collec- 
tions came out every year. The highest num- 
ber was reached in 1833, when about ten 
collections were published within the twelvo 
mouths. As most of the hymn-books published 
during this period are referred to in the anno- 
tations of hymns throughout this Dictionary, 
we subjoin a list, which, although not complete, 
is yet sufficiently so for all practical purposes. 
Prom 1820-1830, we have :— 

1. A Jfem Marital Version of the Pi. of David with 
an Appendix of Seta* Pt. * By*. By Basil Woodd. 
Load., 1821. Indicated to the Lord Bishop of Durham. 

1. A Church of England Psalm-Book, or Portions of 
the Psalter adapted by Selectumt from the JV. and o. 
Versions to the Service of the Established Church, 4c, 
By the Rev. Kann Kennedy, a.m.. Minister of St. 
Pau1*i Chapel, Birmingham. London, I82t. 12th ed., 
1648. This book has running comments on various ex- 
pressions which occur In the psalms sod hymns. 

3. Sixty Ps, <B Byt. lit let, 1823. This contained 
nuny original hymns. Sets 2 & 3 were subsequently 
added. 4th ed., 1862. By E. G. Marsh. 

4. Ftolm* extracted, dc . * . Byt. for the principal 
fittivals, Ac. (let ed., ISM.) New ed. Ciaphim, 
ISM. [J, Venn. J 

5. Psalmt Original A Selected for Pub. Warship. 
George Mutter, 1825. Enlarged ed., 1841. 

«. A Churchman's Bymn Book, &c, Derby, Moiley. 
5th ed,, 182S. 

I . Byrnns, de. Bp. Heber. 1827 ; 4thed., 1826; nth 
ed., lea ; and later in England and India. 

8, Selection of Pt. &Bys.,dc. W. Hunn. Manchcs* 

tor, i ear. aided., isas. 

fl. Pt. £ Hyt. 3d. and arranged for Pub. Worship. 
Charles Bradley. London, 1828. 

10. A Set. of PS. * But, for (he use qf a Country con- 
gregation, &c. .- by a Clergyman. Basingstoke, 182s. 

II. Church ptal™ady. Compiled by a Clergyman^ 
family. London, 1829. This book was of a distinctly 
liturgical t^pe. 

12. A Set. of Ps. & Bys. for St. Mary's, Bryantton 
Square. London, 1839. 

13. A Mmttal of Parochial Psalmody. T. Hartwell 
Home. London. 1829, Dedicated to " William, Lord 
Archbishop of Canterbury. 1 * It has a long and Interest- 
ing Preface, and most elaborate " Arrangements " of 
psalms <M hymn*. 

14. Ihree hundred and jtfly portion* of Psalm? . . . 
with a Celt, of six Btmdrtd Bymns, do. Land., 1829. 
[joiiah Pratt's Coll.] 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, OH. OF 

IB. The PtaHmitt. Henry and John Gwytber. Bir- 
mingham, 1830. This contains nuny original hymns, 
also others new to the collection*. It was not reprinted, 
but had some influence on later works. 

IE. Ps. <t Bys. intended at a Supplement to the Jtoo 
Tcrrtm. Islington, 1B30. Enlarged In 1B41. By the 
Rev. Daniel Wilson. Jtwasfortnaoyyearstliefavourite 
Evangelical hymn-book In North London and district. 
Much of tM» popularity arose from the 1841 cd. borrow- 
ing extensively from Lyte. 

17. A Ctmrch B. B&. Being a Collection of Ft. A 
Bys. Derby, IBM. [By the Bev. Philip Gell.] 

IS. A CbU. of Ft. A Bys. chiefly designed for Pub. 
Worship. Bslper,18S6. fo the Eev. John Wakefield.] 

The most important of these was Pratt's 
CoU., 1829, not for its own intrinsic merits, 
nor for any marked influence which it had 
upon later compilations in G. Britain: but 
because of the great number of hymns which 
it supplied to American hymn-books published 
during the nest twenty years. In these books 
nearly all the hymns are of the old-fashioned 
type, and are arranged in the order of subjects 
with little or no provision for the minor festi- 
vals of the Church. Bp. Heber'a JJyritM, 
1827, were an exception, not only in the value 
of the hymns supplied and their arrangement, 
but also in adding the name of H. H. Milmttn 
to the roll of hymn-writers, and increasing 
his own reputation as a sacred poet 

From 1831 to 1840 the list is augmented 
by the following : — 

1. Pi. * Byt. for Pub. A Pritate Use. 1831, W. 
H. Bathuret. These are all original. The 13*2 ed. le a 
reprint. 

a. Chwch and Berne Psalmody, Ac. T. J. Judkln. 
Load., 1831. All original compositions by Judkln. En- 
larged ed., 1843. Dedicated to " Thomas, Lord Bishop 
or Salisbury ." 

3. Pi. A Bys. Hngh Stowelt. Manchester, 1831. 
16th ed., 1817, was edited by his son ad A Sel. of Byt., &c. 

4. A Bel. qf Ptalmtfor ptttivalt, Ac. Thomas Mor- 
timer. London, 1831, This contains some original 
hymns for SalnuV days. It ran through several editions. 

6. AEtl.ofPt. A Syt.fbr Pub. worship. Preston, 
1*31. ISUt thousand, isri. By Mr. Baldwin, Vicar of 
Leyland, Preston. 

9. A Companion to the Prayer Book. London, 1831. 
This collection gives 4 hymna.fer each Sunday (On the 
Collect, with a second on the Sams for Evening ; on the 
Epistle ; and on the Gospel). Hymns for Saints' Days 
from Bp. Mant'g Biographical JVoEfcer of the Apottlts, 
to., and from J. Kerne's Christian Tear, were brought 
Into" congregational use through this book. A Selection 
from this book was pub. the same year. 

7. Festival and Communion Bye., Ac. Greenwich, 
1332. Compiled by tbe Bev. John Shepherd, Minister 
of the Dartmouth Row Chapel of Ease to Lewlsbaxn. It 
contains originals by the editor. 

B, A Sit. of Pi. A Bys. for Pub. Worship. Samuel 
Wllberforce. Load., 1831. Dedicated to "Charles 
Richard, Lord Bishop of Winchester.'' 

9. A Sti. of Artthemt, Ft. A Bys., Ac By the Rev. 
T. Underwood, Jon. Rosa, 1833. 

10. christian Ptaimody. E. Bicteretetb, 1833. Dedi- 
cated to " John, Lord Bishop of Lincoln." 

li. A CWt. qf Byt. for General Use, Ae. Lond., 
1833. The title on the back of this book Is A Church- 
man's Bjpnnt. Edited by W. W. Bull. 

12. Christian Ptaimody, comprising the Book of Pi. 
. . . and Cong. Bys. By J. C. Franks, Vicar of Hudders- 
flold. Buddersfield, 1833. 

13. ASA.tfPt.AB#t.iat*nde&forPab.Wi>rthip,A<>. 
By the Bev. W. Barnes, Rector off Richmond (Yorks.). 
1833. This selection gives a prose Introduction to each 
Psalm, and has a section of " Hymns founded chiefly on 
the Collects, Epistles, and Gospels for each Sunday In 
the Year." 

14-. A Set. of Pi. ABys. to be usedinBdgravc Chapel. 
Lond., 1833. 

IS. A Set. of P*. A Byt. adapted to the Services of the 
Church of England. Lond. tt Leeds, 1B33, This Is 
divided on tbe principle of the Psalter. Three hymns 
are given for each day of tbe month. There are also 
additional hymns for Special Occasions and Private Use, 

IS. A Coll. of p$. AByt [fori Bigh Wycombe, 

Bucks. By the Rev. J, C, Williams, High Wycombe. 
2nd ed., 1333. 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, OH. OF 335 

17. Ps., Bys. A Spiritual Songt, Ac., by Bev. E. D. 
Jackson, author of " The Crucifixion,'' and other Poetna. 
Manchester, 1833, 

IB. The (frtrit qf the Psalm. H. Y. Lyte. Lond., 
1834. 

19. the Weston Bymn Book. Lond., IBS*. This was 
complied by tbe Misses Harrison, of Weston, Sheffield. 
Weston House la now the Public Museum of Sheffield, 
J. Montgomery assisted In compiling, contributed to, 
and revised tbe proofs of this collection, 

50. Ft. A Byt. far Pub., Private A Social Worship. 
H. V. Elliott. Lond., 1836. Dedicated to the "Wd 
Bishop of Chichester." 

51. Byt.for Sundays A Festivals. H. Alford. Loud., 
1836, 

23. A Sel. of Pi. A Bys. chiefly adapted for Pub. 
Worship according to the Services of the Church of 
England. Edward Davles and John A Baxter. Lond., 
3rd ed., 1B3S, Dedicated to "Henry, Lord Bishop of 
Lichfield and Coventry," and very extensively used. 

23. Ps. A Byt. Adapted to the Servian of the Church 
of England. London, 1839. W. J. Hall, and known 
asthe "MltreH.Bk." Dedicated to " Charles James, 
Lord Bishop of London." 

ii. A Set. of Pi. <fc Bynau detracted from Variant 
Anthors,&c. Bungay,newandstereotypededitlon,l?33. 

S3. Christian .psalmody. Liverpool, 183), Compiled 
by several Clergymen of Liverpool, and reached to 13 
editions. 

SB. Ft. * Bymnt for Divine Service, <fce. By tbe 
Kev. Roger Carus Wilson, Vicar of Preston, Lancashire, 
183*. Dedicatedto"JobnBlrd,LordBishopofChester." 

17. A Sel. of Ft. * Byt., adapted chiefly to Pub. 
Wbrihip . . .qf the Church of England. John George 
Breay, b.a., Minister of Christ Church, Birmingham, 
and Prebendary of Lichfield. Birmingham, 1B37. 

ii. Ft. A Byt, Original and Selected. J. Holt 
Simpson, 1837. From the O. and. N. V., together with 
trt. by Bp, Mant, J. Chandler, and I. Williams. Hymna 
tiom.Vas BiHltth Xagarine first came into C. U. through 
this collection. 

29. A 3d. of Ft. a Byt. adapted to the Cte of the 
Church of St. Margaret, madntMirer. By. H. H. Mil- 
man. Lond., 1837. 

30. Psalmody for the Church; A Coll, of Ft. A Byt. 
arranged for Fwrlio Worship in the Churches and 
Chapelt throughout the Bectorv of Bath, sic., 1838. This 
was edited by the Bev. John East, 

31. A CWf. of Bj/t. for Fab. TVbrthip. J. H. Gur- 
ney. Lutterworth, 1838. 

32. A Sel. of Pi. a Byt. for Puti. Worship. Klrkby 
Lonsdale. [Cams Wilson family Dedicated to " John 
Bird, Lord Bishop of Chester," by " tbe Editors." Tbe 
12th ed. is dated 1B33. 

33. A Book of Generat Ptalmedy. William Carus 
Wilson. Kirkby Lonsdale, 1833, 2nd ed., 184S. This 
book contains much new matter taken In many Instances 
from current magazines. 

31. A Ed. of Ft. A Bgt. Norwich, 1839. This was 
for some Urns the authorised book of the Diocese. 

36. The Church o/ England Bymn Book, D. T. K. 
Druunnond, and E. K. Oreville, Edinbutgb, 183«. 
Dedicated " To tbe Archbishops and Bishops of the 
Established Church of England and Ireland." 

38. Ft. A Byt. for Bugby Parish Church. Rugby, 
1838. Edited by the Rev. H. J. BuckolL 

37. Ps. A Eys. W. Vernon Harcourt, York, IBM, 
Dedicated to his father the Archbishop. 

38. .Pi. <B Byt. for the Ute of the Church at Accring* 
ten. By Rev. J. Hopwood, tbe Incumbent. Accring* 
ton, 1B40. 

33. Ft. A Byt. Selected and adapted to the purposes 
qfpub. Worship. By Rev. E.Scobell, Incumbent of St. 
Peter's, Yere Street ; and Evening Lecturer of the . 
Parochial Church, St. Mary-le-Bone. 4th ed., 1840. 

10, Ft, A Byt, adapted to the Services of the Church 
according to the use qf the United C&urelt qf England 
A Ireland; and olio to Private Beading. Designed to 
incorporate those Betrieal Version! ofptoJmt, and those 
Bymnt ^aooc« 400) toRfcA. have received Eoyal, Archie* 
pitcopal, and Episcopal Sanction. By the Bee. Jere- 
miah Smith, 3I.A. r Vicar of Long Bnckby, Northampton- 
shire, and Prebendary of Lichfield. London, c. 1*40. 
fltb ed., 1861. The Tnoae adopted In the compiling of 
this book anticipated to some extent that which guided 
Bishop Blckeretetb in editing the Hymnal Companion, 
1870. The first sought out "Royal, Arcblcpieconal, 
and Episcopal" sanction ; the second, the use made of 
hymns by former editors. 

Of these collections the most noticeable were 
StotueJr*, 1831; Bathitnfs book, 1631 ; Bidt- 
tmtetl,\ 1833; Lytc'i, 1831; EttwytCi, 1835; 



336 ENGLAND flYMNODT, CH. OF 

and the MUre, 1836. StowelTs book follows 
the order of Common Prayer in its broader 
features, bat did not provide for the minor 
festivals. With additions by his son it is still 
in use. Bathnrst's book was entirely his own 
composition, as was also the Spirit of the 
Ptalnu, by Lyte; and both were important, 
not as hymn-books, bnt as fresh stores of ori- 
ginal compositions. Eickersteth's colleotion 
was a great success. It was very much an 
imitation of Cotterill's suppressed edition of 
1819; bat upon broader lines, and a some- 
what different arrangement. His texts show, 
when altered from the originals, that be was 
largely indebted to Cotterill, Toplady, and the 
Wet. H. Bk. His researches in hymnody 
were beyond anything before attempted in a 
collection for congregational use in the Church 
of England, and, especially in the enlarged 
edition of 1841, partook in this respect largely 
of the character of the best modern hyum-books. 
His ascriptions of authorship given in the in- 
dex are generally correct with regard to the 
leading writers ; bnt with the more obscure he 
is often in the wrong. Notwithstanding that 
it lacked the rich productions of later writers, 
it was the best Evangelical hymn-book of the 
Church until " compiled anew," as Ptalmt and 
Hymns bated on the Christian Psalmody, in 
1858; and then entirely superseded by the 
Hymnal Companion, of 1870-76, both workB 
being by his son, Dr. Bickersteth, Bishop of 
Exeter. Elliott's collection, 1835, was another 
Evangelical book of some importance. Its 
chief historical interest lies in the fact that it 
was mainly the channel through which Mar- 
tin Madan's altered text of Watts, Wesloy, 
and others, came into modem hymnals ; and 
that in it some of his sister Charlotte's finest 

S reductions were given to the Church. Hall's 
litre was a book of another kind, and con- 
tained a greater proportion of original hymns 
than any collection tlien in use, fifty being 
by E. Osier alone. It was the outcome of 
bugges lions and complaints against existing 
collections made to him as Editor of the Chris- 
tian Remembrancer. The Psalms were grouped 
together as in the older books ; and the hymns 
Were arranged in the order of the Book of 
Common Prayer, with the omission of nil the 
Saints' Days, and Morning and E vening hymns. 
It liad the repute of being " High Church " ; 
a most unaccountable reputation in the face of 
these omissions. Its psalms and hymns, ex- 
cept in one or two instances, never exceeded 
four stanzas, and the texts, except in the new 
hymns, were the most mutilated in existence. 
With all these drawbacks it attained to a cir- 
culation of four million copies. Possibly its 
approval by and dedication to Dr. Bloinfield, 
Bishop of London, had much to do with this 
success. 

The number of hymn-books put forth during 
this period, together with tht increase of writers 
and new compositions, testifies most emphati- 
cally and eloquently of the growth of religious 
life throughout the Church. Services were 
becoming brighter and more animated and 
cheerful, and a stronger and healthier life was 
manifesting iteelf on every hand. The law- 
suit instituted against Cotterill in 1819, and 
the suppression of his book, bad also pointed 
out a danger on the one hand to which com- 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OF 

pilers had to give heed, whilst the dedication 
of his revised book of 1820, "To the Most 
Reverend Edward liord Archbishop of York," 
indicated the remedy on the other. Omitting 
the Welsh dioceses, these dedications included 
the two Archbishops and most of the Bishops 
of the Provinces of Canterbury and York. 
The remedy was found in these episcopal im- 
primaturs. Under these circumstances it is 
not surprising to find the use of hymns spread- 
ing rapidly throughout the Church ; but it is 
curious to read in the preface of the Bungay 
Pt. & Hy&„ 1836, " The position of titling, loo 
common in our congregations, admits of no de- 
fence," and to find the statement followed by 
an argument in defence of standing during the 
singing of the hymns. Tins protest was re- 
peated in various collections of this period, but 
is not found later on. 

From 1810 to 1850 the hymn-books pub- 
lished included : — 

1. OH. if Hys. including Versions of Psalms, Ac., 
by John A. La Trobe, London, 1841. 

2. Hut. Set. for the Uu of the Weaver Churches. 
Sandbaeb, U41. 2nd ed., 1845. Dedicated to "John 
Blid, Lord Bishop of Chester." 

3. Hys. *I.Ar the Parish of Sanddach. By tho Rev, 
J. T t nth ma. Sandbaeb, JS41. Contains several of J. 
Chandler's trs. from Che l^tin, and also originals by tho 
editor. This is the same book as the preceding, adapted 
by the Editor for use la bis own parish. 

4. lhe church Pialm Book. A Set. from the Old, Xcw, 
and other Versions, with Hys. for the principal JfcWi- 
vals, Ac. By tbeBev. S. Rowe, 11. a.. Vicar of Crcdlton, 
Devon. Plymouth, «h ed., 1842 (1st ed. dr. 1834). 

6. Ps. A Hys., adapted to the Sundays A Hotgdayt 
throughout the Tear, Ac. H. Alford. London, 1844. 

6. Hm Praise of God. By T. BagnaU. Baker. London, 
IS44. Many original hymns by the Editor. 

T. Introits and Collect Hut. A. Brown. Loud-, 1E45. 

8. Original Ps. A Hys. for the Use of Churches. By 
Nathaniel Meercs. 1848, 

8. Hys.for the Fasti A Festivals, Issued for the Use 

' St. Stephen's, Camden 2£umi. Camden Town, 1840, 
'his book reproduced some of the Saints' Days hymns 
from Q. Witber's Hut. it Songs of the Church, 1623. 

10. A Set. at Hys. for rub. and Private Use, cte. T. 
M. Fallow. London, 1847. 

11. pi. A Byt. Original A Selected, *c. Richard 
Shutte. London, 1847. 

12. A Set. if Pe. A Hys., with Supplement. C, S. 
Bird. Gainsborough, 1S4S. The 16 hymns In the Sup- 
plement are by tbe Editor, 

13. Ps. .A Hue. Set. and reeised for Pub. Worship, 
with several Original*, jtty the Rev. James Kelly, M.A., 
Minister of St. Peter's Jfyiscopal Cttapel, Queen's Square, 
St. James' Parte, London, 1849. 

14. Iniroits * Eye, for use in Margaret St. Chapel, 
x.d. [1849]. This developed Into Hys. A Introits. 1852. 

15. Ps. A Hys, for the Sanctuary, Jtwaiiy Altar, and 
Closet. By the Rev. John C. Miller, M.a., Sector of 
St. Martins, Birmingham. Land., 184B, 

IS. Church Hymns, or Hys. for the Sundays, Festivals 
and other Seasons of the Ecclesiastical year as observed 
in the church of England. Compiled with an Introduce 
tlon by Henry Stmtton, W.A., Oxon., Perpetual Curate 
of Hiion, Diocese of Lichfield. Lond,, i»5o. This 
collection has a long and good Introduction, and draws 
largely from J. Chandler's and 1. Williams's trt. from 
the Latin. 

IT. Hys. for the Services of the Church, arranged 
according to the Seasons and Holydays of the Christian 
Fear. London, I860. This collection consists almost 
entirely of trs. from the Latin by J. Chandler, Bp. 
Mant, and 1. Williams. It was compiled by the Rev, 
Joseph Oldknow, of Holy Trinity, Bordesley, Birming- 
ham. 

18. A Hymn Book for theutciif Churches A Chapels, 
London, 1850. Contains Introits and trs. from the Latin, 
especially those by E. Caswall. 

19. TheBookof Common Praise. London, 1850. 

30. A sel. of Ps. A Hys. By the Rev. H. K, Cornish, 
Vicar of Bakeweil, Derbyshire. London, 1850. 

The only book in this group which had any 
influence of importance upon later collections 
was that by Atford, 1814, and this arose prin- 



Th 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OF 

eipally through his anginal compositions in- 
cluded therein. 

These twenty years were not only fruitful 
in hymn-writers and hymn-books ; but during 
the later half of this period a new departure 
in hymnody took place which has revolution- 
ised the whole system of hymn-writing and 
hymn-book making. Keble's Christian Year 
was gradually raising the poetical standard, 
and awakening rewewed interest in the Book 
of Common Prayer, and the Fasts and Festi- 
vals of the Church, when that interest was 
intensified hy the Tract* for the Time*, the 
controversies which arose therefrom, and, from 
a hymnological point of view, by the transla- 
tions of Latin hymns from the Soman Breviary 
hy Dr. (now Cardinal) Newman, Bp. Maut, 
W. J. Copeland, B. Caawall, and others ; and 
from the Paris Breviary, by L Williams and 
J. Chandler. These translations were a new 
revelation to the Church, which dazzled some 
and grieved others. Upon the hymn-books of 
this period they came too late to have more 
than a modified effect, in the next they moulded 
many and influenced all. 

The leading Church writers and translators 
of this period were : — 

H. Alford, J. Aratice, W. K. Batburst, J. Chsndler, 
W. J. Copeland, Mtas Cox, J. Ednieston, C. Elliott end 
other members of her fcmily, W. H. Havcrgal, Bishop 
Hober, J. Keble, H. F. Lyte, Bp. Mint, H. H. Milman. 
Dr. Newman (before be seceded), E. Osier, H. Stowell, 
L Williams, J. H. Gurney, and others. 

iv. Fourth Period. 1851-1860. 

The collections published during these ten 
years were in many respects widely different 
in character to any tbat preceded them, or that 
came after. Although each book was distinct 
in itself, yet they may be grouped with com- 
parative ease. The work of translating from 
the Latin, revived in the former period by Bp. 
Mant and others, already noticed, was earned 
on with grout vigour and success, especially by 
W. J. Blew, J. M. Nealo, J. D. Chambers, and 
others. Tlie translations from the German by 
Miss Cox, 1841, and H. J. Buckoll, 1842, wero 
greatly augmented by A. T. Russell, R. Massio, 
Miss Borthwick and her sister, Mrs. Findlater, 
and Miss Winkworih. In addition to purely 
English sources, valuable material was thus fast 
accumulating ; material which on the one hand 
had the impress of ancient use, and on the 
other records of the storm of the Reformation, 
and the calm that followed. Gradually the 
Dissenting element, which up to this period 
constituted nearly two-thirds of the total con- 
tents of the hymn-books in use in the Church 
or England, gave place, in some cases alto- 
gether, and in all cases to a very great extent, 
to the Latin and German, and to new hymns 
of a higher and more definite Church tone. 
This work of reconstruction was aided ma- 
terially by the Church periodical literature of 
the day, not the least important being the 
Eocletiologist, and The Pariih Chttreh Clwir. 
Taken chronologically the hooks issued during 
this period were : — 

I. Pt. A Hys. far Pub. Worihty. Set. for tome of 
the Cntivcaet in JtitryUbont, 18B1. C. Baring, T. (Jar- 
nler, and J. H. Guraey, commonly knows as the Mary* 
tebone Collection, 

S. Choir Sottas at the Church 0/ St. John the Ban- 
tilt, Burley ntle. Ringwooa, 2nd cd., 185!, 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OF 337 

3. The .Hy*™! Noted, IBM and ISM. 

4. ft. it Hys. for the use of Bugby Pariih Church, 
1861, [J. .Moultrie. J Contains sever*) originals. It 
was baaed upon the collection made by H. J, Buckoll 
for the same Church in 1839. 

5. Pi. £ Hy*., partly Original, Partly Selected for 
the Use 0/ the ChurCh of England. By A. T. Russell, 
Sic., 1831. This collection is especially noticeable for its 
trt. from tbe German. 

6. A Hymnal far Use in the English Church, 1861. 
[F. H, Murray.] This Is sometimes known u Motley's 
Bymnal, irotR tbe Publisher, and again as Murray'! 
Hymnal from tbe Editor. It was withdrawn in 1B61 In 
favour of H.A.AM. 

I, Jne Church J^nn A Tune Book. By W. J. Blew, 
1852. Principally trt. from the Latin. 

8, Ihe English Hymned, or a By. Bk. far the Use of 
the Church of England, Ae. Lond., Parker, law. 
and ed., 1856 ; 3rd, mi. This is James A. Johnston's 
Bymnal. Most of tbe trt. from the Latin are by the 
Editor. Those In the latter editions differ materially 
from the nut. 

9, Byt.for the Sunday* A Holy Dayt of the Church 
of jEWotond, By J. R. Woodford (q. v.), 1851. 2nd 
ed., 1SSS. 

10. Hy*. A Introiti, By Q. C. White, 1351, 1S5S 
1861. 

11. Hyi. S. P. C. X„ 19*2, enlarged as pt, A Hys., 
18SS) 1st Appendix, 1B63; 2nd, 186B. Superseded by 
Church Hymns, 1B71- 

12. Ihe Church Bymnal. Load., J. WbitsVer. IB62, 
It was "issued tn the first instance in fasciculi, and 
used In the Churches of tbe Editors," the Rev. William 
Cooke, and the Rev. William Denton, "that the prin- 
ciple on which it was based, and tbe bymna It contained, 
might be tested by experience." It -was pub, in 1SH, 
2nd en. 1855, and had a large circulation. &pecia] Suppler- 
menit wens added, in some Instances by others, for local 
use. The altered texts, and they arenot few, are mainly 
by Canon Cooke. 

13. A Set. of Pi. <fc Hys., Arranged for the Public 
Service! of tte Church of England. By the Bev. C. 
Kemble. Lond., 1BS3. This collection was used exten- 
sively for many years. In 1913 It -was superseded by 
The jVou Chunk H. Bk. by the same Editor. 

11 Ps. A Kyi. for Pubtic Worthip. By the Rev. J, 
F. Thrupp, Cambridge, 1853: 2nd ed, undated and a 
reprint only. This -work contains a great number of 
originals by tbe Editor. 

15, Hyt, 0/ the Catholic Church. Stratford-on-Avon, 
1853. 

16, Hys. for the Vie of St. John the Baptist, Oxford, 
1864. Tliis collection was issued as the MsrtanH. Bk. 
in 1B66, and as The parochial H. Bit., 1866. 

II. We Church Psalter A H. Bk„ *c. By the Kev. 
W. Mercer. Lond., 1B61, I960 ; rearranged Oxford ed., 

1864. 

1 8, Fs. ,& Ilytrfor the use of the Church of England 
at Home and in the Colonies. Rev. J, W. Colenso, 1854. 

10. Pt. A IJyi., compiled by the Bev. T. B. Morretl 
and the Ren. W. W. Bow. 1934; enlarged ed., 1864; 
Supplement, 1S67. 

20, Symmetrical Ftahnady ; or. Portions of the Pt, 
and other Scriptures, translated into Metrical Stantas 
with corresponding accentt in corresponding Versetfar 
Musical Ute. By the Rev. W. V. Harconrt. Lond., 
I80G. One of the moet curious and eccentric books 
known to hymnody. 

21. A Church Plotter & Hymnal, Ac, By the Rot, 
E. Harland, 1S5S : Supplement, 1S83 ; followed by an 
enla-Tged edition, undated, and a second Supplement in 
1816. 

32. A B^/mn Book for the Servicct of the Church and 
for Private Beading. Oxford k Lond., 1855 ; 2nd ed., 
1851; 4th, enlarged, 1981. This 1b tbe Bev. Isaac 
Gregory Smith's collection, and to It he contributed 
several originals. 

23. flfcj. for Cte in Church. By the Rev. H. W. 
Burrows, 1855. Late Fellow of St. John's, Oxford. 

2a. Ft. A Byt. for Pub. A Social Wbrihip. By the 
Rev. E, Walker, Vicar of Cheltenham, IBIS. To this Dr. 
Walker added an Appendix ; and the Bev. C. D. Bell 
a iccond Appendix, in 1879. This is known as the 
chdtenham tvtt. It contains a great number of 
hymns by Plymouth Brethren writers, including those 
of Dr. Walker's brother-in-law, J. G, Deck. 

25. Pt. ,fc Hys, for the Sanctuary, family-Altar, anil 
Closet, fiel. by the Rev. John C. Miller, d.j>,. Rector 
of St. Martin's, Birmingham, 1B5S. (Later ed. of No. 1* 
on p. 336,11.) 

36. A rbmmon Psalter, 18*8. Compiled by the Rev. 
William Harrison, n.a.., Oxford, 1B32, Sometime Rector 
of Birch, Colchester, and Hon. Canon of Rochester. 



338 ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OF 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, OH, OF 



it. The Winchester Church B. Bit. Winchester and 
London, 1851. 

*8. The SaHibury B. Bk. Edited by Esrl Nelson, 
1851. 

2ft. fiyt. for the Church of Bngland. Lond-, 185 1. 
This l» the Kev, T. Darling's collection. It was en- 
larged and altered several times. The latest ed. is 1887. 

30. Word* of the Congregational Bymn <8 Tune Book. 
1851. This was subsequently revised and Issued as 
The Bymnai, *S (A* ««". -K. *■ Owns, 1*82. 

31. /■«. <i J/y«. tKued on the Christian Psalmody, Ac. 
1858. Vnia is the Rev. E. H. Btckersteth's revision cf 
bis father's collection of 1833. 

32. Eye. for the Use qf a parish Church* Hotiiton, 
1858. By the Rev, J, F. Mackarness, Rector of Honlton, 
1B55-1888 ; Bo. ot Oxford, 1879. 

33. Hyi. /or Me Cftritifan fltawni. Gslnsourgh, 
1854. Edited by the Rev. B, T, Lowe, Lea, Lin- 
colnshire. 

34. Ps. £ Bys. Sel. for Pub. Worship «i the church 
of England. Bedford, 1859. 

35. We ShUling B. Bk., 1859. By the Eev, IV, 
Stone, Vicar of St. Paul's, Haggerston. 

aa. Pa. it Hys.forPub. Worship. By the Rev. H. H. 
Wyatt, sometime Ineumoeot of Holy Trinity Chapel, 
Brighton, and in 1888 Bettor of Conington, Peterborough, 

3T, A Church Bymnai for Parochial VK. 1859. 

38, The DMnt Bymndl. A CoB. of By*, of Direct 
Btimagefor the Use of the Chtunh. By A. K. B. G[ran- 
vtlle]. 1860. 

39. Bys. and Anthems for the Services of the Church. 
1SSS0. 

to. J»s. far Pub. Worship. By the Rev. A. Wolfe. 
1880. Lady Margaret Preacher at Cambridge in that 
year, and To IBB) Rector of Fornham All-Siints, Bury 
St, Edmunds. 

41. Bys. for Fob. Worship and Private Devotion (in 
use at S. Raphael's Church, Bristol). By A. H. \V. 
[Arthur Hawkins Ward, of Pembroke College, Cam- 
bridge, b.a., 1855.1 Bristol, 1880. 

48. Bys. for Pub. Worship, &c. Cir.1880. ByRev.W, 
Knight. Sometime Secretary of the Clmrch Hiss. Soc., 
and "in 1887 Rector of Pitt Portion. Tiverton. 

43. Parochial Psalter and B. Book. By J. Robinson, 
1868. 

This list allows that one or two editors, its 
Kemble, repeated the old order of things, whilst 
others, as in the case of Dr. Oldknow and the 
Hymnal Noted, went to the other extreme, the 
first in almost, and the second in entirely 
ignoring English hymns. The middle course 
adopted by the majority were of two types, 
the one where English and ft* from the 
Latin, with here and thero a tr. from the 
German, were the role, as in Murray's Hym- 
nal, 1852, and the Cooke and Denton Churcli. 
Hymnal, 1853; and the second, where the 
proportions of Latin and German were re- 
versed, aa in A. T. Russell's Ps. <£ Hm., 
1851, and Mercer's Ch. Psalter and H. Bk., 
1854. Of all these collections issued during 
this period, at its close, in popularity and 
extenrivenesa of use Mercer's took the lead. 
This period was also marked hy a some- 
what strict adherence in the arrangement of 
the hymns to the order of the Book of Com- 
mon Prayer ; by tho introduction of the printing 
of the words and the music together ; and by 
the almost entire discontinuance of dedications 
to the Bishops. The translators and original 
writers of tins period include : 

J. M. Seale, W, J. Blew, J. A Johnston, J. R. 'Wood- 
ford, W. Cooke, J. F. Thr^pn, W. Mercer. W. W. How, 
E. Harland, I. G. Smith, TV Darling. E. H. Blekersteth, 
A. K. B. Granville, Earl Nelson, J. Kebte, and others, 

v. Fifth Period, Hymnt Ancient and Modern, 
1861. 
The state of matters hymnological at the 
close of the last period was somewhat chaotic. 
Blew's admirable collection was a dead letter. 
The Hymnal Noted had an exceedingly limited 
circulation. Collections of tho type of Mur- 



ray's Hymnal, and the Cooke & Denton selec- 
tion were too mock alike to ensure success to 
either. Mereer's held on its way triumphantly : 
whilst Kemble with others of the same sohool, 
as CotterSl, Blekersteth, Coras Wilson, the 
Pt. & Hyi. of E. H. Bickersteth, Stowett, the 
S. P. 0. K. Ps. & Hyt., and a host of others 
(enumerated above) were in use in more than 
two-thirds of the chapels and churches of the 
Church of England. Outside of the hymn- 
books much hymnological work had also been 
done, notably by Dr. Neale, with the Latin ; 
A. T. Russell, Hiss Cox, R. Massie, Mies Borth- 
wick. Miss Winkworth, and others with tho 
German ; and Alfard, Keble, Churton, Mrs. 
Alexander, Mrs. Toke and others, too numerous 
to name, in original compositions. At the open- 
ing of this period those who favoured the Hym- 
nal Noted line of hymnody were content to let 
their work alone. The other extreme, having 
the command of nearly three quarters of the 
parishes in the land, were also satisfied with 
what they had done. It was with the inter- 
mediate party of the Murray, Hymnt and 
Introiis, and Cooke and Denton school that 
the greatest difficulty was found. The diffi- 
culty, however, was the mother of a magnifi- 
cent success. The leaders in this movement 
saw that a large mass of Churchmen were 
prepared, through the hymnological work of 
the former period, for something hymnological 
of a moderate, definite, and popular character, 
and on the new lines which circumstances had 
been shaping for some five and twenty years. 
On the understanding that several books then 
in ubo were to be withdrawn in favour of a new 
work, a syndicate of the holders of the copy- 
rights of those hymn-books, and others in- 
terested in hymnology, was formed, and in 
1859 the trial copy of the new adventure was 
distributed amongst its supporters. It bore 
the simple title Hymns, It consisted of 130 
compositions, 121 of which were old and in 
other collections. Of the remaining 9, 5 were 
translations by the Compilers and 4 were new 
original hymns. The note which accompanied 
these Hymns indicated the object of the collec- 
tion and its use, and explains the absence of all 
sacramental and most festival hymns : — 

" These hymns are printed for temporary use, and aa 
a specimen, still open to revision, of the Hymn Book 
now in course of preparation by a committee of Clergy- 
men, the publication of whloh has been postponed to Ad- 
vent, 1888. Some of these bymns, such aa Bishop Ken's 
morning and evening bymns, will ultimately be given 
more fully; and of some only the first lines are now 
Inserted for want of space. The book will probably 
contain about 308 hymns \ ample provision being made 
for Baptism, Confirmation, Holy Communion, Saints' 
Days, Harvest Festivals, School Feasts, Funerals, Fast 
and Thanksgiving Days, Missions, 6c. . , , Any sugges- 
tions -will be gladly received by the Secretary of the 
Committee, tbe Eev. Sir Henry Williams Baker, Bart." 

When the hook was published in 1861 aa 
Hymns Ancient and Modern, 18 of tho 130 
hymns in this trial copy were omitfed, and 
others were more or less altered. The work 
(not counting parts) contained 273 hymns. Of 
these 132 were from the lAtin, 10 from the 
German, 119 were English, and already in use, 
and 12 were new original hymns. Of the 
132 from the I^tin, 116 were altered, 33 being 
from Neale, 29 from Chandler, 17 from Cas- 
wall, 11 from I. Williams, and the rest from 
about a dozen translators. Sir H. W. Baker 
contributed G now translations, the Compilers 5, 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OP. 

ftnd 5 were given unaltered torn others. The 
translations from the German were by Miss 
Winkworth, Miss Cox, and Sir H. W. Baker, 9 
being old, and 1 new (by Sir Henry). Of lie 
English hymns, 92 were old hymns altered, 26 
old hymua not altered, 10 new hymns by Sir 
H. W. Baker, 1 new by Mr. Whiting (much al- 
tered), and 1, also new, by Mr. Chatterton Dix. 
The new element in the book was represented, 
therefore, by 11 translations from the Latin, 
1 from the German, and 12 original hymns. 
The alterations of the translations were mainly 
by the Compilers ; but those of the English 
hymns they inherited for the most part from 
former editors. Nothing in the arrangement 
of the book was new, and the doctrinal stand- 
point was below several of the hymn-books 
which preoeded it and about which little or 
nothing had been said. That a collection of 
hymns, thus constituted, should have been so 
much lauded, is as astounding as that it should 
have been so much abused. Its success was un- 
paralleled in the history of hymnology, Watts 
and the We*. B. Bk. alone excepted. This, 
success arose from many causes. The book 
was published simultaneously with the with- 
drawal of others which had been its forerunners, 
and it was immediately adopted by many of 
the clergy who were pledged thereto. Its 
title was also one of the most happy ever 
adopted for a book. A great wave of religious 
enthusiasm was passing over the Church, and 
things old and primitive were esteemed of 
great value. Men were beginning to long for 
something of the old way of thinking, and 
fragrant with the old flavour. To get, there- 
fore, a collection of "Hymns Ancient and 
Modern," was to gratify this longing, in utter 
ignorance of the fact that everything therein 
that was old had been at the threshold of their 
houses years before. The one word Ancient 
in the title was a magician's wand. The 
music was also an element of success of no 
mean importance. The title of the book was 
repulsive to Dissenters, but the musie was 
attractive : and in addition to a vast sale in the 
Church of England, it soon found its way into 
a large number of chapels in England and else- 
where as a tune book solely for use with other 
collections. In a dozen years from its publica- 
tion not twenty hymns as given therein were 
sung in thousands of churches and chapels, 
where at the same time not twenty tones therein 
were unsung in the same plaoeB of public 
worship. Another, and that not the least, im- 
portant element of its success was the abuse 
which was heaped upon it. Apart altogether 
from the party spirit of those attacks, the 
hymnological ignorance of the critics was some- 
thing astounding. But it helped the cause 
which they intended to hinder, and drew at- 
tention to a work, which but for them, would 
have remained unknown to a large multitude 
of people. 

vi. Sixth Period. 1862-1887. 

The hymnological works which followed 
the publication of H. A. & M. were, omitting 
reviews and pamphlets which were numerous : 
1st, Works on Hymnody ; 2nd, Collections not 
for Congregational twe/ 3rd, Nea editions of 
old books and appendtctt, and 4th, Independent 
Collections. 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OF 339 

1. Works on Hymnody. — The contributions 
of Dr. Neale, Mrs. Charles, and others to hym- 
nological history during the former period, and 
the spirit of inquiry created by the publica- 
tion of Hi A.&M., were followed by numerous 
magazine articles, pamphlets, and works of 
various designs and degrees of excellence both 
within the Church and amongst Nonconfor- 
mists, as Mr. Biggs's Annotated H. A. <fc X., 
1S67 ; his English Hymnody, and his Songs of 
other Churches; Dr. Littledale's and Dr. 
Neale's Its. from tho Grees: with accompany- 
ing notes; the Lyras of Mr. Qrby Shipley: 
translations from the German by Miss winlt- 
warth, Miss Borthwick and others;, original 
compositions by various persons ; the hymno- 
logical researches of D. Sedgwick, Josiah 
Miller (Singers and Songs of the Church), and 
Major Crawford in England, and Dr. Hatfield, 
Professor Bird, and others in America; the 
later works on Latin hymus of Daniel, Mane, 
Wackernagel, Ac, in Germany; and the re- 
prints of the Mistals of Sartan, York, St. 
Andrews and Hereford, &c, and the Latin 
Hymns of the Anglo-Saxon Church ; these pub- 
lications and many besides in Great Britain, 
Germany, and America, produced a wealth of 
material and an accuracy of text which were 
unknown to the Compilers of H. A, <E M. in 
1861, and became available to them and others 
in after years. 

2. CoUection* not for Congregational wee. — 
The leading works of this kind, and those 
which had the greatest influence upon the 
books published after H. A. & M. were ; — 

L. Lyra Eucharistiea i By*, it Vertet on the Boly 
Communion Ancient & Modem, with other Poem*. 1863. 
By the Bev, Orby Shipley, enlarged 18M, 

2. Lyra Hessianica.- Bys. £ Versa on the Life of 
Chritt, Ancient and Ifodern. With other Poenu. 1864. 
The same Editor, 

3. Lyra Myttica. 1865. The same Editor. 

I, The Sook of Praitttfram. the bat EngKeh Bymn 
Writers, Set. and Arrangctlby Rottndell Palmer, lasa. 
3rd ed. enlarged, 1867. 

5. Lyra Sritamntoa, A collection of Brtttoh Bymnt 
printed from the Genuine Ttxtt. With Biographical 
$hetchei of the BymnrKritert. By the Bev. Charles 
Rogers, ll.o., 16ST. This fu not a Church of England 
-work; but It assisted materially in restoring toe original 
texts of Church of England hymns. 

These works contribute much in many ways 
in farthering the interest of English Hymnody, 
the Book of Praise, especially, in drawing 
attention to the incomplete texts of most 
hyran-booksi and supplying the original read- 
ings, and the Lyras in furnishing translations 
from various sources. 

3. Supplement*, New Editions of Old Books, 
&c These supplements and reprints included 
the following: — 

1. An Appendix to the Bynutal Noted. By T. 1, 
Ball. 1st ed,, IBM, S13 hymns and 2 litanies; Undid,, 
IB63, 343 hymns; 3rd ed., 1867, 3!>f hymns { 6th ed., 
law, 371 hymns. The later editions are entitled Jfts 
Hymnal Noted, With Appendix revised and greatly 
enlarged. Mr. Ball Issued an additional Stt-mUment 
at Edinburgh in 1882, -which increased the total to B88 
hymns, a has also JntrottB, Graduate, Tracts, and 
Sequences " according to the Roman Use/' 

1. Appendix to thi S. P. C, X. Pi. <t Bye. 1863. 

3. lie Supplemental B. Bmlc. By the Bev. B. H. 
Baynes. 1866. 

4. The Appendix Bymmal. By the Rev. H. L. Nicbol- 
son. 186S, 

a. The Supplementary Bymnal. By the Bev. H. J. 
Palmer. 1SS6. 

6, Byt. Jor the Sjpeeiai Strvieei and JtsHvalt [In 
Chester Cathedral.] Two Parts. 186). 



340 ENGLAND HTMNODY, OH. OF 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, OH. OP 



J. Supplemental Hymn * Tune Book. 1861, 
Kev. R Brown-Borthwiek, 



By the 



8. Appendix to E. A.& Jf. 1B68. By the Compilers. 

3. J SaRpi™*ntaI j, ^fc. [to the 8. P, C. K. ft. & 
Bys,]. By Richard Harvey. 1888. 

10, -imwndia fe) if. A. & M. for St. Philip'*, Clerken- 
well, 1S63, This collection contains several original 
hymns by Mr. Whiting. 

11. Appendix to the 8. P. C. X. PI. £ Eys, IBS?. 

12. ^ppemttaj to The Hymnal for West Hackney. 
1S69. This contains the Rev. T. Hugo's original hymns, 

13, Appendix to the Hymnal Companion for the Use of 
Christ Church, Everton. By W. H. M. Altkea. 1872. 

It. .4 Awplemflttal Hymnal. 1873. By the Rev. 
W. Stone. It contains many of tbe Rev. S, J. Stone's 
bast hymns. 

1$. Appendix to E. A. & M. For the Uie of St, Mi- 
chael's, rbOattone, 1813. By the Bey. R Husband, 
It contains several original hymns by the Rev, a. Moul- 
trie, the Editor ami outers. 

IS. Hys. for Use in the Church of St. Ethelburga, 
Bithqptgate. 1873. This Is a special Appendix to the 
people' t Hymnal. 

17. Litany Appendix. By the Rev. T. B. Pollock. 
18*3. 

13. The Additional H. Bk. lsls. By the Rev. J. C. 
Ryle. This contains 300 hymns for Pub. Worship. 
Most of these are new to the collections, 

19. Supplement to Harland's Church Psalter and 
Bymnal(m&}. By Uwly Victoria Wellesley. 1876, 

20. Supplemental Eymns iC Tunes. 1882. By the 
Rev. E. Husband. Contains ordinals by the Editor. 

21. Appendix to the Eymnal Companion. 1884. For 
use In the Cheltenham Parish Church by Canon Bell, with 
originals by the Editor, 

32. Iht Hymnal. 1B63. By the Rev, B. B. Chops. 
An enlarged ed. of hlB Word* of the Cong. Ey. a Tune 
Bk. 1867. 

S3. By*. Set. from the Church Ey. £ Tune Bk. [J. 
AV. Slew's, 1862.] By the Rev. Howard Rice, Vicar of 
Sutton Courtney, Berks, isfo. 

21. Church Plotter & E. Bk. By the Rev. W. 
Mercer. Oxford ed., 138*. 

25. PS. i* Eys, for Pub. Worthip, Set. for the Uit 
of the Parish Churches of Islington. Enlarged ed., 
1862. 

26. Songs of the Church. A Supplemental Hymnal. 
1867. By the Rev. G. S. Jellicoe, Vicar of St. Peter's, 
Cborley, Lancashire. 

27. A Set. of Hys. tuited to the Services of the Church 
of England. By the (late) Rev. Hugh stovtell, U.A..&C, 
Manchester, 1817. This Is the 1Mb ed. of Stonell's Sel., 
and was edited by bis son, the Bev. T. A. Sfcowell. 

28. Savoy Bymnary. Chapel Royal, Savoy, h.d. Ap- 
pendix to The Hymnary. 

29. Supplemental Hy. * Tune Bk. 1874. By tbe 
Bev. A. E. Evans. 

3D. Supplemental Eymnal to H. A. A M„ 1876. Lin- 
coln, By the Rev. A, W. Hutton. 

Tliase numerous Appendices and Supple- 
mental Hymn-book* not only pointed out the 
weaknesses of the collections which, when 
published, were supposed to have been com- 
plete, but also brought to the front hytnn- 
writeis of great promise and sterling merit 
whose services have been utilized to the full 
in the latest hymnals, not only of the Church 
of England, but of Nonconformists also, 

4. Independent Collections. — These again 
are numerous : — 

1. Eye. Pitted la the Order of Common Prayer and 
Administration of the Sacraments, &c. 1861. By the 
Rov. F. Pott. 

2. Byt. Used at the Church of St. Thomas the Jfartyr, 
Oxford, isai. Enlarged ed., 1870. By tbe Rev. T. 
Chamberlain. 

3. Sfte (Sural E. Bk., Ps. <£ Bys. for Pub. and Pri- 
vate Vie, Ac. 1891. By the Rev. P. Maurice. 

4. Words of Eys. in the Appendix of the Brampton 
Metrical Psalter. 1861. By the Rev. W, J, Irons, 

Et. The Church <t Home Metrical Psalter d> Eynnal. 
By tbe Rev. William Wlndle, v. *., Rector of St. Ste- 
phen's, Walbrook, and St. Benet's. London, 1863. 

6. A Eymnal for Use in The Services of the Church. 
By the Rev. J. B. Trend, b.a., Fellow of St. Augustine's 
College. Canterbury. 1862, Tula contains several trs. 
from the Latin by Dr. Trend, the Father of the Editor. 

1. Symnt for the Cftttrcfc Services, Lincoln, 1863, 



Supplements, 18*7 and 1871. Edited by Prebendary H. 
W, button of Lincoln. 

8. Ps. is Bys, for the Church, School, and Borne, By 
the See. D. T. Barry, B.A., Incumbent of St. Ann's, 
Birkenhead, 1862; Rector of Fishier, Norfolk, 1886. 
This collection attained to extensive use. It was issued 
with a different arrangement in IBM, and an Appendix 
was added in 1871. In the latest edition tbe title la 
changed to The Parish Eymn Book, the title of the collec- 
tion pub. by the Bev, H, W. Beadon and others in 1863. 

9. A Book of Praise i or, Eys. for Divine Worship in 
the United Church of England J> Ireland, Ac, 1«62, 
By the Kev. A. Gurney. 

10. The Daily Sermce Hymnal. IBB3. By the Bev. 
James Skiunsr. The revised small type ed. of 1864 con- 
tained an article explanatory of Commemoration Days, 
and Introits and Anthems. 

11. The Parish H. Bk. 1963. By the Revs. H. W. 
Beadon, Ctreville PhHlimore, and J. B. Woodford, all 
of whom contributed original hymns. In 1876 it was 
enlarged from 107 to 374 hymns. 

13. Bymnologia OtrisUana : or, Ps. A Byt. selected 
A arranged in the order of the Christian Season*. By 
B. H. Kennedy. 1863. 

13, The Canterbury Eymnal. By the Rev. R, H. 
Baynes. 1863. 

U. A Book of Common Praise. 1663. 

16. Eys. Old and Hew. 1864, By the Rev, T. 
Davis. 

16. Bys. for the Useof the Parish Church of Atintry. 
By tbe Rev. G. R. Portal, M. a., Rector of Albury. 1861, 

IT. Hys. Jfeto and Old. 1864, By Lord Rollo. 

18. Hys. of Ike CftBrea of Gad. By the Rev. F. V. 
Mather, Perpetual Curate of St. l^aul's Church, Clifton; 
Chaplain to the Bp. of Gloucester & Bristol, 2nd ed., 
1864. 

18, X Book of Church Eys. 18et. Compiled for the 
Use of St. Saviour's, Clapham. It was adopted by 
several churches in the neighbourhood. It is found 
withachangeof title as Eys. for St. Saviour's, Clapham ; 
Holy Trinity, Clapham ; St. Michael's, Miteham, tc, 

36. A Sel. of Ps. A Bys. for Pub. Worthip. 1866. 
By the Rev. Abner W. Brown. 

31. Hys. of Prayer and Praise for the Services of the 
Church and for Private Devotion. Calne, 1866. 

22. Eys. for use in Church. By the Rev. W. J, 
Irons. 1866. An enlargement of his Appendix, 1 861. 

23. (Xntrch Song. A Compilation, of Ft, & Hy*, for 
Anglican Use. 1B66. By the Bev, W. J. Beaumont, 
Rector ot Cole^lrton, Diocese of Peterborough. 

34. The People's Hymnal, 1867. By the Bev, B. F, 
Llttledale. 

36. The Book of praise Hymnal. 1867, By Lord 
Selborne. 

26. Hys. of Prayer and Praise. 1867. By the Rev. 
S. F. Jones. Prepared for the Special Services in West- 
minster Abbey. 

27. The Tear of Praise. 1867. By the Rev, H. 
Alford. 

28. The UmpU CbuhA Hymn Book. Lond., 1867. 

29. The Sarum- Hymnal. 1868. By Earl Nelson, 
and the Revs. J. B. Woodford and E. A. Dayman. 

30. The St, Michael's Hymnal. Telgnmouth, 1868. 

31. The Bonchurch E. Bk. for use in .fuh. Worship, 
Devotional Meetings, and Sckodlt. By the Rev. J. G. 
Gregory, h.a., Rector, 1868. This has been superseded 
by A Set. of Hys. for use in fnintdnitcl Church, Eove, 
Brighton, 1669, by the same Editor. 

32. inn Anglican E. Bk. 186S. By the Rev, R. C. 
Shigleton. Revised and enlarged, 1871. 

33. Eymnal for the Church and Home, By tltt Rev. 
B. A. Marshall, h.a.. Incumbent of St. Cuthbert's, Car* 
lisle, 186B. 

34. Holy Song for All Seasons. 1866. A Selection 
of 631 hymns. Contains much not found in ether 
collections. 

36. selection! from a Hymnal suited for the Services 
of the Church, with tome Introits and Antiphons, and 
an Appendix. Privately printed by W. Knott, Greville 
St., Brook St., Holborn. £.C, 1869. This has three 
Appendices. 

36. The Hymnal Companion. 1870. By the Rev 
E. H. Bickersteth. 

37. The Hymnary. 1870. By the Revs. W. Cooke 
and B, Wsbb. Revised, 1872, 

38. Select Hys. for Church «s Home. 1871. Appendix 
1366. By the Rev, B, Brown-Borthwtck. 

36, Songs of Grace £ Glory for Private, Family, & 
Pub. Worthip. Hymnal treasures of the Church of 
Christ from the $th to the I9ta Century, By Charles 
B. Snepp, ll.m,, Vicar of Perry Barr. 1872. This col- 
lection In strongly Calyintotfc fn doctrine. It ts very 



ENGLAND HVMNODY, CH. OP 

Hch la hymn* of high merit, and not nsuaUy met with 
in modem bymn-booke. Miss F. R. Havergil wrote for 
It and assisted in its compilation. It his a separate 
Appendix, which brings the number of hymns to 1094. 
"(lie Indices tie very fill, and the ascriptions of Authors 
•ad dates are very accurate. 

«. Church Hymns, S. P. C. X. 1BJ1. 

41. tfjmn»/or tie t/« of We UnivtrtUy of Oxford 
in St. Mary's Church, Oxford, 1813. 

43, A Book of Litanies. Loud., Rivingtons. 1B14, 

43. Ift* Parish Hymnal, after the Order of the Beak 
of Common Prayer. IMS. BytbeRev. J. 5. B. MonselL 

44. Ps. * Hys. for the CfliircA, 18)3, 1816, 1884. By 
the Rev. W. J. Irons. 

43. IV St. Margaret's l^itul, 1875. This eoitsc- 
tkra, printed for St. Margaret's, East Grlnstead, is no- 
ticeable aa containing many hymns and trs. by Dr. 
Xeale not in other hymn-books. 

40. An Improved Hymnal. 1875. By Jofihiua W. 
Smith. 

47. A. Book qf Prayer i Praise. 1815. By the Rev. 
T. W. Fowls, k.a., Rector of blip, Oxford. 

48. TheNcwMitrt. 1819. By the Rev. W. J. Hall, 
x.a. A amall hook of 803 hymns, some originals by 
B. Cough and the Rev. S. Baring-Gould, and many from 
the Jfitrtof ISM. 

49. Hjftnns Ancient & Modem. Revised edition, 1875. 
bo. Ihe Churchman's Hymnal, A. Bk. of ifyt. Jtlted 

to the Order and Teaching qf the Bk. of Common 

Prayer. 1875. New ed. Id, m.d. Edited by the Rev. 

J, L, Porter, Vicar of St. John's, Ladywood, Birmingham. 
61. Hymnal Companion. Revised edition, 1875, 
SSL The Kueharistie Hymnal. 1811. Contains original 

hymns of the highest Anglican type. 

53. Common Fraite : Pt., Hys. A Spiritual Songs for 
utein the Church of England. 1519. The Church of 
England Book Society's collection. 

54. The Church of England H. Bk. By the Rev. 
G. Taring, 1880. Revised ed., 1883. 

&5. Hys., Anthems, dc, for Piib. Worship. Edited 
by the Rev. T. E. Powell for the Parish Church of 
Blsfcam. Contains several originate hy the Editor. 

65. Bys. for the Church catholie. 1582. Edited by 
the Rev. J. B. Whiting, Vicar of St. Luke's, Remsgate. 

51. Hy*. from the Ancient English Service Books, 
fonefAtr with Seqaenai from various teurcei. Re- 
printed from the Antiphoner A Grail. Privately printed, 
1882. The title an the cover of this small book Is The 
Eymner. The trt. are direct from the Latin without 
any modification whatever, the Invocation of Saints and 
other featured of a like kind being retained. The Anti- 
'phvner 4 Grail appeared in two parts in 1880. 

58. The Wtstmintter Abbey fljmw Book. Edited by 
the Rev. J. Troutbeck. 1883. 

59. The Berwick Hymnal. 1887. By the Rev. A, Vf, 
Oimrd, Vicar of St. Luke, Berwick St., London. 

60. The Altar Hymnal. A Bk. qf Sony for use at the 
Celebration qf the Holy Eucharist. 1884. Edited by 
Mrs. C, F. Hemaman. It contains milch original 
matter and several new trt. from the Latin hy Dr. Little- 
dale and others, 

61. The Universal Hymn Book, fce. By the Rot. A. 
J. Soden. 1885. 

61. Hymn Book for the Church a/ England. By the 
Rev.A.Gaiilt. 1886. 

63, Hymns for the Cfturch qf England.. By T. Dar- 
ling. 1889. This la ths last version of his Hymns, fcc,, 
Brstpnb. in issl. 

04. Cantiea Sanctorum, or Hymnt for the Slash 
Letter Haints' Bay i in the English and Scottish Calendars, 
To which are added A few Hymns for Special Occasions. 
Edinburgh, 1880. Edited by the Rev. (t. Moultrie. 

The new names added to the roll of Church 
of England hymn-writers and translators 
daring this period include : — 

Mrs. Alderson, Sir H. W. Baker, S. Baring-Gould, 
A. Barry, II. W. Beidon, C. C. Bell, E. Vf. Benson, 
W. BrteUt, It. Brown-Borthwlck, T. Chamberlain, 
R. R. Slope, J. S, Clarke, V, S. S, Coles, T. Davis, 
K. A. Dayman, W. C. Din, B. Downton, J. Ellerton, 
A. E. Evans, F. W. Farrar, J. Q. Gregory, Miss Haver- 
gal, E. Husband, W. J. Irons, B. H. Kennedy, £. F. 
Littledale, W. D. MaeUgan, H. A. Martin, J. S. B. 
Monsell, G. Moultrie, F. T. Pelgrave, G. Phllllmoie, 
E. H. Hmnptre, T. B. Pollock, F. Pott, T, E. Powell, 
a. R. Prynne, A. P. Stanley, S. /. Stone, G. Thrlng, 
L. Tuttlett, H, Twells, B. Webh, W. Whiting, c. 
Wordsworth, and many others. 

The hymn-books named above number over 
230. They represent about two-thirds of the 
whole p-.iblished »ince J. Wesley printed liis 



ENGLAND HTHKODY, OH. OP 341 

little book at Charles-Town in 1736 If email 
local publications, amounting to little more 
than pamphlets, and collections for the public 
schools, special institutions, soldiers and 
sailors, and for little children, are added, the 
total will be about 5(H). The authors and 
translators number 250 at the most. To 
these must be added the Foreign Mission 
work of the Churoh which hsa been productive 
of hymn-writing and translating in many 
languages, most stations being supplied with 
hymn-books in the vernacular, and suited to 
the people's needs. 

Art accurate classification of these books, 
many of which are (till in use, is a matter of 
some difficulty. Of the oldest type of hymn- 
book, that of Madan and Toplady, there are 
three at the most, and of these the best in 
every way is Snepp's Song* of Grace and 
Glory, 1873. It is a large book, and from 
its standpoint, of exceptional merit. Of the 
more moderate Evangelical collections which 
inherit the traditions of CoUerill, Elliott, 
Biekertteth, StovxiU, Miller, and other*, there 
are about twenty. The books, which can be 
scarcely distinguished from Hymnt A. & iff., 
except in their arrangements of hymns, the 
substitution of one translation for another, and 
the presence of a few original compositions, 
number about fifteen. Church Hymns and com- 
panion works are six at the most. Of the 
People's Hymnal type there are less than that ; 
and the AUarHymnal is almost alone. Although 
all the books published during this period are 
not included in the foregoing list, yet that list, 
and this somewhat rough outline of its dis- 
tinctive features present a fair summary of the 
latest results of the hymnody of the Church 
of England. 

Some of the books in this list are small in 
size, limited in design, and weak in execution. 
In others, although the size is enlarged, and 
the design is widened, the execution is still 
defective. Books of the highest merit are few. 
Taken as a whole the latest collections differ 
widely from the books of the former period. 
That distinct partiality for Latin hymnody 
on the one hand, and far German on the other, 
which was so marked in the last period, has 
given place to a broader basis of selection, 
which finds treasures in each, and valuable 
assistance from both New translations and 
original hymns have also accumulated, tlie 
latter especially, ami are of distinguished merit 
as a whole. Sermons in verse are passing out 
of tlie collections. Subjective hymnsare much 
less papular than heretofore. Tho tone of 
those of praise and prayer is brighter, and 
more hopeful. The range of subjects and 
services has broadened out until few remain 
unrepresented in the best collections- A 
perfect book there is not, and cannot be- 
To attain the perfection of Holy Scriptures^ 
Divine Inspiration is needed. To present a 
hook to'tbe Church which shall be The Book 
of Common Praise, in the same sense and with 
the same ncceptebleness as the Prayer Book 
is, as The Book of Common Prayer, requires a 
combination of circumstances and. of men 
which does not exist. The rude beginning 
made by Jolm Wesley in 1736 has developed 
in one hundred and fifty years into hymn- 
books of great merit and practical usefutaes* 



342 ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OF 

The best of these we have enumerated, and, 
concerning them as a whole, we have set down 
their distinctive features, and their suitability 
to the needs of the Chnroh at the respective 
periods of their production. The needs of the 
Church of to-day differ widely from her needs 
one hundred and fifty years ago, and those 
needs are emphasized by the number of 
bymnala which are in common use. An united 
effort to blend the excellences of these works 
in one Common Batik of Praise is much to be 
desired. The task would he a great one, pro- 
bably too great to be accomplished with suc- 
cess, when the known difficulties are taken in 
hand,and the wiknovm are developed. Mean- 
while the great schools of thought and work 
have then* manuals of praise, and these are, 
as a whole, as distinct and definite in their 
utterances as they are hallowed in their devo- 
tion. Of these we can only name a few of 
the highest rank. 

The most complete work for Daily Prayers, 
frequent Celebrations, and Occasional Ser- 
vices, with a careful provision for the time of 
the day and the season of the year, together 
with a high tone of Eucharistio teaching and 
devotion, is The Symnary of 1872. It has 
more translations from tlieLatin,and especially 
from the old Anglican Use of Barwm, than any 
other collection. To those who hold that 
authors should sneak in their own tongue, the 
extensive alterations in the texts of English 
hymns is a grievous error. The translations, 
and especially those from the Use of Sarum, 
are very massive, almost too massive, for 
ordinary congregational use. They lack the 
cadence and ring which hold the multitude, 
and the fire which stimulates and heightens 
the devotion of the ordinary worshipper. The 
book is a great work, the greatest on the lines 
in the high Anglican school of thought, bat it 
is very cold, and almost passionless. 

Midway between the first edition of The 
HjfMjmry in 1870, and the oomplete edition, in 
1^2, another book of great importance was 
published. Coming forth under the auspices, 
and with the imprimatur, of the Society for 
Promoting Christian Knowledge, and with 
the avowed object of meeting the common 
needs of the Church, and not the aspirations 
of a party, Church Hymns presents what is 
commonly known as the old-fashioned, non- 
Calvinistic doctrine of the old English divines, 
side by side with provision for the immense 
developments of modern Church work. Of 
the 114 hymns translated from other langciages, 
69 arc from the Latin, 30 from the German, 
and 12 from the Greek ; and of the 1-atiu 
nearly one half date from the 17th and the 
18th centuries. The known writers and trans- 
lators number about 122, and the unknown 
possibly 25 more. The provision for extra 
Occasional Services is very full and well 
arranged. The literary standard is high, and 
the book as a whole is richer ffl poetic, as dis- 
tinct from devotional, verse, than The Sym- 
nary, the Hymnal Companion, or Hys. A. and 
M. Its great drawback is its mutilated texts. 
Some of these were inherited, bnt otliers, and 
thoy are many, were the gratuitous and, in 
most instances, the uncalled for offerings of 
the Editors. 

The popular voice does by do means indi- 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OP 

cate at all times or in all places the truest 
doctrine, or the noblest work ; but it does at 
all times and in all places mark that which is 
acceptable to the greatest number; and this it 
has done for Hymns Ancient and Modern. 
From a hymnological and historical point of 
view its first edition was a somewhat feeble 
work. Its text was the meet mutilated in the 
Church; its literary standard was not the 
highest possible ; and its range of subjects was 
very limited. The Appendix of 1868 was an 
advance in each direction ; whilst the revised 
edition of 1875 corrects many, but not all, of 
its serious shortcomings and faults. Its sale, 
including the editions of 1861, 1868, and 1375, 
of over twenty-five million copies shows its 
use to be far beyond that of any hymn-book 
in the English language, whether old or new ; 
its success has created a host of imitators; its 
firm and courageous Church arrangement and 
tone have raised the whole character and com- 
plexion of English hymnody ; and the stimulus 
which it has given to hymnological study has 
produced a rich harvest to all parties and many 
creeds. If the dates of the original Hebrew of 
the Psalms, paraphrases of which are found 
therein, are allowed, then the oontents will 
date from about 1500 B.O. to 1875 a.d., or 
a period of 3375 years. In this respect, 
however, it is not unique, as all the best 
modem hymn-books begin with the same 
date. Its contents are gathered from most 
branches of the Church of Christ, both old 
and new, the oldest portion being, however, 
not so prominent as is usually supposed. 
This is specially the case witli the Latin 
hymns, about one-half of which are not as old 
as the Psalm Versions of Stemhold and Hop- 
kins, and not much older than the hymns of 
John Mason and Isaac Watts. The original 
writers and translators who are known number 
about 195, and another 2(1, which are anony- 
mous, will represent the total with which it 
may be credited. The additions thereto which 
are being compiled and arranged as an Ap- 
pendix, supplying as they do a fuller and more 
accurate provision for Daily Services, several 
Special Festivals and Occasional Services, and 
for the Home Mission movement, will give it 
the completeness which it now lacks, and en- 
sure for it renewed popularity. 

Bishop Bickersteth's Hymnal Companion, 
the first edition of which was published in 
1870, and the revised edition in 1876, was 
compiled upon a plan adopted once before in 
principle, but not in detail (see § iii. 40), and 
has resulted in a great success. Taking twenty- 
five hymn-books, dating from 1836 to 1870, 
and embracing the high Anglican Hymaartj 
on the one hund, and the Ultra-Calvinistic 
Songs of Grace and Gloi-y on the other, he 
constituted them his " friends in council," and 
with their aid he laid the foundations and 
built up much of the body of his book. Two 
attempts have been made to ascertain what 
hymns may be regarded as standard hymns in 
the Church of England. The first was pub- 
lished in The Churchman's Sniffing Magazine, 
in 1874, when £8 Anglican hymn-books were 
used. This resulted in 216 hymns standing 
the test, and were regarded as being in the 
first rank, 65 in the second, and SI in the 
third. Of these the whole of the first rank, 



ENGLAND HYMNODY, CH. OF 

61 of the second, and 10 of tho third, were in 
the first edition of the Hymnal Companion. 
These were retained in the revised edition of 
1876, and several others were added from the 
third rank. The second attempt to ascertain 
what were held in the Church of England as 
(Standard Hymns, was published by the Bev, 
James King, in his Anglican Hymnology, in 
1885, This work is an expansion of the first 
attempt, by using 52 works instead of 28, but 
the rcrulte are rendered untrustworthy through 
5 of the 52 books being Dissenting collections, 
and 1 a volume of Essays. Mr. King gives 
106 hymns in the fii'Strauk, 110 in the second, 
and 110 in the third. Of these 103, 86, and 
78, respectively, are in the .Hymnal Companion. 
If Mr. King's Dissenting collections and the 
volume of Essays, which he unwisely used, 
are deducted from these books, the result will 
be equally favourable to the Hymnal Com- 
panion with tho first. In Analiean repre- 
sentativenessi, as thus wrought out, Bishop 
Bickersteth's work is at the head of all 
hymnals in the Church of England ; and in 
keeping with this unique position, it has also 
the purest texts, being in this respect almost 
as faultless as Lord Selbome's Book of Praise. 
Notwithstanding this excellence, and the very 
full provision made from nearly 200 authors 
and translators for the Ordinary Services and 
tho Occasional Offices, its prevailing subjec- 
tiveness, together with its non-representative- 
ness of the Catholic as distinct from the 
Anglican Church of the past fifty years, are 
seiious drawbacks to many. Half-a-dozen 
hymns from the Greek, less than a dozen from 
the German, and something like fifteen from 
the Latin, do not make an imposing total 
from those vast stores. The book is un- 
doubtedly one of the first in the Church, but 
it is seriously narrowed by this exclusiveoess. 
The Church of England Hwnn-book adapted 
to the Daily Services of the Church throughout 
the Tear, by Prebendary Turing, is built up 
mainly on the lines of Church Hymns, and, 
like it, is designed for services of every kind 
and degree. Its Euchaiistic standpoint is 
that of the first edition of Hyt. A. & M. Its 
original writers and translators number 300, 
without counting anonymoas authors, and 
their hymns represent eight distinct languages, 
being one more than Hyt. A. & M. or Church 
Hymns. The usual and well-known hymns 
from the Greek are repeated ; and there are 
also 85 from the Latin, and 29 from the Ger- 
man. The texts rank next to the Hymnal 
Companion in purity, and the arrangement of 
the hymns is very distinct and clear. Hymns 
of a morbid cast and unnatural tone are 
rigidly excluded, as are those which breathe 
passionate entreaties for death, that there may 
be an immediate attainment of glory. Its 
literary standard is the highest amongst 
modern hymn-books, and its poetical merits 
are great. When to these features of excel- 
lence are added a list of contributors one-third 
larger than Hys. A. & M. or the Hymnal Com- 
panion, and twice as large as those represented 
in Church Symm; a sound theologioal ground- 
Work ; and a provision for divine worship ex- 
ceeding any other collection in fullness, and 
in minuteness of detail, it must he conceded 
that for practical Church use from the doc- 



ENGLI8H HYMNODY, EABLY 343 

trinal standpoint which it holds, it will he 
difficult to find its equal, and impossible to 
name its superior. 

In addition to these five books there are 
other* of much merit in the foregoing list, 
especially T. Darling's Hymns for tho Church 
of England ; The People's Hymnal ; the Uni- 
versal Hymn Book, and the special tribute to 
Dean Stanley's memory, The Westminster Abbey 
Hymn Book. But when we are required by 
the general public of nil denominations and 
creeds to set before them the hymnody of the 
Church of England in its highest forms, and 
in its fullest development for practical Church 
purposes, we are compelled to affirm that The 
Hymmary of 1872 : Church Hymns of 1871 ; 
Hyt. A. dk iff. of 1875 ; The Hymnal Com- 
panion of 1876, and The Church of England 
Hymn-book of 1882, each great in itself, do 
embody, when combined, the highest and 
richest results of a century and a half of hym- 
nologieal labour and research in the Church 
of England. [J. J.] 

English. Hymnody, Early. — L Intro- 
duction. — Lord Selbome has called Dr. Watts 
the father of English Hymnody : and, as having 
lifted English hymns out of obscurity into 
fame, the title is a just one. It will be seen 
however, that there are facts in the history of 
the metrical Psalters and obscure hymns, 
which conditioned and moulded the work of 
Watts ; that several of out choicest hymns in 
present use are found in books of the 16th and 
17th century ; that there are signs that hymns 
might have become a recognized part of church 
worship, but for the Puritan reaction ; and that 
hymns, as distinct from paraphrases of Scrip- 
ture, had become an acknowledged part of 
public worship among the Baptists and Inde- 
pendents at the dose of the 17th century. 
The causes of the long delay in their ac- 
knowledgment will appear in succeeding 
sections. Hatred of the Papacy may have 
helped to discredit the Latin hymns among 
the Beformers. The marvellous power of 
the English Bible excluded almost every 
thing but actual Scripture from the service of 
praise during the growing ascendancy of 
Puritanism. After the Restoration, all singing 
among the Nonconformists became dangerous 
under tho Conventicle Act Under the more 
merciful laws of William III., Nonconformist 
hymns hegan to appear freely, and in the 
hands of Watts and his followers became a 
power. But this very fact for a long period 
discredited them within tlie Church, which 
adhered rigidly to the Old and Neu> Versions 
of the Psalms. The object of this article, 
which closes with Watts and Doddridge, is to 
trace this history; indicating at the samo 
time the position of vernacular hymns and 
paraphrases previous to the Reformation, the 
gradual decay of the influence of Latin hymns, 
and the transient reflection in England of the 
hymns of Germany. 

II. Hymn-singing before the Seformatian. 

There is every reason to believe that sacred 
songs would form part of the repertory of the 
old English gleemen. One of the plans or 
Bishop Aldheim for the evangelisation of his 
countrymen was to stand on the bridge aB a 



344 ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 

gleeman, and mix sacred and secular songs 
together. The account of Ctednion, the old 
English Milton, who embraced the monastic 
habit for the express object of devoting him- 
self to religious poetry (see Bade, B. 4, c. 24) 
points in the same direction. Scarcely any- 
thing however remains to us. Tbe earliest 
piece of Anglo-Bason poetry is the hymn 
which Casdmon composed in his sleep while 
watching in the stable at night, and which 
led him to make poetry his vocation. It is 
given in Sharon Turner's Silt, of the Anglo- 
Saxons (Bk. 12, cap. 1). In Cuthbert's letter, 
recount! ug the death of Bede, there is a short 
hymn suugbyhitn inbislastiUnes*. (Trs. in 
Sharon Turner,*Md., Bk. 12, cap. i, and Bede's 
Eecl. Hid., p. xix.,Bohn Series.) In the Latin 
Hymn* of the Anglo-Saxon Church, (Surtees 
Society), there are interlinear glosses of the 
Latin Hymns. Bp. Aldhelm's Psalter is men- 
tioned elsewhere. [PwlUn, English, § lit.] 
In Grein's Bibliothek der AngelsSchsichen 
Poetie, there are paraphrases of the Lord's 
Prayer and Gloria ratri, which are translated 
in Professor Rawson Lumby*a Be Domes Doege 
(Early Eng. Text Society). These, however, 
ore not hymns, but meditations on the sepa- 
rate clauses for purposes of instruction. It 
would extend the scope of this article too 
widely in this and succeeding paragraphs to 
attempt to indicate hymn material in religious 
and devotional poetry (e.g. Csedmon's Para- 
phrase). 

No collection of mediaeval English hymns 
has yet been published : but the number of 
ancient Carols, and Hymns to the B. V. Mary, 
indicatesa practice, which must have been more 
widely exemplified. (See Preface to Chape's 
Carols ; and for hymns to B. V. M., Our Lady's 
Dowry, by Rev. T. E. Bridgett ; a hymn to 
her in Chaucer ; and an alliterative hymn in 
Warton's History of English Poetry.) Mr. 
PurnivalL in Hymn* to Vie Virgin and Christ 
(circa 1*30), has published some Poem* of 
Christ at great sweetness, especially a 
" Prayer to Jesus " and " The Love of Jesus," 
from which, centos might be mode. In this 
volume are also metrical renderings of the 
Creed and Ten Commandments. In Myrc's 
Instructions for Parish Priests, and in Canon 
Simmons's Lay-Folks Mass Book, are, similar 
renderings of Pater Nosier and Creed, In the 
latter is also a metrical version of Gloria in 
Excelsis; and there are metrical devotions 
that under other circumstances might well be 
used as hymns. The object of them as they 
stand is, however, silent devotion during the 
celebration of Mass. If the inediwval litera- 
ture could be explored, and any considerable 
number of vernacular hymns brought together, 
they would throw additional light on the 
devotions of the laity of England in those 
days, to that revealed tn these volumes, 

IH. The Influence of the Latin Hymns, 

It is not easy to account for the entire 
omission by our Reformers of those Latin 
Hymns, which formed an integral part of the 
Offices which they reproduced in the Book of 
Common Prayer. They were freely used by 
Luther, to whom they were endeared in the 
monastery ; and Ooverdale, following his pre- 
cedent, has three pieces formed on "Veni 



ENGLISH HYMNODV, EARLY 

Creator," and another on "Cliriste, qui 
lux," in his Ooostly Psalmes and Spiritual 
Songs (1539 ?). There is also a welt-known 
letter of Cranmer to Henry VIII. (Oct- 7, 1514. 
Works, p. 412, Parker Society) in which he 
sends a translation of " Salve festa dies," which 
he has made in the same metre as the Latin, 
so that the Latin tune may be need to it : sug- 
gesting that the king should cause some other 
to undertake the task of translating " in more 
pleasant English" than his own. But for 
some reason nothing was done; and the cm. 
rendering of "Veni Creator" (15i9), and the 
l.m. rendering by Cosin (see below) (1662), 
are tbe only traces of the Latin hymns in the 
successive editions of the Book of Common 
Prayer. The omission is the more singular, 
because they were admitted in the books of 
private devotion, as appears from the history 
of tbe Primers. Tbe Primers antecedent to 
the Reformation contain rude translations of 
the Latin hymns : so also do the illicit ones 
of the Gospellers and those of HenTy VIII. 
But in 1553, just at Edward VI, 's death, a 
new Primer was issued, based on the Book of 
Common Prayer. Both this book and its 
immediate predecessors must have passed 
through Cranmer's hands ; but here we Eeem 
to see the change of policy regarding the 
Latin hymns, perhaps the result of the influ- 
ence of Calvin. This Primer has no hymns. 
They renpnear, however, in Elizabeth's Primer 
(1559), which is a revision of Henry VIIL's 
books, the original Latin being found is her 
Horarium (1500); some of the hymns, with 
the addition of '' Cliriste, qui lux, appearing 
in her Preees Privatae (1564). Perhaps 
the permission to use a " hymn or such-like 
song" in the Injunctions (1559) contemplated 
the introduction of naturalised Latin hymns 
among other things. But the fashion of 
psalm-singing was mastering the people ; and 
in the Liturgical Forms put forth for special 
occasions as the reign went on SUnitioUL and 
Hopkins is almost an authorized psalm-book. 
Except in a few isolated instances among the 
high churoh party, and in the Roman books 
of devotion, the Latin hymns entirely cease 
to affect the history far the whole period of 
this article. A notable book in the Church 
of England of this sort is A Collection of 
Private Devotions, called The Houres of 
Prayer, &c, by Bp. Cosin (1627), founded on 
the Horarium of Queen Elizabeth. Tho 
hymns are new. Some nre original : others 
are fresh translations from the Latin, including 
at time of Holy Communion part of " Lauda 
Sion." It is in this bock that the l.ji. 
"Veni Creator,'' afterwards (1662) inserted 
in the Ordinal, first appears. The trans- 
lation of " Jam lucis " (" Now that the day- 
star doth arise") was afterwards reprinted 
in Playford's musical edition of Sternhold 
and Hopkins. There is something of the 
feeling of Ken's great hymns in some of the 
phrases of the translations from the Matins 
and Vesper hymns. In Crashaw's Poems 
(circa 1646-S2) will be found translations 
of hymns in the Office for tho Holy Cross ; 
and of " Vexilla Regis." « Lauda Sion," » Dies 
Irae," and others. Whether these pieces were 
composed before or after his entrance into the 
Boman communion seems uncertain. Two od 



ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 

them are adopted by Austin in his Devotions 
in the Way of AnHent Offices. Austin (§ x.) 
hag in this same book a (r. of " Veui Sancte 
Spiritus." Mr. W. T. Brooke has also pointed 
out two trs. by Austin from " Summe Pater, 
O Creator," in Horst's ParadUe, 2nd ed., 1698, 
In William Drummond's Works (Lib. of Old 
Author*, by W. B. Tumbull) there are twenty 
translations of Latin hymns (among others 
•* Veni Creator," " Urbs beats," " Christe Re- 
demptor," and " Stabat Mater "). These trs. 
had appeared in The Primer or Ojfiae of B. V. 
M. 1615. They were only published as Drum- 
mond's in 1711 by Bishop Sage and Thomas 
Ruddiman. A doubt has been raised about 
the ascription to Drummond. [See Drnmuand, 
Willin.] This Primer of B. V. M. is one 
of a very interesting series of Offices for 
B. V. M. in English (1615, 1619, 1684, 1685, 
1706) containing successive new tre. of the 
Latin hymns. In that for 1706 is found 
Dryden's well-known tr. of the " Veni Creator " 
(" Creator Spirit, by Whose aid "), and two 
other pieces of his. (Itajdea, J.) [The entire 
series of Primers, those of Barum, those of 
the Reformation, of Mary, of Elizabeth, and 
the Roman Primers of the 17th century, are 
treated under Primers.] 

IV. German Influence at Reformation. 

The English hymn-singing at the Refor- 
mation was the echo of that which roused 
the enthusiasm of Germany under Luther. 
The most notable proof of this is found in 
Coverdale's Goottly Psalmes and Spiritual 
Songs. [See PsaltMs, KngUsh, § v.] Follow- 
ing Luther's large-hearted adoption of mate- 
tenal from many sources, it contains Psalm 
versions, paraphrases of Latin hymns (see 
8 hi.), and fifteen other hymns. Mr. Mearns 
has pointed out that only two of these fifteen 
hymns have not as yet been found in German 
sources. One is suggested evidently by the 
Veni Creator ; the other is a controversial 
hymn of the time (" Let go the whore of 
Babilon "). Nearly nil the rest of the book 
is a more or less close rendering from the 
German : and some of the finest hymns are 
Luther's. This same German influence ap- 
pears again, after a reaction in Calvin's di- 
rection, in the final developments of Sternhold 
and Hopkins. The admission of hymns as 
an Appendix to the Psalter is a departure from 
Calvin's precedents. The hymn, "Preserve 
us, Lord, by Thy dear Word, which Warton 
ridiculed under the name of "Turk and Pope," 
is again originally Luther's, the translation 
alone being Wisdome's. The translation of 
the Pater Natter by D. Cox is also from 
Luther. This Gorman influence unfortunately 
dies away with these pieces, until its revival 
in Wesley. The narrower canons of Calvin 
admitting nothing but paraphrases of Scrip- 
ture, and even of Scripture little outside the 
Psalms, become the stern rule of our hymnody 
for the next century and a half. 

T. Liturgical Paraphrases. 
The origin of our hymns lies in the Para- 
phrases, very few of our original hymns aie 
of earlier date than the close of the 17th cen- 
tury. They arose out of a lengthened period 
of Paraphrases, derived partly from Liturgical 



ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 345 

sources, but mainly from Holy Scripture. In 
Coverdale's Goos&y Psalmes and Spiritual 
Songs (1539) there are metrical renderings 
of the Oreie (2), the Pater Foster (2), the 
Magnificat, Nune Dimittii, and Muereatur; 
and expansions of Media vita and Gloria 
in Exeeimt. These are evidently the sug- 
gestion of the Latin Offices. In Crowley's 
Psalter (1549) there are metrical Canticles. 
The English editions of Sternhold and 
Hopkins in Elizabeth's reign (1560-2) show 
an increasing efibrt to make the book a 
Companion to the Book of Common Prayer 
by means of paraphrases of Canticles, Creeds, 
the Decalogue, Ac. [See Sternhold and Hojttas, 
§ v.] Paraphrases of the Canticles and the 
Quicunque appear in Parker's Ptalter, and 
are common in the long series of metrical 
Psalters, They appear in Wither'sifymnjaTKl 
Songs of the Church. Tate and Brady versified 
the Canticles, Creed, Ten Commandments, 
Lord's Prayer, and the Easter Anthem and 
Gloria in EzaeUU. The Puritan Barton made 
four different versions of the Te Beam at the 
suggestion of Baxter. [But™, W.] 

These metrical Canticles however led to 
grave abuse. In Puritan churches they were 
substituted for those in the Prayer Book 
(Seylin). Whittingham had introduced the 
practice at Durham ( Warton). Cosin's stand 
against this may have been the foundation of 
the charge made against him in the Long Par- 
liament (a charge which he denied), " of for- 
bidding lie singing of the Psalms in metre." 
(May, HUt. of Long Parliament.) Wren had 
prohibited the substitution of them in the 
diocese of Norwich. The Lords' Committee 
(1641) recommended the legalization of the 
practice, and it lingered after the Restora- 
tion. Wheatley deprecated it in the 18th 
cent, (see his Illustration of (he Book of Com- 
mon Prayer, cap. 3, sect. 13). 

VI. Scripture Paraphrases. 

The real cradle of EugUsh hymns is the 
English Bible ; and its power on the mind 
of England is forcibly exhibited by their his- 
tory. The new-found Bible seemed to the 
Reformers the divinely-given well-spring of 
praise : large portions of it were actual songs, 
or rapturous utterances of the saints ; and in 
the Bible words alone they deemed themselves 
secure from human error. The great illustration 
of this belief is found in the long series of me- 
trical Psalters, which formed, the staple of 
public praise for Churchman and Noncon- 
formist till the close of the 17th century. [Pud- 
ten, English.] To these were generally attached 
in England renderings of the Canticles [§ v.] 
(The Te Deum is of course not considered 
here.) Somewhat less frequently, the Songs 
of Moses, of Deborah, of Hannah and Ha- 
bakkuk (oh. iii.) were versified. Selections 
from Isaiah, the Lamentations of Jeremiah, 
the Book of Eoolesiastes and Book of Wisdom, 
certain chapters of the Proverbs (e.g. by John 
Hall, often wrongly attributed to Sternhold) 
were occasionally rendered. The book of the 
O. T. which was most frequently reproduced 
was the Song of Solomon (inter alios by 
Spenser, Dod, Wither, Sandys, John Mason 
| and Watts). The most incongruous expert 



846 ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 

meats, showing tie belief in the universal 
capability of Scripture for musical expression 
at the outset of the Reformation, are a Metrical 
-Version of the Genealogies, twelve chapters of 
the Acts of the Apostles, rendered by Chris- 
topher Tye and sung in Edward YL's chapel, 
Hunnie's Hyve full of Hunnye, containing the 
Firste Booke of Moses (14 chape.) (1578); 
and John Merbecke's History of King David in 
the Books of Samuel. Paraphrases of N. T., 
especially of passages of St Paul's Epp., re- 
ceived a great development in Barton's Chap- 
ter Hymns (1659-88). [Barton, W.] They 
are a part of certain volumes which he calls 
Centuries, published at intervals in his life- 
time, and the last after his death, contain- 
ing paraphrases of Scripture and render- 
ings of Psalms not admitted into his 
Psalters. The Btrictness of paraphrase was 
then beginning to relax, and in his later 
editions (e.g. Six Centuries, 1688) he allows 
himself to combine and omit chapters and 
verses in the same book of Scripture. A 
number of N. T, paraphrases, treated with 
increasing freedom of combination and omis- 
sion, appeared in the next thirty years, and 
afterwards. Watts's 1st book of Hymns, con- 
sisting entirely of paraphrases, has several : 
so have Doddridge and many others. 

The Influence of the Paraphrases has been 
great. With the exception of some by Watts, 
especially those preserved in The Scottish 
Paraphrases, the long series' has indeed 
little direct interest now : but indirectly, as 
determining the character of the English hymn 
that sprang out of them, their interest is 
considerable. That grand note of our greatest 
hymns, impregnation with Scripture, is in 
great measure the herit^je of the paraphrases. 
The limitation to Scripture had held its 
ground so long from dread of error. Hence 
if a hymn, not verbally derived from Scripture, 
was to be accepted, it had to give plain evi- 
dence of its ground in Holy Writ. There is 
a characteristic passage in the preface to 
Barton's Four Centuries (1668), in which he 
says that the absence of the check of Holy 
Scripture had led to " horrid blasphemy 
in the Papist hymns. He calls also " The 
Complaint of a Sinner" (0. F.) "nonsen- 
sical," and stigmatises the expression " Thy 
bloody wounds are yet to see," in " The 
Humble Bute," as erroneous, drawing as 
his inference, the danger of deserting the 
text of Scripture. Watts, in the Preface to 
his hymns, is careful to say that he " might 
have brought some Text .... and applied it 
tu the margin of every verse.'* 

In the second place, in the paraphrases we 
find the origin of the great divisions of our 
hymns, objective and subjective. The free 
and joyous praise of Watts and Mason, and 
the simpler, less introspective expressions of 
sorrow and penitence are a heritage from the 
Psalms. The delineation of the subtler 
emotions, motives, and moods of Christian 
experience, as well as of the appropriation of 
gospel truths, though flowing partly from the 
running stream of religious poetry, is even 
more the reflection of the N. T. paraphrases. 

And thirdly, in the free grouping of N. T. 
texts, which characterized the later para- 
phrases, we see how unconsciously the type of 



ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 

hyinn, which we shall find below in Watts, 
emerged. The habit of Sermon and Com- 
mentary made it an almost irresistible 
impulse to interweave the familiar parallel 
passages, to make one passage a theme for 
expansion by others, to omit and combine for 
the sake of unity; all the while, as they 
believed, keeping within the letter of 
Scripture, Then came the license of some 
connecting verse, as a piece of machinery. 
And only one step more converted the 
Scriptural Paraphrase into the Scriptural 
Hymn. In a volume of Family Hymns by 
Matthew Henry (1695), the precedent of ser- 
mons is put forth as an apology for his practice 
of combining texts of Scripture. The loose 
interpretation which Watts gave to the term 
paraphrase comes out clearly in his first book 
of hymns. His first hymn, which ho is said 
to have produced in his 21st year, at his 
father's challenge, as something better than 
the hymns of the Southampton chapel, is a 
paraphrase of part of Rev. v. in the style of 
Barton, " Behold the glories of the Lamb : " 
but others are tar more free. Very few proba- 
bly would now consider " My God.how endless 
is Thy love" (Bk. i. 81), or "Come, let us 
join our cheerful songs " (Bk. i. 63), or " Join 
oil the glorious names " (Bk. i. ISO), and 
other noted hymns, as paraphrases, if Watts 
had not so olaised them. 

VII. Original Hymns of the Mlisabethan age. 

The Injunctions of Elizabeth (1559) gave 
free permission to use any " hymn or such like 
song to the praise of Almighty God," at the 
beginning and end of morning and evening 
prayer. fPialten, English, § VJ3L] But, from 
the causes we have indicated, hymns, as 
such, were proscribed in public worship until 
the close of the 17th century ; and thebymns 
that precede that period aTe found only in 
books of religious poetiy, or private devotion. 
Until the publication of Wither'a Hymns (1623) 
such hymns are few, and chiefly the utterance 
of simple and unlettered piety. The speci- 
mens here designated are of course not an 
exhaustive list of the pieces that lie buried in 
the dead volumes of devotional verse. Those 
for the Elizabethan age will be found chiefly 
in Select Poetry, chiefly devotional, of the 
reign of Queen Elizabeth, edited by K Fan, 
Parker Society, 1845. The earliest are by 
William Hunnis, a gentleman of the Chapel 
Royal under Edward VX, and Master of the 
Children under Elizabeth. There are seven of 
his hymns in the Select Poetry, all of a simple, 
fervent tone. Next in order are the six original 
hymns, which enjoyed the exceptional honour 
of being sung publicly, through their attach- 
ment to Sternhold and Hopkins's Psalter 
(1560-2), These are « The Lamentation of a 
Sinner, by Marckant ; " The Lamentation," 
anonymous; "The Humble Sute of a Sin- 
ner"; "The Complaint of a Sinner"; "A 
Prayer unto the Holy Ghost," to be sung 
before the sermon and " A Thanksgiving after 
the receiving of the Lord's Supper." Of a 
similar character to those of Hunnis are 
two by Nicolas Breton (8el. Poetry, pp. 
160-1), whose works have been reprinted by 
Grosart; two, by Francis Kinwelmersh (Sel, 



ENGLISH HYMNODY, EABLY 

Poetry, pp. 291-2), one(iWc(„ p. 816), by Walter 
Deverwur, Kail of Essex, published in TAe 

Paradise 0/ Da*n% Devises (1576-80) ; one by 
Timothy Kendal (1576. Sel Poetry, p. 884); 
nine in John Norden's Progresse of Pietie 
(1691, pub. by the Parker Society); ana one by 
Abraham Fleming (1602. Sel. Poetry, p. 546). 
In the works of William Loe, pastor or the Eng- 
lish Church at Hamburg (pub. by Grosart), 
are " A Month's Minde — Nine Musings on 
Death, Seawn Dumps on the Seauen Wordt 
(on tlie Cross). There are also metaphrases 
of the Psalms, Sung of Songs, and Paull'e 
Prayers in the volume. Alt the pieces are 
written purposely in monosyllables; and it is 
a singular testimony to the power of our short 
words, that the strength and simplicity of the 
compositions is enhanced rather than dimi- 
nished by the restriction. In Dr. Donne's 
Poems (1633) are one or two hymns, composed 
in his sickness. One of these, " Wilt Thou 
forgive that sin 7 " was often sung in his pre- 
sence at Evensong in St. Paul's. They are 
tenoning pieces. George Herbert is known to 
have sung some of bis hymns to his viol. 
Walton has a beautiful story of his calling for 
it on the Sunday before he died, and singing, 
" The Sundays of man's life," Ac. The music 
set to them was apparently known after his 
death. Some of them might be adapted toonr 
freer musical settings. One, " Let all the world 
in every comer sing, has been treated success- 
fully by both Sir George Elvey (Ch. Ey. 411) 
and Mr. Beay. "Throw away Thy rod" is 
also adapted in the People's H. (573). But 
notwithstanding their pungency and quaint 
devotion, they are too abrupt and irregular for 
congregational use. An attempt was made to 
regularize them in c. m. in a hook which was 
muoh used after its publication in 1697 — Select 
Hymns from Mr. Herbert's Temple, In the 
community at Little Gidding, hymns were 
used in the devotions, composed by Nicholas 
Ferrar, Herbert's friend and executor ; but they 
are apparently lost, save a few specimens in 
J. 10. B. Major's Lives of Ferrar. Tin Syna- 
gogue, by Christopher Harvie (1640), is an 
exact following of The Temple of Herbert 
which suggested it, but even less capable 
of congregational adaptation. In Phineas 
Fletcher, (1633, Grosarfs edition), tliere are 
two hymns ; one of which, " Drop, drop, slow 
tears," is of exeee&injt beauty for private use. 
The range of our hymns has nothing fresher, 
clearer, tenderer than a 11s. hymn of 26 
stanzas (4 lines), by F. B. P., " Hierusalem, my 
liappie home" (1601). For a critical discussion 
of the date and author see tlic article in this 
Dictionary — Jcrnulam, mi b*ppr boms ; Dr. 
Sonar's New Jerusalem Hymns ; and letters in 
The Literary Churcltman, July 20 and Aug. 3, 
1884, by Major Crawford. The resemblances 
to " Urbs beata Hierusalem " are obvious, bat 
the English hymn ignores the conception of 
the CUnrch as the real Jerusalem, which is 
at the base of the Latin hymn. There is 
another hymn in 1, m. in the us. volume at 
the British Museum, which contains the 
longest, and probably the most authentic text 
of "Jerusalem, my happy heme" (undated 
but earner than 1616). This hymn is 
almost parallel in matter and plan, though 
not in versification. 



ENGLISH HYMNODY, EABLY 341 

VHI, Tlte first Ifyj»n Book. George Wither. 

A great interest attaches to Hymns and 
Songs of the Church (1623), by George 
Wither. It is the earliest attempt at an 
English hymn-book, and we might almost 
think that; bat for the Puritan reaotion that 
set in immediately afterwards, the develop- 
ment of original hymns might have begun in 
the time of the Stuarts, within the church, 
instead of being delayed a century, to origi- 
nate among the Nonconformists. Wither 
obtained a patent from the King, that his 
book should be bound up with every copy 
of the Metrical Psalms, and he evidently 
hoped that it would be used concurrently with 
them after morningand evening prayer, though 
" not as part of the Church's Liturgy." But 
the history of the book proved just the same as 
that of his subsequent version of the Psalms 
(1632). ("Psalter*, English,] Lastead of fame 
and profit, it brought him persecution and 
loss, notwithstanding the approbation of 
the book by many members of Convocation. 
The first part of this book consists of the 
usual paraphrases of Scripture, including 
the Bong of Solomon ; the second is a series 
of hymns for all the Festivals, Holy Days 
(St George's Day among them), Public Deli- 
verances, Holy Communion, Ember Weeks, 
Seasonable Weather, Plenty, Peace, Victory, 
Deliverance from Public Sickness, and the 
King. Some of the poems in it were set to 
music by Orlando Gibbons. In 1641, many of 
these hymns were republished, with a few 
alterations; in the Hallelujah, Britain's Second 
Remembrancer, which was dedicated to the 
Long Parliament No music is attached, bat 
tunes are indicated at the head of the pieces, 
where they diverge from the usual metres of 
the OW Version.. It is abookof Hymnsfor all 
sorts of times, states, and seasons, embracing a 
great circle of incidents, some of a minute 
character (e.g. When washing; On a boat; 
Sheep-shearing ; House-warming ; For lovers, 
Tailors, Jailer, Prisoner, Member of Parlia- 
ment). Signs of the time, when the balance 
of power between King and Parliament hung 
so even and the great struggle was epening, 
will be easily seen in many hints and al- 
lusions. It is the work of a waverer on the 
border of the two camps. The general tone 
of it is one of simple practical pie^, the 
language is of studied simplicity, and often 
of melodious grace ; but much of it is not 
above the doggrel level of the Old Version, 
especially iu tbehymns peculiar to the Halle- 
lujah itself. A list of Withers best pieces 
(^jmiu:lEni!yol.Britsn.9thcd.)and some choice 
specimens (Booh of Praise) are given by Lord 
Selborne. There is too great a preponderance 
of meditation and recitative for general use. 
The very tender and sweet " Booking Hymn " is 
only a lullaby. The Sunset Hymn Is found in 
Thring's Coll. (Hy. 21), " Behold the sun that 
seemed but now." Far the finest — a noble 
lyric — is "Come, oh come, with pious lays" 
(Hallel., Bk. 1, Hy. 1). Wither suffered as a 
poet, first from his political misfortunes, and 
afterwards from his rustic simplicity. His 
place in poetry is like that of Cowper, a 
reaction from a funtaetic and artificial style to 
that of natural expression, ringing of the wood* 



348 ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 

land, the country and the home. As such, 
H earned the contempt of Pope (" wretched 
Withers ") and Swift (Wither and Dryden are 
" Baviua and Msevius ") and the sympathy of 
Southey and others. The first to do him jus- 
tice was Percy. (See Percy's Bdiques, " Shall 
1, wasting in despair? ") [Wither George.] 

IX. Hymn* of Herriek, Henry Vauqhun, 

Jeremy Taylor, <fcc. 
The attention of the Puritans was en- 
grossed in the Metrical Psalms. The so- 
called Hymns of Milton do not come under 
the definition of this work. The few hymns 
that were composed are consequently for the 
most part from royalist pens. Crashaw's 
belong more to the hymns of Latin origin, 
and are useless in their present shape, 
Herrick's Noble Humbert (pub. 1617, see 
Grosart's edition of Robert Herrick) contain 
hymns or hymn material. The carols for 
Christmas, The Hew Year, and the Ciioum- 
cision, and a Star Song — all sung before 
Charles at Whitehall— are examples. His 
"Litanie to the Holy Ghost"— "In the hour 
of my distress," several verses of which are 
found in some hymn books (e.g. Ch. H. 390) — 
is full of tenderness ; but the jocund humour 
of the man oddly intrudes on even his 
gravest thoughts in some of the stanzas (e.g. 
" When the artless doctor sees, No one hope 

hut of his fees," &c " When his potion 

and his pill .... meet for nothing but to 
kill," 4c). In Henry Yaughan's Silex 
Seintillans (1650-55. See Grosart'a edition) 
there are many stanzas which might be ad- 
mitted among hymns for private use, and ex- 
pressed by freer and higher music Two are 
admitted by Mr. Thring in his Coll. : " Beyond 
the veil " is of ethereal beauty. Jeremy 
Taylor's Festival and Penitential Hymn*, 
1654-5 (see Grosart's edition), are praised by 
Heber, and are characteristic of his genius ; 
but it can scarcely be paid that the poetio 
form adds anything to their eloquence, and 
they are odes rather than hymns, probably not 
intended for music. The Advent Hymn, 
"Lord, come away, Why dost Thou stay? : ' 
and that on Charity, " Full of mercy, full of 
love," are however admitted in HeberSt Hymns, 
1827. The Hymn on The Purification is t>ne 
of tho most regular and the best, and might 
perhaps be remodelled without losing its 
crystal lustre. 

[Persons In search of the grotesque may be amused by 
two or three hymns composed by John Goodwin, 
William Earion, and others. Burton paraphrased 
Deborah's Song is a Thanksgiving for the battle of 
Worcester, And gives the congregation the alternative of 
singing Fairfax or Cromwell instead of Barak, " gun- 
ners" [Euteadof *■ arcbeie/' &cj 

X. Hymns of Grossman, Atulin, Ken, dee. 

The Restoration was not favourable to the 
production of Nonconformist hymns. The 
Quaker and the Baptist held even psalm- 
singing a carnal ordinance ; the raising of a 
tnne among other congregations proscribed 
by the Conventicle Act was a signal to the 
constables. In 1664 was published a series of 
nine poems by Samuel Croesman, Prebendary 
and afterwards Dean of Bristol, entitled 
" The Young Man's Meditation : * (reprinted 
by D. Sedgwick), which u worth attention. 



ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 



poem is good, the 7th, on The 
ion, "My life's a shade" (See Bk. 



The 5th 
Resurrection, 

of Praite, eliii.), is equally bo. The most 
beautiful is the 8th, in two parts, called 
" Heaven," from which two well-known hymns, 
" Sweet place, sweet place alone," and " Jeru- 
salem on high" (see Oh. Hy. 394, We». 
H, Bk, 942), nave been taken. The vision 
of the Heavenly City and the delight and 
sadness which it inspires are pourtrayed with 
equal delicacy; and the crisp rhythm, the 
longing refrain, and a trace of Puritan feeling 
add to its charm. In Henry Mare's Divine 
Dialogue* (1667) are seven long hymns on 
the doctrines of the Great Festivals, all 
written on the same plan, — a narrative portion 
succeeded by a practical application. Wesley 
made subsequent use of them ; though not de- 
void of devotion, they arerather coldly didactic. 
In 1668 appeared The Devotions in the Antieat 
Way of Offices, by that saintly son of the 
Roman tihurch, John Austin, which were 
afterwards edited for Anglican use by Hiokes, 
Dorringtan, and others. Besides one or two 
adaptations of Latin Hymns from Crashaw, 
they contain original h^mng appended to the 
offices ; and few compositions leave such an im- 
pression of simple love to the Saviour.and sweet 
bird-like praise. The 6th Hymn, "Hark, my 
soul, how everything " (Bk. of Praise, 26), and 
the82nd, " Lord, now the time returns " (5 sts. 
in Bk. of Praise, 189), are perhaps the choicest. 
But the rest iu the Book of Praise are in the 
same gentle strain, and the selection could be 
enlarged. At least as early as 1674 were com- 
posed Bp. Ken's three unique hymns, which 
so perfectly represent Ms saintly personality. 
The pieced verses of our hymn-books give 
little conception of tho originals. In the 
matter of form, the harmonious strength of 
familiar stanzas scarcely prepares us for the 
abruptness and even weakness of those 
omitted. As regards substance, " The Mid- 
night Hymn," with its Light of God illumin- 
ing the darkness (cento in Thrine's Coll. 62) 
has scarcely a place ip. our books ; the 
extracts from " The Morning Hymn " mainly 
exhibit the manly piety, the inviolate con- 
acience and energy of duty, which George 
Eliot accentuates in Adam Bedo; and those 
from " The Evening Hymn " the spirit of 
serene humility and trust : but in Ken all 
tins is but the lower side of a realization, in 
which his praise is mingling with the heard 
anthems of hoaven, and life is only life 
because overstreamed by the presence of God. 
It is the intensity of this spiritual imagination 
— and not the thoughts, which are found in 
many similar hymns, as the natural sugges- 
tion of the time, and even less the language, 
which is bare of imagery, and only dis- 
tinguished by the restraint of rhyme from 
direct massive prose— that lifts these hymns 
to an angel level reached by no other 
English hymns. The four volumes of Ken's 
Poetical Works have many passages full of 
pathos, and breathe his habitual spirit of high 
devotion. The Anodynes and Preparations 
for Death are very touching, read with the 
context of the sufferings they solaced : and we 
turn eagerly in search of ore to The Hymns 
for the Festivals. But they are the poems of 
old age ; the natural force is abating ; th« 



ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 

naked diction more conspicuous ; and the 
metres too irregular for use. [Em, Thnmu.] In 
the Poetical Fragment* of Richard Baxter 
there are three or four hymns of a grave 
character very similar to the style of the 
metrical psalms, and characteristic of his 
solid piety. The most pothetie is " The 
Covenant and Confidence of Faith," from 
which the hymn " Now it belongs not to my 
care™ is taken. 

XI, Milton's Song* of Praise. 
Attention ha* been drawn of late, partly 
through their republication by Mr. Sedgwick, 
to the Songs of Praise by John Mason (1683), 
They ran through many editions in their 
day, and influenced Watts and the Wesleys, 
who grafted some of the terse lines into their 
stanzas. Beneath the crudity and sameness 
of the verse there is a robust thought and 
great vigour of praise. There is an ancient 
quaintness about his "homespun" ph«isea,and 
yet his familiarity with the Platonic school of 
Divinity, and one or two classical quotations, 
point to a scholarly training. They can sel- 
dom he used as they stand, not only from their 
length and want of unity, but from their un- 
equal merit. But the pungency of single verses 
tempts selection and combination ; more how- 
ever for admission into collections of religious 
poetry than hymnals. His lines in the 11th 
Song, " Man's life's a book of history, The 
leaves thereof are days," are an instance. His 
24th Song supplies the base of the 117th 
hymn in the Salisbury H. Bit. (1857), adapted 
probably by Keblo, "A living stream as 
crystal clear." A revision of the 16th Song 
by Eeble is also found in the Sarum 
Hymnal, 1868, "How beautiful the feet that 
bring." TftePeni(en(iaICWe«byThomasShep- 
herd (excepting the first six and the 86th 
Psalms, by his friend Mason) were attached to 
the Songs of Praise in 1693 and subsequent 
editions. They are of much lower merit than 
Mason's : the feeling of despondency and 
of the withdrawal of God's favour-, which 
characterizes them, has a remarkable affinity 
■with the Ofaey Hymns; and there seem to be 
echoes of his 12th Hymn, on " Lamenting the 
loss of First Love,' ' in Cowper's "Oht for a 
closer walk with God," One of those by 
Mason, "Ah! Lord, Ah! Lord, what have I 
done," is very pathetic. (See Maion, Join.) 

XII. The first Baptist Hymn Booh. Hymns 
adopted in tfoaeonformist Worship. 
At the close of the 17th century, the 
hymn disengages itself freely from para- 
phrase, and is cautiously admitted into Non- 
conformist worship. The first to adopt it 
was the Baptist congregation of Benjamin 
Keach. Reach waB a man of considerable 
Biblical attainments. (See his Treasury of 
Scripture Metaphors,') He had led a hunted life, 
often endangered by his love of singing : his 
cougregationsurprised; and he himself on one 
occasion trampled under a trooper's horse, 
and on another imprisoned. From his little 
book in defence of hymns, The Breach Re- 
paired (1691), it appears that for eighteen 
years previously his congregation had sung a 
hynin at the Lord's Supper. The object of 
bjs book was to establish the practice of sing- 



ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 349 

ing as part of the service on every Lord's Day 
in his congregation at Horsley Down, South- 
ward It was a contribution to a controversy, 
which for a time split the Baptist body into 
singing and non-singing congregations. A 
General Assembly in 1692 rebuked the bitter- 
ness of the discussion, and tried to mediate. 
In his own congregation Keach gained his 
point, and his Spiritual Melody (1691) and 
Spiritual Songs (1696) came into use in his 
own and other places of worship. The volumes 
are of considerable bulk; Spiritual Melody 
contains 300 hymns, Spiritual Songs are com- 
posed of 100 hymns and paraphrases. (See 
History of the Baptists, by Crosby, his son-in- 
law, and the B. T, S. Life of Watts by E. 
Paxton Hood.) 

Hymns must have been introduced into the 
worship of the Independents about 1690. A 
Collection of Divine Hymns (1691) is a com- 
pilation from six different authors, including 
Baxter and Mason. Another (1707) by 
Samuel Bury is gathered from Crashaw, Her- 
bert (turned into cm.) Daniel Burgess, Fox- 
ton, Shepherd, Vincent, Clarke's Annotations, 
and the paraphrases of Boyse and Woodford. 
This is probably by no means a complete list 
of the hymn-writers of that time. The hymns 
themselves are of no value ; but they present 
three points of interest. These " Hat and 
dull" pieces, as Enoch Watts justly styled 
them, fought and won the battle as to the 
legitimacy of hymns, which mode his brother 
Isaac's success possible. In the second place, 
as we review the field of their subjects — 
Keach dealing with the Person of God, the 
Work of Christ, the Holy Spirit, the Bible, 
the Church and Grace ; Shepnerd singing of 
Penitence : Mason, of Praise ; others.of Chris- 
tian experience — the wide range which Watts 
occupied seems less wonderful and less iso- 
lated from the past. And thirdly, it is curious 
to remark that while at present hymns at 
Holy Communion are scarcely used and are 
held in suspicion by many within the English 
Church, the Lord's Supper has been always 
the grand, at one time the sole, occasion for 
hymns among Nonconformists. Thus " When 
I survey the wondrous cross," is one of a whole 
book of sacramental hymns by Watts. The 
1th book of Richard Davis's Hymns consists 
of 20 sacramental hymns. It may be that 
hymns were more used at Holy Communion 
within the Church than we imagine. Mr. W. 
T. Brooke has pointed out a curious note pre- 
fixed to a long sacramental hymn in Withers 
Hymns and Songs of the Church, in which he 
speaks of a custom of singing a hymn during 
the administration : and a remark in Enter 
into Thy Closet (2nd ed. 1668, pp. 401-2) to the 
effect that the metrical psalms were generally 
sung during the communion of the people. 
There is also among the hymns appended to 
ttie Old Version, the Thanksgiving after 
receiving the Lord's Supper. Is it possible 
that the introduction of hymns in the Com- 
munion Service was not illegal under the 
Inj unctions of E lizabeth, as being < l after Morn- 
ing Prayer"? 

HE Isaac Watts. 
Notwithstanding the contempt with which 
his name is often mentioned, and the faint 



350 ENGLISH HYMNODY, EARLY 

praise of his hymns by Dr. Johnson, few have 
left such a solid contribution to out best hymns 
as Isaac Watts (see Book of Praise, and Lord 
Selborne's article in the Encyd. Brilan., 9th 
ed. : Hymns'), and no one has so deeply impressed 
himself on their structure. Approaching him 
from the past, his advance beyond Keach, 
Barton, and Mason is immense. Inheriting 
from the tradition of the metrical Psalms a 
healthy strength of thought and a habit of 
broad and jubilant praise, impressed through 
the paraphrases with the necessity of a rich 
Scripture groundwork, and supplied with a 
wide range of subjects by his immediate pre* 
decessors, he is in his best pieces gifted with 
a Boft richness of diction, and a free, vigorous 
rhythm (especially in his L.M.); the distinc- 
tive characteristic of his unaffected piety — a 
very remarkable one in such a suffering life- 
being a pervading joyousness and buoyant 
faith, lighting up even his saddest hymns. 
His faults are bombast and doggrel. Turgid 
epithets and tawdry ornaments were the 
fashion of the time ; and they probably adver-. 
tised his hymns in literary circles, as they did, 
in a parallel case, The Neic Version. No one 
that has studied the hymns that preceded 
him, will wonder that Watts was indifferent 
about doggrel. The Metrical Versions of the 
Psalms, from Sternhold to Tate and Brady, 
were full of it : so were Mason, Keach, and the 
rest: and the ignorance of the people, the decay 
of music, the slow singing, the habit of giving out 
the verses line by line, were almost insuperable 
obstacles to continuous grace of expression. 
It is due to Watts to point out how frequently 
in his prefaces he speaks of the " fetter " of 
" the old narrow metres," the necessity of 
giving each line by itself a complete sense, 
and of " sinking it to the level of a whole con- 
gregation" as the accepted restraints under 
which he wrote: nor, though he strove to 
catch the ear of the world of letters, did he 
ever sacrifice to this object the edification of 
the people, to whom he ministered. It will 
be found that just in those pieces, where he 
is conscious of a refined audience on the one 
side and the unlettered congregation on the 
other, Watts's best work appears. With one or 
two exceptions (e.g. " He dies, the Friend of 
Sinners dies," Hor. Lyr.y, neither the Mors. 
Lyriesa (1705), addressed to the literary world 
alone, nor, on the other hand, the sermonlike 
hymns attached to his London&ermci»s(172i~ 
24), which ore tamed down to the congrega- 
tional level, and least of all the Divine and 
Moral Song* for Children (1715), contain his 
finest pieces; hut his Hymns (1707-9) and 
Psalms (1719. See Fialttn, Engluh, § xv.), 
both of which were composed for the primary 
use of the people, yet with BOtne hope that 
they might allure a finer taste. 

But Watts's place in this history is to be 
estimated not only by the pieces he has left 
us, but by his enduring influence on the struc- 
ture of our hymns. This influence is exhibited 
not in his use of the old metres, whioh are a 
heritage of the metrical Psalters, but in that 
compact and balanced form — what Mont- 
gomery calls "having a beginning, middle, 
and end " — which characterises a large sec- 
tion of our hymns, and whioh, though an 
English specialty not greatly regarded in the 



ENNODIUS, MAGNUS F. 

hymns of antiquity, Montgomery lays down 
as essential. There is very little of this sense 
of proportion of parts and central unity in 
the hymns that precede Watts ; but it is very 
perceptible iu him : and the demand for it 
has steadily gained in strength since. It is 
curious to note that it originated probably not 
so much framartistic requirements as from the 
slow singing, which waited the number of 
verses, the clerk's practice of skipping and 
combining verses in the metrical Psalms, and 
the preacher's habit of condensing into a 
hymn, given out at the close, the substance or 
application of his sermon, (See also Witti, 
Iiaas.) 

The fullest representation of Watts is natu- 
rally found iu The New Congregational Hymn 
Book. But that in The Book of Praim is also 
large. We can only note "Come we that lovo 
the Lord " {Hymns, Bk. 2, 30), " Why should 
the children of a King" (ibid., Bk. 1, 144), as 
examples of simplicity; the well-known "Come 
let us join our cheerful songs" (ibid., Bk. 1, 
62), and the fine hymn of evangelical praise, 
"Join all the glorious Names" (ibid. Bk. 1, 
ISO), as specimens of Scriptural richness; 
several hymns on Death, the finest, spite 
of its Tuggedness, being, " Do flesh and nature 
dread to die" (Sermons, 43): "My God, 
how endless is Thy love!" (Hymns, Bk. 1, 
81), as a specimen of warmth and softness; 
and the masterpiece of impassioned contempla- 
tion, " When I survey the wondrous cross " 
(Hymns, Bk. 3, 7). [For Psalms see Tuttun, 
English, § XV.] 

XTV. P. Doddridge. 
The hymns of Philip Doddridge were so 
plainly the immediate progeny of Watts, that 
a short notice of them may be given as the 
close of this article. His hymns were sung 
as the enforcement of his sermons, given out 
probably from the pulpit line by line. They 
were first published (1755), after his death, by 
his pupil, Job Orton. They have not the 
power or the richness of Watts, and a defi- 
ciency of ear gives them thinness of tone. 
But they excel Watts in simplicity, serenity, 
and tenderness : there is a sweetness in his 
cm. which Watts rarely equals, while his 
L.at. is often cold and artificial. His 43rd, 
however, " Eternal Source of every joy," and 
310th, " Lord of the Sabbath," have much of 
the melody of Watts ; nor has Watts any hymn 
so perfect in the combined qualities of feeling, 
structure, melody, and diction as Doddridge s 
171st, "My God, and is Thy table spread." 
The 363rd, " Interval of grateful shade," has 
a lustrous delicacy, but is a lyric rather than 
a hymn. His 210th, " Hark I the glad sound," 
which is in every hymn-book, is one of the 
purest examples of his style. The exqui- 
sitely tender 216th, « Do not I love Thee, oh 1 
my Lord," is too spiritual for common use. A 
full selection of Doddridge's hymns will be 
found in the New Cong. H. Bk., and in the 
Book of Praise. [Sec also Doddridrt, Philip.] 

[H. L. B.J 

Ermodius, Magnus Felix, was h. at 
Aries, circa 473, and was connected with 
several Komeras of distinction. Losing his 
property at an early age through the invasion 
of the Visigoths, ho went to Milao, where he 



ENQUIRE, YE PILGRIMS 

was received and educated by an aunt In 
489, through the death, of hie aunt, he was 
again reduced to destitution : but soon re- 
trieved his fortunes by marrying a lady of 
wealth. A recovery from a dangerous sick- 
ness led him to reflect on his somewhat dis- 
solute character, and to change his whole life. 
His wife retired into a convent, and he was 
ordained Deucon by the Bishop of Pavia. 
Under Pope Hermisdas he was advanced to 
the see of Favia about 514, and was employed 
on two important missions to the Emperor 
Anastasius in order to oppose the spread of 
the Entychian heresy; but in both instances 
he was unsuccessful. Ha d. in 521, and was 
buried iu the Church of St. Michael, Pavia, 
July 17, 521. His works, eleven iu all, were 
puu amongst the Attctores Orthodoxographici, 
Basle, 1591 ; again, by Andrew Schott, 
Toumai, 1611, and in Migne, torn, lxiii. Six- 
teen of his hymns, some consisting* only of a 
few lines, were included in Daniel, 1., exxi.- 
exxxvi. Of these the following have been tr. 
by the Bev. S. A. W. Dnffield :— 

1, Ghriite lumen perpetuum. Trutt in CXritt. Tr, 
as " Christ, the etenudligbt," in lawda Domini, N. Y., 
1883. 

S. Ohriata pracamnr annus, Evening. Tr. u "To 
Tbw, Christ, we ever pity," ••> lavdtt Domini, N. Y ., 
1883. 

For fuller details concerning Ennodius and 
his works, see Dicty. of Christ. Bioq., art. 
Hhmodius. [J. J.J 

Enquire, ye pilgrims, for the way. 

P. Doddridge. [Inrffoiton.] This is No. 137 
of bis posthumous Hymm, &e,, 1755, in Gst.of 
4 1., and No. 155 in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of 
the same, 1839. It is based on Jer. 1. 5. In 
most American hymnals it is given as " In- 
quire, ye pilgrims," &c. In the Olatreh Pas- 
torals, Boston, U.S., 1864, at, iv., iii., v., vi. 
are given in the order named as " Oome, let 
us join our souls to God," and appointed for 
the admission of Church members. [J, J.] 

Enslaved to aenae, to pleasure prone. 

C. Wesley. [Lent.} This hymn, although of 
a penitential cliaraeter, was pub. as a "Grace 
before Meat" in Hys. and Sac. Poems, 1739, 
in 8 si of i 1. (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 
82.) IntheWw.fi'.Bft.,1780, it was given as 
the first hymn of section it., "For mourners 
convinced of sin " (No. 104), and as suoh it 
was retained in the revised ed. of 1875. It is 
also used as a penitential hymn in several 
other collections in G. Britain and America. 
The Grace, " Come then, our heavenly Adam, 
come," Wat. H. Bk., No. 1009, is st. \. of this 
hymn. [J. J.] 

Enthroned on high, Almighty Lord. 
T.Haweit. [WhittwUide.'] 1st pub. in his 
Carmina Chnrto, ftc„ 1792 (2nd ed„ 1802.). 
No. IS in 5 st. of 4 1., and entitled, " Bay of 
Pentecost." It was included in several of the 
older collections of G. Britain, but its modern 
use is mainly confined to America, where it is 
given in a large number of collections. In 
some of these, as in H, A. Boardraan's Presb. 
Bol. of Hymns, I860, it is attributed to 
"Humphries." This error is as early as J. 
Conder's Cong. K. Bk., 1836, if not earlier. 
Orig. text in Lyra Brit, 1867, p. 286. [J. J.] 

'EmipaTe irvKai. ['amVttji vpi^wpot.] 



EVETSAMHN SE THN 



351 



Eire/3r} oj? \ecov, St. John of Damas- 
cus. [St. Paul.] This is the ivth Ode in the 
Canon of St. Paul in the Office of SS. Peter 
and Paul, June 30, in the Menaea. It is 
given in Pitra's Mym. Grec. p. 76. Dr. Little- 
dale's tr., "Against the Church of Jesu%" is 
good, and close to the original with the omis- 
sion of the Theotokion (address to the B. V. MV), 
The tr. was 1st pub. in the People's H., 1867, 
No. 237, and signed "F." It is appointed 
for the "Conversion of St. Paul." [J. J.J 

'^i(p£<rrr}X£v j; Tff&ipa. [tV iiupav tV 
Ephrem, the Syrian. [Bjrfae Hymnody.] 

'EttJ T*}<: 6ela<i $vkOKr)<i. ['Aea<rrii- 

Epiphaniam Domino canamua glo- 
riosam. [Epiphany.) This Sequence occurs 
in a us. of Sequences (circa 1000) in the Bod- 
leian Library, Oxford, No. 775, f. 140. It is 
also in a Winchester us. of the 11th cent, 
new at Carpus Christi College, Cambridge, 
and an 11th cent us. in the British Museum 
(Harl. 2961, f. 251 b\ In the Sarum Missal 
it is tho Sequence for the Feast of the Epi- 
phany only. In tho Hereford Mimed it is ap- 
pointed for the Epiphany itself, its Octave, 
and the Sunday in the Octave. In the York 
Missal it is divided into three parts ; (1) 
"Epiphaniam Domini," (2) " Balaam de quo 
vaticinans," and (3) "Magi slbi stella." The 
first is to be said on the Feast of the Epi- 
phany, the second on the first day after; the 
third on the second day after, and so on, to 
the Octave, when the entire Sequence has to 
he sung. If however the 2nd or 3rd part 
should iall upon a Sunday, then it gave place 
to the proper Sequence for the " Translation 
of St. William the Archbishop," the Festival 
of that day. Text in reprints of tho Sorwm, 
Hereford, and York' Missals, and Kehrein, 
No. 27. [W. A. SJ 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Sing we In triumphal gladow*. By B. F, 

Littledale, written for and 1st pub. in the 
People's H., 1867, No. 45, and signed "A. L. P." 
It is in 7 st. of 6 1. 

%, o «nu and prab* with obant and wng. By 
E. H. Plumptre, contributed to the Jfymnary, 
1372, in 6 st. of 3 1., and appointed for use at 
the Holy Communion during the Epiphany. 

TranilatiOM not in 0. V, : — 
\. All glory to the Lord's Epiphany, C. B. Imuran. 
The JSarum Mittal in EHglitk, 1ȣ8. 

2. Let us duly magnify. C. B. Peanon, Sequence! 
from, the &u-iun JfCuat, 1S11. [J. J.] 

Epietles, Hymns on the. [Prayer, Book 

of Oommos.] 

*Jtyev<Tafi/>)v <re t?}v aXtfdeuiv, Xoye. 
St. Gregory of Naziantus. " A hymn at night, 
after fuiluw to keep vow," found in various 
editions of his Works, and in the Anth. Graee. 
Car. Cftrf»t.,p.28,1871. From this latter work 
Mr. Chatfield made his tr., "O Thou, the 
Word of truth divine," and pub. the same in 
his Song* and Hys., &&, 1876, p. 121, in 3 st 
of 4 1. The original dates 321-389. [Onck 
Hymned)', § iv] [J. J.] 



352 ERE ANOTHER SABBATH'S 

Ere another Sabbath's close. [Sun- 
day.] We have traced this popular hymn to 
the Missionary Minstrel, a little 48mo coll., 
edited by " O. P." and pub. by Nisbet, Loo., 
Hay, 1826, a much enlarged edition being 
issued a few years later. It reads : — 
1. Ere another Sabbath's close, 
Ere again we seek repose, 
Lord, our song ascends to Tbee. 
At Thy feet we bow the knee, 
li. For the mercies of the day, 
For this rest upon out way, 
Thanks to Tbee alone be given. 
Lord of earth and King of heaven, 
lit. Cold our services have been. 
Mingled every prayer with sin ; 
Hot Tbon canst and wilt forgive. 
By Thy grace alone we live. 
tv. One there Is at Thy right hind, 
Angels bow at Hit! command ; 
Yet He suffered in our stead, 
And His wounds onr pardon plead, 
v. By the merits of Thy Son, 
By the victory He won, 
Pardoning grace and peace bestow, 
Whilst we Journey bens below, 
vl. Whilst this thorny path we tread, 
May Thy love cur footsteps lead ; 
When our journey here is past, 
May wo rest with Thee at last, 
vli, Let these earthly Sabbaths prove 
Sweet foretastes of Joys above j 
While their steps Thy pilgrims bend 
To that rest which knows no end. 

It has the initials appended, " O. P.," in 
common with about half of the hymns in the 
volume. One of the first, if not the first, to 
adopt it for congregational use ■wasBaptist W. 
Nod, who included it with the omission of at 
iv. and v. in his Selection, in 1832 (sometimes 
dated 1833 in error). Prom this fact arose 
the mistake of attributing it, at one time, to 
Baptist W. Noel, and at another, to his 
brother, Gerard T. Noel. In 1833 the same 
stanzas were repeated in Bickersteth's Chris- 
tian Psalmody, and subsequently in other 
collections, its use in all English-speaking 
countries is most extensive. Prom this hymn 
ft cento beginning with st. ii., " Por the mer- 
cies of the day," has come into extensive use 
in America, and is sometimes ascribed to " J. 
Montgomery, 1853," as in Dr. Hatfield's Church 
H. Bk., N. Y., 1872. Its correct designation 
is " O. P., Missionary Minstrel, 1826." 

[W. T, B.] 

Ere Christ ascended to His throne. 
B. Beddome. [Adult Baptism.'] Pub. in his 

fosthumous Hymns, &«,, 1817-18, No. 596, in 
st. of 4 1., and headed "The Commission." 
In addition to its limited use in its full form, 
it is also abbreviated in some American collec- 
tions. In the Psalmist, 1843, Bapt. Praise 
Bk., N. Y., 1871, st. iii.-v. are given as, " Blest 
Saviour, we Tliy will obey " ; and in tho Sab- 
bath M. [4 Tune] Bk., N. Y., 1858 {Bapt. 
edition), the same stanzas as " Dear Saviour, 
we Thy will obey." These arrangements are 
not in use in G. Britain. [J. J.] 

Mrs God had built the mountains, 
W. Comper. [Divine Wisdom.'] Pub. in the 
Olney Hymns, 1779, Bk. i., No. 52, in 4 st. of 
8 1. and based on Prov. viii. 22-31. It is 
found in several collections, both old and new, 
in G. Britain, and is also in use in America. 
A rendering into Latin, " Priusquam Deun 
altos montes," by ft. Bingham, was given in 
his Hymno. Christ. Lat., 1871, p. 251. [J, J-] 



EEHALT UNS, HEBK 

Ere I [we] sleep, for every favour 
J. Cennick. [Evening.] Pub. in his Sacred 
Hys. for (he Children of God, Ac, 1741, 
No. 14, in 7 st of 4 I., as the second of two 
hymns for evening. It was repeated in later 
editions of the same work, in Whitefield's Coil, 
1754; in M. Madan's P». & Hys., 1760; the 
early editions of I*dy Huntingdon's Coll., and 
others of the old collections, and is also well 
known to modern hymnals, but usually in an 
abbreviated form, and sometimes as " Ere we 
sleep," die. Orig. text in Stevenson's Hys. for 
the Ch. 6c Home, 1873, with the omission of 
st. vii., which reads: — - 

" So whene'er In death I elmnber, 
let me rise fl With the wise, 
Counted In their number." [J. J.T 

Ere mountains reared their forma 
sublime. Harriet Aaber. [God eternal^ 
Man passing away.] Appeared in her Spirit 
of the Psalms, 1829, in 4 st. of 4 1. In tbe 
American hymn-books it is given in its 
original L. w. form, as in Hedge and Hunting- 
ton's Hys. for ths Ch. of Christ, 1853, and 
several later Hymnals ; and in a peculiarform 
to suit the music adopted in Church Pastorals, 
BoBton, 1864. From Miss Anbet and H. F. 
Lyte having both pub. works with the title 
The Spirit of the Psalms, this hymn has some- 
times been attributed to Lyte in error. [J, J.] 

Ere the blue heavens were stretch'd 
abroad, J. Watts. [Divinity and Humanity 
of Glirist.] 1st pub, in his H. & 8. Songs, 
1707, Bk. i. No. 2, in G st, of 4 1. In addition 
to its somewhat extensive use in its original 
form in G.Britain and America, it is also given 
in an altered form as, "Before the heavens 
were spread abroad," in Songs for ttie Sanc- 
tuary, N. Y., 1865-72, and others. [J, J.] 

Ere the 'words of peace and love. 

Bp. E. if. B'tclterttefh. [Holy Matrimony.] 
Written in 1869, and nub. in his H. Com- 
panion, 1870. It is also in his The Two 
Brothers, and Other Poems, 1871, and appointed 
to be sung after the blessing, "Almighty God, 
who at the beginning," &a. From Bp. Bicker- 
steth's Notes to the fl. Camp, we gather that 
it was written for that collection. [J. J.] 

Erhalt una, Herr, be! deinem Wort. 
M. Lather. [Peace and Orthodoxy.] This 
hymn was probably written 1541. In that 
year a service of prayer against the Turks was 
held at Wittenberg, for which Luther pre- 
pared a special office, in which most of the 
music was arranged for the boys of the choir. 
It was printed in broadsheet lorm at Witten- 
berg, 1542 ; appeared in Low German, in the 
Magdeburg G. B-, 1542 ; and then in High 
German in King's GeisUiehe Lieder, Witten- 
berg, 1543-4. In Klug it was entitled "A 
hymn for tbe children to sing against the 
two arch-enemies of Christ, and His Holy 
Church, the Pope and the Turks." Thence 
in Wadternagel, iii. p. 26, in 3 st. of 4 ]., and 
Schircks's ed. of Luther's Geist. Lieder, 1854, 
p. 44. Additional stanzas from various sources 
have often been appended to this hymn, the 
most popular being those by Justus Jonas, 
probably written in 1545, against the Council 
of Trent. These are: — iv. "Ihr AnschSag, 
Herr, ski nichte mach"; v. "So 7/erden wir 



BEHALT UNS, HBBR 

erkennen docb," and appear, added to Luther's 
three, at the end of the BadUehlag det aller- 
heyligtten Voters Babstt Pttttlt des Britten, wit 
dem Collegia Cardinaliwngehalten, trie dot 
angetatite Concilium zu JWent fUramehmen 
gey." Anna h.d.xly, (Wacieroagers JJiHi'o- 
qraiphie, 1855, p. 20*,) Thig text, in 5 st., 1b 
No. 723 in Burg's Breelau G. £., 1746. 

The hymn soon came Into universal use, at morning 
end ev enlng devotions, before sermon, Ik. Lenxmann, 
In Koch, viil. 139-134, gives various instances of the 
resentment of the Bomauiste, especially against at. 1.. 
1. 2, " Und steur dee Papst und Ttlrkeu Mord,'' which 
In many recent hymn-books Appears as " Und Bteure 
detner Feinde Mord." It came Into nee fn England 
through Wtsrtome's version (see below), of which Warton 
in hie Hilt, of Bag. Poetry, sect, ilv, {evidently not 
knowing that wisdoms was merely the translator) thus 
speaks: — Ho is chiefly memorable for his metrical 
prayer, Intended to be sung in the church, against the 
Pope and the Turk, of whom be seems to have conceived 
the most alarming apprehensions. It Is probable that 
be thought Popery and Mahometanism were equally dan- 
gerous to Christianity, at least the most powerful and 
sole enemies of our religion . . . Happily we nave 
hitherto survived these two formidable evils!" The 
Turk, however, had come nearer to Wittenberg than to 
London, having under the role of Suleiman the law- 
giver (1520-1668) conquered the greater part or Hungary, 
and even besieged Vienna. Moreover we tod that in 
England In 1565 a form of prayer was issued to excite 
all godly people to pray "for the delivery of these 
Qiristlans that are now Invaded by the Turk." One 
passage from Luther's Tnofc folk will sufficiently show 
bis sentiments : " Antichrist is the Pope and the Turk 
together i a beast lull of Lite must havea body and soul; 
the spirit or soul of Antichrist Is the Pope, bis flesh or 
body the Turk. The latter wastes and assails and per- 
secutes God's Church corporally ; the former spiritually 
and corporally too, with hanging, burning, murdering, 
fee. Hut, as in the apoetles' time, the Church had tbe 
victory over the Jews and Romana.so now will she keep 
the field Arm and solid against the hypocrisy and Idolatry 
of the Pope, and tbe tyranny and devastation of the 
Turk and her other enemies." Sokn't td.,p. 19a. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

I, Preserve us Lorde by Thy dean Words, By 
K. Wisdome in .Boyd's Psalter, 1560-1. St. i.,ii,, 
are close, iri. free, und iv. an added doiology. It 
was repeated in 1562, 1565, and many of the 
later eds. of Sternhold and Hopkins, and is found 
in o few hymnals of this century, e.g. st, L-iii,, 
altered to "blest Word," were included as No. 
501 in J. Biekersteth's Ps. # J£gs., 1833. 

S, Oh God! uphold na by Thy lrord, And lot. 
A paraphrase of st. i.-v., in Miss Fry's S. of the 
Reformation, 1845, p. 73, and thence, reduced to 
4 st, of 8 ]., beginning, " Lord, send forth Thy 
mighty Word," as No. 205, in J. Whittemore's 
Suppl. to All H.Bhz., 1880. 

& Lord, uphold us by Thy Word, And break, 
A tr. of st. i.-iii., v., by W. M. Reynolds, as 
No, 968 in the American Luth. Gen. Synod's 
Bymn, 1850-52. 

4. From all h*r foe* Thy Ghunh, Lord. A 
good tr. of st. i,-iii., by A. T. Russell, as No. 135 
in his Ps. $ Hys., 1851, repeated as No. 129 in 
Dr. Pagenstecher's Coll., 1864. 

p. Lord, by Thy Word deliverance work, A tr. 
of st. i.-iii., in E. Hassie'a if. XufAcr's Spir. 
Song*, 1854, p. 37, repeated, altered, and with 
trs. of at. ir., v. added, as No. 148 in the Ohio 
Lath. Hyl., 1880. 

,8. Lord, keep us steadfast In Thy word, A tr. 
of st. L— iii. (set to the melody which appeared in 
Slug, 1543-4), as No, 103 in Miss Wink-worth's 
C. B. for England, 1863; repeated as No. 316 
in the Pennsylvania Luth. Cli. Bk., 1868. 

Translations not In O. IT, !— 

(1) " Keen no, Lord, by Thy pure word," as No. 311 
Inpt. 1, of tbe Abrovfcm E.Bk., iTd*. <,a)«OhOod! 



ES GIENGEN TREW 



353 



uphold us by Thy Word, And scatter," by Mitt Pry, 
lstS, p. US. (3) "Great Oodi preserve us by Thy 
Word,'' by J. Anderson, 1S4S, p. 3S (1st;, p. 64). (4) 
" Preserve us, Lord, and grant that we," by ilr. J. Bunt, 
1H63, p. S3. (5) " Tbon Fatber-Oed, our souls sustain," 
by Or, B. Matt, 1*66, p. 146, (8) "God, " 
by Tlw strong word," by B. Mattie, 1867, 



,i&se,p.H6, (a) "God, hold us i 

., _ ^ /ord," by B. JToirii!, 186?, p. SOS. (7) 

f Lorn, keep ua by Thy word In hope," by Dr. G. Mac- 



r, ISM, p.' 

altered, in his Uxotict, JB79, p. as. £8) " Lord keep us 
in Thy word and work, Restrain," based on Mitt Wtnk- 
aarth, in Dr. Bacon, isst, p. ft). [J, jj j 

ErakLne, Ralph, was a. of Henry Erskinc, 
who was Rector of Cornhill, Northumberland, 
before tbe Act of Uniformity in 1662, and after 
the Revolution of 1688 was Parish minister of 
Chimside, Berwickshire. He was b. at Money- 
laws, Northumberland, March IS, 1885, his 
father being then in exile from Scotland for 
taking part in conventicles. He entered the 
University of Edinburgh in 1699, was licensed 
to preach in 1709, in 1711 ordained second 
minister of the Abbey Church, Dunfermline, 
and became first minister in 1716. Joining in 
1737 with the " Four Brethren," who, protest- 
ing against the action of the General As- 
sembly on Patronage, had been loosed from 
their charges by the Commission in 1783 and 
had formed themselves into a Presbytery at 
Gairney Bridge, near Kinross, Dec. 5, 1733, 
thus founding the Associate Church, he was 
with them and three others cited to, and de- 
posed by, the General Assembly of 1740. 
In 1740 the majority of his congregation 
seceded with him and built him a church 
iu Queen Anne Street, Dunfermline, in which 
he continued to minister till his death. Hedid 
not, however, cease to preach in his turn in 
the Abbey Church till after May, 1742. He d. 
at Dunfermline, Not. 6^ 1752. His published 
works are included in his 

SertaofM (Hid otter Practical Work* (Glas. DM- 
1765), the complete folio ed. In 2. vols, ed by John 
Newiands (his son-in-law), contains a short memoir, 
14r sermons, and (1) Gotpcl Stinnett: or, Spiritual 
Smgt. These Cttpcl Sotutett, of which the Jnd and 
complete ed. appeared In Edinburgh, If 2s, and tbe 5th 
finally revised, in Loudon, 1741, though homely, en- 
joyed great popularity, and did much good in Scotlsnd 
in the last century. (2) A Farapkrare upon the Sottjf 
of aMoston. In this, ilrst pub. in Edinburgh, 1138, the 
" Song " is spiritualised at great length. (3) Scripture 
Smgt. These are in 1 Books. The Old Testament 
Songs are (i.) 14 Songs from Genesis to Job ; (ii.) Job's 
Hymns, loo ^(iti.) The Song of Solomon, complete; (iv.) 
al Songs from Eccleslastes, Isaiah, and Jeremiah ; (v.) 
Lamentations, complete ; (vl.) s Songs from tbe Minor 
Prophets. Tbe New Testament Songs are (1.) 11 Songs 
from the Gospels j (11.) 24 Songs from the Epistles ; (ill.) 
Ift Songs from the BevelaUon. Of these parts the 2nd 
(Glas., 1763), tbe 3rd (Glas., 1152), and the Hh (Glas., 
1750), tbe Old Testament, were toe first pub. separately. 
The remainder, pub. at Glasgow, in 1764 as jbrtprure 
Smgt. in a Books, were undertaken by request of the 
Associate Synod, in 1748, but not being pub. before Ers- 
klne's death never came Into Church use. Many are altered 
from 'Watts, and some from the JVaiw. and paraph, of 
1745. (4) Miteettancaut Poems. These include 3 English 
and 2 Latin Elegies, a poem on the Civil Magiatrate and 
Uellgtou, and 7 Epitaphs, Smoking Spiritualited is 
given at the end of the Gotpel Sonnet* [see Boottiali 
Hymnody, £ vi.] A number of pieces by Erskine were 
Included, more or less altered, in the Moravian hymn- 
books. The only one found in a modern hymnal which 
Is well known is annotated under, " Ah I mournful case, 
what can afford," and another not now in 0. 0. under' 
" Aurora veils her rosy face." f J. M.j 

Es giangen trew frewlaolt also frfi, 

[Eaiter.'] A 13th cent. Easter carol on the visit 
of the Holy Women to the Sepulchre on 
Easter morning. It is given by Wackernagel, 
ii. p. 360, in 10 st. of i 1. with " Alleluia " 



354 



Eg 1ST EIN BOS 



from a. paper hb. of 1516 now at Heidelberg. 
Hoffmann von Falleisleben, 1861, p. 84, has 
a text leading; " Ea giengen dri froultvs," and 
in 13 st The only tr. is " There went three 
damsels ere break of day," by Miss Wivkmorih, 
1869, p. 85. [J. M.] 

Eb iet ein Bos (Beis) entsprungen, 

[Christmas.] Woekemaget, ii. p. 925, gives 
two forms, the first in 23 st. of 7 1. from the 
SpeUr G. B. (R. C), 1600 (BaUmher, i. p. 156, 
cites it as in the ed. of 1599), the second in 6 
st from the Andernaeh G. B. (R. CO, 1608. In 
his Kletnei <?. .B-, 1860, No. 8, he gives st i.-v., 
xxiii., from the Speiex, with the fine melody 
found there. He thinks it was originally a 
15th or 16th cent. Christmas or Twelfth Night 
Carol in the diocese of Trier. 

It is founded on St. Luke 1,, tL, and on Isaiah xi. 1, 
2. It interprets Isaiah's " Snoot out of tbe stock of 
Jesse " not as our Lord Jesus Christ, but as the Virgin 
Mary. The only tr. is " A spotless Hose ia blotrlng," a 
tr. of st. i., 11. of tbe Speier, by JKu Winkuorth, 18S9, 
p. 85. [J. M.] 

Es 1st nieht scliwer ein Christ zu. 

Bein. C. F. Bichter. [True Christianity.'] 
1st appeared as No. 228 in Freylmghaasen's 
Weiws geistreitihe* <?. B., 1714, in 8 st, of 4 1. 
It is a companion to his earlier hymn, " Es 
kostetviel ein Christ au sein'' (1st pub. as No, 
659 in Freylinghsusen's G. B., 1704 ; but not 
tr. into English), and with it was republished 
in his Erbavliche Betracht&ngen oom Vrsprwng 
und Add der Seelen, Halle, 1718, where tbe 
earlier is entitled "On the seriousness and 
difficulty of True Christianity," and tho later 
"on the Easiness and Lovableness of True 
Christianity." They are given as companion 
hymns in the Unv. L. S, 1851, Nos. 305, 306, 
botli in 8 st. The only tr. in 0. U, of " Es 
ist nicht sohwer," is; — 

'Xts not a [too] hard, too high an aim. By 
Moses Browne. Included in The Excellency of the 
Knowledge of Jostts Christ, &c, Lond., 1772. This 
work ii a tr. of a treatise by J. L, Zimmermann 
{Die iiberschwengliche Erkenntniss Jesa Christ!), 
pub. at Halle in 1732, in which the hymn is in- 
troduced with a Latin version by Zimmermann. 
Browne's tr. of this hymn b very free, and is in 
8 st. ; st. i., vi., vii. being of 12, ii.-r. of 8, and 
viii. of 4 1. It had previously been contributed 
to the Christian's Magazine, ApiiL 1762, p. 182, 
where it is given as " Luther's Hymn, in eight 
practical rules," and begins " Tis not too arduous 
an essay." The text of 1762 was repeated, with 
variations, as No. 389, in A Coll, of Ps. $ Hys., 
York, R. Spence, 1780, and in the 6th ed., 1806, of 
Moses Browne's Sunday Thoughts. The text of 
1772, however, is that which has conie down, 
mainly in centos, to modern hymnals. It is 
given in full in Miss Warner's II, for the Ch. 
Militant, N. Y,, 1858 (ed. 1861, p. 568), and in 
Collyer's Coll., 1812, Nos. 853-855. Besides 
appearing under its original first line, it is also 
found as follows : — 

1, TnepromiiMpartinGhiist to elatm (st. i, altered*), 
In J. Bickersteth's Ft. and Hyt., IS31, No. 4SO \ E. 
Bickereteth's Cfcritt, ptal., 1S33, and £. H. Blcker- 
steth's Ps. and By t., ISSs. 

1. Be rtron«;,mynearttbehiththyaim(st.i. alt.) In 
Motley's Ch. S. Sic., 1815, No, 31*, 

3. Battue will raise up all hex strife (1., i. $0, !n Net^ 
Ueton's American Village Hyt., 1825, Ho, 396, 

4. Aetbuttheini»nt'i^tlepsjt(il.),inI>r,Bonar's 
Bible S. Bk., Wis, Mo. S3, 



ES SFRICHT DER UNWEISEN 

I, The sovenuni Father, good and Idad (III.) in Coll- 
yer's Colt., 1812, No. 864. 

6, the untie sbe, the test of friend* (vl., 1, 6), In 
Collyer's &U., 1812, No. S5B. 

7, Thys^aolous Gad, thy bait of friend* (st. vl., L 6, 
alt.), ia Moiley's Ch. B. Bk., isae, No. SIS. 

Other t», are, (1) " To be a Christian Is not hard." 
By E. Hassle. 166*. (3) "Give me, my r^'U, the 
Father ssith, toy heart." This "begins with st. lii. as 
No. 35T, In the MtravUm B. Bk., 1S8S. [J. M.] 

Ea kermt der Herr die SeineiL C. 

J. P. Spitta. {The Lord's own.] In the 2nd 
Series, 1843, of his Ptalter and Harfe, p. 75, in 
6 st. of 8 1., founded on ii. Tim, ii. 19, and 
entitled, "The Lord Knoweth HU Own." 
Included as No. 1496 in Enapp's En. L. &, 
1850 (1865, No. 1561). The tr. in O. U. is :— 
Ha knoweth all His people. A good and fall 
tr. by Mrs. Findlater, in the 4th Series, 1862, 
of the H. L. L., p. 25 (1884, p. 196), entitled, 
"The Little Flock." It was given in full as 
No. 439, in the New App., 1869, to the S. P. C. 
K. Ps. $ Sys, Included in Jelliooe's Coll., 
186?, omitting st, v., and in the Uppingham 
and Sherborne School S, Bk., 1874, omitting 
st. ii., iii. In Stevenson's H. for Ch. and Home, 
1873, st. i., iv., v. form No. 75, slightly altered 
and beginning, " God knoweth all His people." 

Another tr, is, "The Lord His people all," 1>y it. 
Mattie, ism, p. 6J. [J. M.] 

Ka reden imd trKumen die Menachen 

viel. [Bhjia.] By Johaim Christoph Friedriek 
von Schiller, b. Nov. 10, 1759, at Marbach, 
Wurtteinbers;, d. May 9, . 1805, at Weimar. 
This little poem, hardly to be called a hymn, 
is one of his "Gtedichte der dritten Periode," 
is entitled Hoffnung and is included in his 
Werhe, Cotta, 1874, vol. L, p. 22, in 3 st, of 6 L 
The only tr. in 0, TJ. is : — 

The world may change from old to new, a fren 
tr. in 3 st. of 8 1., included as No, 127 ia 
W. J. Fox's Hys. & Anthems, 1841, marked aa 
by " Sarah F. Adams," but in later eds. as para- 
[dirased from Schiller. This is repeated ia 
E. Courtauld's Coll., I860, G. Gilfillan's Selection, 
1875, and in America, in the Booh of Hys., 
1846-48, Hedge & Huntington's Coll., 1853, &c. 

Among the in. jwt in C. U. we note (1) " We chil- 
dren of men, we £>at and dream," In Stray Leaves, 
Lond., 1837, p, 6), (X) "We speak with tbe lips and 
we dream in the soul," In Lord Lytton's Poem* 4t 
Balladt qf XcMller. IBM, vol. i. n. T*. {3)"Ofbetter 
and brighter cays to come," In E. A. BowrLng's Poems 
of Schiller, 1S61, p. 232. (4) "Men apeak musb and 
' InW."' "■ - • •' 



dream of a tetter time,' 



. Find's German Lyritt, 



lsas, p. S3. Cs) " All men to epeak and to dream are 
prone. In Dr. H. W. Dnlcken's Book of German Songs, 
185s, p. 278. ii) " Man talks and dreams tbat Time 
will unroll," In Specimen* of Schiller's Minor Poems, 
Lond., 1S67. n> " Mea talk with their lips and dream 
wiih their eouX in Dr. G. Maodonald's Exoties, lSltl, 
p. 122. (s) "Of brighter and happier days to come," 
by J, D. Morelh in &Mlitfc Echoes of German Sims, 
18)1, p. 116. r_j p M.j 

Es sprielit der Unweiaen Muiid 

wohl, M. Ztrfler. [Ps. a;ie.] 1st pub. as 
No. 6 in the Etlich ertstlich Uder, Wittenberg, 
1524, in 6 st. of 7 1., entitled ** The Thirteenth 
Psalm." Waekernagel, iii. p. 6, quotes it 
from Eyn Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524. In 
Schircks's ed. of Luther's GeitU. Ideder, 1854, 
p. 78. and in the Unv. L. 8., 1851, No, 221. 
The only tr. in C. V. is :— 

l"tte mouth of fools doth God wafMa. In full in 
R. Massie's H. Luther's Spir. Songs, 1B54, p. 29, 
repeated as No, 146 in the Ohio Littfi. MyL, 1880, 
and adopted by Dr, Baeon^ 1884, p. 8. 



BS WOLLT' UNS GOTT 



E-WSE AAOM 



351 



Other tra. axe : — 



(11 "TheIo«lisbwlekedmenc«usay*,"byBp, Cover- 
dale, 1MB (Bemairu, 1846, p. 8*1). (a) " Vain foolish 



men profane!? bout," by X (7. JaceSi, 11S6, p. 66 fed. 
1132, p. Btl, repeated as Ho, iw, In pt. LortheAiHttAwt 
£.M t lltt. (3) "Thne speiit the foolish with tbelr 



mouth," by J. ^tiderton, 1*48, p. a* (ed. 1841, p. 49, 
tillered to, " Thus with their mouth the foolish say "J. 
(4) H Though fools In worda may boldly aay," by w , M. 
Reynolds, in the Bvang. Review, Gettysburg, Oct. IMS. 
(jj) " Tbua with their lips the foolish say," by Dr, J, 
Sunt, 18S3, p. 68. (61 ** Although the mouth flay of 
Um unwise, "VDrG-Macdonald, in the Sunday mtga- 
litw, 18SJ, p. UP, altered In hie Scotia, 1*16, p. 64, to 
" Although the fools au with their mouth." 

[J. M.] 
lie wollt' una Oott ganSdig sein. 
jlf. Luther. [Pfc fcrni] First printed at the 
end of Luther's Efa weUe chrUttick Mess 
xuhalti, Wittenberg, 1524, Mid then in Eyn 
Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524. Thence in Waeker- 
nagd, iii. p. 8, in 3 at. of 9 1., in Schircka's ed. 
of Luther's ChsitSiehe Lieder, 1854, p. 45, 
and as No. 222 in the Vnv. L. 8„ 1851. 

It la the ancient Psalm rewritten aa a New Testament 
missionary hymn. It was tbua appropriately used at 
the opening service conducted by C. F. Schwarta, July 
li, iJira, or the Mission Church at Trlchmopoll in 
Southern India (itocA, vili. 1141. It was auug by 
Guetavus Adolphus and bis host Just before the battle 
ofLutsen(see.4&ettGi(iY, No. ft.). 

Translations in C,U. : — 

1. Lord to us be meniAiI, a free tr. in 6 st. of 
4 1. in J. Anderson's H. from German of Dr, M.L., 
1846, p. 45 (1847, p. 64). St. i.-iv. were taken 
slightly altered, and a st. v. added, by G. Rawsoa 
for the Leeds H. Bk., 1853, Ko 82. 

t. Kay 0«d unto us graoions be, a good and full 
tr. by A. T. Russell as Ko. 147 in his Ps. $ Eys., 
1851 ; repeated in Dr. Bacon, 1884, p. 35. 

Other tra. an — (11 " God be mercyfull unto us. 
And eende," by Bp. Coverdale, 163» (Kenafnt, 1846, 
p, 680), almost Tdentlosl with <al "OOod.be mertyfull 
to ua/in the Gads and Godly Ballatet (ed. 16B8, folio 
BS), ed, 1S8", p. ID. (3) " God be mercyfull unto us. 



And grant," by R. Wlsdome 
dalellu the 168» Ftnlmo ' 



ne (probably 
of David, bni 



„ based onOovor- 
but not repeated in 
the English Pialttr, 1662, or the Scottish Putter, 1664. 
Reprinted by Dr. IMngstane at p. 26 of his Disserta- 
tions to TKe ScoUiA Metrical Flatter, 1BS4. (4) " May 
God be gracious to us here," a tr. of st. 1 as Ko. 206 in 
the Appendix of 1T43 to the Moravian B. Bk. 1142 
(IIS*, pt. i., No. 123). (6) " May God Bla grace to 
us dispense," a tr. of st. i aa No. 1116 In the Suppt. of 
lap* to the BbrauianB. Ble., U01. In later eds, altered 
to, "'tbj mercy, Lord, to us dispense" (1886, No. 
•Ml. (SI "Sow may our God His mercy, by .Mill 
J<yy > 184o.p,118. 0) "Father, let us Thy mercy see," 
by Dr. J. Sunt, 1BB3, p. JT. (8) " May God bestow on 
us His grace," by It. Mattie, 1*64, p. 46, repeated asBTo. 
V66 in Betd's Praise sic., lBTa. ft) " To us, O God. 
impart Thygrace,"by Dr.B. milt, W68, p. 201. ^lv) 
" God unto oe right gracious be," by Dr. Cf. MiodonAW 
in the Sunday Magazine, 1881, p, 610. In his .Ebitfct, 
1876, p. if, altered to "Would that the Lord would 
grant us grace." (Ill " May God reveal to ua His 
grace," by JV. L. Frothinghant, mo, p. 3IS. (12) 
" Ah. God, In mercy send Thy grace," in tbe Monthly 
Packet, vol. xiv., 1BJ2; p. 206. [J, M.] 

Es eiebt eta stiller Engel. C. J. P. 

Spitta. [Crow and Consolation^ In the 1st 
fferiea, 1833, of his Psalter and Sarfe (p. 116), 
in 5 st of 8 l.,entitled "Patience." This beau- 
tiful little poem appears in many recent col- 
lections of German Saered Poetry, often en- 
titled "The Angel of Patience," and is in- 
cluded in J. Sturm's Haasandaeht, 1868, p. 
465. The only tr. in C. IT. is :— 

To weary hearts, to mourning homes. By 
J. G. Whittier, in 4 st. of'8 1. Mr. Whittier 
informs no that it was written in 1645 and 1st 
pub, in his PotJin), Boston, U.S., 1849, p. 2S2. 



In his Poetical Works, Lond., MacmilUu & Co,, 
1874, p. 121, it is correctly described as "A 
Free Paraphrase from the German." It has 
been included in full in The South Place Coll., 
1873, Dr. Martineaa'fl H. of Praise and Proffer, 
1873, and Border's Cong. Hyl., 1884; and in 
America, omitting St. ii., in Hedge & Hunting- 
ton's Coll., 1853, Plymouth Cott., 1855, and 
Bapt. Praise Bk., 1871. 

Other tra. are— m « A gentle angel walketb," by 
tlss Borthwiclc in M. L. L,, 1866, p. IS (1884, p. 84) ; 



repeated in the ScUaff-OlIman Ltb. o/ Bel. roetry, 
ed. lg»3, p. 836. (2) " Ia passed tbrough Heaven^ 
portab)," in Sacred Poms by tbe Hon. S. K. Maxwell, 



186), p. 123. (3) " There goes a noiseless angel," by 
Mies SW, 1669, p. is». (41 "A gentle angel wendeth/* 
by B. ddttie, 1866, p. X). (6) "A stilly angel wanderB,'* 
by Hiit Maninpton, 1863, p. 4). (e) " On alLent wings 
an angel," in Dr. H. W. Dulcken's Golden Barp, 1864, 
p. 6S. (YJ " Throughout this earth In stillness," by 
Hiss May in CKrittian Lyrics, Norwich and London, 
1866, p. 133. (81 "A Silent angel wandera," by S. A, 
Starrs, 1881, p. 63. [J. M.] 

"Eo-axre Xaov, Oavfutrovpyav Ae<r- 

TTOTi}?. John the Monk, commonly regarded 
as the same as jSC Johnof Damatcu* (q.v.) Be- 
garding it aa a Canon by Si John it would 
date from about the middle of the 8th cent. 
It ia a Canon for Christmas Day, and the 
Odes are sung in service alternatively with 
those of St Cosmos's X^uttIj ytrvarai Bo{- 
oWt {« Christ is born, Tell forth His fame," 
q.v). In common with all festival Canons, 
Ode it ia omitted. [See Oroek Hymnady, xvi. 
11.] The remaining eight are. — 

01s 1. "Entire Aoov, SauiuHTovfryay At <nroTflr. 
u The Wonder-working Master saved His race." 
This is n rendering in blank verse by Dr, Zittlt- 
date, and was published in his Offices of the H. 
E. Ckurck, 1863, pp. 188-9. W. Chatterton 
Dii'e version in the Lyra Messianica, 1864, pp. 
57-8, is Dr. Littledale's blank verse turned into 
7-6 measure. 

Ode lii. Ncvtroy rpas Gfwous, otiKtrav ettspyira. 
" Bend to onr hymns, Redeemer of Thine own." 
Blank verse ('■■ Littledale's Offices, p. 190. W, 
Chatterton Dii, the same tr. in 7-6 measure, 
Lyra Messianica, pp. 74-5. 

Odo ir. Tivovs Pparciar tJjv ivdrKufftr xxiAsf. 
" The Prophet Habakkuk in ancient song." Blank 
verse tr. Littledale's Offices, &c, p. 193. «Ha- 
bakkuk in ancient song," the same tr. in 6 of 7 
measure by W. Chatterton Dii, Lyra Messianica, 
pp. 93-4. 

Ode v. 'Ek futtToi e"p7«c iatuyruirfUrni wAdnji. 
" From the night toils of darkened wandering." 
Littledale's Offices, &c, pp. 194-5, 

Ode vi. NoW 'iM/is 0/ fi-uxovt BaKarrlets. 
" Jonah, abiding in the ocean depths." Little- 
dale's Offices, &c, p. 196. 

Ode viL Ty Tavr&iraKTOs tfaAtavKto'ay ir6B<p, 
"The Children, fascinated with the love." Little' 
dale's Offices, Ssc, pp. 199-200. 

Ode viiL M^rpar aAKficnas elKOvifautrt KAplls. 
" The youths with fire circled, unconsnmed." 
Littledale's Offices, &c,.pp. 201-2. 

Ode ii. Xrijryttr pip q/uti &s luclvSuyoi/ (bi&ut. 
"Easy it b for us, aa free from risk," Little* 
dale's Offices, &&, pp. 204-5. 

The original Greek text is given in Anih. 
Qrxo. Car. Christ., p. 205, in JJonieL ac- 
companied with a short note ; and in Little- 
dales Offices, &c, pp. 53-85. This Canon, 



356 



ESSEX, J. 11. 



with two others by the earns author, are in 
Limbics. [See Greek Hjjnnady, §xvii. 2.] [J. J.] 

Essex, J. B. [Burton, John] 
Estlin, J. P. [Unitarian Hymnedy.J 
Eta, in E. P. Hammond's Praises of Jem*, 
1864, i.e. Etta Campbell. 

Eternal and immortal King. P. Dod* 
dridge. [Faith.] 1st pub. in bis posthumous 
Hymns, &c., 1755, No. 321, in 5 st of i 1., and 
again in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of tha same, 
1839, No. 317. It is based on Heb. xi. 17. In 
several American collections it is altered to: 
"Almighty and immortal King," and reduced 
to 3 st [J. J.] 

Eternal Beam of Light Divine. C. 
Wesley. [In Affliction.] Appeared in Hys. & 
Sac. Foetus, 173a, p. 144, in 6 st. of 4 1. 
[P. Work», 1868-72. vol. i. p. 128 : and ngaiu 
in the IFes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 328. It has 
passed into several collections in 6. Britain, 
America, and other English-speaking conn tries. 
In the Boston (U.S.) Unitarian Hy. & Tune 
Bk. for the Ch. & Home, 1868, it is altered to 
" Eternal God, Thou Light Divine " : and in 
Songs of Christian Praise, N.Y., 1880, and 
others, as : — " Eternal Source of Light Divine." 
It is a soothing and inspiriting hymn, and well 
adapted for use in affliction. [J. J.] 

Sternal Father, strong to save. W. 

Whiting. [For those at Sea.] Of this hymn 
the following texts are known : — 

1. The original irs., 1S80, a reprint of which is pre- 
served in Wggs's Annotated H A. it If., 186), pp,270-271. 

2. The revised text by the Compilers of Hymns A. A 
if., 1861, No. 222. This Is must widely used of any. 

3. A revision by the author made for the App, to the 
S. V. C. K., J"i. anil Hymni, I8<SB, and repeated in 
CKurehByi., 1911, No. 321, 

4. A LMIn version also by Whiting, in Biggs*s Anno- 
tattd H.A.A Jr., 186!, pp. 270- n. This version is of 
the*; A. <t M., revised text of 1961, and not of the 
original hs. 

The lack of hymns for those at sea, together 
with its merits as a hymn, rendered it exceed- 
ingly popular from its first publication, and 
its use has become most extensive in English' 
speaking countries. Hodges, of Frome, has 
published a short tale founded thereupon, and 
entitled " Hymn 222." Orig. text as above, 
authorized text, Church Hymns, No. 321. 

[J. J.] 

Eternal God, Almighty Cause. S. 
Browne. [Unity of God.] Given in his Hys. 
and Spiritual Song*, &c, 1720 (3rd ed. 1760), 
Bk. i., No. 176, in 6 st. of 4 1., and entitled, 
"One God." In its original form it is not in 
C. V,, and the centos fiom it differ in almost 
every hymn-book. Usually st. i., ii., iv., viii. 
are given, as in Dr. Hatfield's Church H. Bk., 
1872. The stanza which is given in some 
American Unitarian collections, "Worship to 
Thee atone belongs," is- not in the original, 
but is based on st vi. [J. J.] 

Eternal Light, eternal Light. T. 

Bumey. [Sunday.] Mr. Btnney's account of 
this hymn, supplied in 1866 to Miller's Singers 
and Songs, &c., p. 457, is, "It was written 
about 40 years ago, and was set to music and 
published by Power, of the Strand, on behalf 
of some charitable object to which the profits 
went. It was some little time since But to 
music also by Sir, Burnett, of Highgute. It 



ETERNAL SOURCE OP EVERT 

has appeared, I believe, in one or two hooks of 
sacred poetry, and in a mutilated state in a 
hymn-book in America." It was given in the 
Bapt. Ps. <£ Hys., 1858, No. 103, and again in 
several others, in 5 st. of 5 I. The hymn — 
" O Thou Who art enroVd in Light," in tho 
Oberlin, U.S., ifnnual of Praise, 1880, No. 77, 
is au altered form of this hymn, with the 
omission of st, ii. Orig. text in Lyra Brit., 
1807, p. 63. [J. J.] 

Eternal Lord, from land to land. 

[Missions.] Appeared in The Missionary 
Minstrel, London, Nisbet, 1826, edited by 
" O. P." It is No. 78 in 8 st. of 4 L, and is 
signed by the Editor. It came early into 
congregational use, and is still found in several 
collections, especially in America, the text 
varying from 4 stanzas in some hymnals to 
6 stanzas in others. [J. J.] 

Eternal Lord of earth and skies [sky], 
ft Wesley. [Missions.] This cento was given 
in the Supp. to the Wes. H. Bk., 1830, No.694, 
in i st. of 6 1., and repeated in the revised ed., 
1875. It is composed of parts of Nog. 1059, 
1060, 1043, respectively of his Short Hymns, 
&c, 1762, vol. n. These hymns are given in 
full in P. Works, 1868-72, vol. ix., and are 
based on Isaiah xlii. 4 ; xlv. 21, &c. [J. J.] 

Eternal Power, Whose high abode. 

I. Watts. [Praise to God.] This hymn sup- 
plies what the authur called "The Conclu- 
sion," to bis Hone Lyrics, 1705. It is in 6 
st. of 4 1., and is entitled " God exalted above 
all Praise." In 1743, J. Wesley included it, 
with the omission of st. ii., and the alteration 
of st. i., 1. 3, of "length" to lengths, and of 
st. iii., 1. 1, from " Thy dazzling beauties whilst 
he sings," to " Thee, while the first archangel 
sings ' r (a change necessitated by the omission) 
in Ps. * Hymns, 1743, p. 66. In 1780 this ver- 
sion of the text was given in the Wet. S. Bk., 
No. 307, and from the Wei. H. Bk. has passed 
into numerous collections in all English- 
speaking countries. According to Methodist 
usage Dr. J. Beaumont read the lines, 
" Thee, while the first archangel sings, 
He hides his face behind his wings," 

to the congregation in Waltham Street Ohapel, 
Hull, on Sunday, Jan. £3, 1855 ; and during 
the singing of the second line he fell dead in 
the pulpit. The incident is given in detail 
in Stevenson's Meth. if. Bk. and Us Attoeia- 
Uom, 1883, p. 225. [J. J.j 

Sternal Source of every joy. P. Dod- 
dridge. [New Year.] Dated in the d. iisa 
Jan. 1, 1736, and lstpub. by Job Orton in his 
posthumous ed. of Doddridge's Hymns, &c, 
1755, No. 43, in 7 st. of 4 1„ and in J. D. Hum- 
phreys's ed. of the same, 1839, No. 55. In the 
d. msb. the title is, "God crowning the Year 
with His goodness " ; and in the Hymns, " The 
Year crowned with tho divine goodness." It 
is usually given in an abbreviated form, the 
number of stanzas varying in tho various 
hymn-books. Its use in G. Britain is much 
less extensive than in America. The text 
usually adopted is from the 1755 book, as in 
Lyra Brit., 1867jP. 133; that, however, in the 
Methodist 8. S. H. Bk. is from the Brooke Ms. 
of Doddridge's Hymns. [See English Hymnody, 
&rly, § IX.} [J, J.] 



ETERNAL SPIRIT, BY WHOSE 

Eternal Spirit, by Whose power, 
W. B. Bathurtt. [Whitsuntide.] Appeared 
in his P*. A Hy». for Public <fc Private Pie, 
1831 (2nd ed„ 1842> Hy. 57, in S st. of 4 t., 
and entitled, " Officts of the Spirit." Since 
its introduction into the Bapt. Pa. & Byt., 
1858-8U, it has attained to a good position in 
modem hymn-books in G. Britain. It is also 
in use in America. Dr. Hatfield gives in his 
Church B. BJc, 1872, the original text, with 
the date of the Preface [Nov. 15], I83D, and 
not the date of the publication of the P». & 
Byt. [3. J.] 

Eternal Spirit, come. G. Wesley. 
[Whitsuntide.] Appeared in By*, of Petition, 
and Thanksgiving for the Promise of Vie 
Father, 1746, as No. 3 of the " Hymns for 
Whitsunday," in 4 st. of 6 1. (P. Work*, 
1868-72, vol, iv. p. 167). It is in C. (J. in two 
forms: — 

1. The nut form Is In S it., the additional st. being 
-from No. 16 of the "Hys. for Whitsunday" as »bov«. 
This arrangement was given tn Toplany'a Pi. as Bgi., 
1116, Ho. M6. 

1. The second form is that In the Wtt. M. Sk. revised 
ed., 1876, No. 162. It was Included In the Sapp. to the 
Wet.B. Sic., 1830, In 3 St. Xbe atamas omitted in ists 
an at. lil., iv, [J. J.] 

Eternal Spirit, gone lip on high. C. 
Wesley. [Holy Communion.] Appeared in 
Hymn* on the Lord'* Sapper, byj.ds 0. Wesley, 
1745, No. exit, in 3 st of 8 1. (P. TFbrto, 
1868-72, vol. iii. p. 238). In this form it is 
nctt in common use, A cento therefrom ; — 
" Jesn, Lord, gone up on high," was given 
in the Bymnary, 1870-72, No. 438, in 5 st, in 
which the text was both altered and trans- 
posed. Its use is limited. [J. J.] 

Eternal Spirit, Source of truth. T. 

CotteriU. [Assurance of Salvation desired.'] 
Appeared in his Sel. of Pt. & Bys, &c, 1810, 
No. 66, in 5 st. of 4 1., and entitled, " For a 
well grounded hope of Salvation," st. ii. being 
based on J. Bart's " Blesa'd Spirit of truth, 
Eternal God " (1759), st.iL It was repeated 
in all subsequent editions of his Set. In 
modern hymn-books it usually reads, " Eter- 
nal Spirit, God of truth," as in Dr. Hatfield's 
Church B. Bk., N. Y., 1872." In this form 
it is in extensive use in America, Its use 
in G. Britain is limited. Stanza iv. of this 
hymn is st iv. of the cento " Spirit of Truth, 
Thy grace Impart," q,v. [J. J.] 

Eternal Wisdom, Thee we praise. 
I. Walt*. [Praise to Ike Creator.'] 1st pub. 
in his Boras Lyrieie, 1705, as " A Song to 
Creating Wisdom," in 18 st. of 4 L, divided 
into five parts, and repeated in later editions 
of the some, and in Watta's complete Work*. 
Centos from this poem, all beginningwith the 
first stanza, are numerous, specially in the 
American hymn-books. J. Wesley set the 
example by giving 12 stanzas in his Pt. & Eye., 
3rd ed., 1743. This arrangement was repub- 
lished in the Wet. B. Bit., 1780, No. 217 
(revised ed. 1875, No. 226), and in several 
other collections. Usually, however, the 
centos are much shorter than this, from 4 to 6 
stanzas being the rule. [J. J.] 

Eternity ! eternity ! How vast, yet 
near eternity. A. T. Eussett. [Eternal 
Life contemplated.] Appeared in Ins Ps, <fc 



EVANS, JAMES H. 



357 



Bys., 1851, No. 259, in 5 st of 7 1. In the 
index it is marked as original, but it is In the 
metre and set to the melody of " O Ewigkeit " 
(q.v.). It is suggested by the German but 
cannot be called a tr. of it It is included 
(generally from the altered text in Kennedy, 
1863, No. 163)in the IbroxEyl., 1871, Snepp"s 
Songs of G. & G., 1872, No. 1021 (where the 
ascription to " Duniel Wiilffer, 1660, (tr.) F. E. 
Cox, 1841," jb an error), J. L. Porter's CoU., 
1876, &e. ; and in America in the Sahbath B. 
Bk^ 1858, College Byl, 1876, &c [J. M.] 

Eternity, Eternity, That boundless, 
&C. /. Montgomery. [Eternity.] In the 
u. mbs. this hymn is dated, "The Mount, 
December 20, 1836" (the "Mount" was his 
Sheffield residence), bnt it did not appear in 
print, so far as has been traced, until his 
Ortjtnal Bymnt, 1853, where it is given ss 
No. 238 in 4 st of 4 1., and headed wi th a line 
of one of his most popular hymns, " For ever 
with the Lord." [J. J.] 

Etherfdge, Elizabeth Ayton. [God- 
win, S, A.] 

EtlCholOgion, The. [&re*k Hymnoay, § 
xiv.] 

Rv$paa>e<r06)(rav oi ovpavoi Jaftn 
the Monk, [^ntiuneiodon.] Prom the Greek 
Office of the Annunciation of B, V, M-, in the 
ISentea, It dates from the middle of the 
eighth century. The only tr. into English is 
Dr. Littledale's ; — " Let heaven rejoice and 
earth be glad," which was 1st pub, in the 
Church Timet, July 2, 1864, as a "Hymn for 
Lady-Day," and again in tho People's B., 
1867, No. 244, signed " L," and appointed for 
the Annunciation of B. V. M. This is one of 
Dr. Littledale's best tr*. from the Greek, and 
is very close to the original [J. J.] 

Evans, Albert Eubnle, b.a., was edu- 
cated at St. Mary Hall, Oxford (b.a. I8K6), 
and took Holy Orders in 1864. He held 
successively the Curacies of Slough, New 
Windsor, and Walmer; was on Organising 
Secretary of the S. P. G,, Secretary to the 
South American Missionary Society, and 
Assistant Examiner to the Civil Service Com- 
missioners; and became Bector of Kirk- 
Hallom, llkston, in 1875. Mr. Evans pub. 
Pietas PuerUif, 1805 ; The Fourfold Menage 
of Advent, 1870 ; and some tales. Hiu hymns 
appeared in the Bev. R, Browc-Borth wick's 
Sixteen Bys., &c, 1870; his Select By*, for 
Church as Home, 1871 : Dr. Martineau's Jfymnt, 
&c., 1873; and the S. P. C. K. Church Bymnt, 
1871. These collections include the following : 

1. Lo ! the -voice of Jesus. Voice of J&stte. 

2, Zjoak tip, look up, my soul, still higher. Upward? 
and Onward s. 

s. Lord, to Thee alone we turn. Lent. 

4. Many mansions, O what rapture. tfeavm. 

5. O render thanks unto the Lord. Septuagainnt. 

ft. There is a rood that all may tread. Christian liift 
a Pilgrimage. 
1, Trust in (ion and God alone. Trust. [J. J.] 

Evans, James Harrington, m.a., s, of 
the Bev. Dr. Evans, priest-vicar of Salisbury 
Cathedral, was b. April 15, 1785, and educated 
at Wadliam College, Oxford, where lie 
graduated in 1803, and became a Fellow in 
1805. Taking Holy Orders in 1808 he re- 
mained in the Church of England until 1815, 



358 



EVANS, EVAN 



when he seceded, and became a Baptijt 
Minister. He was the Minister of John Street 
Baptist Chapel, Gray's Inn Bond, London, for 
many years. He d. at Stonehaven, Scotland, 
Deo. 1, 1849, His Memoir and Bemains were 
pub. by his son in 1852. In addition to various 

?rose works, Dialogue* on Important Subject*, 
819 ; Cheeks to Infidelity, 18*0 ; and others, 
he also pub. : — 

ffymnt, Selected Chiefly far Public Worihip, Lor.don, 
printed by E. Justints, ISIS. This ed, contained 1T9 
brnrns, several of which he wrote. This Set. wee en* 
Urged from time to time ; the 3rd ed., ibis, contained 
ill hymns: and toe last, 18*3, 461 hymns. Of his 
hvrans, *' Change is our portion here,' 1 and " Faint not. 
Cfirietian. though the road," are the best known. Mr. 
Evaue contributed to Gurus Wilson's JWokKji Vititorot 
lSM.Ase., under the signature of "Alix." [W. R. S.] 

Evans, Evan. (GUmgetrionydd.'] Bora 
at Trefriw in Caernarvonshire. He is con- 
sidered the chief Welsh Hymn-writer of this 
century, as Williams was of the last century. 
He published two boohs of hymns and tunes 
between 1829 and 1811. He was Vicar of 
Bhyl, and d. in 1850. Although his hymn- 
boots and tunes am not in nee now, yet many 
of his hymns are found in every collection in 
Wales. [W. G. TO 

Evans, Jonathan, b. at Coventry in 
1748 or 1749. He was the son of a working 
man, and as a youth was employed in a ribbon 
manufactory. About 1778 he joined the con- 
gregation at Coventry, over which the Rev. G. 
Border was pastor. He began preaching at 
Foleshill, near Coventry, in 1782, and in 1795 
he began his stated ministry there, retaining 
the same to hlB death on Aug. 31, 1809. Two 
biographical notices of htm appeared in the 
Evangelical Magazine (Oct. 1809, and March 
1847), and also several of bis hymns. Two of 
his hymns appeared in Burder's Cod., 1784, 
and another in the 2nd ed. the same year. 
His best known hymns are, " Come, Thou 
soul-transforming Spirit,'' and "Hark! the 
voice of love and meroy, J ' q.v. He published 
no poetical work or collection of hymns. [J. J.] 

Ever fainting with desire. C. Wesley. 
[Holiness desired.] Appeared in Bye. and 
Sac. Poena, 1742, p. 2 19, in 10 at. of 8 1., and 
headed, " A Prayer for Holiness " (P. Works, 
18S8-72, vol. ii. i. 274). In 1780 it was in- 
eluded in the Wet. B. Bh., No, 344, with the 
omission of st. iii.-vi, and in this form it has 
been repeated in several hymn-books. The 
omitted stanzas contain expressions concern- 
ing entire holiness, which gave rise to much 
controversy, and caused J. Wesley to mark 
them for omission in later editions of the B. a) 
Sac Poems {Works, vol. x. p. 897 j and P. 
Works, vol. ii, p. 274). [J. J.] 

Ever patient, gentle [laving], meek. 
Charlotte Miott. JBesignaUon.] Contributed 
to The Invalids B. Bk., 1834, No. 97, in 4 st. 
of 6 1., and headed, " Let this mind be in yon 
which was also in Christ Jesus," Phil. ii. 5. 
It was repeated in subsequent editions of the 
same. In Longfellow and Johnson's Booh of 
Bys., Boston, U.S., 1846, it was given with 
the omission of st. ii., anonymously, and with 
the opening line as "Ever patient, loving, 
meek." The original text was restored in 
the Andover Sabbath B. Bh., 1858. [J. J.] 



EVERETT, JAMES 

Ever round Tny glorious throne. 

J. 8. B. MaaeelL [St. Michael and AU Angels.] 
Appeared in his Spiritual Songs, &c, 1857 
(People's ed., 1873, p. 189, in 33 st. of 4 1., and 
based upon the words ''Are thev not all 
ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for 
them who shall be heirs of salvation," Heb. i. 
14. In 1861, the Rev, E, Pott included 14 
stanzas in his Hymns, &c, No, 221, and divided 
them into three parts: — i. as above; ii. "From 
the world's remotest prime " ; and iii. " Angels 
marked with wondering gaze." A very effec- 
tive cento of 6 stanzas might be compiled 
from this poem. [J. J] 

Everest, Charles William, k.a., h, at 
East Windsor, Connecticut, May 27, 1814, 
graduated at Trinity College, Hartford, 1838, 
and took Holy Orders in 1842. He was rector 
at Hamden, Connecticut, from 1842 to 1873, 
and also agent for the Society for the Increase 
of the Ministry. He d. at Waterbury, Con- 
necticut, Jan. 11, 1877 (See Poets of Connect 
tieut, 1843). In 1833 he pub. Visions of Death, 
and OtJier Poems ; from this work his popular 
hymn is taken ; — 

T«fc» up thy inn, th» Saviour said. Following 
Jesus. The original text of this hymn differs 
very materially from that which is usually found 
in the hymn-books. The most widely known 
form of the text is that in H. A. # M., where it 
appeared in 1861. It was copied by the Com- 
pilers from another collection, but hy whom the 
alterations were made is unknown. The nearest 
approach to the original is in Border's Cong. Bys., 
1884, Grig, text in Biggs's English Bymnology, 
1873, p, 24, [F. M. B.] 

Everett, James, b. at Alnwick, North- 
umberland, May 16, 1784. His early educa- 
tion was of a very elementary character, and 
gave little promise of the literary position 
which he subsequently attained. In bis 19th 
year he underwent a. great spiritual change, 
which led him to become a member of the 
Wesleyan Society, and subsequently a local 
preacher and minister of that connection. 
His work in the ministry, his controversy with 
the Wesleyan Conference, bis expulsion from 
their Society in 1849, and his pnrt in founding 
the Wesleyan Reform Connection, which, by 
amalgamation with the Wesleyan Methodist 
Association in 1857, constitute the United 
Methodist Free Churches, were matters of 
Methodist history. Although deeply involved 
in Methodist polity and work, he found time 
to publish some forty works, chiefly biogra- 
phical, but inclnding some whieh were poetical 
and hymnological. He d. at Sunderland, May 
10, 1872. His poetical works include :— 

(1) JKwt'it; 1831 j (21 The Reign of Jfem>r <£ other 
Poena, 1832; (3) a Collection of Rumw far Bim&ay 
Schools, Sk., 1331. Mr. Everett also edited the Walton 
Reform. B. Bk., 1853 fSee Methodist Hymned 1 ?, v vj, 
and with the Rev. M. Baxter, JTymn Rk. of the United 
Methoditt Free Churchet, 1860 [lfe&odiat Hjxnnody, 
i v.J. Hie Life by Richard Chew was pnb. in 181B, as 
Samet Everett ; A Biography. 

His hymns, which rto republished in the 
B. Bit. of the United Me&wdist Free Churches, 
1860, are :— 

1. Benesth the altar of the Lord. Divine Worship 
and the Altar. 

2. lo, Creation springs to birth. The Thorn mid its 
historical and spiritual associations. Pnb. in his Reign 
of Terror, tec., issa. 



EVERLASTING t CHANGING NEVER EX QUO, SALU8 MORTALIUM 359 

The hymn floed la adnmbravrt vitu, in the 
revised Paris Brev., 1736, given as the hymn 
on Sundays and Ferial days at Matins from 
Ash Wednesday to Passion Sunday (as also 
in the Lyons and other modern French 
Breviaries) is a recast of this hymn made by 
Charles Coffin for the Fori* Brev., and also 
pub. in his Hymni Sacri, 1736, p. 102. This 



t than the Persian sags- S. S. -dfnrf- 
Printed lit the 8. S. Maaatine,Jia.j 1», 1SS3. 

During Mr. Everett's residence in Sheffield 
in 1820-21, he -wrote several hymns for the 
Sheffield B. Schools, which are preserved in 
fly-sheet form but not incorporated in any 
collection. [J. J.] 

Everlasting ! changing never. T. H. 
Oill [Holiness dertred.] Written in 1845, 
and 1st pub. in G. Dawson's P». <fe Hys^ 1846, 
No. 117, in 8 st of 6 1. In 1858 it was trans- 
ferred to Hedge and Huntington's American 
Hys. for the Ck. of Christ, No. 837. In later 
American collections as the Hys. of the Spirit, 
Boston, 1864, No. 431, and others. St. ii„ iii., 
vi., vil., are given with slight alterations from 
this text, as " We the weak ones, we the sin- 
ners." In the author's Golden Chain, 4c., 
1869, p, 81, the hymn is given in a revised 
form. Concerning this revision the author 
says: — 

" It was the most popular of my early hymns, and 
exactly expressed that spirit of general aspiration so 
prominent with ardent youth in tie fifth decide of the 
century. The alterations Introduced In the Golden 
Chain Improved And strengthened the diction, as well 
SB Christianised the hymn. Btltl the original hu a 
newness, liveliness and charm which the altered version 
hardly retains." [J. J L ] 

Every morning the red sue Cecil 
F. Alexander. [Heaven.'] This hymn, in 5 st. 
of 6 L, is based on the article of the Apostles 
Creed, " And the life everlasting." It ap- 
peared in Mrs. Alexander's Hys. for Litite 
Children, 1848, No. 20, and is repeated in 
later editions. It is found in several collec- 
tions in G. Britain and America. In the 
American Church Praise Bk., N. Y., 1882, it 
is altered to, " Every morn the glowing sun " ; 
but the advantage of the change is question- 
able. £f. J.] 

Every morning they ore new. O. 

PhilUmore. [Morning."] Written for and 1st 
pub. in the Parish H. Bk., 1863, in i st. of 6 L 
On being transferred to the Hymnary, 1872, 
No. 57, it was altered to "Every morning 
mercies new." This altered text was re- 
peated in Taring's Coll., 1882, and several 
others. In the American Evang. Hymnal, 
1880; and the Laude* Domini, 1884, it is 
attributed to Dr. H. Bonar in error. [J. J.] 

Ex more docti mystioo. [Lent .1 This 
hymn is found in two mss. of wie llwi cent, 
in the British Mttsetm (Vesp. D. xii. f. 54 ; 
Harl. 2961, f. 237) ; and in the Latin Hye. of 
ihe Anglo-Saxon Church, printed from an 11th 
cent. bb. at Durham (B. iii. 32, f. 18 b), 
by the SuTtees Society, in 1851. Mane's (No. 
73) text from a 15 cent. us. is slightly dif- 
ferent from this ; as is also that in Danid, 
i., No. 86; and in the Hymn. Sarisb., 1851. 
Dante! prints also the text of the Roman 
Brev., 1632, and in iv. p. 121, he gives read- 
ings from a Bheinau us. of the 10th cent. Ifone 
holds that the hymn is by St. Gregory the 
Great Concerning its use we may note : — 

In the Uses of Sarum and Torlc St Is the hymn at 
Vespers of the 1st Sun. in Lent to the second Vespers of 
the ird Sunday. In the Roa. Brtv. it is the hymn at 
Matins for the 1st Sun. In Lent to Passion Sunday ex- 
clusively. In the Uses of Eettlwtm, Canterlmry, and 
St. Albant, st. i.-4v. are to be eald at Matins, and the 
rest at Lsuds, from the 1st to the 3rd Sun. in Lent. 
Some continental Breviaries differ from each of these. 



text is in Cara. Newman's Hymni Ecdeeiae, 
1838-65 ; and J. Chandler's Hys. of the Prim. 
Church, 1837, No. 60. The old text is in the 
works noted above: Waakemagel; and (Ro- 
man) Card. Nemnan, 1838-65; and Biggs's 
Annotated H. A. & M., 1867. [W. A. SJ 

Translations in C. U. ; — 

!. Ex more duett myttieo. Of this there arc 
the following trs. in C. V. : — 

1. B<nr with the slew-revolving year. By £, 
Caswell from the Ram. Brev. text, in his Lyra 
CattolKo, 1849, p. 72, and his Hymns, &c., 1873, 
p. 40. la 1850 it was included in Dr. Oldknow's 
Coll., No. 70, and later in The Croon of Jesus 
H, Bk., and other Roman Catholic hymn-books 
for Schools and Missions. In the Hymnary, 1872, 
No. 212, this tr. is also given as, " By precepts 
taught in. ages past, Again the fast," &c. 

fi. In solemn course, as holy lore. By J. D. 
Chambers (Sart&n text), pub. in his Order of 
Household Devotion, 1854, and his Lavda Byan, 
1857, p. 126. In the People's H., 1867, No. 81, 
st. iv. is omitted. 

9* The fast aa taught by holy lore. By J. M. 
Neale, from the Sarnm text. Appeared in the 
Hymnal 2T., 1854 ; and repeated in the Hymnei; 
1382. In Skinner's Daily Service Hymnal, 186*, 
it begins with st. iv., "In prayer together let 
Qs fall." This form is also in some American 
collections. 

t. By precepts taught in ages past, How let us, 
&o. This is Dr. Heale's tr. rewritten by the 
Compilers of H. A. fy M., and given in their 
trial copy, 1859, and the 1st and later editions, 
1 So 1 1-75. It retains the greater portion of Dr. 
Neale's rendering, but is cast in a more popular 
form. 

Translations not in 0. TT. : — 

1. From heaven's own school's mysterious ways. 
Primer. H06. 

2. Of sacred usage old. Bp. JSant. 183*. 

3. By rite religions bound, IT, J, Copelaiul. 1849. 

4. Let us, the scholars of Christ's school. TT. J. Blew. 
1851. 

5. By mystic lessons wisely taught. /. TT. Hewett. 
less. 

a. Come, let us keep this solemn feast. J. Wallace. 
18T4. 

ii. (toed lex adumbravit retiu. Of this text 
from the Parts Breviary, 1736, the following 
tra. are in C. U. : — 

1. The solemn fast the Tat&en saw, By J. 
Chandler, in his Hys. of the Primitive Church, 
1837, p. 67, in 6 st. of 4 1. In Kennedy, 1863, 
it was given with the omission of st. ii. ns 
" With feat and prayer for sinful man." 

8. It f* the hely fMt, By I. Williams, In his 
Hys, tr. from the Parisian Brev., 1839, p. 108, 
It was repented, with the omission of st. iii. and 
viii., in The Child's Christian Year, 1841, and 
later editions, ore 

3. Good it is to keep the fait. By Sir H. W. 
Baker, written for and 1st pub. in H. A. ft M., 
revised ed., 1875, No. 89. [J. J.] 

Ex quo, aalus mortalium. [Jean 
Baptiste de SanteUil. [.Martyrs.] Fub. in the 



360 EXALTED HIGH AT GOD'S 

Cluniao Breviary, 1686, and In his Symni 
Saeri et Novi, 1689, p. 199 (ed. 1698, p. 242), 
in 6 st of 4 1. In 173S it iu included 
in the revised ed, of the Paris Brett,, and 
appointed ft* the hymn at 1st and 2nd 
Vespers of the Common of One Martyr ; and 
again in the Lyons, and other modern French 
Breviaries, Parts Brev. text in Card. New- 
man's Symni Eedetiae, 1838-65. [W. A. S.J 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Oar Lord the path of suSeiiiig trod. By 1. 
■Williams. In his Hys. tr. from the Parisian. 
Brev,, 1839, p. 281, in 7 st. of 4 I. In 1861, it was 
recast by the Compilers of H. A. $ if., and 
given in that collection as, "For man the 
Saviour shed," This is repeated in the revised 
ed,, 1875. 

Translation not in C, U, i — 
Knee Christ His precious life-blood gave, J. D. Cham- 
beri, 1866, ii, p. a. 

Exalted high at God's right hand. 
{Saint* in Glory.] In A Coll. of Ps. and Hys. 
chiefly intended for Publie Worthip, pub. by 
Rowland Hill, in 1783, Ho. exciii., tins hymn 
appeared in 9 st of 4 L, in the form of a 
dialogue, the opening stanzas being :— 
« Q. Eialted high at tiod's right hand, 

Wearer the throne than cherubs stand. 
With glory erown'd in white artsy. 
My wondering soul says, Who are they? 

" A. These are the saints belov'd of God, 
Wash h d are their robes in Jesus' blood 
More spotless than the purest white, 
They shine In uncreated light." 

The hymn thus proceeds, following the 
order of thooght in Roy. vii. 12-17 to the end. 
No name is given by which its authorship 
may be identified. It is usually attributed to 
Rowland Hill on the ground that it appeared 
first in liis Coll,, and no one has been known 
to dispute his claims. Orig. text in Lyra 
Brit, p. 309. The popular form of this hymn 
is that ffiven to it by Cotterill in his Selection, 
1810, No. 122, which reads:— "Lo! round 
the throne at God's right hand," &c„ ai iu 
Mercer's Ch. Psalter * H. Bk., Ox, ed., No. 
429, with bL 4, 1. 4, thus, " And tims the loud 
hosaima raise." It is sometimes included in 
hymnals with the first line, "Lo, near the 
throne at God's right hand," "Lo ! round the 
throne a glorious band," and one or two minor 
alterations. The authorship of tho Rowland 
Hill form of the text has been attributed to 
John Duncan, on the authority of John 
Dobell; but we regard this as an error [see 
p, 42]. It is rightly described in Thring's 
Coll., 1880, as « From Cotterill's Set., 1810, 
based on Rowland Hill, 1783.' [J, J.] 

'JL};airO(TT€t\dptOP. [Greek Hymnody, § 
XVi. 7.] 

Exeelsorum oivium inclita, gaudlo. 

{St. Michael and AJl Angel*."] This anony- 
mous hymn is given in the Hereford Breviary 
of 1503 for " St. Raphael." In Dr. Neale's 
Hymni Ecclesiae, 1851, p. 212, it is given as 
Celaoium ctvium inelita, gnudia,, and the Same is 
repeated in Daniel, iv. p, 287. TV, as : — 

The mighty host on high. By J. M. Nesle, in 
tho H, Noted, 1854, in 5 st. of 7 1,, and repeated 
in the Hymnary, 1872, This is from the text 
in his H, Ecclesiae, 1851. 



EXULTET OOELUM LAUDIBUS 

■luther tr. ii : — 

The exalted buTenly duCr. J. D. C&Ofttat. 186fl, 

[j. jo 

Xxite fiUae Sion, Eegis pudicae Vir- 
ginia, haae Robert. [lie Crown of Jews.] 
Contributed to the Ports Brev., 1643, Aest 

p. G04, for use at Vespers on the festival of 
The Crown of Thorns, Aug. 11, together with 
a second part for use at Lauds, beginning 
Lecis aguris jingitnr, at p. 610. Both parts 
were given in the Paris Brev* 1713, and also 
in some of the recent editions of the Roman 
Brev., as in the Tonrnay ed., 1879, where the 
first part begins Xxtte Sion Hum (see Daniel, ii. 
p. 360). In the Pari* Brev., 1736, Pt i. as 
above only is given. The tr». are from the 
Soman Brev. . — 

1. Exits Hon aim*. 

Daughters of Sion! Soyal Maids. By £. Css- 
wall, in his Lyra Cathoiina, 1849, p. 68 ; and his 
Hys. $ Poems, 1873, p. 33. It is repeated in 
the 1862 Appendix to the H. Noted, No. 242, 
and Shipley's Annus Sanctns, 1884, p. 63. 

ii, Lagla nguris pingltar. 

Christ's pserlose erown is pictured in, By E. 
Caswall, as above (1849), p. 69 ; 1872, p. 39) 
into the 1862 Appendix to the H. Noted, No. 
243, and Shipley's Annas Sanctits, 1884, p. 64. 

[J. M.] 

Exultet eoelum laudibus. [Festival of 
Apostles.'] The oldest known form of this 
hymn is in four hbs. of tiie 11th cent, in the 
British Museum (Jul, A. vi. f. 63 ; Vcsp. D. 
xii. f. 966; Harl. 2961, f. 2466; Add. 30851, f. 
153), and in the Latin Uyi.ofthe Anglo-Saxon 
Ch., printed from an 11th cent. us. at Durham 
(B. iii. 32 f. 36 a). It is also in one or two of 
the older French Breviaries. In the Roman 
Brev., 1632, it begins Jkultet . orMs gaudile, 
Daniel, i., No. 282, gives both texts, together 
with notes and readings. .Afore, No. 663, 
refers to five uss. dating from the 12th to the 
15th cent., and his text differs slightly from 
that of Daniel. lathe Parisian Brev., 1736, 
it was altered by O. Coffin to Laetare ooelnm 
piauaibaa. The tr*. which we have are from : — 

i. Exultet ooelum Uudihus. This is tr. ss : — 

1. Let heaven resound with praiaes. By W. J. 
Blew, in The Chvrch Hy. and Tune Bk., 1852- 
55 ; and again in Rice's Hymns, otc, selected 
from the same, 1870. 

S, T< h««veus,exultwithjoynd praise, By J. D. 
Chambers, in his Lauda Syon, 1857, p. 92, in 6 
st. of 4 L, and is repeated in the Appendix to the 
Hymnal K, No. 188 ; and in the Hymner, 1882. 

ii. Biultet orbii gaudiis. This b the text of 
the Soman Brev., 1632, and is tr, as; — 

1, let the round world with tone* rejoice, By 
Bp, R. Mant, in his Ancient Hymns, &c,, 1837, 
p. 72. (New ed., 1871, p. 127.) This is given 
without alteration in the People's H., 1867, but 
usually it is altered, as iu the following 
instances l — 

(1) Let all on earth with songs lejeiee," Tble was 
given in Murray's Hgmnal, 18S2 ; the Saliibury, issf ; 
hi the JVfio Mitre (irlth slight alterations), 18?5; and 
with su additional Btanza (st. 11.) and alterations In the 
Synmaru, lala. 

(I) "Let earth be glad and joyful sing," This ap- 
peared in the Sngliih. Byl., 19M-BI, 

(8) "Let all en earth their voioee raise." In this 
arrangement In Chunk ait., 18T1, the older form of 
the text, earth je*ecbolng the praise of heaven, instead 
of heaven repeating the songs of earth, M la the Soman 



EXULTET COR PBECORDITS 

Brtt* haa been adopted. Otherwlae the text 1* ft™ 
Bo. Iluit, but somewhat altered. 

g. Vow let lbs with with Jay moul, By E. 
Cuwal), iD his Lyra Cathotica, 1849, p. 202, and 
his /T V 3. a* Poams, 1873, p. 107. It ia included 
in the Roman Catholic Hys. for the Year. 

Translatbaa not fa 0. V, ; — 

1. Emit, tboa world, exult with praise. /. B. Bate. 

INI. 

S. Now let the worM with joy abound. /. WaiJaa. 
ISM. 

OL Leetare Malum planslbus. 
1. Let heaven with acclamations ring, J. D. Clkois- 
bert. 1I«. [J, J.] 

Exultet oor precordlis. [Most Holy 
Name of Jaws.] An anonymous hymn given 
at let Vespers on the "Feast of the Most 
Bweet Name of Jesus," Aug. 7, in the Banna 
Bret>„ Venice, 1195, &(&. pt iL f. 178. Tr. 
as: — 

1. Exult all heart*, right gladly. By W, J. 
Blew, in 2A# CTurcA fly. and TAuw £A., 1852- 
55 ; and again in Rice's Hymns, &c., selected 
from the same, 1870. 

1. Let every heart exulting heat. By J. D. Cham' 
bers, in his Latida JSyon, 1857, p. 243, in 8 6t. of 
4 L This is repeated in an abbreviated, and 
eometimea altered, bin in If. A. $ M., 18S1 ; 
the Hymnary, 1872 ; Alton's Buppl. Ifys., 
lBfifl-76, and others. 

I, Sxnlt, all hearts, with gladness. This 
rendering, which ia given in the Roman Catholic 
Hys. for the Year (n. D.), and in Spnrgeon's 
O. 0. H. Bk., 1866, is an arrangement of a part 
of J. D. Chambers's tr., very much altered, and 
with the u v. changed to 7-6, 

*. let the hsart exultintr heat, By R. F. 
I.ittledale, written for and 1st pub. in the People's 
If., 1867, No. 273, and signed " F. K." 

Ttanslatlffa net In 0. TT, :— 
With Joyous strelna, by ev"ry tongue /. W. Btmit. 
190». [J. J.] 



T., in the Gospel Magazine, 1776 ; i.e. James 
Fanch. 

P., in Bristol Bap. CoB. of Ash & Evans, 
1st ed., 1769 ; i.e. T, Flatman. 

F — B, in the same ; i-e. John Fellows. 

F. J. C, in BHgU Jewels, N.Y., I8G9 ; ie. 
Mrs. F. J. Van Alstyne. 

F. IL, initials of Dr. B. F. Littledate, re- 
versed In the People's fft/mnal ; i.e. " Frederick 
Richard." 

Faber, FVodeirlck William, d.d., s. 
of Mr. T. H. Faber, was b. at Calverley 
Vicarage, Yorkshire, June 28, 1814, and 
educated at Balliol College, Oxford, graduat- 
ing hJt.. in 1836. He was for some time a 
Fellow of University College, in the game 
University. Taking Holy Orders in 1837, he 
became Rector of Elton, Huntingdonshire, in 

1848, but in 1846 he seceded to the Church of 
Rome. After residing for some time at St. 
Wilfrid's, Staffordshire, lie went to London in 

1849, and established the London "Orato- 



FABER, FREDERICK W. 361 

nans,** or, "Priests of the Congregation of 
St. Philip Neri," in King William Street, 
Strand. In 1854 the Oratory was removed 
to Brompton. Dr. Faber d. Sept. 26, 186a 
Before his secession he published several pmse 
works, some of which were in defenoo of the 
Church of England ; and afterwards several 
followed as Spiritual Conference*, AU for 
Jena, Ao. Although he published bis Cher- 
well Waterlily and Other Poems, 1840; The 
Styrian Lake, and Other Poems, 1842 ; Sir 
Lancelot, 1844; and The Rosary and Other 
Poems, 1845 ; and his Lives of the Saints, in 
verse, before he joined the Church of Rome, 
all his hymns were published after he joined 
that communion. The; were included in his : — 
(1) A mull boot of eleven I7#mnt. 1819. for the 
School it St. Wilfrid's, Staffordshire. (S) Ami and 
Mary : or. Catholic Symns for Singing and Reading, 
Lond. 1849. In ISSS the 2nd ed. wsa pnb. with an 
addition of ao new hymns. (3) Oratory Hymns, ISM ; 
and (*) Eymmt, 1S61, being a collected ed. of what be 
hut written ind published from time to time. 

Dr. Faber's account of the origin of his 
hymn-writing is given in his Preface to Jesus & 
Mary. Afteriiwellingontheinfluence,respec- 
tively, of St. Theresa, of St. Ignatius, and of 
St. Philip Neri, on Catholicism ; and of the 
last that "sanctity in the world, perfection at 
home, high attainments in common earthly 
callings . . . was the principal end of his 
apostolate," he says : — 

"It was natural then that an English son of St. Philip 
should feel the want of a collection of English Catholic 
hymns fitted for singing. The few in the Garden of the 
Soul were all that veto it hand, and of course they 
were not numerous enough to fnmiah the requisite 
variety. As to translations they do not express Saxon 
thought snd feelings, and consequently the poor do not 
seem to take to them. The domeatie wsnta of the 
Oratory, too, keep alive the feeling that something of 
the sort waa needed: though at the same time the 
Autbor'e ignorance of music appeared in aome measure 
to disqualify him for the work of supplying the defect. 
Eleven, however, of the hymns were written, most of 
them, for particular tunea and on particular occasions, 
and became very popular wttb a country congregation. 
Tber were afterwards printed Tor the Schools at St. ~Wil- 
frid^, and the very numerous applications to the printer 
for them aeemed to ahow that, in aplte of very glaring 
literary defects, such as careless grammar and slipshod 
metre, people were anxioua to have Catholic hymna of 
any eort. The Ma. of the present volume wee sub- 
mitted to a musical friend, who replied that certain 
versea of all or nearly all of the bymna would do for 
alnging ; snd thla encouragement has led to the publi- 
cation of the volume." 

In the some Preface he clearly points to the 
Olmey Hymns and those of the Wesleys as 
being the models which for simplicity and In- 
tense fervour he would endeavour to emnlate. 
From the small book of cloven hymns printed 
for the schools at St. Wilfrid's, his hymn- 
writing resulted in a total of 150 pieces, all of 
which are in bis Hymns, 1862, and many of 
them in various Roman Catholio collections 
for missions and schools. Few hymns are more 
popular than his " My God, how wonderful 
Thou art," "O come and mourn with me 
awhile," and " Sweet Saviour, bless ns ere we 
go." They eicel in directness, simplicity, 
and pathos. " Hark, hark, my souL angelic 
songs are swelling," and "O Paradise, O 
Paradise," are also widely known. These 
possess, however, an element of unreality 
which is against their permanent popularity. 
Many of Faber's hymns are annotated under 
their respective first lines ; the rest in C. U, 
include: — 



362 



FABER, JOHANN L. 



1. Prom his Jesus and Mary, 1849 and 18S2, 

1, Fountain of love, Thyself true God. Tke Holy 
Ghett. 

1, How efcalt thou bear the Croats that now. The 
Eternal Years. 

3. I come to Thee, once more, God. Belumtng to 
God, 

a. Joy, joy, tbe Mother comes. The Purification. 

a. My soul, what bast thou done for God t Self-Ex- 
amination. 

a, O how the thought of God attracts. HoUnat 
Derirtd. 

I. Osoulof Jesus, sick to death. Patsiontide. Some* 
times this la divided Into two parts, Pt. ti. beginning, 
" My God, my God, and can it be." 

iL Flora his Oratory Hymns, 1854. 

8, Christiana, to the war I Gather from afar. Tke 
Cariittan War/are. 

9, O come to the merciful Saviour that calls yon. 
Pivine Invitation, In many collections. 

10, God, Thy power is wonderful. Power and Eter- 
nity of God. 

II. O It la sweet to think, Of those that are departed. 
Jfanoryaf the Dead. 

13. O what are the wages of sin t The Wages of Sin. 
IS. O what is this splendour that beams an me now i 

Heaven. 

14. Saint of the Sacred Heart. St. .Win the Evan- 
gelitt. 

iii. Prom his Hymns, 1862. 

15. Father, the sweetest, dearest Name. Tht Eternal 
Father. 

lft. Full of glory, full of wonders, Majesty Divine. 
Holy Trinity. 

IT, Hark I the sound of the fight. Processions. 

IS. How pieasant are thy paths, O death. Death Cim- 
templated. 

19. OGodgWhosetboughtsarehiightestllght. Think- 
ing no Evil. 

20, O why art thou sorrowful, servant of God i Trust 
in God. 

SI. Souls of men, why will ye scatter i The Divine 
Call. 

23. The land beyond the sea. Heaven Contemplated, 
S3, The thought ofGod, the thought of thee. Thought* 

of Ond. 

24. We come to Thee, sweet Saviour. Jesus, our Best. 

In addition to these there ate also several 
hymns in C. U. in Soman Catholic hymn- 
books which are confined to those collections. 
In the. Hys. far the Year, by Dr. Bawes, Nos. 
77, 110, 112, 117, 120, 121, 122, 125, 127, 128, 
131, 140, 152, 154, 169, 170, 174, 179, 180, 192, 
222, 226, 230, 271, 272, are also by Faber, and 
relate principally to the Blessed Virgin Mary. 
Several of tliese are repeated in other Roman 
Catholic collections, [J. J.] 

Faber, Johann Ludwig, was b. at 

Niiraberg, 1635. He studied at the Univer- 
sities of Altdorf, Tubingen and Heidelberg, be- 
came in 1657 eonreetor, and in 1664 rector of 
the school at Oettmgen, in 1666 rector of the 
school at Herebruck, and in 1670 became fifth 
master in the Egidien Gymnasium at NUrn- 
berg. He d. at Ntirnberg, Nov. 28, 1G78. 

He was crowned as a poet by Slglsmuud von Birkcn 
In 1069. In 1064 he was admitted a member of the 
Pegniti Shepherd and Flower Order, and his hymns 
were contributed to the Poetitche Andachttklang, Nnrn- 
berg, 1813, — a collection of verses by various mem- 
bers of the Order founded on the meditations In Dr. Heln- 
rlch Mttller's Geistliehe Erquiekstunden, Rostock, 16ft*- 
1960. One of these has passed into English, viz. :— 

lob. 1*** ion nieht, del lion gelaaaen [Lone to 
Christ], 18T3, as abwe, NoSO.in 6 St., founded on No. 300 
of Mullens meditations. Sometimes erroneously ascribed 
to Gottfried Arnold, SV.as "Heave Him not, Whorcme 
to save," by Mitt Winkworth, 1869, p. NS. [J. M.l 

Fading, still fading, the last beam is 
shining, [Evening."] This anonymous hymn 
appeared in Hys. far Vestry and Fireside, 
Boston, U.S., 1841, where it is ascribed to the 
Sacred Minstrel, a book of tunes, dated 1830. 



FAITH, HOPE, AND CHAKITY 

It has attained to great popularity in America, 
and is given in a. great number of modern 
bymn-books, although unknown to those in 
G. Britain. It is in a peculiar metre and of 
exceptional merit. Orig. text in Songs for the 
Sanctuary, N. Y., 1865 and 1872. [J. J,] 

Fain would my thoughts fly up to 
Thee. J. Austin. [Hope.] From his De- 
votions in the Antient Way of Offices, 1668, 
into Lord Selborne'a Bh. of Praise, 1862-1867, 
and T. Darling's Hymns, etc., 1855 and 1887. 

Faint not, Christian, though the 
road. J. H. Evans. [Patient Endurance.'] 
Appeared in the 4th ed, of his Hys. Selected 
chiefly for PtJ>. Worship, 1833, in 7 at. of 4 1., 
and in the Bev. Oarus mi son's FriendlyVititor, 
Aug., 1835, with the signature " Alix." It is 
based on Heb. iii. 8. The hymn, " Fear not, 
children, though the road," in the Meih. Free 
Gli. S. 8. H. Bk., I860, No. 311, is composed of 
st. i.-iii., and vi. of this hymn, slightly altered, 
together with a chorus from another source. 
It is popular in America. [J. J.} 

Fair are the feet which bring the 

news. J. Mason. [Missions.] 1st pub. in 
his Spiritual Songs; or, Songs of Praise, 1683, 
p. 36, us "A Song of Praise for a Gospel 
Ministry," in 5 st. of 8 1. (Sedgwick's reprint, 
1859, p. 26). In its full form it is unknown to 
modern hymn-books. The following centos 
therefrom are in 0. U, : — 

1, Fair are the feet -which hrlnf the nem. InLong- 
fellow and Johnson'a Hyi. of the Spirit, Boston, U.S., 
IBM, No. 313 Is compiled ftojn st. I., HI. and It., consi- 
derably altered. 

SI. Bleaa'd are the feet which hrina; the newa. Thia 
was given In Bickersteth's Chritt. Psalmody, 1833, 
No. 429, and Is altered from st. 1., Ili.-v. 

S. How bleat the- feet whioh bring; the news. In 
Hall's Mtre, lass. No. Ill Is st. I., v. altered, 

4. How beautiful the feet that bring. This altered 
form of st. t.-ill., v. la by the Rev. J. Kebfo. It was 
given in the Salisbury H.Bk., IsST, No. 18B, the Sarum 
H„ 18«B, Kennedy, 1S63, and otbere. [J. JJ 

Fair shines the morning star, J. 

Montgomery, [Year of Jubilee.] Appearedin 
his Christian PsalmUt, 1825, No. 556, in 5 st 
of 6 1., and in his Original Hymns, 1853, No. 
263, tbe title in each case being "The Year of 
Jubilee." In 1836 J. Oonder adopted it for 
the Cong. H. Bfc., and others have followed, 
both in d. Britain and America : but its use is 
not so extensive as many of Montgomery's 
hymns. In the N, Y. Church Praise Bk.,18S2, 
No. 227, is a cento beginning with st i. of this 
hymn, and st, ii.-iv. from 0. Wesley's " Blow 
ye tbe trumpet, blow" (q.v.). [J. J.] 

Fair -waved the golden corn. J. H. 

Gv.rney. [Dedication of First Fruits.] This 
application of the " First Fruits " as a hymn 
of prayer and praise for Children appeared in 
the author's Marylebone Ps. & Hys., 1851, No. 
38, in 6 st. of 4 1., and not in his Lutterworth 
CoiH. of Hys., 1838, as sometimes stated. It 
has attained to great popularity, and is found, 
generally unaltered, in most of the leading 
modern hymn-books. Bingham, in his Hymno. 
Christ. Lat., 1871, has rendered it into Latin 
as " Pulchri.ua in Jndae campis crepitant* 
susurro." [J. J.] 

Faith, hope, and charity, these three. 

J. Montgomery. {Faith, Hope, and Charity.] 



FAITH OP OUB FATHERS 

In the M. Mas. this hymn is dated "Jan. 27, 
1831." It was printed in hia Original Hymns, 
1853, No. 164, in 4 st of 4 1., and entitled 
" The Christian Graces." It is riven in a few 
hymn-books in G. Britain and America : aa 
Br. Martineau's Eyt. of Praise and Prayer, 
1878 ; the New York Hyt. & Song* of Praise, 
1874, and others. [J. J.J 

Faith of our fathers 1 living BtilL 
F. W. Fabtr. [A Pledge of FaUhftdnes*.'} 
This hymn appeared as the first of two hymns, 
one " Faith of onr Fathers," for England ; and 
the second the same for Ireland, in his Jesus 
and Mary; or. Catholic JJys. for Singing and 
Beading, 1819, in 4 st. of 6 1. It was repeated 
in his Oratory Hymns, and several Roman 
Catholic collections for missions and schools. 
Its nse illustrates most forcibly how in hym- 
nody, as in other things, "extremes meet." 
Iu tile original at. iiL, 11. 1, 2, read : — 
" Faith of oar Fathers I Hair's prayers 
Shall vlii our country back to thee." 

In 1853 Drs. Hedge & Huntington altered 
these lines to : — 

"Faith of oar Fathers! Ootid men's prayers 
Shall win oar country all to thee. 

for their Unitarian Hys. for the Ohvrek of 
Christ, No. 465. With this alteration it has 
passed into several Nonconformist collections 
in G. Britain and America. With the altera- 
tion of these few words the hymn is regularly 
sung by Unitarians on the one hand, and by 
Roman Catholics on the other, as a metrical 
embodiment of their history and aspirations, 

[J. J.] 
Faith, tis a precious gift. B. Beddome. 
[Faith described?] Of this popular hymn 
various forms are in C. U. both m G. Britain 
and America as follows : — 

1. The original whicbwas given in the Bristol Bap. 
CWI. of Ash & Evans, lies, No. Mi, in 4 Bt. of 4 1. 
This was repeated In Rippon's Set,, iw, and later edi- 
tions, and several modern hymn.books. 

2. The text as in R. Hall's posthumous ed. of Bed- 
dome's Bywns, ISO, No, 1*5, where after at. !i. altera- 
tions are Introduced, and another stanza (It.) is added. 
This t«t is riven In tbe Bap. M. * Hat., i&ts. 

3. "Falthle* precious gift." Thlslsanalteiedfonn 
of the hymn, In Dr. Alexander's Augut tint It. Bk,, 1849- 
66, partly from tbe 1)«9, and partly from the 181} texts ; 
and In the American Bap. Praia Bk„ ie)i, from the 
1)W text. 

4. "Fatthlstlwgln^GodV'taBBeppeSonMo/G.* 
ft, 18)1, is an alteration of the 181) text In 6 st. 

Taken in its various forms this hymn is 
very extensively used. [J. J.] 

Faithful, O Lord, Thy mercies are. 

C. Wesley. [God's Faitkfulnete.] In several 
American hymn-books two hymns are given 
with this opening tine, as follows : — 

{1} No. 30Q, fa Longfellow and Johnson's B$t. of th* 
Spirit, 1BS4, In a st. of 4 1. This Is No. 1)1 of C. Wes- 
ley's Saort Bmnt, &c., DSS, voL 1„ on Ex. xxitv. S. 
(i) Tbe second is tn the Bap. Proim fife, mi. No. sis, 
and is composed of portions of Nos. 189, lid, m of the 
Short Bvmni, Sc. (i\ Werkt, 18SB-VS, vol. lx. p. so). 

[J. J.] 

Falekner, Justus, from his interest as 
the first Lutheran clergyman ordained in 
America, demands a somewhat fuller notice 
than woold otherwise be given. 

Ho was fourth s. of Daniel Falekner, Lntberan pastor 
at Langenrelnsdort, Crimmitaehsu, Zwlekan, Saxony, 
and was b. then, Nov. as, 1 8)2. He entered the Uni- 
versity of Halle, Jan. so, 1693, as a student of theology 
under A. H. Franeks : bnt on completing his conise felt 
the responsibility of the ministerial office intbeGennan 



FALK, JOHANNES V. 



363 



Church of that time too great lor him to undertake. 
Aletuc with bis elder broker Daniel, who bad shortly 
before returned from America, we find Justus accepting 
at Rotterdam, April S3, 1)00, a power of attorney for 
tbe sale of Penn s lands in Pennsylvania. In 1)81 ten 
thousand acres of Penh's landa were sold to Provost 
Andreas Rodman and other Swedes residing on tbe 
Manatawny. By tntenxraise with Bttdman or otherwise 
Justus was led to reconsider his views on the ministry, 
and was on Nov. S4, 1)03, ordained In tbe Swedish 
Church of Wlcaeoa, Philadelphia, by RudTnan, T. £. 
BJOrek, and Andsrs Ssnde!. all Swedish Pastors. His 
first charge was tbe pastoral oversight of the I>utcb 
settlers on the Manatawny, near New Hannover ; hut 
shortly afterwanls he was sent by Kudman to take hia 
place as pastor of tbe Lutheran CorgrvgsUoosatNsw 
York and Albany. There he proved himself an earnest, 
faithful and diligent 'worker, ministering also as occa- 
sion permitted, until their organization became conso. 
lidated, to three congregations In New Jersey (on the 
Hackeusack, In Bergen County, end on the Rarltan) 
and two In the State of New York (Loonenburg and Neu- 
burg>. In 1)23 the pastorate at New York became va- 
cant either fcy tbe deathortemovalofFalckner, Hldbael 
Knoll, who became pastor at New York In 1)32, states 
that Falekner d. Iu DSS. The entiles In Church regis- 
ters which bave been held lo prove tbat wben he felt the 
weight of years he retired to New Jersey as a entails* 
and easier field of labour, seem to he signed by a Daniel 
Falekner — » whether brother, nephew, or son does not 
appear (uss., kc, tram Pastor Kohler, Langenrelosdetf ; 
tfoin I>r. B. M. Scbmueker, Pottstown, Pennsylvania, 
fee. Details from these sources are given more fully In 
the Blatter fUr Rymnslogit, 1885, pp. 3-S> 

To his Catechism, the first known publica- 
tion by a Lutheran minister in America (writ- 
ten in Dutch and pub. at New York, 1708, as 
Grondlycke Onderrieht, ire.), three hymns are 
appended which seem to he trs. from the Ger- 
man. The only hymn by Falekner (r. into 
English is : — 

Aufl ihr Christen, Chrirti fiHeder, [Christian 
Warfare.'] It seems to have heen written while 
he was a student at Halle, and appears in the 
Geiitreichts S. B., Hnlle, 1697, p. 430, in 11 at. 
of 6 1., entitled "Encouragement to conflict in 
the spiritual warfare." It is a vigorous and 
stirring hymn, and after its reception into Frey- 
linghansen's Q. B., 1704, came into extended 
use, And is still found in mnnv collections as in 
the Um. L.S. 1851. The only tr. in C. U. is:— 

RisOi ye children of salvation, omitting st. 4 in 
Mrs. Bevan's Songs of Eternal Life, 1858, p. 10. 
Three centos have come into use — the trs. of St. 
1, 3, 9 in Dr. Pagenstecher's Coll., 1864 ; of St. 
1, 5, 9, 11 in the Kng. Fresh. Ps. # Hys., 1867, 
and the Temple H. BK, 1867 ; and of st. 1, 5, 
11 in Laudes Domini, K, Y., 1884, 

Another tr. 1* : " If our all on Him we venture," 
a tr. at st. til. ss st. IL of No. 1064 in the Supplement 
of 180B to the Mnavian tt. Bk., 1801 (1886, No. B09Y 

[J. M.j 

FaLk, Johannes Daniel, was b. Oct 28, 
1768, at Danzig, where his father was a wig- 
maker. With a stipend from the Town Council 
of Danzig, he entered the University of Halle 
in 1791, where he studied the classics and the- 
ology,remainingasaprivate tutor ftnr some time 
after completing his course. In 1798 he mar- 
ried and settled us a man of letters at Weimar, 
wheTe he was welcomed by Herder, Goethe 
andWieland, and where he gained some repu- 
tation aa a writer of satirioiil works. During 
the Napoleonic wars, after the liattle of Jena, 
1806, Falk found his true vocation ns a philan- 
thropist, first in the field hospitals and then in 
the care of destitute children. With the court 
preacher Horn he founded the " Society of 
Friends in Need," and shortly thereafter began 
his Refuge for poor children; receiving them 



364 



FANCH, JAMES 



without restrictions as to age, birth, country 
or creed, and after giving them a godly indus- 
trial training sought to find the girls places as 
domestic servants and to apprentice the boys 
to trade. He lived to see the Befugo in per- 
manent buildings (which in 1829 were made 
into a public training school for neglected 
children, under the name of Folk's Institute) 
and saw some 300 of his scholars fairly started 
in life. He d. at Weimar, Feb. 14. 1826 
{Kraus, pp. 120-125 ; AUg. Deutsche Biog., vi. 
549-551). His hymns are few in number, but 
one has attained considerable popularity : — 

da frShliene. [For the Great Festivals."] 
Written in 1816, and included in his Auserlestm 
Werkc, Leipzig, 1819, vol. i. p. 357, in 3 st. of 
6 I, entitled " Hymn for all the Three Festivals." 
St. i. is for Christmas, ii. for Easter, iii. for 
Whitsuntide. This form is No. 667 in the Unv. 
L. 8., 1851, hut being easy of expansion we find 
in the Speier O. B., 1659, No. 247, two other 
stanzas for each season added — in all 9 St. 
The only tr. in C. U. is -.— 

Kail, then glorious, then viotodeua. A free 
version by Dr. Kennedy of Folk's three sts., 
with original st. for Sunday and for the Seoond 
Advent, in his ffymno. Christ, 1863. [J. M.] 

Touch, James, known as the joint author 
with Daniel Turner of the hymn " Beyond 
the glittering, starry skies " (q.v.), was b. in 
1704, and d. Deo. 12, 1767. He was for many 
years a Baptist Minister at Bomsey, and 
Loekerly, Hants. In addition to Sermons, Ac, 
he pub. a 

Paraphrase on a 8$ict Jftmther of the FsOlms of 
David, done from the latin nf Buchawn, to which, are 
added tmu Occasional Pieces, L>£4. [J, J,] 

Fannie. A nam de pltmte of Mrs. Van 
Alstyne (q.v.) in Bright Jewels, N. ¥., 1S69, 
Royal Diadem, N. Y., 1873, Ac. 

Far down the ages now. E. Bonar. 
[The Church Militant.'] Pub. in his Hyt. of 
Faith and Hope, 1st Series, 1857, in 14 st. of 
4 1. The centos in G. U. all begin with st. i., 
but differ in the choice of stansss, and range 
&om five in the S. P. C. K. Church flp«, 1871, 
to eight in the New York By*, and Song* of 
Praiee, 1874. Although in extensive use in 
various forms, it is seldom that any two col- 
lections have the same arrangement. [J. J.] 

Far from my [our] heavenly home. 
E. F. Lyte. [Ps. cxxxniC] This s. M. version. 
of Ps. 137 is the most complete example of 
the author's method in paraphrasing the 
Psalms that we have : and furnishes us with 
a beautiful illustration of his tenderness and 
melody. It appeared in his Spirit of the 
Psalms, 1834, in 5 St. of 4 1. Its use exceeds 
that of any other of his Psalm versions, and 
is extensive both in G. Britain and America. 
Sometimes it is changed to "Par from oar 
heavenly home ; " and in other cases, as in 
E. A, a) M., sL ii., which reads : — 
" Upon the willows lone My hup hu silent bung \, 

How should I alng a cheerful song Till Thou Inspire 
mT tongue i " 
is omitted. Pull orig. text in H. Comp., 
No. 135. [Psalters, English, § wil] [J. J.] 

Far from my thoughts, vain world, 
begone. I. Waits. [Moly Communion.] 
This hymn was given in his H. <£ So. Songs, 



FAB PROM THE WOftLD 

1707 : nnd again in 1709 (Bk. ii., Nob. 15, 10), 
in two parts, each part consisting of 6 st. of 
4 1., and the second beginning, " Lord, what 
a henv'n of saving grace." Ft. i. was given 
with alterations and the omission of st. iii., iv. 
in G. Whitefield's Coll., 1753, No. 2, thereby 
rendering it a most suitable hymn for the 
opening of_ Divine Service. This use of the 
hymn is still followed, especially in America, 
as in Dr. Hatfield's Church H. Bk., 1872, Ac 
In the American Church Pastorals, Boston, 
1864, No. 710, st. v., vi. are given as "Blest 
Josub 1 what delicious fore I " Ft. ii. is also 
somewhat extensively u»ed in G. Britain and 
America. [J. J.] 

Far from my thoughts, vain world, 
depart. J. Gander. ~[Eoly Commuftion.] 
Appeared in his Cong. a. Bk., 1836, No. 148, 
in 6 st. of 4 1., on the words, " He was known 
of them in breaking of bread." In this same 
form it was repeated in his work The Choir 
and the Oratory, 1837, p 190 ; and again iu 
his Eys. of Praise, Prayer, &0., 1856, p. 85. 
A rearrangement of this hymn, given in the 
Leeds E. Bk., 1853, No. 727, is more popular 
than the original. It begins with st. iii., 
"Lord, in this blest and hallowed hour," nnd 
is composed of st. iii., ii. and iv. Another 
arrangement is st iii., ii., iv.-vi. This is in 
the Bap. P$. q} Eye., 1858. [J. J.] 

Far from the 'world, O Lord, I Sea. 

W. Cowper. [Retirement] In 1765, when the 
poet had. recovered his balance of mind and 
had to leave the charge of Dr. Cotton at St. 
Albans, under whose care he bad been placed 
by his family, his friends 

" Subscribed amongst themselves an annual allowance, 
such as nude his own diminished means just sufficient 
to maintain him respectably, but frugally, in retirement, 
and left talm to follow bis own course. His resolution to 
withdraw from the business of the worki, and from its 
society, occasioned those poems which, because of the 
circumstances that gays rise to them, belong properly 
to the personal history of an author. 

* Yu from the world, O Lord, I flee, 
From strife and tumult far ; 
From scenes where Satan wages still 
His most successful war.' 

Sonthey,' from whose Life and Works of 
William Cooper, ed. 1853, vol. i. pp. 105-6, 
the above is taken, quotes the complete hymn, 
and then goes on to say : — 

" After many unsuccessful attempts to procure lodg- 
ings nearer Cambridge. John Cowper wrote to say be 
had found some at Huntingdon, which bo believed might 
suit him." 

On Saturday, June 22, 1765, Cowper was 
taken to Huntingdon by his brother, and there 
left alone. 

" No sooner," says Cowper, "had he left me, than 
fltidlag myself surrounded by strangers, and in a strange 
place, my spirits began to sink, and I felt (such was the 
backsliding state of my heart) like a traveller in the 
midst of an Inhospitable desert, without friend to com* 
fort, or a guide to direct him. I walked forth, towards 
the close of the day. and in this melancholy frame of 
mind, and having wandered about a mile from the town, 
I found my heart, at length so powerfully drawn towards 
the Lord, that having a retired and secret nook in the 
corner of a field, I kneeled down under a bank and 
poured forth my complaints before htm. It pleased my 
saviour to hear me, so that this oppression was taken off, 
audi was enabled to irust in him that careth ivr the 
stranger, to roll my burden upon him, and to rest as- 
sured that wheresoever he might cast my lot, the God of 
all consolation would still be with me. But this was not 
all. He old for me more than either I had asked or 
thought," 



FAR FROM THESE NARROW 

The following day, Sunday, June 23, 1769, 
Cowper attended church for the first time after 
his recovery. He was specially impressed by 
the devotion of one of the worshippers, and 
with the reading of the Gospel of the day (1st 
8. after Trinity), which contained the parable 
of the Prodigal Son. He says : — 

" I went immediately alter church to the place where 
I had prayed the day before, and found the relief I hid 
there received wu bat the earnest of * richer Messing. 
How ahall I upren what the Lord did for me, except 
by saying, tbM be made ell bis goodness to pass before 
me. t seemed to apeak to htm face to face, as a man 
conversing with his friend, except that my speech was 
only in tears of Joy, and growings which cannot be 
uttered. I could eay Indeed with Jacob, not 'how 
dreadful,' bat how lovely, 'Is this place ! This is none 
other than tbe hoose of God. 1 "SmUkey, I. pp. Iob-b. 

Although Sonthey does not say that this 
hymn was written on this special occasion, and 
although he quotes the nymn three pages 
before he gives these details*, yet, when we 
rend in st ii., 

" Tbe calm retreat, the silent shade, 
With prayer and praise agree ; 
And seem, by Thy sweet bounty, made 
For those who follow Thee," 

we feel that these must have t>een the circum- 
stances and this the birth-place of the hymn. 
If so, its date will be June 23, 1765. 

The publication of this hymn wo have not 
been able to trace beyond the Olney Hymn*, 
177% Bk. iii.. No. 45, in 6 st of 4 1., and 
headed " Retirement." We have seen it stated 
that it appeared in the Gospel Magazine prior 
to this, but this is an error. Its use is exten- 
sive for a hymn of so personal a character. It 
is very beautiful, and Its associations with the 
poet's personal history give it a position of 
historical importance. [J. J.] 

Far from these narrow scenes of 
night. Anne Steele, [Heaven.] This hymn 
ranks in popularity aB one of the first of Miss 
Steele's hymns. It was first pub. in her Poem* 
on Subjeett ehiejly Devotional, 1760, vol. i. p. 
197, in 11 st. of 4 1., and entitled « The Pro- 
mised Land." It was repeated in her Poem*, 
Src, 1780, and in D. Sedgwick's ed. of her 
.Hymns, 1863, p. 96. In modern hymn-books 
it is found in various forms, ranging from 4 st. 
in tlie American Bap. Hy. [d> Tune] Bk., 1871, 
to 8 st. in the Wettmintter Abbey H. Bk., 1883. 
It was brought into use in an abbreviated 
form in the Church of England through R. 
Oonyers's CoU., 1767, and A. M. Toplady's 
Pt. & Hal., 1776 ; and amongst Nonconformists 
by the Bristol Bap. Ooll. of Ash ft Evans, 1769. 
In most American Unitarian collections a 
selection of stanzas rearranged from cm. to 
S.M. is given, sometimes in 7 st, as in Dabney's 
Set. of Hy*. & Ft., Aitdover, 1821 ; and again, 
in fl st., as in the My. [4 Tune] Bk. for the Oh, 
£ Rome, ftc, Boston, 1868. [J, J.] 

Farewell, poorworld,I must be gone, 
8. Crotman. [Death anticipated^ This is 
his "Pilgrim's Farewell to the World," in 
7 st of i I., in his Young Han's Meditation, or 
Some few Sacred Poem*, &c., 1664 (Sedgwick's 
reprint [18631, p. 7). The form in which it 
appeared in the " Sacred Melodies," appended 
to the ftwiprsAensttie ed. of Sippons Sel., 
1844, is 4 st of 4 1. and a chorus. Of these, 
st. ii. and the chorus am anonymous. In 1855 
Mr. Beeoher adopted this form of the hymn 



FATHER, AGAIN IN JESUS' 365 

for hU Plymouth CoR., No 1220. In this the 
first four fineB are from Grossman and Rippon, 
but altered to " Farewell, dear friend*, I must 
be gone ! " The second four lines and the 
ohorus are from Rippon ; and st. iii., iv. are 
anonymous. [J. J.] 

Farewell, thou once a sinner. C 
Wesley. [Death.] Appeared in his Hyt. <t 
Sacred Poems, 1749, vol. ii., No. 56, in 7 si pt 
8 1., and headed " On tie Death of a Friend " 
(P. Work*, 1868-1872, vol. v. p. 216). In 
Br. Martineau's Hwnnt, &c, 1840, No. 402, 
beginning " Farewell, thou once a mortal," is 
a cento from this hymn. It was repeated in 
his Hyt. of Praise and Pntjfer, 1873. [J. J.] 

Farningham, Marianne. [Hsarn, X,} 

Farrar, Frederic William, cc, s. of 
the Rev. Charles Penhorn Parrar, sometime a 
missionary in India, and late Hector of Sidcop, 
Kent He was b. at Bombay, Aug. 7th, 1831 : 
and educated at King 'William's College, Isle of 
Man, and at King's College, London, In 1850 
he obtained a classical exhibition, and in 1852 
a scholarship at the University of London, 
whence, after taking the degree of b.a., he 
passed to Trinity College, Cambridge. There, 
in 1852, he took (with other prizes) the Chan- 
cellor's Prize in English verse, and graduated 
in first-class classical honours in 1854, In 
the same year he entered Holy Orders, and 
was subsequently for some time an assistant 
master at Harrow School. In 1871 he was 
appointed to the head mastership of Marl- 
borough College, which he held until 1876, 
when he was nominated a Canon of Westmin- 
ster Abbey and Rector of St Margaret's, 
Westminster. He had previously been chosen 
Select Preacher before the University of Cam- 
bridge in 1868, and again in 1874, 1875, and 
Hulseau Lecturer in 1870. He was also ap- 
pointed in 1869 a Chaplain to the Queen, and 
in 1883, Archdeacon of Westminster. Arch- 
deacon Farrar has achieved a high reputation 
both as a writer and a preacher. He is the 
author of some volumes of fiction for the 
young which soon attained great popularity, as 
well as of several important works in the de- 
partments of philology and theology. Of the 
latter, his Life of Christ and Life and Work 
of St, Paid are the best known. As a preacher, 
Archdeacon Farrar stands in the first rank as 
a master of graceful eloquence. His contribu- 
tions to hymnody include, " Father, before 
Thy throne of light," " God and Father, great 
and holy," and a beautiful carol, " In the fields 
with their flocks abiding." [G. A C] 

Father, abide with us ! the storm- 
clouds gather. [The Divine Pretence de- 
tired.'] Given anonymously as No. 60 in the 
Rev. E. Clay's Appendix, issued in Feb., 1869, 
to bis Pt. & By*-, adapted for the Service* of 
the Ch. of England (1st ed., 1858). In 
Buepp's Song* of G. & G., 1872, No. 70S, it is 
repeated without alteration. {J. J.] 

Father, again in Jesus' Name we 
meet Lady Lucy K G. Whitmore. [Lent 
Evening.'] 1st pub. in her Family Prayer*, 
&c, 1824, in 4 st. of 4 1., as No. 8 of the 14 
hymns appended thereto. It is based on 
St Luke xv. 20. In 1833 Bickersteth gave 
it, with slight alteration, in his CAruf* 



366 FATHER, AND CAN IT BE 

Psalmody, No. 581. This was repeated by 
several editors as the original text In the 
Rev. F. Pntt's Hj/mnr, &e., 1861 ; the S.P.C.K. 
Church Hys., 1871, and others, at. ii. is omitted. 
It is a hymn of more than usual merit, and is 
in extensive use in G. Britain. In America 
it is also found in a few collections, including 
Lavdes Domini, 1884. In Windle it is attri- 
buted in error to "White." Orig. text in 
H. Camp. No. 14. [J. J.j 

Father, and can it be ? C Wesley. 
[Lent] Appeared in Itis Syt. & Sac. Poem*, 
1719, vol. I, No. 92, in 7 st of 8. 1. It is 
No. 5 of 7 hymns written " After a Recovery" 
(P. Works, 1868-1872, vol. iv. p. 447). The 
hymn, "O unexhausted Grace," which is 
given in most of the Methodist hymn-books, 
is composed of bL iv.-viii., and was included 
in tho Wet. H. Sk„ 1780, as No. 165. [J. J.] 

Father and Lord of our whole life. 
J. Keble. [Batter Eve.] "Written at Llan- 
dudno, Aug. 14, 1856, and fast pub. in the 
Salisbury H. Bh., 1857, and again in the 
(Son™ Hymnal, 1868, No. 135. The original 
contains 9 st. of 4 \, and is found in Keble's 
Miscellaneous Poems, 1869, pp. 116-118. In 
the Hyntnaru, No. 260, beginning " Jesu, 
the Author of our Life," is a slightly altered 
form of this hymn. [J. J.] 

Father, at Thy footstool see. C. 
Wesley. [For Unity.] In his Hymns 4 Sac. 
Poems, 1749, vol. ii., this is No. 8 of 55 hymns 
"For Christian Friends," in 6 st of 4 L (P. 
Works, 1868-1872, vol. v. p. 408). When 
given in the Wet. H. Bh., 1780, No. 500, st. 
v., vi. were omitted. This is repeated in the 
revised ed,, 1875, and several collections in 
G. Britain and America. The hymn in Dr. 
Martineau's Hymns of 1840, and of 1873, 
beginning with the same first line, is a cento, 
a few lines of which are from this hymn, but 
the rest wo have been unable to trace. [J. J.] 

Father, before Thy throne of light 

F. W. Farrar. [St. Michael and All Angels.'] 
"Written for the Anniversary of the Dedication 
of Marlborough College Chapel, 1855, the 
author being at that time Assistant Master 
of tie College under Dr. Cotton. In 1836 it 
was included in the Marlborough College H. 
Book ; and again in the revised edition of the 
same collection in 1869, No. 106. From the 
latter it passed into the Savoy Chapel Appen- 
dix to the Hymnary (Chapel Royal), the S. P. 
O.K. Church Hymns, 1871, No. 184, the H. 
Comp., 1876, and many other collections. It 
is admirably suited for daily use in public, 
schools, [J. J.] 

Father, behold with gracious eyes. 

C. Weshy. [Public Worship.] In tho Hys. 
for those that Seek and tltose that Have Redemp- 
tion, 4Jc, 1747 (P. Works, 1868-1872, vol. iv. 
p. 270), this hymn, in 6 st. of 4 I., is set forth 
for use " At tho Hour of Ectirement." A. M. 
Toplady, on including it in his Ps. d> Hys., 
1776, No. 60, omitted st. iii., added st. vt., vii. 
from Wesley's " Father of Jesus Christ, my 
Lord" (in the same Hymns, &o., 1747), and 
appointed the same for "Public Worship." 
From this text, and not the original, No. 780 
in the New Gwg., 1859-1874, is taken; Top- 



FATHEB, GOD, WHO SEE8T 

lady's st, iv., v. being omitted, and the rest 
somewhat altered. [J. J.] 

Father, by Thy love and power. J. 

Austice. [Evening.] Printed by his widow 
for private circulation in Hymns by the late 
Joseph Anstiee, M.A., &c, 1836, No. 3, in 
4 st. of 10 1. In 1841 it was given in The 
Child's Christian Year, with one change only, 
that of st. i., 1. 8, « Lull Thy children to 
repose," to " Lull Thy creatures to repose^" 
which in the H. Camp, is again changed to 
" Grant Thy children tweet repose," and ac- 
companied by a note (.Nefeg, 31) which shows 
that Bp. Bickersteth used The Child's Chris- 
tian Year text as the original, in error. In 
the numerous hymn-books in which this 
beautiful hymn is found, not this line, but 
st. iv., 1. i.-iv., have been the source of diffi- 
culty. They read in the original : — 
" Bleesed Trinity ! be near 

Through the hours of darkness draw ; 

When the help of nun is fir, 

Ye more dearly present are." 

The attempts which have been made to over- 
come the weakness of these lines have been 
many. The most important of these are : — 

1. " Blessed Trinity, be near. 

Through the hours of darkness drear] 
hen, when shrinks the lonely heart. 
Thou more clearly present art." 
S. P. C. K. Appendix to Pi. AUyt., 1869, their (Sure* 
Hymns, 1871, sad many others. 

2. " Blessed Trinity, be near 

Through tbe-bours of darkness drear; 
Oh, enfold us in Thine arm, 
Screen/ran danger, stvaefrom Aim." 

Hymnary, 1872, 

3. " Blessed Trinity, be new 

Through the hour of darkness drear ; 
3%en when shrinks tJie lonely heart. 
Thou, O God, watt present art," 
Hymnal Companion, 1870-78 ; Thring"s CM., 1382 ; 
Laudet Domini, N. Y. 1884, and others- 
Other arrangements of these lines ore also 
given in some of the collections, but these are 
the most important. In addition there is 
also are-arrangement of the textintheCooko 
& Denton Church Hyl., enlarged ed., 1855, 
No. 338, in 4 st. of 8 L ; and m the Bev. F. 
Pott's Hymns, Ac., 1861, No. 23, in 4 st. of 6 1, 
In its various forms the use of this hymn is 
extensive. [J. J.} 

Father, ere we hence depart- J. 

Hart [Dismission,'] 1st pub. in his Supple- 
ment to his Hymns composed on Various Sub- 
jects, 1762, No. 82, in 2 st. of 4 1. In 1767 it 
was given in B. Conyers's CoU. as " Father, 
before wo henco depart." - This was repeated 
in Toplady's Ps. * Hys., 1776, No. 15U, and 
is the received text of modern hymn-books in. 
G. Britain and America. [J. J.] 

Father, God, Who seest in me. O. 
Wesley. [Pleading tfte Atonement] Four 
hymns beginning with the same stanza are 
known to hymnody as follows : — 

1. The original in C. Wesley's Hymni on the Lord's 
Supper, 1745, No. 119, in 4 at. of 4 I (P. Works, 1868- 
187% vol. ill. p. 301) ; E. Oonyera'a CM., If 6), ex. 

3. The sune with the omission of st. (v. in Syt, for 
the Chapel of Harrow School, 18SHS6S. 

3. " Father, Lord, "Who seest in me," in a few of the 
older collections, and In Windle. 

4. *■ ffrooww God, lSo»«est nie,"intheMetb.IIew 
Oonneilon H. Bit., 164T, No.482,»ndlateredltiom. 

s. A curious cento, also asswdated with this bymn, 
and beginning with st. L.iaralUnpon'sB&pt. Sd.,lta7, 
and later editions. This remarkable patchwork Is nude 
up Home. Wesley's four hymns : (i) " Father, God, Who 



FATHER, HEAR OUB HUMBLE 

teeat In me j " (1) " Fathsr, see the victim slain ; " (3) 
"Depth of merer am there be;" (*) "Bise, mysotO, 
with srdotu* rise," as follows :— 

St, I., It X— *» from No. 1 ; st. i. 11. s-6, from No. a. 

St. 11., U. 1-J, from No. 4 ; Bt. IS., 11. M, from No. 3. 

8t. 111., 11. l-«, from No, 4 ; at. lv. t 11. 1-4, from No, 1. 

St. [v., 11. b, B, from No. 2 ; st. v., 11, 1-t, from No. 3. 

St. v., 11. 6, 6, from No. 4; st. vl.,11. l,i,fn>ni No. B. 

St, vi., 11, 3-S, from No. 1. [J. J,] 

Father, hear our humble olaim. C. 

Wesley. [For Unity.'] In Longfellow & 
Johnson's Bwnnt of the Spirit, Boston, U.S., 
1861, No. 227, and in the Songs for tfce Sanc- 
tuary, 1865-1872, No. 823, This cento is 
taken from two hymns by C. Wesley: (1) 
"Come, and let ua sweetly join"; and (2) 
" Father, Bon and Spirit, hear," both of which 
appealed in Hymn* & Sac. Poems, 1740, and 
each of which has furnished several centos to 
the hymn-books. This cento is st. i. from 
No.l,andst.ii.-v.fromNo.2. (SceP. Works, 
1868-1872, vol. L pp. 351, 356, 357.) [J. J.] 

Father, hear the blood of Jesus. C. 

Wesley. [Holy Communion.] In Toplady's 
Ps. & Hys., 1776, and others of the older col- 
lections, this hymn is composed of two hymns 
by C. Wesley, 1st pub. in his Hymns on the 
Lord's Supper, 1715 ; " Father, hoar the blood 
of Jesus,"iu 2 st. of 8 1., and " Dying Friend 
of Sinners, hear ns," in 2 st. of 8 1. (P. Works, 
1868-1872, vol. iii. pp. 225-226). In modem 
hymn-books tho first of these hymns is given 
alone, as in the Lavdes Domini, N. Y,, 1884. 

[J. J.] 
Father, hear the prayer we offer. 
Prayer,] Given anonymously in J.S.Adams's 
^salms of Life, 1 857, No. 283, in 5 st. of 4 1. ; 
in Longfellow and Johnson's Unitarian Hymns 
of the Spirit, Boston, U.S., 1864, No, 558, in 
4 st, of 4 1. ; in the Songs for the Sanctuary, 
N.Y.,1865; Laadet Domini, 1884, and others; 
and, with an additional stanza, in W. G. 
Herder's Cong. Hymns, Loud., 1884. [J. J.] 

Father, hoar Thy children's praises. 

H. J. BnckolL [Commemoration.] Appeared 
in the Ps. & Hys. for the Use of Rugby School 
Chapel, 1850, No. 54, in 5 at. of 4 1., and ap- 
pointed "For the Founder's Oommemoration, 
October 20th." From the Sugby book it has 
passed into that of Harrow, and others of the 
public schools, and a few general collections, 

[J. J.] 
Father, how wide Thy glory shines. 

I. Watts. {Glory of God and Salvation of 
Men.] 1st pub. m his Harm Lyrica, 1705, in 
9 Bt of 4 1., and headed " God glorious and 
Sinners saved," As early as 1738-1741 J. 
Wesley inoliided it in an abbreviated form in 
his Ps. & Hymns, and it was subsequently 
given about 1800, in the iWes. H. Bk. Its 
early use in the Church of England was fur- 
thered by B. Conyere, De Courcy, A. M. Top- 
lady, and others. Its use, but usually in an 
abbreviated form, is extensive in G. Britain 
and America. Full original text in modern 
editions of the Horse Lyriem, and Watts's 
Works. [J. J.] 

Father, I dare believe. C. Wesley. 
[Holiness desired.] This hymn is composed 
as follows : — 

L from Sftoit Bynau, lie., 1KB, vol. 1., No. SSI. Ps. 
exxx. 8. 

ii. fhanflSort Bmnt,^., ilea, vol. 11, No. iitb, 
Oer. lv. 1. 



8 



FATHER, IF THOU MY 367 

ttl. from Short J^nti>, &c, DM, voL li., No. Ills, 
Jet. lv, 14. 

In this form It was given in (he Wit. H. Bk., 1)80, 
No. 398, end has been retained In subsequent edition! 
of the same, and has also paased into otber hymn-books. 
Orig. text, P. Works, 18S8-7 S, vols, li., x. [J, J J 

Father, I know that all my life, 

Anna L. Waring. [Besignatioa.] 1st pub. 
in her Hymns and Meditations, 1850, No. 1, 
in 8 st of 6 1., and headed, "My times are in 
Thyhand." (Enlarged ed. 1863-1871.) One 
of the first, if not the first, hymn-book to bring 
it into C. U„ was the Leeds H. Bk., 1853, No. 
892. Since then it has passed into numerous 
collections in G. Britain and America. Al- 
though faulty, and awkward in rhythm, it has 
attained to a considerable circulation, its deep 
devotional Bpiiit and intense personality being 
very attractive to many. Although best 
adapted for private reading, it is suitable, 
under special circumstances, for congregational 
use. In the American Unitarian fly. [<£ Tune] 
Bk. for the Chvreh and the Home, Boston, 1868, 
No. 224,stv.,vii.£Viu.,are given in an altered 
form as : — ** I ask Thee for the daily strength :™ 
st. i-iv. being given as No. 223. [J. J.J 

Father, I stretch my hands to Thee. 
C. Wesley. [Faith desired.] From Psalm* 
A Hymns, 1741, in 6 st of 4 1., and entitled 
"A Prayer for Faith" (P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. ii. p. 13). In 1760 M. Madan included 
3 st, in his Coll., and thus introduced it into 
the Church of England. The altered text in 
the Wes. H. Bk. was given in the Supp. of 
that hymnal in 1830. Our authority for as- 
cribingthishymnto C. Wesley with an expres- 
sion of doubt is the following note by Dr. 
Osborn in the P. Works, 1868-72, vol. it p. 8. 

" Hie leader will observe that of the ISO hymns con- 
tained In this volume an originally published [Ps. & 
Hymns, 1M1], more thin 130 may be traced (by refer- 
ence Riven above in brackets) to previous publications 
by other authors ; and were merely selected, arranged, 
and mow or less altered by Wesley. Only three of 
those which have been ao treated have been reprinted 
here; viz, ■ Resignation,* 'Submission,' end the Brat 
' Hymn to Christ.' The second with that title, to- 



gether with * A Thought in Affliction.' ' A Player for 
the Light of Life,' 'A Prayer of Faith' pie abort 
n#nmj, and ' God's Love and Power,' are also reprinted, 



because they have not been identified in other collec- 
tions, and may possibly be Wesley's," 

The hymn is in several modern collections 
both in G. Britain and America. [J. J.} 

Father, I want a thankful heart, 
C. Wesley. [Desiring to know God.] This 
cento in the Scottish Bvang. Union ffymnal, 
1878, No. 212, in 2 at. of 6 1. (where it is 
ascribed to A. M. Toplady in error), is com- 
posed of st. vi. of C. Wesley's "Father of 
Lights, from Whom proceeds : and st v. of 
his *' Jesu! my Great High, Priest above." 
These two hymns appeared in tho Wesley 
Hys. & Sac. Poems, 17S9. (P. Works, 1868- 
1872, vol. i. pp. 77, 88.) [J. J.] 

Father, if Thou my Father art. C. 



Wesley. [Prayer for the Witness of the Spirit.] 
Pub. in Hys. and Sacred Poems, 1710, p. 131, 
in 6 st. of 6 L, and headed, " Groaning for the 



Spirit of Adoption" (P. WOTfcs,186{P?2,vol.i, 
p. 307). In the Wes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 365, 
st. ii-vi. were given as "I want tue Spirit of 
power within.'' This form of the hymn has 
been repeated in several collections in G. Brit. 
and America. [J. J.] 



368 FATHER, IN HIGH HEAVEN 

Father, in high heaven dwelling. 

Q. JJawwn. [Evening."] let pub. in the 
Leeds H. Bk., 1853, No. 762, Id 4 st. of 6 1., 
and based on a portion of Our Lord's Prayer 
(St Luke xi. 3, 4). It was repeated in the 
Bapt Ps. A Hys., 1858-80, and several other 
collections in Great Britain and America. Mr. 
Rawson revised the text for Ma Hymn*, 1876. 
In Kennedy, 1863, it is given as, " Father, who 
in heaven art dwelling." [J. J.} 

Father, in Whom we live. C. Wetley. 
[Holy Trinity.'] let pub. in his Hymru for 
those that Seek, and those that Have Redemp- 
tion, Ac., 1747, No. 34, in 4 st. of 8 1., nnd 
entitled " To tbe Trinity." In 1776 Topladv 
included it in his Ps. & Hys., No. 349, anil 
thus brought it into use in tho Church of 
England. It was included unaltered in the 
Wet. H. Bk. in 1797, and retained in the 
revised ed. of 1875, No. 253. It is also in 
several American hymn-books. A portion of 
the cento " Father of all, to Thee; Let end- 
less," &o. (q.v.) is taken from this hymn. 

[J. J.] 

Father, let me dedicate. L. Tuttiett. 
[.New Year.] A New Year's Hymn in 4 st 
of 8 1^ which appeared in his Oertnt of Thought 
on the Sunday Special Services, 1664. It 
passed into the S. F. 0. K. Pi. & Hy»„ 1869, 
The Anglican B. Bk. 1868, and other collec- 
tions. It is one of the best known of the 
author's compositions. Orig. text in H, A. & 
M., 1875, No. 74. An abbreviated form of 
this hymn, beginning with st i., 1. 2, altered 
" This new year to Thee," is found in some 
collections. In a few American hymn-books 
it begins, "Father, here we dedicate." This 
is also in some English collections, as W. G. 
Holder's Cong. Hymns, 1884, &c. [J. J.] 

Father, Lord of earth and heaven, 
Spare or take, &o. C. Wesley. [Besigna- 
Hon.] Written at Bristol during the illness 
of one of his children, and 1st pub. in his 
Funeral Hymns, 2nd Series, 1759, in 10 st of 
4 1., and entitled "A Prayer for a dying 
Child." It was not given in tbe Wee. H. Bk. 
until the revised ed., 1875 (P. Works, 1868- 
72, vol. vi. p. 261). [J. J.] 

Father of all, from land and sea. C. 

Wordsworth, JJp. of Xiincotn, [For Unity,] 
Written by request after tbe Nottingham 
Church Congress, 1871, and set to music by 
H J. Gaunflett, Mus.D. It was added to 
the Holy Tear, 6th ed., 1872, and ioH.A.6 JIT., 
1875. It is also in a few American books. 

Father of all, in Whom we live. C. 
Wordsworth, 3p. of Lincoln. [Confirmation.] 
This hymn in 'three parts appeared in his 
Holy Year, 1862, pp. 207-210, with directions 
for their use as follows : — 

L ftther of all, la Whom. "Heftming to the nbole 
Congregstloti," In 3 et. of 8 1, 

U. Pad, in what nP teawtHlfye. " Referring to 
those who come to he confirmed : to be need before the 
Uytng on of amide," in 5 et. of 8 1. 

fit Our hearts ud voieei let u rtiee. " After tbe 
L«jing on of tbe huids of the Di tbop : to be rang speeUllj 
by tboee who here been confirmed." 

From pt ii. the following hymns have been 
taken, and are in C. U. ; — 

1. Ann these Thy eeldlen, mighty L*nL 

8. Omm, everUeisMl Bjtat, come. la Skinner's Daily 



FATHER OF EARTH AND SKY 

Servke Byntnal, lest; tbe Jtgvtnary, isn, end others 
end eln severel American collection!. 

8. Cluisti Who didet at Pentecost- In tbe PtariU't 
B., 1B6J. [J. J.] 

Father of all, my soul defend. J, 

Merrick. [Ft. xvi.] 1st pub. in his Psalms 
Tr. and Paraphrased in English Verse, 17G5, 
p. 27, and a^aiu in W. D. Tattersall'B re- 
arranged edition of the same, 1797. In the 
8th ed. of his SeL, 1819, No, 16, CotteriU gave 
a cento from this version (st i, viii.-xi.) be- 
ginning, " God of our life, our souls defend," 
This was repeated in later collections. Is. The 
Calcutta H. Bk., 1862, No. 16, this cento is 
repeated with tbe omission of st. ii, and tho 
alteration of the opening line to ** God of my 
life, my soul defend." Another cento is given 
in Pt. & Hys. Selected for Public Worship, &o., 
Bedford, 1859-64. It is composed of Cotterill'a 
first stanza as above, and tiiree stanzas from 
I. Watts's version of Ps.xvii., in hie Psalms of 
David, &c, 1719, "Lord, I am Thine; but 
Thou wilt prove." [J. J.] 

Father of all, to Thee ; With loving 
hearts we pray. J. Julian. [Lent,] Writ- 
ten in 1874, and pub. in Turing's Coil, 1882, 
and again in others. 

Father of all ! we bow to Thee. 
Hugh Blairi '[The Lord's Prayer.] First ap- 
peared as No. 10 in the Draft Scottish Trans- 
lations and Paraphrases, 1745, as a version of 
Matthew vi. 9-14, in 7 st. of 4 1. In the Draft 
of 1781 it is No. 33 slightly altered, and in 
the public worship ed. issued in that year by 
the Church of Scotland, and still in use, st. ii. 
and St. vi. 1. I, were rewritten. In the mark- 
ings by the eldest daughter of W. Cameron 
(q.v.) ascribed to Blair. The revised text of 
1781 has been included in the Eng. Presb, 
Ps. * Hys^ 1867, No. 133; in Worcester's 
Select Hys., Boston, U.S., 1835, No. 133; the 
American Presb. Pt. & Hys., 1843, No. 307, 
and a few other modem hymnals. A con- 
siderably altered form, reduced to 6 st, and 
beginning, " Father of all 1 to Thee we bow," 
is No. 21 in Cotterill's &*., 1819. [J. M.] 

Father of all, Whose powerful voieei. 
C. Wesley. [The LordCt Prayer.] 1st pnb. 
in Hymns & Sac. Poems, 1742, p. 273, in 9 st 
of 8 1,, as a Paraphrase of the Xord's Prayer 
(P. Works, 1868-1872, vol. ii. p. 335). In the 
Wes. H. Bk., 1780, it was given in three 
parts:— Pti." Father of all, Whose powerful 
voice"; Pt ii. "Son "of Thy Sire's Eternal 
love " ; Pt iii. ** Eternal, spotless Lamb of 
God," and numbered respectively 225, 226, 
227. In this form it has been repeated in 
later editions of the Wes. H. Bk., and has 
passed into other collections. In addition the 
hymn, " Father, 'tis Thine each day to yield," 
in Hall's Mitre, 1836, No. 214, and E. Osier's 
Chvreh & King, June, 1837, is composed of 
Wesley's st. vi. altered, and a new stanza by 
Osier. The popular doxology ■* Blessing and 
honour, praise and love," much used in Ame- 
rica, is the closing stanza of Wesley's para- 
phrase. This hymn is sometimes ascribed 
to John Wesley, but upon what authority 
we bave been unable to ascertain. [J. J.] 

Father of earth and sky. O. Wetley. 
[The Lord's Proper.] In his Short Hymns, 



FATHER OF ETERNAL GRACE 

to., 1762, vol. ii., seven short hymns were 
given on the seven clauses of the Lord's 
Prayer as in St. Matthew vi. 0-13, and num- 
bered 60-66. In the P. Work*, 1668-1872, 
vol. x. p. 178, these short hymns are massed 
together as one hymn of 7 at This arrange- 
ment was made for the Supplement to the 
Wet. H. Bk., 1890, and is repeated in the 
revised ed., 1875, No. 653. The version or the 
Lord's Prayer as in St Luke xi. 2-4, begins, 
" Father of me and all mankind," q.v. [J. J.] 

Father of eternal grace [love], > r - 
Montgomery. [The Image of God desired.] 
Written in 1807, at the request of Mr. Gar- 
diner, of Leicester, and put. by him in his 
Sacred Melodies, 1808, in 4 st of 4 1. In 1812 
It was included in Dr. Collyer's Coll* No. 919 ; 
in 1825 in Montgomery's Christian Psalmist, 
No. 464; and in 1853 in hia Original Hymns, 
No. 186. It is in 0. U.both in G. Britainand 
America. The hymn, " Father of eternal 
love," in Dr. Marunean'a Hymns, 4c, 1840 
and 1873, is the same with alight alterations 
and the omission of at. il. [J. J.] 

Father of eternal grace ! Thou hast 
loved, 4c. /. Cornier. [Missions.] Ap- 
peared in his Cong. H. Bk., 1836, No. 241, in 
3 it. of 4 L, and again as the last three stanzas 
of the hymn, " Thou from Whom all being 
sprang," which was given as the third of six 
hymns on " The Lord's Prayer," in 8 st. of 4 
1, in his work. The Choir and ike Oratory, 
1637, p. 31. In its original form of three 
stanzas it was repeated in the Leedi H. Bk., 
1853 ; the Bapt. Ps. & Hyt., 1853 and 1880 ; 
the New Cong., 1859 and 1874, and other col- 
lections, and in Condor's Hys. of Praise, 
Prayer, &c„ 1858, p. 48. [J. J.] 

Father of heaven above. Bp. E. S. 
Bickersteth. [Holy Trinity.] Written in 1870, 
and 1st pub. in his H. Comp. in 1870, the 
following note being added in the Annotated 
edition : — 

"This hymn by tin Editor was written far tbli 
hylnntl In Imitation of No. s * Supplemental Hymns,' 
by the Bev. Henry Moule. It ii in the earne meuun, 
and, with that anther's kind penniaeion, todndes two or 
three of hi* Hum." 

It was also given in his work, The Two 
Brother*, 1871, p. 232, and has passed into 
American use. [J. J.] 

Fattier of heaven, whose love pro- 
found. E. Cooper. [Holy Trinity.'] This 
hymn, the authorship of which was for a long 
time uncertain, is now known (on the authority 
of hia son, the Bev. Henry Gisborne Cooper) 
to be the production of the Rev. Edward 
Cooper. It was contributed by him to the 
VttoxeterSeUetion,lS05{BeB»t*ttiai^iiiaSjma- 
bookt, No. i.), whenoa it passed into the Ash- 
bourns Coll., 1808 (16. No. ii.); Cooper's own 
Selection, Lichfield, 1811 (16. iv.); Cotterill's 
Selection, 1810-1820; and subsequently into 
most hymnals throughout English-speaking 
countries. It is based on the Litany and con- 
sists of 4 st of 4 I,, the doxology as in H. A. & 
M., being a subsequent addition. In st. 4, 1. 
4, some hymnals read " all " instead of " us," 
but the original text follow the Litany in 
confining tbo prayer to the suppliant who 
offers it. The opening line has also been 
altered as follows :— (1) " Father of all, whoso 



FATHER OF LIGHTS, WE 389 

love from heaven," in the Rev. I. Gregory 
Smith's Hymn Book, 4c, 1855 ; (2) " Father 
of all. Whose wondrous grace," in the Bev. 
F. H. Murray's Hymnal, 1852 ; (3) " Father 
of all, Whose wondrous love," in the Cooke 
and Denton Church Hymnal, 1853. It has 
also been adapted as a hymn of praise by Miss 
Harriett Auber, in her Spirit of the Psalms, 
1829. This is accomplished by rewriting 
11. 3, 4 of each stanza. The first stanza 
reads: — 

" Father ot heaven 1 Whose love profound 
A ransom for our ■onl* bath found, 
Jo J%€e, ffnat &ed / the amg wejaite : 
Hetfirr Tny portioning lotsa njepraise." 

This form of the hymn is No. 74 in Dr. Dale's 
English B. Bk., 1874, Original text in Hy. 
Comp., No, 254. [G. A. C] 

Father of Jesus Christ my Lord, I 
humbly seek Thy face. C. Wesley. [Be- 
fore Private Prayer.] This hymn is No. 2 of 
six hymns given at the end of a tract entitled, 
A Short View of the Differences between the 
Moravian Brethren in England and J. and C. 
Wesley, 1745, in 7 st. of 4 L It was also in- 
cluded in the Hymns for those who Seek, and 
those who Bave Bedemption, &c, 1747, No. 39 
(P. Worts, 1868-1872, vol. iv. p. 259). Some- 
time after J, Wesley's death in 1791, but 
before 1809, it was given, unaltered, in the 
We>. H. Bk. It has passed into several col- 
lections, and is in C. U. in G. Britain and 
America. [J, J.] 

Father of Jesus Christ my Lord, 
My Saviour, Ace. C. Wesley. [Faith in 
the Promises and Power of God.] From a 
hymn of 10 st. in 4 1. on Bom. iv. 1G, 4c., in 
Hymns & Sao. Poems, 1742, p. 248, 11 st were 
given in the Wee. H. Bk., 1780, as No. 350. 
The same arrangement is in the revised ed., 
1875, and otheT collections (P. Work*, 1868-72, 
vol. ii. p. 309). A cento from the original 
beginning (st. ix.), "In hope against all 
human liope," was given in the American 
Meth. Episco. Hymns, 1849. [J. J.] 

Father of light, and life, and love. 
J, Montgomery. [Public Worship.] Written 
on Nov. 24, 1842, for the Molyneux Hospital, 
Dublin (v. Mas.), but omitted from ita Coll. of 
hymns, 1854. In 1853 it was included in 
Montgomery's Original Hymns, No. 287, in 6 
st. of 4 1., and in 1873 in Dr. Martineau'e 
Hys. of Praise & Prayer, No. 757. [J. J.] 

Father of light*, from Whom pro- 
ceed*. C. Wesley. 1st pub. in Hys. & Sae. 
Poems, 1739, in 8 si of 6 1„ and entitled " A 
Prayer under Convictions." Tho first five 
stanzas were given in the Wes. S. Bk., 1780, 
as No. 96, and repeated in later editions, and 
in otlier collections. Another arrangement 
appeared in Toplady's Ps. <£ Hys., 1776, No. 
284, and subsequent editions. It is in 8 st 
The first six are from the original as above, 
and the remaining two are the first and last 
stanzas of Ph. exxxix. in the Wesley Eft. A 
Sae. Poems, 1739. This cento is sometimes 
found in Church of England hymnals. Orig. 
texts,P.Worft«,1868-72,vol.i. 76,87. [J.J.j 

Father of lights, we sing Thy Name, 

P. Doddridge. [Ps, htvsiv.] This hymn is 
No, xlvif. in the d. uss, in 6 st of 4 L, and 

SB 



370 FATHER OP LOVE AND 

entitled " Providential Bounties Surveyed and 
Improved, St. Mutt. v. 45." A slightly dif- 
ferent text was given by Job Orton in his 
posthumous ed. of Doddridge's Hymns, 1755, 
No. 176, and the text iu J. D, Humphreys's 
ed. of the Hymns, &<*., 1839, No. 197, differs 
in a fow words from both. The 1755 text is 
that in C. IT. sometimes in an altered form. 
The hymn is given in most of the American 
Unitarian collections. [J. J.] 

Father of love and power. Q.Rainton. 
[Evening.'] 1st pub. in the Leeds H. Bk., 
1853, No. 7fil, in 3 st. of 7 1., again in the 
Bapt. Ps. and Hys., 1858-1880, No. 917, and 
ethers ; and in his Hymns, Ac, 1876, No. 51. 
In a us. note to this hymn (in tlie editor's 
copy) in the last named work, the author, find- 
ing that he had unconsciously given three 
lines from Marriott's " Thou Whose Almighty 
Word," in st iii., has substituted the following 
stanza ; — 

" Spirit of holiness, 

Ctentto transforming Grace, 
Indwelling Light ; 

Soothe Thou each weary breast, 

Kow let Thy peace possessed, 

Calm us to perfect rest,—. 
BLeBB us to-night." 
This, together with stanzas i. and ii. in his 
Hymns, &o., constitute tho author's revised 
text In Skinner's Daily Service Kyi., 1864, 
No. 28, the text is considerably altered, a 
doxology is added, and the whole is attributed 
to "C.L.," i.e. Christian Lories, 1860. [J. J.] 

Father of Love, our Guide and 
Friend W. J. Irons. [Confirmation.] Writ- 
ten lor a confirmation, held at Bromptou in 
1844, in 3 st, of 8 I. One of the earliest col- 
lections in which it is found is The Hys. for 
the Christian Seasons, by tlio Rev. ft, T, 
Lowe, Gainsbnrgh, 1854, No. 185. In 1861 
the author included it in his Words of the 
Hys. in the App. of the Brampton Metrical 
Psalter, No. 7 : in 1866 in his Hys. Jot use in 
Church, No. 20; in 1873 in his Hys. for the 
Church ; and in 1 875 in his Pa. aria Hys, for 
the Cknrch. In the last two it is divided into 
6 st. of 4 1. as in the Gainsburgh book of 1854. 
Outside of Dr. Irons'* collections it has at- 
tained to a somewhat extensive use in G. 
Britain and America, and is found in many of 
the boat selections. Originally written for 
Confirmation, it is aho adapted for " Tiie 
Now Year," or, in " Time of Trial." Original 
text in Turing's Coll., 1882, No. 284. [J. J.] 

Father of me and all mankind. C. 

Wesley. [The Lord's Prayer.] This pant- 
phrase of The Lord's Prayer as In St Luke 
xi. 2-4, was given in his Short Hymns, &c, 
1762, vol. ii., in 6 separate hymns numbered 
342-349; but in tlio F. Worhs, 1868-72, vol. 
xi. p. 200, these hymns are massed as one, 
No. 1366, in 10 st. of 8 I. The cento in C. U. 
appeared in the Wet. H. Bk., 1780, No. 242, 
in 5 st. of 4 1., and is compiled from tbe 
original hymns, No. 342 and 343. It is found 
in several collections in G. Britain and 
America, and sometimes as " Father and God 
of all mankind," as in Longfellow and John- 
son's Bk. of Hymns, Boston, 1846-8, &c. 
Wesley's version of tho Lord's Prayer na in St. 
Matthew vi. 9-13, begins, "Father of earth 
and sky," q^.v, [J. J,] 



FATHEE OP MERCIES, IN 

Father of [man] men, Thy care we 
bless. P. Doddridge. [Family Worship.! 
Appeared in J. Orion's posthumous ed. of 
Doddridge's Hymns,&a., 1755, No. 2, in 4 st 
of i ]., and headed, " God's gracious approba- 
tion of a religious care of our families." In 
J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the Hymns, printed 
from the original us. in 1839, a considerable 
difference is found in the hymns, Bhowing that 
Orton took more than usual liberties with 
Doddridge's text. The first st. reads: — 

11 Father of men, Thy sure we trace, 
ffftat crowns.ic£tA love our infant race ; 
From Thee they sprang, and by Thy power 
Are stilt tustain'd through every hour." 

The text followed by the compilers of hymn- 
books from Aah & Evans in their Bristol Bapt. 
Coll., 1769, to tho AW Cong., 1859-69, was 
that of Orton, 1755 : often altered as in Ash & 
Evans's Coll. to "Father of all, Thy core we 
bless." This latter is the more popular read- 
ing of the two. The Meth. New Connexion 
Hymns, Ac, 1835-60, has it as " Father of 
man, Thy care we bless." [J. J.] 

Father of mercies, Qod of love; My 
[Our] Father and my [our] God 0. 
Heginbotliom. [Praise to and Adoration of 
the Father.] Pub. in hiB (posthumous) Hys. by 
the late Rev. Ottiwell Heginbothom, of Sudbury, 
Suffolk, 1794 ; and in J. M. Ray f s CoU. of 
Hys., &c., 1799. It is in C. TJ. iu G. Britain 
and America, and is sometimes attributed to 
T. Baffles in error. It is also in limited use 
as, "Father of mercies, God of love, Our 
Father, and our God." [J. J.] 

Father of mercies, God of love; O 
hear a Bupplianf s cry. T. Baffles. [The 
Penitent's Prayer.] Published iu Dr. Oollyer's 
Hymns, &c., 1812, No. 809, in 6 st. of 6 1., 
and headed "The Penitent's Prayer." It 
was repeated in several of the older collec- 
tions, and at the present time it is in some- 
what extensive use. In America it is often 
ascribed to O. Heginbothom in error. [J. J.] 

Father of mercies, Qod of peace. 

[Harvest.] Appeared anonymously in the re- 
vised od. of Longfellow and Johnson's Unita- 
rian Booh of Hymns, 1848 (1st od. 1846), in 
4 st. of 6 1, and entitled "Thanksgiving 
Hymn," It is in their Jlys. of the Spirit, 
Boston, 1864, and In other American Unitarian 
hymn-books. [J, J.] 

Father of mercies, in Thine house. 
P. Doddridge. [Ordination.] 1st puh. in J. 
Orion's posthumous ed. of Doddridge's Hymns, 
&c, 1755, in 7 st of 4 1., and headed, " Tlio 
Institution of a Gospel Ministry from Christ, 
Eph.iv.11,12. For an Ordination." In 1839, 
it was pub. from the original ms. by J. D. 
Humphreys in his ed. of the Hymns, &c, No. 
315, as "Father of mercies, in Thy house," 
and with several additional differences. It is 
curious that Orton retained the original first 
line iu the index of the 1st ed. of the Hwmns, 
4c, but altered it in the body of the book. 
Orton's text is followed by all compilers. In 
the Supp. to the Wet. H. Bk., st-ii., iii.,v.-vii., 
were given ns "The Saviour, when to heaven 
He rose." This cento is retained in the re- 
vised ed., 1875. [J. J,] 



FATHER OF MEBCIES, IN 

Father of mercies, in Thy word. 
Anne Steele. [Holy Scripture.] 1st pub. in 
her Poem on Subject! chiefly Devotional, 1760, 
vol. i. p, 58, In 12 at. of 4 L, repented in the 
enlarged ed., 1780, and in Sedgwick's reprint 
of her Hymns, 1863, p. 36. In 1769, Ash & 
Evans gave a selection of 6 stanzas in their 
Bristol Bapt. CulL, No. 79, and from this ar- 
rangement mainly the well-known hymn is 
taken. It is in extensive use in G. Britain 
and America, and is one of the most popular 
of Miss Steele's hymns. [J. J.] 

Father of Peace and God of Love. 
P. Doddridge.' [Satinet* desired.] This 
hymn, from its historical connection with the 
Scottish Trantlationt and Parapkratetot 1745 
and 1781, has more than usual interest Its 
history in detail is this : — 

i. In Doddridge's us. in the "Booker hbb." 
No. ili. (see D*4diMc*), the text in his own 
handwriting is as follows : — 

"It. The Christian Perfected by the Once of Sod In 
Christ ; tan Heb. xiil. an, ji, 

" Father of Peace, and God of Love, 
We own thy pow'r to save ; 
That pow'r by which our Shepherd rose 
Victorious o'er the Grave, 
" We triumph in that Shepherd's name, 
Still watchful for our good ; 
Who brought th' eternal cov'nant dawn 
And seel'd It with his Wood, 
" So may thy spirit seal my soul. 
Aud mould It to thy will; 
That my fond heart no more may stray, 
But keep thy cov'nant still. 
» gun may we gain superior strength, 
Aud press with vigour en j 
Till foil perfection crown oar hopes, 
And fix us near thy throne." 
Another us. of Doddridge's Hymns Ig in 
the possession of the writer, dated Mar. 16, 
1739-40. This hymn is No. 2, and reads, st. f . 
1, 3, Saviour for Shepherd ; st. iii. 1. 4, ttat for 
thy ; and at. iv. 1. 7, crowns for crown. 

ii. Through the kind offices of Robert Blair 
a copy of the hymn fell into the hands of the 
Committee appointed to compile the Scottish 
Tram, and Paraphs.,vad by them was included 
therein as No. 34, in 1745, with st. ii, 1. 1, 
" Saviour'* name " for " ShepkercFs name," 
and st. iii. " oar souls " far " my soul," " them 
to" for "ft to," and "our weak hearts" for 
"my fond heart." 

iu. In the revised ed. of the same work, in 
1751, it was altered thus: bL i. as above; 
at ii, : — 

" Him from the Dead thou brooght'st again, 
When, by his Baend Blood, 
Conflnu'd and seel'd for evermore 
th' eternal Cov'nant stood. 

3. " O may thy Spirit seal our Souls, 

and mould them to thy Will ; 
That oar weak Hearts no more may stray, 
but keep thy Precepts still. 

4, " Work In us all thy hofy Will 

to man by Jesus shown : 
Till we, thro* htm, improving still, 
at last approach thy Throne," 
W. In 1755, Job Orton Included the text as 
in the " Booker ass." in Doddridge's Hymns, 
No. 825, and the same text was included in 
the ed. pub. by J, D. Humphreys in 1839. 

v. In 1781 the Scottish Committee included 
the form of the text now in common nee in 
the Trans, and Paraphs,, No. LX. It it thus 
composed: — 
St. 1. Original as in " Bwker use," 



FATHER, SON, AND 



371 



St. 2 and 3, coiTespondtng stances from the revised 
ed- £f Trr. and Part., L7S1, as above. 
St. 4, a new st, by W. Osaxenm, thus :— 
" That to perfection's sacred height 
we nearer still may rise. 
And all we think, and all we do, 
be pleasing In thine eyes." 

This arrangement and last stanza are as- 
signed to Cameron on the authority of his 
daughter ^see Oaownm, w.) This form of the 
hymn is in somewhat extensive use in all 
English-speaking oountries. It should be 
designated, "P. Doddridge, Scottish Tr. * 
Par., 1751, and W. Cameron." [J. J.] 

Father of the human race. W. B. 

Collytr. [Holy Matrimony.] 1st pub. in his 
Services Suited to the Solemnization of Matri- 
mony, &&, 1837, No. 10, in 3 st ot 4 I., and 
thettce unaltered into Spurgeon'a 0. 0. H. Bk., 
1866, No. 1046, and others in G. Britain and 
Amerioa. [J. J.] 

Father, our hearts we lift C. Wesley. 
[Christmae.] 1st pub. in his Hymns for the 
Nativity of our Lord, 1745, No, 9, in 5 st. of 
8 1. (P. Work*, 1808-72, vol iT. p. 114). In 
its full form it is not in C U., but a cento be- 
ginning with the first Tour lines, and completed 
with odd lines from the rest of the hymn, is 
in C. U. in America. See Dr. Hatfield's 
Church H. Bk., 1872, No. 408, [J. J] 

Father, see this living clod. C. Wet- 
ley. [fiotutew desired] This hymn is com- 
posed as follows ; — 

1. From Short Synnt, &C-, ITOz. vol. 1., Mo. s, 
Oen.il. ». 

ii. From Short Bfrmnt, Ik., 176% vol. 1., No. 1ST. 
Lev, xxvl. 13. 

111. From Short Hynnl, sjc, Ufa, vol. 1., ISO. BI. 
Gen. xvii. 1. 

Iv. From Short Synmi, Ac., ma, vol. 1., Ho. E. 
Oen. t. M. 

In this form it was given in the Wei. H. Bk., 
1780, No- 357, and has been repeated in later 
editions and has passed into other collections. 
{P. Works, 1868-72, vol. ix.) [J. J.] 

Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. In 
solemn power, &c. C. Wesley. {Adult 
Holy Baptism.] Written for the baptism of a 
female adult, and pub. in Hymns and Sac. 
Poem, 1749, vol. ii., No. 183, in 2 st of 8 1. 
(P. Works, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 389). In 18S8 it 
was included in the Saturn Hymnal, No. 233 ; 
the 8. P. C. K, Church Hymns, 1871, and one 
or two American collections. By the change 
of " her " to " his," as circumstances require, 
it can be used for both sexes. This plan is 
adopted in some hymn-books. £J. J.] 

Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, One 
in Three, &c C. Wesley. [Personal dedi- 
cation to Qod.] 1st pub. in the Hymns on the 
Lord's Supper, 1745, No. 155, in 6 st. of 6 1., 
and included in the Wes. H. £fc, 1780, No. 418. 
It has been repeated in subsequent editions, 
and is also found in other hymn-books in Q. 
Britain and America (P. Works, 1868-72, voL 
iii. p. 333), sometimes beginning with si v., 
"Now, O Qod, Thine own I am." Tho 
stanza (iv.) 

" Take my soul and body's powers ; 
Take my memory, mind, and will, 
Alt my goods, and all my hours, 

JU11 know, and all I fee). 
An I think, or speak, or dv, 
Take my heart i— but make it new ! " 
2B2 



372 



FATHER, SON, AND 



has been a favourite quotation in some religions 
bodies for more than a hundred years. Its 
spirit of self surrender, and ita deep fervour 
have suited both the strongly enthusiastic and 
the truly devout. Other parts of the hymn 
hsve also awakened more than usual interest. 
(See G. J. Stevenson's MetJi. H. Bk. Notes, 
1883, p. 290.) In tho Ohio Evan. Lutheran 
Hyl, 1880, this hymn isaacribed to I. Walts 
in error. ' [3. J.] 

Father, Son, and Spirit, bear. C. 

Wetley. [fctmuw'wi of Saints.] Tliis poem 
on "The Communion of Saints," in 39 st 
(in six parts), was pub. in the Hys. and S. 
Poems, 1740, p. 188 (P. TPorJrs, 1868-72, i. 
p. 356). From it the following centos have 
come into C U. t—r 

1, Father, Sen, and Strife hem. 

8. Othar ground emu no man lay. 

3. Christ our head] gone up on high, 

4. Christ &om whom all htesiing* Sow, 

These were given in the Wes. H. Bk., 1780. 
as one hymn in four parts and numbered 501- 
504. They are repeated in tho some form in 
later editions, and also in other collections. 

*. Pather, Son, and Spirit, hear. A cento in ft st, 
of 4 I. from the original poem, given ijt Toplady'e Ft. *fc 
Hy*., 177S, No. 24u. 

A. Ohriet from 'whom all Messing* flow. St. i.. 111- 
and v„ of It. Iv. of the original In W. F. Stevenson's 
Hyi.for Ch. <t ifoM*, is)S. 



7. Lord from whom all bleaaings flow. St. 1., 111. and 
i original in 
fly*., 185B, and others 



Iv., from Pt. Iv. of the original in the Bapt. Pt. it 



appy mhUj 
of tbe original In tho Altar jrjwmat, 1S84, No. IDS. 

B, Jesne ,Cbriot, who stands between. From Ft. v. 
of the original at. If., v. in the American Moth. Eplsco. 
Myxmi, 1849. 

10, Join us, in one spirit, join. St. 11., ill., ix. and x. 
from Pt. Iv. of the original In the American Unitarian 
ffyt.fvr the Ch.°f Christ, 1SS3. [J. J,] 

Father, Thy paternal care. Sir J. 

Banning. [The JJivine Father, the Giver of all 
good Gifts.] This cento is taken from hispoem 
for the third Tuesduy evening in Autumn, in 
his Matins and Vespers, 1823, p. 120. It is in 
3 st of 8 I., and is admirably suited for Flower 
Services. Its use amongst the American Uni- 
tarians is extensive. [J. J.] 

Father, Thy Son hath died. JET, Bonar, 
[Jesus, the Name of Monies.] This hymn on 
tho life, death, resurrection, ascension, and 
glory of Jesus, with the simple but beautiful 
petition at the dose of each stanza, 
1 Put honour on that Name of names. 
By biasing me," 

appeared in the 1st series of his Hyi. of Faith 
and Hope, 1857, in 7 st. of 9 1., the refrain 
being changed, as "blessing," to "pardoning," 
&B., throughout Althougb in C.LT, in a tow 
collections, its use is not equal to its merits. 
Possibly its peculiar metre may account for 
this neglect [J. J.] 

Father, Thy will, not mine, he done, 

J. Montgomery. [Resignation.] This hymn 
is said in tbe " w. mss." to hare been -written 
at Oekbrook. Derbyshire (a Moravian settle- 
ment), in 1841. It was given in Montgomery's 
Original Hymns, 1853, in 2 st. of 6 I., and en- 
titled "In Affliction." It is in several collec- 
tions both in 6. Britain and America. [J. J,] 

Father, to Thee my soul I lift. C. 
Wesley. [God the Giver of every good Gift.'] 



FATHER, WHO ON HIGH 

This is the flret of three hymns on PhiLii. 13. 
" It is God which worketb. in you both to will 
and to do," first pub, in bis Hymn* and Sac 
Poem*, 1749, vol. ii., in 3 st. of 8 1. (P. Work*, 
1868-72, vol. v. p. 374). It was given in the 
TFes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 423, and later editions, 
but divided into 6 st of 4 1. In addition to 
this text, which is in C. U. in G. Britain and 
America, another was included in Toplndy's 
Ps. & Hys., 1776, No. 21, in 7 st of 4 1., of 
which st. i.-v. are from this hymn, and st vi., 
vii. are from the last of the three hymns 
named above, The use of this text is limited, 
No. 210 in tbe S. P, C. E. Ps. & Hys. is from 
the former somewliat altered, [J. J.] 

Father, to Thy sinful child. J. Conder. 
[Lent.] Appeared in ilia Cong. H. Bk^ 1836, 
No. 517, in 7 st of 4 I,, and bused upon the 
words "Forgive us our debts, as we forgive 
our debtors/" In the following year it was 
republished in his work The Choir and The 
Oratory, 1837, p. 35, as Pt v. of " The Lord's 
Prayer in Six Parts," and again in his 
Hymns of Praise, Prayer, &c., 1856, p. 138. 
In the New Cong., 1859, No. 535, st vi. is 
omitted, and slight changes are also intro- 
duced. In Martineau's Hymns, Ac, 1840 nnd 
1873, a part of this hymn is given as, " Lord, 
forgive me day by d»y"(st iii) [J. J.] 

Father, we humbly pray, Bp. C. 

Wordsworth. [Bogation Tide.] 1st pub. in 
his Holy Year, 1st ed. 1862, p. 96, in 20 st of 
4 I. In the latest editions of ttie Holy Year 
the 20 st are divided into four parts, as (1) 
" Father, we humbly pray " ; <2) " With 
genial rains and dews"; fji) "Bless, Lord, 
Thy lioly Church*'; (4) "The widow deso- 
late." In the S. P. C. K. Church Bus., 1871, 
No. 140, and Dr. Dale's English B. Bk., 1874, 
No. 1232, the full text is given witli the omis- 
sion of at xit. Minor alterations are also 
introduced, [J. J.] 

Father, Who art in heaven. C. Wes- 
ley. [The Lord's Prayer.] This version of the 
Lord's Prayer was printed from the *' Wesley 
was." of Richmond College, Surrey, in P, 
Works of J. <fc C. Wesley, 1868-72, vol. x. 
p. 179, in 20 st of 8 1., and as one of his 
" Hymns on the Four Gospels." In 1875, a 
cento beginning, " From trials unexempted," 
was given in the Wes. H. Bk., No. 818. It is 
composed of st. xiii., xiv., xvi., xvii. [J. J,] 

Father, Who on high. [Holy Trinity.] 
This cento has a somewhat curious and com- 
plicated history, the details of which arc : — 

It appeared in J. A. Latrobe's Pi. * fljfi., 1841, 
No. 3, in 4 st. of S lines. It is based on an English 
hymn by L. T. Nyberg beginning, "Holy Trinity," 
Ho. 452, In pt. it. of the Jt&ravian H. Bk., 1(34, In 2 
at., for tho second of which one beginning, " Had wo 
angola* tongues," was substituted in tbe ed. of lTS*-~ 
tbls st. 11. In HOT being Mr. Latrobe's st. iv. In the 
Suppltmtnt of 1808 a hymn was included as No. 1033, 
beginning, "O eternal Word," In 2 St., of which st. i, la 
in the Jforamm Xttsmget, Sept. 18SS, ascribed to C. 
Cfrcgor.nnd dated 1T«1; and Is st. 1. tl. 3-»,and II. 11. 1, 
2, of Mr. Latrobc. Tbe remaining lines and at. 111. — 
which seems based on st. iv. or "Alleln Gott in der 
Hoh' eel Ehr " (q. v.) — are added to make tbe fajmo 



suitable for Trinity Sunday, and as snch It was Included 

' " In his i " 

ig, 
high," and this was repeated, further altered, in Allen's 



hy Mercer as No. 104 

ed. 1864, No. 240). beginuini 



C.P.*B.Bk., 1SST (Ox. 

Father, throned on 



I No. 19 



Sappl. Hys. ; os No. 1O0J In the N. 

In tbe Mttk. S. s. If. Bk., 1883. In the fc*g. Prob. Pt. 

<t Itgs., issl, No. 818 is Mr. Latrobe's text unaltered. 



FATHEB, WHOSE EVRBLASTINGt 

IV form Winning "O eternal Weird," No. HE In 
Sc. FenuetecWe CM., lit*, Is st. i., Iv. from 
Letmbe T e version, at. 11.. 111. being taken from the 
Honruut Tendons of " Seelenbriudgajn," by A. Drue 
(rt. Ml.), beginning, "God sod man Indeed," end of at. v, 
of J. A. fteyltnghauaen'a "Wer lit wohl wle do," 
beginning, " Blgheet King and Priest." [J. M.] 

rather, Whose everlasting love. 
Thy only Bon, && C. WeeUu. [Praise 
for Redemption.] Appeared in bis tract 
Hynnt on OodCi Everlatting Love, 1741, in 
17 it of 4 ]., No. i. It was afterwards re- 
printed in the Arndnian Magazine, 1778; y. 430. 
Sometime after J. Wesley's death, bat before 
1609, it i.-tii., viii,, xii., and xrii., were given 
In the Wet. S. Bk., in a slightly altered form. 
The cento is aim found in other collections. 
Orig. text in P. Works, voL iii. p. 8. [J. J.] 

Father, Whose path is in the Sea. 
J. Julian. [Evening at Sea.] Written in 

1874, and lit pub, in the Churchman's Shilling 
Magazine, Oct 1874, in 4 st, of 4 L, and again 
In a few hymnals. 

Faussett, Alessie, nee Bond, daughter 
of the Ber. William Bond, Sector of Bailee, 
county of Down ; b. at Bailee Rectory, Jan. 8, 
1841, and married to the Ber. Henry Faussett, 
Incumbent of Edenderry, county of Tyrone, 

1875. Her poetical works are (1) Thought) on 
Holy Word*, 1867, printed for private circula- 
tion; (2) The Triumph of Faith, 1870; (3) 
The Cairat of Iona, and otter Poem, 1873, 
Her hymns in C. U. include : — 

L Be with u* all f» tremor*. For Divine Protection. 
Written In 186T, and nmtprfnted for private circulation 
In ber nonghtt on Holy Words, 18S7. 

1, O Lamb of Ood, that tak^st away. Lent. Written 

In lSea, and first pub. fn Tad Triumph qf fttith,-l&tv. 

These hymns were given in the Irish Church 
Bymml, 1873. [G. A. 0.] 

Fawcett, John, ».»., was b. Jan. 6, 
Jig, at Lidget Green, near Bradford, Yorks, 
Converted at the age of 16 under tho ministry 
of G. WhiteBeld, be at first joined the Metho- 
dists, but 3 years later united with the Baptist 
Church at Bradford. Having begun to preach 
he was, in 1765, ordained Bap. minister ut 
Wainsgate, near Hebden Bridge, Yorks, In 
1772 he was invited to London, to succeed 
the celebrated Dr. J. Gill, as pastor of Carter's 
Lane ; the invitation bad been formally ac- 
cepted, the farewell sermon at Wainsgate had 
been preached and the waggons loaded with 
his goods for removal, when the love and tears 
of bu attached people prevailed and he de- 
cided to remain. In 1777 a new chapel was 
built for him at Hebden Bridge, and about 
the same time be opened a school at Brearley 
Hall, his place of residence. In 1793 he 
was invited to become President of the Bap- 
tist Academy at Bristol, but declined, in 
1811 he received from America the degree 
of D.D., and died in 1817, at the age of 78. 
Dr. Fawcett was the author of a number of 
prose works on Practical Religion, several of 
which attained a large circulation. His poeti- 
cal publications are : — 

(1) Poetic JKusyt, 1»S? i m The CftrirKoW* JfcwUa 
Plea, a Poem, in emtwer to Dr. Prietttey agoAntt the 
IKrinity tf our Lord Ana Ckritt, 1112 ; (3) Three 
hymn*, la the QotpA Mnoxuine, 1111 : (tl fne Death, of 
Amtnio. a Divine fm, it'Ss (*J Another 



. . m»i (*) . 

suggested by the decease of e friend, I** Beifnof Heath, 
tJiOi and (S)JrjPDHU adapted to the tiratrnttoamt <tf 



FBAELE8S, CALM, AND 373 

PMicWorik,ipandPritattI)eix>tum,Ijivli,G.VfTtght 

h Bob, H8», They are IS* tn number, and were mostly 
composed to be sung after Sermons by the author. 

Whilst not attaining a high degree of excel- 
lence as poetry, they are " eminently spiritual 
and practical," ana a number of them are 
found in all the Baptist and Congregational 
hymn-books that have appeared during the 
last 100 years. The best known of these are, 
"Infinite excellence is Thine"; "How pre- 
cious is the Book divine"; "Thus far my ' 
God hath led me on"; "Beligion is the chief 
concern"; "Blest be the tie that binds"; "I 
myXbenezer raise"; and "Praise to Thee, 
Thou great Creator." These hymns, together 
with others by Fawcett, are annotated under 
their respective first lines. [W. R. S.j 

In addition the following hymns, also by 
Paweett, but of less importance, are in C. U. : 

I. Behold Hie su-stoning Lamb. Patsiontide. No. 
W of his ffinu, usa. In 1 si. at t, 1. tn several 
hymnals In U. Britain and America. 

j. I iay XbaaawF raise. Birthday. Ho. IAS of his 
Bpmnt, m 10 at. of 4 1. Usuellygiven in an abbreviated 
form. 

t. Infinite excellence Is Thtne. Jam the Dctirc of 
XUicmt. Ho. 43 of hts Bvmm, In M at. of 4 1. St 
several hymn-books In G. Britain, uut America In an 
abridged form. 

4. Jesus, the heavenly Lever, gave. Jttdtmftion in 
Chritt. Ho. 10 of Ms Jyniiu, fee, iT8»,inTst. of 41., 
and heeded, "The marriage between Christ and the 
Bool." In Snepp's &mgt of a. A a., ISIS, It reads, 
™ Jesoe. the heavenly Bridegroom, gave," and it. v. ia 
omitted. 

5, Lord, hut Thou nude me know Thy ways 1 Per- 
Keercmce. No, tstj of his Bymni, ex., ittia, In 8 et. of 
41. In the Baptitt Hyl., 19IS, So. HI, at. lv^ril. are 
omitted. 

S. O Ch&t my Eslpsr, ever near. New Tear. No. 
ins of hie HywM. be., Itss, in « et. of 4 1. The New 
Cong., 18&S-es amita at. vl. 

7. 0, my ten), *i*t means thi» ssdneasl Smote 
turned to Jog. No. Ill of hla Symnt, etc., 1TS2, In s 
aLof sl„ and based noon the voids, "Why art Thou 
cast down, Omy toult" Ax. It Is In C. U- in America, 
and usually with tbo omtselon of at. 11. aa in Dr. Sat. 
fleWe Chnrth H. Bk., isrsi. 

B, Binnen, tiie voia of Ood regard. Invitation to 
Bepentanct, Ho. S3 of his nyvmt, tie., 1TS2, inl et.of 
4 1. on Is. lv. 1, u Let the wicked forsake bis way," Ax, 
It Is In Q.TJ. m America, but usually In an abbreviated 
form. 

• Qdd.auord. Btfort& 
ffymnt, Aw., in 4 st. of 4L, endsehoms 
of tiro lines. In Dr. Hatfleld'a Church B. Bk., 1612, 
Ho. ISO. the ohoraj t> omitted. Fawcett has another 
hymn on the aame subject (Ho. Iff) and beginning, 
" Thy Meninp, gradoua Ood, aiford," but this is not m 

10. Thy way, Ood, is in the sea. Imperfect Knoa- 
Udge of ood. Ho. eS In bis Jtymni, fee.. 17S9. in T et. 
of 41. on 1 Oar. xlll. », "We know In part," Ax. Itta 
In several American collectluna, usually abbreristed, 
and sometimes as, " Thy wsy, lard, it In the sea." 
In this form It la in T*e SaVntth B. Bk., IBIS, Aw. 

II, With humble heart and tongue. Prayer fur 
Guidance in route,. Ho. sS In his Bymnt, Ac., usa, 
In I at. of 4 1. on Ps. clli. v. •' wherewith shall a 

'ounir nun cleanse bis way." It Is Ho. HB4 lu the 

' ipt. Pi. <t Hye. t 1SS9-SS. 
About 20 of Fawcett's hymns are thus still 
in C. 17. Two hymns which have been as- 
cribed to him from time to time, but concerning 
which there are some doubts, are fully anno- 
tated under their respective first lines. These 
are, " Humble souls that seek salvation," and 
" Lord, dismiss us with Thy blearing." [J. J.] 

Fearless, calm, and strong In love. 

T. Davit. [Ordination.'] Lord Selborne nays 
in bis notes to the enlarged ed. of his Book of 
Praise, I860, concerning this hymn, " I urn 



». Thynesenoe, 
No 165 fnbls Bym 



yoi 
B»] 



374 FEEBLE IN BODY AND 

indebted for this to the author," and ill the 
body of his book he dates it 1862. It is re- 
peated in W. R. Stevenson's School Hymnal, 
1880, but not in the author's Annus Sanetut, 
1877. It 1b suitable for meetings of lay readers 
and Sunday-school teachers. [J. J.] 

Feeble In body and in mind. C. 
Wesley. [In Perplexity.] Mr. Stevenson, in 
liis Methodist H. Bk. Notts, 1883, has dated 
this hymn 1749, but has omitted all authority 
for the statement It was pub. in Dr. Leif- 
eldld's Original Hymns, 1843, No. 212, in 3 st. 
of i 1. In the Wesley P. Work*, 1866-1872, 
voL xiii. p. 256, it was given in 6 st This is 
repeated in the Wet.H.Sk., I875,innslightly 
altered form. [J. J.] 

Felices nemorum paagimuo tnoolas, 
Jean Baptitte de Bante&U. [Abbots and 
Monk*.] Appeared in the Cluniaa Breviary, 
1686, p. i. ; his Hymni Sacri et Novi, 1689, 
and again in 1698, p. 250, in 7 st. of 4 1. In 
the revised Paris Breviary, 1736, it was ap- 
pointed for " Abbatum, Monechorum, et Ana- 
ohoretarum," at first Vespers (see also Card. 
Newman's Hymni Eeclesiae, 1838 and I863> 
Tbe only tr. m 0. U. is :— 

Sing we thus who dwell ocooealed. By T. I. 
Ball, made for and first pub. in the Appendix 
to the Hymnal If., 1863, No. 363, in 4 st. of 7 1. 

Other tr*. ut ; — 

1. Happy Are they whom God's protecting love. T. 
Williams. Britith Bag*, 1*85, and Bys. tr. front the 
Parisian Bret., 1S3S. 

a. fangweofthose.whomintbeiorestwild. E. Ou- 
tsail, lets, 

3, We sing tbe bint end pore. J. D. Chambers, HWe, 
p. si. [J. J.] 

Felix dies mort&libuB. Jean Baptist* 
de 8emUS.iL [ Attention.] In the Cutniae 
Brev., 1686, p. 497, and his Hymni Sacri et 
Novi, 1689, p. 21, and ed. 1698, p. 104, in 
7 st of 4 L In 1736 it was given in the re- 
vised Pari* Bret, as the hymn for the first 
and second vespers an the octave of the As- 
cension. It is also appointed for the same 
season in the Lyon* ana other modern French 
Breviaries. The text ia in Card. Newman's 
Hymni Jlecle$iae,1838 and 1865; and J. Chand- 
ler's Hyt. of the Prim. Church, 1837. Tr. as : 

1. nippy day lor mortals. By W. J. Blew, 
first printed on flyleaf 1850-1851, and then in- 
cluded in bis Ch. By. 4 Tune Bk., 1852, in 5 st. - 
of 6 1. In 1870 it was given in Rico's Sel. from 
that work, No. 63. 

5. Tex aye stall mortal* bless the day. By C. 
S. Calyerley, made for and first pub. in the 
Hymnary, 1872, No, 317. 

Tr*. not in CD. : — 

1. O 'twas a day, both bright and good. S. {handler, 
lstt. 

s. Blest day when doom'd to die no more. I. Wil- 
liams, Britith Bag. 1834; and his Hyt. tr. /rem Ot 
Parisian Brev,, 183,9. 

3, O day with holy gladness fraught. J. b. Cham- 
ber*, ISt), p. 19s. 

*. nappy day, to mortals dour. it. P. LttdeSdle, 
in Lgrvt Jfatianica, 1804. 

6. Oday so dear to man once lost. J!. Campbell, ft™ 
hla xss. In Shipley's .intuit Soih*bi, 1844. [J. J.J 

Felix dies quam proprio. Abbe Bes- 
nauU. [Circumcision.] Appeared in the re- 
vised Parie Brev., 1736, as the hymn for the 
Feast of the Circumcision at Matins. As 
such it is also repeated in the Lyons and other 
modem French Breviaries, Text in Card. 



FELLOWS, JOHN 

Newman's Hymni Eeclesiae, 1838-65; J, 
Chandler's Bye. of the Prim. Church, 1837, and 
Bigga's Annotated H. A. & iff., 1867. Tr. as :— 

1. happy day, when But was pouted. By J. 
Chandler, in his Hys. of the Primitive Church, 
1837, No. 48, in 6 st. of 4 L In 1852 live 
stanzas were given In the English Hymnal, No. 
54; and subsequently in other collections, in- 
cluding the Salisbury, 1857 ; the People 1 * H., 
1867, end others. The text In the. Hymnary, 
1873, although beginning with the same first 
line, differs materially in many parts. In Ken- 
nedy, 1863, it begins, "O sacreaisj when first 
was poured " ; and In Snepp's Songs of Q. $ Q., 
1872, as, " O blessed day, when first was poured.™ 
This last arrangement was given in Murray's 
Hymnal, 1852, and ff. A. f X., 1861; but in 
each case with slight differences in tbe text. It 
is also found in the Appendix to the H. Noted. 

t. Blest day when from the Saviour flowed. By 
R. Campbell, 1st pub, in his Hys. $ Anthems, &a, 
1850, in 4 st. of 4 1. This is repeated In the Hymnal 
for St. John's, Aberdeen, 1870, and others. 

J. Hast day on which the Saviour shod. By 
R. C. Singleton, written in 1867, and 1st pub. in 
his Anglican H. BK, 1868. 

trs, not in 0, IT, : — 

1. lanpy day, when this onr state. /. Williams, 
isss. 

2. happy day of all tbe year. W. /. Blew, 1803. 

3. bappy day, with Joy arrayed. J. D. Chambers, 
1367, 1. 101. [J, J.] 

Felix morte tufi, qui omcia-tibus. 
Jean Baptists de Banteuil [One Martyr.] 
Appeared in the Chtniae Breviary, 1686, 
p. xiii., and in his Hymni Sacri et Novi, 1689 
(ed. 1698, p. 243). It was included in the 
Paris Brev., 1736, and is also in Card. New- 
man's Hymni Eeclesiae, 1838 and 1865. Tr. 
as: — 

Bow happy the mortal. By I. Williams, in his 
Hys. Tr. from the Parisian Breviary, 1839, p. 
283, in 9 at. of 4 1. This is repeated with the 
omission of st. ii. in the H. Bk. for the Use of 
Wellington College, I8G3. 

Another tr. is i — 

happy la thy death. J. D. Ckamberi, 1968, p. is. 

[J. J.] 

Fellows, John. Date of b, unknown; 
d.1785. Be was the author of the following: — 

(1) ffrnce Triumphant, a Sacred Poem in situ 
boatt, 1110 ; (S) Brvmsgrove Elegy, in blank verte, on 
the Death of Bet. a. WhiteJIeld, lltli (3) An Elegy m 
the Deathaf Dr. GUI, nil; (*} Bmme mBetietert' 
Baptism, Birmingham, UTS; (Bj IV Apottlt Paul's 
Defence before Bitfto, in verse. Ills ; fe) Mymnt in a 
great variety «f Metrtt, on the Perfectim of the Wont 
of God and the Gotpel tf Jttut CftWrt, lilt ; (1) The 
Hlttory of the Eoly Bible, attempted in easy verte, 4 
vols., HIT J (B) Six Inetructive Viem of Believers' 
Baptism, a tract pub. both separately and as an Intro- 
duction to tbe and edltion;of bis " Hymns on Believers' 
Baptism" 1TTT; (8) A ftiir and Impartial Enquiry 
into the Bite, *e., qf the Chwreh qf Borne, 1TT9 j and 
also (IS) " A ProtetUmt Catechism." 

Considering how numerous were the writings 
of J. Fellows, it is remarkable bow litUeis 
known of him. It is stated by Dr. Joseph 
Belcher, in Historical Sketches of Hymns 
(Philadelphia, 1859), that he was a poor 
shoemaker, a member of the Baptist denomi- 
nation, and that he lived in Birmingham. The 
evidence for this is tolerably clear. 



That Fellows was a Baptist and not a Methodist, as 
tfatt & AllitHnne say. Iscfesrfrom Ills baptismal hymnp. 
That be lived in or near Riraingliam la likely from tbe 



FENEBEBG, JOHANN M. 

last that Hunt of hie bonis date from Birmingham, and 
in uld to be printed for the author, though sold by O, 
Keith, Orscecburcb Street, London. Also, to the tod 
ed. or his Eymnt an Betieeere' Atptina. (1777) Is pre- 
flxed s note of commendation, signed by eight Baptist 
ministers, who spy they us personally acquainted 
with tbe author j and the first three names are those of 
the Baptist ministers M Birmingham, Coventry and 
Bromsgrove. From the records of the Baptist church 
formerly tn Gannon Street, Birmingham, it appears that 
a John Fellows Joined It early in Hsu. and continued a 
member till his death on July 3D, Us*. But one of J. 
Fellowrt earner pieces is entitled a Bronttgroee Klegy. 
Combining these facta we Infer that Fellows flret lived 
at rlrornegrove, and tben, removing to Birmingham. 
Joined the eburch In Cannon Street, 

His hymns cm Baptism ore 55 in number. 
6areinHippon'sSeZ., 1787. Some of Mb hymn* 
ore in nil Baptist hymn-books, from Rippm 
to modern collections. These include the dis- 
puted "Humble souls who seek salvation"; 
the hymn on behalf of children, " Great God, 
now condescend"; and others, all of which 
are annotated nnder their res[>ective first lines. 
In addition the following are in limited use ; — 

1. Bear Lard, and -will Mry pardoning lore Em- 
brace, *c. Adult Boptitm. No. as of his Byt. on 
BtUeierf Boptim, 1T7S, in 7 st. of 4 1., and headed 
" The Believer constrained by the lore of Christ to fol- 
low Him In His Ordinance." In Rippon's Set., mi, it 
was reduced to 4 stanzas : and in the Bapt* Hymrml, 
181s, to 6, st. vi. being omitted. It is also sometimes 
given s£ " Lord, and will Thy pardoning love, tc." 

S. Desaend, Celestial Sots, Invocation o/ Me 
B. Spirit at Boly Baptim. No. Si of his Byt. on Be- 
Heeer? Baptitm, 1TTS, to « st. of SI. In Rippon's Set,, 
1187, tbese were re-arranged In 4 stanzas, and again in 
the American Bapt, By. * TuneBk., 1B7L, to 8 stamas. 

>, Go, teach the nations and bapto*. Bety Baptim. 
Ho. 464, In Elppon's SO., 1TB), in 3 St. of 3 1, It Is 
given In a few American collections. 

4, Great God, wain Thy courts appear, Boly Bap- 
tim. No. 43 in bis Xyt. on fietiemri' Baptism, 1113, 
and Rippon's «!., 17B7, No. 452, in S st of 4 i. It 
sometimes begins with st. iii., " In Thy assembly here 



t, Jesus, ffifhtyKbif of [in] Son, BblyBap- 
Kim ; Chritt the Guide. No. as of his ifys. on Be- 
liever? Baptiim, 1773, In 6 St. of 4 1. and headed, "Be- 
lievers burled with Christ in Baptism." Jttppon, 1)87, 
reduced it to 3 stanzss, and tbese have been repeated In 
later collections as the American Bapt. By. A Tune Bk., 
mi, *». [W. B. S.] 

Fenebeig, Johajm Michael, was b. 
Feb. 9, 1751, at Oberdorf, AllgSu, Bavaria. 
He was for some time tutor in St Paul's Col- 
lege, at Begensburg, and in 1785 wasappointed 
professor in the Gymnasium at XHUingen. In 
1793 ho became parish priest of Seeg, in All- 
gSu, where he had as assistants Christoph 
Bchuid, Martin Boos and Johannes Gossner; 
but in 1805, on account of his Evangelical 
teaching, was removed to Vohringen, near TJlm, 
where he d. Oct. 12, 1812. The only hymn 
by him (r. into English is :— 

Liehe und ein Xreus dazu, rcyars and OmtoJa- 
tton.) Of the origin of this beautiful bymn Koch, vl. 
tot, relates that it was "written at Seeg In MM, as be. In 
the experience of the blesslnge of the cross alter the 
amputation of bis right foot, rendered necessary by an 
unfortunate fall on Oct. II, 1793, bad once more, on 
Easter Sunday [1794], renewed In body and soul, been 
able to ascend the pulpit as 'a wooden-legged man. 1 " 
It appeared In the itamBJimc erbauKcHtr Litter mm 
Otorauehe in cariirifcAm Bautern, Kempten, 1811 (etl. 
1817, No. 103), in B st. of 4 1. It is tr. ss, "Love and • 
cross together blest," hy Mies Borthwlck In B. L. I*., 
ISM, p. 38; 1884, p. 205. [J. J1.J 

Ferguson, Fergus, d.d., second b. of 
the Bev. Fergus Ferguson, of Bellshill, near 
Glasgow, and afterwards of Aberdeen, was b. 
at Glasgow, September 6, 1824, and educated 
at the University of Glasgow, where he gra- 



FESTTVA SAEOL1S OOLITUB 375 

duated b.a. 1815 and m.a. 1858. In 1815 he 
became minister of Blackfriars Street E. U. 
Ohnrch, Glasgow (now Montrose St.). He 
received the degree of n.». in 1876, from Cum- 
berland University, U.S. His two hymns 
appeared in The Daytlar, the magazine of the 
Evangelical Union, and were contributed to 
the E. U. Hymn-book of 1856, and the K U. 
Hymnal of 1S78, he having been a member of 
both committees of compilation. They are: — 

1, Beloved me, and r»e Himself fcr m*. Thelme 
ofJaia. Appeared in The Sautter, IBM, and repeated 
in the B. V. B. Bk., IBM, and the B. U. Hymnal, 1878. 

V. How sweet to the believer's souL Private Praytr, 
Given in the Dauttar, IBM, and again In the B. V. H, 
£fc.,is«,andtne£. V,Bya\nal, lilt. [J. M.] 

Fetrar, Nicholas, s. of Nicholas Ferrar, 
a merchant in Loudon, was b. in the parish of 
St. Mary Stayning, Mark Lane, London, Feb. 
23, 1592, and educated at Clare Hall, Cam- 
bridge, graduating b.a. 1610, and m.a. 1612. 
From 1612 to 1618 he travelled on the conti- 
nent, and visited some of the chief cities of 
Italy, Germany, and Spain. On his return, 
he became an h.p. in 1624. The same year ho 
retired from public life and purchased tile 
lordship of Little Gidding, Huntingdonshire. 
After putting the mansion in repair, and re- 
storing the church, he took np his abode there 
with his relatives to the number of 40 persons. 
He was ordained Deacon, but would not pro- 
ceed further. The mansion at Gidding was 
distributed into apartments, oratories, and 
soliool rooms, and a round of devotion was 
maintained both day and night. He d. Deo. 
1, 1697. His devotional pieces were written 
for the use of the Gidding community, and 
specimens have appeared in the Bev. J. B. B 
Mayor's ed. of the Live* of Ferrar. He also 
translated Divine Consideratiimt of those things 
most profitabk in our Christian profettion, 
from the Spanish of Juan Valdes. His 
Memoirs, by Dr. P. Peckard of Cambridge, 
were pnb. in 1790. This is the Nicholas 
Ferrar introduced by Mr, Shorthouse in his 
romance of John Jnglemtit (oh. iv.). His 
description of the Protestant Nunnery at 
Little Gidding is one of the most exquisite 
chapters in that work. Fermr was the friend 
and executor of the saintly George Herbert 
[Engltib Hymnody, Early, § vil] [J. J.j 

Festlva saeelis oolitur. [All Saints.} 
This hymn is found in the three following 
forms:— 

L Festiva aaeslli oelltnr. This form in 7 st, 
of 4 L is contained in three mss. of the 11th 
cent in the British Museum ("Vesp, D. xii. 
f. 935.; Julius A. vi. f, 58 6.; ttul 2»61, f. 
213 b.); and in tbe Lai. Byt. of the Anglo- 
Saxon Ch. (Snrtees Society), 1851, p. 117, in 
printed from an 11th cent. MB., at Durham 
(B. iii. 32, f. 31(0, as a hymn at Vespers ou All 
Saints' Day. This form of the text has not 
been translated. 

11, Jmu, Balvator saeoaU Sedempti* op* ■ubveni. 
This form in 6 st. (yix. omitting st. i. f ii. of 
the first form, is found in two hss. of the 11th 
cent, in the Brit. Mns., (1) a Mosarabic Brev. 
(Add. 80^48, f. 207), and (2) a MozaraUo 
Bymnarium (Add. 30,851, f. 1646), and iu tai 
11th cent. us. in the Bodleian (Liturg, Misc. 
320, f.G2). It isalsointne Mo£arabia(Toloda, 
1502); Roman (Venice, 1478); Sarum, and 



376 



FESTUM MATB18 



various German Breviaries ; and is also given 
by TftomoWm, ii. p. 397 ; Darnel, i., No. 396 ; 
Waehsrnagd, i., Ho, 181. IV. as :— 

1. Jssn, Barionr of tin earth. By R. F. 
Llttledsle. Pub. in the People's JK, 1897, and 
signed "A. LP." 

S. Jem, Who oam'st th* world to un. Ap- 
peared in the Jn^pAotMr ^ GrmV, 1880, and the 
Bymner, 1882. 

iii Salnti* seteraas date*. This ia a recast of 
No. ii., which was made foi and appealed in 
the revised Soman Breviary,lS§2, and repeated 
in later editions. It is also in Daniel, 1., No, 
896. Tr. as:— 

I. Jesas, Bonne of Murtity. By Bp. E. 
Mant, in his Ancient JSjw., &&, 1837, p. 78, ia 
7 st. of 4 1. (ed. 1871, p. 137). This is in 
several collections, including the Cooke and 
Denton Hymnal, 1853, No, 164, where it begin), 
" Jean, our redeeming Lord," and is appointed 
for St. Andrew's Day. This recast, to adapt it for 
St. Andrew's Day, was made by Canon W. Cooke. 

B. «iver of life, eternal Lord. By E. Caswall. 
Appeared in his Lyra Gatholica, 1849, p. 193, in 
6 sL of 4 1. ; and again in his Hys. & Poena, 
1873, p. 104. [J. M.] 

Festum m&tris glorloaae. [Visitation 
of the B. V. M.] This hymn for the Fenst of 
the Visitation B. V. M. ia given for that Fes- 
tival in the Sarum Brev., Venice, 1495, Estiva 
pt. ii., to]. 130, and dates probably from the 
15th cent. The full text is given in Daniel, i. 
436, and a few readings are added in iv. 
p, 276 from the Aberdeen Brev. Tho tost 
ia also in Card. Newman's Hymni Eeclesiae, 
1838 and 1865. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C, U. : — 

1. Saints, th* florious Bother (retting. By J. 
D. Chambers, in his Lauda St/on, Pt. it., 186 IS, 
p. 83, in 6 st. of 6 1, In 1867 it was repeated 
in the People's H., No. 261. 

1. Vow th* riorums Bother's feast-day. Given 
in the Antiphoaer $ Grail, 1380, and repeated in 
the Hymner, 1882. [J, J.] 

Fever and fret, and aimless stir. F. 
W. Faber. [Detpondency.] Pub. in the 1852 
ed. of his Jesus and Diary, Ace, No. 63, in 
13 at of 4 L, and headed " Low Spirits. '* It 
was repeated in his Hymni, 1862. In Mar- 
tinaau's Symius, Ac, 1873, st iv., vi., viii., xi. 
and vli., are given as " Voices are round me ; 
■miles are near." Tbia arrangement forms a 
beautiful hymn for private use. [J. J.] 

Few are thy days and fuU of woe. 
M. Brace, [The Resurrection.] From evidence 
elsewhere produced £see Braoe, K.I we believe 
the original of this hymn to have been written 
by M. Bruce about 1761 ; that the same was 
handed by Brace's father to John Logan a 
short time after Brace's death (in 1767), and 
that it was published by J. Logan in his 
Poems, 1781, p. 95, No. 2, as his own. The 
nearest upproach to the original text now 
attainable is given In Dr. Mackelvie's ed. of 
Brace's WorkswOk Life, 1837,pp. 254-57; and 
Dr. Groaart's Work* of M. Bruce, 1865, pp. 127- 
130. In the same year that Logan's Poems were 
published, the new and revised edition of the 
Scottish Translations and Paraphrases waa 
issued, and therein, as No. viii., was given a 
paraphrase of Job xiv. 1-15, in which six of 
the fourteen stanzas are almost entirely from 



FINIf A JAM SUN* 

this hymn, and the remaining eight are but 
the amplification of the thoughts which are 
found in the remaining stanzas of the original. 
This version, which has been in use in the 
Church of Scotland for more than 100 years, 
should therefore be designated " Michael Bruce 
altered by John Logan." 

In addition to abbreviation* of the text 
which begin with st i., the following centos 
are in C. V. : — 

I. All ntore <Hm and Una ■foil. This cento In 
Dsbney's Pi. d By:, leal, tod later editions snd other 
collections, ia composed of st. vl.-viii., xii.4lv. 

S. The nighty load timt tcHs. Composed of it. 
x.-iv. «Uered to s.h. in the American Pnyer Book Pi. 
* Sv Ls la3 *j ""* loter editions, and others. 

1, lit winter part, lertnns; Sower*. Composed 
of st. vlll., tx, eltend, with three addlitonel stanzas 
from another source. This ts No. SOS in the Amertosn 
German Reformed Pt, 4 Byt., 183*, snd lster editions. 

[J. J.l 

Fierce passions discompose the 
mind. J. Newton. [Contentment,] Pub. in 
tlie Olney Hymns, 1779, Book i., No. 131, in 
8 st. of 4 1., and based upon Philippiane iv. 11. 
It is given in a limited number of collections, 
including Lord Selbome's Book of Praise, 
1862-7, where it is attributed to "W.Cowper" 
in error. It does not bear Cowper's signature!, 
" C." in the Olney Hymn*. [J. J.] 

Fierce raged the tempest o'er the 
deep. G. Wiring. [Slitting the Sea,'] Writ- 
ten in 1861, and 1st pub. in Chope's Hymnal, 
1862, No. 167, in 4 st of 41. It was repeated 
in the author's ifye. Congregational and 
others, 1866, No. 6; in his Bye. & Lyrics, 

1874, p. 94, and in bis OolL, 1882. It has 
passed into numerous collections in Q. Britain 
and America, and ranks as one of the most 

ipular of Prebendary Taring's hymns. It 
as been specially set to music by Dr. Dykes, 
in Chope's Hymnal, and by others. [J. J.J 

Fierce [raged] was the storm of 
wind. H. W. Beadon. [Stilling the Sea.] 
Contributed to the Parish H. Bk., in 1863, 
No. 24, and continued in the enlarged ed., 

1875, No. 24, in 7 si of 4 1. When included 
in the Banm Hymnal, 1868, No. 74, it was 
attributed to the late W. Beadon Heathcote 
in error. This waa corrected in the Hymnary, 
1870-2 (where the hymn is given with slight 
alterations as, " Fierce raged the storm of 
wind "), and in the Notes to Church Hymns, foL 
ed., 1881. In the latter the original text is 
given, with the exception of the doxology. 
The hymn is based on the Gospel for the 3rd 
Sunday after the Epiphany. [J. J.] 

Fight the good fight; lay hold. J. 
Montgomery. [The Fight of Faith.'] Written 
Feb. 14, 1834 (x. wss.>, and given in Fer- 
guson's Set. of Hys. for British Seamen, 1838 ; 
and in the same fear, with alterations, in 
Joshua Fawoett's Temple Offerings. It was 
also included in Montgomery's Original Hys., 
1853, No. 158, in 5 st. of 6 1., and headed, 
" Valiant for the Truth." It is in several 
collections in G. Britain and America, but 
usually in an abbreviated form. [J. J.] 

Finita jam aunt praaha. [Easter.'] 
This hymn ia of unknown date and author- 
ship. Daniel, ii. p. 363, gives it without note 
or reference of any kind, and the source from 
whence he obtained the text is unknown. 
It has not been traced earlier than the Hymncr 



pop 
has 



PlNDLATfcB, SARAH 

it* Otero, Maxtor, 175^ p. 90. Br. Neale 
repeats DanieVt text in his Hynni SceUtiae, 
1BS1, p. 147 ; and in his Mediaeval Hymns, 
1851, p. 116, he groups it with 6 other* as 
being "apparently of the twelfth century." 
The fint stanza is : — 

"Alleluia! Alleluia J 
Finite jun mm pnelle j 
Eat partajsm victoria i 
Gaudesmuseteuimus: Alleluia!" 

It extends to 5 st, each of which begins and 
ends with " Alleluia." The text is also in 
Biggs'i Annotated S. A. & M., 1867. Tr.as: 

1. Halshed is the battle sow. By J. M. ITeale, 
in hi» JfrdHWW J ifyflitu, 1851, In the Bymnary, 
1872, No. 182, the opening lines are transposed, 
and several alterations are mode in the teiL It 
begin*, "The crown is on the victor's brow." 
In the People t H., 1867, and a few others, the 
text is unaltered. This was the first rendering 
of the hymn into English. 

i. The strife is e'er, the battle dene. By F. Pott. 
Hade about 1859, and 1st pub. in his Hyt. fitted 
to Ms Order of Com. Prayer, 1861, No. 91. In 
the same year it was given with extensive altera- 
tions in B, A. # M., No. 114. This altered text 
has failed to commend Itself to Inter compilers 
both in G. Britain and America, snd the original 
tr. ii given in most of the numerous hymnals 
which have adopted the hymn, in both countries. 
In the revised id. of H. A. it M. the text is again 
altered, and st. it. is omitted. 

S. Bo mere of strife, no nun of vain. Anony- 
mous in the Parish H. Bk., 1B6S, No. 56, and 
again in the Barwn Hymnal, 1868, 

^^"f^ nt^*** not in 0, w, j — . 

1. Alleluia, Alleluis, f« the Uttie now is o'er. /. W. 
BtVKlt, 1SS9. 

9. The battle now Is done. B. Bautr, IBST. [J. J,] 

Findlater, Sarah. [See Betthwiek, Jane.] 

Finx, XraBtauB, was b. at Lttbeck, Nov. 
19, 1627. After studying law at various uni- 
versitieti and acting for some time as travelling 
tutor, he settled, at Numberg as writer and 
corrector for the press, remaining there till his 
death, Deo. (Oct?) 20, 1694. Under the 
name of Francisci (from his father's Christian 
name of Francis) he published a large number 
of historical and religious works. Of his some 
BOO hymns, which mostly appeared interspersed 
in his devotional works, two have passed into 
English:— 

i. TSjttt flee Avht. [ckrittian Warfort.] Tn 
his Jtuluxbtitden, pt. UL p. 10OT, Lelpsig, I9S0, tn 11 
st. Tr. u>, "laid, wetch each hour," u No. «8» In 
pt. t. of the J&ntvta* B. Bk., 116*. 

if. wle 1st der Wee so sehmsL [TKt Jfarnna 
HJW.l In his flWd-Josuaw, pt. 11. p. 303, Humbeig, 
IMS, In 8 Jt. Tr. as. "0 how narrow ts the way," by 
Mitt Warner, IBM {ed. 1MI, p. *»]. [J. M.] 

Finn was 107 health, my day was 
bright. J. Wo«s. {Pt. swat.] Appeared in 
his Psalms of David, 1716, in 6 st. of 4 L, as 
a paraphrase of a iporlion of the 30th Psalm. 
In the Anglican B. Bk\, 1868, it is altered to 
" My health trots firm, my day was bright" 
Its use in either farm is not extensive. [J. J.] 

Fiaoher, Albert Friedrieh Wilhelm, 
tu>., was b. April 18, 1829, at Ziee&r, Branden- 
burg, and studied at the University of Halle. 
Since 1877 he has boon chief pastor and 
superintendent at Gross-Ottereleben 
Magdeburg. 



FLAT/MAN, THOMAS 



377 



Be claims notice hare as author of the JKnsfcj*- 
litder-laiam, pnb. at Gotna, In 1 vols., 1STS-ISM. 
Arranged somewhat on the plan of the present Hie- 
tit/tuny tf BymwXogy, it contains notes on some MM 
Oermsn hymns (together with notes on a few Greek and 
Latin hymns, which are the originals of some of the 
German texts); the plan nf selection bring to annotate 
hymns found in the best hymn-books that have been In 
use In the Prussian province of Ssxony from the Be- 
formation to the present tune. It is the lint work in 
Qermsn that has attempted, on any Urge scsle, to give 
orltlosl detailed notes on Individual hymns, end may be 
pronounced Indispensable to the student of German 
Hrmnolcgy. Where™ the data given In this Die~ 
Konory may be found to tfftaU is as the result of later 
tovest&ations. 

Dr. Elscber was also the founder rywS), and it at 
present Joint-editor of the BUtUerfitr BfnouAogic (now 
appearing monthly at AtteubUK. and frequently re- 
ferred to In these PMet), the first Gaman msgealne 
devoted entirely to Hymnology, 

In recognition of his services to SymnoUny 
the degree of s.s, was conferred on nimby the 
University of Jena in 1884. [J, M.] 

Fischer, Christoph. rriseliez, o.] 

Fitch, SHeasar Thompson, d.d. Born 
at New Haven, Jan. 1, 1791, and graduated at 
Yale College, 1810. In 1817 he was appointed 
Professor of Divinity in Yale, and retained 
the Professorship to 1868. DiedJan.31,1871. 
His published works include Sermont, Ac 
With Dr. Bacon and others he compiled the 
Connecticut Congregational Ptafau & Hymns, 
1845, and contributed to it 3 psalm versions 
and 3 hymns Of these the following are in 
use : (1) « Lord, at this closing hour." (CZose 
of Divine Service.) This is extensively used 
in America, and is also found in the English 
Presb. Pt. & Hyt., 1867. (2) "The God of 
Peace, Who from the dead." (Close of Divine 
Service.) (8) "By vows of love together 
bound." (Holy Matrimony.) [P. M. B.] 

Fixed firmly Hie [Ood'a] founda- 
ttons keep. B. Mont, Bp. [Pt. fcrawt.] 
Appeared in his Book of Ptalmt trt an English 
Metrical Vcrtion, 4c, 1824, pp. 296-298, in 
7 st of 4 1., as a lot. paraphrase of Ps, 
lxxxvii. In 1863, st. i., ii., v. and vii., slightly 
altered as: "Fixed firmly God't fonndations 
keep," were given in Kennedy, No. 904, £J.J.j 

Flagrons amoxe, perditos. [Leutarut, 
Mary and Martha vitited by Chrut,'] This 
hymn is appointed for use at 1st Vespers on 
the Feast of St. Lazarus, dec, in the revised 
Ports Brev., 1736 ; and also in the Lyons and 
other modem French Brevs. It previously 
appeared in the Clamac Brev., 1686, p. 1068. 
Ftul text in Card, Newman's Symni EeoUtiae, 
1888-186S. It has been tr. as :— 

As Jeaua sought His wandering sheep. By I. 
Williams. 1st pub. in the Britieh Magazine, 
May, 1836 (vol. ii. p. 504); and again in his 
Byt.tr. from the Parisian Brev., 1839, p. 241, in 
5 st. of 4 L In 1841 it was given in the ChVd't 
Christian Tear, snd later in a few collections in 
Q. Britain and America. [J. J.] 

Flatman, Thomas, poet and miniature 
painter, was b. In London, cir. 1683, and d. 
cir. 1688. He was a barrister of the Inner 
Templ^ but gave most of his time to poetry 
and painting. He was the author of some 
Pindaric Odes on the deaths of Prince Rupert, 
and of Charles II. ; and of a prose satire on 
Richard Cromwell. His Poem* & Bongs were 
pub. in 1674 (3rd ed. 1682), and from this 



378 



FLEET, JOHN O. 



volume the following hymns have been trans- 
ferred to Dr. Martineau's Hymns, 1810, and 
his Hwnfw of Proiw and Prayer, 1873:— 
" Awake, my soul, awake, mine eyes " (Morn- 
ing): "Sweet slumbers, come and chase 
*way" (Earning). The similarity of these 
hymns to the Morning and Evening hymns 
of Bp. Ken suggests the possibility that they 
may have inspired the latter. Flatman's 
"Thoughts on Death" also contains the germ 
of Pope's " "Vital Spark," &c, q.v. [J. J.] 

Fleet, John George, was b. in London 
on the 8th of July, 1818. At 15 years of age 
ho was removed from school to his father's 
oouuting-house, and at 17 ho had to under- 
take, through his father's deatli, the sole con- 
trol of the business, and from that time he 
followed commercial pursuits. At an early 
age he joined as teacher in a small Sunday 
School which liia sister had begun in Lime 
Street, London. His interest in Sunday 
Schools which was thus awakened led him, 
with some young fellow-teachers, to found 
the Church Sunday School Institute in 1843. 
Of that Institute he was honorary Secretary 
for 20 years : and for 15 years be was Editor 
of the Church Sunday School Quarterly. To 
the hymn-book pub. by the Institute, The 
Chunk Sunday School Kwmn Booh, 1848, ho 
contributed Ihe following hymns by which he 
is known to kymnology : — 

1. How faint sad feeble la the praise: Angds' Wor- 
this. 

S. Let children to (bolt God drair near. CM34*en,'i 
TTtn'tkut. 

3. Lord, our God, Thy wondrons might. Collect 
M\ 3. after Trinity. 

4. Source of life, and light, and lore. A TeacKer't 
Prayer. 

5. What mercies, Lord, Thou hast la Sore. Collect 
for tlth 8. after Trinity. 

n. Words are things of little coat Sim of the tongue. 

In addition to these hymns, Mr. Fleet con- 
tributed several to The Church 8. 8. Quarterly 
in 1852-3^8, and 1861, and has pub. a email 
voL of poems and hymns entitled Lax in Tene- 
fcm, 1878. [J. J.] 

Fleming, Abraham, was a classical 
scholar, translator, and miscellaneous writer 
of the 16th cent., the dates of whose birth 
and death are unknown. He was for some 
time Sector of St. Pancras. He edited many 
of the classics with notes, and published also 
some original works. Amongst the latter 
there are : — 

AMemiriaXof GieCharitableMncs Dee&et of William 
Lanbe, gentleman of the Chapel Kayal under Senry 
Yin., and citittn of X/ondtm. svo, isso. The Diamdnt 
of Iteration, 12mo, 158S ; and The Cbn&yt of Cbnfort, 
A hymn of bis which appeared in The Diamtmt of Devo- 
tion, 1566, was republished by E, Farr, in Select Poetry, 
chiefly Devotional, of the Reign of Queen £lixabetk r 
1841, p. MS (Parker Society). [Xngliah Hymnody, 
Barly, $ vii.] [J, J.] 

Flamming, Paul, s. of Abraliam Flem- 
ming or Fleming, then sehocirnaster at Har- 
tenstein, near Zwickau, Saxony (afterwards 

rtor of Weohselburg, near Mittweida), was 
at Hartonstein, Oct A, 1609. He entered 
the St Thomas School, Leipzig, in 1623, and 
matriculated at the University of Leipzig at 
Michaelmas, 1626, At the University ho de- 
voted himself to the study of medicine and of 
poetry, being laureated as a poet in 1631, and 
graduating m.a. in 1632. In order to find re- 
fuge from the troubles of the Thirty Years' War 



PLEMM1NG, PAUL 

he went to Holstein iu 1633. In the same 
year he joined an embassy which Duke Tried- 
rich of Sohleswig-Holstein was about to send 
to his brother-in-law, the Russian Czar, as 
gentleman in waiting and "taster." In this 
expedition he was engaged from Oct 22, 1633, 
to April 6, 1635. He then took part in the 
embassy sent by the Duke to the Shah of Persia, 
with the object of opening up the way for trade 
and Christianity into Central Asia. They set 
sail from Travemunde, near Lubeek, Oct 27, 
1635, and returned to Oottorf, Aug. 1, 1639. 
The expedition proved fruitless, and the many 
dangers and great hardships encountered broke 
FIemming*B health. To qualify himself for 
medical practice in Hamburg he went to the 
University of Leyden, where he graduated 
m.d. in 1640; but shortly after his return to 
Hamburg he d. there, March 25 (April 2), 1640 
(Koch, hi. 73-82; Alia. DevUcke Biog., yii. 
115-117). 

Flemming was of an energetic temperament, with an 
ardent patriotism, and a deep love for the Evangelical 
Cause. *He was a gifted poet, of trne and deep feeling, 
wbo could -write charming descriptions of the beauties of 
nature, and sweet and tender love songs. His secular 
poems, bovever, as a whole have the faults of the 
t&eslan school of Martin Opits ; and It la by bis hymns, 
and especially by his classical " In alien rnetnenTbaten," 
tbat his name lives. 



His poems were first collected by the father 
of his Detrothed as D. P. Fleming'* Tevtsche 
Poemala, and appeared in 1642 in two editions 
nearly alike, one at NaumbuTg and Jena, the 
other at Lubeek. The most complete ed. is 
that by J. M. Lappenberg, 2 vols., Stuttgart, 
1865-66. Of his 41 religious poems (12 hymns, 
9 odes, 20 sonnets) three have passed into 
English. 

i. In allefi meuien Thaten, Trust in God. 
This beautiful hymn was written in Nov., 1633, 
just before he started with the embassy to 
Moscow (see above); and may often have cheered 
hfs own sinking spirit then and in the more 
trying adventures of the second embassy. It 1st 
appeared in his Teatache Poemata, 1642 (Lubeek 
ed. p. 287 ; Lappenberg's ed., i. p. 236), as 
No, 4 in Book i. of the Odes, in 15 st. of 1. 
It was included in the Stralmtnd G. B. f 1665, 
Freylinghausen's O. B,, 1704, and almost ail 
recent collections. Sometimes, as in the Unv. 
L, 3., 1851, No. 646, it is given in fuij, but more 
frequently the special stanzas appropriate for 
travellers (vi.-ix., xiii., xiv.) tire omitted. It is 
characterised in Koch, viiL 379, as a " pilgrim 
song suited for the Christian journey which we 
must all in faith make through joy and eorrow 
to our Eternal Home." Laaxmann adds that it 
has often been used appropriately at weddings, 
was the favourite hymn of Friedrich Wilhehn 
HI. of Prussia, and was sung at the service in the 
Cathedral of Berlin, July 19, 1870, on th« open- 
ing of the North German Diet immediately 
before the Franco-Prussian War. Tr. as : — 

I leave to Hia good pleasure, a tr. of st. i., it., 
iv., by A. T. Russell, as No. 232 in his P&. $ 
Hijs., 1851. 

Other tw. are i (1) "Inall my plans, Thou Highest," 
by Dr. H. Malt, 186S, p. isr, (I) " Where'er I go, 



whatever my task," by Mitt Winkworth, 1B68, p. 10s. 
repeated InL.Behfueee's Ch.atSea, 1S68, p. ». (3) " 



In 



every deed and word," in Madame de Pontes's Posit cfi 
Poetry of Germany, lass, vol, i. p. *16, 

His hymns not in English C. U, are : — 

ii. let's moglioh.daaaderHaaaanohhanngeliebet 



FLETCHEB, PHINEAS 

Mis. Ifo io» tf Cod. In the Lfibecfc edition, 1641, 
p. (Si (ZcgtKnoerp'* ed., 1. p. 450.1, as No. 10 la Bk. t, 
of the Sonnet*. Tr. u, "Cut It then tie ttatt bate 
should e'er be loved," by JSti Mntmrt), IBM, p. lit. 

til. Lilt dtah but ffiohts nieht ttuMn. o»u 
(Mil OmttCatton. Fiabtbly written In Penis during the 
second emtwsy. In the Uttnek edition, 1*4SL p. M3 
ftapBtOB^'f ed,, 1. p. 3M), u No. 1 In Bk. 1. at itie 
Od«, in 3 it. of 61. Theft*, lie :(lV'Onlyletnottiliig 
grieve thee," by Ma&mt at Fonla, 1S5S, v. 1. ». MS. 
ft) "Let nothing nuke thee sad or Iretful," by Jfiti 
tFlnttwrt*, 18SS, p. 1)6. [J, ]{,] 

Pletdhar, Pktneas, -a, of Dr. Giles 
Fletcher and cousin of John Fletcher, the 
dramatic poet, b. 1582, and educated at Eton 
and King's College, Cambridge. In 1621 he 
took Holy Orders, ami having obtained the 
living of Helgfiy, Norfolk, he retained the 
same nearly 29 years. He d. at Helgay, 1650. 
His best known poem it, The Purple Island, 
1633, an allegorical description of man, in the 
style of Spenser. This was reprinted in 1783. 
His Loeutte* or ApoUyonUtt, & satire against 
the Jesuits, suggested to Milton some ideas 
for his Paradise Lost. His 6 psalms, 1st pub. 
in his Purple Island, 1683, wore reprinted by 
Dr. Grosart in bis reprint of Fletcher's Poetical 
Works. [IngUfli Hymnoey, Early, § VII.] [J. J.] 

Fletcher, Samuel, b. at Compton, near 
Wolverhampton, in 1785, and educated at 
the Wolveriiampton Grammar School. In 

1805 he went to Manchester, and entering 
into business, he gradually rose to a position 
of wealth and influence. He d at Manchester, 
Oct 13, 1863. Although engaged in extensive 
mercantile pmsuits he took an active interest 
in literature, and was one of the chief pro- 
motors of Owens College, Manchester. His 
hymns appeared in a small collection which 
ho prepared during an illness, for use in his 
own family, and subsequently pub. as Family 
Praise, 1850. From this collection the fin- 
lowing hymns have come into C. V. :— 

1, Father of light Midlife, ftomily Wtorskip, Morning. 
3. Lord, as t family vt men. ftmily Worship. 

These hymns were given in the New Cong., 
1859. Miller's note on Mr. Fletoher (Singer* 
and Songs, &c.\ and an article in Good Words, 
July, 1864, are well written and full of infor- 
mation. [J. J,] 

Flint, James, d.d., b. at Beading, Mass., 
177ft, and graduated at Harvard, 1802. In 

1806 he became pastor of a Unitarian Church 
at East Brfdgewater, Mass., from which he 
passed to East Church, Salem, 1821. Died in 
1855. In 1820 he contributed one hymn to 
BeaeWs Ifem York Coll., and in 1843 he also 
pnb. A Collection of Hymns, to which he con- 
tributed from 10 to 12 originals. His best 
known hymns are : — 

1. Bar* to the High and Holy One. This hymn, 
"On leaving on Ancient Church," appeared in 
the Cambridge Selection of 1828, 

1. In pleaeaat bad* have fallen the lines, St- 
membrance of oar Ihthers. Written for the bi- 
centenary of Quincy, Mass., May 25, 1840, and 
pub. in his Coll., 1843. 

S. Happy the nnrepiniat; poor. Appeared in 
Sewell's tiea York Collection, 1820. Dr. Flint's 
hymns are unknown to the English Collections. 

CF. M. B] 

Flitner, Johann, was b. Nov. 1, 1618, at 
Buhl, Saxony, where his father was no irrai- 



FOLGET MIE, RTJFT 370 

master. After studying theology at Wittenberg, 
Jena, Leipzig, and Bostock, ho became in 1644 
precentor, and in 1646 diaconug at Grimmen, 
near Greifswald. On the outbreak of the first 
PruBso-Swedish war he was forced to flee to 
Stralsund, bnt returned to Grimmen in May, 
1660. At the death of his senior in 1664, he 
ought according to custom, to have been ap- 
pointed town preacher, but was passed over 
not only then but also in 1673 and 1676, when 
the post again became vacant The outbreak 
of the second Prusso-Swedish war, immedi- 
ately after this third disappointment, forced 
him again to flee to Stralsund, where be d. 
Jan. 7, 1678 (Koch, ii. 442-445; Mohniko's 
Hymnol. Forsehungen, pt it, 1832, pp. 3-54), 
His hymns seem to have been written during 
his enforced leisure at Stralsund They ap- 
peared, with melodies, entitled. Suscitabulnvt 
Musicum, as pt v. of his Himlische* Luti'GHrt- 
lein. Greifswald, 1661 (Hamburg Library). 
The only one tr. Into English is : — 

Aob, was toll ieh Sunder maohen. [£m£] The 
most popular of his hymns. Appeared 1661 as 
above, p. 462, in 7 st. of 6 1,, each st, ending 
"Meinen Jesum lass ieh nicht" (see note on 
Kegmarm) and with the motto "Omnia si per- 
dam, Jesum servare studebo ! " Included in the 
Leipzig Vorrath, 1673, No. 1089, and recently 
in the Um>. L. S. 1851, Ho. 367. The only tr. 
in C. U. is :— 

'Wist shall I a slnat* do t A good tr., omitting 
st. vl., as No. HO in Miss Winkworth'a C. B. for 
England, 1863. 

Another tr. is: "What to do in my condition," la 
the SHppitmtnt to German Pwlmody, ed. list, p. 4S. 

[J.M.] 
Floods of waters high in air. T. 

Whytehead. [Monday] Appeared in his 
Poenu, 1842, No, sxv., in 5 st. of 5 L, and en- 
titled " The Firmament." Although not given 
in the Poena as a tr. of Immense coeli Condifor 
(q. v.), it is evidently based noon that ancient 
hymn. In its original farm it is not In com- 
mon use. The altered version, "Lot the 
firmament doth bear," was given iu the 
Bymnarg, 1872, as the hymn for " Monday 
Evening." Its use is limited [J, J.] 

Flowerdew, Alice, was b. in 1769, and 
married to Mr. Daniel Flowerdew, who for a 
few years held a Government appointment in 
Jamaica, and d in 1801. After his decease 
Mrs. Flowerdew kept a Ladies' Boarding- 
school at Islington. During her residence at 
Islington she was a member of the General 
Baptist congregation, in Worship Street (now 
at Bcthnal Green Road). Subsequently she 
removed to Bury St. Edmunds, and some years 
later to Ipswich, where she d Sept. 23, 1830. 
In 1803 she pub. a small volume of Poem* on 
Moral and Religious Subjects. This work 
reached a 3rd ed. in 1811, and in that ed. 
appeared her well-known harvest hymn, 
"Fountain of mercy, God of love," q,v. Mis. 
Flowerdew's maiden name has not been ascer- 
tained. fW. E. gj 

Foleshill, a now do plume of Jonathan 
Evans, in The Christian Magazine, 1790-1793. 

Folget mir, raft una das Loben. J. 
BUt. [Following Christ.'] 1st pub. as No- 1 
in the "Viertes Zehen" of his Simlitche 
Lieder, LUncburg, 1642, in 16 st. of 8 1., en- 



380 



FOLLBN, ELIZA L. 



titled, " A devout hymn to God for the follow- 
ing of Christ in true godliness and all good 
works." Included in Freyiinghausen's O. B., 
1701, No. 393, omitting tt. x., xi., and this 
form was repeated in most subsequent co11b>, 
and is No. 307 in the Vnv. L. 8., 1861. The 
only (r. in C. U. is : — 

Mini me. ia mo ye live, A good tr. at at. 
i.-iii., vi., vii., ix., xv., xti^ by Mils Wick worth 
in the lit Series of Lyra 0er^ 1855, p. IBS, 
entitled "St. Andrew's Day." Her st. i., v., vi. 
are included in Kennedy, 1863 ; and her it. vii., 
viii., with a it. from her ii., jr., v. beginning, 
"Saviour, meet it is indeed," in the Pennsyl- 
vania Lvth. H. BK., 1885. [J. M.] 

Pollen, BUza Lee, nee Cabot, a well- 
known Unitarian writer, daughter of Samuel 
Cabot, b. at Boston, August 15, 1787, and 
married, in 1828, to Professor Charles Follen, 
who perished on board the " Lexington," 
which was burnt on Long Island Sound, Jan. 
13, 1640. Mrs, Follen d. at Brookline, Mass., 
I860. She was a voluminous writer. Her 
Poena were first pub. at Boston (Crosby & Co.), 
1839, and whilst she was in England she 
issued another volume for children's use, 
entitled The Lark and the Linnet, in 1854. 
Both volumes also contain some translations 
from the German, and versions of a few 
Psalms. Her best known hymns are r — 

1. Sow sweet to be allowed to pray. Sesigna- 
tion. Appeared in the Christian Disciple, Sept., 
1818, and in her Poems, 1839, p. 116, in 4 st. of 
4 1., and entitled, " Thy will be done." 

I. Hew sweet open this sacred day. Stmday, 
In her Poems, 1839, pp. 113-114, in ti at. of 4 I., 
and entitled " Sabbath Day."* It previously ap- 
peared in Sabbath Recreations, 1829. 

I. Lord, deliver, When smut savs. Prayer for 
the Stave. Found in Songs of the Frte, 1836 j 
but is not given in her Poems, 1839. In Adams 
and Chapin's ffy*. for Christian Devotion, Boston, 
U.S., 1846, it is So. 803, in 5 st. of 4 1. In 
common with No. 2 it has found acceptance out- 
sids Unitarian Collections. 

a. 0ed, Thou art food, eioli pexfnmed flower. 
This is the original of J. H. Gurney's hymn, "■ Yes, 
God is good," &c (q.v.) There is some obscurity 
about the text. It is found in her Hymns for^ 
Children, Boston, 1825, beginning, " God is good,' 
each perfumed flower," and this obvious mis- 
print (which destroys the metre) was usually 
copied in later books. It is also given with the 
same first line as an original piece, never before 
published, and signed "K.L. C." (initials of Mrs. 
Follen's maiden name), in Emily Taylor's Sab- 
bath Recreations, Wellington, Salop, 1826, p. 203. 
This suggests that it was printed in the American 
book after the vs. was posted to England. Mrs. 
Follen may have written at first " Tea, God is 
good," but this cannot now be determined. It 
begins, *' God, Thou art good," &c, in her Poems, 
1B39, p. 119, and in her verses, The Lark and 
the Linnet, be., 1854, and in each case is in S at. 
of 4 1., with the title, " God is Good." 

(, "Will Ood, "Who made the earth and sea. A 
Child's Prayer. Given in her Poems, 1839, p. 
164, in 7 st. of 4 1. In Or. Al Ion's Children's 
Worship, 1878, No. 212, it is abbreviated to 4 st. 
<i.-Iv.), and attributed to "ff. Bateman" in 
srror. [F. M, B.] 



FOB BVEB WE WOULD 

For all Toy love and goodness; so 
bountiful and free. [Spring.'] This hymn 
is based upon one written by Mrs. Frances 
Jane Douglas, net How, in 1848, and pub. 
in her April Verses. The original was re- 
written by Mrs. Douglas's brother, Bp. W, W. 
How, for the S. P. C. E. Church By*., 1871. 
Its use has extended to several hymn-books 
notwithstanding its awkward metre and faulty 
rhythm. [J, J.] 

For all Thy Saint*, a noble throng. 
Cecil F. Alexander. (St James.'] Contributed 
to H. A. & M., revised etL, 1875, and repeated 
in Mrs. Brock's Children's S. Bk., 1881. 

For all Thy saints, O Lord [God} 
Bp, R, Maid. \AU Saints,] An original hymn 
given with his trs. in his Ancient Hymns, 4o., 
1887, p. 80 (ed. 1871, p. 139), in 6 st of 4 1., and 
entitled, « Hymn on All Saints." The form 
in which it usually appears, in 4 st, was 
given In the S. P. C. E. Hymns, ic, 1852, In 
addition the following arrangements are also 
in C. U. :— 

1, Per Thy dear Mint, I*id, This was given in 
X.A.itM., Isei, No. ST3. It is composed of st.i.-lil., 
v., of Bp. Mant'o hymn, Jnit considerably altered, and 
the substitution of another doxotogy. 

1, For Thy true servants. Loud. This text In the 
Toronto Churck S. Bk., 186S, is the B, . A. A Jf. text 
slightly altered. 

S. Tor this, Thy saint, Lord. Another altered 
text In Skinner's Daily Service Hyl., ISM. 

Of these arrangements, the S. F. C. K. is 
most popular, both in G. Britain and America. 
It sometimes reads, " For all Thy saiuts, O 
God." [J. J.] 

For all Thy [the] saints who from 
their labours rest. Bp. W. W. How. 
[Saint? Days,] 1st pub. in Hymn for Saintt' 
Day, and Other Hymn*. By a Layman fEarl 
Nelson], 1664, in 11 st or 3 1, and the refrain 
" Alleluia," It was republished in Lyra 
Britaimiea, 1867 ; in the Sarum Hymnal, 1868 ; 
in tiie 1869 Appendix to the S. P. C. E. 
Ps. & Hys., and subsequently in nearly every 
hymnal of importance published in G. Britain. 
It is also found in the best collections of all 
English-speaking countries, and, with hymnal 
compilers, it is one of the most popular of the 
author** compositions. It is sometimes given 
in AmericannymnalE(asitisinthoS.P.O. E. 
Church Hyt.% as "For all the saints," &e., 
this being Bishop How's revised reading. In 
the Protestant Episcopal Hymnal, 1872, st. 
iii.-v.are given as a separate hymn (No. 186), 
beginning, " For the Apostles glonous com- 
pany." Orig. text as above. Authorized text 
m 8. P. C. E. Church Hymn*. [J. J.] 



Tor ever blessed be the Lord. J. 
Wattt. [Ps. cxliv.] In his Psalms of David, 
1719, this version in 3 st. of 4 1. forms tho 
first of three O.K. hymns on Ps. cxliv., and is 
accompanied with the following note : — 

"The sensa of a great port of this Psalm fs found 
often repeated In the Book of Psalms. 1 have therefore 
only taken three Htnall parts of tt, and Ibrm'd three dis- 
tinct hymns on very different subjects." 

Although frequently found in the older 
collections its modern use is limited. [J. J.] 

For ever we would gaze on Thoe. 

A. W. Chatjtetd, ^Transfiguration^ Written 
in March, 1874, " whilst journeying to, and 



FOR EVER WILL I BLEBS 

attending at the Assize Court at Shrewsbury." 
and 1st pub. in the revised ed. of H. A. A Jt, 
1875, No. 461. 

For error -will I bless the Lord. J. 
Conder. [Pa, xzxivj 1st pub. in Mb Star (n 
(Ae East with Other Poems, 1821, pp. 31-87, in 
8 st. of 6 1. In 1836 it was repeated in his 
Cong. H. Bk., No. 402, with the change of 
st iii. 1, 5, " Oh," to " Then try," Ac, and st. 
Ti., 1. 3, of" The wicked tin," to " The wicked 
link," and in 1806 this corrected form was 
given in his Hys. of Praise, Prayer, Ac, p. 1 1, 
as the authorised text. In modern hymnals 
two oantos are jjiven from this hymn : (1) That 
in the New C&ng., 1859, No. 402, composed 
of st i., ii., iii., vi. and vli. ; and (2) " For ever 
I will bless the Lord,*' in Kennedy, 1863, No. 
1348, st. 1, iii., It. and vii. [J. J.] 

For ever with the Lord. J. Montgomery. 
[Heaven anticipated.'] 1st pub. in The Ame- 
thyst, an annual, in 1835, and again in the 
author's Poet's Portfolio, in the same year, 
p. 233, in 22 st of 4 1., unequally divided into 
twoparts, and headed, " At Home in Heaven, 
1 Thess. iv. 17." It was repeated in bis 
Poetical Works, 1841, p. 267 ; and in his Ori- 
ginal Hymns, 1853, p. 231. In this last the 
second stanza of pi ii. is omitted. Numerous 
centos from this hymn are in 0. U., all except 
four beginning with si L, but varying in 
length and arrangement. In America espe- 
cially these centos have attained great popu- 
larity. The cento "Beneath the star-lit 
arch," in Beecher*» Plymouth Coll., 1855, is 
composed of st. vii., xii., xiii. and xxi. slightly 
altered. In Martinean's Hymns, tea., 1840 
and 1878, there are also two cental from this 
hymn :(1)" In darkness as in light"; and (2) 
"My Father's house on high, and in the 
Presbvterlan Pt. A Hy». for (fte Worship of 
God, Richmond, U.S.A., 1867, a third, (3) 
" My thirsty spirit taints." [J. J.] 

For mercies countless as the sands, 
J. Newton. [Praise.] Appeared in the Olney 
Hymns, 177B, Bk. i., No. 50, in 5 st of 4 )., 
and based upon Fs. cxvi. 12, 13. Its use both 
in the older, and in modem collections both 
in G. Britain and America, iB extensive. Orig. 
text in H. Comp^ No. 501. 

The authorship of this hymn is sotnettmes attributed 
to W. Cowper, the poeti bat In error. It la not Riven 
In any or the collected works of Cowper. and his elgna- 
ture En the Otitey Bfrmat "C^lsnotaadedtotblflbyinn, 
In any edition with which we in acquainted, and cer- 
tainly not In the first of lltl. We attribute It to J. 
Jftmlon on the ground that ail unsigned hymns in the 
Oftwy are claimed by him. [J. J.] 

For Sion'a sake I will not cease. C. 
Wesley. [Missions.] A poem on Fs. Ixii, in 
29 st of * 1., which appeared in Hymns and 
Sacred Poems, 1749, vol. i. Sometime after 
J. Wesley's death, probably about 1800, a cento 
therefrom was given in the We'. H. Bk., No. 
149, beginning, " Thus saith the Lord, 'tis 
God's eommand." It is composed of st. xxi., 
xxiii.-xxvii., somewhat altered. Orig. text, 
P. Works, 1808-72, vol. iv. p. 312-316. In 
the revised ed, 1875, this cento was omitted 
in favour of " Why not now, my God, my 
God," which was formerly No. 411. [J. J.] 

For Thy morey and Thy grace. H. 
Dotmtten. [Old and New Tear?] Written in 



FORGIVE, O LORD, OUR 381 

1841, and 1st pub. in the Church of England 
JHajpu^ne,inl813.p.l5,in7st. of 4 1., and en* 
titled, "A Hymn for the commencement of the 
Year." In 1851 it was republished with one 
alteration, and the omission of st. it and iiL, 
in A. Tozw Russell's Pt. a) Eye. This was 
reproduced, with further alterations, in B. 
A. A M., 1861. Numerous versions exist in 
modem hymnals, Russell's abridged text, as 
in the Snrum Hymnal, being most in favour. 
In 1873 the author included it in its original 
form, with two unimportant alterations, in his 
Hymns and Verses, &c., pp. 7, 8. Orig. text as 
above, authorised text in Thrfng's Coll., 1882, 
and the Westminster Abbey H. Bk., 1883. The 
doxology sometimes added thereto as in 
Church Hymns, 1871, is not in the original and 
is seldom adopted. The hymn, in its various 
forms and readings, is the most popular, and 
most widely used of Mr, Downton'a pioduo- 
tions. [J. J.] 

Ford, Charles Lawrence, b.a„ s. of 
Mr. W. Ford, artist, of Bath, was b. at Bath 
in 1880. Hr. Ford is a graduate of the London 
University, and is engaged in scholastic work. 
In 1862 he contributed several poetical pieces to 
Canon Baynes's Lyra Anglieana, in 1865 to 
his English Lyrics, and also to the Illustrated 
Book of Soared Poetry, w.d, Mr. Ford's hymns 
and poems were collected and pub. as Lyra 
Christi, 1874. From these works the follow- 
ing have come Into C. U. ; — 

1. Father, for Thy kindest word. (ISM.) Strength in 
tftaknttt. 

I. lard, from this time we cry to Thee. Chritt a* 
Guide*? Knit*. 

8. O Thou, by Whom the balm la borne. in AjfUt- 
tion. 

i. This ferny Body which is given for yon, H. Com- 
tnunum. [J, J 1 

Forgive, blest shade, the tributary 
tear. Anne Steele. [Death and Buried.] In 
1760 Miss Steele pub. in her Poems on Subject* 
Chiefly Devotional, &c., vol. ii. p. 71, an ode 
" On the death of Mr. Hervey," in 9 st. of 4 1, 
and beginning, " O Hervey, honoured name, 
forgive the tear." From this ode st i., ii. are 
taken, altered to " Forgive, blest shade, the 
tributary tear," and used as a hymn in a few 
collections, including Ellen Courtauld's P»., 
Hys., Ac, 1853, and the American Church 
Pastorals, Boston, 1864. [J. J.] 

Forgive, O Lord, our frailties [wan- 
derings] past. [Before Holy Communion.] 
This hymn 1st appeared as a leaflet, and was 
then included in the Foundling Coll., 1796 
(but without music), in the following form : — 
" Bkfobb rira Sacnait-mr. Dr. Cook, 

Solo. 
" Forgive, O Lord, our frailties past. 
Henceforth we will obey thy call i 
Our sins far from ns let ua cast, 
And turn to thee, devoutly alt. 

Cfaorus- 
" Then with archangels, we shall sing. 
Pralaea to beav'n'e eternal King, 

Duet. 
" Hear ua, O Lord, in mercy hear. 
Our guilt with sorrow we deplore | 
Pity our anguish, calm our fear, 
And give us grace to sin no more. 

Chorus. 
" Then with archangels we shall sing, 
Praties to heav'n's eternal King, 



882 FORGIVE THEM, MY 

Soto. 
" While at yon Altar's foot we knee], 
And of the holy rite partake, 
Onr pardon, Lord, vouchsafe to seal, 
For Jesus, our Kedeeiner's sske. 
Chorva. 
** Tbeu with archangels we aba]] aing, 
Praises to be&v'n'a eternal King ,'* 

In the following year, 1797, it was retained 
in the Foundling Coll. in the same form. The 
last stanza, however, was omitted in the cd. of 
1801, but restored again in 1809. In 1810 it 
■was given in the Rev. J, Kemplhorne's Panjms 
and Hymns, as, " Forgive, Lord, our wander- 
ings past," No. elxviii., and the alteration of 
st. ii. 1. 2, to " With sorrow we our guilt de- 
plore." From Kempthome's Ps. & Hys. it hag 
passed into a few collections, but usually in 
»n altered form as in the Irish Church Hym- 
nal, 1873, and others. The scarcity of the 
Foundling Coll. musical cds. of 1796 and 1309, 
and of the book of words only, eds. of 1797 
and 1801, led most writers into the error of 
concluding thiit it was first printed in 1809, 
olid that, having been included in J, Kemp- 
thome's Ps. & Hys., 1810, and thence passed 
into other collections, it was an ordinal hymn 
by Kempthorne. All the evidence which, we 
possess is against Kempthome's claims, and 
we must designate it as "Anon. Foundling 
Coll, 1796." [W. T. BJ 

Forgive them, O my Father. Cecil F. 
Alexander. [Qood Friday?] Contributed to 
the revised ed. of H, A. & M., 1875, in 6 st 
of 4 1., and based on the words " Father, for- 
give them, for they know not what they do." 
In 1881 it was repeated in Mrs. Brock's Chil- 
dren's H. flit., and is also found in one or two 
American collections. [J. J.] 

Forsaken onee, and thrioe denied. 

Cecil F. Alexander. [St. Peter.] Contributed 
to the revised ed. of S. A. & iff., 1875, No. 418, 
and repeated in Mrs. Brock's Children's H. 
M„ 1881. 

Forsyth, Christina, daughter of Thomas 
Forsyth, and sister of W. Forsyth, Q.C., some- 
time member for Cambridge, was b. in Liver- 
pool in 1825, and d. at Hastings, March 16, 
1859. During a long and painful illness she 
composed several hymns and poems which 
were issued as leaflets. These were collected 
after her death, and pub. in 1861, as Eymm 
by C. F. {Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 233). From 
this volume the following have passed into a 
few collections : — 

1. Himself hath done it all, bow tbose words. 
Xetignaiion. 

9, Jehovah Elohim I Greater great, JV<tme t of Jtko- 
cah. 

S, Holy Spirit, now daaoend on ma. Pretence of 
the Holy Spirit daircd. 

4. whatahappjlstlirain*, Union with Chritt, 

[J. JO 

Fortem virill pectore. Card. Silvio 
Antoniano. [Holy Women.] Included by 
Fope Clement VIII. in the Roman Breviary, 
Venice, 1003, f. 37 6., in the Common, as the 
hymn for 1st and 2nd Vespers, and at Lauds 
in tho Office for the Common of Holy Women. 
It is also in other Breviaries; Daniel, iv. 
p. 811, and Card. Newman's Hymni Eedesiae, 
1838-65. The author, Cardinal Silvio An- 
toniano, was b. at Borne in 1540. Through 



FORTH IN THY NAME 

the influence and patronage of Fope Pius IV. 
he became Professor of the Belles Lettres in 
the Collegio Romano, and subsequently rose 
to be the head of the college, and a cardinal, 
He d. in 1603. [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C, U. : — 

1. High let hi all but voioea mis*. By E. 
Caswall. 1st pub. in his Lyra Catholics, 1849, 
p. 223, in 5 St. of 4 1. It has been included in 
the Hys. for the Year, and other Roman Catholic 
collections for Missions and Schools ; and in the 
People's H., 1667, and other Anglican hymn- 
books. In CaswalTs Hys, $ Poems, 1873, p. 119, 
another tr, in s.m. is substituted for. this. It 
begins, " Laud we the saints most sweet." 

1. This woman more than woman strong. By 
J. R. Beste, in his Church Hymns. 1849, p. 59. 

S. O'er all the Qhiiroh thy praise be tela. By 
R. Campbell, in his Hys. $ Anthems, 1850, in 
5^st, of 4 1. In connection with this tr. there 
are two centos which must be noted. The first 
is No. 87 in the Hymnal for the use of Bt. John 
the Evangelist, &c, Aberdeen, 1870, This is 
composed of st. i. this tr,, at, ii,— iv. from' the 
People's H. (is above. The second is No. 417, in 
the Hymnary, 1872, beginning, "To share the 
Lamb's high marriage rites." The first stanza 
of this cento is J. D. Chambers's tr. of "Ad 
nuptias Agni Pater" (Lavda Syon, pt. ii., 1866, 
p. 47), and the remaining stanzas are this tr. by 
K. Campbell, slightly altered. 

4, How llert the matron, whe, enlned. By the 
Compilers of H. A. $ M., 1861. [J. J.] 

Fortes oadendo Martyres. Jean Bap- 
tUtedeSanteuil. [Many Martyrs.] Appeared 
in the Chiniae Breviary, 1686, p. xxvii., and 
in hU Hymni Saeri et Novi, 1689 (ed. 1698, 
p. 245). It was given in the Paris Breviary, 
1736, and is also in Card. Newman's Hymni 
Eeelesiae, 1838 and 1865. Tr. as :— 

Of the martyra we una;. By I. Williams in 
his Hys. tr. from the Parisian Breviary, 1839, p. 
287, in 8 st. of 4 1. This, abbreviated to 6 St., 
and altered, is No. 201 in Skinner's Daily Servicj 
Hymnal, 1864 

Another tr. ii : — 

The valiant martyr-host to praise. J, D, Chambers, 
1B6S, p. 16. [J, J.] 

Forth from the dark and stormy sky 
Bp. B. Heber. [Lent] Appeared iu his 

Hymns, &c., 1827, in 2 st. of 6 L, and appointed 
for the 2nd Sun. after Trinity. It was also 
included in the 1842 cd. of the same. The 
use of this hymn has been very varied. In 
the New Mitre, and Thring's Coll., it is ap- 
pointed for " Holy Communion " (its claim 
thereto being evidently the second line of st L, 
"Lord, to Thine altar's shade we flee," and 
the concluding line of each stanza, " Turn 
not, O Lord, Thy guests away"); whilst in 
Kennedy it is given for " Passion Week," and 
in other collections for different seasons. In 
most cases the text is unaltered, as in Thring's 
Coll., 1882, No. 582. Its American use is ex- 
tensive. [J. J.] 

Forth la Thy Name, O Lord, I go. 
C. Wesley. [Morning.] 1st pub. in Hymns 
and Sac. Poems, 1749, vol. i. p. 246. "For 
Believers Before Wort," No. 144, in 6 st of 
4 1. It was included in the Wee. H. Bh., iu 
1780, with the omission of st. iii. It has 
come into most extensive use both in G. Britain 



FOltTH TO THE LAND OF 

and America. In common with many of the 
older hymns it has undergone alterations at 
various hands. The line which has given the 
greatest trouble to the compilers is, "And prove 
Thy acceptable ■will." This has undergone 
many change*, but that given in the Leeds 
B. Bk, in 1853, " And prove Thy good and 
perfect will," has been received by common 
oonsent as the beat and most musical reading. 
Orig. text, P. Works, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 50. 
The dosology in H. A. & M. and some other 
collections is not in the original. In 1767, 
B. Conyers gave it in his Coll as "Forth 
in Thy strength, O Lord, we go," but this 
alteration has passed out of use. [J. J.] 

Forth to the land of promise bound. 

H. Alford. {Life a Pilgrimage.'] Written at 
Apton in December, 1828 (Life, 1872, p. 39), 
and was given in Lis Pt. A Hymns, 1811, 
No. 68, in 4 at of 11., and again in his Year 
of Praise, 1867, No. 181. It is also in several 
American collections. Its subject is the journey 
of the Children of Israel spiritualised. [J. J] 

Forti tegent© brachio. C. Coffin. 
[Easier.] Included in the revised Paris Bre- 
viary, 1736, in 8 st. of 4 L, as the Vesper hymn 
in the Sunday and Ferial Offices, beginning 
with Low Sunday and extending to the Feast 
of the Ascension. It was also given in the 
author's Hynwi Setcri, 1733, p. 101, and is re- 
peated from the Paris Brev. in Card. New- 
man's HyfmiEccUsiae, 1838-65. [W.A.S.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, Protected by the Almighty hand, By J. 
Chandler, in his Hys. of the Primitive Church, &c, 
1837, p. 30, in 6 st. of 4 1. It is given in a few 
collections, including the 1862 Appendix tc the 
H. Noted. 

2. Brand by a holy onann. By I. Williams, in 
the British Magazine, April, 1837 (vol. si. p. 387, 
together with the Latin text); and again in his 
Hys. tr.from the Parisian Breviary, 1839, p. 132, 
in 8 st. of 4 1. In the Child's Christian Year, 
1841-71, it begins with st. ii., "Let us His 
praise unfold"; and in the Hymnary, 1872, No. 
279, it is altered tc " Beneath a mighty arm." 

1. Penned by a strong riant inn. By W. J, 
Blew. 1st printed on flyleaf for the use of his 
own congregation, 1849-51, and thenjpub. in 
his Church Hy. and Tune Bh., 1852, in 2 st. of 
8 1., and 1 st. of 10 1. In this form it was re- 
peated in Bice's Sel. from that wovk, 1870. 

4. Led by a mighty arm. By J. A. Johnston. 
In the 1st ed. of his English flyt., 1852, this tr. 
is given in 3.M., but in the 2nd ed., 1858, it wns 
changed to 6'e, in 4 st of 6 1. This is continued 
in later editions. 

Sr*. net la 0. V. i — 

1. Helped by the Almighty's arm at last. J. D. 
Chambers, 18Sf,p. ITS. 

a. By Oodu strong arm stretched forth to save. Jt. jp, 
Littleiale In Igra Jtottianica, las*. 

From this hymn, et iv.-viii. have been taken 
as a separate hymn, beginning : — " lam Paseha 
noatrum Christut est." In its Latin form it is 
not in use as a separate hymn. The following 
trt. are in C. U. : — 

1. Few Christ snr Passover ia iltk By W. J, 
Blew, in his Church II. and Tmte Bk., 1852-55, 
and again in Rice's Hymas from the same, 1870. 

8. Christ ia beoome our Fasahal Lamb, This tr. 
lactone's Bynmal, 1862, and the Pariah H. Bk., 



FOBTUNATUS, VENANTIUS H. C. 383 

1865-75, is from I. Williams, as above, rewritten 
from 6's to CM, [J. J.] 

Fortunatus, Ven&ntlua Honorius 
Clementiainis, was b. at Ceneda, near Tre- 
viso, about 530. At an early age he was con- 
verted to Christianity at Aquileia. Whilst a 
student at Ravenna he became almost blind, 
and recovered his sight, as he believed miracu- 
lously, by anointing his eyes with some oil 
taken from a lamp that burned before the altar 
of St. Martin of Tours, in a church in that town. 
His recovery induced him to make a pilgrim* 
age to the shrine of St. Martin, at Tours, hi 
565, and that pilgrimage resulted in his 
spending the rest of his life in Gaul. At 
Poitiers he formed a romantic, though purely 
platouio, attachment for Queen Bhadegunda, 
the daughter of Bortharius, king of the Thu- 
ringiana, and the wife, though separated from 
him, of Lothair I., or Clotaire, king of Neu- 
stria. The reader is referred for further par- 
ticulars of this part of the life of Fortunatua 
to Smith and Waco's Vict, of Christian Bio- 
graphy, vol. ii. p. 552. It is sufficient to say 
here that under the influence of Bhadegunda, 
who at that time lived at Poitiers, where she 
had founded the convent of St. Croix, Fortu- 
natus was ordained, and ultimately, after the 
death of Bhadegunda in 597, became bishop 
of Poitiers shortly before his own death in 609. 

Tae writings, chiefly poeticij, of Fortunatua, which 
tre still extant, are very numerous and varioue tu kind; 
Including the liveliest Vert it Saeikti and the grandest 
hymns ; while much that ho is known to have written. 
Including a volume of Hymns for all the Festivals of 
the Christian Tear, ia loot. Of what remains may be 
mentioned, 3%e Life of St. Martin of Iburs, his Patron 
Saint, in four books, containing 3J45 hexameter lines. 
A complete list of bis works will be found in the article 
mentioned above. 

His contribution) to bymnology must have been very 
considerable, as the name of his lost volume implies, 
but what remains to us of that character, as being cer- 
tainly his work, does not comprise at most more than a 
or 10 compositions, and of some of these even bis author- 
ship Is more than doubtful. Hia best known hymn is 
the famous " Vexilla Kegie prodennt," so familiar to us 
in our Church Hymnals in some English form or other, 
especially, perhaps, in Dr. Scale's translation, "The 
Royal Banners forward go." The next most important 
composition claimed for him is " Pange. lingua, glo- 
riosi ptaelium certaminis," but there would eeem to be 
little doubt according to Slrmond { Ifotis ad JBpist . 'Sidon. 
Apoilin, iio. ill., £fc>. 4), that it was more probably 
written by Ciaudianus ittamertus. Besides these, which 
are on the Passion, there are four hymns by Fortunatua 
for Chrlatmae, one of which ia given by Daniel, " Ag- 
noocat omna Baecuidm," one forLent, and one for Easter. 
Of '* Lustra sex qui Jam peregit," of which an imitation 
In English by Bp. M ant, "See the destined day arise," is 
well-known, the authorship is by some attributed to 
Fortunatus, and by some to St. Ambrose. 

The general character of the poetry of 
Venantius Fortunatus is by no means high, 
being distinguished neither for its 'classical, 
nor, with very rare exceptions, for its moral 
correctness. He represents the "last expiring 
effort of the Latin muse in Gaul," to retain 
something of the " old classical culture amid 
the advancing tide of barbarism." Whether 
we look at his style, or even his grammar and 
quantities, we find but too much that is open 
to criticism, whilst he often offends against 
good taste in the sentiments he enunciates. 
Occasionally, as we see in the " Texilla Begis," 
he rises to a rugged grandeur in which he has 
few rivals, and some of his poems are by no 
means devoid of simplicity .and pathos. But 
these are the exceptions and not the rule in 



384 



FOBTY DATS AND 



I 



his writings, and we know not how far he may 
have owed even these to the womanly instincts 
and gentler, purer influence of Bhadegunda. 
Thierry, in bis R&it* dee Ternp* M Mn^ew, 
Beeif 5"", gives ft lively sketch of Fortunatus, 
as in Archbishop Trench's words (Sao. Lot 
Poetry, 1874, p. 132), "A clever, frivolous, self- 
indulgent and vain character," an exaggerated 
character, probably, because one can hardly 
identify the author of " VexilJa Bogie," in 
such a mere man of the world, or look at the 
writer of " Crux benedicta nitet, Dominus qua 
came pependit" q.v., as being wholly devoid 
of the atghest aspirations after things divine. 
A quarto edition of bis Work* was pub. in 
Rome in 1786. [D. 8. W.] 

Forty days and forty nights. Q. H. 
Smyttan. [Lent.] 1st pub. in the Penny 
Pott, March, 1856 (vol. vL p. 60% in 9 et. of 
4 1., headed " Poetry for Lent ; As sorrowful, 
et always rejoicing, and signed " G. H. S." 
Jx 1861, 6 at, were given with alterations in 
the Rev. F, Pott's Hymns, 4c, and repeated 
in H. A. <fe JK, 1861-75 ; Mrs. Brock's Chil- 
dren's 3. Bk., 1881, and others. Other slightly 
altered texts are given in the Sarim Hyl., 
1S6S ; the 8. P. C. E. Church Hymnt, 1871, 
and others. This hymn has extended to a 
few American collections. [J. J.] 

Forward! be our watchword. H. 
Alford. [Processional] Was written for and 
first sung in public at the tenth Festival of 
Parochial Choirs of the Canterbury Diocesan 
Union, on the 6th June, 1871, and pub. with 
music, also by the Dean, in the Festival Book 
of that year. Both words and music were 
subsequently included in the author's Life by 
his widow, in 1872 (Appendix B), in 8 at of 
12 1. It has since appeared in many hymnals 
both in G. Britain and America, including 
The Hymnary, 1S72; H. A. * M., 1875, Turing's 
ColL, 1882, &c. In the American Laiidet 
Domini, N. Y.. 1884, it is divided into two 
parts, the second beginning, "Far o'er yon 
horizon." [J. J.] 

Forward go in glad accord. L. Tut- 
tiett. [Choral FettitaU.] Written for the 
Coventry Choral Festival, 1867, and subse- 
quently used Oil similar occasions at Peter- 
borough, and elsewhere. Its first publication 
as distinct from printing in the foregoing fes- 
tival books, was in Biden's Processional Hymns 
wift Tunes, n. d. (Northampton). Authorized 
text in Chureh Hymns, 1871, No. 318. [J. JO 

Forward let the people go. T. KeUy. 
[Press Onward.'] Appeared in his Hymn* . . . 
Not More Published, 1815, No. 70, in 5 st of 
6 L It was subsequently included in the 
various editions of his Hymn* on Various Pot- 
tage* of S. Scripture, &c The hymn, No. 
1166, m the 1869 Supp- to the Xea Cong., 
" Onward let My children go," is composed of 
st i., ul, ii. and iv., in (he order named but 
somewhat altered. Both the original, and the 
altered form of the hymn are in other collec- 
tions. [J. J.] 

Fountain, John, was b. in 1767. He 
was a member of the Baptist Church in Eagle 
Street, London, and in Jan., 1796\ was re- 
commended to the Baptist Missionary Society 
as " a person whose heart was engaged in the 
work of missions tM whose character was 



FOUNTAIN OF MRBCY, GOD 

suitable to such an undertaking." He set sail 
for India in April of the same year. He soon 
became sufficiently master of the BengsUt lan- 
guage to preach to the people, and gave pro- 
mise of great usefulness; but after a brief 
bright course, died at Dinagepore, Aug. 20th, 
1800. 

Mr. Fountain bad mimical gifts, end, u appears from 
Rippon'e Baptitt Rtgitter for DM, was probably the 
first who wrote out a Hindoo tun* to musical notes. In 
tlie same number of the Rtgitier Is a bynm entitled 
The Penitents Prayer A ttttUve, composed In Bengali 
by Dr. W. Carey, and translated into English by J. 
Fountain, a. hymn by Mr. Fountain la in the Evan- 
gelical JOgatint for IMS. Another, beginning "ffln- 
ners, yon are now addressed," appeared In Rlppon'a *I. 
(1800), and is in Bourgeon's 0. O. H. Bk., ISSS. 

[W. B. S.] 

Fountain of comfort and of love. 
P. Doddridge. [Prayer on behalf of Ministers.] 
1st pub. in J. Orion's posthumous ed of Dod- 
dridge's ifwitiu, Ac, 1755, No. 271, in 6 st 
of 4 1., and again in J. D. Humphreys's ed. 
of the same, 1839, No. 296. In both cases 
the heading is the same, " Ministers comforted 
that they may comfort others " ; bat in the 
latter the opening line reads, " Fountain of 
comfort, source of love," this being the only 
difference in the test (See *m»™fc Hymnody, 
Barly, § XIV.) [J. J.] 

fountain of grace, rich, full, and 
free. J. EdmetUm. [AU-titgtcieney of Christ,] 
Pub. in his Hyt. for the Chamlter of Sickness, 
n.d. [1841], p. 19, in 4 st. of 4 1. In 1855 it 
was given anonymously in H W. Beecher's 
Plymouth Coll, No. 531. From that date it 
gradually grew in favour until it has taken its 
plaoe in most of the leading American hymn- 
books. [J, J.] 

Fountain of merer, God of love. 
Alice Ftoteerdevi. [Harvest.] 1st pub. in her 
Poems on Moral and Religions Svbfeets, 3rd 
ed., 1811, in 6 st of 4 L, and entitled, « Har- 
vest Hymn." It has been contended by some 
that it is taken from John Needham's hymn, 
No. Ivi., in his Hymns Devotional and moral, 
ax., 1763, which opens : — 

11 To praise the ever bounteous Lord. 
My eon), waits all thy powers : 
He calls, snd at His voice come forth 
The smutrjg harvest hows." 

Needham's hymn, however, is very inferior 
in design and composition, and has nothing in 
common with this, by Mrs. Flowerdew, save 
the subject of Harvest. Mrs. Flowerdews 
hymn was brought into congregational use by 
Cotterill in his Sel., 1819, where it was given 
in 5 st., the last being by himself or Mont- 
gomery. The latter repeated it in his Chris- 
tian Psalmitt, 1825. In the Anglican H. Bk., 
1898, it is given as " O Fount of mercy, God 
of love." Its use in its original and other 
forms is extensive in most English-speaking 
countries. Orig. text in Hy. Comp., No. 50. 

An altered version of this hymn is very 
popular. It was given in Murray's Hymnal, 
1852, as:— 

" Father of meroiea, God of love. 
Whose gifts all creatures abare i " 

and later in numerous collections in G-. Britain 
and America, including H. A. <fc Jf., 18G1 
(where a doxology is substituted for the last 
st), and others. Another form of this hymn 
«M given anonymously in Longfellow and 
Johnson's American Unitarian Book of Hymn*, 



FOUQUB, F. H. C. DE LA M. 

ISM ; their Hy*. of the Spirit, 1864 ; and in 
Mm. E. Courtaulds P**, Hy: is Anthaau, 
LontL, 1860. It begins," Fountain of life, and 
God cf love." [I J.] 

Fouqna, Friedrlch Heinrieh Carl 
de la ,Stotte, was b. Feb. 12, 1777, at Bran- 
denburg on the Havel, where his father, of an 
ancient and noble Huguenot family, was a re- 
tired officer of dragoons. Educated under flie 
training of the French Befornwd Church, it 
was intended that he should enter the Univer- 
sity of Halle m a student of law. By his 
own preference however he entered the army, 
and in 1791 was appointed cornet in the Duke 
of Weimar's regiment of cuirassiers. In 1803 
he married and retired to Nennhausen near 
Rathenow, Brandenburg. When, in March, 
1813, the King of PraesUi invited his people to 
arm against France, Foturue* offered himself 
as a volunteer and served as a lieutenant of 
cavalry till he was disabled at tike battle of 
Liitzen, May 2, 1813, and with the rank of 
major retired once more to Nenhhausen. After 
the death of his wife, in 1831, he resided for 
some time at Halle, where he gave lectures in 
the University on the history of poetry; and 
finally settled in Berlin, where, two days after 
a stroke ofapoplexy,he d. Jan. 23, 1843 (JCmA, 
vii.6-20 ; Attg.VeuttckeBiog., vii. 198-201, 4c). 

Ebuqne ti beat known as one of the leaders of the 
"Bomsntlc" school of German literature, end by bis 
wonderfully successful efforts to nuke the beet feature* 
of the knight and minstrel life of tbe Wth cent. live 
again tn tbe psges of bis romances as an example and 
incitement to bis own times. His fame rests not on 
bis poems, but on bis romances, especially tbat of Undine 
(1st ed. Berlin, 1911, 1Mb ed. 187»— fhiquently tr. into 
English). His hymns, wbfleslfordlngs true and thought- 
ful reflex of hla religious feelings, cannot be said to have 
either great depth of Chrtotisn experience at genuine 
chnrefaly ring, and bardly any have come Into Church 
nse In Germany. He himself only pnbnsbedlo Mission 
hymns at Leipzig, ten, as Oeuflidka Liefer, Srita 
JsJnddtat. From his papers bis second wife Issued two 
collections, tbe GtWUto GtttitMe, Berlin, ism. and 
ChritUlcher LUatnehatt, Berlin, lsslj but they con- 
tain few compositions that can be called hymns, and of 
'these bardly any are suitable for church nse. 

Of his hymns those tr. into English are : — 

L Was da vor taueend Jsjtrea, Christ OW 
Light. Founded on St. Mark i. 46-52, and in- 
cluded 1846, p. 1, in 6 at, of 8 I., entitled, "The 
Faithfulness of the Saviour." Previously in 
BnnMn'i KstjikA, 1833, No. 761. Tr. sa:— 

J. thoaeann' years ban fleeted, a good and full 
fr. by Mill Cox in ber^lacfWf^fjw.^ioiinrA* filer., 
18+1, p. 105, repeated, omitting st. ii.-iv., as 
No. 567 In Hedge and Huntington *i Hy*. for the 
Ch. of Christ, Boston, U.S., 1853. 

Other tn. are : (1) " Thy mercy, Lord, Is still the 
sane.' by ia* X. .Fortune, lsts, (?) " Hy Saviour, 
what Tbou didst of old," by MUt WinkmrO, !««, 
p. S3. 

His hymns not in English G. U. are : — 
iL In die Kegel aanft und linde. Miaimt. IRA, 
p. 13, tn 4 St., entitled "Prosperous Voyage," I.e. to the 
mission Held, Tr. aa " In our asila all soft and sweetly," 
by Mis Winkmrth, IMS, p. lis. 

Hi, Wis sokannt so feiarUeh sa nnssrn Itissen. 
Jfisitofu. For nusalanerlea about to set out on their 
voyage. IBM, p. 11, in S St., entitled "At tbe; Sea." 
The (ft. are : a) » Thou, eoletnu Oman, rollest to the 
strand," by JHu wtnfewrsV, lsse, p. IIS. (?) "Dark, 
mighty Ocean, rolling to our wet," by Mttt BarfkwUk, 
In IT. L. i, 1MB. p. as, repeated In L. Behftaess'a Ch. 
<U Sea. 1MB, p. 5. [J. M.] 

Four streams through happy Eden 
flow'tL J.M.Ntah. [St. Mark'* Dayl 1st 



FRANCIS, BENJAMIN 385 

pub. in the 3rd Series of his .Hymn* for Ch& 
dren, 1848, p. 21, in7st of 41., the last being 
Bp. Ken's doxology. It is given in a few eol- 
lectionsonly. The idea upon which the hymn 
is based is that the four rivers of Eden were 
typical of the four Evangelists, and of these 
St Mark was one. [J. J,] 

Fox, Jane. rorowuson, Jane,] 

Fox, William Johnson, the son of a 
small farmer in Suffolk, was b. in 1796. As 
a boy he worked as a weaver, but subsequently 
spent six years in a bank. He was educated 
for the ministry under Dr. Pye Smith, at 
Homerton. His first settlement was with an 
Orthodox Independent congregation ; but he 
very soon became a Unitarian. In 1817 he 
settled in London as minister of the Parlia- 
ment Court Chapel. In 1821 he removed to 
a new chapel at South Place, Finsbnry, where 
be remained until 1852. He was a prominent 
member of the Antl Corn-law League; joined 
in founding the Westminster Review, and from 
1831 to 1836 was owner of the Monthly Re- 
pository. From 1847 to 1863 he sat in Parlia- 
ment as member for Oldham. Ha d. in 1864. 
In 1841 be pub. Hyt. and Anthems, London, 
Charles Fox. This, collection contained 150 
selections from various authors, including 
Mrs. Sarah Adams, who was a member of his 
congregation. He included 13 of his own 
hymns. A new and enlarged ed. of his Hymns, 
Ac, was pub. in ] 873. A memorial edition of 
liis ICorfrs was pub. in 12 vols, in 1865. His 
hymns which have come into C. U. outside of 
his collection include ; — 



1. A little child in bulraeh ark. 

a. Call them from tbe dead. Tkt Spirit! e/ At Past. 

3. Grsetoua Power, the world pervading. PuWw 
Wbrthip. 

4. In the plan divine. J*er/ecf ton o/ God's delimit. 

5. Jews were wrought to cruel madness. Good Fri- 
day, b. r. m. at the Croit, 

6. The sage hia cup of hemlock nusJFed. Jtettonafton. 

[v. d:d.] 

Frances, Grace J., a nam de plwne of 
Mrs. F. C. Tan Alstyne. 

Franoh, JameB. [Psalter*, English.] 

Francis, Benjamin, m.a„ was b. in 
Wake in 1734. He was baptized at the age 
of 15, and began to preach at 19. He studied 
at the Bristol Baptist College, and commenced 
his ministry at Bodbury. In. 1747 he removed 
to Hbrsley (afterwards called Shortwood), in 
Gloucestershire. There he remained, through 
a happy and very successful ministry of 42 
years, until his death in 1799. He was the 



®£ 



author of many poetical composttions : — 
(1> (bufiagraHai, a Pee* in Aur Parti (Did); 
■" ^egia on tbe Deaths of the Bev*. ffeorac waife- 
OaUh Acrns, jRsbt. Any, and Jbilktia laomaf ; 
"(SI Tht JModotum, a Poem (1TS0) ; (*) a Fseticai 
Addrtu to ike Btocltbridfft J+diani ; _(o) two satirical 
pieces on the Baptismal controversy ; IV Saltyian Zfo- 



pieces on tbe Baptismal controversy ; Tfte Salopian 1 
tot i sod 7te Oracle, the former pawing through several 
editions and being reprinted in America. 

Francis was the author of 5 hymns in Eip- 
pon's &£, 1787, all of which are still in C. V. :— 



MtiHttert- 



i Thy tiuorts, eternal Kins;. Mttdngt iff 
or ukurch Oanftrtneit. 
t, «ory ta the etansl Xlnf . Majaty tf ffljd, la 
Snepp's gangt qf a. * Q., 18TS, 



9, In sweet DsudlenlteA (trains, OptmngqfaPtact 
_ " WortMp, This was glTeti tn Riffxm, No. SSs, in e St. 
of* 1. with the note i^-" Song, on opening the Ueettug 

2< 



ef WonlUp. This was givera tn Rippon, No. sss. in e ft. 
of* 1. with the note i—" Song, on opening the Ueetius, 
House at Huntley, Oloncestershire, [bis Chsuel,] Sep- 



386 



FEANCISCI, EEASMU9 



tember IB, 1*74 ; and also at the opening of the New 
Meeting House, at Downend, near Bristol, October 4, 
Use." This hjmn is abbreviated in the Bapt. i^mitoi, 
1S79, to 4 St., and begins with at. ILL which la altered to 
"Come, King of glory, come." No. IbW lo Spurgeon's 
0- 0. S. Bk. is the same arrangement of stanzas altered 
by Mr, Spurgeon to "Great King of Zion, now." In 
several American hymnal* it reads: "Great King of 
glory, come." 

4. Ky gracious Bsd'seraer, I love. The iow c/ <7&ri»< 
to Men. In various collections. 

0. Praise the Saviour, all ye nations, Offertory, la 
Snepp's Ssngt of G.Jt G., 1S72, No. J3fl, " With my 
substance I will honour," Is a cento from this hymn. 

G. Ye objects of tense and enjoyments of time, 
Otath. A long hymn of 16 st. of 4 1. given In the new 
and Improved ed. of Jtippvrt, 1837, No. &53, Pt. ii. with 
the heading, " The dying Christian bidding adieu tu the 
world." This hymn had previously appeared in tbe 
Baptist He ffister, 1705, 

It was as a writer of Welsh hymns, how- 
ever, that Francis excelled. In 1774 ho pub. 
his Alleluia, nea ifymnau 2>tTt%)K)I i -4<MoJ- 
t'ari Cyhoeddns (Hymn* pertaining to Public 
Worship). To this lie contributed 103 hymns. 
A second volumo appeared in 1786, to which 
he contributed 91 hymns, being a total of 194. 
in nil [a. Mas.]. Of these many arc still in C, V. 
in Wales, the most popular being : — 

1. Clod i'r bendlgcdlg Oen— a oddefodd. 

a. Deffro 'nghalon, deffro 'nghan— i ddyrchsfu. 

3. *>wynfydy dyn agred yn Nuw, 

4. Argtwydd gTasol, clyw fy nghri— a'm grlddfanau. 
6. Wele gadnrn ej-lfaen Slon. [W. K, S.] 

Frandscl, Erasmus. [Knx.] 

Franck, Joharm, s. of Johanii Franck, 
advocate and councillor at Gnbon, Branchm- 
burg, was b. at Ruben, June 1, 1618. After 
his father's deatli, in 1620, his uncle by mar- 
riage, the Town Judge, Adam Tielckau, adopted 
him and sent him for his education to the 
schools at Guben, Cottbus, Stettin and Thorn. 
On June 28, 1638, he matriculated as a student 
of law at the University of Konigsberg, the 
only German university left undisturbed by 
the Thirty Years' War. Here his religious 
spirit, his love of nature, and his friendship 
with such men as Simon Dach and Heinrich 
Held, preserved him from sharing in the es- 
cesses of Mb fellow-students. He returned to 
Guben at Easter, 1610, at the urgent request 
of his mother, who wished to have him near 
her in those times of war during which Guben 
frequently suffered from the presence of both 
Swedish and Saxon troops. After his return 
from Prag, May, 1645, he commenced practice 
as a lawyer. In 1618 he became a burgess 
and councillor, in 1061 burgomaster, and in 
1671 was appointed the deputy from Guben to 
the Landtag (Diet) of Lower Lueatia. He d. at 
Guben, June 18,1677: and on the bicentenary 
of his death, Juno 18, 1877, a monumental 
tablet to his memory was affixed to the outer 
wall of the Stadtkirclie at Guben (A'ocft, iii. 
378-385; Allg. Deutuche Stag., vii. 211-212; 
the two works by Dr. Hugo Jentsch of Guben, 
Joltarm Franck, 1877, and Die Abfanwtgueit 
der geistliclten Lieder Johann Franeks, 1876). 

Of Franck's secular poems those before 1649 are 
much the beet j hia later productions becoming more 
and more affected and artificial, long-winded and full of 
classical allusions, and much Inferior to those of I>ach 
or Oplt£. As a hymn-writer he holds a higfi rank and is 
distinguished for unfeigned and Ann faitb, deep earnest- 
ness, finished form, and noble, pithy, simplicity of 
expression. In bis hymns we miss tbe objectivity and 
congregational character of tbe older German hymns, 
and notice a more personal. Individual tone ; especially 
the longtng for tbe inward and mystical union of Christ 



FBANCK, JOHANN 

with the soul as In his "Jesus, meine Freude." Kg 
stands In close relationship with Oerhardt, sometimes 
more soaring and occasionally more profound, but 
neither on the whole so natural nor so suited for popular 
comprehension or Church use. 

His hymns appeared mostly in the works of 
his friends "Weichmaun, Criiger and Peter, 
They were collected in his Qetitlichet Sion, 
Guben, 1671, to the number of 110 ; and of 
these tbe 57 hymns (the other 53 beiug psalm 
versions of no great merit) were reprinted with 
a biographical preface by Dr. J. L. Paeig as 
Johann Francts GeisUiehe Lieder, Grimma, 
1816. Two of those tr. into English are from 
the Latin of J. Campanus (q. v.). Four other 
hymns arc annotated under their own first 
lines; — "Brunquell nller Giiter" ; "Dreiei- 
nif^koit der Gottheit walrrer Spiegel " ; " Jesu, 
moino Ficudc"; "Schmiicke dieh, o liebo 
Seelc." The rest are ; — 

i. Hymns in English C. U. 

i, Erweitert eur* Pfartan. [Advent. - ] Founded 
on Ps. uiv. 7-10. 1st pub. in C. Peter's An- 
daahts-Zymljeln, Freiberg, 1G55, p. 25, in 7 st.of 
8 1. ; repeated 1674, p. 3, and 1816, p. 3, as 
above. Included iu the 1688 and later eds, of 
Criiger's Praxis pieiatis, in Bollhagen's G. B., 
1736, &c. The only tr. in C, U. is :— 

Unfold yonr gatA and open, a tr. of si. 1, 3, 6, 
by A, T. Russell, ns Ko. 30 in his Ps. f Byt^ 
1851 ; repeated altered as Ko 30 in Kennedy, 
1863, and thus ns Ko. 103 iu Holy Sang, 1369. , 

ii, Kerr Gott dioh loben wir, Kegisr, Thanks- 
giving for Peace. Evidently written as a thanks- 
giving for the conclusion of the Thirty Years' 
War, by the Pence of Westphalia, Oct. 24, 1643. 
1st pub. in the Criger-Bvmge 0. B., Berlin, 
1653, Ho. 306, in 9 st. of 8 1„ as the first of the 
"Hymns of Thanksgiving for Peace attained"; 
and repeated 1674, p. 182, and 1846, p. 77, us 
above. Included in Criiger's Praxis, 1653, and 
many later collections, and, as No. 591, in the 
E7nt>. L. &, 1851. The only tr. in C. 0. is !— 

lord Clod, we warship Thee, a very good version 
of st, 2, 3, 6, 8, bv Miss Winlcworth iu her C. B. 
for Engtand, 1863, No. 183. Kepeated in full 
in the S. P. C. K. Ch. Hys., 1871 ; the Hymnary, 
1872 ; the Psalmi$t t 1878; and in America, iu 
the Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868. In the 
American Prot. Epis. Coll., 1871 ; the Hys. 4 
Songs of Praise, N. T. 1874 ; and the Ohio Luth, 
By!., 1880, the tr. of st, 8 is omitted. 

til. Hen ioh nahe miasgebajidelt. Irfnt. Of 
this line hymn of penitence St. i. appeared ns 
No. 19 in Criiger's GeistlicJa? Kirchenmelodien, 
Leipzig, 1649. The full form in 8 st. of 6 1. is 
No. 41 in the Criger-Bunge Q. B., Berlin, 1653, 
entitled " For the forgiveness of sins," repeated 
1674, p. 39, and 1846, p. 37, as above. Included 
in Criiger's Praxis, 1653, and others, and in 
the Unv. X. S. 1851. The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

Lord, to Thee I make oonfeaaion, a very good tr., 
omitting st. 4, 5, 6, by Miss Winkworth in her 
C. B. for England, 1863, No. 44, repeated in the 
Appendix to the Eyl. for St. John's, Aberdeen, 
1865-1870 ; and in the Pennsylvania Lath. CA. 
Bk., 1868; Evaag. Hyi., N. Y\, 1880; Ohio 
Luth. Hyl., 1880. Another tr. is : " Lord, how 
oft 1 have offended," by N. L. Frothingham, 
1870, p. 177. 

Ir, Berr Jem, lioht der Rtiien, Presentation 
in the Temple. Founded on the account in Sta 



FRANCK, MICHAEL 

inke ii., mid probably the finest hymn on the 
subject. Dr. Jentseh, 1876, p. 9, thinks it was 
written before Dec. 8, 1669, as C. Peter, who d. 
then, left a melody for it. We have not found 
the full text earlier than 1 674, as above, p. 10, in 
6 sL of 8 ]., entitled "On the Festival of the 
Purification of Mary" (1846, p. 10). Included 
in the 1688 and later eels, of Criiger's Pruxis, 
and in the tTnv. L, S., 1851, No. 197. The trs, 
in C. U. are : — 

1. light of the dentil* world, n tr., omitting 
st. 6, by Miss Winkworth in the 1st ser. of her 
Lyra tier,, 1855, p. 193 (ed. 1876, p. 195), and 
thence as No, 147 in the Pennsylvania tilth. 
H. Bh., 1865. This version is in S.M. Double. 

S. Light of the Gentile Hatiens, a good tr., 
omitting st. 6, by Miss Winkworth in her C. B. 
for England, 1863, No. 80. Repeated in Dr. 
Thomas's Augustine H. Bi., 1866, and in America 
in the Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bh., 1868, and the 
Ohio Luth. Hyl^ 1880. 

il. Hymns not in English C. U. 

t, Dn goballtes TTeitgebeude. Christ abate aU 
earthly thiagt, St. i. fn Criiger's Kirchennulodien, 
184*, Ho. 116. The full text (beginning "Du o 
scbimes) is No, JM in the Cnlgtr-Jinnae G. B„ 1653, 
In 8 at., entitled "Longing after Eternal Life." He* 
pelted, 1S.T4, p. 194, and 1846, p. BO, as above. The tr*. 
are: (i) "Let wbowill in thee rejoice," by Mi« Wink- 
mriH, 135S, p. 130 (1«JS, p. 192). (a) "O beautiful 
abode of earth," by Mitt Warner, IB58 {1801, p. 133). 
(3) "Thou, O fair Creation- building," by ft. t. 
rrotkxnffhant, 1 070, p. 232. 

vi. Unsre muden Augaolieder, Evmiptf. Pro- 
bably written while a student at Kwiigsberg. 1st pub. 
In J. Weicbnmnn's Strgen-Ijigeriiii Kunlgsbetg, 1048, 
Pt. 111., No, 4, in Tst.j repeated 1074, p. 213, and 18 «, 
p. 9), as above. The only tr. is by U. J. Etakoll, 1841, 
p. is, beginning with st. vi., "Ever, Lord, on Thee 
relying." [J. M,] 

Franck, Michael, e. of Sebastian Franck, 
merchant at Schleusingen, was b. at Schleu- 
gingen, March 16, 1609. At the Gymnasium 
of his native town ho made good progress, but 
at bis father's death it was found possible only 
to give his brothers Sebastian and Peter a 
university education. Michael was accordingly 
apprenticed to a baker, and in 1623 became a 
matter baker at Schleusingen, Reduced to 
poverty by the Bufferings of war, he fled in 
1640 to Coburg, was there kindly received by 
one of the master bakers, and in i644, some* 
what unexpectedly, was appointed master of 
the lower classes m the town school He d. 
at Coburg Sept. 24, 1667 (Koch, iii. 135-441 ; 
AUg. Deutsche Biog., vii. 2B9-260). 

He was a friend of Dach and Ncumark . was in iocs 
crowned by Klst as a poet, and afterwards received into 
his order of Elbe Swans. In his times of' trial he found 
consolation in hymn-writing. Wblle many ot his pieces 
are crude la form and expression, some are yet popular In 
style, and are lull of faith. 

The best of his hymns probably is : — 
Ach wis niiohtigJ aeh wis niohtig! [For the 
Dying.'] Appeared as the third of throe hymns 
Eiy Franck pub. with music in four parts at 
Coburg, 1653, entitled Die Eiteiieit, Faischheit 
und Unbest&ndigiteit der Welt [Wernlgerode], in 
13 st. In bis Geistlkhes Harpffen-Sptei, Coburg, 
1657 [GothaJ No. 24 with the motto 
"Iter Mensch nnd all sein Than must mit der Zelt 
hergehn; 
TVer Butt und Ootteamroht recht llebt, wird ewig 



FRANCK, SALOMO 



387 



Repeated in Criiger's Praxis, 1661, No. 530, and 
many subsequent collections, as in the Vnc. 



L. S. t 1851, No. 803. It is a powerful picture 
of the vanity and nothingness of this world and 
all its treasures. The only tr. in C. U. is : — 

how cheating, how floating, Is, &c. In foil 
by Sir J, Bowriug in his Hymns, 1825, No. 35. 
The trs. of st. i., iii., iv., xiii. were included in 
Cnrtis's Union Coll., 1827, and of st. i.-4v., ilii. 
in the Plymouth Coil., 1855. 

Another tr. is : "Ahhow aeettng.abbow cheating," 
by If. L. frothingham, 1810, p. 1S3, [J, Jl.f 

Franok, Salomo, a. of Jakob Franok, 
financial secretary at Weimar, was b. at Wei- 
mar, March 6, 1659. Little is known of his 
early history. He probably studied at Jena, 
and seems thereafter to have held some ap- 
pointment at Zwiekau. In 1689 he became 
secretary of the Schwarzburg ducal adminis- 
tration at Arnstadt ; and in 1697 of the Saxon 
administration and of the consistory at Jena. 
He was then, in 1702, appointed secretary of 
the consistory, librarian, and curator of the 
ducal collection of ooins and medals at Weimar. 
He. d. at Weimar July 11, 1725 (Koch, \. 
420-426 ; Ally. Deutsche Biog., vii 213-214 ; 
Scliaucr's introduction, &c) 

He was a member of the Frultbearlng Society, and the 
author of a considerable number of secular poems, which 
are almost all " occasional " pieces and now forgotten. 
A diligent worker and a man of true piety, be had 
severe fatally afflictions to bear, and an undercurrent of 
meditation on death is present in many of his hymns. As 
a hymn-writer be is distinguished for esse and correctness 
of stylet for adaptation to popular understanding and 
to congregational singing ; for his love of adding retrains 
to his oyrnns \ and for his happiness in word*palnting 
and In setting forth contrasts. 

Of his hymns (about 330 in all) which still 
continue in use in Germany, the most impor- 
tant appeared in his (1) GeistlicJte Poetic, 
Weimar, 1685, and in his (2) Geisl- und Weti- 
tiche FoetUn, vol. i,, Jena, 1711 ; vol. ii, Jena, 

1716. A selection of 46 of his Geistliche 
Liedsr with a biographical and critical intro- 
duction by Dr. J. K. Scliauer appeared at 
Halle, 1855. Eight of his hymns have passed 
into English, as follows : — 

i. Hymns in English C. U. 

i, Aoh Oott verlaia mien nlaht. Supplication. 
A beautiful hymn of supplication for Clod's help 
founded on Ps, xxxviii, 22, It is No. 1 in the 
Appendix to the Anderer Theit des Na.umb»rg~ 
tsoAen Gesang Bvehs. Naumbnrg, 1714^ p. 106, 
in 5 st. of 8 1., marked " Salomon Francke " (ed. 

1717, p. 487, marked " Gottgelassen Unvcr- 
lassen, Salomon Francke.") The editor of this 
collection, J, M. Schamelius, who was one of the 
best hymnologists of the time, evidently thus 
believed that it was by Franc 1 ;, but it has not 
yet been found in any work pub. by Franck 
himself. Each st. begins and ends with "Ach 
Gott verlass mich nicht," It is included in 
Schauer's introduction, and in many recent 
hymnals, as in the Berlin G. £., 1829, the 
WSrttemberg G. B., 1842, Hannow G. B., 1SB3, 
&c. The trs. in C. U. arc :— 

1. Itoreake me net, my 0*1. A full and good 
but rather free tr. in the Family Treasury (Edin- 
burgh : Nelson), 1859, pt. ii. p. 168, and thence, 
in Boardman's Setection, Phil., U.S., 1861, and 
in the Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bh., 1868. 

£. O God, forsake ma not! Thine hud, by 
M. W. Stryker, in his H>J3, and Verses, 1883, 
p. 32, and repeated in his Christian Chorals, 1885. 

ii. Ieh weisa ss wird mein Bade kommen, Fbr 
3C3 



388 



PBANOK, SALOMO 



the Dying. 1711, as above, p. 91, in 7 st. of 6 1., 
entitled "The author's daily dying thoughts." 
Included by Schauer, 1855, p. 79; iu Burg's 
G. B., Breslau, 1746, &c The tra. in C. U. are :— 

1. I knew my end m <u* surely some. A tr. of 
it. i., vii.,in 2 stof 6-S's, by Hits Winkworth,in 
the 2nd series of her Lyra Ger., 1858, p. 203. 
Thence in the Ps. # Hys., Bedford, 1859, and in 
America in the Pennsylvania Luth, Ck. Bk., 1868. 

1, X know Uia doom that must befall me. This 
is the above tr., rewritten by Miss Winlcworth to 
the original metre, and given in her C. B. for 
England, 1863, No. 185. To this Irs. of st. iii., 
iv., vi. t were added, and the others altered and 
beginning, " I know full well death mnst befall 
me," included in the Ohio Luth. Hyl., 1880. 

iii. Be ruheet An, o meine Huh, Easter Eve. 
1685, as above, p. 29, in 7 st. of 4 1., entitled 
"On the burial of Jesus." It isn beautiful hymn 
on the entombment of Christ, founded ou list's 
"0 Traurigteit " (q. v.). iDclnded in Schauer, 
1655, p. 44, and in many German collections, as 
the Una. L. 8., 1851, No. 118. 

Frequently it appears in altered forma. Thus J, A. 
Schlegel, 1766, p. as, altered it to "So schlummerst dn 
tn stiller Bub. and tbe Berlin G. B., 1(80, No. 102, 
further altera It to "Zur (Jrabesruh entscbliefest du." 

The trs. in 0. (J., all from the original, are : — 

1, Theu who halt bleat my aoul with rest, a good 
tr., omitting St. ii., v., by A. T, Kus&eli, as No. 
103 in his Pt. $ Hys., 1851. 

S. Thou TCStost la the tomb beneath, a good tr., 
omitting st. ii., v., as No. 83 in J. F. Thrunp's 
Ps. tt Hys., 1853. 

S. Kest of the weary ! Thou, a somewhat ex- 
panded version, omitting st. iii, by iMiss Wiuk- 
worth in her Lyra Ger., 1st series, 1855, p. 85, 
repeated in the Pennsylvania Luth. Ch, Bk., 18o8. 

4. Bo rest, my Beit! a very good tr., omitting 
st. iii., by B. Massie, as No. 93 in the ed., 
1857, of Mercer's C. P. J- H. Bk, (Ox. ed., 18H4, 
No. 184). This has been included in Chope's 
Hyl., 1863; Kennedy, 1863; the Hymnaiy, 
1872; Turing's Coll., 1880-82, &c; and in 
America iu the Ecang. Hyl., N. Y., 1880, and 
Laudes Dutnini, 1884. The form in Alloa's 
Suppl. Hys., No 324, is a recast partly taken 
from Miss Wiukworth's tr. of " Nun gingst aueh 
du" (see Struma, T. V.\ 

Other ba. an : (I) " Now to the tomb Tbyself art 
oome," from Schlegel, by Dr. H. IfiUt, 184S hme, p. 
31»), (a) "So dost Tbourest,"in the*K«rt BtraXd, 
Dec., 18W, p. 37e. repeated aa No. 421 Is Reld'e eraitt 
Bk. t 187s. (3) " So thou art resting, my Rest." In 
the BritUk Herald, April, 18OT, p. S3. 

ii. Hymnt not in English C. U. 

iv, Ash waa iat dash nnare Zeit- tor tin Dying. 
1SB3, aa above, p. £4, In £ at., and Schauer. p. 31, each 
at. ending " Hensch, bedenhe docb, daa Ende." Tr. aa 
" Oh ! what is human life below," by Mies Cox in Lyra 
Mettianica, lgat, p. *T, repeated in her B. from, tie 
Genum, IBM, p. 139. in tbe original metre, beginrjinp, 
" What is human life below." Also tr. by Mltr /lunn, 
ISM, p. S3 ; and by E. Maaie, 18*7, p. 3, 

v. Oott, du lioht, da* ewia; bleibet. Homing. 
1716, as above, p. ISO, In A at., entitled " Morning Devo- 
tion," and In Schauer, p. 4. Tr. by H. J. Bveleoil, 1B43, 
p. 12 ; and by Jftit Maaington, 1863, p. 120. 

vii HeU'ger Tiach I Don Jeaue deoket* Jfitly 
CemnuMitm. 1711, as above, p. W, In t at., entitled 

* Another Communion Meditation." In Schauer, p. 67. 
Tr. u, " This holy feast, by Jeans apread," by Miss Cox, 
In Lyra JSueiaritiico, 1BS3, p. 173. 

via, leh weiaa, aa kann mir ndahta a^aohelien. 
ttai't Guidance. 1711, as above, p. Ml, in 6 st. (II. S, 

* of each st. being a refrain), entitled " On tbe words 
of Fa. lxiill. S3, 24." In aebmer, p. si, Tr. by Mitt 
Munlngton, lses, p. as. 



FRASCKB, AUGUST H. 

viii. Kein Oott, wis Mat du » verborgeu. Pro- 
oidnux. 1711, as above, p. 7S, in 6 st. (11. 6, 6 of each 
at. being a relraln), entitled " Tbe wonderfully blessed 
leading* of tlod. In StAnuer, p. 16. IV. by Jfiii 
Maningtm, ISSS, p. 7. [J. JL] 

Franoke, August Hermairn, i, of 
Joheuu Fnmcke, a lawyer in Lubock, was b. 
at Liibech, March 22, 1683. He studied at 
the Universities of Erfurt, Kiel, and Leipzig, 
graduated H.A. at Leipzig, 1685, and ilu're- 
after leotured on Biblical subjects at Leipzig 
for some time. About Michaelmaa, 1687, he 
weut to Liiueburg to work under the pious 
superintendent C. H. Sandhagen ; aud there 
white composing his first sermon (on Si John 
xx. 31) he underwent that change which made 
him call Luneburg hii spiritual birthplace. 
After spending the greater part of 1688 at Ham- 
burg, ha stayed two months with P. J. Spcucr,at 
Dresden, and then returned about Lent, 1689, 
to Leipzig, where he resumed his Biblioal lec- 
tures until tho old orthodox party procured an 
edict forbidding them in the beginning of 1600. 
On March 10, 1690, he received a coll to be- 
come dioeonus of the Augustine Church at 
Erfurt, and there, by his stirring exhortations to 
renewal of heart, living faith and holy life, he 
drew many, even Roman Catholics, around 
htm, but by a combination of the old orthodox 
Lutherans with the Romanists ho was expelled 
from Erfurt, Sept. 27, 16"91. After a lengthened 
visit to 1*. J. Spener, then Probst of St Nicho- 
las's Church, Berlin, lie was appointed by tho 
Elector of Brandenburg, Dec. 22, 16*91, as pro- 
fessor of Greek and the Oriental languages, 
and in 1698 ordinary professor of Theology in 
the University of Halle ; being also appointed 
in 1691 preacher at St. George's Church, in 
Glaucha (suburb of Halle), a post which ho 
exchanged in 1715 for tho pastorate of St. 
Ulrich's, Halle. After his loft side was para- 
lysed in Nov. 1726, he patiently endured much 
suffering tiU his death on Juno 8, 1727, at 
Halle {Koch, iv. 305-822 ; AUg. Deutsche Btog., 
Tii. 219-231). 

Francke was the spiritual eon of P. J. Spener, and 
became one of tbe leaders iu the "PieUatk" movement 
which ao powerfully influenced Germany, 1S80-17&O, 
raised tbe tone of the community after tbe depression of 
tbe Thirty Years' War, revived tbe educational system, 
began systeniatio jprovislon for the poor, and refined and 
purified domestic fife. Francke was the spiritual leader 
and teacher, and under him and the baaa of professors 
that gathered to Halle, Halie became tbo headquarters 
of Pietism. During his time Halle sent out some eOOO 
graduates in theology, men Imbued with his spirit, good 
exegetes, .and devoted pastors, who apread their doc- 
trines all over Germany, and in the earrj decades of tbe 
18th cent, occupied a majority of tbe pulpits. 

The extensive buildbiigi at Halle, which now beer 
tbe title of the " Franeke Institutions," are a monu~ 
ment of bis simple faith and philanthropic seal. He 
began at Easter, 1S9S, by opening a room in his house 
lor instructing tbe poor children of Glaucha, with a 
capital of about thirteen ehilllnga. About Whltann- 
tlde, 18»S, were tbe beginnings of the Paedagoglnin, 
16B7 of tbe Latin School, 1698 of tbe bookselling and 
apothecary bnalneasea, 170B of the mission to the Eut 
Indies, 1710 of the Bible Society. On a place formerly 
occupied by beer and dancing- gardens, the foundation 
stone of tbe great Orphanage was laid July 13, !s*s, in 
a spirit of humble fsitb in God and fervent prayer, 
trusting to Him for the means to pay for tbe work as 



It progressed ; and week by -week aa they were needed 
tbe suppllea came in from tar aud near. In this work, 
as in regard to his sermons and lecturea, Francke 
bad great opposition to meet, but the Commission of 
Enquiry which hla enemies procured resulted In a 
cabinet ordsr of 1703, which is tbe Charter of his Insti- 
tutions. In 173T there were 131 orphans in the orphan- 
age ; and besides these SMI scholar* In the various 



FRANCKE, AUGUST H. 



FRENCH ttYMNODY 



389 



. of whom some 380, as veil M Ml 
poor students, received datly rations ; while In 1883 tbe 
value of the buildings wu about £4S,000., and newly 
s&oo scholars received instruction. 

Distinguished as a professor, as a philanthio- 
put, as a pastor, and Ma preacher of gospel sim- 
plicity and soul-stirring earnestness, Francke 
was not prolific as a hymn-writer. Only three 
hymns are known by him, two of which are : — 

f. Oottbb tin Sehritt mr Ewifkait. Jfew Year. 
let pub. in his SchrifftmSisige Anvceiswg recht 
mdGott uotgtfSIlig xu beten, Halle, 1695, p. 534, 
in 12 at. of 7 ]., as a " Morning and Evening " 
hymn, entitled "The Voice of the Bride ('When 
shall 1 come and appear before God ? '), which 
•he raises as often as she completes a step of her 
mortal life ; and may be used by an upright and 
believing soul instead of the [usual] morning 
and evening hymn, as also at other times." 

Keprinted in the Geistreiches G. B., Halle, 
1697, p. 294, Freylinghaosen's Q. B., 1704, &&, 
and is Mo. 623 in the Urn. L. 8., 1851. 

According to Koch, vilL 1JS-1VS, It wu written tin- 
mediately after his expnlaLon from Erfurt, Sept 3T, 
1SSI, while on big -war to bia mother's home at tiotha, 
and " in the experience of tbe overflowing consolation 
of tbe Holy Spirit." In the spirit of bis favourite 
motto, " Qnocunque die ante aeternitatem uno stamua 
pede," and based on 2 Cor. v. 6 and Rev. xxli. 11-M, it 
la modelled on a hymn by J. V. Andrea, 1636. 
" Gottlob eln Schritt iur Ewigkelt 
let sbermals vorbeL" 
Each adds that in his lifetime Ftvocke fonnd cases where 
tbda bvpin bed been blessed, that two days before bis 
death be caused the hymn to be read to biro, and Bald, 
" My faithful Jesus, I have given myself to Thee, soul 
and body tlut la lure ; " and that on the day .on whlcb 
be died, Jane 8, nar, this hymn was one of those sung 
at the choir meeting at Hcrrnhut, 

The trs. in 0. TF, are :— 

1. Thank Ood, that towards eternity, a fall and 
good tr. by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyr<i Ger., 
2nd series, 1858, p. 9. Iu 1860, 11. 1-4 of st. 
!., tr,, vi,, viii., greatly altered, and beginning, 
"Bless God, that towards eternity," were in- 
cluded us No. 74 in the Amer. Epis. Hys. for 
Ch, and Home. 

t. Oh wouldst thou in Thy glory ooms, a tr. of 
st. iv., vii.-iL, founded by Miss Winkworth on 
her 1858 version, and given as No. 17a in her 
C. B. for England, 1863. 

Othar trs, are : m " Another step is made with 
God," In tbe Sum*, a Gtr. Ftahtiody, ed. lis:, p. so. 
Previously in sSect Hyi. from Ger, P tal., Tranquebar, 
17*4, p. JB. (XI " Thank God ! towards Eternity," by 
J. Gambobl, as No. sag in pt. 1. of the Koravian jr. St., 
mi(18S6, No. 1132). (3) "Thank God! another stage 
of time," by Dr. H. Hills, 1856, p. 2IT. 

£i- "Was von susaen und von tmwn. Cross and 
Consolation, k fine hymn of Trust in God, 
founded on Pa. lxii. 5-8. Written in memory 
of Eleonore, nee Kabitz, wife of J. H. Michnelis, 
professor at Halle, .md appended to the funeral 
sermon preached by Francke on Ps. lxii. 2, in 
St. George's Church, Glnucha, Nov. 1, 1711. In- 
cluded as No. 500 in Freylinghausen's Irenes 
geistreiches Q. B., 1714, in 9 St. of 8 ]., and 
recently as Ko. 2250 in Knapp's Ev. L. 8., 
1837(1865, No. 1997). 

Laufmann, in Eot\, viii. 606-512, speaks of tbb bidy 
as one who suffered severe afflictions, but " what from 
without or from within pressed on ber soul sbe bore In 
quiet waiting on tbe help of the Lord, of Wbom sbe 
could at last gratefully say ' He bath done all things 
well.' " Lmamaum adds, "This hymn b also a beau- 
tiful clear mirror of Francke's own tbongbt and conver- 
sation, heart and life experiences." In his SegcntvotU 
Ftuutajifen, 1T09, he was able already to relate thirty 
Instances in which tbe Lord had enabled him to receive. 



exactly at the time when he needed It, pecuniary help " 
tn answer to bta prayers daring the training and con- 
ducting of tbe great Orphanage at Halle. 

Of this hymn, (which should be read with 
the history of his great work at Halle) the 
only tr. in 0. U. is : — 

What within m* and without, a good and full 
tr, by Miss Winkworth in the 1st ed. of her 
Lyra Ger., 1855, p. 126 (st. iii. being added in 
the 2nd ed., 1856), and thence as So. 139 in 
her C. B. for England, 1863. With the altered 
first line, " Lord, Thou urt my Rock of strength," 
three centos are in American C. U. : — 

1. St. tl., iv., vlt„ ix, to noerdnun'e&E., FfaiL, 1SS1. 

a. St. 11., vli., Ix. In the Pennsylvania Lutb. <*. Bit., 
1MB, Dutch Reformed JSys. of (Ac Cftxrdt, IBS*, and 
Richarda's Coll., 1BS1. 

a. St, ii., iv., be . in KoHnsoo's Smtgifor tkt Sanetutery, 
IMS, and the At. <t Smat of Fmitt, N. Y., 1814. 

[J. M.] 

Franklin, Jonathan (b, 1760, d. 1833), 
was originally minister of a Baptist church at 
Croydon, but in 1808 removed to Redcross 
Street Chapel, London, where he remained 
until death. His Hys. & Spiritual Songs 
were pub. in 1801, and reprinted in 1810 and 
1812. As a hymn-writer he is known by 
three hymns only, of very moderate quality, 
which appear as the closing hymns of Pt, i. of 
later editions of W. Gndsby's Stl., 1st ed., 
1814. [W. B. S.] 

Free, yet in chains, the mountains 
stand. /. Montgomery, [Christian Union.'} 
Written for the Sheffield Sunday School Union, 
Whitsuntide gathering, 1887, and printed on 
a flyleaf for that occasion, [u. use.] It was 
included in his Original Hymns, 1853, No. 154, 
iu 6 st of 4 1., and headed, " Christian Union 
symbolized by Natural Objects." In the 
Scottish Evang. Union Hyl., 1878, it begins, 
" Free, though in chains, the monntains stand." 
Tliis reading is found in soma copies of tlio 
Original Hymns, but is not the original text 

[J. J.] 

Freeman, Enoch W,, was for some time 
Baptist Minister at Lowell, Maine, U.S. He 
edited a Set. of Hymns, 1829-31, to which ho 
contributed 7 of his own. Of these, "Hither 
we come, our dearest Lord," is still in C. U. 

Freeman, James, d.d. Born at Charles- 
town, Mass., April 22, 1759, and graduated at 
Harvard, 1777. He was " the first avowod 
preacher of Unitariauism in thcUnited States." 
In 1782 he was " Bender " in King's Chanel, 
and assisted or guided that historic parish in 
its change from Episcopacy to the then new 
ways iu teaching and discipline. In 1787 he 
was " ordained, and retained Hie pastorate 
of the King's Chapel till 1826. He altered 
its Liturgy, and prepared for its use the 
King's Chapel Coil, of Ps. * Hys„ 1799. Died 
Nov. 14, 1835. His hymn, " Lord of the 
worlds below," is based on Thomson's " Hymn 
on the Seasons." It appeared in the Ps. <t 
Hjf«., 1799, and is found in various collections. 
Orig, text in Putnam's Singers and Songs of 
the Liberal Faith, 1875. [F. M. B.] 

French Hyranody. The great develop- 
ment of French hymns, alike in the Roman 
Church and the Reformed Church of France, 
began with the pieeeut century. It has not 
been practicable to obtain detailed information 
about the Roman Catholic hymns; the few 



990 



FRENCH HYMNODY 



details tluvt aro given are due to the kindness 
of Rev. Louie Mijola, Priest of the Church of 
Notre Dame des Yietojres, London. The his- 
tory of the hymns of the .Reformed Church has 
been investigated by M. Atger in Hisioira et 
Role des Gunfiques dans les eglises reformees. 
The hymns of the ISth and earlier centuries 
have been treated in a series of oiticleB in the 
Semeur, May-August, 1837, kindly presented 
by the author, M Henri Lntteroth, editor of 
the Chants Chretiens. Much has been derived 
torn these sources in the following pages, 
i, Latin Hymns. 
Translations of the Latin hymns have been 
less general in France than in England. The 
vernacular editions of The Hours of the 
Virgin Mary often have only prose renderings. 
So also hove the modern "paroissieus," and 
the splendid L'Annee Liturgique by Dom 
Gueranger. A tr. of Hymnes Commune de 
I'Annee, by Nicolas Mauroy, appeared in 1527. 
Guy le Fevre de la Bodene pub. among other 
pieces designed to supplant Marat's psalms, 
several trs. {Hymnes Ecclesiastiques, 1578, 
2nd ed. 1582), by the command of Henry IH, 
Lemaistre de Saei pub. Hymnes de Teglise 
pour hmte I'annee at the end of hia Heures 
de Port-royal (1650). Rival translations were 
made by the Jesuits in consequence of the 
success of this book (30 eds.). Baeine tr. 
hymns from the Breviary, which were pub. in 
an edition of The Breviary by Nicolas Le 
Touraeux, afterwards condemned by the Arch- 
bishop of Paris (1688). Corneille also tr. all 
the Breviary hymns in L'Ojflee de la Sainte 
Vierge (1670), and Louis Chassnin in his Let 
Hymna et les Proses de VOMce Vivin, Lyons, 
1695. Recently a number of the Latin hymns 
have been tr. in Becaeil de Po&ies Lyriques, 
1854, by M. J. M. Hainglaiso. 

it. lloman Caiholie Hymns. 

1. Several of the carols still in use arc said 
to be of great antiquity, and these are pro- 
bably onlysurvivols of more general vernacular 
hymns. They are found in several patois, as 
well as in the general language. The earliest 
hymns that wc aro able to specify in this 
sketch are the Cantiques Spirituels, by Guy 
le Fevre de la Boderio (1578), consisting of trs. 
from Pmdentins, Vidas and Petrarch, and 
some paraphrases of Scripture songs, along 
with the Latin trs. (§ i.). La Fhilomete 
Seraphique,'by a Capuchin, Jean l'Evangeliate 
(1G32), dedicated to Louise de Lorraine, niece 
of Henry III.'s queen, and set to secular tunes, 
is a Jansenist book, with a mystic tone. 

2, The great poet Jean Racine has left four 
very free paraphrases of Holy Scripture, two 
of which, "Doue du laugage des anges" (1 
Cor. xiiL), and "Mon Dieu, quelle guerre 
eruelle" (Bom. vii. 18 scqu.), are still in use. 
They were composed for the ladies of St. Cyr 
(1689), and were favourites with Louis XIV. 
and Mme. de Maintenon. 

8. The poet Pierre Corneille vorsifled the 
Imitation of Christ, by Thomas a Kempis 
(1656). Wherever tlie thought takes the form 
of an address to God, the matter, frequently 
expanded by Corneille, has been often used as 
hymn material, from its devotional purity ftnd 
simple grace. "Parle, parte, Seigneur; ton 
eernteur ecoute" (Lib. 3, c. 2), "O Dieu de 



FRENCH HYMNODY 

verite*" (Lib. 1, c. 23), and "Source de toufl 
les biens " (Lib. 4, c. 10), are in most collec- 
tions. Three or fourothers are widely known. 
The tiiird of these has been tr. by Miss Anna 
Warner in Hys. of the Church Militant, New 
York, 1858, "Source of all good to which I 
aspire 1 ." 

4. Fe'nelon composed some hymns in the 
hope of replacing the licentious ballads of the 
Court One on the Passion is commended by 
M. Lutteroth, editor of the Chants Chr&iens. 
Fe'nelon repeated one of his own hymns on his 
deathbed. They are the hymns of sober 
Quietism. 

5. In connection with Fe'nelon stand the 
Cantiques Spirituels of Mme. Guyon, pub. in 
her Poesies (1648-1717) ; which have a special 
interest through CowpeW trs. They aro of 
considerable bulk, and comprise nearly 900 
pieces, written for the most part to popular 
ballad tunes, A large portion of them were 
composed during her imprisonment in the 
Ch&teau of Yincennes, often under circum- 
stances of extreme suffering and privation. 
That a spirit of real, though highly strained, 
devotion animates them will be universally 
allowed ; but the limited range of spiritual 
emotions which they repeat lias bo little in 
common with the active side of universal 
Christian life (being in some measure even 
peculiar to herself among the Quietist writers), 
and the literary expression is so poor, that 
they have gained no entrance into the circle of 
accepted French hymns. 

6. The Abbe Fellegrin pub. several volumes 
under the titles of Cantiques Spirituels ; Nog's ; 
Cantiques (1706-15), under the patronage of 
Mme. de Maintenon. They consist of carols, 
Scripture narratives and hymns, on the Myste- 
ries of the Faith and religious and moral 
subjects, and are set to tunes of operas and 
vaudevilles. Some are still in use. 

7. In modem times the use of hymns in the 
Roman Church has grently increased. They 
aroused at missions, pilgrimages, and in tho 
churches. A collection was compiled as early 
as 1765 for the Seminary of St. Sulpice by 
Pere de la Tour. A piece of Voltaire, " En- 
tendons-nous toujours vanter," still remained 
in the ed. of 1883, Among the most esteemed 
hymns and recneils of the present day are the 
productions of Yen. Griguon de Muutfort, 
R. P. Hermann, and Marie Eustelle ; and the 
hymnals of St. Sulpice, R. P. Garin, R. P. 
Lanibilotte, and R. P. Hermann. (See nlso 
Dictiomiaire de Nolls et de Cantiques, Paris, 
1867, p. 740.) 

iii. Huguenot Hymns. 

1. In the 1st vol. of Lea Marguerites de la 
Marguerite des Princesses, by Marguerite de 
Valois, afterwords Queen of Navarre (pub. 
1547), there is a collection of sis Cantiques 
Spirituels, full of real and tender devotion — a 
strange contmst to the licentiousness of her 
Heptameron. Appended to her Miroir d'tine 
dme peckeresse (1533) there is L'Instruction 
et fmj 6?ung Ckre&tien by Clement Marot, 
containing the Pater Noster, Ace Maria, 
Credo, Benediction devant Mengier, Cmces 
pour wag enfant, and Sixain d'wng Cliresiien 
malade a son amy. Besa, at the request of 
the National Synod of Montauban, tr. the 



FRENCH HYMNODY 

SaincU Gantiquei (16 pieces), of 0. T. and 
N. T. (1595), which were eanotioned for 
private use by the Synod of Montpellier. 

2. M. Henri Bordier has pub. (Le Chanson- 
nier Huguenot, Paris, 1871, 4 books. Religious 
Chansons, Political Chansons, War Chansons, 
Chansons of Martyrdom) a selection from 9 
smalt books of chansons, ranging from 1532 to 
1597, with a valuable preface. Like kindred 
pieces in England and Germany, they natur- 
ally mingle satire and polemical invective 
with their religions elements. 

Some of the rellgloua pieces are paraphrases of Holy 
Scripture, others carols, others hymns, founded onpts- 
eages of Holy Scripture. Sometimes they transform 
for sacred use existing popular ballads. The most 
eminent writers are Antholoe Saunter, a friend of Farel ; 
Meithlen Mallngre, and Eustorg de Beaulien, friends of 
Xarot. In one of the prefaces there is the strongest 
passage to be found dealing with that desire which 
Sfarot, ->■-■■■-■•■ ■ — -- - 



FRENCH HYMNODY 



391 



Sternbold, Ooverdels, and Fenelon express to 

Lt the low ballads ("plelnea d'ordure et d'im- 

) by religions eonga. Though of small llteraty 



supplant the low ballads ("plelnea d'ordure et d'im- 
piete) by religious eonga. Though of email llteraty 
merit, M. Atger has culled out several verses and entire 



pieces, of simple fervour and freshness. The whole 
collection Is of great interest. 

3. Nicolas Dement, who collected a volume 
of poems in honour of Marguerite de Vaiois, 
and who had been preceptor to Jane Seymour 
in England, pub. OanUqvei et Noel* and Cm*- 
tioues d« premier avhtment de Jeeae-Chriet 
(1558), marked by considerable freshness and 
beauty, under the anagram, ConU cPAlrinoi*. 

4. Charles de Navieres tr. the Scripture 
Canticles (1 579). Cantiqaee a Vimitation de 
Salomon, et dee Pealmet de David by Etienne 
de Maizon Fleur (pub. posthumously 15%), 
were often reprinted in a curious volume 
entitled Cantiques du Sieur de Vatagres, et 
let Gantiqyet de Maizon Fleur. It contains, 
besides the pieces by these two authors, which 
arc full of allusion to the Huguenot sufferings 
(Vnlagres speaking of the glorification of the 
martyrs of St. Bartholomew), productions by 
Ives Rouapeau, a Calvinist of Geneva, and 
Antoine de la Rochechandieu "one of the 
founders of the Reformed Clmreh at Paris" 
(Atger). But in order to secure circulation 
among the Catholics, they are preceded by 
some fine selections from poets of the day in 
the Roman Church, among which are a beau- 
tiful poem by Philippe des Portes, and Ron- 
sard's eulogy of Charles IX. (!) Some touch- 
ing pieces, more meditative devotions than 
hymns, written in prison by Odet de la Noue, 
were pub., posthumously, by his friend le 
Bieur de la Violette (1594). Among several 
other names in M. Lutteroth's account of the 
17th cent., that of Francois Terond, who pub. 
(1721) with some Psalm versions 8 hymns, 
deserves special notice. Of these a morning 
hymn ("Uuo voix dans mon eoeur s'cveille "), 
an evening hyinn ("Seigneur, eoub ta sure 
eonduite,"), and one on the Resurrection 
("Jesus, por un supreme effort"), are in 
present use. 

iv. Beformed Cfturefc Hywmody. 

1. Until the early years of the 18th cent. 
Maiot and Beza's Psalter alone was used in 
the public worship of the Reformed Church, 
After the conclusion of his revision of the 
Psalter [Putters, Freneh, iii. 31, Pictet, with 
his colleagues Calandrin and Turretini, sug- 
gested to the Venentble Company at Geneva 
that it would be a "happy innovation" to 



add to it hymns, reproducing the words of 
the Gospel, after the precedent of the Lutheran 
Church. He was commissioned to make the 
attempt, and, in 1705, pub. anonymously 
Cinquante Qvatre Cantiqtiet Sacret pour let 
Priwiipales Solemnites (title-page of 1708 ed.). 
Of these, 12, which are either paraphrases or 
close deductions from Holy Scripture, were 
authorized for public worship; and these, or 
a slightly increased number, became an 
appendix to the Psalter throughout the 
Reformed Church. 

The hymns of Pictet are of three classes •. Scripture 
narratives,. Scripture paraphrases, and real hymns. The 
narratives, on the Nativity, Passion, Besurrcction, and 
Day of Pentecost, written at great length, but broken 
Into pauses for singing, have never had great circulation. 
But among the paraphrases, " Bent sort a Jamais to 
grand Dieu d h Iarael " (B cnedictus\ " Mon ccenr rempll 
dee biens que Dicn m'envoye (Jfvtanifi&W), "SoU 
attentif peuple fiddle " (Beatitudes), " A celui qui nons 
aeauvez" (itett. 1. 6, iv. 11), and "Grand Dien, nous te 
louons" (Jfe Jkwpt), are still current. And several of 
the hymns are classic pleoes. " Faisona eclater notre 
Joya, the Christmas hymn j " Faisona retentlr dans ce 
Jour," and " £ntounons dans ce jour un Candque nou- 
veau," for Easter ; "Venei Chretiens et contemplone," 
a dramatic hymn for the Ascension, and " Ceiebrons 
tons par noa touanges," for Pentecost,, are the fittest 
pieces uf sustained praise among French Hymns, 
"Esprit notre Createnr," which has resemblances to 
"YeniCreatOTi" "Seigneur mon Dleu, ma conscience, 11 
a prayer for repentance ; " Be tons lea blena source 
pure et feconde," for Pentecost ; " Peuple Chretien ton 
Sauveur charitable," and " Tea biena Dleu soot in- 
flnis," for the Lord's tiupper, are widely used for tlielr 
pure devotion. 

2. Not till the last quarter of the ISth cent, 
was any further addition of hymns authorized. 
Jean Dumas pub. at Leipzig (1774) a collec- 
tion of 807 hymns, which M Bovet and 
M. Atger commend to the attention of com- 
pilers. The Reformed Church at-Frankfurt, 
on its emancipation from conformity to tho 
Lutheran ritual, pub. in 1787 Wouveau Recueit 
de feemmes et Cantique», which was revised 
80 years afterwards by the Pastors Jean. 
Renaud and Manuel, and only in 1849 gave 
place to the good collection (289 pieces), 
drawn from modern sources, now in use. A 
collection wsb authorized at Berlin (1793), and 
replaced by a new ono in 1829. The Walloon 
Collection (pub. 1803) contains 133 hymns 
(20 of Pictet, a few of Terond, 40 of Frankfurt, 
1767, others from St. Gall, 1771, Berlin, Ac.) 
appended to its complete Psalter. (These 
details ore due to M. Bovet's kindness.) 

v. TheBiveil 

1. The greatest name in the history of 
French hymns is that of Cesar Malan (q.v.) 
of Geneva. The general store of hymns has 
grown up almost entirely from a number of 
small contributions; Malan alone emulates 
the wealth of production exhibitod by Watts 
or Wesley. Like Watts, he gave the first great 
impulse towards the general recognition of 
hymns in public worship ; like Charles Wesley, 
he was the poet and interpreter of a great re- 
ligious movement craving devotional expres- 
sion. The first idea of composing hymns seems 
to have been suggested to him by a friend in 
1821. 

His first volume, intended only for family use, Cun- 
tiqucz Chretiens pour lei devotion* 'domtztiqtui, con- 
taining 3o hymns, was pub. in 1S2S. Another ed., con- 
taining 100 hyrons„appeared in 1924. In the barmo- 
pised edition of these bymna arranged by WoliT Han- 
loch, a music master of Geneva (the melodies being by 
Malan himself), the original title is altered to one widen 



392 



FRENCH HYMNOD* 



Hslan bad given originally to s version of SO psalms 
(IBM), Chantt de SAm: and this title became die 
permanent Ob* ta the subsequent editions (1838, 300 
hymns \ 1833, £34 hymns ; 1830, 300 hymns). In 1837 
be publlsbed a volume of hymns and religious pieces 
Jar children, Jfrtaante Ch&ntt H {Skansont pietuet, 
35 being hymns and 25 songs and stories of religious 
tendency. Tbe 4tb ed. of these (1863), entitled JYr- 
Miers <1bcmti, is enlaced to the number of 126, of 
which K0 an "Hymnes et Centlques," Ot "Chansons 
pteuses," and 30 " Kectts pteux." The melodies In all 
these books are Hsiao's. Several otber hymns of his 
exist in km. His biographer estimates bis total of 
compositions st a thousand. Tbe bymns of Hslan are 
no longer the power *•* they were In the days of the 
Uevell. But a large number of them are still in use, 
and tbe entire hymnodv or the Reformed Church has 
been coloured by the Kevdl and Its Interpreter. Helen's 
hymns have been tr. Into English, first, Sj/mnt bjf the 
Bev. actor Mala* . . , Trtautattit into JfogJith Verte, 
183a, by Ingram Cobbin; and the-second, Lyra Euan* 
gOIca, by Hist Arnold, 1MB. 

2, Nest to Malan may be mentioned the 
leaser poets of the religious movement at 
Geneva at that time. Among the members 
of the Bible Class of Robert Haldane, which 
was the cradle of the movement in 1817, Ami 
Boot, H. EmpaytaK, Guera, Galland, and 
Merle d'Aubigne have contributed to the 
treasury of hymns. Henri Empaytuz com- 
piled a nymn-book for the Ghurch of Bourgde 
Four (1821). It was revised in 1836 by Guera, 
Rochat and Olivier for the vise of the Eglise 
Evnngelique of Geneva, and is still in use in 
the Egliaea Evtingeliquea of Geneva and 
Lyons. A rendering of tbe Te Deum by 
Kmpaytaz, " Grand Dieu nous te be'nissons," 
is very widely used. The work of Boat was 
mote that of a musician than a writer of 
hymns. Hia complete works were only pub. 
in 1806, under the title of Clwewn et Cantiquet 
Chritient. M. Atger saya that hi* hymns 
bear the mark of the Re'veil that gave them 
birth. The plaintive tones of that time are 
equally discernible in the hymns of Galland 
in Chantt Chretiens (Nob. 56, 72, 83). Two 
hymns by Merle d'Aubigne', the great his- 
torian, are in the Chant* Ckr&ien) (65, 115). 
Tho firat of them, " L'fiternel est ma part," 
is in many collections. To tliis period also 
belong the hymns of the devoted pastor in 
the High Alps, who died young, Felts Neff 
(1798-1829). Among them, " Crest Golgotha, 
tfeat lo Calvaire," and "Ne te d£sole point, 
Sion," are In common use. 

8. The nest marked epoch after the work 
of Blalan at Geneva was the publication at 
Paris of the Ofcanfs Chrettciu by M. Henri 
Lutteroth in 1831. It culled out, the choice 
pieces of the past (Racine, Corneille, Plctet, 
Terond, &c.) ; it added a number of hymns, 
which have sinoe passed into wide circulation; 
and the music to which tbe hymns were set 
was greatly admired. The book has under- 
gone modifications in its many editions ; but 
in its dofinitive shape, attained in 1855, it 
contains 200 pieces, among which are hymns 
by Clot hi, Chavithnes, Yinet, Adolphe Monod, 
Scherer, &o. Forty-four are by M. Lutteroth 
himself, of which the 165th, "Alleluia! 
Gloire et lonanges ; " 20th, " C'est moi, e'est 
moi, qui vous console," 14th, * C'est un rem- 
part que notre Dieu ; " and 23rd, " II vient, il 
vient, e'est notre H exemption," are very 
widely used. The didactic character of others 
has probably Tendered them leas papular, 
though full of real piety. One of the 3 hymns 



FRENCH HYMNODY 

bjr Mine, Lutteroth, 23rd, " Je veux t'aimer 
toi, mon Dieu," is of great sweetness, unit 
found in most hymnals. Tho Chant* Ghri- 
Mens is still the most popular hymn-book of 
the Reformed Church, and subsequent books 
have added comparatively little to its selection, 

4. The most striking pieces in tbe Chant* 
Chretien* are those of Alexander Vinet, the 
great Swiss theologian. They had appeared 
for the most part in the Semeur (to which he 
frequently contributed), a periodical edited by 
M. Lutteroth. As refined and sensitive ex- 
pressions of devotional feeling, Yinetf s hymns 
are of a very high order. But the fine tonob, 
the personal, reflective mood, and the delicate 
poetical images, adapt them more to private 
than public use. Mr. Henry Downton has 
tr. 7 of Vinefs pieces among his graceful 
renderings of French hymns in Hymns and 
Femes, 1873. 

Several of Yinet's hymns are In every collection. 
" Sous ton volte d'tgnomtnle," "OSebmeur.OSenveur," 
" Tol gut dans 1» milt d* la vte, " Oh ! ponrqnol 
l'amitie gemlratt," ''PourqaotremndreOPeretendte" 
(written after bis daughter's death }, "Dins 1'ablme 
dea mlseres," and " RoT dee aages, nos lonanges," are 
well-.known examples. 

5. Among the large group of remaining 
writers, only a few names can be mentioned : — 

Onlllann* Ctottu, or NeuchWel (1800-30) has left a 
few hymns, of which "Oui, pour boq penple Jesus prle," 
Is well known. Trsderio uha 



"Que nepnts-je, 
si" A hymn by 
J, "Je suts a Toi, 



Mend of Vinet, pub. his Poetic* (^retienna tt Can- 
tiqaet t in 1830. A full selection of bis pieces ta found 
in the Bautil da Sgtita trattimaltt at Valid, JTat- 
ckJttel ct Geneve, and slso In that of the ltgUsc Libre de 
Rwd. Tbe most popular sre : " Seigneur, mon Men, 
mon Sine engolssee," " Encore cette Journ£e, J'^leversl 
ts voix," and " Dans le desert, on je poursuls ma route." 
Thehymusof Cbavannesare hlgluy esteemed for fervour 
and unaffected simplicity. JuUlwat, a pastor st Paris, 
pub. his ItaKittl ta Croix, in I860, a volume^ of hymns 
and sacred poetry. His evening hymn, " A U fln de 
cette Journee," Is la general use. * M Lsvons-nous, freres " 
Is highly praised by M. Chatetanat and M. Alger. Pro- 
fessor Henri Seehrieh )iss contributed eeversl hymns of 
a tender, meditative and prayerful cast to the Strasburg 
Ml. (18)8;. •' ctenx, unisssi-vous aux trusportsde 
lsterre"bss been adopted by M. Beralersnd the MeUio- 
dlst Collection. Others are good, such as " Je veux 
te sulvre td-hasi" "Grand Bleu, mon Seigneur, mon 
Pere ; " and " Etemel, tendre Pere." Adolphe T 
(lBls-M) has lefts beautiful hymn, »~ 
mon Dieu, Dieu do ma dillvranoe > 
K. Ed. Geherer, editor of Le 3Vmjff«, < 
Is one of the beet French hyinns. They ar* both tr. in 
Mr. Henry Downton's Hymns and Vcr«f, ISIS. 

vi. Lutheran Ckurcli. 
1. The line taken by the Lutheran French 
Church in regard to the translation and treat- 
ment of the Psalter and the use of hymns has 
been from the first distinct from that of the 
Reformed Church ; the Psalter has been used 
partially, and treated in its typical and Evan- 
gelical relation, and Irs. of tbe great German 
hymns have been used conjointly with it. 
Pteaumet, Hymnes et Cantiqtte* . . . mis en rime 
fran$aii idem la rime el melodies aUemandet, 
Francfort, 1612, contains 63 hymns or para- 
phrases. It appears from the preface that this 
is the 3rd edition. M. Douen mentions also 
Lee Fseaumet de Dauid. Altec Ut hymnea de 
J). M. Luther et autre* docteufi dt VEglUt mi* 
en vera fr<tncai* sefon to rzine et composition 
tillemande, Montbe^iard, 1618. The chaplain 
of the Swedish Legation at Paris, Balthazar 
Hitter, pub. at Frankfurt, his native town to 
which he owed his education for the ministry, 
in 1673, a book, generally known hs Heuret 



FREKtiH HYMtfODt 

CArettennei (2nd oi, Xse oeempaHont mintet 
fa <mtojkUm [Lambeth Lib.}, im\ Some 
of the editions wen reprinted at Hamburg 
(1685, 1686) and Berlin. The first part of this 
book is i« CkntliqueteiiaPitaumetdeVEAite 
(1st ed., 93 piece* ; 2nd ed., 139 pieces). Five 
editions were pub. in Bitter's lifetime. His 
successor Gueis pub. the 6th (1722> The7th, 
containing 200 fresh tn, from the recent Ger- 
man hymns, pub. by Jean Daniel Claudi 
(1739), entitled Heuret Chretietmee ou oeeupa- 
Hotu taitOet (Brit M*s\ has 381 pieces. 
They are to be considered, not so much com- 
pilations of the several pastors, as successive 
developments of the hymn-book, which 
grew gradually from the Pteattmei, Symue* 
et Cantiqttet of 1612, A few pieces are tr*. 
from the Latin, but far the larger quantity are 
distinctly stated to be hre, front the German, 
the heading of the original being given at the 
top of the piece. The Oantiquet Spiritueh 
of Strasbourg form another aeries. Nouoellt 
BdiiiondmCantiqaeiSpiritudf aorommcdeaux 
aire et melodies det originaux allemand* et de 
Fteatmet de David, Strasbourg, 1717 (Brit. 
Mvt). Evidently not the 1st ed. Other edi- 
tions, 1758-1769. 

2. Oberlin' t HymnAtook. There is a very 
interesting volume at the British Muteam, 
which was given to Francis Cunningham in 
1820 by Oberlin himself, 5 parts, viz. :— 

Part Lis Omtiqua KpirittteU tra&uitlaplwartde 
I'alltmattdli Vutage oVt SgliMt Pratatantt* deia Con- 
fertUm d'Amffbtmrg. JfouwUe Jfttttton mw et corrioee 
4fflrortMny,Jf,Zi.(S03pt«ce»,Muf them Psalms). Pt. 
II. IssOouecttonofPreyers. Pt. 111. to Omtiquet choitit 
pour reerreittde jametre, Cinquitnu Sditum. 3tnu- 
boars, 1809 (M pieces, chiefly Psalms), pt. Iv, to qmti- 
qtta«Aoitttaiuuiintuttoeal€tjiarticvUer t Tanffetpar 
urdrt atpSiabitiquc. StnMoiay, ISIS, Port v. consists of 
mmk] for tbe preceding parta. Of tbe three parts, Pt.l. 
Is evidently an ed. of the Oantiqmt SJoirttuetooT Stras- 
bourg. The plan of the book to • natural development 
of the 1»« edition: a fourth of tbe pieces ne the mm. 
This may perhspe be the hymn-book -which St&er, 
Oberlin't predecessor, to known to have introduced at 
Waldbach. Pt. ill. to evidently* children's hymn-book 
which hid passed through live edltlona. A book of the 
same kind, with s title somewhat varied, to attributed 
to Stuber (possibly an earlier edition of thto). Part iv. 
may be the Apptndisi to Stiver's hymn-book, which 
Oberlin to eskfto have Introduced at WaJdbacb. Tbe 
903 pieces of the C&wtixma SpiritaHt an composed of 
13S pieces err. from tbe German, and +0 French pieces (3H 
Pes.}. The German ire, are quite Independent of the 
Frankfurt (vs. Tbe Psalms are In some caws from 
Marot and Beat. One 'of tbe French pieces Is '* Que 
cbontes-vous, jwttte otoeaox J" by Abbe FeUegrin. Tbe 
38 pieces of Pt 11. are chiefly Psalm*. Some are m a r ked 
as <r*. by their German headings i some (e. g. " Mon 
tma, Inen, se proeterne a tea pleda," often quoted as 
by Oberlin) have tunes from tbe Moravian Psalmodta, 
and may possibly be derived from It. Among tbe n 
pieces of Pt. It. " De quo! t'alarmes-tn, mon coenr f" 
which to often ascribed to Oberlin, has the German 
heading, " Was Qott Unit 1st word getban,'* but to very 
little like tbe German hymn* having tbts Initial line. 
(It has been tr. by Mr. Downton In Symnt and Vena, 
18JS, " Why art thou cast down, Ob, my.soul?") 

On tbe whole this book points to the conclu- 
sion that Oberlin was more a translator and 
collector than a composer of French hymns. 

3. At Paris, Ore Frankfort hymn-books were 
originally used in the chapel of the Swedish 
Embassy. Tho first hymn-book for the 
Lntheran Church there was compiled from 
the Frankfurt and from Swiss books (printed 
at Strasbourg about 1750) by Charles Baer. 
Chretien Charles Gambs, chaplain to the 
Swedish Embassy, pub, ReeueU de Cantlquee 
i Fuaags de la Chapede Boyalt de la legation 



FBEtfCH HYMNODY 



393 



de Suide. Paris, 1800. It was drawn pertly 
from the oollections of Dumas, Henry, Engel 
and St. Gall (Donen). After tbe foundation 
of the first consistorial church, a new collec- 
tion, drawn fran Gambs, Engel, Dumas, Henry, 
Basel and St Gall, Strasbourg, Frankfurt, 
Hamburg, and the Walloon oollections, was 
pub., entitled, Beeueil de Continues a 1'iuage 
detChrtTitm&angSiqwt. Pari*, 1819. It was 
compiled by the pastors Boissard and Goepp 
(250 pieces). This collection has been finally 
replaced by the Beeueil de Oantiquet a Tu 
det Eglises EvangeUgye* de Frame, 1851 (9 
pieces). The relation of this ed. to its prede- 
cessoTB has been thus characterized for this 
article by M. Chr. Ffender, a Lutheran pastor, 
who has made these hymns his study : — 

"It would be difbcult to And In it perceptible traces 
oftbabymns of Bitter. The hymna nave ebenved with 
tbe theology- Tbe ed. of Grabs bas somewhat of a 
rationalistic complexion. Tbeed.of lsfil to a reaction In 
tbe evangelical direction, drawing largely from tbe 
Moravian and the Swiss sources, espectolly the Ckaatft 
de Sum, with a slight admixture of those of the Oberlin 
books." The mntlo to principally German. Thesthed. 
(I9t«) has a few modiflcatlona of slight Importance. 

4. Besides the Paris hymn-book, collections 
have been pnb. at Montbetiard, Strasbourg and 
Nancy, 

That of Hontbeliard, JVoutiena* Chut* St Patau* tt 
de Omtufuet, bs* passed through two editions (IN), 
1S&6). It contains 303 pieces, of which a ftw are 
pievlously unpnbUsbed hymns of the country of Hont- 
beliard, the rest being; fnm tbe Parts Lutheran books, 
and the usual Reformed hymn-books and the Psalter. 
Tbe Nancy Collection, Hjmnet et Omtiqaei * I'tHoov 
da J^Fliss et det famWe$ Ckretitmia, IBIS, containa 
301 pleoee. Tbe pieces neenlUr to it are several of 
a simple plaintive faith by E. M. The Strasbourg 
OollectEoti, JBecata de Ouuiquet, 1STS, contains 111 
pieces, drawn from the Hontbeliard Collection, the 
amt(qntt Spirttutli of Strasbourg, His, and the Paris 
Lutheran hymn-book. Its specialities are 17 hymna of 
a tender meditative character, addressed directly to 
God, and unfolding the feelings of the heart, by Jf. R. 
Raekrich. 

viL Moravian Bymti*. 

As the French Lutheran hymns of the 18th 
cent were for the most part fat, of the German 
Lutheran, so the French Moravian are Irs. of 
the German Moravian. The 1st ed., Beeueil 
de Gantiquet, traduit* de TaUentand, 1743, 
was the work of Philip Henri Molther and 
Jeremie Bissler, natives of Alsace. 

This Ixnfc contains T5 pieces. A second part raised 
tbe total to 16a pieces i a third (Beeutfl de timttiquet, 
Basle, 17ST), to 230 pieces, with some metrical litanies. 
The pd. of K8S, Ptaiaodie de I'EgliK da Mm, at 
reeveil o> QanHquet ^WfHela, la BfafparJ rraduiti de 
rallemaRaV Basle, contains Me pieces. Instead of 
the alpuabeiicBl arrangement of the early edltlona, It la 
classified on the model of the standard German Horavton 
hymn-book (1HS). About 3T0 pieces an profeaseiUy 
tn. from the German: about sno are said to be 
origtnatly French. The Sth ed. (less) containa ISO 
pieces, of which only about ISO are retained from if SB 
(*» of these betng French originals). About M0 pieces 
ate ft*, from tbeOerman Horavton editions of 1TT8 and 
ISM (SHfpUmatt)— hymms by tbe Zlniendorto, ChrtoHsn 
Gregor, so. Of tbe rest, • few are trt. from non- 
Honvton Qerman hymns, a few an well-known pieces 
of plctet, Milan, Vlnet, etc, the rest sre spMienUy 
French hymns pecdllar to tbe Brotherhood. About ss 
of tbe distinctive pieces have passed into general French 
hymn-books. Among the mast popular are" Alleluia ! 
lonange * Dleu" (tr. from " Hallelujah t Lob, Preto and 
Ebr/'q.v.); "Cbef, convert de bleasures," 1W* (tr.of 
Bt. Bernard's " Salve caput cruentstum," through the 
German of Paul Gerhankt, "O Haupt voll Hut und 
Wnnden," re-wrltten by Count Zlnsendorf) i " Demeure 
dsua tagrtoe " ((r. from J. Stegmann's " AchbUlbmit 
delner Gnade," «. v.) ;" Jamais Dlen ne delatsee" (tr. 
from " Kelnen bat Gott verUssen," q.v., sttrtbuted 
probably wrongly to A. Keaeler); "Briltonte etoDe 



394 



FRENCH HYMNODY 



du motto," 1TBT (apparently ir, from "Brlch an <ta 
schonea Morgenllcht ") ; and " Qu'lls sont beaux sur les 
montagnes ' (apparently French). Tbe general charac- 
ter of this boob la well given In tbe Geneva, fteuchatel 
and Vaud Supplement. " The distinctive traits of these 
hymns an simple expressions of love for tbe Saviour, 
and contemplations of His Death. Often Incorrect in 
form . , . there are no French hymns, which so nearly 
approach the Psalms ha originality of Inspiration, power 
of faith, and richness of experience." Their general 
meed, it may be added, is strongly subjective and 
meditative; often marked by a childlike simplicity 
{" naivete presque enfantine," Bereier.). 

viii. Methodist Collection!. 
T. The earliest French hymn-book in con- 
nection with Methodism deserves loving re- 
membrance b,- both Francs and England. It 
was drawn uj> under the auspices of the 
Wcsleyan missionary Society for the use of the 
thousands of French prisoners in the Med way, 
at Plymouth, and Portsmouth. The earliest 
mention of the book U found July 10th, 1813. 
(See MeihodUt Magazine of that year. In- 
teresting details, of the mission are given in 
the vols, for 1811.) It may have been com- 
piled hy Bcv. W. Toase, who was in charge of 
the mission. The 1815 edition, Choix de Can- 
tiqaei a Fusage dea Prisowniers Franfaia, con- 
tains 123 pieces : some of them by Pictet ; some 
of them irt. from Watts, Cowper, and other 
English pieces ; some from the metrical Psalm 
Versions ; some from the Moravian, and others 
from Bourcea not identified. The trs. ate not 
of much value : and scarcely any of the pieces 
are fonnd in subsequent Methodist collections. 

2. The next scries of books are those of 
John de Queteville (commenced ministry at 
Guernsey, 1786, died 1843), Rev. M. Gal- 
licnne, a Methodist minister in Aldoruey, says 
that Queteville's earliest collections were from 
the Port-Royal hymns, from Pictet, Marot 
and Beza. Afterwards be translated several 
of Wesley's hymns. The date of his earliest 
edition was about 1791-1792. The book 
reached its definite shape (app.) in 1818, The 
ed. of 1828, entitled JKecueil de Cantiqtte* a 
Vumge de la Societe appelee MethodUU, is ar- 
ranged on the plan of the Wei. H. Bit. It was 
pub, at the request of the Conference, and 
contains no less than 762 hymns. It was fre- 
quently reprinted for use in the Channel 
Elands, but the poorness of the verso led even- 
tually to the compilation of a new collection.' 

3. The new ed., Beeueil de Cantiques a 
Vmage dea Eglieea Methodises des lies de la 
Munehe, was pub. in 1868; It was the work of 
a Commission appointed by the Channel Is- 
lands District under the presidency of the Rev. 
M. Gallicuno, It contains 451 pieces. The 
arrangement of Dc Qnotevillo's book is ex- 
changed for one more independent of the Eng- 
lish Wee H. Bk. About 115 of De Quete- 
ville's pieces are retained. The new pieces 
arc drawn from the sources of which all the 
Protestant hymnals avail themselves. The 
hymns that are special to the book are a few 
by Revs. M, and J. W, Deltevra and W. J. 
Handcoek (the Secretary of the Commission). 
The book was sanctioned by the Conference. 

ix. French Methodist Hymn Book. 

The collection of De Queteville was too 

poor in a literary point of view to be really 

satisfactory in France. In 1831, if not earlier, 

appeared Comtique* Chretien* a Vwage dea 



FRENCH HYMNODY 

AuemhUei religiettseo, Risler, Paris. It was 
compiled hy M. Cook, then a minister at 
Congeniea in the Department of Gard, The 
last ed. (14th) was pub. in 1881. 

The ed. of 1333 contains S3B pieces. They are drawn 
from Pictet, Terond, and other sources of the 18th cen- 
tury, from tbe Moravian, and Melon, and other early 
books of this century. The 14th ed., Cantiqun Chretien*, 
Parte, 1SB1, edited by an eminent French Methodist 
pastor, M. J.P.Cook, son of tbe original editor (to whom 
this article Is much indebted), contains 134 pieces from 
tbe 1333 edition. It has altogether 381, pieces, tbe new 
pieces being drawn from the Chant* Chretien*, the Mora- 
vian, tbe K. C. Collection of St. Sulplce, and the Psalter of 
the Reformed Churches, and from the various authors 
among Methodists and Protestants already mentioned. 
This ed, is one of the best, as it is one of the 
most recent, collections; and furnished with 
careful indioos of the subjects and texts, the 
names of authors and composers. 

x. Translation) from the English. 
The earliest tru. from the English are those 
in the French Prisoners Book and Methodist 
Collectionof De Queteville (§ viii.). In recent 
years a considerable number of our English 
revival hymns have been tr. into French for 
the use of similar movements in France and 
Switzerland. They will be readily recognised 
in the 



(1) Cantiquet du RiveU, (2) cantiquet twite* de 
VAngla.it, (3) Hgtvinet et ^antique* <t I'nsage d« Re- 
union? Populairet, and its Supplement, (4) Hymnet du 



Croyant, and (5) Cantiquet Populairet with its Supple* 
nt^nt. In this lost book will he fonnd upwards of so 
tr*. chiefly by MM. Salllens and R. McAll (who have 
indicated the originals for this article) of English hymns 
in Sankey's Song* & Soto* and older books. 

xi. diildrenU Hymn*. 

Among the numerous selections, Mons. H. 
Eoshrich of Yandceuvres signalises for this 
article. 

(l) Rteueil dtpeiitt Cantiquet et ehantt d'eeolt owe 
vn ehoix de psaumee et cantiquet, pub. par lee sqint 
da Cbntittoire deVJBglUt Hattonaledt Geneve, 0«* edi~ 
lion, Geneve, 1871, (2) Motanna. Qantiquespour cecletdu 
Dlmanchefit cultet de la jeuneite, pub. par Us toin* di 
VEglite Euangelique de Geneve, 1882. (3) Cantiquet 
du Xcssager de Vtcole du Dinanche, Lautanne, 187s. 
(4) Onntupiet pour let enfantt du caieehitme et det 
eooles du IMmauche, pub. par U- Sj/node de realise 
ifeueh&telQitt, 1BS1. (5) fantiquei et chantt d'ecole, 
pub. par la Mtttion interieure protectants a yitnet. 
Pari*, 1883. 

xii. Collections of Hymns. 

French hymnals are very numerous. Besides 
those already mentioned, the principal aro as 
follows : — 

1. The fiezbrmed Ohurdh. (1) Ptaumts et Cantiquet 
pour (e cnlte At l'£glite Befarmee, published by the 
Consistory of Lyons. 1st ed. 1847; last lsJS^ (2) 
Recueil de l*sausnet et Continues a I'utage det Xylites 
Keformeet. Purit and Strasbourg. Drawn up by a 
Conference of Pastotg at Paris, 1BSI. 1st ed. 18S». It 
Is one of the leading hymnals. (3) Eecueil de Can- 
iiques Chretien* pour Vutage de eulte public et parH- 
culier. Frankfort, 18«. 289 pieces, derived from IB 
preceding collections. (4) ReeueU da Jfylises ifetiionale* 
de Vaud, tfeuckatel et Geneve, issa, S3 Ps., ST hymns, 
Drawn up by a committee of tbe National Church In 
the 3 cantons. A Sapptetaent was pub. in 1970 by 
several of the members of tbe Committee. A choice 
selection from French, Moravian, and other German 
sources, (6) Jfouveuu Livre de Cantiqiiet. Parts, 
1879. £17 pieces. A new compilation from tbe com- 
mon sources of hymns, with not more than SO new 
pieces. The editor is M. Betsier, who has contributed 
a valualde preface (^ xili.). Tbe teit of the hymns has 
been revised In tbe interests of theological exactness. 
This system of revision of the teit, and tbe difference 
In the music to which the hymns are set (a point of 
greater importance than in England— every hymn-book 
having Us music as an integral part of it), often cousU- 



FRENCH PSALTERS 

tute the only very salient distinction between many of 
the French Collections, all of them being variations of 
tbe same general material, 

I. Xne dnnhH. (1) Pwuma et Cmtiqwii pour 
laAtienbteadeculte etptntr 1'sdification prime. 1st 
ea. 1661. Beviaed ed. 1S«V Ttie Collection used lh the 
"Uelise Libre de VamL" (1) KtewU de Cantiquet 
A Z'unws <fe« i3)iKtef Aafl^eTtguet JJeZ^eJ, ISM. (3) 
Harnett de Omtttoiiefpour let UKniicn de evtte e( wwr 
effifcartoii privet, i860, Tbe Collection published by 
* Lea £glisea £vangeUques de Geneve et de Lyon." 

3. Englieh Gollectiou! (1) ATaelriiid det Ptaiilmet 
vertill^, mittii de s/uelgtiei PaflWoHet »oerfi . ■ . pom 
. . . I'Sglue Proteitantt ipuoopale Franfaia de ban- 
dra, 18M. (1) CAanJt JW^ietw . . . i»ur rEglUe Proi 
tettaftte Jfraneaiw ds Lonira t par It Bev. W, G, 
Daugart, IBit, (s) Jtocuefl de Ptaumei et de flmfi- 
ncei a Village da Sglitet AngHtsanei Brancaim . . . 
par It Bit. W. B. Bwnerie, 18IS. 68 Fss., IBS Csn- 
Uques. Tbe hymn-book used at tbe Savoy Church, 
Bloonubmy Street. (4) £e £iure da Sanettiaire. The 
Liturgy used in the crypt at Canterbury baa a few can- 
ttqnea In it. 

xiii. Coneliuion, 
The French hymns are intensely subjective. 
"On regrettc," says the able preface to the 
Nouveau Livre de Cantiquee, Faris, 1879, 
"qu'il ne soit pas trouvc' parmi noua plus do 
poetos pour chanter le dratne divin de la 
Redemption, lea granda faita de l'fivangile 
Celebris dans lea fetes de l'figlise, et qui, bien 
plus que los experiences de l'nme individuelle, 
ee prlteraieut au chant des aasembleea chre- 
tiennes." In expressing sentiment, emotion, 
childliko repose in Jesus, they have * delicacy 
which we cannot reproduce. On the other 
hand, the broader, more solid portions of our 
English hymns find no echo in Brenoh. The 
fact is abundantly illustrated by the tra. from 
the English, which are taken scarcely with an 
exception from onr hymns of subjective senti- 
ment There is consequently little scope for 
the introduction of French irs. among us ; the 
store of our subjective hymns being already 
more than sufficient. The strictures of the 
Noaveau Livre de Cantiqaee are not untrue 
of England, though far truer of France. " La 
plus grande partie des eantiques publiea b 
notre e'poque expriment aurtout lea experiences 
du chretien, et mettent trop l'homme en face 
de lui-weme, au lieu de le porter avant tout a 
contempler les celestes realites qui seulea 
sontiennent 1'flme et la fortifient." [H. L, B.] 

French Psalters. [Psaltera, French.] 

Freu dloh do. werthe ChrdetenlLeit. 
\Eaater.~] Hoffmann von JVHerafebeJi, cd. 1861, 
p. 172, gives this in 3 st. of 7 1. from a Breslau 
us. about 1478. Wackernagel, ii. pp. 738-741, 
gives G versions. 

The only tr, is j " Rejoice, dear Christendom, to-day," 
by Jfill Winkworth, 1669, p. St. Her St. l.-iiL tie 
from Wackernafftt*s ^To. 963(a), a version wtittea in a 
copy of the Bohemian Brethren's Q. .fi., 1566J and st. 
ir., a doxology, la from WackernagtVt Ifo. 9*4 quoted 
from Ein edtl Kleinat der Scden, DUUngen, lose. 

[J. M.] 

Freu dich Behr, o meineCeelo. [for 
tlte Dying.'] Included as No. 115 in C. De- 
mantius's Threnodiae, Freiberg, 1620, in 10 et. 
of 8 1,, entitled " Spiritual joy after the Eter- 
nal Joy." Repeated in many later hymn- 
books, as in the Vnv. L. 8., 1851, No. 814. 
Erroneously ascribed to Caspar von Warnbeig, 
to Simon Graff, to Valerius Heiberger, and 
others. The only tr. in C. U. is : — 

Deaie, my aoul, thy trftulatwni a somewhat free 
version of et. 1, 6, 7, 10, by T. E. Brown, aa 
So, 15 in the Clifton College H. Bk., 1873. 



FREYLINGHATJSEN, JOHANN A. 395 

Othai tra. are; (1) "Roueo thyself; my Soul, en- 
deavour," [n Lyra iJttfltdieo, 1T63, p. £9. (2) "Jesua 
at my diesolntton," a tr. of St. vii. as st. vii. of No. 89 
In tbe Moravian H. Bk, 1801 (ias«. No. 1238). (s) " 
my »nl be giad and cheerful,'' a tr. of st. 1. In Misi 
WJnkwortb'a C B. for England, 1863, Appendix, No. 
iiL (t) " Joy, my eenl I on, joy attend thee," by jV. 
L. FrMinghtm, 1S10, p. let. [J. M.] 

Freudantheil, Wilhelm Nioolaua, 

was b. June 5, 1771, at Stade, in Hannover, 
and studied at the UuiTersity of Gottingen, 
from whioti, in 1841, he received the degree of 
B.D. He became, in 1816, diaoonus of St, 
Nieholoa'a Church, Hamburg, and subsequently 
arcliidioconus. He d. at Hamburg, March 7, 
1853. One of hU hymns has been tr. ; — 

Der Voter kennt dieh, kenn auofc lhn. [Gad'i 
Omniscience.] Appeared In Sererln Vater's Jahrbuck 
fur AdwKcAe AndtuJit, Halle, 1829. p. M, tn fl St. 
Tr. as, ''The Father knows theei Learn of 111m," by 
Mrs, Flndlater, in a. L. L,, 1B63, p. 6J (1684, p. 816). 

[J. M.] 

I"penen wir uns all in ein. [Prayer 
for Unity.'] This, the first hymn of lbs Bohe- 
mian Brethren, was composed in 1457 at 
Lhotka, in celebration of tile foundation of 
the Unity. Bp. Blahoslav (De Cantiouali, 
1561) names as author Matthias Konvatdsky, 
and adds : " licet hone cantilenain multi tri- 
buunt alii cuidom bono viro, qui vooabatur 
Gabriel Komarovsky." Originally written in 
Bohemian, it liegan, "Raduime se vzdy spo- 
tecne," and was first pub. in Ihe Boliemian 
Brethren's II. Bk., 1501, in 13 st Tlie tr. 
into German (Freven tirfr, &e.)isby M."WeiBi!e, 
is a free version of 12 at., first appeared in the 
New Geseng budilm, 1531, and is reprinted in 
TPaoftenKijeljiii.jNo. 357, An English tr. from 
Weisee (" With uuity of heart and voioe '*) 
appears in Bunliam's Notes on fAa Origin and 
Epiwopate of the Boliemian Brethren, London, 
1867, p. 51 (see also Bohemian Brethren, ii., i. 1 ; 
viii. 1). [J. T. M,] 

Freut eucb ihr Christen. [Citriitmae.] 
This appears in the Geietlidie Ldeder tmd 
Pealmen, Magdeburg, 1510; and thence in 
Waxkernagel, iii p, 841, in 4 st. of 8 I. In 
tlie Leipzig G. B., 1582, altered to "Freut 
cuch ihr liebcu Cliristeu," and this text is 
mostly followed in later collections. Included 
as No. 394 in Knapp's Ev. L. S„ 1850 (1865, 
No. 402). The only tr. in C. U. is :— - 

Bejoioe, rejaioe, ye ChriBtiaju, A good and 
full tr. as No. 32 in Miss Wink worth's C. B.for 
England, 1863, thence into the Fennsylvnnia 
Luth. Ch. BL, 1868, nud the Ohio Luth. I/yl., 
1880. [J. M.] 

FreylinghaTisen, Johann Anaeta- 
sius, s. of Dietrich Freylinghausen, merchant 
and burgomaster at Ganderaheim, Brunswick, 
was b. at Gaudersheim, Dec. 2, 1670. He en- 
teredtlieUjiLTersityofJenaatEaBter.ieeB. At- 
tracted by the preaching of A. H. Froncke and 
J. J. Breithanpt, he removed to Erfurt in 1091, 
and at Easter, 1692, followed them to Hallo. 
About the end of 1C93 he returned to Gandor- 
sheim, and employed himself as a private tutor. 
In 1695 he went to Glaucha as assistant to 
Francke ; and when Froncke became paator of 
St Ulrich's, in Halle, 1715, Freylinghausen 
became his colleague, and in the same year 
married his only daughter. In 1723 he became 
; also sub-director of the Faedagogium and tlie 



896 FBEYLIKGHATJSEN, JOHANN A, PEEYLtNGHAUSEN, JOHAJW A. 

Orphanage ; and after Prttnoke's death in 1727, 
succeeded him as pastor of St Ulrica's and 
director of the Francke Institutions. Under his 
fostering care these Institutions attained their 
highest development From a stroke of para- 
lysis in 1728, and a second in 1730, he recovered 
in great measure, but a third in 1737 crippled 
hut right ride, while the last, in Nov., 1738, 
left him almost helpless. He d. on Feb. 12, 
1783, and was buried beside Francke (Koch, 
vL S22-334 ; AUg. Deutsche Biog,, vii. 370-71 ; 
Bode, pp. 69-70 ; Orote'e Introduction, &c.) 

Almost ill Freyllngtiausen's hymne appeared in his 
own hymn-book, which was the standard collection of 
the Halle school, uniting the best production* of Pietism 
with a good representation of the older "classical" 
hymns. This work, which greatly Influenced later col- 
tecttoas, and was the sonrce from which many editors 
drew not only the hymns of Pletlem, bat also the current 
forms of the earlier hymns (as well as the new "Halle" 
melodies, a number or which are ascribed to Freyilag- 
hatuen himself) appeared in two parte, vis. :— 

I. Geitt^reicftet Gttanq-Btteh, den Kern alter und 
voter Lieder . . .fitffcA hat fend, *tc., Halle. Qedrucktund 
verlegt im Wayeen-Hanse, Hot [Kimsfturj}, with 98i 
hymns and 1T3 melodies. To the 2nd ed., ITS* [Soe- 
focife University], an Appendix was added with Ilys. 
6S4-JS8, and il melodies. Editions S-1S are practically 
the same so far as the hymns are concerned, save that 
In ed. 11, 1719 [fltrlm], and later issues, four hymns, 
written by J. J. Ramhach at Freylingbausen'a request, 
replaced four of those In eds. 1-10. 

II. jFeues Gtitt-rtieha Gaang-Bueh, &e., Halle . . . 
l*t t4[lterlin], with Sit hymns and 164 melodies. In the 
and ed,, 111S [JSMtoefc VRiuenity], Hys, B1S-S1S, with 
one melody, were added. 

Ih 1741 these two parts were combined by Q. A. 
Francke, seven hymns being added, all but one taken 



from the 1st ed., 1718, of the so-called Auszua, which 
was compiled lor congreEi-tioiul use mainly from the 
original two parts : and this reached a second, and last, 
ed. In 1771. So far as the melodies tie concerned, the 
ed. of 1771 Is the most complete, containing enme 600 
to ISM hymns. (Further details of these editions in 
the BtiUterftk Hymmiogic, 1883, pp. 44-46, 106-109; 
1886, pp. 13-14.) A little volume ofnates on the hymns 
and hymn-writere of the 1771 edition, compiled by 
J. H. Grischow and completed by J. Gr. Kirchner, and 
occasionally referred to in these pages, appeared as 
Kumgffault Jfadmekt wm altera unci vcuern Lieder- 
vtrfatsem at Halle, 1771. 

As a hyrau-writer Froyliaghausett ranks not 
only as the best of the Pietistio school, but as 
the first among his contemporaries. His finest 
productions are distinguished by a sound and 
robust piety, warmth of feeling depth of Chris- 
tian experience, scripturalness, clearness and 
Taricty of style, which gained for them wide 
acceptance, and liave kept them still in popular 
use. A complete ed. of his 44 hymns, with a 
biographical introduction by Ludwig Grate, 
appeared as his Geittticke Lieder, at Halle, 
1855. A number of them, including No. v., 
are said to have been written during severe 
attacks of toothache. Two (" Auf, auf, weil 
der Tag erschienen " ; " Der Tag ist hin ") are 
noted undeT their own first lines. 

i. Hymns in English C. U. 

i. Xonarehe aller Blag. God's Majesty. 1714, 
as above, So. 139, in 11 st. of 8 1., repeated in 
Qrote, 1855, p. 88, and as No. 38 in the Berlin 
G. L. 3., ed. 1863. A fine hymn of Praise, on 
the majesty and love of God. JV. as : — . 

Xenareh of all, witfi lowly fear, by J. Wesley, 
in Hys. $ Sac. Poems, 1739 {P. Works, 1868- 
1872, vol. i. p. 104), in 8 st. of 4 1, from at, i. t 
ii., v.-vii., ii.-ii. Repeated in full in the 
Moravian H. Bk., 1754, pt. i., No. 456 (1886, 
No. 176); and in J. A. Latrobe's Coll., 1841. 
The following forms of this tr. are slso in C. U. : 

(1) To Thee, O Lord, with humbb fear, being 



Wesley's st. 1., iii.-v., vlf., vili. altered as No. IW In 
Dr. Martlneau's Eyt. fvr Christian Ch. i> Bunt, 1840, 
and repeated In MIbs Conrtauld'e Ft., Hys. * Anthenu, 
I860, and In America In the Cheshire Association Uni- 
tarian CM., 1844. 

(I) Thou, Lord, of all the parent art, Wesley's, 
st.itl.-v., vll. altered In the eWfaje-Hyi, N, Y„ 18M. 

(S) Than, Lord, tat Light ; Thy satin ray, Wes- 
ley's et. lvl, v., viL, In Byi. qf the Spirit, 1864. 

ii. reinsa Wtsan, lastre ftnaua. Penitence. 
Founded oa Ps. Ii. 12, 1714, as abevs, No. 321, 
in 7 st. of 8 1., repeated in Grote, 1855, p. 41, 
and in Hansen's Versveh, 1833, No. 777 (ed. 
1881, No. 435). The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

Pure Essence .' Spotless Front of Light A good 
and full tr. by Miss Winkworth in the 1st series 
of her Lyra Ger., 1855, p, 43, and in her C. B. 
for England, 1863, No. 113. 

iili Wer 1st wohl wis du, Karnes and offices of 
Christ. One of his noblest and most beautiful 
hymns, a mirror of his inner life, and one of the 
finest of the German "Jesus Hymns." 1704, as 
above, No. 66, in 14st.of 6 1., repeated iaQrote, 
1855, p. 33, and is No. 96 in the Berlin G. L. &, 
ed. 1863. The trs. in C. U. are :— 

1. Jesn, source of calm repose, by J. Wesley, 
being a free tr. of st. i., iii,-v., viii., xiii. let 
pnb. in his Ps. 4- Hys., Charlestown, 1737 (P.- 
Worts, 1868-1872, vol. i. p. 161). Repeated in 
full as No, 462 in pt. i. of the Moravian H. Bk., 
1754. In the 1826 and later eds. (1886, No. 
233) it begins, "Jesus, Thou aource," The 
original form was included as No. 49 in the 
Wesley Hys. ^y Spir. Songs, 1753, and, as No. 
343, in the Wes. H. Bk., 1780 (1875, No. 353) 
Varying centos under the original first liue are 
found in Mereer's C. P. $ H. Bk„ 1855-1864 ; 
Kennedy, 1863; Irish Ck. Htjl, 1869-1873; J. 
L, Porter's Coll., 1876, &c It has also furnished 
the following centos :— 

(1) Hessian! Lord! rejoicing still, being Wesley's 
et. tv,-vt. altered In Dr. Martlneau's CdU., 1840. 

(1) Lord over all, sent to fulfil, Wesley's st. iv., 111., 
v., vl. In the Amer. Meth. Epit. H. JBk., 1849. 

S. Who is lik» Th««, Whol a tr. of st- i., ii., v., 
vii., x., xiii., as No. 687, in pt. i. of the Moravian 
H. Bk., 1754. TVs. of st, ii., liv. were added 
in 1789, and the first line altered in 1801(1886, 
No, 234), to "Jesus, who with Thee." The trs. 
of st. i., ii., 1., xiv., from the 1801, altered and 
beginning, "Jesus, who can be," are included 
in America in the Dutch Bef, Hys. of the Ckarclt, 
1869; H. ^ Songs of Praise, N, Y., 1874; and 
Richards's Coll., N. Y., 1881. 

S. Who is there lilt* Thea, a good tr. of st. i., 
ii., Tiii., jciv., by J. S, Stallybrass, as No. 234 in 
Curwen's Stibbath H. Bk., 1859, repented in the 
Irish Ch. Byl.< 1873, and in W. F. Sterenson's 
H. for Ch. * Home, 1873, 

4. Who is, Jesus blast, a (r. of st. 1., ii., v., vi,, 
xii., xiv., by M. Loy, in the Ohio Luth. Ilyt., 1880. 

5. Who, as IQum, mahea blast, a good tr. t omit- 
tiag st. vii., 11., x., contributed by Dr. F. W 
Gotch to the Baptist Magazine, 1857. Repeated 
in the 1880 Suppl. to the Bspt. Pe. $ Hys., 1858. 

The trs. sot fa 0, V. an : — 
(1) "Whltber shall we flee," by MU$ Butm, 1SST, 
p. SB. (2) " Who has worth like Tliine," in tbe IT. P. 
Juvenile Mix*. Mag., I80T, p. 211. (3) "Thou art First 
and Best," by Mitt Winlaottrth, 1869, p. Ml. 

ii. Hymns tr. into EnglUh, but not in O. U. 

iv. Harr and Gott dor Tag und Ifaohto. mming, 
DOS, as above. No. IBB, In 6 et„ Wrote, p. 106. Tr. by 
H. J. BackoU, 1843; p. 106, beginning with st. 11. 



FREY8TEIN, JOHANN B. 

v. aMn Hers, |ith dish nuMeden. Ctou and 
OwwJfltt™. latlnttieflMl« 1 S*a<ttff. J B„mi,No.S03 1 
In 11 it. ; reputed lilt. No. «0, and in Crete, p. Tl. 
IV. by Dr. G. Trotter, 18*0, p. 80, 

vi* Iuub, dmi kaina Bnade jo beflaeket* 
fawtonWdt. ITU, Ho. 8*, In 19 at., finite, p. 11. Tr, 
as, (1) "IriUqbt lor Thy boundlesa lore I pralaee 
offer/of st. ill. as it. 1. of No. 1*33 In tbe tfiigftf, of 
IMS to the Moravian B. Bk., 18m (1MB, No. 111). 
(!) "0 Lamb, nhom never spot of sin denied, "In tbe 
BrilM Magatint, June, ISS8, p. ess. 

til. Lamm, dH main* SnnienLut getragen, 

Eaittr Em. Hi*, No. IS, In 8 St. ; Grttt, p. £3. IV. 

u " Christ Jeans le thet pradoiu Bjaln," a tr. of it. v. 

by T. W. Foster, as No. II In tbe Jforoeian IT. .St., 

. 1*89 (lsse, No. Wl). 

liii. Zn die, H*r Jean, komm* ith. Ptnitenct. 
Founded an St. Mitt. xL 18-30. 1114, u above, No. 
30*. Id 4 it. ; Orate, p. 39. Tr. by Dr. M. JtiU*, IMS 
(IBM, p. 80). [J. M.] 

Freystein, Johann Burchard, s. of 

A. S. Freystein, vice-chancellor of Duke 
August of saxony and inspector of the Gym- 
nasium at WeisBGufels, was b. at Weissemels, 
April IS, 1671. At the University of Leipzig 
he studied law, mathematics, philosophy and 
architecture. He resided for some time at 
Berlin and Halle and then went to Dresden as 
assistant to a lawyer. After graduating ll,i>, 
at Jena in 1095, he began an independent 
legal practice at Dresden. In 1703 he became 
Bath at Gotha, but returned to Dresden in 
1709 as Hof- nnd Jnstizratu, and was also, in 
1713, appointed a member of the Board of 
Works. Enfeebled by his professional labours, 
ho <L of dropsy at Dresden, April 1, 1718 
(Bode, p. 70; Blatter /fir HymnohgU, 1884, 
pp. 22-24 ; Koch, iy. 222). Of the six hymns 
of this pious lawyer and disciple of Spener, 
five seem to have first appeared in the Meree- 
bwrtf O. B., 1716. The other (which has been 
tr. into English) is : — 

Muhe dun, main (Met, berctt. [ Watchfvlnen,] 
This fins hymn, a stirring cat! to fight against 
the World, the Flesh, and the Devil, founded on 
St. Matt xxvL 41 ; first appeared in the Qeiet- 
niches 0. B., Halle, 1697, p. 393, in 10 st. of 
8 L, entitled, "On ths words Watch and Prny." 
It was repeated in Wngner** G. B., Leipzig, 
1697, vol. iv. p. 1280; in Freylinghanseu's 
0. B^ 1704> and many later collections, sad in 
ths Urn. L. S., 1851. The in. in C. IT. are :— 

1. Kiie, my ml, to watch and pray, omitting 
at. 2, 4, 8, 10, by Miss Winkworth in her C. B. 
far England, 1863, No. 125, repeated in J. Bo- 
binaon'i Coil., 18o9, No. 10. 

t. Up, my will, |iid thee with power, omitting 
at. iT.-vi., by E. Cronenwett, as 396 in the Ohio 
Lvth. HyL, 1880. 

Other tea. an: {11 '■ my Krai, with prayen and 
cries," In Lgra Davidica, nog, w63. (1) " Wake, my 
■out, wake up from steep," by £ S. StaHybmaB In the 
Tonic Sol-fa Reporter, January, 186ft. (3) ** Have thy 
armour on, my souL" by Mias Burllngnsm In the 
British Herald, Feb. IBM, p. 39. 

The hymn " O my spirit, wake, prepare," 
by A. T. Russell, ae No. 104 in the DaUton 
Hospital M. Bh., 1848, and repeated as No, 
190 in Dr. Pagenelecher'e ColL, 1864, while 
not a (r., is based on st iii., yiii,, ix. of the 
German. [J. M.] 

Friend after friend depart*. J. Mont- 
gomery. [Death and the Hereafter.'] In Mont- 
gomery's Poetical WorJst, 1841, vol. iii. p. 182, 
he has dated this poem 1824. It was pub. in 
his Pelican Jtland and Other Toemt, 1827: 



FBOHLICH BOLL MEIN 397 

and in hi« Poetical Work*, 1828 and 1841, but 
was not given in the first copies of his 
Original Hymiu, 1853. In later copies of the 
same year it replaced a cancelled hymn 
(« This shall be the children's cry"), but was 
omitted from the Index. It U in 0. D. in G. 
Britain and America. Orig. text in Dr. Hat- 
field's Church H. Bk., N. Y„ 1872. [J. J.] 

Friend of sinners, Lord of glory. 
O. jV. Hall. [Jesus, the Friend.'] " Composed 
for the author s father, the writer of the well- 
known tract The Sinner's Friend," Bolton 
Abbey, Sept., 1857, in 5 at of 8 1., and 1st 
pub. in hU Hymns composed at Bolton Abbey, 
1858. It is usually given in an abbreviated 
form, as in the author's Chritt Ch. HyL, 1876, 
or that in Spurgeon's O. O. H. Bk^ 1866. It 
is also in 0. U. in America. [J. J.] 

Friends of the poor, the young, tbe 
weak. /, Montgomery, [Poor Chudren'i 
Plea.] This hymn is intended to he sung by 
children in Orphan Homes and Institutions of 
a like kind, at their yearly and other gather- 
ings. It is a plea for sympathy and material 
help. It appeared in Montgomery's Christian 
Psalmist, 1625, No. 424, and in his Original 
By*., 1853, No. 312, in 6 st. of i 1. [J. J,] 

Pritaoh, Ahasuerug. [Liehster im- 

manuel.] 

FrbTiHelk aoll rnein Herze Bpringen. 

P. Gerhardt. \Ctirittma*.'] Included as No. 
104 in tlie Frankfurt od. 1050, of Cruger's 
Praxi* pietatis mdica in 15 st. of 8 I., re- 
printed in Wackeraagel'a ed. of his Geiattiche 
XAeder, No. 5, and Bachmann's ed., No. 44; 
and included ns No. 35 in the Unv. L. 8., 
1851. Lauxmann, in Koeh, viii. 20, thus 
analyses it : 

First a trumpet blast : Cbiiat Is born, Qoi't Champion 
has appeared aa a Bridegroom from hla chamber (1., 11.). 
In the following i ete. the poet seeks to set forth the 
mighty value of the Incarnation : ts It not love when 
God gives us the Son of His Love (ill.), the Kingdom of 
Joy (iv.j, ana Hl« Fellowship (v.). Yes, It Is Indeed 
the &mb of God who beara the aln of the world (vi.) 
Now heplacei himself as herald by tbe cradle of the 
Divine Child (vll.> He bids, as In Matt. xi. is, all men 
fviil.>, all they that labour (li.), all the heavy liden 
(x.\ and all the poor (xl.). to dmw near. Then In con- 
clusion he approaches In supplication aa the shepherds 
and tbe Wise Ken fxii.-xv.). He adores the Child as 
his source of life (stEA his Lamb of God (iEV his 
Glory (xiv,), and promisea to be ever true to Him (xv.). 
It is a glorkmB series of Christmas thought*, laid as a 
garland on tbe manger at Bethlehem- 
He adds that at the second day of the 
Christmas celebration, 1715, at Glaucha, near 
Halle, C. H. v. Bogatzky (q.v.), by the sing- 
ing of st xiii., xiv., was first clearly led to un- 
derstand justification by faith in Jesus Christ. 
Cruger gave an original melody in 1656 (aa 
in L Erk's ChoraBnuA, 1863, No. 86), but the 
melody generally used (in Church Hymns 
called Bonn) i» that by J. Q. Ebeling in the 
Qeutliohe Andaehten, 1666, to "Warumeollt 
ich mioh denn griimen." The hymn is a very 
beantifni one, but somewhat long, and thus 
generally abridged. 
Tnaelatuuia in 0. TJ. :— 

1. Let the valse of f lad thankaglvlaf A good 
tr. of st. L-ili, vi.-ix., by A. T. Russell, as No. 
15 in the Dalttm Hospital H. Bk., 1848, and 
repeated, omitting the tr». of st. vi.-vSiL as No, 
56 in Ms own Pt. f Bye., 1851, 



398 FROM ALL THAT DWELL 

S. All my heart tbla night lejetees. Abeautifu) 
but rather free tr., omitting st. iii.-T., iiii., 
sir, by Miss Winkworth in the 2nd series of 
her Lyra Ger., 1858, p, 13, repeated in full in 
Brown-Borthwick's 8*ppl. My. # TuneBi., 1867, 
and omitting the tr. of st. vl. in J. L. Porter's Coll. 
1876. In Miss Wink worth's C.B. for England, 
18S3, Ko 31, the trs, of st. ii., vi., sii. ore 
omitted. The more important centos are the tin. 
of st. i., ii., vii., viii. in Ch. Hys., 1871, Allon's 
Suppl. Hys., &a. ; and the trs. of i., vii.-ii,, iii., 
xv. in the Suppi. of 1880 to the Bapt. Ps. $ 
Hys., 1858; and in America in the Dutch Re- 
formed Hys. of the Church, 1869, the Hys. and 
Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874, &c. Other centos 
are in the A'ew Zealand Hyl., 1872, the Bnang. 
Jfyl., N. Y., 1880, the Methodist 8. 8. H. Bk., 
1888, and Laades Domini, K. IT., 1884. 

3. All my heart with joy i* aprtnglng. A good 
but free tr. by Dr. Kennedy, as No. 100 in his 
Hymno. Christ., 1863, omitting st. iiL-r., ii., 
siit,, siv. His trs, of st. i., ii., vi.., vii. were re- 
peated in the Anglican H. Bk., 1871. 

4, Lightly bound my boaom, ringing. Tn full, 
by Dr. M. Loy, in the Ohio Lutk Jfyl., 1880. 

Tn. ant in 0. V. t — 

(1) " Now In His manger He so humbly lies," a tr. of 
et. t. as Ko. 439 In pt. I. of the Xbratian B. Bk., 1T44. 
(2) ** Up, my heart 1 rejoice vith singing," as a broad- 
sheet for Christmas, II To, (3) " Rise, my soul, shake 
off all ssdness," by P. H. Moltber, as So. 38 in the 
Moravian if. Blc., \lm nsse, No. 3S). (4) " Now with 
jov iay beset Is bounding," by J. Kelly, 1861, p. 19. 
(B) "up I with gladness heavenward swinging, by 
B. Hattie, 1SST, p. 34. (6) "Joyful be my spirit 
staging," by JV. L. frothinghsm, 1810, p. W0. 
"Joyful shall my heart, upsprlnging, by M. 
Slryker, 1883, p. 30. [J. M.] 

From all that dwell below the skies. 

1. Watts. [Ptdlm cxvii.} This paraphrase 
appeared in his Psalms of David, 1719, as 
follows: — 

" Psalm csvir. Long Metre. 

" From all that dwell below the Skies 
Let the Creator's Praise arise: 
Let the Redeemer's Name be sung 
Thro' every Land, by eveiy Tongue, 
11. 

" Eternal are thy Mercies, Lord ) 
Eternal Truth attends thy Word ; 
Tby Praise shall sound from Shore to Shore 



£ 



by 
Till sous shall rise and Bet no more." 

In this its original form this hymn is in 
extensive use in all English-speaking coun- 
tries. It has also been (r. into several lan- 
guages, including Latin, by Bingham, in his 
llym.no. Christ. Latino, 1871 : — " Magn« Crea- 
torls cnnctU altum aethera subter." 

2. A second form of the hymn appeared 
about 1780, under the following circumstances. 
John Wesley, in the Preface tj his Pocket 
Hymn-book for the Use of Christians of All 
Denomination*, dated Nov. 15, 1786, says: — 

*■ A few yens ago 1 was desired by many of our 

C sellers to prepare and publish a small Pocket Hymn- 
k, to be used In common In our Societies. This I 
promised to do, as toon as I had finished some other 
business, -which was then on my hands. But before I 
could do this, a Bookseller stepped in, and without my 
consent or knowledge, extracted such a Hymn-book 
chiefly from our works, and spread several editions of it 
throughout the klnsjoom. Two years ago I published a 
Pocket Hymn-book according to my promise. But moat 
of our people were supplied already with the other 
Hymns. And these are largely circulated still. To cut 
off all pretence ftom the Methodists for buying them, 
our Brethren in the late Conference at Bristol advised 
me to print the same Hymn-book which had been 
prlutcd at fork. Tbisl have done in the present volume; 
only with this difference," te. 



PKOM EGYPT LATELY COME 

The hyrau-book here referred to is : — 
A Peektt itynm-boofe designed at a constant Compa- 
nion for Me Qiaos, eottttttd from various Authors, 
York, S. $pcnce [c. lTao], sta erf., if as. 

From this hymn-book J. Wesley reprinted 
in his Pocket Hymn-book, 1786,Walts's "From 
all that dwell below the shies," with these 
additional lines in one stanza : — 

" Your lofty themes, ye mortals, bring. 
In songs of praise divinely slog; 
The great salvation loud proclaim, 
And sliout for Joy tbe Saviour's name: 
In ev'ry land begin the song; 
To ey'ry land the strains belong j 
In cheerful sounds all voices raise, 
And All the world with loudest praise." 

The original, together with these lines from 
the York book, pussed into several collection* 
as a hymn in 4 st. of 4 I. The cento in litis 
form is in C. U. in G. Britain and America. 

3. A third form of the text is also in C- U. 
It appeared in the 18^0 Supplement to the 
Wei. H. Bk., No. 693. It is composed of 
Watts's original, four lines from tno York 
Pocket Book text, and Up. Ken's dosology, 
" Praise God from whom all blessings flow," Ac 
This was omitted in the 1875 revised ed. of 
the Wet. H. Bk., in favour of Watls'a original 
test. [J. J.j 

From all Thy saints in warfare, for 
all Thy saints at rest. Earl Nelson. 
[Saints' Days, Special and General.'] This 
hymn was suggested to the author by the 
hymn, " Ye saints ! in blest communion," by 
Dr. Monsell, in his Hys. of Love and Praise, 
1863, the design being the same, which is to 
furnish a general beginning and ending suit- 
able for a nymn for any special Saint's Day, 
and to supply intermediate stanzas suitable 
for the persons specially to be commemorated. 
It was 1st pub. in a small volume entitled, 
Hymn for Saints' Day, and other Hymns. By 
a Layman, 1864. " Borne verses were contrU 
bnted by friends of the author ; and the 
whole was revised by himself for the Sarum 
Hymmt, 1868" (Church Hys. folio ed., Notes, 

£. iliv.). Usually this text is repeated in the 
ymn-booka. The S. P. C. E. Church Hys. 
is an exception in favour of a few minor altera- 
tions, and the addition of a new stanza (xviii.) 
for "All Saints." [J. J.] 

From distant corners [places] of our 
land. W.L.Alexander. Written in 1847 for 
the Annual Meeting of the Congregational 
Union of Scotland, and is usually printed on 
the programmo of the Anniversary from year 
to year. It was pub. in Dr. Alexander's 
Augustine H. Bk., 1849, in 7 st. of 4 1., and 
from thence has aassed into various hymnals, 
in some cases reSfthig " From distant places 
of our land." [J. JJ 

From. Egypt lately come. T. Kelly. 
[Seeking a Better Country.'] 1st pub. in lug 
ColL of Pt. d> Hys. extracted from Various 
Authors, with an Appendix, 180% No. 250, in 
7 st. of 6 1. It was repeated in the numerous 
editions of his Hys. 011 Various Postages of 
Scripture, &c., from the first, 1801, to the 
latest, 1833. It is rarely given in its original 
and full form. The version, " From Egypt's 
bondage come," appeared in Cotterill's Sel, 
8th ed., 1819, and was repeated in Mont- 
gomery's Christian Psalmist, 1835. It came 



FROM EVERY STORMY 

into general use, and U a popular form of the 
hymn. Other altered testa are in Bicker- 
steth's Christian Psalmody, 1833 ; Hall's Mitre, 
1836; the B. P. 0. K. Church Hymns, 1871, 
*o. These begin with the samo aret line as 
in CotteriH, but differ somewhat in the body 
of the test The same differences are repeated 
in tho American collections, but most of these 
are in error as to date. In a few hymn-books 
the hymn opens with st. iL, " To Canaan's 
sacred bound," as in tho Marylcbone P«. <fc 
Hys., 1851. £J. J.] 

From every stormy wind that blows. 

H. StouteU. [The mercy^eat] Appeared in 
The W inter's Wreath, a Collection of original 
Contributions in Prose and Verse (Lond. and 
Liverpool), 1828 (Preface dated 1827), p. 23i>, 
in G st. of 4 1. Thia collection was an illus- 
trated annual, begun in 1828 and continued 
to 1832 inclusive. In 1831 this hymn was re- 
written and included in the 1st cd. of the 
author's Ps. A Hys., No. 210. This revised 
test is that which has been adopted by all 
editors of modem collections. It is given in 
full in the revised ed. of the same Sel. of Hy»~, 
1877, p. 168, with a return to the original 
of "cold and still," instead of "stiff and 
still," in st. vi. as in the revised text of 1831. 
Tho hymn, often in 5 st., is in voir extensive 
use in all English-speaking countries.. [J. J.] 

From fisher's net, from fig-tree's 
shade. J. S. B. Monsell. [St. Matthew.} 
Appeared in his Spiritual Songs, 1857, in 12 st. 
of i ]., on St, Matthew, the Apostle, and en- 
titled, " Tho man of Business." It is some- 
times given in an abridged form, beginning 
with st. iii., "Out of the busiest haunts of 
life," as in Porters Chmclrman's Hymnal. 
1876. [3.3.] 

From fbes that would the land de- 
vour. Bp. B. Heber. [National Hymn.] 
Appeared in his posthumous Hymns,&e. 1827, 
for the 23rd Sun. after Trinity, in 2 st of 8 1. 
Although not usually used as such it is well 
adapted as a national hymn. Dr. Kennedy 
gives it in bis Hymno. Christ., 1863, No, 735, 
in an unaltered form, as one of a group of 
national hymns, under " Easter." Although 
but little used in G. Britain, it is given m 
several American hymnals. [J, J.] 

From glory unto glory. Frances B. 
HavergaL [Personal Contecration — Ntu> 
Year.} Written at Winterdyne, Deo. 24, 
1873, first printed as ft New Year's leaflet, 
Jan. 1st, 1874, and then pub. in her work 
Under the Sarfaoe, March, 1874, in 20 st. of 
4 1. Concerning this hymn the author says 
that it was the reflection of " that flash of 
electric light, when I first saw clearly tho 
blessedness of true consecration, Dec 2, 1873. 
I could not have written tho hymn before. It 
is a wonderful word from ' glory unto glory.' 
May we more and more claim and realize all 
that is folded up in it." The sequel to this 
hymn is, " Far more exceeding," written April, 
1876, 1st printed in Oar Own Fireside; and 
then pub. in Under His Shadow, Nov. 1879 
(hav. mss.). [J, J.] 

From Greenland's ley mountains. 



FROM GREENLAND'S ICY 899 

Bp. B. fleber. Mrs. Heber's account of the 
origin of this hymn for Missions is that, 

" la tbe course of this year [1S19J * royal Letter fu 
granted authorizing collections ia every Church and 
Chapel of England in furtherance of the Eastern ope- 
rations of toe Society for Propagating tbe Gotpel. 
Mr. Reginald Heber went to Wrexham to bear tbe Dean 
of S. Asaph [bis father-in-law] preach on the day 
appointed, and at hie request, he wrote the hymn com- 
mencing ■ From Greenland's icy mountains," which was 
first aung la that beautiful Church." (Jfcmoira, vol. 1. 

p. 510.) 

The original Ma was subsequently secured 
from tuo printer's file by Dr. Raffles, of Liver- 
pool, and has been reproduced in facsimile by 
Hughes of "Wrexham. On a flyleaf of the 
facsunilo is an interesting account of its 
origin, by the late Thomas Edgwortli, solicitor, 
Wrexham. Mr. Edgworth's account agrees 
with that given by Mrs. Heher in the .Memoirs, 
but is more circumstantial : — 

" On Whitsunday, 1810, tbe late Dr. Shipley, Dean 
of St. Asaph, and Vicar of Wrexham, preached a Sermon 
in Wrexham Church in aid of the Society for the Pro- 
pagation of tbe Gospel In Foreign Parts. That day 
waa also fixed upon for the cummencement of the 
Sunday Evening Lectures Intended to be established in 
the Church, and the late Bishop of Calcutta (Heber\ 
then rector of Hodnet, tbe Dean's son-in-law, undertook 
to deliver tlie first lecture. In the course of tbe Satur- 
day previous, the Dean and his son-in-law being 
together In the Vicarage, the former requested Heber to 
write 'something for them to sing in the morning;* 
and he retired fur that purpose from the table where 
tlie Dean and a few friends were sitting, to a distant 
part of tlie room. In a short time the Dean enquired, 
' What have you written ? ' Heber having then com- 
posed the three first verses, read them over. ' There, 
there, that will do very well/ said tbe Dean. ' Jtfo, no, 
the sense is not complete,' replied Heher. Accordingly 
be added tbe fourth verge, and the Dean being inexorable 
to his repealed request cf 'Let me add another, O let 
me add another,' thus completed the hymn of which 
the annexed ia a fac-simlle, and which has Blnce become 
so celebrated. It was sung tbe next morning in Wrex- 
ham Church, the first time. E." 

The text of the facsimile shows that Heber 
originally wrote st ii. 1. 7, " Tho savage in his 
blindness," but altered it in the MS. to " The 
heiitJien in his blindness." In the its., st ii., 
1.2,roadH, "Blowsofto'erCeylon'sisIe," This 
is altered in the Hymns, 1827, to " Blow soft 
o'er Java's isle," but for what reason is un- 
known. 

During the latter part of 1822 Heber was 
offerod the Bishopric of Calcutta. Early in 
the following year a correspondent, signing 
himself " J.," forwarded the hymn to the editor 
of the Christian Observer, with a note in whioh, 
after referring to Heber's recent appointment 
to tho Bishopric, and to the beauty of bis 
muse, ho adds, " tho hymn having appeared 
some time sinco in print with tho name of 
Reginald Heber annexed, I can feel no scruple 
in annexing the name to it on the present 
occasion." This note, followed by the hymn, 
was published in that magazine in February, 
1823, and Heber was consecrated in the Juno 
following. In 1827 it was republished by his 
widow in Hymns written and adapted to the 
Weekly Church Service, p. 139, entitled, " Before 
a Collection made for the Society for the Pro- 
pagation of the Gospel," and signed " R. H.," 
in common with the rest of Heber's hymns. 
It was subsequently reprinted in Heber's 
Works, in 1842. Its use is very extensive in 
all English-speaking countries ; and it has 
been rendered into various languages, includ- 
ing Latin, in Arundines Garni, p. .225 ; and 
German by Dr. C. G. Barth, in his Chrht* 



400 FBOM HIDDEN BOUBCB 

liche Gediehte, Stuttgart, 1836, p. 65, and re- 
peated in Biggs's Annotated H. A. & M., 1867. 

fj. J.] 
From hidden source arising. B. F. 
LitiUdale. [Common of Evangelists.] Writ- 
ten for and 1st pub. in the People's H., 1867, 
No. 201, in 8 at of 4 L, and signed "L." In 
1869, st i.-v, were given in the Appendix to 
the S. P. O. K. Ps. * Hyt. r No. 313, and a new 
stanza ("For this Thy fourfold Gospel") 
was added thereto. In this form it passed into 
the S. P. C. K. Church Hymns, 1871. The 
idea of the hymn is both old and beautiful, 
that of comparing the four Evangeliebi to the 
four great rivers which issued from Eden. It 
is worked out in another form in sculpture and 
painting, where the rivers give place to the 
" four living creatures " of Kev. iv. 7. Mrs. 
Alexander has also utilized Ez. i. 10, in her 
hymn, " From out the cloud of amber light," 
in the same direction. [J. JJ 

From highest heaven the Eternal 
Son. Sir H. W. Baker. [Praise for Redemp- 
Um.] 1st pub. in if. A. & M., 1861, and re- 
peated, with the alteration in st. ii., 1. 1, of 
" Sing out," to " Rejoice," in the ed. of 1875. 

From Jesus' eyes, beside the grave. 

Bp. C Wordtneorth, of Lincoln. [Consecration 



Up. 

of} 



of Burial Ground.] 1st pub. in his Holy Year, 
1862, p. 223, in 13 st. of 4 1. In the latest 
editions of the Holy Tear it is divided into 
two ports, Pt. ii. beginning, " I heard a voice 
from heaven, The dead," Ac. A portion of this 
hymn, beginning with st. iii. — -** Faith, looking 
on this hallow'd ground," is No. 281 in Skin- 
ner's Daily Service Hymnal, 1864. [J. J.] 

From out the cloud of amber light. 
Cecil F. Alexander. [St. Mark.) Contributed 
to the revised ed. of if. A. & M., 1875. 

From pole to pole let others roam. 

J, Newton. [Security in Christ.'] Pub. in the 
Olney Hymns, 1779, Bk, i., No. 69, in 8 st. of 
4 1., and headed, " Tho Lord is my Portion." 
It is found in a few collections in G. Britain 
and America. In the American Songs for the 
Sanctuary, N. Y., 1865, st. ii.-v. are given as, 
" Jesus, Who on His glorious throne. [J. J.] 

From the courier [guiding] star that 
led. Bp. E. H. Biekersteth. [Love.] Writ- 
ten in 1873, and 1st printed in a small volume 
for private circulation, Sottg* in the House of 
Pilgrimage [1875J, in 5 at. of 10 L, and based 
an St. John xxi. 15-17, "Lovest thou Me?" 
Ac. In 1S76 it was given in the HI Comp., 
No, 298, as "From the guiding star," ten., this 
being the onl j change in the text 

From the Cross uplifted high. T. 
Baweis. [Passiontide.] 1st pub. in bis Car- 
uhtmj Christo, &c„ 1792, in 4 st of 6 1., and 
based on SI John vii. 37. Its use iu G. 
Britain is very limited, but in America it ib 
given in many collections. In the Dutch Re- 
formed Hys of the Church, N. ¥., 1869, it is 
attributed to " Harvey," in error, and the text 
is slightly altered. Orig. text in Hys. and 
Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874. [J. J.] 

From the depths to Thee, O Lord. 
W. Bartholomew. [Lent.] Contributed from 
his use. by his widow to Hall and Laaar's 
Evangelical Hymnal, N. Y. t 1880, No. 292, in 



FBOTHINQHAM, OCTAVIUS B. 

3 st of 5 1. The tune Nineveh, which accom. 
panles it, is by Mrs. Bartholomew. 

From the heaven of heavens de- 
scending. Bp. E. H. Biekersteth. [& 8. 
Teachers.^ " A Centenary Hymn for Teach- 
ers," written for the Centenary of Sunday 
Schools, 1880, and published in the Church 
Sunday School Institute Magazine, June, 1880, 
in 6 st of 4 L 

From 'whence these dire portents 
around. S. Wesley, jun. [Good Friday.] 
1st pub. in his Poems on Several Occasions, 
1736, p. 136, in 7 st. of 4 L, and headed, " On 
the Passion of Our Saviour." In 1737, 6 st 
were given in J. Wesley's Charles-Town 
(America) CoU. of Ps. <£ Hys., as No, 6 of the 
" Ps. & Hys. for Wednesdays and Fridays." It 
was repeated in tho Wesley Ps. <fc Hys., 1741, 
and in the 1830 Supp. to the Wes. II. Bk., 
but omitted from the revised ed. of 1875. It 
is found in several modern collections in G. 
Britain and America. In one or two of the 
latter it reads, " From whence these direful 
omens round f " [J. J.] 

From year to year in love we meet. 

J. Montgomery. [8. 8. Anniversary.] This 
hymn was evidently written for one of the 
great gatherings of Sunday School children at 
Whitsuntide, at Sheffield. It is No. 545 in 
hia Christian Psalmitt, 1825, in 6 st. of 4 1. 
It did not appear in the first copies of the 1st 
ed. of his Original Hymns, 1853, but took the 
place of a cancelled hymn ("Our hearts are 
glad to hear," No. 338) in later copies of the 
same issue, but was omitted from the Index. 
It is popular with modern compilers. [J, J.] 

Frothingham, Nathaniel Iiangdon, 
d.d., b. at Boston July 23rd, 1793, and gra- 
duated at Harvard 1811, where he was also 
sometime Tutor. From 1815 to 1850 he was 
Pastor of the First Church (Unitarian), Bos- 
ton, and subsequently attended as a worshipper 
the church where he had been 35 years minister 
till his sight and strength failed him. He d. 
April 4th, 1870. His Metrical Pieces, in 2 
vols., were pub. in 1855 and 1870. 

1. O Ovd, Who** preuaee glows in all. Ordi- 
nation. This im written in 1828 for the ordi- 
nation of W. B. Lnnt, New York. 

t, W« meditate the day. Installation. Written 
in 1835 for Mr. Ltint'i installation at Qnincy, 
Man., as Co-pastor with Peter Whitney. 

S. Lord of lite and troth, and fiaie. Ordi- 
nation. Also a special hymn. It was composed 
for the ordination of H. W. Bellowes, New 
York, 1839. It is found in common with Nos. 1 
and 2 in Froth ingham's Metrical Pieces, 1855. 
These it etricat Pieces are unknown to the English 
Collections. [F. M. 6.] 

Frothingham, Oetavius Brooks, 
M.A., son of Dr. N. I*. Frothingham, was b. 
at Boston, Nov. 26, 1822, and educated at 
Harvard, graduating in Arts, 1843, and in 
Theology, 1846. Inl847 he became Pastorat 
Salem, from whence he passed to Jersey City, 
1855 ; and again to the 3rd Unitarian Society, 
New York, 1860. His works are numerous 
and well known. Mr. Frothingham is known 
as a leader of the Free Beligious movement. 
His hymn, " Thou Lord of Hosts, Whose guid- 
ing hand " (Soldiers of the Cross), was written 



fbOhlinqsluft, um blaue 

for the Graduating Exendse of the class of 
1846 (we also "God of the earnest heart"), 
and pub. in the sameyeaT in Longfellow and 
Johnson's Book of Hymns, No. 425. It bus 
been adopted by Dr. Martineau in his Hye. of 



FUNCKE, FBIEDKICH 



401 



Praise * Prayer, 1873. 



[F. M. B.] 



Frahlingaduft, tun. blaue Bene 
Bpielend. [Attention.] On type* of the 
Besnrreotion, suggested l>y St John xiv. 19, 
Appeared in Knapp's Chrietoterpe, 1836, p. 
149, in 5 rt. of 4 L, entitled, " To my sister?' 
Tr. as "Breezes of Spring, all earth to life 
awaking," by Miss Borthwick in the Family 
Treasury, 1862, pL i. p. 289, and in H. L. L„ 
1862, p. 93 (1881, p. 234). [J. M.] 

Frtihmorgens da die Sonn aufgeht, 

J. Heermaim. [Eaiter.'] lit pub. in hi* 
Dewti mvriea cordis, Breslau, 1630, p. 66, in 
19 Bt of 4 ]., with alleluias, and entitled, 
"Easter Hymn. How that Christ had arisen, 
and what wo thence derive for instruction and 
consolation." Included in Mattel!., 1858, No. 
31; in Waekern»gel'Bcd.of his Geiitl. Lieder, 
No. 19 ; and in the Vnv. L. S., 1851, No. 136. 

Tha torn. to C. IT. are ; — 

1, lit! with this moraiat's dawning; ray. A 
good ir. of st. i., viii., tx., xv. by A. T. Russell, 
as No. 114 in hit Ps. f B~ys., 1851. 

I. Xre yet the dawn hatit ftllM tha skies. A 
good tr. of it. i., iii., iv., ivi., xviii., lis. by Miss 
Winkwerth in the 2nd Series of her Lyra Ger., 
1858, p. 38. Repeated as No. 57 in her C. B.for 
England, 1863, and as No. 82 in tha Ohio Lath. 
Hyl., 1880. In the Ibrvx HyL, 1871, the trt. of 
st. iviii,, xix. are omitted. 

Other t». m»: (t) " Dotb Jesus live ? why sin I sad," 
of st. vr. as No. 333 In pt. 1. of the A&mvian H. £fc,, 
ITS4. (2) "In the grey or tbe morning when shades 
pass away," by Xia Dtatn, 18SJ, p. M. [J. M] 

Fry, Caroline. [Wflson, c] 

Fuger, Caspar. Two Lutheran clergy- 
men of this name, apparently father and son, 
seem to havo lived in Dresden in the 16th 
cent. The elder seems to have been for some 
time at Torsau, and then court preacher at 
Dresden to Duke Heinrich and his widow, and 
to have d. at Dresden, 1592. Various works 
appeared under his name between 1564 and 
1592. The younger was apparently b. at 
Dresden, where he became tWd master and 
then corrector in the Kreuzschule. He was 
subsequently ordained diaconus, and d. at 
Dresden, July 24, 1617 (Koch, ii. 215-216 ; 
WeUti, i. 303 ; Waekernagd, as below, and i. 
pp. 459, 513, 569). The hymn, 

Wir Dhristanlent fcabea jetaund fraud [Christ- 
mas], is quoted by Wackernagel, iv. p. 10, from 
Drey ec/iSne Setee Geiattic&e Gesenge, 1592, and 
from the Dresden 6. B., 1593, in 5 st. of 6 1. 
Wackernagel thinks it was written about 1552. 
Bode, p. 417, cites it as in Georg Pondo's Eine 
kortxt Gomtidien eon der Qeburt do Herren 
Chritti extant in a lis. copy, dated 1589, in the 
Royal Library at Berlin. It is probably by tbe 
elder Fuger, though Wetzel and others ascribe 
it to the younger. Included in many later 
hymn-books, and recently as No. 57 in the Um. 
L, &, 1851. The only tr. in C. II. is :— 

lf"» Ohrtstiui may reJo£« te-iaj, a good and 
fuU tr. by Miss Winkworth in her C. B. for 
England, 1863, No. 34, [J. «.] 



Fulbert of Chftrtros, Saint and Bishop 
(St. Fulbertus Carnotensis), flourished in the 
lltli century, having been consecrated Bishop 
of ChartreH (probably) in 1007, and dying on 
April 10th, 1028. His collected works were 
pub. at Paris in 1608, but with the exception 
of one hymn, "Chorus novae Hieruaalem" 
(q.v.), are very little known. That hymn in its 
original Latin form was included in the Sarum 
Breviary, and, in one English form or another, 
finds a place in most of our English Hymnals 
as " Ye choirs of New Jerusalem." [D. S. W.] 

FulgenB praeclara rutilat. [Hatter."] 
This is given in the Sarum, Hereford, and 
Torft M'asots as the sequence for Easter Day. 
It was also of common use in France. Mark, 
1868, No. 68, gives it in pari from a 14th cent 
bs. at Lucerne, and this is repeated in A'efcrein, 
1873, No, 95, Danitl, ii. 175, und v. 61, refers 
to it, but dues not give tlio text. The oldest 
f<i]m known is in (he Bodleian us. 775, c. 1000 
(f. 142) ; in Hn 11th cent. Winchester bnok luiw 
in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge (No. 
473); und in on lit!) a ut. us. in the British 
Museum (H rl. 2961, f. 253). It was tr. uft— 

Bright flows tha mora this £aatar*day. By 
Dean Plnmptre for the Hynmary ; and pub. 
therein, 1872. It is appointed to be sung at 
Holy Communion on Easter-day. Another tr. is, 
"This day the dawn glows bright above the 
sun," by C. B. Pearson, and given in his Se- 
quence! from the Sarum Missal, 1870. [J. M.] 

FtLUer - Mftitland, Frances Sara- 
See pp. 774, i. ; 1557, L 

Fuller, If argaret. [Osssli, M. r. c. s,] 
Fnmant Sabaeis templa vaporlbua. 
Jean Baptitle de SanteUiL [Purtjicatian.'] 
Appeared in tlio Cluniac Breviary, 1688, p. 
930, and in his Hymni Sacri et Nod, 1B89 (ed. 
1698, p. 66). It was given in tiie Farit Bre- 
viary, 1736, and is also in Card. Newman's 
Hymni Eeeletiae, 1838 and 1865. Tr. as :— 

Bw«t isscou hresthes stennd. In the Prefac* 
(q. v.) to his Hys. ir.from the Parisian Breviary, 
1839, I. Williams says that this tr. was sup- 
plied to that work "by a friend." It is given at 
r j>. 185, in 6 st. of 6 1. It appears in Skinner's 
Daily Service Hymnal, 1864, and others altered, 
and abbreviated to 4 st. 

Another tr. Is : — 

To tbe temple's heights. J. D. Chmbert, lgee, p. S3. 

[J. J.] 

Funoke, Friedrieh, was b. at Nossen in 
the Harz, where he was baptised March 27, 
1642. After receiving a general and nmsirai 
education at Freiberg and Dresden, he became 
cantor at Perleberg, and then, in 1664, Stadt 
Cantor at Lfineburjf. He was, in 1694, ap- 
pointed pastor at Rimstedt, a few miles south 
of Luneburg, and d. there Oct. 20, 1699. He 
revised the Liineburg O. B., 1686, and contri- 
buted to it 43 melodies and 7 hymns (Blatter 
fUr Hymnolonie, 1884, pp. 115, 135, 146 ; 1885, 
p. 121), Ono has passed into English, viz. : — 

Eaueh nas naoh dir, so kommen wir. [Asceniion- 
tide.] 1st pub. in the Luneburg Stadt G. B., 
1888, No. 593, in 5 st. of 4 1., signed " F. F.," 
and founded on Canticles L 4. Repeated in 
Freylinghansen's a. B., 1705, No. 699, the 
Berlin 6. L. 8., ed. 1863, Ufa. 341, and many 
other collections, OfUo wrongly ascribed to 

2D 



402 



FUNEBI NB DATE 



LudSmSia Elizabeth (q.v.), or to Friedrioh lb- 
bricius (b. April 20, 1642, at Stettin, and d. there 
Nov. 11,1703, as Pastor of St. Nicholas's Church). 
The only tr. in C. U. is : — 

]ni iu to The*, Lord Jmuo. A somewhat 
free tr. omitting st. ii. by Miss Winkworth in 
her C. B.for England, 1863, No. 68. Repeated 
in Dr. Thomas's Au;/ustine H. Bk., 1866, Marl- 
borough College H. lik., 1869, and in America iu 
the Pennsylvania Luth. C7i. Bk., 1868. 

Other t», an s fi)" Draw us, Saviour, then will we," 
by Jfiit Dunn, 185>, p, 102. (2) "Draw lis to Thee, 
Su shall we flee," by jr. L. Frothingham, 1S70, p. «6. 

Tho hymn begiuuing, " Draw us to Thee, in 
mind find heart," by A. T. Russell, i a 4 s t., as 
No. 269 111 his Ps. A Hjw., 18S1, while not a tr. 
of, id based on this Gorman hymn. Bepeated 
in Dr. Pagenstechcr's Coll., 1864, and iu J. h. 
Porter's Coll, 187G. [J. M,] 

Funeri ne date planctum. [Burial.] 
A Sequence at a CMld'a Funeral, in Graduel 
de Paris, 1734, and the Paris JHugal, 1764. 
Its authorship ie unknown. IV. m : — 

1. Iirt no tear* to-day to abed. A terse and pa- 
thetic tr. by K. F. Littledale. This appeared 
first in the Church Times, Nov. 10, 1865, again 
in W. C. DU's Hymns $ Carols, 1869, and in the 
8. P. C. K. Church Hymns, 1871, "For the 
Burial of a Child," In the Preface to the latter 
collection it is attribute! to W, C. Dix in error. 
Thia is corrected in the Notet of the folio edition. 

>. Weep net at our pomp funeral. By T. I. 
Ball, in the 1878 ed. of the 1862 Appendix to 
the Hymnal N., No. 369, 

8. TT»il ye not, but requiems alng. By Jane E. 
Leeson, in her Hys. and Scene* of Child/hod, 
1842, pt. ii. p. 205, and the S. Margaret's 
Hymnal [East Grinstead], 1875. [J. J J 

Funk, Gottfried Benedict, was b. Not. 
29, 1731, at Hartenstein, Saxony, and educated 
at the Gymnasium of Freiberg and the Uni- 
versity of Leipzig. In 1756 lie became tutor 
in the family of J. A Cramer, then court 
preacher nt Copenhagen. He returned to Ger- 
many in 1769 as subrector of the Cathedral 
Sohool at Magdeburg, becoming rector in 1772 ; 
and being also appointed a member of the 
consistory in 1785 and Doctor of Theology in 
1801. He d. at Magdeburg, June 18, 1811. 

One of the best teachera of bie time, he was also 
cue of Its raoet saccessftal bymn^wrlten. fila hymns, 
36 in all, appeared (1) la the G. H. fiir 8. Petri, 
Konenhigen, 1160. (2) ZoUitofer's Jfeuet G. B,, 
Leipzig, lies, (3) the Magdeburg O. B., W06. (4) 
In bis ScKrtften, Berlin, 1820-21. 

Four of his hymns have passed into Eng- 
lish, viz. : — 

i. Dor unire Mensohheit as sioh nahm. Second 
Advent. 1760, No. «3, in 7 st. 1820, v, I. p. 6ft. Tr. 
by Br. B. Mills, 1845 (law, p. 3*). 

ii. lob iey Got*, dtr den Fiubling (shaft, 
spring. lTso, No, J94, In 9 fit. isso, v. L p. 34 
(Oelobt aey"). TV. by Mitt Fry, 1S5», p. IDS. 

iii. Lob ley Gott, der den Xargen. Morning. 
1766, No. TO, in t et. 1920, v. I. p. 26. Tr. by H. J. 
BuckoHl, 1342, p. 08 ; and by y. L. Frethingkam, 1870, 

It. "Wie iat nuin Sen ao fa™ van dir. Peni- 
tence. 1B0S, No. StS6, In 6 St. 1820, v. 1. p. ». Tr. by 

Or. a. MiXtt, vms, tiate, p. 123). [J, M.] 

Ftir alien Freuden auf Erden. Jtt 
Luther. [Praise of Music.'] 1st pnb. in Lob 

and preit der IdoUchen Kuntt Mutioa, Witten- 
berg, 1538 ; and then in the Geistliche Lieaw, 



FUBNESS, WILLIAM H. 

Wittenberg, 1513, entitled "Preface to all 
good hymn-boolw." In Waakemagel, iii. p. 
29, in 40 lines. 

Tbetre. are : (1)" Search ye tbe world— search all 
nrounil, by Dr. J. Hunt, 1B53, p. 118. (2) "Of all the 
joys earth possesses,*' by Dr. G-. RfacdnnaLtl, in the San- 
dag Jfogafitie, 1867, and Ln Ida B&Aict, lttfs. (3) "Of 
all the Joys tliat are on earth," by Mist Winkwortk. 1869, 
p. 1, repeated in Dr. Bacon, 1884. [J. M,] 

Furneas, William Henry, d.s,, b. in 
Boston, 1802, and graduated at Harvard in 
Arts and Theology, 1820. From 1825 ho has 
been tin Unitarian- Pastor in Philadelphia. 
He is an accomplished scholar, and lias been 
an active worker in reforms of various Muds. 
His publications are numerous and include a 
Manual of Domestic Worship, 1810, and a tr. 
of Schiller's Song of Vie Bell. Hie hymna are 
somewhat numerous, and several of them 
have great merit. The best and most widely 
used are; — 

1. Father in heaven, to Thee my heart, fiesig- 
nation. Appeared in The Christian Disciple, 
1822. It was repeated in this form in some of 
the older collections, and a few modern hymnals, 
including the Boston Unitarian Hy, [^ Tune") Bk., 
18S8. In 1846 it was given in Longfellow and 
Johnson's Bk. of Hys. as " Father in heaven, to 
WAom our hearts ; " again in their Hys. of the 
Spirit, 1864, and in Dr. Martiaeau's Hys. of 
Praise fy Prayer, 1873. Thia hymn is sometimes 
ascribed to "H. Ware," but in error. 

5. Feeble, hetpleaa, hew shall T. t Jjsuj our 
Leader. 1st pub. in the Cheshire Unitarian 
Christian Hys., 1844, No. 272, in 5 st. of 4 1. 
It is in several modern collections, including 
Lyra Sac. Americana, 1868 ; Tiling's Coll., 1882. 

3, Have meroy, Father. Divine direction de- 
sired. Contributed to Dr. Martineau's Hys. of 
P/ofse and Prayer, 1873, in 2 st. of 6 1. 

4, Here in a world of doubt, Ps. xlU. Con- 
tributed to the N. V. Lutheran Coll., 1834, and 
repeated in his Manual of Domestic Worship, 
1840, Martineau's Hymns, &c, 1873. 

E, Here in the broken bread. Holy Commnnim. 
Appeared in the Appendix to the Philadelphia Uni- 
tarian Coll., 1828. It is in a few modern collec- 
tions, including the Boston Unitarian Hymn [and 
2Ww] Bh„ 1868. 

6, Holy Father, Qraeiotu sit Thou. Purity $ 
Peace. Contributed to Dr. Martineau's Hymns, 
&c, 1873, in 1 st, of 12 I. 

1. I feel -within a want. Likeness to Christ 
desired. Appeared in the Cheshire (U. S.) Uni- 
tarian Christian Hys., 1844, No. 687, in 4 st. of 
4 1, It ie in a few collections both old and new. 

B. In the morning I will raiae [pray]i jtfbrnjnj. 
Appeared in his Manual of Domestic Worship, 
1840, in 6 st. of 4 1., and repeated in Dr. Mar- 
tineau's Hymns, Stc, 1873. Ia Longfeiiow aud 
Johnson's Boot of Hymns, 1846, and the Boston 
Unitarian Hymn [# Tune] Bk. it begins with st. 
!i., " In the morning I will pray." 

5, for * prophet's fee. Holy Communion. 
Pub. in the Appendix to the Philadelphia Uni- 
tarian Coll., 1828, and repeated in the Cheshire 
(V. S.) Unitarian Christian Hymns, 1844, and 
later hymn-books. 

10, Elohly, rfehly have I been. The Prodigal 
Son. In his Manual of Devotion, 1840. In 
Longfellow and Johnson's Booh of Hys., 1846, 
and their Hys. of the Spirit, 1864, it ia given as 
" O richly, Father, have I been"; whilst in 



a 

Hedge & Huntington's Hy*. for the Ch. of Christ, 
185a, the Boston Unitarian By. [and JUne] 
Bk., 18G8, and others, it opens with st, ii., " Un- 
worthy to be called Thy son." 

11. Slowly by Thy [God's] bud unfurled. Eter- 
nal Light. Gireit in his Manual of Domestic 
Worship, 1840, and repeated in a few hymnals. 
In Dra. Hedge & Huntington's Zfys. /or the Ch. 
of Christ, 1853, the first line was changed to 
« Slowly by Gwfs hand unfurled," This is the 
reading of the Boston Unitarian Hymn [$ 2\me] 
Bk., 1868. Dr. Martinean retains the original 
rending in his Hymns, &c., 18T3. 

IS. Than only Living, only True. Ordination. 
In Dr, Msrtineau's Hymn;, he, 1873, where it 
is dated 1868. 

13. To the High sad Holy One. Consecration 
of Church. la Lgra Sac Amer.,l86B. From this 
is taken " To the truth that makes os free " 
(st. ii.), in the Boston Bye. of the Spirit, 1864. 

14. What ie the world that It ehenld ehsiel 
Invocation of the Spirit. Given in The Christian 
Disciple, 1 822, and Dr. Martineau's Hymns, ins., 
1873. It begins with st. ii. of his hymn "Here 
in Thy temple, Lord, we bow." In Lyra Sac. 
Americana it reads, " Oh, is there aught on earth 
to share/ 1 

1». Whit is ibis that (tin within » The Soul. 
Appeared in his Manual of Domestic Worship, 
1840. In 1844 it passed into the Cheshire (U.S.) 
Unitiiriau Christian Hymns, No. 318, and later 
into numerous collections, both old and new. 
Furness d. in 1896. [F, M. B.] 



G 

Q-. in Bristol Bap. Coll., by Ash & Evans> 
1st ed. 1769, and Bippon's Sel, 1787; Ie. 
Thomas Gibbons. 

G. I, W., in Dr. Leifchild's Original Hymnt, 
1842; ie. Mrs. G. L Whiting. 

Q. J. S. The initials of George John Ste- 
venson, appended to a short biographical sketch 
of BMop Ken, which accompanied D. Sedg- 
wick's reprint of Ken's Hymns. 

Q. M., in the Church Timet; ie. the Ber. 

Gerard Moultrie. 

Qv B., in tlie Leeth S. School S. Bk, edi- 
tions 1858 and 1878 ; Le. George Baweon. 

Gabb, James, b.a., was b. at Ebley, Glou- 
cestershire, Feb. 3, 1830, and educated at Gon- 
ville and Cains College, Cambridge, graduating 
in honours in 1854. On taking Holy Orders 
be was curate of Barton-le-Street, 1854-64; 
domestic chaplain to the Earls of Carlisle at 
Castle Howard, 1855-75; curate of Buhner, 
1864-7 ; and icotor of Buhner from 1867. In 
1864 he pub. :— 

(l) Stept to the Throne ; or Jfy&itationi and Prayers 
in Vera (Lond., Nisbet & Co.) containing 318 original 
versions of Psalma & Hymns. In ih?i a second volume, 
including many of tbe hymns in the former work, was 
pub/as (2) syaau and Stmgt of Pilgrim Life ; or Steps 
to Oi throne. (Lend., Nisbet A Oo.1 It contained ios 
hymns & songs. Hit Snglith Sacred Songster (London, 
Sunday School Colon), IBIS, Included 14 hymns by 
Mr. Gabb, one only being new, and It tunes. In 18H 
the hymns in tbe foregoing works were collected, re- 
vised and pub. as (a) TJu WeUmrn Appendix o/ Ori- 
ginal By-Ant and lunei. It comprises 118 hymns, the 
best known being "Jesua. Thon wast once a child," 
and " Saints ewtted bigh In gkiy " (q. v.) 



GALLAUDET, THOMAS H. 403 

The music of The Welburn Appendix was 

edited by Dr. 8. S. Wesley, he contributing 
thereto 22 tones, 10 of which were from his 
European PtalmUk Mr. Gabb also contri- 
buted 44 tunes. This Appendix, although 
limited in use, is worthy of attention, with re- 
gard both to hymns and tunea, by hymnal 
compilers and their musical editors. Many of 
Mr. Gabb's hymns have been rewritten by 
him from time to time. The Wellmrn Appendix 
contains the authorised text. (f. J.j 

Gadaby, William, was b. in 1773 at 
Attleborough, in Warwickshire. In 1793 
he joined the Baptist church at Coventry, 
and in 1798 began to preach. In WOO "a 
chapel was built for him at Desford,in Leices- 
tershire, and two years later another in the 
town of Hinckley. In 1805 he removed to 
Manchester, becoming minister of a chapel 
in Boclidale Bond, where he continued until 
bis death, in January, 1844. Gadaby was for 
many years exceedingly popular as a preacher 
of the High Calvinist faith, and visiled in 
that eapaoity must parts of England. Ho 
pub. The Nazarene's Songs, being a composition 
of Original Hymns, Manchester, 1814 ; and 
Hymns on the Deatli of the Princess Charlotte, 
Manchester, 1817. In 1814 be also pub. A 
Selection of Hymns for PuMio Worship, ap- 
pending thereto a large number of his own 
compositions [Baptist Bymnody, § in., 2], The 
edition of 1882 pub, by hia son J. Gadsby con- 
tains 1 138 hymns, of which 157 are by William 
Gadaby, and form Pt. ii. of the Sel. From 
his point of view they are sound in doctrine, 
but have little poetic fervour, and the rhyme 
is faulty in a large number of instances. Four 
of these hymns are in Dcnham's SA and one 
in the Set. of J. Stevens. [W. B. S.] 

Gall, James, one of the Superintendents 
of the Garrubber's Close Mission, Edinburgh, 
was b. in 1808, and has been associated with 
that mission since its commencement in 1858. 
Before that he had taken great interest in 
Sunday Schools and Church Music. About 
1836, he invented a system of printing music 
without small musical type, a mode of print- 
ing which has been greatly improved by others. 
He pub. Anthems and Sacred Songt in 1843, 
including two of his hymns : — 

1. O come, let us sing to the God of Salvation. Praitt 
for Saltation. 

a. Who bath believed? Who hath believed [ Praia 
to Jans. 

He was also associated with The Sacred 
Song Boofc, 1843, which afterwards was named 
Sacred Mtlodies for Children, and in 1872 
200 Sacred Melodies for Sunday Schools and 
Families (see Bateman, 0. JL). In this collec- 
tion appeared : — 

3. Go sound tbetrnmpcn India's Shore. Mttitmt. 
Another popular hymn is : — 

4. O ! sing the Song of boundless love. Praise for 
the Love of fata. 

This was written Hit tbe Scholars of tbe Free New 
North Mission Sabbath School, in May, mi. 

Mr. Gall has pnb. several prose works, in- 
cluding Instant Salvation; The World for 
Christ; Interpreting Concordance of the Ncte 
Testament; and others. [J. J.] 

Gallaudet, Thomas Hopbine, ll.d., 1>. 
in Philadelphia, Bee 10, 1787, and graduated 



404 



GAMBOLD, JOHN 



at Yale, 1805 ; was a tutor there from 1808-1810, 
and proceeded to Andover in 1811, remaining 
as a student till 1814. Having established an 
Institute for deaf mutes at Hartford, he visited 
Europe in ito interest in 1814-15. From 1817 
to 1830 he was the superintendent of that in- 
stitution, and from 1838 to 1851 chaplain of 
the Insane Asylum, HaTtferd. He d. 1851. 
He pub. sundry juvenile works. In 1845 he 
contributed to the Connecticut Congregational 
Ps. & Hys., No. 409, " Jesus, iu sickness and 
in pain (Looking to Jesus in time of irial). 
Itisin5stof 4L [F.M.B,] 

OHtmbold, John, m.a„ was b. April 10, 

1711, at Punchoston, Pembrokeshire, where his 
father was vicar. Educated at Christ Church, 
Oxford, where he graduated b,a. in 1730, m.a, 
in 1731. Taking Holy Orders, he became, 
about 1739, Vicar of Stanton Haroouit, Ox- 
fordshire, but resigned his living in Oct. 1742, 
and joined the United Brethren nUoraviaus], 
by whom lie wns chosen one of their bishops 
in 1751. Ho d. at Haverfordwest, Sept. 13, 
1771, Ho pub. nn ed. of tho Greek Testa- 
ment; Maximsand Theological Ideas ; Sermons, 
and a dramatic poem called Ignatius. About 
2fi translations and 18 original hymns in tho 
Moravian Hymn Books are assigned to him. 
One or two of his hymns, which wore pub. by 
the Wesleys, have been claimed for them, but 
tho evidence is in favour of Gambold. A 
collected ed. of Ids works was pub. at Bath in 
1789, and afterwards reprinted, [G. A. C] 

Qanse, Hervsy Doddridge, was b. Feb. 

27, 1822, near Fishkill, New York, and re- 
moved to New York city in 1825. Graduated 
at Columbia College, 1839, studied Theology 
at New Brunswick, New Jersey, and waa or- 
dained in 1813. From 1843 to 185G he was a 
Reformed Dutch Pastor, at Freehold, New 
Jersey, and from 1856 to 1876, of tho North- 
west Beformed Dutch Church, New York. 
Since January 1, 1876, he lias been the pastor 
of the First Presbyterian Church, St. Louis. 
His chief hymns are : — 

1. Lord, I know Thy fraee is nigh me. Faiih. 
Was composed oa n winter's night in his bed- 
room, In a farmhouse near Freehold, New 
Jersey, while on a visit of consolation to former 
parishioners. The first couplet came into his 
mind without forethought, and he adds, " I com- 
posed oil my pillow in the darkness ; completing 
the verses with no little feeling, before I slept." 
This hymn appeared in the Reformed Dutch 
Hymns of the Church, New York, 1860, and is 
somewhat widely used. 

S. Eternal Father, whea to the*. Holy Trinity. 
Bated 1872, and included in Hys. $ Songs of 
Praise, K. Y., 1874, No. 7. 

S. Tram the vast and veiled throne. Adoration 
of the Heavenly Hosts. Dated 1872, and pub. in 
the Hys. $ S. of Praise, N. Y. 1874, Ho. 13. 

4. Is this the Son of Go* 1 Surrender to God, 
Dated 1872, also pub. in the ifjs, $ S. of Praise, 
1874, No. 541, 

, », Jesus, one word from Thee, Confidence and 
Security in Christ. Dated 1872, and given in 
/the Hys. #8. of Praise, 1874, No. 697. 

0, Then Who like tho wind dost some* Prayer 
for the Holy Spirit. No. 376 in the Hys. $ 
Songs of Praise, 1874, and dated 1873, 



GARVE, CARL B. 

These hymns are unknown to the English 
collections. He d. in 1891. [F. M. B.] 

Gtuve, Carl Bernhardt was b. Jan. 24, 

1763, at Jeinsen, near Hannover, where his 
father was a farmer. He was educated at tho 
Moravian schools in Zeist, and Neuwied, at 
their Padagogium at Niesky, and thoir Semi- 
nary at Barby. Ia 1784 ho was appointed one 
of the tutors at Niesky, and in 1789 at Barby ; 
but as his philosophical lectures were thought 
rather unsettling in their tendency, he was 
sent, in 1797, to arrange the documents of the 
archive at Zeist After hiB ordination as di&- 
conus of the Moravian church, ho was ap- 
pointed, in 3799, preacher at Amsterdam; in 
1801 at Ebersdorf (where ho was also inspector 
of the training school) ; in 1809 at Berlin ; and 
in 1816 at Neusalzii on the Oder. Feeling the 
burden of years and infirmities he resigned the 
active duties of the ministry in 1836, and re- 
tired to Herrnhnt, where he d. June 21, 1841. 
(Koclt, vii. 334-312 ; All}. Deutsche Biog., viii. 
392-91, Ate.) 

Qarve ranks as the most important of recent Moravian 
hymu-writera, AlbertinL being; perhaps Ids superior in 
poetical gifts, but certainly not in adaptaldiity to 
church use. His better production* are almost entirely 
free from typically Moravian features; and in them 
Holy Scripture Is nsed tn a sound and healthful spirit. 
Tbey are distinguished by force and at the wune time 
elegance of style, and ore full of deep tore and devotion 
to the Saviour. Many of them liave passed into the 
German Evangelical hymn-boohe, no less than 3tt being 
included In the Berlin G. A, 1329 ; and of those anted 
below Xo. i. Is to be found In almost all recent German 
collections. They appeared mostly in the two following 
collections, both of which are to be found in the Toivn 
Library, Hamburg; (I) ChritUieic Guartgt, Gurlitx, 
1825, with sou hymns, a few being recasts from other 
auihora, (2) Brilfcrgetaagt, Gnadnvi, 191), with SS 
hymns Intended principally for use in the Moravian 
Communion. 

Gorve's hymns in English O. U. ore : — 

1, Dein 'Wort, Herr, let milder Thau. Hoiy 
Scriptwe. Perhaps his finest hymn. 1825, as 
above, p. 51, in 7 >t. of 8 1. Included, as No. 
410, in the Berlin O. L. 8., ed. 1863, nnd in 
the German hymn-books for Hannover, 1883, 
for the kingdom of Saxony, 1883, for the pro- 
vince of Saiony, 1882, &e" Tr. as; — 

1. Thy Weed, Xerf, like gentle dews. A good 
tr. of st. i.-iii., by Miss Winkworth, in the 1st 
Ser., 1855, of her Lyra Go: p. 36. In the 
Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868, it is No. 314 
in full, but rewritten to D. C. M. In 1864 it 
was inclnded, altered, and with 11. 5-8 of each 
st. omitted, as No. 681 in His. of the Spirit, 
Boston, IT. S., and this has been repeated in 
Dr. Martineau's Hys. of Praise ty Prayer, 1873, 
and Dr. Allen's Children's Worship, 1878. 

«. lay Word, O lord, It gentb dew. A good tr. 
of St. i.-iii., based on the Lyra Ger,, by Bliss 
Winkworth, as No. 102 in her C. B. for Enjland, 
1863, and thence, in the Ohio Luth. Hyi., 1880. 

ii. ataUelajaa, Chrlttu lafct. Easier. 1825, 
as above, p. 105, in 8 st. of 6 1, Included in 
Knnpp's Ec. L, S, 1850, No. 585. Tr. as : — 

Halletnjah! Jssus lives! A good tr. (omitting 
st. ir., vi.) by Miss Borthwick, in the 4th Ser., 
1862, of the H. L. L., p. 30 (1884, p. 201). In 
Lyra Messianica, 1864, p. 295, and In O. S. 
Jellicoe's Coll., 1867, No. 103, it begins, " Alle- 
luia 1 Jesus lives." 

iii, Tatar dor Genuine. Trinity Sunday. 
1825, as above, p. 18, in 3 St. of 7 1. Included 
as No, 107 in Xnapp's Ev. L. 3., 1837, Or, «" ;— 



GABOOIGKE, GEOBflfi 

lather of all nested. In fall, aa No. 159, in 
Dr. Pagenstecher's Coll., 186i, ligned " F. C. C." 

Another tr. is, " Father, we •Aire Thee," in the 
Britith Eerati, Oct. I BM, p. 324, repeated a* No. 416 
In Btld'e i*ra(« fit., Uli 

Bymu art in Eafliih C.TT, : — • 

iv. Bet Hot ist tetu, Hw En ist twig turn. Co* i 
*wwy«iiie*j. isie, p. e, In ■ it, repeated In the 
Berlin O. £., 1MB, Ho. 60, beginning " Gott 1st iren." 
IV. by J?, £. JVotftifteAam, 18TB, p. 2S3, 

t. Oednlll a*dnUleta'«tttlntlHliw«U. IVtutfn 
Cod. 1SSE., p. ISO, in 3 St., repeated in the Berlin <?. «. 
1«W, No. nB3. beginning » GeduUt ! vie sebr der Storm 
such went." IV. by If. L. *VotM»a*«m, 1810, p. 369. 

Ti. Sagt wu bit die wtite Welt JJoly Scripture. 
1835. p 4», In e et. fr.u" Tell me, can the world 
dlsplsy," In the Brittik Seraid, Nov. 18*6, p. MO, 
reputed u No. 410 in field'* ProUt Bk., 18TS. 

Tit. Wtt hinioh,Herr,indeinaaIiebt. SV-^uwii- 
notion. less, p, SIB, in IS it. Tr. by JV. £. Frothing- 
kam, 1810, p. us. 

vitt. 2nr Albeit winkt mil main Bernf. Btfort 
Work. iB3i, p. 133, la et. IV. by £. JTowte, 1867. 

A hymn sometimes ascribed to Garve is 
noted under "Gib deinen Prieden ons." 

[J. M.l 

Gascoigne, George, s. and heir of Sir 
John Gascoigne. The date and place of hie 
birth are unknown, but it is probable that he 
was b. about 1525, and from a statement in 
the Address to Queen Elizabeth prefixed to 
one of his works, he seems to have spent a 
part of hi* early life in Westmoreland. He 
was eduoated at Trinity College, Cambridge, 
from whence he entered the Middle Temple 
as a student of law before 1516 ; but neglect- 
ing his studies be led a life of reckless ex- 
travagance and dissipation, on account of 
which he was disinherited by his father. In 
1355 be migrated to Gray's Inn, but seems to 
have loft it also. In 1557-^58 he represented 
Bedford in Parliament. In 1585 he returned 
to Gray's Inn, and there, in the following year, 
two plays by him were represented, The 
Supposes, translated from the Italian of Ariosto, 
and Joeasta, adapted from the Phoenissae of 
Euripides. To the latter Gascoigne eoutri- 
hnted tliTeo nets. Id 1572 he was returned to 
Parliament as member for the borough of 
Midliurst : but objections being made to his 
charucter he appears not to have taken his 
seat, and not long afterwards went to the Low 
Countries and took service with William of 
Orange, from whom ho received a captain's 
eommiBsion. His gallant conduct in the fluid 
obtained the favourable notice of that Prince, 
but after some timo lie was taken prisoner 
by the Spaniards and sent bock to England. 

During Gascolgne's absence his first book, 
A Hundredth tttndrie Flourei boand up in one 
(mail Poetk, the us. of wliieh he had left in 
the hands of a friend, was printed in 157J 
without his permission, and after his return 
from Holland, he published in 1575 a corrected 
and enlarged edition of his Poetiet. Thence- 
forward he seems to have led a literary life, 
and is said to have been in some way attached 
to ttie court. On the occasion of Elizabeth's 
celebrated visit to Kenilworth in the summer of 
1575, Gascoigne was commissioned by Leicester 
to devise the masques, &c., performed for the 
Queen's entertainment. He d. at Stamford, 
Lincolnshire, Oct. 7, 1577, and was probably 
buried by his Mend George Whetstone in the 
family vault of the Whetstones at Barnack, 
but this id not certainly known. At some time 



GASKELL, WILLIAM 405 

between 1558 and 156S Gascoigne married 
Elizabeth Breton, mother, by her first hus- 
band, of the poet Nicholas Breton, and by her 
had a_ son. His widow survived until 1585. 
Gascoigne Is noticeable as being one of the 
earliest English dramatists, the first English 
satirist, and the first English critic in poetry. 
In 1669 his poems were collected and edited 
for the Roxburghe Library by W. C. Hazlitt, 
and in 1868 his Nottt of Intiriiclifm in Enalith 
Verse ; The Steele Qlaa ; and The Compfaynt 
of Philomene were included in English re- 
prints edited by Edward Arber, together with 
Whetstone's metrical life of Gascoigne. To 
modern hymnody he is known by " We that 
have passed in slumber sweet," an altered 
version of his morning hymn, "Ye that have 
spent the silent night;" and other religious 
poems. [G. A. C.] 

Gaskell, William, k.a., s. of Mr, 
William Gaskell, was b. at Lutchford (a 
suburb of Warrington, cm the Cheshire side of 
the Mersey), 24 July, 1305. He was educated 
at Manchester New College and sit the Uni- 
versity of Glasgow, where he graduated m.a. 
in 1825. In 1828 he became co-pastor with 
the Bev. J. G. Robberds at Cross Street Uni- 
tarian Chapel, Manchester, a position he held 
until his death. Mr, Gaskell was a man of 
cultivated mind and considerable literary 
ability. His publications include Lecturet on 
the Lancathire Dialect, 1853, a email volume 
of Temperance Bkyme*, 1839, and various theo- 
logical works. In 1832 he married Elizabeth 
Cleghom Stevenson, who afterwards attained 
celebrity as the authoress of Mary Barton, and 
of other popular tales. He d. June 11, 1884, 
and is buried at Knutsfbrd. To the 2nd ed., 
1858, of the 1st Series of Lyra Qermtaiica 
Mr. Gaskell contributed "A sure Stronghold 
our God is He," a tr. of Luther's " Ein' feete 
Burg" (q.v.), replacing a version by Miss 
Winkworthin the Isted. He also contributed 
79 hymns to Beard's Unit. Coll. of Hyt, for 
Pub. and Priv. Worship, 1837. [G. A. C] 

The following hymns by Gaskell still in 
C. V. arc found chiefly in Unitarian hymn- 
books, including Martineau's Hymn*, &c, 
1810, and Hyt. of Praite and Prayer, 1 873 ; 
Hedge & Huntington's Hy*. for the Church 
of Chritt, Boston, U.S.A., 18&3; Longfellow 
& Johnson's Bonk of Bye., Boston, 1848, and 
their Hye. of the Spirit, Boston, 1864; aDd' 
the American Unitarian Association's Hymn 
[A Klwie] Bit., Ac, Boston, 1808 :— 

1. Dart, dirk indeed the grave ironld be. Death and 
Burial. 

a. Darkness o'er the world ni brooding, The Day- 
tpring. 

3. Dark were the paths our visiter trod. Sympathy 
Kith Chritt, 

4. Father, glory be to Tbee. DvwAogy. 

fi. Forth vent the heralds of the crou. Powtr of 
FHith. 

5. How long, Ivord, hie hrother'a blood i fii tiiM 0/ 
War. From this **0 hush, great God, the sounds of 
war/' ts taken. 

T. I am ftee, t am ftee, I have hroken away. Tht 
Iftw Birth. 
s. In vgln we thus recall to mtod. B. CaOMVttion. 
». Mighty God, the tint, the last. Infinite Ktx»uUdgt, 

10. 7^0 tnote, en earth no more. i>ra(ft. and JfttXTHH. 

11. Not In this simple rite alone. H. Conwutnion. 

12. Not on this day, God, alone, Smtday. 

13. O God, the darkness roll away. JTtaionj. 

14. O God, to Thee uur beartt would pay. Old liar. 



40t) GA.UDE, MATER ECCLESIA. 

U. O God, who knoweet bow ftail we arc. tteehing 
Btrtngtk. 

IS. O Dot to crush with *Meqt feu. C*ri)f < Wort. 

It. Otu Father, through the coming year. The ori- 
ginal begins, " Father, throughout the coming year." 

18. Press on, press on, ye son* of light. Continuance 
in w«M doing, 

IS. Sleep not, soldier of the cross. Fatihfulaeis. 

3d. Thanks, tlutnks unto God) Who in mercy hath 
spoken. Gratitude for the Gospel. 

21. Through all this life's eventful road. Walking 
wOAGoa. 

its. To Thee, the Lord Almighty, flwwJony. 

23. Unto Thy temple, God of Love. Divine Wortkip. 

3t. We Join to [crave] pray with wishes kind. B. 
Jftrfrfaony. 

25. We would leave, God, to Thee. Original : " We 
would cast, God, an Thee." Sett u> Cod. 

38. When arise the thoughts of sin. Looking to Jew*. 

These hymns all appeared in Beard's Coll., 
1837. In addition there are : — 
3T, Calmly, calmly lay hint down. 

38. Father, [gladly] humbly we repose. 

39. O hush, great God, the sounds of war. For Peace. 

The dates of these hymns we have not been 
able to determine. No. 27 is in Hopps's Hys., 
for Pub. Worship, 1858 ; and Nob. 28 and 29 
are in Hedge & Huntington's Hys. for the 
Church of Ohritt, 1853. [J. J.] 

G-aude, Mater Ecolesia. (St. Edward 
the Confessor.'] This hymn was reprinted in 
Dr. Neale's Hymni Ecchti&s, 1851, p. 233, in 
6 st. of 4 1., from the Senlit Brev. (Bremarimu 
SylvanneUnit, 1521), where it was given, "In 
Festo S. Ludovici Begis." In 1867 a tr. by 
Dr. K. F. LitHedale was included in the 
People's H., No. 287, beginning, " O Mother 
Church, to-day thy voice," and signed " A. I* 
P." It was appointed for the Festival of St 
Edward the Confessor, Oct 13. [J. J.] 

Gedicke, Lampertus, s. of Christtan 
Gedicke, superintendent of Grnrdelegen in the 
AHmark, was b. at Gardelegen Jan. 6, 1683. 
After the completion of his theological studies 
at Halle under Francke, he was for some time 
tutor in the orphanage at Halle, and then in a 
family at Berlin. Becoming an army chaplain 
he was successively appointed chaplain to the 
Guards (1709), accompanying them on several 
expeditions; chaplain to the Wartensleben 
regiment and garrison preacher at Berlin 
(1713) ; and Probst and inspector of all the 
garrison and regimental chaplains (1717). 
He d. at Berlin, Feb. 21, 1735 (Koch, iv. 414, 
415; Bode, p. 72, Ac). He contributed two 
hymns to the Neu-wermehrtes geistreiches G. B., 
B'eTlin, 1711, One of these is :— 

Wie Gott misb fuhrt, so will ion gehn, f_ Trust in 
God.] 1711, as above, No. 798, in 6 at. of 7 1., 
repeated ia Freylinjhausca, 1714, and as No. 
91b' ia the Berlin (7. L. 8., ed. 1863. Often 
used at weddings. The only tr. in C. V. is: — 

Just as Qod leada ma I would go, a good tr., 
omitting St. ii., as No. 258, in H. L. Hastings's 
Iftfl., 1860. 

Other tr*. are: m "As God shall lead I'll take my 
way," by Dr. It. Mitit, 1845 {18B6, p. 17S). (2) « As 
God leads me, will I go," by Xiw (Tamer, 18SS (lSGl, 
p. *9S). (3) "As Goddoth lead mewill Igo,"oy Miss 
Burlinghsm in the British Herald. June, 186S, p. 218, 
repeated as No. 4M in Field's .Pmiik .St., 1BJ3, fj, JI.1 

Geh aus, mein Hera, uud snake 
Freud. P. Gerhardt. (Summer.'] This bean- 
tifnl poem of thanksgiving for God's goodness 
in the delights of summer, and of anticipa- 
tion of the joys of Paradise, appeared in the 
Frankfurt ed„ 1656, of OugeVs Praxis pietatit 



GELLfiRT, CHRISTIAN F. 

meliea. No. 412, in 15 st of 61. Reprinted in 
Wuckernagel's ed. of his Geistliche Lieder, 
No. 103, and Bachmann's ed., No. 85; and 
included, as No. 732, in the Urne. L. S„ 1851, 
It may be compared with the hymn, "Der 
trilbe Winter ist vorbei," by Friedrich von 
Spee (q. v.). Lauxmann, in Koch, viii. 141, 
speaks of the tune (called Lucerne in the Irish 
Church ■Hymnal) as : — 

A Swiss melody which has naturalised itself in Wttrt- 
temberg to the hymn "Geh aus, mein Hera," and of 
which Palmer [Professor at TDblngen] assures us that 
the children's faces are twice as happy as often as they 
are allowed to sum It. Although evidently originally a 
song tune [by J. Sdraildlin, 1170], yet its ring gives the 
freshness which one desires in an out-door hymn. 

The tri. of this hymn in C. U. are : — 

1, 00 forth, my heart, and sees: delight, a good 
(r., omitting st. iir., by Miss Winkworth, in the 
1st series of her Lyra Ger., 1855, p. 136. Her 
tf$, of st. vi'i.-Jti-, beginning "Thy mighty work- 
ing, mighty God," were included in the Ame- 
rican Sabbath H. Bk., 1858, and repeated in 
Boardman's Coll., Philadelphia, 1861. 

2, The relden ten now waxea strong, a very 
good tr. beginning with st. vii., *' Der Waizen 
wSchset mit Gewalt," contributed by K. JIassie 
to the 1857 ed. of Mercer's C. P. and H. Bk., 
No. 463 (Ox. ed,, 1864, No. 500, omitting the 
tr, of st. i.). In the Appendix to the 2nd series 
of Lyra Bomestioa, 1864, Mr. Massie reprinted 
his tr. at p. 102, and prefixed a version of st, 
i,-vi., beginning " Go forth, my heart, nor linger 
here." In this form it was included in full in 
Reid's P raise Bk., 1872. 

Other trs, are : (i) "Come forth, my heart, and 
seek delight," by Ma Cox, 1841, p. 160 (1864, p. 1«). 
(a) " Go forth, my heart, and revel In joy's flow," and 
" And oft 1 think, if e'en earth's etn-etakicd ground," a 
tr. of st. i., ix., by Mrs, Stanley Csrr In her tr. of Wllden- 
bahu's M Oeriardt, 1846 (ed, 1S5S, p. 336). (31 
"Go forth, my hear*, and seek for praise, by Dr. J. YV. 
Alexander, in Schaffs Kirthenfreand, 1819, p. 419 ; re- 
printed In bis work 7%e Breaking Otvrible, X. T,, IS61, 
p. 16. (O " Go out, my heart, and pleasure seek," by 
Xin Manington, 1B63, p. 1M. (5) "Go fonh, my 
heart! the yesr's sweet prime," by S. Vattie, I8«6, p. 36, 
(6) "Go fortb, my heart, and seek delight, In this cum- 
mer," by J. XsU}/, ISM, p, 389, (7)"Go forth, my 
heart, and seek the bUss," by Mrs. £, L. Pollen, In her 
Lark and UukU, ISM, p, 3d. [J. M.] 

Geleteky, Jobannes. [Jeieeky, j,] 

Oelleit, Christian Furehtegott, s. of 
Cliristian Gellert, pastor at Haiuiehen in the 
Saxon Haw, near Freiherg, was h, at Haini- 
cheu, July 1, 1715. In 1731 he entered the 
University of Leipzig as a student of theo- 
logy, and after completing his e.iurse acted 
for some time as assistant to his father. But 
then, as now, sermons preached from manu- 
script were not tolerated in. the Lutheran 
Church, and as his memory was treacherous, 
be found himself compelled to Iry some other 
profession. In 1739 he became domestic 
tutor to the sons of Herr von Luttiohau, near 
Dresdeu, and in 1741 returned to Leipzig to 
superintend the studies of a nephew at the 
University. He also resumed his own studies. 
He graduated m.a. 1744; became in 1745 
private tutor or lecturer iu tbe philosophical 
faculty; and wns in 1751 appointed extra- 
ordinary professor of philosophy, lecturing on 
Ctry and rhetoric, and then on moral phl- 
«phy. An ordinary professorship offered to 
him iu 1761 he refused, as he did not feel 
strong enough to fulfil its duties, having been 



GELLEBT, CHRISTIAN I<\ 

delicate from a child, and after 1752 suffering 
very greatly from hypochondria. He d. at 
Leipzig, Dec. IS, 1769 (JKocA, vi. 263-277; 
Mlg. Deutsche Biog., Yiii 511-549, *c>. 

As a professor, Gollert was most popular, numbering 
Goethe and Leasing among Ms pupils, aud won from 
his students extraordinary reverence and affection, due 
parti/ to the warm interest be took in their personal 
conduct and welfare. Id hie early life he was one of 
the contributors to the Bremer BeiirQoe : and waa one of 
the leaders In the revolt against the domination of det- 
ached and the writers of the Frenvb school. Hie fubtet 
(1st Ser. 17« j and 114B), by tbeir charm of style, spblt, 
humour and poiu^may justly be cbaraclerieed as epoch- 
making, won for hltn univeieal esteem aud influence 
among hia contemporaries of all classes, and still rank 
among tbe classics of German literature. 

As a hymn-writer be also marks an epoch; and while 
In (he revival of churehly feeling the hymns of the 
Rationalistic period of 176 J to 1820 have been ignored 
by many recent compilers, yet the gre&teet admirers of 
the old standard hymns have been lain to stretch their 
area of selection from Luther to Qellert. He prepared 
himself by prayer for then- composition, and selected 
the moments when his mental horizon waa most un- 
clouded. He was distinguished by deep and sincere 
piety, blameless life, and regularity in attendance on 
the services of the Church. Hia hymns are the utter- 
ances of a sincere Christian morality, not very elevated 
or enthusiastic, hot genuine expressions of bis own 
feelings and experiences; and what in them he preached 
he also put In practice In bis daily Life. Many arc too 
didactic In tone, reading like versifications of portions 
of his lectures on morala, and are only suited for private 
■use- But in regard to his best hymns, it may saftly be 
said that tbeir rational piety and good taste, combined 
with a certain earnestness and p&tboft, entitle them to 
a place among tbe classics of German bymnody. They 
exactly met therenulrement&of the time, won universal 
admiration, and speedily passed into the hymn-books In 
use over all Germany, Roman Catholic aa well as 
Lutheran. 

Two of Gellert's hymns ore noted under 
their own first lines, viz., "Jeans lebt, mil 
ihra such ich," and " Wie gross jst des All- 
ni&chtgen Gtite." The following hnve also 
passed into English, almost all being token 
from his Geistliclie Oden wmi Lieder, a collec- 
tion of 51 hymns 1st pub. at Leipzig, 1757, 
and which has passed through very numerous 
editions : — 

I. Hymns in English 0. V. 

i, An dir allein, an dirhab ich resuadfgt. Lent. 
1757, p. 102, in 6 st. of 4 1., entitled "Hymn of 
Penitence." In Zollikofer's G. B., 1766, aud the 
Berlin Q. L. 8., ed. 1863, No. 499. Tr. as :— 

Afajnat Thee only have I ainn'd, I awn it. A 
good and full version, by MisB Winkworth, as 
No. 42 in her C. B.for England, 1863. 

Another tr. is;— "Against Thee, Lord, Thee only 
my transgression," by li. L, ttothingkam, 1870, p. 241. 

il, Dies 1st o'er Tag, den Gott genuwht. CAriit- 
flias. One of his best and most popular hymns. 
1757, p- 72, in It st. of 4 I., repeated in the 
Berlin G. 2J.,1765, So. 55, and tbe llerlin G. L. 8., 
ed. 1863, No, 154. Tr. as:— 

This is the day the Lord hath made, O'er all tbe 
earth, A tr. of st. i.-iii,, x., by Miss Borthwick, 
ns No. 2'2 in Dr. Pngenstecher's Coll., 1864, and 
included in H. L. L., 1884, p. 256, 

Other tea. are:— (1) "This la the day which God 
ordains," by Or. G. Walker, I860, p. 27. (21 "Thle 
day Shalt yet by God's command," in the FamUg Ti-ea- 
turg, 1811, p. 278. 

iii. Mr alia flitte let gejrrtimt, EvOnmg. 1757, 
p. 85, in 4 st. of 6 1., included in Zollikofer's 
G. B., 1766, No, 78, and the Berlin G. L. S., ed. 
1863, No. 1160. Jr. as:— 

To Patter, Bon, and Spirit pralae. A good and 
full tr. by A, T. Russell, as No. 1 in bis Pa. fr 
llgs., 1851. 



GELLEftT, CHRISTIAN P. 407 

Another tr. is :— " For all Thy kindness laud I Thee," 
by H. J. BtKkdt, 16*2, p. 96. 

iv, flett ist main Lied, Praise. On Clod's 
Might anil Providence. 1757, p. 78, in 15 st. of 
5 1. In the Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1863, No. 34. 
Tr. as : — 

God is my song, fits praiMS Fll repeat, A free 
tr, of st. i.-v.,as No, 84 in Sir John Bowring*s 
Hymns, 1825. Kepeated, omitting st. ii., as >o. 
114 in Dale's Eng. B. Bk., 1875, 

Otlmrtri. an :— £1) « OfQod I sing," byDr.B.MOls, 
1866, p, n, (2) "God is myeoag, With sovereign ," 
by If. I/. Frothingliam, 1870, p. 243. 

r» Wenn ioh, o Sohopfar, deine Haeht. Praise. 
This fine hymn of Praise for Creation and Pro- 
vidence was 1st pub. 1757, p. 62, in 6 st. of 7 L 
In the Berlin G. B., 1765, No. 25, and Berlin 
G. L. 8., ed, 1863, No. 72. Tr. as;— 

Thou Great First Cause 1 when of Thy skill, la 
full in Dr. H. Mills's Sorae Ger., 18*5 (1856, 
p. 5). St. ii., iii., t,, vi., Altered and beginning, 
" The earth, where'eT 1 turn mine eye, are in 
the American Lutb, Gen. Synod's Colt., 1853. 
Other tri. are:— (1) "When, Omy dearest Lord, I 

rrove," bjMist Dunn, 1857, p. so. (2J "Creator I when 
see Thy might," in Madame de Pontes's Poets and 
Poetry of ffoiBonjf, less, v. i. p. *72. (s) "When I, 
Creator, view Thy might," by Jfitl JfoBinBlon, 18*3. 

vi, Wer Sottas Wort nioht halt, und sprieht, 
Faith in Works. This didactic hymn on Faith 
proved by Works, was first pub. 1757, p. 49, in 
S st. of 6 1, In Zollikofer's G. B., 1766, and the 
Berlin G. L. S., ed, 1863, No. 72. Tr. as:— 

Who keepeth not Ood'e "Word, yet saith. A good 
and full tr. by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra 
Ger., 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 161. A greatly altered 
version of et, ii.-v., beginning, "True faith in 
holy life will shine," was included as No. 418 in 
Kennedy, 1863, and repeated in the Jbrox Byl,, 
1871, J. L. Porter's Coll., 1876, and others. 

II. Hymns not in English C. V. 

vii, Auf Govt, und nioht auf meuun Bath, Tmlt in 
r7mPj Prnvideiux. 1761, p, 134, in 6 st. Tr. as : (1) 
"Kale Thou my portion, Lord, my tklll," by Dr. S. 
ifitta, 18« (186S, p. 1S4). (2) "On Qod and en no 
earthly trusV' by J. D. Burns, in Ids Remain), IS$». 

viii. Anf, sahioks dioh. Chriihnal. 1161, p. 109, In 1 
at. Tr. as, " Come, tune your heart," by Mitt Cm, 1841, 
p. 17(1804, p. 38). 

ix. rein HeH, o Christ J nicbt eu vermaheRen, 
Prayer. 1157, p. 6, in 14 st. of S ). In J. A, Scblegei's 
Gtistl. CaOngt, Srd Ser., 1772, p. 193, recast as "Zu 
deinem Gotte beteti/' in a st. of 12 1. ; and this in the 
Kaiserwerth Lttder-Buchfur Xleinkindertchuten, 1843, 
No. 208, appears "Zu Oott fm Hlmmel beten." in S st. 
of 4 1. 'Jjuj 1842 waa tr. as, "O bow sweet it is to 
pray," by Mr*. Sevan, 18SS, p. I4S. 

x, Jtn Ta; iat wieder hin, und diesen Theil das 
Lehena. Evening. H61,p.l3,in )0st,,as "Self-Exa- 
mination at Eventide," IV. as, " Another day Is ended " 
by Mils Warna; !8fifl(1871,p. 0), 

xl. Bu klaa^t, und fnbleat die Beechverdon, ron- 
ttntaent. 1167, p. »l,in 8 Bt. Tr. as, "Thy «-oiindtd 
spirit feels its pain," by Dr. B. Maffuire, 1883^ p, lo3, 

xii, Brinnre dich, mein Oetst, erfteut. Easter, 
17G1. p. 27, in 13 st, Tr. as, " Awake, my soul, and 
hail the flay," in Dr. J. D. Lang's Aurora Auttratit, 
Sydney, 182S, p. 43, 

xiii. Er ruft der Bonn, and sohafft des Hand, Jfea 
Tear. 11ST, p. IM, In s st. In the Berlin e. B., iibd, 
No. 233, as"Uott rult." Tr. as, " l-ord. Thou that ever 
wast and art," in the British Mfrgatine,JaT},, 1838, p. 30, 

x!t. Oott, deine GUte reioht bo weit. Supplication. 
1151, p. 1, fa 4 St., founded on 1 Kings fll. 6-14. The 
trs, are : (I) " O God, Thy goodness doth extend. Fur 
sV'byl*. J.D.Lang, 182a. p. io. (21 "Behold! Thy 
goodness, oh my Qod," by Miss Fry, 1846, p. 19. 

». Oott iat main Hort, Boly Scripture, 1767, 
p. 10, in 8 st. IV. as, " I trust the Lord, Upon His 
word," by Dr. «• Xmi, 1846 (1S6B, p. 23). 

xvl, Berr, der du mil daa ILthen, E pening. 176t, 



408 OELOBBT SBIST 1W JESU 

p. Ill, In B st. JV. as, "By Thee, Thou Lord of 
Hesvsn." by S.-J. BuehU, 1841. p. W. 
" - UiUta n 



Ewxl* ^Kflffa*a CQ&IVQ ^b£q|^ 

Patiiontidt. i«r, p. IIS, Is 12 at. IV. as, - Clothe 
me, oh Lonf, with strength ! thit I may dweU," by JnTrs 
Pry, ises, ». isa. 

xvili. Xeahabiagatenltundan. torfheaiclt. mi, 
p. 128, In * St. [See the Story (/ a JTjna, in the fttn- 
*ty al Bane for Sept, 1888.1 Tr. as: (1) "Ihnvehsd 
my days of Messfng," by Mrs. Flndlater, In S. L. L., 
14188, p. 60. (2) "Onw, happy hours with blessings 
crowned," by 2. *. ff., In the Hay of Sett, 18*7, p. 408. 

zix* Ish komme, Heir, una swum Axon, H&y 
Cemautnion, 1761, p. 89, in a st. The trt. are : (1) 
"I come, O Lord, endseek for Thee." by Mitt Maning- 
ten, ISS3, p. I*. <1) "Wesry and laden with my load, 
I come," by J>r. Ji. Jfao'icfre, 1612, p. IT*. 

n, leh komme tot dein Anfeauht. Supplication. 
11*7, p. 140, in 13 St. The frs. are: (1) "Greet (rod. I 
bow before Thy fsoe," by J>r. J. D, Lung, isle, p. 18. 

S3) " Now In Thy presence 1 appear," by Dr. H, Miilt, 
848 (1886. p. 131). 

nad. JletnentDefaUulFieUiinilDuk. iftminj. 
list , p. SS, In 11 it. IV. is, "I bleu Thee, Lord. Tbon 
Ood of might," beginning with st. vt ., by if. .r. ««*»«. 
19*3, p. 88. 

JDdi. Tfaeh euwr fisfttoc kuner Ten. Sternal 
Life, list, p. 168, In IS st. t as "The Consolation of 
Eternal Life. Though hardly a hymn for congrega* 
tlonal use and too Individualised, It has been * very 
gnat favourite in Germany. In the Berlin 0. B., 1TS5, 
So, 131, and the Berlin a. L. &., ed. 1883, No. 1493. 
The trt. are; (li "A few short days of trial put." In 
lllaa Knight's Praytrt 6 Byt. from the German, 1813 
(1833, p. lot), (3) "A few short hours of transient 
Joy,"byBr.J'.X».i(»w,lS3B,p. 133. (3) " When these 
brief trial-days are past," by J. SKeamra, 18ST, p. SB. 
(4) " A few dwrt days of trial here, by Hiss Bnrllug- 
ham.inthe«ri(t»fcife™W. July 1884, p. 88. (s) "thir 
few short years of trial o'er," by Or. J. Guthrie, I860. 
d, 134. (8) "When these brief trial-days are spent," by 
Jftit winkworth, 1889, p. 318. (I) " A few more days, 
■ lew more yean," by Dr. B. Jlijfttirt, isbS, p. i«S. 

^rwW. OHerr,msin QottT dnnh denieh bin und lebe. 
BttignatioK h> the wQl of God. 1157, p. 183, in 1 st. 
Tr. as, " In Thee, my God, I live and move," by Dr. R. 
Maguire, 1883, p. 113. 

vdv. So bos' ioh dew mit ftstem Kuth. Attur- 
anceof the Grace of Oad. ml, p. Its, in 4 et. The 
trt. are: (1) "Firm ie my hope of future good," by 

Dr. U. Mtlll, 1848 (1888, p. 183). (1) "ID Thee, 

Lord, my hopehatb stood," by Dr. B. Mognirc, 1811. 

xxv. Was ists Asm tab miah quale, patience, 1IST, 
p. II, Inlet. The tn. are: (1) "O foolish hsart, be 
still," by Milt Warner, 131B (1881, p. 4B2), repeated In 
Bp. Byte's ColL, 1880, No. 181 (3) « What billowe 
these that o'er thee roll," by Dr. X. Maguirt, mi. 

xxii. T7i* siehsr lebt der Meuseh, d*r Staub. Jbr Ot 
Dl/ina. 1TST, p. 143, in 14 st. Tr as, " How heedlees, 
how eecim is manl" by Dr. S. Mittt. 1848 (18S6, 
p. 333). 

One or two recasta from Gellert'« Lehrge- 
iichte und ErtShlangen, Leipzig, 1754, came 
into Geimftii C. U^ and one has passed into 
English, viz.: — 

xxviL eTeesfrh, der da Ubristae sehmiQut, wu ist in 
Oner Lebre. Lone to Mankind. 1TS4, jip. 3T-M, being 
» poem entitled "The Christian." A recast from por- 
tions of thu) made by J. S. Stterirh, beginning "Gieb 
mlr, O Gott, eln Hen," in * St., appears as No. 318 In 
the Berlin G. B„ 118S; and has been tr. aa "Grant 
me, O God! a tender heart," by Mia Knight, 1812 (1832, 
p. »»). [J. M.] 

Gelobet Belat du Jean Christ. [Ctorist- 
mo8.] ThiB bytun lias been called a tr. of the 
following Latin sequence : — 

1. "Grates none omnes reddamus Domino Deo. qui 
sua natlvltate hos llberavit de diabollca potestate. 

3. " Hnic oportet nt eanamus eum angelta semper : 
GlorlataeMeWa." 

The text of this sequence is in Daniel, ii, 
p, 5, apparently from a Munich ms. of the 
11th cent, and is also found ina 12th cent MS. 
in the BritiAMamatm (Add. 11,669, f. 49). It 
has been ascribed to St. Gregory the Great, 
and to Sotker Balbulus ; but is probably 
by neither. The earliest form in which the 



GELOBET SBISt »U JESU 

German bymn haa been found is in » mb. tr 
1370, probably written in the district of Oelle, 
and now in the Boyal libnwy at Copenhagen. 
In the BIWtr fifr BymnolDgit, 1888, p. 47, it 
is quoted as occurring thus ; — 

" Hine oportet nt cemunna cum angella septan glorta 
lneieetais: — 

Lonet ntstn Ihu crbt, 
dst dn hnte ghebaren btst 
van syner magnet.- DM Is war. 
Dee vrow sik aide hemmelsche aehar. Kyr." 

The introdactory words, it will be noted, 
ak a corrupted form of pt ii. of the sequence ; 
the four lines following can hardly be said to 
have any connection with the sequence. This 
German stanza came into extensive nse; 
and is almost the only instance of popular 
vernacular song need in the Church services 
before the ^Reformation, Thus in the Ordina- 
rtam tndtttw todettae Smerinentit, Bostock, 
1919, there is a rubric in the service for Christ- 
mas, ** Fopnlus vero Cantioum vnlgare ; Qe- 
Javct twttu Jem Chritt, tribns vicibus sub- 
junget (Hoffmann von Failtrileben, ed. 1861, 
p. 194). ToUtuBinglepre-Beformationstanxa 
Martin Lnther added six original sts. (which 
contain slight reminiscences of FortunaWs 
" Quem terra, pontus, aetbera "X and published 
the 7 st. (each stanza ending with Kyrieleis) 
on a broadsheet at Wittenberg, and then in Eyn 
Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524. Thence in Waektr- 
nagA, iii. p. 9, in Schircks's ed, of Luther's 
Oeitti. lAeder, 1834, p. 9 ; in the Vnv. L. &, 
1851, No. 36 ; and in almost all German hymn- 
books from the Reformation to the present 
tune. Schamelins described it as " The bless- 
ings of tho birth of Christ celebrated in para- 
doxes." tt is tr. as ; — 

1. Jeans I all pniss is due to Thee. A good tr. 
by C. Kinchen, omitting st, vi. t a* No. 52, in 
the Moravian If. BA., 1742. When rejieated in 
the ed. 1T54, pt. L, No. 213, Kinchen's tr. of 
st. i. T ii., iii., vii. were retained, and st iv.-vi, 
were given in a cento partly from Jacobi (see 
below). The 1754 text wu repeated, with 
alterations, in subsequent ed*. of the Moravian 
B. Bk. (1B86, No. 34), and is found, as No. 209, 
in Lady Huntingdon's Set., 1780. Two centos 
may also be noted t — 

(1) " He, nho the earth's foundations laid '■' (st. UA 
CoWerill's Set., 1818, Mo. 3U. m " The Son or God, 
who ftam'd the skies " (st. ii. 1. 3), In the Bible H. Bit., 
184B, Ho. 221. 

I. Jean Christ I all praise te Thee, By A. T. 
Russell, in his Pa. $ Hyii., 1851, No. 42, omitting 
st. iii., ri. Slightly altered, in Kennedy, 1883. 

S, All praise te Thee, eternal Lord. A free tr. 
in 5 st. of 4 1. as No. 263 in the American 
SuHbath H. Bk., 1858, and repeated unaltered 
in ScharTs Chritt in Song, 18t)9, p. 53 (1879, 
p. 42), It is included in full and generally un- 
altered in various American collections, as the 
Bap. H. Bh^ 1871, Presb. Hyl., 1874, Zaudet 
Domini, 1884, &c. ; and in England in Soden's 
Universal ff. Bk, 1885. 

Trasslatisns not in 0. V. ! — 

(1) " Now blessed be Thou, Christ JTesu." by Bp. 
Ooverdale, 1888 (Kanottis, 1848, p. 881). (2) "Due 
praises to th" incarnate Love," by J. C. Jacobi, 1712, p. s 
OT3i,p.S). (3) "Oh.letThy praise, Redeemer, Godi " 
by Mia Fry, 1818, p. lfl. t*) "Ghwy to Christ, the 
virgin-born," by J- jindwaw, 1848. p. 9 (184T, p. 91). 
(fi) " Glory and praise to Jesus' name, by Dr. J. Bunt, 
1888, p. 88. (8) " All praise to Jeans' hallowed name," 
by R. Mattu, isM> p. 11, repeated in Dr. Atom, 1884, 



OENAD MLB, HERB 

S.M. (II "Praised be Thou, O Jesus Christ," by Br. 
. MnafowM to (be Sunday Magatinc, ISM, p. 1*1, 
altered Is Ms .Butter, 11)1,1, 43. (8) "All glory, 
Jeeai Christ, to Thee," in the (St. a/ 1 XuImI Jftojanne, 
18M;p.*f. [J.M.] 

Qanad mir, Herr,ewiger Gott, [Du- 
ties o/ a Sovereign,'] 1st in King's 0. P., 
Wittenberg, 1529. WacUrmgd, i& p. 117, 
quotes it from the OeitUiehe XtVtier, Erfnrt, 
1531, in 9 st, entitled "The Margrave George's 
Hymn." The beginnings of the st form the 
name Qeorg Marggraf tu Brandenburg. It is 
a companion hymn to the "Capitan Here 
Gott" (q.v.): and probably by the same 
author. Casimir was V Sep! 27, 1481, and d. 
Sept. 21, 1927 ; while Georg was b. Haroh 4, 
1461, and d. Dec. 17, 1*43. The trs. are ;— 

(O "0 Ood, lie kind; let no distress," by Dr. 6. 
Walter, lSSO, p. 41. ra) "Grant me, Eternal God, 
tuch grace," by Mia Wtnkworth, ISM, p. lis. [J. M.J 

G«ntle Jesus, Lovely Lamb. C. Wes- 
ley. [Jesus Ml in AIL] Pub. in Hyt. and 
Sacred Poems, 1749, in 7 st. of 4 1. (P. JForfcs, 
1868-72, vol. v. p. 21). The following ar- 
rangements of the text have come into C. U. : 

1. Gentle Jesus, heavenly lull. In ifttfy Sot^/or 
4U *a*mi. 1SS9, and other collection*. 

S. Jaeu, eJl-«tonina* lush. la tie TF«. a. .Bfc,, 
lTsu, No. 121 fed. 1BJS, No. Ml.) 0. J. Stevenson has 
several reminiscences or this hymn In his JfetV IS. Blc, 
Neta, 1683, p. m. This torn of the hymn is In 
extensive nee. 

1. Jesus, let a* elsave to Thee. In the Preeb. Pi. 
i* ttyt., Richmond, TLB. A,, 1SSJ, Ho. 35), in ? st. (at. ii. 
end It. altered). [J. J.] 

Gtantle Jesus, meek and mild. C. 
WetUy. \A Child.'* Prayer.] 1st pub. in 
Hymns A Snured Poem*, 1712 ; and again in 
Hymns for Children, 1763, in 7 st. of 4 1. 
Following it is another hymn, marked pt ii, 
and begmning, " Lamb of God, I look to 
Thee," also in 7 st. of 4 1., thus accounting 
for the statement sometimes made that the 
original is in 14 stanzas. Centos from both 
parts are found in moat collections for children 
m English-speaking countries, and are exceed- 
ingly popular with the young. The construc- 
tion of each cento may lie traced by a reference 
to the orig, text in P. Work*, 1868-72, vol. vi 
p. 441, No. 336. " Lamb of God," Ac., in the 
Methodist 8. 8. H PA., 1879, is entirely from 
pt ii, whilst " Gentle Jesus, meek and mild," 
is compiled from both. 

Other arrangements are: — 

(11 " Loving Jesus, gentle Lamb," in the American 
Heth. Eplseo. Hfmu, ISM; and (a) "Holy Jesus, 
Saviour mild," in the Bonchurth H. Bk^ 186*. [J, J,] 

Gently, my [Father] Saviour, let me 
down, it MiU. [PeafA anticipated.] In 
the Life of the Bee. Rowland BMl, m.a„ by 
the Rev. Edwin Sidney, 1834, Mr. Sidney 

says, in describing the death of Mr. Hilt 
" Sometimes he repeated the first verse of hU 
own boautiful hymn, 'Gently, my Saviour, let 
me down ' " ; but he does not indicate where 
the full text could be found, nor the date of 
its composition. Dr. Hatfield in his American 
Church H. Bk., 1872, No. 1357, in 5 st of 4 1., 
dates it 1832, that is, the year before Mr. Hill's 
death. In the American Church Praise Bk., 
N.Y., 1882, No. 655, it is dated 1796. This is 
certainly an error. The hymn is essentially 
an old man's hymn, and Dr. Hatfield's date 
is consistent with this fact The hymn was 



GERHARDT, PAULtfS 409 

given in 3 st. of 4 1. in the American Uni- 
versalisto' Bys.for Christian Devotion, 1846, 
No. 536, as " Gently, my Father, let me down." 
(Sec Yui™) [J. J.] 

Gerhardt, Faulns, s. of Christian Gep- 
hardt, burgomaster of Grafenhayniohen, near 
Wittenberg, was b. at Grafenhayniehen, Mar. 
12, 1607. On January 2, 1628, he matricu- 
lated at the University of Wittenberg. In 
the registers of St. Mary's church, Witlen- 



9 a godfather, on July 



berg, hw name appears as 
IS, 1641, described still as " studioans," and 
he seems to have remained in Wittenberg till 
at least the end of Anril, 1642. He appears 
to have gone to Berlin in 1642 or 1643, and 
was there for some time (certainly after 1648) 
a tutor in the house of the advocate Andreas 
Barthold, whose daughter (Anna Maria, b. 
May 19, 1622, d. March 3, 1668) became his 
wife in 1655. During this period he seems to 
have frequently preached in Berlin. He was 
appointed in 1651, at the recommendation of 
the Berlin clergy, Lutheran Probst (chief . 
pastor) at Mittenwalde, near Berlin, and or- 
dained to this post Nov. 18, 1651. In July, 
1657, he returned to Berlin as third diaoonus 
of St. Nicholas's church ; but beeominginvolved 
in the contest between the Elector Friedrich 
Williclm (who was of the Reformed Church) 
and the Lutheran clergy of Berlin, he was 
deposed from his office in February, 1666, 
though he still remained in Berlin. In Nov., 
1668, he accepted the post of arohidiaeouus 
at Llibben, on the Spree, was installed in 
June, 1669, and remained there till his death 
on June 7, 1676 (Koch, iii. 297-326; Allg. 
Deutsche Biog., viii. 774-783, &c.). 
The outward circumstances of Gerhurdt's life were 



for the most pert gloomy. His earlier years were spent 
amid the horrors of the Thirty Years' War. He did not 
obtains settled position in life till he was 4> years of 



as*. He was unable to marry till four years later ; and 
his wife, after a long Illness, died during the time that 
be wab without office la Berlin; while of the five chil- 
dren of the marriage only one passed the period of vhlld- 
hood. The sunniest period of his life was during tbe 
early yean of his Berlin ministry (I*. 1SE1-I6ea^ when 
be enjoyed universal love and esteem ; while bis latter 
yenre at LUbbeu as a widower with one surviving child 
were passed among a rough and nneympathlslng people. 
Tbe motto on his portrait at Lubben not nnjustly styles 
him " Theologus in cribro Satanae versatus. 

Gerhardt ranks, next to Luther, as the most 
gifted and popular hymn-writer of the Lu- 
theran Church. Gervinus (ed. 1842, pt iii. 
&366), the well-known historian of German 
terature, thus characterises him : — 

" He went beca: to Luther's moat genuine type of 
hymn in such manner as no one else bad dons, only 
so tar modified as the requirements of bis time de- 
manded. In Luther's tune tbe belief lb Free Grace and 
the work of the Atonement, in Kedemptlon and the 
bursting of the gates of Hell was the Inspiration of his 
joyful confidence ; with Gerhardt it is tbe belief in the 
Love of God. With Luther the old wrathful God of the 
Bomamsta assumed the heavenly aspect of grace and 
mercy ; with Gerhardt tbe merciful Righteous Ope Is a 
gentle loving Man. Like tbe old poets of tbe people be 
la sincerely and unconstralnedly pious, naive, and 
hearty; tbe bltsefulness of his faith makes him benign 
and amiable j In his way of writing he Is as attractive, 
simple, and pleasing as In his way of thinking." 

With a firm grasp of the objective realities of tbe 
Christian Faith, and a loyal adherence to the doctrinal 
standpoint of tbe Lutheran Church, Gerhardt is yet 
genuinely human ; he takes a fresh, healthful view both 
of nature and of mankind. In his hymns we see tbe 
transition to the modern subjective tone of rellKtoua 
ifcry. Sl*teenorhlshymnsbegmwtth,"L" Yetwlth 
rbirdt it is not so much tbe Individual soul that lays 



poetry. 
Gerhard 



410 GERHARDT, PAUUJS 

bare Its aoracllmea morbid moods, as it is the representa- 
tive member of the Church speaking out the thoughts 
and feelings be shares with hie fellow membew t while 
in style Gerhardt la simple and graceful, with a consi- 
derable variety of verae form at bts commend, and often 
of boll-like purity in tone. 

From the first publication of Gerhardt's 
hymns they at once ciuue into favour among 
alt ranks and creeds ; and a large proportion 
are among the hymns most cherished and most 
widely used by German-speaking Christiana 
at the present day. They appeared princi- 
pally in the various eds. of Criiger's Praxis, 
and the Otilger-Runge 6. B., 1653 (see Criigar, 
J.). The first collected ed. was prepared by 
J. G. Ebeling, and pub. in separate "jPtweiw," 
1-4 in 1666, 5-10 in 1667, i.e. 120 in all. In 
the ed. of J. H. Fenstking, Zerbst, 1707, a 
few st. were intercalated (from msb, in tlie 
possession of Gsrhardt's surviving sou), but 
no new hymns were added. 

Among modern ede. of Gerhardt'e bytnns (mostly fol- 
lowing the text of Ebeling) may be mentioned those by 
Langhecker, 18*2; Schultt, 1842; Waelcernascl, H43; 
Bicker, lssii Geedtkt, 1311, and Geivk, 18JS. The 
Hittarica-Critical ed. of Dr. J. F. Bachmann, 1866, is 
the moat complete (with 11 additional pieces hardly 
Church bynroa), end reverts to tbe pre-Ebeling te3tt. 

The length of many of Gerhardt's hymns 
(« Ein Lammlein " is 10 st. of 101.; "FrGli- 
lich soil," 15 st. of 8 1., &a.\ and the some- 
what intricate metres of others, have caused 
his hymns to bo less used in English than 
otherwise might have been the case; but a 
considerable proportion liavo come in some 
form or oilier into English hymn-books. A 
large selection, translated with scrupulous 
faith fulness but not retaining much of the 
lyric gmcc of tbe originals, was pub. by the 
Rev. John Kelly, iu 1867, as Paul Gerhardt's 
Spiritual Songt ; while many individual hymns 
have buen tr. by Jobn Wesley, Miss "V? ink- 
worth, Miss Cox, Miss Bortiiwick, and many 
otlu-ra. Hid trs. from St. Bernard are noted 
under "O Haupt voll Blut" There are 
separate notes on 19 of bis greater hymns. 
(Sea Index.') Besides these the following 
have passed into English : — 

I. Hymns U English C. V. 

L Auf den Mabel folft (tie Sana. Thanksgiving 
after great sorrow and affliction. In Cruger's 
Praxis, 1656, No. 349, in 15 st. of 7 1. ; thence 
in Wackernagel's ed. of his Gcisiliche Lieder, 
No. 87, and Bachmann's ed., No. 64. In the 
Una. L. &, 1851, Nq, 402. Tr. as:— 

Cometh aunahine after rain, A good lr., omitting 
st. iv.-vii., x., xi., by M:as Wink worth, in her 
Lyra Ger., 1st Ser,, 1855, p. 100 (tr*. of i., si. 
added to 2nd ed., 1856). Repeated, omitting the 
(is, of st. ii., x.-xii., AS No. 4 in her C. U. for 
England, 1863. In the Christian If. Ilk., Cin- 
cinnati, 1865, No. 799, begins with at. xiii., 
" Now as long as here I roam." 

Aaottwr tr. la [—"Alter clouds we see the sun/' by 
J.KOly, 180), p. SGI. 

£L IMe Zeit 1st nunmehr nah. Day of Jvd-j- 
ment — Second Advent. Founded on Acts iii, 20, 
In the CrUjer^Bange G. B., 1653, No. 367, in 
18 st. of 6 1., and thence in Wnckernagel's ed. of 
his Geistliche Litder, 1843, No, 119 (1874, No. 
124), and Bachmann's ed., No, 40. In the Berlin 
Q. L. 8, ed. 1863, No. 1517. Tr. as:— 

o Ghriet! hew coed and fair. Being a tr. of 
St. iii., iv.,vi., vii., x,-xiii., xvii,, by Mrs. Charles, 
in her Voice of Christian Life in Song, 1858, 



GERHAHDT, PAULUS 

p. 242. Her trs. of st. iii., s., xii., am No, 150 
ia G. S. Jellicoe's Coll., 1867. 

Other trs. are:— (l)"MayI when time is o'er," of at. 
vll„ vlii. as part of No. SSI in the Moravian B. Bk., 
1)69 1 In the 1801 and later eda. (1896, No, 1229), begin- 
ning, "I shall, when time Is o'er." (2) "The time is 
very near," by J. Kellg, ten, p. 341, 

lit Gottbb, nan iet eraehoUen. Peace, Thanks- 
giving for the Proclamation of the Peace of 
Westphalia, in 1648, after the Thirty Years' 
War. In Cruger's Praxis, 1656, No, 409, in 
6 st. of 12 1., and thence in Wackernagel's ed. 
of his Geistliche Lieder, No. 64, and Bachmann's 
eJ., No. 84; and in the Um>. L, 8., 1851, No. 
589. Tr, as: — 

Thank 0od it hath resounded. A full and good 
tr, by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra Ger., 2nd 
Ser., 1858, p. 156, repeated, omitting st. ii., in 
herC. -fi. for England, 1863. St. i., v., vi.,form 
No, 49 in M. W. Stryker's Christian Chorals, 1885, 

Another tr. ia i— " Praise God I ibr forth hath Bounded," 
bys. Kdly, 1861, p. 251, 

iv, Ich, der ieh eft in tiefea Leid, Ps, cxlv. 
let pub. in J, Q. Eheling'a ed, of his Geistliclte 
Andachten Dritte Dntzet, 1666, No. 27, in 18 st. 
of 7 1. Thence in Wackernagel's ed. t No. 95, 
and Bachmann's ed., No. 103; also in the Berlin 
G. L. 8., ed. 1863, No, 1004, IV-. as :— 

I who se oft in deep distress, A good tr., omit- 
ting st. ii,-iv., by Miss Winkworth, in hev Lyra 
Ger., 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 149. Her trs. of st. i., 
xiii.-xvi., iviii., were included as No. 224, and 
of st vi., viti., ii,, ii, altered, and beginning, 
" O God t how many thankful songs," as No. 168, 
in Holy Song, 1869. 

Another tr, ia : — u Who is so full or tenderness," of 
st. vilL as at, tv, of Ho, ialS In the Suppt. of 1803 to 
the Jforairian II. Bk., 1801 (igse, Mo. SSI ). 

t. loh ateh an deiaer Krippen hler, Christmas. 
Included in Cruger's Praxis, 1656, No. 105, in 
15 st. of 7 1. Thence in Wackernagel's ed., 
No. 9, and Bachmann's ed., No. 45; and in the 
Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1863, No. 167. A beautiful 
hymn, in which the poet puts himself in the 
place of the shepherds and the wise men visiting 
Bethlehem ; and in praise and adoration tenders 
his devotion, his love and his all, to the Infant 
Saviour in the mnnger, Tr, as : — 

My faith Thy lowly bed beholds. A tr. of st. i., 
iv., vii., xv., by A. T. Russell, as No. 57 in his 
Ps.^Hys., 1851. 

Other tra. are:— (1) "I stand beside Thy manger-bed," 
by Ifisi Maninffton, 1BS4, p. 39. (2) u Now at tbe 
manger here 1 stund," by J. AetJy, 1SG?, p. 32. 

vL loh weiaa daaa main Erloaer leht. Easter* 
Founded on Job xii- 25—27. 1st pub. in J, G- 
Ebeling's eJ. of his Geisttiche Andachten Zchende 
I>utzet, 1667, No. 119, in 9 st. of 7 1. ; repeated 
in Wackernagel's ed,, 1843, No, 118 (1874, No. 
123); iu Bachmann's ed,, No, 119; and in the 
Berlin G. L. &., od. 1863, No. 301. Tr. ns :— 

I know that my Kedeemer Uvea, In thia my faith 
ia faat. A full and apirited tr. by J. Oxenford, 
in Lays of the Sanctuary, 1859, p. 122. His 
trs. of st. i., iii., vii.-ix., were included, altered, 
as No. 779 in Kennedy, 1 863. 

Another tr. ia :— " I know that my Redeemer Uvea, 
This hope," &c, by ifitt Manington, 186% p. Ts. 

vii. Ieh waiaa, mein Gett, A*** *U main TSaa, 
Supplication. A prayer for success in all Chris- 
tian works and purpose ; founded on JeTemiah 
x. 23, and Acts v. 38, 39. Included in Cruger's 
Praxis, 1656, No. 332, in 18 st. of 5 1. In 



GERHABDT, PAUtUS 

Wackernagel's ed., No, 40 ; Bachmann's ed,, No. 
71, and the Berlin Q.L. 8., ed. 1863. Tr. as:— 

I know, my God, and I rejeiee, A good tr. of 
at. i.-iii., viii., ii., ii., by Miss Winkirorth, as 
No. 121 in her 0. B. for England, 1863. 

Anethsrtr.le:— "My Qodl my works and all I Ait," 
by .r. JTelly, 1867, p. 182. 

Till. Kenuat, and laait una Chriattun ehren. 
Christmas. Founded op St. Lake ii. 15, 1st 
pub. in J. G. Ebsling's ed. of hie Geistlioh* An- 
daehtm Funffte Dtttzet, 166T, No. 56, in 8 st. of 
4 J. Thence in Wackernagel's ed., No. 6 ; Bach- 
mann's ed., No. 110; and the Vnv. L. 8., 1851, 
No. 43. 2h as :— 

1. Come, unite in pzaiaa and singing. Omitting 
st. vi., vii., contributed by A, T. Russell to 
Maurice's Choral II. Bk., 1861, No, 707. 

t. Bring to Chriat yam- bait oMation. A full 
and good tr. by P. Massie in his Lyra Domestics, 
1864, p. 96; repeated in Snepp's Songs of G. & G., 
and Raid's Praise Bk., 1872. 

Other tra. ans— <1) "Come, and let us Christ rewm 
now," by Mitt MauwgUm. 18G4-, p, 25. (2) " Coroe, 
and Cnrlit the Lard be liaising." by /. Kelly, 1861, p. 24. 

ix, lobrt den Etim, all* die Sha fiinhten. 
Horning. Included in the Criiger-Runge G. B., 
1653, No. 7, iu 10 st. of 5 1. In Wackernagel's 
ad., No. 100, nud Bachmann's ed. t No, 21, and in 
the Berlin G. L. &,ed. 1863, No. 1063. lr, as :— 

Praia* Cod ( raver* Kim ! all ye men that fear 
Kim! This is from the version in Bunsen's 
Ailg. 0. B., 1816, No. 167, st. i. being from 
Gerhardt, and at. ii. t iii., front " Lobet den Herren, 
denn er ist sehr freuudlich " (q. v.) ; and ap- 
peared in the Dalston Hospital H. Bk, t 1848, 
No. 55, signed "A. O," 

Other tra. are:— (11 * Our Lord be praising, All His 
glory raisin*," by a. J. BwtvU. 1842, p. 27. (2) 
"Praise ye Jehovah, alt ye men who tear Him," W 
J.KtUy, U61, p. 279. 

x. Xieht to traurig, niekt as sehr. Christian 
Contatt,nen& In the 3rd ed., 1648, of Criiger's 
Praxis, No, 251, in 15 st. of 6 1., Tepeated in 
WackerpageTs ed,, No, 53 ; Bachmann's ed., Ho. 
16, and the Berlin G. X. &, ed. 1863, No. 851. 
It is founded on Ps. civi. 7 ; Ps. ilii. 6-12 ; 1 
Tim. vi. 6. Tr. as: — 

Ah 1 grieve sot te, sot so lanwnt, A free tr. by 
Mrs. Findlater, of st. i,, ii., vii.-i., xiii., xv., in 
the 1st Ser,, 1854, of the H. L. £., p. 48 (1884, 
p, 50}. Hepeated, abridged, in Holy Song, 1869, 
and Dale's English H. Bk., 1875. 

Other tri. aie:-(i) "Wliy this sad and mournful 
guise," by Mitt Dunn, 1867, p. 8S. (21 "Not so darkly, 
not so deep," by Mitt Warner. 1858 f 1861, p. S3). (3) 
" my soul, way dost thou grieve" by J. Jftlty, 1887, 

xi. Htm laatt us* gehn and ttetan, Ken Year. 
Included in the Criiger-Runge G. B., 1653, No. 
100, in 15 st. of 4 1. Thence in Wackernagel's 
eil., No. 12; Bachmann's ed., No. 24, and the 
Berlin G. L. S., ed. 1863, No. 200. Evidently 
writtenduringtheThirty Years' War. Tr. as:— 

In pray 1 ! your voioea taisa ye. In full, by J. 
Kelly, 1867, r>, 45. From this, 8 st. are included 
as No. 48 in the Ohio LM. Kyi, 1880. 

Otbar tra. ai* :— (1) " N °w let each humble Creature," 
In the Suppl, to aer. Pint,, ed. 1J«S, p. 4, and Seiat H. 
/row Gar. Ptal., Tranquebar, 1734, p, 1. In tbe Mura- 
viam H. Hli„ 1T89, Ko, B0T (1849, No. lioaji greatly 
altered, and beginning. " Year ofter year cormoenoeth, ' 
(3) " O eome with prayer and singing," hy R. Masale in 
tbe Sritit* Htrald. Jan., lsss, p. e. (a) "ChrlstUnB 
all, with one acconl," by H. Jfatsie, 18BJ, p. 188, (*) 
" Wifb notes or joy and Bongs of praise," by Dr. K. 
Maguire, 1883, p. 34. 

xiL Bahant I sahwrt ! V*i 1st tSz Wnaiei dai t 



QEBHARDT, PAULUB 41 1 

ChrUlmas. 1st pub. in J. Q. Ebeling'a ed. of hit 
Geistlkhe Andacktat Funffte Ontzet, 1687, No. 
55, in 18 st. of 4 1. Thence in Wackernagel'a 
ed.,No. 4; Bachmann's ed,,No. 109. Tr. na: — 

Behold I beheld ! what wanders hare. In full, by 
J. Kelly, 1867, p. 14. From this, 12st. were in- 
cluded in the Ohio Lath. Hgl., 18S0, as Nos. 
25, 26: No. 26 beginning with tbe tr. of st. 
xiii., "It is a time of joy to-day." 

xiii, Warum willt du dnuaaan atehsn. Advent, 
Suggested by Gen. niv. 31. Appeared in the 
Crnger-Runge 9. B., 1653, No. 78, In 9 st. of 
8 I. ; viz., st. i.-vii., xi., nii,, of the full form ; 
st. viii.-i. being added in Ebeling's Gdsttiche 
Andacht&i Fiinflte Dutzet, 1667, No. 50. lite 
full teit, in 12 st., is also in Waekevnagel's ed., 
No. 2; Bachmann's ed., No. 23, and the Utu>. 
L. 8., 1851, No. 20. Tr. as :— 

Wharefer* dost Thou longer tarry. A good tr^ 
omitting st. viii.-x., by Sliss Winkworth, in her 
L/jra Ger., 2nd Ser., 1858, p, 6. In her C. B. 
for England, 1863, No. 153, the trs. of st. iii., 
v., xi., are omitted. 

Other trs. a»:-(l) " Wherefore doat Thou, blest of 
God," by K. Masele, in Lyra iwmertico, 18M, p. M. 

(2) "Why, without, then, art Thou staying," by J. 
KtUy, 1867, p. 5. 

ziv. Waa alia Weiiieit in de» Welt. Trinity 
Sunday. Id Criiger's Praxis, 1656, No. 212, in 
8 st. of 9 1. Thence in Wackernagel's ed., No. 1, 
and Bachmann's ed., No. 59, and the Berlin G, 
L. &, ed. 1863, No. 50, Tr. as:— 

ftoaroe tongue can apeak, ne'er human ken. In 
full, by J. Kelly, 1867, p. 1, repeated as No, 111 
in the Ohio Lath. Hyl, 1880, 

Another tr. ia:— The mystery bidden from the 
eyes," by R. Hassle, In Lyra Damxtwa, 1864, p. 87. 

xr. Wai Oett gefXlU, mein fnunmes Kind, fie- 
tignation. This beautiful hymn, on resignation 
to "what pleases God," first nppeared in the 
Criiger-Runge G. B., 1653, No. 290, in 20 st. of 
5 ]. Thence in Wackernagel's ed., No. 60; 
Bachmann's ed., No. 37, and the Vho. L. S., 1851, 
No. 723. Tr. as :— 

That Sod deoraaa, child of Eta lave. A good 
tr. of at. i., ii., v., vi., viii., rii., iv., ii'iii., xx., 
by Mrs. Findlater, in the 3rd Ser., 1858, of the 
H. L. I., p. 49 (1884, p. 170). Included, iu 
full, in Bp. Kyle's Coll., 1860, No. 171 ; and 
abridged in Christian Sys., Adelaide, 1872, and 
beginning, " What God decrees, take patiently," 
in Kennedy, 1863, No. 1344. 

Other tra. are;— (17 "What pleaeeth God with Joy 
receive," by Mia Dunn, 18B7, p. &4. (3) "What pleases 
God, O pious soul," by Mitt Wintwwth, 1SS8, p. 193, 

(3) What |deaseth God, my faithful child," by J. Ktllf, 
18$T, j>. 188. 

xvi, Wie sehSn iats doeh, Herr Jesu Christ, For 
Married Persons, Founded on Ps. <aiviii. 1st 
pub. in Ebeling's ed. of his Geistliehc Andachten 
Vierte Dntiet, 1666, No. 38, iu 8 st, of 12 1. 
Thence in Wackernagel's ed., 1843, No. 108 
(1874, No. 109) ; Bachmann's ed., No. 105, and 
the t'»w. L. S., 1851, No. 680. JV.as:— 

Oh, yesus Christ I how bright and fair. In full, 
by J. Kelly, 1867, p. 307, repeated, altered, and 
omitting st, iiL-v., in the Ohio Lutli. Hijl. % 
1880, No, 339. 

IL Hymns not in English C. U. 

xvii, Also hat Oott die Wdt geUetrt, Good Friday. 
On St. John iii. is. In Criiger's Pnxit, isei. No. 37a, 
in 17 st. Tr. as, *' Be ef g.*d cheer in aU your wants," 
by V. II. Hulther, of st. is, as Ko, 181 in tbe Moravian 
U. Bit., m» (1888, NO, 917}. 



412 



GERMAN HYMNODY 



iriiL Auf, auf, mdn Hers ait Trtndan, Kuter. 
Id Crflger's Proni. 1*4*, No, 141. ta » et. The frt. 

us - ( 1) " Up I np t my heart wtth gladness, See" by J. 
Id!), 18ST, p. Tl. (S) "Op, up, my heart, with glad- 
ness, Rocelve," by A. L. Fre&inghtm, 1910, p. 3M. 

xiz. Sn hist mi metn nni UaibMt meM. Par the 
Strewed. A beentltul bytnn of consolation fcr parent! 
on the low of & son. Written on the death of Constan- 
ts Andreas, younger son of Johannes Berkov. pastor of 
St. Mary's Church, Berlin, and first printed as one of 
the " DulcU amicorum a/Aitia. " at the end of the fune- 
ral sermon byGeorg Li Hue, Berlin. 18M. Included in 
Kbeling's ed. of Oerhardt'e GeittUche Andachten Sechtte 
DutMt, Berlin, 1887. Mo. M, in 12 et. The tr». ere: 
(1) -Thon'rt mine, yes, still thou art mine own, by 
Mn winkwarih, tasa, p. 123. («) " Yes, thou art 
mine, atlll mine, my son," hy J. D. Burns, In the fbnUi) 
Trtatmy, 1801, p. 8, and hl§ Bcmainl. IBS*, p. 3*9. 
(3) "Mine art tbou still, and mine shalt be, by J. 
JWBS, ie«T, p. 3S3, (4) "Thou art mine own, art still 
mine own," by Br. J. Guthrie, !8e», p. loo. 

xx, Du, men* Beds, singe. Fa, cxlvi. In the Crn- 
ger-Runge O. B., Berlin, 1S43, Mo. 183, tn 10 et. Tr. 
as, " come, my soul, with singing," by Miss Burling* 
bam, in the British Herald, January, 1868, p. MIT, and 
as No. 413 In field's Pntite -Bfc, 1ST2. 

Trri. 0iah duh lufrleden, und sei stole. Orott and 
Consolation— Pi. aaasirfi. 1. In SbeUng Etstes Dutaet, 
IMS, No. 11, In IS st. Tr. as: (1) "Be thou content! 
be still before," by Hits wtukwmih, 186S, p. us, and 
in Bp. Kyle's CM., 18B8, No. 288. (2) " Be thou con. 
tented! aye relying," by J. KtUy, 1881, p. 202. (3) 
"Tranquilly lead thee, peace possessing/' by If. L. 
FnthingiiaA, isro, p. 24b. 

Ddi, H»r an 1 main Hen, die eleben 'Wut. Portion- 
fide. On the Seven Words from the Cross. Founded 
on the hymn noted under FosehsalteU, J, (q.v.). In 
Crflger's Praxis, 1836, No. 131, in IS st. IV. as: (1) 
* Cotne now, my soul, thy thoughtB rngage," by Dr. H. 
Xiitt, 184lt (18S6, p. 309). (p.) "Seven times the 
Saviour spake— -my heart/' by R. Massle, in tbe BrUith 
Herald, Sept., ISGo, p. 133. (3) " My heart! the seven 
words hear now," by J. Kelly, 186f , p. S3. 

xidil. leh lab in Gettes Hen und Sinn. Beiignalien. 
In Crflger's Profit, 1*49, No. 2i», in 12 st. JV. as: 
(1) "I Into God's own heart and mind," by J. Kelly, 
1B8T, p. 219. .(a) "To God's all-gracious heart and 
mind/ by Mite Winkworth, 1B8», p. 2ts, repeated In 
Statham's Coll., Eiiin. 18B9 and 19)0. 

zxiT, Jesn Christ! dera Xrinileta 1st. Chrittwu. 
At the Manger o/ SetMeaem. In Crier's P™afis..l858, 
No. 101. In lo st. Tr. as : (1) " Be not dlemay'd — In 
time of need " (st. *!,) In the Jferoston if. Bt., 11m, 
No. 238. (2} "0 bleesea. Jesus! This," by Miti 
WinkwrUi. 1858, p, 19. (3) "O Jesus Christ! Tliy 
eradle is," by Jfiii Msmirtgtm, IBM, p. 41. (4) "Thy 
manger is my paradise," by J. F&ly, 1987, p. 26. 

xxv. VoUer Tfunder, Toller Kmut. BWy Matrivumg. 
In Ebding Vlerte Dutiet, ISO*, No. 40, in 11 st. Often 
need In Germany at marriages on the way to church. 
Tr. as : tl) *■ Full oT wonder, full of still," by Dr. H. 
Mtilt, 1845 (185S. p. 216). f J) " Fnll of wonder, full of 
skill," In Mrs. Stsnley Carr s tr. of WiMenfeiAit'* mail 
Gerkartlt, ed. 1858, p. 52. (3) "Tullof wondsr, full of 
art," by J. Xelly, 1881, p. 3sa. (4) " Full at wonder, 
full of art," by Milt Winkwarik, 1968, p. 215. 

xxvi. Warum maohet solobeBehnHrsen, New Year. 
On St. Luke 11. 21. In Cruger'a Praxit, 1848, No. BT, 
In 4 st. Ilunien, in his Yertush, 1833, No, 128, gives st. 
111., iv. altered to " Freut ench, Sunder, allerwegen," 
Tr. se : (1) " Mortals, who have God offended," by J£ttt 
dux, 1B11, p. 21, from Buntat. (21 " Why should they 
such pain e'er give Thee," by 1. EtWy. 1867, p. 43. 

xxrii, 'Weg, main Hers, mit clen Godanken. Lent 
On St. Lnke iv, In Urtlger*s Praxit, 1848, No. 3S. In 
12 st. Tr. as; (1) **Jjet not aucb a thought e'er pain 
thee," by J. Kelly, 186J, p. 83. (2) " Hence, my heart, 
with ftnch a thought," by Hiss Wink\corih, 1809, p. 210. 

Besides the above, a considerable number of other 
hymns by Gerhardt have been tr. by Mr, Kelly, and a 
few by Dr. MLllft, Miss Manington, and others. The 
timltd of our space forbid detailed notes on these ver- 
sions. [J. M,] 

Oenoan Hymnody. Germau hymnody 
surpftssea ail others in wealth. The cliurch 
hymn in the strict aense of the term, w a 
popular religious lyric in praUe of God to le 
ttmg by llw congregation in public worship, -was 
born with the German Beformatioin, and most 



GERMAU SYHKODV 

extanslrely cultiTated ever since try the evan- 
gelical church in Germttny. The Latin 
hymns and sequences of Hilary, Ambrose, 
FottimatuB, Gregory the Great, Notker, Bt. 
Bernard, Thomas of Aquino, Adam of Bt, Tie- 
tor, Thomas of Qelano, and others, were in- 
deed used in public worship long before, but 
only by the priests and choristers, not by the 
people, who could not understand them any 
more thurt the Latin psalms and the Latin 
mass. The Reformed (as the non-Lutheran 
Protestant churches arc called on the Con- 
tinent) were long satisfied with metrical 
translations of the Psalter, and did not feel 
the necessity of original hymns, and some did 
not approve of the use of them in public 
worship. 

The number of German hymns cannot fall 
short of one hundred thousand. Dean Georg 
Ludwig Ton Hardenberg of Halberstadt, in 
the year 1786, prepared a hymnological cata- 
logue of the first lines of 72,733 hymns (in 
5 vols., preserved in tho library of Halber- 
stadt). This number was not complete at 
that time, and has considerably increased 
since. About ten thousand have become more 
or less popular, and passed into different 
hymn-books. Fischer gives a selection of 
about 5000 of the best, many of which were 
overlooked by Von Hardenberg. We may 
safely say that nearly one thousand of these 
hymns are classical and immortal. This is a 
larger number than can be found in any other 
language. 

To this treasuir of German song several 
hundred men and women of all ranks and 
conditions — theologians and pastors, princes 
and princesses, generals and statesmen, phy- 
sicians and jurists, merchants and travellers, 
labourers and private persons — have made 
contributions, laying them on the common 
altar of devotion. Many of these hymns, and 
just those possessed of the greatest vigour 
and nnotion, full of tbe moat exulting faith 
and the richest comfort, had their origin 
amid the conflicts and storms of the Reforma- 
tion, or the fearful devastations and nameless 
miseries of the Thirty Yean' War; others 
belong to the revival period of the Bpenerian 
Pietism and the Moravian Brotherhood, aud 
reflect its earnest struggle after holiness, the 
Tire of the first love and the sweet enjoyment 
of the soul's intercourse with her Heavenly 
Bridegroom ; nut a few of them sprang up 
even in the unbelieving age of '* illumination 
and rationalism, like flowers from dry ground, 
or Alpine roses on fields of snow; others 
again proclaim, in fresh and joyous tones, 
the dawn of reviving faith in the land whero 
the Reformation had its birth. Thus these 
hymns constitute a most graphic book of con- 
fession for German evangelical Christianity, a 
saored band whicli enriches its various periods, 
an abiding memorial of its victories, its sor- 
rows and its joys, a clear mirror allowing its 
deepest experiences, and an eloquent witness 
for the all -conquering and invincible life- 
power of tho evangelical Christian faith. 

The treasures of German hymnody have 
enriched churches of other tongues and passed 
into Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, and modern 
English and American hymn-books. John 
Wesley was one of the first English divines 



GEBMAN HYMNODY 

who appreciated its value; and while, his 
brother Charles produced an immense number 
of original hymns, John freely reproduced 
several hymns of Paul Gerhardt, Tersteegen, 
and Zinzendorf. The English Moravian 
hymn-book consists mostly of translations 
from the German. In more recent times, 
several accomplished writers, male and female, 
have vied with each other in translations and 
transfusions of German hymns. Among the 
chief English translators are Frances Eliza- 
beth Cox ; Catherine Winkworth ; H. L. L., 
I.e. Mrs. Findlater and her sister, Miss Jane 
Borthwick; Richard Mas&ie; Arthur Toxer 
Bussell; James W. Alexander; H, Mills; 
John Kelij- ; not to mention many others who 
have furnished admirable translations of one 
or more hymns for church hymn-hooks, or 
private hymnological collections (as e.g. for 
Bcliaffs Ckritt in Song, N. York and London, 
1870). 

The history of German hymnody may be 
divided into six periods : — i. The Mediaeval 
Period, from the 8th to the 16th century; 
feeb'e beginnings, mostly on the basis of Latin 
hvmna. ii. The Iteformnlitm Period, to the 
Fence of Westphalia, 1520-1648. iii. TheCan- 
ftmional Period, from Paul Gerhardt to 
Speuer, 1648-1680. iv. The PieUetie and 
Moravian Period, from Spener to Gellert, 
1680-1757. v. The Rationalistic Period, from 
Gellert to Arndt, 1757-1817. vi. TkeModern 
Evangelical Period, from 1817 to present date. 

i. Firit Period. 

The Christianisation of the barbarians in 
western and northern Europe by Bonifacius, 
Ansgarius, and other missionaries, was accom- 

Ciied with the introduction of the Latin 
guage in tlieology and in public worship. 
This was an efficient means for preserving the 
unity of the church and facilitating literary 
intercourse among scholars, but prevented for 
a long time the free and full development of 
a vernacular hymnody. Nevertheless the 
German love for poetry and song produced a 
large number of sacred lyrics for private 
devotion, and versified translations of the 
Psalter and Latin hymns. Wackemagel gives, 
in the second volume of his great collection, 
no less than 1148 German hymns and 
sequences, from Otfrid to Hans Sachs (in- 
elusive), or from A.d. 868 to a.p. 1518. 

1. The oldest German poet is the Bene- 
diotine monk Otfrid, of Weissenburg (a pupil 
of Babanns Maurus at Fulda). He prepared, 
in the middle of the ninth century, a versified 
Gospel history in the Alemannian dialect, 
divided into stanzas; each stanza containing 
four rhymed verses, the whole consisting of 
1500 lines. This was the first German Bible 
for the laity. (See his Kritt, edited by Graff, 
1631, and nineteen specimens in Wackernarjd, 
ii. 8-21.) 

2, The Kyrie deiton and Christ* eltiton, 
which passed from the Greek church into the 
Latin, as a response of the people, to be re- 
peated over and over again, especially on the 
high festivals, was popularly enlarged, and 
these brief poems were called from the refrain 
Kirieiton or Leieen, also Leiehen. They were 
the first specimens of German hymns which 
were sung by the people. The oldest data 



GERMAN HYMNODY 



413 



from the end of the ninth century, and is 
called the Leieh ram heU. Petrvt. It has three 
stanzas, of which the first reads; — 

" Unur trobtln hat farult uuuo dlngenten m&u. 
urate Petre gtwslt Kyrle eleyeun ! Cbrtote, 

Du er nug giuetis.u elelaon ! " * 

One of the best of these Kirleiten, but of 
much later date, is the Easter hymn : — 
" Cbriet la& erstAndeu, I des boI wlr tile fro seln, 

Ton der matter »U, Christ sol unser trost seln, 

I Kfrte leyson." t 

Some of the best Latin hymns, as tho " Te 
Deum," the " Gloria in excelsis," the " Pange 
lingua, glraiosi praelium oertaminia,' ' the " Yeni 
Creator Spiritus," the "Lauda Sion salvato- 
rem," Bt Bernard's " Jesu dulcis memoria,'' 
and "Salve caput craentatum," were re- 
peatedly translated. Not uufrequently words 
of ttie original were mixed with the vern&< 
cular, as in the Christmas hymn: — 



• Jn duki jiiWto 
Nn elngec und teyt fro t 
Unwes Henens Woivtie 



lAyl tnpntepia 

Und leuebcet in ffrmio. 

Mjrha « et Q." 



A Benedictine monk, John of Salzburg, pre- 
pared a number of translations from the Latin 
at tho request of his nrchbishop, Pilgrim, in 
1366, and was rewarded by him with a parish. 
Wackemagel (ii. 409 sqq.) gives 43 of his 
hymns from ass. in Ike imperial library of 
Vienna. 

3. The "Minnesinger" of the tbirtemth 
century— among whom Gottfried of Strassburg 
and Walther von der Vogelweide are the most 
eminent — glorified earthly and heavenly, 
sexual and spiritual love, after the model of 
Solomon's Bong, and the Virgin Mary as tho 
type of pure womanhood. The mystic school 
of Tauler, in the fourteenth century, produced 
a few hymns full of glowing love to God. 
Tauler is the author of the Cliristmas poem, 
" [Ins kommt ein Schiff geladen," and the 
hymn of love to God ; — 

" Ich muss die Greatmen flleben 
Und Bucoen Herons Innftgkelt, 
Bolt leb dea Qefet ta Ootte dehen, 
Auf d>u erblelb la Beintgkeit." 

4. The German hymnody of the Middle 
Ages, like the Latin, overflows with hagiolatry 
and Mariolatry. Mary is even olothed with 
divine attributes, and virtually put in the 
place of Christ as ttie fountain of all grace. 
"Through all the centuries from Otfrid to 
Luther"(saysffacfeen«ijfel,ii.p,13), 1, wemeet 
with the idolatrous veneration of the Virgin 
Mary, There are hymns which teach that 
she pre-existed with God at the creation, that 
all Mings are created in her and for her,'and 
that God rested in her on the seventh day." 
One of the favourite Mary hymn* was " Dieh 
Fran vom Himmel, rnf ich an." Hans Sachs 
afterwards changed it into "Christum vom 
Himmel rnf ich an." 

This change is characteristic of the effect 
which the Reformation exerted upon the 



• X. c " Our Lord delivered power to St. Peter thtt 
he m*y preserve (be nun who bopea in him. Lord, 
hive mercj upon ub t Christ, btve merer upon u I " 

t WKkerauel, 11., 43 eeq„ gtvea eereul forma. They 
were «fterwcrd8 much eulHiffed. In * Munich ve. of 
(he lfith cent. a Latin Tan 1b coupled with the Germani 

CbrtstuB Bwreilt | et quoe hie dllexlt 

null BMtn texit | has id coelam vexit 

Ityrle l*jf«on," 



414 



GERMAN HYMNODY 



worship of Mary. It substituted for it the 
worship of Christ as the OHly Mediator and 
Saviour through Whom men attain unto 
eternal life. The mediaeval hymnody cele- 
brates Mary as the " Ewig-Weibiiche,' which 
draws men irresistibly heavenward. It re- 
sembles the Sistine Madonna of Raphael, 
who painted Christ as a child, even in heaven, 
on the arms of the Queen of Heaven. 

ii. Second Period. 

Tho Reformation of the sixteenth century 
taught or revived the primitive idea of the 
general priesthood of believers, and introduced 
the language of the people into public wor- 
ship. It substituted a vernacular sermon (or 
the Latin Mass, and congregational singing 
for the chanting of priests and choirs. The 
results were great nnd far-reaching, and of 
the utmost benefit to the Church of Christ. 

1. The Jjutlteran. Hymnody till about 1570, 
— The leader of the Reformation was also 
the first evangelical hymnist. To Luther 
belongs the extraordinary merit of having 
given to tlio German people in their own 
tongue tlie Bible, the Catechism, and the 
hymn-book, so that God might speak dirertly 
to them in Hia word, and that they might 
directly answer Him in their songs. He was 
also a musician and composed tunes to his 
best hymns. Some of them are immortal, 
most of all that triumphant war-cry of the 
Reformation which has so often been repro- 
duced in oilier languages (the best English 
translation is Carlyle's), and which redounds 
with mighty effects on great occasions : " Ein' 
feste Burg ist unser Gott." Luther was a 
great lover of poetry and song, and availed 
himself of all existing helps for the benefit 
of public worship and private devotion. He 
begun to write hymns in 1523, soon after he 
had completed his translation of the New 
Testament, and wrote hia last two in 1543, 
three years before his death. He is the 
author of thirty-seven hvmus ; most of them 
(21) date from the year 1521. 

He drew Inspiration from toe 46th Psalm for his 
"'Ein' feate Bulk," composed In the rear 1S29 j from the 
130th Psalm for hia " Am liefer Nolo schrel ich id air " 

iiws); from the nth Pulm for bis "Ach Oatt vam 
[funnel eleh dareln" (l&23^. He reproduced some of 
the best Latin hymns In new or Improved translations, 
(a "Heir Gott, dick tobenwir" (It Meum laudamia}; 
" Komm, Gott Schopfer, heillger Geist ( Veni Creator 
Qpiritttiy, "Nun komm der Helden HeUand" (Peni 
Fedaipfor gentium) ; " Mitten wir im Leben stnd " 
(Media vttd in mortt lamui). He produced also 
strictly original hymns, as " Kan frent euch, lieben 
Christen g'metn" (1623); " Erbalt una Herr bei delnem 
Won" (against the Pope and the Turk, 1941); "Vom 
Hlmmel boch da. komm ich her" (for Christmas, 1&35), 
and in an abridged forms " Vom Hlmmel kam der En- 
gelBdiiar " (for Christmas, 1643), and the stirring song 
of the two evangelical lrartyra at Mussels In 1G23, 
" Eln neuea Lied wir hebeu an." 

Luther is the Ambrose of German hymnody. 
His hymns are characterised by simplicity and 
strength, and a popular ohurchly tone. They 
breathe the_ bold, confident, joyful spirit of 
justifying faith which was the beating heart 
of his theology and piety. He had an extra- 
ordinary faculty of expressing profound 
thoughtin the clearest language. In this 
gift lie is not surpassed by any uninspired 
writer ; and herein lies the secret of his power, 



GERMAN HYMNODY 

He never leaves the reader in doubt of his 
meaning. He brings the truth home to the 
heart of the common people, and always hils 
the nail on the head. His style is racy, forcible, 
and thoroughly idiomatic He is the father 
of the modern High German language and 
literature. Hia translation of tho Bible may 
be greatly improved, but will never lose its 
hold upon the German - speaking people. 
Luther's hymns passed at once into popular 
use, and accompanied the Reformation in its 
triumphant march through German lands. 
Next to tlie German Bible they proved to be 
the most effective missionaries of evangelical 
doctrines and piety. How highly his con- 
temporaries thought of them may be inferred 
from Spangcnberjf, likewise a hymnist, who 
said, in his preface to the Cithara Lvtheri 
(15*5):— 

" 'Hie Thymes are easy and good, the words choice end 

f proper, the meaning clear and intelligible, the melodies 
ovely and hearty, and, in eumma, all la so rare and 
majestic, bo full of pith and power, so cheering and com-, 
fortiiig that you will not find Ids equal, touch less ids 
master." 

The first German evangelical hymn-book, 
the so-called AehtUederbuch, appeared in tho 
year 1521 and contained eight hymns, four of 
them by Luther, three by Speratus. one by an 
unknown author. The Erfurt Enchiridion, 
of the same year, numbered twenty-five 
hymns, of which eighteen were from Luther. 
The hymn-book of Walther, also of 1521, con- 
tained thirty-two ; Klug*s Gesangbuch, edited 
by Luther, Wittenberg, 1529, had fifty-four; 
Babst's of 1545, eighty-nine ; and the fifth 
edition of 1558, one hundred and thirty-one 
hymns. (See Koch, 1. 250 sqq.) This rapid 
inoreose of hymns and hymn-books continued 
after Luther's death. 

We can only_ mention the names of the 
principal hymnists who were inspired by his 
example. 

•Twttis Jimot, Luther's friend and colleague (14S3-1SS5) 
wrote," WoGoWderHerrnlchtbelonshUt" (j>i.i24). 
Paul Eber, the faithful assistant of MeUncbtbon and 
Professor of Hebrew In Wittenberg (I si i-isssl is the 
author of " Wenn wir In liocbBten Nothen wla," and 
" Herr Jesu Christ, wahr'r Mensch nnd Gott." totrfe. 
lord Waidit, of Hesse (liSS-lSsn, versified the Psal- 
ter. Xraaaa AVxr (d. in MecMenborg, ims), wrote 
twenty hymns which Hetder and Gervlnus thought 
almost equal to Lnther'a. Hia " Chriate, du btst der belle 
Tag,"le«tV.fiDm the Latin "Chrlste qui rax." Latanu 
SptagUr, at Nttrnberg (14J9-1&34) wrote, about 1622, 
abymn on sin and redemption, which soon became very 
popular, " Durch Adam's Fall ist gens verderbt." Bant 
S&ht, the aboemaker- poet of Nllrnberg (14B6-lKf G), 
was the most fruitful " Metster-sauger " of that period, 
and wrote also some spiritual hymns. Yttt Dietrich, 
pastor of St. Sebaldua In Numbers (d. 1&48), wrote 
" Bcdenk, o Kenscb, die grease Onnd." Markgnf 
AUmcht of Brandenburg (d. 1B61): "Was mein Gott 
will, geschehe mllxelt." Pout Bjperatut, his court-chap- 
lalnat Konlgsberg(U84-lS5l), contributed three hymns 
to the first German hymn-book 0524), of which the 
best is " Es ist daa Hetl una kommen her." J. &Anee- 
ftBff(d. 1BSV) pub. in 1M8 a hymn sUlltnuse, "Alleln 
su dir, Herr Jesu Christ." J. Mathaiut, tae pupil 
and biographer of Luther, and pastor at Joacblmsthal in 
Bohemia (1S04-1SGS\ wrote a few ; Jfiedave Herman, 
his cantor and friend(d. 1B«1% ITS hymns, especially for 
children, and composed popular tunes. A'icelavtDtciut, 
first a monk, then an evangelical pastor at Stettin (d. 
1S41\ reproduced the Gloria in txeettit to hia well 
known " Alleln Gott In der H3h set Ear" (IBM), and 
the Agnvt Dei In U* eucharlstlo " Lamm Gott** un- 
schnldlg"{lS31> 

Tbe oermau bymnody of the Reformation period was 
enriched also bv hymns of the Bohemian Brethren, which 
were freely translated by JtYetael tFefiic (WeysJ, and 
Johann Xok (Horn) of Silesia. TVeJsse was a native 



GERMAN HYMNODY 

<Jermau, who bud Joined the Bohemian Brethren, edited 
In IBM their Brat German bynva-book, and was sent by 
them jib a delegate to Luther In 1522. Luther at first 
favoured them, but afterwards they showed their pre- 
ference for the Reformed doctrine of the Sacramento, 

2. The Lutheran Hymnody from about 1570 
to 1648. — The productive period of the Luthe- 
ran church closed with the Formula of Con- 
cord in 1577, which gave final shape to its 
creed after the violent synergistic, antinomian, 
nbiquitarinn, erypto-Calvinistic and odiaplio- 
ristio controversies. The hvmns from Ihis 
time to the close of the Thirty Yeats' War 
bear upon the whole the same character of 
objective churchly piety. But the untold 
misery which that fearful war entailed upon 
Germany stimulated the production of a 
more subjective and experimental typo of 
sacred poetry, and multiplied ttie hymus of 
the Cross (Jfretw- und Troatiieder). 

The following arc the chief hymnists from 
the close of the 16th cent, and the first half 
of tho 17th etnt. :— 

Nicotaut Sdnecker (lE13a-l!iH2), a pupil of Melanch- 
thon and one of the framers of the Formula Oon- 
cordiae, is the author of nearly 150 hymns. Barlho* 
lomaeut Jftngwaldt (1530-lous), an equally fertile 
elmger, is beet known through bis name being associated 
with the Orman Diet irae, "Ea 1st gewlssllch an 
der Zelt." MlTtin Mailer (IWI-iwb); Martin. £dm 
(15ST-IG22) ; Martin Sckattitig [1532-1510), author of 
" Herelich Lleb hab ich dich, Heir." ISBJ : rdUrivi 
Htrbtrgtr (1M3-I6M), author of " Valet will ich dlr 
gebsn, 1B1.3. Philipp yicdlai, Pastor at TJnna in 
Westphalia, afterwards in Hamburg, where he died, 
1608, was a violent polemic against the Calvlnlsts, 
but two of his hymns, from the year 1S98 or earlier, 
namely, " Wle schon leuchtet der Morgenstern " (based 
on Pe. 46), and "Wachet aufl run. una die Stimme" 
(Matt. 30), are truly classical and universal favourites 
in German churches, as well as the eublime chorales 
which he adapted to them. Although he btlonga to 
the churchly school, he introduced, by the sweet and 
tender tone of his "Morning Star." the unique series of 
German Jesus-hymns, In which the sentiment of the 
love of the soul to the heavenly Bridegroom is expressed 
in glowing language. 

To the period of the Thirty Years' War 
(1618-1648) belong the following poeta :— 

Martin Cpitt (1591-16S9), who founded the SlIeEian 
school of poets, reformed the art of poetry and intro- 
duced greater purity of language and metrical regula- 
rity. Johann Harmann (16S&-1W7), a great sufferer of 
bodily ills, contributed many hymns of permanent 
value, as "Herstfebster Jean, was hast du verhrocben," 
" Jesu, Jesu, Gottes Sohn," *« O Jeeu Chrtste, wahres 
IJcht,* "Zlon klagt mit Angst und Schmerxen," 
Mitthaut ApeUet von Lmventtern (1G94-1S48) Is the 
author of " Christ*, du Bclstand deiner Kreujgemelnde," 
and " Jesu, meine Freud und Wonne." Michael Altera 
burg (168*-lMo) wrote the first three etanias or the 
famous battle brmn of Gnstavus Adotphus, ** Venage 
nlcht, du Hanfiein klein," which that hero had sung 
by his army before the battle of Ltttzen (Nov. la, 1632), 
Joh. Jfatthoeu* Meyfort (1 sao-UMi) is known by his New 
Jerusalem hymn, "Jerusalem, du bocbgebaute Stadt." 
To iVwI Fleming (leOB-lfrtu) we owe the pilgrim bvmn, 
" In alien melnen Thaten. Mention must be made 
also of Jodowi JfeniMHiH Schein (16*0-1630) j HtimritK 
Edd fd. c. 16S0); Georg Wetitd (1690-1635); Simon 
Ikieh (1606-1653) ; ratentin *SOo (lSol-ISM), Murttn 
JHnkart (1686-ISM), at the conclusion of that terrible 
war, 1<W8, gave ctas&Lc ejepneaion to the grateful feeling 
of relief In the German "TeDeum," "Sun danket alls 
Gott." 

3. The German Reformed Bmnnady during 
ihe Reformation period. — The Reformed 
churches of Switzerland aud Germany were 
far behind the Lutheran in original hymnody, 
but took the lead in psalmody. Zvringli and 
Calvin, the Swiss reformers, held the principle 
that the Word of God should have supreme 
dominion in public worahip,and that no produc- 
tions of man should be allowed to take its place. 



GERMAN HYMNODY 



415 



This principle raised the Psalter to new dignity 
and power, Versified versions of the Psalms 
became the first hymn-books of the Reformod 
churches. Clement Marot, court poet to 
Francis I. of France, had between 1533 and 
1538, translated several psalms into French 
metre. These circulated in ms. first at the 
court, and than among the Huguenots, from 
whose use of them they assumed a party 
character. When Calvin was expelled from 
Geneva in 1538, he settled at Strasburg, and 
published there in tho following year a small 
collection of 18 psalai versions and 3 other 
pieces with melodies attached. Of the psalms 
1 2 are by Marot, 5 by Calvin himself, and 1 in 
prose. The melodies are mostly of German 
origin. Calvin returned to Geneva in Sept., 
1511, and soon after that time another Psalter 
appeared at Strasburg, containing, besides the 
former 12, the IS other psalms which Marot 
had already versified. Calvin then published 
at Geneva, in 1542, a new psalm book, con- 
taining Marot's 30 psalms, his own 5, aud 
some shorter pieces, such as the Song of 
Simeon, the Creed, and the Decalogue. When 
Marot fled to Geneva in 1542, he revised these 
psalms for Calvin, and wrote for him 19 others 
wliich were published in the edition of 1513. 
Soon afterwards Marot left Geneva and died 
in 1544. Some years then elapsed when Theo- 
dore do Beze (or Beza) completed the Psalter 
at Calvin's request. The first instalment jvas 
published in 1551, and the entire work in 1562. 
The musical editor of the Genevan Psalter was 
up to 1557 Louis Bourgeois. The additional 
tunes of 1562 (40 in number) were added by 
an unknown hand. After the completion of 
the Psalter the tunes were harmonized in 1565 
by the celebrated Claude Goudimel, who 
perished in 1572 in tho massacre at Lyons 
which followed tho " Bartholomew" nt Paris. 
Hence tho melodic* have often, but errone- 
ously, been attributed to Goudimel, who had not 
even joined the Hupuennt party until most of 
the Genevan Psalterhad been published, and 
had no correspondence at any time with Calvin, 
pee Pialten, Trenoli.] The example set by 
Calvin and Beza was followed by the Ger- 
man Reformed, as well as the Dutch, Eng- 
lish and Scottish Reformed churches. Tho 
Psalter of Israel beenmo the favorite Re- 
formed hymn-book, and is used as such in 
some branches of Scottish and American 
Fresbyterianian, even to the exclusion of 
" uninspired " hymns. 

The first German Reformed hymn-book 
oppeoreJ at Zurich, 1540, edited by Jvhann 
Zwith, of Constance, Ambrote Blaarer (or 
Blaurer), and his brother Thomat Slower. 
It contained versified psalms and original 
hymns, with a preface in defence of congre- 
gational singing. But the most popular col- 
lection for a long time was the versified Psalter 
of AmbrosiuB Lobwasser, a professor of law 
at Konigsberg (b. 1515, d. 1585). It is a 
rhymid translation of the French Psalter of 
Marot and Beza, written at first for private 
devotion, and pub. at Leipzig in 1573. The 
poetry is the poorest part of the translation, 
and is well characterised by the name c f the 
author (Pratoewater) ; but the pious contents 
made it a rich source of devotion for a hun- 
dred years. It is a parallel to Roue's Engli ix 



416 



GEEMAN HYMNODY 



Tendon of the Psalter, [See S«ottish Kymnojy .] 
It is another interesting coincidence that Lob- 
wasser, who furnished the popular Psalter to 
the German Beformed or Calvinistio churches, 
was ft Lutheran, and that Francis Sous, who 
furnished the moat popular Psalter to Scotland, 
was an English Puritan, and spent his whole 
life in the south of England. What gave to 
both such an authority was the belief that the 
Hebrew Psalter is a complete and tha only 
inspired manual of praise for public worship. 

iii. Third Period. 
The third period extends from the middle 
to the end of the seventeenth century, or from 
Paul Gerhardt to Spener (1648-1080). It is 
the transition from the churehly and confes- 
sional to the pietUtic and devotional hymns, 
or, as the Germans say, from the Bekenntnitt- 
Hed to the ErbaitungslUd. The poets were 
mostly orthodox, bat with a mystic vein, and 
possessed fervent experimental piety. They 
include : — 

Paul Gerhardt (lSOT-lflTaX a Lutheran pastor ta 
Berlin, afterwards in Lubben, Is toe prince of German 
hymnists of the seventeenth century, and yields In 
popularity only to Luther, whom be greatly surpassed 
in poetic fertility. His 123 hymns are among the noblest 
pearls In the treasury of sacred poetry. Mote than 
thirty of thorn are still in use, and some of them have 
been naturalised In English dress by John Weslev, James 
W, Alexander, Miss Wink-worth. A. T. Russell, John 
Kelly, anA others. We mention "Denehl du delne 
Wege," "OHiopt voll Bint und Wunden," "Wle soil 
tcb 'ulch empfangen." Next to blm comes Joaann 
Franck (1816-1677), burgomaster of bis native town, 
Guben, [n Lower Lausltz, not so popular and hearty, but 
superior in art and pathos. He characterised poetry as 
" the nurse of piety, the IwraW of immortality, the pro- 
moter of cheerfulness, the conqueror of sadness, and a 
foretaste of heavenly glory." He bad a strong vein of 
mysticism, and began the series of the sweet pletlstic 
Jesus-hymns. Among his beat are, " Jesu, melne 
Freude, ' and the eucbarlstlc "Schmttcke dicb, o Uebe 
Seele." The three brothers Franclr (Sebastian, Michael, 
and Peter) occupy an Inferior rank. Johann Riti 
(1607-10ST), much praised and much censured by his 
contemporaries, crowned as poet laureate by the Emperor 
Ferdinand III. (16*4), was the most-fertile poet of his 
age, and produced or manufactured Sio hymns, pub- 
lished In ten collections between leal and 1661. Some 
an of a high order, but many only rhymed prose, and 
nearly all too prolix. One of his beat is, "O Ewigkett 
du Donnerwort " (Is status*, but greatly abridged in 
hrmn-books). Gearg Stimark (1SM-10S1), librarian 
at Weimar, la the author of the popular hymn of trust 
In God, "Wernur den lieben Gott laast walten,*' which 
grew out of a providential deliverance from great dis- 
tress. Michael Schirmer {1606-16731 wrote one of the 
best Pentecostal hymns, which, with Its popular tune, is 
found In all German hymn.boota: "O heU'ger GchH 
kehr bel nne ein." 

The following have also more or less en- 
riched German hymnody: — 

fokaHn Qtirra Aliinut (IDM-ISIO); JbAonn QUariw 
(leil-lSSslj Chriittan Xfeymann (HOT-IOTSI) ; C. F. 
ifachlaMjfer (leit-iess); CottfrisS w. Soar (1S3S- 
1WS); tfartnann Sehenelt (1SM-1681); Sigitaand 
ton BlrJtcn, called Bttuliut (1SM-1B91)[ Chrittofh 
KetaeflSH-lIIB)) SoiOBto Litem C16tO-l«8»); Chrii- 
ttan Xnorr vm Botennth (1S3S-1BSS); Ludaenilia 
Bimbtth, Countess of SchweHbuig-Rudolsladt (19«0- 
l«r>>; Anna Sopkia, Countess of Hease - Darmstadt 
(1630-1083); JfuMM* Juliana, Countess of Schwantwrg- 
RndolBtadt(l«37-t»06) t Louitc HtnrMtt, of Branden- 
burg (1W 7-1667), a Reformed princess, and wife of the 
great Elector, Is credited with four hymns, one of which 
Is an universal favourite : " Jesus, meine Zuversicht. " 
Jehann Schtfficr, called Angtltu SOttmt (I6M-1B77), a 
physician by profession, stands alone as to his ecclesias- 
tical jnattton, but Is not behind any of hie contemporaries 
In pome genius. He was constitutionally a mystic and 
became so disgusted with the Intolerant Lutheran ortho- 
doxy of his surroundings thst he entered the Roman 
CetboUc Church at Breslau, 1653, and became Involved 
fa • most bitter controversy, flit his hymns, some of 



GEEMAN HYMNODY 

which were written before his transition, outlived the 
strife, and are still found in every good hymn-book, e.g. 
" Ich will dlch lieben meine Starke," and " Llebe, die dn 
micb sum Bilde." Hie heart was almost pantbelstically 
absorbed in Christ, and his last words were, u Jesus and 
Christ, God and man, bridegroom and brother, peaceand 
Joy, sweetness and delight, refuge and redemption, 
heaven and earth, eternity and time, love and all, have 
mercy on my aouL" F. W. Fsber furnishes an Interest- 
ing parallel, both as a poet and as a convert from 
Protestantism to Eomenism. 

iv. Fourth Period. 

The Pietiitic and Moravian period, from 
Spener to Gellert (1680 to 1757), produced a 
large number of Irymns which breathe the 
spirit of a second Beformation or Revival in 
Germany, The Pietism of Philip Jacob 
Spener, and August Hermann Francke, was 
a reaction against the dry scholasticism and 
cold formalism of the Lutheran Church, and 
emphasised the importance of practical, per- 
sonal, experimental piety. It corresponds in 
many respects to Puritanism, which preceded 
it, and to Methodism, which succeeded it, in 
England, but it remained within the stale 
church. The Moravian movement resulted 
in a separate community, which Count Zin- 
xendorf organised on the remnant of the 
Bohemian and Moravian Brethren or TJnitas 
Fratrum. The Pietistio and Moravian hymns 
give expression to the various stages and 
shades of Christian experience, are fresh and 
lively, full of devotional fervor, but sometimes 
degenerate into a playful and irreverent sen- 
timental ism. 

It is a remarkable fact that some of the 
greatest religious revivals in the church — as 
the Beformation, Pietism, Moravianism, Me- 
thodism — were sung as well as preached and 
written into the hearts of the people, and 
that the lenders of those revivals — Luther, 
Spener, Zinaendorf, Wesley — were themselves 
hymnists. 

Prom the Pietistio and Moravian hymnody 
we must distinguish the hymnists of the 
German Eeformed Church, which began to 
relax the exclusive use of the Psalms, and 
produced not a few hymns equal to the best 
in the Lutheran Church of this period. The 
chief Pietistio hymuists are :— 

Phiiipp ■Tnroo £tpeMr (1636-1706% an Alsatian by 
birth, pastor of St. Ntoolai In Berlin, was in word and 
example the leader of the HeUsHc revival, and one of 
the best men In German church history, but he bad no 
poetic genius, and bis few hymns derive their value 
from his nameandfame rather than from Intrinsic merit. 
Aumtt Sermann franckt (1363-1727), the second leader 
of Pietism, a hero of faith In God, and founder of the 
famous Orphan House tn Halle, where he was professor 
of theology and pastor of a church, -wrote a few hymns, 
one on New Year, "Gott Lob/elnSchrlttiurEwiglcelt." 
CftrttMnn Fritdrie\ iKcMsr (lCTS-mi), a pious phy- 
sician and co-worker of Francke in his Institutions at 
Halle, is the author of S3 hymns \ the two best known 
represent Christian life In Its difficulty and itB ease, 
" Eakoetetvlelelu Christ xueeln," " Es 1st nicht schwer 
dn ChriHt su Bern ;" u Us glapxet der Christen inwendiges 
Leben." Johann Anatlatlu* FrejMnghamfn (1S70- 
1T30), son-in-law and successor of Franckeas director 
of the Orphan House, wrote a number of good hymns, 
and published the best hymn-book of the Pletietlc 
school at Halle, 170* and 1714. John Danid Henm. 
schmidt (1673-1T23), professor of theology In Halle and 
colleague of Francke in the management of the Orphan 
House: "Gott will's 'machen, Bass die Sacben," "Lohs 
den Herren, o melne Seele " (lTla). CKriutian Scrtver 
(10M-1SS3), pastor in Magdeburg, court chaplain at 
QneuUnhurg, author of the highly popular devotional 
" tSUUntchatt," wrote a few hymns, "Der lieben Sonne 
XJcbt und Pracbt," "Jesu, melner Seele Leben/' 
anyriti jtnwhl (l«#-ili«), the famous chnrch hlsto. 



GEBMAN HYMNODY 

rian, wrote several hymns of remarkable depth and de- 
votion to Christ ; " Hereof; unBrer Seligkelten," " So 
fuhrst du doch recbt selig, Herr, die Delnen." The last 
ww the favourite or the philosopher Schelllng. Knapp 
calla It " the richest hymn In thought and experience, 
ami full of m^estic wisdom." We may compare It to 
Cowper's hymn on Frovldenoe, " God moves in a myste- 
rious way. John Jacob Sehiltt (l&4a-U9Q\ a lawyer 
and syndic of his native city, ftankfurt-on-the-Maln, 
" Sel Lob und Khi dem hucbeten Out." Adam Drat 
(lMO-llui), " Seelenbriutigam, Jean, Gottes Lamm" 
(1MTJ. Joaonn Btinrich Schrtder (i<Ibs-isb»), pastor 
near Magdeburg, " Elns 1st notb, ach Hen, dless Elne " 
(1MI), " Jesu, hllf slegen, do First* des Lebens " 
(W9)j. Laurentitu l.aureati (lSSo-llM), musical 
director of the Cathedral at Bremen, " Ennuntert encb, 
thr Frommen," "Du wesentliches Wort." Munn 
Vatpar Sctiade. ( 16aa-i«Ba ), diaconus of St. Nlcolai 
In Berlin : " Mein Gott, das Hen icb brings Dlr," 
"Ilube 1st das beste Gut." Joachim Lange (167Q- 
1744), professor of theology In Halle, and friend of 
Francke, the morning hymn, "0 Jean, aassea Licht." 
Xrnit Uwgt (1850-1 MT), magistrate at Dansbj : " Untcr 
denen grossen Gatern." Lvdxa&g Andrea* GotUr 
(lesi-DM), of Gotta, a pious and fruitful hymnlst, 
'*llerr Jesu, Gnadensonne," " Womit soil lch dlch 
wohl loben," "Schaffet, acbaifet, Menschenktnder." 
Wolfgang CfcriiKos Batter (lew-DM), of Nurnberg, 
" lch lass dlch nlcbt, du musst meln Jesus bleiben," 
"Hinweg Ihr awelfelndon Gedanken." Johann Fried- 
rich Shti tk (lisfl-iise), pastor In Frankfurt, a faithful 
follower of Spener, and author of a very popular book 
of dally devotion, wrote 938 ploua hymns, hut of no 
noetic value. Johann Jacob J7B»GacA(l£93-1736), pro- 
fessor of theology at Halle, afterwards at Gieesen, the 
most churchly of the PLetistic hymnlats : " QrosBer 
Mittler, der xur Rechten," "Helland, deins Men- 
achenllebP," "Meln Jesu, der du vor dem Scbelden." 
Johann La&mlg Conrad Atlenaorf (lSM-im), editor 
of the "Cijtbn&che Lteder," "Die Secle ruht in Jeau 
Armen," "Unter Lllien Jener Freuden," "Wo 1st 
ein solehfr Gott wle Du." Leopold Fran* Friedrieh 
Lehr (iro9-lJ44), diacouus In CStben: " Meln Helland 
nlmmt die Sunder an." Karl tfetnr«:&.fliwati* , y(lMo- 
lTf 4% lived In the Orphan House at Halle and wrote 
numerous devotional works, especially the SchatikStt- 
lein t which la still extensively used : " Wach auf, du 
Qdat der eraten Zeuien,"' 'lch weiss von keinem 
annem Grande," " Mem Holland, du hast mich gexo- 
gen." Srntt Gottlieb Woltertdorf (1135-1T61), pastor 
in Bunalau, founder of ati orphan asylum, and a man of 
glowing zeal for the kingdom of God, " Komm, meln 
Hen, in Jesn Leiden." "Werist der Brant des Lsm- 
mes gleich," "Wie esllg 1st das Volk des Herrn." 
Bcnjaviin Schmotele (lo73-l?3?), paator primarlus in 
Hchwetdnitx, one of the moat prolific and popular hym- 
nists : " Abba, Ileber Vater, bore," " Ach sagt mil 
nlchta von eiteln Schatien," " Der beste Freund 1st 
In dem HimmeL" "Htmmelan geht unsre Bahn," "Je 
grosser Kreus, Je naher HlmmeV 1 " Meln Jesu, wle du 
wllSst," PMlipp FritdHcK BUler (tSW-ltWJ Is the 
most prolific hymn-writer of WBrttetnberg and author 
of popular books of devotion : " Mir 1st Erbarmung 
widerfahren," "Hen von unendlichen Krbarmen," 
" Jtsns Christus benacht ats Kuntg." 

[2) Tha Moravian Hymnitt* include some 
1-known names : — 

HVtolaiu iM&wtg Oraf »M Zinttndorf (1JOO-IT80), 
one of the moat distinguished lights in Lrerman churcb 
history (whoss motto was, * l 1 have but one passion, and 
this la He, only He "), bad with other gifts a true geniua 
for aacred poetry, and often extemporised hymns in 
public worship, or after the sermon, some of rare beauty 
arid some eccentric and trifling. Of Ins 3000 pieces, 90S 
wen translated for the English hymn-book of the 
Moravians. Several have been reproduced by John 
Wesley, Miss Wlnkwmth, and Miss Borthwiek. In fsr- 
tility and fervour be resembles Cbariea Wesley. " Alter 
Glaub f gen Sammelplatz," "ChriBti Blut uud Gerecht- 
la^elt," "Jesu, geh vorap," "Hew und Hera verelnt 
susammen,' 1 ll IWe Christen gsbn von Ort xu Qrt," 
"Christum tlbsr alVes lieben?' Chrttttan Eenatut 
Graf vm Zinitndorf (HM-l)aS), second son of the 
former and hla aaslatuit, composed, during bis short life, 
a few choice hymua, which were published by his father 
(ITU). " Msrter Oottea (Chrlstl), wer kann Dein ve> 
oeasen." The closing status, "Die wlr una allhler 
beisammen flnden," is very extensively used at tneclose 
of devotional meetings. Atwurt Gottlieb gpangtnbeTg 
ClT01-ll»a)k blabop of the Moravians, long resident in 
America, and author of the Moravian confession of 
faith (l&ta Fidei Iratrum, Hit), la the author of a 



GEBMAN HYMNODY 



417 



wd: 



beautiful hymn on Christian simplicity: "HeU'ge Kin- 
fait, Gnadenwunder,"andof "DieKlrcbeChristl,dleKr 
gewelht." Chritluut Qrcgor (ltaj-lSOIl Bishop at 
Bertbelsdorf, edited with Sparigenberg the Moravian 
Hymn-book of 1TI8, which is still in nee, also a choral- 
book (1184), and wrote one of the sweetest Jesns-hymna, 
fromths holy of holies of loving Intercourse with the 
Saviour, " Ach mein Hen Jesu I Dein Ifabeseln," 

(3) Iltpmikttoftbe German Reformed Church. 

Joachim Neander (lMO-1080% pastor at St. Martin, in 
bis native city of Bremen, a poet of overflowing praise 
of God, and iience called "the Fsarmlat of the Hew 
Covenant," wrote some of the very best and moat popu- 
lar hymns, especially " Lobe den Herren, den macMi- 
gen KSnlg der Ehren," "Sleh, bier bin lch, Ehreuko- 
nic," "Uuser Herrscher, unser Krmlg." Frit&ricK 
Adolf huHKpt (1 883-1 J»)i Professor of Theology at 
Utrecht, tbea pastor at St, Ansgari in Bremen, author of 
an elaborate Commentary on ibe Gospel of John, and 
of thirty hymns distinguished for depth and warmth. 
"Mein Feb hat fiberwunden," "Meln fjeben 1st tin 
Filgrimstand," "O Liebesglut, die Erd nnd Hlmmel 
paaret." Gerhard Tenteegen (1601-ltes), a ribbon- 
weaver In Muhlbelm en the Ruhr, sepamtlat, ascetic, 
evangelist and mystic of profound piety, author of ill 
hymns (Qtiittiehtt slvmenaartttin, 1I»), several of 
which are of the flrst rank, and are tr. by John 
Weslsy, Miss Wlnkworth and Miss Borthwiek, "Oott 
1st gegenwirtig I iJaset uns anbeten," " Golt rnlet noeb, 
sollt leb nieht endllcb buieik'' " Allgenugsam Weaen," 
"lch bete an die Machtder Llebe," "Jesu, dsr dnbist 
alleine," "Kommt, Kinder lssst una gehen," "Nun so 
trill icb denn meln Leheo," "OGott,0 Gelst, IJcbt 
dea Lebens," « SiegeafUrste, Ehrenkonlg," "Wle hist du 
mlr so innig gut.** 

v. FtftJi Periexl. 

The fifth period extends from 1757-1817, 
when Rationalism broko into the German 
churches and m»de sad havoc in the hymn- 
books and liturgies. It is the period of 
hymnological revolution. It began vritli the 
veil-meant zeal for improving old hymns in 
style and expression and adapting them to the 
taste of the age. This zeal had some founda- 
tion in the nnoouth language, the irregular 
rhymes, the antiquated words, and the Latin- 
isms which disfigure many hymns of the 16th 
andnth centuries. But it dUnot stop there. 
Kiopatoek, himself a great poet, published in 
1758, along with Ins own spiritual odes, 
twenty-nine of the old hymns in altered form. 
He was followed by a swarm of liymnologioal 
tinkers and poetasters who bad no sympathy 
with the theology and poetry of the grand 
old hymns of faitti ; weakened, diluted, muti- 
lated and watered them, and introduced these 
misimprovements into the churches. The 
original hymns of rationalistic prencherg, 
court chaplains and superintendents, now 
almost forgotten, were still worse, mostly 

Srosy and tedious rhymes on moral duties). 
'onversion aud Sanctiflcatton were changed 
into self-improvement, piety into virtue, 
heaven into the better world, Christ into 
Christianity, God into Providence, Providence 
into fate, Instead of hymns of faith and 
salvation, the congregations were obliged to 
sing rhymed sermons on the existence of God, 
the immortality of the soul, the delights of 
reunion, the dignity of man, the duty of self 
improvement, the nurture of the body, and 
the care of animals nnd flowers. 

And yet this was the classical period of 
German poetry and literature. But Goethe, 
Schiller, Wieland, Leasing, Herder, wrote no 
hymns, and had little or no sympathy with 
evangelical religion, except Herder, who knew 
how to appreciate the old hymns. 

% E 



±18 



GERMAN HYMNODY 



We pass by the would-be hymns of rational- 
istic compilers of hymn-books* which have 
mostly gone out of use again. But there 
were during this period of dearth a few 
genuine hymniste whose works will not be 
forgotten, though, they were affected somewhat 
by the moralising tone of their age- These 
include: — 

Christian FurchtegoU Gellert (mB-UftO), professor 
of poetry, eloquence and moral philosophy in Leipiig, 
a noble, truly pious. And highly gifted man, wrote 
tfpirituat Odes and /f^nnf (lftft), which are didactic 
rather than lyrical and emotional, but scriptural, warm, 
edifying, and justly popular, especially in North Ger- 
many: " Auf Gott, undnlcht aufmeinen Rath," **Dieas 
1st der Tag, den Gott gemacbt," "Gott, delne Gllte 
reicht eo welt," "Jesus lebt, mlt Thm auch ich," 
*'Mein erst GefGhl sei Preis und Dank/' **Wle gross 
1st des Allmachtigen GQte." Friedrich Gottlieb Klop- 
sfoek ( 173 1-1803), the Gorman Milton, the Ginger of 
the " Messiah/ 1 wrote also some hymns of high poetic 
merit, but lacking in popular simplicity, " Auferstehn, 
ja, auferstehn wirat da ^(Resurrection hymn), 4i Halle* 
lujab, Amen, Amen " (funeral hymn), " Selig sind des 
Hlmmels Erbsn" (funeral hymn), fohann Caspar 
Lavater (1141-1801), pastor at ZElrich, once a friend of 
Goethe, and a nobis Christian philanthropist, wrote, " 
Jesus Chrlstus, wachs' in mir," " Fortgeka mpft und 
fortgerungsn," "Jean, Freund der Meitschenkinder.'' 
Matthias Jorissen (1T3&-1823), pastor of the German 
Reformed church in the Hague, made one of the best 
poetic versions of the Psalms , Matthias Claudius (1 74 Q- 
181S), called " AemuB," or the " Wandsbecker Bote," * 
faithful witness to the truth In an Age of unbelief, wrote 
a popular evenbig hymn, "Der Mondist aufgegangeu." 

vL 8hih Period, 

This dates from about 1817, and is the 
period of the revival of evangelical theology, 
piety, and hymnody. Xt is rich in hymns 
which combine the old faith with classical 
elegance of form, sound doctrine with deep 
feeling. We have : — - 

Friedrich von Hdrdenberg (IIVZ-ISOIX called Wovalit, 
was a youthful forerunner of the new epoch, a poetic 
genius of high order and burning love to Christ, con- 
nected with the Moravians, and also with the Romantic 
school* His hymns are among the very beat, though 
somewhat sentimental. " Wenn alle untreu werden," 
**Was wit/ ich obne Dich gewesen," "Wenn ich Ihn 
nut babe." Ernst Moritx Arndt (1769-1860), professor 
of history in Bonn, and a noble German patriot, revived 
an interest la the old German hymns, 1819, and himself 
wrote one, which found its way into most hymn-book*. 
"Ich weiss, au wen ich glaube." Friedrich Adolf 
Krummacher ( U68-ia«), pastor of St. Ausgari at Bre- 
men, and author of tbe popular "Parables": "J£ine 
Heerde und Eln Hirt." *' Deln Ktinig komnit, o Zion, 1 * 
"Mag auch die Debe wenien," Friedrich wilhelm 
B^rummacher (d. 166*), son of the former, pastor in 
Elberfeld, afterwards court chaplain at Potsdam, a 
most eloquent pulpit orator (sermons on ElUah, Ellsha, 
David, the Advent, the Passion, fee.): "j5u Stem in 
alien Nachten," " Bebalte mich in Deiner Pflege. Tl 
Johann Baptist von Albertini (1169-1831), of a noble 
family of the Grisons, In Switzerland, Moravian bishop 
at Bertbelsdorf, fellow<student and friend of Schleier- 
macher, and a man of genius and piety i 1l Af it Deiner 
Glutb entzUnde mich, 1( Selig elnd, dlo niclit sehen 
und docb Uebcn " Karl Btrnhard Carve (L763-18-11), 
likewise a Moravian minister, and a gifted hymnlst ; he 
died at Herrahut ; " Delnfiti Friedeu gib una Herr," " Der 
ersten Unscbuld reines GlOck." Friedrich Kitahert 
(lftKJ-1866), one of tbe greateat masters of lyric poetry, 
wrote a beautiful Advent hymn : ** Deln Konig kommt 
inuiedernHlUlen*" Albert Knapp (11 flS-l864) T minister 
at Stuttgart, one of the most fruitful and gifted reli- 
gious poets, and editor of the l( LiederscbaU/* Hfs 
best hymn* aret "Einee wtmsch Ich mir vor allem 
andern," " Ich bin In Dlr, nndDu in mir," "Hell, Jesus 
Chrlstus M eratanden, 1 * "Nicht menBcbiicher Rath, 
noch Erdenveretand,^ "Schopfer melues Lebens." 
Ckrittvm Gottlob Rarth Cl7flS-lSfl2), a friend of Knapp, 
utd likewise a Swablan, reflected his indefatigable 
veal for foreign missions in his hymtq; "Der Dn in 
Todesnacbten,^ " Huter, ist die J?«ht veraohwundeit*" 
Meta Heutwr-SGKvocix&r (1797-1S16), of Switzerland, 
called by Dr. Koch " the moat eminent and noble among 
alt the famale poets of our whole Evangelical Church? 



GERMANUS, ST. 

'♦leb weies, dassmein Erloser lebet"* : "Hen, du haet 
vielgeweluet,""TheneriBtderTodderDeinen T " "WiU- 
komuien, Lleber Oatertag." Miss Jane Bortbwick has 
translated a number of her poems in Atpine Lyrics, (fart 
Rudolph Hagtnbat\ (1801-1674), Professor of Church 
History in IJaael, "StUJe hajten deinem Walton," 
"Wachet aufl Erhebt die Bllcke." fQtutim 1'tter 
I^angi (1803-1984), professor of theology In Bonn, a 
most fruitful author, editor of the welUknown "Bibel* 
werk" and of a collection of hymns, wrote several 
Little volumes of poetry; " Was kein Auge bat 
gesehen," "Der Herr 1st *nferetanden/ J KdrlJohann 
PhiUjyp Spitta (1801-18SS), a Lutheran pastor and 
superintendent in the kingdom of Hannover, is upon 
the whole the most popular hymnlst of the nineteenth 
century. His Psaltery and Harp passes through a 
new edition every vear (the GOtb appeared with illustra- 
tions in 1SS4)* llis hymns are characterised by deep 
evangelical piety and simplicity, and have found an 
excellent translator in Richard Massie. u Bel JMr, Jesu, 
will ich bleiben," " Kehre wiedcr, kehre wtede^. , * "0 
selig Haus, wo man Dich aufgenommen," "O wle 
freim wir urts der Stunde," " Stlmm an daa Lied vom 
Sterben," «Unser Wandd ist im Himmel," "Wenn 
meine letzte Stunde schlagt." Karl Gcrok (born Jan, 
30, 181 5 )i prelate and court chaplain In Stuttgart, tbe 
moat fruitful and popular religious poet of Germany now 
living. His collections of poems bear the poetic names 
Falmblatteff Ffingstroscn, JBlumen und Swrtii: "Es 
ist In keinem andern Hell," " Sel wUlkommen, Tag des 
Herrn." 

The woiha chiefly nsed in thi» sketch are 
the following :— 

(1) Gcschithtt da KirthenUed* ttnd Eirthengesangt 
der christlicken, insbes&nderc der deutschen tvangi' 
lischen Kir&t* Von Eduard Emil Kocb, Dekan, fee, 
3rd ed. completed by Klchard Lauxmann and Prof, 
Adolf Wilhelm Kocb, Stuttgart, 1866-1976, in B vols. 
(The second ed, appeared 1B52 and 186S In 4 vols.) (2) 
GctcltichU des dentschen KiTchrrdiida bis <tnf I.uthtr* 
Zeit. Von Hoffmann von Fallersleben, BresLau 1«3^ 
3rd ed. Hannover, 1861, (3) Das deuisvhe Kirch&ititd 
van Martin Luther bit attf Niatlattt Btrman und Am- 
brosiut Blaurer. Von Dr. K. E. P. Wackemagel, 
Stuttgart, 1841. (4) UaS Deutsche Xirchealivd tfon der 
&lt£8ten Zeit bis tuAitf&nff des xvii. Jahrhxndtrti. Von 
Phillpp Wackemagel. Leipzig, 1864- 17, in 5 vols, (com- 
pleted by his two sons). A truly monumental work of 
the greatest value. We always quote this work, unless 
the other is expressly mentioned. (5) Geistliche Lieder 
der evangdischen KircKe am dan sechn&Knten Jahr^ 
Kundert nach den altctten Drueken herausgegeben. Von 
Dr. Julius HUtielL BerUn, 18B5, In 3 vols. (6) Dtnk- 
mdler deutseher Foesie und Frosa aus dem btenbis ISffB 
Jahrh. Von K. Mdlleuboff und W- Scherer. Berlin, 1864, 
(7) Christian Singer* o/ Germany. By Catherine 
Wlnkwortb. Loudon, lsfiB* (8) Kircntnlieder-Lexicon, 
Hymnohgisch - literarischt jYachweieungen ttfer ca* 
4500 der vtidhtigsUn und verbreitetiten Kirehtntitder 
oiler fatten, he. Von Albert Friedrioh Wilhebn Fischer, 
Gotha, 1878-79, 2 vols. (B) Also tbe older bymnologlcal 
collections and diaouffilons of /fanhttch, BanttH, Knapp, 
Daniel, J, P. Lange, Stier, Stip t Gejjkk&t t VUmar t Jfcc. 
(16) Itouen, Clement MdrQt et l& Fiautier Huguenot t 
1S79-S0, a vols. [P^ gj 

Gennan Psalters [*aait*ra, Gbtokui,] 

Germanus, St. [65^734,] One of the 
Greek hyinn-writera, and one of tl^e grandest 
among the defenders of the Icons. Ho wu 
born at Constantinople of & patrician family; 
was ordained there ; and hecame subflequently 
bishop of Cyzicue. Ho was present at tho 
Synod of ConBtantinople in 712, which re- 
atored the Monothelito heresy; but in after 
years he condemned it. Ho was made patriarch 
of Constantinople in 715. In 730 he was 
driven from the see, not without hlows, for re- 
fusing to yield to the Iconoclastic Emperor Leo 
the Iflaunau. He died shortly afterwards, at 
the age of one hundred years. His hymns are 
few. Dr. Neale selects his eanou ort The 
Wonder-working Itnage of Edesaa as his most 
poetical piece (see Nealo's Hyv. of the Eastern 
Church* 1862, and later editions), Tbe earliest 
biographical account of Germanus is found in 



GEBOK, KARL VON 

Basil's Menohgy, under May 12, Later we 
have ft Memoir by Hensehew (Boll. Acta S. S, 
Mai, iii, 155). His hymns are given in ifijpne 
and Dau&I, and have been translated to a 
small extent into English by Dr. Nealo. (For 
further biographical details see Diet. Christian 
Biog., pp. 658-659.) [H. L. B.j 

Gerok, Karl von, d.i> , was b. January 
HO, 1815, at Stuttgart, and studied theology at 
the University of Tubingen. He was, worn 
1836 to 1810, assistant at his father's clutrch 
in Stuttgart ; 1840-43, lecturer (repetent) at 
Tubingen, and after 1341 diaconus at Bobiin- 
gen, near Stuttgart. In 1810 be returned to 
preach at Stuttgart, where be now resides 
(1886), ns chief court preacher and obereonsis- 
torialrath (0. Knots, 1879, p. 165; ms. from 
Dr. Ton Gerok, &o.). 

Gerok is well known as an eloquent preacher, and hae 
published virions volumes of eermons. Hie fame prin- 
cipally rests on hfs sacred poetry. The best known of 
Ills poetical works la bis Faln&Uilter, 185), which bas 
attained a. wonderful circulation, and readied a 66th 
edition In 1886. A new series appeared in lSJsasJ'aim- 
WUttr Hem Fstgt [«b ed., 1SSS, under toe title An/ 
efososiAt G&ngen), A series of poems on the ltooU of 
the Acta of the Apostles appeared as I^fingt troten, 18*4, 
(Bth ed. 1886). His other poetical works are, Die ktxtt 
Straua, 18BS (Mb ed., isae), Blame*, unit Sttrtte, 1867 
filth «d., 1BB6), and DtulickeOtlern^ inn(Stbei„ 1883). 
The PahAlAatttr la in four parts: pt. 1 constating of poems 
on Holy Words, t .e. mostly founded en ssylngB of Huly 
Scripture; pt. tl. on "Holy Times" (Advent, &c.)j 
pt. 111. on " Holy Mountains," and pt. Iv. on "Holy 
Waters," i.e. on Mountains and Waters mentioned In 
Holy Scripture. From It a few centos have passed into 
some of the recent German hymn-books i and a version 
apparently including tr$. of all the poems in the ed. of 
the German need appeared In English as Palm Leavet 
by Karl Gcr&. TraniloXedfron the German by J* E. A. 



GIB DEINEN FBIEDKN 



419 



Broum. London : Strahan & Co., 1889. 
her of the individual poems have also been (i-.ty Miss 
Bertuwlclt («ho has also tr, a few from the lyngtt* 
men), Miss Burlingham, the Revs. Dr. K, Magulre, 
E, Maaoia, J. Kelly, and various others. But as none of 
these versions have passed Into English C. EJ., and as 
tbe originals are poems and not hymns, we must refer 
the reader to tbe works of these translators. [J. M.] 

Oersdorf, Henrietta Catharine von, 
dan. of Baron Carl von Frtesen, \ras b. at 
Sulzbach, near Amberg, Bavaria, Oct. 6, 1648, 
In 1672 she married Baron Kieolaus von Gers- 
dorf, of Dresden ; and after his desth, in 1702) 
retired to her estate of Grosshennersdorf, near 
Herrnhut, Saxony, where she for some time 
superintended the education of her grandson, 
Count N, L. von Zinzendorf; and where she 
d. March 6, 1726. 

Her hymns, which are among the best or the period, 
appeared principally in tbe iJtbaiu G. B., 1725, mud her 
tfetttf&ae &ttpe-£tunden, LSbau, N. t>„ 1726, and were 
wllBcbeAtaberGeietreicheLieaerundpoetiKhtBetrach- 
timgen, Halle, 1729. Through S. J. Bamhach's ffaui 
■G. B., list, and tbe Hanmoeer G. B., 1140, some 30 
have passed into German use. Two have been tr. Into 
English:— 

i. Sin Jabr der BterUiolkeit. Jftic Tear. In the 
USbau G. B., lI2&,'oTo. sae, in 11 st„ repeated 1723, p. 
21 . Tr. as, " Anotber year of mortal life," by Dr. a. 
Walker, 18S0, p. ». 

il. Vaa darfst du, blSdaa Hen. Lent. 1729, p. 70, 
lit IS Rt-, entitled, "On theGracaofJustincntum. Tr, 
as, " What meanest thou, my soul," by Dr. H. MUU, 
1846 (1B58, p, (6). [J. M.] 

Qesenlua, Justus, n.n,, e. of Joachim 
Gesenius, pastor at Esbeok, near Lauonstein, 
Hannover; was b. at Eebeck, July 6, 1601. 
He studied at the Universities of Hclmstedt 
and Jena, graduating m.a. at Jena In 1628. : 
In 1629 he became pastor of St. Magnus's 
Church, Brunswick; in 1636 court chaplain I 



and preacher at the Gathodral in Hildesbeim; 
and in 1642 obief oourt preacher, consistorial- 
roth, and general superintendent at Hannover. 
He d. at Hannover, Sept. 18, 1673 (Koch, iii. 
230-237; Allg. Deutsche Bteg.,ix.ffl-88; Bode 
p. 76,4c). 

Geseutus was an accompllohed and Influential theo- 
(Klan, a famous preacher, and distinguished himsett by 
his efforts to further the catechetical instruction of tho 
children ol Ills district. Along with B. Senleke (a.v.) 
he edited the Hannoverlan hymn-books of 1646-lfiOO. 
Both he and Denlcke aunedat redndng tbe older German 
nymns to correctness of style according to tbe poetical 
canons of Martin Opiti ; not so much interfering with 
the theology or making the authors speak a terminology 
foreign to them. Consequently their recasts, while 
eetting a bad example, and while often destroying much 
or the force and freshness of the origlnala, were not by 
any means so objectionable as the recasts of the Ration- 
alistic period, and moreover were soon widely accepted. 

As no author/ names are given in the 
Hannoverian hymn-books, it is difficult to as- 
sign tbe authorship of the new livmns and 
recasts therein contained. The following is 
generally, and apparently with reason, as- 
cribed to Gosenius : 

Wenn nwtae Bund' mion krttnlsn. Pastirmti/it. 
His finest hymn as regards depth, warmth, and 
finish. 1st pub, iu the Hannover Q. B., 1644 
No. 49, in 8 st. of 7 1. It has been called a re- 
cast of the hymn " Hilf Gott, dass mir gelinge,'* 
but bears not the slightest resemblance to it, 
lacluded ia (Jruger^s Braxis, 1656, and many 
later collections, as the Berlin G. L. 8., ed, 
1863, No. 277. By s not unjust retribution 
it was soon recast, and appeared in the Bjitwbttry 
G. B., 1661, as " Wenn mich die Sunden krXa- 
ken." Tr.ss:— 

1. When guttt and shame me raising. In foil, 
by J. C. Jacobi, iu pt. ii., 1725, of his Psal. Ger., 
p. 4 (1732, p. 34). In the Moi-aman H. Bk. of 
1789, Ko. 106, it is altered to "O Lord, when 
condemnation"; and in the ed, 1886, it begins 
with st. v., " Lord, let Thy bitter passion." A 
cento of st. ii., iii., v., from the Moravian H. Si., 
1801, was adopted by Montgomery in his Christian 
Psalmist, 1825, beginning, " O wonder far ex- 
ceeding," and this is in tbe Jfeio Zealand Hyl., 
1872. 

t. tori, when my suit grieve me. A good tr. 
of st. i., ii., iv., v., by A. T. Russell, as Ho. 81 in 
his Pa. $ Ifys., 1851. 

8, When sorrow and remorse. In full, by Miss 
Winkworth in her Lyra Ger., 1st Ser., 1855, 
p. 74. A cento consisting of 11. 1-4 of St. i., 
lv.-vL, and of stnnui viL, rewritten to B.al., is 
in the Pennsylvaniau Luth. Church Bk., 1868. 

4, tori, when eomdenuuitiea, A full and 
good tr., included as Ko. 34 in the 1857 ed. of 
Mercer's C. P. $ H. Bk. Probably by Mr. Mercer, 
but mainly taken from the Moravian It. Bk., 
1789, and from Miss Winkworth. Repeated; 
abridged, in his Oxford ed., 1864, Ko. 149, and 
in the Toronto H. Bk., 18G2. 

s, Wham o'er my Bins I sorrow, A good tr. 
based on her 1855 version, and omitting St. ii.-iv., 
by Miss Winkworth, as No. 48 iu her C. B. for 
England, 1863. [J. M.} 

Gib deinen Frieden una, o Herr der 
Starke. [The Pease of God.'] Included as 
No. 1520 in Knapp's Ev. L. S., 1837, in 6 st. 
of 4 1., without name of author; but in the 
1850 ed., Ko. 1857, ascribed to C. B. Game. 
We have failed to discover any authority for 
this ascription, and the hymn is certainly 

2 E 2 



420 



GIB UNS, JESU 



neither inGarve's GkrisUicue Get&nge, GHrlitz, 
1825, nor in his Brilderges&nge, Gnadau, 1827. 
The only tr. is : — 

Sir* us Thy blessed peace, God «t «I1 might i 
A fall and good version by Mrs. Findlater in the 
4th aeries, 1862, of Ihe M. L. L., p. 87 (188+, 
p, 248) ; repeated ns Ko. 141 in Jellicoe's CWf., 
1867. [J. M.] 

Gib una, oJeou, Quad, [Lone to Christ.'] 
Included as No. 175 in F. Hommel's Getsfticfte 
Ve}k»lieder, Leipzig, 1871, in 5 st. of 4 1„ as 
from (he Witrxburg G. 3. (». C.\ 1630, and D. 
G. Corner's Grots Gatoliseh G. B.. NuTnberg, 
1631. Ho ontitles it " Against the Lust of 
tlio World." BSumher, it p. 317, cites it as ia 
the Autaerkiene, Catltolische Gtie&iche Kirch- 
enget&ng, Cologne, 1623. The only tr. is, " Jesu 
be ne'er forgot/' by Mitt Wivhxorth, 1869, p. 
251. She quotes the first line as, " Jesu, gieb 
nns deiu* Gnad." [J. M.] 

Gibbons, Thomas, ttos t>. at Beak, near 
Newmarket, May 31, 1720 ; educated by Dr. 
Taylor, at Deptford ; ordained in. 1742, as assis- 
tant to the Bev. Mr. Bures, at Silver Street 
Chapel, London ; and in 1743 became minister 
of the Independent Church, at Haberdashers* 
Hall, where he remained till his death, Feb. 22, 
1785. In addition to his ministerial office be 
became, in 1754, tutor of the Dissenting Aca- 
demy at Mile Bud, London ; and, in 1759, 
Sunday evening lecturer at Monkwell Street 
In 17w the College at New Jersey, U.S., gave 
him the degree of K.A., and in 1764 that of 
Aberdeen the degree of i>.d. His prose works 
were (1) Calvinism and Nonconformity de- 
f ended, 1740; (2) Sermons on rartout subject* 
1762 ; (3) Rhetoric, 1767 ; (4) Female Worthies, 
2 vols., 1777. Three vols, of sermons were 
pub. after bis death. His poetical works 
were: — 

(1) Juvenilia; Poems on variout subjects of Devotion 
and Virtue, 1JS0, was published V subscription. 
Among the subscribers Is found the nine of tbe Rev. 
Mr. George WhiteAeld, b.a. It iu dedicated to tbe 
Countess of Huntingdon, and bears her coat of arms. In 
tbfs volume arc Included versions of six of the Psalms, 
and a few hymns. (2) Bymns adapted to Divine vor. 
shipin tm aookt. Book I. Derivedfrom select passages 
of Bety Scriptures. Book II., Written on sacred subjects 
and particular occasions, partly collected from variant 
authors, but principally composed by Thomas Gibbons, 
!>.!>.. 178a. &) Bjpnns adapted to Divine worship in 
tvro books. Book I. derived from select passages of the 



Holy Scriptures. Book II. Written on- sacred subjects 
anivarttculnr occasions by Thomas Gibbons, n.D., 1784, 
(4) Tbe Sermons, pub. In 1732, included fifteen hymns, 
. one being appended to each sermon. (6) The Christian 
Minister in three poetical epistles to Philander, 1773. 
TOis volume Included (I.) Poetical versions of several 
puts of Scripture. (11.) Translations of poems from 
Greek and Latin writers. (Hi .) Original pieces on various 
occasions. (6) An English version of the Latin Bpi- 
teujhs on the nonconformists Memorial, with apoetn to 
the memory of the 10*0 ministers ejected (n lsea. 177s, 
(T) Select Portions of Scripture, and Bemarkable Oc- 
currences, versified for the Instruction ontt entertain, 
ncnt of Touth of both Sezes, 1181. Reprinted in Ame- 
rica, 18*6. 

Dr. Gibbons mfjy be called a disciple in 

hymn-writing of Dr. Watts, whose life he 
wrote. His hymns are not unlike those of the 
second rank of Watts. He lacked " the vision 
and faculty divine," which (fives life to hymns 
and renders tiiem of permanent value. Hence, 
although several are in C V. in America, they 
are dying out of use in G. Britain. The most 
popular ore, " Now let our souls on wings sub- 
lime"; "Great God, the nations of the earth"; 



GILES, JOHN B. 

" Thy goodness, Lord, our souls confess " ; 
" To Thee, my God, whose presence fills." 

[W- O. H] 

The less important of Dr. Gibbons's hymns, 
whioh are still in C. U. are;— 

1, And be it as that till this hour. Hope, This 
is Mo. 50 in Bk. li. of bis Has. adopted to Divine War. 
ship, fee., 1769, In 5 st. of 41., and headed, " Encourage- 
ment against Despair i or, Hope still set before us." 
Originally a Sacramental hymn, in Rippon's Sel. r 1787, 
No 330, It was altered to a general hymn, with Bpccial 
reference to " Hope," 

I. Assist us, Lord, Thy Ham* to praise. Life, a 
race. In Bippon's Bap. 5W, 1787, No. S2B, mint, of 4 1. 

9, Stomal life, how sweat the aound. Eternal 
Life, This is one of three hymns on Titus 111. 7, In 
bin Hyi. adapted to Divine Worship, etc., list, Bk. i., 
No. ISO, In » st. of * 1, In tbe American Dutch Re- 
formed Bus. of the Church, 1869, No. 843 begins with 
st. li., " Eternal life, bow will it reign i " 

i. Father, ia not Thy promise pledged 1 Missions, 
This Is Ft. iii. of his hymn, " Great God, the nations of 
the earth " (q. v.) 

6*. Forfivsasas, tie a joyful aound. Pardon. 
From bis Hyt. adapted to Divine Worship, ftc., 11S0, 
Bk. 1., No. 69, in et. of 4 1. Into several modern collec- 
tions in G. Britain and America. It is based on St. Luke, 
vli. 4). 

Si Fromwinter'abarTenoloda. [^pKn^.] Appeared 
In his Bymns, Ac., 1184, Bk. it.. No. 27, in 5 st. of 41., 
and beaded, "Tbe Return of the Spring celebrated In 
tbe Powerful and Gracious Work of God." In 1787 It 
was repeated anonymously in Sippon's Bap. Set., No. 
4S9. The hymn, " Great God, at Thy command, Sea- 
sons In order rtoe," begins with st. iii. of this hymn, 

1, Hapjgr the men ia anetent days, pusKc Wor- 
ship. In his Bye. odepini to Public Worship, Ik,, 1784, 

I, On ZuMt, hit meat holy meant. Gospel Feast. 
From bislfy*. adapted for Divine Worship, Ac, 1T0S, 
Bk.i„No. js,lnest.of4i. It was originally a Sacra- 
mental hymn, but In Its abbreviated form, as In use in 
America, that element la eliminated. 

9. Out Father, high enthroned above. Lord's 
Prayer, Appeared in the Bristol Bapt. Coll. at Ash ss 
Evaue, 1700, Mo. 41, in » et, of 4 1. In 177a it was re- 
printed In a revised form, and with an additional sUasa, 
In Gibbons's Christian Minister, p. 74. 

10. Thy goodness. Lord, our souls confess. Pro- 
vidence and Grace. Appeared In the Gospel Maga- 
zine, 1776, and in his Mvt. adapted to Divine Wor- 
ship, ex., 1784, Bk. 11., No. 11, in 7 st. of 4 1. In 
Dobell's Set., 1806, et, i.-lv., and vi. were given with 
alterations, wblch were not improvements, as No. s. 
This arrangement la repeated in modern hymn-books, 
including tbe Bap. B)/mnal, 1879, and others. 

II, When Jesus dwelt iu mortal elay, Jesus oar 
Example. IYom his Byt. adapted to Divine Wbrxkip, 
to;., 1784, Bk. 1., No. 128, In » et. of 4 1. Into a few 
American collections. Including the Bap. Praise Bk., 
1871, 

The move important of Dr. Gibbons's hymns 
are annotated under their respective flTst lines. 

[W. T. B.] 
Gilbert, Ann. [Taylor, A. k J,] 

Giles, John Eustace, was born at Dart- 
mouth In 1803, and educated for the ministry 
at the Baptist College, Bristol. After preach- 
ing for a short time at Haverfordwest, he 
became, in 1830, pastor of the church in 
Salter's Hall, Loiidon. Leaving Salter's 
Hall in 1836, he ministered successively at 
Leeds, Bristol, Sheffield, JUthmines (Dublin), 
and Clapham Common, London, He d. at 
Clapham Common, June 21, 1875. His prose 
works include A Funeral Sermon on the Death 
of Robert Ball ; Lectures on Socialism, &e. 
From childhood he composed hymns and 
poetical pieces. InI834,at the request of the 
Baptist Missionary Committee, he composed 
a hymn in celebration of negro emancipation, 



GILL, THOMAS H. 

And No*. 9, 16, * 24 in their Jubilee Coll., 1842. 
The hymn by which he is beat kuown js :— 

Xaat Than sold, exattad Jaauil aUg Baptinn 
(AauU\ It ts ii composition of special merit, rod tn 
KngUsfi Baptiat congregation* 1b probably oftener sung 
onBtptlsmil occailona thin any other hymn. It m 
written "during a serioua illness, in 1330, end la nn- 
tlclpetloti of bSTine to bapttie several person* it Salter's 
Hall, London, on Ins recovery." (afnpwi and Ann 
lB8»,p.4S2.) It was printed in 1838 In 3 Bt. ofSL. In 
13*8 it was given In the Bapt. Ft. * JJjn,, No, 706,'irttli 
the omission of at. 11. The fall origin*! text bj In the 
Boot, Hytinot, 1878, Ho. «3». It le »lao tn several 
other coltecttons. [W. R. S.J 

Oill, Thomas Hornblower, was b. at 
Bristol Road, Birmingham, Feb. 10th, 1819. 
His parent* belonged to English Presbyterian 
families which, lie many others, had become 
Unitarian in their doctrine. He woe educated 
at King Edward's Grammar School under 
Dr. Jeune, afterwards Bishop of Peterborough. 
He left the school in 1838, end would have 
proceeded to the University of Oxford, but 
was prevented by bis hereditary Unitarianism 
(long since given up), which forbade sub- 
scription to the Articles of the Church of 
England then necessary for entrance to the 
University, This constrained him to lead 
the life of aa isolated student, in which he 
gave himself chiefly to historical and theo- 
logical subjects. Hence his life has been 
singularly devoid of outward incident ; and its 
interest gathers about his hymns, and the 
seasons of overmastering thought and feeling 
which gave them birth. The only events that 
can be chronicled are the publications of his 
boohs (see below). It is in the singular com- 
bination of influences which has formed his 
character and determined his thinking that 
the real interest of his life consists. Here U 
to be found the true key to the understanding 
of his hymns. To his Puritan ancestry may 
be traced their deep religiousness; to his 
Unitarian training their ethical earnestness ; 
and to his poetical temperament their freeness 
from conventionality. Delight in the divine 
songs of Watts was his earliest intellectual 
enjoyment; and in after years the contrast 
between their native force and fulness and 
their dwindled presentation in Unitarian 
hymn-books began that estrangement from 
his hereditary faith which gradually became 
complete. These various influences mingled 
in his own hymns and have conspired to 
render him what Dr. Freeman Clarke calls 
him, ■* a more intellectual Charles Wesley." 
He belongs to the small company of really 
original hymnists. His hymns are marked 
by a remarkable absence of, and even opposi- 
tion to all antiquarian and sacerdotal ideas 
of Christianity, a keen discernment of the 
spirit rather than the mere letter of the 
Gospel; and profound thought on Scripture 
themes, so tbat some of his hymns are too 
subtle for use in the ordinary worship of the 
Church. Their style is characterized by a 
certain quaiutness of expression reminding one 
of George Wither or John Mason, but modified 
by the influence of Watts'a warmth of feeling. 
They have great sweetness of melody, purity 
of dtetion, and happy adaptation of metre and 
of style to the subject of each hymn. They are 
almost exclusively used by Nonconformists. 
Dale's English H. Bk. contains 39 ; the Baptitt 
Hymnal, 19 ; Border's Cong. Hymna, II ; Mar- 



GILL, THOMAS H. 



421 



tinean'B Hyt, of Praise <t Prayer, 1 1 ; and the 
Conpregatumal Churek Hymnal, 14. The fol- 
lowing are Mr. GUI's published works :— 

(l) The fortunet iff Aid, 13*1 ; (a) The Anaiter- 
Ktria (Poena In commemoration of great Mm and great 
Events), lSISj (Si The Papal Drama, (an historical 
essay), ISSS [ ft) The Orfdm chain of Praile Bymm 
bf fkonat B. em, 18M; (*) iMtker't Birthday 
(Hymns), ISSS ; (S) The Triton*, of Chriit (Memorials 
of Franklin Howard), 1833. 

Mr. Gill's hymns number nearly 200. Of 
these, over 80 are in C. U. in G. Britain and 
America. The most widely used of these:— 
"Everlasting, changing never"; "O mean 
may seem this house of clay " j " O wherefore, 
Lord, doth Thy deor praise"; "Our God, our 
God, Thou shinest here " ; " The glory of the 
spring, how sweet " ; and " Thou biddest, Lord, 
Thy sons be bold " ; are annotated under their 
respective first lines, the rest ore noted below. 

[W. G. H.J 

Tiie 75 hymns which follow ore oil anno* 
tated from the author's us. notes, kindly sup- 
plied for use in this work : — 

1, Ah tromhler*, hinting and forlorn. .Eternal 
Hmth. Written tn 183H, and 1st pub. in hla Golden 
Chain, *e., 1S6K, p. 149, in » st. of 4 1. In 1873 
Mertlneau gayest. Iv.-lx.lnhlsif^mn^&e., No. 36s, as, 
" Young souls, bo strong the race is run." TJkese were 
repeated in the Bapt. Hymnal, 1878, as No. 862, 

t, Alaa the outer emptiness, Omteeratim of the 
Heart, Coniributed to <i. Dawson's Ft. <e Hyt., 1843, 
No. 121, in 7 st. of 4 I, It ni Introduced to the 
American Unitarian collections through Hedge & Hunt- 
ington's Hyt. far (he Church of Chriit, 1863, Ho. (119. 

S. Alaa theaa pilgrims btnt and warn, whit- 
tuntide. Written in 1803, and 1st pub. in hhtAnniver- 
tarfes, 1368, p. 73. in U st. of t 1., then in U. Uavton's 
Ft, A Hyt., IsSS, the Golden Chain, be, less, p.107, be. 

4, Alone with Thee, with The* alone. Worship 
in Solitude, Written In 1866, and l,t pub, in bis 
Golden Chain, fce., 18B9, p. 29, in S st. of 4 1. 

5 *■ And didst thou, Lord, our Borrows take f 
i'autmtlae. Wrltien In 1843, and pub. tn hla Golden 
Chain, tc., 18S», p. 46, In 6 st. of 4 1, It Is in several 
English collections. 

e. Behold -the ererUating Son, Aictmion. Writ- 
ten In 1831, and 1st printed In the Ifagley Magaeine, and 
(hen in Q. Dawaon a Pi. & Hyt., 1882, and the Golden 
Chain, 1833, p. 47, in S st of 4 1. 

I, Sre*k, new-born jear, on glad eye* hreak. 
Mm rear. Written in 1366, and 1st pub. In hiiCoMtB 
Chain, kt, 1S3S, n. 144, In 6 at. or i I . It la one of the 
most popnlar of the author'e bynms, and ii fonnd In 
many collections. 

(. Bright Praaanos! may my soul have part, 
Witnett of the Spirit. Written in 1349, and 1st pnb. in 
hla Gttdtn Chain, &c., 196», p. 190, In 3 it, of 8 1. It 
is repeated in the amgtof the Spirit, N. Y., 1811. 

9. Bright Thy preaflmoa irben it bzvKketh. FuVlic 
Worihif. Written In 1S66. and 1st pub. in hi* Golden 
Chain, *c., 1839. p. 17, in 8 rt. of 3 I. In the Bapt. 
.Bfemtnol, 1979, and in Hale's Bugiith H. Bit. It ti in an 
abridged ltotn. 

10* Bay divine ? when audden atnamlnf , . Whit, 
Snndav. Written on Whitsunday, 1BS0, and 1st pub. 
In Q. Dawson's Pi. & Syt., 1869. and again In the Ootdea 
Chain, tx., 18*9, p. 97, In 3 at. of 8 1, In some Ame- 
rican coUecUons. as the Dutch Reformed Hyt. of the 
Chwth, i 9S», It Is given as " Day divine, when in the 
tenple." 

II. Sear Lord and Xa*ter mine. Resignation. 
Written in 18B8, and let pnb. in his Golden Chain, be., 
1388, p. 182, in 7 at. of 4 ]. It nt in somewhat exten- 
sive use both In G. Britain and America. 

19, Sear Lord, Thou art not Berry, Paisiontide. 
Written in 1338, and 1st pnb. In his Golden Chain, be., 

188*. p. 68, In 8 St. Of 9 1. 

IS. Ssar Lord, Thy light Then dost not hide, 
Ckrittian Labntrt. No, 126 In the Golden Chain, ke,., 
1889, p. 178, in est. of 4l.onthetext, "Let your light so 
shine before men," be, and was written In 1956. 

11. So we only gWe The* head. Jtnu the 



422 



GILL, THOMAS H. 



Gladdener of Life, Written tn 1849, and lit pub. in 
0. Dawson's Ps. it Hyi,, 1853; and Benin In the Golden 
Chain, fee, No. 145, in 6 et. of 6 1, In uso in G. Bri- 
tain and America. 

IS. Embrace your full Salvation, Heaven, Writ- 
ten tn 1870, and 1st printed in TKt CongregationeUist, 
1873, in 9 St. of 8 I. On including it in bis English H. 
Bk., 1974, Dr. Dale transposed soma of tbe staiuau. 

18. Farewell, delightful day, Sunday Evening, 
Writlen In 1967, and nub. In his Oddcn (Visit), fee, 
1869, No. 19, In 9 st. of4 I. In the Church Praise Bk,, 
N. Y., 1982, st, i., viil, is.., uc given with the altera- 
tion of the opening line as, "Holy, delightful day." 
Dr. Hatfield, fa bis Church H. Bk., H. Y., 1872, has tbe 
same opening, but be omitast, Iv.-vi, of the original, 

17. Tathar, glorioua with all splendour. Holy 
Trinity. This hymn of great merit was written in 
I960, and pub, in the Golden Chain, Aw., In 1969, No. 4, 
fu 7 at. of 8 1. In some American collections, including 
Hys. & Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1974, No. IT, st. lv., 
vi., Til., are given aa "Father, Thine elect who loveit." 

IS, Father, hast Thou not on toe, Eternal Lout. 
A Trinitarian hymn on eternal lavs, composed In 1861, 
and pub. In his Golaen Chain, tic, 1869, No, 139, in 7 
st. of 8 1. In 1889, at. v.-vii. were given In the Suppl. 
to thereto (lung., ae " Mighty Quicfcener, Spirit blest." 

19. Fait many a smile! full many a ions;, 
Joy in God tbe Father. Written in 18*4, and let pub. in 
hia Golden Chain, &c„ 1869, No. 8, in 9 sL of 4 I. In 
Dale's English H. Bk., 1874, No. 21, at. II., which 
applied personally to the author alone, was omitted . 

20. Bow can X, lord, abide with The* 1 Prayer, 
" Produced In 1856, Struck with the didactic character 
of Cowper's and M'Httgozneiy'B hymns, < What various 
hindrances we meet,' and ' rrsyer Is the soul's sincere 
desire,' I greatly wished to set forth the soul's view of 
prayer, simply, naturally, poetically, and achieved 
this hymn with much aspiration and satisfaction." 
tainted In the GoUlcn Chain, tie., 1969, No. 119, in 9 
et. of 41,, and beaded "Fray without ceasing." 

SI. How, Lord, shall vows of aura be sweat 1 
Public Warship. The author's earliest hymn. It was 
written in 1845, and 1st pub, in G. Dawson's Ps. it 
Hys., 1948, No. 114, in 8 st. of 4 L, snd agiln in tlio 
Golden Chain, fee, 1889, No. a. It is in several 
American hymn-books. 

38, la earth too fair, I> youth too bright ! 
Consecration of Faulk. Id God. Written in 1848, and 1st 
pnb. in his Golden Chain, fee, 1969, No. 102, In 13 St. 
of 4 1,, and entitled "The Hymn of Youth." 

St. It not my apirit ruled with Thine, God glo- 
Hon* in His works. " Written In the summer of 1848 
among the hilisand streams of Derby shire," snd 1st pub. 
In the Golden Chain, fee, 1989, No. IS, In 8 st. or 4 1, 
and entitled "God glorious in His worke," 

8a, let bolder hearta the atrife require, p}-aycr 
against Temptation. So. 218 in Aiartineau's Hys. qf 
Praise and Prayer, 1873. It was written in 1851, and 
1st pnb. in the Golden Chain, Ac., I860, in 7 st, of 4 1. 

25. jUftthyaong among the nations, National 
Hymn. Written in 1863, and 1st pub. in G. Dawson's 
Ps. & Hys., 1983, In 4 st. of 9 1, When repealed in the 
Golden chair., fee., 1869, No. 82, an additional etanza. 
(ill.) was given, and it was entitled " England's Hymn." 
It is a spirited hymn and worthy of greater circulation 
than it now has. The 1869 text is given tn Dale's 
EngKihll. Bk., 1874, No. 1239, 

8ft. Lord, am I precious in Thy aif ht. Grieve not 
the B. Spirit, Composed in mo, and 1st pub, in G. 
Dawson's Pi. «fc Hys., 1B53. In 1889 It was Included in 
tbe Golden Chain, Ac., No. 70, in 7 st, of 4 1., It 
is In C. V- la America. A cento is also in the Sujgil. to 
the Xevi Cong., 1989, No. 1895. It is composed of St. 
111., v r , vl. much altered, and not Improved, and begins, 
" O Holy Spirit, dost thou mourn?" 

£7. Lord, comes thia bidding strange t» ua I 
Invitation to Rejoice. Written In 1849, and 1st pub. in 
hia Golden Chain, fee, 1869, No. 144, In 11 tt. of 4 t. 

33. Lord, dsat Thou ne'er Thy eervanta bless 1 
Five Grace. Written in 1856, on tho words of Oliver 
Cromwell a9 used by him in a letter io his "beloved 
cousin Mrs. St. John," dated "Ely, 13th October, 1838." 
"Truly no poor creature hath more cause io put bim 
self forth in the cause of his God than I. I ham had 
plentiful wages beforehand; and I am sure I shall 
never earn the least mite." (Carlyle's Oliver Cromwell's 
Letters and Speeches, fee, Letter II.) The hymn was 1st 
pub. In the Golden Chain, Sic., 1889, In u at. of 4 1. 

£9. Lord, from Thee, what grace and glory. 
National Hymn. This cento in Vince's Coll., 1870, No. 



GILL, THOMAS H. 

459, is from the poem, on St. George's Day, written in 
1853, and pub. in the author's Anniversaries, 1858, p. 47. 

30, Lord, from these trembling aoula of ours. 
Praise. Composed In 1959, and 1st pnb, in hla Golden 
Chain, fee., 1869, No. 3, to 10 St. of 41, 

31, Lord God, by Whom all change is wrought, 
Cod Eternal. Written In 1969, tbe keynote being the 
words of St, Augustine, "Immutablua mutans omnia," 
and 1st printed In the Songs of the Spirit, N. Y., 1871. 
In 1874 It was included In Dale's English Jr. Bk. ; and, 
in 4 st, In tbe Itept. Hymnal, 1879. 

39. Lord God of old, who wenteat. PuoKc Wor- 
ship. Composed In 1868, and 1st pub. in Ills Golden 
Chain, fee., 1809, No, 30, In 5 st. of 9 1, 

33. Lord, if our dwelling place thou art, com- 
munion of Saints. Written in 1858, and 1st pub. In 
his Golden chain, fee., 1889, No. 160, in 8 st of 4 1. 
The hymn, " Death has no bidding to divide," in Dale's 
English H. Bk., 1874, begins with et. 1L, and omits st. 
i,, lv. of this hymn. 

34. Lord, in thia awful fight with sin, victory 
through Christ. Written in 1861, and 1st pub. in bis 
Golden Chain, fee, 1B69, No. 128, tn J st of 8 1. 

SS. Lord, in Thy people Thou dost dwell. Unity 
of Christ and His people. Written in 1864, and let 
pub, lu his Golden (^ain, &&, 18611, hi 12 et. of 4 J. 

30. Lard, Thou hut been ear dwelling place, 
national Hymn. " Begun among the Waldenees, 1804," 
and 1st pub. in his Golden chain, ic, 1989, No. £9, 
inset, of 71., entitled, " The hymn of tbe Waldenses," 
and supplemented with the note, "This hymn aa a 
whole belongs to the Waldenses only, among *hom It 
was begun, but all the people of God have an interest 
In the first two and the fart verses." Acting upon this 
suggestion of the author, these stanzas were given in 
the Suppl. to the ,Yeui Cong., I860, US No, 1025. 

37, Lord, Thtro wenldat hare us like to Thee. 
Holiness desirsd. Written ill 1846, and 1st pnb. tn G. 
Dawson's Pi. <e Hys., 1848, No. 130, in Sat. of 41. It 
is In several American collections. 

38. Lord, Thy graoiona voice hath epohen. Christ 
ourfJsesur, Written in 1840, and 1st pub. in G.Dawson's 
Ps. £ Hys., 1853; aud agaiu in the Golden Chain, fee., 
1869, in 3 et. of 9 1. 

S3. Lord, when I all things would possess. 
Humility. Writlen in I860, and 1st pub. in his Golden 
Chain, tic, 1869, No. Ill, tn 8 et. of 4 L In Marti- 
neau's Hymns, tic, 1973, No, 304, st. 11., iv., vll. are 
omitted. Tills hymn is also in C. 17. in America. 

40, Lord, when we some at Thy dear call. 
The Holy Ghost, the Sanctifer. No. 72 En hia Golden 
Chain, 1860, In 1st. of 41., was written in 1956, and ie 
given In tin Songs ff the Spirit, N. Y., 1971, 

41. Kay we not, Father, meetly mourn 1 Burial. 
No, 161 in his Golden Chain, fee, 1860, io 9 SU of 4 1., 
was written In 1955. 

43. Kethought my soul had learned to love. 
Resignation. "Composed In 1863 and first printed In 
Golden Chain, 1869. Itcemefrom the very depths of my 
own heart, was inspired by a suppressed trouble which 
turned out one of the greatest blessings of my life." 
In the Golden Chain, &c., No. 114, it is (riven in 7 st. 
of 41,, and is beaded, " Not my will hut Thine be done." 

43. My God, I da not flea from Thee. Joy. 
Written In 1840, and let pub. In his Golden Chain, &c,> 
1869, No. 10, In 7 et. of 4 1. The Jfew Cong., 1869, 
No. 1119, begins with st. it,, "Father, Redeemer, 
Quickener mine," and also omits st. iv. 

44. My God, my Majesty divine. Child of God. 
Written in 1846, and 1st pub. in G. Dawson's Psalms 
<t Hys., 1946, No. 116, tn » st. of 4 L, and again, after 
revision, in the Golden Chain, fee, 1889. No. 135. The 
original text is In C. U. in America. 

45. Not, Lord, Thine anoient works alone. Pub- 
lic TPbrrsio. Written in 1914, and 1st printed in The 
Congregalwnalist, in 6 st, of 1., and entitled, "The 
Living God." In Dale's English U. Bk., 1914, aL iii. 
is omitted. 

4$, Hot yet I love my Lord, Jjtnt. Written In 
1863, and 1st pub. in his Golden Chain, fee, 1869, No. 
80, in 9 st. or 4 1, It is iu several collections^ including 
Msrtine&u's Hymns, fee, 1873, No. 100, 

47. Not yet, ye people of His grace. Here nod 
Hereafter, A hymn on the "Tho Vision Beatific," No. 
185, In his OoWen Chain, fee,, 1869, in 11 st of 4 1. It 
was written In I860, and is In American C. U. 

48. O height that doth all height exaeL Written 
In 7853, and " was born of tbe words of Augustine in 



GILL, THOMAS H. 

the outset of tbe Confessions, 'Secretisslineet Prsessn* 
tiseline,' and was the first of several hymns inspired by 
hli wonderful auUthesca about God." It mi 1st pub. 
in G. Dawson's Ps. * But., 1863, and again In the 
(toWen CAoin, Ac, 1868, No. 13, In » at. of 1 L It Is 
lu English sod American 0. U. 

49. Holy (Hwst, Who down doit nm>. tVHii- 
nmlide. "Written it Malvern on Whitsunday, 1863; 
a day of singular spiritual enjoyment, and outward love- 
liness." It was lat pub. In the OoWrw Chain, &c.,lS6», 
No. 14, in 1 et. of 4-1, sod beaded, " A Breathing after 
the Holy Spirit," and Is In several collections. In 
Martlneau's Hymns, &c, 1813, No. Ml, it begins with 
sfcii., "Splritof Truth, Who nuirest bright,' e*-l- and 
vl, being omitted. 

M. not (lone in saddest slight. Divine Guid* 
ana desired. Composed In 1866, nod 1st pub. In Ms 
Golden Chain, be., 1859, No. 120, tn s st. of 4 L 

(1. O not to nil the mouth of fame. A Servant of 
Chriit. "Composed in 1848, and printed first in a 
rami) collection of poems entitled, I think, r*e Rod*." 
In 1813 it was given in G. Dawson's Pt. A ITyi. ; anil lu 
1868, in the Gotten Chain, it, No. 121, in 8 si. of 4 I. 
Its use is mainly confined to America. 

53, Q not upon our waiting eyes, Divine Love. 
Written in 184*. end lft pub. in bis Golden Chain, be., 
1888, NO. 29, In 6 St, of 4 I. 

54, saints of old, not youn alone. Seeking 
God, Written In 1848, and 1st pub. in G. Bawson's 
Ps. AHyt., 1853; and again, after revision, IntheCWden 
Chain, be., 1868, No. 128, In Id et. of 4 L The Ameri- 
can hylnn-baoks have usually tbs original text, but In 
Dale's Fngiiik H. Bk., 1816, and Horner's Cong. H. Bk., 
18*4, the text is abridged from the Golden Chain. 

(i, smitten soul that cares and oonfluts wring, 
Beaten detired. Written in 1864, and 1st pub. in bis 
Golden Chain, be., 1389, No. 76, in 8 st. of 41, 

W, Spirit, sw«t and pure. Vonttant Pretence 
of the Holy Spirit desired. Written In 1888, and given 
tu bis Golden Chain, be, 1968, as No. Ill, in 1 et. of 8 1. 

46. time, ne'er resteth thy swift wing, Worth 
of Time. Written in 1866, and let pun. in bis Golden 
Chain, Ac, 1869, No. 98, in 8 st. of 4 t. 

o7- O whemfote bath, my spirit leave 1 Sjtiritaat 
Changes. " Composed with great ardour and stir of 
soul to 184!, and first printed in the Golden chain, 
1869," No, 86, in ) st. of 4 L 

61. O'er fulness of giaos, blest Britain rejeioe, 
National Egnn. Composed lu 1868, and 1st pub. in his 
golden Cftajn, &c, 18S9, No. Sl.in list, of 11., and en- 
titled, " The Thanksgiving Bong of Protestant Britain " s 
to which was added the words of Milton : " Let us all 
go, every true Protestant Briton, throughout the three 
kingdoms, and render thanks to God the Father of 
Light, and to His Son, Jesus Christ our Lord." 

W. Saviour, needs the world no longer! Christ 
AUinAU. " Written in 1S4T , . . it was inspired partly 
by my contemplation of Shelley's hapless, Chrlstless 
life." It was 1st pub. in G. Dawson's l't. <s /fyt., 1B53, 
and again lu the Golden Chain, 6c, 1B69, No. 35, in 
1 st. or G L, and headed, " Lord, to whom shall we go." 
Its use is Limited, and far leas than Its merits deserve. 

60, Saviour, Who from death didst take, lit 
Resurrection of Chritt, a cause tf Confidence. Written 
in lese, add 1st pub. tn his Golden -.chain, be, lsao, 

No. 88, lu 6 St. Of 6 1. 

61. 8w*et Sfitit, would Thy breath divine, 
lite Holy Ghost, the Purifier, desired. Written In 1866, 
and given as No. 11 in bis Golden Chain, be, 1869, in 
10 st. of 4 1. 

65, The happy fields, the heavenly host. Heaten. 
Written in 1848, 1st pub. In G. Dawson's Pl A Hut., 
1863, and again in tbe Coiden Chain, fcc., 1868, No. 151, 
in 10 st. of 4 I. 

63, Thy happy ones a strain begin. Joy in God. 
Written in 1848, and pub. in G. Dawson's Pi. £ Hys., 
1848, No. 118, tn 6 st. of 4 L lu tbe Golden Chain, 4c, 
1868, No. 148, the text is slightly changed. The text 
in C. U. in G. Britain and America U front the original. 

St. Too dearly, Lord, hast Thou redeemed, lent. 
Written lu 1866, and 1st pub. in bis Golden Chain, he,, 
1898, No. 91, in 9 st, of 4 L 

6i. Tfnto thy rest return, lent. Written tn 1886, 
and 1st pub. in his Oottten Chain, be, 1989, No. 91, in 
st. of 6 L 

66. We eante unto our fathers' (Jed. Go&onr Abode. 
" The birthday of this hymn, November 22nd, 1858 (St. 
Cecilia's Dsy), was almost the most delightful day of 
my life. Its production employed the whole day and 



OILMAN, SAMUEL 



423 



was a prolonged rapture It was produced while 

the Golden Chain was being printed, just in time to be 
a link therein, and was the latest, as ' How, l.ord, shall 
vows of. ours be sweet ?' was the earliest song Included 
therein." In the tfoioVn Chain, be., 18«», it is No, 12B, 
in 7 st. of 1 1„ and is entitled, " The People of God.'' 

67, W* triumph in the glorierui grate. citizens 
of Heaven. Written in 1858, end 1st pub. In bis 
Anniversaries, 1868, and again In his Golden Chain, 
be., 1869, No, 153, in IS at. of 4 1. 

68. What sweetness on Thin* earth doth dwell, 
Nature rettaling God, [fliimmer.] Written in 18541, 
and 1st pub. in bis Golden Chain, be, 1859, In 8 st. 
of 4 1. 

6B, When shall I, Lord, a journey take. Lent, 
Written in 1885, and 1st pub. fn bis Golden Chain, be., 
1869, No. 80, in 8 st. of 4 L It is in C. U. InG.Brltala 
and America. 

70. Whine* thia naming joy that makathi 
Wit Prodigal' s Return. "Writren in 1863 joat before 
the hymn beginning ' Thrics blessed soul, wbo Htltl 
hath made,' with the text 'Son, thou art ever with 
mo' {Golden Chain, No, 184), which Is its complete* 
meet ; and let printed in the Golden Chain," 186*. 
No. 81, in 6 st. of 6 1. 

71. Would the Spirit mora completely t The Gifts 
of the Bfirit. Written in 1848, and let pub. in G. 
Dawson's Ps. A Hys., 1863 \ and again tn the Golden 
Chain, be, 1868, No. 67. In 3 st. of 8 1. 

70, Te ohildren of the Father, Spiritual Worship. 
Written In 1861, and 1st pub. In his Golden Chain, be., 
1868, No. S3, in 8 at. of 8 1. 

71. Y* of the Father loved. Praise. Written 
in 1B82, and 1st pub. In the Golden (*oi*», fee, J8W, 
No. S, in 8 st. of 8 1. 

71, Ye people of the lord, draw near. Holy Com- 
nunion. Written in 1856, and 1st pub. In his SoWen 
Chain, be, 1868, No. 121, in 1 st of 4 1. 

7S. Ye souls, the Father's vtay own. Holy 
Diligence. Composed in 1881, and 1st pub. in his 
Golden Chain, Itc, 1889, No. 142, In 9 st. of 4 1. 

These hymns are usually abridged in the 
hymn-boohs, the length of most of them being 
against their nee in tlieir full form. Altltough 
they are gradually growing in popular esteem, 
the extent of their use is much more limited 
than their mcrite deserve. [J. J.] 

Oilman, Caroline, nfe Howard, 

daughter of Samuel Howard, and wife of Dr. 
8. Gilmun (q.v.), was b. at Boston, U. S., in 
1794, and married to Dr. Gilman in 1819. 
After Dr. Gilman's death in 1859, she resided 
for a time at Cambridge, U. S., and subse- 
quently at Tiverton, Long Island. Mrs. 
Gilman is the author of several tales, ballads, 
and poems, and of the following hynina : — 

I* Is there a lone and dreary hour! I'rovideTice. 
Contributed to Sewall's Unitarian Coll., K. 
York, 1820, in 4 st. of 4 1. In 1887 Mrs. Gil- 
man ndded a stanza thereto for the CharleBtown 
Services $ Hymns, The original hymn is in 
extensive use omong&t the Unitarians in Q* 
Britain and America. 

]. We bless Xhee for this aaored dar, Stmday, 
Also contributed to Sewall's Ceil., 1B20, in 4 st. 
of 4 L, to which minther was added by Mrs, 
Gilman, for the Charlestown Semises !/ Hymns, 
18«7, In extensive use. [F. M. B.] 

Oilnievn., Samuel, d.d., was b. at Qlou- 
ceator, Massachusetts, Feb. 16, 1791 ; graduated 
at Harvard, 1811, and was a tutor there from 
1817 to 1819. In 1819 be became the pastor 
of a Unitarian congregation at Charlestown, 
South Carolina, and retained the same to his 
death. He d. at Kingston, Mass., Feb. 9, 
185S. His hymns include : — 

1, God, accept the aaored hour. Holy Com* 
tmm\on. Contributed to Dr. Harris's Hys. for 
the Lord's Supper, July, 1820, republished in 



424 GILMOBE, JOSEPH H. 

Sewall's Unitarian Coll., S. York, 1820, and in 
Uter collections. 

I. V* slut; Thy nanrjr, Odd ft 1st*. Jtoiy 
Communion. Published as in the case of No. 1. 

8. Yet, to th* [that] last Maunaad. /foty Com- 
tNttaftm. Published as in the esse of JTos, 1 & 2. 

[F. M. B.] 

Gilmon, Joseph Henry, h.a., Professor 
of Logic in Rochester University, New York, 
was b. at Boston, April 29, 1831, and graduated 
in Arts at Brown University, and in Theology 
at Newton Theological Institution. In the 
latter he was Professor of Hebrew in 1861-2. 
For some time lie held a Baptist ministerial 
charge at Fisherville, New Hampshire, and at 
Rochester. He was appointed Professor at 
Rochester iu 1868. His hymn, " He leadeth 
me, O blessed thought " (Ps. xxiii.), is some- 
what widely known. It was written at the 
close of a lecture in the First Baptist Churob, 
Philadelphia, and is dated 1859. It is in the 
pap. H. [and Tune] Bk., Philadelphia, 1871. 

[E. M. B.] 

Gisborne, Thomas. [BUffaidifain Hymn- 
book..] 

dive ear, O lord, to hear. W. Sunnit. 
[Jenf.] Appeared in his Seven Sobs of a Sor- 
rovefvl Soul for Sin, 1585, in 3 st. of 8 1., and 
entitled, "An humble suto of a Repentant 
Sinner for Mercie." In 1815 it was reprinted 
in E. Fair's Select Poetry, tte., of the Heign of 
Queen Elizabeth, vol. i. p. 157! From that 
■work it passod into Kennedy, 1863, No. 398, 
in an altered form as, " Attend, O Lord, and 
hear." [W T. B.] 

Give glory to the Lord. J. Montgomery. 
[Praise.] Written June 1st, 1836 ["m. wss."], 
and pub. as a f)y-slieet for tlie Whitsuntide 
gathering of the Sheffield B. 8. Union, 1839, 
in 6 st. of 11. It is No. 91 in his Original 
Hys^ 1853. It is in limited use in America, 

[J. J.] 

Give glory unto God on high. B. 
Barton. [Praise to the Saly Trinity?] Pub. 
Eu his Poetic Vigil*, 1824, p. 189, in 5 st. of 
10 1. In its full form it is unknown to the 
collections, but the following centos therefrom 
are in C U. : — 

1. All glory to the Father be, Who made the earth. 

*c. TivU h» "-■'-" ~ ~ " _ 

18)1. 



So. 164 Id tbe S. F. C. K. Church Bys., 



S. Asoribe we to the Esther pniie. This la ap- 
parently based upon at. i.-iv. of this hymn, and la 
Ho. Ill) in A'mnectjf, 1663. 

S. Give glory unto God on high. Tbis, in a st. of 
el., is No. ma in .Kennedy, issa. 

4, The Father, God, w glorify. This is No. 10* 
Is tbe Ooolte and Denton Hymnal, ISS3, [J. J,] 

Give laud unto the Lord. John Pul- 
Icwn. [Ps. cxlviii.] This version of Ps. 118 
appeared, possibly in the last Anglo-Genevan 
Psalter, appended to The Forme of Prayers, &<:., 
1553, aud certainly in tlie Anglo-Genevan 
Psalter, 15(51 ; thence into the Scottish Psalter, 
in 1565, where Psalm 136 (" O Lord, the Lord 
benign) is in the stune metre. It is not in 
modern use; but is of historical importance 
as tlie first instance in psalms or hymns of 
the metre, 6.6.6.6.1.1.1.1. subsequently so suc- 
cessfully employed by Tate and Brady, in 
** Ye boundless realms of joy"; by I. Watts 
In "Lord of tbe worlds above" ; and in the 
hymns of many other writers. The beat stanza 



GLAD SIGHT, THE HOLY 

of this version we give as an example of both 
the metre and the Tendering ; — 

3. " Praise Him both moon and son, 
Which are bo clear and bright j 
The same of yon be done, 
Te guttling etan of light ; 
And eke no less, 
Ye heavens fair, 
and clouds of th* air, 
His land express." 

The full text is difficult to find except in the 
Psalters appended to old editions of the Bible 
and Prayer Book. [Old Version, § ix.] [J. J.] 

Give me the wings of faith to rise. 
I. Watt*. [Heaven : Ml Saint*.] let pub. in 
hie if. & Spiritual Song*, 2nd ed., 1709, Bk. ii., 
No. 110, in 5 st of 1 1., and entitled, "The 
Examples of Christ and the Saints." It is in 
extensive use in all English-speaking coun- 
tries, and generally in its original form as in 
the Hy. Cornp., No. 357. In Kennedy, 1863, 
the opening line reads ; — " Be mine the wings 
of faith to rise," No. 1379. Tbere are also 
other slight alterations in the text [J. J.J 

Give thanks to God the Sovereign 
Lord, [King]. I. Watts. [Ps. exxxvi.] This 
c. M. version of Ps. 136 was pub. in his Ps. of 
David, &c, 1719, in 10 at of 1 1., with the 
following note : — 

" la every stanza of thin Psalm I have endeavoured to 
Imitate tbe Chart** or Burden of the Song, Fbr Hit mtrcy 
endnreth for ever, and yet to maintain a perpetual 
variety/' 

Tlie systematic way in which this end is 
accomplished is sketched out iu the title which 
he gave to his Paraphrase. It Teads ; " God's 
Wonders of Creation, Providence, Redemption 
of Israel, aud Salvation of his People." The 
form in which it is found in most modern 
collections, as in N. Cong., 1859, No. 226, and 
others, eliminates the reference to the "Re- 
demption of Israel," thus reducing tbe hymn 
to 6 st. The. first line sometimes reads ; " Give 
thanks to God, the Sovereign King." [J. J.] 

Give to our God immortal praise. 

I. Watts. [Ps, exxxvi.] This l. m. version 
of Ps. 136 appeared in his Ps. of David in 
1719, iu 8 st of 1 1. In modern coUeetions we 
find it given thus : — 

1. Tlie original In the y. Cottg., No. 32) ; Sturgeon's 
O. O. H. bk.. No. 136, and others ; and In the Rap. 
Ft. <fc trjpmnt, isss-so, No.s, ulthst. v., 1. 1, " luad" 
for " Tbe Jews " of the original. 

3. A cento composed of st. t,, *v., vll. and vlil. Tbla 
w«h given Id Cotterill's &£., 1810-1S, and from tbence 
has pawed into numerous collections, including WindU, 
8. P. C. K. Ft. ■« ifj;*., and Stevenson's Hyt./nr Ch. A 
ffbme, amongst modern hymnals, with slight variations 
in the refrain. This Is the moat popular form of the 
hymn. 

3. A cento combining St. l.-lv. anil vli., viil. This 
appeared in Conyers's Coll., 1167, and amongst later 
hymnals the iesii S. Bk., 1853, the Islington J>>. * 
Kyt., Kembie's New (fatrch If. Bk., and other colleo 
ttons. This form la also in use in America. [See 
Flutters, Snglish, Y xv.] [J. J,] 

Glad sight, the Holy Church. [Holy 
Baptism.] The Syriao original of this hymn 
is sometimes attributed to Ephrem the Syrian 
(d. 378), hut without sufficient authority. It 
is found in the Office for Baptism of the Church 
at Jerusalem. Daniel, iii. 226, in the portion 
devoted to Syriac hymnody — Garmina Ecele- 
tiae Syriacae euroi's'f Lndomeus Splieth — gives 
the Syriac text, and a Latin (r. by Splieth, 
which reads : — 

"Eipande alas tuas sancta Scctesla et sunpliccm 



&LADDEN, WABHUrGTOlT 



afcltuni BUacips, qaem Sptritne Sanctue ex aquls Bap. 
Hsral aenatt. Da boo Baptismo vaticlnstua eat silos 
Zscbsnae; ego Inqnlt, In aqiu* baptlao; at lite qui 
vcnturus wtln Bplritu Stuck). Exercttne caetesttum 



drcumadstat hapUHerio, ut ex aquls ausdplani nllaa 
Deo sunlles. £x equie tItos jIH deiegit Gideon, qui ad 
praettum pmdlrent ; ex aquls Baptlsmslla albl Cnrfstiis 
adaratoree deleglt." 

In 1862 the Bey. F. Pott contributed an 
article on " Hymnology " to the Quarterly Re- 
view (April, 1862), and gave therein a para- 
phrase in metre of the above Latin rendering, 
beginning, "Glad right 1 the holy Church?* 
in 3 st of 4 1, Although previously included 
in his Hymns, sic., 1861, No. 236, in 7 st of 
4 1., this publication brought it into fuller 
notice, and it was soon added, in one form or 
another, to several hymn-books, including the 
Peoples H., 1867 ; the Appendix to H. A. & 31., 
1868 ; the S. P. C. K. Church Hys., 1S71 ; the 
Rf/mnary, 1872; and other collections in G. 
Britain and America. The greatest deviation 
from the original tr. is in the Church Hymns. 
The changes, however, were made with the 
translator's permission. [J. J.} 

Gladden, Washington, [various.] 

Glasftite Hymns. [Bosttish. Hymned?.] 

Gloria- In Bxeelsls. The simple and 

original form of this hymn is contained in the 
song of the angels as given by St. Lake ii. 14, 
" Glory to God in the highest, and on earth 
peace, goodwill toward men," This simple 
form came early into use, and is found in the 
Liturgy of St. James, where it is directed to 
be recited by the Priest when the gifts were 
"scaled." 

2.' From this simple beginning it soon ex- 
pand ud until it assumed the form of an elabo- 
rate hymn. The most complete test as it 
existed in the 6th century, is given at the end 
of the Psalms and Canticles in the Codex 
Altacandrimts in the Brit. Museum, which 
dates from the close of the 5th century. In 
the Facsimile of the Codex Alexandrinus, pub, 
by the authorities of the Brit. Museum, it is 
in vol. iii. folio 969, it This is given in (ksek 
Xymnody, p. 469, i., § x. 4, together with a 
translation into English (q. v.J. 

3. The form given in the Apostolic Consti- 
tutions, vii, 47 (Daniel, ii. p. 268), differs in 
some measure from this by variations and the 
addition of some phrases (see Diet of Christian 
^n£ p. 736). 

4. The Latin form of the text is in an 8th 
century ua. in the Brit. Museum (Reg. 2 A. 
xx.). As given in the Soman Missal it reads : 

"Gloria In excelals Deo. Bt In tern pax homlntbue 
boiua voluntatis. Landaams te. Benedlclmna le. 
Adomnui te. Glortucamue te. GratEaa aglnius 1IW 
propter maaaam gloriam tuam. Domlne Dens, Rex 
cctratls, Dous Pater omnipoteiis. Dumiue Fill unl- 
genlte Jesu Cnrlste. Domlne Deua, Agnus Del, Filtua 
Futile. Qui totlls peocata mandl, miserere nobla. Qui 
tollia peccata mundi, susplec depKcaUooeu nobtram. 
Qui sedea ad dexleram Fatria, miserere nobis. Quontam 
tit Bios sanctua, Ttt solus Domlnui. Tn solus sltiesi- 
mns, Joan Curtate. Cam senoto Stptrftu, In gloria Del 
patrla. ' 



5. The translations into English which are 
in C. U. ore in prose and veree. The prose 
translation most in use is that in the Office 
for Holy Communion in the Book of Common 
Prayer. It is translated from the Latin text 
as above. The translation of the hymn in the 
Office of the Scottish Prayer Book is from 
the Greek text as in the article (hraek Bynuwdy, 



GLORIA W EXCfitSlS 425 

p. 4», L, § x. 4. The principal difference be- 
tween the two is in the second clause. This 
in the Greek is, " Lord the only begotten Sea, 
Jesus Christ, and Holy Spirit." This raids 
in the Scottish Office, "And to Thee, O 
God, the only begotten Son Jesu Christ, 
and to Thee, O God, the Holy Ghost 1 * 
The corresponding passage in the Soman Mis- 
talk " Domine Fill unigenite Jesu Christe," 
ami in the English Prayer Book, "0 Lord 
the only-begotten Son Jesu Christ." The 
concluding clause, in the form given to it 
in the Soman Missal, "Com Soncto Spiritu, 
in gloria Dei Patria," and in the English 
Prayer Book, " with the Holy Ghost srt most 
high in the glory of God the Father," is of 
unknown and, comparatively modem, inter- 
polation (see Daniel, ii. p. 2G7). The trans- 
lations into English verse are all from the 
prose translation in the Book of Common 
Prayer. They include the following : — 

1. All glory 1m to Chid on high and peace on earth 
likewise, OW Tertton. In J. Ptaqford, 1MT. 

2, To Qed no glory, Peace on earth* Given In the 
Sumtttneat to the jv™ Version, 1100, end continued 

1 until tbe N.V. pave way to modem hymn-books. It b 
in several collectiona both In G. Britain and Amerfca. 

8. Let glory be to God on high. Appeared in the 
American Anaorer SWfcott S. Bk., list. No. MT. Ita 
authorship is unknown. 

4. Olerf in tils higheat to God, By Dr. Bonar in 
the Sunday at Rvstt, ISIS, p. K. 

In addition Mr. ChatSeld has rendered the 
Greek text as in the Antho. Oraeca Carmi. 
Cliristi, 1871, into prose in his Songs A Hys. 
of the Earliest Cheek Christian Poets, 1876, 
p. 161, as "Glory to God in the hightst," &c 
See also " Glory be to God," Ac, p. t*7,U. 

[J.JJ 

This hymn has also been rendered into Ger- 
man, and from the German into English as 
follows : — 

Allain Gott in der HSh, lay Bhr, A rendering in 
4 st. of 7 1., by Hicolaus Dedus. 1st ajipeared in 
Low German as " Alleine God jn der hijge sy Bre," 
in the Eoatock 9. B., 1525 [Rostock University 
Library]. Wanlternagel, iii. pp. 565-67, quotes 
it from the Rostock 0, B., 1526, and, in High 
Germany, from V. Schumann's Q. B., Leipzig, 
1539. The well-known melody set to it in 
1539 (H. A. $ M., Ha. 104) is also ascribed to 
Decius, probably partly adapted from the Latin 
plaiusong. Text and melody speedily became 
favourites in Germany ; were nsed on high festi- 
vals, at Holy Communion, &c. ; and to this day 
are everywhere in use. Lanxmanu, in Koch, 
viii. 104*111. relates many edifying incidents 
regarding them. In the Unv. L. S., 1851, No, 
185. The trs. in C. U. through the German are : — 

1. Ta God on high all glory ba. In full, as 
So. 226, in the Appendix of 1743 to the Mora- 
vian H. Bk., 1742, and repeated, altered, in litter 
eds. (1886, No, 191). St. t„ iii., iv. nearly from 
the text of 182S, were included as No. 216 in 
Dr. Fagenatecher's Coll., 1864. 

1. To God an high be thanks and antae, "Who 
deigns, fee. Of it. 1, by W. Ball, as part of his tr. 
of the German book of words of Mendelssohn's 
St. Paul, 1846. Included in the Leeds H. Bk., 
1853, No. 225 ; N. Cong., 1859 [ Border's Cong. 
Hys., 1884 ; and others. 

5. All glory be to God on high. And. A good 
and full tr. signed A. a. in the Dalston Hospital 
B. BA., 1848, No. 39. 

4. All glory be te God « high, Whs. A full 



426 GLORIA LA.TJS ET HONOR 

find good tr., as No, 1, in Miss Wink worth's 
C. B. for England, 1863. Repeated in the Tem- 
ple H. Bk., 1867, and in America in the Penn- 
sylvania Luth. Ch. lih., 1868, Ohio Luth. HyL, 
1880, And tho New York Eeang. HyL, 1680. 

t. To God an high be thank* and praise, Par. In 
full, by R. C. Singleton, as No. 268, in the Angli- 
can II. Bk., 1868 (1871, No, 311). Repeated in 
J. L. Porter's Cull., 1876, and in Stryker& Main's 
Church Pram Bk., New York, 1882. 

6. To God alma en high ba praise, By J. D. 
Burns, in his Remains, 1869, p. 238, This is 
No. 66 in Dale's English H. Bk., 1874. 

T. To God alone this song m raise. In full, by 
T. E. Brown, as No. 45, in the Clifton College H. 
Bk., 1872, 

8. Alone to God on high bo praise, A tr, of at. 
i. as st. i. of No, 95 in ths Swedenborgian Coll., 
1880. 

Tranalatione not in 0. TJ, ;"~- 

(1) " To God the hygbest be glory alwaye," by Rp. 
Coverdale, ISM (Remains, 18*6, p. SSt), (2) "Onlle 
to God on heictt be gloir," in the Ottdt ana Godlit 
Baliata (ed. 1668, folio 38, IMS, p. 41). (3) "To our 
Almighty Maker, God," by /. (7. /oeooi, ilia, p. M 
(USJ, p. 30, reading "gracious God"). (4) ''To God 
alone In the highest heaven," by Mia Fry, 1MB, p. 41. 
(6) » To God on high we'll praises slug," signed " P. J." 
hi the Sunday Mag., 1874, p. 31*. [J, M,] 

Gloria laus et honor. St. Theodulph 
of Orleans. [Palm Sunday."] Tliat this hymn 
was written by St. Tlieodulph seems beyond 
all reasonable doubt. That it was written by 
him while imprisoned in tho cloister, at An- 
gers, about 820 or 821, is highly probable. 
Regarding its origin UlichtoveuB, in his Mu- 
cidatorium, 1516, f. 31b, tolls a pretty story 
to the following effect: — 

On Palm Sunday, SSI, Louis the Pious, King of 
France, was at Angers and took part In tbe usual pro- 
cession of tbe clergy and laity. As the procession 
passed the place where St, Theodulph wae incarcerated 
he Blood at the open window of his cell, and amid the 
silence Df the people, sung this hymn which he had 
newly composed. Tbe king was so much delighted 
with the hymn that he at once ordered St. Theodulph 
to he set at liberty and restored to his see i and ordained 
that henceforth the hymn should always he used in 
processions on Palm Sunday. 

Tbe story is not, however, a contemporary 
one ; and moreover it seems dear that Louis 
tbe Pious was never in Angers after 813. It 
is also almost certain that St. Theodulph was 
never really restored to bis see, but that be 
d. at Angers in 821. 

The ritual use of this hymn was always as a Pro- 
cessional on Palm Sunday. According to the Sarum 
use the first four stanxAS were to be sung before leaving 
the church by seven boys "in loco eminentlori," near 
tbe south door. In the use or Vark the boys of tbe 
choir seem to have gone up to a temporary gallery over 
the door of the churvh and there sang the nret four 
stanzas- After each of the first three stanzas the rest of 
the choir, kneeling below, sang st. t. as a refrain. At 
the end of st. iv, tbe boys began the refrain and the rest 
of the choir, standfng up, sang it along with them. In 
tlie Hereford uss tho procession went to tho gates of the 
town. These being shut seven boys of the choir went 
to the summit and there sang tbe hymn. In the uses of 
Tours and Hoiten It was also sung at the gate of tbe 
city. According to the modern ftanutn use it Is sung 
when the procession returns to tbe church ; two or four 
singers entering tho cburcb.and when the door has been 
closed, facing It and singing the hymn while the rest 
outside repeat tbe chorus. 

The hymn is founded on Ps. xxiv. 7-10; 
Pa. exviii, 25, 26 ; St. Matt xxi. 1-17 ; and 
ISt. Luke xix. 37, 88. £. L. Diiminlor, in his 
Poalae latini aevi Catolini, Berlin, 1877 ft, 
vol. i. p. 558, gives the full text in 78 lines. 
In the liturgical books It. 1-36 only are given 



GLORIA LAUS ET HONOR 

(so in tbe Paris MS, 18557, of the 10th 
cent, cited by Dilmmler; and in the British 
Museum its. Add. 19768, f. 36 6, of the 11th 
cent) ; while in the Graduate and Missals 
the almost universal nso was to give only 11. 
1-12. This is the form in a St. Gall us. 
(No. 899) of tbe 9th cent, cited by DUmmler, 
and it is the form it English C. IF. as in If. 
A. & M. The text is also fonnd in an 11th 
cent. mb. in the British Museum (Harl. 4951, 
f. 196 6); in two 11th cent. »S9. in the 
Bodleian (Litnrg. Misc. 320, f. 18 b. ; Litarg. 
Misc. 366, f. 18) ; iu Daniel, i. No. 186, with 
notes at iv. p. 153; in Battler, No. 69; in 
Dr. J. Kayser'a Beitrage zur Getehichte tind 
Erhlarung der alien KircUenhymnen, voL ii., 
1886, pp. 313-322, &e. [J. M.] 

Translations in C. U, : — 

1. Glory and prajae to Thee, B*4**saer blast, By 
E, Caswall- 1st pub. iu his Lyra Catholica, 
1849, p. 232, iu 5 st., with the repetition of the 
first two lines of the hymn as a refrain. It was 
also repeated in his ifys. $ items, 1873, p. 121. 
It is found in several collections, including Ken- 
nedy, 1863, where it is altered and begins, " All 
glory be to Thee, Redeemer blest." The English 
Hymnal, 1852 teat, is also considerably altered, 
although the first line is retained. 

8, Xing and Bedaemor 1 to Thee ba the glair. 
By Q. Rorison. 1st pub. in his Hys. $ Anthems, 
1851. 

9, Glory, and honour, and laud he to Thee, King 
Christ the Sedeemer, By J. M, Neale. Appeared 
in his Mediaeval Hys., 1851, p. 22. 

4. Glory, and laud, and honour, By J. M. Neale, 
This is a second tr. by Dr. Ne.iln, made for and 
pub. in the II. Noted, 1854, in 8 st, of 4 1., but 
supplied a little earlier to the Salivary H, Bk,, 
1657, in a slightly different form. In this form 
it is in a few collections, but as : — 

6. All glory, land, and honour, as altered by the 
compilers of H, A. # M. for their trial copy, 
1859, No. 59, in 6 St. of 4 1., it is most widely 
known in all English-speaking countries. Dr. 
Neale approved of this arrangement, especially 
of the opening line, and adds in his note {Med. 
Hyi.):— 

u Another terse was usually sung, till tho 11th 
century j at the pious quaintness of which we can 
scarcely avoid a Sulla : — 

' Be Thon, O Lord, the Rider, 
And we the Little ase ; 
That to God's holy city 
Together we may pass.' " 

6. Glory, land, and honour be, Our Kedeemei 
Christ to Thse. By W. J. Biew, in The Church 
Hy. $ Tune Bk., 1852-5, in 7 et, of 4 }., and in 
Rice's Sel. therefrom, 1870, No. 46. In the 
Scottish Episco. Coll, of Hys., &c, 1858, it was 
given in 4 st. as, *' Glory, pmise, and honour be." 

7. To The* be glory, honour, praise. Appeared 
in the Irringite Hys. for the Use of the Churches, 
1864, No. 35, as a "Tr. by C„ 1861." It is re- 
peated in the ed. of 1871, and in the American 
Dutch Reformed Hys. of the CAurch, N. Y., 1869. 

B. Glory, praise, and honour be, Jesus, Lord, &o. 
Given anonymously in Dale's English II. Bk., 
1874, No. 'JLbb, in 4 st. of 4 1. It is a para- 
phrase, end not a tr, of the original. 

Anolber tail:— 

Glory, praise, and honour be, Christ, Redeemer, ic 
J. tr. Hewett. ISM, [J. J.] 



GLORIA PATRI 

Gloria PatrL [Sexologies.] 

Gloriosi Balvatoria. [Holy Name of 
Jestu.l This anonymous hymn, possibly of 
the 15th cent., is given from the Meissen Bre- 
viary, oil. 1510, in Daniel, i. No. 449, in 6 at of 
8 doable lines, and headed, "In festo S. Ko- 
minis Jesu." Dr. Nettle's text, in 7 at. of 6 1., 
is given in his Hymni Ecclesiae, 1851, p. 165, 
from the JW^e -Brewara. In his Jfediaenal 
Hymm, 1851, he claims tor his (r. that it was 
the first rendering into English, and says con- 
cerning the original, ** A German hymn on the 
Festival of the Holy Name of Jesus." All 
that can be said of its date in, that it is clearly 
posterior to the Pange Lingua of St, Thomas, 
which it imitates," [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C, U. : — 

1. To the Mame that brlnga eatvathm. BjJ.M. 
Nealu. Appeared in his Mediaeval Hys., 1st ed, 
1851, p. 142, in 6 st, of 6 1., and again in Inter 
editions. It is included, sometimes abbreviated, 
in the Scottish Epis. H. Bk., 1858 ; the Parish 
H. Bk., 1863-75; the People's H., 1867; the 
Hynmary, 1872, and others. In the American 
Hys, $ Sengs of Praise, New York, 1874, it is 
abridged to 4 strand begins, " Jesus is the Name 
we treasure." Another arrangement, beginning, 
"Name of Jesus, Name of pleasure," is in the 
Hys. for tie Chapel of Harrow School, 1 857. 

s. To tiie Vamo of our salvation* This t*\, 
which was given in H. A. $ M,, 1861, is based 
upon the above tr. by Dr. Xeaie; but is so altered 
that only 10 lines of the 36 contained in the 
hymn remain unchanged. It was repeated in 
Kennedy, 1863 ; the S. P. C. K. Appendix, 18(59 ; 
the Irish Ch, tfyl., 1873 ; and others. In the 
Saritm, 1868, the H, A. 4" M. text is somewhat 
altered. The H, Camp, gives Dr. Neale's tr. with 
variations from several hymn-books. 

S. Sain* «f our triumphant Saviour. By E. C. 
Singleton, written in 1867, and pub. in his An- 
glican H. Bk., 1868. 

4. To the Same that ipe&ki salvation. By J, 
EHerton, made for and 1st pub, in the S. P. C. K. 
Ckvre't Hys., 1871. [J. JJ 

Another tr. ia : — 

The glories ofthe Saviour's Name. D, T.Morgan. IBM, 

Glorious in Thy saints appear. 
[Holiness desired.'] A cento in 2 st. of 4 1. 
which appeared in Hedge & Huntington's 
Unitarian Hys. for the Ch. of Christ, Br'ston, 
U.S., 1853, No. 64; H. W. Beeeher'a P%nw)iiffc 
Coif., 1855, No. 95, &c It ia from an anony- 
mous hytnn beginning " Abba Father, God of 
love," in 6 stof41. in Hys. for Pub. Worship 
on the GeTteral Principles of Natural and lie-, 
vealed Religion, Salisbury, 1778, nnd com- 
mences with et iii. This collection is known 
to the American Unitarian collections aa the 
Salisbury Colt. [W. T. I).] 

Glorious things of Thee are spoken. 

J, Newton. [Cftttrefe of ChrUt] 1st pub. in 
the (Hney Hymns, 1779, Bk. i., No. 60, in 5 st. 
of 8 1., and entitled, " Zion, or the City of 
God," Ia. xxxiii. 20, 21. It has attained to 
great popularity in all English-speaking coun- 
tries, ami ranks with the first hymns in the 
language. It is used, however, in various 
forms aa follows : — 

1. Orlg, text in Snepp's Smgs of G. A O. FeopUtt K. 

2. Acentocotnpoaedofst,l.,lL.andv, Tliis appeared 



GLORY BE TO GOD 



427 



in Cotterill's Sdection, 1819, from whence it has passed 
into a great number of collections. It ts by far tlio 
most popular arrangement of the hymn ta use, and may 
be found In fifty or more hymnals, as in S. Ot/np., 
No. 344, aud sometimes with CotteriU** slight altera- 
tions, as in the Kef. F. Pott's Hymns, &c., 1SS1-ST. 

3. A cento composed of at. 1., iiL and v., given fn 
S. V, C. K, Stynutt, 18M, hut not popular. 

4. A cento, st. 1., 11. and doxaiogy in four lines, not 
by Newton, in the Cooke and Bent™ Hymnal, I8S3, 

5. A. cento, In 4 et. of i I., beginning, " Glorious 
tbiugeof old were spoken," la given In laaac G. Smltii'i 
H. Bk., 18BS-SI. It is thus composed! st. i., Newton 
altered; ii., I. Q. Smith ; iii., Newton ; iv., dox. from 
Ctooke it Benton. This la the least successful of any 
arrangement. 

a. The whole hymn revised by J. Kehle for the Salii* 
bury X, Bk., 1867, and Included therein, as No. 130, 
with the four-line doxology from Denton, Thla, with 
alight returns to the original In two places (st. i., v.), 
and the omission of the doxology, was repeated in the 
&»vm Hymnat (broken Into two parts, pt. 11. beginning 
" Blessed city, holy nation), IseSjandatentothererrom 
again altered, in 6 st. of 4 1. in T. Darling's Hymra, Ac., 
ed. 188?. Another cento, also with alterations, Is given 
in the Jffynnary. from which it passed into the JVno 
Mitre Hymnal, ISIS. 

1, Cento of st. 1., ii., iv., v., unaltered as in the J*. 
of Praise Hymnal, Thrum's CoH., andotheis. 

S, In the S. P. C. K. Church Hymm, »t. t.-lv. with 
aught alterations in st. t., ii., and iii. 

In the American collections the same diver' 
sity of use prevails as in G. Britain. Sometimes 
the hymn is broken into two ports, with pt. ii. 
beginning, "Blest inhabitants of Zion." In 
addition otlier arrangements of minor impor- 
tance arc given in collections of less importance; 
but in most cases the original text is maintained. 
Stanzas i,, it, v., have beeu rendered into Latin 
by the Bev. B. Bingham, and included in his 
Hymno. Christ. Latina, 1871, "Dicta tie to 
sunt miranda." [J. J.] 

Glory and thanks to God we give. 
C.Wesley. [Thanksgiving.'] The circumstances 
which gave rise to this hymn are related in C. 
Wesley's Journal. On his third visit to Leeds 
he met the Society on March 14, 1744, 
" in an old upper room, which was densely packed, and 
crowds could not gain admission. He removed nearer 
the door that those without might hear, and drew the 
people towards him. Instantly the rafters broke off 
short, close to the main beam, the floor sank, and more 
than one hundred people fell, amid dust and ruins, 
into the room below." Several were severely Injured, 
but none were killed. C. Wesley himself escaped with 
slight Injuries, "lllfted up my head," he said, "and 
saw the people under me, heaps upon heaps. I cried 
out, ■ Fear not, the jjOrd la with us t our lives are alt 
safe/ and then gave out, * Praise God from Whom all 
blessings flow ' " (Stevenson's Methodist If. Bk. jVufetr, 
18*3, p. 88 ; and C. Wesley's Journal). 

The hymn, in 12 st of i 1., was given in 
Hys. <£ Sue. Poems, 1749, vol. ii., No, 174, and 
headed, " After a deliverance from death by tiio 
fall of an house." In J. Wesley's corrected 
copy of the Hys. & Sac. Poems, he has changed 
" house " to horse, but Dr. Osboru (P. Worht, 
1868-72, vol. v. p. S81), adds that "on the 
whede, the reading of the first and second edi- 
tions [house] seems preferable." Ill its original 
form it was unsuited for congregational use. 
In 1780, et. vi.-ii., xi., xii., were given in the 
Wet. II. Bk., No. 56, as one of the hymns 
" Describing Judgment ™ r "The great arch- 
angel's trump shall tound." It has passed into 
several collections in G. Britain and America. 
It forms a striking hymn for " Advent," and 
displays great power in word painting. [J. J,] 

Glory be to God on high, God 
Whose glory fllls the sky. C. Wesley. 
[Holy Trinity.} This is a paraphrase of the 
Gloria in Exceltis of the Book of Common 



428 



GLORY Bfi TO GOD 



Prayer. The paraphrase ia in J. A 0. Wesley's 
Hy».& Sac. Poems, 1739, p, 128. In 1781 it was 
republished by J. Wesley in his Cott. of 132 
BeUet Hymns with Tunes Anitext, but was not 
added to the Wes. H. Bk. till Bometime after 
his death, and probably in 1800-1, although it 
had long been in nee in the collections of 
Whitefield, Madan, Toplady, and others. In 
1820 Cotterill included an altered and abridged 
version of the text in hia Selection. In this, 
st. i-iii. are altered slightly, st. iv. greatly, and 
st. t. is new. This version, again altered, and 
abridged, is found in the S. P. C. K. Ps. tfc Hys., 
and other collections. (Grig, text, P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. i. j>. 115.) Another hymn, begin- 
ning with the first stanza of this hymn, with 
the repetition of lines 1, 2, as a refrain, and the 
addition of 4 stanzas with the same refrain to 
each, was given in Beard's Manchester Uni- 
tarian Coll., 1837, and repeated without the 
refrain in Hedge £ Huntington's Hys. for the 
Oh. of Christ, Beaton, U. S. A., 1853, No. 12, 
and also in other American collections. The 
additions to C. Wesley's opening stanza were 
by John Taylor of Norwich. [J. J.] 

Glory be to God on high ! Peace on 
earth, &o. J. 8. 3. MonteU. [Christmas.'] 
Appeared in his Hys. of Love and Praise, 
1863, p. 23, as the second hymn for Christmas, 
in 4 st. of 8 11., and repeated in his Pariah Hijl., 
1873, No. 74. It is also given in Porter's 
Churchman'* Hyl., 187G, and others. In 
Bnepp's Songs of G. & O., 1872, it begins with 
st. ii., " We were lost, but we are found." 

[J. J.] 

Glory be to God the Father. H. 
Bonar. [Praise.] Pub. in his Hys. of Faith 
and Hope, 3rd series, I860, in 4 st. of 6 1., and 
entitled "Praise," It is included in several 
collections in G. Britain and America, in its 
original form. In the Suppt. to the N. Cong., 
1871, and that to the Bap. Pi. <fc By*.. 1880, 
the stanzas ore transposed, it., iv., iii., i., and 
the hyrnu begins, "Glory be to Him Who 
loved us." The last stanza is sometimes used 
as a doxology distinct from the hymn itself. 

[J. J.] 

Glory to God, and praise and love. 
C. Wesley. [iVrti'ee for Salvation.] Written 
by C. Wesley on the first anniversary of the 
great spiritual change which he underwent on 
Sunday, May 21, 1738, details of which ore 
given under that date in his Journal. In 
1740 it was included in ifjrs. and Sac. Paema, 
in 18 st. of 4 1., and headed, " For the Anni- 
versary Day of one's Conversion." (P. Work*, 
1808-72, vol. i. p. 299.) One of the first to 
make use of the hymn for congregational pur- 
poses was B. Conyers, who gave a cento there- 
from in his Ps. & Hys., 1767, beginning, "O 
for a thousand tongues to sing," and consisting 
of st. vii., iz.-xii. This was followed by other 
centos (all beginning with the same stanza), in 
the collections of lte Covrcy, 1775 ; Toplady, 
1776; and many others. The most widely 
known cento is that by J. Wesley, in the We*. 
H. 3k., 1780, No. 1, in 10 st., "O for a 
thousand tongues to sing," This is not only 
the opening hymn of the Wet. H. Bk., but also 
of most collections of the Methodist bodies in 
all English-speaking countries. To this cause 
much of its popularity may be traced. Steven- 
son's annotations thereon in his Methodist S. 



GLORY TO GOD ON HIGH 

Bk. Notes, 1883, are of more than usual interest 
Another cento, " Look unto Christ, ye nations ; 
own," is in the American Meth, Episco. Hymns, 
1849. 

The opening line of the cento, "O for a 
thousand tongues to sing," is supposed to have 
had its origin in an expression of Peter Buhler, 
the Moravian, who, when consulted by C. 
Wesley about praising Christ, replied, "Had 
I a thousand tongues, I would praise Him with 
them all." The well-known line, " He breaks 
the power of cancelled sin," has given offence 
to a few, from the Taylor and Jones Ps.&Hys., 
Land., 1777, where it read, "He breaks the 
power of death and sin," to the American 
Manual of Praise, Oberlin, Ohio, 1880, where 
it reads, " He breaks the power of reigning sin." 
These changes, however, are limited in their 
use, the original text being usually retained. 

[J. J.] 
Glory to God on high, Let praises 
fill, See. James Alien. [Praise to Jesu».~\ 
In the Appendix to the Kendal Hymn Book, 
pub. with the 2nd ed., in 1761, and of which 
Allen was the principal editor, this hymn 
appeared as follows : — 

" Worthy the Latud," 
" Glory to God on high, 
Let praises till the sky 1 
Praise ye His name. 
Angela Ills name adore, 
Who all our sorrows lure, 
And stints cry evermore, 
' Worthy tbe Lainb ! ' 
" All they around the throne 
Cheerfully Join In one. 
Praising His name. 
We who nave felt His blood. 
Sealing our peace with Ood, 
Spread His dear name abroad-. 
' Worthy the Lamb ] ' 
"To Him oar hearts we raise — 
None else shall have our praise; 

Praise ye His name. 
Him our exalted Lord, 
By us below adored, 
We praise with one accord— 

* Worthy the Lamb i * 
"Bm should hold our peace, 

Stones would cry out apace ; 

Praise ye Hie name ] 
Love does out souls inspire 
With heavenly, pure desire, 
And sets us all on Are — 

• Worthy the Lamb I ' 
■' Join all the human race. 

Our Lord and God to bless ; 

Praise ye His name I 
In Him we will rejoice. 
Waking a cheerful noise. 
Ami say with heart and voice, 

* Worthy the Lamb ! ' 

" Though we must change oar place, 
Out souls shall never cease 

Praising Hia name ; 
To Him we'll tribute bring, 
Laud Him, our gracious IQng, 
And without ceasing slog, 
•Worthy the Lamb.*" 
The use of this hymn in various forms is 
very extensive in G. Britain and America. The 
forms of the text which are most popular, are : 

1. The original In an abbreviated form, and sometimes 
with slight verbal alterations as in Dr, Hatfield's Church 
H. Bit., N. Y. 1SJ2, No. 2BI. 

2. An altered form which appeared in TopladVa Ps, 
<tjlyi., 1119, No. 188, as:— 

" Glory to God on high I 
Let awb'ti and earth reply, 
' Praise ye bis name i ' 
Angela his tow adore. 
Who all our sorrows bore ; 
And saints cry evermore, 

• Worthy the Lamb ! ' " 



GLORY TO GOD, THE 

Tbli text, In 4 at., iu reputed in Binder's Cott. 
1IH4, Mo. US; In Widtomi * Jtodat, isdi, where it is 
attributed to Burner 1 ! CM. j in the But. Pi. & Mas., 
1«**-W, and many others. 

3. Another version vnt given In Bipnou'e .Kg., 1ISJ, 
No. 387, In 9 at., beginning :— 

"Glory to Ood on high! 
Let earth and thief reply, 

Praise ye his name : 
Sit tooe andgraa ndvn, 
Who all our Borrow* bore ; 
Bing aloud evermore, 
Worthy the Lamb." 
Thia version of the hymn la given in several modem 
orflectlona, either abbreviated, or in foU, as in KembUrt 
Xtw C1Um* H. Bk., 1873, the Jftw Omg„ 1B6S, Ac 

4. In tbe Oxford ed. of Mercer'e Ch. Plotter A H. Bk., 
18*4, two hymns {Hoe. GS1-568) are given beginning 
respectively ae s— 

" Glory to God on high 1 
Let earth to heaven reply 

Worthy tbe Lamb i 
Let mortal tongue awake," ftc 
and 

."Begin the glorious lay. 
The Lord la risen to-day \ 
Worthy the Luttb, 1 ' *e. 
These hymns arc based upon J. Allen's ; tbe first Is 



probably by Afercer, aiWi the second la by E. Jackson 
6. In the Cooke h Denton C9w*rA Bj/mml, 1S53, No. 



Be, it opens : — 

" Jesu, oar risen King, 
Glory to Tbee we sing, 

Prilling Thy Name : 
Thy love and grace adore. 
Which all oar sorrows bore, 
Crying for evermore, 
Worthy the Lamb." 
This la also based on Allen, and was repeated in 
.Kennedy, 18*3, in Tnring'e Celt., 1632, as " Jeans, " &c,, 
and in others. 

Other arrangements are found in modem 
hymn-books, but oil are based on the altered 
texts of Toplady sard Eippon. The original 
U ascribed bo James Allen on the authority of 
his private and marked copy of the Kendal H. 
Bk., in the possession of Mi. 0. D. Hardcastle, 
sometime of Keigliley, Yorkshire. In that 
copy his initials " J. A." are added in his own 
handwriting [s. use.]. [J. J.] 

Glory to God, the angel said. [Christ- 
mat.] Appeared anonymously in the 7th ed. 
of the Silver Street Sunday Scholar^ Com- 
panion, 1821, No. G, in 5 st of 4 1. It was 
reprinted (without signature) in Miss D. A. 
Thrupp's By*, for the Young, B.T. S., 4th ed„ 
1836, and on this ground it has been ascribed 
to her. Positive evidence that it was written 
by Hiss Thrnpp is wantipg. It is in several 
modem collections for the young, including 
the Church 8. S. H. Bk., 1868. [W. T. B,] 

Qlory to God the Father be. J. Mason. 
{Praise for Joy in the Holy Ghost] This cento 
as given iu the Songs far ike Sanctuary, N. Y., 
1865, No. 396, is compiled from J. Mason's 
Spiritual Songe ; or, Songs of Praise, &a., 1683, 
and is thus composed : — St L and v. from Song 
iv., st vi. St li.-iv. from Song xxiv., st. i ii. 
Although comparatively unknown, it is an 
effect' e " Song of Praise." [J. J.] 

Glory to Gotl/Whose sovereign grace. 
C. Wesley. [Thanksgiving for success in Special 
Work,] Appeared in Hm. & Sae. Poena, 1710, 
p. 140, in 8 st of 4 1., and Bp. Ken's Doxology ; 
and again in Select Hys, with Timet Annext, 
1761. It was written as a "Thanksgiving 
Hymn " for the conversion' of numbers of the 
KingBWOod colliers, and the consequent reno- 
vation of the whole neighliourhood. It was 



GMBLIN, SIGMUND 0. 429 

included in the Wee. H. Bk., 1780, No. 195 (P. 
Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 287). Its use is not 
extensive outside the Methodist collections. 

Glory to tbe Father give. J. Mont- 
gomery. {Children praising God.) Written 
for the Sheffield Sunday School Union, 1825, 
and first printed as a broad-sheet In the 
same year it was published in his Christian 
Psahnut, No. 544, and again in his Original 
Hymns, 1853, No. 334. It was included in 
Bickersteth's Christ. Psalmody, 1833, and since 
then also in several collections in G. Britain 
and America. [J. J.] 

Glory to the glorious One, Ephrem 
the Syrian. [Sunday.'] This hvmn appeared in 
Dr. Sonar's Hys. of Faith & Hope, 2nd series, 
1861, in 11 st of 6 1., where it is given as a 
"Sabbath Hymn," imitated from Bphrem 
(the Syrian). In an altered and abbreviated 
form of 7 st of 6 1„ this rendering was given 
in the Hymnary, 1872, No. 18. A blank verso 
tr. of the original was also pub. by Dr. Burgess 
in his Select Metrical Hys. <6 Homilies of Eph- 
raem Syrus, &c, 1853, p. 83. The original is 
in the Parxnetiea for, " Exhortations to Peni- 
tence ") of Ephrem, xlL torn. vL p. 499. 

[J. J.] 

Glory to Thee ! O Lord, Who from 
this world of Bin. Emma Take. [Holy 
Innocents.') Written in 1861, and contributed 
anonymously to the S. P. C. K. Hys. for Public 
Worslitp, 1852, No. 119, in 6 st. of 4 1. Its 
use in Q. Britain is extensive, but in America, 
somewhat limited. Usually the text is given 
in full and unaltered, if. A. & M. is an excep- 
tion in favour of 5 st, and fto American ProU 
Ep. Cltwrch Hymnal, 1872, of 4 st A doxo- 
logy is sometimes added, as in tbe Salisbury 
H. Bk., 1857; Chope's Hymnal, 1864. An 
altered version beginning, " All praise to Thee, 
O Lard," was given iu the Hymnary, 1870-2, 
but it has failed to gain any position. A second 
altered form as, "Wo give Thee praise, O 
Lord," appeared in T. Darling's Hymns, various 
editions, but this also is a failure. [J. J.] 

Glory to Thee, Whoee powerful 
word. C.Wesley, [for use at sea.] Appeared 
in Hys A Sac Poems, 1740, in 6 st of 4 1. and 
headed, "In a Storm" (J 1 . Works, 1868-72, 
vol. i. p. 231). It is found in several American 
collections, both old and new, but its use in 
O. Britain is limited almost exclusively to 
■Sferoer, where it is given as " All praise to 
Thee, Whose powerful word." [J. J.] 

Gmelin, Sigmund Christian, was b. 

March 15, 1679, at Pfullingen in Wurttemborg. 
After studying at the University of Tubingen, 
where he graduated in 1697 and became 
lecturer in 1700, he was in 1705 appointed 
assistant pastor at Herrenberg. There he 
associated himself with the Separatists : de- 
nounced tl*e Church as worldly and as requiring 
a mere outward profession ; objected to infant 
baptism, and departed from the views of the 
Church on the intermediate state, on the 
millennial reign, and on the reconciliation of 
all things. For these teachings he was de- 
posed in 1706. After living for a time at Dor- 
tenbaob, near Calw, he retired to Wittgenstein, 
and finally to Schwarzenau, near Berleberg. 
Be d. Oct 12, 1707, probably at Schwarzenau 



430 GO FORWARD, CHRISTIAN 

(Koch, v. 5; AUq. Deutsche Btog., ix. 271). 
The only hymn by him tr. into English is i— - 

Aeh treft am meiner Heel'. [ Wufchfultiess,] 
Included as No, 21 in the Anmuthiyer Biwnen 
Ki-antz, 1712, in St st. of (5 lines, and repeated 
ns No. 231 in the Herrnhut G. B., 17S5, omit- 
ting st. xx. In full ns No. 1101 in Schober's 
Liedersegcn, 1769. The only tr. in C. U. is: — 

Than who all things cunt (antral, a r>. in 
L. M. of st. i.-vi., liy'J. Wesley, in if. and flijc. 
Pootw, 1735 (P. Works, 18G8-72, vol. i. [), 12). 
It was not included in the Wes. 11. if*.| 1780; 
but was given, as No. 130, in Wesley's Pocket 
11. Bk., 1785. In England St. t., ii. were in- 
cluded as No. 323 in Ps. # H\js., 1854 ([Colonial 
Ch. & S. Society), nnd st. L, ii., v., vi., ns No. 
467, in Marlineau's If. of Praise $ Prayer, 1873. 
In America st. i., ii, f iv. ( v., were included, as 
No. 146, in the Christian Lyre, 1830, and re- 
peated in the Methodist Episcopal South Colt., 
1847; the Unitarian Booh of Hymns, 1846; and 
Boardmnn's Coll., 1861. Stnmas i,-v. were also 
included in the Meth, Epis. Coll., 1849, and the 
Evang. Association //. Bk., 1882 : st. i., ii. in the 
American Unitarian //. Bk., 1869: and st. i., 
ii., vi., with a st. from iii., 11. 3, 4, nnd v. 11. 3, 
4, in the l'ennsylrnnia Lnth. Ch. Bk., 1868. 

[J. M.] 

Go forward, Christian soldier. L. 
TuttieU. [Confirmation.] Istpnb.inhisCoun- 
sels of a Godfather, 18411, in 8 at. of 4 1., and 
baaed upon Exod. xiv. 15. In 1867 it was in- 
cluded in the Appendix to Morrell & How's 
Pa. & Hys., nnd from that date it has gradually 
increased in popularity until it has becoino iu 
O. Britain and in America the most widely 
used of the author's hymns. Orig. text in the 
B. P. C. K. Church Hymns, 1871. [J. J.] 

Go forward In your course. K. Atford. 
[SL Stephen.'] Written in 1885, and 1st pub. 
in hi* Hys. for the Sundays and Festivals 
throughout the Tear, 183G, in 7 at. -of 4 1. (sec 
his Life). In 1814 it was iuclnded in his i's. 
& Hys., and in 18G7, in hU Year of Praise. 
In its full, or in an abbreviated form, it is 
given in numerous hymnals in G. Britain, 
New Zealand, and America! [J, J.] 

Go, labour on, spend and be spent. 
B. Bonar. [Missions.] "Written in 1843, 
and printed at Kelso in a small booklet of 
three or four hymus." In I84Sitwasincluded 
in Dr. Bonor's Songs for the Wilderness, m 8 st 
of 4 1., and entitled " Labour for Christ." In 
1857 it was repeated in his Hys, of Faith & 
Hope, 1st series, in 8 st. of 41., and entitled 
"The Useful Life," with the motto "VuyiS 
pou , , . fisv , . . 'AcdoTa, t( naDtiStir," from 
Daniel, iii. p. 128. Previous to this, however, 
it had been brought into C. U. through the 
Leeds H. Bk., 1858, No. 604. In the Suppl. 
to the New Cong., 1869, No. 1157, it is divided 
into two parts, Pt. ii. being st. v.-viii,, "Go, 
labour on while it is dny." This arrangement 
is also found in other collections, sometimes 
as, " Go, labour on while yet His day." This 
second part is in somewhat extensive use in 
America as a separate hymn. In the American 
Sabbath H. Bk., 1858, Ho. 879, st Iv., vi.-viii. 
are given as, "Go, labour on ; your hands are 
weak " ; and, in Holy Bong, 1889, No. 535, st. i., 
ii., vii., and viii., very much altered, as, " Go 



GO TO DARK GJETHSEMANE 

fortii to toil; to spend, bo spent." This last 
arrangement is too wretched lo bo associated 
with Dr. Bonar's name. [J. J.] 

Go, messenger of peace and love. A, 
Balfour. [Departure of a Missionary.] This 
hymn appeared in tho Bapt. N<ra> Selection, 
1828, No. 361, in 10 st, of 4 1., with tho signa- 
ture of "Balfour." In the revised and en- 
larged od., 1838, it retained the same signature, 
but in the Bapt. Ps. & Hys., revised eil., 1871 
and 1880, it was reduced to 6 st and the signa- 
ture wag expanded into " Alexander Balfour, 
1828." Beyond this no definite information 
has been obtained. Its use is limited. [J. J/J 

Go not far from me, O my [God] 
Strength. Anna L. Waring. [Resignation.] 
Appeared iu her Hys. & Meditations, 4th ed., 
1854, in 14 st. of 6 L, and based upon Ps. xUi. 
7, 8 (10th ed. 1871, No. 26). Various centos, 
mostly beginning with st. i., are in C. U. in G. 
Britain and America. The opening line in 
Martineau's Hys. of Praise and Prayer, 1873, 
is, "Go not far from me, O my God." In 
Kennedy, 1863, No. 294, the cento begins with 
st vii., " How blessed are the eyes that sec." 

[J. J.] 
Go to dark Gethsemane. /. Mont- 
gomery. [Fassiontide.] Of this popular hymn 
there are two texts, differing widely from each 
other, and both by Montgomery. The first 
appeared iu Cotterill's Selection, 1820, and 
subsequent editions. It reads thus : — 
[" T&6 last tujferittgs of Christ. 
1. "(jo to dork Gethsemane, 

Ye that feel the tempter's power; 
Your Redeemer's conflict see ; 

Watch with Him one bitter hour t 
Turn not from His griefs away; 
Learn from Him to natch and pray. 

a, " See Him at the Judgment-ball, 

Beaten, bound, reviled, atralgn'd j 

See Him meekly bearing all! 
Ijove to man His soul suatain'd I 

Shun not suffering, aiuuoe or loss ; 

Learn of Christ to bear the erase. 

3. "Calvaiy's mournful mountain view; 

There tbe Lord of (jlory see. 
Made a sacrifice for you, 

Dying on tbe accursed tree ; 
' It fa flnlsb'd,' beat Him cry : 
Trust Id Christ, and learn to die. 

4. *' Early to the tomb repair, 

Where tbey laid hi* breathless clay ; 
Angela kept their vigils there ? 

Who bath taken Him away } 
* Christ Is risen ! ' He aeeks the sklee ; 
Saviour ! teach us so to rise." 

In. 1825, Montgomery included this hymn in 
its second and revised form in liis dtrhlian 
Psalmist, No. 491, as follows : — 

" Chritt our cxomjpfo in sufferiitg. 

1. •' Go to dark Getlaemane, 

Ye that feel tbe tempter's power 
Your Redeemer's conflict see. 
Watch with Him one Utter hour ; 
Turn not from bis grieui away, 
Learn qf Jesus Chritt to pray. 

2. " Jbilow to the Judgment-ball, 

View the Lord of life attaign'd ; 
O the toom-uwoa and the ffall .' 
O the pangs his soul sustained ! 
fsbun not suflering, shame, or loss, 
Learn of 27&h to bear tbe cross. 

3. "Calvary'smournlulmountalnoTim*; 

There adoring o( hit fist, 
Marie thai miracle «/ Time, 
~-Gad't ova jocr^icc co»pIete : 
' It is flnlsh'd ' ;— bear their try ; 
lAarn of Jetne Chritt to die. 



GO TO THE GRAVE IN 

4. " Kerly hatten In the tomb, 

Where they laid his breathless clay ; 
All it nlwulfl and crEpom, 
— Who heth taken Him away ? 
Christ is risen j— He ntett mr cpei ,' 
Saviour, te&ch iu k> to rise*" 
[In Montgomery's marked copy of the lsted., et. 111,. 

I. 6, reeds " bar tbetr cry." In the margin be Altered 
It in hb. to " heir Ifaa. cry : " and tills reading was given 
In liter editions. In bis Original Bynmt, 1SS 3, It reads, 
" hear lie tty."i 

From the year 1825 the original and this re- 
vised text have passed on, side by aide, unto 
the present date, one editor copying from Cot- 
term's Selection, and another from Mont- 
gomery's Chrittian PealmUt, until, of the 
hymnali now in C. U., of those which have 
adopted the hymn, about one-third have the 
original text of 1820, and, with a few excep- 
tions, yet to be noted, the remaining two-thirds 
have the text of 1825. Amongst those adopt- 
ing the original text are many of the Public 
School collections, as Rugby, Harrow, Marl- 
borough, &o., and also Mercer, Kennedy, Pott, 
The Anglican H. Bk., Barry, Church Hyt.,i,c, 
sometimes with abbreviations and very slight 
alterations. Those following the revised form 
of 1825, include H. A. A M., Hy. Comp., 
Turing's GoU., Snepp, Mford, 8. P. CKPi.it 
fly*,, and others, and also most of the collec- 
tions of the Nonconformists. In America, 
where it is in extensive use, the text usually 
adopted is that of 1825. In many cases it 
must be noted that st. iv., "Early hasten to 
the tomb," is omitted. Another form in three 
stanzas was given in Hall's Mitre Hymn-book, 
1836. This is repeated in the New Mitre 
Hymnal, 1875, but is seldom if ever found 
elsewhere. 

It will be seen from the foregoing that Mr. 
Ellerton's somewhat elaborate note in the S. P. 
C. K. CSburcA Hymnt, folio ed. p. lxvi., is based 
on an error, in concluding that the text in 
Church Hy*. was altered by an unknown hand 
from Montgomery's Chrittian Ptalmist, 1825, 
whereas it is Montgomery's text of 1820, with 
two very slight alterations only. Orig. text 
as above ; author's revised and authorized text 
in his Original Hymai, 1853. [J. J,] 

Go to the grave in all thy glorious 
raids [primal J- Montgomery, [B«,HaV\ 
Written in February, 1823, on the death of 
the Rev. John Owen, for some Tears a Secre- 
tary of the British and Foreign Bible Society, 
whio died at the close of 1822. In the issue of 
the Sheffield IrU for Dec. 21, 1824, it is given 
with the following note : — 

" These lines were written nearly two veers ego, at 
the request of a friend, end were not then designed for 
general circulation. This month, however, they have 
appeared in * popular periodical work by conaent of the 
author. The dicumsUnce ieonly mentioned to account 
for tbetr lite end perhaps unsuitable publication here." 

The "popular periodical work" in which it 
appeared was the Chrietian Observer, Dee., 
1821. In 1825 Montgomery included it, with 
the alteration of " glorious ipridc " to " glorious 
prime," in his Chrittian Ptalmid, No. 538, in 
6 st. of 4 1., with the heading, " On the death 
of a Minister out off in his usefulness." It was 
repeated in his Original Bye., 1853. On May 

I I, 1854, st iii-vi (st. L, li. being omitted as 
unsuitable) were sung at Montgomery's funeral, 
to the tnne " Eroding," by Dr. Callcott, " ar- 
ranged by TV. H. Oftfloott'* One of the flrst 



GOD AND FATHER, GREAT 431 

to bring this hymn into C. IT. was Dr. Mar- 
tineau, in his Hyinm, &a, 1840. Its use in 
America is more extensive than in G. Britain. 

[J. X] 

Goadby, Frederic William, h.a. t b. 
of the Rev. Joseph Goadby, General Baptist 
Minister, was b. at Leicester, Aug. 10, 1845, 
and educated for the Baptist Ministry at 
Regent's Park College. Ho also graduated 
m.a. at the London University in 1868. In 
1868 he became pastor of the Baptist Church 
at Bluntisham, Hunts, and, in 1876, of that nt 
Watford, where, after a brief ministry of great 
promise, ho d, Oct. 15, 1880. Btsides con- 
tributing to periodical literature, Mr. Goadby 
wrote the following hymns : — 

1. A crowd fills the court of tbe temple, rat* 
Eanda-y. 

3. O Lord, the children come to Thee. A Child't 
Prayer. 

8. O Thou, Whose hand has brought us. Opening 
of a Place of Worship* 

Of these hymns Nob. ], 2, are in a few 
collections, including Stevenson's Softool Hym- 
nal, 1880, and No. 3 in the Baptist Hymnal, 
1879. [W. B. S-] 

Goadby, Thomas, an elder brother of 
the preceding, was b. at Leicester, Dec 23, 
1829. He studied for the ministry at the 
Baptist College, Leicester, and at Glasgow 
University, where he graduated b-a. in 1856 ; 
was successively pastor of Baptist churches 
in Coventry, London, and Derby. Iu 1873 he 
was appointed President of Chiiwell College, 
now the "Nottingham Baptist College." Mr. 
Goadby has contributed many papers to news- 
papers, reviews, and other periodicals, and has 
pub. several sermons and addresses delivered 
on public occasions from 1860 to 1881. In 
1884 he pub. Revelation, it* Nature and Record, 
translated from the German of Bwald. His 
compositions in verse are a short poem, 
entitled The Day of Death, 1863, and hymns, 
chiefly prepared for anniversary occasions. 
Nine of these are in Stevenson's School Hymnal, 
London, 1880. The most widely known is 
" When the day of life is dawning, come, come 
to Me." No. 140 is a fine centenary hymn, 
" O God, who art through all the years, for ever- 
more." No. 311, "Forward, Gospel heralds," 
is a stirring missionary hymn, its refrain being 
evidently suggested by Dean Alford's well* 
known verses, "Forward be our watchword." 
The 9 hymns and their subjects are ; — 

1. A. bind of maiden pilgrims. & 8. Annivtrtarf. 

2. Fonrard, gospel heralds. JUttiont. 

3. God of the earth and sky. jMflffif. 

4. Horn awakes, and woodlands sing. Xorning. 

a. God, Who art through all the yean. Fraitt to 
tit JWaer, 

6. O Thou, Whose holy love, prayer for Guidance. 

1. Princeof life, enthroned Inglorv. PraitetaJatu, 

s. Shepherd of Israel, Jesus our Saviour. The Good 
&cpftera. 

9. When the day of lite is dawning. Invitation by 
Chrttt. [W. R. S.j 

God and Father, great and holy. F. 

W. Farrar- [God is Love.] Written in 1856, 
and included in the Savoy Hymnary (Chapel 
Royal), about 1869, in 3 st. of 8 1., from whence 
it has passed into various collections, including 
the Watminster Abbey H. Bk., 1883, and 
others. In the American Unitarian Hy, of 
th* Spirit, 1864, it begins, * Lord and Father, 
great and holy." [J.J] 



4S2 GOD HATH TWO FAMILIES 

God hath two families of love. /. 

M.NeaU. [Evening."] 1st pub. as nn "Even- 
ing Hymn in his Hy*. for Children, 1st series, 
1842, No. xiv., in 7 at. of 4 1., the doxology 
being Bishop Ken's " Praise God from whom, 
Ac. The form in which it appeared in the 
8. F. C. K. Church Hy*. lias been adopted for 
"the correction of the popular error that the 
faithful departed are now reigning in heaven" 
(Ellertou's Notes on Ch. Hys., 1881). The 
alterations made on this account iu the Church 
Hys. text are so many and important that 
practically, bath in form and in doctrine, it is 
almost a new hymn. Most of tliese changes 
are due to the compilers of that collection. 
The original is also in C. U. in G. Britain and 
America. [J. J.] 

God in heaven His glory hides. J. 

(fabb. [Praise in heaven and earth.] 1st pub. 
in his Steps to (he Tltrone, &c., 1864, in 5 st of 
4 1., and entitled, " Grace and Glory," Iu its 
original form it is unknown to the hymnals in 
common use, but it has been rewritten by the 
author in two forms: — (1) "God His perfect 
glory hides," given in his Hy*. and Song*, &o., 
1871, p. 105, and repeated in the English 
Sacred Songster, 1873. (2) "God in heaven 
his glory hides," in his WeUturn Appendix, 
1875, No. 108, to the author's tune, "Trent- 
ham." [J. J.] 

God In His temple let us meet, J. 

Montgomery. [Ps. cxxxii.] Appeared in 
Cottorill's Selection, 1819, p. 74, in 4 st. of 8 1. 
In the revised ed. of 1820, lines 1-12 were 
given instead of the full text of the previous 
ed., thns making a hymn in 3 st of 4 1, This 
was repeated in Montgomery's Song* of Zfon, 
1822, as No. 1 of Ps. 132, and the rest of the 
Cotterill text of 1819 as No. 2, beginning, 
" Lord, for Thy servant David's sake." Pt. i. 
was also included in his Original Hymn*, 1853, 
No. 101. Both parts are in C. U. as separate 
hymns, but tho first is found in the greater 
number of hymn books. [J. J.] 

Ood, in the Gospel of His Son. B. 

Beddome. [The Gospel*.] Appeared in Rip- 
poit's Bap. Sel, 1787, No. 54, in 6 st. of i 1., 
and headed, " The Gospel of Christ." It was 
also iucluded in Robert Hall's posthumous 
edition of Beddome's Hymns, 1817. Its use, 
espeoially in America, is very extensive, but 
sometimes in on abbreviated form. [J. J.] 

God is a [the] Name my soul adores. 

I. Watts. [God the Creator.] Appeared iu 
lits Harm Lyricx, 1706, in V st. of 4 1., and 
entitled, " The Creator and Creatures." It is 
also in Watts's Works of various dates. Two 
or three centos from this hymn arc in C. IT., 
all commencing with st i., one of the earliest 
of which is that in Toplody's Ps. 4 Hys., 1778, 
No. 170. Dr. Martinoau's cento in his Hymns, 
&c, 1810, and Hy*. of Praise & Prayer, 1873, 
is composed of st L, ni., iv., vii., viiL In some 
of the American collections the opening line 
begins, " God is (As Name," Ac, as in the 
Plymouth Coll., 1855, and others. [J. J.] 

God 1b gone up with a merry noise. 
Bp. B. Heber. [Aseeniion.] Pub. iu his 
posthumous Hymn*, Ac, 1627, in 4 st. of 4 1., 
as the second of three hymns for Easter Day, 
Its appropriateness to Ascension-tide, rather 



GOD 18 OUR REFUGE AND 

than Easter-day, has led to its adoption, in 
some cases, for the Ascension. It is one 
of the least known of Heber'a hymns, and is 
only adopted by Kennedy and a few others. 

[J. J.] 
God Is In His holy temple, All the 
earth, &c J. Montgomery. [Public Wor- 
ship.} Dated "Sheffield, Dec. 24, 1833" 
[m. mssJ, and pub. in his Original Hymn*, 
1863, No. 107, iu 4 st of 6 1., and headed, 
" For the great Congregation." In Dr. Hat- 
field's Church H. Bk., S. Y„ 1872, it is re- 
duced to 3 ft., and in the Songs for the Sane- 
twiry, N. T., 1865-72, to 2 st In Clapham's 
Leeds 8. S. H. Bk., 1858 and 1878, it is some- 
what freely altered, and is signed " G. R.," 
i.e. George Bauson, in error. [J. J.] 

God is King; the nations quiver. 

J. Keble. [P*. xcix.] 1st pub. in his Prnlter ; 
or Ps. of David, Ac., 1839, in 6 st. of 6 L, and 
repeated in Inter editions. Its use is mainly 
confined to tho hymn-books of the English 
public sohools, although it is a lyric of high 
rank. It is well suited as a Processional Hymn 
for choral festivals, the meetings of guilds, 
and other services of a like kind. [J. J.] 

God is love, His mercy brightens. 

Sir J. Boming. (The Love of God.~) This 
hymn is sometimes attributed in error to his 
Matin* and Vespers, 1823. It actually ap- 
peared in his Hymns in 1825, in 5 st of 41., 
st i. being repeated as st. v. In 1653 it was 
given without the repetition of the first stanza, 
in tho Leeds H. Bk., from wheuce it passed 
into numerous collections. Its use in English- 
speaking countries is very extensive, and it 
has become one of the most popular of the 
author's hymns. Orig. text, Thring's Coll., 
No. 292, with " the mist," altered to " the 
gloom," and the omission of the repetition of 
st v. This is the generally accepted form of 
the hymu. [J. J.] 

God Is love ; that anthem olden. J. 

S. B. MonstU. [Ood it Love.] A poem for 
the 1st S. after Trinity, appeared in his 
Spiritual Songs, 1856 and 1857, in 6 st. of G 1. 
A second form of the text in 4 st., beginning, 
" God is love : the heavens tth it," was in- 
cluded in the Rev. F. Pott's Hymns, Ac, 1861, 
No. 209. These stanzas, with a return to the 
original text save " Our " for " Their " in st 
iv.. 1. 5, are found in the 8. P. C. K. Church 
Hys., No. 372, Turing's Coll., and several 
others. The complete text of 1856-57 was re- 
peated by Dr. Mousell in his Parish Hymnal, 
1873. During his last illness the hymn was 
revised by the author for the people's ed. of his 
Spiritual Songs. The opening lines read : — 
"God la Love; by Him upholdm, 
Htqg the glorious orbs or light." 

This form of the hymn is in Horder*s Cong. 
Hymns, 1884, and others. In the notes to Ch. 
Hymns, fol. ed, 1881, it is regarded as the 
original text in error. [J. J.] 

Ood is our Befuge and our Strength. 
H. Alford. JP*. astot'J 1st pub, in {he British 
Magatine, Dec, 1832, in 7 st of 4 ]., and 
signed +. In 1833 it was reprinted in his 
anonymous Poem* and Poetical Fragment*. 
When given in his Pt. & Hy*., 1844, p. 75, 
at. iv.-Ti. were omitted. The text of the Hy*. 



GOD 18 OUB REFUGE, EVER 

of the Spirit, Boston, U. S. A., 1861, No. 310, 
is from the original. [W. T. B.] 

God is our Refuge, ever near. /, 
Oonder. [P$. xfoi.] Appeared in his Cong. 
S. Bk., 1836, No. 403, in 2 st of 7 L When 
repeated in his work, The Ohoir and The 
Oratory, in the following year (Preface, Nov. 
8, 1836), IS lines were added thereto, bat in 
another metre. These lines were omitted in 
his Bye. of Praise, Prayer, 4c., 1856, p. 14, 
and also from all modem hymnals. Orig. text 
in New Cong., 1859, No. 64. [J. J.] 

God la the Befuge of His saints. I. 
Watt*. [Pi. rf«*.l Appeared in his Pt. of 
David, &c 1719, in 6 st of 4 I. and bended, 
"The Church's Safety and Triumph among 
National Desolation*-" It has passed in full, 
or in an abbreviated form, into numerous col- 
lections in all English-speaking countries. In 
the Unitarian Hymn [& Tune] Bk., Boston, 
U.S.A., 1868, st v., vi., are given as No. 345, 
" There is a stream, whose gentle flow." [J. J.] 

God made all His creatures free. J. 

Montgomery, [Freedom.] This hymn is No. iv. 
of his " Songs en the Abolition of Negro 
Slavery, in the British Colonies, Aug. 1, 1834." 
It is in 6 st. of 4 1., and entitled, " Slavery that 
is not" These "Songs" were pub. in his 
Poet't Portfolio, 1835. As given in Long- 
fellow and Johnson's Unitarian Bk. of Hynme, 
1843, and other American collections, it is 
composed of st i, ii., v., vL, slightly altered. 
It is not in C. U. in G. Britain. [J. J.] 

God moves in a mysterious way, 

W. Cowper. [Providence.'] The commonly 
accepted history of this hymn is that it was 
composed by Cowper in 1773, after an attempt 
to oommit suicide by drowning in the Ouse at 
Olnoy. In the Memoirs of Cowper byHayley, 
and by Southcy, as also in that of J. Newton, 
by Bull, tkTo are painful details of his insanity 
in 1773. In Southey there is a distinct state- 
ment to the effect that hie mania was suicidal, 
and that he made an attempt upon his life in 
October, 1773. Southey says (1853, vol. L 
p. 174):- 

"In tbe new character which bis delirium had as- 
sumed [tout It wu the will of God thai he should put 
an end lo bli life} the same perfect spirit of submission 
wu manifested. Hr.Ncw10usa.71 'Even that attempt 
he nude In October wh a proof of It; for It vaa aoltly 
owing to the power the cuemj had of Impressing- upon 
hla disturlKd lmagttiatloii that It was the will of Ood 
ho should, after the example of Abraham, perform an 
expensive act of obedience, and offer, not a eon, but 
hinuelt'" (Mtyse, lm.) 

This is conclusive as to the intended suicide : 
but there is no indication in the Mtmoirt that 
after his attack he wrote anything whatever 
until about April, 1774. Of this period Southey 
says : — 

" Hla mind, (hough possessed by Its fatal delation, 
bad recovered In some degree lta activity, and in some 
of hia moat melancholy momenta no med to oompoie 
lines descriptive of his own unhappy state." (1853, 
voL i. p. lit.) 

To our mind it is evident that Cowper must 
have written this hymn, either early in 1773, 
before his insanity became so intense as to lead 
him to attempt suicide in the October of that 
year, or else in April of 1774, when "he used 
to compose lines descriptive of his own un- 
happy state." Of these dates the latter is the 
more probable of the two, tot neither will 



GOD OP ALL CONSOLATION 433 

agree with the popular account of the origin 
of the hymn. Its publication agrees with this 
dare, as it appeared in J. Newton's TmiUy-tix 
Letter* on Religious tfuojeots ; to nhieh are 
added Hymn*, dfc, by Onueron, London, 1774. 
The actual date is fixed by Newton. He 
says: — 

» Thursday, July 6tb [1114,}. Onierm't JMtr% an 
now published. May the I.ord accompany them with 
His blecalng. In reading tbem 1 could not but observe* 
how different I appear on paper from what I know 
myself to be," 4c. 

In Omicrtm't Letters it is in 6 st. of 4 1, is 
entitled " Light shining out of Darkness," 
and is unsigned. It also appeared in the July 
number of the Gospel Magazine for 1774 (p. 
307), in the same form and with the same 
title ; but in this instance it is signed " J. IrV." 
We find it also in R. Conyers's Colt of Fs. & 

X™ ns of the same year, in the same form and 
the same title, but without signature It 
appears again in the Gospel Magazine, Dec, 
1777, p. 555, at the end of a letter " On Afflic- 
tion." This letter is unsigned. At the close 
of the hymn these words are added : — 

" By Miss Usslngton, late of Islington, who died In 
May, lite. Taken from the original. * 

In this cose the st ii. is omitted ; the eight 
lines of st iil and iv. are rearranged ; a slight 
change is made in st. vi., and the following is 



" When midnight Shades are all withdrawn 
Tbe opening day busll rise, 
Whuse ever calm and cloudless morn 
Snail know no tow 'ring akies." 

This uncertainty about the authorship of 
the hymn was set at rest in 1779, when J. 
Newton gave the original text and title from 
Omicrotfe Letter* in the Olney Hymne, Bk. iil., 
No. 15, and signed it "O" From the first it 
gradually grew in importance and interest, 
until it has become one of the most widely 
known hymns in English-speaking countries. 
It has also been translated into several lan- 
guages, including Latin, by R Bingham in 
bisBumno. Chritti. Latt\ 1871, as " Secret's 
miranda viis opera uumen " ; and Dr. Macgill 
in his Songs of tlte Christian Creed and Life, 
1876, as, " DeuB mundum, en, molitur." 
Montgomery's estimate of this hymn is very 
high. He says of it, « It is a lyrio of high 
tone and character, and rendered awfully in- 
teresting by the circumstances under which it 
was written — in the twilight of departing 
reason" {The Christian Poet, 1825, Preface)* 
Montgomery evidently thought the hymn was 
composed Before the sad breakdown of 1773. 

[J. J.] 

God of all consolation, take. O, 
WetUa. [Parting of Friends.] This is the 
last of his Kys. for thoee that Seek, and those 
that Save Redemption, &&, 1747, No. liii, in 
8 double st of 4 1. (P. Work*, 1868-72, vol. iv. 
p. 280). In 1780, a cento in 12 st beginning 
with st i. was given in the Wes.S. Bk., as No. 
523 (new ed 1875, 537), and has been repeated 
in most of the Methodist collections. Several 
interesting " associations " of this hymn are 
given in Stevenson's Meth. S. Bk. Note*, 1883. 
In CotteriU's Sel, 8th ed., 1815, and subse- 
quent editions, tbe hymn: — 

"Sot nnto us, but Thee, O Lord ! 
Be praise and glory given," Ac., 
appeared in 4 st of 4 1., and headed, " The 
Stunts kept by the power of God." From 



434 GOD OP ALL POWER, AND 

Cotterill'B gel, it passed Into Bp. Bickersteth'a 
Ps. & Has., 1858 ; the Islington Ps. * Hys. ; 
the Hy. CWo.,nnd others. In Kennedy, 1868, 
it begins, "Not unto us, (o Thee, O Lord." 
This cento is usually ascribed to "J. Comtek 
and T. CotteriU " ; as in Miller's Singers and 
Bongs, Ac., 1869, p. 362, and the Hy. Comj>. 
Notes. This error has arisen out of the simi- 
larity of the first line to J. Connick's hymn : — 
" Not unto ue but Thee atone, 
BlesB'd Lamb, be glory given/' frc 

The cento is based upon st i., vi.-viii. of C. 
Wesley's hymn. The alterations by Cotterill 
are so numerous as almost to constitute & new 
hymn. Its correct ascription is, " C. Wesley, 
1747: T. GotteriU, 1815." [W. T. B.] 

God of all power, and truth, and 
grace. C. Wesley. [Hdinett desired.'] Pub. 
in Hys. A Sac. Poems, 1712, in 28 st. of 4 1., 
based on Ezekiel xxxvi. 13, &c, and headed, 
"Pleading the Promise of Sanctification " 
(P. Worto, 1868-72, Tol. ii. p. 319). It was 
also appended to J. Wesley's Sermon No. 40, 
and to J. Fletcher's Last Check to Antinomian- 
ism. It deals with the doctrine of Sanctified- 
tion from tie Methodist point of view. Prom 
the 1742 text the following centos hare come 
into C. V. :— 

I. God of til power, and troth, ud gnoe. In the 
Wes. IX. #fc,, 1? so. No. 330, and later editions, la com- 
posed of st. i., ill., vl.-li, and iiv, This was given in 
Hall's Mitre jr. Bk^ IBM, No. 211, ta an abbreviated 
form, as "OThou, Whose merer, truth, aud love." This 
arrangement was by £. Osier, and la a distinct hymn 
from Osier"! "OGod, Whose meroy, truth, and love," 
which appeared in Ms Church ana King, March, 1337, 
although In the latter he has borrowed a. line or two 
from the former, [kajj, mss.] 

I. Pather, toppl? a 7 every •>*•*■ In the Wet. 

H. Bk., 1TS0, No. SBO, pt. IL ii composed of st. xli.- 
zxiL It Is also in other collections. 

9, Holy, and true, and righteodi Xerd, In the 
Wes. S. Bk., USD, No. 391 Is composed of,sts. xxill., 
xxvL-xxvlll. This Is also in other collections. 

All of these centos are in 0. IT. in G. Britain 
and America. [J. J.] 

Ood of all-redeeming grace. C. Wes- 
ley, [Hull/ Communion.'] No. 139 of his Hys. 
on the Lord's Sapper, 1745, in 4 st. of 4 1. In 
1760 it was given in Madon's Pa. & Hys., No. 
162, and later in other collections of the Church 
of England. It was also in the Wes. H. Bk., 
1780, No. 415, and later editions, and in a 
few collections in G. Britain and America. 
Jn the original st iii. it reads, " Just it is, and 
good, and right"; but in the Wes. H. Bk., 3. 
Wesley changed it to " Meet it is, and just and 
right," thereby bringing it into harmony 'with 
the Bk. of Common Prayer, " It is very meet,' 
right, and our bounden duty," fas. [J. J.] 

God of almighty love. C. Wesley. 
{Consecration to God.] Appeared in Hyt. <k 
Sac. Poems, 1749, vol. i., No. 149, in 3 st of 
8 1., and entitled, " An hourly act of Oblation." 
In 1780 it was given with alterations in the 
Wes. H. Bk. as No. 314, and repeated in seve- 
ral collections in G. Britain and America. The 
cento, " Father, my lifted eye," in Hys. for the 
Church of Christ, Boston, U.S.A., 1853, is com- 
piled with alterations from st it., iii., of this 
hymn. [J. J.] 

Ood of eternal love. I. Watt*. [P*. 
cti. ; God's love to Israel.] 1st pub. in his 



GOD OF LIFE, AND LIGHT 

Ps. of David, &c, 1719, in 6 st of 4 1„ and 
entitled, "Israel punish'd and pardon'd; or, 
God's unchanging lovo." Iu a note be says:— 

"The chief design of this whole Psalm I have ex- 
pressed In the Title, and abridged it In this form, having 
enlarged much more on this same subject in the mh, 
VBth, end loSth Psalms. 

" Though the Jews now seem to be cast off, yet the 
Apostle Paul assures us that 'God hath not cast away 
His people whom He foreknew/ Itom. xi. 2. Their un- 
belief and absence from God Is but for a season, for they 
■hall be recalled again j v. 2a, 26," 

The use of this hymn is not extensive. Ori- 
ginal text in Spurgeon's O. O. H. Bk., 1866, 

[J. J.] 
God of eternal truth, and grace, C. 

Wesley. [Perfect Love.] This cento is thus 
composed : — 

St. L-iL, Short Bymtu, ttc, vol. II, No. 13JB, Mich, 
vii. JO. St. lil.-iv., Short Hymn*, &c, vol. ii., No. 114, 
Matt, xv, as. St. v.-vi., Short Jtvmnt, ex., vol. ii., 
No. S9r, Markijt, S3, 

These Sltvrt Hymm, Sec., were pub. at Bristol, 
1762 (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. x.). This cento 
was included in the Wes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 
333, and is found in other collections. [J. J.j 

Ood of glory, Ood of grace, Hear 
from, heaven, &o. {Holy Trinity.] This 
popular and widely used hymn for children 
has been traced to Murcli's Sabbntii Scholar's 
if. Bk., 1849, whero it is given anonymously. 
It passed into Dr. Bale's Methodist 3. S. H. 
Bk., 1857, and numerous collections of later 
date, including the itfefA. 8. 8. H. Bk,, 1879, 
No. 6, q.v. arig. test ; the Scottiih Pres. Hym- 
nal for the Young, 1882, No. 2, and many 
others. [W. T. B.] 

Ood of grace, O let Thy light. E. 

Chorion. [Ps. hmu] Written in 1854, and 
pub. in the same year in his Cleveland Psalter, 
in 7 st oE 4 1. In 1S61 it was given unaltered 
in H. A. & 3f., and repeated in the revised ed. 
1875. It is also in the Hymnary, 1872, and 
other English collections, and a few of the 
American hymn-books. It is a favourable 
specimen of the author's style (see Pielters, 
Engliah, § XIX.). [J. J.] 

Ood of Israel's faithful three. C. 

Wesley. [ Tlaee Hebrew Children.] Appeared 
in the Hy». <fc Sac. Poems, 1742, p. 213, in 5 st. 
of 8 I., with the title, " The Tlnee Children in 
the Fiery Furnace " (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. ii, 
p. 267). In 1780 it was given with slight al- 
terations and the omission of st ii. in the Wes. 
H. Bk., No. 349, and this arrangement has 
been repeated in several Methodist collections. 
In the revised Wee. H. Bk., 1875, No. 359, st. 
i.-iii. only are given, whilst the American 
Meth. Episoo. Hymnal, 1878, No. 677, has 
st i., iii. [J. J.] 

Ood of life, and light, and motion, 

F. Oakeley. [Holy Trinity.] Pub. in his Lyra 
Liturgica, Ac, 1865, p. 145, in 14 st. of i 1, 
In the Hymnary, 1872, No. 840, it appears as 
a hymn of 4 st. of 12 I., and the same text is 
repeated in the Altar Hymnal, 1884, No. 47. 
This arrangement is attained by omitting st. 
iv.-vi., and adding one of 4 lines at the close. 
The text in Hall & Lasar's Evang. Hymnal? 
N. Y., 1880, in 2 st. of 12 1., is from the Hym- 
nnry. In one or two collections the latter part 
of the hymn is given, beginning with st. x. as, 
ri God the Father, Son and Spirit." [J. J.] 



GOB OP LOVE, THAT 

God of lore, that [Who] hear'st the 
prayer, C. Wesley. {None but Jesus.] Pub. 
in Hys, for tlioee that Seek, and thote that Have 
Redemption, &c, 1717, p. 19, iu G st, of 8 1. 
(P. Worlu, 18G8-72, vol. iv. p. 228). Tho 
form in which it is known in modern collections 
wos given in the Wes. H. Bk, 1780, No. 4!)4, 
in 8 st. of 4 1. Iu tho American hymn-books 
it begins, "God of love, Wlto hear'st the 
prayer." [J. J.] 

God of mercy, God of grace, Shew 
the brightness of Thy face. H. F. Byte. 
IPs. Ixvii.] 1st pub. iu his Spirit of the Psalms, 
1834, in 3 at. of G 1. as his 2nd version of Ps. 
Ixvii., and again in later edu. of the some. It 
is ill most extensive use in all English-speaking 
countries, and usually the original text is given 
unaltered as in Thring's CWJ., 1882. [J. J.] 

God of my life, through all its [my] 
days. P. Doddridge. [Praise for unfailing 
mercies.] This hymn is dated m the Bapt. 
Pi. * Hys., revised ed. 1871 and 1880, " 1751," 
the year of Doddridge's death, but upon what 
authority it is not stated. Miller (Singers and 
Songs, 1869, p. 172) evidently took this date as 
the foundation of his note which rends : — 

" This hymn may be read autoDiogranbicalry, es- 
pecially rerae 3, In reference to the peaceful thankful 
inesa in his heart when the last wave of his life was 
ebbing out at Lisbon. The words are : — 
■ When death o'er astute shall prevail, 
And all its powers of language fail, 
Joy through my swimming eyes shall break, 
And mean the thanks I cannot speak.' " 

No evidence beyond these unauthorised 
statements is forthcoming to show that this 
was the author's death-bed hymn, as this date, 
and Miller's note would imply. It was pub, 
in Doddridge's (posthumous) Hymns, &c., by 
J. Orton, 1755, No. 71, in 6 st of 4 1., and 
headed, "Praising God through tho wholo o( 
our existence. Psalm cxlvi. 2." In 1839 it 
was reprinted by J. D. Humphreys in his ed. 
of Doddridge's Hymns, &c, and accompanied 
by the following note :-— 

" It is interesting to remcmDer, that, when pressed 
Jnwn by the hand of disease and tottering on tlie brink 
of eternity, the pious author or this hymn realized the 
divine consolations its perusal may Inspire," p. SI. 

This note seems to imply that the hymn 
was written before the author's illness at Lis- 
bon, iu 1751, and probably the date of 1740, 
given to it by Dr. Hatfield in his Church H, 
Bit., N. Y.,1872, No. 182, is correct. In a few 
collections it is given as " God of my life, 
through all my days." Its use in all English- 
speaking countries is extensive. [J. J.] 

God of my life, Thy boundless grace. 

Charlotte Elliott. [Resignation,'} Contributed 
to the 2nd ed. of the Invalid's H. Bk, 1841, in 
4 st. of 4 1„ and based upon Ps. xxxi. 5, " Into 
Thine haudl commit my spirit; Thouhastre- 
deemed me, O Lord God of truth.'* In the 
American hymn-books the last line of each 
stanza is often altered to suit the hymn to 
various tunes. In the Bongs for tie Sanctuary, 
1865, st i- 1. 4 is, "Father, I come, I como to 
Thee " ; in Laudes Domini, 1884, " I come to 
Theo." Tho remaining stanzas undergo similar 
changes. Orig. text in the Stryker and Main 
Church Praise Bk, N. Y., 1882, where the 
line reads, " Father ! I come to Thee." [J. J.] 
God of my life, Thy constant ears. 



GOD OF MY LIFE, WHOSE 435 

P. Doddridge. [Xew Year.'] 1st pub. in his 
(posthumous) Hymns, &C, 1755, No. 184, in 
st. of 4 1., and headed, " The possibility of 
dying this Year, Jerem. xxTiii. 16 ; For New 
Year's Day." In 1839 it was republished, with 
slight variations in the text, in J. D. Hum- 
phreys's ed. of the Hmnns, &c, No. 152. In 
Dr. Dale's English It. Bk, 187L No. 1174, 
st.'i., iv.-vi., and in Common Praise, 1879, No. 
325, st. i., in., v., are given in each case as 
" God of our life, Thy constant care." Am 
arrangement of ist. ii.-v. also appeared in 
CotteriU's Sel., 1810, and later editions, as, 
" How many kindred souls are fled." This 
is repeated in a few modern collections, [J. J,] 

God of my life, to Thee I oalL W. 
Guwper. [Divine aid implored.'] Pub. in the 
Olattj Hymns, 1779, Bk, lii.. No. 19, in fi st. of 
4 ]., beaded, "Looking upwards in a storm," 
and signed " C." In the American Presb. Ps. 
and Hys. far the Worship of God, Richmond, 
1867, No. 373, st ii.-iv., are given as, " Friend 
of the friendless and the faint " ; but ascribed 
to " Newton," in error. In the Church Praise 
Bk., N. Y., 1882, the same arrangement, with 
the addition of st vi., is .given as No. 467. 
The S. P. C. K. Hymns, 1852, " God of our 
life, to Theo we call,"' is composed of st L, 
iL, of this hymn, somewhat altered, and a third 
stanza from another source. In tlie Anglican 
H. Bk, 1868, this hymn is again altered to, 
" My God, my Life, to Thee I call," [J. J.] 

God of my life, to Thee, My cheerful 
soul, Sec. C. Wesley. [Birthday Hymn.] 
No. 10 of his " Hys; for Believers," given in 
Hys. & Sac. Poems, 1749, vol. i., No. 123, iu 
8 st of 6 1., and again iu the Wes. H. Bk, 
1780, No. 219, with tho omission of si v. Iu 
the revised od of 1875, No. 229, tho original 
stanzas are giveu in this order, L, ii., iv., iii., 
vi., viii, thus making a hymn of 6 st. The 
last stanza contains the lines : — 

" like Moses to Thyself convey. 
And kiss my raptured' soul away." 
These lines are based upon the Jewish tra- 
dition that Goddrow the soul of Moses from 
tlie body by a Mss. Watts has the same idea 
in his poem on tho death of Moses : — 
"Softly his i&lnting head he lay 
Upon his Maker's breast ; 
Ills Maker kissed his sotll away, 
And laid his flesh to rest." 

(Seo Hora Lyricse, 1706). C. Wesley's orig. 
text is in P. Works, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 15. 

[J. J.] 
God of my life, Whose gracious 
power. 0. Wesley. [Lent — In Temptation.] 
1st pub. in Hys. & Sac Poems, 1740, in 15 st 
of 4 1., and headed, "At the Approach of 
Temptation " (P. Works, 1868-72, vol i. p. 322). 
From it the following centos have come into 
O. U. :— 

1. The Wei. IT. Bk., U90, No. 280 (new ed, 1875, 
No. 290), which is composed of st. I., 11., T., vi., lx,, xl., 
xlv., xv. Tints Is hi several Methodist collections. 

2. The JKsto Cms., ISM, No. 60S, consisting of st. L, 
il„ v., vU in. 

3. Kcrate&g, 1663, No. ISO, consisting of st. 1., 11., vi,, 
be., xt., xlv. 

±. The Letdt n. Bk., ibbs, No. Ml, consisting of 
st. 1., ii., U, xl., liv. This ts repeated in the Hyt. o/ 
iteSpirit, Boston, U.&A., 166+ ; the Unitarian Hy.tamt 
3\tncJ Bk., Bostod, 1868, and other American collections. 

Of theso four centos the last is the most 
widely used. In his Meth. H. Bk Notes, 1883, 

2 F 2 



436 GOD OP MY SALVATION 

p. 218, Mr. Stevenson has an interesting anec- 
dotal note on the TFe* ff. flft. cento. [J. J.] 

Qod of my salvation, hear. C. Wesley. 
(Lent'] Pub. in Hyt. A Sao. Poem, 1742, in 
8 st of 8 1., and headed, "After a relapse into 
sin " (P. Forfc», 1868-72, toL ii p. 200). In 
its Ml form it is unknown to the collections, 
but the following centos are in C. U. : — 

1. In Modem's Pa. 4 Sy*,, lfao, st. I , It. v., are 
given mi No. If), TbU Is reputed with slight altera- 
tlDiu in tbe B. P. C. K. Mymnt, lssi, sod other collec- 
tions. It was also In R. Conyers's (Ml., 116*. and several 
of tbe older hymn-books. 

S. Topboys cento in Ms Pi. * fljtf,, 1UB, No. as*, of 
which it, ill. and vii. are by Toplady, is not in modern use. 

3. Dkkersteth's ChTiitiait PmWtJ, ISM. No. ISO, 
Is composed of st. I., IL, lv., vL, with slight alterations. 
This Is repeated in the fry. Owp. with « return lo the 
original text. 

4. Meroer's Ck. Plotter * n. Bk., ms. consists of 
st. t., il., tv., Tt., viil. 

5. Dr. Hatfield's Chunk U. Bh., N.Y., ISM, No. sm, 
emindlea st. i., IE., 1v. 

«. Tbe We*. H. Bk., 1180, No. 1*8 (new ed. ISM, 
No. 1IB), is composed of st. t., 11., iv., vi., viil. This 
cento has passed into several Methodist collections. 

This somewhat large number of centos (and 
the most important ouly have been named) in- 
dicate the extensive nse which has been made 
of the hymn from Ma/tan to the present. Of 
these centos that in the Wee. Hi Bk. is the 
best known. [J, J.] 

Qod of our health, otjt Life and 
Light Bp.It.Mant. [Holy Baptism.] One 
of the original hymns added to his And&nt 
Hymns from the Roman Breviary, 1837, p. 96, 
in 5 at of G 1. (ed. 1871, p. 163), and entitled, 
" Hymn of Thanksgiving for Holy Baptism." 
It was repeated in Kennedy, 1863 ; the 8. 
P. C. K., Pe. A Hyt. Appz., &c The hymn 
No. 498, in the Hymnary, 1872, for a " School 
Festival," " We thank Thee, Lord, our Life 
and Light," in L.M., is a cento from this hvmn. 

[J. J.]. 

Qod of that glorious gift of grace. 
J. S. B. Monsetl. [Holy Baptism.'] 1st puh 
in his Hyt. and Miscellaneous Poemt, Dublin, 
1837, p. 44, in 5 st. of 4 1., and entitled, " Bap. 
tismal Hymn." It was repeated in his Parish 
Musings, 1850, but omitted, strangely enough, 
from his Parish Hymnal, 1873, although rank- 
ing in popularity with the best of his hymns. 
It is found in many of the beet collections, 
including the 8. P. C. K. Church Hymns, No. 
222 ; Hy. Cotnp., 398 ; the Wet. H. Bk., No. 
896, and others, and usually without altera- 
tion, as in Lord Selbornu's Bk. of Praite, 
1862 and 1867. Its use has also extended 
to most English-speaking countries. [J. J.] 

Qod of the living, in Whose eyes. J. 
EUerton. [Burial.] Written for and 1st pub. 
in his Hymn* for Schools and Bible Classes 
(Brighton), 1838, in 3 st of 4 I. On July 6, 
1867, it was expanded by the author into 5 st 
of 6 1., and in this form was puh. in the Brown- 
Borthwiok Word* of the Suppl. H. and Tune 
Bk., K.D. ; and the Select Hyt. for Church & 
Home, 1871. Also in the 8. P. C. K. Church 
Hymns, 1871, No. 245. It is in somewliat ex- 
tensive nse, the longer form being that usually 
adopted. The two forms are in Dr. Marti- 
nean's Bys. of Praite and Prayer, 1873, as 
Nos. 911 and 797. [J. J.] 

Qod of the morning, at [Thy] Whose 
voice, f. Watts. [Morning^] 1st pub. in 



GOD OF UNEXAMPLED GBACE 

his Hyt. & S. Songs, 1709, Bk. i, No. 79, in 

6 st. of 4 L, as "A Morning Hymn." It is 
sometimes wed in an abbreviated form, and 
as " God of tbe morning, at Thy voice." Its 
nse in its full, or in abridged form, is extensive 
in G. Britain and America. [J, J.] 

Qod of the prophet's power. J. Gen- 
nick. [After Sermon, or Mittions.] Pub. in his 
Sacred Hyt. for the Children of God, &c, 1741, 
No. 10, in 5 st of 8 1. In its original form it 
is not in C. U. The hymn in many American 
collections, especially those of the Unitarians, 
beginning with the same first line, is a cento 
from this hymn with alterations in the text 
It came into use early in the present century, 
and is found in the -Hjrs. of the Spirit, Boston, 
1864; the Song* for the Sanctuary, N. Y., 
1865, and many others. [J. J.] 

God of the seas, Thy thundering 
VOlco. I. Waitt. [God's Dominion over the 
Sea.] No. 70, Bk, ii„ of his Hyt. 4 8. Songs, 
1707, in 9 st of 4 1., and entitled "God's Do- 
minion over the Sea," In this form its use is 
very limited. A more popular form was given 
in the American Prayer Bk. Cott., 1826, No. 
118, in 3 st. beginning, " God of the sea, Thine 
awful voice." It is an alteration of st. i, iii. 
and vi., and is found in several American col- 
lections. [J. J.] 

Qod of the universe, to Thee. [Con- 
secration of a Church.] Appeared in Beman'g 
Sacred Lyric*, Troy, 1841, and signed "Miss 
Mary O — , 1341." It is in nse in a few Ame- 
rican collections, as Hatfield's Church H. Bk., 
1872, No. 1290, in 4 St., and the Songs for the 
Sanctuary, 1865,No. 1031, in 5 st [J. J.] 

Qod of truth, and power, and grace. 

C. Wesley. [Holy Communion.] " Pub. as a 
tract of four pages, without name or date, but 
probably before 1745," and included iu the P. 
Works, 1868-72, vol. viil. p. 441. It is in 10 
st of 4 L Of these st i-vii, ix. and x., were 
given in the revised Wet. H. Bk., 1875, No. 
910. [J. J.] 

Qod of unexampled grace. C. Wesley. 
[PottiotUide.] 1st pub. in his Hyt. on the 
Lord'* Supper, 1745, No. 21, in 9 st of 8 1. 
(P. Works, 1868-72, voL iii. p. 229). From 
this the following centos have come into C. U. : 

1, In If. Hadan's Pi. 4 Sa'-i HM, N °. l* s is com- 
posed of et. l.-iil. This wss sdded to the Supp. to the 
Wet. If. Bk., 1930, and is retained in the revised ed., 
1STS. 

1, In A. M. Toplsdy^s P$. A Byt., ills, Ko. 2» Is 
composed of st. i.-lv., vi., Till. Ix.. with alterations. 

s. In tbe Wa. H. Bk., lsuo-l, st. iv.-ix., beginning 
"Jesus drinks tbe bitter cop." This ii in a few Metho- 
dist collections, but Is omitted ftom the revised ed. of 
tbe Wet. tf. Bk., 18M. 

The use of portions of this hymn is thus 
somewhat extensive, especially amongst the 
Methodist bodies. In common with Milton 
("Hymn for the Horning of Christ's Nati- 
vity ") and others, Wesley has pressed heathen 
mythology into the service of Christianity in 
this hymn. The fifth stanza reads : — 
<< Dies the glorious cause of all 
The true eternal Pan, 
Fells to raise ns from the fall 
To ransom sinful man. 
•• Well may SH withdraw his light, 
With tbe Sunerer sympathise, 
Leave tbe world in sodden night, 
WbUe his Creator dies." rj. J.] 



GOD BATE THE KINO 

God save the King. [National Anthem.] 
The origin and authorship of the English 
national anthem hare given rise to much con- 
troversy, and many theories respecting them 
hare been advanced, often demonstrating little 
eare the writers 1 misapprehension of the points 
really at bene. To enter at length into these 
discussions would be foreign to the purpose of 
this work, end it will therefore be sufficient 
to notice briefly the theories above referred to, 
and then to state the results attained by a 
careful examination of the facte, so for ae we 
know them at present 

i. Tkeorie* respecting the Melody.— I. The 
melody hoe been attributed to Dr. John Bull, 
and supposed to have been performed by him 
on the organ at the Merchant Taylors' Hall, 
July 16, 1607, when King James I, dined there 
with the Company. Of the book by Kichard 
Clark, in which this theory fs propounded, all 
that it is necessity to say here is that it {b a 
tissue of errors from beginning to end. Curi- 
ously enough, however, Clark afterward* be- 
came possessed of a MS. volume of compositions 
by Dr. Bull, in which is found a sort of organ 
voluntary, entitled merely an "Ayre," iden- 
tical in rhythm with "God save the King," 
and bearing considerable resemblance to it in 
the form of its melody. 

2. An old Christmas Carol O* Remember, O 
thou man"), which is found in jSongt and 
Fanciet, Aberdeen, 1682, bean in several of its 
phrases some likeness to " God save the King," 
awl has hence led some to claim a Scottish 
origin for the hitter ; but the rhythm is different, 
and the Carol had already appeared in Barens- 
eroft's Melimnta, 1611, from which it passed 
into the Scottish collection. 

3. A similar, but even slighter, resemblance 
to a passage in one or Purcell's sonatas, led 
others to associate the melody of "God save 
the King " with the name of that great com- 
poser, 

4. Others, again, have reft;m-d its origin 
to an anthem or, more properly, hymn said to 
have been sung in the private chapel of James 
n. on the occasion of the apprehended in- 
vasion of England by the Prince of Orange. 

5. Others have supposed it to be a Jacobite 
composition of later date. 

6. Another story runs that It was composed 
by Lully in honour of a visit pud by Louis 
XIV. and Mndame de Maintenon to the lately 
founded (1686) convent of St. Cyr. ThU myth 
is derived from the Souvenir* de hi Maxquiae 
de Criquy, a clumsy and audacious forgery, 
the work, it is believed, of one Cousen de St 
Halo, published in Paris in 1831. The words 
therein given as the original French ; — 

" Grind Dion, unm le Boy ! 
Grind Bleu, vengei k Ray I 

Ylve Is Sot I 
Que toujour! glortenx, 
Louts viciorleujc. 



GOB SATE THE KING 



437 



Voye t 
Toujoure saamla. 

Grind Men, huvu 1* Boy 1 
Vive be Boy." 
are merely a poor translation of the English. 
The addition to this fiction that Handel sub- 
sequently obtained the composition from the 
Sisters of St, Cyr, and introduced it into Eng- 
land as his own, is too absurd for further 
notice. 



iL History of the Anthem. — 1. Henry Carey 
Is commonly accepted as the author both of 
the words and music, but the ascription to him 
of either is open to considerable doubt. The 
air is said to have been sung by him in 1740, 
at a dinner to celebrate the recent capture of 
Pertobello, This statement rests chiefly on a 
letter signed "W.," which appeared in the 
Oentleman'i Magazine for 1796 (54 years after 
Carey's death), in which the writer asserts 
that he was present on the occasion, lite 
story may, however, be true. " God save the 
King" is not included in any collection of 
Carey's works, and is first found in print in 
Harmonia Anglieana, s.d., but probably pub- 
lished about 1743 or 1744, and is there ano- 
nymous. It is headed "For two voices," the 
air differs slightly from the modern version, 
and the words consist of two stanzas only ; — 
" God Bay* our Lord the King, 

Long live our nobis King, 
Qod eave the KtngJ 

Send bim victorious, 

Happy «nd glorioui, 

Long to reign over ua, 
God me the King. 
" Lard our Qod, artte, 

Scatter his enemies 
And make itaem full t 

Gonftrand their pollticta, 

Fruatrate their fcnevieta trlcki, 

On him our hopea are ilx'd. 

ant hi all." 

Harmonia Anglieana was soon afterwords 
republished under the title of Thesaurus 3fu- 
tiaw, and a copy of the first edition, in the 
possession of Mr. Cummings, gives the melody 
and words without any alteration whatever. 

2. At the end of 1743 or in 1744 a concert 
was given by John Travers, organist of the 
Chapel Royal, which concluded with " A .Latin 
Chorus," The words of this chorus are quoted 
by Mr. W. H Cummings, in a series of six 
able articles published in the Musical Timet 
(March to August, 1878), from a unique copy 
of the book ofthe words in his possession : — 

"0 DeusCrptltue! 

Salvum nunc fadto 

Begem nostrum; 

Sit tota vktorla, 

Oomea et gloria, 

Salvum Jam faclto, 

Tu Pomlnum. 

" Exurgat Dominua ; 

Rebellai diaalpet, 

Et reprimat; 

Dolot coofttodlto ; 

Fraudes depelllto ; 

In ib alt alt* epee ; 

01 Salva Kos.'' 

On the opposite page is an English version, 
but it is merely a literal translation of the 
Latin, and in prose. There is nothing to 
indicate any connection with the stanzas 
in Harmonia Anglicana. Mr. Cummings ob- 
serves that :— 

11 the words of the Latin Choroe are bo evidently In- 
tended tor tbe tone of our National Anthem, that they 
aeem to aome extent to rapport tbe notion that the 
Anthem might have been suing during the reign of 
Jaroea II," 

We are of opinion that Mr. Cummings might 
justly have spoken still more decidedly, and 
that his fortunate discovery of the Latin 
chorus has restored to us the original text of 
the hymn sung in 1688. 

3. On the 28th Sept,, 1745, twelve days 
after the proclamation of the Pretender at 
Edinburgh, "God save the King" was sung 



438 



GOD SAVE THE KING 



at Drury Lane Theatre, with harmonies and 
accompaniments by Dr. Awe. The words of 
the first threo lines appear thus in Ante's 

autograph wore : — 

" Ood bless our nolle King, 
God uts great George out King, 
God save the King." 

and B. Victor in a letter to Garrick quotes the 
beginning of the 2nd Terse thus :— 
•> O Lord oar Ood arise ! 
Confound the enemies 
Of George ovr Klngl" 

The performance was received with tumultuous 
applause, and the example of Drury Lane was 
soon followed by Goodman's Fields and Covent 
Garden. 

1. In Oct,, 1745, the music and wordB were 
printed in the Gentleman') Magazine " as suns 
nt both playhouses,'' with the addition of a 3rd 
verse:-— 

" Thy choicest gifts In (tore 
On George be pleased to pour, 

long may be reign j 

May ne defend onr laws, 

And ever give ua cause, 

To say with heart and voice 

God turn the King." 

The 1st and 2nd verses are exactly as in Ear- 
mania Anglieana, with the exception of v. 1, 
1. 1, which is changed to "God save great 
George our King"; and of v. %, L 6, where 
"we fix" is substituted for "are fixed,'* Btill 
Carey's name was never mentioned in connec- 
tion with either tune or words, and when Ame 
was subsequently questioned on the subject, 
hs replied : — 

" He had not the least knowledge, nor ©raid he gue*> 
at all who was either the author or composer, but that it 
was a received opinion that It was written for the Catholk 
Chape! of James II." 

About the some time, a new odition of The- 
taurtu JtfumotM was iesued, with a second 
volume added. Here the heading is, " A 
Loyal Song, Sung at the Theatres Royal, for 
two Voices"; the melody appears in almost 
ils present shape ; and the words are slightly 
changed as follows : — 

St. 1. 1. 1, "God aave great George ear King," 

as in the Gentleman'* Magazine. 
St. 11. 1. 2, Scatter onr enemies. 
St. 11. 11. a, 1, On t&se our hopes uwjtei 
God save us all. 

Then follows the additional stanza as in the 
Gentleman' t Magazine, but with the 6th line 
thus ; — 

"With Heart and Voico to sing." 

This curious alteration is probably due to (he 
engraver, but the examples given above show 
the manner in which the words were adapted 
to the circumstances of the lime. It is also 
worthy of remark that while in the later edi- 
tion of Themuna Mnxitnt* the words and 
melody were both revised, the index retains 
the first lino as in Harmonia Anglieana, " God 
wave our Lord the King." 

The air now rapidly increased in popularity, 
and after a time took its present position as 
the National Anthem of England. 

5. It was not until 1795 that the authorship 
was claimed for Cerey by his youngest son, 
George Saville Carey, avowedly with the object 
Off obtaining a pension as a reward for the 
public service rendered by his father in writing 
the "Loyal Song." George Carey, in his ac- 
count of the matter in 1799, quotes "God 



GOD SAVE THE KING 

save the King," in 4 stanzas, of which the 8rd 
is that given in the Gentleman's Magazine, and 
the 4th is:— 

" Long gnat that Marshal Wads 
Mar ay thy mighty aid, 

Victory bring « 
Mar be sedition hntb, 
And like a torrent ruin. 
Rebellious Scots to crush i 
God save the King." 

It need hardly be added that neither this 
stanza nor the 3rd could have been by Carey, 
who was dead when the Scottish rebellion 
broke out George Girey, who was an infant 
at the time of his father's death, could have 
had no personal knowledge of the matter, but 
he states that he hod often heard Mr. Pearce 
Galliard, a friend of his father, assert that the 
latter was the author of " God save the King," 
and, what is more important, he quotes a letter 
from Dr. Harington to himself stating that 
Mr. J. C. Smith (Handel's well-known enuv 
nuensis) : — 

" has often told me that your father came to htm with 
the words and mwic, desiring nun to correct tbe bass, 
which Mr. Statth told him was not proper, and at your 
father's request he wrote down another in correct har- 
mony. Mr. Smith, to whom I read your letter again, 
this day repeated the same again." 

The date of this letter is June 13, 179a, not 
long after which Smith died, oged S3. Dr. 
Harington adds ; — 

"My curiosity was often raised to enquire afterthe 
author belbro Mr. Smith related the above, and I was 
often misinformed. Mr. Smith says ho understood your 
father intended this as part of a birthday Ode, or some- 
thing of tliat kind." 

Here Mr. Cummings's discovery of the " Latin 
Chorus" sssumesaspecialimportance. Either 
the two English stanzas of 1743-4 are trans- 
lated from the Latin, or the Latin from them. 
The latter alternative is almost inconceivable. 
It is impossible to imagine thata Latin version 
was made for Travors's concert, or if it had 
been made, why the English stanzas, if then 
already published, were not printed on the 
opposite page instead of a prose translation. 
Traverses organist of tho Chapel Royal, was 
exactly in the position to become possessed of 
a us. from the Chapel of James II. He might, 
perhaps, not have known its origin, but, if he 
had, lie would assuredly have kept the know- 
ledge to himself, when employing the Jacobite 
hymn as tho concluding piece of his concert, 
immediately following his new Ode for the 
birthday (Nov. 19, 17-13) of the Princess of 
Wales. If this be so, it is difficult to doubt 
tliat the "Latin Chorus" represents the occa- 
sional hymn of 1688, and thus justifies the 
opinion expressed by Dr. Ame, probably in 
accordance with a tradition to that effect 
If some copies of the anthem were preserved, 
one was not unlikely to have descended to 
Travers, and anotlier to Iiavc been seen by 
Carey, who translated tbe Latin words into 
English. If then, along with the words Carey 
obtained the melody only, he would have to 
put a bass to it, which agrees with the account 
given by J. C. Smith. Mr. Cummings remarks 
that the boss of the song in Harmonia Angli- 
eana is not worthy of Smith, who whs en ex- 
cellent musician, but we liave no menus of 
knowing whoso the bass printed in 1713 
really is. It may indeed be that by Carey 
himself which he took to Smith for correc- 
tion. If, then, Camy's share in tho National 



GOD BAVE THE KING 

Anthem is confined to the English translation 
of the Latin, and that, perhaps, only partially, 
it in easy to see why he never claimed ihe song 
as his own, and why his name wag never pub- 
licly connected with it until many years after- 
waras. As to the melody, Carey must in this 
ease hare obtained it with the Latin words, 
in the same form, or in one similar to it, as 
that printed in 1743, and its immediate author- 
ship must once more be restored to the domain 
of speculation. 

6. The likeness of the Anthem to such 
pieces as " Eemember, thou man," is of no 
critical importance. In the compositions of 
the 16th and early part of the 17th century, 
we find the same or similar stock phrases con- 
tinually recurring. Ingenuity of harmony 
was at that time more thought of than origi- 
nality of melody ; but, as Mr. Cummings points 
out, the similarity between "God save the 
King " and Ball's " Ayre " (composed loiihout 
a title and without word*) extends also to its 
peculiar rhythm, and could hardly have been 
incidental. The " Ayre," no doubt, is in the 
minor mode, but this is in no way inconsistent 
with its being the batit on which " God save 
the King" was constructed. 

7. An argument adduced in support of the 
claim for the song to a Jwdbit* origin, is 
the former existence at Fingask Castle of an 
old drinking cup on which was inscribed the 
following stanzas : — 

" God wve the Xing-, I priy, 
God htea* the King, I pray, 

God ssve the King. 
Send him victorious, 
Hippy lud glarkms, 
Boon to reign over m, 

Sod »ve the King. 

" God blew the Prince of Wiles, 
Tbe true-bom Prince of Wiles, 

Sent us by Thee. 
Grunt us one favour more. 
The King for to restore, 
Aa Thou hut done before, 

The Famille. Amen." 

It is hardly necessary to point out that an in- 
scription of this kind, undated and unauthen- 
ticated, is usually worthless as evidence, but 
in the present instance the references to the 
King's restoration and to the fn«e-5or» Prince 
of Wales show that it must have been written 
before the death of James II. hi 1701, after 
which there wus no titular Prince of Wales 
until the birth of Charles Edward, in 1720. 
It has also been remarked that the somewhat 
peculiar expression "Send him victorious" is 
more applicable to the Stuart than to the 
Hanoverian family. These stanzas may then 
he considered as one of those adaptations of 
the original to special circumstances, of which 
many examples exist. It is to bo observed 
that the verses iu Rarmonia Anglteana which 
otherwise conform closely to the "Latin 
Chorus," also contain the word "send," for 
which there is no correlative in the latter. 
This may be'takon to show that Carey was 
acquainted with the old Jacobite paraphrase 
and borrowed from it part of the 1st stanza, 
with the word "soon" in 1. 6, changed to 
" long." Another indication that the English 
Btansas are translated from the Latin, is found 
in st ii., 1. 6, where, while "In Te" is, in 
accordance with the circumstances of the case, 
tendered by "On him," the third person, in 



GOD HAVE THE KING 489 

which the verb " sita est " is written! i» copied 
so literally as to involve an imperfect rhyme, 
"are fix'd," corrected in 1745 to " we fix/ 

Our want of knowledge of the exact date of 
the publication of Rarmonia Anglteana leaves 
it uncertain whether " God save the King " 
appeared in it in Carey's lifetime or after his 
death, which occurred in Got, 1743 ; but the 
apparent ignorance of the English words on 
the part of Travers may incline us to believe 
they had not been printed when his concert 
was given. 

iii. Conclusion. — The view of the case, of 
which the above is a sketch, reconciles many 
discrepancies, and on the whole it now seems 
more than probable that the occasional hymn 
or anthem, of which somo tradition reached 
Ante and others, was really produced in 1688 ; 
tliat the composer may have been acquainted 
with Bull's " Ayre," and founded his melody 
upon it ; that some copies of the anthem were 
current among the Jacobites, and that one 
imitation of it, at least, was made by them in 
English before tlio end of the 17th cent. ; that 
the anthem became known to Carey about 
1740, when he translated it (making somo use, 
however, of the old adaptation); that he sang 
it in public, hut never claimed it as an original 
composition; that about tile same time he 
showed it to J. C. Smith; that another copy 
of tbe so-called anthem fell' into the hands of 
Travers; and that almost immediately after- 
wards, through its performance at the theatres, 
"Cod save tbe King" attained the popularity 
.which it has maintained to the present day. 

iv. Imitation* of the Anthem. — About 1706 
tbe melody of "God save the King" became 
known on the Continent, It was set in Den- 
mark as a national air to the words " Heil dir 
dem liebenden," a song in 8 et, written for tlie 
birthdayof Christian VH. (a brother-in-law of 
George in. of England), by Heinrich Harries, 
editor of the Flentourger WocJienblatt, where it 
was pub. Jan. 27, 1790. Passing into Berlin, 
the words, recast by Ballhasar Gerhard Schu- 
macher, and beginning " Heil Dir, itn Sieger- 
krantz," appeared in the Spenertch* Zeitung, 
Dec. 17, 1788, and, with the tune, were after- 
wards adopted as the national air, first of 
Prussia, then of Saxony, and some other North 
German States. [For fuller details see the 
papers by Mr, Cummings referred to above, to 
which the present article is much indebted ; to 
Grove's IHet. of Mime; and to Chappell's 
Popular JUiMfcl 

2. A successful and popular imitation of 
the National Anthem is : — 

" God blew our nitlve bind t 

firm miy she ever stind, 

Through storm sod nlftbt j " 

which is iu use in America. Enll details of 

the composition of this hymn are given at 

p, 1566, i. 

3. In 1828 an imitation appeared in W, W. 
Hull's OoU. of Praytrtfor Roueehold TJte,with 
a few Hyt. and other Poena, p. 121 ; — 

" God uve our King ! O shed 
Alt blessings o'er his hud 1 < 

Gomfart file beirtl" 
This was repeated in Hull's CoU., 1833, 
and in 1863 it was given in Kennedy as: — 
"Lorn" God, to Thee we prsy; 
Sits our Queen I btega her sw*7 
Over our brad.'' 



440 



GO© THAT MADEST 



4. In the Havergal Life Echoes, 1B83, there 
1b a version of like Anthem adapted ft* the 
Marriage of the Prince of Wales, March 10, 
1863, the adaptation beginning with st ii., 
"Gml save the Prince of Wales." It is en- 
titled " A New National Bridal Hymn." 
Another arrangement of the Anthem is In the 
same work, p. 140. 

E. Numerous imitations of the metre of this 
Anthem are found in the hymn-books both 
old and new, one of the oldest being : — 

*• Com*. Thou Almighty King, 
Help ua Thy praise to ting, 
Help m to prafae ! " 

the somewhat complicated history of which 
will be found under it* first line. J.Marriott's 
" Thou "Whose Almighty word," is another 
successful instance of the adaptation of the 
metro to sacred purposes. 

6. During the Jubilee year, 1887, numerous 
alterations of the National Anthem, and 
additions thereto, were made to adapt it for 
the occasion. These alterations and additions 
from their special character cannot become 
permanent parts of the Anthem. Several 
hymns in the same metre, and others in 
varying metres, were also published ; but the 
interest of these is mainly historical. (Bee 
Varioua.) [G. A. C] 

God that [Who] madest earth, and 
heaven, [Evening.] This hymn is given in 
the collections in various forms as follows : — 

1. The original In oat Mania, This wae let pull. In 
Bp. Heber'a posthumous ngaHu, ke„ isST, p. tit. 

5. The aune with the addition of the etania, "Guard 
no waking, guard ua akeplng." Tbli atoms is by Arch- 
blabop- Whately, and la a free rendering of the ancient 
CmnjftinB AnUpbon, "Salva uoe, Domtne, vigUantea, 
cnstodl noa durmtentea, nt vlgHemna In Chruto, et 
requleecamua In pace." It la found in T. Darllng'a 
Jfymne, he., IBofl, 2fo. 8, aa at. 11. of the hymn, and 
waa appended to tbe Arcbblabop'a Lecture* tnv Prayer, 
1800. Tbeae two aUniag conatltnte tbe hymn In Ita 
moat popular form, and an lb nee in all English speak- 
ing countries, Bometunea aa, "0oduhomade&t,"£c., aa 
iaff.A.S Jt„ lasi-Ve. A rendering of tbeae ataniaa 
Into latin, aa "Dew, terras qnl poloaque," la given In 
B. Iungham'e Hyrnno. Chrtit. Latina, 1STI, p. 116. 

a. Tbeae two atanaaa and a dosolocy by T. Darling 
fn bis Hgwuu, tec., 196S, No. 8. This was repeated 
with alterations In the doxology In the SaHibvry H. 
Bk., IMS i In the Ebt. F. pott's Bymtu, &c, mi, and 
other hymn-booke. 

4, In the Oxford ed.. of Mercer*g Ck. Ptalt&r A S. Bk., 
1M4, No. IS, tbete ia the following arrangement: 1. 
" God, that nudeat," &c. (B6ber)s H. "And when morn 
again shall call ua " (JfcreerV In. " Guard ua waking/' 
*c(H'aat«ly)j Iv, "Holy Father, throned In heaven" 
(Mercer). Tola la repeated In Brown-Borthwicka Select 
Tfmtu/or Ch. A Same, mi-SO, with a ttaoapodtlou 

rat. 11. and ill., much to tbe advantage of the hymn. 

t. In Major'a Book o/ praite, 18*8, No. Ml, la Mtr- 
eer!a arrangement without the doxology. 

All these oentos are in C. 17. in O. Britain, 
America, and the colonies. Bee p. 1S80, i. 

[J. J.] 

God the all-terrible! King, Who 
ordainest B.F.Chorley. [In Time of War.] 
Written for a Russian air, and printed, in 4 Bt 
of 4 1., in Hullab's Pari Music, 18*2. It is 
given in several collections either in its ori- 
ginal or in a slightly altered form, as in 
Thring'B Colt, 1882, &c. In the Universal H. 
Bk., 1885, No. 892, st. i--iii of this text, some- 
what altered, are given as, " God, lord of 
Pabaoth I King Who ordainest" In Stryker's 
Christian Chorale, New York, 1885, it begins, 
" O GtW, all terrible," and in the American 
Ht/s. of the Spirit, Boston, 186*. No. 262, St. 



Of Bt 



GOD THE LORD A KIND 

ii.-iv. are given in an altered form as, " God, 
the Omnipotent! Mighty Avenger." 

During the Franco-German war, on the 28th 
Aug., 1870, the Bev. J. Ellerton wrote an imi- 
tation of this hymn, beginning, "God the 
Almighty One, wisely ordaining." It was pub. 
in the Bev. B. Brown-Borthwick's Select 
Hymn* for Oh. A Mime, 1871, No. 84, in 4 st 
of 4 1. In 1871 a cento from these two hymns 
was given in the 8. P. C. K. Clmrch Hys., No. 
262, of which st i.-iii. are from Charley's 
hymn, and st iv.-vt are Bt ii.-iv. from that 
by Mr. Ellerton. [J. JJ 

God the Creator bless'd. J. Mont- 
gomery, (Sunday.'] Written in May, 1838, 
and pub. m a small pamphlet entitled, A iffes- 
mgc from the Moon, and Other Poems. [1838.] 
In 1839 it was also given in Votive Offerings ; 
or a Help to Stannington Chard).. This was a 
small volume, and was sold for the benefit 
of the funds of Stannington Church, near 
Sheffield. In 1858 the hymn, somewhat al- 
tered (et hi., 1. 2, " Christian Day," for " Chris- 
tian's Day," 1. 3, " where (met . .) " for " when 
met . .," Bt. iv. 1. 1, " The Churoh oetoio hath 
bless'd," for " The Church hath ever bless'd ") 
was given in Montgomery's Original Hymn*, 
No. 11, in 6 st of 6 L, and entitled "The 
Sabbath." It is in several modem American 
hymn-books, but is almost unknown to the 
collections in G. Britain. [J. J.] 

God the Father, God the Son, Holy 
Spirit, Three in one. G. Thring. [Close 
of Evening Service.'] Written in 1871 and 1st 
pub. in Preb. Button's Supplement, Lincoln, 
1871, No. 278, in 4 st of 81. In 1872 it was 
repeated in H. H. Pierson's Hymn Tunes, No. 
23, with a special tune by Pierson. Subse. 
qnently it was included in tlie author's Hy*. 
and Sacred Lyric*, 1874, p. 184; and in his 
Coll., 1882, No. 94. It is also found in several 
other collections. [J. J.) 

God the Father, Whose creation. 
7, M. Nealc. [Harvest.'} Pub. in the Appen- 
dix to the H. Noted, 2nd ed., 1864 ; and 
Fin the author's posthumous Original 
nee*. Hymn*, &c., 1806, p. 69, in 6 st. of 
It has since appeared in the Appendix 
toH. A. A iff., 1868 ; People's H., 1867 ; and 
several other collections. [J. J.] 

God the heavens aloud proclaim. J. 
Merrick. [F*. xix'.] 1st pub. in his Psalm* 
Tr. and Paraphrased in English Verse, 1765, 
and repeated in W. D. Tattersall's rearranged 
ed. of the same, 1797. As a complete version 
of Ps. ix. it is not in C. U. A cento composed 
of st iv., xtL, xviii., xix., from Tattersall's 
arrangement, is in several American collections, 
including The Springfield CoU., 1835: the 
Unitarian Hy. [d Tune] Bk., Boston, 1868, and 
several other hymn-books. It begins, " Blest 
Instructor, from Thy ways." This psalm ver- 
sion by Merrick as rewritten by Miss Auber 
in her Spirit of the Psalms, 1829, is given in 
Dale's English H. Bk., 1874, as "Heavenly 
Teacher, from Tiiy ways." [J. J.] 

God the Lord a king remaineth J 
KebU. [Pe.xeiii.] 1st pub. in his Psalter; 
or. Psalms of David, 1839, p. 241, in 5 st of 
6 1. It was given in the Sarum Hyl, 1868, 
Kennedy, 1863, and in several Fnblie School 



GOD THE LOttD, H( 

Mtfeotions, but its use is not equal to it* Merits. 
It is one of Keble'e finest renderings of the 
Psalms, [Bee PsslUrs, XagUah, § xvtn.] 

if. J.] 
God the Lord, in mercy bending; 
tHety Cbmonmion.] This hymn is ft tr. bv 
Dr. B. F. Littledale of a cento from the Greek 
Liturgies of 88. James And Hark, made for 
and 1st pub. in the People'* A, 1867, No. 170, 
in £ st of 6 1. It is an " Invocation of the 
Holy Ghost, before the Consecration." The 
Greek begins, 'EA^ror V«> 4 Qtit. [J. J.] 

God, the omnipresent God. C. Wet- 
ley. [Pt. stirs'.] 1st pub. in Hymns occasioned 
(y tfc ^rtagwafee, Match 8, 1750, .Condon. 
Printedin the year mdccl. It kin 12 at, of 8L 
(P. Forks, 1868-72, vol. viii. p. 106). In ita 
fall form it is unknown to the collections, but 
st iv, t., are given in the Bapl Pt. 4 Hyt., 
1858, as No. 062; the Irvingite flus, for 
the F«o/tt«CfturpA«,2nded.l871,No. 229, 
Ac, as "From the throne of God there springs." 

God, "Who didst so dearly buy. C. 
fTesley. [Praise desired o/ ifattetter*.] There 
are two centos beginning with this first line as 

follows : — 

l. In the 1st ed. of the Wet. B. Bk,, 11W, No. 488, 
and Inter edition* tolSftii end alio In other Methodist 
collections, the cento la compiled from C, Wesley's Start 
Btm.ni, fee, VltO, as follows: it. L, So. 6M; St. 1L, 
Ho. 8SS j st. W., It., No. 881. 

a. The second cento li No. 411, In the revised ed., 
Wts. fl. Bk., MIS, and it thus composed : St. 1., the St. 1. 
as abort j St. 11. tram C. Wesley's Sri, for tSe Utt ef 
PamMitt, 1JST, No. 38, at. 1. (P. Workt, 1888-li). 

[J.JJ 

God's holy law tnuugressed. S. Bed- 
dome. [Hope in the QotpeL] Appeared in B. 
Hall's ed. of Beddome's (posthumous) Hymn*, 
4©., ie]7,No.S62, in* si of 41., and entitled, 
"Hone alone from the Gospel." Its nee in G. 
Britain is limited, but in America it is exten- 
sive ; but in most oases either abbreviated or 
altered. Grig, text in the .Hymnal o/ theMeth. 
JftrfKO. Chwrch, 1878, No. 314, with " Con- 
vinced of guilt," **-i &* "Burdened with 
guilt," 4c, 5ist.il. 8. [J. J.] 

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, s. of 
Johann Caspar Goethe, a lawyer at Frankf art- 
am-How ; was b. at Frankfurt Aug. 28, 1749, 
and d. at Weimar, March 22, 1832. The 
greatest German poet of his day, and one of 
the most famous literary men of his own or 
any age, his sympathies were Classical rather 
than distinctively Christian ; and as he him- 
self said (Conversations with Eckennann, Jan- 
uary 4, 1827), he wrote no poems suited for 
use in public worship, 

A few pieces, principally ftom his well-known dra- 
matic poem of ifetuf (pt. I. 1806 ; pt. tL pub. post- 
humously, 1833), are found undsr his name In one or 
two Unltsrian hymn-books. Good trt. of both pens 
of Fbtut have been pub. by Dr. John Anster, Bayard 
Taylor, Sir Theodore Martin, and others; while ■ very 
large number of other persons have pub. trt. at the first 
part. No attempt has accordingly been made to notke 
any trt. except those In the hymn-books. 

1. Pre* Fbuit,pt. {., 1808, 

1. Christ iat ersUBdenl Fund* dem Bteibluhea. 

Xatttt. The chorus of angels on Easter Day, TV. as 

"Christ has arisen I Joy to our burled Head," by Dr. 

F.H. Hedge, In his amp. (o Hyt.fvrtht Ck.ofC!trUt, 

Boston, B.8., iSo3, So, 836. A free verskm Is also 
noted under A. 0. One, No. 4. 
if. Die Bonne toat oath altsr Walts. Praiet. The 



GOODE, WILLIAM 



441 



dong of the three Archangels in Ibe Prologue in Heaven. 
IV. as " TIM sun Is still lor ever sounding," by Or. P. S. 
Bitfe, as above, WSS, No. 1M. 

HL Terlasssa hah i»h Fsld nnd Ansa. Jfwjrfsjr. 
Fanat'8 Soliloquy on entering bis study wttb the dot 
n-. as "O'er sUent field and lonely lawn," as Ho. 11 & 
W. J. Fox's B. * AKiiemt, 1841, repeated In English 
and American Unitarian collections. 

II. MitctUaiueut. 
tv. Sss Inm Vandala. Written for the Free- 
masons' Lodge at Weunar, of which he became a member 
In 1T30, and Included In hli H'o-Jbe, 1838, vol ill. p. tl, 
enililed"Symbolum." IV. as "The Masons ways an 
A type of Existence," by T. Cirtyle, In bis Pott and 
Pratmt, 1843, p, 318. Included,b^nnhlg_"Tuefutnre 
hides In tt » (St. IL), »» No, SM In Dr. {ledge's (UL, 
Uts, as above. 

Two pieces are also found in collections 
under hu name, Tia. : — 

1. Without feasts! withsot rest, fn flirt, o/ (kt Apt, 
Boston, U-EL, 3rd Bar., 188S, p. 18, and lepested as 
"Without basts and without rest," in SWpftrt Breaker's 
ChritHm Bgt.,lMl,kc, It la suggested by " Wle das 
Gestern Ohne Hast, Aeer Obne Rest, Dnhe sicb Jeder. 
Dm die signs Last," In Goethe's Zasau Jettim, and 
8er„ W» Jwtrki, 1818,111. p. Mi). 

t. Beat is net qnttttnf Ik* busy oatssr. (Sat.) 
Ihla Is part of a piece btsjnnlng " Sweet Is the pleasure 
Itself cannot spou." No. 883 In Dr. Hedge's Orfc. ISts, 
at above, marked as by " J. 8. Dwlgbt. There does 
not appear to be any equivalent poem In Goethe's Werfts. 

[J. MJ 

Goffe, ISisa Fanny. [Xtnia, s, j.] 

Golden harps are aonndlns. Franeet 
B. Havergal. [jlscewt'oo.] Written at Ferry 
Ban, Dec, 1871, under the following curcum- 
. stances : — 

"When visiting at Pern Barr.F. E.H, walked to 
the boys' schoolroom, and being very tired She leaned 
agalost the play-giound wall, while Mr. Snepp [editor of 
8. of Orsce (t Glory, 18131 went in. Returning In ten 
minutes he found her scribbling on sn old envelops. At 
his request She gave htm the hymn just pencilled, 
* Golden harps,* ac- Her popular tune Jfcrmat was 
composed for this hymn. Jftt-mtu was the tune she 
sang, as 'thepsarlygatesopened'forber.JuneS, 18T8." 
[bxv. Has.] 

The use of this "Ascension Hymn for Chil- 
dren," in G. Britain is limited, but in America 
it has attained to great popularity. It was 
pub. in the Day Spring Magazine, and the 
Day of Dayt, May, 1872 ; in Under the Sur- 
face, 1874, and in lAfe Motaie, 1679. [J. J.] 

Good is the Lord [oar] the heavenly 
King. I. Walt*. \Vt. Ixv.-^SpHng^ 1st 
pub. in Mb Ptalna of David, &c, 1719, in 

ti et. of 4 1. and entitled, " The Blessings of 
Spring ; or, God give* Bain." It is found in 
several modern hymn-books, and sometimes 
abbreviated as in the Nete Cong^ 18S9. 
Another hymn beginning, ** Good is the Lord, 
our heavenly King," appeared in Bickerstetli's 
ChrUtian Ptalmody, 1833, No. 408, with the as- 
cription to " rFiiKe " in the Index. The first 
stanza is st i. of this version of Fs. 1st., with 
our for the ; the remaining three, each begin- 
ning, " Good is the Lord," are by another hand, 

[J. J.] 
Goods, William, m.a., b. in Bucking- 
ham, April 2, 1762, and received his early 
education, flTst in that town, and then under 
the care of the Bev. T. Bull, a Dissenting 
minister, at Newport Pagnel. Having a strong 
inclination for Holy Orders, he left the business 
in which he was engaged with his rather, and, 
in 1780, entered Magdalen Hall, Oxford, whore 
he graduated b.a. in 1784, and m.a., 1787. On 
taking Holy Orders in 1786, he became curate 
of Abbots Longley, Herts; then of St, Ann's, 



44-2 GOOSTLY PSALMBS AND 

Blaokfriars, and subsequently rector of the 
tatter parish, adding thereto one or two lecture- 
ships. Ho d. April 15, 1816. Mr. Goode's 
interest in foreign mission work was very 
earnest, and took a practical turn in assisting 
to found the Church Missionary Society. His 
prose works include Sermon*, 1812 : and -Essays 
on all the Scriptural Name* and Titles of Chritt, 
&c, which were reprinted from the VhrUtian 
Guardian, 1813-J81B. His Worlct, together 
with a Memoir, were pub. in 1822 (6 vols.), 
and edited by his son. His version of the 
Psalms was pub. as : — 

An Entire New Venton of the Boole of Palms, in 
uhich on attempt it mode to oaxmnwdote Oust to the 
uorthip of (he Chrittian Church, in a variety of tuea- 
turti nou* in general use, with original Preface and 
liottt, critical and explanatory, By the Rev. IViUiem 
Goode, M.A., Rector of St. Andrew, Wardrobe^ and St. 
Ann, BtacJefriarn Lecturer of St. JWtn of Mapping; 
and Lady Camden** Taetday Evening Lecturer at the 
Church hf St. /iterance, Jewry. In two wlima. 
London : printed far the Author by W. WUton . . . and 
told by Rieingtoni, be., 1811. 2nd od., 1813) Srdsd., 

ISIS. 

Pratt, in 1829; Biekereteth, in 1833; and 
Kemble in 1853, made extensive use of this 
version of the Psalms, the latter including 
nearly fifty pieces in his Coll. Most of these 
have fallen out of use, one only being retained 
in Kemblo's New Church H. Bk., 1873. In 
modem hymnals in G. Britain and America 
about twenty of Goode's versions are still in 
C. U. These include, " Jesus, with Thy salva- 
tion blest " ; " Lord, I delight to find my 
place"; "Thou gracious God and kind"; 
"With songs of grateful praise," &o. [See 
Fulttn, English, § xvi.] The following are 
still in 0. U.:~ 

1, Crown Hlsheadwlthendless blessing. Pi.c%eiii. 

3. Far as tbe Isles extend. Pt. Ixxii. 

3. How blast are they whose faearta- sincere. Pt. 
cxix. 

4. How bleat tbe man with mercy crowned. Pt. 
xtaiL 

5. If tbe Lord had not beard, may Israel now say, 
Ft. caio. 

6. Jean*, wttb Thy aalvatlon blest. Ft. me. 

J. Let Thy grace, Lord, nuke me [us] lowly. Pi. 
exxxi. 

& Lo In Gethaemaae'g dark shade. Pi, tuxeiii, 
9. Lo, tbe mighty Sod appearing. Pi. I. 

10. Lord, I delight to find my place. Pi zztti. 

11. Lord of mercy, Just and kind. Pt. xiii. 

II. Lord.T*yCliurchbeth6een'.rheeriee. Pt.lxoffl. 

13. New let our Benin arise. Pt. xcvi. 

14. my God, by Thee forsaken. Pt. riti. 

15. Prepare a new eong Jehovah to praise. Pt. wttix. 
IS. Songe anew of turnout fuming. Ft. xceiii. 

11. Thou gracious God and kind. Pi. Ixxix. 

18. Though sinners boldly Join. Pi. ii. 

18. Wlthsongsof grateful praise. Ft. cvii. rj. J1 

Goostly Psalmes and Spiritualle 
Songes, by Mike Coverdale. Written by 
Bishop Covertlalc, tlie great translator of the 
Bible. Of this work an unique copy is at 
Queen's Coll., Oxford. In the 2nd edition of 
Foxo's Acts end Monuments it is quoted 
among a list of books prohibited in 1539. In 
subsequent editions this list is withdrawn. 
Townseud's edition of Foxe restores it under 
tho date of 1543, on the authority of Bonner's 
Register {Academy, June 28, 1884, Letter of 
Dr. A. F. Mitchell). A reprint of the book, 
without the tunes, has been published in 
CoverdWsBenuif«*,1846(Parker8oc.). The 
Preface, in describing the motives thai pro- 
duced it, echoes the commonplace so frequent 
smong translators of the Psalms. "Would 
God , . . our carters and ploughmen (had none) 



GOOSTLY PSALMBS AND 

other thing to whistle upon save psalms . . , 
and if women . . . spinning at the wheels had 
none other songs . . . they should be better 
occupied than with hey nony nony, hey troly 
loly. The Spiritual Bongs are paraphrases of 
the "Ten Commandments," "Creed?' "Pater 
Noster," "Media Vita," "Gloria in Ex- 
celsis." "Magnificat," "Nunc Dimittis," 
" ClirUte Qui Lux," " Vepi Creator " (8), and 
twelve hymns. There ore also fifteen render- 
ings of psalms, two of them being duplicates. 
It is extremely probable that the whole book 
is translated from German originals. All the 
hymns and psalm-renderings save five have 
been identified by Mr. Mearus as German. It 
is thus a witness to the impression which the 
hymns and psalms of Germany made on the 
early Gospellers. [fsalten, English, § v.; 
English Brmnodr, Early, IV.] [H. L. B.] 

The following is a list of contents, the first 
lines of the German being given where the 
hymn is a translation • — 



10. 



11. 

13. 



14. 



1«. 



Holy Spirite out oomforioure." 
Come, holy Sprite, most blessed Lords." 

Komm beiuger Gelst, Hern Gott ! 
Thou holy Sprite, we pray to the." 

JSun bitten wlr den helligen Geist. 
" God tbe Father, dwell us by." 

Gott der Vater wohn uns hei. 
These are tbe holy commaundements ten." 

Dies slnd die heilgen »bn Gebot. 
Man, wytt thon ly ve vertuously." 

Menach willt du leben sellgtlch. 
We beta's all upon ojw God. 

WEr glauben all an einen Gott, Scbupfef . 
In God 1 trust, for so imust." 

In Gott gelaub ich das er bat. 
t> Father ours celestial]." 

Act Vater unaer, der du hist. 
Oonre Father celeatlall." 

Vafer uneer, der dn bist. 
Be glad now, all ye christen men." 

Nuu frent euch Uebeu duiatengemeln. 
Now Is oure health come from above." 

Es 1st das Hell una kommen her. 
Christ is tlie only Sonne of God." 

Hen Christ der elnig Gottes Sohn. 
In the myddest of our tyvynge." 

Mitten wlr Im Leben slnd. 
By Adam's fall was so forlorne." 

Durch Adam's Fall tut ganx verderbt. 
Wake up, wake up, iu God's name." 

Wadi auf In Gottes Name. 

1 call on the, Lorde, Jesn Christ." 

Ich ruf zu dir Herr Jeeu Christ. 
Now blessed be thou, Christ Jeeu." 

Gelobet seist du Jeeu Christ. 
Chrlste Is now rysen agayne." 

Christ 1st erstanden, von der Marter alle, 
Christ dyed and aum-ed great payne." 

Christ lag In Todosbanden. 
To God tbe hyghest be glory always." 

Allein Gott in der Holi sey Ehr. 
My soul doth magnyflc the Lorde," 

Mcin Heel erhebt den Herren mein. 
With peace and with Joyfull gladne&se, 1 

Mlt Fried und Freud ich fahr dahin. 
Helps now, O I^orde, and loke on us/' 

Ach Gott vom Hlrnmel aieh dareln. 
Weriore do the heltben now rage thus." 
Oure God Is a dsfence and towre." 

Eln' feate Burg 1st unser Gott (partly) 
Except the Loide had bene with us." 

Wo der Herre nicbt bei una war*. 
At the ry vers of Babllon." 

An Wasssriluesen Babylon. 
Blessed ate all that feare tbe Lorde." 

Wohl dem, der In Gottes Forcht etebt. 
Blessed are all that feare the Lords." 

Wobl dem, der in Gottes Fnrcbt stebt, 
liorde God; have merty on me," 

O Herre Gott begnade mtoh. 
O God, bo mercyfuiV to me." 

Erbarm dlch mein, Herre Gott. 
Out of the depe crye 1 to the." 

Aus tiefer Notii acbiei Ich cu <Ur. 



GOSPELS, HYMNB ON THE 

34. " I lyft my wmle, Lords, up to the." 
Von alien. Menschen abgewandi 

M. " God be mercyfnll uiito us. 

Be wollt ih Gott genildlg sein. 

3*. " The foolish wicked men can My«." 

Eg eprtoht der Unweben Mnnd <woU, 

ST. "Prayae thou Ibe Lorde, HleruseM." 

3». " Behold and «e, lorget not this." 

39. «0 Christ, that art thalyght and daye." 

Chrtate, dn Met Llcfat und d«r Tsg. 

40. » beveuly Lorde, thy godly worde." 

Heme Gott, deln guttlich Wort. 

41. "Letgotbewhoreof BabOon." 

Notes on the whole of these German hymns will tie 
found throughout thli Dictionary either under their 
lint linn or by references from these, v» In the 
following cases, where note* will be found under 
KathonT una, viz. :— Ho. 9, under MrOxmu*: Hoe. 8, 
12, under fyerattuj No. 13, under Crveieetj Ho. IB, 
under Spau/teri Has. l«,ai,undrt«K*«;Ho.lI,utldet 
Affricate i Ho. 22, under Pollio t Ho, £8, under JToea- 
itefn: Ho. 31, under GrtUter; Ho. 33, under flqwjiwott ; 
Ho. 34, tinder Xti^fken, Ho, 39 li from " Christ* qui 
but es et dice," a* «r. in the jKifca ff. *., 1630. 

In an tnterettlng letter to the Aeaaeuy of June OS, 
ISM, on "CBwrdBlrt ^pfrOuuJ amps," Profemor 
sfitehell, of St, Andrew'*, gives » list of first Itnee of 
their German originate, agreeing for the moat part with 
the identifications made by myself, many months 
before. The toienKa he would thua fill up : — For Ho, 1 
he auggeete "Herr Gott, dm trllw mtt gnaden lelat" 
(Wac&arwuel. Ill, p. tU, «s by Johannes Zwick); for 
Ho.3*, *Ir Helden, was tobtjr nmb tost" (WaeHtr- 
flood; 1841, Ho. Bos, aa by Joachim Aberlfn) ; lor Ho. 
31, "HSerusalem, des louen stadt" {Wbdttnugd, Hi. 
p. 61ft, from a Low German Q. B. 163S) ; for Ho. 39, 
" Nun sleh. wle teiii und Uebllch let " Vtfatkeniagd, 
ill. p. 944, aa by Conrad Huober); and for No, 41, 
"Loot Gott, Jr Christen alien" (Wacktnuwd, 1B41, 
p. «90, from a Ndmberg collection, im\ But In all 
these caees the resembtancea are very silent Indeed, and 
the earliest dates to which Hoe, 3s and 41 bare been 
traced, are respectively, IMS and 1644, [J, M.] 

Gospels, Hymns cm the. [Prayer, Book 

«f ~ 



GOTT 1ST GEGEKWilRTIG 443 



Got thi* eigenhaf 1st [Sapptieation.'] 
Quoted by Wadsernagd, ii. p. 24, from & 
Munich sib, of the 6th or 9th cent., in 2 et. of 
4 1. It is a rhymed version of one of the 
collects in the Liber gacramentorum of St. 
Gregory the Great (Opera, toI, ii., Paris, 1675, 
col. 1603), which begins " Bens, cui proprium 
est miserere semper et uarcere," and of which 
a, prose tr. is given (beginning " O God, whose 
nature and property is ever to have meucy and 
to forgive ") among the " Prayers and Thanks- 
givings, upon several occasions," in the Bk, 
o/ Com. Prayer. The only tr. from the 
German is "God, it is Thy property," by Mitt 
Winkworih, 1869, p. 29. [J. M,] 

Gott der Vater wahn uns bed. {Holy 
Trinity,'] Old Litany revised by M. Lather. 
The original of this hymn is probably of the 
15th cent, or earlier. Wackernaael, ii., No. 684, 
quotes a form dating 1422, in IS 1., banning 
" Sanctus Petrus, won uns bey." In Michael 
Vehe's GaangMehlnn, 1537 (cd. 1853, p. 57), 
it is entitled, "A Litany in the time of Pro- 
cessions upon St. Mark's Day and in Bogation 
Week"; andconsistsof 5st. of 12 1., followed 
by a series of Invocations of Patriarchs, Pro- 
phets, &c. Luther adopted sti. 11. 1-fl, rewrote 
st. i. 11. 7-12, and cut off the invocations to 
Mary, the Angels, and the Saints. His version 
appeared in the Qeyitliehe geeangk SuekUmt, 
Wittenberg, 1524, thus :— 

» Gott der ratter von uns bey 

Und lae one tucht verterb™, 

Mach uns alter snnden fnjy 

Und belff una sella; star ben. 

Fur dem teuffel una bewar, 

Hallt uns bey ftetent glauben 



Und auff dtch laa una bawen, 
Aub bertsem grund vertrawen, 
Dyr nna laasen ganti nnd gar, 
lift alien rechten Christen 
Entfllehen teufiels listen, 
Mtt waSen Gotte uns friaten. 
Amen, Amen, das sey war, 
So slngen wyr AUelula, 

3. 
" laesns Cbrlstos won una bey, fee. 

3. 
w Heyllg geyat won una bey," Ik. 

In the Erfurt Enchiridion, 1526, it bears the 
title, " The hymn ' Godt der Tatter won uns 
bey,' improved and evangelically corrected." 
In Lather's form it speedily became popular, 
and Lansmann, in Koch, viii. 102-104, relates 
many instances of its use— at weddings, by tho 
dying, in times of trouble, Sse. It is given in 
Wackernaael, iii. p. 16, as quoted above ; ih 
Bcbircks's ed. of Luther's Qeutl. Litder, 1854, 
p. 40, and in tho Unv. L. 8., 1851, No. 187. 
The In. in C. U. are :— 

1. GodthaFathtrl with u bt, Bhldd ua, *e, 
A free tr. in 5 st. of 4 1., in J. Anderson's H. 
from tht ffwwwn of Dr. M. L., 1846, p. 24 (1847, 
p. 46). From this, st. i.-iii. unaltered, and at, 
iv. altered, were adopted as No. 450 in the Leeds 
B. Bt., 1S53, and repeated in Kennedy, 1863. 

S. God the father, with ua be, And, to. In full, 
by A T, Russell, as No. 1 in the Jpp. to his Ps. 
fyHys., 1851. 

J. Oed, the Father I draw Than nigh. In full, 
by Dr. M. Loy, in the Ohio Luth Hyl., 1880. 

TrajudaMona not In fi. V. : — 

(1) " God the Father, dwell us by," by Dp. Corerdale, 
1W» (Jtewnitit 184s, p. 143). (a) "God the Bather, 
our Defence," by J. C. JitaiH, uaS,p. 31. (3) "Ood 
onr Father ; dwell within," as Ho. IKS In pt, t of tbe 
Mormian H. B., 1IU. (4} " Onr Father Ood ! to Thee 
we pray," by JK« Jiyy, tsis, p. M. fa) *■ Father, in us 
Thy dwelling be," by Dr. I. Bunt, 1363, p. 63. (6) 
*' God tbe Father, be our stfy, " by Jl. JfiuiM, 1664, p, ». 
(Xi " Our God, our Father, with us stay," by Mia War* 
Mr, 1868 (1861, p. 81). (s) "O God the Father, with 
us dwell" In 8. Garratt's Eft. & Tri., 1SS9, p. M. (S) 
"God the Father, with ua be, Let," by Dr. Q. Hacdsnatd 
In the Sunday Mag., 18M,p. 3SS ; altered in hla JEwtics, 
18JS, p. SO. (10) "God tbe Father, with ue etay," in 
Dr. Boom, 1SB4, p. 44. [J, M.] 

Gott 1st gegenwSrtlg. Q. Tertteegen. 
[Publie Worthtp.} Appeared in his Qeittltche* 
Blimetigiirtttin, 1729, as No. 11, in Bk. iiL, in 
8 st. of 10 1., entitled, " Bemembrance of the 
glorious and delightful presence of God." It 
passed into Zinzendorf s Geiat- und lieUiehe 
Lieder, 1731, No, 1139, has attained a wider 
use than any other of Terstoegen's hymns, and 
is found in most recent collections, as in the 
Vnv. L. S., 1851, No. 559. It is a poetical 
reflex of his inner nature, a beautiful expres- 
sion of tbe characteristics of his peculiar vein 
of mystical piety. Lauxtnann in Koch, viii. 
855, calls it "A hymn of deepest adoration of 
the All Holy God, and a profound introduction 
to blessed fellowship with Him." Tr. as : — 

1. L«, God la here I let u adore, by J. Wesley, 
in //. * Sacred Poems, 1739 (P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. i. p. 167), a tr. catching the spirit of the 
original, hut rather free, in 6 st. of 8 1., and 
omitting st. vii., viii. Included in the Wei. H. 
Bk., 1780, No. 481 (1875, No. 494). The full 
test ie in Mercer's C. P. $ H. Bk., 1857 and 
1864; but it is generally found in centos. The 
most important are : — 

I. Jn tte on^iflat metre. 

(1) St. i., II., lr„ as In the Xitrt S. 8k., ISSSi Blck- 
ersteth'a Chritt. /'ml., 1W1 j Amer. Mstit. Spit., ISIS, 



'begin- 



444 GOTT 1ST USD BLEIBT 

fee. In the Swedaaorpian att„ ism and 1880, and 
otbere, this cento begins, "Toe Lord Is beret Let us 
adore. 

(a) St.L-iv.ae In tbe Leak ff.tffc.. 1863} Ba»t. Pi. A 
ay»., 1868 ; iM. amp., 1870 i B. A Sorigt of Fraiit, 
N. V., 1B74; Border's Oanf. Hyl., 1984, fee 

(3) "Lo! God is here! Him day and night, 
nlng with st. 11. In Eluott'a Ft. £ iftj., 183S. 

11. i» ledtf Jftire. 

(I) The meat important form is of at. 1., 11., It., 
with 11. 4-8 omitted. This la found In the Staidmry 
£&».,17T8; Wftberfom, 1832 ; Martineau, 1840 ; Cooke- 
ifentm, 18631 the 8. P. C. K. Cfc. flj*., 1871. It is also 
extensively used In America, as in the Sk. of £yr., 
1846-8; Prtib. fljl., 1874; flufc* «(/■, 1869; Aoyt. 
i*raf« Jttf., 1871 1 A <e £bn£« tf Praia, 1HT4, Ac. 

(1) In^fettneo!*, 1863, No. 1261, 11. l-ia, are the above ; 
while 11. 13-14 seem to he added by Dr. Kennedy to adapt 
it Jot- the Beopenins of ■ draich or atmilar festivals, 

S, The lamb la elaln, 1st us adore, by W. DtAo- 
motte, as No. 134 in the Moravian H. Bk., 1743, 
and repeated in Inter eds. (1886, No. 656, read- 
ing " The lamb was slain "), Mainly taken 
from Wealey's tr. Included in varying forms in 
J. A. Latroba's Coil, 1841 ; in Walker'a Ckel- 
ttnham Coll., 1B55; and Eeid'a Praise Bk., 1872. 

3. God reveal* Hii preaanoe, by F. W. Foster 
and J. Hitler, as No. 813 in the Moravian H. Bk., 
1789 (1886, Ho. 649), being a good tr. of st. i., 
ii., iv., viL, viii. The form in C. U. is that given 
to it bv W", Mercer, in hia C. P. 4r H. Bk., 1855, 
No, 297 (Oi. ed., No. 426). He retained 13 lines 
is in the original tr., slightly altered 5, and re- 
wrote the rest (with little regard to the German), 
omitting st. iv. altogether. This text is in J. L. 
Porter's Coll., 1876 ; Ch. Praise, 1883 ; Free Ch. 
B. Bk, 1882 ; Irish Ch. Hyl, 1873 ; Beie Zealand 
Hyl, 1870 ; Laades Domini, N. Y., 1884 ; Cana- 
dian Fresh. B. Bk., 188Q, &c, 

Translaiiob net in & IT. ! — 

" The Lord Is here ; then let us bow before Him," 
by Mill Dutm, 1867, p. 78. [J, M.] 

Ctott iflt und bleibt getreu. [Trust in 
God.] Founded on 1 Cor. x. 13. Included 
na No. 302 in J. H. Haveckor'B Kirohen-Echo, 
Helmaiodt and Magdeburg, 1695, in fi st. of 
8 1., without name of author; repeated as 
No. 25 in the Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1863. It 
has been ascribed to Dr. Johonn Christian 
Wilhelmi (sometime advocate under the Hes- 
sian administration and syndic at Giessen), 
hut is not included among the hymns in the 
Eisenach Q. B,, 1721, given as by him hi 
Wetzel, iii. 428 ; and no trustworthy evidence 
of Mb authorship has been adduced. Tr- 
as: — 

Chid is for ever true! Bis loving. A tr. of 
st. i.-iv., by M. W. Stryker, in his Hys. $ Verses, 
1883, p, 3t, repeated as No, 167 in his Christian 
Chorals, 1885. [J. SI,] 

Ctott rufet aoeh, sollt ich nicht 
endllch horen, ff. Tersteegen. [Advent.] 
A beautiful hymn on God's gracious call to 
turn to Him ; and what our answer should be. 
Founded on Fs. xcv. 7. 1st pub. in the 2nd 
ed., 1733, of his Geistlfehes Bltanengartlein, 
Bk. iii., No. 52, in 8 st. of 4 I., entitled, " To- 
day if ye will hear His voice." Included as 
No. 629 in the Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1863. 
Tr. as:— 



Ood calling yet ! — and shall I never hearken 1 
A good tr. by Mrs. Eindlater, omitting St. vii., 
viii., in the 2nd Ser., 1855, of the if Z. L. p. 58 
(1884, p. 116); and repented as No. 553 
in ffoly Song, 1869. In America it has been 
somewhat widely used In the form given to it in 



QOTTEIt, LtfBWIG A. 

the Andover Sabbath B. Bk., 1858, No. 554 
Here the tr. of st. v. was omitted and the rest 
reduced to L.M., beginning, " God calling yet 1 — 
shall I not hear." The text of 1858 has been 
adopted in full in the Dutch Ref, Hys. of Me 
Church, 1869 ; Bapt. H. Bk., 1871 ; Presb. Hyl^ 
1874.; H. $ Songs of Praise, N. T., 1874 ; Metk. 
Epis. Coll., 1878; and others. Omittingst.iv.it 
appears in Hatfield's Ch. H. Bk., 1872 ; Oberlin 
Manual, 1880 ; Ch. Praise Bk., 1882, &c. In the 
Pennsylvania Loth, Ch. Bk., 1868, the full text 
of 1858 is included, with the addition of a recast 
of st. v. [J. M.] 

Gott Bel gelobet und gebenedeiet. 
if. Luther. [Holy Communion.] St L dates 
from pre-Beformation times, was need at j9»- 
ceBeiotiB, during Mass as a post communion, 
and according to Bunsen ( Venwsh, 1833, p. 853) 
was sung by the people after the Epistle on 
Corpus Chrati Day, This form is given by 
WaeJcernagel, ii. p. 748, from Ludewig Trute- 
bul's Enchiridion, 1524; and by BSutnker, i. 
p. 719, from the OraiWieiin Sehulordmng, 
1480. Luther adopted this it,, added two 
others, and pub. the hymn in Eyn Enchiridion, 
Erfurt, 1524 (thence in Wackernagel, iii. p. 10), 
in 3 at of 8 1., with two Kyrieleysons. In- 
cluded in Schircks's ed. of Luther's Qelati, 
Lieder, 1854, p. 74, and as No. 271 in the U»v. 
L. 8., 1851. The trs. in 0. U. are :— 

1. Qoi be blaaaad, and God be praiaed, A para- 
phrase in 54 I., in Miss Fry's Hys. of the Befor- 
nation, 1845, p. 93. Included, rewritten to 6 st. 
of 6 1., beginning, "Thou, who didst Thine Israel 
lead," in J. Whittemore's 8-tppt, to all H, Bks., 
18S0, and in Maurice's Choral H. Bk,, 1861, 

S. Say 0*4 b* praised hsneeforth, and Meat for 
ever! In full in K. Massle's M. Luther's Spir. 
Songs, 1854, p. 78, repeated in the Ohio Lnth. 
Hyl., 1880,No. 273, and iniJr. Bacon, 1384, p. 33. 

!Truulatioii4 not in (L XT' '^^ 
(1) "May God he praised and ador'd," as No. J» In 
pt, (. of the Moravian H. Bk., 1TS4. (2) "For that 
anusuug love and grace," based on the I7S4, as No. 6fi8 
in tbe Jtbravion K. Bk., 178» (18M, No. 100*, begin' 
nlng, "Lord, what amazing''). (3) "Now (jurist be 
praisedandglortued."by^. Aiufcrtm, ISM, p. 16(1817, 
p. 87). (4) "Glory and praise to God we give," by Dr. 
J. Bunt, 1863, p. 108. (6) " Let Qod be priiaed, biased 
and uplifted," by Dr. G. JaWonald In tbe Sunday Mng., 
1807, p. 84T. In hia JSXotfct, 1878, p. 106, tt begins, 
"LetOodbebket, be pnUaed, and be thanked.'' 

[J.MJ 

Gott verlSset die Seinen nioht! 
[Croat and Consolation.'] Included as No, 
1254 in the Breslau G. B., 1743, in 3 st of 6 1, ; 
repeated in the ed. 1746, No. 128; in both 
cases without name of author. Tr. as : — 

Hod doti not leave Hia own. A full and good 
tr. by Hiss Warner in her H. of the Ch, Militant, 
1858 (1861, p. 480). Included in the Christian 
H. Bk., Cincinnati, 1865, No. 802; in Prnst's 
Suppl. H. Bk., Lond., 1869, No. 11; and in 
Dale's English H. Bk., 1874, No. 597. [J. M,] 

Q-ottor, Ludwig Andreas, a. of Johonn 

Christian Goiter, Court preacher and Super- 
intendent at Gotho, was b. at Gotha, May 26, 
1661. He was at first privy secretary and 
then Hofrath at Gotha, where he d. Sept 19, 
1735. He was a pious, spiritually-minded 
man, with tendencies towards Pietism ; and 
one of the best hymn-writers of the period. Of 
Ida printed hymns the earliest appeared in the 
Geistreiehes G. B., Halle, 1697. Of the 23 



GOTTEB, LUDWIG A. 

Included in Freylinghausen's Geiitreithet Q-.B., 
1701, and timet geittreiches G. B., 1714, seven 
have been tr. into English, besides his version 
of J. W. Petersen's " Salve, crux beata, salve " 
(q. v.). J. 0. Wetzel, who had become ac- 
quainted with him during a visit Getter made 
to Komhild in 1733, mentions a complete ver- 
sion of the Psalter (now in us. in the Ducal 
Library at Wernigerode) by him, and quotes 
from his us. the tirst lines of 12 hymns still 
imprinted (Wetzel's A. H., u. 22-30 ; Eoeh, iv. 
400-402 ;AUg. Deutsche Biog., is. 456). OfhU 
hymns those f r. into English are : — 
L InEngluhC. U.:— 
L Erfaieke mien, da Sail dar Binder. [Ine 
Great Phytkian.') On the Gospel for the 3rd S. 
in Advent (St. Matt, ii.), turning it into a prnyer 
for cores of oar moral nature similar to the 
miracle* of physical healing there recorded. In 
Freytingliaustn, 1714, No. 771, in 10 at. of 6 
1., and in Knapp's Bo. 1. 8., 1837, No. 198. The 
only tr. in. C. U. is : — 

Saviour of sinners, sew revive ni, of st. i,, ii,, 
v., i,, by Miss Boithwick, as Ho. 236, in Dr. 
Pagenstecher's Cull, 1864. 

ii. InMr Yater, ieine liebe, [Trut and False 
CAr&fanity.] 1697, as above, p. 608, in 23 st. 
of 6 1., repeated in Freylinghauatn, 171*4 ; and 
in Font's O. B., 1713 (1855, Ho. 324> The 
only tr. JnC. U. is; — 

Father, Thine eternal kindness, omitting st. x., 
in J. & Jneobi's Pta>. Ber., 1720, p, 3. Con- 
siderably altered in his ed., 1722, p. 50, and 
1732, p. 78 ; and from this 8 st. were included 
as No. 542 in pt. i. of the Moravian H. Bk., 1754. 
The tr*. of st. iil., xiii., altered from the 1732, 
and beginning, " Has temptation well nigh won 
we," were included in the Scottish Huang. Union 
H. BH, 1656, and in Dr. J. Peterson's Coll., 
Glasgow, 1867. 

Hi, Wtmit soli ieh dish wohl lobes. [iVaise and 
Tnanisgking.'] A beautiful hymn of Thanks- 
giving (founded on Ps, lei.) for the wonderful 
ways by which God in HU love and goodness hue 
led us, and of trust in the continuance of Hts 
love to the end. 1697, as above, p. 577, in 14 
it. of 6 I., and the refrain (altered from Horn- 
burg's " Jesus, meines Lebees Leben.") 
" Tauaend, tauiend Mil ert dir. 
Grosser EMg, Dank dsfOr." 
Bepeated in Freylinghausen, 1 704, and as Ho. 
1033, in the Berlin 6. L. &, ed. 1863. 

Lauxnbsnn, In K teft, viii. 348-9, relates that st. It. 
was adopted as a thenksgivlag by the Genua Mission* 
Ktes in Abyssinia cm their deliverance by the capture of 
Magdala In 18*8. and et. xl., by 0. H. Bogatiay, after a 
narrow escape on one of bis journeys In Bohemia ; and 
adds that as the hymn, with its Swabian melody, was a 
great faraorlte of ttas poet Uhlend, It was accordingly 
played by the trumpeters from the tower of 8t, George's 
church, on July 14, 1873, at the ceremony of the un- 
Telllng of the status erected to bis memory in Tubingen. 



GOUGH, BENJAMIN 



445 



The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

tori af Heats ! hew shell I reader, A good and 
full fr. in Dr. J. Guthrie's Sacred Lyrics, 1669, 
p. 131 ; and from this at, i., ii., ii., liiL, iiv., 
were included as No. 50 in the Ibrax Hyl., 1871. 

Another fr. Is. "With what fervour of devotion," 
by J. C. Jacob!, 173s, p. ifl7. 

iL Hymns not in English C. U. : — 

tr, Herr Jean, gnaaenao ime . [&wrf#tentton.] 
Perhaps hts finest hymn, 1887, as above, p. 816, in 
s st. The tri. are : (1) " Lord Jesus J Son of sraoes,™ 
In the jjagpl, to dtr. Ftai., ed.. lJK, p. «. (a) "O 



shed abroad, Lord Jesus," a tr. or et, vi., a* Ho. lose, in 
the Sum*, or 1808 to the Moravian B. Bk., 1801. 

r. O Jem main Znvorsioht. flent,] m*. as 
above, No. If ». la U st. IV. by Jf. L. PnihingbaM, 
1870, p. 113, beginning with st. vIL ^^ 

vi, Bel heeheelebt, bermaers"rer Ortt, TPraUt 
for Medanptioa,] On Eph. L 3. 1st in the GeUlnidtet 
0. B., Darmstadt, less, p. 486, In IS St. Tr. as, " High 
praise to Thee, all-gnofoue God," by J. Wesley, In Hn. 
* Sat. Foemt, Dee (p. Workt, 1863-71, v. i. p. 339). 

vii, iraehst auf, ihr fanlea Christen, r&iritual 
WetcKfalnai.l On St. Mett, jutvt. 41. 1697, as abore, 
p. 426, la t st., each beginning and ending with the 
word, " Wachet." Tr. as, *' Arise ! ye lingering saints, 
arise J " by Mrt. fiwUatcr, In H, L. L. IBM. 

[J. M.] 

Oough, Benjamin, was K at South- 
borough, Kent, in 1805, and d. Nov, 28, 1877. 
Ho was engaged in mercantile pursuits in 
liondon for some years. After retiring from 
business he resided at MonntMd, Faversham. 
He was a member and lay preacher of the 
Wesleyan denomination. His poeticnl works 
include : — 

(l) Lyra BaboaHai, Lou., lse»}CS) KentltH Zyria, 
Lou., 188T j (3) fljrmnr of Prayer and i*rot«, I.on,, 
187 Bj and tevsral minor publications, the most Im- 
portant being (4) .Protestant fljnnnt A Stmgi far Ou 
Million, Lon., 18T8; (8) Btmgi from (Ae Woattandt. 
d?ut OtAer poena, I^on., 187J ; and (t) C»rt»tnai ttwwtt 
andXat Year'tamoi, Lon. (k.d.). 

Of Mr. Gough's hymns, about 20 are in 
C. U. in G. Britain and America, and of those 

tho most popular and widely used is "Awake, 
awoke, O Zion," q.v. Although posscsaing 
many features of popularity, hie hymns do not 
rank high as literary productions. His woris 
are also marred by numerous and feeble imita- 
tions of the great lyrics of the Church. Many 
of his earlier hymns were rewritten for his 
Hy». of Prayer <fe Praite, very much to their 
disadvantage. In addition to those which are 
annotated under their first lines the fallowing 
ftre in 0. V. :— 

1. Be thou faithful unto death, Fatt\f\&vai, 
Appeared In his Lyra Sabbatiea, fee ises, p. ii, in 
3 et. of si., and eniitled" Christian Fidelity," In 1S8T 
it was transferred to the Feople't H., and again, In 
18TB, to the Ntw Jfitrt-Hymnal, TSo. 181. 

t. Blaaaed an the dead who die. Burial. Ap- 
peared In his Lyra AeboHco, iseg, p. Si, in * at. of 
8 1. and headed " For the dead in Christ." In Hatfield's 
Oiurr* H. Bk., K. Y., 187% It Is slightly altered. 

3. Christ ia rises from the dead, Sitter. In 
Lyra, Sabbatiea, 1868, p. 88, In s st. of 8 1., as " An 
Easter Carol ; " but In his llyt. yf Prayer A Praite, 
L87i,p.4», this Is changed to" An Xaater Hymn." In 
the JfeMf Mitre-Hynnal, 1878, st. iv., v, are (unltted. 

4. Dome, eblldiea, and Join with ardour divine. 
Jfiatont, In his iy™ Sabbatiea, 1888, p. 18>, In * at., 
of 3 1., and entitled, " Children's Klailonaiy Hymn ; " 
and the Jljrs. qf Prayer <s Praite, 1S7S, Ko. 39, in 4 st. 
of 8 1. In the latter worlc It Is rewritten, very much to 
Its disadvantage. The 18GB text is followed In the 
Jftt*. S. 3. B.Bk., 1879, No, B81. 

B. Gome to Bethleh em and see* Chrittmat. Ap> 
peared In his Chrittmat Caralt, Ac., n.d., p.^1, in B st, 
of 8 1. In the Jftw ifitrejryiatiai, 18 Jt, Ho. 26, It is 
dated 1873. 

5. For all the fThy] saints in heaven and earth. 
AUSaintt, FroniTiis Lyra Sabbatiea, 18«B,p, 11», In 
4 st. of 8 I. Into Snepp'a S.qf0.4t O., 187a, No. T48. 

7, Oed the Tattar, fall of graee. iTWy JWnffy.or 
Public Worthip. Appeared In hie Ktntith Lyrtet, IS87, 
p. 97, in * st. of 1 1. j and rewritten in a tar lest accept- 
able form, In hts Syt, of Prayer A Praite, 1878, p. su, 
In 4 at. of 6 I. Mi>. 6 in the Mtth, S. S. H. Bfc^ 1ST9, Is 
from the IBS7 text. 

I. Ho, every one that tbirateth. JHoitatUm. Pub. 
In his tyra Boooatfoo, 1888, p. 83, In 8 st. of 8 1. 1 and, 
altered to Its disadvantage, In his Byt, of Prayer A 
Praite, J8JB, p. 33, in 5 at. at s 1. No. 191 fit tin 
Met*. 8.B.S. Bk 1SJ» )s from the IMS text. 



we 



GOULD, SABINE B. 



9. How beauteous on th< mountains, Mstione, 
In Lyra Sibbatica, 1*86, p. S3, ill S st. of 8 1. ; and his 
By*, of Prayer *6 frttite, ISfS, p. 20- In HatfieSd's 
(towels H, Ilk., N. Y., 1611, No. 1246, Is composed of 
at. I.-IH. 

10. In Thy tnoplo we adore Thee, gentle, pure, 
and holy Child, lAristotor. In Ids C'ftfistmai Carol*, 
kc, nj>., p. 39, in 3 st. of 4 double lines* In 
Ibe Xew Mitre^ffimnal, 181 S, No. 30, it f* dated 18)3, 
and begins, " In Thy Kndla we adore Thee.'* 

11. Jeans, full of lore dinno, Ijave of Jetui. 
Written in 1974, and pub. in the iVcb Jfitrc*//$Dina*, 
lsrs, Ho. S4. 

It. Lift tho gospel banner. Jtiutont. This is 
attributed toB. Gougb, on the authority of Mrs. Gough. 
It Ea not in his published works, and its fir.-t appearance 
Is unknown. In the XetK. S. #. It. Jib., IsJS, No. 3114, 
It is In -let. of «1. 

IS. Jesus, behold the lambs of Thy fold. 
Sunday, From his Lyra Xibbatica, 1865, p. 103, in 
» st. of 3 1, into the Meth. S. & It. Bk., 1SJ9, No. fill, 
with the omission of st. it. 

14, Quicken, Lord, Thy Ghureh and me, wkU* 
tuntidt. Appeared in his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 16, 
In & st. of G I. ; and In bis Ilys. of Prayer <s Praise, 
l&TG,p.S; and headed "For another Pentecost." It I* 
No, 3*3, in Snepp'e S.ofiG.A O., 1S7I. 

IE. Sinf we merrily -to God; Praia. Appeared 
In bis Lyra Sahbatica, lflfifi, p. fl5, In 5 tt. of 8 1., and 
his /ryt, 0/ Prayer A Prate, 181E, p. !7. In the JvVw 
Jftfre-fllFMnoi; 16J5, No. 133, St. ill. is omitted. 

IB. There il a land of rest. Jftaren. From bis 
Lyra Sabbatica, lass, p. IDS, lu 4 3t. of 3 1. into the Aem 
Mitre-nynmai, 18)5, No. 15S, where It la appointed for 
St. Mark's Day. 

IT, There ia no oond emu atbjn. Peace. In bis 
Lyra Sabiatiea, ises, p. 25, and his Itye. of Prayer A 
Praia, UK, v. 22, in 3 et. of s 1., and headed " No 
Condemnaiion. 1 ' In Snepp's S. t>f G . & G., 1352, it is 
So. 682. 

IB. Uplift the blood-red tanner. Msjmmu, In his 
Lyra SabbaUca, 196S,p. IM, and his Hyt. of Prayer t> 
Praia, 137S, p, 3t, in 4 st. of 8 1., and headed " For the 
Conversion or the World." It Is No. 408 in the People's 
H., 1861 j No. 88 in the Sew Wtre-llymiuxl, 18 16, kc. 

[J. JO 

Gould, Sabine Baring- [Baring-Gould, 

Sabtne.J 

Grace, J. Frances, a rum. de plume of 
Mrs. Van Alstyne (q. v.). 
Grace, 'tis a charming sound. P.* 

Doddridge. [Salvation by Grace.] 1st pub. 
in liis (posthumous) Hymn), &c, by J. Orion, 
in 1755, in 4 st. of 4 L, as follows r — 

"foixxxvi. j$xZea(ipH by Grace. Epa. it. S, 

1. Grace! 'tis a charming Sound, 

Harmonious to ray Ear ! 
lEeav'n with the Echo shall resound, 
And all the earth shall hear. 

2. Grace first contrlv'd a Way 

To save rebellious Man, 
And all the Steps that Grace display, 
Wblcb drew the wondrous Plan. 

3. Grace taught my waud'rlng Feet 

To tread the heav*nly Road, 
And new Supplies each Hour 1 meet. 
While pressing on to God. 

4. Grace all the Work shall crown 

. Thro* everlasting Days ; 
It lays in HesVn the topmost Stone, 
And well deserves the Praise." 

This text was repeated in J. D. Humphreys's 
cd. of the Hymns, &c, 1&S9, with the cliange 
in st. i., 1. 2, of " my ear," to " mine ear." 

In bin P». * Hyt„ 1776, A. M. Toplndy 
gave a cento aa No. 131 which was thus 
composed: — 

1, oo*Jrittof,Bt.l.,wItbl. 2, "lAeear"for"myear." 
!i. Doddridge, st. li. 
ill. Hipladys — 

■' Tv, asgrace that wrote my name 
In Thy eternal book j 
'Twas grace that gave me to the Lamb, 
Who all TO j sorrows took." 



GRACES, J1ETBICAL 

lv. Dvddridgi, at. iii., with. In I. 1, •'forc'it " fur 
"Ungbt." 

V. Toptady:— 

''Grace taught mj soul to pray, 
And made my eyes o'eiflow. 
'Twas grace which kept me to this day, 
And will not let me go," 
vl. Doddridge, st. Ir. 
vii. HjbFoiJjc— 

" let Thy grace inspire 

My soul with strength divine ! 
May all my powers to Thee aspire, 
And all my days be Thine," 

From the original, ox from this conto, all 
modern versions of the hymn ore derived, and 
their construction can be determined by colla- 
tion -with tho texts aa given above. The use 
of the hymn in various forms is very extensive 
in all English-speaking countries. It is some- 
times given as "Grace! 'tis a. joyful sound," 
as in Harlnnd's C&urcfc Psalter & Hymnal, 
No. 2S2. Doddridge's text, slightly altered, 
is rendered into Latin as " Gratia, qufun 
dulcis vox nostris auribns ilia I " in R. 
Bingham's Hym.no. Christ. Lot., 1871. [J. J.] 

Graces, Metrical. Tho Jewish nnd 
Early Christian "blessings" and "giving 
thanks " at meal-times were in prose, the 
metrical forms in uso at the present time 
being of later origin. Our Lord's custom 
was evidence alike of what was a common 
practice in Jewish families, nnd of His snuctton 
of the same. Whtn He fed the multitudes 
Ho "looked up to heaven and oleessrt and 
brake the loaves" (St. Matt. xiv. 19; St. 
Mark vL 41; St. Luke ix, 16) "and gave 
thanks" (St. Matt. xv. 36; St. Mark viii. G ; 
St. John vi. 11> This practice was continued 
by the Apostles (see 1 Tim. iv. 8-6) and by 
their immediate sucotssois. In the Apostolio 
Constitutions (c, 47) there is " A prayer at 
Dinner-time," which Mr. Chatfield has trans- 
lated as : — 

"Thou art blessed, O Lord, Who nourishes! 
me from my youth, 
Who givest tood to all flesh. 
Fill our hearts with Joy and gladness, 
That at all times having all aurBcleney, 
Wo may abound to every good work 
In Christ Jesus our Lord : 
With Whom to Thee (be) glory, honour, and 
might 
For ever and ever. Amen." 

2. The early Fatheis, Clement of Alex- 
andria, St. Cyprian, St. Basil, Tottulliau, St. 
Cbrysostom, and others, give evidence in their 
writingE that the Grace was a common insti- 
tution in the early Church. This fact is em- 
phusised by the presence of short Graces in 
the Gelasian ana Gallican Sacromentaries. 
In tho " Additional Services," appended to 
the Modern .Roman Breviary, tho " Grace be- 
fore and after Meat" has ■ developed into a 
somewhat elaborate service, with special pro- 
vision for certain days and seasons. This 
retention of the mediaeval practice is also 
maintained in a more or less complete form 
in several Colleges and Grammar Schools 
throughout the country. A list of School 
Prayers and Graces is given in the Rev. J. W. 
Hewett's BibUoiheca Sacra Academica, Lond. 
Rivinglons, Pt. ii. Prose Graces are given in 
tbeJ.it. C. Catechieme and Prayers, in various 
editions from 1515 to 1779; and Prose and 
Metrical Graoes in Latin by Melanohthonand 
others in the Preeationes Piae, 1564, 

3. Metrical Grace*, somewhat in the form 



GBAOES, METBIOAL 

of the modem Grace, does not seem to have 
come into general use until the Reformation. 
In Henry the Eighth's Primer, 1515, the; come 
into prominence, and from that period they 
form part of every English Primer. 8e?eral 
of these ore in Dr. Burton's Three Primers of 
Hie Reign of Henry VIIL, 18(52 ; in Clay's 
LitwrgU* of 15*9 and 1552, &c„ 1S44, and in 
his editions of the MlizabeGian Liturgical Ser- 
vice*, 1817 ; and Private Prayers, 1851 (Parker 
Society). As a specimen of these Graces ire 
append two from some fragments in our posses- 
sion of a lost edition of the Elizabethan Pri- 
mer. The first is the " Grace after Dinner," 
and reads: — 

" Now Ton have well refreshed your bodyes, remember 
the lamentable affllctiona and miseries of ye uoussndea 
of your neighbonrflfl uhI brethren in Christ visited by 
the hud of God, tome with tnortall Plagues and diseases, 
some with imprlsonmcntes, some wEth extreme pouertye, 
rod necessitle, so that eyther they cannot or they have 
not to feede on as you have done, remember therefore 
now muche and how deepcly ye presente are bound to 
the goodness of God for your bealtbe wealth Ubertye, 
and many other bis bcheuttes geueo vnto yon. 
" Take bede ye neuer abuse the tame, 
(Hue thankes to god for everything j 
And alwaie praise his holy name 
Who doth not bo la Bore to blame 
No end! enaample aee that ye gene 
Thus do the God's worde teacbe ve to tyre." 
[It will be noted that the whole grace Is really horta- 
tory, and this la characteristic of this edition of the 
Primer in which the daily confession and absolution are 
given for private use in the singular number, the peni- 
tent thus being self.absolved.J 

The second, the " Grace before Supper," is 
unfortunately incomplete, but its , rhymed 
portion, so faT as preserved, runs thus : — 
" Geve tbits to god witii one accord 
For that ehalbe set on this horde 
And be not caitfull what to eate 
To echo thing lining the lorde seudes mcate 
For foode he will not see you perlsbe 
But will yon feede foster and eherishe 
Take vrel in worth that be hath sent . . ." 

4. ThetwoifefricaifTroeMwhichhavetoken 
the greatest hold on tlie Church throughout 
all English-speaking countries ate those by 
John (Jennies which appeared in his Sacred 
Hymns for Hie Children of God, In the Days 
of their Pilgrimage, London, 1711, p. J&8, as 
follows : — 

"Hvsis exxx. 
Be/ore Mbat. 
Be present at our Table, Losd; 
Be Here, and Ev'ry Where adord \ 
Thy Creatures bless, and grant that we 
May feast in PAnAniss with Thee." 

"Hth* cxxxi. 
After Meat. 
We bless Thee, Loan, for this our Food i 
But more for Jesu's Flesh and Blood ; 
The Jfiwuta to our Spirits gW'n, 
Ths Living Bread sent down from Hesv'n ; 
Praise ahail our Grateful Lips employ, 
While Life and Plenty vre enjoy j 
Till worthy, we adore tby Name, 
While banqueting with Chkest, the Lahb. ji 
The modem form of the second • Grace dates 
from Bickcrsteth's Christian Psalmody, 1833 
(possibly earlier), where it reads : — 
" We than* Thee, Lord, for Mils onr food, 
But titettThtt more for Jettt't btwdl 
Jtay Manna to our toult be given, 
The tmtit of lift sent down from heaven." 
This form has undergone slight changes: 
bnt it is substantially the same as that now in 

au. 

5. In William Hammond's (q.v.) Pi., Hys, 
and Spiritual Songs, 1715, p. 310, there U * 



GBACES, METRICAL 447 

Grace for; use " At Meals," in 3 st of 8 I., 
which might he utilized with advantage. 
The opening stanza is : — 

" Thee let us taste in sJl.onr food, 
And relish Tby free grace, 
Always confess that Thou art good, 

And alwayA sing Thy praise. 
Jesus, Thou art the living Bread, 

That Bread which came from heaven ; . 
For as Thy precious blood was shed. 
For ns Thy life was given. ' 

This Grace would furnish a cento of more 
than usual merits. 

6. The Weileyan Graces are many, and of 
some importance. It is to the Nonjuring and 
other influences on the Wesley brothers tliat 
the development of the English Metrical 
Graces are mainly due. John Wesley taught 
the duty of "saying Grace," and Charles 
Wesley provided somewhat extensively for its 
observance. As esrly as 1739 Graces were 
given in their Hys. and Sacred Poems. Others 
appeared in Hys. and Sacred Poems,1742; the 
Hys. for Children, 1763 ; and the Hys. for 
Families, 1767. In addition a special tract of 
26 Graces was published in 1746. The con- 
tents of this traot are : — 

L Grace hefore Meat. 

1. Father, accept o'jr sacrifice. 
3. Father of earth and heaven. 

3. Jesus, to Whom alone we live, 

t. Jesu, wo Thy promise plead. 

B. Life of the world, come down. 

B. Lonl of all, Tby creatures see, 

J, FAther of all, Who filleat with good. 

8. O Thou, Whose bowels yearned to see. 

s, O, how can a criminal feast i 

10. Perishing for hunger, L 

11. Waiting for the Comforter. 

ii. At, or After Meat. 

i . And cAn we forbear, In taking our Toed I 

2. And can we forget. In tasting our meat I 

3. Away with all our trouble. 

4. Blessing to God, tor ever West. 

5. Father, Friend of hnman race. 

6. Father, through Thy Son receive. 

7. Father, we render Thee Thine own. 

S. Glory [land], love, and praise, and honour. 

8. Jesus, life-inspiring Saviour. 

10. O God of all grace, Tby bounty we praise. 

11. Praise Him Who by His word, 

12. Thankful for onr every blessing. 

13. Thanks be to God, Whoso truth wc prove. 

14. Thee, Father, Son, and Spirit, we. 

15. When shall we see the day r 

Several of these ore given iu whole or in 
part in the Wet. H. Bk., 1875. Other Graces, 
by C. Wesley, which have come into C. U. 
are: — 

i. From Hyt. & Sacred Poems, 1739. 

1, Being of beings, God of love. 

In the Wa. Ii. JBk., lets, this Is given us a hymn 
(No. CM), and st. L auo as a Grace. 

2, Coroe Thou, onr heavenly Adam [Father], come. 
This is sr. v. of " Enslaved to sense, to pleasure 

prone " (p. Sol, i,), 

it From Hyt. and Sacred Poems, 1742. 

3. Father, 'tis Thine each day to yield. 

Tbts is st. vi. of "Father of all. Whose powerful 
voice "(p. MB, ii.). 

iii. From Hys. for Chadren, 1763, 

4. For my life, and clothes, and food. 

This Is st. il. of "Thou, my God, art good and wise." 

a. Give Him tben, and ever give. 

This last. ill. of "Happy man whom God doth aid." 

iv. From Hys. for Families, 1767. 
s. Meet and right it la to pnklse. 
This Is st. 1. of that hymn. 

v. From the Poetical Works, 1868-72, 
1, Cerwheun'd with Meetings from above. 



448 GRACIOUS LQED, INCLINE 

These (hunts are all included in the TP«. 
S. Bk., 1876, and most of them are found in 
other collections. 

7. There remain several Graaet which are 
in 0. U. which we group in alphabetical 
order: — 

1. Be known to us In broking bread, toy J. Xont- 
gatnery (p. 119, iL). 

1. Daily, Lord, oar jrnyer be uU. By J. Ansllce, 
from hie "imd o/ tAefowwtf, once again." 

J. Food, raiment, dwelling, health uid friends. By 
J. Montgomery, in bis (ttrWittn ftaimili. IMS. 

4. For mercies that we taste and eee. .f. tffcwmer. 

J, For as Thou spread'st a table, lord. Appeared In 
By: it &cred Smjfi. Manchester, Fletcher 1 Tubbs, 
188S. 

&. Great God, Than Giver of all good. J. fflWimtr. 

I. Great God, we Mew Thy care. By J. G. Gregory. 
In bl> BmhAwc* IT. JHt, 1868. 

8. Great God, we prabe Thy gracious ore. By « ■ 
Freeman Lloyd, in the K. T. B/s.rJts £fttt4'l Book of 

BTfieavanly Father, grant Thy blessing. By C. H. 
Spurgeon, to Ms O. O. H. /tit., 1866. 

Id. Bow kind and good to give us food. By Jfiri. /. C, 
Weitbrvoke. 

II. Join to bless (be bounteous Giver, By G. H. 
Spurgeon. In bis O. O. It. Sk., 188a. 

11. O what shalt we poor children give. By J. G. 
Gregory, in bis Boneharch H. Bk., 1888. 

13. Our Father, bless the bounteous store. By C H. 
Spurgeon, in his O. O. B, Bk., 1888. 

14. Parent of good, Whose bounteous grace. In the 
Kethoditt 3. 8. B. Bk., 18)8. 

14. TbTprovJdencesuppUesourfbod. ByW.Cowper. 
from his "Almighty King, Whose wondrous hand" 
(p. 63, ii.). 

18. To God, Who gives our daily bread. Anon, in 
Mrs. Brock's fifttfdren'j S. Bk., 1881. 

IT. We praise Thee, Lord, for every good. Anon. In 
BickereteU/s chrittian Pialmo&y, 183S. 

IB, We Thank Thee, Father, for Thy love. By C. H. 
Spurgeon, in his O. O. B. Bk., 1886. 

IB. With grateful heart and voice we raise. ByC.D. 
Bell, in his Cheltenham Appendix to tbs H. Oomp,, 
1381. 

8. In addition to these draco, the Index of 
Subject* should also be consulted ; and for 
some in two aud throe lines each see Dr. Mon- 
BeU's Pari* Hymnal, 1873. [W. T. B.] 

Gracious Xiord, Incline Thine ear, 
W. Hammond. [Christ desired.'] 1st pub. 
in his F*. (t Hut., 1745, p. 238, in 10 at. of 4 1., 
and headed " I am sick of love. Cant, ii 5," 
the opening stanza reading : — 

" Gracious Lord, incline Thine Ear, 
Sly Complaint vouchsafe to hear ; 
Faint and Sick of Love am I, 
Give me Chsist, or else 1 uie." 
In 1787 Dr. Bippon, on including the 
hymn in bis Bapt. Set., No. 296, omitted st. 
ii., vii. and ix., and re-wrote st, i, thus : — 
" Gracious Lord. incline Tblne ear, 
My reqyeit vouchsafe to bear ; 
Bear my never-ceatiitg ery , — 
Give me Christ, or else 1 uie." 

This form of the hymn is in use amongst the 
Baptists, both in England and America. An- 
other form in 6 st. (omitting st ii., vi.,vii.,is.) 
was given in Bickersteth's Christ Psalmody, 
1833, No. 614, with st. i. as :— 

" Gracious Lord, incline Thine ear. 
My requeti vouchsafe to bear ; 
■flurden'd wit* my tins lay. 
Give me Christ, or else I die." 

This form of the hymn is in limited use in 
the Church of England. [J. J.] 



GBACIOU8 8AYIOUB, GENTLE 

dren," and signed " C." Its nee in Qt. Britain 
is somewhat limited, but in America it is found 
in numerous collections. The reading of st. i., 
" Gracious God, our children see," dates from 
Biokersteth's Christ. Psalmody, 1833. [J. JO 

Gracious Saviour, gentle [holy] 
Shepherd. [The Good Shepherd.'] In Miss 
Jane E. Tjeeaon'a Hys. it Scene* of Childhood, 
pub. in 1812, three hymns appeared as fol- 
lows : — 

l, "Shepherd, in Thy bosom folded,** as Jfo. tj,' 

a. " Loving Shepherd of Thy sheep," as Xo. eeff. 

3. " Infant sorrow, infant weakness," as JVe>. zl. 

Upon these hymns the cento, "Gracious 
Saviour, gentle Shepherd," is based. It was 
first pub. in the Salisbury H. Bk., 1857, No. 
183, in 5 st of 6 L, aud was appointed for Holy 
Baptism, It is thus composed ; — 

1. " Gracious Saviour, gentle fAepsenJ, 
Little Oner, an (fear to Thee : 
Gathered with Thine arms and carried 

In Thy baton they may be 
Sweetly, fondly, taftly tended; 
From ajl want and danger free.' 1 
Of this stanza 11. 1-4 are from st. iii, of No. 
xl., as above, and 11. 5, 6 of No. r. The words 
in italics in this and the remaining stanzas are 
by Miss Leeson ; the alterations and additions 
being by the Rev. J. Keble. 

il. " Tender Shepherd, never leave them 
From Thy fold to go astray i 
By Thy look of love directed. 

May they walk the narrow wayt 
Thus direct them, and protect them, 
tast they fell an easy prey." 

This stanza is rewritten from No. xvii. as 
above, no single line of the original being re- 
tained. It is based on the whole hymn, and 
not on any single stanza. 

111. " Cleante their hearts/™* slnful/olfy 
In the stream Thy love suppKed; 
ffingltd stream* of Blood and water 
flowing fren Jftj wounded tide : 
And to heavenly pastures lead them. 
Where Tblne own still waters glide." 
The lines in italics are from Miss Leeson'* 
No. v., st. ii. ; whilst 11. 5, 6, by J. Keble, have 
nothing in common with the three hymns. 
lv. " Let Thy holy word instruct them : 

Fill their minds with heavenly light ; 
Let Thy love and grace constrain tfiem. 



To approve whatever la right, 
fake Thine easy yoke and wear 
And to prove Thy burden light/ 



Gracious Lord, our children see. W. 

Co-toper. [Prayer on behalf of Children.'] 1st 
pub. in the Olney Hytnnt, 1779, Bk, ii, Ho. 12, 
in 3 st of 8 L, entitled, " A Prayer for Chil- 



Tliis is a new stanza by J. Keble, the key- 
note being; Miss Lesson's No. v., st iii, L 1 — 
" Ever and anon instruct me." 

V. " Taught to lisp tbe holy praises 

Which on earth Thy children sing,— 
Both with Ups and hearts unfeigned 

May they their thank-offerings bring ; 
Then with all tbe saints in glory 
Join to praise their Lord and King ! " 

This stanza is Miss Lesson's No. v., st iiL, 
rewritten. 

In I860 this cento was repeated in Jonathan 
Whittemore's Bapt. Supp. to all Hymn Booht, 
LonrL, J. P. Shaw, No. 140, and signed " W.," 
i.e. " Whittejnore." This subscription lias led 
the cento to be described as by " Miss Jane E. 
Leeson, and the Eov. Jonathan Whittemore, 
Baptist Minister, b. April 6, 1802 ; d. Oct. 31, 
I860." Seeing, however, that Whittemore's 
text is a repetition of the Sali&ury B. Bk. 
text, with the single alteration of st, iii., 1, 8, 
from "Where Thine own still waters glide," 
to " Where the peaceful waters glide," ttiis as- 
uription must be set aside in favour of •' Xht 



GBAOIOUS SOUL, TO WHOM 
Jana E. Leaon, 1842; J. Keble, 1857." [x. 

MSB. and B. XBS.1 

The use of this oento in all English-speak- 
ing countries is very great The opening line 
sometimes reads, "Glorious Saviour, holy 
Shepherd," but this form is not received with 
general favour. [J. J.] 

Gracious soul, to whom are given. 
C. Wcttey. [Betignalion.'] Appeared in the 
Hyt. & Sao. Poena, 1740, in 11 st of 6 1, and 
bored on the words, "Blessed are they that 
mourn." (P. TTorfts, 1869-72, vol. L p. 33a) 
As given in the American Heth. Bpisoo. 
Hymnal, 1878, No. 487, it is composed of st 1., 
ii., vii, iii, in the order named. The oento, 
"Human soul to whom ore given," in the 
American Unitarian Hy». of the Spirit, 1861, 
is also from this hymn. [J, J.] 

Gracious Spirit, Dove divine. J. 
Stacker. [Whitiuntide.'] This hymn 1st ap- 
peared in the Gotpel Magazine, July 1777, in 
6 st. of 4 1., and entitled, H To God the Holy 
Ghost," as follows :— 

1. "Gradous Spirit, Dove divine, 
Let Thy Hght within me shine: 
*Uy tun remove: 
L of Hesv'n and Love. 



All bt nil 
Fill m* fuU 



X "Soak Thy pBd'nlng Grace to me, 
Bet the bunlenVI Sinner free : 
Lead me to the Lamb of God ; 
YTaah me Iq Ms precious Ufcood. 

3. " Lift and Peace to me Impart ; 
Seel Serration on my Heart : 
Breathe thyself Into my Breast, 
Earnest of Immortal Beat. 

a. " Let me never from thee stray j 
Keep me In tbe narrow Way ; 
Fill my soul with Joy divine , 
Keep met, Lord, for ever thine. 

S. "Onvd me round, on erty Side) 
Save me from telMghteoua pride i 
He with Jeen'e Mind Inspire ) 
Kelt me with celestial Ffre. 

8. " Than my Drost end Tin consume ; 
Let thy Inward Kingdom come : 
All my Pmyer end Praise raggeet j 
Dwell end reign within my bieiet." 

This is also given in full in Sedgwick's 
reprint of Stacker's Hye. a) Spiritual Poem*, 
ate., 1601, p. 7. In Glazebrooke's Coll., 
at, 1-4 were given as " Gracious Spirit, love 
divine." This was repeated as from " Glaze- 
brooke's 0." in the Williams & Boden CotL, 
1601, No. 143. This was again repeated in 
J. DobeU's Nete Selection, Ac, 1800, and 
later collections, and has beoome the recog- 
nised form of the hymn, the only alteration 
of the original being that of "Dove" to 
" lose divine," in the opening line. Various 
alterations of the text are also in G. U., 
both in G. Britain and America, one, as 
"Gracious Spirit, power divine," being No. 
1040 in Kennedy, 1863, and a second, ''Holy 
Spirit, Love divine," in Powell's Hyt. A An- 
theme, ftc, 1881. These alterations may be 
ascertained by a collation with the original, 
as above. The hymn in its various forms is 
very popular, and is in extensive use in all 
English-speaking countries. [J. J.] 

Gracious Spirit, dwell with ma. T. 
T. lynch, [Whitsuntide.} 1st pub. in his 
work, The Rivulet, a Contribution to Soared 
Song, 1855, p. 78, in 6 st. of 6 L It was 
brought into congregational use through the 
Bapt Pt. * Hyt-, 1858. From that date it 



GBANT, BIB BOBEBT 449 

has steadily increased in popularity in O, 
Britain and America, and is given in full win 
part in numerous hymn-books, especially those 
in use by Nonconformists. [J, J.] 

Gracious Spirit, Holy Ghost. Bp. C. 
Wordtteorth of Lincoln. [Quinquagesima. — 
Love.'] 1st pub. in his Holy Year, 1st ed., 



in 8 st of 4 L, and appointed for Quin- 
quagesima, being a metrical paraphrase of 
theEpistle for that day. It is found either in 
full or in on abbreviated form in several col- 
lections, including some of the Public Schools, 
and a few in American C. U. In Martiueau's 
Hymni, 1873, it begins, "Mighty Spirit, 
Gracious Guide." [J. J.] 

Gradual. An anthem song between the 
Epistle and Gospel with certain variations in 
form and use in Lent and Eastertide, which 
need not be described here. It is called the 
Gradual because it used to be sung either 
from one of the altar steps, or from one of the 
lower steps of the ambo into which the 
Deacon ascended to read the gospel It was 
usually taken, with its verses, from the Book 
of Psalms, but occasionally from some other 
source. We subjoin a specimen of a metrical 
Gradual, for the Votive Mass of St Sebastian, 
taken from the Sarum Missal. London, 1504, 
» O Sencte SefcaaUane, 

Cbrirti stbleta gknioetsslme, 

Out pro Ghrteto rellquisU 

Terrenae mllttlae nrtndpatnm, 

Et nuceplstl magnum eupplleltim, 

Intercede pro nobis md Domtnum, 

Ssncte Sebaitlsne, 

Ghriatt martyr egregle, 

Onjue merftto tots Lombahlta 

Fuit liberals a prate mertllero, 

Libera nee eb Ipse et s mallgao loat*. 

Alleluia. 

Bancte Sebastian* 

JJos trementei 

Acflentea 

Implonumu tnnm Clemens auilllum 

Ut poeatmus obtlnere 

Per te pestle mortiferae 

Apnd Christum rcmedlum," 

BtsrntMand Edit., 1861, p. 991*, 
[P. E. W.] 
Grant, James, b. probably in Edinburgh, 
but date unknown, and d. there cm Jan. 1st, 
1785. An ironmonger by trade, he carried on 
his business in West Bow, Edinburgh. Prom 
1746 to 1752 ho lield several offices of import- 
ance in the Town Council of Edinburgh. 
Amongst several works of benevolence which 
received his aid the Orphan Hospital in Edin- 
burgh was specially favoured, and to it the 
profits of the 1st ana 2nd ed. of hislfymns, 4c., 
were given. Those hymns and poems were 
mainly written to popular goottisli melodies, 
and were pub. as : — 

Original Ssmru and Poatt, written ty a pritatt 
nKrittianfir\U owmue, and Pabtdliti at tSttatnal 
fain o/ Frim&t. Kdtnbnrrt, 1JM, (Jnd «d.. 1520, 
3rd ■ reprint by D. Sedgwick, Land., 18M.) 

Of the hymns the best known is "O Zion, 
afflicted with wave upon wav&" (God's Un- 
changeable Love.} It appeared as Hymn xvL 
iu the Original Hymns, etc, 1764, in 7 st of 
41., and is found in several modern collections, 
including the J/ew Cong., 1859, No. GI0, and 
others. [J. J.] 

Grant, Sir Eobort, second s. of Mr. 
Charles Grant, sometime MP. for Inverness, 
and a Director of the East India Company, 



450 GRANTED IS THE SAVIOUR'S 

was b. in 1785, and educated tit Cambridge, 
whore he graduated in 1808. Called to the 
English Bar in 1807, he became M.P. for 
Inverness in 1S2G; a Privy Councillor in 1831 ; 
and Governor of Bombay, 1834. Ho d. at 
Dapoorie, in Western India, July 9, 1838, As 
a hymn-writer of great merit ho is well and 
favourably known. His hymns, " worship 
the King " ; " Saviour, when in dust to Thee " ; 
and " When gathering clouds around I view," 
are widely used in all English-speaking 
countries. Some of those which are less known 
are marked by the same graceful vorstflcation 
and deep and tender feeling. The best of his 
hymns were contributed to the Christian Ob- 
server, 1806-1815, under the signature of 
"E— y, D. R."; and to Elliott's Psalms <t 
Hymns, Brighton, 1835, In the Pt. & Hyt. 
those which wore taken from the Christian 
Observer were rewritten by the author (see 
Preface). The year following hia death his 
brother, Lord Glenolg, gathered 12 of his 
hymns and poems together.and pub, them as : — 

Sacred Poena. By the iate Bight tfwi. Sir Robert 
Brtmt. London, Saunders* Otley, Conduit Street, 1S39. 
It was reprinted In 1844 and in lsos. 

This volume is accompanied by a short 
" Notice," dated " London, Juno 18, 1839.'' 

[J. J] 

Granted Is the Saviour's prayer. C. 
WetUy. [Whitsuntide.'] 1st pub. in the Hys. 
and Sits. Poems, 1739, in 10 st. of 4 1,, as a 
"Hymn for Whitsunday." (P. Worltt, 1868- 
1872, vol. L p. 188.) It was repeated by A. M. 
Topkdy in his Pa. * Hys., 1776, No. 351, and 
in a few modern collections, including the 
Hymnary, 1872, the Wet. H. Bit., 1875, in an 
abridged form. The cento, " Come, divino and 
pcaceM Guest," in the Songs for Qte Sanctuary, 
N. Y., 1865, and others, is from this hymn, and 
begins with st. vi. Another cento, beginning 
with st. iii., " God, the everlasting God," is No. 
175 in The College Hymnal, N. T., 1876. [J. J.] 

Grateful notes and numbers brine. 

[Thanksgiving.'] This hymn appeared in the 
Christians Magazine, Feb., 1766, as " A New 
Ode as sung by the Women at the Magdalen 
Chapel," in 7 st of 4 1., without signature, 
and with many repetitions and choruses as the 
parts were divided between the " First and 
Second Galleries." The following, omitting 
repetitions, is the text : — 

14 Gratefol notes and numbers bring*, 

While Jehovah's praise we sing ; 

Holy, holy, holy. Lord t 

Be Thy glorious name adored. 
" Men on earth, and saints above, 

Sing the great Redeemer*! love i 

Lord, Thy mercies never fail : 

HaiL celestial goodness, hall I 
•• Though unworthy. Lord, Thine ear, 

Our humble hallelujahs near ; 

Purer praise ve hope to bring 

When with saints, we stand and ring. 
" Lead us to that blissful state, 

Whore Thou roignest supremely great j 

Loox with pity from Thy throne, 

And send Thy Holy Spirit down. 
" While on earth onlatned to stay. 

Guide our footetepB In Thy way i 

Till we come to reign with Tnee, 

And ail Thy glorious greatness see. 
" Then with angels we'll again 

Wake a louder, louder strain ; 

There. Ln Joyful songs of praise. 

We'll onr grateful voices raise. 



GRATES, PEBACTO JAM DIE 

" There no tongue shall silent be : 
There all shall join sweet harmony; 
That through heaven's all spacious round. 
Thy praise, O God, may ever sound I " 

There is no signature to the hymn, but there 
is every reason to conclude that it was by the 
Rev. William Dodd, the editor of the Maga- 
zine. In the 3rd ed. of Dodd'sjicoownf . . . of 
the Magdalen Charity, 1766 (dedication of this 
ed. dated Feb., 1766, 1st ed., 1761), the hymn 
is reprinted as "An Ode for the Magdalen 
Chapel " ; and follows an " Anthem, for the 
use of Magdalen Chapel," beginning, " Let 
the solemn organ blow," which, when printed 
in tho Chrittiant Magazine, March, 1765, was 
given as " By tho Rev. W. Dodd, Chaplain to 
tho King. Bet to Music by Mr. Bach, Oom- 

Cr to Her Majesty.'' The hymn is in 
d's favourite metre ; and his version of the 
100th Ps., and his hymn, " Glory be to God 
on high," bear strong internal evidence to 
identity of authorship. In modem hymn-books 
it is found as follows : — 

1. Grateful notes snd numbers farina;. In the Ps. 
* Bye. for the Vte <sf the mtgdaJm ckapd, ISO*, it 
was given with slight alterations In tJ» irregular lines 
to harmonise the metre. In Blckertteth's Chritt. piotn- 
ody, 1833, No. 209, It was repeated with tho omission 
of st. ti. and vli,, and through this channel came Into 
modern nse. 

8, Grateful hearts and voioaa briar. This form of 
the text was given ln Kail's Mitre hTbTc^ IBM, No. 24, 
In 4 st. This, with ths addition of a doxotogy, was re- 
peated In the Cooke & Denton Bysmal, 1SS3, Ho. 126, 
and other collections. 

!. Holy, holy, holy Lodl Be Thy glorious Kama 
■jlend. In 1T7S, Benjamin Williams gave e st, from 
tb£ original ln his ftaltsbnry C&1-, beginning with 11* 5-t, 
of st. 1, "Holy, bo(y, holy Lord. From this four 
staoias were taken by A. Xtppls and tie co-editors, and 
Included In their Coil., 1.96, No. 184, as from the " Salis- 
bury Collection." This form was repeated in later col. 
lecUons, and Is very popular with Unitarians ln Q. Brit, 
and America. 

ft. Heavenly Fa&er, Bovertlfn Lord, Be Thy glo- 
rious Hams adored. This Is an alteration of st. 1,, It., 
ill., v., vi. (st. 1. being ftom st. i., 11.), ln 4 et. This 
was given in the Meth. Epleco. Bmnt, N, Y.. is*9. 
No, 41, and repeated In the Hymnal of tbe aame body, 
18TB, No. 2D. The hymn, " Heavenly Father, Sovereign 
Lord, ever faithful to Thy word " Cq.v.), Ho. 333 la 
their revised Oott., 1831, is by C, Wesley, 

The use of this hymn in these various forma 
is extensive in G. Britain and America, 

[W. T. B.] 

Orates, peraoto jam. die. C. Coffin. 
[Evening.] Appeared in the Pari* Breviary, 
1736, as the hymn for the day after the Pre- 
sentation to Ash Wednesday, at Compline on 
Sundays and Ferial days, except when the 
Office of theB.T.M. is said. Also under the 
same rule from Trinity to Advent. In Coffin's 
Hymni Baeri, 1736, p. 97, it is given with the 
heading, " Ad Oompletorimn post Trinitatem." 
Text in Card. Newman's Hymni JScdetiae, 
1838 (ed. 1865, p. 7). [W. A. S.] 

Translations in C. U. ; — 

1. And now the day la past and gone. Holy 
God, fee, By I, Williams, in his Hymnt tr. from 
the Parisian Brett., 1639, p. 11, in 5 st. of 4 1, In 
1853 it was given, with alterations, in the 
English Hymnal, No, IB, In the editions of 
1856 and 1861, the text is agnin altered. An- 
other altered toil was given as "Another day is 
post and gone ; O God," &c, in Kennedy, 1863, 
No. 839, in 2 st of 13 1. This text with the 
omission of at.'i., 11. 10-12, and " Where golden 
harps," for "And golden harps," st. it., 1. 8, in 
the Irish Church Hymnal, 1873, No. 18. 



GBAUMANN, JOHANN 

8. The day is put and gone, By W. J. Blew, 
1st printed about 1650 for use in his eharch, and 
then included in hie Church If. # Tutus Bk., 1852, 
" From Trinity to Advent," No. 8, in 6 st. of 4 I. 
It is partly from I, Williams's tr. above. Iu the 
Hymnary, 1872, No. 88, it is given with altera- 
tions and the omission of st. if. The full text 
is No. 97 in Rice's Hymn), &c, 1870. Chops, 
1864, repeats the teit of his 1st ed., 1857. 

3. The day is past, and still we live. By R. 
Campbell. 1st pub. in his Hys. $■ Anthems, 
1850, p. 33, in 5 st. of 4 1. This was giyen in 
the Scottish Episco. Coll., 1858, as No. 13. 

4. Our thanks for this eempleted day. By J. D. 
Chambers, in his Lauda Syon, 1857, p. 43, in 5 st, 
o^ 4 1. j in Martinean's Hys. of Prayer fy Praise, 
1873, No. 573 is this tr. with slight altera- 
tions, and the omission of the doxology, 

Translation not in 0. TJ, i— 
And now the day Is pest and gone, We sing, &e. /. 
Chandler, 183r. [J. J.] 

G-raumann, Job-ami, d.d. (Poliander), 
waa b. July 5, 1487, tit Neustadt in the Bava- 
rian Palatinate. He studied at Leipzig (m.a. 
1516, rd. 1520), and was, tn 1520, appointed 
rector of the Bt Thomas School at Leipzig, 
Ho attonded the Disputation in 1519 between 
Dr. Eck, Luther, and Oarlatadt, as the ama- 
nuensis of Eofc ; with the ultimate result that 
be espoused the cause of the Reformation and 
left Leipzig iu 1522. In 1523 he became 
Evangelical preacher at Wiirzburg, but left 
on the outbreak of the Peasants* War in 1525, 
and went to Nilmberg, where, about Lent, he 
was appointed preacher to the nunnery of St 
Clara. He then, at the recommendation of 
Luther, received from the Margrave Albrecht 
of Brandenburg an invitation to assist in 
furthering the Deformation in Prussia, and 
began his work as pastor of the Altstadt 
Church in Konigsberg, iu Oct., 1525. Here 
he laboured with much zeal and success, in- 
teresting himself speoiolly in organising the 
evangelical schools of the province, and in 
combating the errors of the Anabaptists and 
the followers of Schwenckfeldt. He d. at 
Koniftsberg, April 29, 1541 (JEoeA, i. 355-59 : 
ii. 475 ; Bode, p. 78, 4c). The only hymn 
of importance by him which has kept its 
place in Germany is : — > 

Hun lob, mdn Bed, dan Berren. Ps. ciit. Ap- 
peared as a broadsheet at Nurnberg, c 1540, and 
iu J. Kugelmann's 2?ewa Gesang, Augsburg, 1540. 
Both of these are given by Wachemagel, iii. pp. 
821-23, in 4 st. of 12 L This fine rendering 
has been repested in most subsequent hymn- 
books, and is No. 238 in the Uav. L. S., 1851. 
A 5th st, " Sey Lob und Preis mil Ehren," ap- 
peared in a broadsheet reprint at Nilrnberg, c. 
1555, and is In Burg's 0. B., Breslau, 1746, and 
other books, added to the original stanzas. 

lawmatm. In Each, vili. 31S-M0, quotes Martin 
Chemnitz, 16JS, as stating that It was written In 163S at 
the request of the Margrave Albrecht, as a version of 



GBAY, THOMAS 



451 



bis favourite Psalm, and as Baying that himself (i.e. 
Chemnitz) heard the Margrave Joyfully digging it on 
his death-bed. Lawnnann adds that It was used by 



Gnebwus Adolphne on April st, 1S3S, at the first re- 
stored Protestant service at Augsburg- It wee also sung 
by the inhabitants of Osnabruck, In Westphalia, as a 
thanksgiving at tbs dose of the Thirty Years' War on 
Oct. 35, leisi, &c. 

It is*r. os:— 

Kj souJ, bow preis* thy Maker! A good and 



full tr. by Miss Wink worth, as No. 7 in her ft B. 
for England, 1863. 

Other tra. are:— (0 "My soul: exalt the Lord thy 
God," by/. C. Jacdbi, 1J23, p. S« (1733, p, i«V In- 
cluded In the Mtravian B. Bin. of UM (Hos. 13) and 
316) and 1T93. (3) " Now to the Lord sine praises," by 
Dr. It. iKIis, ism (isM, p. laa). rj. m,1 

Qravl me terror© pulsus vitae dies 
ultima. Card. Peter Damiani. {Vldeent— 
Death.] Dr. Nealo introduces his tr. of this 
hymn iu his Mediaeval Hymnt, 1851, p. 33, 
with the following note ; — 

•* This awful hymn, the Dita irac of the individual 
life, was written by 8. Peter P&mlard, Cardinal Bishop 
of Oatla, the greet condhitorof g. Gregory VII. la ids re- 
form of the enured, lie lived from 1003 to 10T5^ and 
spent the lust years of his life in devotion and retirement 
at his Abbey of 8. Croce d'Avelleno, bavmg reaped 
his Cardiualato. His realisation of tlie hour of death la 
shown, not only In this hymn, but by the Commendatory 
Prayer, used from time to time in the Roman Church 
which begins, *To God Icommend thee, beloved brother t 
and to mm Whose creature thou art I commit thee ' ; 
originally composed by 3. Peter as a letter to a dying 
friend." 

The original text is given in Cajotan's ed. of 
Damiani's works {Petri Damiani Opera, Paris, 
1642, vol iv. p. 26) ; in Mtgne, torn. 145, ooL 
977, 978 ; in Daniel, i., No. 193 ; in Trench, 
1819 (ed. 1874, p. 283) ; in Bateler, No. 83 ; and 
others. Ktiniqsfeld j|ives it in 15 st from a 
Processional of the Dominican Order, Venice, 
1572. It is also in the Venice edition of 
1494. The additional stanzas are repeated by 
Daniel, iv. p. 291, but have not been translated, 

[W.A.S.] 

Translation in C. V. :— 

Day of death J in alienee speedinf . By E. Cas- 
wall. 1st pub. in his Masque of Mary, &c, 1858, 
in 9 st. of 6 1.; and again in his Hymns, &c, 
1873, p. 224. In the Koman Catholic Crown of 
Jesus H. Bk., S.D., No. 132, it is given in full: 
but in the Hymnary, 1872, No. 106, st. iti. & 
vii. are omitted. 

Tiawlatian* net in 0. V. : — 

1. O what terror in thy forethought. JTeoIe, 1851. 

3. With terror then dost strike me now. Erastus C. 
Benedict of New York, contributed to Behalf's Otrttt in 
Stmff, 1B6B. [J. J j 

Gray, Jane, n6e Lawers, daughter of 
Mr. "William Levrere, was b. at Castle Blayney, 
cotmty Monaghan, Ireland, Ang. 2, 1796; and 
married to the Bev. John Gray, CD., a Presby- 
terian minister. In 1820 they proceeded to 
America, where, in 1822, Dr. Gray became 
Pastor at Eaton, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Gray 
resided at Eaton till her death in 1871. Qt 
8 hymns which are known to be by her 6 were 
contributed to the (Old School) Presbvterian 
Devotional Hymns, PhUa., 1842^ of which Dr. 
Gray waa one of the compilers ; and 2 to the 
Parish Hymns, Phila., 1843. Of these the 
following are still in C U. : — 

1. Am I called ! and can it be 1 God's Invita- 
tion accepted. Appeared in the German Re- 
formed Ps. J- ffi/»., 1834, No. 454, and in the Daw- 
Uonai Hymns, 1842, and is in Spurgeon's 0. O. 
B, Bk., 1866, No. 576. 

2, Hark to the aolemn bell. Burial. This also 
dates from 1 942, bnt is unknown to the English 
collections. [P. M. B.] 

dray, Thomas, jun., iu>., was b. at 
Jamaica Plain Eoibury, Massaohuselte, Ft b. 
4, 1803, and educated at Harvard College, 
where he graduated in 1823. Alter visiting 

2G2 



452 GBEAT AND GLOB1OU8 

England and the Continent ho took his m.d. 
in 1927, and commenced the practice of medi- 
cine in Boston, U.S.A. He subsequently ex- 
changed the practice of medicine fan that of 
chemistry. He d. in Boston, March 6, 1849. 
His hymns were mainly written for children, 
and for occasional services. They ore of more 
than ordinary merit, and are much used by 
the Unitarians, of which boJy Dr. Gray was 
a member. They include : — 

t. Good-nifht, food-night, our song it nid. Even- 
ing. Popular with children. 

8, Jehovah ! mt Thin* mM throne. Ordinal ion, 
"Written for the OrdlrwUon of Mr. George Whitney 
as Pastor of the Second Church uid Society in Roxbury, 
June IS, 183t." 

3. Oat Fathtr, her* again wa raiie. Homing* In 
Oray'a Sunday S. CM., 1833. 

4. Bognliant, lo ! Thy children bend. Prayer. Also 
In Gray's Sunday 8. tt*i, 18S3. 

5. We com* tn eMldheod'a limoeeaee. Opening ef a 
Sunday School. Given In Gray't Sunday School Coll,, 
1844. 

t. While round Thy throne, God, we bend, -tn- 
niscrw^ ^f Sunday School. " Written for the Jubilee 
of the Boston Sunday School Society. *t tbc Federal 
Street Church, Sept. 11, 1S31." It was given in Quit's 
CM., 1B33. 

For these details wo are indebted to Put- 
nnm's Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith, 
1874, pp. 171-176. [J. J.] 

Great and glorious Father, humbly 
we adore Thee. Bp. W. W. How. [Holy 
Communion.] The noto to this hymn in the 
S. P. C. K. Church Hys., folio ed., p. xlix., is : — 

"Written In 1969 with a view of setting forth etch 
of the various aspects or the Holy Communion .—Our 



unwnrthlness to draw near (1); the Memorial before 

- '"" - " " Mi 

yetr, 
4); the receiving of the Heavenly Food (5); the offer- 



God (2); the Memorial beloteMen (a); Christ pleading 
His Passion for us above, yet present In His Sacrament 



fng of ouiselvea (s) ; the Angelte worship '(J) ; adora. 
tlon or the glorified Saviour («).'' 

In 1871 it was included in tho Church 
Hymns, with tho tuno " Oswestry," composed 
for it by Dr. Dykes. Since 1871 it lias passed 
into several hymn-books in G. Britain, and 
into ono or two in America. [J, J, } 

Great Author of my being. C.Wesley. 
[Death desired.} 1st pub. in his Hys. and Sac. 
Poems, 1749, vol. ii., in 8 at. of 8 1., as tho 
third hymn of several on " Desiring Death." 
(P. Works, 1868-72. vol. v. p. 202.) In 1825 
J. Montgomery included a cento therefrom in 
his Christian Psalmitt, No. 338, but this has 
not como into 0. U. Another cento is No. 574 
in tho American Sabbath H. Bk., 1868, and 
later editions. Both centos begin "Great 
AnthoT," *c. [J. J.] 

Great Creator, Who this day. Julia 
Anne Elliott [Sunday.} Contributed to her 
husband's Ps. & Hys., 1835, in S st of 6 1. 
In the 1st ed. it was given without signature, 
but in later editions her initials " I. A. E. " 
were added. It is in 0. U. in G. Britain and 
America. In Kennedy, 1863, the original is 
given with one slight change as No. 898 ; and 
ntsii in a much altored form beginning, 
" Father, Who the light this day," as No. 1457. 

[J. J.} 

Great Father Of each perfect gift. 
P.Doddridqe. [Whitsuntide.] Thishymnis 
No. 89 of tho d. mss., but is undated. It was 
1st pub. in J. Orion's (posthumous) ed. of 
Doddridge's Hymns, &c, 1755, No. 251, in 5 
st of 4 1., and headed, " The descent of the 



GREAT GOD, RTDULGE 

Spirit, or His influence desired," Acts x. 44, 
It was also repeated in J. D. Humphreys's 
ed. of the same, 1839, No. 276. There are 
slight differences in tho text of each, but that 
of Orion is commonly received as the original. 
The hymn is in several important collections 
in G. Britain and America. In the American 
Bapt. Praise Bk* 1871, No. 522, it begins, 
" Great Father of ourfeebU rate." [J. J.] 

Great First of beings, Mighty Lord. 

S. Browne. [Creation.'] 1st pub. in his Hys. 
and Spiritual Songs, 1720, and repeated in 
later editions, as No. 39, in 8 at. of 4 1., and 
headed, " All things made for God." In the 
American Prayer Bk. Coll* 1826, 6 st. were 
given as No. 3, and this arrangement (some- 
times with further omissions) is also found 
in other American collections. [J. J.] 

Great Former of this various frame. 

P. Doddridge- [If- Year.] This is No. 69 of 
the n. hss., iB dated, "Jan. 1, 1735," ftn( l 
headed, " The mutability of Creation, and the 
immutability of God," It was 1st pub. by J. 
Orion in his (posthumous) ed. of Doddridge's 
Hymns, to;., No. 64, in 6 st. of 4 1., and with 
the same heading; and again, with slight 
variations, in the text, by J. L>. Humphreys, in 
his ed. of tho same, 1839, No, 67. Although 
in 0. U. in G. Britain and America, it is not 
so popular as many of Doddridge's hymns, 

[J, J,] 

Great God, and wilt Thou oonde- 
scend? Ann Gilbert. [To God the Father.] 
1st appeared in A, & J.Taylor's Hymns for 
Infant Minds, 1810, No. 5, in 5 st. of 4 L 
(ed. 1886, p. 10). It is entitled, "Our 
Father, which art in heaven." For raauy 
years it was received as tho production of Jam 
Taylor; but now, on the authority of Mrs. 
Gilbert's Memorials, it is rightly assigned to 
tho latter. It is of this hymn that her bio- 
grapher writes : — 

11 It may not be too much to say that the manner of 
the Divine Teacher has been seldom more nearly sp- 
proarhed. Such might have been the little child whom 
* He set In the midst.' In such words might the most 
mature Christian address his Father in heaven." Memo- 
rial 1. 1814, vol. 1. p. StM. 

This ie the most popular of Mrs. Gilbert's 
hymns, and is in extensive use in all English- 
speaking countries. [J. J,} 

Great God, as seasons disappear. 

E. Butcher. [Harvest.] This hymn is adapted 
to Sermon xvi., in 6 st. of 4 1., in his Sermons 
to which are added suitable Hymns, 1798. It 
is found in tvfo forms, the first chiefly in the 
Nonconformist collections, including Bap. Pt. 
and Hys. t 18S8 ; Spurgeon's O. O. H. Bk., 
1866, No. 1033, and others ; and the second in 
several hymn-books in the Church of England. 
The text in the latter, as found in Bp. Bicker- 
ateth's Pt. & Hys., 1858; Harland's Ch. Psal- 
ter, Ac., is much altered, and dates from Bick- 
ersteth's Christ. Psalmody, 1833. [J. J.] 

Great God, indulge my humble 
claim. I. Walts. [Ps. Ixiii.] 1st pub. in 
his Psalms of David, &c, 1719. in 8 st of 4 L, 
and headed, "Longing after God; or, The 
Love of God better than life." In modem 
hymn-books it is given as follows ; — 

1. The original text In full in ■ limited number of 
collecting, 

2. The cento given In some of the Methodist hymn* 



GftBAT GOD, NOW 

book*. This is composed of st.i.-iii., vi.,vlll. These 
Manns, much altered, were given In J. Wesley's Pi. 
it Bj/t., 1)41, end liter ediuoni. They were again 
altered, Mid In tnta last revised form were included In 
tbe M, to tbe Wei. A Bk., 1830, as No. 69) (revised 
ed. I»f6, No. «i). 

3, Centos of virions lengths from the original, all 
beginning with St. L 

4. The cento, No. S3, to t\»Xae Qtng., 1868: "Great 
God, permit my bumble clslm." 

In erne or more of these voriouB farms this 
hymn is in. 0. U. in ail English-speaking 
countries. [J. J.] 

Great God, now condescend. J. Fel- 

lotos. [Holy Baptism."] Appeared in his Jn- 
/aiits Dtsoofed to Got*, but «o( JBoptt'wd, 1773, 
No. 22, in 7 Bt. of 4 1. In 1787, 5 stanzas 
were given in Bippon's Bap. Set., as No. 33G, 
and this lias become the recognised form of 
the hymn. It is in extensive use, especially 
in America, and is one or tbe best known of 
Fellows's hymns. [J. J.] 

Oreat God I o'er heaven and earth 
supreme. E. (Mar. [Sunday 8. Anniver- 
#ary.] let pub. in Hall's Mitre if. Bk., 1836, 
No. 281, in 3 st, of 8 1., and entitled, " Men 
Stewards of God's bounties." In the June 
number of Osier's Church and King, 1837, , it 
was repeated for the 2nd S. after Trinity, with 
the change in st. ii, 1. 8, of "We take," to 
"We hail." In tho a P. C, K. Hymns, 1852, 
No. 193, it was given as "Great God! to 
heaven and earth supreme," and repeated in 
later editions. Tho bytnn No. 424, in the Irish 
Church Hymnal, 1873, and beginning with tbe 
same line, is a cento, in 4 st of which st. i. t 
L I., and st ii. and iv. are from Osier altered, 
and tbe rest is from Doddridge's "Jesus, my 
Lord, how rich Thy grace " (q. v.), st. ii. and y. 

[J. J.] 

Great God of Abraham, hear our 
prayer. T. CotteriU. [For the Conversion of 
the Jew*.'] 1st pub. in the 8th ed. < f his 
Selection, 1819, No. 242, in 5 st of 4 1., and 
headed, "For the conversion of the Jews" 
(sec Ootterill, I.). It was repeated in the 9th 
ed., 1820, and all subsequent reprints of that 
ed. It is in many modem hymn-books, al- 
though it is not so popular as of old ; and in 
several it is ascribed to " Davie*," an error 
whioh appeared in Bicfcerstcth's Christian 
Pialmody, 1833. [J. J.] 

Great God of heaven, and nature, 
rise. P. Doddridge. [National Fast.J In 
the v. iras., No. 83, this hymn is dated "An 
hymn for the Fast day, Jan. 9, 17JJ." The 
Fast day was that appointed at the opening of 
tbe war with Spain. The hymn was pub. in 
J. Orton's (posthumous) ed. of Doddridge's 
Hpmnt, Ac, 1755, No. 368, in 6 st of 4 1., and 
with tho more general heading, " An Hymn 
for a FastJay in Time of War" ; and again, 
with slight variations, in J. D. Humphreys's 
ed. of the same, 1839, No, 395. In Bome oollee- 
tions, as Mercer, the New Cong., and others, it 
is abridged, and begins, " Great God of heaven 
trad earth, arise." It is found in both forma in 
several modern collections. [3. J.] 

Great God, our infant voioes raise, 

[Praiie to the Father.'] Pub. anonymously in 
Bowlaud Hill's Hysjfor the Use of S. Schools, 
le08,in4Bt.of 61. The hymn was designed to 
bo sung by children, the congregation taking 



GREAT GOD, TO MB 



463 



st, iv. as a chorus. In the Bristol 8. S. H. Bk,. 
1812; that at, was omitted, and has not since 
been restored. In BtoweU's Manchester Sel, 
1831, No. 156, tbe opening line of the hymn 
begins, "Great God, our voice to Thee tee 
raise," and in one or two other hymn-books the 
first line is again altered to "Great God, our 
youUifvi voices raise." [W. T. BJ 

Great God, the nations of the earth. 

T. Gibbon*. TMimon*.] This poem was 1st 
pub. in his Hye, adapted to Divine Worship, 
are., 1769, Bk. ii„ No. 69, in 46 st. of 4 !., 
divided into 7 ports, and headed, " The uni- 
versal diffusion of the Gospel promised by 
God and pleaded by His people," The 7 parts 
are: — 

1. •' Great Ood, the nations of the earth," lit t St. 
of 4. L ti. " O when shall AfHc's sable bods f " In S it. 
of 41. 111. "Father, is not Thy promise pledged;" In 
1st. of 41. Iv. " When Jesus shall ascend Hie throne," 
Id 9 it. of 4 1, v. " When Christ assumes Hie throne, 
thla song," in 8 st. of 4 1. vi. " When Christ is throned 
on Zlon is hill," In list, of 41. Til. "Tbe seed In scanty 
handfuls sown," In 1 at. of 4 I. 

From this poem tho following hymns and 
centos have eomc into C. U. :— 

1, Oreat Ood, the nation* ef Die earth, This wis 
given In fiippon's Bant. Sd., 1)8), No. 42D, In 1 st. In 
the edition of ISM It was Increased to IS St., of which 
viii.-x. were not by Gibbons, and their presence Is ex- 
plained In a note which reads :— " Verses B, 9, and 10 of 
this hymn, in eubotance, were written off JRirgatt, by 
Mr. William Ward, one of the Baptist Missionaries, on 
their departure fur India, May S3, 1)99." It is the Urst 
part of thla arrangement of the bymn which is usually 
InC. II. 

I. Oreat Oed, is set Thy promise pledged t This 
Is composed of et. Land v. of Kill, It Is la C. U. hi 
America. 

t. lord, send Thy word, and let it fly. This Is 
compiled from Pts. it, Iv. and vll. (st. 13, 14, 24, 28, and 
40 of Glbbons's numbering), with slight alterations, and 
Is In American C. II., as Hatfield's Chanh II. Bk., Itfft, 
No. 123*. 

4. Fajher, ia net Thy promise pledged! Included 
in Rlppon's Sel., I)8T, So. 419, snd again In later edi- 
tions, and In ether collections. QW. T. B.] 

Great God, this [hallowed] saored 
day of Thine, Anne Steele. [Sunday^] It 
was included In her MieceUaneou* Poems, 
which were added to her Poems on Subjects 
chiefly Devotional (1st ed., 1760}, as a third 
volume in 1780, p. 138, in 4 st of 6 1. 1st pub. 
in 1769 in the Bristol Bapt Cell, of Ash and 
Evans, No. 308, and from that dato it camo 
into general and somewhat extensive use. In 
some collections it begins, "Great God, this 
haUota'd day of Thine." Its use in this form 
is limited. Orig. text in D. Sedgwick's re- 
print of Miss Steele's Ilynnt, 1863, p. 151. 

[J. J.] 

Great God, to me the eight afford. 
C. Wttley. [God on Sinai.] The cento which 
is known by this opening line is compiled 
from C. Wesley's Short Hymns, &c, 1762, as 
follows : — 

St. I., 11, Sliort %nn«, vol..!.. No. ISO. -St. HI., Iv, 
Short Ifytnnt, vol. 1, No. 16). St. v., vl., Short Uyamt, 
vol, t, So. 163. 

The hymn given as the second part of the 
same, " Thy ceaseless, unexhausted love," is 
composed of: — 

St. t, II.. Sfcort Jtymni, voL 1, No. IGQ. St. til., Iv, 
Short Hvttmt, vol. 1., No. ITS. St. v, vl., Short Ifynni, 
vol. I.. No. m. 

These two centos were given in tho Wet, M. 
Bk., 1780, as Nos. 240, 241. Tbey are re- 



454 GKEAT GOD, TO THEE 

peated in several collections in G. Britain and 
America. [J. J.] 

Great God, to Thee our songs we 
raise. [Beaigna (ton.] Appeared anony- 
moiiBly in the Foundling Colt, 1796, and sub- 
secruent editions, in 3 st of 6 1. In 1810 it 
was transferred, with slight alterations, to the 
Rev. J. Kempthome's Select Portion of Ps. & 
By$., No. 132, and from thence it has passed 
into a few modem collections. In the Irish 
Church Hymnal, 1373, the text is altered 
somewhat freely. In D. Sedgwick's marked 
copy of Kemptharne's Pa. & By*., 1810, rile 
authorship is ascribed to Kempthorne, but 
without authority. In common with other 
hymns of high merit, which come to us from 
the Foundling CoU., its authorship is unknown. 

[W. T. B.] 

Great God, we sing that [Thy] 
mighty hand. P. Doddridge. [New Year.] 
Pub. by J. Orton in the posthumous cd. ot 
Doddridge's Bymna, &c., 1755, No. 157, in 5 st. 
of 4 1., and again with variations in the text, 
by J. D. Humphreys's cd. of the same, 1839, 
No. 282, the general heading in both being, 
"Help obtained of God, Acta xxvl. 22. For 
the Now Year." In some collections it begins, 
" Great God, we praise Thy mighty hand " ; 
and in others, "Great Gud, we sing Thy 
mighty hand." Usually, however, the altera- 
tions, both in the English and American 
hymn-books, are veTy slight. [J. J.] 

Great God, what do I see and hear ? 

[.idttent.] It is sometimes stated that this 
hymn isoased upon the Dies Irae. With that 
sequence, however, it has no oonneotion except 
that tile two hymns are on the same subject. 
The commonly accepted statement that the 
hymn is by Martin Luther is still more apo- 
cryphal. A rendering of the Dies Irae into 
German which appeared in 15S5 (Wackernagd, 
iv, pp. 844-5) was revised by Bartholomaus 
Bingwaldt and pub. in his HandbSehlin, 1536, 
and this was tr. by J. C. Jocobi, 1722. It is 
said that Hingwaldt's version was again tr. by 
another hand, c. 1802 ; and finally adopted by 
Dr. Collyer in 1812. How far this is correct 
will bo gathered from the following facts : — 

1. The opening stanza of Kingwaldt's text, 
1586, is:— 

" Est 1st gewiasllch an der Zeit 

DassGotteaSohn wirdkommen, 
In seiner grossen Her rllchkeit, 

Zu richteu Bos und Frommen ; 

D» wild das Lsahen werden theur 

Wenn Alice wlrd vergehn ltn Feur 

WJe Petrus davon schreibet." 

2. The tr. by J. C. Jacobi, given in his 
Pxalmodia Qermantea, Ac, 1722, p. 95, is ; — 

" 'Tte sure that awful Time will come, 

When Christ the Lord of Glory 
Shall from his Throne give Men their Doom 

And change what's Transitory j 
Who then will venture to retire, 
When all's to i>e consum'd by Fire 

As Peter hsa declared ? " 

3. The anonymous stanza pub. in Pa. & 
Hys. for Pub. and Private Devotion, Sheffield, 
1802, is :— 

" Great God! what do I see and hear! 

The end of things created ! 
The Judge of mankind doth appear 

On clouds of glory seated ! 
The trumpet sounds I the graves restore 
The dead which they contain'd before ! 

Prepare, my soul, to meet Him." 



GBEAT GO©, WHAT DO 

The only resemblance this stanza has to 
Jacobi's tr., or to the German from which he 
tr., is in tho subject, and the metre common 
to them all. Strictly speaking, therefore, the 
history of "Great God, what do I see and 
hear 1 " begins with the anonymous stanza in 
the Sheffield Pa. & Bys. of 1802. This stanza 
was repeated in J. Kempthome's Sel. Portions 
of Pa. & By%., 1810; It. Asplaud's Unitarian 
Set of Pt. & But., 1810, and others. 

4. In 1812, Dr. Collyer gave this stanza in 
his Byt. partly Collected and partly Original, 
&o., No. 856, with the following additional 
stanzas : — 

2. "The dead in Cbrlat are first to rise, 

And greet &' archangel's warning j 
To meet the Savionr in tike aides; 

On this auspicious morning j 
No gloomy fears their souls dismay. 
His presence sheds eternal day. 

On those prepar'd to meet Him. 

3. " Far over space, to distant spheres. 

The lightnings are prevailing ; 
Th' ungodly rise, and all their tears 

And sighs are unavailing : 
The day of grace is post and gene, 
They shake before the Judgment throne, 

All unprepar'd to meet Him. 
*. " Stay, fancy, stay, and close thy wings, 

Repress thy Bight too daring ; 
One wondrous eight my comfort brings, 

The Judge my nature wearing : 
Beneath His cross I view the day, 
When heaven and earth sliall pass away 

And thus prepare to meet Him ! " 

To the hymn as thus constituted, Dr, 
Collyer added the following note :— 

'* This hymn, which Is adapted to Luther's celebrated 
tune, is universally ascribed to that great man. As 1 
never saw more than this first verse, I was obliged to 
lengthen It for the completion of the subject, and am 
responsible for the verses which follow." 

5. The next stage in thehistoryof the hymn 
is supplied by T. Cotterill. In the 8th ed. of 
his Sel., 1819, No. 199, the original stanza of 
1802 was given unaltered; but in the 9th cd., 
1820, No. 163, it was followed by the remain- 
ing stanzas being altered thus : — 

». " The dead In Christ shall Erst arise, 
M the last trumpet' t founding, 

Cawjht icp to meet Sim, in the skies, 
with joy their Lard surrounding i 

No gloomy fearB their souls dismay ; 

His presence sheds eternal day 
On those prepared to meet Hffm. 

3. "But sinners, filled with guilty fears, 

Behold Hie wrath prevailing; 
For they shall rise, and find their tears 

And sighs are unavailing : 
The day of grace is past and gone : 
Trembling they stand before the throne, 

All unprepared to meet Him. 

4. " Great God 1 what do 1 see and hear I 

The end of things created! 
The Judge of mankind doth appear 

On clouds of gtory seated! 
Beneath Hie cross I view the day. 
When heaven and earth (hall pass away, 

And thus prepare to meet Him." 

6. From 1820 onwords the work of altera- 
ation has been carried on, CottcriU'e test being 
more strictly adhered to than any other. More 
tli&n twenty versions are found in hymn-books 
in C. U. at the present time, the most im- 
portant being H. A. & AT., 1875, from Cotterill, 
through Murray's Hymnal, 1852 ; the S.P.C.K. 
Church Hymns, 1871, from Cotterill through 
BickeTsteth's Christ. Psalmody, 1833; the 
Hy. Camp., 187(5, also through Biehersteth; 
Turing's Coll., 1882, from Cotterill, with 
alterations by the editor ; and the Bymnary, 



SF 



GREAT GOD. WHEBE'EB 

1872, from CotterHl, with emendations by the 
compilers. In the Hymaary it begins, " 
God, what do I Bee and hew ! '' and in T. 
Darling's Hymns, 1887, H Lord God, what do I 
see and hear." In the American Church Praise 
Bk,, 1882, st. i., ii. and iv. ere from Hyt. A. & 
M. (see aboTe), and st iii. is from Dr. Milk's 
Jr. w " Sobon ist der Tag von Gott bestimmt " 
802, L). With regard to all the versions 
this hymn, careful collation shows that 
the Sheffield Ps. & Hyt. of 1802, and CoHyer, 
in 1812, supplied Hie materials ; Ootteriu in 
1820 shaped the edifice, and individual editors 
have since added, in some cases adornments, 
and in others disfigurements, thereto. Some 
forms of the text have been rendered into 
several languages, including that in the Ap- 
pendix to the S. P. 0. K. Ps. & Hyt., 1863, 
into Latin by K. Bingham, in his Hymn. 
Christ, Latino, 1871, as " Hague Dens, qua 
videndal" [J.J7] 

Great God, where'er we pitch our 
tent. B.Beddome. [FamilyWorihip.'] This 
hymn on " Going to a new habitation," ap- 
peared in Bippon's SeL, 1787, No. 333, in 2 st. 
of 4 )., and from thence it has passed into a 
few modem collections. In Bcddome's (post- 
humous) Hyt. adapted to Puttie Worship, 1817, 
it is given as stanzas iii. and iv. of the hymn, 
"Bless'd Lord, my wandering heart recal." 
The text in Jtippon and in Beddome's Hymnt, 
is slightly different. The former is that in C.U. 

IJ. J.] 

Great God, Whose universal sway. 
I. Watte. [Pi. Ixxii,] 1st pub. in his Psalms 
of David, &k, 1719, as the 1st port of his 
version of Ps. Ixxii, in 6 st. of 4 I, and en- 
titled " The Kingdom of Christ" It is fol- 
lowed by pt ii., " Jesus shall reign where'er 
the sun r ' (5.V.), in 8 st of 4 1. Three hymns, 
all beginning with the same stanza, " Great 
God, Whose, 3 &c, are in C. U. as follows ;— 

I. The original as above. This is la a few modem 
collections In G. Britain. In America it Is very popular. 

a. In K W. Eddia'i Irvlngite fl^i, /or the Uu of tKe 
Omrehtt, law. No. 8 is composed of et. 1. and vl. of 
this hymn, and At. iv. and v. of " Jesus shall retgn," &c. 

3. In tie same oaileotlou. No. 143 is made np of at. 1., 
as above, and st. vL^rill., of " Jesua shall ieb£n," &0. 
These oentoe are limited in their use. [J. J .] 

Great is the Lord, of high renown, 
/. Eeblt. [Pt. sdviii.] This version of Ps. 
xlviii. appeared in two parts in his Psalter, or 
Ps. 0/ David in English verm, 1839, pt i., 
consisting of 5 st of 4 I., and pt ii. of 7 st of 
4 1. The latter began : — " Our ears have 
heard, and now our eyes," and iu 1863 was 
given unaltered in Kennedy, as No. 1078, and 
with tile addition of a doxology. [J. J.] 

Great is the Lord our God. I. Wattt. 
[Pi. xfoffi.] 1st pub, iu his PmJw of David, 
Ac., 1719, in 7 st of 4 1., and headed, "The 
Church is the honour and safety of a nation." 
The popular form of this hymn is composed 
of st i., ii., vi., vii. This is in extensive uso 
in G. Britain and America, and embodies the 
oft-quoted stanza : — 

" These temples of Hie grace. 
How besntdfttl titer stand 
The henoors of vox native place, 
The bnlwaika of our land," 

In a few cases the text is altered, and some- 
times, as is the New Mitre, 1875, a doxology 
is added. [J, J.] 



GREAT RULER OF THE 455 

Great is their peaoe who love TOiy 
law, I. Wattt. [Pi. cxix.] This cento in 
the Leedt H. Bk., 1833, No. 162, is compiled 
from Watts's o.u. version of Pa cxix. as follows : 

St. i. from pt. i. st. ill. g st. (I. from pt. v. st. L ( St. ill. 
from pi. 11. st. iv. j st. Iv. from pt. v, st vi. 

The original version of Ps. cxix. extends to 
18 parts, and was 1st pub. in Watts's Ptalms 
of David, Sen., 1719. [J. J.] 

Great King of nations, hear our 
prayer. J. HOurney. [PaoKo Fait.] 1st 
pub. in his Lutterworth CoU. of Hyt. for P%3>. 

Worship, 1838, No. 76, in 3 st of 4 double 
lines, and headed, "Fast Day; or, Time of 
Public Calamity." It was repeated in the 
Marylebcne Pi. <fc Hyt., 1851, Ho. 66, and is 
found in numerous modem collections, includ- 
ing H. A. A M., the B. P. C. K. Chvreh Hyt., 
the Hy. Camp., &o. It ranks as one of the 
best hymns for the occasion of Public Pasting. 

[J. J.] 
Great King of Saints, enthroned on 
high, [On behalf of Church OJjicer».] This 
hymn was given anonymously in W. Urwick's 
(ML of Hymns, &c, Dublin, 1820, No. 202, 
inSst of 4 L, and headed, "Praise and Prayer 
for the Office-bearers of the Church." In 18SU 
it was included in J. Gander's Cong. Hy. Bk., 
No. 193, and in some copies it was signed 
" Condor," in the index. This, however, was 
subsequently omitted. The history of this 
hymn goes "back to Bippon's Bap, Sel., 1787, 
No. 417, "Fair Sion's King, we suppliant 
bow," which was given in the 4th ea. of J. 
Dobell's New Selection (1st ed. 1806), No. 209 
(second port), as, " Great King of Siou, gra- 
cious God." This was again rewritten and 
given in TJrwi6k*s B~ytttn$ as above. Its au- 
thorship has not been determined. [J. J.] 

Great Ruler of all nature's frame. 
P.Doddridge. [Providence.] In the "ii.mbs." 
this hymn is No. 51, is headed " God's mercy 
in moderating the storms of affliction, from Is. 
xxvii. 8," and is dated " Deo. 10, 1737." Tho 
same text wasgiven in tiie posthumous ed. of 
Doddridge's Hymns, Ac, 1755, No. 62, in 4 st 
of 4 L, and again in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of 
the same, 1839, No. 108. Its use in G. Britain 
is limited, but in America it is extensive. The 
hymn, "Maker of all things, mighty Lord," 
by E Osier, in Hall's Mitre H. Bk., 1836, No. 
48, is composed of st. L, ii. item this hymn 
(altered), and the rest by Osier. [J. J.] 

Great Ruler of the earth and skies. 
A word of Tby, &o. Anne Steele. [Na- 
tional Thanktgiving for Peace.'] 1st pub. in 
her Poena on Subjects chiefly Devotional, 1760, 
vol i. p. 38, in 6 st of i 1., and entitled, 
" Praise for National Peace." In 1787 it was 
given iu Bippon's Bapt SeL, No. 531, and sub- 
sequently in a large number of hymn-books 
in G. Britain and America, including the 
Cooke & Denton Hymnal, 1853 ; Stowell's Pi. 
& Hyt., 1831 (15th ed., 1877), &0. Orig. text 
in D. Sedgwick's reprint of her Hymm, &c, 
1863, [J. J.] 

Great Ruler of the earth and sky, 
In boundless deeps, Sw- 8. Broome. 
[Providence.] In 1716 John Clarke, of Lon- 
don, pub. The Error of them who devize Evil. 
A Senium Preack'd in the Old Jewry, Nov. 5, 



456 GREAT SAVIOUR, WHO 

1716, By Simon Browne, and appended thereto 
this hymn on "Mysterious rrovidenoe," in 
9 st of 4 1. It was afterwards included, with 
the same title as No. 129, in Browne's Hyt. & 
Spiritual Song*, 1720. It is in a few modern 
boots. [J. J.] 

Great Saviour, "Who didst conde- 
scend. {Public Worship^ TuiB children's 
hymn for use in Public Warship was given 
anonymously in Rowland Hill's Hys. for the 
Use of 8. School*, 1808, No. 177, in 5 st of 4 L 
In 1612 it was repeated in a Bristol S. 8. H. 
Bk.; in 1896 in the Cong. H. Bk. ; and again 
in others to modem hymn-books in G. Britain 
and America, including the Jffrfk. 8. 8. H. Bk., 
1879, Ac. [W. T. B.] 

Great Shepherd of Thine Israel. I. 
Wall*. [Pt. tesws.J Appeared in his Pi. of 
David, Ac., 1719, in 12 et of 4 1., and entitled, 
"The Chnroh's Prayer under Affliction; or, 
Tho Vineyard of God wasted." It is usually 
given in modem hymnals, both in G. Britain 
and America, in an abbreviated form, and 
sometimes as, " Great Leader ot Thine Israel." 
In the lrvingLteHy*.for,the U*e of the Ckwchet, 
1864, No. 68, st. v.-viii., slightly altered, are 
given as, "Lord, Thou hast planted with 
Thine bands." The opening lines of this ver- 
sion of Pa Ixxs. : — 

" Great fibepherf of Thine ItraeL. 
Who didst between the cherubs dwell." 

are from Sir J. Denham's version of the same 
PBalm, 1714. [J. J.] 

Great Source of being and of love. 

P. Doddridge. [River of Living Water.'] 1st 
pub. in his (posthumous) Hymn*, &c, 1755, 
No. 147, in 6 st. of 4 L, and headed, " The 
waten of the Sanctuary healing, the Dead 
Sea." To this is added, in order to explain 
the 5th stanza, "■ To the Dead Sea the waters 
flow," the note : — 

" The Sea or Lake, where Sodom, GomorTah, &c*. had 
stood, widen -wm patrld and poisonous; and ancient 
writers say that no Fish could live in it." 
The same text, but with the omission of the 
note, was repeated in J. D. Hwnphrays's edi- 
tion of the Hymns. &c. 1839, No. 165. In 
some modern hymn-books Bt v. is omitted, as 
in Jfartineau's Hymn*, &c, 1873. [J. J J 

Great Source of life, oar souls con- 
fess. P. Doddridge. [Thanksgiving for Per- 
ianal Benefit*.] This hymn is No. 10 in the 
" n. mbs." but is undated. It is in 5 st. of 4 1., 
and entitlod, " Of walking before the Lord in 
the land of the living," Ps. csvi. 9. The same 
text was given in his (posthumous) Hymn*. &c, 
1755, No. 50, but tlte title was changed to, 
" Deliverance celebrated and good resolutions 
formed" ; and again in J. D. Humphreys's ed. 
of the Hymns, &c., 1839, No. 72. In some 
modem collections st iL is omitted, as in Mer- 
cer's Ch. Psalter * H. Bk., ed. 1861, No. 507. 
Usually, however, it is given in full. [J. J.] 

Great Source of unexhausted good. 

[Providence Acknowledged.] Appeared in the 
Exeter Unitarian Coll., 1812, No. 186, in 5 st. 
of 6 1. ; headed, " GrateM acknowledgement 
of God's constant Goodness" ; and marked in 
the Index with an asterisk denoting that it 
was first published therein. In modern Ame- 



GBEEK HYMNQDY 

rican Unitarian collections, as the Boston By. 
A Tune Bk., 1868, No. 148, it is abbreviated to 
3 st [W. T. B.] 

Great was the day, the joy was 
great. J. Watt*. [Whitsuntide— Missions^ 
From his Hy*. & 8. Song*, 1709, Bk. iL, No. 
144, in 8 at of 4 1., into a few modem collec- 
tions. In the Bapt P*. <£ Hy*., 1858, No. 287, 
the lines : — 

" Go, and assert your Saviour's cause ; 
Go, spread the myaterv of Els Qroas," 

are changed to : — 

*' Go, and your Saviour's Cross proclaim : 
Go, teach all nations In my rTaxne." 

This change is not generally adopted. [J. J.] 

Greding, Johann Ernst. phfts, J, 0., 
No.L] 

Greek Hyjunody. § i. Introduction. 
The ancient Greek hymns range themselves 
under two radically distinct classes: those 
written in the decaying classical metres, with 
increasing disregard to the rules of quantity : 
and the tar larger and more important class 
found in the Service Books of the Eastern 
Oliurch, which is more oriental ill character, 
with an affinity to the Hebrew modes ; and 
which, issuing from the hymns of the Old 
Covenant and the Angelic hymu at Bethle- 
hem, developea itself into the elaborated 
canons of the eighth and ninth oenturies, 

A. (Matsieal Metres. 

§ ii. A copious selection of Christian 
hymns in classical measures, chiefly Ana- 
creontic, may be seen in Daniel's Thesaurus, 
vol. iit, in AntkohgUt Gtaeca Carminum 
Christianorvm, by Christ and Paranikas, and 
in Poetae Veteres Graeei, by La Roviere. The 
latest of these includes hymns by Leo the 
Wise (886-912), and the Patriarch Photius 
(died 891). Some of the most important will 
be noted in the following sketch. Two 
remarks may be made on them of a general 
character. They afford constant evidence of 
that change which shows itself in Latin as 
well as Greek, an increasing disregard of the 
old taws of quantity. (Instances may be seen 
in Anthdogia Oraee. Car. Christ, Prolego- 
mena, p. xxxvi. The interchange of o and w 
as equivalent sounds is a common illustration 
of the fact.) And secondly, none of these 
classical measures, except iu three Iantbio 
canons of St. John of Damascus (see below, 
§5 xvL 11, xviL 2), were ever, bo far as can be 
gathered, admitted into the public worship 
of the Church. 

§ iii. Clement of Alexandria. The earliest 
of these hymns, and the oldest of all Christian 
hymns, Sto/iio* niikair ata&v (Bridle of 
steeds untamed), is attached to the iroiSo- 
yaySt of Clement of Alexandria (170-220). 
It has been disputed whether it is really by 
Clement himself, or has been added by 
another hand, as an act of devotion founded 
on the book to which it is annexed. " Though 
its phraseology is adapted to the perfect 
Gnostic of Alexandria in the second century " 
(lAddon), there is nothing in its bright verai- 
cles — full of childlike trust in Christ, as tho 
Shepherd, the Fisher of Souls, the Everlasting 
Word, the Eternal Light — that is not to be 
foundinthepagesofHolyWrit. Itiswrittenin 



GREEK HYMNODY 

Dimeter Anapjaatica. (See Anth. Grate. Car. 
Christ,, p.37,andDaitJeI,iii, &) It has been 
translated by Dr. Bonar; by Mr. Chatfield in 
Sbujw And Ifymni of the EaiUett Greek Chrit- 
Horn Posts, p. 155; and in Ante-Nieene Christ. 
Lib. i. 841, seq. The latter of these gives 
the best idea of the original structure. 

Jiv. Gregory of Xaaanau (329-89). Among 
the religious poetry of Gregory of Naxjanxus, 
written for the most part after his retirement 
from the Court at Constantinople to bis oell at 
Naiianzus, there are hymns of a high order ; 
rapt contemplations of the Triune Godhead, 
tinged with Platonic phrases to some extent, 
but fer more vividly recalling the Creed of 
Constantinople. The finest perhaps are 
'd riimr hrittan (" All-oircling Infinite ") in 
Hexameters, snd the Anacreontic 21 *hv 
&p6mr porifxt* ("Thee, King Immortal"). 
But the wanner tone of adoration in the 
"Hymn to Christ after Silence" at Easter 
Xprr*, fcwfc ** *f*rec) ("Thee first, 
Christ the King") appeals more to the 
emotions. A full selection of these hymns 
will be found in Anth. Graeo. Car. Christ., all 
of which have been gracefully translated in 
Mr. ChatfleM's Song* and Hymn*, &c The 
■election in Daniel iii. is slightly fuller. 
The author of The TAfe of Sen by a Lay- 
[J. ft. Aadtrdoa] has drawn a parallel, 



GBEBK HYMJTODY 



457 



suggested originally by Ken himself, between 
oar own prelate and Gregory. The sadden 
fall from his brilliant eminence — as the 
eloquent preacher of the Anastasis, the 
Patriarch enthroned by the Emperor's own 
hand, and the president of the (Ecumenical 
Council of Constantinople — to ignominious 
abdication and return to the cell of hir 
humbler life ; the employment of his remain- 
ing years in sacred poetry ; and even the 
traits of heart and temper which the poems 
exhibit, hare analogies in Ken. " The Ad- 
dress to hi* own Soul," Tf inn ft&cu ymiatat 
C* What wonldst thou have") (see Anth. Oraec 
Gar. Christ., p. 26, and Mr. Chatneld's 
vigorous translation), a caustic, scornful 
soliloquy, recalls often the sudden tuniB of 
Herbert, end the contempt of life and earth 
which inspires "The Exit" of Baxter and 
"The Challenge" of Sir Walter Roteigli. 
The morning and evening hymns of Gregory 
cannot be named beside Ken's; bat on the 
other hand nothing else of Ken eqnnls the 
loftiness of Gregory, ro *«tofy «f jftilimu.] 

J v. Synetiv* (375-480). Ten hymns of 
this eloquent and philosophio bishop, not all 
written at the same period of his life, and yet 
considered by him as farming a single book 
(see the 10th hymn, KvtUo Xpurri~) (■' Remem- 
ber, O Christ "i are beautif ul examples of that 
speculative adoration of the Triune God- 
head, which the Platonic philosophy inspired. 
The 8th Jiynm, 'Tn& Z&ptoy hpfwyir, gives a 
tender portraiture of his lovo of liis wife and 
children; and the 3rd, 'Ay* not ¥»£<(, 
the longest of all, written in times of greater 
peace ftxr his beloved Libya after his 
return from the court of Arcadius, shows 
the fervour of his patriotism. They ore 
written in Anacreontic, Logmlio, Spondauvand 
Anapssstio metres, and ore printed in thejfaft. 
Craws. Carm, Christ,, p. 20, seq., from whence 
they have been translated by Mr. Chatfleld. 



The 10th hymn, in Mr. Chatfleld's representa- 
tion of it (" Lord Jesu, think on mo,") has 
been adopted in H. A, <fc M^ and by Mr. 
Thring, but the Western form and expansion 
are the translator's. Though of great spirit, 
reality and beauty, the hymns of Synesitu lie 
confessedly on the borderland of Christianity 
and Neo-Platnnism, and often it is the Platonic 
rather than the specially Christian thought 
that inspires his most refined passages. It 
has been doubted, but perhaps erroneously, 
whether he believed in the Resurrection. 
(See Anth. Oram. Carm, Christy p. ix., and 
Chatfleld's Introduction, p. i. seq.) 

§ vL Sophroniui, Patriarch of Jerusalem 
(629); The poems of this prelate illustrate 
the distinction between the hymns in classical 
metres and those of the ritual of the Churoh 
which are to be treated below. Two or three 
Idiomela. written in the accustomed style, 
are found in the Menaea and Horokgion. (See 
Attth. Grace. Carm. Christ, pp. HiL 96.) His 
Anacreontic hymns, on the other hand, are 
not to be found in the Greek Service-books. 
They have been published in Cardinal Mai's 
SpieOegitm Bomanum, 1810, vol. iv., from 
which lull extraots have been made in Daniel, 
iii., and Anth. Grata. Carm. Chritt,, pp. 44-6. 
They are all written in the same metre; Ionic 
dimetre; but at intervals of fifteen or twenty 
lines varied by a couplet of different metre, 
"technically known as tawtikXtaii," generally 
expressive of some comment or aspiration aris- 
ing out of the narrative given in the rest. 
They are long narratives, on the Annunciation, 
the Nativity, the Visit of the Magi, the Bap- 
tism, the Triumphal Entry, the Last Supper, 
the Cross, the Ascension ; on St. Paul, St. John, 
St Stephen, and certain saints. The most 
interesting is on the Holy Places, giving on 
insight into the appearance of Jerusalem and 
the spots held sacred in his day. It is in 
stanzas of four lines, the iuitial letters of the 
si&nzas being the letters of the alphabet in 
order. These hymns of Sophronius have not 
been rendered into English. 

§ vii. Eliot SynoeUwt. St. John of Damascus. 
Of the remaining pieces in the Anthologia 
and Daniel only two are of conspicuous 
merit: a solemn reflection on death and 
judgment, deeply earnest, by Elies Syncellus 
(Anth. Grate. Carm. Christ., p. 47), and a 
Prayer to Christ in Anacreontics, of great 
personal fervour, by fit. John of Damascus. It 
has betn versified m Mr. Lupton's St John of 
Damascus {Fathers for English Header*, q. v.). 
The three great canons of St, John of Damas- 
cus in trimeter Iambics are an apparent 
exception to the rule that classical metres are 
not found in the Greek Service Books. But 
they are in reality a link between the two 
classes of hymns, for while written in Iambic 
metre, they ore also conformed to the rules of 
syllable, accent, and acrostic, to which the 
Churoh hymns are subjected. See § xvi. 

B. Hymns of the Greek Chunk. 

$ viiL Hymn* of the Old Testament Of 
more enduring importance is the distinctively 
Christian growth, which has its root in the 
poetry and worship of the Old Covenant, and 
culminates in the hymns of the Eastern 
Church. If we could recover a more exact 



453 



GBEEK HYMNODY 



notion of the strophes of Hebrew poetry, of 
the musical accents, the antipiional singing, 
the litnrgicul use of detached versicles of the 
Psalms, and other characteristics of Hebrew 
hymnody, a strong light might be thrown on 
some of the obscure parallels presented by 
the Greek system. A few points may how- 
ever be noted with tolerable certainty. It is 
scarcely worth stating that the songs of the 
Old Testament, together with other rhythmic 
passages, passed in their Greek forms into 
the Christian Services. The use of the 
Alleluia and the Hosanna are equally obvious 
examples. The Ter&anciwhaVibeen partially 
In previous use in the Jewish ritual: the 
Haianna which so constantly accompanies it 
was partly the echo of the Triumphal Entry, 
hut partly also of the older refrain used at the 
Feast of Tabernacles (See Diet, of the Bible : 
Hosanna,}. Antiphonal singing, introduced 
among- the Greeks by Ignatius at Antioch, 
seems clearly traceable to a Hebrew origin, 
exemplified by the practice of the Thera- 
peutffl, as stated by Philo, and the far older 
practice of the Temple choirs (1 Chron. vi 31, 
seq. and xsv.). (See Diet. Christ. Ant. : Anti- 
pfton.) The refrains and short ejaculations 
of praise which are such a marked feature of 
Greek hymns have analogies in the Psalms, 
and the Eighteen Prayers of the synagogue. 
The use of broken versicles of the Psalms 
(artxofwyla) and Christian vehicles inter- 
woven with them (lir&rrixn, <mxr|p4 4»1 
trrlxoti), as well as the longer form Antiphon 
are probably derived from tbe Hebrew use. 
The Acrostic, on which the strophes of the 
Canons are threaded, resembles the system of 
the Alphabetical Acrostic Psalms, and is occa- 
sionally itself alphabetical. 

§ is. Hymns of tte N«u> Testament. The 
inspired songs that ushered in the Nativity 
became probably at an early period canticles 
of the church: the Angels' Hymnat Bethlehem 
Is the germ of the Gloria in Exeelsis (see § x. 4.) 
There is no trace however of a similar use of 
the heavenly songs of the Book of Revelation, 
beyond the adoption of a few of the acclama- 
tions in the later Greek hymns. Beside these 
Scriptural hymns others must have soon arisen. 
That the holy enthusiasm of the new life of 
Christianity would express itself in some simi- 
lar forms to those of the Magnificat and Nunc 
Diraittis seems iu itself almost inevitable ; and 
notwithstanding a measure of doubt attaching 
to both expressions, the terms ' hymn ' and 
spiritual song' (Eph. v. 19, 20; Col. iii. 16, 
IT) seem plainly to assert their existence. 

[Tbe word viwot la found only In these two passages 
of tbe N* T\, but tbe derivative verb ts used of the hymn 
sung at The LaM Supper, which wsa probably the series 
of Fialutt called tbe OaUet (Pbs. cxlii.-oxvilt,}. St. 
Paul, however, plainly diattogdiebea "hymns 1 ' And 
"psalms." Watts and the early English write™ of 
hymns thought the Canticles and other passages of Holy 
Scriptare suitable for singing -were denoted by " Spiri- 
tual Songs." But it Is more probable that they were new 
utterances inspired by the Holy Spirit, like those la the 
Corlnthisn Church.] 

The form and matter of tliose hymns may 
be suggested to us by the rhythmic passages 
in the epistles of St. Paul, St James and St. 
Peter. A disposition hns shown itself to find 
in some of the most remarkable of these, 
where .they are separable from the context, 



GBEEK HYMNODY 

actual quotations of existing hymns (a* 
1 Tim. vf . 15, 16 ; Titus iii. 1-7 ; James i. 17> 
The verse which bears the strongest evidence 
of being a fragment of a hymn, " on penitence,'' 
is "E7eip<u o KOOtituv, Kol (Worn iic tv* vtttf&v, 
«ol Arupawrei aoi i Xpitmfi (" Awake thon that 
sleepest," ftc), Eph. v. 14. Two of « tho 
faithful sayings" in the Pastoral Epistles, 
which are evidently household words of tho 
Christians, have a rhythmic character. Xpurris 
'li)<rovi ijXSttt iii rhp tt&sftDV afutfrruAevs twcai 
(" Christ Jesus came into the world to save 
sinners") (ITim.i 15) has been called part of a 
hymn " on redemption " : El yhp wmweMyopty, 
km wfytrofttf it bwefiiro/ur, vol trvpfkurthti- 
tra/icf K.T.K. ("If we die with Him, we shall 
also live with Him," 4c) 2 Tim. ii. 11-13, a 
fwgment " on the glories of martyrdom " : 
and the short versicles resembling one of the 
strophes of the canons, i$av*p&8i) iy tra/wi, 
ISuaudtti iy Tytipari, £$fh) i.yyi\ott, itatpixfiv 
if (SrtiTir, trurrtiBn iy KdV/iat, AwA^fcj iy 
Mfp. (" Manifested in the flesh, justified in 
the spirit," &o.) 1 Tim. iii. 16, part of a hymn 
"on Our Lord's Incarnation and Triumph." 
(See Liddon's Bamplon Lecture*, p. 327, note.) 
It is not easy to decide whether such hymns 
were then used in the worship of the Church. 
Pliny's letter to Trajan seems to prove the 
use of hymns at the Eucharist at a very early 
period (Carmen Chri»to quasi Deo dicere in- 
vieem secttm). On the other hand it will be 
shown below that there was a scruple against 
the adoption of anything but psalms in the 
public devotions (see § xi.) ; and the context, 
in which Bt. Paul mentions " hymns " and 
"spiritual songs," is giving directions not for 
worship, but common life and social intercourse. 
(See Diet Christ. Ant.: Hymns.') 

§ x. Primitive Cheek Hymns. 1. The ear* 
licst hymn in this class is the Thanksgiving 
at lamp-lighting (in\ix"ios titxapurria), as 
St. Basil calls it, which hns been frequently 
translated both in prose and verse, — *£* lA<tp4» 
aylat Si£i)s (q. v.) It was old in St, Basil's 
day (370): hut it is a misinterpretation of 
his words (Us Spiritu Saneto, c. 29) to attribute 
it to Athenogenes (169). 

2. Methodius (died circa 311). A hymn 
found in " The Banquet of the Ten Yirgms," 
beginning *AyaBtv, *apd4yot, 3«|r tytpflreitpas 
^xoi (" Up, maidens, the sound of the cry that 
roiseth the dead "), by this early writer, though 
not found in the Ureek Service Books, may be 
most fitly mentioned here on account of certain 
rhythmical features. Unlike all other extant 
early hymns, it is of great length — twenty-four 
strophes — and thus suggest* the possibility 
that some of the longer anonymous Idiomela of 
the Greek Service Books may be of early date 
(see § x,). The initial letters of the strophes 
are, as in the Anacreontic hymn of Sophrouius 
(see § vi.) on « Tho Holy Places," the letters of 
the ulpliabet in their order, thus supplying a 
link between the Hebrew Alphabetical Psalms 
and the aorostichs of Bamanus and the canons 
(see §§ xii, xvi). Each strophe is followed by 
the same refrain (ftnutotj) sung in chorus by 
Tho Ten Virgins, the strophes themselves 
being sung by Thekla alone. Tbe rhythm 
u plainly Iambic, though loose and irregular. 
The piece is full of sustained spirit and elation, 
and Mr. Chatfteld's translation of it, " The 



GBEEK HYMNODY. 

Bridegroom eometh," is the best in bis volumo 
(p. 141). (Bee^juA. Oraee.Carm. Chritt., p.33, 
and another translation in Ante - Nieene 
Xftrory.- ikthcdiat, p. 111.) 

8. The Ter Sanctut in its earliest form, as 
derived from the hymn in Isaiah vi. 8, wag 
used for liturgical purposes in the Jewish 
church. There is an apparent allusion to its 
use in Christian worship in the catechetical 
lectures of Si Cyril (circa 347). It appears in 
the Clementine Liturgy (Apott Gon»l 6, 12) 
in this form, "Aywr *Atim *A7im Kvjhoj 
la&awB- xAfynji i! oSpea/os Kal it y% ttj? Sdfiji 
airoS' cftAoyirrof til robs alma' a/ify, (*' Holy, 
Holy, Holy: Lord of Babaoth; heaven and 
earth are fall of His Glory. Blessed art Thou 
for ever. Amen.") The form varies slightly 
bom this In the liturgies of St Mark, St. 
James, and St Chrysostom; and in the 
two latter the Hotanna is attached, " Hosanua 
to the Son of David: blessed be he that 
eometh in the name of the Lord: Hbsonna 
in the highest." This precedent of combina- 
tion was followed in the First Prayer Book of 
Edward VI. The hymn always ooours in the 
same position in Eastern liturgies, following 
the Encharistio Preface. (See Neole's Holy 
.Eastern Church, p; 541, and Diet, of Chritt. 
Ant. under Preface.} 

4. The Greek form of the Gloria in Exedsie 
is of early date. The germ of it is of course the 
Angels' hymn at Bethlehem (LukeiL 14); and 
BO far it occurs in the liturgy of St James. 
But the extended form of it is found at the 
end of the psalms and canticles contained in 
the Codex Alexandrinw (end of 5th cent), and 
reads: — 

Adja iv tyltrrott 8t$, Ksl ^xl -yfli (IfhvVt & 
itt>9p&xvn tiimtlee Kltrovjiiv <rt, ti\eyovftiv «, 
tbxapurreSitir aot, uptMrKwaviiiii at, BoJoA^you- 
fity at Sia rty jivydfatv ami $&%av ■ Kiptt fia&i' 
Xtv, iwwp&nt, flti rar^p warroKpirap, Kvptt 
life /Htvoycfis, 'Ij|<roD Xpitrri, Kal Syiov xwu/ui 
KAptt A &tbs, A ifirbs tov Otov, & ulbs tov wvrpbs, 
i ijpwv rot hfutprttts tou iciaftov, i\ef)tror fytai- 
i tapup rat ajifcprfa* tov MftfjMHi, xpofftejfti tV 
ttvfirtv TifXaP 1 6 KaBifpitros tv £'£<$ tov xnrpbj, 
Ikttjtroy jjfias* Sti ffi «T ftAyos Hyios, ab tl /twos 
revptot, 'Iifirods Xpiarbs tfr ffiSfnp fcou xanNfo* 
'ApV- (" Glory to God in the highest and on 
earth peace, goodwill among men. We praise 
Thee, we bless Thoe, we give thanks to Thee, 
we worship Thee^ we give thanks to Thee for 
Thy groat Glory. O Lord, Heavenly King, 
God the Father Almighty, Lord the only- 
begotten Son, Jesus Christ, and Holy Spirit 1 
0! Lord God, Lamb of God, Sou of the 
Father, that takeat away the sins of the 
world, have mercy on us : Thou that takeat 
away the sins of the world, receive our 
prayer : Thou that sittest on the right band 
of the Father, have mercy on us : For Thou 
only art Holy, Thou only art the Lord Jesus 
Christ to the Glory of God the Father.") 

Another version of the hymn, substantially 
the samo, yet with some additional phrases end 
variations, is found In the Apott. Contl. 7 ; 47. 
In some late Has, the chapter in wMoh it is 
found is entitled wpoatvxv* IvOwiis. It is also 
found iu a spurious treatise of St. Athanasiua, 
De Virginitate, as a morning hymn. Itseucha- 
ristic use is Western ; except the Nestorian, 
none of the Eastern Liturgies contain it. (See 



GREEK HYMNODY 



469 



{ Anth. Graec* p. xxiL, and Doxology and Gloria 
in Excel*)* in Diet. Chria. Ant.) 

5. Te Deum. There can be little doubt 
that the Te Deum, or some elements of it ore 
originally Greek, although only a few clauses 
have been actually discovered. The first 
twenty-one verses of the Te Deum in Latin 
are found without variation in early mss. ; 
but there ore four known variations In tho 
form of the last nine verses. Two of theso 
variations differ from the one adopted in our 
Prayer-Book only in the omission of certain 
clauses. Bnt the other two, besides omitting 
one or two clauses, insert, though each in a 
different place among the clauses, tho words 
" Benedittut e$ Domine Detu patrvm imtrorvm 
et lavdabik women (hud* in aetemum" It 
we odd these words to the familiar phrases, 
" Bay by day we magnify Thee," " Vouchsafe, 
Lord, to keep us this day without sin," wo 
obtain precisely the following short Greek 
hymn, which is found in the Codex Alexan- 
drintit immediately after the Greek form of 
the Gloria in EstceUi$. (See above, 4.) 

Kofi 1 ixd<m)r iinipav ti/Koyfynt at Kol dWirw 
tSi ivofii (Ton *is rhv atSra ttal (Ji t^ al&va tow 
aiSvos. Karaf(»(7ov, Kvpit ml tV ^cfHtv 
Tainjy itrafjUxpT^TOus ipuXa^Q^rat Tj/ias. £^Xa- 
yjribs (f Kipte AOebs T&p-rciTip&yljt&trKal aiVf- 
rbv Mai Bt&ofnffjueeoc rh&yoni ami tis ruit tuivas. 
V^i 1 . (" Bay by day I will bless Thee and 
praise Thy Nome, for over and ever and ever. 
Vouchsafe, Oh Lord, to keep us this day also 
without sin. Blessed art Thou, God of our 
fathers, and praised and glorified is Thy Name 
for ever.") (See Diet CkrUt. Ant: "Te 
Deum;" Anth. Graec. Garm. Christ., p. 39; 
Daniel, vol. iii.). 

6. Early Vetper Hymn (Tedecet laws). Hymn 
brfore Heal*. In the 7th book of the Apo- 
etdicGontlitutions (c 47) the Gion'a in ExceUit 
is followed by two other short hymns. They 
are printed m Anik. Qraec Carm. Chritt., 
p. 40, and translated by Mr. Chntfield. The 
first is on Evening Hymo. The latter part of 
it is simply the JVtmc DimMie, and tlie early 
part begms with a verse of the PsalmB. It 
then repeats the phrase in the Gloria in Ex- 
celtis, euvovfiiv fff, tifwov/ifr at, tb\oyovjA4v tre 
Sict tV fip)i\)if mm Biifoj', and slightly varies 
the clause concerning '* The Lamb, that takcth 
away the sin of the world." The next plirascs 
are well known in their Latin form, " Te deeel 
law" 2wl rp4vei alvos, <rol irptmt S/i*^^, &61 
Srfftt rpixtt Ty irarpl xal Ty vi$ Kal t^ h\yttp 
mrstipoTi ta Tobt al&ras fay alt&vay. ifujv. 
("Thou art worthy to be praiied, Thou art 
worthy to be hymned, Thou art worthy to be 
glorified, Father, Sod, and Holy Ghost, for 
ever and ever. Amen.") The second hymn .is 
what we should call a short grace before 
meals. 

7. Trisooion, This name haa of lute been 
discontinued as an equivalent of Ter Sanctus, 
for good reasons. The Greek term rpitrdyioy 
indicates a short invocation found in the Greek 
Liturgies, shortly after the Little Entrance, 
and sometimes accompanied by a pravcr called 
* the prayer of the Trisagion," It is entirely 
distinct from the Ter Sanotui common to 
Greek and Latin Liturgies, and runs thus : 
'Aytas 6 Stfa, fiyioi lax v fiii St'os iffdraros, 
iKina-vy V«r. " Holy God, Holy and Mighty, 



460 



GREEK HYMNODY 



Hoi; and Immortal, have mercy upon us." 
The legend of its origin relates that it was 
pretern&turally communicated to the terror- 
stricken population of Constantinople during 
an earthquake in the time of St. Proclus 
(434-7). (See Nieephorm Callisttts, Lib. 14, 
cap. 46.) It is considered, however, by Neale 
and others to be probably far older. It is 
said to have been introduced into the Liturgy 
in the reign of the younger Theodosius (408- 
50). It is ftrand in the Soman Jfiwol in The 
Improperia usod on Good Friday. The Greek 
words and the Latin are there sung in response 
to each other by the two sides of tbe choir. 
So also ii the Sarum and York Uses. (See 
Diet. Christ. Ant. : Tritagion.} 

8. The Greek form of the Gloria Patri was 
perhaps founded on the Baptismal formula 
(Matt xxviii. 19). The three early varieties 
of it may be seen under D™>iogi««. They 
were old in St. Basil's days (370), 

9. The Cherubic Hymn. This hymn, so- 
called from its references to the Cherubim, is 
found in the chief Eastern Liturgies, except 
the Clementine, before the Great Entrance. 
It is not found in the heretical liturgies except 
in the Armenian ; and this fact is on argu- 
ment against its antiquity. It is generally 
asoribed to the time of Justinian. Cedrenus 
says that Justinian first ordered it to be sung 
iu churches. It runs thus : Of t! x t P oa ^l t 
ftvffrucGts emorfforre?, jrol Tp £wQTQi$Tpidbi rip 
rpt&dytor S/avov ASorrcs, lrtttrar r^v fitarttdiv 
inra&<&fi£BtL p4ptfivap, &ss rhv Bc«r£\tg T&y &Kuv 
faroSttdfitpotf rait ItyythtKoXs ibopilrtfis ilopvQo- 
poiptroi' rdt*<rir. iM.i)\oiut. "Let us who 
mystically represent the Cherubim and sing 
the holy 'hymn to the Quickening Trinity, lay 
by at this time all worldly cares; that wo may 
receive the King of Glory, invisibly attended 
by the angelical orders. Alleluia, Alleluia, 
Alleluia." (See Diet. Chritt Ant. : Cherubic 
Hymn.) 

10. Hymn of Justinian. A short hymn is 
found in the Liturgies of St, Mark and St. 
JameB, which Neale declares from internal evi- 
dence to be later than the Council of Ephesus 
(431), and which is generally considered the 
composition of the emperor Justinian (527-05). 
It runs thus : 'O uavoytviii vlbs jral \6yt>s toS 
Btov, ifidvaros bwapxw t ical KaTa£t£djitros Sub 
tt^f 4intr4pay trwrypltw tfapKntB^vat 4k ttis Stylus 
B*w6kov jku fampQcvov MapUts, wrpfTrrai 
t*arBpmri>trai, VTBtipttOttj rt, Xpiori & Stbs, 
BewiT<p tivarov rarii<ras, tit &ir rijs 'Aytas 
TpuE&or, &vr&o£a£6iMvos ry Tlarpl Kal T$ ityitfi 
Elrctf/carj, ffburov yfAas. " Only-begotten Soil 
and Word of God, Immortal, Who didst vouch- 
safe foT our salvation to take flesh of the Holy 
Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary, and 
didst without mutation become man, and wast 
crucified, Christ our God, and by death didst 
overcome death, being One of the Holy Trinity, 
and glorified together with the father and 
the Holy Ghost, Save us." (Anth. Graee. 
Carm. Chritt., p. 52.) 

11. If the materials of the Greek Service- 
books could be critically distinguished, several 
of the Anonymous pieces among the shorter 
hymns would doubtless be added to these 
early compositions. It is generally believed, 
that the fiirvun, on which so many of the 
later odes are modelled, belong to the earlier 



GBEEK HYMNODY 

centuries. The versicles which are attached 
to the psalms, either as antlphons or trrlxvpa 
hr6imx«, are also probably among the earliest 
essays at hymns. Nor is there any reason 
why some of the anonymous Idiomela, which 
partake of the same natural spirited freshness 
as these should not be equally early. The 
elaborate canons of later times add very little 
original thought to these more artless pieces, 
and they are often inferior in force. Their 
prevailing type is a strophe asserting at the 
opening some Christian fact or doctrine ; and 
then grounding on it an acclamation of praise 
or culminating in the utterance of some 
glorious title or consequence. 

§ xi. Liturgical we. Between these short 
and simple hymns, largely built up of joyous 
ejaculations, and the elaborate Odes and 
Canons of the 8th and 9th centuries there is a 
wide interval : and as the history of the de- 
velopment is obscure, it will be convenient to 
throw together here some account of tbe 
gradnal introduction of hymns into the public 
worship of the church. Notwithstanding the 
very early mention of hymns as part of the 
Liturgy in Pliny's letter and by Justiu Martyr, 
as well as the evidence of the Liturgies for 
the use of some of those already noted, there 
was manifestly a certain reserve as to their 
general introduction ; in some parts of the 
Church they wero allowed earlier than in 
others. An extract from the Epistle of the 
Second Council of Antioch ('JC9) against 
Paul of Samosata shows that they were then 
in use in (he Church of Antioch {Diet Christ. 
Ant. : Hymns). Yet as late as the 4th and 5th 
centuries thete was a scruple against the use 
of anything but Psalms in the Eastern monas- 
teries (Pitra, pp, 42. 43), and in Spain the 
Council of Braga (561) forbade the use of 
hymns. No doubt, they were originally of 
popular origin, (ind then from their oun power 
of fcpiritunl edification passed into the ser- 
vices- In three different centres of the life of 
the Church the use of hymns received a 
powerful impulse from their employment by 
heretics. The Gnostic hymns of Bardesanes 
and Hurmonius led Ephrera the Syrian (circ 
360) to adopt their metres and rhythms in his 
hymns for tho Syrian Church. The Arian 
hymns drew the attention of Athanasius at 
Alexandria (Pilra) and Chrysostom at Con- 
stantinople to thehold which hymns liad on the 
masses. The use of processional hymns in the 
narthex, lighted bv torches, may have origi- 
nated in the processions withcrosses and torches 
which Chrysostom organized at Constantinople 
(Diet. Chri»t Ant.! Hymns). How fur these 
movements developed the structure of the 
Greek hymns, it is impossible to say; the 
slrophes of Ephretn, with t!x>ir final "invoca- 
tion, or refrain, have great similarity to the 
troparia of the Greek odes. On the other 
hand (he syllabic metres of Eplirem seem 
much more regular than tbe varied lengths of 
verse in tbe troparia, while the great number 
of tunes (275) in the Syrian Church contrasts 
strongly with the eight tones, to which the 
Greek hymns seem confined, and probably 
poiuls to deep-seated differences. See for 
Kplirem gyrus, Hymns and Homilies of K 8., 
translated by Dr. Burgess. 

§ sii. Middle Period. — I. Romania, — The 



GSEKK HTMNODY 

principal link between tie early hymns and 
tbe odea and canons is found in a group of 
pieces discovered in two very rare Liturgical 
wss. at Moscow and Borne, by Cardinal 
Pitra. (Published in his AnaUeta Sacra In- 
edita, Paris, 1876, quoted by Lord Selbome, 
art. "Hymns," Sitcycl Brttan.) Twenty. 
nine of these compositions are by Bomanus ; 
among tbe outliers of others are found the 
names of Cosmos, Anastasius and others, who 
must not be confused with later poets of the 
same names: others are anonymous. As a 
specimen of their structure Cardinal Pitra 
dofcribes {Hymuographit Grecque) the cele- 
brated Christmas hymn of Bomanus, which is 
composed of twenty-mar strophes of consider- 
able length, the initial letters of the strophes 
composing tbe words tou rawiantu 7u/uuwu 
S/trn ; the strophes, with the exception of the 
first, all contain the same number of rhythmi- 
cal phrases, though of very different lengths, 
and the corresponding phrases in each strophe 
are composed of tlio same number of syllables, 
though of varying quantity. The first strophe 
has only one feature in common with the rest : 
the last line, containing tbe central idea 
of the poem, is repeated again as the close of 
every succeeding strophe ; and the strophes are 
so managed as to lead naturally np to it. He 
gives at length a poem for the 30th of June on 
the Holy Apostles (reprinted from Hym.no- 
graphie Grecque in Anth. Groec.),and un anony- 
mous one with the ac ros tio Eft TUrpw teal naihof 
for the same duv, botli identical in structure 
with that for Christmas. Tlie characteristic 
of all these pieces is a picturesque, almost 
dramatic treatment, which contrasts with the 
doctrinal cast of the Canons. Thus the 
Christmas hymn opens with a description of 
the cave at Bethlehem, the Infant Christ, the 
Virgin Mother, the angels, shepherds, M^ri. 
The poem proceeds with a dialogue in which 
these personages take part The title of these 
pieces (mwriiuw) has thrown an incidental 
light on tike short poems of tbe same name 
found in the present Greek Office Book*. 
Cardinal Pitra tins discovered that in several 
cases tho mvrixia and oTjhh, intercalated be- 
tween the 6th and 7th Odes of the Canons, are 
single strophes picked out of these original 
ContaMa ; and he discerns other traces of 
longer poems formed on the acrostic, rev t«- 
i-tinS (t.t.A., which are now buried in the 
Canons of the later age, which superseded 
them. See § xvi. 2, and imugi.' 

2. Serous (610-*l). There is some affinity 
to the hymns of Bomanus in the celebrated 
AkWidtoj Spmi, composed by the patriarch 
Sergius as a thanksgiving to the Mother of 
God for her defence of Constantinople from 
the attack of Ohoganes, Eing of Persia. 
There is the same repetition of the last line of 
the strophe, and Ihesame vivid narrative; and 
tho opening strophe has a separate form. On 
the other hand there is no acrostic, the 
strophes are shorter, and the alternate ones 
are followed by a long series of invocations, 
managed with great brilliance and variety. 
There is also an occasional and nnmistakable 
adoption of rhyme. The hymn was sung 
standing, in commemoration of the long watch 
of the Mother of God. Considered as a poem, 
the chief part of it is full of splendour ; but 



GBBBK HTMNODY 



461 



tho worship of the Virgin, which is its ration 
eCMre, scarcely admits of its adaptation even 
partially in England. 

§ xiii. Period of the Ode* and Canon*. A 
change largely connected with the Iconoclastic 
controversy was wrought in Greek Service 
Books during the 7tb, 8tb, and 9th centuries. 
The names of the defenders of the sacred 
icont fill a large space in the calendar; and 
their elaborate doctrinal hymns dispossessed 
the more animated and pictorial poems of 
Bomanus. Tho new form which rises into 
view, and continues henceforward to be the 
highest mode of poetical expression, is the 
Canon, of which St Andrew of Crete is the 
first known master. 

Whether tlie Canon was a new invention at 
this time, or had been in existence previously, 
although no earlier specimens are extant, is 
uncertain. A quotation from Gerbert, given 
by Cardinal Pitra (Hj/m. Grecque, p. 48) seems 
to prove its existence in the 5th century. M. 
Christ however (-info. Grate.), considers the 
word an interpolation. At any rate it is not 
until the time of St. Andrew of Crete that 
Hie Canon takes its supreme ploco in the 
system. 

§ xiv. Sources and Tramtatiow of the later 
Greek Hymns. — 1. Source*. — The hymus 
which follow are fonnd in the Service Books 
of the Greek Church. These are: — 

COIfoiffeuaea, twelve volumes, one for eaoh 
month OiV), answering npproximately to tho 
Propria Sanctorum of tho Western breviary 
{Diet. ChrUt. Ant. s. v.). 

(2) The Faraeletiee, or Greater Oetoechw, 
containing the Ferial office arranged on a 
system for eight weeks. 

(3) The Lester Oetoeehui, containing the 
Sunday Services of the preceding volume. The 
name is derived from the eight Tones (Jfx°'}> 
to which the Services of the eight weeks 
are respectively set. These Tones are the 
same, except in name, as the Gregorian 
Times. The arrangement of tlie Oetoechu* to 
them is said to have been the work of Si 
John of Damascus. 

(4) The Triodtim, containing the entire ser- 
vices for Lent, and those for the three pre- 
ceding Sundays (Sunday of the Pharisee and 
the Publican; Sunday of Apocreos, after 
which no flesh is eaten; Tyrophagus, after 
which even cheese is forbidden]^ The name 
TriodUm originates in the prevalence of 
hymns of that name (three odes). 

(5) The PenU&atarian Chairmotymn, con- 
taining the office for the seasons of Easter and 
Pentecost. 

(6) The Euehologion, containing the occa- 
sional offices. 

(7) The Sordogion, containing tbe Hours 
of prayer. 

The number of hymns in these volumes 
which contain (Neale) 4000 closely-printed 
quarto pages at least, is very large. They are 
little known in England. The best selection 
from them is that published by X. Christ in 
Anth. Graee. There is a more meagre one 
in Daniel. Cardinal Pitra has published 
a group of hymns connected with St Peter 
and St. Paul. The great offices for Christ- 
mas, Easter, and Pentecost are printed in Dr. 
Littledale's (JjjSces of the Holy Saltern Church. 



462 



GREEK HYMNODY 



2. Translations, &c. The difficulties in ilie 
way of studying the; original services arc al- 
most removed for English classical scholars 
since the publication of Neale's Inirodneti&n 
to (he History of the Holy Eastern Church, and 
Dr. Littlodnle's valuable book on The QfiUes 
of the Holy Eastern Church. The earliest, most 
spirited, and popular poetical translations are 
Tlie Hymns of the Eastern Church by Dr. 
Neale(I8G2). Mr. Chatterton Dix has turned 
a portion of the blank verse of Dr. Littledalo's 
Offices into metre, and published the same, 
partly in the Church Timet, and subsequently 
in the Lyras pub. by Mr. Shipley. A few 
hymns havo been translated in metrical form 
by Dr. Littledale, and appeared in the Church 
Times (18G4), the People's Hymnal (1867), and 
tlie Priest's Prapcr-book. There axe also trt. 
by Dr. Maegill in his Sonqs of the Christian 
Creed and Life. Lond. : Pickering, 1876-79. 

§ xv. Structure and Versification.. A Greek 
hymn, as printed in the Service Books looks 
like a paragraph, or a collection of paragraphs, 
in rhythmical prose. Tbe rhythmical phrases 
of the paragraphs are divided by a system of 
commas, which are obviously unconnected 
with punctuation. If rearranged, so as to 
make each rhythmical phrase a line of poetry, 
the paragraph assumes a resemblance to a 
piece of a Greek chorus, and snatches of 
classic rhythm foster the delusion. But it 
has proved impossible to redueo it to any 
known metre, or to establish any consistency 
between tho paragraphs of a hymn by rules 
of prosody. Cardinal l'itra, however, who 
has investigated this matter with great ocate- 
ness, discovered that in the odes (where we 
havo hymns composed of several paragraphs), 
and in groups of hymns confessedly similar 
(iuoui) and modelled on the leading one 
{■wpo<rtuiHQt>), the number of rhythmical 
phrases in each paragraph, and the number 
of syllables in each rhythmical phrase (short 
syllables counting as equivalent to long ones), 
is identical. ST. Christ, who has also written 
a masterly essay on the subjeot in the An- 
thologia Grace, has further established the 
fact that a fixed proportion of the accents 
in the corresponding phrases is always uni- 
form. The rhythm of the hymns probably 
depended on this uniformity of accent more 
than on the law of Mis syllables. " Iu the 
decline of the language accent was trampling 
down quantity " (Neale). This growing 
inattention to quantity has been pointed out 
elsewhere (see § it). The increasing impor- 
tance of accent is familiar in Latin hymns 
and in modern Greek. The general rhyth- 
mical impression of Greek hymns is thus 
described by Card. Pitra ; " The system has 
no lack of flexibility, variety, or precision. 
Tho strophes are grave or spirited in turn, at 
one timo possessing the solemn march of 
hendecasyllables, at another precipitating 
themselves in a stream of impetuous versicles, 
and most frequently blending both measures 
easily together" (flynt. Qreecptt, p. 2*). 

§ xvi. 1, Names and Varieties of Hymns. 
Tho names of the minor Greek hymns are 
very numerous. Tho Antiphons (Arrtaww) 
have tlie character familiar to us iu the Latin 
Breviaries. 

2. The iiroXwTtifia derive their name not so 



GBEEK HYMNODY 

much from their place near tho close of the 
vesper office, as from the Song of Simeon then 
originally sung (Anih. Graec. Carm. Christ., 
p. Ixix.). 

There is a group of hymns, whioh are most 
usually found as satellites of the Canons. 

3. The KiBurpa, so called, apparently, 
because song seated, an intercalation be- 
tween the third and fourth, or the sixth aud 
seventh odes. 

i. The KorrAiaov, intercalated after the 
sixth ode, which, as found at present, is a 
long single stanza, bnt which in many cases 
has been discovered by Pitra to be a relic of 
the long poems of tho school of Romanus, 
tho inventor of iron-OKia, (See § xii. and 
Bommaui.) This discovery makes the deri- 
vation of tho term from icirres, the roller 
around which a roll of manuscript is bound, 
far more likely than that from tcirros, little, 
or that from the Latin Canttcum. (Diet. 
Christ Ant., s. v.) 

5. The oTkoi, whioh always follows the 
Kturrittny, and is often also a relic of the 
school of Bomanns, and of the same character, 
except that it sometimes closes with a series 
of invocations (xeuoc — x*"P*i Heale). Pitra 
derives it from the position of the choir, 
grouped round the leader, during its perform- 
ance. But Neale and M. Cbrist(AnU, Graec.) 
comparo it with the Italian Stanza, the cell 
wiiich enshrines the thought. 

6. The KaTajSaa-fa, which is very often a 
repetition of the Hirmos of the ode, sung by 
tho choir after coming down into tlie narUiex. 

7. The £{mroirr«(Atspioe, which follows the 
canon, a hymn first introduced by Constan- 
tino, son of Leo tbe Wise (Emperor 913-59). 
Eleven of them connected with the Besor- 
rootinn from his pen are quoted in Anth. 
Graec. Carm. Christ, p. 110. 

8. The ftreuroifr, which occurs Instead of the 
KiBiapa. after the third ode. The derivation 
is doubtful. In the Virgin's Song of Metho- 
dius the fawrotj is a refrain. (See § x. 2.) 
Bnt not so iu the Greek Service Books. 
Neither Coresi's explanation, " an echo of what 
goes before" (Diet. Christ. Ant., t» v.), nor 
Goar's, that tlie Ohuroh listens, (Arattotiti) to 
some reoital of God's marvellous dealings 
(Neale), is satisfactory, 

9. The Idiomelon, sung at great Festivals, 
at matins (Diet. Christ. Ant, s. v.), but most of 
all during the quiet hours of the night in tbe 
narthex (western part of the church), " glowing 
with the processional torches" (Neale), is much * 
of the same character as other short hymns. 
But when several of them are combined 
under the name of Stiehera (verses) Idiomela, 
a hymn results, which exoeedB in length 
many of the odes ; and some of the freshest 
pieces in the Service Books aro in this class. 
Cardinal Pitrs, following Deo. Allatius, seems 
to think that the name arises from the fact 
that they have their own musical treatment 
attached to the words (fttov liiTun). More 
commonly, however, ttikat is taken to denote 
rhythm or metro. It is impossible to trace 
any uniformity of structure iu successive 
Idiomela ; each one seems a law to itself, nr, 
as Neale expresses it, its own model. Thus 
Stichera Idiomela are, at any rate practically, 
Irregular Verses. 



GBEEK HYMXODY 

10. The Ode. The Ode (MH)) Is composed 
of a variable number of abort and vivid 
strophe*, each of which has its highest ex- 
pression of feeling thrown into its closing 
line. All the strophes are uniform in tho 
number of syllables and lines and in certain 
leading accents (see above, § XV.). The model 
on which the strophes are formed is some- 
times the first strophe of the Ode, which in 
that ease is always printed with inverted 
commas ; often it is an older strophe taken 
from the Hirmatogion, and then only the few 
first words of it ore printed, somewhat as we 
print the tune of a ballad, at the head of the 
Ode. The name of this strophe is Hirtrnu 
frfpjiot), which is usually explained as 
denoting iU drawing the other stanzas after 
it (Neale) ; but tho derivation is doubtftd {see 
Anth, Grate. Oarm. Chritt., p. lx.). The other 
strophes are named Troparia, a term which is 
again explained as denoting tho turning of 
these strophes to the Birmut (Neale). But 
the derivation is denied by M. Chnst, and 
the feet that the term troparion is found 
attached to single stanzas independent 
apparently of any Birmut is against it, 
Pitra considers the troparion as a very 
ancient Greek form, specially used for the 
snort Terse, which follows the recitation of the 
Psalms In the nocturnal office. The Odet 
occur in groups: iometimes a pair is found 
(Sk&mw), nut most frequently there is a 

• series of three (rpuitwr), or the full comple- 
ment of eight, in the great Festival Canons, 
nine in others, which forms the Canon. The 
Triodia belong chiefly to the Lenten volume, 
named in consequence Triodion. The Odes 
are always connected with the Canticles of 
the Greek Borrioe, and often cramped and 
distorted by the necessity of allusion to 
them. 

11. TheCanon*, which are the highest effort 
of Greek hymnody, sung for the most part at 
Lauds, are founded principally on the 
Canticles then used, vis. : 1. Song of Moses, 
Exod. xv. (Monday); 2. Song of Moses, 
Deut xxxiL (Tuesday) ; 3. Sans of Hannah 
(Wednesday); 4. Song of Habakkuk (Thurs- 
day); 5, Isaiah xxvi. 9-20 (Friday); 6. Jonah's 
Prayer; and 7. the earlier portion of the 
Prayer of the Three Children, To these ore 
added — 8. the remainder of the Prayer of the 
Three Children (SenediciU)- and 9. The 
MaanijicataadBeiUdictui. In correspondence 
with these nine divisions the Canon theoreti- 
cally consists of nine odes ; but as from tho 
severe and threatening character of the second 
Canticle the ode corresponding to it is only 
found in Lent^ the majority of Canons consist 
of eight odes only. TheCanon as a whole has no 
greater unity, or relation of parts than tho group 
of Canticles, on which it is founded; butit is 
threaded on an acrostic written in iambics, 
or sometimes hexameters or elegiacs, at the 
commencement of the first ode; the letters of 
the aorostia opening the several troparia, and 
sometimes (e.g. in the Iambic Canons of St 
John of Damascus, See also Anth. Graec 
Canu. Chritt., p. 210; Pitra, Eym. Grecgae, 
p. 20) the versieles of the (roparfon also. The 
three Iambic Canons of St John of Damascus 
are a link with the classical- metres. (See 
above, § vii.) Derides conforming to the laws 



GREEK HYMNODY 



463 



of syllables and accents and acrostic in its 
strictest form, they are iambics in quantity. 
The English reader will gain a good idea of 
the appearance of a Greek Canon from the 
reproduction of one given in Neale's Intro- 
duction to fhe Biitory of the Holy Batten 
Church, vol. iL p. 833. In the Service Books 
the Odes of two Canons ore found interlaced 
with one another. 

§ xvii. General view of later Hymn-writers. 
This splendid development of the Greek 
hymns may be considered as arising in the 
middle of the 7th century, reaching its aeoith 
in the close of tho 8th, and dying (with the 
exception of a few later pieces, extending even 
to the 16th century) in the beginning of the 
10th century. Its beginning is associated with 
Jerusalem in tho person of St. Andrew of Crete, 
660-732 (see § xvii. 1). There also, in the 
Laura of St. Sabas, lived its two greatest poets, 
Oosmas and St, John of Damascus (ibid. 2, 8), 
(flourished oirca750); and the thirdgreatpoet, 
Theophanes (g xviiL 2), (circa 830). Another 
centre of hymnody was Sicily, and Italy. The 
elder Oosmas, tutor of St John of Damascus, 
Joseph the Hymnographer (xviii. 3) (830), and 
Methodius (died 836), wereof Sicily. There was 
a colony of Greek monks in the monastery of 
Grotta Ferrate, at Tuseulum, which produced 
a school of hymn-writers in the 12th century, 
named after the great melodists of older days, 
the chief of them being St. Bartholomew of 
Grotto Ferrate. Bat the most lasting though 
less eminent home of hymuody was naturally 
Constantinople. Poets from St Sabas, such 
as Theophanes, or Sicily, such as Joseph and 
Methodius the Patriarch of Constantinople, 
were drawn thither by the circumstances of 
their lives, and continued their works there. 
At an earlier period (715-34), Germanus, one 
of tiie grandest of the defenders of the Icons, 
was a aymn-writer during his patriarchate. 
The great monastery of the Btnaium was a 
home of hymnody (see § xviii.), and emperors, 
such as even the Iconoclast Theophilus and 
Leo the Wise, and Constantino Porphyro- 
genitus, wrote hymns. Some of the most 
celebrated writers will be noted in the follow- 
ing sections, the choice being greatly gnided 
by the English translations in Neale which 
are the chief source of information to general 
readers. 

1. 8L Andrew of Crete. A considerable 
number of hymns by this early writer of Oanons 
sreeontainedintheGreekServfceBooks, The 
most celebrated is the Great Canon, of four 
parts, and of the prodigious length of 250 
strophes. It is sung entire, "cum labore 
tnoUo etpulmonumfatigatlone," on Thursday 
in Mid-Lent (Combefis, quoted in XHcL 
Chritt. Biog., s. t.), as well as partially on 
other days of Lent (Portions are published 
in Daniel, iii. 47-54, and in Anih. Grata. 
Oarm. Chritt., 147-1M. Translations by 
Neale in fly. B. O., p. 33.) The strophes of 
this Canon have not the point of those of 
St John of Damascus, and make no use of 
refrains. The aim of it is penitential ; a spirit 
of true penitence breathes through it ;_ it has 
many beautiful passages, and is ridi in allu- 
sion to tho personages of the Bible, either as 
warnings or examples to the penitent ; but its 
excellences are marred by repetition and pro- 



464 



GREEK HYMNODY 



lixity. Sea Bmjflir sol o-Ktmurriit. Besides 
this, his Canon on Mid-Pentecost (portions of 
which are given in Daniel, iii. 48-8), and 
several spirited Idiomela in the Triodion 
and Fentaeoitaricn, and the Triodia in Holy 
Week (see translations, "01 the mystery 
passing wonder," "Jesus hastening for the 
world to suffer," Neale's Hy. E. ft, pp. 19-22), 
ate specified by Neale as among his choicest 
pieces. His Idiomela for Christmas, tixppai- 
vtaBt Iiksuii ("Rejoice, ye righteous") (see 
Attfk. Grate., 97-8; Daniel, iii. 47; Little- 
dale's Office*, p. S3) are full of spirit, setting 
forth in a few pointed verses the ideas of the 
longer canons. 

2. St. John of Damaunu. The Laura of St. 
Sabas, bet ween Jerusalem and Bethlehem, was 
famous in more ways than one. Its Typicoa 
(book of rubrics) was the moat venerable and 
elaborate of itaolnas,and is now the prevalent 
one in the East (Pi'tra). The native hymns of 
Syria, in their own language, would be heard 
there as well as those of the Greeks. It became 
the centre of a school of hymn- writers, of whom 
the two obief— -and also the foremost in the roll 
of the Greek ecclesiastical poets — were Cosmas 
and St. John of Damascus. The impress of the 
latter on the Greek Service Books is distinct 
and deep. It affected the music as welt as the 
poetry. The arrangement of the Octoeckut, 
according to the Eight Tones (see § xiv.), is 
attributed to Bt, John of Damascus. Theepithet 
"Melodist,'' which attached in earlier limes 
to Bomanus, is often given to St. John of 
Damascus, Theophanes, Theodore of the Stu- 
dium, and especially Cosmas ; and appears to 
denote those who were not merely hymn- 
writers (inv6yp&pm\ but musicians. The 
structure of the Odes and Canons also now 
began to exhibit certain features, which 
it never afterwards lost. Tlte Troparia have 
a pointed brightness which contrasts not only 
with the long strophes of Bomanus, but with 
the heaviness of St. Andrew of Crete. It 
has been thought that certain rhythmical 
characteristics may have been borrowed 
from the Syrian hymns of St. Ephrem (see 
§ xi.). One of these may be the constant 
use of refrains ; though it must be borne 
in mind that the retrain and the man- 
agement of the preceding lines, so as to lead 
up to it, are part of the tradition of Bomanus. 
At the same time the piotorial style of Bo- 
m*nus gave way to that doctrinal expression, 
animated by living devotion, which pervades 
the great body of Greek hymnody. The ap- 
propriation of the iast strophe of the Ode to 
an invocation or praise of the B. V. M. (flio- 
ToKfor, or, if at the foot of the cross, arccupo- 
fltorwclof) dates also from this period. The 
CsnonB of St. John of Damascus are found in 
the OofoeefttM, the oldest xss. of which con- 
tained no other Canons than his (see Piira, 
p. 69, Anih. Graee. p. xlvi.), in theVMenoea and 
Penteeottarion. The latter are the more cele- 
brated. They celebrate the grand themes of 
Christmas, the Theophany (Baptism of Christ), 
Pentecost, Easter, St. Thomas's Sunday, and 
the Ascension. The first three are the Iambic 
Canons (see §ivi, 11), which, perhaps from the 
metrical shackles which he has imposed on 
himself, ore often laboured, and somewhat 
turgid in language. The Canon for St. 



GBEEK HYMNODY 

Thomas's Sunday Is a fine one, full of sug- 
gestion in regard to the unbelief of the Apostle. 
(See'Araptir r&rrti Xm>i, and Anik. Graee^ p. 
221.) The Canon on the "Ascension "is very 
striking from its triumphant gladness and 
dramatic realization. The "Easter Canon," 
known as " The Golden Canon," or " King of 
Canons," is the grandest piece in Greek sacred 
poetry. Nowhere are the best characteristics 
of the Greek Canon exhibited so splendidly. 
The formal allusions to the Canticles on 
which the several odes are founded (see § xvL 
11), and the introduction of types, which ita 
later poets become often monotonous and 
irrelevant, are here in complete keeping, and 
give a fitting and natural enrichment ; and 
the brilliant phrases, culminating in accla- 
mation, the freedom of the thoughts, the 
ringing, victorious joy, and the lofty presen- 
tation of the import of the Besnrrentiou, 
compose a series of magnificent efforts 
of imaginative devotion. (See 'kxwrriatm 
ftiUpa. and Anth. Graec., p. 218; Littledale'i 
Office*, p. 211.) To these Canons are probably 
to be added others under the name of John 
Arklas, and perhaps (though this is more 
doubtful), John the Monk. There are also 
numerous Idiomela, two of which Neale has 
translated. One of these (t4i itpoi rij 
nutrias, q. v.) is very popular ("Those eter- 
nal bowers," Hy. E. ft, p. 55> The other, 
which is not a hymn in the English sense, is 
one of the most beautiful pieces in NealeV 
volume (" Take the last kiss," Hy. E. ft, p. 49X 
representing some lines of intense emotion in 
the Burial Office in the Euckologum. (See 
A«Bt( Tf\tvraior iffwmrpov, and Daniel, iii. 
123.) From the Burial Office for Priests in 
the same volume is taken the beautiful 
translation of to&i toC fiiov Tp&Qil ("With 
pain earth's joysare mingled ") in The People"* 
Sy. by Dr. LitUedale. 

8. St. Cotma* (died circa 760). The great 
works of this poet are his Canons for the 
Festivals. Often, as in those for the Nativity, 
the Theophany (Baptism of Christ) and Pente- 
cost, the Odes of the several Canons by him- 
self and St. John of Damascus are interwoven, 
brotherlike, with each other. He has Canons 
on "The Purification," "Transfiguration," and 
" Palm Sunday." His canon on his favourite 
Father, Gregory of Nazianzns, is also men- 
tioned by Neale. To these must be added a 
series of nieces (one a Diodion, two Triodia, 
and two Canons) dealing with the narrative in 
Holy Week. The ancient feme of the poems 
of Cosmas was great, and commentaries were 
composed on them (Anth. Grate, Carm. Christ. 
p. 1L). He is generally spoken or as the equal 
of St. John of Damascus. But it can only be 
in a doctrinal point of view that he can be 
deemed the rival of his foster-brother. Neale 
styles him the most learned of the Greek 
poets; and on aocount of his fondness for 
types, boldness in their application, and love 
of aggregating them, compares htm with 
Adam of St. Victor. He speaks also of the 
"compressed fulness of meaning," and "un- 
usual harshness and contraction of his phrases." 
The only piece whioh poetically approaches 
the best efforts of St. John of Damascus is the 
Christmas Canon, Xpurrht ytrrarai ' 3o£&mr* 
(q. v.). It is pronounced by Neale to be 



GREEK HYMNODY 

superior to the Tambio Canon of St. John 
of Damascus, with which it interlaces. It is 
said to be suggested by a sermon of Gregory of 
Nazi&nEus, Anna whom the ring of gladness 
with which it opens is borrowed (Anth. Grace. 
Carm. Chritt., p. 1 ; JAltUdaU, p. 281). In 
the other pieces there is seldom anything that 
answers to the force, spontaneity, sustained 
exaltation of Si John of Damascus. The joy- 
oneness is confined chiefly to the refrains, and 
the general treatment follows the narrative 
menDer of Bomanus ; but somewhat loaded by 
typology and doctrinal statement (A full 
selection may be seen in Daniel, Hi. pp. 36, 
seq., and Anth. Grace. Carm. Chritt., 161, acq,; 
tr*. of the Christmas Canon in Neale, Hy. E. 
O., pp. 66; Littledole's Office*, p. 187, aeq.) 

§ xviii. The Potto of the Stadium. In the 
peaceful interval commencing with the restora- 
tion of the lean* by the Second Council of 
Nioaea(A.p. 787), and ending in the renewal 
of persecution by Leo the Armenian (a.d. 
818), the great monastery of the Stadium at 
Constantinople became the home of bymno- 
graphy. Neale says that this period is marked 
by the commencement of decline in vigour 
and freshness and increase of "Byzantine 
bombast." 

1. St. Theodore (died a.d. 826) was Hegu- 
mon of the monastery ; a man of " rigid, un- 
bending, unyielding character," in outward life, 
but revealed as penetrated with love and peni- 
tence in his Lent Canons in the THodion (Neale). 
A triumphal Canon for the greet festival that 
commemorates the victory of the Icon*, Ortho- 
doxy Sunday, is by him. (Seetr.inNcale's.Hu. 
E. &, p. 11S£ " A song, n song of gladness. ) 
His Canon on the Judgment is pronounced by 
Neale "the grandest judgment hymn or the 
Church," previous to the composition of the 
Diet Irae. (See rib* npApav T))ir tppixTTiy, and 
Neale, Hy. E. 0, p. 104, " That fearful day," 
to.) Certain Canons in the Triod&m and 
Ptintaeottaritm are by his younger brother 
Joseph, afterwards Bp. of Thettaloniea. There 
is a Canon of much tenderness— the "Suppli- 
cant Canon by Theootistus ** — at the end of the 
Paradetiee, which has been re-cost by Neale, 
(See Sy. E. Ch., p, 153, and 'ImreS y\iMir<n-t). 
. 2. St Theophantt {circa 800-50). By the 
Greeks this poet is named with St. John of 
Damascus and Cosmas as in the highest 
rank of their hymn-writers. Like them, too, 
he is associated with Jerusalem, and possibly 
with St, Sabas (sea nwphsus, flt,). He is 
the most prolific of the Greek hymn-writers, 
with the exception of St Joseph (Neale). The 
{treat bulk of his Cottons and Idiometa are 
found in the Menaea, and the subjects to 
which he devotes them ore the Martyrs and 
Confessors of the Greek Calendar, Neale 
points out the inevitable sameness and tedi- 
oneness which results from devoting a separate 
canon to each saint, when all that can be said 
is, that they died for Christ ; commending at 
the same time the wiser Latin practice in 
which " not even the Apostles have separate 
hymns, but supply themselves from the Com- 
mon." Neither Neale nor the authors of the 
Anth. Qraee. present anything of remarkable 
merit from these compositions. (See A*5t« 
twarrt! vftmM and & lAaVriri fiov Ki/wnj.) 

8. St. Joteph the Hymhographer (circa 840). 



GKEEK HYMNODY 



465 



Tliis most voluminous of the Greek poets 
belonged by birth to the Sicilian school of 
hymnograpners, bnt like Methodius of Syra- 
cuse, the circumstances of his life drew him 
to Constantinople. Neale's judgment of him 
is unfavourable. His canons in the Menaea 
are celebratione of saints and martyrs, of 
whom little is known ; and the result is tau- 
tology, " common-place decked out in tiugio 
language," verbiage in which Scriptural sim- 
plicity is exchanged for Byzantine tawdriness. 
The best features however of this style he tries 
to reproduce in " Stars of the morning," in his 
Hjf. E. O. The cento from the canon for SS. 
Timothy and Mauia, "Let our choir new 
anthems raise," is one of Nealo's best pieces, 
and it derives additional interest to us from 
Kingsley'a beautiful poem Santa Maura. (See 
rail' tipir hBXo^ipuv.') But much of its ex- 
cellence is Ncaie's. And in "O happy 
band of pilgrims," and "Safe home, safe home 
in port, Neale himself confesses how little 
is really due to the original. One piece of 
St. Joseph, however, the " Canon on the Ascen- 
sion" (on'onif TpnS(ifpoi), though anticipated 
by the Canon of St. John of Damascus, is in 
doctrinal force and dramatic presentation very 
majestic It is probably the finest hymn 
extant on the Ascension. 

§ xix. SuoseguenC Bymn-WrUtr» (900-1100). 
These may be dismissed rapidly ; neither in 
the amount or merit of their contributions 
can they rank with their predecessors. The 
enormous bulk of the service bookB pointed to , 
retrenchment, rather tha:t introduction of 
much new matter, and such a retrenchment 
was carried out after the schism between East 
and West. (See details Fitra, Ifymn. Greeoue, 
p. 62.) Among the pieces of this later time 
Neale has chosen for translation a cento from 
one of the eight Canons of Metropkana (died 
910) in honour of the Trinity, " O Unity or 
Threefold Light." (See rpupcyyiit Mowti 
Biapxuci-) Another of them is published in 
Anth. Oraee. Carm. Chritt., pp. 354-7. In 
the same volume, pp. 110-12, are the Exapo- 
steilaria of Oonstantine Porphyrogenitns (913- 
959) on the Resurrection. Daniel has also, 
two canons of John Hanropus (died 1060), one 
of which is very jubilant They were not how- 
ever incorporated in the Greek Service Books. 
One or two hymns however were admitted as 
late as Fhilotheus (1360), patriarch of Con- 
stantinople, and even in the 16th century. See 
Anth. Qraee. Carm. Chritt, p. xxxviii, 

§ xx. (kmdtuion. The most remarkable cha- 
racteristic of Greek hymnody is its objective- 
ness, with which is closely connected its 
faculty of sustained praise Whether the 
theme bo the mystery of the Triune Godhead 
or the Incarnation, or the mighty periods of 
Christ's incarnate work in earth and heaven : 
or whether some life or narrative of Holy 
Writ, considered in its doctrinal or typical 
reference — the attitude of the poet is always 
one of self-forgetful, rapt, or ecstatic contem- 
plation. While in the English hymn the 
Scripture fact or type or doctrine is the text 
or motto, and the body of the hymn consists 
of the human blessings, warnings or enlight- 
enments Uiat flow from it, the mind of the 
Greek poet rests and delights in the Bevela. 
tion itself, and leaves the human references 



466 



GREEK HYMNODY 



subordinated, hinted, or oven wtexpressed. 
Visible everywhere, this contrast is most 
marked in the absorbed rapture with which 
the Greek poet hymuB the Divine Perfections 
and tho Incarnation, -when compared with out 
self-regarding mode of praise. This habit of 
thought has However its disadvantages. By 
its discouragement of the development of 
human emotion, aspiration, and benefit, the 
tango of subjects and reflection is narrowed ; 
and in the later poets the repetition of the 
same types, epithets, and metaphors issues in 
sameness, conventional diction, and fossil 
thought. It is impossible to avoid the con- 
viction, that the great bnlk of Greek hymns 
would have had a richer value, if it had 
sought for inspiration in the deep spiritual 
analysis of St. Paul, or the interpretation of 
the changing moods of the soul, whioh are of 
such preoiousnesB in the Psslnis. ThoEnglish 
translations omit one of the prevalent features 
of tho original, the excessive honour and 
power ascribed to tho Blessed Virgin. Tho 
place assigned to her is as high as in tho Roman 
theology : the closing strophe of every ode is 
usually devoted to her (seo § ivii.) ; and there 
ore nmnberloes canons on her scriptural and 
legendary history : ttio result boing to lower 
that celebration of tho Incarnation, whioh is 
intended to be gunided and enhanced. The 
difficulty of naturalizing the Greek hymnB here 
arises from their wide divergence from English 
form. The sparkling Greok freezes in our 
metres, and tho unity, proportion of ports, com- 
pactness, and selection of nllied ideas, whioh 
wo demand, havo no correlatives in the loose, 
wandering, disconnected strophes. This is 
illustrated by tho extant translations. With 
one exception ("Come, ye faithful, raise the 
strain,") none of tho successful translations 
in Nenlo are exact reproductions of the odes 
of a canon, but either centos from thein se- 
lected with on eye to unity, or shorter, more 
pointed pieces, to which he has given his 
own individuality, either of construction or 
language. Three of the most popular ones 
(" Art thou weary," " O happy band of pil- 
grims," and " Safe home, safe liomo in port "), 
fey Nealo's confession, contain so little of tho 
Greek, that they ought not to have boon 
called translations. Dr. Littledale's render- 
ings are more nervous and faithful, though 
less lyrical, than Nealo's ; but these, too, ore 
taken from the shorter hymns. It seems 
probable that tho most successful translations 
will bo either centos from the long canons, 
or renderings of the Bhorter hymns, in which 
there is often greater freshness and sweetness, 
with a more terse expression of the ideas, 

[Authorities.— < 1) Daniel's Tnesavnti Synndogt- 
cm, lS4i-iaa», (si AnOwkyia Gracca Carmimn 
Chrittianorum, by M. Christ And M. Feranihss, 1871. 
(3) JTymnofrranMe Grecquc, by Cmdinri Pttra, 1B6T, 
(0 Journal del Savants, 1876 ; article by MOler. (si 
ChristianEesMmbTitncer,vt>l.K. (8)jntcvi&>ptFdut.Brl> 
tannica, 9th «d., " Hymns." (?) xTeele's Introduction 
to Hittory of the Holy Eastern Church, I85t. fe)rr«il6'8 
Hmrnt o/ the Eastern Church, 18G2. (0) Ltttledale's 
Qfficeiqf th» Btutern Church, 1883. {10)Cbatfleld'sAm(W 
and Ejfxiiu qf the Earliest Greek Christian Petit, 18)0. 
(11) Lyra Mettiwiica, lsst, (14) Orthodox Catholic 
Review, 187S. (13) Mrs. Browning, Qretk Christian 
Pwts, 1S83. (11) I. Williams's naught! in Past Years, 
1838. (IS) H. M. Macgill's Songs of the christian 
Creed and Lift, 18JS-S. (IS) Rev. S. 4. Hatberly's ed. 
vtl)i.lSttsiii'e>Hyi.cfthcg(uternChurch,igfti. (U)Dr. 



GREG, SAMUEL 

Llttledale'B Offices, fee Thificontalng the most extensive) 
and accurate Glossary of Greek Ecclesiastical terms avail- 
able la the English reader. (18) Vtterei Oraeci Pottae, 
by La Ttoviere, ISM.] [H. L. B.] 

Greenwell, Dorothy, commonly known 
as "Dora Greenwell," was b, at Greenwell 
Ford, Durham, in 1821; resided at Oriogham 
Rectory, Northumberland (1848); Golbome 
Rectory, Lancashire; Durham (1854), and 
Clifton, near Rristol, where shed, in 1882. Her 
works include Poems, 1848; The Patience of 
Hope, 1861; The Life of Laoordaire; A 
Present Heaven ; Two Friends ; Song$ of Sal- 
vation, 1874, &c. Her Life, by W. Darting, 
was pnb, in 1885. [J. J,] 

Greenwood, Joan Brooke, h. at Hud- 
dorsfleld, Feb. 9, 1828, and educated at the 
Huddersfield College, is a merchant shippor of 
cotton yam to the continental markets. In 
1853 he pub. Beeorde-Memorial of E. B. 
Cave. He has written many hymns, chiefly 
for Sunday-school anniversary services, and 
other speoial occasions. Of these the follow- 
ing, which appeared with others in an Appen- 
dix to the Lecde S. School H. Bk., pub. for the 
nse of the Cheetham Hill (Manchester) S. 
School, ore in C. V. outside that collec- 
tion: — 

1, Grewn with Thy benedietton. Holy Matrtvumy, 

t. Hniuur no slam of past, Return of the Dove to 
the Ark. 

8. Row long, lord, how long I Thy children sigh, 
1st pub. Id the Xanchetter Cong. Magatine, 

4, There is no fold so Mr as Thine,. Die Church of 
Christ. 

5. 'What shall wa render, lord, to Thiol Holy 
Baptism. 

The fnll text of No. 4 la *l stanzas, t-lv. forming 
the original, and v.-vii. being a subsequent addition. 
Through a Roman Catholic relative of the author st. i.-lv, 
were given in the Catholic Progrett with ber initial 
" &." From thence It was taken by Mr. Orby Shipley 
and included In his Annus Sanctus> 1H8+, Pt. 1L, p. 81, 
with the same signature. The foil text is in Border's 
The Poet't Bttle, 

Mr. Greenwood's hymns possess great ten- 
derness and refinement, and arc worthy of 
greater attention than they have received. 

[W.G.H.] 

Greg, SamueL was b. in Manchester, 
Sept 6, 1804, and educated by Dr. I^nt Car- 
penter, at Bristol, and at the Edinburgh Uni- 
versity. He subsequently became a millowner 
at Bollington, near Macclesfield. He died, 
May 14, 1877. The addresses given by him 
at services which he conducted for his work- 
men at Bollington were pub. posthumously as 
A Layman's Legacy, 1877, with a prefatory 
note by Dean Stanley. He was also author of 
Scenes from the Life of Jesus, 1854, 2nd ed. 
1869. Some of his short poems were appended 
to his Layman't Legacy. He is known to 
hymnody as the author of: — 

1. stf soul 1b death was tleepinr. jft» Life in 
Oiritt. Appeared in his Scenes from the Life of Jam, 
iss4, and included In tbe Bupt. Symnal, lt/n. Mo. Ms. 

I. Slowly, slowl? darfcimint. tjid Age. Written 
in the midst of affliction, Sept. 1888, and pub. to his 
Layman's Legacy, 187t, In 11 at. of 4 1., and entitled 
" The Mystery of life.'' to last it -wm given in W. G. 
Herders Gong. Hy&nt, Mo. SiT. In afarttnean's ^nna, 
1873, it reads, " Mho, slowly, rtowly, datltetungr It 1b 
a hymn of great merit, and ia well suited for Private 
Devotioa. 

S. Stay, Hatter, stay upon tills heavenly MIL 
[Tramftguration.1 1st pub. in his Scenes from theLtfe 
ef fetai, 18B«, at toe cloee of a chapter on the Trans- 
figuration. It was reprinted In MacmHtan's Magattiiu, 



GREGOB, CHBISTIAN 

MO. pp. 843-3, together with Dean Stanley's tiymu, 
"Muter, It iigood to be." on the same sutdect. It was 
included In wl tt. Herder's Ct»w. fTyimw, 1884, No, 
»«■ [W. G. H,] 

Gregor, Christian, s. of Gecrg Gregor, 
a peasant living in the Silesian village of Dire- 
dorf, near Peilau, was b. at Diisdorf, Jan. 1, 
1723. In 1712 bo wont to Herrnhut, where ho 
was at first employed in tuition. He became 
lender of the music in the [Moravian] Breth- 
ren's congregation at Herrnbaag, in 1748. and 
in 1749 at Zoist ; but in 1753 be returned to 
Herrnhut as cashier of the Brethren's Board 
of Direction. He tu, in 1756, ordained dia- 
conos, in 1767 presbjter, and in 1789 bishop 
of the Brethren's Church. On Nov. 6, 1801, 
be attended a meeting, hold at Hormhnt, of 
the Board of Direction of which ho had been 
a member from 1761. Just ae he entered his 
bouse at Bertheledorf, near Herrnhut, he was 
struck with paralysis, and d. that same day. 
(Koch, vi. 436 ; AUg. Deuttehe Biog., is. 630.) 

He woe a man greatly beloved and respected, simple 
of heart loving, earnest and hardworking i and was en- 
trusted with many Important missions and visitations. 
His hymns are characterised by childlike fervour of de- 
votion to hie crucified Lord. A number appeared in 
JH* kianen BrSder-Oaatalmdu Slitter TVft, Darby, 
lMJi but they were mostly contributed to the Gttang- 
fiuca *am Gebra/ueh der mangtHnfien Brttder Qemeinen, 
liirby, Ills, of which be was the principal editor. He 
vaa also an excellent organist, and edited, tn L7S4, a 
collection of accompanying tunes for the hyimu-boolc of 
1T7S, contributing thereto varioua melodies by himself. 
A little volume entitled SWaritcIa Jfackricbt mt» 
SrHder^Sttanffbtake da JOhret IMS, wad ton daten 
Litdtr-Verfatttnt, Gnadau, less (Sod ed., 1951), occa- 
sionally referred to in these pages, Is based «n materials 
collected by Gregor. 

Hi* Ajwwm in Ettgliih 0. U, are : — 
i, Bl* dereinst meta Stundlein sohlaft, [£ow to 
Oris*.] 1778, No. 640, in 5 at. of 4 1. TV, 
as:— 

Till psnaittsd hsnos to go, of st. i., ii., iv. t as 
No. 583 in the Moravian If. Bk, 1801 (1886, 
No. 1228). In 1826 an original st, by T. Bird 
was added, beginning, ""nil the day when I 
shall tread." Repeated tans in 1886, No. 1228, 
and in J. A. Latrobe's Coll., 1841, No. 484. 

Ii Die Gottea Cherubim. [The Angels.'} Ap- 
peared as No, 1877 in Appendix xii. c, 1746, to 
the Herrnhut Q. B. of 1735, thus :— 
" mo Qottes Cberubtai 
Erbeben f hra Stimm, 
fFunkelnd tod SHta and Strahl,) 
Ihr Lied Est, wenn ichs sagea darf. 
Due splelt mebr sis erne Hart : 
Ehre dam Seitvamaal 1 " 

In 1778 it is included as No. 1600, beginning, 
"Die Gottes Seraphim," and expanded to three 
stanzas; i. of the Angels ; ii. of the Kedeemed ; iii. 
of the Church on Earth. Here the song, "Ehre 
dem Seitenmaal," is given to the Church on 
Earth, and a paraphrase of Is. vi, 3, to the 
Angels. The only tr. in C 0. is : — 

The Bersphitn of God, in full from the 1776, by 
J. Miller and F. W. Foster, as No, 702 in the 
Moravian H. BK, 1789 (1888, No, 1220), repeated 
in J. A. Latrobe'e Coll, 1841, No. 424. An- 
other tr. is " The Chernbims of God," from the 
original form, as No. 93 in pt. iii. of the Mora- 
vian B. Bk, 174B. 

ill, Eeillgar, heiliger, heiHter, Heir Zebaeth. 
[Pvblie Warship.'] The introductory hymn in 
1778, in 4 st, of 8 1., as -on " The Word of God." 
The only tr. ia ;— 

Holy Lord, Holy Lord, Holy and Almighty Lord, 



GBEGOR, CHRISTIAN 467 

by F. W. Foster, C. G. Clemens, and J. Swertner, 
as No. 1 in the Moravian H, Bk, 1789 (1886, 
No, 1), Included from the text of 1801, as 
No. 217 in Dr. Pagenateeher's Coll., 1864. 

iv. Hash taasendfaohan Tlagan, [Pamimtidt.] 
1778, No. 128, ia 8 1. It is tr. as:— 

Behold, my soul, Thy Saviour, by P. H. Molther, 
as No. 352 in the Moravian H, St., 1789. See 
No. vi. 

v, angenehme Angenblloke, [Eternal Life.'] 
Written in 1766. In 1778, No. 1749, in 2 st. of 
8 1. The trs. are :— 

1. What heavonly Joy and consolation, by P. H, 
Molther, of st. L, as No. 886 in tbe Mortmian II, 
Bk., 1789 (1886, No, 1314, at. iii). Included 
as st. iii. of No. 403 in the Irish Church Hijl, 1873. 

S, Owhstjey, what joy awnlteth me, No. 988 
in the Moravian H. Bk, 1801. In the 1886 edi- 
tion it is marked as a tr. of No. v. as above. It 
bears more resemblance, however, to "O wie 
wallt mein Hcrz," which is No. 268 in the 1806 
Appendix to the Bruder Q. B. of 1778. 

vi. susse Seelenweide. [Passionticle.] 1773, 
No. 167, in 11 st. of 8 1. St. i,, ii. are ascribed 
to Gregor ; iii., iv., xL to Johann Pritorius j and 
v.-x. tn C. R. von Hnzendorf (taken from Nos, 
40 and 41 of the collected ed. of his hymns, 
1754). Their, is:— 

How is my soul delighted, a tr. of at. i., ii,, iv., 
v., vil, x. by F. W. Foster, and J. Miller, as No. 
360 in the Moravian B. Bk, 1789. In the 1801 
and later eda. (1888, No. 407), Molther's tr. of 
No. iv. was prefixed as st. i., new trs. of st. viii., 
x. given, and the rest altered. In the Book of 
Com. Fraiae, ed. 1872, No. 86, is at. i., u,, II. &-8, 
and iiL, by Gregor ; and iv., 11. 5-8, by Prtttorius, 
beginning, "Behold, my son], thy Sariour." 

vil, O Tag* wahier Beligkett, [Joy of Forgive- 
ness.] 1773, No. 398, in 6 st. of 8 1., included 
in the Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1863. IV. as : — 

days of solid happiaets, in full as No. 340 ia 
ihn Moravian H.Bk., 1801 (1886, No. 386). Two 
centos from the text of 1849 are in C. tl, : — 

1, " What days of solid happiness," et. i.-^v., as No. 
133 in the ed. of 186V of Mercer's O. P. and B. Bk. 

3, " Whene'er we contemplate tbe grace," at. iv.~vi, 
as No. 3M In the Irish Church Hyl.. 18T3. 

viii. Wean sahhift die anconohme Stand*, [jls- 
oaaion.] Written forAug. 17, 1785, and incliidod 
as No. 113 in 1767, (is above, in 8 1, Tr. at : — 

When, O whoa shall I have the favour, by P, H, 
Molther, c 1774, included as No. 839 in the 
Moravian H. Bk, 1789, repeated as St. ii. of No. 
403, in the Irish Chm-ch Hyl., 1873. In the 
1886 ed. of the Moravian H. Bk, No. 1314, 
It begins, "O when shall I have that great 
favour." 

Ix. Tie wtid mir oust dooh sain, [Eternal 
Life.] 1778, No. 1743, in 10 st. of 6 1. In 
the Btstorisahe yachrickt thereto, st. L— iiL are 
marked as by Gregor, and st. iv.-i. as by N. L. 
von Zmzcndorf. St. iv.-x. sre recast from a 
hymn beginning, " Ke B&ume bluhen ab," writ- 
ten in the autumn of 1721, and included ns No, 
1245 in the 3rd ad., 1731, of his Sammlwig gckt- 
tind IkMicher Lieder, in 46 st. of 4 1., the st. of 
the original used being in order 39, 42, 34, 18, 
23, 29, 45. The only tr. in C. U. is l— 

What shall I feel, when I, in full from the 
1778, by C. I. Latrobe, as No. 685 in the Mora- 
vian H. Bk, 1789 (1886, No. 1301). Two centos 
are in use :-— 



468 GREGORY, JOHK G, 

I. "How shall the Joy be told"; it. i-tv.,*!., vlli. 
altered in J. A. Latrobe'e Coll., Ml, No. 498. 

S. " I ben tbs enraptured song " ; si 3, 6, 9, 10, as 
Ho. SS2 tn tbe App. of 1SI3 to Mereerj C. P. (6 if. £fc. 

ii. Hyttim not tn Englith C. U. . — 
x. Aon main Hen Jean ! Wi HsJuaein. Onit- 
munum ™rtfc tfcrftt. list, as above, No. *», in 10 at. 
In the Berlin O. L. S., ed. 18*3, No. WS. Justly charac- 
terieRl by Dr. Schen" in hie Cftrii* i« Sniff, 1369, p. «8, 
as " One of tbe sweetest hymns from tbe holy of holies 
of tbe believer's personal communion with hts Saviour, 
and very characteristic of Moravian piety in its best 
form." Tbe (rj, m (1) " What pesos divine, what per- 
fect happiness," by P. H. Molther, as No. 2TB In toe 
Jloruinn* IT. Bk., 1J89 (1849, No. 363). In the 18B6 
ed. of the Jforaefciit tf. *fc., No, 359, it begins with the 
tr. of St. v, " Gracious Kedeemer, grant to tu while 
here." (2) "Jesus, our Lord, wben Thou art near," 
by Dr. H. MOii, 18« (1866, p. 1*2). CT "Ahdearest 
Lord! to feel that Thou art near," by Mia Winkvarth, 
1868, p. 168. (4) " Ah, Jesus, Lord, Thou art near to 
me," In tbe BritisK Kerald, Dec, ln66,p. 312, and as 
No. 304 In Beid'e Proiw Bk., 1892. (5) "Jeans, my 
Lord, Thy nearness does impart," by B. Beynolds for 
Scbaffs Christ in Soup, 1889, p. 496. 

id, Hallelujah ! dez Holland lebt, Easier, Vila, 
No. 203, in IT at. (st. xiv. being by Matthias Stach, and 
let pub. as st. ii. of No. 109, In Iter). Tr, as "Sing 
Hallelujah, Christ doth live," as No. 131 in tbe Jftrouftm 
M. Bk„ 1901 (lass. No. 142\ repeated in Bp. Kyle's 
Coll., i860, No. 131. Beginning with (he tr. of st. lit, 
" The God of Peace, to guilty man," est. were Included 
as No. 30 in Rekl's Praise Bk., 1ST 2. [J. M.] 

Gregory, John George, m.a., was b. in 

1627 and educated at Emmanuel College, 
Cambridge (b-a. 1S53, m.a. 1856). Li 1853 
he took Holy Orders, and has held, besides 
various curacies, the incumbency of Nechells, 
Birmingham ; the Rectory of Bonchureh, Isle 
of Wight; ond the Incumbency of Park Chapel, 
Chelsea. In 1878 be became Incumbent ofit 
EmnianuelChurch,Hove,Brighton. WhilBtat 
Bouchuroh he pub. The Boncliurch Hijaw Boole, 
1868. The 3rd ed. was pub. for the use of his 
congregation at Park Cbapcl, Chelsea, in 1873. 
It was finally rearranged as A Sel. of Jffwmns 
for use in .Emmanuel Church, Save, Brighton, 
in 1880. To tbe 1st ed. of this collection ho 
contributed : — 

1. Almlghty-God, onr King. Proeidente. 

2. Bind us to Thee, Lord, we pray. Botinets desired. 

3. Christ, our Lord, enthroned on high. Chrit tmas, 
*. Defer not, our God. Missions. 

B, Every hour 1* passing. Ihe onward journey* 
8. Father, we adors Thee. Holy Trinity. 

7. Creatttod, we bless Thy care, Gracet. 

8. High above all the angels dolh Jesus now reign. 
Advent. 

9. Holy Saviour, Thou Who rsignrst. Advent. 

18. In tilth and nope we bring this child. Holy 
Baptism. 

II. in memory of Thy love. Holy Communion. 

12. Jesus, Whose love so full, so free. Divine 
outdance desired. 

13. Kbid and gracious Saviour, lead us. Sailer. 

14. Lead Thou, Lord, and bid u& follow, WhUsun- 
tide. 

is. Lord, hear Thy people pray. Holy Baptin.. 

16. Lord, our God, Thy wondrous grace, close vf 
Ifioine Worship. 

IT, O God, we would raise, Fraisc, 

18. O what shall wc poor children jflve. Grata. 

] 9. The land of lmmanuel, our Saviour, is yonder. 
Heaven. 

SO. We owe to Thee, O Lord. CaUed qf God, 

21. Zlon's streets were thronging. Jerusalem desolate, 

In the rearranged edition of his collection 
for Emmanuel Church, Hove, Mr. Gregory 
omitted Nog. 7, 8, 15, IS, 19, and 21 of the 
above, and added the following ; — 

M. Eialtedo'er angels doth Jeeue now reign. Advent. 
No. s rewritten. 
23. I would take me to the Cross. Good Friday, 
31. Jesus, our Lord, we look to Thee, Advent, 



GBEGOBY OF NAZIANZUS 

2B, LonKJodofendlessloie, close of Divine Service, 

29. Lord, it Is sweet to rest, close of Divine .Ip vice, 

21. Lord Jesus, by Thy precious blood. Passitmtiie, 

38. O brethren, let us sing. Morning. 

29. theer thee, thou Christian. Morning. 

38. O Lord, our Father, Ood and King. Praise to 
the Hither. 

31. Our Holy Saviour soon shall come. Advent. 

33. Pray, Chrletlan, pray, tby Father God will heed 
thee. /Yayer. QJ, J.] 

Gregory of Hazi&nEua (8t. angary Ha- 
sianien), Bishop of Saaima and of Constanti- 
nople, b. of Gregory, Bishop of Nazianzus in 
Cappadocia, and Nonna, his wife, was b. at a 
village near that city yrhere his father bod an 
estate, and called Arizanzus. The date of his 
birth ia unknown, but ia generally given as 
a.s. 325. In early childhood ho was taught 
to read the Scriptures by his mother. From 
his home he passed with his brother Caesarius 
to a school at Caesarea, the capital of Cappa- 
docia, where he was instructed by one Cartcrius, 
supposed by some to be the same as the sub- 
sequent head of the monasteries of Antioch, 
and instructor of St Chrysostom. At Caesoroa 
he probably met with Baail, with whom ho 
maintained a life-long friendship. From Cue- 
saiea Basil went to Constantinople, and Gre- 
gory and his brother to Caesaica in Palestine. 
In a short time his brother passed on to Alex- 
andria, whilst he remained behind to study 
rhetoric, and then followed his brother to that 
city. From Alexandria he went to pursue his 
study at Athens. On his journey there the 
ship iti whioh he sailed encountered a severe 
hurricane, so much so, that all despaired of 
life. The voyage, however, terminated safely, 
and Gregory felt his deliverance to be a fresh 
call upon him to devote himself to God. At 
Athens, Julian (the Emperor) was a fellow 
student, anil there he also met Basil again, 
and rendered him much assistance. His 
studies at Athens extended over some ten 
years. About 356 bo returned to Nazianzus, 
from whence, after great persuasion on tho part 
of Basil he joined the latter at Pontus, and 
devoted himself for some two or three years to 
an ascetic life. On returning to his home the 
holy office of the priesthood was forced upon 
him by his father : but instead of exercising 
his office he fled to Pontus, only to return 
again in a few months. Ordained, probably 
at Christmas, he preached his first sermon 
in the Church at Nazianzus on the following 
Easter-day, A.D. 862. In 370, through Basil, 
who had become Metropolitan of Cappa- 
docia and Exarch of Pontus, Gregory consented 
most unwillingly to be consecrated as Bishop 
of Susima. Subsequently he became for a 
short time his father's coadjutor at Nazianzus, 
About Easter, a.d, 379, ho was called by the 
oppressed orthodox Christians of Constanti- 
nople to that city. The people's wish was sup- 
prated by the voice of many of the bishops. 
He arrived there, it is supposed, about Easter. 
Ho found tbe adherents of the Nicene Creed 
few, and crushed by the heretics, and without 
a church in whioh to worship. His work, and 
the opposition bo met with in that city, we 
cannot detail here. Failing health, and a dis- 
pute respecting the validity of his position as 
Bp. of Constantinople, led him, in a.d. 381, to 
retire to Nazianzus. After administering the 
affairs of that diocese for a short time he re- 
tiled to his birthplace at Arizsuzus, and occu- 



GREGORY I. 

pled his remaining yean— probably abdut six 
— in wilting poems, Ac. He d. eir. 390. 

St. Gregory's extant writings were pub. in two folio 
volumes, the first in ms ; MudUtesecondlnltMO. This 
ii commonly known is the Benedictine edition tat is 
entitled Satxti Jtotrii noitrt Uregorii Ituohai -outgo 
tfaiianteni ArcMeptieopt Oonttavtinapotitam, Optra 
omnia qaot extant vel tjui nomine circtarferuntur, ad 
MSB. codicei GaUicanoi, Fotfcanor, Csmumicor, Angti- 
coi, nee turn od <Hitfjt(M>™i editvmet eattigata, ex., So. 
Vol. i. contains +s Sermons, and vol. 1L Letters on 
Various Subjects, and tats poems. The latter are in two 



GBiSGOBY I. 



4<M 



Boo**: Bk. 1.(1) dogmatic, mineral] Bfc. 11. historical, 
(11 relating to himself, (s) relating to others, including 
epitaphs, &o. The dogmatic poems are 38 ; the moral 
4o; those relating to his own life 99, and miscellaneous 
over go. Many of these are given in the Anth. Oraa. 
Car. CKrit., and Daniel, ML pp. H, 16, and 8 are trans- 
lated by Mr. Cbatfleld In bis timgi and Hmnt of the 
Greek ChrilHan pattt, ISIS. For fuller details of St. 
tiregory** Life and Writings, his works in as. and book 
form and other matters relating thereto, see Diet, of 
ChriitiaH Biof., vol. 1. pp. M1-TO1, and for criticism of 
Us poetry, Onek HTnmody, ) iv. [J, J.] 

Gregory L, St, Pope. Snmamed The 
Great Was U at Rome about a.d. 540. His 

family was distinguished not only for its rank 
and social consideration, but for its piety and 
good works. His father, Gardiauus, said to 
bare been the grandson of Pope Felix IL or 
III., was a man of senatorial rank and great 
wealth; whilst his mother, Silvia, and her 
sisters-in-law, Tarsilla and Aemiliana, at- 
tained the distinction of canonization. Gre- 
gory made the best use of his advantages in 
circumstances and surroundings, so far as his 
education wont. "A saint among saints," he 
wbb considered second to none in Borne in 
grammar, rhetoric, and logic. In early life, 
before his father's dentil, he became a member 
of the Senate ; and soon after he was thirty 
years of age, praetor of the city. Rut, though 
extremely popular amongst his countrymen, 
he had nommd to live "lapped in luxury," 
and accordingly, when his father died, he de- 
voted the whole of the large fortune that he 
inherited to religions uses. He founded no 
less than Bis monasteries in Sicily, as well as 
one on the site of his own house at Rome, 
to which latter he retired himself in the capa- 
city of a Benedictine monk, in 575. In 577 
the then Pope, Benedict I., made liim one of 
the*even Cardinal Deacons who presided over 
the seven principal divisions of Rome. The 
followiug year Benedict's successor, Pelagins 
IL, sent him on an embassy of congratulation 
to the new emperor Tiberius, at Constanti- 
nople. After six years' residence at Constan- 
tinople he returned to Borne. It was during 
this residence at Rome, before he was called 
upon to succeed Pelagius in the Papal chair, 
that his interest was excited in the evange- 
lization of Britain by seeing some beautiful 
children, natives of that country, exposed for 
sole in the slave-market there (" non Angli, 
sed Angeli"). He volunteered to head a 
mission to convert tbe British, and, having 
obtained the Pope's sanction for the enterprise, 
liad got three days' journey on his way to 
Britain when he was peremptorily recalled by 
Felajrius, at the earnest demand of the Roman 
people. In 590 he became Pope himself, 
and, as is well known, carried out nis benevo- 
lent purpose towards Britain by the mission 
of St. Augustine, 596. His Papacy, upon 
which he entered with genuine reluctance, 
and only after he had taken every step in his 



power to be relieved from the office, lasted 
until 604, when he d. nt the early age of 
fifty-five. His Pontificate was distinguished 
by his zeal, ability, and address in the 
administration of his temporal and spiritual 
kingdom alike, and his miseiqnaries found 
their way into all parts of the known world. 
In Lombardy he destroyed Arianism; in 
Africa he greatly weukened tlio Donatists; 
in Spain ho converted the monarch, Beccared ; 
while he made bis influence felt even in the 
remote region of Ireland, where, till his day, 
the native Church had not acknowledged any 
allegiance to the See of Rome. He advised 
rather than dictated to other bishops, and 
strongly opposed the assumption of the title 
of " Universal Patriarch" by John the SVier 
of Constantinople, on the ground that the 
title had been declined by the Pope himself 
at the Council of Chaloedon, and declared his 
pride in being called the " Servant of God's 
Servants." Ho exhibited entire toleration for 
Jews and heretics, and his disapproval of 
slavery by manumitting all his own slaves. 
The one grave blot upon his otherwise up- 
right and virtuous character was his gross 
flattery in congratulating Phocas on his acces- 
sion to the throne as emperor in 601, a position 
the latter had secured with the assistance 
of the) imperial army in which he was a 
centurion, oy the murder of his predecessor 
Maurioius (whose six sons had been slaugh- 
tered before their father's eyes), and teat 
of the empress Constantina and her three 
daughters. 

Gregory's great learning woo for him the 
distinction of being ranked as one of the four 
Latin doctors, nnd exhibited itself in many 
worts of value, the most important of which 
are his Xoralium Liiiri xxzv., and his two 
books of hnmilies on EtekUl and the GotpeU, 
His influence was also great as a preacher and 
many of his sermons are still extant, and form 
indeed no inconsiderable portion of his works 
that liave come down to us. But he is most 
famous, perhaps, for the services he rendered 
to the liturgy and music of the Church, 
whereby he gained for himself the title of 
MagiHer Gaeremoniarum. His Saeramentary, 
in which he gave its dtfinite form to the Sacri- 
fice of the Mass, and his Ant iphonary, a col- 
lection which ho made of chants old and new, 
as well as a school called Orpjumotrophivm, 
which he established at Borne for the cultiva- 
tion of church singing, prove his interest in 
such subjects, and nis success in his efforts to 
render the public worship ot his day worthy 
of Him to Whom it was addressed. The Gre- 
gorian Tones, or chants, with which we are 
still familiar after a lapse of twelve centu- 
ries, we owe to his anxiety to supersede tbe 
more melodious and flowing style of church 
music which is popularly attributed to St. 
Ambrose, by the severer and more solemn 
monotone which is their characteristic 

The contributions of St. Gregory to our 
storeB of Latin hymns are not numerous, nor 
are the few generally attributed to him quite 
certainly proved to be his. But few as they 
are, and oy whomsoever written, they nra 
most of them still need in the services of the 
Church. In character they are well wedded 
to the grave and solemn music which St 



470 GREITTEB, MATTHAUS 

Gregory himself is supposed to have written 
forth eta. 

The Benedictine editors credit St. Gregory -with 6 
brums, vii. (l) "Primo dierum omnium " ; (2) " Nocte 
surgentes vigllemua * ; (3) " Eoue join noetis tenuttoi 
umbra"; C*> "Clarum deeua jajunii"; (SI "Audi 
bentgne waaitot"; (6) "Magno Ealutia gaudlo " ; O) 
"Rex Chrlste factor omnium"; (8) "Lode Creator 
Optime." Daniel fn his voi. i. assigns him three others. 
(») " Ecce tempus idonenm " ; (10) « Somml largltor 
praemli"; (11) "Koctls tempiw Jam praoterit." For 
tri. of these hymns see under their respective first 
lines. (For an elaborate account of St. Gregory, see 
Smith ana Waoe'a Dictionary of Christian Siigraphy.') 

[D. 8. W.j 

Greitter, MatthSue, was a mouk ana 
chorister of Strassburg Cathedral, but in 1524 
espoused the cause of the Reformation. In 
1528 ne was appointed assistant pastor of St. 
Martin's Church, and afterwards at St Ste- 
phen's. When the Interim [Agrfoala) was forced 
on StrassbuTg, ho was the only one of the 
Lutheran pastors that sought to further it, a 
course which he afterwards deeply regretted. 
His death is dated by Wetzel, i. 319, as Dee. 20, 
1550 ; by the AUg. Deutsche Btog., is. 636, as 
Not. 20, 1550 ; while Each, ii. 104, says he d. 
of the pestilence in 1552. 

GrelUer was a distinguished musician, and with bb 
friend Dachstefn (q.v.) edited (be Strassburg Xinhcn 
afluf, 1624-^, Fonr psalm tunes by Greitter, end one 
by Bacbsteln were Inserted by Cljlvln in hie HrstHymu- 
boot pniblisbed at Strassburg, 1533. All these were 
transferred to the first ed. of the French-Genevan 
Psalter In 1MX, and two of them, both by Greitter (the 
tunes to psalms 36 and Si), were retained In the anal ed. 
of 1583. Of Ms t ftalm versions 4 have been tr. Into 
Engllih:— 

L Aoh Gott, wis long vngisMst main, pt. scitt. 
1SS4. Wactternagd, 111. p. 88, in 4 st. SV. as, " O Lord, 
how lang forever wll thow foiiget," in the Gude and 
Godly Ballates,4A. 16<I8, folio 43 (1888, p. 78). 

B, D* Israel au* Egypten log. ps. cxiv. In bit 
%aen ptalnvtn; In exitu Israel, fee., Strassburg, 1637, 
thence tn Wachernagel, Hi. p. S3, in I et. IV. as, " Quben, 
fra Egypt departit Israeli," In the G. * <f. BaOatcs, ed. 
1MB. folio 66 (1868, p. BS). 

ill, Fioht una, tudht tun, ewlger Hen. Pi. aev. 
1W», as it., and Wackernagd, iiLp. 83, In 4 st. Tr. as, 
" Not unto ua, not unto us, O Lord," in the G. it G. 
AoIIatu, ed. 1MB, folio 66 (1838, p. 93). 

It, Herre Got*, bstnade rnleh. j>i. K. 153*. 
Wiichtmagel, iii. p. W, in 5 st. Tr. as, "0 Lmde God, 
have mercy on me," by Bp. Ooverdale, 1633 (Remain*, 
W6, p. ST4). [J. M.] 

Crreville, Eobert Kays, li .»., was eldest 
b. of Rov. Robert Greville, rector of Edlaston, 
Derbyshire, and was b. at Bishop Auckland in 
1794. He studied medicine at Edinburgh and 
London, and finally settled, though he did not 
practiao, in Edinburgh. He was a distinguished 
botanist, and a well-known philanthropist He 
edited and contributed to a number of the 
current annuals from 1830 to 1850. He was a 
member of the congregation of the Bev. D. T. 
K. Drummond, and joint editor with him of 
The Church of England Hymn-boob, 1838, 
contributing thereto 9 hymns. He d. at Mur- 
rayfleld, Edinburgh, June 4, 1866 (Miller's 
Singers & Songs, p. 133). [See Seevtith 
Hymuoiy, § Ti.] His hymns, dating from the 
collection of 1838, are; — 

l m A little while and every fear. Death anticipated. 

2. A lost end sinful worldioesve. Christmas. 

3. Before Thy throne in fetters bound. Tfrnjperancc. 

4. God of the world, wepralseThy name. Temperance. 

6, O Ancient of eternal days. Prttiw to the ftotlur. 
n, God, the Judge of nations, hear. JfationaZ Fait. 

7. God, we come before Thee. Happinets desirzd. 

5. While stlU Thy all-creative hand. God't laitk- 
fuhuts. 

a. To hunhle sonls in sonow bending. Burial. 



GE1NFIELD, THOMAS 

In addition to these hymns, some of which 
are still in C. U. and all aTe worthy of atten- 
tion, the following is also by Dr. Greville : — 

10. O God, from Tbee alone. Jtiaiiom. 

It appeared in The Church of England Msgatine, 
Jan. is, 183», in 3 st. of 4 1, In I8B3 it passed Into the 
S. P. C. K. Hymiu, So. 183, and was repeated in later 
editions and lii other collections. £J, J.] 

Griffiths, Ann, of Dolwar Feohon, Mont- 
gomeryBhire,wasb,in 1776,andd.inl805. She 
composed many beautiful hymns, a collection 
of which was pub. (posthumously) in 1806, 
and also in 1808, under the title of " Hymturn 
ofavA i Dduia or Oen " (" Hymns of Praise to 
God and the Lamb"). Several of her hymns 
rank with the best in the Welsh language, 

[W. G. T.] 

Qrlgg, Joseph, was b. in 1728, according 
to the "s» mss.," but this date seems to be some 
6 or 8 years too late. He was the son of poor 
parents and was brought up to mechanical 

Cutis. In 1713 he forsook his trade and 
me assistant minister to the Bev. Thomas 
Bares, of the Presbyterian Church, Silver 
Street, London. On the death of Mr. Bures 
in 1717, he retired from the ministry, and, 
marrying a lady of property, took up his 
residence at St. Albans. He d. at Waltham- 
stow, Essex, Oct 29, 1768. As a hymn-writer 
Grigg is chiefly known by two of his hymns, 
"Behold a stranger at the door"; and "Jesus, 
and can it ever be?" His hymn- writing began, 
it is said, at 10 years of age. His published 
works of various kinds number over 40. 
Those in which his hymns ore found are : — 

(1) Mtocdtaniei tm AS>rtd and B£tiaious Suited, sc, 
London, Elisabeth Harrison, 1TB6. (2) Tie Voice of 
Jkmgtr, the Voict of God. A Sermon i*i™<:K«t at 5(. 
AEoanr, and at Bw^Lane, Chiefly tcith a view to the 
ujgmhtnded Invasion. By J. Grigg. London, J. Bueb- 
laaid, 1130. To this is appended his hymn, "Shake, 
Britain, like an aspen shake/' (3) fbur Htynne on 
Divine Suttfectt wherein the Patience and Lose qf Our 
Divine Saviour it ditpUtytd, London, 1T84. (4) Bymnt 
&y the late Bet. Jote^A Grigg, Stourbridgs, 180S. (B) 
Dnring.l^GB and 1163 be also contributed 13 hymns to 
The CSrtsfiatw Magazine. 

In 1861 D. Sedgwick collected his hymns 
and poems, and pub. them with a memoir us : 

Bymnt on Divine Butjeett, * * * * London, 1861. 
This volume contains 40 "Hvmns," and IT "Serious 
poems." In the "s. mp." Sedgwick notes that In lsei 
be omitted 3 hymns by Grigg, iridcb were then unknown 
to him, vis. ^(1) On "The National Fast," appended 
to a sermon preached at Northampton, Feb. 13, 1731, by 
W. Warbniton, and nub. In London, 1761. (J) "A 
Harvest Hymn by the lute Rev. Joseph Grtgg," in 6 at. 
in the Swmgelicdt Jtaoatinet July, 1823; and (3) On 
the Parableof Dives and Laiarus, dated "Feb. ls.iw." 

[J. Jj 
Orinflold, Thomas, m.a., h Sept. 27th, 
178S, and educated at Paul's Cray, Kent, and 
Trinity College, Cambridge. Taking Holy 
Orders in 1813, he was preferred to the Eec- 
tory of Shirland, Derbyshire, in 1827 {Lyra 
Brit, 1867, p. 256), He d.m 1870. 
His published works include : — 
(1) l&yiitlce and MsceUan&ms Poems, London, 1816 1 
(3) The Omnipresence of Gtod, viith Other Sacred Poem*, 
Bristol, 1834 j and (3) A Century of original Sacred 
Sonfft conpQtedfor Vatottrite Airs, London, 1833. 

Prom Nos. 2 and 3 the following hymna 
have come into O. V. : — 

1. And is there a land far away from sin and woe 1 
Heaven. Ho. 84 of his Century of 0. S. Songs, 1B36, fn 
4 at. of 1 1., and headed " The Heavenly Land." 

S, how kindly haat Thou led me [us]. The Divine 
Guide. No.8aofhlaC/OTtary,4c.l838,inaBt.oiaL, 



GRISWOLD, ALEXANDER V. 

and entitled "Remembrance of the 'Way." In 1918 it 
waa given as No. MB in J. H. GufBer's Lutterworth 
CbU,, IBSSj In hii Marylebone Ft. & But., IBM, No. 
MB} Lord Selbome's «fc. nf Praise, 18*2, No. 208, and 
other oouectiotia, 
8. Than it bnrat, the glorlena -rltw. flSawn. 1st 



pub. In all Omt>ipr«t«M« of toi, be, 18M, p. 181, In 
3 Bt. of S 1., and entitled " The New Jerusalem," It IB 
given In Snepp'a Songt of G, A (7., 1HV2, No, 1003. 

ft, They talked of Jena aa they went. 3fte ttulfe to 
Jtematu. 1st pub. In his Oentury, Ac., lSSfl, No. £2, 
to 6 st. of 8 1., and beaded " The Visit to Emmeus." It 
was given In Lord Selbome'e JJfe, o/ Prafw, 1842, No. 
Ssf, and' In Lfra Bucharittiea, 1803. 

5. Though far from thy [year] oountry, unfriended, 
unknown. Departure cf MUHmaria. Appeared In 
Us Cfentury, fit, IBM, No. 38, in K bL of 4 1,, and 
beaded " Departure of MissloMriea." In Dale's -Eb^- 
tijfc H. Bk., 181ft. No, 1031, It ts somewhat altered, and 
at. 111. and iv. are omitted. 

6. 'Ml owu, flu time to oft foretold, Ckritttnat. 
No. 88 to hit Century, Ac., 1836, to 10 at. of B L, and 
headed " Angels announcing to Shepherds the Birth of 
a Saviour. A Christmas Ode." In J. H. Gurney'a 
Lutterworth £Kk, 1838, St, L, vL, lx., X. were given as 
No. 254. These were repeated In his Marylebone Ft. 4 
Syt., 1851, as No. Wi and In Lord Selbome'a Bk. of 
Fraite, lefia, as No. 3a. 

7. 'lis net in elronmftaneat, /nit*. In Ita originil 
form this Is not to €. IT., except In The CaAprehentive 
Xlfpon, 1844,but it appeared as No, 4iin his Gmtwjr.&c., 
1830, as "All may bo outwardly," to 4 Et. or 13 L In 
Dr. Dale's Bug. B. Bk., IBM, No. ooa, at. iii,-iv, are 
given in a slightly altered form. 

*, When my heart befuiluur. Pretence of Chritt 
feared- Ft. S. of Song 3 in his Omtury, kc., 1830, In 
13 1., and beaded "Remember me. The Christian's 
request of his Saviour." In Dale's Aiftalt iT. Bt,, 
1BJ4, No. KM, 1. T Is omitted. 

9. Why art then grieving! al-urt. No. 17 of his 
(fcnlurjr, fcs., 1838, in a st. of ia 1., snd headed " Why 
arttbon disquieted? Hope thou In God." In Dale's 
jftWKA H. Bk., 187*, No, 698, it begins « Why are iw 
grieving f and is divided hito st, of 41. 

In addition to these hymns there are in the 
Lyra Brit, 18G7, tlio fallowing : — 

10. All may be outwardly. The Bart the teat of 
Peace or Pain, No. 44, bnt see No. 7 for this. 

11. Orant me, Lord, to walk with Thee. Simplicity. 

15, O could we pflgrimB raise ear eyes, Walking by 
tailh. 

Of these, No. 10 is in Sacred Melodies Ap- 
pended to gome editions of the Comprehensive 
Bippon, together with the following ;— 

13. Happy those who rest have ibund. Jtcpose m 
JettH. No, B». 

14. Hew stilt amidst eemmotlon. Bapc, 

L£. O de not forsake me, my Fattier, my Friend, 
Qod't continued pretence attired. 

16, Bweetlylet'B join our evening hymn. garvieal 
Sea, 

IT, Sweetly ye blow, c e le sti a l gales. Far use at 5fea, 

15. Wake, my voice, wake oho* more. Farewell. 

These hymns ell appealed in his Century, 
&e„ 188ft, fW. T. B.] 

Griswold, Alexander Viets, d.d., h, at 
Simsbury, Connecticut, in 1766. After being 
for some time rector at Bristol, Rhode Island, 
ho was consecrated bishop of the "Eastern 
Diocese," in 18 II. He was subsequently Bishop 
of Massachusetts. He d. in'1843, and his me- 
moirs were pub. by Dr. J. 8. Stone. HU well- 
known hymn : — 

Holy lather, great Create*. Bills Trinity. Waa 
written probably to 1830. It appeared In that year In 
hie ftanStJF Prayers. In 4 st. of el. and entitled "Hymn 
to the God of Christians." With some alterations by 
Bp. Coxc, It was givenin Ityt,far Omrck and Bewt, Ac., 
Phlle., 1800, No. IS3. It wse repeated in the Bytnnal 
.... of the Protestant ^frficopol CTunA, 1811, No. 145, 

[F. M. B.] 

Qroaart, Alexander Balloch, d.d., 
li^d., was h. at Stirling, N.B„ on 18th June, 
1835, and educated at the Falkirk Parish 



GBOSART, ALEXANDER B. 471 

School, and privately; the University of Edin- 
burgh, and the Theological Hall of the United 
Presbyterian Church. His own alma mater 
conferred on him the degree of ll.d., and 
St Andrew's University, ».». On 29th Octo- 
ber, 1856, he was ordained as minister of the 
First United Presbyterian Church, Kinross 
during which pastorate he become well known 
as editor of the Works and Biographies of 
Dr. Richard Eiibbes, Thomas Brooke, and many 
others, in Nichol'a Puritan Divines nnd Pun- 
ton Commentaries, and as author of the Lifts 
and Works of Michael Bruce, end of Jesus 
Mighty to Save, or Christ for all the World and 
all the rTorW for Chritt ; 8maR Bint ; Lamht 
all Safe, or Salvation of Children; Prince of 
Light aitd Prince of Darkness, or the Temp- 
tation of Jesus, and various practical books. 
Perhaps in literature his nameecame most 
prominently forward as author of Lord Bacon 
not the author of the Christian Paradoxes 
(1863) — a discovery accepted at once by Sped- 
ding and Von Ranhe, and universallj, and bo 
removing a shadow that had long lain on an 
illustrious name. This has since been fol- 
lowed up by a number of notieeablo kindred 
discoveries, e.g. that Phineas Fletcher, not 
Edmund Spencer, was the author of Brit- 
tain's Ida (the name and family history of 
Spenser's wife, "Elizabeth*'); the identifica- 
tion of the Phoenix as Q. Elizabeth and of the 
Turtle Dove as the Earl of Essex in Sir Bobert 
Chester's Love's Martyr or Sosalins Complaint 
(1601)— the only known book to which Shake* 
speare contributed voreos {New Shalapeare So- 
ciety, 1878); and unpublished hss. of George 
Herbert, RiohtU'd Crushaw, &c. From Kinross 
he was translated to Prince's Park United 
Presbyterian Church, Liverpool ; and in 1868 
to Blackburn, Lancashire, where he is at 
present the minister of Bt. George's (Presby- 
terian Church of England). 

Throughout his professional lifetime,™, Giosirt has 
been a voluminous author, biographer, editor, . and 
traveller. The Fulier WorOliet' Hbrary, 3» wis. ; 
Cherttcv Worthies* Library, 14 vols. ; Gocati&aat Ittuet 
of Umque ond Very Bare Boekt, 39 vols, ; The iftrffc 
Library, 39 vols, ; editions of the TFbrfei of Spcntcr, 
10 vols, i Sanatel Daniel, 6 vols, ; George Danxel, 4 vols. 1 ; 
lYnmfey XSS., 1 vols. ; Sir John Mini USS., 8 vols.'; 
Litmore /Vtper-, 10 vols. ; Prate- TTorJt* of Wordsworth, 
3 vols.; The iSpring Lecture, Bepretentative Jfonton- 
fomitti (1879) — are only some of the fruits of hie 
critical, sruwtetory, and biographical labours on our 
Elizabethan and other early literature. Aa so editor 
his books have been abundantly nelpral In our depart-, 
ment, and not a lew of his authors belong to it, e.g, 
Spsneer, Sidney, More, Beaumontd, Bruce, fee. He was 
the first to print many poems of George Berbert, Richard 
Craihaw, end others, end to translate their Lathi ond 
Greet poema. Much of our richest, finest, and rarest 
early Mgllsh literature is only obtainable in Dr. Gro- 
ssr?a editions. These were nearly all prlvelely printed, 
and limited. They are to be ibund to all nur own great 
libraries, and In those of Enropnand America, Ho his 
also contributed largely to the various literary and 
theological periodicals, Uttcyctopaedia Britannica, JVo- 
tional Biography, &c. In ISO*, he prluted for private 
tircuUtlon a small vol. of 16 hymns, two of whlcb have 
been Introduced Into Dr. Charles Roger*'* Beup of ike 
Christian Burnt. C1870), vis., "The Living Way, 1 ' and 
" Holiness." He bos also printed a oumLer of Hew- 
year and Watch-night Hymns, which have haii u linte 
drcuiation in Watchword CarUs and icafio'e; also two 
teatlets that have hod a still wider drculatlon, "Ulio 
Teai^dlinmed lamp" and "God bless our Church and 
School," In future Bour and Sunday at Borne, &c, 
a number of his hymns have also appeared. He has 
announced bis intention of sooner or iatsr collecting a 
Century or more of ht£ gradually accumulated Hymns, 

[J. J.] 



472 GROSER, HORACE O. 

Groser, Horace George, s. of Wm. H. 
Groser (a. v.% was b. in North London, Dec 
22nd, 1863. Be ib a member of the Congre- 
gational Denomination, and is wholly em- 
ployed in literary work as editor and author. 
In 1886 he pub. a religious story entitled 
Bertha Pemberihy, but the greater part of his 
writings have been short poems contributed 
to the Sunday Magazine, The Girlf Own 
Paper, and ether periodicals. He is the 
author of several hymns, a good specimen of 
which is in the Voice of Praise, 1886, " When 
my spirit pants for rest" (Lord, remember me). 

[W. R. S J 

Groser, William, s. of a Baptist Minister, 
was b. in London in 1791. In 1813 he became 
pastor of a small Baptist church at Princes 
RiBborough, Bucks; in 1820 he removed to 
Maidstone, and in 1839 to London, where he 
resided until bis death, in 1866. For some 
years subsequently to 1839, he was editor of 
The Baptist Magazine, and for the last five 
years or his life Secretary of the Baptist Irish 
Society. Mr. Groser also did good servioe to 
hymnody as an editor of hymn-books. The 
Baptist Jfao Selection, prepared by Dr. Murch 
and others [see Baptlat Hymuody], was edited by 
him in 1828. At the request of the Baptist 
Missionary Society he also prepared and edited 
in 1852, A gel. of Sys. adapted to Pub. Wor* 
ship, and designed chiefly for the use of Baptist 
Churches in Jamaica. London, Haddon & Co. 
This selection was reprinted in 1860 with the 
addition of 57 hymns ; but is no longer in use, 
having been superseded by the Bap. Pt. & Hy»., 
1858. As a hymn-writer Mr. Groser is known 
by one hymn only : — 

Pralaa the Bedoemer, alinifhty to ttm. Dcafk 
Conquered. It via composed during bis residence at 
Maidstone, to the metre and tune of "Sound the 
toud timbrel," and appealed in tbe enlarged Set. of 
Hymn* for the ue of Bapt. amgrtgatimw, London, 
184(1 1 again In Spnrgeon'a O. O. B. Bk., 1868, and in 
the less Suppl. to Bapt. Pt. as i(y«. [W. B. S.] 

Groser, William Howae, b.sc., s. of 
Mr. W. Groser (for many years Secretary of 
the London Sunday School Union, and a rela- 
tive of the Rev. W. Groser, noticed above), 
was b. in 1831, and educated at University 
College, London, and graduated b,sc at the 
London University, in 18G2. Although en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits Mr. Groser devotes 
considerable time to natural science, and Chris- 
tian work, especially in connection with Sun- 
day schools. He was for twelve years editor 
of the Bible Close and Youth's Magazine ; and 
subsequently of the Sunday School Teacher, 
and of the Jtixcel&ior. His publications, mainly 
of a Biblical and educational character, are 
numerous. In 1875, he edited ; — 

Songi by fat Way. A flymnal for fixing Cfcrttf iotu 
and Snquirtrt, Lond. 6. 6. tT. 

He bJso contributed hymns to tbe 8. EL 

Union hymn-books : — 

(I) Sunday aciotart' Bymn Book, b.d. (18*1) ; (2) 
Sonat of Glaaneui A JfyOmrbaok for iKt Young, 18T1, 
containing aoohrmns. It was subsequently enlarged to 
sea ; and (3) ™* Sunday School Tthekerr Bj/vM-booh 
(18tl). 

His hymns published in these books include : 
1. Songt by tt* IFoy, 18VG. 

I, Tbe Lord Is our Shepherd. Ha Good Shtphtnl. 

II, In Sunday SehoUtn' H. B*., issi. 

8. Bleat Saviour, who In dart of old. S. S. Annivtr- 



GRlfSBECK, XiSTBEB 

3, Greet Lord of earth and time. 5. S. jtnnfMrtary. 
*. Bwlfl as an eagle'e Bight. FligU of timt. 
t. Sonny daya of childhood, forty Piety. 

ill. In Smgt of Otadnta, isTI. 

*. Borne upon time's nolaetaa wing. Jfew liar. 

1. How bright the morning broke. Tear o/ Jubffae. 

8. nappy they who know the Lord, forty Pitty. 

9. O'er tbe waters, dark and drear. Divine Ouidanee 
Detirtd. 

These hymns were all composed between 
1860 and 1875. All are in C. tf In G. Britain, 
and many also in America. Those in the & 
S. Teachers' H. Bk. are the least known. 

[W. B. 8.] 

Grose, Johanm. [sutiiiu, «.] 

Grttenwald, Georg, was an Anabaptist 
shoemaker, who suffered martyrdom for his 
principles, beingin 1530 burnt at the stake at 
J£opfFstain, or Kufstein, en the Inn below 
Innsbruck. To him is ascribed, in a Ma Ana- 
baptist Chronicle now in the Town Library at 
Hamburg, the hymn ; — 

Xomrnt bar so. mir, aagt Settea Beka. [OkriiCi 
JoJte.] Founded on St. Matt. xl. K-36. Appeared aa 
"AunchSnaneweaCbrietlfchalred," In. lam Wa&tr- 
nagel. Hi, pp. 118-133, gives thla In IS at. and three 
later forms. Tbe form In V. Babet's a. J>., Lelrnlg, 
154*, la that In C. U„ as to the Unv. h. 8., 1861, No. 
411. It has been generally ascribed to HanaWltffltadt 
of Werthelm, but Wackernagel In a long note decides In 
favour of Grttenwald. 

The trt. are (1) " Cum hetr, aayls Ooddla Sone to me," 
in the Glide and Sodly Bailout, ed. IMS, fbno IS (IMS, 
p. is), (a) "Come httber I aalth out tdeesed Lord," by 
/. C. Jaeioi, 1>2S, p. 3S (1131, p. Ill), repeated aa Ho. 
lSlinpt. i. of the JaSmwrionff. fit., Us*, (a) "Come 
hither, aaya the Son of God," by Dr. H. JfEWt, 1SSS, p. 
*T. U) " Gome hither, aaya out blesaed Lord, ' by Dr. 
O. Walker, IBM, p. 60. [J, M.] 

Grvinbeck, Esther, nee Magdalene 
Augusta Naveroftky, was b. at Goths, 
Oct 21, 1717, of a Polish-Jewish family who 
had become Christiana. In 1734 she married 
Michael Grunbeok, a sculptor in Gotha, and 
in 1 738 with him became a Moravian; entering 
the Widows' Choir after his death in 1742; 
Marrying in 1746 David Kirchhof, a baptized 
Jew, she engaged with him for some tune in 
mission work among the Jews in Prussia and 
Poland. After his death she became leader 
of the Widows' Choir at Zeist, near TJtrecht, 
and d. there Oct 18, 17961 

In the Hiatorische Nachrtcht to the Bruder 
G. B. t 1778 fed. 1851, p. 205), 8 hymns and 
part of a ninth in that collection are ascribed 
to her. Those in English use outside the 
Moravian hymn-books are i — 

L Den Wnffen Lamms, Self- Dedication. 
Founded on Rom. vi., 13. let pub. 1739, aa No. 
1 365 in the Supplement to the 8th Appendix to 
the Herrnhut G. £., 1735 ; in 10 at of 6 I., re- 
peated as No. 753 in the Berlin Q. L. 8., ed. 
1863. The only (r in C. U. is:— 

Ts the Lamb stain'd with Bleed, tr. in full by 
C. Kinchen ss Xo. 155 in the Horavvn H. Bh^ 
1742, Four forms are in nee : — 

1. " Unto the Lamb of Ood," fn tbe iforcmoB B. Bit., 
nea, No. MS f ISSS, Xo. 33B)i altered, and omitting st. 
Hit., U. 

3. " To Cbriat the Lamb of God," rt. I., tv., vu. 
altered In J. A. Latrobe'a CMJ, 1841, No. 313. 

3, "Lord! bring me to resign," a cento team Bt, til., 
vlll., as No. 437 In Dr. Marttneau's JBymu. imo hsta, 
No. 388), and as Ko. CSS in tbe American Bapt. 
Piattnfti, 1S43. 

4. ■■ To Thee I wholly give." A cento beginning vlth 
it. II. In Lady Huntingdon's 30., ITS*. It was 
quentty changed to "To Thee, *ty Lord, I give," 



GBYPHIUS. ANDREAS 

iL fluid* 1st <ia aehSou Wort. Ibrgioenen of 
Bau. lit pub. 1739 as Ho. 1293 in the 8th 
Appendix to the Herrnhnt Q. B^ 1735, in 8 et. 
of81. The only *r. is "Grace! Grace 10 that'a 
a charming boom," in full, by C. Kinchen, at 
No. 32, in the Moravian M. Bk., 1742, altered 
and abridged in later ed. (1886, No. 319). A 
cento in 8 at. of C.H. from it. iL, iii., v.-viii., and 
beginning " Grace, how exceeding aweet to 
those," tti included in the 1780 ed. of Lady 
Huntingdon's iSW., No. 85 ; and reduced to 5 at. 
in Campbell's Comprtkmuios H. Bk., 1637, and 
to 3 it, in C. H. Batsman's Cong, Psalmitt, 1846. 

[J. M.] 
OryphitiB, Andreas, was b. Oct. 2, 1616, 
at Grosi-Glogatt, in Silesia. He was edu- 
cated at the School nt Fraustadt, Silesia, 
1681-34, and the Gymnasium at Danzig, 
1634-36. After being for some time family 
tutor in the house of Baron Georg von Scbon- 
born, near Frauatadt (who crowned him as a 
poet la 1637), he was forced by the Ootmter 
Reformation in Silesia to find refuge in Hol- 
land. He matriculated as a student at Ley- 
den in 1638, and was afterwards till 1643 
University Lecturer. Thereafter he accom- 
panied the son of a rich Stettin burgess and 
two Pomeranian noblemen in a tour through 
France, Italy, Holland, and South Germany, 
and then, in the end of 1647, settled in Frau- 
stadt, In 1650 he was appointed syndicus of 
the principality of Glogau, and while attend- 
ing one of the meetings of the diet at Glogau 
, was struck by paralysis and u. in the assembly 
home, July IS, 1664. 

Gryphliu ranka u one of the principal potts of Silesia. 
The troubkaa ereota of hla life, however, coat a gloom 
over moat that be wrote, and his hymn* eapedany are 
aombre in character* He waa the (bit writer of German 
tragedies (£*> tlu irtMSuIti The Munttred Majaty; 
or, Ctarfa Stuart of Great Britain, fcc.) and on* of 
the earliest write™ of German ooujedy (Btrr Ptter 
Sfutnt ; BerribiiKnbTifax ; Die getUate JJanrote. an 
excellent little comedy 6 Suction <Kc4«(,*c.). 

Gryphins had begun writing sonnets about 
1637, end his Son- and Ferriage Sonnets were 
pub. at Leyden, 1639 [Berlin]; followed by 
Mb Sonnet*, Ente Bveh, 1643 ( Berlin], The 
first (pirated) ed. of his collected poems ap- 
peared as hie Teutsche Seimgedtehte, Frank- 
furt am Hain, 1650 [Berlin J and the first 
authorised ed. as his Teutteher Gedichte, Enter 
TkeO, Breslau, 1637 [Berlin]. Those tr. into 
English are ;— 



L Ale der batriibt* Tor m 
Mtnt iff CKHtt. No. IS In Bk. iv. of Me O&et (ISM, 
p. 4*1, in IS et. if, aa, » When that bo troublous 
day waa now concluded," aa No. 1ST In pt. 1. of the 
Moravian a. Bk., ltH. 

il> Hie Zudlehkeit der Erden. Jbr tike Z^rftv- Hij 
beat hymn. Mo. 9 In Bk. 1. of hla Odes (i«o, p. 99 ; not 
InietSltn 16 at., entitled ~ ... 
tan." The in. are: (1) 
rolendour," by Dr. H. MU. 
this earth deoey" by MUt 

m. In ■ - 



Vanitae I vanitatom van!- 

Earth's boaated joya and 

ililit, is«s. m "All glories of 

Kilt •mv&wcrtk.l--- 



, 1863, p. m. 
Cod it near. Mo. W 
In Bk. It. of hUSmnttt (ISM, p. 116; not In 1643), 
entitled "AndreaeGrynblue on hla Sunday and Femlval 
Sottnette." Tr. aa, "Tn Ilfti'e fair Spring," by JK« 
WitJocorti, 1663, p. U9. 

It. ft war wir Jahit sKhtat, Jftm JWr. No. S 
in Bk. tit. of hie Oder (1U., p. IS), In S at, Br. aa, 
" So many yean of living," by If, L. Frotlnagliaa, 
1ST6, p. lSi (from the recast "Wieviel wlr"),iu the 
Berlin O. S,, 1839, Mo. S3S. 

Another hymn has been frequently ascribed 
to Andreas Gryphius, bnt we have failed to 
find it either in his works or in the works of 
Christinn Grypbiua. It is ; — 



GUNTHEB, 0YB1ACUS 478 

*. Ea iat vellbreoht! Oottleb at ietvulleraokt. »r 
O* Dying. In the YoUtt&ndipti ffavtt- wad JTincam 
a, B., «h td., Brealao, IMS, Mo.3M,ln» at. Tbetra, 
an: (1> « It la flntohed I finished! yea," by Min Zhimi, 
ISSt, p. 119. (S) "It la complete. My God, I thank 
Toy can," by 0. Moultrie, in bis Siptmwlt ef Saint 
ftorotteo, 1ST0, p. «. [J. JflJ 

Quest, Besjainin, b. in 1788, was for 
some time the proprietor of a private school at 
Brighton, and subsequently vicar of a parish 
in Butlandshire, sua then rector of FLlton, 
Northants. He d. at Blackheath, Jan. 30, 
1869. His hymn an 2Mg .Baptism, "Heavenly 
Father, may Thy love," was contributed to 
H. V. Elliott's Pt. & Byi., 1835, No. 324, 
in 4 si of 4 1. It is also given in several col- 
lections of a later date, as the N. Cong., 1859, 
Ac (Miller's Staffers and Songe of the Church, 
1869, p. 531). [J. J.] 

Guide Thou, O God, the guardian 
hands. G.Phittimore. [Ember Daw"] Writ, 
ten for and 1st pub. in The Parish Hymn Book, 
1863 (No. 185), and appointed for "Ember 
Days." It consists of 6 st of 4 1. In The 
Bymnary, 1872, *t. v. and vL are slightly 
changed; whilst in the B. P. C K. Church 
Hymn*, the metre has been altered from 8.6.8.4. 
to cm. both with the consent of the author. 
It is also in other collections. [J, J.] 

Gnlet, Charles, a Jesuit, born at Tours 
in 1601. Taught classical literature and 
moral theology. He waa also a preacher and 
experienced in the ceremonial of the Church, 
He wrote a work on the order of reciting the 
divine offices and d. at Tours, March 30, 1664. 
Jileher Getehrten-Lexikon. Miller places his 
death about 1684. Some of his hymns were 
given in the Pari* Breviary, 1796. [G. A, C.j 

Ouion, Jeanne B. de la Uothe [Onyon, 
7. b. a* x.] 

Onnn, Henry Kayo, was b. March 25, 
1617, at Chard, Somerset, and educated at 
Mill Hill School, and at University College. 
He held several pastorates, beginning with 
Basingstoke in 1841, and closing with Seven- 
oaks in 1881. He d. May 21, 1886. He pub. 
various works, chiefly descriptive of the Non- 
conformist Churches and their principles. 
Besides translating some of the earlier Greek 
and Latin hymns for the EmceUior, edited by 
the late Dr. James Hamilton, he wrote many 
hymns, including : — 

1. nifha, btsher to the Cmu. ntCna<fCkritt. 
Appeared, In e et. of 4 1., In the I860 Supplement 10 
the colleeflon need In the Redlend Onngrefatlonal Church, 
Bristol. It la alto leaned In aheeL form. 

S, Oitr fethere were hlfh-ninaed men. Fidelity to 
Principle, TUa waa attggeeted by ine dlamptton of 
the Cbnrch of Scotland hi 1S4S. It waa puo* in tbe 
Alton Sunday School CtilUeiion, 1S44, in s et. of S L 
It ti in acreral hymn-booka, inclndlng the Congreg^ 
tlonal 0nian Bk. of Praite for CMSdrat, ism. 

3. To realma beyond tite aonsdiiif aea. Fntyer on 
te&alfef Cotomiti. Appeared In the «ea Cong., 1S», 
Ko. 903, in* at. of* L 

4. We want » priest bnt laana. i"r**«ttond of 
C*riit, Printed for the annual meeting of the Wtlta 
CongT^atlonal Union, 16«. It la largely (JreuUted 
aa a broedBheet, and hae been tr. Into Hatlan for the 
uae of tbe Evangelical Church of Italy. [W. Q. H.] 

CHinther, CyriaonB, was b. Jan. 13, 
1649, at Goldbftoh, near Gotha. After study- 
ing at the Gymnasium of Gotha, and the 
"University of Jena, he became First-form 
master at Eisfeld, Saohse-Meiningen ; and 
then Third-form master in the Gymnasium at 



474 GUBNEY, ABCHEB T. 

Gotha. He d. at Gotha in the beginning of 
Oct 1701 (JT«A, iv. 263-9 ; Bode, p. 81). His 
son, who was clerk of St George's Church at 
Glancha, possessed a ms. collection of some 30 
hymns by hia father ; and from this he allowed 
Froylinghauseii to select 10 far his Neues getst- 
reickes G. B., 1714. Those are above the 
average in merit, and Scriptural aud good in 
style. Two have passed into English : — 

i. Bringt ha lam Barren lab nod Ehr. Praise 
and Thanksgiving. 1714, No. 556, in 7 st. of 
7 ]., repeated as No. 993 ia the Berlin 67. L. &, 
ed. 1863. The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

"With joyful heart vent praieea bring, a good tr. 
of st. L, iv.-vi., by A, T. Kussel!, as Mo. 203 ia 
his Ps. $ Hys., 1851. 

ii. Hilt im Gediehtuiis Jesum Ohrist- Zone to 
Christ. Founded on 2 Tim. iii. 8. 1714, No. 
765, in 6 st. of 7 1., repented as No. 297 in the 
Berlin G. L. S. t ed, 1863. On thankful remem- 
brance of Christ's Incarnation (i.) ; Death (ii.) ; 
Resurrection (iii.); Ascension (iv.); Promised 
Second Advent (v.); ending with a prayer for 
faith (vi.). The ouly tr. in C. V. is : — 

keep before thy thankful eyes. A good and 
full tr. by A, T. Russell, as Ho. 182 in his Ps. # 
Hys., 1851. 

Other trs, are : (l) "Bemember Jesus, God's dear 
Sim," by Dr. It. XllU, 1845 (lHSfl, p. 125). (2) 
'* Bear Jesus Chrfat the Lord in mind," by Miss Cox, in 
Lyra Eucharistica, 1*03, p. MB (1604, p. S»9), and In 
"ner H. from German, IBM, p. 111. [J, M.] 

Gruniey, Archer Thompson, was b. in 
1820, and educated for the legal profession. He 
was called to the Bar at the Middle Temple, 
hut in 1849 be entered Holy Orders. He heid 
several appointments, including the Curacy 
of Buckingham, 1854-58; the Chaplaincy of 
the Court Clrarch, Paris, 1858-71, and other 
charges. He d. nt Bath, March 21, 18S7. 
His pnb. works include : — 

Spring, 1863; Song* of the Present, 1651; The Ode of 
Peace, 1S56 j Songsof Early Summer, IS$S; and ABook 
of Praise, 1802. 

To the Book of Praise ho contributed 147 
hymns, Yeiy few of these aro known beyond 
his own collection. He is widely known 
through his Easter hymn, " Christ is risen, 
Christ is risen." His " Memory of the blest 
departed" (££. Philip and James) is in the 
People's II., 1867. [J. J.] 

Gurney, John Hampden, m.a., eldest 
s. of Sir John Gumey, a Baron of the Ex- 
chequer, was b. in Serjeants' Inn, London, Aug. 
15, 1802, and educated at Trinity College, 
Cambridge, where he graduated in 1824. On 
taking Holy Orders he became Curate of Lut- 
terworth (1827-1844), and subseqnently Hector 
of St. Mary's, Marylobone, and Prebendary of 
St. Paul's Cathedral. He d. in London, March 
8, 1862. The S. P. C. K. and other religions 
societies had his cordial sympathy, and re- 
ceived his active support. His publications 
include several small volumes in prose, and 
the following: — 

ft) OuarcK Psalmody ; Hints for the improvement if 
a Coltcetian of Hymns publi shed by the Society for Pro- 
moting Ckrittian Knowledge, issa ; (2) A CWfech'ore of 
Hywi* for Public Worship. Lutterworth, 183S. lids 
contains 300 hymns, and is known as his Lutterworth 
Mixtion; (3) Psalms and Hymns for PaUic Wor- 
ship, selected for some of the Churches of Xarylebone. 
.London, IBM. This collection of 300 hymna and wilm 
versions Is known as bis Jtdryttbone Collection. Tbe 



GUTHRIE, JOHN 

Preface fa signed by "Charles' Bating," "Thomas 
Garnier," and "John Hampden Gurney, but the work 
was practically done by Gnmey, 

To the LntUrworth Collection, 1838, ho con- 
tributed : — 

1. Earth to earth, and dust to dust. Burial. 

2. GreatKlngofnitUmSjbesrourprayer, fnstDay. 

3. Lord, as to Thy dear Cross we flee. * Lent. 

4. Lord, at Thy word the constant sun. Harvest. 
I, Saviour, what wealth was Thine. Pasiiantide. 

0. Soon to the dust we speed. Heave* anticipated. 

1. Tl»u God of mercy aud of might. Good friday, 
I. Thou plenteous source of light and love. Adeait, 
9. Thon Whoofolddidstratee. Ascension. 

Is. Through centuries of sin and woe. lor Peace. 
11. We praise Thee, everlasting God. It Dettm. 

These hymns were all signed "J. H G.," 
and Nos. 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9 and 11, were repeated 
in the Utarylebone OoTL, 1851 ; and to these 
were added : — 

13. Fair wared the golden corn. Child's Hywm. 
13. How vast the debt we owe. Offertory. 
14 Lord of the Harvest, Tbeo we hall. Honest. This 
is No. 4 above rewritten. 
IB. Lord, we lift our eyes above. Love of Christ. 

In addition to these we are specially in- 
debted to Gnmey for, "We saw Thee not 
when Thon didst come" (q.v.), and "Yes, 
God is good," &e. (q.v.). Several of tho 
above-named hymns are in extensive use in 
G. Britain and America, The most popular 
arc annotated under their respective first lines. 

[J. J.] 

Outer Hirte, willst du nicht J. 
Seheffler. [The Good Sheptterd.! Appeared as 
No. 70 in Bk. iii. of his Heilige Seelenlust, 
Breslau, 1657, p. 218 (Werke, 186.2, i. p. 128), 
in 5 st of 6 1., entitled, " She [tho Soul] lie- 
Beoehes Him, that He, as a Good Shepherd, 
would bring her, His lamb, to His fold." In- 
cluded in Preylinghanson'B G. B., 1705, No. 
702, and recently in the Berlin O. L. 8., cd. 
1863. It is a hymn full of tenderness aud 
pathos, and has toon well translated as ; — 

1. Wilt Thou net, nay Bhepberd time, a full and 
very good tr, in Miss Cos's Sacred U. from Ger- 
man, 1841, p. 101. Theuce with st. iii,, 11, 3,4, 
altered in the 1B57 edition of Mercer's C. P. <£ 
//. Bk„ in Kennedy, 1863, ire. Slightly altered 
by Miss Coi for Lyra Eveharistica, 18G3, p. 191, 
and her H. from German, 1864, p. 169; aud 
tbence unaltered in the People's Hyi., 1867. 

0, Levinf Shepherd, kind and true, a full and 
good tr. in the 1st Ser., 1 355, of Miss Wink- 
worth's Lyra Ger., p. 98, repeated, slightly 
altered, in tho JTyl. for St. John's, Aberdeen, 
1865-70. Considerably altered foT metrical 
reasons in her C. B. for England, 1863, No. 152. 

3. 71)110 en earth, dear Lord, J roam, a good 
but free tr. in Miss Dunn's H. from German, 
1857, p. 109, aud thence, omitting st. iii., iv., 
as No. 244, in Dr. Fngenstecher's Coll., 1864. 

4. Levins Shepherd t Guardian true, included in 
Holy Song, 1869, is a tr. of st. i,, iii.— v., in 4 st 
of 4 1., with the refrain, "Tender Shepherd I 
Thine I am, Keep till death Thy little lamb." 

Another tr, is, " Faithful Shepherd i now behold," 
by Lady JSleanor Fbrtescae, 1343 (164T, p. 131. 

[J. M.] 
Guthrie, John, d.d., s. of John Guthrie, 
Milnathort, Kinross-sliire,waB b. at Milnathort, 
May 30, 1814, and after studying at the Uni- 
versity of Edinburgh, where be graduated 
ir.A. in 1835, was in 1810 ordained minister of 
tho United Secession Church iu Kendal 



GUYET, OHABLES, 

Sympathising with the views of Dr. James 
Morison, he was, in 1813, deposed, and joined 
with Dr. Marison in forming the Evangelical 
Union. He continued in Kendal till 1848, 
becoming then minister of Dundas Bt E, U. 
Church, Glasgow. In 1891 he went to 
Greenock; thence, in 1862, to Tolmer's 
Square, London, returning in 186(1 to Glasgow 
as minister of Howard Bt E. U. Church. He 
d. in London, September 18, 1878, while on his 
way to New Zealand. From 1846 to 1861 be 
was Professor to the Evangelical Union, and 
was re-elected in 1875. He received the degree 
of jj.d. from Cobnrg University, U.S.A., in 1875. 
He was Convener of the Committee which 
compiled the E. U. HfntnJmok of 1856, and a 
member of that which compiled the E, V. 
Hymnal of 1878 (to which he contributed i 
bjiunsV His hymnB appeared in The Bayttar, 
The Evangelical Magazine, dto. In 1869 he 
pub. Sacred Lyric* ; Hymn*, original and 
translated from ilie German, with veniow of 
Psalms, Lon., J. Nisbot & Co., 1869. This 
work consists of 28 hymns, 17 trt., and 37 
Psalm versions. Some of the hymns have 
much beautyand sweetness. The in. from the 
German ore accompanied by interesting notes, 
and, white not ranking with the best by 
Mils Winkwortli, are yet very good. The 
Psalm versions are of average merit. His 
hymns in C. U. ore : — 

1. Blood of sprinldinf, hailing tide, [Blood of 
Sprinkling.] Appeared ia The Evangelical Union H. 
Bk., 1866, in 3 st. of 8 I., and again, unaltered, In The 
Ecangelieal Union tfymoal, IBIS. Composed in ISM. 

8, HowlovelyaMthyteata, IPuMie Wortkip.] 1st 
pub. IniTjpi. & Spiritual SongifCoUixUdDi/ Jamet Mori- 
ton, Kilmarnock, Ft. It., 1844, In 1 a. of « 1. It was 
repeated, unaltered, hi The Evangelical Union It. Bk., 
1SGS ; nod The geangtlical Union Hgmnat, WIS. 

t. 'JHsevenlng; over S»l«m'i toweri, to. {Chritt 
vttpfag over Jerusalem. - ] Appeared In Tit Evan- 
gelical Union S. Bk., 1858, in 4 it. of 8 double lines, 
and again, unaltered. In The Evangelical Union Eyl., 
18V8, No. Si, where ft la dated 1S4S. 

4, Ye nuuonud of Jesus, [praiit to Jetut.] 1st 
pnb. InlTyr. it Spiritual Songt, ho. (eeeKo. 3), Ft. 11., 
18*4, in $ et. of 6 ],; and again, unaltered, in The 
Evangelical Union H, Bk,, ISM ; and Tke Evangelical 
Union Eyl., lets, No. 98. [J. M.] 

G-uyet, Charles. [Ouiet, 0.] 

Chiyon, Madame. (1618-1717.) Jeanne 

Marie Bouvieres de la Mothe was the leader 
of the Quietist movement in France. The 
foundation of her Quietism was laid in her 
study of St Francis de Sales, Madame de 
Cbttnt&l, and Thomas a Kempia, in the con- 
ventual establishments of her native place, 
Montorgis (Dep. Loiret), whore she was edu- 
cated as a child. There also She first learned 
the sentiment of espousal with Christ, to 
which later years gave a very marked de- 
velopment, She was married at sixteen to 
M. Guyou, a wealthy man of weak health, 
twenty-two years her senior, and her life, 
until iits death, in 1676, was, partly from 
disparity of years, partly from the tyranny 
of her mother-in-law, partly from her own 
quick temper, an unhappy one. Her pub- 
lic career as an evangelist of Quieiiem began 
soon after her widowhood. Her first labours 
were spent in the diocese of Geneva, at An- 
necy, Gex, and Thonon, and in Grenoble. 
In 1686 she came to Paris, where she was at 
first imprisoned for her opinions in the Con- 
vent of St. Marie in the Faubourg St. Antoino, 



GUVON, MADAME 



475 



but released after eight months at the Instance 
of Madame de Maintenon. She then rose to 
the zenith of her fame. Her life at all times 
greatly fascinated those around heT ; and the 
court, Madame de Maintenon, Fe'nelon (who 
ardently sympathised with her doctrine of 
pure and disinterested love of God), and 
Madame de Maintenon's College of Ladies at 
Cyr, came under tlie spell of her enthusiasm. 
But the affinity of her doctrines with those 
of Molinos, who was condemned in 1685, soon 
told against her. Her opinions were con- 
demned by a commission, of which Bossuet 
was president. She then incurred Bossuet's 
displeasure by breaking the promises she had 
made to him to maintain a quiet attitude, and 
not return to Paris, She was imprisoned at 
Vinoennes, Dec 1695, and in the following 
year removed to Vangirard, under a promise . 
to avoid all receptions and correspondence, 
except by special permission. In 1698 she 
was immured in the Bastille, and not released 
until 1702. The Quietist controversy had 
meanwhile ruined the saintly Pension in the 
favour or Louis XIV., and obtained the con- 
demnation by the Pope (1699) of his book 
(Maxime* de$ SainU) written in defence of 
the doctrine of disinterested love. The re- 
mainder of Madame Guyon's life was spent 
in retirement with her daughter, the Marquise 
de "Vftux, at Blois. She was visited there by 
numbers of persons of nil ranks, some of them 
from foreign countries; and she had a con- 
siderable correspondence. She heard Mass 
daily, and died in full communion with the 
Roman Church. Madame Gnyon's works fill 
40 volumes. The principal ones are : — 

(1) Let Ibrrent* (lsS3),o description of God's deal- 
ings with souls, founded on her own spiritual history. 
(2) Le CavHqrn det Cantiguet interpret ttlon Is 
tent mystique. le Moyen Court dtfair$ oraiton (1684). 
Her (3) Autobiography. (4) Foitict et Cantiquet 
Sptritticls (pub. 1722). The Oantiquet Spirtiuelt com- 
prise nearly 800 pieces. The dates of composition are 
mainly to ho gathered from internal evidence; some 
appear to have been written In the country ; many were 
certainly written In her imprisonments At the Convent 
of St. Maris md Vinoennes ; many also apparently la her 
last sickness »t BSole. They were compowd to ballad 
tunes, and with an efforttesB facility, five or six hymns 
being often written in a day, while confined to her bed. 
She believed them to originato from the Divine impulse, 
more than from herself. The Cantiquet are at once 
illustrated and interpreted by her Autobiography (which 
Is one of the most remarkable books in the delineation 
of epirltnal enthusiasm) and by her commentary on tie 
Song of Solomon, which applies its passionate love to 
the umbm of Christ with the soul. The leading ideas 
are, (1) the absorption of the son], utterly emptied of 
Belr, into the Infinite Being of Godj which is expressed 
at other times as the entire occupation ef the eon], 
reduced to nothingness (" le neaut, le Tien "), and de- 
prived of all Independent will, by the Personality of 
God. The perfect Mate of the eonl le one of complete 
passivcaesa ; Its energy is the energy of God directing 
and wielding the human rowers; prayer becomes not 
the expression of desire, but rapt contemplation, word- 
less intercourse, and reception of the Divine Voice to 
the soul. (3) Pure aud disinterested love of God, as 
Himself the Perfect Love, uninfluenced by any con- 
sideration of His favour and blessing either here or in 
eternity. If it be His will to cast the »nl Into hell 
itself, even this ia to he accepted without fear or depre- 
cation, if the Love of God remains as the Joy of Ills 
creature. (3) Tbe Love of God is consistent with ter- 
rible, often unintelligible or apparently capricious in- 
fliction of suffering and desertion on the soul ile loves. 

A selection of ST pieces from these poems was tr. by 
the poet Oowper, in 1!62 (pub. by his friend William 
Bull, in 1801). Bull had Introduced the poems to him, 
and requested him to translate eome of them. Whether 
Bull or Copper selected the piecee for translation Is un- 
certain. Their leading theme is that of Love unshaken, 



476 



GUYON, MADAME 



submissive, not asking for release, though undtf the 
tiuwmitv of desertion and" suffering Inflicted by God's 
Hand, which 1ft heavy with anger and radii threatening 
destruction. Mixed wlih these awful seasons there are 
other*, Id which the manifestation of the Divine Lavs 
floods the soul with transport. The points of affinity 
with Cowpert thought are obvious j and Bull may have 
hoped that the spectacle of her unmoved belief In the 
hidden lore of God mtgbt help to drive away the terrible 
delusion of his reprobation. The nervous atyle is very 
different from the flabby lines of the French: and 
Cowper designedly modified the amative metaphore, 
which, especially wlien they represent the dealing^ of 
Christ with h*r aft Hie spGnsa, in Language finggetted by 
the caprice of Cupid or that of conjugal Infidelity, ore 
very painful and unconsciously irreverent- (Ste his 
letters to W. Unwin, 17B2-3.) The most characteristic 
liUct are those beginning, ** J Twas my pornoee on a 
day/ 1 *' I suffer fruitless unguieh," *' Long plunged in 
sorrow/' and " Source of Love, my brighter Sun," 

The to. from Madame Guycu'a hymn* 
which are in 0. U. are mainly in American 
hymu-hooks. They include : — 

1, Ah! legnu nr tout* la tern, THuvtyK 0/ 
heavenly love desired. From her Contiqtu tie* Gtn- 
liqueii vol. fl, No. 13ft* Tr, by v7. Cowper in his 
pustbumtraa Poemt Tr&ntkUed from the French of 
Modamt de la .MWfce Onion, fee.. lsftl t p. 14, in 3 st. of 
4 L, as, "Ah! reign, wherever mania found." It lain 
SpUrgfon*ii 0. 0, if* Jflfc., 1866. 

3, Amour que man ime est content*. The ioul that 
loves God find* Him eeerytshere. From vol. it,, Cm- 
tlque 108. ay. by W. Cowper, 1801, p. 33, In u st, of 
4 L, as "0 'rbou, hy long experience tried, 1 ' This has 
been abbreviated and altered to *' My Lord, how full of 
sweet content," In Hatfield'* Church B. Bk u N. Y, p 
18fa* ami others, and as *' Lord* bow full of sweet 
content," in tbe AnAovnr Sabbath B, Bk. t 1868$ the Stmpt 
for the Sanctuary 1865, &c. It is also In use .n Its 
original form. Cowpsr** tr. is more nervous than the 
original, but not always dose thereto* 

3, filsin objet. auquel nul objet n'eat p*r*iL Tie 
JTatfnfltf. Frvm ber worts, vol, lv,. .Pottae? ifeYoFrjiw*, 
1. IV* CowpcrV (r. of the poem (iso I, p. l) begins 
" 'Tl* folly all— let me no more he told." The cento in 
C. U. begins on p. 4 with ** Infinite God, Thou great 
umivaU'd One/' and is composed of 14 1., not con- 
secutive in all cases, and with extraneous additions. 

i, Esprit Saint, viena dedans nos oosurs- Charity* 
From vol. 11., Cmt. flfl, beginning with st. Hi. 3Y. by 
VV. Cowper, l&Ol, p. 28, *e "Spirit of charity dispense.*' 
This is in American C. U. 

9, Je n'aims plus d'nn amour mian< Ijif& in the lone 
of Goth From vol, iv n , sect. 3, cant. &0. An anonymous 
(r. of a part of this as " I love toy God, but with no 
love of mine." appeared in the Audover Sabbath 2f» Bit., 
ISSSithe Church praise Bk, N. Y., 1881, fee, in 2 st. 
of G L Of this rr. at. 1. la apparently an expansion of 
the four first line* of this snort hymn ; tt.il. may be 
only an expansion of the two remaining lines, or may 
have added to It some verse of a hymn not identified, 
ftwyon, voL HL, cant l30,taBomewhataliuLiar, especially 
at ita close, hut is on a much larger scale, 

0. L'anwur ms tient aaaenrie. Divine low, From 
vol. il., cant. ISA, 3V. by W, Cowper, 1801, p. 38, In 
s st. of 4 L, v " Love Is the Lord whom I obey.'* It is 
generally used in an abbreviated form. 

7, I* iontsine dans *» source, living Water. 
From vol. iv.» cant. 81. IV. by W. Cowper, ieoi, p. 29, 
hi 1 at. of 4 L, as " The fountain hi Its source. * In 
181* it was given In Coliyer's 8et. t Nfl. 322, with an 
additional slanza by Oollyer. This Is the form of the 
text in C. IT. In ft. Britain and America, 

8. Hon comr depuis longtenu plcmgei The Joy of 
the Crott* From vol. Hi., cant. 91. TV. by W. Cowper, 
1801, pp, 81-84, In 13 ft. of < L, u " Long plung'd in 
sorrow, I resign," The following centos therefrom are 
InClU,:— 

1. " Long plunged In sorrow, I res ign," 
a. " O Lord, in sorrow I resign." 

3. H Self-love no grace In sorrow sees." 
Of these centos 1 i* in Spnrgeon's O, O. E. Bk\+ 186ft; 
and a and 3 In American collections, 

0, Sens pdrtons un doux temolgnagv. God?t Ch&ien, 
Vol, tf t| cant, 18, Tr* by W. Cowper, 1801, p. ;16, m 
** How happy are the new*boru race." This is uauslly 
altered to |( O bappy they t God + d chosen race," a» In 
Jftrar, 1864, and others. 

10. SonJfrwaa, puiaqu 1 ^ le fant, sonfi¥uis touts la vie. 
Yhz Iqvz of God tke end of 14ft* From vol, il F ,caut. 165. 
37", by Xf. Cowper, 1801, p. 00, in 4 st. of 4 L, as " Since 
life In sorrow mu«t be spent." In the Sonfft for tht 



HADDOCK, GBACE W. 

Sanctuary, ISSS, and other American colEedtons It Is 
altered to ** If life In sorrow must be spent/* 

In addition to these there are also fr*. of 
hymns in 0. XT., the originals of which aie 
attribated to Madame Gnyon. These we have 
not identified in hor poetical works :— - 

11. By suHainf only «*a we know. Betignation. 
This is part of a poem written at nineteen. Jn a letter 
written from Blols In If If, Uadame Quyon thus alludes 
to it 1 "I remember that when I wafi quite young, only 
nineteen years of age, I composed a little song In which 
I expressed my willingness to suffer lor Goo. ... A 
part of the verses to which I refer is as follows : * By 
entering only can we know.* " ITie tr. In the American 
sja.for the ChUrthtfVhrUtt 18B3, is.snonyniouB. 

IS* I would love That, God and Father. 'J hie we 
cannot identify. It appeared in the Aftuover Satfxtth 
H. Bk. t 1969, No. ©4ft, in 6 &t. of 4 L. It is In Sangrfor 
the $anctvaiy t 1866, Qatneld's Church B. Bk^ ia?3, 
and others. 

13« 'Tie not by tkQl of humwi art £oh, Kot 
fdentlnetL The (r. appeared in the Byt/for the Church 
o/cftrut, 18*3, No. eoe. [H, L, B-] 



H 



H,, in the Bristol Bapt Coll. by Ash and 
Etmw, 1769, ie, Hadson. 

S., iu H. L. Hastiiiga'B Song* of Pilgrimage, 
Boston, 1886, i.e. the Editor. 

H. B, i.e. Henry Bennett (q. v.). 

H, BZ. B. E., i.e. Mica Hannuh K. Barling' 
hum of Evesham, 

H. Ii. lb, ie. Hymns from the Land of 
Luihtr. [See Bmtkwick, Juu.] 

JL M. C, in the Spnttaty, i.e. Harriet 
Mary Cheater (q. r.). 

H — t, in the Bristol Cbli. by Ash and 
Erana, i.e. Joseph Hart (q. v.). 

Habert, Isaac, was a native of Paris, 
where he became Doctor of the Sorbonne, 
Canon and Lecturer in Divinity to the Chapter 
of the Cathedra), and Preaohcr to the King. 
On Dec. IT, 1645, he was consecrated Bp. of 
Vabrea (Aveyron), a post which he held with 
esteem for over twenty years. Be d. of 
apoplexy white on a visit to Pont-de-Salara, 
near Kodez, Sept. IS, 1G68, and was burieii 
in the Cathedral at Yabres. 

He ie beat knotm «s a "writer agnJnet JanBeniem ; and 
63 the editor of tbe Liber FontifiaAit, Parte, 16*3, 
which contains tbe Greek service with a. I.atiri venlon 
by himself. He eontrlbated * number of Latin bymne 
to the Farir Brcvinry of 1S43. Those which ere re- 
peated in the Parit Bitviary of 1T36 are marked then 
B. Vabr. Ep., or Bab. Voir. ^). [J. M.] 

Had I ten thousand gifts beside. 
[Cbmpfeterttfw in Cftn'rt.1 Appeared anony- 
mously in It, Conyers's CdtL, 1774, No. 254, 10 
2 st of 6. 1. In this form it u in use in 
America. In the Bapt B. [& Twne\ Bh., Phil*., 
1871, No. 429, a third stanza has been added 
from "There is no path to heavenly bliss," 
st i. of No. 202, in Kippon's Bap. M„ 1767. 
The usnal modern form of the hymn in use 
in G-, Britain is, "All other pleas we cast 
aside," as in Mercer's Ch. Psalter it H. Bh,, 
1855, No. Ill (Oi.ed. 1864, No. 45). This is 
repeated in Kennedy with the addition of a 
doiology. [J. J.] 

Haddock, Grace "Webster. [Himi*!*, 
q. W.] 



HAEO ILLA SOLEMNIS DIES 

Haeo ilia solemnis dies. Jean Baptists 
ie SanteHiL [Annunciation.] Appeared iu 
the Ctuniac Breviary, 1686, p. 942, in bis 
Hymn* Sacri et Novi, 1689, p. 17 (ed. 1698, 
p. 86) : " De Incarnations Christ! seu Annun- 
oiatiane Dominica," in 6 at. of 4 1. It was 
repeated in the revised Paris Brev., 1736, a* 
the Hymn far the let and 2nd Vespers of 
Feast of Annunciation. Also in Card. New- 
man's Eymni Ecektiae, 1838 and 1865. TV. 
as: — 

j<7fttl wsa th* mora.. By K. Campbell in his 
Hymns and Anthems, &c, 1850, p. 88, This, in 
a rewritten form, is given in the Bymnary, 
1872, as, " joyftil rose this sacred morn." 

Othte tea. are : — 

I. Thli is tie day, tbe solemn tof. J. Chandler. 
1S3». Sometimes given u "0 day <rf glad solemnity," 
us in Murray's ffipsfloZ, 18&3. 

3. Thii la tbe fatal light, /. WtBtemt, 1S3», 

3. Hall, Ifeslal mam, whose sacred ray. J". J). Cham- 
lew. IBM. [J. J.] 

Hageribach, Carl Rudolph, d.d., s. 
of C. P. Hagenbach, professor of medicine at 
Basel, was b. at Basel, March 4, 1801. He 
studied at the Universities of Basel, Bonn, 
and Berlin. Ha returned to Basel in 1823 as 
University lecturer on Church history. Was 
appointed ordinary professor of Church history 
in 1829, and d. at Basel, June 7, 1874 (Koch, 
vii. 95, 96 ; AUg. Deutsche Biog., I. 344, 345, 
&c). His hymns appeared principally in his 
GtdiehU, Basel, 1846. Two are tr. .— 

f. TM OoaU, d«r aD* Herna trKnlcat FasxiimtiJt. 
On Christ thirsting «u tbe cross. IMS, ss above, vol, i. 
p. 33, in 4 st. JV. m " Then ftuttaln lor the panting 
heart," by /. ffetty, ISM, p. 40. 

ii. Stills hatten dmaem 'Walten. ftetignatbm. On 
patient watting on Qod, founded on Pa. bell. 2. In tils 
OaticMe, lSi», vol 1. ». 89, la S «*. of SI.; and lu 
Knapp's St. L. S., 1S», So. 1MT. 3V. *a :— 

Ua» thy Tathar'a aim nataina tint, a free tr. of 
at. l.-T. in the Anily Krenrarj, 1861, p. 2M ; and In 
the GUman-Scbalt Mb. o/ iW. JPsed's, ed. 1883, p, sis, 
marked as tr. by " H. A. P." Included aa No. SB* In 
Lnwfci AmM, N. Y., ISM. rj_ j[ i 

Hail, all hail, the joyful morn, Har- 
riet Auber, [Christmas.] 1st pub. in her 
Spirit of the Psaltat, 1829, p. 189, in 4 si of 
4 ). In the Oberiin itfanual o/ Praise, 1880, 
No. 164, st ii., iii. are given as, "Angels 
bending from the sty." Tbe fall text is 
given in Hymn* <fc Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874, 
No. 172. ' [J. J.] 

Hail! Alpha and Omega, hail J. 

Cettnick. [Faith desired.'] Fub. in bis Sac 
Eys. for the Children of Bod, Ac, 1741, No. 
82, in 5 st of 4 1., and entitled, " A Prayer for 
Faith." In 1774 it -was given in B. Conyers's 
Coll,; No. 78, st 3 being omitted. This 
arrangement has generally been followed by 
later editors, as in the Moravian H. Bk., 1849, 
and others. In Kennedy, 1863, it reads; 
" Great Alpha and Omega, hail." In the Mo- 
ravian B. Bk., 1866, it begins with si ii.. 
"Hail, First and Last," 4c. [J. J.j 

Hail, everlasting Spring, P. Dod- 
dridge. [The Living Fountain.'] This hymn, 
based on Zech. xiii. 1, is dated in tbe d. mbs. 
" Nov. 7, 1736." It was 1st pnb. in J. Orion's 
ed. of Doddridge's (posthumous) Hymn*, 4c, 
1755, No. 170, in 3 st. of 8 1., and again in 
J. p. Humphreys's ed, of the same, 1839, 



HAIL, HOLY, HOLY, HOLY 477 

No. 191, and in each case without alteration. 
In Hys. * 8. of Praise, N. Y., 1874, No. 515, 
it is given unaltered and in full. Elliott, in 
his Ps. 4 Eys., 1835, No. 83, attributes the 
hymn to"Dodd,"and this has been quoted as 
the author's name. It Is simply a contraction 
of "Doddridge." [3. J.] 

HaiL Father, Whose creating call. 
tt. Wesley, jvn. [Adoration of God the 
Father.] 1st pub. as No. 1 of his Poems on 
Several Occasions, 1736, in 6 st. of 4 L, and 
entitled, "A hymn to God the Father." It 
was repeated in the 2nd ed., 1743; and in 
Nieholls's reprint, 1862, p. 365. In the Pa. * 
Eys. pub. by J. Wesley at Charlestown, South 
Carolina, 1736*7, it is No. 11. It was not 
included in the Wet. E. Bit. until the Stippl, 
1830, No. 561 (revised ed., 1875, No. 642) ; 
although as " Hail, Father, Whoso command- 
ing coll," it was given in Toplady's Ps. 4 
Eys., 1776, No. 189. [J, J.] 

Hail, God the Son, In glory drowned. 
8. Wesley, jim. [Adoration of God the Son.] 
This companion hymn to the foregoing by the 
same autW, was 1st pub. in hfs Poems, 4c., 
1736, and repeated in J. Wesley's Ps. & Hys., 
Charlestown, South Carolina, 1736-7, No. 12, 
in 6 st. of 4 L, and headed, " Hymn to God 
the Son." It was repeated in the 2nd ed. of 
the author's Poems, io., 1743, and in Nieh- 
olls's reprint, 1862. In 1830 it was included 
in tbe SuppL to the Wei. E. BJe., No. 601 ; 
and in the revised ed. 1875, No 665. It in 
also in other collections in O. Britain and 
America. Although not recognized in the 
Wes. H. Bk. nntit 1830, it was brought into 
use in the Church of England by Toplady 
in his Ps. & Bye. in 1776, No. 190. [J. J.] 

Hail, happy day ! the [thou] day of 
holy rest. S. Browne. {Sunday,] 1st 
pub. in his Hys. & Spiritual Songs, &o>, 1720, 
Bk iii. No. 1, m 9 st of 4 1., end headed, " For 
the Lord's Day" It is in several modern Ame- 
rican collections, altered and abbreviated, as in 
the Song* for the Sanctuary, 1865, No- 71, 
where it reads, " Happy day I thou day of 
holy rest," The stanzas chosen are i., ii. and 
iv. [J. J.] 

HaiL Holy Ghost, Jehovah, Third. 
8. Wesleu, jvn. [Adoration of the Holy Ghost] 
This companion hymn to the author** " Hail, 
Father," &o, and " Hail, God the Son," 4c., 
was 1st pnb. in his Poems, 4c, 1736, and re- 
peated in J. Wesley's Ps. & Eys., Charles- 
town, South Carolina, 1736-7, No: 13, in 
6 et of 4 1., and entitled, " Hymn to God 
the Holy Ghost" It was repeated in the 
2nd ed. of the author's Poems, 4c, 1743; 
and in Nieholls's reprint, 1862. Although 
included in Toplady's Ps. & Eys., 1776, No 
191, it was not given in the Wes. H, Bk, until 
the SwppJ. of 1830, No. 649 (revised ed., 1875, 
No. 750). [J. J.] 

Hail, holy, holy, holy Itord, Let 
angels, Ste. E. Perronet. \Holy Trinity.] 
Appeared in bis Occasional Perse*, &c, 1785, 
p. 23, in 9 st of 4 1, and entitled, •' The Lord 
is King." It is a companion hymn to the 
author's " All hail the power of Jesus' Name," 
and in common with it repeats the last line of 
st. i. in each stanza with the change in st iv* 



478 HAIL, HOLY MARTYRS 

vi. and ix. of " And shout, The Loid is King," 
to "O shout," "High shout," and "Loud 
shout." In Hatfield's Clmreh H. Ilk., N Y., 
1872, No. 295 is composed of st. i.-iii., v and 
ix. [J. J.) 

Hall, holy martyrs, glorious names, 
C. Wesley. [For Martyrs.] 1st pub. in Hys. 
& Sao. Poems, 1710, in 12 st. of 4 1., and 
hooded, " Written after walking over Smith- 
field." (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 315.) 
A cento in the Leeds H. Bk., 1853, No. 605, 
beginning with the same first line, is thus 
composed : at. i., ii., iv.-vi. are from this hymn, 
with alterations; and st. iii. and vii. are by 
another hand. From this cento another was 
taken for the Bapt. Ps. & IJyt., 1858. It 
begins, " Father, though storm on storm ap- 
pear," and includes st.iii.-v. audvii. [J. J.J 

Hail, Name of Jesus, glorious Name. 

[Ascension.'] Thia hymn is based upon E. 
Perronet's "All hail the power of Jesus' 
Name," and several linos are taken from that 
hymn. It appeared in Jane E. Lcoson's 
Paraphrases * Hys, 1853, in 2 st. of 8 L, and 
was repeated in the Irvingvte Hys. for the Use 
of the (Jtmrdtet, 186*. Its ascription is a E. 
l'erronet, 1770 ; fane E. Ltemn, 1853." [J. J.] 

Hall, sacred day of earthly rest G. 
Thring. pSundny.] Written in 1863, and 1st 
pub. in his Hys. Congregational and Offer*, 
1666, p. 82, in 13 at. of 4 1. In tho Appendix 
to tho 8. P. C. K. Ps. A Hys., 1809, No. 314, 
it was givon in 9 fit. with st. i. 1. 3 changed 
from "Hail, quiet spirit fringing peace," to 
"Hail, day of light, that bringest light," by 
Bp. W. W. How. Tliis text was repented in 
Turing's Coll., 1882, No. 65, aud is the autho- 
rised form of tho hymn. In Laitdes Domini, 
N. Y., 1884, No. 92, st. i.-iii. and xiii. are 
altered from the original 8, 6, 8, 4 to 8, 8, 8, 4 
measure, very much to the injury of tho 
hymn. Full authorised text in tho author's 
Hys. & Sue. Lyria, 1874, p. 21. [J. J.] 

Hail, sovereign love, that first began. 
J. Bremer. [Christ the Hiding Plttee.] 1st ap- 
peared in the Gospel Magazine, Oct. 1778, in 9 at. 
of 4 1., and signed " Sylveatris." It was given 
in full in J. Middleton's .Hymns, 1793, No. 27D ; 
in Williams and Boden, 1801, No. 226 ; iu un- 
dated editions of the Lady Huntingdon Coll., 
No. 828, and others. Rippon, in the 27th ed. 
of his Set., 1827, No. 172, It. ii., set tho 
examplo of abbreviation, and this example 
has been followed in almost all modern col- 
lections in G. Britain and America. In addi- 
tion to abbreviated text there are also three 
altered forms of the hymn :— 

1, Hail, aovereiga kv*p that flwt began. No. 64& to 
the let ed. of Blckerststh's Christ. I'talmodg, 1B33. 
This bad undergone considerable alteration, and further 
changes were nude in the enlarged ed. F 1841. 

S. Hail, aovsntgn love, that fonn'd the plan. This 
Is in somewhat extensive m in America, Including 
Beecher's Plymouth Qoll., 1SS5, No. 5«; Stings for the 
Sanctuary, ISM. No. 460, and others. 

3. Ball, boundless lire, that bit began. In the 
Meth. V. Ch. & S, Bys., 1880, No. S3. 

Full original text in Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 87. 

[J. J.] 

Hail the day that sees Him rise. 
C. Wesley. [Attention."] 1st pub. in Hys. & 
Sao. Poems, 1739, p. 211, in 10 st. of 4 1„ and 
entitled, "Hymn for Ascension Pay" (P. 



HAIL THE DAY THAT SEES 

Works, 1868-72, vol i. p. 187), It hag come 
into C. II. in various forms, of which the fol- 
lowing are the most popular : — 

1. The original. This was given in the 
8uppl to tho Wet. H. Bk., 1830, No. 630; in 
tho revised ed., 1875, No. 718; and several 
other collections. The first stanza roads : — 

"Hail the day that sees Him rise, 
R&vish'd from our wishful eyes ! 
Christ, awhile to mortals given, 
Re-aseenda His native hosvon." 

2. The full tost, with slight alterations, 
appeared in Whitoflelds Coll., 1753, No. 43. 
This form of tho hymn may bo known by 
st. vi. 11. I, 2, which road : — 

11 Stfll for us lie intercedes , 
Prevalent Sis death lie pleads." 

3. An abbreviated text, given in Madan's 
Ps. A Hys., 1760, No. 23, in 4 st. of 8 1. In 
this st si. and v, are omitted, and the altera- 
tions as in Whitefiold are adopted. This has 
been repeated in several collections, both old 
and new, inoluding the Dutch Reformed Hys. 
of the Church, N. Y., 1869, No. 187. In this 
lost case the original reading (altered in 
Whitofield) is restored. 

4. The most popular form of the hymn 
dates from 1820. In that year it was given 
in the 9th ed. of Cotterill'a Set, No. 106, as 
follows (tho italics being Cotterill's altera- 
tions) : — 

1. " Hall the day th»t sees Him rise, 

Glorious ~io His native skies] 

Christ awhile to mortals given, 

Enters noua the highest heaven. 
% " There the glorious triumph waits ; 

Lift your heads, eternal gates ! 

iTkrtst hath vanquished death one 1 sin. 

Take the King ot gloiy in. 

3. " See, the heaven, its Lord receives J 

ret He loves the earth He leaves ; 
Though returning to His throne, 
Still He calls mankind His own. 

4. " Still for us Be intercedes ,* 

Vis preeaHing death Se pleads : 
Near Himself prepares our place. 
Harbinger of human race. 
6. " O though parted from our sight 
.Pur above yon azure height, 
Grant our hearts may thither rise, 
Seeking Thee above the shies. " 

This text was repeated almost verbatim iu 
Bickerstoth's Christ. Psalmody, 1833 ; Elliott's 
Ps. d> Hys., 1835; and others down to 1852, 
when, in the Rev. G. O. White's Introits and 
Hys., tho "Hallelujah" refrain was added to 
each verse. This form of tho text, with the 
addition in some ossl's, as in If, A. 4 jlf,, of 
at. v, of the original (" Bee ! He lifts His 
hands above "), is very popular, and is found 
in the Hymmry, 1872; H. A. & M., 1861 & 
1875; Taring's Coll., 1882; the Universal 
H. Bk., 1885 ; and others. It is By C. Wesley, 
1739; G. Whitefield, 1753; 3". CotteriU, 1820; 
andG.C. White, 1852. 

5. Tho text of the H. Comp., 1870 and 1876, 
U from the original with the "Hallelujah" 
refrain, and the change in st, ii., 1. 1, of 
"pompous" to " glorious" and at. vi,, 1. 1, 
"Grant "to "Lord." 

6. In tho Salisbury H. Bk., 1857, No. 106. 
A cento from the original, the Cotterill-White, 
text, and others, together with a doxologjy, 
was given as " Hail the day that sees Him 
go." This was replaced by the original, in the 
Saturn Hiimnal, 1868, 



HAIL THE SIGN, THE SIGN 

7. The 8. P. C. K. Church Ey»., 187J, omits 
at. 111. and vi. of the original, and gives varia- 
tions from CotteriR and others. 

8. In the 1863 ed. of the S. P. C. K. Pt. & 
Hyt^ No. 230, there is a cento of which st. i.-iv. 
«re altered from Wesley, and v., vi. arc new to 
the hymn. It begins, " Master, Lord, to Thee 
we cry." 

9. The American collections usually follow 
those of G. Britain in its various forms, and 
the source of eaoh text can ho determined hy 
the foregoing annotations. In the Church 
Pastorals, Boston, 1864, No. 76, as " Master, 
may we ever say," is composed of st. vu.-i. 

10. Several hymn-books also present slight 
variations either from the original, or from 
one of the altered forms, but these ore too 
minute and numerous to give in detail. 

When all ita various^forms are taken into 
. account, this hymn ranks as one of the thioo 
hymns hy C. Wesley which of all his com- 
positions have attained to the greatest popu- 
larity. The other two are, " Hark ! the herald 
angels sing," and " Jesu, lover of my soul." 

[J. J.] 

Sail the sign, the sign of Jesus. 
8. Boring-Gould. [Missions.] Written in 
1866, and 1st printed in the Church Timet, 
1866. In 1867 it was included in the People'* 
H., and subsequently in other collections. 

Hail, thou bright and sacred morn. 
Julia A. EUiott. [Sunday Morning.'] 1st pub. 
anonymously in her husband's Ft. & Hys-t 
1st ed., 1835, No. 296, in 2 st of 6 !., but 
acknowledged in the " Third Thousand," 1839, 
by the addition of her initials "jr. a. b." in 
the Index. It is given in sevoral modern 
collections- in G. Britain and America, in- 
cluding Whiting's Hys. /or the Ch. Catholic, 
1882, and Songs for tfte Sanctuary. N. Y„ 
1665, 4c [J. J.] 

Hail, Thou God of grace and glory. 
T. W. Avelmg. [ProsparOy of the Church 
desired.] *' One of four hymns sung on the 
occasion of the jubilee of tho Old Congrega- 
tional Chapel, Ktogsland, which was held on 
Juno 16, 1814," (Miller's Singers & Songs, 
1860, p. 531.) It was given in the New Conj., 
1859, No. 816, in 3 st. of8 1. It has passed into 
several American collections, including Hat- 
field's Church H. Bk\, 1872, No. 1201 ; tho 
Louden Domini, 1884, No. 947, for " Christian 
Union" ; and others. [J. J.] 

Hail, Thou once despised Jesus. J. 
BahsweU. [Ascension.'] In a volume of 
Poetical Tracts, 1757-74, in the Bodleian 
Library, Oxford [Hymni G. Pamph. 1276 
(1)], there is, bound np with others, a small 
pamphlet of 72 pages with the following 
title:— 

A Collection of BUmns addressed to The fibty, Bi&y, 
Boty, triune God, tn the Person of Christ Jens, our 
tftdiator and Advocate, [ft. sitii. «. <» Bcbrew ,- and 
Cant, (n.ie.rt SngtUk.] London : Printed t/y It. Levis, 
in Paternoster.Boa, XDQCLTH. 

At page 40 of this pamphlet the following 
hymn is found : — 

" Hum xivt, 
l. 

" Hail, thou ODce-desptsed Jem*, 
Hilt, thou GalUtan King! 
Who didst natter to release us. 
Who didst tree salvation briruj I 



HAIL, THOU ONCE DESPISED 470 

Hail, thon universal Saviour, 

Woo bast borne our Bin and shame; 
By whose merits we And favour, 

Life is given thro' thy name I 
I. [11. J 
" Jesus, hail 1 inthron'd In glory, 

There for ever to abide j 
All the hoav'nly best adore thee, 

Seated at thy Father'* tide : 
Worship, honour, pow'r, and btessitig, 

Tboa art worthy to receive-— 
Loudest praises without ceasing 

Meet it is for us to give I " 

In M. Mndan's Coll of Ft. & Hys., 1760, 
this hymn reappeared in the following ex- 
panded form, the added portions befug in 
italics : — 

"HlMH CI. 

" Praise to Christ, 
i. 
" Hail thou once despised Jesus : 
Hail thou Galilean King 1 
Wlio didst suffer to release us. 

Who didst free Salvation bring ! 
Hail thon universal Saviour, 

Who hast bomo our Sin and Sbame, 
By whose Merits wo find Favour. 
Life is giv'n thro* thy Name ! 
li. 
" Paschal Lamb by God appointed, 
Alt our Sine were on Jftec laid I 
By Aiwighty Love appointed, 

Tftou tuutfaU atonement moos . L 
Ev'ry Sin may beforgiv'n 

lAm 1 the Virtue ofthy Blood, 
Open'disthe Gaiety Btav'n, 
Peace is made 'iwfat Han and God. 

«t, 

" Jesus Hail I enthron'd In Glory, 

There for ever to abide ! 
All the heartily Hosts adore Thee 

Seated at thy Father's Side : 
Therefor Sinners Ifteu art pleading 

* tfoare them yet another Year * — 
Thou for Saints art interceding 

Till in Glory they appear. 
iv. 
" Worship, Honour, Pow'r, and Blessing, 

Christ is worthy M receive— 
Loudest Praises without ceasing 

Meet it la for us to give 1 
Belp.ye bright anoehe Spirit!, 

Bring your sweetest, noblest Lays, 
Betp to sing our Jem's Merits, 

Belp to ehaant Jnmanvet's Praise ! " 

This text was repeated with slight altera- 
tions (specially in st. ii., 1, S, " love anointed™ 
for " love appointed," in B. Conyers's OoU. of 
Ps. & Hys., 1774, No. 70 ; in the Lady Hunt- 
ragden CoU. of Sys., Edinburgh, c. 1771 ; and 
others. Tho next important change in the 
hymn waB made by A. M. Toplady, with the 
object of making it subservient to ids stern 
Calvinistio views. His text in his Ps, <fc Hys., 
1776, No. 113, is:— 

t. " Hail, thou once despised Jesus ! 

Hall, thou Galilean King I 
Thon didst suns? to rstssso ua, 

3ftotf didst free salvation bring. 
Halt, thou agonizing Saviour, 

Bearer of our sin and shame J 
By thy media we find flavour, 

Life Is given through thy name. 
["Paschal Lamb," fie,, omitted on doctrinal grounds.] 
f i. " Jesus, halt, enthroned In glory, 

There far ever to abide ! 
All the heav'nly host adore thee. 

Seated at thy Father's aide. 
There for sinners thou art pleading, 

There thou dost our place prepare. 
Ever for «» interceding 

Till in glory we appear. 
" Worship, honour, pow'r, and biasing, 

7Vu>u art worthy to receive t 
Loudest praises, without ceasing. 

Meet it Is for us to givs. 



480 HAIL, THOU BOUBCE OF 

Ilelp, ve brigM angelic spirits! 

firing your ewf etest, noblest lays 1 
Help to sing our Saviour's merits. 

Help to cbaunt ImmanueTa praiBe." 

In J CoU. 0/ ?•■ * ■**}"• *™ variout tubjeeU 
for Pub. o»i Private Worship. Detkfned for 
the Congregation of Korthampton Chapel. By 
William Taylor and Herbert Jones, land., 
1777, No. 162, there is a cento fromMadan's 
text, to which is added what has long been 
regarded as the fifth stanza of "Hail, Thon 
onoe despised Jesus." It is from James 
Allen's CoU. of Hys. for the Ute 0/ rAo»e that 
Seek and tfcoss that Save Redemption in the 
Blood of Carat, 1757, No. 97, and reads :— 

" Soon we (bill with those in glory, 

HI* transcendent grace relate ; 
Gladly sing th' amaiing story 

01 His dying lore h great, 
lit that blessed eontemplMfon, 

We for evermore ■ball dwell ; 
Cmwn'd with blias and consolation, 

Such as none below can telL" 

The sources of the various arrangements of 
" Hail, Thon once despised Jesus," found in 
modem hymn-books in all English-speaking 
countries, can be easily determined by refer- 
ence to the above texts, which, in every case, 
are printed from the originals. In addition 
to the numerous oentos in 0. U. which begin 
with " Hail, Thou onoe," 4c, there are also 

(1) " Paschal Lamb, by God appointed," and 

(2) " Jesus, hail, enthroned in glory." 

J. Bakewell's share in the composition of 
this hymn in its full modern form of 5 st of 
8 1. seems thus to have been very limited. 
Unless it can be shewn that be re-wrote and 
enlarged it for M. Madan's Ft. <fe Hys, 1760, 
of the 40 lines so confidently attributed to 
him, only 16 are his. In the Bodleian 
Library Catalogue, the pamphlet in which 
Bakewelt's two stanzas appeared, is said to 
be "Assigned by Mr. Daniel Sedgwick to 
William Jones, of Nayland." From Sedg- 
wick's mss. we find that this was a guess on 
his part. The compiler of the pamphlet is 
unknown. P* J.] 

Hall, Thou source of 07017 blessing. 
B. Wnodd. [Epiphany.] Appeared in his Ps. 

t David and other portion* of the Sacred 
iptaret, &c, n.d. [cir. 1810-21], No. 177, in 
3 st. of 8 1., and again in bis Neu> Metrical 
Version of the Pi. of David, &c, 1821, No. 177. 
In Bickersteth's Christian Psalmody, 1833, it 
was given as by Rebinton (i.e. B. Bobinaon, 
q, v.), and this error lias been repeated in 
several collections. It is in extensive use, 
many collections following Bichertteth's text 
of 1833, Orig. text in the Hy. Camp., No. 
95, with at. iii., 1. 7, ** aUHnviting Saviour," 
for " nnivereal Saviour ; " 1. 3, * temples " for 
"temple." [J. JJ 

Hall to the Lord's Anointed. X 

Montgomery. [P«. fawtV. jtfi'wions.l Written 
for and included in a Christmas Ode which 
was sung at one of the Moravian settlements 
in the United Kingdom, Christmas, 1821 
(Bfog. Indra to the Irish Oh. Hymnal). This 
settlement is said by some to have been 
Fulneclc, of which Montgomery was a member, 
but the authorities at Fulneck cannot sub- 
stantiate the statement. Its subsequent his- 
tory began with its being sent, on the 9th of 



HAIL TO THE LOBE'S 

January, 1822, In xs. to Mr, George Bennett 
then on a mission tour in the South Sess 
(JtT.'s Memoirs, voL iii. p. 277). In April of 
the same year it was repeated by Montgomery 
himself at a missionary meeting in Pitt Street 
Chapel, Liverpool (if.'* Memoir*, vol. iii. 
p. 281), and in the following month was 
printed in the Evangelical MagatCne, and 
entitled " Imitation of the 72nd Psalm (Tune ' 
Culmstook)." To it was appended a note 
alluding to Montgomery's forthcoming Song* 
of Zion. Later in the same year it was in- 
cluded in that work ; again in Montgomery's 
Poetical Workt, 1828, vol. iii. p. 69; and in 
1811, vol. iii. p. 237 ; and finally in his Original 
Eymm, 1853, No. 267. It consists of 8 st. of 
8 1. The text is slightly varied in each of 
Montgomery's works, the authorised being 
that in his Original Eymm. 

Of all Montgomery s renderings and imita- 
tion of the Psalms this is the finest. It forms 
a rich and .splendid Messianic hymn. Its 
snecess has been great, partly due at the first 
by tbe publicity given to it by Br. Adam 
Clarke in his Commentary on the Bible, in 
which it appeared in 1822 with a special note. 
It is found in all modem hymnals of note, in 
all English-speaking countries, and has been 
translated into several languages. In common 
with most of Montgomery's hymns, it has 
undergone but little change at the hands of 
compilers. Two changes are given in S. A. 
<t M., in 1861, which are attributed to the 
Eev. J. Koble. They are : st. ii., L 7-8 :— 

" limn kill to vale tktfiaaitalni 
Of righterutnta PtrjUtw" 

for Montgomery's : — 

" And ilghteousrieflB, In fountains, 
From bill to valley flow ; " 

and at. iv., 1. S : — 

** His name shalt stand for ever. 
Sit tkangtltu name tf late." 

This last line of the hymn appears aa follows 
in Montgomery's works, and elsewhere : — 

Original, "HisName— what islt? Love." 
jP. W., 183*. " That Name to us la Love." 
Orig. Byt„ l&ra, " That Name to us is Lovs." 

In addition to these alterations by Mont* 
gotnery and Koble, wo find also the follow- 
ing:— 
Rorlson's Cbfl., 18B1. ** Hla holiest Name Is Love." 
Mercer's CWl., 1SSS. "His great, beat Nameof Love." 
Hymnary, IBSfl. " Jesus, eweet Name of Love." 
Monsell's Parish Hymnal, 1813, "The one great 
Name of Love." 

Or these changes Montgomery's revised text 
of 1828 is in the most extensive use; Mercer's 
text ranks next, and then that by Kehle ; very 
few, if any, reprints of the Hymnary or of 
Monsell being found. The Hymnary text 
throughout is very much altered. In Wilson's 
Service of Praise, 1865, it is divided into two 

nU, Pt ii. being, " Kings shall fall down 
ore Him." A cento beginning, « Receive 
Messiah gladly," is in Marfineau's .Hymn*, 
1810, and " Arabia's desert ranger," is found 
in a few collections. The opening; line in the 
Anglican HI Bk., 1868, is " AU hail the Lord's 
Anointed ; " and to tbe usual cento of 4 st 
Hariand has added in his Ch. PtaUer, 4c, a 
doxology. Orig. text, Jfoang. Mag., May, 1822 ; 
authorised text, "■ m. msb." and his Orig. 
Hymns, 1853. [Paaltan, En*;., § XVTI.] [J. J.] 



HALE, EDWARD E. 

Hale, Edward Everett, m.a., b. at 
Boston, 1822, and graduated at Harvard. 
Prom 1846 to 1856 He was pastor of an Uni- 
tarian Church at Worcester; and front 1856 
he has bad the charge of South Church, Beaton. 
He has pub. several prose works of merit 
His hymn, "0 Father, take the new-built 
shrine (Dedication of a Church), is dated 
] 858. It was pub. in Longfellow & Johnson's 
By*, of the Spirit, 1864, So. 223, in 2 st of 
4 1. ; and was repeated in Hartinean's Hys. of 
P.*Prayer,Lon.,1873,No.725. [F.M. B.] 

Hate, Mary WMtwell, daughter of 
Eliphalct Hale of Boston, U.S.A., was b. at 
Boston, Jan. 29, 1810. After receiving a 
good education she devoted herself to educa- 
tional work in Boston, Taunton, Keene, N, H., 
and elsewhere. She d. Nov. 17, 1862, Her 
hymn-writing was brought into notice by two 
hymns, one on " Home," and the second on 
"Music," which were written for a juvenile 
concert at the Unitarian Church in Taunton, 
Aprill834, Several of the hymns and poetical 
pieces which she subsequently wrote were 
contributed to the Christian Begitter under 
the initials "¥.L E.," the concluding letters 
of her name. Her Poem* were pub. at Boston 
in 1810. A few of her hymns alao appeared 
in the Unitarian Christian Hys. for Public 
and Private Worship, commonly known as 
the Cheshire Collection, in 1844. [Amtrican 
Hjmnody, § VII.] Putnam (to whom we are 
indebted for these details) gives the- following 
of her hymns, with othew, in full in his 
Singers and Songs of Ike Liberal JWlft, 1874 : 

I. " Praise for the glorious light." Itnuxrance Anni* 
vertarjf. 
J. " Tbte dsy lot griteful praise eeeond." Sunday. 

3. " Whatever dims tbe sense of truth." A Mother's 
Gauniel. 

4. " When In silence o'er the deep." Chriitaat. 

These hymns were given in the Cheshire 
Coll., 1844. No*. 2 and 3 were taken from 
her Poems. Some of the other pieces given 
by Putnam are worthy of attention. [J. J.] 

Hale, Sarah Josepha, nee BuelL b, 

at Newport, New Hampshire, 1795, and mar- 
ried to David Hale, a lawyer, who died in 
1B22. Mrs. Hale edited The Ladies' Magatine, 
Boston, from 1828 ; aud Godey's Ladiet \ Book, 
Philo., from 1837, besides publishing several 
works. Her hymn, "Our Father in heaven, 
we hollow Thy name " {The Lord'* Prayer), 
appeared in Mason &> Greene's Church Psatr 
mody, 1831, No.553,in2 ut.of 81. Mrs. Hale, 
who was a member of the Protestant Episcopal 
Church, d. in 1879. \F. M. B.] 

Hall, Christopher Newman, ll.b., s. 
of J. Vine Hall, was b. at Maidstone, May 22, 
1816, and educated at Totteridge School, and 
Highbury College, London, In 1841 he gra- 
duated b.a. at the University of London, and 
ia.b. in 1856. From 1842 to 1854 he was 
minister of Albion Church, Hull ; and from 
1854 he has been in charge of Surrey Chapel, 
and its continuation, Christ Church, West- 
minster. He was also chairman of thd Con- 
gregational Union of England and Wales in 
1876. In addition to several prose works, 
and numerous tracts (6ne of which, " Come to 
Jesus," has been translated into 30 languages 



HALLELUJAH 



481 



and has reached a circulation of two millions), 
he published : — 

(1) Ififmnt composed at Bolton Abbey, and Other 
JNtswr, Load., Hubert, 18S8t (?) Cloud and Santhine, 
loud., EuoittOD, Adams It Co., 18J0; (3) ChrUt Chunk 
nmmal, for the utt of the Congregation of Christ 
CftHre*, Watmimter Saad, Lend., MWbet, 187S [ {«) 
JPHgrim Songs in Sunshine and shade. Land, mo 
(this it No, 1 with additional verses) ; rt) Sujwtementat 
Filarial Songt ; and («) Stmgi of Bartk and Btavtn, 
Lond., Hodder fc Stonghton, 186S. 

In the ChrUt Church Hymnal, 1876, there 
are 82 original hymns by Mr. Hall, 10 of 
which previously appeared in his Hue. cam- 
voted at Bolton Abbey, Ac., 1858. All the 82 
hymns are signed " N. H." Of his hymns 
the most popular are, "Accepting, Lord, Thy 
gracious call " ; " Friend of sinners, Lord of 
glory " ; and " Hallelujah, joyful raise " (q.v.). 
In addition tbe following are also in C. U, 
outside of his Hymnal:— 

1. Come, Lord, to earth sgsin (18(81, Advent. 

2. Hay again Is dawning (18TS), Morning. 

3. Friend of sinners, hear my cry (1st*), Lent. 

*, Ood bless of r dew old England (18JS). national 
Hymn. 

6. 1 know who makes the daisies. Providence. 

«. Lord, we do not ask to know ( isTe), iliuions. 

1. O Jeans, Who to favoured Mend (1B»), B. F, X, 
given into tht charge qf St. John. [W, Q, H.] 

Hall, William John, m.a., was b. in 
London, Dae 31, 1793, and graduated at 
Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, Taking 
Holy Orders, ho held several important ap- 
pointment, including a Minor Cauonry in St 
Paul's Cathedral, London, 1826; Priest in 
Ordinary of H.M. Chapel Royal, St. James's, 
1829, and the Vicarage of Tottenham, Middle- 
sex, 1851. He d. at Tottenham, Deo. 16, 1861. 
He pub. various Sermon*, a volume of Prayer* 
for the Vie of Families ; and a valuable trea- 
tise on Purgatory and Prayers for the Dead. 
Ho is known to nymnology as the editor of 
Psalm* and Hymn* adapted to the Services 
of the Church of England, London, 1836, 
commonly known as the Mitre Hymn-hook, 
from tho impression of a Mitre on the cover. 
He was assisted in this work by E. Osier (<j. v.) 
and others, who supplied original coniposititmi. 
Many of the hymns were previously printed 
in the Christian Remembrancer, of which he 
was sometime the editor, and then the editor 
and sole proprietor. The Mitre H. Bk., issued 
in 1886, with n dedication to Bp. Blomfield, 
attained to a circulation of four million oopies. 
It introduced numerous hymns to modern col- 
lections, and hod a marked influence on the 
hymnody of the Church of England. In this 
Dictionary all notes on hymns specially con- 
nected with the Mitre M- Bh- are from Mr, 
Hall's mss,, and distinguished as "h. uss," 
His son, the Rev. Willis m John Hall, hj, 
(b. March 17, 1830, and educated at Merchant 
Taylors Sohool, and at Trinity Oollege, Cam- 
bridge ; Minor Canon in St. Paul's Cathedral, 
London, and Rector of St. Clement's, East- 
cheap, with St. Martin-Orgar, Lnudon^ is the 
oditor of the New Mitre Hymnal, Adapted to 
tbe Service* of the Church of England, Lend., 
1875. (Preface, Advent, 1874.) [J. J.] 

Hallelujah = Alleluia. * Hymns begin- 
ning with this word ore arranged in this work 
according to the mode of spelling adopted by 
the authors and translators. 



482 



HALLELUJAH! 



Hallelujah! Hallelujah! Hearts to 
heaven and voices raise, C, Wordsworth, 
Sp. of Lincoln. [Sorter.] 1st pub. in his 
Holy Year, &□., 1862, p. 81, as the first of 
two hymns for Easter-day, in 5 st. of 4 double 
lines. Its use in all English-speaking coun- 
tries is most extensive, and it ranks with the 
beat of the author's hymns. [J. J.] 

Hallelujah t He cometh with clouds 
and -with light. Bp. E. H. Bichersteth. 
[Advent.'] Written in 1850, and 1st printed 
in a magazine*, in 4 st. of 4 I. In 1858 it was 
given in the author's Ps, <fc Hys., &o., No. ill ; 
and again in Tko Two Brothers, &c 1871. 
Its use is limited. [J. J.] 

Hallelujah 1 joyful raise. C. Newman 
JlaU. [Dwxiogy.'] Dated "Surrey Chtipel, 
November 19, 1857," and pub. in the author's 
Hys. composed at Bolton Abbey, &c., 1858, in 
2 st, of 41. It is in 0. U. in G. Britain and 
America, and is one of the most popular nf 
the author's hymns. In liU Christ Chureh 
Hymnal, 1876, it is No. 158. [J. J.] 

Hallelujah! Lob, Preis und Ehr. 

[Ti-iaity Sunday.] The earliest text known 
is in a broadsheet entitled Gawdium Aeternum, 
&c. [Ducal Library, Gotha], printed at Dres- 
den, 1655, in memory of a Dresden lawyer 
called Johann Schoffer. The dedication is 
" at Dresden, M. Blartinus von Doriug," bnt 
no clear indication is given as to the author- 
ship of the hymn. It is founded on Rev. xxi., 
xxu., and is in SI st. of 8 1. A full notice of 
this broadsheet is given in the Blatter fur 
Hymnologie, 1884, pp. 77-79. The form now 
in use is given at p. 482 in the Geistreiches 
G. B., Darmstadt, 1698, in 4 st., entitled " The 
Marriage Hymn," and is based on st. i., xv., 
ixvi., xxxi., of the longer form. It passed 
through Freyliughauaen's G. B., 1701, into 
manylater collections (BerlinC £.S.,ed. 1863, 
No. 1000), and has been a special favourite 
in Germany as a"Swansong" for the dying. 
It is sometimes erroneously ascribed to B. 
Crasselius. 

The tr*. are, (1) " HsUelaJab, Love, Thanks and 
Praise," la the Suppl. to Gtr. Ptal., ed. 11W, p. TO, and 
StUct H. from Oer. Ptal,, Trenquebar, I'M, p. SS. (1) 
" Hallelujah, Might, Honour, Ftalae," as No. 6T4 in pt. 1. 
of tbt Moravian. B. Bk., UM. (S) "Sing Halleluiah, 
honour, praise," u No, 336 la the jftroroan H. Bk., 
USB (18SS, No. *2t), [J, M.] 

Hallelujah ! Raise, O raise. J. Con- 
der. [Ps. cxiii.] A vigorous and successful 
parapfiraae of the 113th Psalm, given in the 
Cong. E. Bk., 1836, No. 25, in 6 st. of 4 1.; in 
his work, The Choir and the Oratory, 1837, 
p. 168 ; and in his Hys. of Praise, Prayer, &o., 
1856, p. 29. It is found in most of the leading 
Nonconformist collections, including the Leeds 
H. Bk., 1853, No. 152 ; Bapt. Ps. a- Hys., 1858, 
No. 793 ; the New Cong., 1859, No. 178, and 
others. It is also in somewhat extensive nso 
in America, From this hymn tho following 
centos have also been compiled : — 

1. " All Hie servants Join to bless." lu tho Song t for 
the SoMttutry, N. Y,, less, No. 131. 

a, "Blessed be for evermore." In the Byz. of the 
Spirit, Boston, IBS^No, 105. 

Although in C. V. in these various forms, it 
has not received the attention which it merits. 
[Fasltens, English, § X1X-] [J. J] 



HAMILTON, EICHABD W. 

Halt an, main Herz, in deinem 
Olauben. B. Sehmolck. [Cross and Conso- 
laHnn.'] 1st pub. in his HeUige Flammen der 
Mrnmlisch gesinnten Seele, and apparently in 
the 2nd cd. 1705 (ed. 1707, p. 64; Uorlitz, 
1709, p. 138), in 3 st. of 6 1„ entitled " Stead- 
fastness conquers." Included in Burg's G.B., 
Breslau, 1746, No, 105, and other collections, 
Tr. as :— 

Bold on, «ny heart, with &lth relying, A good 
and full tr. by A. T. Russell, as Ho. 235 in his 
Ps. (J- Hys., 1851, ami repeated, omitting st. ii., 
in P. Maurice's Choral H. Bk., 18G1, No. 680. 

Anothsttr, 1>, " Hold on. my heart, in thylwUevlnB," 
lu the Chriitian BmmintT, Boston, U.S., Sept. 1800, 
p, 252. [J. M.] 

Hamilton, James, d.d,, f.l.s., eldest s. 
of tho Bev. 'William Hamilton, d.d,, parish 
minister of Strathblone, Stirlingshire, was It, 
at Louend, Paisley, Nov. 27, 1814. After 
studying at the Universities of Glasgow and 
Edinburgh, he became, in 1839, assistant in 
the parish of Auernyte, Perthshire. On Jan. 
21, 184], lie was ordained minister of Box- 
bnrgU PJace Church, Edinburgh, and on July 
25, 1841, ho became minister of Begent Square 
Presbyterian Church, London, where he re- 
mained till his death. He d. in London, Nov. 
24, 1867. He was a well-known preacher, 
and a popular and useful writer. Ho took 
groat interest in hymnology, contributed sove- 
ral hymnological articles to the British and 
Foreign Evangelical Review, and was a leading 
member of the committee which compiled the 
English Fresh. Psalms * Hymns, 1867. In 
his Life, by the late Bev. W. Arnot, mention 
is made of his having written some Commu- 
nion hymns, in 1831, but tlio only verses given 
in the Life are a tr. of " Wohlauf, wohian zum 
letzten Gang " (see Baohse). [J. M.] 

Hamilton, James, m.a., was b. at Glen- 
dollar, Scotland, April 18, 1819, and educated 
at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Taking 
Holy Orders in 1845, he held various charges 
until 1866, when he became Incumbent of St. 
Barnabas'*, Bristol. In 1867 he wasprcferred 
to the Vicarage of Doulting, diocese of Bath 
and Weils. Mr. Hamilton is the author of a 
few hymns of great merit Of these the 
following are in C. V. : — 

1. Aorois the sky the shads* of night Jftw Seta's 
-ffue. " Written to the old chorale Introduced by Men- 
delssohn Into bis St. Paul, • ToGod on High be thanks 
and praise,'" Off. A. <fc Jr., time to 104 byDeciue. 
See p. US, 11.) It Is In Thrins/s CM.. 1SSJ, 6c. 

8. Jesuf Lord most meniM. Patsicn&tU. Con- 
tributed to the FtopU't H., 1S6T. In the Bymmry, 
18J3, It was altered to"0 Jesu, our Salvation, I4W at 
Thy Cross," Ac. . This was repeated in the Parith 
H. Bk., IBIS, Thrlng's CM., lssa, and otben, and ia 
the mast popular form of the hymn. It was wiitten to 
Uaseler'e FosBion Chorale, as in M. A. £ M., 111. 

8, Pnlae, praise tho Lord of harrett. Haroat. 
Appeared in Thrins's OaU., 1M1 and 18W. [J. J.] 

Hamilton, Richard Winter, ll.d., 
d.d., b, in London, July 6, 1794, and educated 
at Milt Hill Sobool, and Hoxton College. In 
1815 he became tho minister of the Albion 
Street Chapel, Leeds, and then of Belgravo 
in ttie same town in 1836. He remained 
pastor of that congregation to hts death, on 
July 18, 1848. His prose works wore nnme- 
rous, and, at tho time of their publication, 
exceedingly popular. He was joint editor of; 



HAMMOND, WILLIAM 

A Sel. of Mug., &Q., 1822 [Congregational Hym- 
nody, 6], and contributed hymns to Claphnm's 
Leeds S. S. Union H. Bk., 1833 ; Lei/child's 
Original Hymns, 1842 (six hymns); and the 
Leeds H, Bk., 1853. His Nugae Litcrarlae, 
1841, contained several of his hymns, and 13 
versions of Psalms. Of his hymns tbo fol- 
lowing arc still in C. U. : — 

1. I was oJten told my need, 3833, Lent. 

B. Now all cuuilng caree shall cease. 1812, Saturday 
Eeening. 

3. Owhorelsthe landoftbe blest? 1333, Heaven. 

4, Though poor 111 lot and seamed In name. 1853. 
AU tMwga in Christ. [J. J.] 

Hammond, William, n.i„ b. at Battle, 
Busses, Jan, 6, 1719, and educated at St. John's 
College, Cambridge. In 1743 he joined the 
Oalvinistio Methodists ; and in 1745, the Mo- 
ravian Brethren. Ho d. in London, Aug. 19, 
1783, and was buried in the Meiavinn burial- 
ground, Sloans Street, Chelsea. He left an 
Autobiography in Greet, which remnins un- 
published. His original hymns, together with 
his trs. from the Latin, were pub. in his : — 

Psalms, Hymns, and Spiritual Songs. JO which is 
vrcfix'ct A Preface, giving some Amount of a Weak 
tiuth, and a Full .Assurance of Faithi and briefly 
dating the Doctrine of Ba/nctyvcatian ; and sheuttfio a 
Christian's Completeness, Perfection, and Happiness in 
Chritt. HyWilUam Hammond, A.B., late efst. John's 
College, Cambridge. London: Printed by W. Stratum; 
and sold by J. Oswald, at the Rose and Gtvvm in the 
Fjvltry, mdccilv. 

A tew of his original hymns from scriptural 
fidelity and earnestness have attained to a 
foremost position amongst English hymns. 
These include, " Awake, and sing the song," 
and " Lord, we come before Thee now." His 
trs. of Latin bymns were amongst the earliest 
published after those contained in the Primers 
and other devotional works of 16th and 17th 
centuries. They are of merit, and worthy of 
attention. Greater nso might also be made 
of his original compositions. In addition to 
those named above, the following are. also in 
0. U. :— 

1. Brightness of the Father's Face. God tie Son. 

2. How great the Christian's portloa la. Possession of 
All in Christ. 

3. If Jesue Is yours. Cod's unehangtaj>t$ Love. 

4. In Thine own appointed way. Divine Worship. 
t. Jena, Who died the [a] world to save. Easter. 

5. Lord, if on earth tbo thought of Thee, Heaven 
Wttieiaxtid. 

1, Sow with joint consent we sing. Divine Worshty. 
8. O Lord, how little do we know. Quinquaoesima. 
v. 'Would you win a soul to God I The Gospel Ifes- 
tage. [J. J.] 

Hankey, Katharine, hss published 
several hymns of great beauty and simplicity 
which are included in her ; — 

(1) The Old, OWStory.issBiCT «« Cld, Old Story, 
and other Versa, ISIS ; (3) Start to Heart, 1870. en- 
larged in 1813 and 1876. In 1978 it was republished 
wttn music by the author. 

Miss Hankey's hymns which have come 
into 0. V. are : — 

1, Advent tcHa tut, Christ ii near. Tie Christian 
Seasons. Written for the Sunday School of St. Peter's, 
Eaton Square, London, and printed on a card with mujk 
by too author. 

3. I love to tall the itory Of unteen thingt above. 
the love qf Jesus. This Is a cento from No. 3, and Is 
given In Buss's Cosset Songs, Cincinnati, 1814, and other 
American collections. 

3. I saw Him leave Sis Talker's throne. Lovest 
Ihoit net Written in 1399. It is Ho. 33 of the 014, 
Wd Stoi-y, and otter Vcrcts, 19)9. 



HAPPY MAN WHOM 



483 



Rixter See. 
Lord, descending. For Sunday 



4. Tell me the oil, old itery. Tills Life or Jeans in 
verso w.is written In two parts. Pt. I., "The Srory 
Wanted," Jan, 20; and Pt. U., "The Story Told," Nov. 
18, lecfl. It has since been published In several forms, 
and sometimes with expressive music by the author, and 
has also been translated into various languages, including 
Welsh, German, Italian, Spanish, &c. The form in 
which it Is usually known is that la I. 1>. Saitkey's 
Sacred S. A Sotos. This Is Part i. slightly altered. 

Miss Hankey's works contain many suitablo 
hymns for Mission Services and Sunday 
Schools, and may be consulted both for words 
and music with advantage. [J, J.] 

Hankinson, Thomas Edwards, m.a., 
who was educated at Corpus Chrhti College, 
Cambridge, where he won tbo Seatoniau prize 
several times, was b. in 1801, and d. Oct. 6, 
1843. In 1827 ho pub. a volnmo of Sacred 
Poems. These wore republished in an en- 
larged form by his brothers as a Memorial 
volume in 1844 (5th ed. 18C0). The 1844 
ed. included the following hymns which have 
come into C. U. : — 

1. Come, see toe place whore Jesus lies. 

2. Let Thy Spirit, Lord, de 
Schools. Written May 9, IMS. 

3. Mighty God, may we address Thcc? 1311. Par 
Sunday Schools. 

t. Our Father, if Indeed Thou art. Holy Trinity. 

6. We are a young and happy crew. lew. Dialogue 
hymn for Sunday Bchaott. 

6. Who shall ascend the holy place f tor Sunday 
*ftoo!a. This Is the most popular of his bymns, and Is 
found in several collections, Including Sarum, 1968, &c. 

[W. T. B.] 

Happiness, thou lovely name. A. M. 

Toplady. [Happiness.'] 1st printed in the 
Gospel Magazine, Oct., 1774, in 4 st, of 8 I. 
It was not given by Toplady in his Ft. & 
Hys., 1776 ; but appeared in 1793 in Hymns 
Cmnpihd by Joseph Middkton, Londou, No. 
271. In Btckersteth's Christ. Psalmody, 1833. 
No. 147, st i.-iii. were given as "Happiness! 
delightful name 1 " Tbis form of the text is 
also in later collections. There are also 
"Man to happiness aspires," in Kennedp,l$B3, 
and "Lord, it is not life to live;" but the 
most popular form of the hymn is st. ii., iii., 
as, "Object of my first desire." This is in 
extensive use in G. Britain and America. 
Full text in D. Bedgwiok's reprint of Toplady's 
Hymns it Box. Poems, Ac., 1860, p, 158. [J. J.j 

Happy day of union sweet. C. Wesley. 
[Christian Unity desired.'] From his Short 
Hymns, Ac, 1762, voL i„ No, 095, slightly 
altered into the Fes. H. Bh„ 1780, hut 
omitted in the revised ed., 1875, in favour of 
"True and Faithful Witness, Thou." This 
latter is a cento thus composed : — 

St. 1., £Aor# Hymns, 11&2, vol.1., No. &S9, onls.xl. G. 

St. II., Short Bymns, 1VS3. vol. t., No. MS, being the 
second half of the former hymn, " Happy day," £c. 

Orig. texts in P. Works, 1863-72, vol. is. pp. 
385 and 886. [J. J.] 

Happy is he that tears the Lord. I. 
Watts. [Ps. txcli.] Appeared in his Ft. of 
David, &c., 1719, In 5 st. of 4 L, and headed, 
" Liberality Rewarded." It is in C. U. in 
G. Britain and America ; and sometimes as, 
" Happy the man that fears the Lord," as in 
the New Cong., 1859, No. 174. [J. J.] 

Happy man [child] whom God doth 
aid. C. Wesley. [Praise to God for care 
over Children.] 1st pub. in his Hys.for Chil- 
dren, 1763, No. 18, in 3 st. of 8 1. (P. Works, 



484 HAPPI SONS OP ISRAEL 

1368-72, vol. vi. p. 387.) fci the Meth. 8. 8. 
H. Bk., 1 879, No. 61, it is changed to " Happy 
chSd whom God doth aid," as being more 
suitable for children. [J. J.] 

Happy sons of Israel. G. Sandy*. 
[Pt. trie] 1st pub. iu his Paraphrase upon 
tius Ft. of David, 1636, in GO Hues; again in. 
his ParapArnw npon the Divine Poemt (with 
which the Par. upon, the Pi. was incorporated), 
1638 ; and again in B. Hoopet's ed. of Sandys a 
Poem* in Smith's Library of Old Auttiort 
A cento from this paraphrase, beginning, 
" Sing the great Jehovah's praise," is No. 01 
In the New Cong., 1859. [J. J.] 

Happy [saint] soul that free from 
harms. C. Weetey. [Prayer to the Good 
Shepherd.] Appeared in Syi. & Sac. Poemt, 
1749, No, 10S, in 10 at. of 4 1, as No. 4 of 
" Hymns for those that wait for Ml Redemp- 
tion." (P. Work*, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 203) In 
tho IFes. H. Bk., 1780, it was given with the 
omission of st. it., iii., and repeated in the 
revised ed,, 1875, No. 13. In Mercer's Ch. 
Plotter & if. Bk.. 1856 and 1872, it reeds, 
" Happy mint that free front harms " ; and in 
the Bapt Ft. <£ Hya., 1858, No. 550, st vi.-x, 
arc given as, " Jesus, seek Thy wandering 
sheep." [J. J.] 

Happy bouL thy days are ended 
[ending]. C. Wesley. [For the Dying.] Ap- 
peared in Syt. & Sac. Poemt, 1749, in 2 st. of 
8 L, and headed, "For one departing" (P. 
Workt, 1868-70, vol. v. p. 216). In 1830 it 
was given in the Suppl to the Wei. if Bk., 
So. 725, and repeated in the revised ed., 1875, 
No. 922. It is also given in several collections 
in G. Britain and America. In some of these 
the opening line reads: "Happy soul, thy 
days are ending." [J. J.] 

Happy the heart 'where graces reign. 

I. Wattt. [Love to God.] 1st pub. in his 
Hys. & 8. Songs, 1707 (2nd ed. 1709, Bk. ii., 
No. 38), in 5 st, of 4 1., and en titled, "Love 
to God." Of this hymn st. iv. and the idea 
embodied in st. v. had previously appeared 
in- Watts's hymn, " *Tis pure delight without 
alloy," given in his Sons Lyricte, 1706, st. 
iii- iv. ft is in extensive use in G. Britain 
and America. [J. J.] 

Happy the man who [that] finds the 
grace. O. WetUy. [Happiness in Forgive- 
not.] Appeared in Syt. for (hose that seek 
and thote that have Redemption, Ac, 1747, 
No. 18, in 9 st. of 4 1., and based on Prov. iii, 
13, &c (P. TFbrfcs, 1868-72, vol. iv. p. 234). 
Iu the Wet. H. Bk., 1780, it was given with 
the omission of st. iv., v., viii., as "Happy 
the man that nods the grace.' 1 Most of the 
forms of this hymn in use in G. Britain and 
America are based upon this text of 1780. 

[J.J.]' 

Happy the soul* that first believed. 

C. We»hy. [Primitive Christianity.] 1st pub. 
st the end of An Harnett Appeal to Men of 
Beaton and Religion, by J. Wesley, If. A., 1743, 
in 30 st. of 4 ] , divided into tiro parts; and 
again in Hys. & Sac. Poems, 1749, No. 246 (P. 
Works, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 479). In 1780 J, 
"Wesley compiled two centos therefrom, and 



HARCOURT, WILLIAM V. 

included them in the Wet. H. Bk. as : — (1) 
"Happy the souls that first believed"; and 
(2) "Jesus, from Whom all blessings flow." 
These centos are repeated in the revised ed., 
1875, Nos, 18, 17, and in severul other collec- 
tions. [J. J.] 

Harbaugh, Henry, d.d„ h. in Franklin 

Co., Pennsylvania, Oct. 24, 1817, was of Swiss 
descent. In earl; life he was a farmer, car- 
penter, and teacher ; but in 1840 he entered 
Marshall College, Mereersbnrg. Bnteringtbe 
ministry of the German Reformed body, he 
became, in 1844, Pastor at Lewisburg, Lan- 
caster and Lebanon, Pennsylvania, and in 
1864 Professor in Theology at Mercersburg. 
He d. Dec. 27, 1867. He was Editor of the 
Guardian and the Wercersfcurjf Review, in 
which he advocated what was called " Mer- 
cersburg Theology," His published works 
include sundry books about Heaven ; Poemt, 
Phila., 1860, and Syt. * Chants for Sunday 
Schools, Lebanon, 1861. This last includes 
his hymns. The best known and most widely 
used of his compositions are : — 

1. Jem*, I lira to Thee. [Life consecrated to 
Jetvt.] This hymn is dated 1850. It is No. 391 
in the By*, of the Church, N. Y., 1869 ; No. 255 
in Allon's Suppl. Hys., Lond., 1868, and is also 
ia other collections. 

1. God mast miflty, sovereign Lord. [National 
Hymn.] Appeared in his Poemt, 1860, in 8 St. 
of 8 1., and headed, "A National Litany hymn." 
In some collections it is abridged, as in Hatfield's 
Church H. Bk., N, 7., 1872, No. 1307 ; and ia 
others part of it is altered to " Christ by heavenly 
hosts adored," aa in the Reformed Dutch Hys. 
of the Church, 1869, No. 935, and others. 

ft. Kike tiia oroos yonx meditation, [Passion- 
tide.] This tr. of " Reoordare sonctae crucis" 
(q,v.) appealed in the ifercertburg Review, 1858, 
p. 481, uud in his Poems, 1860. It is worthy of 
more attention than it has received. 

[F. M. BJ 

Harbottle, Joseph, was b. at Tottlebank, 
near Ulverston, Sept 25, 179a In 1819 he 
joined the Baptist Church at Tottlebank (of 
which his father was the pastor), and shortly 
afterwards began to preach. In 1822 he went 
to reside with Dr. Steadman, President of the 
Baptist College at Horton, near Bradford, and 
for a time was teacher of classics in that insti- 
tution. He subsequently became Pastor at 
Accrington, and in 1841 one of the Tutors of 
a small Baptist College in Uiat town. At 
Accrington and Oswakttwistle, in the neigh- 
bourhood, he continued to minister until his 
death, Jan. 19, 1864. Mr. Harbottle wrote 
several hymns. One appeared in the Cbmprs- 
ftens«Ve.Eippon(1844), "See how the fruitless 
flgtree stands "(Invitation). Another, " Fare- 
well, my friends beloved " . (Departure of 
Friends), is much sung at valedictory meet- 
ings among the Baptists in G. Britain and 
America. His other hymns are inferior in 
quality, and have not been included in any 
popular Collection. [W, R. S.] 

Harcourt, William Vernon, m.a,, a of 
Archbishop Harcourt of York, was b. at 
Sudbury Hall, Derbyshire, in 1789, and edu- 



HABDENBEKG, G. F. P. VON 

cated at Oxford. Taking Holy Orders he 
became, in 1823, Rector of Ktrkhy-in-Cleve- 
Und, and Canon Residentiary of York ; and 
in 1S37, Rector of Bolton Persy. On the 
death of bis elder brother iu 1861, he suc- 
ceeded to the family property, Nnnebam Park, 
Oxfordshire. He <L in 1871. In 1840 he 
pnb. a volume of Ptalmt A Hymn*, and in 
1855 his Symmetrical Ptalmody. This latter 
work is one of the curiosities of hymnody. 
Hie version of Pa. cxMvi, " Thank the Lorf 
Who made the earth," U in Lyra Brit., 1867; 
Martineau's Hymns, 1873, and others. [J. J.] 

Hardenberg, Gteorg Friedxich 
Philipp von, was & of Baron Heinrioh 
TJlrioh Erasmus von Hwdenberg, director of 
tike Saxon Saltworks at Weissenfels. He was 
b. Hay 2, 1772, at his father's estate of Wider* 
sledt or Ober-Wiedeistad, near Eisleben. In 
the aiitnmn of 1790 he entered the University 
of Jena, then went to Leipzig 1 , and finally to 
Wittenberg. After concluding hie studies, he 
went, in the end of 1791, to Tennstadt, near 
Erfurt, in order to learn administrative busi- 
ness under Krefs&mtmann Just. In the autumn 
of 1797 he entered the School of Mines at 
Freiberg in Saxony, and iu the autumn of 
1799 went to Artern, at the foot of tho Kyff- 
htLuser-Berg, to be employed in the saltworks 
there. Soon after he began to spit blood, and 
while on a visit to Dresden the news of the 
sudden death of a younger brother, in Nov. 
1800, brought on a hemorrhage which de- 
stroyed all hopes of bis recovery. la January, 
1601, ho was removed to the house of his 
parents at Weissenfels, and d. there March 
25, 1801. (Koch, vli. 4-9 j Ala. DeuUclie 
Biog., x. 562-570; Blatter fUr Hymnologie, 
1884, 3-6, Ac.) 

Hardenberg's virions writings appeared under the 
name of Varolii (apparently taken hum the natus of 
cm el tin family estates), which he flrat adopted In 
bis BtBthoutmib, pub. In the Attenawn, Brunswick, 
1»S ; and It ii as WnvaUt that he fa beet known. He 
was one of the leaden of the Romantic School which 
arose in Germany In the last years of the 18th cent.] 
and of whkh hla flrlenda F. and A. W. Schlegel, Fouque 
and Tieck are the beat known members. It fi, however, 
by hla hymns that be will probably beat bo remembered. 
TVy arose in the time of deep sorrow into which he 
waacaaton the death of his betrothed Sophie von Ktlhn. 
when hla thoughts turned to the faith of hla childhood 
(bis father and mother wen Moravians, and hla early 
education was Imparted by a Moravian pastor) ; and 
when from toe barren religiosity of the latter days of 
Illumination hla soul found Its strength and solace in 
loving surrender to the Fenon of our Blessed Lord. 
His hymns, is In all, are distinguished by beauty of 
rhythm and lyric grace. While eome have been Included 
in recent German hymn-books (e.g. Xos. Sl.-iv, In the 
Berlin a. B., 1828, through the influence of F. Schleler- 
maeher), yet for Church use they are too subjective, 
and hi some coses even too sentimental. They must be 
maided as beautiful, and deeply spiritual poems, 
rather than as bynnie suited for public worship. Some 
of them ort not altogether free from Pantheistic ten- 
dencies. The IBsrieMto&nr (i.e. the hymns to the B. V. 
31.) wen not intended by himself to be published among 
his hymns, bat were meant to be inserted iu hla un- 
Pmtshed romance of J&for&fc von Gfter&ingcn, ae hymns 
of pilgrims to the shrine of the II. V. M. at Loretto in 
Italy. Seven of bia hymns were sent, on Jan. 28, 1808, 
to V. Schlegel for publication In the Aihmaum. They 
did not however appear till In the Mittetuilmtuuiehftlr 
dot Jahr ISM, pub. at Tubingen, 1*02. The rest of 
hla hymnawere pub. lh his SchrtyUn, Berlin, 1802. A 
handy little ed. of Ms Bedichlt, with a critical and bio- 

Elesi sketch by W. Bsyecblag, appeared in ibab 
ed. 1817). Since the publication of T. Csrlyle'a 
on Novalit In 1S29, numerous " Studies " have 
appeared In English and American reviews and maga- 



HABDENBERG, G. F. P. VON 485 

tines ; and some of these may contain translations not 
noted below, 

Hardenberg's hymns, all of which have been 
rendered into English, are as follows :— 

I. Hymn* in EngUth C. V. 

L Iah utf as Jedem, dsss er leli. Muster. In 
his Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 149, in 8 st. of 4 I, 
Repeated in the Wiirttemberg Q. B, t 1842, No, 
165. Tr. as :— 

I ssy to all men, fcr and near, in full, by Miss 
Winkworth in her Lyra <Jer., 2nd Ser., 1858, 
p. 40. In full in Kennedy, 1863 ; and in vary- 
ing centos in America in the Dutch Ref. Hys. of 
the Church, 1869 ; Bapt. Probe Bi., 1871 ; Hgs. 
# Song* of Prate, K. Y., 1874, &c. 

Othertn.ua: (1) u I say to every one, He llvei," by 
Helen Lowe, in her Zartefa, 18M, p. IBS. (2) "To 
every one I say," by Dr. J. F. Hurst, fn bis tr. of K. 
K. Hagenbscb'aifiK. o/(*eCTi«re* IS and is eenrurtei, 
" " IMS, vol. It. p. sss. (3) " I say to each man that 
K. Bramat ~ *- " l * 



M. Y, 

He lives," by M. 



nston, tn the Day of Rat, 1875, 



p. w. (4) "He ilves! He's risen ipom the dead," by 
Dr. O. Uacdonald, tn his jEwfict, 1878, p. W. (The 
hymn " He lives I He lives I let Joy again, by Sir John 
Bowring, fn J. K. Beard's Coll., 1831, Ho. 116, seems 
based on this German.] 

il, Waa w'ix ieh ohne dish gewesan, The Low 
of Christ. Jfusenalmantieh, 1802, p. 189, and 
his Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 123, in 10 st. of 
8 1. Included in various German hvmn-books, 
and is No. 1562 in the Berlin G. L. &, ed. 1863. 

It Is said that shortly after the death of tfovalta fats 
father was present at a Moravian service st Hemibut 
during which this hymn wss eung. When he asked 
who wss the author of this wonderfully beautiful hymn, 
be waa greatly moved on receiving the reply, "Your 
eon." And then iu a moment It became clear to bun 
that the Clirlst who had been the Crown and Star of his 
besrt ever since hie youth, was also his sou's Saviour 
and Deliverer, though he had sought and found Him by 
a different way. 

The trs. in C. U, are :— 

1. What had I been if Thou wert net, a free tr. 
of st. i.-iii., viii., v., by Miss Winkworth, in her 
Lyra Oct., 1st Ser., 1855, p. 96. Centos from 
this ore : — 

(1) lord I when Then msk'it Thy presents fblt (st 
lil.) in the Swedenborglan Col!., 1880. 

(ij Than Strang; and levins; God in man (st. lv.), in 
J/ys. of the &>*rti. Boston, VS., 18W. 

(31 Than Btrong and loving Bon of Kan (at. iv.), In 
H. L, Heetlnga's Bymnal, Boston, U^., ibbO. 

I. Without Thee, lerd, what had we been, a 
paraphrase or transfusion in 3 st. of 8 1., by Dr. 
W. L. Alexander, written about 1830, but first 
pub. in the 2nd ed., 1S58, of his Set. of Hys,, 
Ko. 323. 

Other tn. an : (l) " What might I not have bren 
without Thee," by Helen Lowe, in her frtipAecy of Ha- 
Icuan, 1841, p. 218. (2) "What without Thee, would I 
have been," by Dr. a. MWt, 1S« (185«, p. 78). (3) 
" Without Thef , what were I worth being/' by Dr. O. 
Macdonald, In Good ITorda, 1871, p. B46. Thence (as 
" Without Thee what were alt my being "), In bis 
Emtio, 1818, p. 3, 

fit, Venn alia u&treu wardan. Zone to Christ. 
Mvsenalmanach, 1802, p. 200, nnd his Schriften, 
1802, pt. it. p. 136, in 4 st. of 8 t. Included in 
the Berlin O. B., 1829 ; the Berlin O. L. 8., ed. 
1863, Ko. 1563, 4c Ii-. as :— 

Though all flu world forsake Thee, a fTee tr., in 
8 st. of 4 ]., by J. S. Stattybrass, as No. 417 in 
Curwon's Sabbath II. Bi., 1 859. 

Other trs. are: (l)"Tho' allmeh faith had banished," 
by Helen Lowe, In her Fropbtey of Balaam, 1B41, p. 
222 ; and thence in Ijym Aicharfftfca, 1884, p. 100. 
(2) " Though all to Thee were bitbleaa," by Mitt Wink- 
worHi, 1865, p. IBS. (3) "Though all were faithless to 
Thee," by M. E. Bramaton, In the Bay of Sett, 1B7B, 



486 HARDENBERG, G. V. P. VON 

p. 68. (4) " My foifh to Thee 1 break not," by Dr. a. 
Macdanald, In his Etotkt, lilt, p. is. 

iv, 'Wain ioh Hut nur halm, Jasits onty. Ma- 
senalmanach, 1802, p. 199, and his Schriften, 
1302, pt. ii. p. 134, in 5 at. of 6 1. In various 
recent German hymn-books, as th« Wiirttemberg 
G. £., 1S42, the Berlin £. i. 5., ed. 1863, No. 
1564, &c. Zh as:— 

K I Him tint have, by Dr. 0, MncJonaU, as 
No. 172 in the Manchester S. S. if. Bk., 1855 
(aee Bnliar), and in his own Exotica, 1876, p. 13. 

Other tea, are i (i) " If I lisvo only Him," by Helen 
Lowe, fn her Prophecy of *a!saitt, 1811, p. 231, re- 
peated in J#ro KkiiioBica. law, p. 207. (2) " Oh ! 
could my soul possess His love," by JKw JVy, 1848, 
p, 114, (») " If I only have Thee,'' by Dr. 0. W. 
llethune, in hts Lays of Love and Faith, IS4T, p. 13ft. 
(4) " If only He is mine," by Miss Borthwlck, in H. 
L. h., 1899, p. 54. (B) " If I have Christ, and Christ be 
mine," by Br. G. Walker, I860, p. £2. (a) " If I trust 
In dud alone," by Frederic* M. Rowan, in her Medit. en 
i)eath and Eternity, 1882, p. 88. 

IL Hymns not in English C. U 

v. E« glebt to bangs Zriten. The Unchanging, 
fichrifttn, isaa, pt. 11. p. 148, in If at The trt. are: 
(1) "How dark the ee&soua lour," by Helen Lowe, in 
her Zaretfa, 1844, p. 164. (2) " There are dark hours 
of sadness," by Madame L. Dave&iea de Pontes, In her 
■Poefj and Poetry of Germany, 1858, li. p. 408. (3) 
" There be such dreary seasons," by M. E. firamston, in 
tiic Day of Sett, 18)8, p. 88. (*) " The times arc all so 
■wretched," by Or. G. JfocdonaH 1818, p. 24. 

vi. Fern im Osten wild ea hells. Cht \s tunas . Jftuen* 
oJuhhkkA, 1802, n. 193, and bis Schriften, 1802, pt. 11, 
p. 128, in 8 Bt. The trt. are : (1) " Afar the Eastern 
»ky is glowing," by Helen Lowe, In her prephtey uf 
Balaam, 1841, p. 218, and Lyra Mutianica, 1884, p. 
81. (2) " Dawn, for Eastward on the mountain," by 
Dr. Q. Maodonald, In Good Words, 1873, p. 110, and his 
JSxotics. 1816, p. T. 

vtt, Ich sens dioh in tauseud KUem, B. Y. IT. 
Schriften, 18*1, pt. li. p. 1ST, in 8 1. Tr. as: (1) "In 
many a form I see thee oft," by Helen Lowe, in ber 
Prophecy of Balaam, 18-11, p. 220. (2) "In countless 
pictures I behold thee," by Br. O. JTacdtmaid, 1878, 
p. 38. 

viii. Ioh weiss nioht was ich auahen ktfnnte. Desire 
for Christ. Schriften, 1802, pt. il. p. 147, in 12 at. 
The trt. are: (U "I Itnow not what I could desire," by 
Helen Lowe, fn her Prophecy of Balaam, 1841, p. 323, 
and Lyra. Myttlea, 1864, p. 218. (2) "How could I 
wish a greater treasure," by Or. S. Millt, 1B4& (1656, 
p. 72). (3) " I know not one hope left to draw me," by 
Br. G. MacdtmaU, 1816, p. 26. (4) "What better 
good could e'er befall me," by It. Mosaic, in the Da-y of 
Rest, 1878, p. 111. (M " I know not what I more should 
long for," by F. W. Young, in the Christian Monthly, 
I860, n. Goo. 

is. wnter tsusend fcchen Stunden. Cbnunun«™ with 
God. MuicnaUnanacli, 1802, p. 197, and his Schriften, 
1802.pt. li. p. 122, in 4 et. The trt. are: (1) "Of all 
the golden hours whose light," by Helen Lowe, in her 
Prophecy of Balaam, 1811, "p. 230. (a) "All my 
world was struck with storm" (st. ii.), by M, E. Rram- 
ston.inthe BayafKcst, 1876, v. 85. C8)"Ofathou- 
sand hours me meeting," by Or. G* Mxcdonald, 1870, 
p. 11. 

x. Weinsn muss ieh, imraar weinen, Pasttontide. 
Schriften, 1802, pt. li. p. 141, in 7 St. TV. as, " Weep 
I mast — my heart runs over," by Dr. G. Macdanald, 
18)8, p. 20. 

xi. Wenige wissen das Gehelmniss der Liefee. Holy 
Ccntta.vm.ion,. Maienalmanaeh, 1802, p. 202, and Schrif- 
ten, 1802, pt. U. p. 138, in 2 st. TV, as, " Few under- 
stand the mystery of love," by Br. a. Moxdotsald, 1878, 
p. 17. 

xii. Wentt in Dangen, txliben Stnnden, /it sorrow. 
Schriften, 1802, pt. iL p. 1D3, In 2 Bt, The grs.arc; 

il) " When in boars of pain and anguish," by Maduno 
i, Davesies de Pontes, m ber Poett and Poetry of Ger- 
many, 1858, it, p. 407. (2) K When In dreary, mournful 
hours," by Lady John Manners, in her Q&nt of Germ&n 
Poetry, 1805>, p. 14. (3) " When In boare of fear and 
Billing," by Or. G. JKocdotiaJd, tS70, p. 32. 

xiii. "Wbt einmal, Hotter dieh erbtiokt, B. V. M. 
Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 1S4, in 8 at. IV, as, "Who 
once hath seen tbee, mother ftir," by Dr. O. Maalmala, 
18T«, p. 33. 



HARK, HARK, MY SOUL 

xiv. Ter euuam librt in seiner Eammer. Christ 
the Cbnwter. MutenatmanatA, 1802, p. 108, and tria 
Schrifien, 1802, pt. II. p. 130, in 8 st. Te, is, " Who in 
bis chamber eltteth lonely," by Dr. Q. Macdonald, In 
Good Words, 1872, p. 384, and hia Exotics, 1878, p. 8. 

xv. "Wo tuathit an, Treat der ganwn Wdt. Advent. 
Schriften, 1802, pt. il. p. 160, in 12 st. Tr. as, " Earth's 
Consolation, why so slow," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1878, 
p. 28. 

Besides the above he had previously pub. a 
eertea of poems entitled "Hymneu un die 
Naoht " in the A thenieum, a magaziiie edited 
by- A. W. Sohlegel and F. Schlegel, where 
thej appear in vol. iii., pt. iL, pp. 188-204, 
Berlin, 1800. They are a wonderful picture 
of the " night " of Borrow Into which lie was 
plunged at the death of his betrothed on 
March 19, 1797. There are five poems la 
prose, with interspersed verse, the sixth being 
in verse. The longer poems in veise-form 
are; — 

1. Das fnrChtbar xn den frohen TTscben tout. 

2. Gebobeu 1st der Stdn. 

3. Hinttbcr wall' icb. 

4. Hhiuntcr In der Bnle Scboos, 

There is a complete tr. by Henry Morley in 
his Dream of the JAlyheU, &c„ London, 1845. 
No. 2 has also been tr. by Dr. G-. Macdonald in 
his Threefold Cord, 1883, p. 25G; and No. 4 
by Helen Lowo in her Proplmy of Balaam, 
1811, p. 226 (Lyra Mystica, 1861, p. 220). 

[J. M.] 

Hark, a voice divides the sky. G. 

Wesley. [Burial.] Pub. in Hyt. ac 8. Foeaa, 
1742, in 5 at. of 8 i. (P. Worhi, 1868-72, vol. ii. 
p. 189). In 1780 it was given with slight al- 
terations in the Wee. H. Bk. ns No. 50, and 
repeated in the revised ed. 1875, No. 51. This 
is tho text which is uemlly followed in Gt. 
Britain and America. It is sometimes fonnd 
in an abbreviated form, as in Martioean's 
Rumns, 1840 and 1873. [J. J.] 

Hari£, for 'tis God's own Son that 
calls.- P. Doddridge. [Freedom in Christ.] 
lat pub. by J. Orton in his posthumous ed. of 
Doddridge's Spouts, &e„ 17S5, No. 226, in 5 st 
of 4 1., and hended, " True Liberty given by 
Christ Jesus, Jobn viii. 36," and again, with 
sliglit alterations, in J. D. Humphreys's ed. 
of tho same, 18S9, No. 250. In O. TJ. st ii. is 
usually omitted. In tho Leeds S. Bk., 1853, 
No. 618, it begins, "Hark, for the Son of 
God now calls," and is reduced to 3 stanzas. 

[J. JJ 

Hark, from the tombs a doleftd 
[warning] sound. I. Wattt. [Burial.'] 
1st pub. itt bis Hys. & S. Songs, 1707 (ed. 1709, 
Bk. ii., No. 63), in 4 tt. of 4 1., and entitled, 
"A Funeral Thought." Its use is mainly 
confined to America, where it is sometimes 
given as, " Hork, from the tombs a warning 
sound," as in tho Bapt. Praise Bk., 1871. 

[J. J.] 

Hark, hark, my soul ; Angelic songs 

ara swelling, i*. W. Faber. [Evening^ 
Pub. in his Oratory Hymns, 1854, and again in 
his Hymns, 1862, p. 385, in 7 st of 4 1., and 
entitled, " The PilgrimB of the Night." _ Five 
stanzas in an altered form were given in the 
Append, to //, A. & M., 1868, No. 325. By this 
means the hymn was brought prominently 
before the public, and became exceedingly 



HABK, HABK, TSH ORGAN 

popular fat a time Its unreality, however, 
has excluded it from many of the best modern 
collections. In theltt. o/Prawr^ Praise/or 
use in Sir Josiah Mason's Orphanage, Erding- 
ton, 1883, No. 293, beginning, " Hark, hark, 
my soul, thy Father's voice is calling," is an 
imitation of this hymn. It is also in Alton's 
Children's Worship, 1878, No. 231. [J. J.] 

Hark, hark, the organ loudly peals. 
G. Thring. ^Professional} Written in 1862, 
and 1st pnb. in bis By*. Oongregational, and 
Other*, 1866, p. 45, in 5 st of 9 1., and given 
Us "Trinity Sunday." It has passed into 
several modern hymn-books in G. Britain and 
America, and~ia often nsed at Choral festivals, 
for which it is admirably adapted. Authorised 
text in Mr. Taring's (Ml., 1882, No. 302. 

[J.J-] 

Hark, how all the welkin rings. 
O, Wesley. [Christmas.'] 1st pub. in Hys. tfj 
Sac. Poems, 1739, and again, in a revised form, 
io a new ed. of the same, 1743, in 10 st. of 
4 1., and headed, "Hymn for Christmas Day." 
The form in which it is known to modem 
hymn-books hoe a somewhat intricate history. 
In G. Whitefleld's Coll., 1753, No. 31, it was 
given with tho omission of st. viii. and x. as : 

" Hark, the herald angels sing 
Glory to the new-born Kiu&" 

This text, with additional changes, was re- 
peated in M. Madan's P». & Uy»^ 1760, No. 8, 
in 8 st; R. Coiiyere*s Coll., 1774, No. 335, in 
4 bt. of 8 1. ; in Do Courcy's Coll., 1775, No. 30, 
in 6 st ; in Rowland Hill's CWf.,1783,No. 201, 
in 6 St.; and in Hymns added to the New 
Version (q.v.), in 3 st of 8 1., with the first 
two lines added as a refrain to eaeh stanza. 
As this is tbe popular form of the hymn and 
is in O. U. in all English-speaking countries, 
a comparison with C. Wesley's revised text of 
1743 will be of value:— 



HARK, HOW ALL THE 487 



5. ■■ Hal! tho heavenly 
Prince of Peace ! 
HalltbeSunofBlght- 



<!. Wesley, 1143. 
' Hark,bow ail the wel- 
kin rings 

' Glory to tbe King oi 
Kings, 

Peace on earth and 
mercy mild, 

God and sinners re- 
conciled.' 



' Joyful, nil yo nations, 

rise, 
Join the triumph of 

the skies ; 
Universal nature say 
'Christ the Lord is 

born to-day." 



• Christ, by highest 
heaven adored, 

Christ, tbe everlast- 
ing Lord, 

tate In tlrne behold 
bJmcome 

Offspring of a Vir- 
gin's womb. 



'TeU'd in flesh, the 

Godhead see, 
Hail the Incarnate 

Deity I 
Pleased as man with 

men to appear 
Jesus ! our Immanwl 

here! 



Rook of C. Prayer. 
"Hoik ' tae herald ctn- 
gcli ting, 

Glorytotho tnew-bwn 
King; 

Peace on earth sod 
mercy mild, 

God and sinners re- 
conciled: 

Joyful all ye nations 
rise. 

Join the triumph of 
tbe skies, 

'With JV angelic host 
proclaim. 

Chritt is Com fn Beth- 
lehem. 
Warts the herald 
angels," &c 

" Christ by highest 

heav'n ador'd, 
Christ the everlasting 

Lord, 
I^te in time behold 

Him come. 
Offspring of a Virgin's 

womb: 
Veil'd in flesh the God- 
head 'Be, 
Hail th' Incarnate 

JMty. 
Pieea'd as man with 

man appear, 
Jesus our Immanucl 

here. 
'Hark the herald 
angets" kc 



Light and life to all 
he brings, 
i with I 



healing in 
His wings. 



'Mild He lays Hie 

glory by, 
Born — that man no 

more may die. 
Born — to raise the 

sons of earth, 
Bom — to fdve them 

second birth. 



"Hail the lAear/n-oom 
Prince of Peace ! 

Hail the Sun of Right- 
eousness! 

Light and life to all 
He brings, 

Rls'n with nesting In 
His wings : 

Mild Ho lays His glory 
by, 

Bom that mannomore- 
maydie; 

Born to raise the sons 
of earth, 

Bom to give them se- 
cond birth. 
SHarle, Ot herald 
angels," fce. 



From this point Wesley's hymn proceeds 
as follows :— 

8, " Adam's likeness, 

Lord, efface; 
Stamp Thy image In 

its place i 
Second Adam from 

above. 
Reinstate us In Thy 

love. 

10, " Let us Thee, tbuugh 
lost, regain, 

Then the Life, the 
Inner Man ; 

O! to all Thyself Im- 
part, 

Form'd In each be- 
lieving heart." 



' Come, Desire of Na- 
tions, come, 

Fix in us Thy hum- 
ble horde; 

Else, tbe woman's 
conquering Seed, 

Bruise in us the ser- 
pent's head. 

1 How display Thy 

saving power, 
Ituin'd nature now 

restore; 
Now iu mystic union 

Join 
Thine to ours, and 

ours to Thine, 



Tke alterations indicated by the italics in 
the Hymns to tho New Version text are — 
'Whitejield, 1753; > Modem, 17G0; 'Hymns 
added to the New Version [Hew Version, 
§ ii.] This text has been repeated in nu- 
merous collections to the present time ; and, 
sometimes with, and at outer times without 
the refrain, is the most popular form of tho 
hymn. In II. A. & M., 1861 and 1875; The 
Ilymnary, 1872; Thring, 1882, and many 
others, st, ii., 11. 5-8, reads:— 

" Veiled In flesh the Godhead see 1 
Hall the Incarnate Deity ! 
Pleased as Han with man to dwelt, 
Jesus, our Emmanuel " [here omitted]. 

These alterations, now generally accepted, 
were given in J. Kempthorne'a Select Portions 
of Piahns, &e., 1810, No. 27, but they are 
possibly older than that collection. 

Seventy years after the hymn was adopted 
by M. Hadan, the Wesley an Conference em- 
bodied it in tho Stippl. to the We>. H. Bk., 
1830, Ho. 002; and repeated it in tho revised ed, 
1875, No. 083. This is Madan's text with the 
omission of st. ii. of Wesley's original, which 
was also at. ii. of Madan's arrangement. Other 
forms of the hymn aro in C. IT., the character 
of which may be determined by a comparison 
with the original as above. 

One of several attempts which have been 
made to improve upon Wesley, and have failed 
to gain general acceptance, was that of T. 
Ootlerill, in the various editions of his Bel. 
from 1810 to 1820. The opening stanza 
reads: — 

" Hsrkl tke herald angeli sing. 
Glory to the new-bom King ,- 
Glory in the highest heaven, 
reave on earth and manfitrgimn." 

In this stanza, lines 1, 2 are WJiiteJlelcCs 
alterations ; and a, 4 are by ColleriU. In a 
limited number of hymn-books st. vii.-ix. are 
given as a separate hymn, beginning, "Come, 



486 



HABK, HOW THE 



Desire of Nations, come." In Bingham's 
Hymno. Christ. Latino, 1871, p. JflO, the text 
as in H. A. & iff., but without the refrain, 
is rendered into Latin as : "Audite! tollunt 
cnrmina." The tr. iu Biggs's Annotated H. 

A. AM., 1867, p. 49, " PsaJlunt nascentis un- 
goli," is by A- J. B. Beresford-Hopc 

The use of this hymn in its various forms 
has extended to ell English-speaking coun- 
tries. It is found in a greater number of hymn- 
books, both old and new, than any other or C. 
Wesley's compositions ; and, amongst English 
hymns, it is equalled in popularity onW by 
Toplady's "Bock of Ages" and Bp. Ken's 
Morning and Evening hymns, and is excelled 
by none. In literary merit it fulls little, if 
anything, short of this honour. [J. J.] 

Hark, how the watchmen cry. C. 
Wesley. "[.Old and Nete Year.'] This U No. 8 
of 19 "Hymns for the Watchnight," pub. in 
Hys. A Soared Poems, 1749, vol. ii„ No. 91, in 
12 st of 8 1. (P. Works, 1868-72, toI. v. 
p. 271.) From this hymn the following centos 
ore in C. U. : — 

1. Hark, hair the watchmen erf. This Is com- 
posed of st. 1., IL, It., end vi., and wis given In the WW. 

B. Bit , 1130, No. MS (ed. IsH, No. 314}. It is found in 
several modem collections. 

V. Aug els you* march oppos*. This embodies st. 
vli,-x.,and was given as the 2nd part of "Hark, bow 
the watchmen cry," in the Wit. B. Bit., USA, No. 306 
(ed. lStS, No. 816). It li In several modem collections. 

Si Angels our march oppose. Tbbi. as given In a 
few American hymn-books iu 2 st. of 8 1., or * at. of 4 I. 
It is compiled from st. vll., vl., viil., li. In the order 
named. 

4. Our Captain leads us on. In Byt. and Smgt o/ 
Praise, K. 1, 18tl. [J. J.] 

Hark, In the presence of our God, 

A. Midlane. [Angels' joy uvtr repenting Sin- 
ners.] Written iu tk-ptember, 1812, and pub. 
in the Youth's Magazine, Nov. 1812, in 6 st. 
of i 1., and entitled "The Returning Sinner." 
In 1865, it was included in the author's Gos- 
pel Echoes, No. 157, and is in a limited num- 
ber of Mission hymn-books. It has the special 
interest of being the author's first printed 
hymn. [J. J.] 

Hark, my [dull] soul, how every- 
thing. J. Austin. [Praise of Creation.] Pub. 
in his Devotions in the Antient Way of Offices, 
&c., 1668, p. 88, No. vi., as tho hymn for 
Monday at Lauds. [Bee reprint of the 5th 
ed., 1717, pub. by Masters in 1856] It is in 

C. U. in three forms : — 

1. TOeoriginalinl'anietrein Holder's (Jong. Bymnt, 
1BS4, No. till ; the American Jtapt. Praite Hie., mi, 
No. Ht, and others. 

5. Bark, my doll aoul, haw evaxyUuns;. This 
was rewritten in uv. probably by J. Wesley, and was 
riven In his I*t. <e Byt., pub. at CharleBtowu, South 
Carolina, 1136-1, p. 69, in 1 sLof 41. It is seldom found 
tn modern collections. 

S. Harhvuul aoul, haw avarr&fiig;. This was given 
in the original metre, in G. WhiteneW'e CoU., ilss, No. 
S3, In 4 st. ; In M. Madau's Pi, <c Byt., lHO, No. 101, tn 
t St., and la other old hymn-books. It is rarely met 
with in modern collections. [J, JM 

Hark, my aoul, it is the lord. W. 

Cowper. [Divine Love.] Pub. in Maxfield's 
New Appendix, 1768, and again in the Gospel 
Magazine, August, 1771, in 6 st. of 1 I., and 
signed " Omega." In 1774 it wss included in 
E. Coiiyens'B CM., No. 53 ; and in 1779 in the 
Olney Hymns, Bit. i.. No. 118. It rapidly nt- 
taint-d great popularity with hymn-Look com- 
pilers; and is found at the present lime in 



HABK, TEN THOUSAND 

most of the high-class hymnals in all English* 
speaking countries. If is a lyric of great 
tenderness and beauty, and ranks as one of 
Gowper'g best hymns. [See Oowpar, Tf.] In 
Kennedy, 1863, No. 60S, the opening line 
is mutilated into " Hearken, soul, it is the 
Lord." This is not repeated elsewhere. The 
original lias been tr. Into several languages, 
including I*iin : H Audin* ? Adest Dominus," 
by John W. Hales, in the Academy, Nov. 3rd, 
1883; and Italian: — "Senti, senti, atrima 
mes," by W. E. Gladstone, in the Nineteenth 
Century, 1683. [J. J.J 

Hark, round the God of love. if. F. 
Lyte. {Worship o/ Children acceptable to 
God.] Printed anonymously in W. Carus 
Wilson's Magazine, The Children's Friend, 
1838, in 4 st. or 4 1, It was reprinted in 
the "Memoir" prefixed to Lyte's Remains, 
1850, as a specimen of his Sunday School 
hymns. It is found iu W. P. Stevenson's Hys. 
for the Church * Home, 1873, o. 45; Alton's 
Children's Worship, 1878, No. 29 ; the Meth. 
8. 8. H. Bk., 1879. No. 543 (nrig. text> and 
others. Although peculiar in metre and 
defeetivo in rhyme, U is admirably adapted 
to Sunday Schools, [W. T. B.] 

Hark, she bids all her friends adieu. 

J. Watts. [Death and Heaven.] Pub. in his 
Horss Lyrkm, 1706, Bk. ill., in 8 st. of 4 1., 
anJ headed, " On the Sudden Death of Mrs. 
Mary Peacock. An Elegiac Song tent in a 
Letter of Condolence to Mr. N, P., Merchant 
at Amsterdam." In its lull form it is not in 
G. IT. ; but, with the omission of st. i. and 
viii., it was included in H. W. Beecher's 
Plymouth Coll., 1855, No. 1221, as " Farewell, 
bright soul, a short farewell." [J. J.] 

Hark, ten thousand harps and 
voices. T. Kelly. [Praise to Jesus.] 1st 
pub. in his Hymns, Ac, 2nd ed., 1806, in 7 st 
of 6 1., and headed with the text " Let all tho 
angels of Ood worship Him." In 1812 it 
was included in his Hys. adapted for Social 
Worship, No. 7, but subsequently it was 
restored to the original work (ed. 1853, No. 
42). Its use is mainly confined to America, 
where it is given in several collections, in- 
cluding Songs for the Sanctuary, 1865, &c. 
In most cases it Is abbreviated. [J. J.] 

Hark, ten thousand voices cry. T, 

Kelly. [Easter, or Ascensiontide.] 1st pub. 
in the 2nd ed. of his flymns, &c, 1806, in 1 st. 
of 4 1. in 7's metre ; 4 st. of 4 L in 87, 87 
metre, and tho chorus : — 

" Then haste, ye saints, your tribute bring, 
And crown Him everlasting King." 

(Ed. 1853, No. 27.) This peculiarity of con- 
struction was overlooked by Elliott, who gave 
it with the omission of the chorus in his Fs. 
& Hys., 1835, as a complete hymn in 7's; 
and the Editors of the Leeds H. Bk., 1853, 
as 87, 5. In the Irish Church Hymnal, 1873, 
No. 199, the first stanza is rewritten : — 
" Hark, ten thousand voices founding 

Fxr and wide throughout the sky, 

'Tit the void of joy abounding, 

Jesut livet, no more to die.'* 

and the irregularity of metre is thereby over- 
come. In some collections, inclnding Kennedy, 
1863, No, 964, it begins with st. ii. : « Jesus 
comes, His conflict over." [J. J.] 



HABE ! THE GLAD SOUND 

Harkt the glad sound, the Saviour 
flomes. P. Doddt+fys. rjdtwr,] Dr. Dod- 
dridge's original ms, of this hymn, now pre- 
served in the Booker "n. mm,," gives the 
following m the text : — 

" xlv. ChllBt'» Message, 

from Lnks iv, ill, 1». 
" Hark the glad Bound I Th« Saviour comet 
The Sevtour promised long 
Let ev*iy Heart prepare a Throne 
And ev'ry Voice a Bona;. 
11 On him Uk Spirit largely pound 
Exert* Ita aacred Fire 
Wladom and Might and Zeal and Lore 
Hie holy Breast Inquire. 
■ Heto»neetbePri»'ners to release 
In Satan't bondage held 
The Owes of Brass before him hunt 
The Iron Fetters yield, 
" He somes from the thick Films of Vice 
To clear the mental Hay 
And on the Eye-Bella of the Blind 
To pour celestial Day. 
" He oomet toe broken Heart to bind 
The Needing Soul to cure 
And wlththeTressnreeof hie Grace 
1' entf oh the humble Poor. 
" Ht> Silver Trumpets publish Uwd 
The /wdlM of the Lonn 
Our Debts are all remitted now 
Our Heritage restored. 
" Our glad JKuatmai, Prince of Peace 
Thy Welcome shall proclaim 
And Heav'ns eternal Arches ring 
With thy beloved Name. 

" D«. M. 1MB." 

From this point tho hjron has a twofold 
history, tbe first Seottieh, and the second 
English. 

L Seottith Hittoru.—l. A copy of this us. 
passed through Robert Blair (q. t.) [see Bod- 
urilfe in Various] into the possession of the 
Committee appointed to prepare the Tram, 
and Paraphratei of the Church of Scotland, 
and by them was included therein a* No. it., 
in 1715, or 10 years after ltd composition, as 
follows ; — 

St. t As shove with], 3 " Let every Heart a Arane 
prepare." 
St. 11. As shove, with 1. 1 " largely ilei," for" pourU." 
SL11L As above, with 1. 1 "to rtUtvt" for "lo re- 
ft.' tv. As above, -with 1. 1" thick aatlei" for "thick 



St. v. As above, with 1. a ' 
St. vi, Ae above. 
St, vIL As above- 



souls " for " soul.' 



2. In 1781, tho new Trant. and Paraphratei 
at the Church of Scotland were published, 
and, as No. xixtx., it appeared thus : — 

St. 1., lL l, I. As above. 

11.3,4. "Letev'rrhesrte»ii«w«aiw > 
and ev*ry voice bs song." 
St. 11., III. Ae above. In 11*9. 
St, Iv, " He comes ! from iarKntog tcala of vice 
to clear the fateord tight v 
And on the eye-balla of the blind 
to pour celestial light." 
St v. As In 1)45, with 1. I "ArarO " for " fteori." 
St. vi. "T%e acred year hat new revalv'd, 
acceded or the Lord, 
When J&avVi hiffK pnmite it fvlftU'd, 
and Itr'el it rettwrd.*' 
St. vii. II. 1,1. ABubove. 

1L 3, 4. " And heave's exalted arcbee ring 
wtth thy atoit Anwttr'd name." 

This form of the hymn received the official 
sanction of the Ohnroh of Scotland, and has 
been in common use in her communion for 
mure than a hundred years. The alterations 
of 17S1 were by W. Cameron. The text must 
be designated "P. Doddridge, 1785, Scottish 



HARK, THE NIGHTLY 489 

3V«, and Par. 1745, and W. Camera* " [see 
Oamemn, W.l 

ii. English BMory. — 1. We hare no record 
of the printing of this hymn in England until 
ten yeats after it appeared in Scotland, when 
Job Orton gave it in hie lsted. of Doddridge's 
(posthumous) Ilymnt, ftc, 1755, No. cciii., and 
with one change only from the original ms.,, 
st iv., L I, reading, " He craes from thickat 
films of vice." 

2. The text of J, D. Humphreys's ed. of 
the Hymns, &c, 1839, No. 226, differs from 
that of Orton only in st. vi, whiah reads : — 

" His stiver trumpets publish loud 
The lerdVe Mgh Jubilee ; 
Our debts are all remitted now. 
Out heritage ft/res," 

8. From the Orton ed. of tho Hymn*, Ac., 
17S5, the hymn has passed in a more or less 
complete form into almost every hymnal of 
note published since 1755, from Conger s's, 1774, 
to the WettmiiuUr Abbey H. Bit., 1883, in the 
Church of England ; Ath A Mvam of 17G9 to 
the Baptid Hymnal of 1879, in the Baptist 
Communion ; and all the leading hymnals of 
other denominations with the unaccountable 
exception of the TFe*. B. Bk, In addition it 
is in_ extensive use in America and other 
English speaking countries. In popular use 
it is the most widely known of Doddridge's 
hymns. 

i. The most popular form of tho text is st. 
i., iii., iv., v., vii., as in the S.P. C. E. Church 
By*., and the By. Comp. That in 4 st in 
a, A. A X., and Thring, is from the earliest 
editions of the Countess of Huntingdon's 
Collection. The reading " to bleu," for "en- 
rich the humble poor, dates from the last 
century, 

5. The merits of this hymn have bren tlins 
referred to by Sir R, Palmer (Lord Selborne) : 
"A more sweet, vigorous, and perfect com- 
position is not to be found even in the 
wltole body of ancient hymns," Fork Church 
Congreu Report, 1866, p. 330. It must be 
pointed, out, however, that st. iv., "He cornea 
from the thick films or vice," is based ou lines 
39, 40 of Pope's Xttnaht-- 

" He from thick films shall purge the visual ray, 
And on the sightless eye-balls pom the day.'^ 

C. Transitions of various forma of the 
hymn have been madu into soveial languages, 
including Latin, in Bingham's Hymno. Christ. 
Latina, 1871, p. 55, '< IiUeta vox ootli resonant 
auras," and in Macgill's Song* of the Christian 
Creed * Life, 1876 and 1879, as " Laeta vox ! 
venit Salvator." [Enflish Hymnedy, Early, 
|«T.] [J. J.] 

Hark, the loud triumphant strains. 
T. Kelly. [JtftssiVms.] 1st pub. in the 3rd ed, 
of his Huron*, ftc., 1809, No. 164, in 3 st. of 
G 1. (ed, 1853. p. 577). In Hatfield's Chttreh 
H. Bk., N. Y„ 1872, No. 303 is based upon 
this hymn ; st. i., II. 1-2, and st ill., 11. 1-2, 
being slightly altered from Kelly, whilst the 
rest of the hymn embodies its train of thoughts 
in another form. [J. JJ 

Hark, the nightly church-bell num- 
bers. Bp. E It. Bidcenteth. [Evening.'] 
Written in 1853 and 1st pub, in a tract, The 
Cottager"* Handbook of Family Prayer*, 1851. 
It was repeated in bis Supplement to his Pa 



400 



HARK, THE SONG OP 



& Iltjs., hated on the Christian Psalmody, 1853, 
No. 7, end again in his work, The Two 
Brothers, Ate, 1871, p. 247, and entitled, " Tho 
Village Evening Hymn." [J. J.] 

Hark, the Bong of jubilee. J. Mont- 
qontery. [Missions.] Pub. in the Evangelical 
'Magazine, July, 1818, in 3 st of 8 1, in the 
author's Greenland and other Poems, 1810, 
p. 183 ; CotteiiU's Set., 8th ed., 1819, No. 2S5 ; 
Montgomery's Christian Psalmist, 1825, No. 
5C1; and his Original llys., 1853, No, 98. 
Almost from the first Montgomery had some 
difficulty with the second line of at. ii. His 
readings are : — 
l, Greenland, &c. " From Hie aliases to the skies." 
a. Cbtttrttl. " From the depths unto the skies," 
3. Ch. I^at. " From the centre to the skies." 
i. Same, altered in MS. "From the depths unto the 
skies." 
&. Orig. JTgt. " From the depths unto tlte skies." 

Tins Inst is Montgomery's authorized text, 
and is usually followed by modern compilers. 
The hymn is in extensive use in till English- 
speaking countries, and has l>een translated 
into several languages. [J. J.] 

Hark, the sound of holy voices, 
chanting at the crystal sea. Bp. C 
Wordsworth of Lincoln. [All Saints' Day.] 
1st pub. iu his Holy Year, 18G2, No. 106, in 6 at. 
of 4 double lines (5th ed, 1 868, No. 100). In 
1SG3 it'wos given in the Parish H. Bit., No.* 
100, and subsequently in other collections, 
until it has become throughout all English- 
speaking countries one of the most widely 
known aud popular of the Bishop's hymns. 
In some collections st. ii,, 1, 2 is given as in 
the original : — 

"King, Apostle, Saint, and Martyr, Confessor, 
Evangelist," 

and in others : — 

" King, ApotOo, Sntnt, C™fcsW, 
Martyr, and Evangelist." 

The reason for this change is twofold : first, 
because of the division of the original lino 
into two, and second, possibly because tho 
old distinction between Confessor — i.e. one who 
witnesses for the faith by a good confession 
short of actual martyrdom ; and Confessor, i.e. 
one who receives confessions— was beyond tho 
comprehension of ordinary congregations. One 
of the first, if not the first collection iu which 
this change wns made, was the Appendix to 
H. A. & &., 18G8. 

In the 8. P. C. K. Church Hymns, No. 190, 
st. v. is bracketed for omission in singing if 
desired. This stanza reads :— 

" New they reign In heavenly glory, now they walk in 

golden light, 
Now they drink as from a river, holy bliss and in finite ; 
Lave and Peace they taste for everj And all truth and 

knowledge see 
In the beatific vision of the Blessed Trinity." 

The Bov. J. Ellerton's note on this hymn 
in his Notes, &c, on Church Hymns, folio ed. 
p. xlviii. explains this arrangement as follows : 

" In the earlier editions of Church Hymns the fifth 
stansa of this hymn, 'Koxv they reign in heavenly 
glory,* &e., was omitted iu deference to the Judgment of 
one of the Eplscooal Referees of the Society for Pro- 
moting Christian Knowledge, who held that the vera 
was liable to be misunderstood as countenancing tlio 
p-ipntsr error that the Blessed are already tn tun full 
fruition of their future and everlasting glory — the 
1 Beatific Vision.' It In scarcely needful to say that so 



HARK, THE VOICE OP 

accurate a theologian as the Bishop of Lincoln had do 
sympathy with this view. Hie Lordship, whilepresslug 
for tho restoration of this verse, explained that the 
whole hymn, from beginning to end, was to he regarded 
as the utterance in triumphant song of a vision of the 
final gathering of tho saints, not as an exposition of 
their present condition in the Intermediate State. The 
Tract Committee of the Society therefore desired that 
the verse should in subsequent editions be restored ; but 
should, In deference to those who might still think it 
liable to misconstruction, he bracketed fcroptional use." 

In a us. note on this hymn, and this special 
stanza, Bp. Wordsworth adds that : — 

" The whole hymn from beginning to end Is In har- 
mony with the Epistle for the festival of the day (Rev. 
vll. 2, &c), and like It is the utterance In triumphant 
song of a vision of the Jtnal gathering of the Seinls," 

[E. HSS.] 

It may he added that, with the exception of 
the alteration noted above, the original text of 
this hymn is usually given in an unaltered 
form, " [J. J.] 

Hark, the voice of Jesus calling, 
Come ye laden, &c A, Midlane. [The 
Invitation of Jesus.] Written in August, I8G0, 
and 1st pub. in tho Ambassador's S, Bh*, 1861, 
No. 45, iu 4 st of G 1. It was repeated in 
Bpurgcon's O. O. S. Bh., 1866, No. 497 ; again 
in many collect ions- for Evangelical Meetings 
and Home Mission Services ; and also in tho 
anthor's Gospel Echoes, 18C5, No. 41. It is 
also in C. U. in America and Canada. [J. J.] 

Hark, the voice of love and mercy. 

[OoodFriday — Holy Communion.] The author- 
ship of this popular hymn has long been a 
matter of dispute. On the one hand it has 
been claimed for the Bev. Jonathan Evans, 
and on the other for the Rev. Benjamin 
Francis. The evidence on behalf of eaoli is 
as follows ; — 

i. For Jonathan Evans. 

1. In 1781 the hymn appeared in the Rev. G. Border's 
Cdtt. of Hys., la.. Ho. 120, in 5 st. of 6 1., bnt in the 
index of authors it had uo signature. 

2. Forty-three years later, vis. iu the 25th ed. of his 
Call., 1821, Bander filled the blank in with the nunc of 
J. Evans. 

3. Dr. J. Styles, who succeeded J. Evnns as fcastor of 
theFoleshillcongregatiou[seei!viuu, J.], published front 
Evans's vss. several hymns in the Eoangelicai Miga- 
sinei aud in the same Magazine, in March, 1347, ha 
claimed this bynin for his predecessor. 

ii. For Benjamin Francis. 

1. Francis contributed to Rippon's Bipt. SeL, 1787, 
{We hymns, each of which was signed "-0. Francis 1 ' \ 
and one bymn altered from Gregg [see Francis, S.]. 
In the same Sd. there were two hymns which were 

signed "F ." The first of these was, "Hark, tho 

voice of love and mercy " ; and the second, " Lord, Then 
host made me know Thy ways." 

2. During Dr. Bippon's lifetime there were no changes 
made In this signature. At his death in 1636, the copy- 
right of the Sel. expired, and some interested persons 
published "A New Edition." 

3. In this "New Edition" tho "F " was ex- 
panded Into "Francis" ta the case of "Hark, the voles 
of love and mercy"; but the signature of "ljord,hast 
Thou mode me know Thy ways, remained as before. 

4. On these grounds It is claimed for J3. Francis. 

These claims are not so satisfactory as could 
be desired, either for Evans or for Francis ; and 
this is still more evident when we find that the 

second hymn with the signature " F " iu 

Bippon ("Ijord, hast Thou made me know 
Thy ways ") is a cento from Dr, John Faw- 
cctt's hymn in 6 st, pub. in his Hymns, &c, 
1782, No. 123, aud composed of st. i., v, aud 
vt. The "P— — " in Btjjpon, iu this instance, 



HAtlK, THROUGH THE COUBTS 

ia John Fawoett (q.v.) of Yorkshire. " Hark, 
tbe voice of love and mercy," however, ia not 
found in Fawcett'a Hymns, 1782, and cannot 
be claimed fat him. The evidence is in favour 
of Jonathan Audi ; and the fact that Bolder 
pave J. Evaon in full in hie Coll. of 1827 gives 
it great weight 

In America this hymn fa oa extensively 
used oa in G, Britain, and in common with 
the hymn-books of G, Britain it is attributed 
in the American collections, now to "it. 
Franeii," and again to " J. Evan*. 1 ' The 
hymn in its original form was intended far 
general use if at. Iv. were omitted, and for 
Holy Communion, when it was used. It 
reads:— 

" Happy souls, approach the table, 

Taste the sool-reviving food ] 
Nothing half so sweet and pleasant 

As the &vlour's flesh and blood. 
■It Is finished'! 

Christ hath borne tbe heavy load." 
The original text in Burdens Colt, was re- 
peated in Rtppon'H SeL with the single change 
in at ii., 1. 2, of "Bo those precious words 
afford," to " Do iheaa charming words afford." 
Rippon'i full text is in the Lyra Srit^ 1867, 
p. 653, accompanied by two notes on its 
authenticity. The Editor, however, was un- 
aware that the hymn appeared in Binder's 
Coll. three years before it was given in Rip- 
pon'a Bel., 1787, and Mis into the error of at- 
tributing its first appearance to Bippon's gel. 
The text, with the omiEsion of st. iv„ is tr. 
into Latin in E. Bingham's Hynaio. Christ. 
Latino, 1871, p. 221, as " Andiu' ? clara vox 
amoria." [J. J.] 

Hark, through, tho courts of heaven, 
S. Alford. {Joy in heaven over repenting 
Sinner*.'] Contributed to bis P>. A Hys,, 
1844, p. 68, in 4 at. of 4 ]., and repeated in 
hia Year of PraUe, 1867, No. 15G. It is in 
limited use in G. Britain and America. 

[J. J.] 

Hark ! what mean those holy voices. 
J. Cawood. [Christmas.'] Thia popular hymn 
appeared in 1819 in the 8th ed. of OotteriU's 
Sel., No. 269, in 6 bL of 4 I., with tho refrain, 
* Hallelujah." In common with all tho 
hymns in that Bel. it was unsigned ; but when 
republished by J. Montgomery in his Chr Islian 
Psalmitt, 1825, it was attributed to" Oawood." 
In some works, and collections, it is dated 1816 ; 
but in J. Cawood's son's correspondence with 
D. Sedgwick, it ia undated [s. mss.J and foil- 
ing further information, it mutt remain as 
1819. Of all Cawood's hynme this is tho 
most popular. It is in extensive use in G. 
Britain and America. Grig, text in Snepp's 
8. of Q. & <?., 1872, No, 205, with " glory sing " 
for - praises ging " in st iv., L 2. [J. J.] 

Borland, Edward, jla., wob b. at 
Aahbouroe, Derby, 1816, and educated at 
Wadham College, Oxford, where he graduated 
B.A., 1831; m.a., 1833. On taking Holy 
Orders he became Curate of Newborough, 
1833-36; of Sandon, 1886-51; Vicar of Col- 
wich, Staflbrdsnire, 1851 ; and Prebendary in 
Lichfield Cathedral, 1873. In 1858 he pub. 
Index SermonttM, His Church Psalter and 
Hymnal was first pub. in 1855, and- contained 
269 hymns and 8 doxologies. In 1863 a 
Supplement was added :-iu "186-" [1865] it 



HABLAND, EDWARD 491 

was revised and enlarged as tbe "2nd edition,'' 
and in 1876 a Supplement of 184 hymns was 
added to the 2nd ed., making 584 hymns in 
all, moat of the " Christmas Carols," &c, of tho 
2nd edition being omitted. To the various 
editions of this Hymnal, Prebendary Harland 
contributed the following hymns: — 

1. Behold a humble train. (ies3.) Presentation 
of Christ. 

1. Beloved diselple I XUuftriena nam*. fi863 ) 
St. John JWmgditt. 

a, Breathing slanghter 'gainst thy people. (i bgs. 1 
Oomertian of St. Paul. 

4, Heir* of Thy salvation, (laea.) st. Michael 
and All AngeU. 

1. Hare life la a shadow, and soon will he o'er! 
(1861.) 0. .and jr. fear. lVrtttcn " Oct. IS, isai on 
Wolsetey Bridge, with tbe Trent flowing below." In- 
cluded in the Hymnal, 1863. 

6. Holy men, in olden time, (1863.) Omtrnm of 
Evangelists. 

7. In the time of trial. (1863.) Far RulgrutUim. 
An Imitation of, and companion hymn to, Montgonlory F e 
" In the hour*of trial." 

8. Jesus calls to n* to-day. (ism.) S. School 
Anniversary. 

0. Jesus is the sure foundation, {1SG3.) St. refer. 

10. Jesus, King of glory. (1S03.> Jteitkfnlvtst 
and tit JZevxtrd. 

11. Jesus, these lips can ne'er proclaim, (1863.) 
Praise to Jesus. 

13. Jesus, when Thy cross X see. (Isfi3.) J*assion- 
tide. 

IS. Lord, I never will deny Thee. (J8G3.) St. 
I'eter. 

It. Lord Jesus, when Thou wouldit appear. (i 8S3. ) 
Hfte Annunciatttm. 

15. Lord, Thine ancient people see. (1S5S(?).) **»■ 
the Jews. 

16. Lord, we bend before Thy throne, (laCV.) Un- 
favourable Harvest. 

17. Lord, whoa earthly comforts flee, (ISBB.) Re- 
signation. 

IB, Xy Lord, end my God, blessed word that 
declared. {.18G3.) "8f> ffl °»)a(. 

19. How, lard, to every heart make known. 
(13DS.) ratsiontute. "This hymn was written at tbo 
time of the mUior's Ordination as Weacon, in 1833. Ho 
chose for his hist text 1 Cur. 1. 23, ' We preach Christ 
cruclBed,' tho sermon and the hymn being composed for 
the e&me ocuaion. lie has pToacbod ftom tho eamo 
text, and this bymn has generally been used on the 
return of that day, for ulotq than fifty years." It was 
included in his Hymnal., U5S. 

10. come, all ye failhful, Gome, see tbe place, 
{18«!0 -Sinter. ■ Ft. 1. 

11. come, ye that labour. (t861) JEBJler. Ft. 11. 
SS. for a humbler walk wifli Oodi (ism.) i^nt, 
SS. Heavenly Jemaalc m , Thou city of Uio Lord, 

(1833.) HeaveA. "This hymn waa soo^est^d to tho 
author in a dream. In (lie night of Oct. G, 18M, he 
dreamed tliat be saw the cholra of heaven ten tbonsond 
times ten thousand, in white robes, marching into a 
glorious Temple singing this hymn. He awoke, rose 
from bed, procured a light, and wrote down tho words 
on tbe back of a letter as he bad heard them in his 
dream, and then rettted to rest again. The next morn- 
ing be found the hymn on his dressing table." It was 
given In bis Supplement, 1803. 

SI, Thou by Whom the healing art. (lags.) St. 
Fiuke. 

8S, Stephen, flret of martyrs, we, (18«3.) St. 
Stephen. 

M, The ehorn* mtee of highest praise, (taw.) 
Praite, 

87. Thia day in this Thy holy place, (lsel.) 
JHest% Societiet. 

In addition to these the SvppL of 1876 con- 
tained his "And now this Holy day," for 
Sunday. Tho majority of Prebendary Har- 
Jand'u hymns are for the minor festivala, and 



492 



HAKMER, SAMUEL T. 



axe worthy of more attention than they have 
received. He d. June 8, 1890. [J. J.] 

Harmer, Samuel Touog, s. of Samuel 
Harmer, a member of the Society of Friends, 
was b. at Germantown, Pennsylvania, Dec. 9, 
1809. In 1827 ho joined the American 
Methodist Episcopalian Church, and was en- 
gaged for several years as a Sunday School 
teacher and superintendent. In 1842 he 
became a local preacher of that body, and, in 
1817, was admitted into the ministry. He 
has held appointments in Philadelphia and 
Iowa. His well-known hymn " In the Chris- 
tian's home in glory" (Heaven) was written 
in 1856 for a samp-meeting collection which 
the Rev. John Gladding was then compiling. 
It has been slightly altered, and set to music 
by the Rev. W. McDonald of Boston, Massa- 
chusetts. (For these details we are indebted 
to Dr. Hatfield's Poeto of the Church, N. Y., 
1884.) [J. J.] 

Harp and voice Thy praises telling. 
J. D. Burnt. [Spiritual Worship.'] 1st 
pub. in his little book of prayers and hymns, 
The Evening Hymn, 1857, in 3 at. of 8 1., and 
entitled "Spiritual Worship." It was repeated 
with slight alterations in W. F. Stevenson's 
By*, for Church cfc Home, 1873, No. 341, and 
other collections. [J. J.] 

Harp, awake ! tell out the story. H. 

Downton. [New Fear.] Appeared in Hys. 
for the London German Hospital, Dalstoa, 
1848, No. 91 ; A. T. Russell's Ft. & Hys., 
1851, No. 61, in 4 sfc. of 8 1. ; and again in the 
author's Hys. & Verses, 1878, p. 9. It is in 
several collections, including the S. P.O. K. 
Church Hymns, 1871; the Westminster Abbey 
H. Bk., 1883, and others. In Kennedy, 1863, 
No. 141, it begins with st i., 1. 5, " Sing we, 
brethren, faithful hearted." This in Dale's 
English Hymnal, 1874, is altered to " Join we, 
brethren, faithful hearted." [J. J.] 

Harris, John, ».»„ was b. at Ug- 
borongh, Devon, March 8. 1802, and educated 
for the Congregational Ministry at Hoxton 
Academy. He was Minister of the Congre- 
gational Church, Epsom, 1825-38 ; President 
of the Countess of Huntingdon's College at 
Cheshunt, 1838-50; and Principal of New 
College, London, 1850, to his death, Dec. 21; 
1856. He received the degree of s.d. from 
Brown University in 1838. His works were 
numerous, including The Great Teacher, 1335 ; 
Union: or, the Divided Church made one, 
1837; The Pre- Adamite Earth, 1846; two 
prize essays ; a volume of poems, The In- 
carnate One, 4c. His hymn, " Light up 
ttiiB house with glory, Lord" (Opening of a 
Place of Worship), appeared in the New Cong., 
1859, No. 882. It has become widely known, 
and is of more than usual merit. [W. G. H.] 

H&rsdttrffer, Georg Fhilipp, was b. at 

Numberg apparently on Nov. 1, 1607. He 
studied law at the Universities of Altdorf and 
Strassburg; and after live years spent in 
travelling in France, Holland, England and 
Italy, returned to Niirnberg in 1630. In 1637 
he was appointed assessor of the Lower Court, 
and in 1655 senator (Rathsherr). He d. at 
Niirnberg, Sept. 19 or 20, 1658. He was joint 
founder with J, Klaj of the Pognits Shepherd 



HABT, JOSEPH 

and Flower Order in 1614, of which lie became 
the President. His hymns appeared mostly in 
his Hertsbevmliche thnntagsandachten, Nflm- 
berg, 1649 [WernigerodeJ ; in his Nathan und 
Jotham, Niirnberg, 1650-1651 [2nd ed. 1651- 
59 in Berlin] ; and in the works of his friend 
J. M. DUherr. Few of his hymns are still in 
German use, and only two appear to have 
passed into English, viz. : — 

i. n*r «oh auf Ufa* Sehwachhait ttmxt. Lent. 
Confirmation. In J. M. Dllherr'B GtUUidu, LMet~ 
fltamt, Namberg, 1961, p. 44S, in 9 st. of a 1„ entitled, 
« On religious completeness" (or "godly perfection "}. 
The form tr. into English begins " Wtr slch," and Is 
found in tbelthed., 1121, of Horner's Dresden G.B^ia 
S St. of lo]., marked "D.B.W.M." These initials re- 
present Dr. BernhardW&itherMarperger, court preacher 
at Dresden [h, May 14, 1(82, it Hamburg ; studied at 
the Universftlee of Altdort ind Halle; fromlfM-MM 
held various clerical appointments in Ntlniberg; became, 
1T24, Oberconaifitorlalrath and court preacher at Dresden, 
and d. there March 33, 1I«] i but in Marperger's own 
9. B., Lelpiig, 11K, No. 6l£ it does not bear bis name. 
This may of course be because it Is bused cm Bart- 
titirffer. Tr. ae: " Who seeks in weakness an eicuse," 
by Miss Winkworth, 1866, p. Ufl. 

il, Die Haoht ist nan Tergtngen. Xmtfng. Ap- 
peared in J. M. Dllherr'a Bei 1000 oltc und ntue geitt- 
Kdke italmen Liefer, to., Numberg, 166*, p. BIZ, In 6 
St., marked " Another. Oeorgphil. Harsdthiter." The 
rrr. are: (l) "The night is now departed," by H. J. 
Bucket!, 1643, p. 41. (3) "Might from the earth is 
wending," by Mitt Mmamgton, 1893, p. lit. [J. M.] 

Hart, Joseph, was b. in London in 1712. 
His early life is involved in obscurity. His 
education was fairly good ; and from the testi- 
mony of his brother-in-law, and successor in 
the ministry in Jewin Street, the Rev, John 
Hughes, "his civil calling was" for some 
time " that of a teacher of the learned lan- 
guages." His early life, according to his own 
Experience which he prefaced to nis Hymns, 
was a curious mixture of loose conduct, serious 
conviction of sin, and endeavours after amend- 
ment of life, and not until Whitsuntide, 1757, 
did he realize a permanent change, which was 
brought about mainly through his attending 
divine servieo at the Moravian Chapel, in 
Fetter Lane, London, and hearing a sermon 
on Bev. iii. 10. During the next two years 
many of his most earnest and impassioned 
hymns were written. These appeared as : — 

/fymntcompafedon Variout Subjects, withthe Author's 
Experience, London, 11 SO. During this year he became 
the Minister of the Independent Chapel, Jewin Street, 
London. In 11 92 he added a Supplement to his Hyant t 
and in 17S6 an Appendix, In modern editions of hie 
ffvmnt these three are embodied [n one volume as:— 
§ fijwuu eompo»e(( on YarUmt SuMeott ! Wts.theAuthar'i 
Experience, TteSuppUnunt ana Appendix. By the Rev. 
Joseph Htrrt, lata Minister of the Gospel in Jevtin Street, 
Zendon. AUait A Oi. [no date]. 

Hart d. on May 24, 1768. At one time his 
hymns were widely used, especially by Col- 
nniatio Nonconformists, Many of them are 
of merit, and are marked by great earnestness, 
and passionate love of the Redeemer. Tlie 
best known are : ** Come, Holy Spirit, come" ; 
" Come, yo sinners, poor and wretched " ; 
"This God is the God we adore" ; and " Lord, 
look on all assembled here." Those which 
are more limited in their use include : — 

i. From his Hymns, 4c., 1759. 

I. Dtseend from heaven, eeleatisl Dots. Whit- 
suntide, Go. B, in 9 st. of 1 1. In Snepp's Sonet of 
G. * G., 1872, No. 3T4, st. iv., v. are omitted. It is in 
extensive nee In America. 

9. 0n*t High Priest, we view Thee stooping. 
Sigh Frieitkoodsf CftWit, No. 09, pt. I!,, In 3 st. of 
8 1. In Snenp's gangs of G.A G., 1ST3, No. 230 ; Hat- 
field's Church S. Bk,, N. T., ISIS, No. 436, to. 



HAET, JOSEPH 

5. Row wondrous axe the works of God, Xe- 
dcestHto' Lost. No. 21, la Bt. of 4 1. In tbe Scottish 
Xiang. Union Syl., ISM, st L- iv. tie given *s No. 11. 

4. If ever it eeuld come to pas*. jVnol Perse. 
wrancc. No. 6*, In 3 st of' 6 L Repeated In Suepp's 

Songt qf a. & a., an. No. 129. 

f. Jeans 1* 001 God and Saviour, Faith and 
Repentance. No. 84, is I st of 8 1. In fmepp's Smgt 
o/ff. <e tf., 1813, No. J«, el. k. la emitted. In tie 
.fendo* ff, £fe, (enlarged), 18T8, st lit. end v. toe given 
u " Nothing but Thy Wood, Jesus." 

6. Jeaua, while Be dwelt below, fftlksatiatu. 
No. IS, In 33 it. of e L In Suepp'B Song* of a. A ft, 
1812, No. 33(k sixteen stantas ere broken up Into three 
parte 1 (l.)"Jeeu>, while He dwelt below"; (iL) "Full 
of lore to man's lost race " ; (ill.) " There my Sod bore 
all my guilt." A cento lseleo given in Hatfield's (&urch 
B. Bit., N. Y,, 1811, No. Mi, as "Many woes had 
Christ [He] endured." It is composed of St. viii., lx., 
jdtl., xx., xxiU., slightly altered. In the Scottish 
Eeang. Union Hyl., 1878, No. 31, 8 Bt. are given in two 
parts :pt 1* as, "Jeans, while He dwelt below " ; pt. ii, 
"Eden from each Bowery bed." 

7. Lamb of God, in mil before Thee. Christ All in 
All. No. IV in * et. of 8 1, It la in various collections, 
and es altered In Kenxtdy, 1883, No, 1111, is lunch 
improved. ^ 

I. Let u* all with (lateral praises, Chrittaat. 
No. la in I st. of 8 L In Spurgeon'e O. 0. B. Bk., 1888, 
it is reduced to 4 et of * L 

9, Lord, look en all assembled ban. Far a Public 
«nfc No. 88, in 8 It of * L It is in several of tbe 
older hymn-books. 

10, Lord, we lie baton Thy feet. Lent. No. 14, in 
8 st. of 8 ].. end based on 3 Cbron. xi. 38. In Spur- 
goon's 0. 0. E. Bk., 1888, st, 1., ill,, vL an given as 
So. SB*. 

II, Many is welooiae news indeed! God't Mercy in 
jMrdoniiap Sin. No. SI,iu 8 Bt. or 4 1., ou St. Lute vii. 
43. In Spurgem, 1B«, No. M4. 

It, Knob we talk of Jem's blood, Paetiontide, 
So. 41, In 4 st of 8 I., on Lam. L 13. In Spurgem, 
1IM, it Is ebtidged to 4 et of 4 L 

13, New torn tbe garden to the eras*. Good Fri. 
day. No. 63, In 8 et. of 4 i„ and entitled, " The 
Cructnxlon." In Bourgeon, 1888, No. 314, st U-v., vl.- 
Ix. eitjdven as " See how tbe patient Jesus stands." 

14. The Fountain ef Christ Assist me ts atng, IV 
Fountain. No. 88, in 8 st. of 8 L on Zecb. xiiLl. in 
Sjpurgton, 1888, St. I„ v., vli., vlil., are given as No. MB. 

If, The moon ami stan shall lew tbeir light. 
A&eent. No. 48, In 4 st, of 4 L, on St. Matt xxfv. 35. 



In Bpargeon, IBM. 
15, The aln 



1 alnner that truly believes. Stating JtafWt 
No. 88, in e st. or 4 1., snd entitled, " Saving Faith " 
In qpurgcon, IBM, No. 833, st if, is omitted, and the 
opening line is altered to "The moment a sinner 
believe*." 

iL From his Supplement, 1762. 

17i Beheld what awful pomp, Aolwni. No. S3, in 
8 st of 4 L It is usually abridged as In the American 
Meth. Episco. ^wuu, 1848, No, 1181. 

U. Christ is the Sternal Seek, The Cfteu cf 
Chritt. No. 21, In 8 st. of 8 I. In WIndle'e Metrical 
Ptalter & Byl., lisa, at I., II., v. sre given as No. is. 

19, 0hiistlanB,dlsnuaByenrl4ST, Batter. No.3a, 
in 4 st. of 8 1, into Dr. Alexander's Augvttinc B. Bk., 
184*, No. 18, in 1 Bt of 4 1. 

80. Dismiss ns with Thy blessing;, Lord. Ctott 0/ 
Service, No. 18, in 8 et. of 4 1, In • few collections. 

11. Gird thy bans up, Christian suldiex. Tht Ckrii- 
ticm Armour. No. 3*, In 8 st. of B I., an Eph. vL 11. 
Found in several of the older, and a few of the modern 



Sti Glenj to Ged en hlgli, Our pease, &0. Bdiy 
Otmmwnitm, No. 3, In 8 st of 4 1. In Hatfield'a 
Outrci. B. Bk., 1813, No. 104, st. v., vi. are omitted. 

B3, Holy Ghost, insplTe eui anises. On behalf qf 
Knittert. No. IT, in B et of 8 1. IntheScotUehiootw. 
Union Byl„ 18)8, No. 413, et ill.-v. are given ss, 
"Happy sonl that hears and follows." 

H, Jettu onoe tu sinnen slain, BolslG'inmiauon. 
No, 18, In 8 st. of 41. In American use. 

£f. Lord, help ns en Thy wen to feed. Clou 0/ 
Soviet, No. 88, in 3 Bt of 4 I. In several modem 
hymn-bookp. 

M. for » glanae ef heavenly day, Lent. No. 
84, in 8 st of 4 I. In Hatfield's church B. Bk., 1B12, 
and other American colEectlonfl it is usually repeated in 
lull. In Blckerateth'B Chrittian Pialmiky, 1833, It 



HASTEN, SINNBB, TO BE 493 

was given as, " Lord, shed a beam of heavenly day," 
and this Is repeated in modern hymn-books. 

37. Onoe nun before we part, Clote 0/ Service, 
No. 18, in 3 st. of 4 1. PopularinG.Britalnanif America. 

SI. Onoe men we oome before our Had, Before 
a Sermon. No. 31, in 8 St. of 4 1., into Hatfidd, IBM, 
No. 111, and othera, 

39, Sana of God by hleea'd adoptten. Burial. 
No. 4Et, in 3 st of 8 I., Into Efcepp's Sottfft qf G. <t 0., 
18J2. No. 981,aa"SouBof God by Heitanoptton," 

SO. StuTeruif Bavievr, Lamb ef Ged. , Baly Com. 
nttnion. No. 14, in 8 st of 4 L In W. F. Stevenson's 
Eye. for Church A Borne, 1813, st lil., vli. are omitted. 

tl. That doleful night before Hie death, mis 
Ommunion. No. IT, in 2 st. of 8 1. In the Scottish 
Evang. Union Bjl., 1818, st 1. 11. 4-8, and st ii., sre 
given as, " To keep Thy Feast, Lord, we an met" 

iii. From Mb Appendise, 1765. 

32. duiatiana, in yeux several stations. dtrUUan 
Duty. No. 1, Id S st. of 8 1. It is slightly altered in 
Snepp's^bnjto/ ff. * o., 1813, No. T43, and dated 11M 
in error. 

It. Prayer was [la] appointed to oenvey. Prayer. 
No. 11 In 8 st of 4 l.lnto Snepp's 8mgt <[f G. * G., 
1B12, No. 043. with alterations and Hie omission of 
st. ii., v. In soma American oollections it begins, 
"Pnveris to God, tbe soul's sure way." [J, J,] 

Hartmann von dor Aue seeme to 
have been b, about 1170, apparently of the 
baronial family Yon Owe of An or Niedeman, 
near Rottenbirg on the Neekar. He took 
pail in one of toe Crusades, moat likely that 
of 1197, and wag still living in 1207, but bad 
died before 1220 (AUg. DeuUche Wog„ I 634- 
636 ; Qoedeke't Qrundriu, 1881, t, 89-98, &c.). 

Tbe facts of his life have been oonsldenWy ooutested. 
Some have sought to connect him with Aub or Onwe, 
near Bothenburg, on the Tauber: otiiera with An, near 
Freiburg in Baden. In bis Arme Beinrieh he calls 
himselfBltter und Dlensunaun xu Aue, and was cer- 
tainly a Swabtan. He was one of the muti notoble 
poeta of bia time. His works in msinfy metrloal 
ronumoes. Two deal with legends of tbe Arthurian 
cycle, Brce (Geratnt and Enid), written about 1188: 
and fwein (the Kotght with the Lion}, written about 
1384-both based on Chrietian cf Troyct. A third, 
oVi^oriui (a setting of tbe legendary early Vie of St. 
Gregory the Great% waa written about 1380 on tbe basts 
of a French version. A lburth. tbe Arme tfWnrf* {tbe 
story of which is employed by If. W. Longfellow In his 
well-known Golden Legend, 1881), wss his latest work. 
The remainder of his poems are love songs aud songs of 
tbe Cmsedes, and were probably written c. 1183-1188. 
Various eds- of his Individual works bave been pub. 
during tbe last 88 years, and a collected ed. in 3 vols, by 
Fedor Bech appeared at Leipiig. 1887-8*. 

The only piece which can be called a hymn 
and has been (r. into English is 

Kin frblde wart nie aorgelos. Crtaader'i Hymn. 
This ts In Beet's ed., pt. it, p. 11, In 3 st of 13 L ; also 
In Waekerwuel, II. p. 88. 3V. as "My Joy was ne'er 
unmixed with care," by Xiu Winkwort\ 1869, p. 4a. 

[J.M.] 

Haste, traveller, haste! the night 
oomes on* W. B. Go&ytr. fltiritation.'] 
Appeared in Hippon's Bap. Set. 27th ed, 1827, 
No. 581, PL ii., in 7 st of 4 1., with the refrain 
"Haste, traveller, haste,*' to st> L-vi., and 
"Haste to Him, haste," to st. vii. It is in 
use in G. Britain and America. Its original 
title is " Fleeing from the wrath to come by 
flying to Christ." [J. J.] 

Hasten, [O] alnner, to be wise. T, 

Scott. [^Bftortoft'on to Bepenicmoe.] Pnb. in 
his Lyric Poem*, otc, 1773, No. 23, in 4 st of 
4 1., as " Hasten, sinner, to be wise." The 
l. m. version of this hymn, " Hasten, O sinner, 
to be wise," appeared in Bippon'e Set, 1787, 
No. lie, st. it with the additional stanza " O 
Lord, do Thon the sinner tnm.'* Both forms 
are in C, U. in G, Britain and America : the 



494 HASTINGS, HOKACE L. 

original is in Snopp's Songs of G. & 6., 1872, 
Nn. 479, with Rippon's additional stanza re- 
duced to Ta metre; and Eippon's text ia in 
tho Bup. Fs. <t Hp., 1858, No. 373. In tho 
Obcrlin Manual of Praise, 1880, No. 21'J, 3 at. 
arc given in 7*s metro an " Haste. Sinner, 
«om bo wiso." [W. T. B.] 

Hastings, Horace Lorenzo, was b. at 
Illandford-, Mass., Nov. 26, 1831 ; commeuecd 
writing hymns, and preaching, in his 17th 
year, and laboured as an evangelist in various 
parts of tlio U. S. In I860 ho established 
'J'he Christian, a monthly paper, in which 
many of his hymns havo appeared, and in 
18G5 tho Scriptural Tract Repository in 
Boston. Ho pub. Social Hymns, Original and 
Selected, Boston, 1865; Songs of Pilgrimage, 
a Hymnal for the Chumhes of Christ, Part i., 
18S0 ; and in August, 188G, tlio snme com- 
pleted, to the extent of 1533 hymns, 450 of 
which arc original and signed *' H." The 
best known of these is "Shall we rooet beyond 
tho river," written in N. Y. city, 1858, and 
lately pub. as a leaflet in 14 st. of 8 1. The 
text in Gospel Hymns and elsewhere consists 
of tho 1st linlf of st, i., iv., si. and is. Tlie 
Hastings Birthday Book, extracts front his 
prose writings, appeared 1886. [F. M. B.] 

Hastings, Lady flora, daughter of tho 
Marquess of Hastings, was b. at Edinburgh, 
Feb. 11, 1S06, and d. July 5, 1839. H*r 
hymns appeared in her posthumous Poems by 
the Lady Jflora Hastings, Edited by her Sister 
[the Marchioness of Bute}, 1811. The best 
known of her hymns is " O Thou, Who for 
our fallen race. 1 ' (The humility and love of 
Christ,} This is usually given in nn abbre- 
viated form, as in W. F. Stevenson's Hymns 
for Churth and Home, 1873. [J- J.] 

Hastings, Thomas, ua doc, b. of Dr. 
Seth Hastings, was h. at Washington, Lich- 
field County, Connecticut, October 15, 1781. 
In 1786, his father moved to Clinton, Oneida 
Co., N. Y. There, amid rough frontier life, 
his opportunities for education were small; 
but at art early age ho developed a taste 
for music, and began teaching it in 1806. 
Seeking a wider field, ho went, in 1817, to 
Troy, then to Albany, and in 1828 to Utiea, 
where ho conducted a religious journal, in 
which he advocated his special views on 
church music. In 1832 he was called to 
New York to assume the charge of several 
Church Choirs, and there his last forty years 
were spent in great and increasing useful- 
ness and repute. He d. at New York, May 15, 
1872. His aim was the greater glory of 
God through, bettor musical worship ; and 
to this end he was always training choirs, 
compiling works, and composing music, His 
hymn-work was a oorollary to the proposition 
of hU music-work; he wrote hymns for cer- 
tain tunes ; the one ootivity seemed to imply 
and necessitate tho other. Although not a 
great poet, he yet attained considerable suc- 
cess. If we take the aggregate of American 
hymnals published duriug the last filly years 
or for any portion of that time, more hymns 
by him nre found in C. U. than by any other 
iiHtive writer. Not one of his hymns is of the 
highest merit, but many of them liavo become 



HASTINGS, THOMAS 

popular and useful. In addition to editing 
many books of tunes, Hastings also pub. the 
following hymn-books : — 

{1} Spiritual Songs for Social Worship; Adapted ta 
the Use of FamUies and Private Circlet in Seasons of 
Xetmxti, to Missionary Meetings, &c, Utica, 1831-1, ft 
which howas assisted by Lowell Mason; (2) The Mothers 
IT^mn-buok, 1834; (3) TSe Christian Psalmist: or, 
Watts*s i'lofaig and Hymns, with copious Selections 
from other Sources, &c., N. Y., 1S3G, in connection 
with William Patton; (4) Church Melodies, N. Y., 
1B38, assisted by his son.tbs Rev. 1. S. Hastings; (a) 
Devotional Hymns and Poems, H. V., 1950. The hist 
contained many, but not all, of hi* original hymns, 
(G) Jfyther*s Hymn-book, enlarged 165D. 

The authorship of several of Hastings's 
hymns has been somewhat difficult to deter- 
mine. All the hymns given in tho Spiritual 
Songs were without signatures. In the Chris- 
tian Psalmist some of his contributions wore 
signed "Anon," others "M. S." whilst others 
bore tho names of the tune books in whioh 
they had previously appeared ; and in tho 
Cfcurcfc Melodies some were signed with his 
name, and others were left blank. His mss., 
and Devotional Hymns, &c, enable us to fix 
the authorship of over 50 which are still in 
C. V. These, following the chronological 
order of his leading work, are : — 

i. From the Spiritual Songs, 1831 : — 

1. Before Thy footstool kneeling, in Sickness. 
No. 398, In 3 st. of s 1. 

2. Bleeding hearts denied by sin, Fulness of 
Christ. So. 261, In Bet. of 4 1. 

3. Child of sin end wtnw, filled -with dismay. 
Lent. No. 315, in 2 it, of s 1. It la sometimes given 
m "Chlldof ski audsorrow, IVherewilt thou fleet " It 
Is in extensive use. 

4. relay not, delay not, sinner draw near. 
Exhortation to Repentance. No. 145, In 5 at. of 4 I. 
Given in several important collections. 

6. Forgive ni, Lord, to Thee we ery. Forgiveness 
desired. No. IBS, in 1 st. of 4 1. 

6. Gently, Lord, gently lend tu. Pilgrimage of 
Life. No. 29, in 3 st, of 8 1. It is given In severo.' 
collections. The first two lines are taken from a hymn 
which appeared in the Chi'istian Lyre, 1830. 

I, Go forth, on wings of fervent prayer, tin- a 
blessing on the distribution of Books and Tracts. So. 
350, in 4 st. of 5 I. It is sometimes given as " Go forth - 
on wings of faith and prayer," ne in the Bttpt. Praise 
Bk., N. Y., mi, No. 1253 ; bnt the alterations are eo 
great as almost to constitute it a new hymn. 

8. Hail to the brightness of Zlen'a gUd morning. 
Missionary Success. No. 330, In 4 at. of 4 1, In several 
bymn-bwke in G. Britain and America. 

9. How calm end beeuttftol the nun, Easter. 
No. 391, in 5 st. of 1. Very popular. 

10. In this calm, impressive hour. Early Morning. 
No. 235, pt. i, to 3 ot. of ft 1. In several colfeotiona, 

II. Jesus, save my dying eoul. Lent. No. 308, 
In 4 st. of 4 1. A deeply penitential hymn. 

18. New he the gospel banner. Missions. No. ITS, 
In 2 st.^of SI. In several collections (see below). 

13. New from labour, and from eare, Eaening. 
No. 236. Ft. II. In 3 st of s L Thie hymn, with No. 10 
above, "In this calm," &c,, constitute one bymnofG st. 
In the Spiritual Songs, but divided into two parts, one 
for Morning and the other lor Evening. Both ports are 
popular as separate hymns. 

11. O God of Abraham, hear. Prayer on behtdf 
of Children. No. 2SS, in 6 et. of 4 1. In ,nse in ti, 
Britain. 

15. tell me, Thou Life and dellf ht af my soul, 
FoUawing the Good Shepherd. No. 151, in 5 st. of 4 1., 
on Cunt. 1. 7,8. 

IS. Beturn, wanderer, to thy home. The Pro* 
digat recoiled. No. 183, in 3 st. of 4 1., with the refrain, 
"Itetttrn, return" (see below). 

17. Bolt and holy is the plaee. Public Wiir&fp. 
No. 361, tn 4 Bt. of 4 1. In Dr. Hatfield's Church H. Bk., 
N. Y, 18?2, and eome other collections, the opening 
line is altered to " Sweet and Iioly Is the place." 



HASTINGS, THOMAS 

13. That warning voice, (injur, hear. JSxhor- 
tation to Repentance. No. 231, In 4 st. of 6 1. 

19. To-day the Saviour calls. £enj. No. ITS, in 
4 St. of 4 I. 1>, Hastings says, in a communication to 
Dr. Stevenson f/^f./or Cftuixft and Rome, 18T3), this 
hymn "was offered mo in a hasty sketch which I re- 
touched." The sketch was by the Key. S. F. Smith. 

M>. Why that look of sadness. Consolation. No, 
MS, in 3 St. of 6 1. 

31. Zlen, drsery and in anguish. Ine e&urca Oam- 
fbj-tet, No. 160, in 4 st. of 4 L 

Concerning the two hymns, No. 12, "Now 
be tho gospel banner"; and No. 16, "Return, 
wanderer, to thy homo," Dr. Stevenson has 
the following note in his Hys. for Church and 
Home, Lend., 1873 :— 

"In a letter to the Editor, Br. Hastings wrote, not 
more than a fortnight before bis death, 'These two 
hymns of mine were earlier compositions, the former 
[ ,t Nowbe,"&o.JfuraUtica Sunday School celebration. 
Hie latter [" Return, wanderer," feci after hearing a 
stirring revival sermon on tba Prodigal Son, by tbe Rev. 
Mr. KInt, at a large union meeting En the Presbyterian 
Church, wberv two hundred converts were present. Tlic 
prencher at the close eloquently exclaimed with tender 
emphasis, "Sinner, come home! come borne! come 
borne!" It was easy afterwards to write, "Return, 
wanderer." * " 

Soveral additional hymns in the Spiritual 
ifToHja, 1831, have been ascribed to Dr. Hast- 
ings, tat without confirmation. Tho sum of 
what can be said on his behalf is that tho 
hymns are in his style, and that they liuve 
not been claimed by others. They aro : — 

23. Drooping souls, no longer mourn, Pardon 
promised. No. 40, Id 3 st. ef Si., of which st. {., ii. are 
altered from J. J. Ilsrrod's Public, Parlour, and 
Cottage Hymns. Baltimore, 1623, tbat le, 8 years before 
tho Spiritual Songs wore published. 

£3. Lying souls, ftit bound in sin. pardon 
offend. No. 41, in D at. of 8 1. It is usually given in 
an abridged form. 

ii. From his Mother'* Hymn Booh, 1831 : — 

A4. Forbid i&em not, tile Saviour cried, Zfoto Bap- 
tism. No. 44. 

2S, God of mercy, hear our prayer, on behalf of 
Children, Ko. 4s, In 6 st. of 4 1. It was included in 
J. Campbell's Onnprchenrivc if. Bk., Lond,, l&W, and 
subsequently in several collections. 

SB. God of tho nation*, bow Thine ear, Missions. 
No. 1L5, in 4 st. of 6 L In several collections. 

87. How tender is Thy hand. Affiiction. No. 39, 
In a st. of 4 L 

98. Jesus, while our hearts are bleeding, Death, 
Resignation. No. 95, in o st. of 4 1. This Es in exten- 
sive use and is one of his best and most popular hymns. 

.IB. Lord, I would come to Thee, Self-dedication 
qfaChild. So. 12, in 4 st. of41. 

30- Lord, lahold ua at Thy feet. Ltnt, No. 69, 
in 4 st. of 4 1. It is doubtfm If this is by Hastings. 
It Is sometimes signed >' Mrs. T." 

SI, The rosy light is dawning. Xorntng. No. 11, 
in 3 st. of 8 1. 

St. The Saviour bids us [thee] watch and pray, 
Watch and Pray. No. 119, in 4 st. of 4 L 

SB. Thou God of sovereign, grace. On behalf qf 
Children. No. 68, la 6 st. of 4 1. 

34. Wherever two or three may meet. Divine 
Service. No. S3. 

31. 71111111 these quiet walls, O lord, J&therf 
Meeting). No. 58, in 5 st. of 4 1. In Bourgeon's O. O, 
IT. .Bfc.,18B6,No. 1010, it begins, "Within these peaceful 
walls." This reading is from J. Campbell's Compre- 
htniiw H. St., Lend., 1S3>, It Is very doubtful if this 
Is by Hastings. 

iii. From the Christian PtalmiU, 1883 ; — 

35. Ohildren, hear the malting atory. On the life 

t Christ. No. 430, i» 3 St. of 1. It is given as from 
Union Ximtret, and the statement that It is by 
Hastings is very doubtful, no evidence to that effect 
being In the possession of his family, llr. Hatfield, in bis 
ChurchlH. Bk., dates it 1330, and gives it as" Anon." 



HATFIELD, EDWIN F. 



49S 



ST. Go, tone thy voice to sacred song. Praia. 
No. 130, in St. of G L,» and given as from "us." 

99. He that goeth forth with weeping. Missions 
No. %\% in 2 st. of 8 1., and given as from "as." It is 
in several collections. 

3B. I love the Lord, Those gracious: ear. p lr eggt, 
Tage 180, in 4 st. of 1., as from "ks." 

40. Lord of the harvsst, bend Thine ear, par the 
Increase of the Ministry. No, 40?, in st of 4 1., as 
from " lis." This hymn Dr. Hastings altered lor his 
Denotional Itys. A roams, IBM, but it has failed to re- 
place the original in the hymn-books, 

iv. From the Reformed Dutch Additional 
Hymns, 1S4C :— 

41. Child of sorrow, child of care fwoel, Trust. 
No. 108, in 2 st. of 8 l.j appeared in IV. Hunter's 
Minstrel of Zion, 1845. 

43. Heirs of an immortal crown, christian War- 
fare. No. 1S8, in 2 st. of S 1. 

43. O Saviour, lend a listening sar. Lent. No. If*, 
St. vl., i., iy., v., altered. 

44. The Lord Jehovah lives, ps. xvin. No SO, 
in 4 st. of 1. 

These three hymns, together with many others, aro 
given in the Dutch Reformed Ifys. of the Church, N. Y., 
1869. In the 1S4T Ps. A Hymns there were, including 
these, 38 hymns by Hastings, and 2 which are doubtfuL 

v. From Dr. Hastings's Devotional Hymn* 
and Jlelifjiotii Poems, 1850 : — 

45. In time of fear, when feonble's near. En- 
couragement in Tibial. Tage 95, In 3 St. of 4 1, In use 
in G. Britain. 

vi. From Chwcli Melodies, 1858 ;— 
43. Tot those in bonds as bound with them. Mis- 
sions. No. 410, in 6 st. of 4 L, on Heb. xiii. 3, 

47. forget thyself, Christ bids thee come. Holy 
Communion. No. 083, in 3 st. of L 

48. Jems, Kereiral and Hild, Leaning on Christ. 
No. OSS, In 4 st. of 6 1, In several collections. 

49. Pilgrims In this Tale of sorrow. Self-denial. 
No. aw, in 4 st. of 4 1. 

10. Saviour, I look to Thee. Lent. In time of 
TivuMe, No. ISO, in 4 st. of 1 1. 

51, Saviour of our ruined race, jiotg Communion. 
No. 379, in 3 st, of 6 I. 

63. 'Why that soul's commotion t Zeiit. No. 311, 
in 3 st. of f I. It is doubtful if this is by Hastings. 

viL In BobinBOu's Songs o/Oie Church, 18C2 : 

53. Se traaquit, my soul. Patience injjjfietion. 
No. 519, m 4 st. of 4 1. Altered In Robinson's Songs for 
the Sanctuary, 1805. 

54. Peace, peace, I leave with you. Peace, the 
benediction of Christ, No. 380, in 3 st. of J 1. 

55. Saviour, Thy gentle voice. Christ Ml in AU. 
No. 492, in 3 st. of > 1. 

viii. In Eobinson's Songs for the Sanctuary, 
1865:— 

£6. God of tho morning ray. Jforniita. No. S3, 
in 2 st. of 1 1. 

Of Hastiiiafl'B bymns about 40 are in the Be- 
formed Dalch Ps. & Hy»., 1847 ; 39 in Robin- 
son's Songs for fta Sanctuary, 1865; 15 in 
Hfttfleld's Church H. Bh., 1872 ; and 13 in the 
Lyra Sac. Americana, 1868. They are also 
largely represented iiiothereollections. Many 
other of his compositions are found in collec- 
tions now or recently in O. U., but these aro 
not of tho highest merit [F. M. B.] 

Hatfield, Ed-win Francis, ».»., was b. 
at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, Jan. 9, 1807, 
and educated at Middlcbnry College, Ver- 
mont, and at Andover. From 1832 to 1835 
he was pastor of the 2nd Presbyterian Church, 
St. Louis, In 1835 bo removed to New York, 
where he was at first pastor of 7th Presbyterian 
Church, nnd then of tho North Presbyterian 
Church (1836-G3) in the same city, ; and in 



498 HAVE FAITH IN TRUTH 

1801 he was appointed specif) 1 agent to tlie 
Union Theological Seminary, New York. He 
also held from 18*6 the appointment of Stated 
Clerk of the Presbyterian General Assembly. 
He d. at Summit, New Jersey, Sept. 22, 1883. 
His hymnologioal knowledge was extensive. 
His publications include : — 

(l) JVeafrat't Lyrt; or. Psaimt, Hyatm, andSmred 
StHtgi,for (la Stave ami hU Ptitedt, N. T„ 1340. to 
which be contributed 34 hymns under the signature of 



»B. F, H."; m The Churih JTymnBookfor the Wor- 
,±Y — - -■- 
d U 
Moan 
with JVbfcj on tilth Bpnm. New York, 1884. This was 



*&*» of God, N. Y., isfa, fu which are 10 of" his hymns 

andmCftoprf /fymM,N. Y., 1811. (4) ~ " 

Us C&tw*. Jwwropfcical Sketch* of Mymn Writtri, 



rfta Poe<» q/ 1 



1 posthuuKHia publication, and is&r bom being accurate. 

His hymns and psalm versions in C. U. 
include : — 

1* Game, bleu Jehovah's name, (18311.) Pi. 114. 

1. Come, 1st mi gladly eing, (1831.) pj. «(. 

3. Hallelujah, praiae the Lard, (isal.) j>>. lso. 

4. Haw perfaet i* Thy law. (ibst.) /*». lfl, 

5. How awMUy braaka th« BablMtth dawn. (1B40.) 
£undap, 

S, My Bhepherd'i nun ii lore. (1831.) pj. jg- 

7. staff hallelujah, praise ye the lord, (isw.) 
Pi, US, 

B. Thee, Thea, we praiae, O God, and naw. 
(lflll.) A paraphraae of the Tt Devm. 

D. 'Ki Tblna alone, Almighty Hams. (isM.) 
Temperance, 

10. Why, God, Tby people ipoiu I (ml.) Pt.so. 

11. To Ood the father, Bon. Doxolegy. In 
Freedom's Lure, 1340. It la widely used. 

Tbe«e hymns and psalm versions ore all in 
his Church H. Bk„ 1872, ond the dates ap- 
pended above are from that collection. No. 
10 was pub. in bis Freedom's Lyre t 1810, 
No. 25. [F. M. B.] 

Have faith in truth, S.Bonar. [Faith- 
fulness to truth.! Appeared in the 2nd series 
of hU Hm. of Faith and Hope, 1861, in 10 st. 
of 4 1. In Dale's English H. Bk., 1874, it 
begins with st ii., " Make sure of truth," and 
st- ix. is also omitted. It is a beautiful hymn, 
and should be more widely known. [J. J.] 

Have meroy, Lord, on me. Tate A 

Brady. [Ps.ft.] This s.M. rendering of Pa. 31 
was given in the New Version, 1698 (q.v.), in 
17 at. of 4 1., divided iuto two parts, and is a 
good example of the renderings therein in that 
metre, (Malta*, Bagttah, § IS, 7.] As found 
in modern hymn-books in G, Britain and 
America it is given in an abbreviated form of 
three or more stanzas, and often with a dox- 
ology also from the N. "Version. Few collec- 
tions agree, however, in their selection of 
stanzas. Tlie arrangement of stanzas as in 
H. A. A M., 1875, is in more extensive use 
than any other. [J. J.] 

Have meroy on uh, Ood Most High. 

F. W. Faber. [Holy Trinity.') 1st pub. in 
bis J situ and Mary, &c., 1819, in 11 st. of 4 1. 
and entitled, " The Most Holy Trinity." In 
addition to its being given in an abbreviated 
form in Roman Catholic collections, it is aLso 
in B. A. d> M , 1861 and 1873, and other 
hymn-books. The arrangement in most ex- 
tensive use is that of H.A. & M., which is 
composed of st. I.-ili,, v., and xi. In Allan's 
Supplemental Hymns, 1888, No. 3, is a cento 
by G. Bawson, part of which is from this 
hymn (specially at. i.-iii.), and the test ia by 
bun, some of the hues being from his hymn, 



HAVEBGAL, FRANCES B. 

"Transcendent mystery unknown," subse- 
quently pub. in his Hymns, &C, 1876, p. 39 
(see note on p. 40). The cento in Horner's 
Cong. Hye„ 1884, and others, begins with st 
ii. of the original, "Host ancient of ail 
mysteries." [J. J.] 

Have you ever brought a penny to 
the missionary box ? Emily E. S. KQiott, 
[Children's Mission Hymn.'] 1st pub. 1855, in 
the Gfctweft Missionary Juvenile Insfrttcfor. 
Included, slightly altered, as No. 19 of the 
Children's Hymns in Wilson's Service of 
Praise, 1865, in 6 st. of 4 1. In 1873, Dr. W. 
F. Stevenson included st. iiL-vi., beginning, 
" O how joyous is the musie of the missionary 
song," in bis H. for Church and Home ; and 
this was repeated in Wilson's Songs of Zitm, 
1878, and in Alton's Children's Worship, 1878. 
In tlie latter it begins, " O joyous is the 
music," [J. M.] 

Havergal, Frances Ridley, daughter 
of the Bev. W. H, Havergal, was b. at AsUey, 
Worcestershire, Dec. 14, 1836. Five years 
Inter her father removed to the Bectory of 8t 

Nicholas, 'Worcester, In August, 1850. she 
entered Mrs. Teed's school, whose influence 
over her was most beneficial. In the follow- 
ing year she says, " I committed my soul to 
tbe Saviour, and earth and heaven Beamed 
brighter from that moment." A short sojourn 
in Germany followed, and on her return she 
was confirmed in Worcester Cathedral, July 
17, 1853. In 1860 she left Worcester on her 
father resigning the Bectory of St. Nicholas, 
and resided at different periods in Leamington, 
and at Oaswall Bay, Swansea, broken by 
visits to Switzerland, Scotland, and North 
Wales. She d. at Caswall Bay, Swansea, 
June 3, 1879. 

Miss Hivergal's scholastic acquirements were ex- 
tensive, embracing several modem languages, together 
with Greek and Hebrew. She does not occupy, and did 
not claim tar heiaelf, apromiuent place as a poet, but by 
her distinct individuality she carved out a niche wlndi 
Bhe alone could fill. Simply and awectly ahe sang the 
love of God, and His way of aalvation. To this end, and 
for tela object, ber whole life and all her powera were 
consecrated. Sac Uvea and speaka In every tine of ber 
poetiy. Her poems are permeated wttb the tragnmoa 
uf ber paaalonate love of Jeaua. 

Her religious views and theological Was are distinctly 
set forth in her poems, and may be described as mildly 
CaLviidatic, without the severe dogmatic tenet of repro- 
bation. The burden of her wrltlrga la a free and fnll 
salvation, through the RedeeiwT's merits, for every 
sinner who will receive It, and her life waa devoted to 
tbe proclamation of thta truth by personal labours, 
literary efforts, and earnest Interest m Foreign Misctona. 

[J. D,] 

Miss Havergal's hymns were frequently 
printed by J. 3s B. Parlane as leaflets, and 
by Caswell A Co. as ornamental cards. They 
wero gathered together from time to time 
and published in her works as follows: — 

(11 Mtntitry of Song, loss; XVj TtoOve Saertd Songs 
for Little Singers, 1SI0 ( (3) Under the Smfatx, 1S14 ; 
(4) loyal Sapauei, isrs j (6) Tjft Mokhc, 1st* ; 
(«) Life Ckvris, 1890 ; (I) Lift Scheet, 18B3. 

About 15 of the more important of Miss 
Havergal's hymns, including "Golden harps 
are sounding," "I gave my life for thee," 
"Jesus, Master, Whose I am," " Lord, speak to 
me," " O Master, at Thy feet," " Take my life 
and let it be," " Tell it out among tlie heathen," 
to., are nnnotatid under their respective first 
lines. The retst^ which are iu C. U., number 



HAVERGAL, FRANCES B. 

noariy SO. These we give, together with dates 
and places of composition, from the Havergal 
M8&, and the works in which they were 
published. Those, and they are many, which 
were printed in Pariaite't Series of Leaflet* are 
distinguished at (P., 1872, 4c), and those in 
GatweW* series (G, 1873, ftc> 

1. A happy NawYear! Ivenauoh may it be. Ben 
Year. From Fader the Surface, 1874. 

i. Certainly I wilt b« with the*. Birthday. Sept. 
1811, at Perry Bur. (P. Intl.) Pub. In Under the 
Surface, 1874, and Life Motaie, 1819. 

S. Church of CM, beloved and obeeen, Sanctifed in 
Christ Jitut, 1813. (P. 1873.) Pub. In PtMfcr Ok 
Surface, 18T4, tod £. Jfemtc, 187B. 

4. Dad Almighty) King of nation). Sovereignty if 
God. 19>!l. Pno. In Under the Surface, 18)4, and £, 
Mosaic, 1879. 

ft. God doth not bid thee wait. God faithful to Bit 
proatitet. Oct. Ml 1868, at Oakhampton. (p. 1889.) 
tub. Id Xinittry of Song, 18W, and L. Motaie, 1879. 

6* God of heaven, bear am aiiuring. A ChUd'shymn 
far Missions. Oct. 31, 1889, at Leamington, Pub. In 
bet Tmlve Sacred Songtfor LitUe Singers. 1B70, and bar 
lift Chordt, 1880. 

7. Ood will take oa» of ni. All through the day. 
ftt Good Shepherd. InMre.&och'a CMldrtn'iB. Bk., 
1881. 

I. [rod'i reiterated all. New rear, 1813, at Winter- 
dyne. CC. 1873.) Pub. in icyol Betpomes, 1818, and 
L. Jfinoie, lew, 

5. Have yen not a word for Jeeni I Boldnettfor the 
Truth. Wo*, mi, at Perry Barr. (P. IBM.) Pnb. in 
Wider the Surface, 1S74, and L. Motaie, 1879. 

IB. He hath apiken in the darknaae. Foiee of God in 
•MTcho. June is, 1869. at JJenhnnaen. (P. 18(0.) Pub. 
in Under the Surface, 18)4, and in L. Motaie, 1879. 

II. Hear the Tather'a eiuient premie*. Promise of 
the Boly Spirit. Aug. 1870. Pub. in Under the Sur- 
face, 18)4, and L. Mosaic, 18)9. 

It, Holy and Infinite! Viewteaa, Eternal. JtiflBiiy 
«jT God. 187S. Pnb. In Paflertte Sur/oca, 1874, and 
L. Jfiwoic, 18)9. 

18, Rely brethren, oaUed and oheaen. Slection a 
motive for Bamatnett . 18)3. Fab. in Snepp'e Songs 
o/ff. *<?., 1878, 

14, I am trneting Thee, lord Jeenu. faith. Sept. 
18)4, at Omwnt Deesons. (i>. 18)4.) Pub. In foyoJ 
ifenKnuet, 18)8, and L^fe Chords, 18B0. Mias Haver. 
gara tnne, Prbtme (Snepp'e £ if G. <t P., 1948), wee 
contnoeed for Una hymn. The hymn waa tbe author'a 
" own favourite," and was found in her pocket BibLeafter 
her death. 

15. I bring "ey ehae to The*. Betting all on Java. 
June, 18)9. (P. 18)9.) Printed in the Sunday Maga- 
thte, 18)0. and Home Word*, IBM. Pnb. in Fnder the 
Surface, 18)4, and Ltfk Chordt, 1889. 

IS, I oonld not do without Thee. Jetut All in AH. 
May 7, 1873. (P;1B13.) Printed in Heme Wordt, 1879, 
and pnb. In Wider the Surface, 1874, and L. Motaie, 
13)*. 

If. In full and g3ad aomnder. Confirmation. MLsa 
HavergaTa sister aaya thia hymn wae " The epitome of 
her [KlBaF. R. H.*a] Me and the focus of its eunshlne," 
It la a beautiful hymn of personal consecration to God at 
all times. 

11. In the evulaf there ia weeping, amw/*- 
lotted by Joy. June 19, 1889, at the Hotel Jnngfrau- 
bllck, Interiaken. "It rained ail day,except every 
bright Interval before dinner. Cnrlom long soft white 
clouds went slowly creeping along the Schefntge Ptntte \ 
I wrote ' EvudngTcara and Mornine Sonea/ (Marg. 
reading of Pa. in. 6.)" {P. 1870.) T>ub.ln m&cr the 
Surface, 18)4. 

19. Inure*** our faith, beloved Lord, Xncreate of 
Faith detired. In Loyal Kapotuet, 19)8, in 11 et. of 
4 1., on St. T,uhe xvil. fi. It la u 
abridged form. 

50, la it for me, dear Bariour 1 J9eonn anticipated. 
Nor. 1871, at Perry Ban. (P. 18)3.) Pnb. In Under 
the Surface, 1874, and h. Motaie, 1879. 

51. larael of Ood, awaken. C&ritt our Bighteout- 
nstf. Hay. 18)1, at PenyBarr. (P. 18)3.) Pub. In 
Under the Surface, 1874, and L. Motaie, 18)9. 

II, JeoOTeh'a oorvnant ahall endure. The Divine 

Covenant, 1873. Pnb. In Snepp'a 5>nf j o/ £, 4 ff,,18T8. 

gj. JTaftu, bleaaed Barwor. Jftw year, Nov. SB, 



i uanaily glren in an 



HAVEKGAL, FEANOE8 R. 497 

1871, at Leamington. (P. 1873.) Printed in tbe Day- 
tpring Magatine, Jan. 1873, and puo. In Life Chordt, 
1880. 

St. Jeana enly! In the tbadow, Serut Ail in Alt, 
Dec 4, 1879, at Pyrmont Villi. (P. & C. 18)1.) Pub. 
in tinier the Surface, 18)4, and in L. Motaie, 1879. 

2ft. Joined to Ohriat by [in] myatio union. The Church 
ike .Body qf Chritt. May. nil. »t Perry Barr. (i', 
1873.) Pub. In Under the Surface, 1814, L, Motaie, 
1879. 

U. Juat irfwu Thou witt, Matter, eall, Betigna- 
tion. In Zoyol iresN»ua, 1878, En 8 at. of 4 1., and 
Whiting's ays. for the Church Catholic, 1883. 

17. Sag Eternal and Immortal, Goi Cental. 
Written at Perry Villa, Perry Barr, Feb. 11, 1871, and 
pub. in Suepp'a Smgt of G. A G., 18)9; Under the 
Surface, 1871 j and iift Mataic, 18)9, 

IS. Light after darkneaa, Gain after loai. Peace in 
Jetut, and the Divine Bewardr In Sankey'a Sac. 
Songt and Solot, from her Life Motaie, 18)9. 

89. like a nrer gtorioni, II trod'f perfeet Peace. 
Peace. In her Loyal Betpontet, 1878, In 3 at. of 8 1., 
with tbe cborne, " Stayed upon Jehovah." In several 
collectiona. 

30, Matter, apeakl Thy aerraat heareth. flsBow- 
thip with and Attittancc from Christ detired. Snnday 
evening, May 19, 18BT, at Weeton^uper-Mare. Pub. 
in Mimttry of Smg, 1889, and L. Mosaic, 18Tft. It is 
very popular. 

' SI. Kew meniaa, new bleaataca, new light on thy 
way. JVe» Life in Christ. 18)4, at Winterdyne. (C. 
ie)4.) Pub. In Under Bit Shadow, 1879, Life Chordt, 
1889. 

gg, Mot year own, hnt Hie ye are, Jrlrafonr, Jan. 
31, 1BB7. (C. 1887.) Pub. to Mimittry of Song, 1889 ; 
L. Mosaic, 18)9 ; and the Byl. for Church Miuient, 

1984. 

53. Mow let na aiiig the annia t aong;, Christmas. 
In her Life Mosaic, 18)9 ; and W. it. Stevensun'B School 
Bymnal, ibso. 

54, Mow th* daylight foe* away. Beenivg. Oct. 
11, I8H>, at Leanungton. Pub. in Sengt for little 
Situfert, 1810, and life Chords, 1889. It originally read, 
** flow the light haa gone away." 

85. Mow th* aowing- and the waepijif . Sorrva fol- 
lowed by Joy. Jan, 4, 1378, at Leamington. Printed 
in Sunday at Borne, islo t and pub. in l r nder the Sur- 
face, 1874, and L. Mosaic, 1879. 

(6, Gloriena Ood and Ming, PraiM to the Father. 
Feb. 1813. Pub. in under the Surface, 1874, and /* 
Mosaic, 1B79. 

37, Sarionr, preoiena [holy] Saviour. Christ vor. 
shipped by the Clmreh. Mov, 1870, at Leamington, (p. 
1819.) Pub. in Under the Surface, 1874, and I. Mosaic, 
1879. 

88. thos choaem Qhnreh of Jeana. Meeiion, April 
t, 1871. Pub. in Ktoer the Surface, 1874, and L, 
Mosaic, 1819. 

39. what eredaatinf bleaelnga Ood oatpmueth en 
Mia own, Satwttm etwrtutina. Aug. 13, 187], at 
Perry Birr. ip. 1871.) Pub. bl Under the Surface, 
IB14, and L. Motaie, 1B79. 

U. Our Father, our Father, Who dwaueat in light, 
3ne tHettina qf the Father detired. May 14, 1873. Pub. 
in under the Surface, 1814, audi. Motaie, lBlft. Mtsa 
Havergai'a tune, Tartius , wae composed for tola hymn. 

41. Onr Saviour and our Sing. Fracntatian ef the 
Church to the Pother. (HebTTl. — " " 
Perry Barr. (P. 1871.) Pub. In OJider 
1874, and L. Motaie, 1879. 

48. PreoiouB, preoioua blood of Jesua, Slfce preciout 
Blood. Sept. 1874, at Ormont Deeaona. (JO.) Pnb. in 
Loyal Bapmtet, 1878, and We Chords, 1889. 

43. Sing, heaTena, the Lord hath done it. Redemp- 
tion. In her Life Mosaic, 1879, and tbe Universal 
B. Bit., 1898. 

44. Sit down beneath Mia ahadow. Baly Communion. 
Nov. 27, 1879, at Leamington. (P. 18)0.) Pub. in 
Onder the Suifaee, 1974, end />. Motaie, 1879. 

46, Sovereign Lord and graoiona Maater, Grace 
conmmmafediA Glory. Oct. 22, 1871. (P. 1873.) Pub. 
in Under the Surface, 1874, and L. Motaie, 1619. 

48. Standing at the _portal of the opening year. Arte 
Tear. Jan. 4, 1873. Pub. in Under the Surface, 1814, 
and Life CAordt, 1889. 

47, To 3Aee, Oomlsrter divine. Praise to the Bety 
Spirit. Aug. 11, 187J, at Perry Barr, Pub. in Cnder 
the Surface, 187J, and L. Motaie, J879. MIjb Havergal'i 
tuue, Tryphosa, woe written for thie hymn. 



13.) Hay, 1871, i 
"rr the Surface, 



498 HAVEBGAL, WILLIAM H. 

tf. True-hearted, whole-hearted, fiutbful end loyaL 
Rtithfvlnett to the Saviour. In her Loyal Betponset, 
I8T8, end the Univerial B. jb%, 1885. 

49, What know we, Half Qui, of Theel Gwt't 
^nrftualtVy, 1812. Pub. in [Tnder tee Sur/oas, 181*, 
and Zr^fi Mua&, 1879. 

10* Who is on the Lord's side! iZlntu Jforiotu, Oct. 
13, 1871. Pub. In Loyal Betponsts, 1818, and £{/is 
CAordt, 1890. 

£1. With quivering heart and trembling- will. Besig- 
nation. July, 10, IBM, at Luccombe Rector?. (,P. 
188*0 f"*- ™ JKnitfrS If &"<0> 1869, and it. Kosate, 
1879. 

M. Will ye net eome to Him for life I I*e <?o»pd 
r»rito*wn. 1813. Pub. in Snepp's .Smor 0/ ft * ft, 
181 a. 

58, Worthy of all adoration, Praise to Jesut as the 
tomb upon the throne. Feb. 30, 1B8T, at Oakbampton. 
Pub. in Miwtttry of Sang, 1869, and i. Mosaic, 181*. 
It is pt. iii. of the " Threefold Praise," and was suggested 
by the" Wovthy it tie Lamb," the "Hallelujah 1 ' and 
•' Amen " choruses in Handel's Messiah. 

64. Ye who hear the blessed eon. ISe PnvUation of 
the Spirit and the Bride. March, I860, at Leamington, 
(.p. 18B90 Pub. in Ministry of Sang. 1B89, and Life 
Afosafc, 1879. Suggested by, and written for, the Young 
Men's Christian Association. 

it. Tea, He know* the way if dreary, «neo«™ae- 
nenf. 1MI. Pub, in Ministry of Sang, 1869. 

Most of theao hymns are given in Snepp's 
Songs of Grace and Glory, 1872}md 1876, his 
Appendix, 1374, and the Musical ed., 1880, 
and many of them ate also in several other 
hymn-books, including H. A. & iff., Hiring, 
Church Sys., Hy. Gomp., &c., and somo of the 
lending American collodions. [J. J.] 

Havergal, William Henry, m.a., b. of 

William Havergal, was b. at High Wycombe, 
Buckinghamsliire, 1793, and was educated at 
31, Edmund's Hall, Oxford (b.a. 1815, m.a. 
1819}, On taking Holy Orders ho became in 
1820 Rector of Astley, Worcestershire ; in 
1842, Rector of St Nicholas, Worcester; and 
in 1860, Sector of Shoreshjll, near Wolver- 
hampton. Ho wis also Hon. Canon in 
Worcester Cathedral from 1845. Ho d. April 
18, 1870. His hymns, about 100 in all, wero 
in many instances written for special services 
in his own church, and printed as leaflets. 
Several were included in W. Carus Wilson's 
Bk. of General Psalmody, 1810 (2nd ed., 
1842); and in Metrical Ps.&Byi. for Singing 
in Churches, Worcester, Deighfan, 1840, com- 
monly known as the Worcester Diocetttn ff, 
JBfc., and of which he was the Editor. In 
Life Echoes, 1883, his hymns are given with 
those of Mies Havergal. Of those in C. U, 
the greater part are in Mercer, and Snepp's 
Songs of G. & G. Although his hymns are 
all good, and two or three arc excellent, it is 
nut as a hymn-writer but as a musician that 
Canon Havergal is best known. His musical 
works and compositions included, in addition 
to numerous individual hymn tunes and 
chants, the Gresham Prize Service, 18S6 ; 
the Greshum Prize Anthem, 1845 ; Old Church 
Psalmody, 1840; History of the Old 100th 
Psalm tune, 1854, 4o. He also reprinted 
Ravenscroft's Psalter of 1611, His hymns in 
O. U. include:— 

I. 21ened Jens, Lord and Brother. SWtoot Kttivalt, 
1833. Pnb. In Lift Echoes, 1883. 

). Brighter than meridian splendour. Christ the 
glory of Sit Ctotrth. 1830. Pub.1n W. C. Wilson's Bk. 
of General Ps., 1840 ; the Worcester Ps.&Bys,, 1849, be. 

3, Christiana, awake te joy and praise. Chrittntas 
Carol, c. I860. Printed on hroadeheet, -with music by 
the author, ind sold on behalf of the lancashire Cotton 
Distress Fund, 



HAWE1S, THOMAS 

i. Come, Shepherds, oeme, 'ttsjnst a year, Christ- 
mas Carol. I860. Pub. In Enepp'a Songs of ft 4 ft, 
1ST3. 

5. For ever and for ever, Lord. Missions, 1865, for 
the Church Hiss. Soc. Pub. In Snepp's SofG.A ft, 
1873, and the Life Behoet, 1883, 

0, Hallelujah, Lord, oar voues, Sunday. 182S. 
Pub. in W. C. Wilson's Bk. of General Ft., 1840 ; the 
Worcester PS. A Byt., 1849; Lift Echoes, 1883, ic 

7. Heralds of the Lord of glory, Minions. First 
sang in Astley Church, Sep. 23, 182K. Pub. in Miss 
HsTergal's Starlight through the Shadows, 1S3S ; 
Snspp^ & of G, * 0, 1872, fas. 

8. Hosanna, raise the pealing hymn. Praiee to 
Christ. 1833, and 1st sung in Astley Church, June 9, 
1833, Pub. In W. C. Wilson's Bk. of fenmrf Ptalmodp, 
1840} the Worcester Ps. A Bye., la+9 ; Life Echoes, 
1863, &c 

S. How vast tin field at souls. Missions. I8S8. 
Printed for Shareshill Church Miss. Anniversary, 1863, 
and pub. in Snepp's S.of ft A ft, 1873, and the Life 
Behoet, 1883. 

10, In doubt and dread dismay, JRiitoni. Written 
in 183T, and pnb. in W. C. Wilson's Bk. of General 
PsabM&y, 18*0 ; the Worcester fs. A Hys., 16*9, &c. 

11, Jerusalem Hie golden/ Hie home of aainta snail 
be. .Heaven. Pub. in Lift Echoes, 1863. 

IS. lay times are in Tlw hand, Their best, &o. I860. 
Pub. in Snepp's S.of a. & ft, 1813, the Beeords of tho 
author's lite and work, and Lift Behoa, 1883. The 
editor of tho .Hajorilj eays (p. 159) « this hymn has 
been much appreciated, and well UlustrateB the de- 
votional and cheerful spirit of Hie writer," 

13. Ho dawn of holy light, Sunday. 1835. Printed 
tn 1B31 on a leaflet, and pub. in W. C. Wilson's Bk. of 
OeneroS Psalmody, 18*8; the Worcester Pi. A llyt., 
13*9 1 Life Echoes, 1883, ke. 

It, OurfeithfulOodhathsentiu. Ifarvtst. Written 
at Shareshill in 1663, for a Harvest Festival. Pub. In 
Snepp's S. ofG.A ft, 1811, and Life Echoes. 1883. 

IS, Shout, earth J from ailenoe waking. lWaise to 
Jesus for Redemption. 18*1. Pub. in the Worcester 
Ps. A Hys., 1849 ; Snepp's S.afG.A ft, IBM, &c. 

10, So hajiy all the day, Carisbnaj Ouro!. c. 1834, 
Pub. In Snepp s S. of ft * ft, 1813. 

17. Soon the trumpet of salvation. Missions. 1B36, 
Pub. In Snepp's S. of ft A ft, 18T3. 

IS. To praise our Shennerd'a [Baviour'a] care. The 
Good Shepherd. Written after witnessing the death of 
Elisabeth Edwards, aged 13; of St. Nicholas, Woroceter, 
and printed as a leaflet. Pub. tn W. C. Wilson's Bk. of 
Cesernt Psalmody, 1840 ; the Worcester Ps. A Jlys., 
18*9 ; Life Behoet, Jtc, 1883. The author also pub. a 
Memoir of the child. 

19, Widely 'midst the alumoeringnationa. Missions. 
1838. Pub. m the Worcester Ft. AJfys., 1849 ; Snepp's 
$.ofG.& ft, IBJi, kc. 

In addition to these hymns, his carols, " How 
grand, and how bright, "Our fostal morn is 
come," and others are annotated under their 
respective first lines. Most of these carols 
and hymns were reprinted in Christ/mat Carols 
& Sacred Sonne, Chiefly by Hie Hev. W. S. 
Havergal, Lend., Nisbefc, 1869. [J. J.] 

Hawele, Tliomas, ll.b., h.d., h. at Truro, 
Cornwall, 1732. After practising for a time 
as a Physician, he entered Christ's College, 
Cambridge, where he graduated. Taking 
Holy Orders, he became Assistant Preacher to 
M, Madan at the Lock Hospital, London, and 
subsequently Sector of All Saints, Aldwincle, 
Northamptonshire. He was also Chaplain to 
Lady Huntingdon, and for several yeorB offi- 
ciated at her Chapel in Bath. He d. at Bath, 
Feb, 11, 1820, He published several prose 
works, including A History of the Church, A 
Translation of the New Testament, and A 
Commentary on the Scly Bible. His hymns, 
a few of which are of more than ordinary 
merit, were pub. in his 

Carolina Christa ? or. Hymns to the Saviour. Be* 
signed for the Use and Comfort of Those who vxtrship 
the Lamb that i«h slain. Bstb, S. Hsyward, 179S ("13S 



HAWKEB, ROBERT 

hymns), enlarged. London, 1808 (25* hymns), la 1194, 
or sometime alter, tmt before tbe enlarged edition tu 
pub., two hymns " For the Fust-day, Feb. W, 1TOV' 
were added to tbe 1st ed. These were, "Big with 
events, another year," and "Still o'er the deep the 
cannon's roar." 

Tho most popular and widely used of hio 
hymns are, "Behold the Lamb of God, Who 
lore," &c; "Enthroned on high, AlinigkW 
Lord" ; and " O Thou from Whom all good- 
ness flows." The rest, all being from Car- 
mina Chriato, 1st ed. 1792, aw ;— 

1. Dark was tbe night and cold tbe ground. Getiue- 



2. From tbe cross uplifted high. Chrtet in Glory, 

3. Kreit Spirit, by Whose mighty power, 



Whitsun- 



tide, 

4. Submissive to Thy will, my God. Betign&tion. 

s. Tbe happy morn is come. Salter. 

6. Thou limb of God, that on tbe tree. Good 
Friday. Tbe hymn, "Thy Head, tbe crown of thorns 
that wears," In Btryker & Main's Chmth Mil Bk., 
U. Y., I8S2, begins witb at. li. of this hymn. 

1. To Tbee, my God and Saviour, My heart, ic 
Prate for £edtmption, [J. J.] 

Hawker, Robert, m.d., was b. at Exeter 
in 1753, trad educated for the medical pro- 
fession. In 1778 he took Holy Orders, and in 
1781 became Incumbent of Charles tho Martyr 
Church in Plymouth, where he remained 
until his death, ouAprtt6,1827. Dr. Hawker 
was well known as a controversial and theo- 
logical writer. His name is also associated 
with hymns, especially " Lord dismiss us with 
Thy blessing," and a few others. He pub. : — 

Ptalms and Mymnt amg *jf the Children cf the 
Sunday School, in the Parith Church of Chorlet, Ply- 
mouth, at tfce fl&Watt Fetning Lecture, n.d. [c. 178TJ 

This collection is noticeable as having been 
one of the first hymn-bookspublished in con- 
nection with the Sunday School movement. 
It had some slight influence on later collec- 
tions [(thadren'i Hymns, § iii.]. He also pub. 
in pamphlet form : — 

The Abba, Amen, and Cbrpus Chriili Hymu. By 
Dr. Bamker, London: A. A. «irii,lS18. 

These hymns, which are accompanied by 
passages of Holy Scripture, are : — 

1. Abba, Father ! Lord we call Thee, and the Father, 

2. We bless Tbee, Thou great Amen ! Amen. 

3. When first at God's command. The church e/ 
ChHtt. [J. J.] 

Hawker, Eobert Stephen, m.a„ grand- 
son of Dr. Bobert Hawker, was b. at Ply- 
mouth, Dec. S, 1801, and educated at Pem- 
broke College, Oxford (b.a. 1828, M.A. 1836), 
On taking Holy Orders in 1829, he became 
Curate of Welloombe, Devon, and in 1831 
Vionr of Morwenstow, Cornwall. He d. at 
Morwenstow, Aug. 15, 1873, having been re- 
ceived into the Soman Catholic communion 
the previous evening. He pub. several poe- 
tical works, including Ecclesia, 1810, in which 
some of his hymns appeared. Hymns by 
him were also pub. in Lyra Mesaianiea, 1861. 
His '' Child Jesus, a Cornish Carol," begin- 
ning, " Welcome, that star in Judah's sky," 
appeared in both these works. Very few of Ms 
hymns are in C. U. [J. J.] 

HawkeBworth, John, j,l,b. (b. 1715, 
and d. Nov. 1773), a writer in the Gentleman's 
Magazine, proprietor and editor of the jlif- 
venturer, and friend of Johnson, Wsrton, and 
other literary men of note, pub., in 1760, 
Poems and Translations, and was the author 
of the well-known Morning hymn " In Bleep's 



HAYN, HENB1ETTE L. VON 499 

serene oblivion laid.'' This hymn was com- 
posed in 1773, "about a month before his 
death, in a wakeful hour of the night and 
dictated to his wife on rising. It appeared in 
tho XJmveraal Theological Magazinefot March, 
1802." (Miller's Singers A Songs, Ac, p. 210.) 
It was given in Collyer's Set, 1812; the 
Leeds H. Bk., 1853; and others; and is in 
somewhat extensive use in America. It some- 
times begins, as in the American Unitarian 
Hyt. for the Charch of Christ, 1853, with st. ii., 
" New born, I bless the waking hour." [J. J.] 

Hawkins, Ernest, b.d., b. of Major 
Hawkins, b. Jan. 25, 1802, at Hitohin, and 
educated at Balliol College, Oxford (b.a. 
1812). He was for sometime a Fellow of 
Exeter College, On taking Holy Orders he 
became Curate of Bmwaeh, sub-librarian of 
the Bodleian Library, Curate of St George's, 
Bloomsbury, Minister of Curzon Chapel, 
Mayfair, London, Prebendary of St. Paul's, 
and Canon of Westminster, From 1838 to 
his death, Oct 5, 1866, he also acted as secre- 
tary to the S.P.G. Besides his prose works, 
which were not numerous, he pub. Verses in 
commemoration of the Third Jubilee of the 
S.P.Q., 1851-2. To this little collection his 
hymns were contributed. The most exten- 
sively used of these, "Lord, a Saviour's love 
displaying" ^Missions), has been adopted by 
many collections. [J. J,] 

Hawks, Annie Sherwood. Mrs. 
Hawks was b. in Horsiok, N. Y., May 28, 

1835, and has resided for many years at Brook- 
lyn. Her hymns were contributed to Bright 
jewels. Pure Gold, Royal Diadem, Brightest 
and Best, Temple AnfAems, Tidal Wave, and 
other popular Sunday School hymn-books. 
They include "I need Thee every hour** 
(written April, 1872), " Thine, most gracious 
Lord," " Why weepest thou ? Whom seekest 
thou ? " and others of the same type. [J. J.] 

ECayn, Henrietta Iiulse von, dan. of 
GeoiK Heinrich von Hayn, master of the 
hounds to the Dnko of Nassau, was b. at 
Idstein, Nassau, May 22, 1721. In 1746 she 
was formally received into the Moravian com- 
munity at Hermbaag. There, and, alter the 
dissolution of this community, at Grosahen- 
neradorf, and, after 1751 at Herrnknt, she was 
engaged as teacher in the Girls' Sohool ; and 
after 1766 in caring for tho invalid sisters of 
the community. She d. at Hermhut, Aug. 27, 
1782. (Koch, Yi. 443-447 ;AUg. Deutsche Biog., 
xi 158, &c.) She was a gifted hymn-writer. 
A fervent love to Christ pervades her produc- 
tions ; and they are remarkably free from tho 
nnpleasant Ben ti mental ism and that dwelling 
on tho physical details of our Lord's Passion 
which mars so many of the Moravian hymns 
of that period. Over 40 hymns or portions of 
hymns try her are included in the BrSder 
Q. B. of 1778. Only one has come into Eng- 
lish use outside the Moravian hymn-books, 
viz. : — 

Weil ion hsu BuhKildu bin. Children. This 
beautiful hymn for children, regarded as Lamba 
of the Good Shepherd, first appeared in the 
BrSder (f. B., 1778, No. 1179, in it Bt. of 8 I. 
It ha* been Included in many recent German 
collections, as the Berlin Q, L, S., ed. 1863, 
No, 120. Tr. as;— 



500 HE COMETH, ON YON 

1. Josns makes my heart rejoiw, in full, by 
F. W. Foster and J. Miller, as No. 576 in the 
Moravian H. Bk., 1789 (1886, No. 1006). In- 
cluded, from the ed. of 1826, in Dr. Pagen- 
stccher's Coll., 1864> and others. 

1. Seeing I mm Igui' limb, a good and full tr, 
by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Ger., 2nd Ser., 
1858, p. 90. Eepeated m the People K, 1867, 
Bk. of Praise far Children, 1881, and in America 
in the Pennsylvania Lnth. Ch. Bk., 1868, &c. 

>. I am Jems' little lamb, a good and full tr. 
by Dr. W. F. Stevenson for his //. for Ch. $ 
Home, 1873, e. 58, dated 1871. Repeated in 
Allon's Cluldren's Worship, 1878, the Methodist 
S. S. H. Bk., 1883, and others. 

Another to, is : "Since I'm Jesus* eheep 1 am," by 
R. Mueie, in the Day of Bat, 1880, p. $23. [J. M.] 

He cometh, on yon hallowed Board. 

Cecil F. Alexander. [Holy Communion.] Ap- 
peared in Lyra Anglicana, 1865, p. 140, in two 
parts, pt. i. beginning as above, and pt ii. as 
"O Jean, bruised and wounded more," the 
second part having previously appeared in 
Mrs, Alexander's Legend of the Golden Prayers, 
&&, 1859. Ft. i. ia given in tlie 1871 Appendix 
to Snepp's Songs o/G. & G., No. 1088, as " He 
oometh as the Bridegroom comes." [J. J.J 

Ha dies ! the Heavenly Lover dies. 
J. Watts. [Passiontidc] 1st pub. in his 
Hotx Lyriese, 2nd ed., 1709, in 6*st of 4 1., 
and headed, " Christ Dying, Rising, and 
Eeigning." In 1753, J. Wesley reprinted il in 
full, and without alteration, in his Select Hys. 
for the Use of Christians of all Denominations, 
1753 ; and it was also adopted by others. The 
popular form of the text is that given to it 
by M. Madan in his Pt. <fc Hys., 1760, No. 
Ill, which reads (the italics being Madan's 
alterations) : — 

He dies t the Friend of Sinners dies ! 

lei Satan's daughter' nxtp arwnd / 
A solemn darkness veils the skies ; 

A sudden trembling shakes the ground ; 
Come saints and drop s tear or two, 

mr J>fiw into groan'd bmenift gmlr load ; 
He etaed a thousand drops for you, 

A thousand drops of richer blood 1 
Here's love and grief beyond degree, 

The Lord of glory dies for men ! 
But lo 1 -what sudden Joys we see 1 
J* bus, the dead, revives again ! 
The rising God forsakes the tomb ! 

{Hie tomb in vain forbids His rise'') 
Cherubic legions guard Him home, 

And shout Him welcome to the skies ! 
Break oiF your tears ye saints, and tell 
How high our great Deliverer reigns ! 
Sing how He spou'd the hosts of hell, 

And led the monster death in chains J 
Say "Live forever, wond'rous King ! 

Bom to redeem ! and strong to save " I 
Tnen ask the monster, " Where's thy sting. 
And wnere's thy Victory, boasting grave." 

This text was repeated, with slight varia- 
tions, by A. M. Toplady, in his Ps. & Hys., 
1776, No. 185, and also by other and later 
editore, and is, with the change of a word 
here and there, the received text of the hymn 
in G-. Britain and America. 

Miller (Singers & Songs of the Ch., 1869), 
Stevenson (Methodist E. Bk. Note*, 188SX and 
others state that the foregoing alterations 
wore made by J. Wesley. Wesley, however, 
did not include the hymn in the Wes. H. Bit. in 
1780 in any form whatever. It was added, as 
altered by M. Madan, to the We*. H. Bk. by 
tho Wesleynn Conference in 1800 (i.e. nine 



HE IS GONE -BEYOND THE 

years after Wesley's death), and must have 
been taken from Madnn's Ps. <fe Hys. of 1700, 
or some other collections which had copied 
from Madan. Wesley made use of the ori- 
ginal text in 1753 (as above) ; but there is no 
evidence to show that he ever countenanced 
Madan's alterations, much less claimed them 
as his own. 

Another altered version of this hymn ap- 
peared as, "He dies! the Man of Sorrows 
dies," in Hall's Mitre, 1836, and is repeated 
in several modem collections. [X J.] 

He filled the cup with wine, and 
said. Bp. E. R. Bickenteth. [Holy ftmwntt- 
n«w.] Written in 1850, and pub. m his Ps, 
* By*-,, 1858, in 6 st. or 41. In 1863 it was 
given in Kennedy, and later in the New Cong. 
and other collections. In the author's Too 
Brothers and other Poems, 1872, p. 251, it 
appeared in a new form as, "The hear is 
come ; the feast is spread." This revision was 
made for the H. Conyp., 1870, In the anno- 
tated ed. of the same Bp. Bickersteth says : — 

" This hymn for the Holy ConununioD, by the Editor, 
has been revised for this work. He ventures to mclnde 
It, as touching on one aspect of the Lord's Supper, not 
usually alluded to in sacramental hymns, vis., Matt. 
KJtvl, S9." [J. J.] 

He has cornel the Christ of God. 
B. Boiiar. [Christmas.'] Appeared in the 
1st series of his Eys. of Faith and Hope, 18S7, 
in 6 st. of 4 1, and needed " A Bethlehem 
Hymn," with the motto " Mundum implens in 
praescpio jacens," Augustine. In its fall, or 
in an abridged form, it is in several collections 
in G. Britain and America. [J. J.] 

He is coming, He is coming, Not as 
once, &c Cecil F. Alexander, nSe Humphrey*. 
[Advent.'] 1st pub. in her Hys. Descriptive 
and Devotional, 1858, No. v., in 8 st of 41. 
It has passed into several collections in G. 
Britain and America, and is increasing in 
popularity. [J. J.] 

He is gone — Beyond the shies. A. P. 

Stanley. [Aicemton.] Inanote to this hymn 
given in his Christ in Song, 1870, p. 261, Dr. 
Schaff says concerning it ; — 

"It Is here given complete from a us. copy kindly 
furnished by the author to the editor, on Ascension 
Day, May e, less. The Dean Informs me that this 
hymn ' was written about ten years ago (1SS9), at the 
request of a Mend, whose children bad complained to 
him that there was no suitable hymn for Ascension Day, 
and who were eagerly asking what had been the feetingB 
of the disciples after that event.' " 

It first appeared in MaemUlan's Mat 
for June, 1862 (vol. vi. p. 153), 
signed "A. P. S." In the Westminster Abbey 
H. Bk., 1883, it is given in full in 7 st. of 8 1. 
It has also furnished the following centos 
which are in C. U. : — 

1. Christ is gone— A cloud of light, In the Bop. 
Pi. & Hys. Suppt., isaa. 

1. He is gone— A dond of light. This revised and 
abbreviated version was given with the authors consent, 
la the Chapel Royal, <Ssvoy, Hymnary Awa., 1ST0, and 
repeated in the S. P. C. K. Cfture* Hys. and other 
collections. 

3. He is gone — and we remain. In Atlbrd's Tear 
of Praise, 1867, and also several American hymn-books. 

4, He is gene — Towarfs their gosL In the Wet* 
lingtm CM. ChapA Bys., 1SB0. 

i. He is gone— we heard Him ooy. In the Oberlin 
Manual of Gratis, 1680. 

Taken in these various: forma, the use of 
this hymn is extensive. [J. J.] 



HE IB EISEN ! HE IB 

He is risen! He is risen! Tell it 
with ft joyful sound. Cecil F. Alexander, 

nee Humphrey: [Easter."} 1st pub. in her 
Yerta for Eoly StcuoM, 184ft, in 5 at. of 3 1. 
It is given in several collections, and some- 
times as " Christ is risen ! Christ is risen 1 " 
&c., as in the Hy». for the Church Catholic, 
1882. [J. J.] 

He lives ! the great Bedeemer lives. 
.inns Steele. [Easter.] 1st pub. in her Poems 
«t Subject* chiefly Devotional, 1760, vol. L 
p. 64, in 5 st. of 4 L end entitled, " The In- 
tercession of Christ," and in Sedgwick's reprint 
of her Hymn, 1863, p. 40. It passed into the 
Nonconformist collections through Bippon's 
flel., 1767; and into those of the Oil. of 
England through Toplady*s Pt. A Ey»., 2nd 
ed. 1787. It is one of the most popular of 
the author's hymns, and is in extensive use, 
especially in America. [J. J.J 

He sendeth sun, He sendeth shower. 
Sarah Adam, nae Flower. [BetUmalion.~] 
Contributed to and let pnb. in W. J. Pox's 
Ey*. and Anthem*, 1841, No. 101, in 3 Bt of 
6 1. It is in extensive use, especially in 
America. Sometimes it is given as " God 
sendeth sun, He sendeth shower," as in the 
Leeds H. Bk., 1853. and other collections. 

[J. J.] 

He that is down needs fear no fall. 
J. Bunyan. [Humility.'] This hymn was 
given in Banyan's Pilgrim's Progress, 1384, 
Ft. ii., as the Shepherd Boy's song heard by 
Great-heart, Christiana, and the rest of the 
pilgrims in the Valley of Humiliation. It is 
thus introduced : — 

" Now, as they war* going aloDg, sod talking, they 
wpled a boy feeding hia ftuier's uieep. The boy wu 
In very mean clothes, but of a very freeb and weli- 
fevoured countenance ( tod as be sat by himself, be 
Mbit. Hark, uld Hi. Great-heart, to what the shep- 
herd's boy salth. So they hearkened, and he eald ; 

* He that te down needs feu no fall ; 

lie that ta low, no pride ; 

He that la bumble, ever shall 

Have Ood to be hi* Guide. 

* I am content with what I have, 

Little be it or much ; 
And, Lord, contentment still I crave, 
Because Thou aavest such. 

* Fullness to such a burden la, 

That go on pilgrimage; 
Here little, and hereafter Maa, 
la best from age to age.' 
•"Then aiM the Guide, So you hen him? I will 
date to ley. that this boy Uvea a merrier life, and wean 
more of that herb called heart"! ease in his bosom, than 
he that is clad In aLLk and velvet i but we will proceed 
in our discourse." 

This hymn was frequently included in the 
older hymn-books, bat it is seldom found in 
modem collections. [J. J.] 

He was there alone,' when even. 

Sir J. Bowring. [Retirement and Devotion.] 
Appeared in his Hymns, 1829, in 4 st. of 4 L 
In 1848 it was given in Longfellow and John- 
son's Book of Hy»., Boston, in 3 at. In this 
form it has been repeated in a few modem 
Unitarian collections. [J. J.] 

He who walks in irirtnefo [God's 
true] 'way. Sir J. Bowring. [Peace.] 1st 
pub. in the 2nd ed. of his Matins and Vespers, 
&c, 1824, in 3 st. of 8 1., and again in the 
Srded., 1841. In its original form it is not 



HEADLAtt, MABGAEET A 601 

often found in C. V. An altered text is Riven 
in Kennedy, 1863, us " He who walks in Ood't 
true way." [J. J,] 

He wills that I should holy be. C. 

Wesley. [Holiness.] A cento from his £bort 
Eymns, &c, 1782, thus ;— 

St. I., ii. SHort iTyuwu. Vol. 1!., No, 631. 1 Thcs. 
Iv. 3. 

St. ill., Iv. Short Uymm. Vol. !., No. 315. Dcut. 
xxx. fl. 

St. v.. vi. Short Bymm. Vol. 1., No. 838. Ps. 
exlili. 10. 

St. vU., viiL Short nym.ni. Vol. it, No. HI. a. 
Matt. xlT. se. 

In this form it was given in the Wei. H. Bk., 
1780, No. 396, is continued in the revised ed., 
1875, and is found in many collections in G. 
Britain and America, [J. J.] 

Head of Thy [the! Church trium- 
phant. C. Wesley. (In time of Troupe.'] 
1st pub. in his Mm. for Timet of Trouble for 
the Year 1745, No. xv., in 4 st. of 10 1. (P. 
Work*, 1868-72, vol. ir. p. 79). The special 
Trouble was the threatened attack on England 
by Charles Edward Stuart, the young Pre- 
tender, in consequence of which, together 
with foreign wars, a National Fast was pro- 
claimed. This 'Wesley tract, composed on 
that occasion, contained IS hymns. This 
hymn was included in Whitefield'g Coll., 1753 ; 
Madon's Pi. & Eye., 1760; Toplady's Ft. & 
Eys., 1773 ; the early editions of the Lady 
Huntingdon Coll., and others of the older 
hymn-books. Gradually it became very po- 
pular, and its use extended to most English- 
speaking countries. Notwithstanding this 
success it was excluded from the Wee. E. Bk. 
until the revised ed., 1875. It has been and 
still is often attributed to Be Courey. The 
mistake began with Bickersteth in his Christ. 
Psalmody, 1833. He copied from De Courcy's 
Coll., in which authors' names were not given, 
and was thus led into the error. In the last 
stanza of the hymn there is a reference to the 
death of Stephen, which has led in a few in- 
stances to the adoption of the hymn for St. 
Stephen's day. 

In Archdeacon Robinson's Last Days of 
Bishop Eeber, pp. 179-160, quoted in Heber's 
Life, 1830, vol. ii. pp. 435-6, the Archdeacon 
says, under ilate"Tnchinopoly, April 2,1826" 
(the day before tbo Bishop's sudden death 
at that place) : — 

" On returning from church in the morning,! was ao 
111 aa to be obliged to go to bed, and with his [the 
Blshopfe] usual affectionate consideration, be came and 
est the greater part of the afternoon with me. . . . 
Our conversation thie afternoon turned chiefly on the 
blessedness of Heaven, and the beat means of preparing 
for Its enjoyment. He repeated several lines of an old 
hymn which be said, bk spite of one or two expressions 
which familiar and injudicious use had tended to vul- 
garise, be admired aa one of the most beautiful in our 
language, for rich and elevated tone of devotional feeling. 
* Head of the Church triumphant! 
We Joyfully adore Thee,' " &c. 

This is great praise. The hymn, however, 
lacks the refinement which is so marked a 
feature in the fittest of C. Wesley's composi- 
tions. Its use is extensive. [J. J.] 

Headlam, Margaret Ann, daughter of 
Yen. John Heudlam, Archdeacon of Rich- 
mond, b. Jan. 4, 1817, is the author of: — 

1. Holy la the seed-time, when the buried grain, 
ISanat. Written, c. leto, for a Harvest Festival In 



502 HEAL US, EMMANUEL 

the parish of Whorlton, Durham, and pub. In a 
(privately printed) Sufjpi. to Pott's By*., *sc It was 
also given In the S. P. C. K. Church, ffjit^ 1OT1. In hlB 
note thereon {£*. aj» M folio ed. p. lvi.) Mr. Ellerton 
give* these details, and adds an omitted stanta, and an 
original tone ( WAortion) composed for it by Dr. TJyfces. 
B. Thy ootuta, Lord, at* open. Be-opmi«g of a 
Church. Written for the reopening of St, Oswald's 
Church, Durham, Aug. 1, LSS3, and printed oa a 
leaflet. [J. J,] 

Heal us, Emmanuel, here ve are. 

W. Gowper. [Lent.! 1st pub. in the Olnty 
Hymns, 1779, Bk. l, No. 14, in 6 st, of 4 1, 
and headed, " Jehovah Bophi, — I am the 
Lord that healcth thee." It is often found in 
the older collections in its original form, and 
it still retains its place in it few modern hym- 
nals. Token in ita original, and the following 
filtered forms of the test, its use is somewhat 
extensive : — 

1, Bud w, Emmanuel! hoar onr prayer. This 
was given In the SaUrimry E. Etc., 186T, and was re- 
peated in the 8. P. G. K. cfatrcfc Sy>., 1871, and others. 

1, Heal us, Emmanuel, here we stand. In too 
Amer. Tract Society's Songi o/ Kon, 18S4, fee. 

3. Heal us, T ~"*""-'j we are here. In the New 
Cong** IBM, and others, 

*. Divine Phyaieian of the BouL In Keimt&y, 
1803. 

■, Beater Divine, heat our prayer. In a few 
American hymnals, Including the Episcopal Sys. for 
Ch. * Borne. Phila., 1B80. 

The references in this hymn to the father of 
the deaf and dnmh child (St. Mark ix. 24), 
and to the woman healed of the issue of 
blood (St. Mark v. 84), render it most appro- 
priate for use when those portions of Holy 
Scriptures are read in public worship, e.g. 
March 2, and 9. [J. J.] 

Hear, tiord, the songs of praise and 
prayer. W. Gaaper. [Bu/nday School An- 
niversary.] This hymn was pnb. in Bow- 
land Hill s Divine Sy». attempted in Easy 
Language for Children, &c, 1790, p. S8, 
No. 37, in 6 et. of 4 1 and headed, " A hymn 
for Sunday School Children. < Better is a poor 
and wise child than an old and foolish king.' 
Eeel. iv. 13." In bis Preface, p. vil., Hill 
says, Hymns 24 [" How happy are those little 
ones"] and 37 were also added by the gentle- 
man that corrected the publication. It was 
also given in the Christian Observer, Oct. 1808, 
with the following letter as an introduce 
Hon: — , 

" The following hymn, composed by the poet Cowper 
for tiie anniversary of the establishment of the Sunday 
Schools at 4 01ney, and, perhaps, not ill calculated for 
general, use on such anniversaries in other parishes, bas 



never, 1 believe, appeared in print. If you agree with 
me In thinking the publication of it desirable, it la 
much at your service. Its tendency is, certainly, the 



same with tbat of other productions of his pen, " And 
ita internal evidence, as to authorship, is so strong, tbat 
It is perhaps unnecessary for me to say I transcribe a 
copy sent by Mrs. Unwln, in her own handwriting, to 
her daughter, Mrs. Fowler , . . E. KUvEngton, Ossett, 
Aug. 16/' 

The hymn is In 6 st. of 4 1., the opening 
stanza being : — 

" Hear, Lord, the songs of pratee and prayer, 

In heaven. Thy dwelling-place, 

From children made the public care, 

And taught to seek Thy face," 

In the Leeds S. S. H. Ble. t 1833, it is abbre- 
viated to 3 st, and in this form it is known to 
modem collections. One or two of toe re- 
maining stanzas might be added with advan- 

*«*. [J. J.] 



HEAVENLY PATHEB 

Hear what God the Lord hath 
spoken. W. Cowper. [The Church in 
Glory.'] 1st pub. in the Olney Hymns, 1779, 
Bk. i., No. 63, in 3 si of 8 I., and headed, 
"The future peace and glory of the Church." 
It is in somewhat extensive use both in G. 
Britain and America. [J. J.] 

Hearken, ye children of your God. 
P. Doddridge. [Spiritual growth enforced.] 
1st pub. in J. Orion's posthumous ed. of 
Doddridge's Hymns, &c, 1755, No. 300, in 
5 st. of 4 L; and again, with sligbt changes, 
in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the same, 1839. 
In Nippon's Sel. t 1787, No. 470, it waB altered 
to " Attend, ye children of your God." This 
is repeated in several collections in America. 
In the Bapt, Pi. tfe Hyt., 185S, st ii., iii-T., 
are given as " Baptised into our Saviour's 
death, Our souls," fas. This is also repeated 
iu cither collections. [J. J.] 

Hsarn, Marianne, known to the public 
only by her «on» de plume of Marianne Faming- 
ham, was b. at Farningham, in Kent, Deo. 17, 
1834. She resided for short periods at Bristol 
nndGravesend, and since 1865 at Northampton, 
Miss Farningham is a member of the Baptist 
denomination. Her literary work has been 
done chiefly in connection with the Christian 
World newspaper, on the staff of which she 
has been from its first publication. She is 
also editor of the Sunday School Timet. Host 
of her contributions to the ChrUtian World 
have been republished in book form, and in- 
clude : — 

(1) Lays and Lyric* of the Mated Life, 1861. (2) 
Poors, 18SS. (3) JBtrning and Burning Bytmt for 
tie Week, 18T0. (i) Song* of Sunihine, IBM. 

From these works the following hymns have 
passed into C. IT. : — 

I. Fattier Who givest urn now the Hew Tear, Old 
and Ma Vtar. From her Songs of Smihint, IS!S. 

s. Hail the children's festal day, S. School An* 
nivcrtarits. Appeared In the Sunday School Timet, 
un. 

9. let the ehfldren come, Christ said, Chritt't invi- 
tation of children. InG. Barrett's Book of Praia for 
ChUdtat, last. ItwaswritteninlSJV. 

4. When mysterious whispers an floating about, 
Death anticipated. Appeared in the CarftSwm World, 
in the Autumn of 1864 \ and again in her work, Poant, 
18«S. In I. D. Banker's Sac Bangi ASoUk, tt ts entitled 
■' Waiting and Watching for me " (the retrain or each 
stanza), and is altered to ""When my final farewell lo 
tbe world 1 have said." This is the most popular of 
Hiss Beam's hymns. fyf t ^, g,] 

Heathooto, William Beadon, b.c.l., 
was educated at New College, Oxford (b.c.l. 
1840). He was for some timo Fellow and 
Tutor of his Collejje; Precentor of Salisbury 
Oathedral ; Chaplain to the Bp. of Salisbury ; 
and Select Preacher at Oxford. He was 
author of The Pealter pointed to the Gregorian 
Tonet, and of Prayer* for Okildren especially 
in ParoeMal School*, with a Morning and 
Evening Hymn, Oxford, 1846. The hymn 
is given in two forma, one for Morning and 
the second for Evening. It begins:— "O 
Father, Who didst all things make." Mr. 
Heathcote d. in Aug. 1862. [J. J.] 

Heavenly Father, Sovereign Lord, 
Ever faithful, &c G. Wesley. [Promised 
Happiness.] Appeared in Hys. & Sac. Poems, 
1740, as a paraphrase of Isaiah xxxv., in 20 
st. of 4 1. (P. Work*. 1868-72, vol. L p. 290). 
The hymn, "Faint tbe earth, and parched 



HEAVENLY FATHER, TO 

with drought," in Mortineau's Hymn*, Ae., 
1873, and a few American collections, is com- 
posed of st.xi.,xii., iii., v. (in the order named), 
very much altered. In the W&. H. Sk., 1780, 
No. 339, the original hymn was given in two 
parts, Ft: ii. beginning: — ''Where the an- 
cient dragon lay. In this form it is retained 
in the revised ed., 1875, and is also found in 
other collections. [J, J,] 

Heavenly Father, to Whose eye. J. 

Condor. [In Temptation.] Pub. in the Cong, 
S. Bk., 1836, No. 518, in 8 st of 4 1, as a para- 
phrase of the clause, "And lead ub not into 
temptation, but deliver us from evil," in the 
Lord's Prayer. In The Choir and the Oratory, 
1887, it is repeated as one of a series of hymns 
on the Lord's Prayer, and again in his Hm. 
of Prayer and Fraite, 1656. It is usually 
given in an abbreviated form, and sometimes 
with the addition of a doxology. The last 
three statists, beginning, " Lord, uphold me 
day by day," are often used as a separate 
hymn. [J. J.] 

Heber, Beginald, b.©. Born at Malpas, 
April 21, 1783* educated at Brasenoee Col- 
lege, Oxford; Vicar of Hodnet, 1807; Bp. of 
Calcutta, 1823; d. at Trichinopoly, India, 
April 3. 1826. The gift of versification 
shewed itself In Heber's childhood; and his 
Newdigato prize poem Palestine, which was 
rood toScottat breakfast in his rooms at Braze- 
nose, Oxford, and owed one of its most striking 
passages to Scott's suggestion, is almost the 
only prize poem that bos won opermonent 
place in poetical literature. Bib sixteen 
years at Hodnet, where he held a half-way 
position between a parson and a squire, were 
marked not only by his devoted care of his 
people, as a parish priest, but by literary 
work. He was the friend of Milman, Gifford, 
Bouthoy, and others, in the world of letters, 
endeared to thorn by his candour, gentleness, 
" salient playfulness," as well as learning and 
culture. He was on the original staff of The 
Quarterly Review ; Bampton Lecturer (1815) ; 
and Preacher at Lincoln's Inn (1822). His 
edition of Jeremy Taylor is still the classic 
odition. Daring this portion of bis life he 
hod often had a lurking fondness for India, 
bod traced on the map Indian journeys, and 
had been tempted to wish himself Bishop of 
Calcutta. When he was forty years old the 
literary life was closed by his call to the 
Episcopate. No memoir of Indian annals is 
holier than that of the three years of ceaseless 
travel, splendid administration, and saintly 
enthusiasm, of his tenure of the see of Cal- 
cutta, He ordained the first Christian native 
— Christian David, His first visitation ranged 
through Bengal, Bombay, and Ceylon ; and 
at Delhi and Lucknow he was prostrated 
with fever. His second visitation took him 
through |the scenes of Schwartz's labours in 
Madras Presidency to Trichinopoly, where on 
April 3, 1826, he confirmed forty-two persons, 
and he was deeply moved by the impression 
of the straggling mission, so much so that 
"he showedno appearance of bodily exhaus- 
tion." On his return from the service 

"He nrtirsd Into bis own room, md according to bis 
Invariable custom, wrote cm the back of the address on 
CWiflnaatlon'Tifcihliiopoly, April s, IMS.' Ttris was 



HEBER, BEGINALD *03 

lii* last act, Sir immediately on taking off bii clothes, he 
went into ■ lotge cold both, where he hod bathed the 
two preceding mornings, bat which wis now the 
destined agent of hie removal toParadtee. Heir an hour 
after, Ilia servant, alarmed at bis long ahsence, enured 
the room and found him a lifeless corpse." Itfe, be., 
1830, voL li. p. *3T. 

Heber's hymns were all written during the 
Hodnet penod. Even the great missionary 
hymn, " From Greenland's ley mountains," 
notwithstanding the Indian allusions ("In- 
dia's coral strand," "Ceylon's isle"), was 
written before he received the offer of Calcutta. 
The touching funeral hymn, " Thou art gone 
to the grave?' was written on the loss of his 
first babe, which was a deep grief to him. 
Some of the hymns were published (1811-16) 
in the Chrutian Obtaner, the rest were not 
published till after bis death. They formed 
port of a us. collection made for Hodnet (but 
not published), which contained, besides a few 
hymns from older and special sources, contri- 
butions by Milman. The first idea of the 
collection appears in a letter in 1809 asking 
for a copy of the Olney Spmm, which he 
"admired very much." The plan was to 
compose hymns connected with the Epistles 
andGospels, to bo sung after the Nicene Creed, 
Ho was the first to publish sermons on the. 
Sunday services (1822), and a writer in The 
Guardian has pointed out that these efforts of 
Heber were the germs of the now familiar 
practice, developed through the Ohritlian 
Tear (perhaps fallowing Ken's Hymns on the 
FeaiivaW), and by Augustus Hare, of welding 
together sermon, hymnal, and liturgy. Hebor 
tried to obtain from Abp. Manners Sutton and 
the Bp. of London (1820) authorization of his 
ks. collection of hymns by the Church, en- 
larging on the "powerful engine" which 
hymns were among Dissenters, and the irre- 
gular use of them in the church, which it was 
impossible to suppress, and better to regulate. 
The authorization was not granted. The 
lyric spirit of Scott and Byron passed into 
our hymns in Heber's verse; imparting a fuller 
rhythm to the older measures, as illustrated 
by " Oh, Saviour, iB Thy promise tied," or ttie 
martial hymn, " The Son of God goes forth to 
war;" pressing into sacred service the freer 
rhythms of contemporary poetry (e.g. " Bright- 
est and beat of the sons of the morning " ; 
" God that madest earth and heaven ") ; and 
aiming at consistent grace of literary ex- 
pression.. Their beauties and faults spring 
from this modern spirit They have not the 
scriptural strength of our best early hymns, 
nor the dogmatic force of the best Latin ones. 
They are too flowing and florid, and the con- 
ditions of hymn composition aro not suffi- 
ciently understood. But as pure and graceful 
devotional poetry, always true and reverent, 
they ore an unfailing pleasure. The finest of 
them is that majestic anthem, founded on the 
rhythm of the English Bible, "Holy, Holy, 
Holy, Lord God Almighty." The greatest 
evidence of Heber's popularity as a hymn- 
writer, and his refined taste as a compiler, is 
found in the foot that the- total contents of 
his ms. collection which were given in his 
posthumous Hymns written and adapted to the 
Weekly Church Sereiee of the Year. Lend., 
J. Murray, 1827 ; which included SI hymns 
by Heber, 12 by Milman, and 29 by other 



504 HEDGE, FBEDEBICK H. 

writers, are in C. U. in G. Britain and America 
at the present time, [H. L. B.] 

Of Bp. Heber*e hymns, about one half are 
annotated under their respective first lines. 
Those given below were pub. in Heber's 
posthumous Bymna, &e, 1827. Some of them 
are in extensive use in G. Britain and America ; 
bnt as they possess no special histories they 
are grouped together as from the Hymns, Ac., 
1827:— 

I. Bentath our fart, and o'er our hoed. Burial, 

5. Orator of th* rolling flood, St. Pita's Bay, or, 
Cupel for Btt & afttr Trinity. 

ft. Lo, the lilies of th* field, Teachings of Nature: 
or, Oetpel for \U\ 8. after Trinity. 
*. God, oy "Whom the Med ii iini, Sacagtrima, 

I. Ooi my sin* at* manifold. Jbrgirtnttt, or, 
Coniel /or 32nd Softer Trinity. 

6. hand of bounty, largely wwl. Wafer into 
Wine, or, Gorptt f Grinds. after Bpipkany. 

7. Xing of earth, ul id, and see. flsedfcio ttc 
Multitude ; or. Qotptlfor *tt 5. in lent. 

8. O mor* than nwiilfu], Whose bounty gave, Cood 
Friday. 

8. most merotfull mast bountiful. Jntroit 2. 
CbnuMM&m. 

10. Thou, Whom neither tine not spaas, (B»d 
nwenrcftaSk, or, fforpel/or SO. 8. in Lent. 

II. weep not e'er thy ehildren'e tomb. /hnoeenis 
Bay. 

U. Boom for the proud] To sens of olsy. intae* 
and Latarui, or, Ootpdfor 1st 8. afttr Trinity. 

IS, Bit thou on my right hud, my Son, saith th* 
Lord, .ascension, 

14. Spirit of troth, on this thy day. Whit-Sunday. 
It. Tne feeble pulss, tho gasping breath, Atrial. 

or, OojpJ/er lit jr, after m«<(jf. 

15, Tho God of glory -walk* Hi* round, Septua- 
gaima, or, the Labourer* in the Jtdrltet^slaee. 

17. The eeund of war in earth ud sir. Wrestling 
againrt Principalities and Foweri, or, Spittle for 2i*< 
S after Trinity. 

18. The world la crown old, her pleasure* are poet, 
.Idteni ; or, ijjfotie/or 4<fc 8. in Advent. 

IS. Hun ni joy In heaven. The Lost Sheep i or, 
Qotp&for Srd 8, after Trinity. 

SO. Though sorrows rieo end dangere roll, St. 
loans' » Day. 

El. To conouer and to am, the Bon of God. Christ 
the Congutror. 

St, Ylrfin.bom, w* bow before Thee. The T. M. 
Blessed aaongit women, or, Gospel for 3rd S. in Lent. 

S3, Woke not, mother, standi of lamentation, 
Jtaitinfr the Widow"* Son, or, Qespet for ltth S. after 
Trinity. 

M. Then on her lasher's besom. Boly Matrimony, 
or, OouhE for tads, after Jfripkany. 

St. men through tie torn ssll the wild tempest is 
■treeming, Stilling the Sat, or, Qatptlfvr <tth S. after 
Epiphany. 

■8. "Whs yonder on the desert heath. The Qood 
Samaritan, or. QvtpAfor Wth &. after Trinity. 

This list is a good index of the subjects 
treated of in those of Heber's hymns which 
are given under their first lines, and shows 
that he used tho GotpeU far* more than the 
EpUtles in his work. [J. J,] 

Hedge, Frederick Henry, d.d., h. of 
Professor Hedge of Harvard College, was 
b. at Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1806, and 
educated in Germany and at Harvard. In 
1829 be became pastor of the Unitarian Chrjrob, 
West Cambridge. In 1835 he removed to 
Bangor, Maine; in 1830 to Providence, and 
in 1856 to Brookline, Mass. He was appointed 
in 1857, Professor of Ecclesiastical History at 
Cambridge (U.S.), and in 1872, Professor of 
German Literature at Harvard. Dr. Hedge is 
one of the editors of the Christian Examiner, 
and the author of The Prose Writers of 
Germant), andotberworks. In 1 853 he ed ited, 
with Dr. F. D. Huntington, the Unitarian 
Hymn* for the Church of Christ, Boston Crosby, 



HEEBMANN, JOHANN 

Nioliols & Co. To that collection and the 
supplement (1853) he contributed the follow- 
ing (re. from the German : — 

I. A mighty forties* is our God. (JK»/eifa .Bur;.) 
I, Christ hath arisen 1 joytfl.fcj. (Goethe's «i«ifc) 
9. The sun is still for ever sounding, (Goethe's 
Fautt.) For a and S eee Goecbe. 

There is also in the Unitarian Hymn [<t 
Tune] Bk. for The Church £ Home, Boston, 
1883, a tr. from the I*tin. 

i. HolyS^Mt,SlredMne,( ,, Ten)8eDcteBplrttus.'') 

Dr. Hedge's original hymns, given in the 
Hy». for the Church, 1853, are :— 
t. Beneath Thine hammer, Lord, I Me, Baionatiim. 

Ordination. 



Written (or the OnUnsUon of if. ETSirlow *t liyun, 
Msss., Dec 0v IS*B, It is given In several collections. 

t. 'Twee in the But, the nrrtio Best. Christmas. 

B. 'TiraathodsywhenGod'sanointed. Good Friday. 
Written originsUy for s Confli-nstton at Bangor, Mslne, 
held on flood Irklsv, 1843. The hymn "It is Bnlabetl, 
Hen of Sorrow* i From Thy cross, esc.," tn a lev col- 
lections, including Msrtlneau'B BynfU, 4o, 1STS, is 
composed of st. iv.-trt. of trda hymn. [p. M. B] 

Heerm&im, Johann, s. of Johannes 
Heermann, furrier at Baudten, near Wohlau, 
Silesia, was h. at Baudten, Oct. II, 158S. He 
was the fifth bnt only surviving child of his 
parents, and during a severe lUness in his 
childhood his mother vowed that if he re- 
covered she would educate him for the 
ministry, even though she had to beg the 
neceeBory money, He passed through the 
schools atWohUu; at Fraustadt (where he 
lived in the house of Valerius Herberger, q. v., 
who took a great interest in him); the St 
Elizabeth gymnasium at Breslau; and the 
gymnasium at Brieg. At Easter, 1609, he 
accompanied two young noblemen (sons of 
Baron Wcnzel von Bothkirch), to whom he 
had been tutor at Brieg, to the University of 
Strassburg ; but an affection of the eyes caused 
him to return to Baudten in 1610. At the 
recommendation of Baron Wenzel he was ap- 
pointed diaconus of Eoben, a small town on 
the Oder, not far from Baudten, and entered 
on his duties on Ascension Day, 1611, and on 
St. Kartin'S'Day, 1611, was promoted to the 
pastorate there. After 1623 he suffered much 
from an affection of the throat; which com- 
pelled him to cease preaching in 1634, his 
place being supplied by assistants. In Octo- 
ber, 1638, he retired to Lissa in Posen, and 
d. there on Septuagesima Sunday (Feb. 17), 
1647. (.Koek, ni. 16-36 ; AUg. Dexttche Biog., 
xi. 247-249, ate.) 

Much of Heermann's manhood was spent amid the 
distressing scenes of the Thirty Yean' War ; end hy 
his own lLf-health and hi* domestic trial* be wa* trained 
to *rlte bis beautiful hymns of " Cross and ConeoU- 
tlon." Between 1039 and 1634, Kdnen was plundered 
four times by the Liechtenstein dragoons and the rough 
bordea under TValleneteln sent into SUeala by ue 
King of Austria in order to bring about the Counter- 
Beformation and restore the Roman OaUwllc fahh and 
practice ; while in l&ls the town waa devastated by fire, 
and in lssi by peetHence. In these troublous years 
Heermann several times lost ell his moveables ; once be 
had to keep away from Ronen for seventeen weeks ; 
twice he wo* nearly eebrod ; and once, while crossing 
the Oder in a frail boat loaded almost to sinking, be 
heard the bullets of the punning soldiers whistle just 
over his head. He bore all with courage and patience, 
and he end bis were wonderfully preserved ftom death 
and dishonour. He wsb tbuswelfsxoundedin the school 
of sffllction, and In bis Bowse ana Heart janiG some of 
his finest hymns are In the section entitled " Songs of 
Tears. In the time of the persecution and distress of 
plou* Chrlstlsn*." 



HEBBMANK, JOHANW 

A» a hymn-writer Heermanri tonka with the 
best of his century, some indeed regarding 
him as second only to Gerhardt. He had 
begun writing Latin poems about 1605, and 
was crowned m a poet at Brieg on Oct. 8, 
1608. He marks the transition from the 
objective standpoint of the hymn-writers of the 
Beformation period to the mora subjective 
and experimental school that followed him. 
His hymns are distinguished hy depth and 
teuderness of feeling; by Arm faith and con* 
fldenee in face of trial ; hy deep love to Christ, 
and humble submission to the will of God. 
Many of them became at onoe popular, passed 
into the hymn-books, and still hold their glace 
amongtheolastlesofGermanhymnody. They 
appeared principally in — 

(1) Daeti Jfutica Cbr&s. Shuts- tmd BerU-Jhuita 
fee. Leipzig and Breelau. 1*30, with 4S hymns (2nd ed 
ISS*,irttIiM;3raed.i***,wlths»). The Ant section Is 
entitled ** Hymns of Penitence and Consolation from the 
word* of the Ancient Fathers of the Church." Seven 
of these, however, have do mention in their Individual 
tltlaa ef toe KHireH from which they ire derived i and 
the remainder are mostly based not on Latin hymns, but 
on the prose meditations in Martin Holler's Mn&tattmit 
aawtonw jurnni, or on the mediaeval compilations 
known SB the Meditatima end the Manuals of St. Augus- 
tine. (3) flonfayt- ttmi **»(- AowrJia. Letpslg end 
Breslsu, isst, being hymns on the Gospels for Suiiilays 
Sod festivals. (3V PoetUtkt Mrgviaistimim, Kflmberg, 
lft&Si and iti ^ri w e ArteBtruflp 1 , also Nurnberg, 
ISoS [both In Wemtgerode]t are poems rather than 
hymn*. The hymns of the Eaust- wtd Btrtt-Mutiea, 
with a representative selection from Heermann'B other 
poetical works, were edited by C. E. P. Wackemsgel, 
prefaced bya longMagrapblcal tad critic*! Introduction, 
sridrrcNUfcedrt Stuttgart. ISM. 

Bix of the most important of Heermann's 
hymns are annotated under their respective 
first lines. The other hymns by Heermann 
Which hare passed into English ore : — 

L Hymns *» English C, U. 

i. Jesu, da melnSrKntlgam, Bvly Communion, 
in his Devoti Mwka Cordis, Bretlan, 1630, p. 78, 
in 12st.of41. Thence in Miitsell, 1858, No. 34, 
in Wackernagel's ed. of his Geistlichs Lieder, 
No. 22, sad the Vno. L. 3., 1851, Up. 283. 
Seems to be founded on Meditation xi. in the 
mediaeval compilation known as St. Augustine's 
Manual*. 1Y-. rs :— 

Jen, lerd, who sue for me, a good tr. of 
St. i.,iL,iv., v.,viii„ byA.T. Bussell, as No. 1S8 
in his P: fr Bys., 1851. 

Othartra.an: CiV'O Jesul Bridegroom of my Soul," 
by /. C. JoeoW, 1722. p. *« (1T32, P- '3> W "D«r 
Saviour, who Sir me hut borne," by Jfia* ifcifut, 1SS7. 

tt. aVett, O Hew Jean, xett deln Ehr. 7n Jfow 
a/ JVouWe. A prayer for deliverance and peace 
for the Church. In his Dmoti Mttsica Cordis, 
1630, p. 119, in 5 st. of 4 ]., among the " Songs 
of Tears." Thence in MMxtU, 1858, No. 48, in 
WaekernageVt ed., No. 38, and the Um>. L. 8., 
1851, No. 245. Tr. as:— 

Thin* honour rescue, righteous Lord, in full, by 
Dr. M. Loy, iu the Ohio Luth. By!., 1880. 

iiL Trsoer WBohter IsneL In Time of War. 
1830, p. 115, in 13 st. of 7 1., among the "Song* 
of Tears." In MutteU, 1858, No. 47 ; in 
WacAernageVs ed., No. 35, and the Djw. X. &, 
1851, No, 594. Lauimann, in Koch, viii. 549, 
says of it ; — 

"It Is a powerful hymn Oiled with that prevailing 
prayer that take* heaven by force," and relates of at. 
viL, 11. v-T r "Eine Msuer um una ban," that on Jan. 
S, 191*, the Allied Forces were about to enter Schleswig. 
A poor widow with ber daughter and grandson lived fu 
a little bouse near the entrance of the town. ThegtsDd- 



HBEBMANN, JOHANN 505 

son was reading In hi* hymn-book those m time of war, 
and when he came to this said/' It would be a good thing, 
grandmother, if our Lord God would build a wall 
around us." Next day all through the town criea of 
distress wen heard, but all was still before their door. 
On the following morning they had courage to open the 
door, and lo a snowdrift concealed them from the view 
of the enemy. On thia Incident Clemen* Brentano com- 
posed a beautiful poem "Draus vor Schleawtg." 

It is tr. as : — 

Jesu I as a Saviour, aid. A good tr. of stv 
vii,, vlii., iiii., by A. T. Russell, as No. 138 in 
his Pa. $ Bys,, 1851. 

It. Ziouklagt rait Anawt and Bokmarsen. Ohvroh 
of Christ 1st pub. in his Detoti Musica Cordis, 
2nd ed., 1636 (1644, p. 196), in 6 st, of 8 1., 
entitled, " From the beautiful golden saying of 
Issiah, Chapter ilii." In Mitxell, 1358, No. 
101, in WachrnageTs ed., No. 53, and the f7»o. 
i. &, 1851, No. 256. ZV-.as:— 

Bion bov/d with aurmah weepem. A good tr. 
of st. i., iii., v., by A. T. Russell, as No. 141 in 
his P$. # Hy:, 1851. 

***""-■ tr. ia : " Hon mourns in fear and anguish," 
by Mia WinbeortX, lsed, p, us, 

IL Hymns not in EnglitK C. U, 

V. Aoh Joan! dasatn Trou. XoM to Chritt. Iftad, 
p. M4,fn 33 st. One of his inert hymns, full of deep 
love to Christ, but from it* (treat length very little 
used in Germany, Tr. as, " Ah I Jesus I Lord I whoa* 
faithfulness," by HI** Burlingham, In the British 
Herald. Kay, ISST , p. 11. 

tL Tier Tod klopft bat mil an. Iter tit Dying, less, 
p. M, in 121, IV. as, "That Death is at my door," by 
Milt tBnJntorfk, 1BSS, p. 301. 

ySL Da wednest fur Jemaalam. Christ KOpingever 
Jerutalm. iSSu, p.Bi.iuast.entltlea, "OntteTears 
of Christ." Founded an St. Luke ill. «-«, part of 
the Gospel for the 10 S, after Trinity. The trs. are: 
(1) "With tears o'er lost Jerusalem," by Jfiit Cub, 
JS*I,p. 1OT. (S) "Our Lord wept o'er Jerusalem," by 
Or. H. MOti, ii« (18BS, p. MS). «) "Thou weepest 
o'er Jerusalem." by Jfiu mnbeorl*, ISBtup. 10. 

viii. Barr Jasu Ohiiatemtan getmuar Biiia. 'fibta 
Oommmloii. lB30,p.)*,in»sV.,ron»dedonM.Stolleru 
Med. saiut. patrtm, pt. 1. c. 11, and* pt. v. c. S. The trt. 
are: (1) "Dear Saviour, Thou my fsttlaM Shepherd, 
coma;' byJKtt ZMuhi, 18S>, p. 111. (SJ "Lord Jesus 
Christ, my faithful Shepherd, bear," by MinWinkrcoriX, 
1866, v. S3, repeated in £yra JEueftorirKco, ISSS-St. 

iz. Here unser Gett, lass nleht art Bshaiiden wurdsa. 
Chritt'l Cittnnes. ISSS, p. 114, as one of the " Songs of 
Tears," in 1 at. IV. aa, "Ah! Iiord our God, let them 
not be confounded." by JHu WMneorU, 1SW, p. i«). 

x, Hllf rair, main oott, bllf data naeh aa, Chris- 
Nan Conduct. 1630. p. JS.ta 1 st, entttled, "For a 
better life. From the words of Augustine." Founded 
on No. 1- of the Jfaf&affonet current under the name of 
St. Augustine. This meditation is apparently by St, 
Anselm of Canterbury. Tr. as, **Lord, raise In me a 
constant Flame." by J. C. /«oM, 1T2S, p. 8V (1131, p. 
10S). 

zl. Jasu, der du tausflod Bohmersen! In ££dbnetr. 
lSSS.in tbe Fenttrt fbrUcttung, p. ts. In ial„entliled, 
•' In great bodily pain." Tr. as, " Jesu, who didst 
stoop to prove," by Jfirt Wtnktaorih, 1SS9, p. 90S. 

xQ. Jesu Tbger meiner SSudeu. Lad. 1SSS, In 
the Amen Ibrtsctaam, p. 1, In 10 1., entitled, "For 
Victory In Temptation?' Tr. so, " Jesu, Victor over 
sin," by Mlu TWafcioortii, 1SSS, p. 201. 

ziiit Jesu, Jssa, fiottea Sohn. hast to Chritt. 
1630, p. S3, In 1 st., entitled, "Of the Love, which a 
ChrhrUan heart bears to Christ, and will still bear." A 
beautiful expulsion of his motto " Jdlhl omnia Jesus," 
The trt. are : (X) " What causes me to mourn is this," 
a tr. of st. II. by P. H. Molther, aa No. 311, In the 
Moravian B. Bk., lies (1S8S, No. «i). TO " O Jesus, 
Jesus, Son of Ood," by Hiss Burlingham, in the British 
~ ""Oct. iBSB,p.lS3,andluK«id'ei'rovw«fc., 1SJ2. 
Gott ioh muss dir klagan, Jn Tnmblt. 
1S30, p. 103, In 12 St.. entitled, "Hymn of a sorrowrul 
heart &r increase of faith." Tr. as, "Faithful Ood I I 
lay before Thee," by J. C. Jaeobi, 11*0, p. t (tfm. p. to ; 
1733, p. 117), and as No. G3S in pt. i. of the .Moravian 
B. Bk., 17*4. 

E*. Wellt ihr sueh nieht, o ihr rnnuraen Christen. 
Secotid Advtnt. 1S3S, p. 210, In » it, entitled, " On the 
day of the Holy Bishop KIcolaua. Gospel of Luke, 13 



506 HEGENWALT, ERHART 

Chapter," IV. as: (0 "O dear Christians, as 'tis needful, 
woo?d ye," u No. 1S3 In nt. 1. of the Moravian H. Bk., 
UM. (2) " Help us, O Christ, to watch uid prey," a 
(r. of st. li. es et. ill. of Mo, 8*8 la the Jfcroftion if. Bk., 
i»bs{1849. No. 1221). 

xvi. Wo toll ion niehen hin. Zen*. ISM, p. 10, In 
II st., entitled, "A hymn of consolation In which e 
troubled heart lays all its sins in true faith upon Christ. 
From Tuuler." Bawd cm M. Holler's McdUationes, 
vol. i. pt. f., No. JO. IV. as, "O ■whither shall I fly," 
as No, 44) Id pt. 1. of the Iforavian H. Bk., 1764. In 
lew, No. 2T», it beglne with "O Jesus, eource of 
Grace" (et. IL). [J. M,] 

Hegenwalt, Erhart. Of this writer 
very little ia known. He appears to have 
studied and graduated m.a. at Wittenberg, 
On Jan. 29, 1623, he attended the disputation 
of Zwingli, by which Zurich was won to the 
Reformation ; and pub. an aooount of it in the 
same year. This narrative ia dedicated to 
liia friend and patron J, J. Rusinger, Abbot 
of Pfaffers (PFeffers), and dated Zurich, May 
S, 1523. "Whether be is the some as Erhart 
Hegenwalt, who was admitted m.d. at Wit- 
tenberg, 1526, and wns afterwards in practice 
at Frank furt-am-Main, o. 1540, is not dear, 
The only hymn ascribed to him is : — 

Erbium dich mein, o Hen* Gatt. Pt. U. 1st pub. 
on a broadsheet date* " Wittenberg freyteg_ nacb 
Eplphanle im 1624 Jar. Erhart Hegenwalt." Thence 
In Eyn Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1*24, Wackerftagcl, iif. 
p. 4S, the Urn. L. S, r 18(1, No. 360, kt., in 5 eL of 
a 1. IV. as : (t) " O God, be mercyfull to me," by Bp. 
afterdate, 1639 (KenotftM. 1S40, p. 616). (1) " Shew 
pity, LurdI Lord forgive," by J. C. Jacobi, 1)32, 
p. 69(1134, p. 96), and as No. ISO la pt. 1. of the Jfora- 
rian IT. Bk., 1JS4. Jacobi norrowe'a good many linen 
from Isaac W&tta's version of Ps. It. fj, JIJ 

Hegtabothom, Ottiwell, b. in 1744, 
and d. in 1768, was for a short time the 
Minister of a Nonconformist congregation at 
Sudbury, Suffolk. The political and religious 
disputes which agitated the congregation, in 
the origin of which he had no part, and which 
resulted in a secession and the erection of 
another chapel, so preyed upon his mind, 
and affected his health, that his pastorate 
terminated with his death within three years 
of his appointment. His earliest hymn, 
"When sickness shakes the languid corse 
[frame \" was printed in the Christian Maga- 
zine, Feb. 1763. In 17ft the Rev. John 
Mead Bay communicated several of Hegin- 
bothom's liyrans to the Protestant Magazine; 
and in the same year, these and others to the 
number of 25, were published as : — 

f/iwmt by the late Ben. OttivieU Hcginbotkum of 
Sudbury, Suffolk. Sudbury, Printed 6y J, Burnet, 
ndcexciv. 

These 25 hymns were repeated in J. M. 
Bay's doll, of Hye. from various authors in- 
tended a* a Supplement to Dr. Walls's Psalms 
and Hymn, 1799, and 12 in Colljer*s Collec- 
tion, 181 2. In modern collections in G. 
Britain and America the following are in 
C. U. in addition to those annotated under 
their respective first lines ; — 

1. Blest Jans, when my Maxtng thoughts. Asm, 
most Precious . 

■■ Come, bumble souls; ye mourner* eone. Good 
Hope through Grace. 

8, Gome saints and about the Sa.rionr'a praise, The 
Second Advent. 

t. Gome, about aloud the Father's grace. Praiie to 
God the Father. 
t>. Father of merries, God ef Ioto, Bed the Father. 

9, Gad of our life J Thy varioue praiae, Hew Year. 
7, Cheat Ood, let all our [my} tuneful powers, M\o 

year 



HEINRICH EBN8* 

I, Hark, the loud trumpet ef our Ood. Jfatimal 
Fan. 

B. Hark, 'tis your heavenly Father's oatt. A Prayer 
to be used by tfic Young. 

10, I ask not [honour] wealth, nor pomp, nor power, 
Wisdom and Knowledge desired. 

1L Now 1st my sou, eternal Sing, Praia of the 
Gotpel. Sometimes given as "To Thee, my heart, 
eternal King." 

II, Bee, mighty Ooi, before Thy throne. Ptfth o/ 
November; a National Jfyton. 

13, Sweet pesoe of Oonaeianee, heavenry guest, it 
good Oontoionce, 

14, To Thee, my Shepherd, and my Lord, The Good 
Shepherd. 

If, Unhappy city, hadst then known, Christ iuosb- 
inp oeer Jerusalem. From this the cento, " And etui 
mfne eyes without a tear r " is taken. 

16, when rin ^*— shakes the languid eerss [frame], 
Bxtignation. Printed in the Christian's Jfagaiine, 
Feb. 1363, snd again In Hymns, Ax. f 11 84, 

IT, Tea, I will bless Thee, my Ood. Praise <f the 
Father. The text Is often altered. The cento " My 
eon! shaK Upraise Thee, O my Ood," in the Unitarian 
Hymn land lime] Book, Ac, Boston, 1868, is from this 
hymn. 

Most of these hymns are in Collyer's Collec- 
tion, 1812. There are also 8 in Hatfield's 
(Search H, Bk, N.Y., 1872, and 7 in the Songs 
for the Sanctuary, NT., 1865. [W. T. B.] 

Hehl, Hatth&us Gottfried, was b. 

April SO, 1705, at Ebershach, nearGoppingen, 
Wfirttemberg, and studied at the University 
of Tubingen (h.a, 1723). He was assistant 
clergyman in a village near Tiibingen when 
Zinaendorf visited Tubingen in 1733. There- 
after he became a Moravian, was ordained in 
1744 a presbyter, and in 1751 was consecrated 
in London as coadjutor bishop for America. 
He arrived at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Bee. 
10, 1751, and in Nov., 1756, removed to 
LitLtz. On account of advancing years ho 
resigned his office in 1781, and d. at Litita, 
Doc 4, 1787 {Koch, v. 348-349). His hymns 
were written during his 'stay at Herrnhnt, 
and appeared in the Herrnhut G. B., 1735, 
and its Appendices. One has passed into 
English non-Moravian use, viz. : — 

Oeht, erhSht die Xajesta't. Savplteation. This is 
No. 1064 in Appendix ill. to the Herrnhut G. B„ Was, 
In * st. of 10 t. In the BrSder G. B., 1T78, it is No. 
ions, and in the .fifutoriK&e yaohricht thereto et. i., 11. 
are ascribed to Hehl, and HI., lv. to N. I*. von Ztnxen- 
dorf [ZInzendorf ste. beginning " Lamm ond Haupt, doa 
selbet eeglaubt." arelnelndedhyKnapplnhised., 1S45, 
of Zm^endorTs GeistUohe Licder, p. 216, and dated 
1T33]. J>, asi— 

Rise, exalt the Majesty, In full, by F. H. neither, as 
No. IIS, in the Jforeeian if. Bk., ltta, with an added 
et. lii. from " Lamm und Hanpt I ee eey ge|]aubt," by 
N, L, von Zhuendorf pSo. 1089 in Appendix It. to the 
Herrnhnt G. B., 1T3S, in 1 st. of 10 1., and lyy Xnapp, 
164B, p-iin, dated May as, lrasj. In tho llss and 
later eds. of the JKoraoiait H. Bk. (1886, No. 108), It is 
greatly altered, and begins, " Rise, exalt our Head and 
King." Included in Montgomery'e Christian Ptatmist, 
1S36, and J. A. Latrobe's Coll., 1S41. [J. M.] 

Heinricri Ernet, eldest s. of Christian 
Ernst, Count of Stolberg Wemigerode, was b. 
at Wemigerodo, Deo. 7, 1716; During the 
lifetime of his &ther (who was one of the 
best Lymnologists of his day, and founder of 
the fine Library at Wemigerode), he was 
Canon of Halberstadt He succeeded to tho 
estates in 1771, and d. at Halberstadt, Oct 
24, 1778. 

He contributed four hymns to the Wernigende G,B., 
1136. A selection from his Geitttiche Gedichte was 
pub. at Halle, 1148-M. TTie reet of his Printed hymsa 
appeared in hie Betrachtungen- der Smn- und Ant- 
(ooKcftw EMngeUen in Medern, lVemigerode, 1160 
(all original), and In the Neve Savanlwtg geistHcher 
Lieder, Wemigerode, 1162, which includes 818 hymns. 



HEINMCH OF LAUFENBUBG 

of which some BO are by himself. Two of (hew have 
paaaed into English, vii, :— 

i. Efle, «Ot, nuane Bad*. CTlrirtfcm Wurfart. 
173B,asabo¥e,p.8iMnnst.,ent[tled, "On the Conflict 
and Victory of Believers." IV. » "Haste, haste, my 
soul, from rain flee," by X>r. 0. Walfcer, 18S0, p. S3. 

ii. Xargren ull ea beeaa warden, XV Morning 0/ 
Jan. In the Jftw .SniHaluiw, WH, No. B3T, lu G ■(. 
IV. as " Yea ! it shall be well at morning," by Alts. 
Flndlater, In B, L. £., 1S62, p. S3 (1884, p. W5\ er- 
roneously ascribed to C. B. Guve (q. v.). £J , M J 

Heinrich of Laufteaburg was a na- 
tive of Laufenburg, Aargau, Switzerland. 
The earliest notice of him is that in 1434 he 
was decan of the Collegiate Church of Si 
Maurice at Zoflngen in Aargau, Ho after- 
wards held a similar post at Freiburg, in 
Baden; but In 1445 became a monk in the 
monastery of the Knights of St John at 
StnsBborg (" Zum grttnen Werde "). He was 
living there in 1458, but probably died in that 
year or soon after (Soeh, i. 213-214; AUg. 
Deutsche Biog,, xix. 810-813, Ac.). 

He was the most important and moat prolific hymn- 
writer of the Uth cent., and a number of his produc- 
tions are of aweetnen and abiding worth. Moat of them 
are to honour of the B. V. M. Many are in intricate 
metres, while others are written to Bona tunes, or are 
recaata of songs, or translations from thel4tla. Alarge 
number are Included by WaclcemagA In his second 
volume, principally taken from apaper ne. of the 15th 
cent., which he found In tbe town library at Strassburg. 

Two of the best of his original hymns are : — 
L Ash Ilehar Hem Jean Christ Qradk Hymn, 
This beautiful prayer of a mother for her infant 
child is given by Wdckernagel, ii, p. 534, in 5 
st. of 6 t, from the Btras&ttrg MS^ where it 
ia entitled "Benedictio puerily." In hie Kleines 
a. B., I860, Wackernagel gives it as Ko. 114 
(omitting st. ii.) with the original melody, 
dating both 1429. The text is also in Hoffmann 
ctw thliersleoen, ed. 1861, No. 125. Tr. as:— 
Ah I Jean Christ, my Lord moat dear. A full and 
very good tr. by Miss Winkworth In her Gtirit- 
tbm Singer*, Src., 18G9, p. 93. The address to 
tike B. V. M, in st. ii., 

" Mario, mttter Jesu Christ, 
at du dins Kints gewaltlg blst," 
is translated ai: — 

"Since in Thy heavenly kingdom, Lord, 
All things obey Thy light** word." 

Her tr. was adopted with alterations by the 
Eev. H. White in the Savoy ffymnary (Chapel 
Royal, Savoy), 1870, No. 35, beginning, "Lord 
.lesu Christ, ottr Lord most dear." Instead of 
taking the very good original melody, Mr. White 
p altered the hymn to 6-6 metre, and emitted 
st. St., v. This form has been repeated in the 
S. P. C. K. C/mrch Hys., 1871; Mrs. Brook's 
Children's S. Bk., 1881, and others. 

U. lob wtdlt daaa teh dahsimo war. Sternal 
Life. A beautiful hymn of spiritual Home- 
sickness. Wackernagel, ii. p. 540, includes a 
version in 13 St. of 2 1. from the Strassburg MS. ; 
and another in 9 st. of 2 L from a 15th cent. 
KB. at Berlin. Botfmaim von FaUersteben, 18G1, 
gives the StrassbuTg text as No. 54 ; and a form 
in 9 st, from a Ms. at Inzkofen, near Sigma- 
ringen, dating 1470-1460, as No. 55. In his 
KkinesCB., 1860, Waukernagel gives as Xo. 74 
a slightly altered form of the Strassbnrg text, 
along with the original melody. Tr, as " I would 
I were at last at home," by Miss Winkworth, 
1869, p. 92. [JT. M.] , 

Heinrlch of Meissen, better known by 
his title of Frauenlob or Frouwenlop [some 



HELD, HBINBICH 



507 



have regarded Frauenlob as his surname], was 
b. at Meissen, in Saxony, c 1250, and edu- 
cated at tbe Cathedral school mere. Of 
humbler origin than the early Minnesingers, 
he adopted the profession of wandering 
minstrel as a means of livelihood. After re- 
siding for longer or shorter periods at the 
courts of many Bonth and North German 
princes, he settled at Mainz about 1311 ; where 
he, the most important of the later Minne- 
singers, is said to have founded the first 
school of the Mnstersingers. He d. at Mainz, 
Nov. 29, 1318 (AUg. DeuUehe Biog., vii 321- 
323, Ac). His poems (edited by Lndwig 
Ettmuller, at Qnedlinbnrg, 1843, as his 
Leiche, SpriUiKe, BtreUgediahU tend Lieder) are 
voluminous, overburdened by a display of 
learning, and often in intricate and artificial 
metrical forms. Two of bis religions poems 
have passed into English, viz, ; — 

i, Min Trmds iat fax nguigm. Far (As Dying. 
Wac&tmagd, Ii. p. lit, fn s st. from a vs. at Vienna. 
Ettmuller, p. IS*. The tr. ts, "My Joy is wholly 
banlehed," by Xitt Winkaorth, ise», p. Ts. 

Ii. »n wil ioh utrnmer mar vemrtveln. Ib&th. In 
Waekenagd. 11. p. 245, In 14 1., from a vs. at Vienna. 
Bttmluler, p. 234. IV. aa, "Now will 1 nevormoro 
despair of heaven," by Jfiw tPtntatertt, 1SS9, p. no. 

[J. M.] 

Held, Heinrioh, won s. of Valentin Held 
of Gnhrau, Silesin. He studied at the Uni- 
versities of Komigsberg (c. 1637-40), Frankfurt 
a. Oder-(1648), and Loyden. He was also in 
residence at Bottock in 1647. He became a 
licentiate of law, and settled as n lawyer in 
his native place, where he d. about 165% or 
at least before Michaelmas, 1661 (Xocfc, jji. 
55-56; AUg. DeuUehe Biog., it 680; Bode, p. 
87, &e.). 

One of the beat Stleaian byntn-miters, be was tauglit 
in the BCbool of affliction, having many trials to suffer in 
those times of war. His only extant poetical work la 
his DatUeher Ge&tehte VoTtrab, Frankfort a. Oder, 1643. 
Only one hymn from that volume caroo Into German 
use. Much more important are his other hymns, whk-h 
are known to us through Cruger's Pratit, and other 
hynui-bookB of tbe period. M&lsttt, ie*B, include s 
H«, M*-i)a under bis name. 

Two of bis hymns have been tr. into 
English: — 

L Oott sel Sank dunk aUe Welt, Advent. 
Mutxdi, 1858, Ko. 363, quotes this in 9 st. of 
4 1. from a defective ed. of Cruger's Praxis, c. 
1659. In the ed. of 1661 it is No. 35, marked 
Henr. Helt. Since then it has apjieared .in 
almost ail German hymn-books (as in the Berlin 
O. L. 8., ed. 1863, No. 132), and takes rank as 
one of the finest Advent Hymns. Tr. as : — 

1. AH the 'World exalt the lord, omitting St. vi, 
in Select If. from Qer. Psal., Tranquebar, 1754, 
p. 4, and the SajspJ. to Ger. Pvd., ed. 1785, 
p. 1. In 1789, the trs. of st. i., ii., iv. t vii,, is, 
(altered) were included as No. 34 in the Jfora- 
vum If. Bk. In the ed. of 1801 it was altered 
to "All the world give praises due " (ed. 1886, 
No. 44), and this text has been repeated in 
Dr. Pagenstecher's Coll., 1864, aad Wil ling's 
Bk. of Com. Praise, 1873. 

3. Be our God with thanks adored. A tr. of st. 
L-iv. by A. T. Russell in his Ps. $■ Hys., 1851. 

1, let the earth new pniae the Lord, A good 
tr-, omitting at. vii., by Miss Winkworth in her 
C. B. for England, 1863. Repeated in full in 
Scha£fg Christ in Song, 1869, and, abridged, in 



608 HELDEB, BARTHOLOMAUS 

the American Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868, 
and Bapt. Ssrsije 0/ Saijf, 1871. 

& jr^mm, a Kmum, da QdctTdM Lobens. W^&- 
sunWcfe. A fine hymn of Invocation to the 
Holy Spirit. Miittell, 1853, No. 267, quotes it 
in 9 st. of 6 L from a defective ed. of CrUger'i 
Praxis pnb, at Stettin c. 1664, In J. Nied- 
ling's Geistliche Wasserquelle, Frankfurt a. Oder, 
1667, it is at p. 372 marked "H. Held" (not in 
Niedling>s ed. 1663). In Luppius's Andachtig 
tingender Christen ifvnd, 1692, p. 71, it is en* 
titled " Devout Prayer and Hymn to God the 
Holy Ghost," Repeated in Frejlinghatuen's 
Q. B., 1704, and many subsequent hymn-books, 
as in the Berlin 0, L. 8., ed. 1863, No. 363. It 
ja sometimes erroneously ascribed to Joachim 
Neander. The trs. in C. U. are : — 

1. Holy Spirit, oaoe again. A full and good tr. 
by Miss Winkworth in the 2nd Ser., 1858, of 
her Lyra Ger., p. 53, Included in full in the 
Cantate Domino, Boston, U.S.A., 1656. In Miss 
Winkworth 's C. B. for England, 1863, it. ii., 
vi., vii. are omitted. This form of the text is 
repeated in W. F. Stevenson's H. far Ch. $ 
Home, 1873, Hatfield's Church H. Bk., 1872, &c. 
In the Byl. for St. John's, Aberdeen, 1865, it 
begins " Hoty Spirit, in us reign." 

K, Come, oh come, Thau quiokenine; Spirit, True, 
Ste. A tr. of st, i., ii. t iv,, vii,, is. in Dr, Pugen- 
stecher's Coll., 1864, No. 98, signed E. T. L 

9. 0mm, eeme, Thou quloiunint Spirit, Thou 
tor ever. A good tr., omitting st. iv.-vi. in the 
Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868, and marked 
as tr. by "Charles William Schaeffer, 1866." 
[Lutheran Pastor at Germantown.] 

ft. Oonw, oonu, Thou qiuokanine; Spirit, God 
from all eternity, omitting st iiL, by &, Cronen- 
wett, in the Ohio Luth. Hyl., 1880. 

Another tr. is, "Come, Thou Spirit ever living,*' by 
E. Hassle In the British Herald, Dec, 1866, p. m. 

(J. M.] 

Helder, BartholomSus, s. of Johann 
Helder, Superintendent in Gotha, became, in 
1607, schoolmaster at Friem&r, and in 1616, 
pastor of Remstadt, near Gotha, where he d. 
of the pestilence, Oct 28, 1635 (Koch, iii. 
114, 115, 248; Alia. Deutsche Biog., xi, 
684, 685, 4c). 

Helder pub. two works (both En the Bayal Library, 
Berlin). (1) cynAnfun GenetMiactiM. Erfurt, ISIS; 
and (3) CVnoalum Davi&icam. Erfurt 1S20, The first 
contains 1ft Christmas and New Year Hymns, and the 
second 26, mostly Psalm versions. In the Ccmtimale 
Sacrum, Gotta, 364S-18, over GO hymns are given with 
bis name as composer of the music and without definite 
ascription as regards the words. Tiro of these have 
passed Into English, viz. : — - 

i, la meaner Koth ruf ioh m dir, Suptlicatto*. A 
prayer lor grace, which appeared In the Cantionate 
Sacrum, jot. II., Qotba, lets, No. 11, in 3 et, of 8 1. Tr. 
by MIbs Hanington, 1883, p, 1, as " From out my woe 
1 cry to Thee, 

ii. O Lammlsin Gottea, Jeau Ohrlat. St. Joan Bap- 
titt's Day. Founded on St. John 1. M. Appeared as 
No. los In the Oantionale Sacrum, Gotba, 1B40, in 4 et, 
of 4 L, entitled, "On St. John's Day." Included as 
No. 3»1 in the F«». L. 8. 1SS1. The only tr. in C. Il- 
ls "O Jfgus, Lamb of God, who art," In full, by A. 
Crnll, as No. ISO in the Ohio Luth. Amnol, ibso. 

[J. ML] 

Helmbold, Ludwig, s. of Stephan Helm- 
hold, woollen manufaotorer at Mtihlhausen, in 
Thuringia, was b. at Miihlhausen, Jan. 13, 
1532, and educated at Leipzig end Erfurt 
(b.a. in 1550). After two yeans' headmaster- 
ahip of the St. Mary's School at MtihlbauBen, 
he returned to Erfurt, and remained in the 



HELMBOLD, LUDWIG 

UniversMiy (k.a. 1531) as lecturer till his ap- 
pointment in 1561 as conrector of the St. 
Augustine Gymnasium at Erfurt. When the 
University was reconstituted in 1565, after 
the dreadful pestilence in 15G3-64, he was 
appointed dean of the Philosophical Faculty, 
and in 1566 had the honour of being crowned 
as a poet by the Emperor Maximilian II., but 
on account of his. determined Protestantism ho 
had to resign in 1570. Returning to Mfihl- 
hausen, he was appointed, in 1571, diaconus 
of the St. Mary's Church, and 1586, pastor of 
St. Blasiua's Church and Superintendent of 
Miihlhausen, rte d. at Hiihlhausen, April 8, 
1598. (XocA, iL 234-218 ; AUg. Deutsche Biog., 
xi. 701-702; Bode, pp. 87-88, &c) 

Hebnbold wrote many Latin hymns and odes, and 
numerous German hymns lor achool use, mcluding a 
ootnplete metrical version of the Augsburg Oonft«ion. 
His Hymns for church use are mostly dear and concise 
paraphrases of Scripture histories sud doctrines, elmple 
and earnest m style. Lists of the works in which his 
hymns appeared (to the number of some 400) are given 
by JGxK and Bode. 

His hymns tr. into English are : — 

i, Ben Qott, erhalt una fur mid fur. Children. 
On the value of catechetical instruction as 
ronveyed in Luther's Catechism for Children. 1st 
pub, in Belmbold's Dreyssig geistliche Lieder auff 
die Fest durchs Jahr. Miihlhausein, 1594 (pre- 
face to tenor, March 21, 1585), and thence in 
Wackemagel, iv. p. 677, and Mutxell, No.' 314, 
in 4 st. of 4 1. In Porst's O. B., ed. 1855, No. 
977. The only tr. in C. U. is :— 

Hod, may -w* e'er purs retain, in full, by 
Dr. M. Loy, in the Ohio Luth. Hyl., 1B80. 

ii. Run laast una Oott deu Benen. Grace 
after Meat. Included in his Geistliche Lieder, 
1575, in 8 st. of 4 L, nnd thence in Wacker- 
nagel, iv. p. 647, and the Unv. L, 8., 1851, 
No. 500. The trs. are: (1) "To God the Lord 
be Tendered," as No. 336 in pt. i. of the Mora- 
vian H. Bk., 1754. (2) "Now let us praise 
with fervour," in the Suppl. to Ger. Psalmody, 
ed. 1765, p, 75. (3) "To God the Lord be 
praises," as No. 778 in the Moravian H. Bk,, 
1789(1849, No. 1153). 

iii. Ten Oott will ioh nioht lasaen, Trust in 
God. Lauxmattn in Koch, viii. 865-370, thus 
relates the origin of this the best known hymn 
by Hebnbold ; — 

In 1563, while Helmtnld was oonrector of the 
Gymnasium at Ermrt, a pestilence broke out, during 
which about loot) of the inhabitants died. As all who 
could fled from the place, Dr- Pancratiua HelMob. 
Rectur of the University (with whom Helmbold bad 
formed a special fHtfideup, and whose wife was god- 
mother of his eldest daughter), was about te do so, 
leaving behind him Hebnbold and his family. (Moony 
fcrebodlngB filled thcheartaofthepartlngmotbeiB. To 
console uoem snd nerve tbem for parting Helmbold 
composed thla hymn on Psalm Ixxui. v. 33. 

The hymn seems to have been first printed as 
a broadsheet in 1563-64, and dedicated to 
Regine, wife of Dr. Helbich, and then in tho 
Kmdert Christenliehs Hauesgesmg, Nfirnberg, 
1569, in 9 st. of 8 1. Wachernagel, iv, pp, 630- 
33, gives both these forms and a third in 7 st. 
from a VS. at Dresden. Included in most sub- 
sequent hymn-books, e.g. as No. 640 in the Unv. 
L. 8., 1851. Tho trs. in C. U. are :— 

1. ftum God the Lord my Saviour, by J. C. Jacobi, 
in his Psal. Ger., 1722, p. 139, omitting St. vii. 
(1732, p. 134), repeated slightly altered (and 
with st. vi., 11. 1-4 from vii., 11. 1-4 of the 
German) a* No. 320 in pt. i. of the Moravian 



HELP, LOBD, FOR MEN OF 

H. Bit., 1754, St. i.-iii., v., rewritten and be- 
ginning " From God, my Lord and Saviour," 
were included in the Amer. Luth. Gen, Synod's 
OeU., 1850-52, Ko. 341. 

a. Veto Is ay Gad ftuiekm. A good tr, of 
et. i., ii., iv., by A. T. Butsell in his P«. Sf Mat., 
1851, No. 239. 

1. 1mm God dull Bought divide me- A good 
tr,, omitting st. ii., vii. by Mise Winkwortb. in 
her C. B. for England, 1863, No. 140. Partly 
rewritten in her Christian Singer*, 1869, p. 154. 

Other tr*. are : (1) " God to my Nml benighted," by 
Dr. B. JKBt, 1845 (1SS«. P- W»> (*) "From Qodl 
will not sever," by Dr. N. L. FrotiuWham, 18J0, p. 201. 

[J. M.] 

Help, Lord, for men of virtus fail. 
I, Watts, [jP». asfi] Appeared in his Pa. o/ 
David, 1719, in 8 st. of 4 1. In addition to 
its n*e in its original form, st v., viii. are 
used as a separate hymn in Spurgeou's O. O. 
B. Bk., 1866, as "Lord, when iniquities 
abound." [J. J.] 

Help, Lord I the busy foe. C. Wedey. 
(Prayer during bun'neu.] Pub. in his Hy$. A 
Sao. Poem, 1749, vol. i, in 3 si of 8 1. (P. 
Worki, 1868-72, vol. t. p. 51.) In ttie Wet. 
H. Bk\, 1780, No. 287, st. ii., iii. were given 
as " The praying Spirit breathe," but in the 
revised ed,, 1875, the opening stanza was re- 
stored. It is in its abridged form that it 
is usually known, [J. J.] 

Hamans, Felicia Dorothea, nee 
Browne, was b. in Liverpool, Sep. 25, 1793. 
In 1800, her father having suffered severe 
losses in business, removed with his family 
near to Abergele, N. "Wales, where he died 
sometime after. In 1 812 she was married to 
Captain Hemans, who, ou retiring from the 
army sometime after, removed to Bronnylfa, 
near St. Asaph. Some years after he left his 
wife and children and proceeded to Italy, 
where he died. In 1828 Mrs. Hemans re- 
moved to "Wavertree, near Liverpool, and in 
1831 to Dublin, where she d. May 16, 1835, 
and was buried in St Ann's Church, Dawson 
Street, in that city. From 1808, when at 15 
she pub. Poems, to 1834, when her Seena & 
Hymn$ of Life appeared, she produced a great 
number of poema'and other works, including ; 

(l)fl< Domettic Affationi and Other Poena, 1813 1 
m The Sceptic, 1930 ; (3) Dartmoor, 1831 ; (4) retpert 
of Palermo, IBM; (5)?*e Siege of roletwia, 1833 j (a) 
FW« cf Sprina, 1823; (7) Jtoritt Sanctuary, 1836$ 
(8) Bymnt f>r ChUaTuod, IBM (English edition, 1834: 
Ant milk fn America); (S) Jtecord* of Woman ana 
MiteeUaneoue Poemt, l«n j {iQ)Songi of At Affection*, 



ISM: fll)*ote* cntdByMM ef Life (dedicated to the 
poet Wordsworth), 1834. Then followed OS) *"*« Workt 
of Mrt. Secant j with a Memoir of her Life fcy her 
meter [Mrs. Hugh™} Bdinborgh, W. Blackwood A 
Sane, 183», hi J t«1b. Her ftm were collected end 
published by Blackwood hi 1848, and again ae one of 
the Chaniot Clattia, 1886. 

Three distinct ideas pervade Mrs. Hemans's 
poetry, the Fatherhood of God, Heaven as our 
Home, and mutual recognition when there. 
The work of the Atonement has a very sub- 
ordinate place ; and the Holy Spirit is scarcely 
recognised. The rhythm, even in her most 

Sopnlar pieces, is often disappointing, and a 
eep tone of sadness pervades most of her 
work. The gloom of disappointment and 
the traces of shadowed memories run like 
black threads through the web and woof of 
her productions. As a writer of hymns she 



HEMANS, FELICIA D. 509 

holds a subordinate place. The beat are 
" Answer me, burning stars of light," " Calm 
on the bosom of thy God," " Come to the land 
of peace," and * Fear was within the tossing 
bark." [J. D.] 

Mrs. Hemans's hynuiB which have oome into 
C. U. include ; — 

1, Anawex me, burning; atari of light Trutt in 
God. Written after the death of a alater-tn-law, and 
pub. in her Becorat of Woman, &x., 1828, p. 343, in 4 et, 
of 8 1. (P. Workt, N.Y., 1838, vol. IL pp. 144, MS). 

8. Calm oatiMboeomoftsylrod. Death and Burial. 
This hymn appears In tbe closing ecene of her dramatic 

E, The SUae of Valencia, 1823, p. 136, tn a «t of * 1, 
kt, vol. in. p. 81»J, It ia supposed to be sung over 
ler of IChoena, daughter of Uonulei, the Governor 
of Valencia, during tbe final straggle of the alette. Mrs. 
Hemans subsequently added a third stanza ("Lone are 
the paths, and sad the bowers "}j and in this form it la 
published separately aa " A TWrge " in her Workt, 
vol. Iv. p. 330. Itisoneoftheliesiknownofherhymiis, 

9. Child, (usidiUlie flower* (inlay, Mmrof Prayer. 
Thta Is given in her P. Workt, 1828, vol. 11. p. 86, 
amongst the " Miscellaneous Pieoss," in 3 st. of 8 L, si 
a hymn for. The Sour of Prayer, Dr. Martineau in 
his Bgmnt, Jtt, 1813, dates It 1836. 

I. Come to me, dreams [thoughts] of heaven. Atpt- 
ration. Appeared In her B~atitmal Lyrict, 1834, p. 25.1, 
and again in her Workt, 183S, vol vu. p. 88. 

5. Come to the land ef peace. Die Angfft Greeting. 
Fob. hi her Workt, 183*, voL vi. p. 186. 

6. Earth .' gnaid what here wa lay in bet; tmst. 
Burial. CHven in her Workt, 1830, voL iv. p. 33). 
Thie la a poem, and not a hymn. 

7. rather! that ia tbe olive shade. OtOutmane, 
Written at the dettb-bed of hw mother, Jan., I8», and 
pub. In her ^mtu for Ckttdhooi, in 4 st. or 4 L, as a 
Rymn by the rioWied of a Mother. {Workt, less, 
vol. vL p. VS.) Sometimes as "O Thou, Who In the 
olive shade." 

8. father, Who ait an high. Prayer. Thta la part 
of her "Cathedral Hymn," pub. in her Seentt and Hyt, 
o/£(f«,1834. (Worfct, ISSi, vl.p.142^ 

9. Pen waa within the toaaimf bark. Stilling the 
Dtmpett. This hymn appeared in her Symni for 
Ch-Odhooi, 1821 s her Poet. Worit, N. Y, 1838, It. p. 
124 ; and her Workt, 183B, vol. iv. p. M5, 

10. He knelt, the Saviour knelt andjprayed. Geth- 
muiuL This hymn appeared In The Almut (en 
annual) in 1B26, and her P. Workt, N.Y., ISM, 11. 
p. 136. It is aJso Introduced In her dramaUa poem, The 
EmUth Martyrt : a Scene of the dayt of Queen Mary, 
pub. in her Soenw and Byt. of Life, 1834, p, is, A be- 
trothed couple are condemned to death: hut ere alteweda 
short intercourse before execution. This theyemploy tn 
prayer and tbe singing of this hymn, which tt baaed 
upon Ihe sacred scene in Bethttmane. "The English 
Martyrs " ia the opening piece of the Seentt and Byt, of 
Life, 1834. 'Workt, vB. p. 13d.) 

II. I hear tie* speak of tbe better tend, JBeaeew. 
Pah. ta her PocHcvi Workt, If. York, 182S, il. p. 1*3, 
end her Stmat of the AJfectiont, 1830, p. 136, In 4 et. of 
1 1., and beaded " 'llie Better Land." (Wbrla, 1*38, vL 
p. 133.) Popular ae a sacred song, but not mud) used 
as a hymn. 

IS. Loane have their time to All. The Baur ef 
Death. Pub. tn her Poet. Workt, N. Y., ISM; 11, 
p. 114, and fn her fbrett Sanetnaty, ana ed., 1839, 
p. ««, In is et. of 4 1. (IForfct, 1831, iv. p. 1>T.) It 
it mauatry given in an abbreviated form. 

lft. Lowly and aolemu be Thy ohildren^e cry ta 
Thee. Burial, This hymn, la S Et. of 6 1., forme the 
closing portion ef her poem on The Funeral Day of 
Sir Walter Scott. [He d. Sept. 31, 1833 J Tbe poem 
was given in her Sbnw* and Byt. of Lye, 1834, p. ft. 
(Workt, til. p. UB.) In an tbhrerteled form this 
Burial hymn la In exteoeive use In G. Britain aud 
America, and le found In more hymn-boota than all the 
net of Mrs. Hemans's hymns put together. 

14. He eland obeoues Hut tmnmer'a iky. Pt, tix. 
Appeired to herBymntfor C*itd*oed;in»et.or*l„ 
and entitled -The Stare." (Workt, 183», lv. p.3M.) 
It ts usually given in an ebbrerlated form, beginnjog 
with st. iL, " Child of the earth, Oh lift thy gisnoe." 

Ii. Kew autumn strews on every plain, Marvett, 
One of her juvenile pieces, pub. in her Peant, Liver- 
pool, 1808, p. W, <* a " Harvest Hymn." 

It, lovely voioes of the sky. ChrUtmat Carol. 
Appeared In her .Hrmtu.ferCfo'I&oed, 1827, in 3 at. of 
8 I., and her Poet. Workt, S. Y., 1838, ii. p. 133. 
[TFwfti, v. p. 301,} 



510 HENCE, VAIN INTRUDING 

17* Fraiaeye the Lord en every height. Ft. cxlviii. 
Pvb.labcr Hys. for Childhood, 10 Tat. of 41. (Works, 
1639, iv. p, 264.) 

IB. Saviour, now reofitve him. Burial , £cen«r arid 
ffyi. o/ Zife, 1634, p. TO, iB ft hymn entitled, "The 
Funeral Hymn " in the JPuriaZ flf an J3ni{rran£*i CAiW 
in tAe Jlireft. It begins " Where the long reeds 
quiver." This extract opens with bt. ii. altered. 

Ifl, Th» breaking waves dashed high, iandi'nj o/ 
tie Pterin JMAerr. Tub. In her Records of Woman, 
Inc., I823,p. 881, la 10 Bt. of 4 1., and In her Works, 1628, 
P. 26], "The landing of the Pilgrim Fatbere in New 
England." (Worfci, 1839, v. p, ■2m.) Popular as a 
sacred song, but not much used as a hymn, 

30. The Church of cor fathers so dear to our wola. 
The Holy Church, This bymu has not been traced to 
date, Enepp, ln& of G.ik G., says 1934. 

31. The kingi of old have shrine and tomb, Ute 
Gravel of jttwttr*. In The forest Sanctuary, 2nd ed., 
1820, p. 184, " The Graves of Martyrs " in 7 st. Also 
i'ost. Works, H, Y,, 1823, il. p. 160. 

IS, 'Where la the tree the prophet threw t Faith. 
Appeared In her Poet. Works, N. Y., 1828, ii. p. HO, 
and headed "The Fountain of Marah." Also iti her 
Worfcj, 1838, tL p. 176. [J, J.] 

Henca, vain intruding world, de- 
port. Anne Steele. [Retirement and Eeflee- 
ttoa.] 1st pub. in her Poems on Subjects 
chiefly Devotional, 1760, vol. i. p. 124, in 8 st. 
of 4 L, again in the new ed., 1780; and again 
in Sedgwick's reprint of her Hymns, 1863. 
In its full form it is not in C. U., but an 
abridged form beginning witlt st. iv., "Eter- 
nity is just at hand," appealed in the 2nd ed. 
of Toplady's Ps. * Hys., 1787, No. 410, and 
is repeated in several modern collections ; but 
mainly in America. [J. J.] 

Henley, John, b. at Torquay, March 18, 
1800 ; engaged for some years in circuit work 
ns a Wesleyau minister ; and d. at Weymouth, 
May 2, 1842. His well-known and popular 
children's Iiymn for Palm Sunday, " CVilclren 
of Jerusalem," appeared in the Wee. S. School 
Tune Bk., in J. Carwen's Hys. <fe Chants, 
1844, and in many modern collections for 
children. Orig. text in the Metfi. S. S. H. Bit., 
1879. [J. J-] 

Henry, Matthew, an eminent Noncon- 
formist divine and commentator, was b. in 
Flintshire, Oct. 18, 1662, and educated for the 
Bar. Leaving his legal studies he became 
a Dissenting minister at Chester, where he 
resided for many years, and srabeequently re- 
moved to Hackney. He d. whilst travelling 
between Chester aud London, June 22, 1714. 
His Exposition of the Old and New Testament 
is well known. His connection with Hym- 
nology lay in liis having published a volume of 
Family Hymns in 1695. (See English Hymned?, 
Early, § yl 2.) [J. J.] 

Hensel, Luise, dau. of J. J. L. Hensel, 

Lutheran pastor at Linum, near Fehrbellin, 
Brandenburg, was b. at Linum, March 30, 
1798. Though confirmed as a Lutheran in her 
fifteenth year, she gradually approximated to 
Boman Catholicism, and was formally received 
into that Communion, Deo. 7, 1818. During 
the remaining years of her life, she devoted 
herself mainly to the eduoation of the young 
and the care of the sick. In 1874 she 
entered the Union of Daughters of Christian 
Lore at Paderborn, and d. at Paderborn, Dec. 
18, 1876. (O. Kraut, 1879, pp. 201-211 ; Allg. 
Deutsche Biog., xii. 1-3, ftc.) Her best 
hymns were written before she was 23, and in 
proportion as she became an Ultramontane 



HENSEL, LUISE 

the poetionl value of her productions declined. 
Her finest productions are distinguished by 
childlike simplicity, humility, resignation, and 
deep Cliristian love. They have won wide 
acceptance in Germany. The first two of 
those noted may be regarded as nursery 
classics. 

A number of her hymns came into Clemens Brcntsno's 
bandB as early as 18111, and wore by mistake included as 
hie in bis posthumous works. A few were printed in 
P. Forster'e Sapgerfahrt, 1818, and a good many more 
In M. TKcpcnbrock's GeisUicher Blimenttravtt, Sut&- 
bacb, 1B29. A complete ed, of her hymns was pub. by 
Professor C. Schlnter of Mtlnster as her Lieder at 
radcrborq, 1870 (4th cd., 1879). 

i. Hymns in English O. V. 
L Immer muis leh wieder lesen. \Hciy Scrip- 
ture.'] This beautiful children's hymn on tie 
Life of Christ as narrated in the Gospels, 
appeared in Dicpenbrock, 1829, p, £65, in 7 St. 
of 4 1. (entitled " On the reading of Holy Scrip- 
ture "); and in her Lieder, 1870, is dated Berlin, 
1815. It is repeated in Knapp's En. L, 8., 1837, 
the Wiirttemberg G. £., 1843, &c 2V. as :— 

Ever would I fain he reading. A good and full 
tr, by Miss Winkworth. in her Lyra Ger., 2nd 
Ser., 1858, p. 24. It has been included in full in 
Ps.^Hys., Bedford, 1859; Kennedy, 1863; BLof 
Praise for Children, 1881 ; and in America in 
Hatfield's Church If. Bk., 1872, and others. In 
some collections it is abridged; and iu the 
Unitarian South Place Collection, Lond., 1873, it 
begins, " Ever findl joy in reading." 

Other trs, are :— 

(1) r Ohowsweetthewondronsstory,"by Mrt.Rewm, 



1869, p. 142, (2) " In that book so old and holy," tn 

Dr. a. IV. Dulcfcen's ' " — 

" Still I road, and wear. 
Rritisk Herald, Feb. 1868, p. 211 



Qoldm Harp, 18S4, p. is. fa) 
'Still 1 road, and weary never," by "A. M. A," in the 



ii. Suds hin ion, geh 1 car Rub, [Evening."] 
This beautiful child's evening prayer, the most 
popular of all bcr hymns, appeared in Dicpen- 
brock, 1829, p. 270, in 4 st. of 4 1. In her 
Lteder, 1870, p, 54, doted Berlin, Autumn, 
1816. Included in the Unv. L. S., 1851, No. 
528. Tr. as :— 

L. Vow that o'er eaeh weary head, A free tr, 
of at. i.-iii. as No. 22 in C. H. Bateman'i 
Children's Hyl, 1872. 

3. Weary now I go to rest. A good tr. of 
st, i.-iii. by £. Cronenwett as No. 324 in the 
Ohio Luth. Hyl., 1880. 

Other trs. are j — 

(1) "Now I close my tired eyes," by Mrs. Bevan, 

1869, p. 147. {2) " I am tir"d, and so I seek," by ma 
Maningtm, 1B63, p. 136. (3) " Weary now I go to bed," 
in Dr. H. Vf. Dutckeu'e Golden Burp, ISM, p. 40. 
(4) " How with weariness opprest," a second tr. by Dr. 
0u&£?n, p. 72. (6) " Wearied now I seek repose," by 
J.EeUy, 1886, p. 111. 

ii. Hymns not in English C. U. 

iii. lot liebe tinea K£nigs>Boha, [Love to Christ.} 
In fKepmorocfc, 1838, p. 304, in 9 St., and in her Lieder, 
1810, p. 67, dated Berlin, 1817. Tr. as "I love a royal 
only Sao," by E. Massie, 1867, p. 174.. 

£v, Sonne, wenn von deinem Xieht, [low to 
ChTist.\ In Diqpenfyrock, 1829, p. 267, In St., and in 
her .Efeder, 1870, p. IK, dated Sondermuhlen, 1823. Tr, 
as " O Sun, tf from thy light a ray," In J. D. Huron's 
Memoir and Remains, 1869, p. 270, 

v-.OSerge, diemiohnlAdevdruokt. [^ncouro^enent.] 
In Oiepenbrock, 1829, p. 271, in 6 st., and In her Lieder, 

1870, p. 13, dated Berlin, 181B. Thetri. aret— (l) "O 
anxious care that weighs me down," by Kiss Burliogbam, 
in the Brittih Herald, Sept. 1865, p. 144. (2) " Begone, 
load of core, begone," by J. Ke&y, 18BB, p. 80. 

vi, Was verlangst du, wanunhangstdUH [Crossand 
CVnsolRKon.] Id Dicpmorock, 1824, p. 261. in 6 St., 



HENSLEY, LEWIS 

entitled "Siiraum corda." In iter lieder, lato, p. 43, 
It it dated Berlin, 181S. Tr. as "What seekcst thou! 
Why fearest thou," by C. T. Attley, I860, p. 18. 

to. Zd dir, n dir, hinweg van mir. [Cbaseernfion 
io CArfti.] In I>i<jient>jwt. 1629, p. 26f, In 6 at. In 
her Lieder, 1SJ0, p. 31. dated Berlin, ISIS. IV. us "To 
Thee, to Thee, away from self," by/. Kelly, 1685, p. 13. 

{J. M-] 

Henaley, Lewis, m.a., b. Hay, 1824, and 
educated at Trinity Collate, Cambridge, where 
in 1846 he graduated as Senior Wrangler, and 
first Smith's Prizeman. From 18i6to 1852 he 
was a Follow and Assistant Tutor of Trinity 
College. Taking Holy Orders in 1851, ho 
hold sucoessivelj the Curacy of Uptwn-with- 
ChaWey, Bucks; the Vicarage of Ippolyts- 
with-Great-Wymondly, HertfordBiiire, and 
that of Hitchiu, in the same county; Burnl 
Denn, 1867. His works inolude Etmselutfd 
Devotions; Shorter Household Devotions, &c. 
His hymns appeared in hia Hymn* for the 
Sundays after Trinity, Lon., Sell & Daldy, 
18fM; and Hymns for the Minor Sundays from 
Advent to WliitswtU&e, Lond., Bell & Daldy, 
1867. His Advent hymn, "Thy Kingdom 
come, O God," is from the latter of these 
works. [J. J.] 

Herberger, Valerius, & of Martin Her- 
berger, furrier and poet at Fraustadt, Posen, 
was b. at Fraustadt, April 21, 1562. He 
studied theology at the Universities of Frank- 
furt a. Oder and Leipzig, and became in 1584 
muster of the lower classes in the school at 
Fraustadt. In 1590 he whb appointed diaoonuB 
of St. Mary's Church, Fraustadt, and in 1599 
chief pastor; but in 1604 he and his flock 
were ousted from the ohureh by King Sigis- 
mund III., of Poland, for the sake of the few 
Roman Catholics in the place. Out of two 
houses near one of the gates of the town they 
mode a meeting-place, to which, as the first 
service was held on Christmas Eve, the name 
of the " Kripplein ChriBti " was given. He d, 
at Fraustadt, May 18, 1627 (Koch, ii. 301-311 ; 
Allg. Deutsche Biog., xii. 28-29, &c> 

Herberger pub. two sets of sermons, the Evangdttche 
Hertpottule and the Bpittctitche flerxpottWe. His 
famous work, the Xognolia Ilei, de Jem Scripture*, 
uaclto et medulla, S vole., ISOIt-1610, iii designed to 
show Christ all through the Old Testament, but in his 
exposition ho only reached lie book of Ruth. As h 
pastor he worked unweatiedlyfor the good of bie people, 
especially during tlie time of the great pestilence (W13 
to 1930% and during the troubles of too early part of the 
Thirty years' War. 

Herberger wrote only a fow hymns, and of 
these tho boat known is: — 

Valet will ioh dir geben. For the Dying. 1st 
pub. on a broadsheet entitled : — 

" A devaqt prayer with which the Evangelical cititens 
of Frawenstadt in tho autumn of the year 1613 moved 
the beut of Qui the Lord so that He mercifully laid down 
HIb sharp rod of wrath under which nearly two thou- 
sand loll on sleep. And also a hymn of consolation in 
which a pious heart bids farewell (Valet) to this world. 
Both composed by Valerius Herberger, preacher at the 
Kripplein Corlatt." Leipzig, 1614. 

The hymn was pub. in MBtzeii, 1858, So. 6, 
in 5 st. of 81. The title of the hymn itself is:— 

"The Farewell (Valet) of Valerius Herberger that 
he gave to this world in tho autumn of the year 
1S13, when he every hour saw death before bis eyes, 
hut mercifully and also as wonderfully as the three 
men fa the furnace at Babylon was nevertheless spared." 

In this pestilence i!36 perished at Fraustadt, bnt 
Herberger manfully stuck to his post, and passed thiough 
all unhurt, comforting the sick and helping to lrory the 
dead. 

The hymn is an acrostic an his name formed 



HERBERT, GEORGE 



511 



by the beginnings of the stanzas — Vale (i.), 
r (ii.) i (iii.) n (iv.) s (v). It is one of the 
finest German hymns for the dying. It speedily 
passed into the hymn-books, and is still a 
favourite. In the Berlin <7. L. &, ed. 1863, 
No. 1502. Sometimes given beginning "Ab- 
schied will " or " Lebwohl will." 

The beautiful melody which appeared with the hymn 
in 1S14 is by Herborger's precentor, Melchlor Tessuner, 
and is now well known in England, being included, e.g. 
In If. A. A M., as 3t Theodulph. 

The trs. in 0. U. are :— 

1. World ao vain, J leave thee, a good tr., 
omitting at. iv., by A. T. Russell, aa No. 248 in 
his Ps. fy Hys., 1851. 

S. Farewell I gladly bid thee, a good and full 
tr. by Miss Wink worth, as No, 137 in her C. Ii. 
for England, 1863. 

Other trs, are: (l) "Grant in the bottom of my 
heart," a (r. of st. iii. as No. 29 in the MmmianX. Bk., 
1?42. (a) "Farewell henceforth for ever," by L. T. 
Nyberg, In the Moravian JI. Bk., ITS*, pt, i., No. 461 
(less. No. 1227). (3) "Shelter our souls moet gra- 
ciously," by L. T. Nyberg, in the Moravian U. Bk, pt. 
11., me, p. J94 (1886, aa pt. of No. 191). (4) "Vain 
world, fbrbear thy pleading," by Dr. U. UUk, 1856, p. 
101. (6) " I bid adieu &r ever,'' in the Bruit*. Herald, 
Ang. lass, p. aoe, repeated In Eeld's Praise Bk., 18K, 
No. 336. («) "My parting spirit Wddeth," in the 
family Treasury, ISIS, p. 46S. rj, M.] 

Herbert, Daniel, for many years a Con- 
gregational Minister at Sudbury, Suffolk (b. 
circa 1751, d. Aug. 29, 1833), pub. :— 

•Hjmwu <fc Poems, Doctrinal and Sentimental, jor the 
Citizens of 7Aan, utko are longing to hnoja their election 
of God, and mho tove Evangelical Tivths. Theso wore 
pub. in 3 vols, (i., isai; !!., 1S19; iii., lsaji. Both 
hymns and poems are very indifferent In quality, and 
strongly Cslvlnlstic in doctrine. (Singers ce Smffs, by 
J. Miller, IBM.) [J. J.] 

Herbert, George, m.a., the fiflli s. of 
Richard Herbert and Magdalen, the daughter 
of Sir Richard Newport, was b. at his father's 
seat, Montgomery Castle, April 3, 1503. He 
was educated at Westminster School, and at 
Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating b.a. in 
1611. On March 15, 1615, he became Major 
Fellow of the College, m.a. the same year, and 
in 1619 Orator for the University. Favoured 
by JameB I., intimate with Lord Bacon, Bishop 
Andrewes, and other men of influence, and 
encouraged in other ways, his hopes of Court 
preferment were Bomewliat bright until they 
were dispelled by the deaths of the Duke of 
Richmond, the Marquis of Hamilton, nnd 
then of King James nimselF. Retiring into 
Kent, lie formed the resolution of taking 
Holy Orders. He was appointed by the Bp. 
of Lincoln to the Prebend of Leighton Eecle- 
sia and to the living of Leighton Bromswold, 
Hunts, July 15, 1626. He remained until 
1629, when an attack of ague obliged him to 
remove to his brother's house at Woodford, 
Essex. Not improving in health at Woodford, 
ho removed to Dantsey, in Wiltshire, and then 
as Rector to Bemerton, to which he was in' 
ducted, April 26, 1630, where he d. Feb. 1632. 
The entry in tho register of Bemerton is 
" Mr. George Herbert, Esq., Parson of 
Fougbleston and Bemerton, was buried 8 day 
of March 1632." 

His life, by Ixaak Walton, is well known t another 
Memoir, by Barnabas Oley, Ib forgotten. Herbert's 
proeo work, I'riett to the Ibnpge, appeared several 



jpeai 
years after his death : but 3ftc Staple', by wbicb he is 
best known, he delivered to Nicholas Ferrer (o.i 
about thToe weeks before his death, and authorised bim 



best known, he delivered to Nicholas Ferrar (u.v.), 
about thToe weeks before his death, and authorised him 
to publish it If be thought fit. This was done in 1830. 



£12 



HERBERT. PBTEU6 



The work became popular, and the 13th ed. was issued 
in 170S. It Is meditative rather than hymnic In cha- 
racter, and was never intended foruBe in public worship. 
In 1S8T a selection from Jfte Tempte appealed under the 
tttle £«w( .HVianj lUton out qf Mr. Btrbertt IbmjgEa it 
turned into tte Omwaoti Metn lb A £un{r in I*« 3t™ 
OnKmtrtiB tu*d in CawnAet. London, Fsrkhurst, i«». 
In lTSft, J. & C Wesley made a much more successful 
attempt to introduoe his hymns into public worship 
by mserttDg over 40 In a much-altered farm In their 
Bymm it Sacred Poem. As some few of these came 
Into their collection of Pi, * Est,, 1741, revised 1143, 
they were long sung by the MetbodWa, but do not now 
form part of the Wei. B. Bk. No further attempt aeons 
to have been made to uee the Ttonpte poems as hymns 
until 1883, when some altered and revised by G. Baweou 
were given In the Leedt B. Bk. of that year. From that 
time onward more attention was paid to Herbert alike 
by Churchmen and Nonconformists, and some of bis 
hyums ere now widely accepted, Many editions of his 
works have been published, the most popular being that 
of the Bev. Robert Aria Wilmott, Loud., Qeo. Roufledge 
k Son, ISM ; but Dr. Groeert'e privately printed edition 
issued in hie Fuller Worihia Library In 1 974, In three 
volumee, is not only the most complete snd correct, 
but Included also his psalms not before reprinted, and 
several poems from a vs. in the Williama Llbrsry, snd 
not before published. The Vmplt has also been pub- 
lished In facsimile by Elliott Stock, 18TB, with preface 
by Dr. Grosart ; and in orilnaiy type, 1881, by Wells 
Gardner, with prefect by J. A. Shortbonse. [Ens;. 
Hynuudy, Sarty, ( vn.J 

The queratuess of Herbert's lyrics and the 
peculiarity of several of iheir metrea have 
been against their adoption for congregational 
purposes. The best known are : " Let all the 
world in every corner sine;"; "My stock lies 
dead, and no increase"; "Throw away Thy 
rod"; "Sweet day, so cool, bo calm"; and 
« Teach me, my God, and King." [W. T. B,] 

Herbert, Petrus, seems to have been a 
native of or resident at Fulnek in Moravia. 
He was ordained priest of the Brethren's 
Unity in 1562, became a member of the Select 
Council in 1567, and was latterly Consenior 
of the Unity. By the Unity he was entrusted 
with many important missions. He was sent 
as a deputy to confer with Calvin : and again 
in 1592 to arrange with Duke Christopnof 
Wurttemberg for the education at Tubingen 
of young men from the Bohemian Brethren. 
He was also one of the deputies sent to Vienna 
to present the revised form of the Brethren's 
Confession of Faith to the Emperor Maximilian 
IL in 1564, and in 1566 to present their new 
German Hymn Book. He d, at Eibensohutz 
in 1571 (Aoeft, ii. 414 ; Allg. Deuttche Biog., 
xiii. 263-261, ic). Herbert was one of the 
principal compilers of the enlarged ed. of the 
Brethren's German H. Bk. pub, in 1566 as 
their Kirehmgeteng, and contributed to it some 
90 hymns. In the ed. of 1639 there are 104 
hymns marked as his. His hymns are dis- 
tinguished by simplicity and beauty of style. 
A number ore trt. from the Bohemian. [Bee 
Bohemian Hynuwdy i — Augusta, J,, and flervsuka, 
Mj His hymns fr. into English include : — 

L Die Runt ist kammen drin wir ruhea 
solltn. [Evening.'] Written probably under 
the pressure of persecution and oppression. In 
the Q, B,, 1566, as above, in 5 st. of 7 1. (the 
last st. being a versification of the Lord's Prayer), 
and thence in Wackerna/jtt, iv. p. 443, and the 
(fnv. L. &., 1851, No. 515. In J. H. Schein's 
Cimtional, 1637, it appears as No. 99, with an 
additional st. not by Herbert, which Tends :■ — 
" Denn wir keln besser Zuflueht kiinnen haben, 
Ala m dtr, O Herr, in dem Hlmmel droben, 
Du veriest kelnen, glbst Acb$ snlf die delnen, 
JJiedlchncht meynen," 



HERB AT THY 0ROBS, MY 

This st. is included as st. v. in the version in 
Bunsen's Versueh, 1833, No. 43. Tr, as :— 

1. Ih» night I* Mm*, wherein at last wa rest, in 
full from Bansen by Misa Winkworth in her 
Lyra Ger,, Snd Ser., 1858, p. 77, repeated as 
No. 105 in R. Minton Taylor's Col!., 1872. 

1, How God be with na, for the night Is closing, 
a good tr. from Bunsen, in the original metre, 
by Miss Winkworth, as No. 170 in her C. B. for 
England, 1863, and repeated in her Christian 
Singers of Germany, 1869, p. 139. This version 
has been included in various recent collections, 
though generally abridged or altered, as in the 
Hymnary, 1872 ; Thring's Coll., 1882 ; and in 
America in the Evang. Hyl., N. Y., 1880, tic. 
In Lavdei .Domini, N.Y., 1884, it is in two parts 
(Nos. 209-210), the second beginning, " Father, 
Thy name be praised, Thy kingdom given." 
This is st. vi. with an added doiology, as in the 
Hymnary, 1873. 

Other t», s» i — 

(1) •* The night comes apace," as Ho. 393 in pt. L or 
the lfcroi*wt#. Bk., 1754. fa) " Lo ! evening's shades 
to sleep invite," by B. J. Suekkl, 1841, p. **. 

ii. Ghiiatenmensofc, mark vrle aieba halt. 
[fatM.] 1566, as above, in 18 st. of 4 1., 
repeated in Wachemagel, iv. p. 433, In Bun- 
sen's Vertvch, 1833, No. 390 (Allg. G. B., 1846, 
No. 130), the hymn begins with st. iii. altered to 
"Der Glaub' ist ein lebend'ge Kraft," and 
consists of st. iii., viti,, it., xii,, xvi., tviii, 
Bansen calls it " a noble confession of the true 
Christian faith," Tr. as :— 

?aith u a living; power from heaven, A good 
tr. from Bansen by Miss Winkworth in her 
Lyra Ger., 2nd ser., 1858, p. 160, snd thence in 
her C, B.for England, 1863. It is repeated, more 
or less altered and abridged, in Kennedy, 1863 ; 
and in America in the Presb. Hyl., 1874, 
Baptist Service of Sang, 1871, && 

ii. Hymns not in Ettgltth O. V. : — 

ill. Bss Henen "Wort UsiM in Ewjgkeib [flb^ 
Scripture.] 1B66, as above, in 2a St., and la TTucifcer^ 
nagel, iv. p. 433. Tr, as "God's holy Word, which 
neV shall cease," by J. Swcrtner, as No. 3 in the 
Moravian H, J», UB»(184», No. %). 

iv. rurshtst dots, lleboa Lent. [JfarfyrtJ iws, 
as above, in 13 at, and in Waxkemagd, iv. p. 411. The 
(r». are, (I.) "O love Ood, ye people dear," as No. M> In 
pt. 1. of the Mrravtan Br. Bk.. DM. (J> - O exalt and 
pratae the Lord" {frvm the tcthIou In tho BrQ&cr G.B-, 
1778, beginning ''Llebet Oott"), as No. 811 in the 
Moravian S. Bk,, 1I8» (188s, No. 1308). 

v. Lasst una mit Lost and Freud nus Wanben 
sinf^n. [.Sternal tye.] A fine hymn on the Joys of 
Heaven. IMS, as above, In IS St.. and fn Wacbcmagd, 
Iv. p. 447. Tr as " In faith we sing this song of thank- 
fulness," by Jfrt. Sevan, LBS8, p. 34, 

id. ObSohtterTrost.htiliceredtt. [WKittunti&t.} 
1S8S, as above, tu 13 St., and Wwkernagel, Iv. p. 407, 



The iri. in, (1) " highest comfort. Holy Oboet," as 
No. 8SSfnnt.i.or tiusMara.viaMB.Bk., 1764. (1)"0 
Comfortrr, God Holy Ghost," as No. 203 lu the Moravian 



B. Bk„ 118B (18481, NO. 3BB), 

Besides the above a number of hymns by 
Herbert (all of which appeared in the Kir- 
ekefigeteng, 1566, and ere included in Wacker- 
itageV* vol. iv.) were tr. in pt i. of the Mora- 
vian H. Bk., 1754. The numbers in the 1754 
are 166, 259, 263, 264, 265, 266, 274, 277, 281, 
287, and 294. [J. M.] 

Her* at Thy Cross, my dying CkxL 

/. Watte. [Salvation in the Oross.l 1st pub. 
in his Hyt. <£ 8. Song*. 1707, Bk. Il, TSo. 4, in 
5 at. of i I. It Is in C. TJ. in its original form, 
and as: "Hereat ThyCr3ss,roy dymzLord"; 
"Hero at Thy Croas, incarnate God"; and 



HEBE, MY LORD, I SEE 

"Here at Thy Ones, my Saviour God," in 
various American hymn-books, the aim of these 
alterations being to remove the objection that 
might be made to the clause my dying God, in 
the opening line. [J. J.] 

Here, O my Lord, I see Thee fitoe to 
face, S, Bonar, [Bdy Cwwnimton.1 Dr. 
H. Boner's eider brother, Dr. John James 
Bonar, St Andrew's Free Church, Greenock, 
is wont after each Communion, to print a 
memorandum of the various services, and a 
suitable hymn. After tlie Communion on the 
first Sunday of October, 1855, he asked his 
brother, Dr. H. Bonar, to furnish a hymn, and 
in a day or two received this hymn (possibly 
composed before), and it was then printed, 
with tho memorandum, for the first time. It 
was pub. in Hyt. of Faith and Hope, 1st series, 
1857, in 10 st. of 41., and headed, "This do 
in remembrance of me." In addition to being 
in extensive use in its original, or in an 
abridged but unaltered form, it is also given 
at: — 

1. Jhro would I, Lard, behold Th« test to into, 
la Ft. A Syt^ Bedford, isw, &o. 

t, Em*, Lord, by faith I eee Thee nee to tut, in 
Hatfield's Omrch A Jfc, H. T., IS13, &c 

S. Here, my lord, I humbly eeek Thy me*, la 
T. Darling's Byauu, etc., lS8t. 

1. And WW we rise, the symbols disappear. Com- 
posed of at. v. ud x. In tha American Bapt. Service of 
Seng, Boston, ISTI. 

t, I hi** no hdp but Thine, nor do I seed, In the 
Leeds £ A B. Bk., ed. lass. 

In literary merit, earnestness, pathos, and 
popularity, this hymn ranks with the best of 
Dr. Bouar's compositions. [J. B.] 

Here we suffer grief and pain. T. 
BUby. [Heaven anticipated.'] Pub. in The 
Infant School Teacher^ Auietant, 1832, in 6 st 
of 3 1., with the refrain, " O that will be joy- 
ful." Although suited in sentiment more to 
the aged than the young, yet mainly through 
the tune to which it is set and the refrain, it 
has become a very popular hymn with chil- 
dren, and is in extensive use in Sunday- 
schools. Authorised text from the authors 
ms. in Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 62. [J. J.] 

Heri nrandus exultavit. Adam of St, 
Victor. [St. Stephen.'} This sequence is by 
some considered to he the masterpiece of the 
poet, and is by Abp. Trench termed " a sub- 
lime composition." The full text, in 78 lines, 
together with a French tr. of tho 15th cent, 
and extended notes, is given by Gautier in his 
Oettvres Po&lquet d\Adam de S. Victor t 
Paris, 1858, pp. 211-222. Gautier, in his 2nd 
ed., 1881, p. 78, quotes it from the Limoaet 
SequenUary of the 121h or 13th cent (Bibl. 
Nat, Farfe, No. 1189), a Gradual of the 
Abbey of St. Victor written beforo 1289 (Bibl. 
Not, Paris, No. 14452, and other mss,). It 
is also found in Daniel, ii. v. 61 ; Kehrein, 
No. 714 : Trench's Sao. IMin Poetry, ed. 1864, 
p. 212 ; The Liturgical Poetry of Adam of St. 
Victor, &c., by D. S. Wrangham, 1881, and 
others. lianiel thinks lines 6£k-78 (omitted by 
TranoK) are of doubtful authenticity. The 
legendary miracle* there noted as worked by 
the relics of St. Stephen are however recorded 
by St Anoustine m Bk. xxiL c. 8, of his Be 
(Militate Dei, a work probably wellknown to 
the author of this hymn, and tho lines are in 
almost all the mss. Tr. as : — 



HEBMAN, NIOOLAUB 



513 



1. Yesterday with nxulbtttoa. By J. M. Neale, 
pub. in the 2nd ed. of his Mediaeval Bymnt, 
1863, in 7 st. of 6 1. and 1 st. of 8 I, This was 
repeated in the Appendix to E. A. $ Jn% 1868, 
with st. viii. reduced to 6 I. ; and in the Appen- 
dix to the M. Noted, 1862, and others in its ori- 
ginal form. 

I, Jain, Ward of God Incarnate. By W. Cooke, 
made for and first pub. in the Hymnary, 1873. 

Pranelatien* net in 0. V, i — 
l. Yesterday the tappy esrtb. Jtr: Clmrlet, less, 
a. Mingling with the shouts of earth. M. Xgnatton, 
lsex 

3. Death ehall be thy birthday mora. Ft. 11. of No. 3. 

4. yesterday the world elated. J}. S. Wrangham, 
1881. [J.M.] 

Herman, Nicolaua, is always associated 
with Joachimsthal in Bohemia, just over the 
mountains from Saxony, The town was not 
of importance till the mines began to he ex- 
tensively worked abont 1516. Whether Her 
man wss a native of this place is not known, 
but he was apparently there in 1518, and was 
certainly in office there in 1524. For many 
yean he held the post of Master in the Latin 
School, and Cantor or Organist and Choir- 
master in the church. Towards the end of 
his life he Buffered greatly from gout, and had 
to resign even his post as Cantor a number of 
years before his death. He d, at Joachims- 
thal, May 8, 1561. (Koch, i. 390-898 ; AUg. 
Deutsche Biog., xii. 186-188, Ate.) 

He was a great friend and helper of J. alathesiua 
(q.v.) (who in 1M1 became rector of the school, but In 
K41 dlaconos and la IMS pastor of the church), and K 
waa aatd that whenever Matheelus preached a specialty 
good sermon Herman straightway embodied its. leading 
ideas in a hymn. His hymns, however, were not 
primarily written for uae in church, but were Intended 
for the boye and girls In the schools, to snpphmt profane 
songs in the months of toe young men and women, or 
for the daUy life of the " house-fathers and houee- 
motbem " In JoachtmBtha], at borne, and in their work 
in tbe mines. He Is a poet or the people, homely, 
earnest, and pktnresqne in style ; by hta naivete 1 re- 
minding ns of Hans Sachs. He waa an ardent lover of 
music and a very good organist. Tbe chorales which 
he published with his hymns are apparently all of his 
own composition, and are among the best of the Re- 
formation period. 

Many of Herman's hymns soon passed into 
Church use in Germany, and a number are 
found in almost all books in present use. 
About 190 in all, they appeared principally 
in: — 

(1) Die Smtact £eeaieelia vber dee ganttt Jot, in 
Getenge vafttttet, filr die Kinder uttd ehrittHdie* 
KmautUrr, he, Wftteuberg. HBO f dedteatianby Hennas 
dated Trinity Sunday, ISM), with 101 bymna and IT 
melodies. The best are those interspersed specially 
meant for children and not directly founded on the 
Gospel for the day. (i) Die Bittoritn ten der 9i*d- 
jtndt, Auffik, Jfote, mlia. SlUa tmd der Smanna, 
lampt etUchen Mtteritn ant den SuangtlitteR, fce., 
Wittenberg, 1461 (preface by Herman dated St. Bar- 
tholomew's Day, loeo). with T3 hynms and 30 melodic*. 
In this case also tbe general hymns are tbe best. A 
selection of SO (really 61) of hi* hynms, with a memoir 
by K. V. Ledderhose, was pub. at Halls, IBM. 

One of Herman's hymns is noted under 
"WennmeinStilndleinvorriandenist" The 

others which have passed into English are ; — 
i. Beaoher una, Ban, da* tKgSleh Bnd. Crocs 
before Meat. 1562, as above, and thence in 
Waciernttget, iii. p. 1328, in 6 st. of 4 Lj in 
Ledderhose, p. 70 ; and in the Berlin O. L. 8., 
ed. 1863, No. 1133. Tr. as:— 

1. Thou ait out Father and our Ood. This, by 
P. H. Molther, a tr. of at. vi., at Wo. 180 in the 
Moravian H. Bk. t 1789 (1849, No. 220, st. v.). 



514 



HERMAN, NICOLAUS 



£, As ehiliren we are owned by Thes, a tr. of 
st. vi., as st. iii. of No. 191 in the Moravian H. 
Bk., 1801 (1849, No. 230, st. iii.). 

il. Hie hdle Bfljm leueht jetit haiflir. Morning. 
1560, as above, and thence in Wackernagel, iii. 
p. 1184, in 4 st. of 4 1. ; in Lcddcrkose, p. 87 ; 
and in the Um. L. 3., 1851, No. 450. Tr. as :— 

The morning beam revives our eye*, a good and 
fnll tr. by. A. T. Russell, as No. 71 in the 
Dakttm Hospital H. Bk., 1848. 

iii. Erschienen ist der heirliohe Tag. Easter. 
1500, as above, in 14 st, of 4 1., entitled, "Anew 
Spiritual Soug of the Joyful Resurrection of our 
Saviour Jesus Christ ; for the maidens of the 
girls' school in Joachitnsthal " \ and thence in 
Wackernagel, iii. p. 1175 ; in Ledderhose, p. 23, 
and the tfnv. L. S., 1851, No. 134. It has re- 
miniscences of the "Erstanden ist der heil'ge 
Christ " (see SmiBxit Ohriatus). Tr. as: — 

The day hath dawn'd — the day of days, a good 
tr. by A. T. Russell of st. i., ii,, iiii., iiv,, as 
No. 113 in his Ps. # Hys., 1851. 

Another tr. Is, " At length appears the glorious day," 
by Dr. a. Walter, 1860, p. as. 

it* Hinunter ist der Sonnen BoheiiL. Evening. 
1560, as above, and thence in Wackernagel, iii, 
p. 1 184, in 4 st, of 4 1. : in LedderAose, p. 88 ; 
and in the Unv. L. 8., 1851, No. 523, Some of 
the phrases may have been suggested by the 
" Cbriste qui lni es et dies " (q, v.). Tr, as ; — 

1. Bank is the sun's last heam of light, a full 
and good tr. by Miss Coy in her Sacred H.fvom, 
the German, 1841, p. 5T. Included in A) ford s Ps. 
&Hys., 1844, and Fear of Praise, 1867; in Dale's 
Eng. H. Bk., 1875 ; in the Pennsylvania Luth, 
Ch, Bk,, 1868, and others. It is also given con- 
siderably altered and beginning, "Sunk is the 
Sun ! the daylight gone," in W, J, Blew's 
Church H. and Time Bk., 1851-55. 

2. The happy sunshine all is gene, in full, by 
Miss Wink worth in her J^ro Gtr., IstSer,, 1855,* 
p. 225; repeated in her C. B. for England, 1863, 
and the Ohio Luth Hyl., 1880. 

Other trs. are: (l) "Did I perhaps Thee somewhat 
grieve/' a tr, of st. ILL. in the Jfcmtton ff. Bit., 1?89. 
No. 158. In the lSOLand later eds. (188S, No. USI, st. 
til.), It begins, " Where'er I Thee this day did grieve." 
(2) "The hub's fair sheen is'psst and gone," by B. J. 
KiKhaLl, 1843, fc, 68. (3)" The sun bsth run his daily 
race," by Lady E. RtrUscuc, 1843, p, 14. 

v, lobt Oott, ihr Ohiisten alle gleieh. Christ- 
mas. Written c 1554, but first put. 1560 as 
above, as ths first of "Three Spiritual Christ* 
mas Songs of the new-born child Jesus, for the 
children in Joachitnethal." Thence in Wacker- 
nagel, iii. p. 1169, in 8 st. of 4 1. ; in Ledderhote, 
p. 1 ; and in the Unv. L. 3„ 1851, No. 47. It 
is one of the most popular German Christmas 
hymns. The melody set to it in 1560 is also by 
Herman ; in 1554 to his " Kommt her ihr lieb- 
sten Schwesterlsin " [in the Hymnal Camp. 
called « St. George's (old) "]. Tr. as ;— 

1. 1st all together praise our Ood, a good tr. of 
at. i.. iii, vi., viii., by A. T. Russell, as No. 52 in 
his Ps. & Hys., 1851. Repeated in Ejnnedy, 
1863, adding a tr. of st. ii,, and beginning, " Let 
all creation praise our God." 

8. Praise ye the Lord, ye Christians I yes, in full, 
by E. Cronenwett, as No. 31 in the Ohio Luth. 
Hyl., 1880. 

Other tr*, are: (1) "A wondrous change He Tilth us 
makes," a tr. of st. viii., ii. as No. 43s in pt. i. of the 
XoraviathB. Bk„ 1M4, repeated i78»-]B2e. (2) "Oome, 
brethren. Let the song arise," by Dr. Q. Walter, I860, 



HERNAMAN, CLAUDIA F. 

p. 36. (a) "Praise God, now Christiana, all alike," by 
Kiss Manington, 1864, p. 9. (4) "Praise God, upon 
His throne on high," in the Sunday Magazine, 1814, p. 
384, signed "P. J." The hymn "Shepherds rajolce, 
lift np your eyes," given by J. C. JacobL in his rtal. 
Get., 1732, p. 8, to Herman's melody (which was 1st 
pub. 1SG4) Is, as stated in his Preface, taken from Bk, f . 
of Isaac Watts'e norm Lyric*. 

vi. So wahr ich leh, apriaht Crott der Herr. Ab- 
solution. 1560, as above, in 11 st. of 4 1., en- 
titled "A hymn on the power of the keys and 
the virtue of holy absolution ; for the children in 
Joachimsthal." Thence in Wackernagel, iii. p. 
1183; in Ledderhose, p, 47; and the Unv. L.S., 
1851, No. 429. It probably suggested the better 
known hymn, " So wahv ich lebe," q, v., by 
Johann Heermann. Tr, as : — 

Yea, as I live, Jehovah saith, I do not wish the 
■timer's death, in fall, by Dr. M. Loy, as No. 245, 
in the Ohio Lvth. Hyl, 1880. [J. M.] 

Hernaman, Claudia Frances, nee 
Ibotson, dew. of W. H. Ibotson, sometime 
Vicar of Edwinstowe, Notts, was b. at Addle- 
stone, Surrey, Oct. 19, 1838, and married Sept 
1858, to the Rev. J. W, D. Hernaman, one of 
H. M. Inspectors of Schools. Mrs. Hernaman 
has composed more than 150 hynms, a grcut 
proportion of whioh are for children, and also 
some trt. from the Latin. Her publications 
include : — 

(n The OWJd'i Sodk qf Praitt ; A Jliinitol cf Devotion 
in Hftmpte Yertt oy C. F. S. Edited by the Ra. James 
Skinatr, M.A., ftc, 18)3 1 (1) The Story qf the Bemr- 
rectf™, 1810 ; (3) Christmas Story, issi ; (4) Christmas 
Oardlsfor Ckuaren, 1st series, 18S4: 3nd series, 188o; 
(6) The Way qf the Ova, a Metrical Utany, 1886; (9) 
Hy»nt fw the Stbai Wbrdsfrom the Grots, 1885; (T) 
The Onvmqf lAfei Ax&vmsqf Vrrstsfor the Seasons 
ef tteCaiwAlsSG. 

In addition to these original publications 
Mrs. Hernaman contributed hymns to the 
Church Times, to various magazines, and to 

(1) Rymmfor the Children of the Church (M hymosl, 
I8T9 ; (1) JTymtttfor the Little Ones in Sunday Schools 
(lobymnsl, 1884 ; (3^ The Rev. M, Woodward's (FoLke- 
stonej Children's Service Boole, 1983 ; (4) Mra. Brock's 
CnU&ren't J&sm Book, 1881 jand(S) the AUar Hymnal, 
1SB4. Mrs. Hernaman edited The Altar ffymnat, and 
contributed thereto a few Irs. from the Latin in addition 
to original bymns- 

Mrs. Hernaman's hymns in 0. U. appeared 
as follows : — 

i. In her Child's Book of Praise, 1873. 

I. Behold, toehold He cometh. Advent. 

a. Holy Jesus, we adore Thee. Circumcision, 

3. How can we serve Thee, Lord. Air Choristers. 

4. Jesus, in loving worship* B. Cbmmun&m. 
6. Jesus, Royal Jesus, palm Sunday. 

a, l^ord, I bave sinned, but pardon me. Penitence. 
T, Lord, Who throughout these ltaty days. Lent. 
8, Keverentiy we worship Thee, B. Trinity. 
ii. In her Apmndix to The Child's Book of 
Praise, 1874, and Hymns for Little Ones, 1884, 
0. Hoesmiah, they were crying. Advent, 
iii. In her Christmas Carol, 1075, 
10. Angels singing, Church belts ringing. Christmas 
Carol. 

it. In Hymns for the Children of the Church, 
1878. 

II. As Saint Joseph lay asleep. Flight into JB&ypt, 
li. Come, children, lift yonr voices, ifitrwit 

13. God bless the Cbuich of England. Prayer forth* 
Church. 
Ms. Happy, happy Sunday. ^Hiditjr. 
IS. He led them unto Bethany. Ascension, 
It. Jceu, we adore Thee. B. Comjnvnion. 

v. In her Story of the Bewrrection, 1879. 
IT. Early with the blnshof dawn. Easter. 
18. Now the six days' work is done. Sunday 



HEBE, DES TAGES MUHEN 

Ti. In The Altar Hymnal, 1884. 

ID, Ana, arm, for the oonfliot, soldiere (lSSD). Pro- 
ssstioflal. 

80. Calling, calling, ever calling. J&ne Mixtion. 
Written In 1BI8, and printed in Jftw and Old. 

ill. Qradons Father, we beseech Thee. BWj Ctn»- 



32. Hdl to Thee, Jesu. Jloly Gmnmnlon. 
13. llpgnify the Lent to-day, f^wisgmaj. 
M. O Lamb of God, Who dost abide. Bol$ Cbm- 
bdhh'oji. 
2S. This healthful Mystery. J&Iy ftmunuHtoi. 

Tii. Iu Mrs. Brook's CMWren's Hymn £7;., 
1881. 
as. It is a day of gladness. Girtt' Friendly Societiet. 

Mrs. Hernaman's (r». in Tfte Attar Hymnal 
are annotated under their Latin first lines. 
There ia also her Good Shepherd hymn, in 
tbreo putts. (IV " Faithful Shepherd of Thine. 
own;" (2) '-Faithful Shepherd, hear our 
cry;" (3) "Bhepberd, who Thy life didst 
give," which appealed in Hys./or the Children 
of the Church, I 878, and in The Altar Hymnal, 
188*. She d. Oct. 10, 18!>8. [J. J.] 

Herr, des Tages HiJhen und Ba- 
Bohwerden. C. J. P. Spitta. [Evening.'] 1st 

fub. in hiB Psalter and Har/e. 1st Ser. Pirna, 
838, p. 93, in 4 st. of 8 i. It is one of the 
finest German ovening hymns, but of rather 
nn unsingnblo metre. In the Leipzig G. B., 
1844, and the G. B. for the Grand Duchy of 
Saxony. 1883, it begins, "Herr, des langen 
Tags Bi'Strhwerden." Tr. as :— 

Laid, "Whs by Toy presence halt mad* light, a 
good and full tr. by R. Massifs in his Lyra 
Domestica, I860, p. 8. This has been repeated 
in varying centos in the Wee. ff. £'£., 1875; 
Suppl. of 1880 to the Bapt. Ps. ,(■ fltjs. ; 
Thring'a Coll. ; Holder's Cong. Hyl., 1884, Ik. ; 
and in America in Laades Domini, N.Y., 1884. 

Otfuc taa* in: — 

(I) "Oh Lord! Thy presence through the day's dis- 
tractions," by JKii Mf, laid, p. B. (*) "My work 
■ " ' "■■ llirht-" in the Jbmiiy 

(3) "0 Thou 

by Dr. If. Magvin, 
[J. MJ 



was pleasant. Lord, my burden light," in the Jbmiiy 
Treatttry. isrs, p. fist, signed " JT 6." (r 
Who didst my burden share. 



1893, p. 30. 

Herr, grosser Gott, dicJi loben wir. 

[General Thanksgiving.'] Inclnded in Der 
heiUge Getang zxtm Gottesdientte in der rStniseh- 
hatholischen Kirche, Landshut, 1777, p. 105, 
in 5 st of 8 L with the refrain, 

*' Herr, grosser Oott ! dtch loben wir, 
Bekenoea dich, and danken dir." 

and entitled, " Hymn for a Festival of Praise 
and Thanksgiving. On the model of the Am- 
brosian hynm of praise, Te Deum Laudamus," 
Eepeated in the Conttam G. B. (B. C), 1812 
(1825, p. 595), the Trier G. B. (B. 0.), 1846, 
p. 231, &e. The only tr. in ©- U. is :— 

OGodthelerd, toThw we raise. In full, by nr. U. 
F. Ltttlodale, in the ivople'i Os/l., IBM (signed " A. L. 
P."), and Porter's CAUrcftmoft'i fljft., 1816 ; and omit- 
tttur st. lv. in the Bvmnary, 1813, and Dale's Engltih 

jr. bk lavs, [j. M.] 

Herr, lasse miser ScniffleLn heute. 
F. Wtnhelmann. [For those at Sea.] Included 
as for use at Services on Shipboard in Knapp's 
Ev. L. S„ 1837, No. 3104 (1865, No. 2762) in 
3 st In hia Index of Authors Knapp as- 
cribes it to Friedrich WinJielmann, who was, 
he says, a physician in Brunswick, and d. 
there in 1807. Tr. ns, " O Lord, be this our 
vessel now " (quoting the Ueitnan firist liuo 



HEEBNSCHMIDT, JOHANN D. 515 

as " O Herr lass ") liy Miss Winkfforth in lier 
Lyra Ger., 1858, p. 111. [J. M.] 

Herr Zebaoth dein heiliga Wort 

[Htily Scripture.] Included in the Singende 
wnd klingende llerge, Miihlheim, 1698 (Ftteher, 
ii. 487), and repeated in Freyiinghauson'H 
Neuee geittreichee G. B., 1714, No. 205, in 6 st, 
of 8 1., and the Unv. L, 8., 1851. It is some- 
times erroneously ascribed to Christian Knoir 
von Bosenroth. Tho only tr. in O. U. is ;— 

Laid ef Heata, Thy holy word. A Rood tr. of st, 
I., iv., v., by A. T. Russell, as No, ai ta his Ft. * Ilya., 
» [J. M.] 

Herriok, Robert, s. of Nicholas Hcrrick, 
goldsmith in CheapBide, London, ivas b. in 
London in 1591, and educated at St John's 
Collcge,nndTrinityHaH,Cambridge. Taking 
Holy Orders in 1629, he was presented to the 
living of Dean-Prior, Devon. During Crom- 
well's Government he was ejected, but was 
reinstated at tho Bestoration. He d. iu 1674. 
His JVb&fe Numbers wns pub. in 1647 ; and his 
H&peridee, or the Worht hothe Humane and 
Divine, of Robert Herrick, iu 1648. Various 
oditions have followed, including that by Dr. 
GroBort,in 3 vols., iu his Early Kngliih Poets, 
1860. A Selection, with Memoir by Dr* Not*, 
was also pub. at Bristol, 1810; and another 
Selection, by F. T. Palgrave, in the Golden. 
Treasury Series, 1877. Herriok's Hesper£<fei is 
also ono of tho Universal Library Series, edited 
by H. Morley, 1884. [English Hymnody, Etriy, 
§ JX-] [J. J.] 

Herrmann, Johann Gottfried, tj.d., s. 
of Gottfried Herrmann, pastor at Altjesenitz, 
near Bitierfeld, Saxony, was b. at Altjessnitz, 
Oct. 12, 1707. After studying at tho Univer- 
sity of Leipzig (m.a. in 1781), he was appointed 
in 1731 diacouns at Bania, near Neustadt on 
the Orla ; in 1734 diaconus at Pegnu, near 
Leipzig; in 1738 superintendent at Plauen; 
and in 3746 chief Court preacher at Dresden, 
and oberoonsistorialrath. He d. at Dresden, 
July 30, 1791 (JfiTecn, v. 503-505). Tho only 
hymn by him tr. into English appeared in the 
Privilegirte neue und vollstandige VoigUUndi- 
tche Gesang Bueh, Plauen, 1742, which he 
edited while Superintendent at Planen, It is : 

Oafct hin, ihr glaabitea Oedanken, The Love 
of God. A fine hymn, founded on Epb. i. 3-12, 
on Faith produced and nourished by the ever- 
lasting love of God. 1st pub. 1742 us above 
(ed. 1751, No. 843), in 14 St. of S 1., entitled 
"On the Everlasting Love of God." Included 
as No. 413 in the Unv. L. S„ 1851. The only 
tr. in C U. is : — 

On wings ef faith, ye thoughts, fly heaee. A 
good tr^ omitting st. viii., by Miss Wink worth, 
in the 1st Ser. of her Lyra Gcr., 1855, p. 121. 
Her trs. of ll. 1-4 of st, v., xiL, *., xi. beginning 
"Ahl happy hours! whene'er upsprings," with 
a 5th st. net from Herrmann, added to complete 
the hymn, were included as No. 646 in the Amer, 
Sabbath if. Bk., 1858. Another arrangement, 
consisting of 11. 1-4 of st. ii.-iv., vii., liii., Ap- 
peared as No. 233 in the Sabbath H. Bk., 1858, 
and is repeated in several American collections, 
It begins : — " Ere earth's foundations yet were 
laid." [J. M.] 

Hierrnsehmidt, Johaim Daniol, vma b. 
April 11, 1675, at Bopriugen, in WiirtttuiUrij, 



516 HBBTZOG, JOHANN F. 

whore Ilia father, G. A. Herrnschmidt, mi 
from 1673-1702 diaconus, and 1702-1711 Town 
preacher. He entered the University of Altdorf 
ui 1696 <m.a. 1698), and in the autumn of 1698 
wenttoHalle. In the spring of 1702 he became 
assistant to his father, and in July, 1702, 
Heifer at the Town church. In 1712 he be- 
came superintendent, court preacher and con- 
sistorialrath at Idetein, and in the same year 
graduated d.d. at Halle. He was finally, in 
1715, appointed Professor of Theology at 
Halle, and in 1716 also sub-director of the 
Orphanage and the Fadagogium there. He 
<1. at Hallo, Feb. 5, 1723 (Koch, iv. 349-354, 
569, &c). Ho was one of the best hymn- 
writers of the older Pietistic school. His 
hymns are Scriptural, and mirror his inner life, 
but do not possess much poetic force. They 
were almost all written during his first resi- 
dence at Halle, 1693-1702, and appeared 
mostly in Freylinghausen's Oeidreichis G. B., 
1704. Three have passed into English, viz. : — 
1. OottwiUsmaeh«i,dasBdieSaohen. Tnut in (ted. 
1>04, No. 41f, In IT Bt. of 6 1., repeated as No. T66 In 
the D*i*. L. S„ 16Si. It 1b founded on the Gospel for 
the Mh8. after Epiphany (St. Matt-vlii. V3-2T)< and is 
full ofclear cut, almost proverbial sayings, 3r. as: (1) 
" God will make It, canst thou take It," In the Sttppl. to 
Ger. Pudmodjr, ed. nee, p. S3. (S) "Storms and 
winds may blow and batter,* aeKo. 4ss in tbe Moravian 
S. Bk., liss, til the isfll and later eda. ( ISM, No. MS), 
Ubejdns, "Stonnsof troublemay assail us." (a) "God 
so guides us, what betides us." by ^. L. fromMffhami 
ISM, p. 161. 

The two remaining hymns (ii-, iii.) are 
annotated under Varioua, [J, M.] 

Hertaog, Johami Friedrieb., ll.j*, s. 

of Johann Hertzog, diaconus of the Church of 
the Holy Cross, in Dresden, was b. at Dresden, 
Juno 6, 1647. After tbe completion of his 
legal studies at the University of Wittenberg, 
he was, from 1671 to 1674, tutor to the sons 
of General-Lieutenant von Arnim. In 1674 
he returned to Dresden to practise as an ad- 
vocate, where he d. March 21, 1699 (Koch, iii. 
361-63; Alia. Deutsche Biographic, iii. 251). 
The only hymn by him which has been Jr. into 
English is; — 

Han aiah der Taf geendet hat, Vni keiue Bonn 
melur ssbelnt, \Eveiting.~\ Fischer, ii. 129, says 
that, according to the testimony of Hertzog's 
brother, this hymn was written one evening 
in 1670 while the author was still a student at 
Wittenberg. St. i. and the melody appear as 
No. 8 in the 1 Zehen of A. P. Krieger's Nate 
Arien. In 6 Zehen, Dresden, 1687 [Leipzig 
Town Library]. Hertzog seems to have adopted 
this st. nnd added S others, the farm in 8 st. 
being found in Luppius's Andachtig Smgender 
Christcn-Mund, Wesel, 1692, p. 123, in 9 St. In- 
cluded as No. 822 in Freylinghausen'a Geistreiches 
Q. £., 1704, with a 10th St., which, according 
to Fischer, first appeared in the Leipzig G. B., 
1693. Also in the Vnv. X. S., 1851, No. 530. 
It speedily became popular, was often imitated, 
and still holds its place as one of the best Ger- 
man evening hymns. The trs. in C. [J, are : — 

1. And new another day is gone. A good tr., 
omitting at. vii., by J. C, Jaeobi in Ms Peal. 
Otr., 1722, p. Ill (ed. 1732, p. 174, altered). 
St. vii., "With cheerful heart I close my eyes," 
while parallel with the German is really st. iv. 
of Watts's " And now another day is gone," in 
his Divine and Moral Song*. The 1732 tert, 
iliglitly altered, is No. 479 in pt. i. of the Jforu- 



HBRVBY, JAMES 

own H. Bk., 1754, and st. i,-iii., vii., ii. altered 
are No. 391 in J. A. Latrobe's Coll., 1841. The 
form principally used is a cento beginning, " In 
mercy, Lord, remember me " ; nnd being st. iii., 
vii., ii., i. slightly altered as No. 760 in the 
Moravian H. Bk., 1789, and repeated, omitting 
st. i., in later eds. (1886, No. 1183). This 
cento has recently been included in Windle's 
C. P. & flyl., 1862, in Dr. Thomas's Augustine 
H. Bk., 1866, Dr. Martineau's Hys. of Praiie 
$ Prayer, 1873 ; and in America in the Meth. 
Epis. H. Bk., 1849 j Hys. for the Ch. of Christ, 
Boston, 1853, ire. 

t. And now another day is past A version of 
st. i.-iv., vii.-i*., based on Jaeobi, is found aa 
No. 494 in the Appendix to the American Ger- 
man Reformed P». $ Hys., 1834, and also in the 
Amer. Luth. Gen. Synod's H. Bk., 1850. 

S. The ahadsa of night have banished day, A 
full and very good tr. by Miss Dunn in her Hys, 
from the German, 1857, p. 16. Included, slightly 
altered and omitting st. vi., viii., in the Upping- 
ham & Sherborne School H. Bk, 1874, and thence 
in Thring*s Coll., 1882. 

4. Now that tile ran doth shine no more, A 
good tr., omitting st. iv., vi., x., by Miss Wink- 
worth in her C. B. for England, 1863. 

t. The day is dene, the sun la set. A tr. of st. 
i.-iii., vii., marked as by F. C. C, as No. 176 in 
Dr. Pagenstecher's Coll., 1864, 

fl. Blnee new the day hath readied its etose. In 
fnll as No. 311 in the Ohio Luth. Hyl., 1880, 
marked as a compilation. 

Other tn, an: (1) "The waning day hath re«cbedlta 
close," by H. J. Buctall, 1843, p. Si. (1) " The day is 
gone, and now no more," by Dr. Q. tTrtWcer, lssu, p. fll, 
(3) " Now that tbe day from earth hath crept," by Kits 
ManinyOm, 1863, p. 136. [J. M.] 

Harvey, James, m.a., s. of the Bector of 
Weston-Favell and Collingtree, diocese of 
Peterborough, was b. at Hardingstone, near 
Northampton, Feb. 14, 1714, and educated at 
the Free Grammar School, Northampton, 
and Lincoln College, Oxford. At Oxford he 
had John Wesley, then a Fellow of Lincoln, 
as his tutor. Ordained in 1736, ho assisted 
his Either for a short time, and then become 
Curate of Dummer. At the end of a year ho 
passed on to Devonshire, first as a guest of 
Mr. Orchard, at Stoke Abbey, and then as 
Curate of Bideford. In 1742 he left Bidefnrd 
and rejoined his father, whom he succeeded 
as Bector of Woston-Favell and Colling tree 
in 1752. He d. Deo. 25, 1758. His con- 
troversial and religious writings were very 
popular at one time, but have follen out of 
use. His Meditations among the Tombs 
(suggested by a visit paid to KiUcbampton 
Church, Cornwall), Reflections on a Flower 
Garden, and a Descant on Creation, were pub, 
in one volume in 1746; and his Contempla- 
tions on the Night, and The Starry Heavens, 
with A Winter Piece, were pub. as a second 
volume in 1746. A complete edition of his 
MedikUions and Contemplations were pub. 
with a Memoir (Lend., W. Tegg) in I860. 
From theso tlie following hymns have come 
into C. U, :— 

1. stake the extended skies yonx tomb. The Tin* 
Lift. This was given In the Mcditatfims among the 
Xbmtv, 1146, In 4 it. of 4 1. as tbe conclusion of a medi- 
tation on " Tbe only infallible way of lmraortatiilng 
our characters" : — 

"Tbe only Infallible way of Immortalizing our 
characters, a way equally open to the meanest and 



HBBZ DER GftETLICHEBT NATUE 

■wit exalted fortune is, ' To make our calling and 
election sure,' to rain some sweet evidence that our 

novel on written in heawn." 

" Hake tbe extended skies your tomb ; 
Let stare record jour worth," *c. 

Its nee In modem hymn-books Is limited. 

I. Sum all flu downward tracts of time. Proti- 
Stnee. This appeared In -the JUfltetUmt [on a Jtottw. 
ffarden, 1T4S, m 3 it. of 4 1. It is given is a note to 
the following sentence: "Be still, then then uneasy 
morula know that God is unerringly wise; and be 
assured that, amidst the greatest multiplicity of beings, 
ha does not overlook tbee. H 

"* Femtttas tytis expanders mwu'niouf, quid 
Omvtniat nobis, rcoutow tit stilt nottrit. 
Met jars Jueundla apUssmu {nKSJue dabiwt tit : 
Carter td ittit homo, gtuw tttrf.— Juv. 
" Since all tbe downward tracts of time 
God's watchful eye eurveys ; 
01 Who so wise to choose our lot, 
And regulate our wtys ! 
" Since none can doubt Hie equal love, 
(JnmeaBurablv kind ; 
To His unerring, gracious will 

Be ev'ry wish reslgu'd. 
" Good wlien He gives, supremely good 
Nor less, when He denies; 
E'en crosses, from His sovereign hand. 
Are blessings In disguise." 
In addition to this hymn being in C. ET. In this Its 
original form, It Is often found in G si. and beginning, 
"Since all tbe downward rracfci of time." [J. J.l 

Hera der giJttUehen Matur. If. L. 

ton Sniendorf. [Supplication for Grace.'] 
Written in 1728, and included as No. 15 in 
the Andere Zugube to the 2nd ed., 1728, of his 
Sammlmg geist- und UMiehtr Litdtr, 1725, 
fed. 1731, No, 1143), in 7 at. of 8 1, In the 
BrSder G. B„ 1778, No. 975, it is abridged, 
and begins, " Herzen&lamm, Immanuel!*' 
while in the Wesleyan Zi'on»fc«r/e, Winnraden, 
1663, No. 2i, it begins, " Gott, ans dem qutllt 
alles Leben." The full text is in KnoWs .En. 
L. 8., 1850, No. U53. IV. as :— 

God of Hod, in Whom combine, a somewhat 
fires tr., omitting st. vii., and in 6-line sts., by 
J. Wesley in H. # Sacred Poems, 1739 (P. 
Worts, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 162). It was included 
as Wo. 122 in Wesley's Pocket H. Bk., 1785, but 
not included in the larger H. Bk, till the Supple- 
ment of 1830, So. 610 (revised ed. 1875, No, 
666). Repeated as No. 333 in the Leeds H. Bk., 
1853. In the mth. 2f, Con. H. Bk., 1863, No. 
191, it begins " God the Son," and in Dale's 
Eng. B. BA.1S1S, No. 494, it begins "Al- 
mighty God, in Whom combine." £J. M.] 

Hers und Hera vereint auaammeru 

N. L, non Zintendorf, [Communion of Saints.'] 
Written in 1725, and said to have been 
occasioned by strife in the Brethren's Unity, 
healed by common love to tbe Saviour. 1st 
pub. in his Die letzten Beden unssrs Herrn 
und Beylandei Jetu ChrUti vor teinem Grtuhes- 
Tode, Frankfurt and Leipzig, 1725. 

Tble work contains a poetical rendering of our Lord's 
Farewell Discourse as recorded in St. John xiv^xvii., 
each chapter forming a section of the poem, which thus 
contains respectively 43, S3, SI, sod 113 at. of 8 t. — in 
aU 3X0 et. From thlB at. S3-6B of section It. were 
Included as No. 130B in the 3rd ed., 1T31, of the&ttiua- 
Utnggeitt- und litblieher Xaeder, 1T1B, and repeated in 
theifermawt a. B., lMo.lnSst. In tbe Brudtr a. B., 
im, No. 113, st. as of section ii., 1139, was omitted, 
and three sts. Inserted ss vii., vili., x., which are taken 
from st. 58, 31, and 104 of section iv. of the 1131 ; while 
tbe text of all the etonsus is considerably altered. (See 
tbe various forma in the Bl&tttr far RymauAagU, 1H83, 
pp. 49-Gl.) The text of 1TIB is No. 10M in the Berlin 
O. L. &, ed. 1SS3. The text in Bunsen's Yertuch, 1833, 
Ho, ago, in a st., Is greatly altered from the ins, 



HE'S GtONBl SUE WHERE 517 

The tr. in C. U. is :— 

Heart and heart together bound, a good jr. of 
Bunsen's text by Hiss Winkworth in her Lyra 
Cter., 1st ser. 1855, p. 124, repeated as No. 105 
in her C. B. for England, 1863. Her st iv.-vi. 
altered, and omitting iv., 11. 5-8, and beginning 
"Jesus, truest Friend, unite," were included ss 
No, 278 in the Pennsylvania Lnth. Ch, Bk., 1868. 

Other tra. are: — 

O) "Flock of Jeans, be united "(st. it.), by J, Killer 
andF. W.Foster, as No. 189 in tbe Moravian E. Bit., 
1 J89, f IBis, No. *8B), (1) " Grant, Lord, that with Thy 
direction," (st tx.) as Ho. lets, in ibe Sappl. ot laoa 
to toe Moravian E. Blc„ isoi. In the IBM ed. of the 
Moravian E. Bk., Nob. 1 and 3 are rewritten, and a tr. 
of st. L prefixed, beginning, " Christian hearts in love 
united." (3) "Heart to heart In love united," In the 
Chriitian Examiner, Boston, U.B., Sept. Iseo, p. M*. 

Hersllebater Jesu, was hast da 
verbroahen. J. Seermann. [PattionUde.] 
1st pub. in his Vevcti Mnsica Cordis, Breslau, 
1630, p. 63, in IS st. of 4 1., entitled "The 

Ouuse of the bitter sufferings of Jesus Christ, 
and consolation from Hia love and grace. 
From Augustine." 

The Latin meditation on which the hymn la baaed la 
No. vll. of the Mtditationa of St. Augustine. This 
book, however, Is not an original work of that Father, 
but a medifevfld compilation, mainly from St. Ansehn of 
Oanterboiy, but in part from St. AuguBttoe, St. Gregory 
the (ireat, and others. Aledltaticn vii. is by St. Anselm. 

It is a beontifnl and thoughtful hymn, and 
has been extensively nsed in Germany, It is 

fiven in Mutxell, 1858, No. 30, in the Vnv. 
,. 8., 1851, No. 102, dec. The fine melody 
(given in the C. B. for England') is Ijy J. 
Criiger, appeared in his Newes volttflmm- 
Kcfces O. B,, Berliu,1640, and is employod by 
J. S. Bach in his St. Matthew and St John 
Passion Music Tr. ns : — 

t, What laws, my blessed Saviour, haat Thou 
broken, a good and full tr. by Hiss Cox in her 
Sacred B. from tht German, 1841, p. 25 (ed. 
1S64, p. 51, slightly altered). In 1874 her Us. 
of Bt. i.-iv., vii., altered, and beginning, " What 
law, most blessed Jesus," were included in 
Darling's //. far Ch. of England. 

3. What law, beloved Jesu, hast Thou broken, a 
good tr. of st. i., iii., iv., ix., by A. T. Russell as 
No. 91 in his i**.*^., 1851. 

3. Alas, dear lord, what Uw than hast Thou 
broken, a very good tr., omitting st. v., by Miss 
Winkworth ns No. 52 in her C. B. for England, 
1863. 

Other tn. are:— 



What then, dear Jesus^ hadet Thou done or 
Jesu ! wherein wert Then to be blained," Ho. 233 in 



CI) "Wi 
eafd," No. 



& 



IBS in the Moravian E. Bk., 1T41. 



"Dear 



l.ofthe Moravians. Bk., 1VM. In theed. of 1B4>, 
_ o. 103, it begins- " Dear Jesus ! wherein art ; " cud in 
the lsss ed., No. v^^Lth st. Iv., "0 wondrous grace, 
all earthly love exceeding." (3) " Alas, dear Lord, 
what evil hast Thou done, ' by Mitt Wtnkvorth, 186S, 
p. IT. (4) "O precious Jesus, what hast Thou been 
doing," by Mlsa Burllngham in the BritiA EeraM, 
July, USB, p. 101. repeated in Beid'a Praite Bk., 18)2, 
U) " What didst Thau, Jesus, dearest One," by Br. 
J. GutKrie, 18BB, p. 18. (B) " O dearest Savionr 1 what 
law hadst Thou broken," by Jf. L. frotMnahtun, 1B70, 
p. 208. fj. M.] 

He's gone ! see where His body lay. 
T. Kelly. [Swter.j Pub. in the let ed. of 
hiB Hymns, &c., 1804, in 6 st. of t> 1. (ed. 1853, 
No. 32), nnd is based on St. Matt xxvili. 6. 
In addition to the oripjinal, two altered forms 
of the test are in 0. U. : — 



518 HE'S GONEI THE SPOTLESS 

1. "Ojoyful eoundl glorioni hour." TMaarterar 
UonofBt. li.-iv. appeared in Hall's Jfffre B, Bk., 183s, 
Kb use 1* limited, 2. "Come, Bee theplaco where Jesua 
lay. And Leer angelic voices say," This version of tin 
text wbb made bj toe compilers atILA*& Jf.» 1861, and 
1b in extensive use. [J, J,] 

He's gone! the spotless soul is gone. 
aWMeg. ^filarial,] Written « On the death 
of the Rev. James Hervoy, Dec. 25, 1758," 
and pnb. in 'Wesley's Funeral Hymns, 1769, 
No. 38, in 4 nt. of 6 1. (P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol vi. p. 279>. It 1b adapted for general use 
in the Amor. Meth. Episcopal Oh. Hymn*, 
1849. [J. J.] 

Hesse, Jonann, «.»., s. of Johann von 
Hease, a merchant of Nttrnberg, was b. at 
Niimberg, Sept, 21 or 28, 1190. Ue attended 

tliu Universities of Leipzig (1506), Witlunberg, 
whore ho graduated m,a., 1511, and heard 
lectures from Luther and Johann v. Staupitz ; 
Bologna and Eerrara (d.b. at Eerrara, 1519). 
During his residence in Italy he gained an 
insight into the corruptions of the Church in 
that country, and on his return home in 1520 
ho sided more and more with the party of 
Reform. He had bean appointed Canon of 
Neisse in Silesia in 1515, and was in 1520 
ordained priest at Breslau. He acted for some 
time as a Provost of the Olmroh of St. Mary 
and St, George, at Oels, and was then sum- 
moned to Breslau, in 1521, to preach as a 
Canon of the Cathedral. He did not at first 
declare himself openly for the Reformation ; 
but on a visit to Niimberg in the spring of 
1523, preached a sermon in St. Sobald's 
Church, in which he proclaimed himself on 
the side of the Reformers. On this he was 
Invited by the magistrates of Breslau to be- 
como Evangelical pastor of St. Mary Mag- 
dalene's Church there; and in spite of the 
opposition of the Pope and of King Sigismnnd 
of Poland, he was formally installed, Oct. 21, 
1523, as the flvst Evangolical pastor elected 
by the people in Silesia. He d. at Breslau, 
Jan. 6, 1547. (Koeh, i. 360-367 ; AUg. Deutsche 
Biog., xii. 283-284, &e.) Two hymns have 
been ascribed to Hesse, one of which has 
passed into English, viz.: — 

"Welti loh muee dkh laaaen. For the Dying. Wntik- 
ernagtl, ill. p. 9SJI, gives this in 10 St. of e 1. (torn a 
broadsheet printed at Nttrnbcrft, c 1G55, and from a 
Nttrnberg G. -B. of 1669. It Isalso In the Um. L.8., 
1851, No. 839. Lauxmanu, in Koch, vili. 689, eayB that 
according to tradition It was written as a dying Bong for 
criminals oa their war to execution, iu whose welfare 
Hesse had begun to Interest himself as early ae 162ft. In 
Jereiulas Weber's Q. B„ Lelprig, 183B, p. TIO, It la 
entitled, " A funeral hymn fbr a person who on account 
of lile misdeeds ib lawfully and justly brought from life 
to death, whose departure 1b publicly shown that every- 
one may take It to heart/' Its popularity was greatly 
aided by the beautiful melody to which It is set. This 
is given in Its original form by Miss Wlnkwortb, and in 
IL A. & Jf. (No. H6) la called fnngjsrudt. It appears in 
G. Forstftr's Auttxug ffuter oWer vnd newer Tsuticher 
Htxtlein, Nttrnberg, 1639, In a four-part setting by 
Helurich Iaaak (b. c, 1449, Capellmeister to the Emperor 
Maximilian I.) to the words of the travelling artisan's 
song " Innsbruck, ich musa dich lassen." Tbis hymn 
is tr. as :— 

world, I now nmat leave tiiee, a good tr. of at. i., 
iv.-vill., by HUs Wlnkwortb. as So. 189 in her (7. B. 
for England, 1863, repeated, omitting at. vl-,ln tbe Ohio 
Luth. fljmwia 1 , 1880. Another tr. is:— "0 world, I 
leave thee ; far I go," by Dr. (f. WaHter, I860, p. 161, 

Another form of the nymu Is that with the game first 
line given in Heinrlch Knaust's Gattenlutwer, Butter 
una Btrnliedlifi chTistlteh^ moraliter unnd titUick ver- 
cttderi, Frankfurt-am-Maln, 1H1, where it is in 3 St., 
signed "S. U. K." (I.e. Dr. Helurich Knaust), and «n- 



HEU I HEU I MAT.A MUNDI VITA 



titled, H Isabruek ich muss dkh lessen cbrlBttanly and 
morally altered." Thence fa WOekernagel, Iv. p. Vsi. 
The only tr. at this form is, " world, I must forsake 
thee," by Ufa WbOMerth, 18*9, p. 91. [J, M.] 

HeBBenthaler, Magnus, was b. in Oct., 
1621, at Hoehdorf, near Waibllngen, Wiirt- 
temberg, where his father was pastor. He 
became, 'in 1656, professor of history, diplo- 
macy, and rhetoric, in the so-called "Colle- 
gium illnstTe,'' or academy for sons of noble- 
men, at Tubingen, and also lecturer on moral 
philosophy in the University. In 1663 he was 
appointed by Duke Eberhard III., of Wflrt- 
temberg, as historiographer of "Wilrttembcrg, 
and removed to Stnttgart, where he d. April 2, 
1681 (Attg. Deutsche Biog., xii. 271). 

A very complete Bet of hla works la preserved iu tbe 
University Library at TttWngen ; hut neither there nor 
in Stuttgart, Amsterdam or elsewhere have we been 
able tofiudthe J Etai»iireIi«(A«J , M&rtiMmm*whlchhel6wld 
to have pub. at Amsterdam 1068, and which A'oeA, 2nd 
ed. II. 314, says contained 13 or' " ' " 
Nttrnberg 0. B, lfttS, there are 9 



ed. II. 314, says contained 13 original hymns, in the 
— • - - • - • ,(if — 

212, 313, 313, 46C, *T9, 90O under fits name ; and in tlie 



los. 13, H4, 94, 



ed. of 1«B9 a 10th CSu. H8, "Wenn Jenund telnen 
Lebenelouf "). One has passed Into English, viz. :— 

Kem Jean, Trie gjoaa iat die Ueh. S&iittt? Days, 
In the Rflrobcrg (f. *., iei6, Ho. 313, to 10 at. of 1 1., 
appointed for featlvala of apostles and martyrs. Tr. 
ass— - 

Tine Shepherd, who in leva meat deep, by Hiss 
Winkworth, as No. t9 in her C. B.for England, 1S43, In 
S St. of 4 L Hiss W. seems to have tr. some altered 
and abridged version ; at least the s «t. aba gives booow 
more or lcsa from sll tbe 10 at. of the original. 

[J. M.] 

Heu! Heu! mala mundl vita. [Ad- 
vent. - ] This poem was 1st pnb. at length by 
E. Iievis in his Aneadoia Sacra, Tnrin, 1789, 
p. 119, and ascribed to the Franciscan Peter 
Qonelfa, of Tortona, A slightly fuller form in 
384 lines, beginning, " Hen ! Heu ! nrandi 
vita," was pnb, by E. du Sferil in his Po&ies 
Populairet Latines da Moijen Age, Paris, 1847, 
p. 108, from a »s. of the 12th crat. in the 
National Library at Paris. In 1849 Arch- 
bishop Trench pub. a portion of the poem in 
his Sa/n-ed Latin Poetry, beginning "Eheul 
Ebeul mundi vita," with the following note: — 

*' The as. is of the twelfth century, and tbe poem 
Itself can scarcely be of an earlier date. Three or four 
stanzas of it bad already got abroad. Tbue two are 
auoted by Gerhard, Xocf Th&Al. xxlx, 11, and see 
Leyser, Jliai. Poem. Med* Aeni, p. 423, The attribution 
of these fragments of tbe poem, and thus Implicitly of 
the whole, to St. Bernard, rests on no authority what- 
ever : it Is merely a part of that general ascription to 
him of any poems of merit belonging to that period, 
whereof the authorship was uncertain. 

Hone, Nos. 298, 299, included it in two ports, 
(i. " Hen ! Heu ! mala mundi vita." ii. " Cum 
revolvo toto corde"), and held that it was 
made up of two poems, though possibly by the 
some Italian author. The first part (11. 1-200) 
he gives from a Boiolienau us. of the 14th 
cent,, &c. ; and tbe second part (11, 201-384) 
from a hb. of tbe 13th cent, at Trier, &a. His 
notes and renderings are extensive. In Daniel, 
iv. p. 194, the text of both parts is quoted from 
Mone. It is alBo in a lis. of the 11th cent, at 
Bern (No. 424). [J. M.] 

The full text of this poem has not been 
rendered into English. The following are 
centos therefrom : — 

L Cum revolvo tvto ocrde. This is tr. by T. G* 
Crippen in his Ancient St/mns and Poems, 1868, 
p, 47, in five parts, as in Mow and Daniel, • Ho 
portion of this tr, is in C. U. 



HEONIBOH, CASPAB 

li. Apfropiiunat «nln dies. This cento begins 
with line 321 of Du Jfehf) text, and line 117 
of Mono and Daniel Dr. Littledale tr. it ftu 
the People's H., 1867, as "Now the day is 
hasting on," No. 19, whew it is signed " F. R." 
This was repeated in the Irvingite Hye. for the 
ChvrcAes, enlarged 1871, and in both instances 
it is given for Advent. 

iH. Bias ilia, lies vitas, This cento begins with 
line 325 of Da Xeril's text, and line 121 of the 
text as in JSfone and Daniei. This was tr. as " Lo 
the Day, the Day of life " (VldoeniQ, by Mrs. 
Charles, in her Voice of Christian Life in Sing, 
1858, p, 190. It was repeated in Sehaff"s Christ in 
Song, 1869-70, and other collections; and as 
" Lo, the day of Christ's appearing," in the 
Hymnary, 1872. Dr. Kyaaston has also a tr. in 
his Occasional ffynm, 1862, Ho. 7, in 2 st. of 8 1. 
(" Day of Life, all sorrow ending "), which he en- 
titles " A Hymn of Judgment." It is not in 
C V. althongb worthy of that honour. [J. J,] 

Hennisch, Caspar, was b. July 17, 1620, 
at Scliweinfuri^in Jftrnnoonia. After graduat- 
ing at Jena, he became, in 1615, pastor at 
Prieeenshausen, near Sotweinfurt ; in 1646 at 
Oberodorf ; and in 1617 diaoonus at Sohwein- 
fnrt He d. as superintendent at Schweinfnrt, 
Oct. 18, 1690 (Wetzel, iv. 237-238). One of 
his hymns has been tr. into English : — 



O Ewigksitt du Kreutanrort, 
eluded as No. Molnther" ' 



Sternal Lift. In- 
o.b., lass [Dncai 



Ubray, Tr/ernigerode], in » St. of s L, signed M. C H., 
I.e. Magister Caspar HeuulBch. It is a companion hymn 



to "0 Ewigxelt, du Donnerwort " (q.vA by Rist. 

Thstrs.an: flV'Eternttyl delightful sound," by J.£ 
Jaeebi, t>M,p.iei{iT3a,p.S»). (si "Eternity: tbst 



word, that Joyful ward," by Miu Pry, 1816, p. ill, 
(3) " Eternity 1 O ward ofjoy," by Mb BurUugham, In 
the BtitiA BeraU, Sept. 1MB. p. 143, repeated In 
Hold's Praise Bit., Ws. [J. MJ 

HeuBBer-Sohwoiaer, Meta, dau. of 
Diethelm Sohweizer, pastor of the Reformed 
Church at Hirael near Zurich, was b. at 
Birzel, April 6, 1797, and was married in 
1821, to Johann Jakob Heuesor, a physician 
at Hirzei. Dr. Heweer d. at Hirzei in 1859, 
and his widow continued to reside there till 
her death on January 2, 1876 (Koch, vii. 
877-381 ; AUg. Deutsche Biog., xii. 339, 340). 

She was of a true poetic genius, and may fairly be 
regarded as the raoet Important of modem German 
female eocred poets. The Holy Scriptures and the 
mountain Bceueiy of her lonely home were the chief 
sources of her poetic inspiration. She was trained In 
the school of affliction, and Ler poems bresthe the spirit 
of deep and sincere piety and childlike dependence, are 
free from all affectation, and epsak from the heart to the 
heart. Her poems first appeared at Intervals In Albert 
Knapp's Chtittoterpe. The first series of them were 
pub, at Leipzig in less as LUder timer VerJforgenen ; 
reprinted with her name as her Getttchte at Leipsig, 
18S3. A second series was pub. et Leipzig In IBM. A 
large number of her hymns are found in Knapp's So. L. 
S., 1B60 and 1B64 ; and in tlie Dwtx\u S. B., IBM, of 
ber friend Dr. Schaff, afterwards adopted as the official 
book of the American Kelormed Church. A full 
selection of her poems was translated by Hiss Jane 
Borthwlck. and was pub. by Nelson in 187B as Alpine 
Ltfriet, and Included as part of the new od, of Mymnt 
from tag Land of Luilier, 1S84. The dstea of composi- 
tion, unices otherwise stated, have been kindly supplied 
by her daughter, Frauleln Egs Heusser. 

I. Hymns tit English C. V. 

I. Hen, dn hast vie! geweinst. Consolation. 
Written in 1837, on her return from Pfifers 
(Pfeffeis). 1st pnb. in Kuapp's Christotcrpe, 
3341, p. 3315, in 9 st. of 4 1., beginning "Du 
hast, O Hen geweinet," as "A Floweret from 
Pfafers." Repeated 1858, p. 90, and in Kuapp's 



HEUSSER-SCHWEIZEB, META 519 

Christenlieder, 1841, No. 190, and Ev. I. 8., 
1850, No. 2060 (1865, No. 2.120). Tr. as :— 

Lang hast thou wept and sorrowed, in full, by 
Miss Berth wick, is £ Z. L., 4th Ser., 1863, 
p. 33. The tr$, of st. i., viL-ii., were included 
in Wilson's Service of Praise, 1865, and the 
whole in SchafTe Christ in Song, 1870. 

Another tr. is :— -" Hesrt, thou hast long been weep- 
ing," In Beld'a Praise Bk., laji. 

ii. Sohweige still, Consolation. Written Jan. 
25, 1849, and 1st pub. in Knapp'a Chrlsloterpe, 
1852, p. 128, in 6 st. of 5 1., entitled " Be still," 
and repeated 1858, p. 108. Tr. as :— 

Heart be itill 1 a good tr., omitting st. iv., in 
the Christian Treasury, June, 1853, p. 142. In- 
cluded in the Shadow of the Sock, N. Y., 1869, 
and thence in frill in Horder's Cong. Hymnal, 
1884, and, omitting st iii., iv., in W. F. Steven- 
son's H. for Ch. $ Home, 1873. 

Other trs, are: — 

(I) "Peace, be still ! In this night," In the Ckrittiun 
£uuniner,Boston,UJj,,KoT.iBBO. (a) " Peace, be still, 
Through the night," by jKji Bortkaiclt, lsw, p. at. 

IL Hymns not in English C. U. 

iii. Sanhet ma idles; ihr Kinder der gottliohen 
Liebe. Thanlagivtta. On 1 Tbess. v. IS. Written 
April 1, 1B31. let pub. In ber LUdtr, lsss, p. HT, In 
a St. IV. as "Give thanks fbr all things, children of 
your God," by jfitf florttwiot, 1SJS. 

ivi TJerdu&ngst die BdunenenaneT. SvppUcatim. 
Written 1B33. 1st pub. In Knapp'e Chrittoterpe, 1838, 
p. 8T6, in 12 st. Tr. as " Thou hsst borne our eins and 
sorrows," by Miss Borthwlck, 18TB. 

v. Sunkel istsl dea Lebeas laute nine. Ihi 
Mother's Prayer. Written 18 W. 1st pub. In Knapp's 
ChritiDterpt, 1831, p, 4B, in 14 St., entitled, "At mid- 
night, try tiie children's bedside." Tr, as "DurkneBS 
re^ns — the hum of life's commotion," ^y Hiss Borth- 
wiek, la B. L. L„ ibm, p. Si. 

vi. Endlith, andlloh, wirst aneh da. Entourage- 
matt. Written 1*29. 1st pub. In Knapp's CKritto- 
terpe, 1834, p, 41, in 14 st. Tr. ne " Doubt It not— thou 
too shalt come," by Miss Borthwlck, 1875. 

vii* HoV ieh eueh wiederi ihr Tone des FriihliAgs 
siUlngea. Spring. This noble hymn wee written 
in March, 1333 fisai V), after many troublous days and 
nights, during a journey from the snow-clad heights of 
Hlrzol to the neighbouring Lake of Zup, where Spring 
had already begun. (iVocft, vIL. 380.) 1st pub. In 
Enapp'e Christoterye, IB36, p. ass, in 31 st., entitled 
4i Jlymn of Praise. In early Spring amid the first songs 
ofthe birds." Tn the hymnals the second part, " Lamm, 
das gelltten, und Lotfe, der slegretch genmgen" (St. 
k0* Is given for Ascensiontide. The trs. are, (1)" Voices 
of Spring, with what gladness I hear you ogsin," by 
Miss Borthwlck, m B. L. £., laea, p. s. (a) " Lamb; 
that hast suffered, and Lion of Judah victorious," by 
Dr. H. Harbaugh, In the German Reformed Suard&m, 
July, 18S6. (3) (l Lamb, the once crucified 1 Liun, by 
triumph Bnrrounded," tr. April, 18SS, by T. C. Porler, 
for ScbafTs Cftrist in. Sang, 1S68. 

viii. Xcliwws,da»mt>inErlaieriebst. Cbnsolaiwm. 
Written March ao, 1SS9, an Job xix. 2B, and included 
from her us. In Dr. Schaffs Deuttclia O. B., 1800, In 6 st. 



(eec bis note there), and then In her ^edicAtV, 1803, p. 
145. aY.as "Yea! my Redeemer lives, to save us," bl 
Dr. H. Mills, In Schaffs Ckritt in Sana, HID. 



ix. Ich weiss was mUh er&etwt. •'0^ in Believing, 
Written IBiO, and 1st pub. In Knapp's Chriitoterpe, 
18B4, p. 182, in a st, IV. as " I know what bringeth 
gladness," in the Brititli. jareroH, July IBSe, and in 
fold's Praise Bit., 18T3. 

x. Kooh sin weniff Sehwelaa und Thrilnen. Pilgrim 
Bong. Written 1B3S, and 1st pub. In Knapp's Chriita- 
terpe, IBM, p. a44, in B et, Tr. as *' A few more con- 
flicts, tolls, and tears," by Miss Borthwlck, 1&1&. 

xi. O Jesus Christ, main Leben. Love to C&ritt. 
1st pub. as No, IBS In the zarieh G. B., 1S63., In S st. 
H. Weber, In his Dai Zttreher-Getangbuek, Zurich, ISTa, 
p. 28T, quotes from a letter of the authorese, by which 
It aptiears that about the year 1844 some of her Iriends 
wiencd a hymn to the dne old melody, " £s 1st cin Bos 
entsprungen." She came upon fto. IBaT in Knapp's 
Eo. t. $.. 1B3T, " Jesus, der 1st meln Leben," recast it, 
and adapted it to the required metre. Aa the hymn is 
thus only partly original, she did not Include It in her 



620 HEDT 1ST DBS HBEBEN 



piii 



,vtour," 



" O Christ, my life, my 

■ . 89. 



ibUebed works. 

by Miss Borthwiclc, 18IB. p. t» 
xii. Bo aish in Gottee Iweden dens. JUreied* <e a 



jnareijrH JfEiffcmary. Is* pub. In Knipp's Mkriitotnye, 
iskz, p. 134, in 11 si. 2V* as *' Now, in toe peace of 
Ood,"lw.MiM Borthwick, 18TB, p. 06. 

**" xheuer let dnr Tod der deinen, iteafa 0/ the 
SigUaxtt. Written on the death of a friend In 1349. 
1st pub. In Knupp's Cftriitofciyt. isna, p. I3t, in B st. 
Tr. as " Dear to Thee, Lord, And precious,' 1 by Miss 
Borthwick, 1B7S, p. 49. 

xiv. " XTsbet elnXlmnas," sosjraoherinnaehtUeher 
Stunde, -Eternal Li/fe. Founded on St. Johnxvi. 16. 
Written 1941, and let pub. [n Knapp's Cftriltoierac, 
1816, p. Ml, in Id st. IV. as " A little while J so spake 
onr gracious Lord," by Mies Borthwick In H. L. L., 
1858, p. 33. 

xv, WiUkenunen, liaher, Usher Tag. Eatttr. 
Written 1825. 1st pub. In Knapp's 0»ri*Joterp(, 1834, 
p. H, In 11 st. Tr. as " We welcome thee, dear Easter 
Say," by Dr. H. Mills In ias», printed In Schaffs Christ 
in Sang, 1BJ0 (18T»,p. MS). 

xri. Wir warden bai dam Bern eein sHwelt. 
Sternal Life. Founded on 1 Thess. ly. IT. Written 
184o, and 1st pub. in Xnapp's CKrittottrpe, 1846, p. 33, 
In T st. The frt. are, (1) " sweet home echo on the 
pilgrim's way," by Miss Borthwick, ta B.L.L., 18BS, 
p. ex (ft " Heated Voice— that Voice from Home," 
by Dr. K. Magutre, 1883, p. 181. 

xrii, Zu dunes lueses lass mieh liacen. Cross and 
amtolation. Written 18*6. 1st pub. In her Gcdichie, 
IBM, p. 120, in ll st. IV. la " Low it Thy feet my 
spirit lies," by Hiss Borthwick, 1816, p. 83. 

Besides the above, many pieces have been 
tr. by MiesBorthwiok, Miss Bnrlingham, Key, 
J. Kelly and others. Being poems rather 
than hymns, they are omitted from this list. 

P.M.] 

Heut 1st dea Herren Euietag. [Sun- 
day.'] Included as No. 27 in the New ardent- 
lick Getang Buck, Hannover, 1646, in 17 st. of 
4 1., repeated as No. 1059 in the Berlin G. L. S., 
ed. 1863. Sometimes erroneously ascribed to 
Nioolaus Selnecker. The only tr. inC.U. is: 

Thij is the day of hob/ rest, A good tr. of st. 
\., ii., vii., ii., by A. T. Russell, as No. 11 in his 
Pa. o? Hys., 1851, and thence as No. 257 in the 
New Zealand Hyl., 1872. [J. M.] 

Heut iat ge&hren Oottea Sohn. [As- 
centum."] Bdmaker, i, pp. 87, 633, cites this 
hymn as in the Catkotische Kirchen GesSng., 
Cologne, 1628; the WSrtiburg Q. B. (R. C.\ 
1628, 4c In Hommel'a Qeistliche ValisUeder, 
Leipzig, 1871, No. 102, it is given in 14 et. of 
2 1., from the WUrsburg G. B. (K. C), 1630, 
&c. In the Trier G. B.(R. 0.% 1846, p. 93, 
altered and reduced to 7 at. Tr. as : — 

To-day the San of Ged hath tone, Ia full from 
the Trier Q. B., contributed by Dr. Littledale to 
Lyra Messianica, 1864, p. 369. An original 8th 
couplet, 

" And we, amid the Angel throng, 
Shall sing to Thee the glad new song," 

accidentally omitted in 1864, was added when 
the hymn was included in the People's Syt., 
1867, Ho. 150. [J. M.] 

Hewett, John William, h.a,, was b. in 
1824, and educated at Trinity College, Cam- 
bridge (B.A. 1849, m,a. 1852). From 1849 to 
1852 he was a Fellow of St. Nicolas College, 
Shoreham; and subsequently he was Head 
Master of Bloxham Grammar School (1853-36), 
and Senior Classical Master in the North 
London College School (1874-78). He has 
also held curacies in London and the neigh- 
bourhood. He edited The Sealed Copy of the 
Prayer Booh, 1848, and other works, and is 
the author of History and Description of 



HEY, JOHANN W. 

Exeter Cathedral; and another of Ely. His 
original hymns and translations appeared in 
his Ferses by a Country Curate, 1859. From 
this work the following hymns have come 
intoC. U.:— 

1. In the Name of God the Father. H. Ommunfon, 
The and stems begins, " Le in wondrous condescension," 
and the 3rd, " Here In figure represented." 

3. Jesu, now Thy new-made soldier. After B&y 
Baptirm. 

3. Whit time the evening shadows fall. SS. Simon 
Afvdt. 

4. Withdrew ftom every human eye. St. Bartho- 
lomew. 

There ore also two rr». in S. A. & M., 
"Jesn, our Lenten fast to Thee," and "O 
Thon Who dost to man accord," q.v. Hi» 
Verses contain several good hymns iu addition 
to those named. In addition he contributed 
a few hymns (all signed by hhn) to the Lyra 
Messianica, 1 864 ; and " Jesue, Thy presence 
we adore " (if. Communion) to The Eucharutic 
Rymnal, 1877. [J. J.] 

Hey, Johann Wilhelm, s. of H. A. Hey, 

Sastor at Leina, near Gotha, was b. at Letna, 
[arch 26, 1789. He studied at the Uni- 
versities of Jena and Gottingen, became in 
1811 licentiate in theology, and, after varied 
tutorial work, was appointed in 1818 pastor 
at Tottelstadt, near Gotha. Inl827hebeoame 
oourt preacher at Gotha, where his preaching 
attracted large audiences, but being regarded 
as a Pietist, was in 1832 appointed superin- 
tendent of Ichtershansen. He d. at Ichters- 
hauBen, May 19, 1854 (Koch, vii. 262-266; 
AUg. Deutsche Biog., xii, 344-345; MS. from 
Pfnrrer Ortlob of Leina). 

Key's poems were mostly written for children. The 
hest known ue bis Jntefoi far binder, with Illustra- 
tions by Otto fipeckter, of which the first bo appeared at 
Hamburg, 1S33, the second fl» in 183T. Since then they 
have passed through a large number of editions in Ger- 
man, and have been several ttmes tr, lute English. At 
the end of each eeries is a "Serious Appendix," con- 
taining religious and moral songs. The whole of these 
two 4PP™<Kcei have been tr. into English as Eymtu 
and Poems for Little Children, fnmilated from tht 
German. London, 18B3. Also in the Fifty tablet, 
issr.and Other fifty Fables, IMS, tr. by Sophie Klinge- 
mann, and pub. by F, A. Perthes at Gotha. 

Very few of Hey's hymns are suited for 
Church use. Those which wo have to note 
are: — 

I. Hymns for Church Use. 

i, Wenn aueh vor deiner Thilr <rf " 1 ** 1 Christian 
Charity. 1st pub. in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1S3B, p. 88, 
in 8 et. of 4 L, as the Bth hymn of a series on the -words 
" Behold I stand at the door and knock," Rev. Hi. 20. 
In Kaapp'e JSu. L. 8., 183J, No. Ill 2 (ibbb, No. 2146), It 
was altered to " Christ ! wenn die ArmenmanchesnisJ," 
end this form psased into the Wflrttemberg G. B., 1842, 
and other Tecent collectlena. The only tr. Is, "Ah, 
Christian ! tf the needy poor," by Mrs. Flndlater, in 
B. L. L., 3rd Ser., 18SB, p. 30 (1884, p. 182). 

ii. Wenn je du wieder sagst, Paitiontiat. On 
Olirlst in-the Garden of Getbsemane. 3st pub. in Seve- 
rin Vsier's Jahrbttch fUr hfaattehe Anaacht, Gotha, 
1824, p. ITS, as No. » of the " Reminiscences of the 
sufferings of Jesus ^ for the Quiet Says of tbe week 
before Easter," in S st. of 8 I., with the motto " Not 
my will, but Thine be done." Included in Bunsen'a 
Vtriuek, 1833 ; Knapp's Ev, L. S-, I860 and 18«B, &c. 
Tr. as:— 

Whene'er again tium srnkest. A good and full tr. by 
Miss Winkworth in ber Lyra ffer., 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 26, 
and repeated, abridged, in Pi. * Byt., Bedfbrd, 1894, 
and In Holy Song, 18Sv. 



II. Hymntfor Children. 
All those to be noted appeared ... .. 
2nd Series of his -FKoetti fur Kinder, 



ApptndU 
imbnrg, 1 



BIG BEFABANDUM GENEBATOB 

in. All* John fWv, ksnmt das DhiirtW Kind, 
Otrirtnat. 183), p. SI, In 3 at. Tberr».«re:(l)"The 
bleated feast of Chri»lmat,"tu a. * iVmMSS*. p. 81, 

il] " Itvery year that endeai," by ApMt JriifvoMtwi, 
868, p. 31, (3) "Ai each happy Christmas," by Mn. 
H. B, Spaeth, as No. S3 tn tbe Littit CkOOrtn's Bit., 
Philadelphia, 1888. 
It. Ana dem Himmel fern*. Cod our After. 1831, 



p. >, in * ftt. The fr». me: (1) "From the glorious 
h«*T'ii*bov(i," tnJ. APom*, 18*3, p.«, (a) "From 
the glorloua heaven," by Mn. Bason, lsee, p. 139. (3) 
■ Fiora Um angel*' dwelling;" in Dr. F. Sticker's Song 
Batik far Ike Yewif, Nelson, 1888, No. 1. (4) " From 
Bis heaven above," by <SbnMe XUngantam, 1889, p. >. 
(I) "From tba &r blue heaven," u Mo. SIS, is the 
TrUmtt of Praise, Button, DA, 1BT3. 

t. OKaUaui Uinft, Vbgleia tmft. flianlwitrfiv. 
183), p. 1) (In the ei 188*, w.n„ is p*rt of 



*t*nn, SteriKlete), tn 6 st. The Sr». ue : (1] " The 
~ ring. The Mrde they dug," b£c 

. . ■ 1*) ' - - 

dier'i*n(*M*,l»aB,_»o,»._j;8) " Dells are ringing, 



bells ttey ring, Tbe Mrds they ting,' 

uis, p. «s. (ii • - 



Belli do ring, birds do alug," tn HI- 



Birds ere tinging," by Sophie Zitnoematm, 18(9, p. u. 
(i) "ChiirchTiefii rbk/'V*™- H. K. Spseth, ln£ittfe 
Madrm't it., 1888, So. II. 

*L Webttt in wie vid 8tsrnleu stshen. Go&'t 
can i/ Mis oreaturw, 183), p. 3D, m 3 St. The tn. 
ere: (1) " Canst thou sum speech brilliant alar." In 
X, A Amu, 1863, p. n. (a) " How many sUrs are 
ahtnmg," by Mn. Boon, 18U, p. 14*. (S\ "Can you 
tell tbe conntleti n<unber," by dbjAfe ifWnflaiMWMi, 
1S88, p. 30. (4) "Canst thou count the ttara that 
twinkle," In the Sev. C. 8, Here's ChUdrm't CKcral 
BJt., 1888, p. t, repeated u No. 438 in the CnfterMl 
A M„ 1888. 

ifL Wen Jems llebt Ser kinn tlletn. Line ef 
Ckritt. 188), p. 3), in 4 st. The tn. ares (V) "They 
who lore Jesus alone can be gay," In H. A Poant, 1883, 
p. »0. S) " The lore of Christ makei ever gt(4," by 
OpAie JEKmFauuHi, 18(8, p. 8). (3) " Whom Jesus 
leree," by Hie. H. K. Spaeth, In Semfc* * i»rt. for 
Sunday adocit (SouUwrnl«ther«n), pmadrfpbls, 1883, 
p. 1)8. (4) "WbomGhrtstaoldsdeu-,''byPror.M.H. 
Bichardt, as No. 88 in the Little ChMrtWt Bk., Phfla- 
deiphia, 1984. [J. M.] 

Hie reparandum generator fons ani- 
marum. St.PaulinusofNola. [Holy Bap- 
tism,] In the Quniao Breviary, Paris, 1686, 
p. 235, this ia given in 6 st and a doxology 
as a hymn for we Octavo of tbe Epiphany, at 
Vespers. See also under Various. Tr. as 
"Ever sparkling, ever mounting"; by E. 
Caswall, in his Masque of Mary, 1858, and 
his Hymns, 1873, p. 218. In 1862 it was added 
to the Appendix to the H. Noted. [J. M.] 

Hie to the mountain a&r. J. Mont- 
gomery. {Freedom of tte Save.'] This is 
No. t. of liis Songt on The Abolition of Negro 
Slavery tn ike British Colonies, Aug. 1, 1831, 
in 4 Bt of 8 L It is headed, " The Negro's 
Vigil: on the Ere of the first of August, 
1884 ; ' They that watch for tho morning ; ' 
Ps. tui. 0. It was pab. in hU Poet? » Port- 
folio, 1635, p. 220. In 18iS,st. i., ul., slightly 
altered, were given in Longfellow and John- 
son's Bk. of Hymns, Boston, U.S.A., as " Climb 
we the mountain afar." [J. J.] 

Hier legt main Sinn sloh vor dir 
nieder. 0. F. Bidder. [Hoping for Grace.] 
1st pub. In Preylinghansen*s O. B., 1704, 
No. 909, in 12 st of 4 1., and included in 
Richter'a ErbauUehe Betraektungen, 1718, p. 
376, as a hymn on spiritual conflict and 
victory. Bepeated as No. 313 in the Unv. 
L.8^lttl. Tr. as:— 

Xy seal beta** Thee pnatnte liei, a good and 
fall tr. by J. WelUy in J**. * Hys., Clmrles- 
town, 173T ; repeated, omitting st. if., in hit Ti. 
$ Stared Poems, 1739 (P. Worts, 1868-73, vol. i. 
p. 85). Though not adopted in the Wee. H. Bk., 
1780 or 1875, the hymn came into C. 0., by 



HIGH PBIEST SOB 8INNEB8 521 

being included (omitting Wesley's st. viii., bnt 
greatly altered) in the Moravian H. Bk.^ 1754, 
and later eds. (1886, No. 511). A ceato partly 
from Wesley and partly from the Moravian H. 
Bk., 1801, is to be found in Martineau's Hymns, 
1840 and 1873. The eta, most frequently em- 
ployed in making centos are Wesley's i.-v,, viii., 
ii. Selections from these are found in Mont- 

r aery's Christ. Psalmist, 1825, &c, Mercer's 
P. 4r H. £)u, 1857 } and in America in the 
Meth. Epis. H. Bk. of 1849, and their Hymnal 
of 1878 ; the Andover Sabbath H. Bk., 1858 ; 
Bapt. Service of Song, 1871, &e. [J, M.] 

Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, 
ma., was b, at Cambridge, U.8.A,, Deo. 22, 
1823, and educated at Harvard. From 1847 
to 1850 he was Pastor of an Unitarian Church 
at Newuuryport, and from 1852 to 1858 at 
Worcester. In 1858 he retired from the 
Ministry, and devoted himself to literature. 
During the .Rebellion he was colonel of the 
first negro regiment raised in South Carolina. 
In addition to being for some time a leading 
contributor to the AtianUo Monthly, he pnb. 
Outdoor Papers, 1863; Malbone, 1869; and 
other works. During his residence at the 
Harvard Divinity School he contributed the 
following hymns to Longfellow and Johnson's 
Bk. of Hymne, 1846:— 

1. No human eyes Thy face may see. Ood lou/um 
teTWoA&ne. 

2. The land our fathers left to us. American STawry. 

3. Tnepast ia dark with Bin and shame. Bast. 

4. To Thine eternal emu, God. Lent. 

In the Bk. of Htpmu these liymns are ell 
marked with an asterisk. They, together 
with others by Mr. Higginson, are given in 
Putnam's Singers and Songs of (he Liberal 
Faith, 1875. [F. M, B.] 

High in yonder realms of light 
T. Baffles. [Heaven.] 1st pub. in 6 st of 

8 1. in the Supplement to the Evangelical 
Magatine for Dec. 1808, with the signature 
" t. b." In 1812 it was included in Collyer's 
Coll,, and subsequently in numerous hymnals 
in G. Britain and America, including Baffles' a 
Suppl. to Watts, 1853, and his Hymns, 1868. 
It is the most popular of his hymns both in 
G. Britain and America, and is in extensive 
use. [J. J.] 

High let us swell our tuneful notes. 
P. Doddridge. [Chrtittna*,'] This hymn is 
undated in the d. sss. It was 1st pub. in 
Job Orion's posthumous cd. of Doddridge's 
Hymns, dec, 1755, No. 101, in 5 st of 4 1., 
and again in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the 
same, 1839, No. 221. It was included in tbe 
Supplement to Tate & Brady's New Version 
(q.v.), under the same circumstances as Dod- 
aridge's ',' My God, and is Thy table spread," 
and a few other hymns. It is in extensive 
use, the text adopted in most cases being that 
in the Supplement to Tate & Brady. [J. J.] 

High Priest for sinners, Jesus, Lord. 

J. Montgomery. [Our Saviour's Prayers.'] 
This poem appeared in his Original Hymns, 
1853, p. 75, with a preamble of 6 1., followed 
by pt. i, in 6 st of 6 1., and pt. ii. of 7 st of 
6 L It is a metrical setting of a running 
account of the prayers offered by our Blessed 
Lord as recorded in the Gospels. A cento 
beginning with st. ii. of pt i. : " Early Christ 



522 HILABY, HILARIUS P. 

rose, ere dawn of day"; and a second, "O 
Father t save me from this hour" (pt.iet.TL}, 
were given in the Scottish Etaag, Union Syl^ 
1878. [J. J.j 

Hilary, Hilariua Piotavienaia, Saint, 
Bishop, and, according to Bt. Auguttim, " the 
Illustrious Doctor of all the Churches," was 
Ik, of heathen parents of &n illustrious family 
and great wealth, at Poictiers early in the 
4th century. He received, as a heathen, an 
excellent classical education, so that St. Je- 
rome says of him that he « was brought up in 
the pompons school of Gaul, yet hod culled 
the flowers of Grecian science, and became 
the Bhono of Latin eloquence." Early in life 
he married, and had a daughter named Abra, 
Afra, or Apra. About 850 he renounced, in 
company with bis wife and daughter, the 
Pagan religion of his family, and become a 
devout and devoted Christian. After his 
baptism he so gained tho respect and love of 
bis fellow Christians, that in 353, upon a 
vacancy oocurriug in the see of his native 
town, he was, although married and a lay- 
man, elected to fill it, and received ordination 
as Deacon and Priest, and consecration as 
Bishop, "by accumulation," no uncommon 
occurrence m those days. From that time he 
wob virtually, though not formally, separated 
from his wife, and lived a very ascetic life. 
Soon after his consecration he received a visit 
from St. Martin of Tours (who became thence- 
forward his devoted disciplo), and distin- 
guished himself by his unsparing opposition 
to the Arian heresy, which bad gained many 
powerful adherents in Gaul at that time, 
obtaining for himself thereby the title in 
after years of "Malleus Arianorum," the 
hammer of the Arums. In 3S6 he was sent 
by the Emperor Constantius to Phrygia in 
exile, in consequence of a report made against 
his moral character by the Arian Council held 
at Beziers in Langnedoc, over which tho 
Arian leader, Saturuinus, Bp, of Aries, pre- 
sided, whose excommunication for heresy 
Hilary had some time before secured. His 
exile lasted until 362, when he returned to 
Poictiers by the Emperor's direction, though 
without bis sentence of banishment being 
formally annulled. In spite of his consequent 
wont of permission to do so, ho left Poictiers 
towards the end of the same year, and spent 
two years in Italy, whence he wasagain sent 
bock to Gaul in 304 by the new Emperor 
Valentinian, in consequence of his denounc- 
ing Amentias, the Bp. of Milau, where 
Hilary was at that time resident, as having 
been insincere in bis acceptance of the creed 
of Nicaea. Hilary lived for some three years 
after bis 'final return to Poictiers, trad d. Jan, 
13, 368, though his Saint's Day (which gives 
his name to the Hilary term in our Law Courts) 
is celebrated on the following day, in order, 
probably, not to trench upon the octave of 
the Epiphany. 

St. Hilary'! writings, of which a large number are 
still erUnt though many have been lost, travel over a 
vast field of exegeUeal, dogmatic, and controversial the- 
ology. His principal work In Importance and elabora- 
tion fa his "Libit xli. de Trinltate," directed against 
the Arian heresy, while in his " Corainentirium In Mat- 
th&euxn " we have the earliest commentary on that 
gospel. The best edition of his works Is that of C\m- 
tt&nt, oiigln&l^ pub, by the Benedictines, at Forla, in 



HILDEfiERT 

10*3, and reprinted, with some additions, at Veron*, In 
a vols,, by Bdpfo Mafia), in 1*30. 

St* Hilary was a sacred poet as well as a theologian, 
though most of his writings of this character perished, 
probably, in hi* Liter Hjfmmmtm, which Is one of his 
books that haa not coma down to us. It seems to have 
consisted of hymns upon Apostles and Martyrs, and la 
highly spoken of by Isidore at Seville In hi* De Qffteto 
fcoXerfaitfco. All that we have remaining art soma 
lines of considerable beauty on our Lord's childhood 
(Dom Pltrs'e SpCoUegixm Solesmeiyty Paris, 1B63> which 
aro sttributed, probably with Justice, to him, and about 
S hymns, the attribution of .which to him la mora or Ion 
certainly correct: Daniel gives t t 4 of which 1— " Ludfl 
Largitor splendide"* "Dana Pater ingenUe"; "In 
matminis surgtmne"; and "Jam meta noctia tnn- 
slit"; are morning hymns 1 one, "Jesus refulsit om- 
nium," for the Epiphany j one, " Jean quadmgenarlae, rt 
for Lent; and one, "Beata nobis gaudia," for Whitsun- 
tide. Tfumatiu* gives another as Hilary's; "Hymnum 
dlcat turb* fratrnm " (for fuller details see under their 
respective first lints). Written as these bymna were in 
the first infancy of LaUn bymnody, and before the 
metres of the old heathen Latin poets had been wholly 
banished from the Christian service of song, or the 
rhyming metres, which afterwarde became eo general 
and bo effective, had been Introduced into such composi- 
tions, they can scarcely be expected to take very nigh 
rant. At the same time they are not without a certain 
rugged grandeur, well befitting the liturgical purposes 
they were intended to serve. Containing as they also 
do the first feenns of Latin rhymes, they nave great in- 
terest Ibr all student* of hymnody, as thus inaugurating 
that treatment of sacred subjects in a form which wad 
to culminate presently in the beautiful Church poetry of 
the 12th cent. [D. & WJ 

Hlldebert, who sprang from a family of 
110 great position, was b* at Laverdin, near 
Montoire. in France, 1057. Brought up at the 
feet of Berengarius of Tours (a pupil of 

Erigena) he so profited by the opportunities 
thus afforded him of acquiring learning, as to 
become one of the most cultivated scholars of 
bis age. Having for some years been a Pro- 
fessor of Theology at Hans, he became at the 
age of forty (1097) Bp. of that see. Ho was 
translated, in 1125, to the Archbishopric of 
Tour^ and d. 1134, 

Hfldeberft character as an individual has been very 
differently drawn by different writers, for while Trench 
describes him ss "a wise and gentle prelate, although 
not wanting in courage to dare and fortitude to endure, 
when the cause of truth required it," who "must ever be 
esteemed one of the fairest ornaments of the French 
Church." Boyle, in his Mtt <* Crit. Diet* represents 
him as having "led a very scandalous life/' even after 
hie promotion to an archdeaconry. As to his character 
as a writer of Latin verse, the evidence is clearer and 
less contradictory, fie is said, by the Benedictine edi- 
tors of his works, to have written more than ten thou- 
sand Latin lines (as various in merit as voluminous in 
amount), sometimes in rhyme, more generally In heroic 
or elegiac metre, and upon subjects ranging from "An 
Address to the Three Persons of the Holy Trinity," to a 
legendary " Lift of Mahomet/' The iaige minority of 
his verses are of little value, while tome rise to such a 
height of energy and grandeur as to induce Trench to 
prefer him to a higher place in sacred Latin poetry than 
any otber writer except Adam of St, Victor, and almost 
to allow him to "dispute the palm" even with the 
latter. The first complete collection of bis writings was 
made by tho Benedictines, who edited them En conjunc- 
tion with those of Bfarbod, bishop of Rennes, his con- 
temporary, and pub. them at Paris, in 1T0& (for sped' 
mens of the best work of fiildebert see Trench's Sac, 
Lat. Poetry, 1&49 and I&13). The most striking of his 
pieces will probably be allowed to be (1) The "nobte 
vision," " Somnlum do Lamentatlone Pktavenei* Eccle* 
slae," of which Trench says, "I know no nobler 
piece of verification, nor more skilful management of 
rhyme, in the whole circle of sacred Latin poetry; "and 
(a) the " Gratia ftevotiuima ad Trea FersonasSS. Trini- 
tatis," which le thus characterised by the same high 
authority: ^ A poem. . .which gradually rises in poetical 
anunatlun until towards the end it equals the very best 
productions which Latin Christian poetry anywhere can 
boast. " The following Erncoful lines of HtldeberVs 
"DeNatlvltote Christ! ' form part of a longer poem, 
and exhibit, not unfairly, the beauties and fault* alike 



HILDEQAKD, ST. 

Of their author's style. For the Attempted translation 
of them which follows the present writer la responsible. 
•' Nectaream rorem terrle distlUat Olympus, 

Totam respergunt flnmtno. mollis humum. 
Aurea sanctorum rosa de preto Parodist 

Virginia In gremium laps* qulevit 1M. 
Intra vfrgmeniiv decus, intra claustra pndoris, 

Colllgtt angellcam Virginia aula num. 
Flos raseua, noa aiigellcus, fl« late beatus 

Vertitur m foeuum, fit caro nostra Sens. 
VerBtnr in carnem Verbem Batris, at sine damuo 

Vertitur Ilk matrem virgo, aed absque viro. 
Lornlne plena suo roanet In naseeute ptrtestas, 

YlrglDenin floienfl In parienta decue, 
Sol lemur nube, foeno floe, oorttce grauum, 

HeTceTa, sacco purpura, canie Dens. 
Asiherla ac terrae sunt haec quasi fibula, aancto 

Foederis amplexu dlssons isgoa hgans," 

" Dew-dropping nectar on earth poors down from the 
heights of Olympus, 
Rivers of honey are abed over the face of the ground ; 
Out of the Garden offiden a bright golden Bow of the 



HILL, BOWLAND 



623 



Into a Virgin's breast tails and reposes in peace. 
Hid 'neath its virginal glory, behind maiden chastity's 
portal, 
Hi-Ld In a Virgin's womb, lies an angelical Base : 
Bloom of a Rose, of a Boss angelic, this bloom ever- 
bteesed 
Turns to a weed, and God puts on the flesh of amah. 
Turned Into flesh is the Word of the Fattier, tbo' shorn 
hot of glory, 
And to a Mother a Maid, though ahe hath known 
not a nun. 
In the new-bom is Eta power still filled with the light 
of His Godhead. 
And in Ilia Mother remains virginal honour uu- 
dlmmed. 
Uonds the ann veil, the bloomd TV leaves, and the ear 
the grain covers, 
Wax hides the honey, sackcloth purpls, humanity 
God. 
These are the clasps that connect this earth with high 
heaven above it : 
Blending in holiest league kingdoms so widely apart." 
P>. S. W.] 

Hildegard, St., Virgin and Abbess, was b. 
at Bookelheim, or Bockenheim, Frankfurt, 
1008. Her father, Hildobert, was one of the 
Knights of Moginhard, Count of Sponheim, 
When eight years old she was committed to 
the core of a sister of the Count, Jutta, the 
Abbess of St. Disibod, a position in which she 
was succeeded by HUdegard iu 1I3G. Under 
the rule of Hildegard the convent became so 
crowded that a new one was built at Buperts- 
berg, near Bingeu, into which, in 1147, Hil- 
degard removed with eighteen Bisters. Hilde- 
gard gained great notoriety in very early life 
on account of visions to which, it is said, she 
whs subject from her 0th to her 15th year. 
In later life she filled a considerable place in 
the history of htr times, not only as a writer 
who had the courage of her opinions, and 
spared neither high nor low in her vigorous 
denunciations of their shortcomings, political 
as well as moral, but as a prophetess add 
preacher. At the instigation of St. Bernard 
she took a most prominent part in stirring up 
the unfortunate crusade which ha preached, 
and engaged in many controversies with the 
hierarchy of her Church. Though she never 
oeased to be the abbess of the convent she 
lisd founded, much of her time was spent in 
travelling about the Continent, preaching and 
prophesying. She d. in 1179, and was buried 
at Bnpertgbsrg, but her remains were re- 
moved, on the destruction of that convent by 
the Swedes, to Eilingen, in 1G22. 

Though St. Hildegard was a voluminous wrirtr her con- 
tributions to the nymnody of her day were neither 
numerous nor important. JTonf glveB three seq"ueucee 
which art> attributed to her, via., one on the Holy Spirit, 



"OignlsfylTituBparacUtt"i another on theB. V. M., 
"O Ylrga ec dladema purpurae Begia " \ and a third on 
SUIHelBod, "Opraesul verae dvitatis." [D.S.W.] 

TTilf, Herr Jean, lass gelingen. J. 
But. [New Fear.] 1st pnb. in the Drittei 
Zekn of his Himiitche Lieder, Liineburg, 1612, 
No. I, in 16 st. of 6 1, entitled " Godly begin- 
ning of the New Year in, and with the most 
sweet name of Jesus." It is one of the best 
German New Year's Hymns, and became 
speedily popular (though often abridged). It 
is in the EW L. &, 1851, No. 70. IV. as :— 

1. Help, Lord Jeans, let Thy blessing, by Miss 
Dunn in her B. from th* Qer., 1657, p. 7 1. The 
tr, is good but free, and represents at. i., iv., 
vii. t viii., xiii.-xvi. of the original. Kepented, 
aliridged, in Dr. Pagenstecher'a Coll., 18tW ; the 
Bapt. Hyl., 1873, and others. 

t, Help na, Lord, heboid we enter, a tr. of 
st. i., iv., viii., xiii., iv., ivi., by Miss Wink- 
worth, in her C. 3. for England, 1863, No. 172; 
repeated in the Ohio Lath. Hyl, 1880. [J, M.j 

Hill, Bowland, m.a„ s. of Sir Rowland 

Hill, Bart., was b. at Hawkstone, near Shrews- 
bury, Aug. 23, 1714, and educated at Shrews- 
bury Grammar School, Eton, and St. John's 
College, Cambridge (b,a. 1769). Taking 
Holy Orders, he was for a time curate of 
Kingston, near Taunton. Leaving his curacy, 
but without renouncing his Orders or his con- 
nection with the Church of England, he 
itinerated for some twelve years, preaching 
mostly in Wilts, Gloucestershire, Somerset- 
shire, and London. At Wotton-under-Edgo 
he built a Chapel, where he often, preached, 
and also opened the well-known Surrey Cha- 
pel, London, in 1783. At the latter place he 
ministered for nearly fifty years. He took 
great interest in Evangelical and Mission 
work, was one of the founders of the London 
Missionary Society, and a member of the first 
committee of the Beligious Tract Society. 
He d. April II, 1833. He was the author of 
several prose works ; he also compiled the 
following hymn-books: — 

(1) A CWleetim o/ PjoIbu and Bj/nnefor thtUteof 
tae Poor, 11)4. (?) A CotttcWm of Psalms and Hymnt, 
chiefly intended for Public Worship, Mss. This was 
enlarged in 1)81, and a Supplement was added in 1796. 
Other revisions followed, tlie last being In 1830. (3) 
Divine ifymnt attempted in ecu? lanffvagefor the Uu 
of clWWres,mo(3nded. lWi later edfl. moa * Wis). 
The bymna In this work, he tella us, are, with the 
exception of Nofl. 24 and 3), hie own, revised and cor- 
rected by aome one he fa not permitted to name {Frtface 
iv.-eiO.). (4) A amadou of ZTynuif for CkU&ren, 
ISOS. (6) Bynntfor Schtx&t, i«32. 

In theue collections no authors' nnmes are 
ven, and his own contributions, except in 
e case of the children's Hymnt, 1730, are 
difficult to determine. By common consent 
the following, including some from the 1700 
jQvmns, are attributed to him : — 

1. Cone, Holy Ghoat, the €emfbrter. WKittuntifc. 
No. 30 of his IHvini sit. for Children, m», in 5 st. of 
I I. and headed "A Child's Prayer to God the Holy 
Spirit/ 1 It was repeated In the later editions of the 
Divine iftf., snd ia fonnd In modem hymn-books. 

8. Pear jiiend of friendless ihinen, bear. A Prayer 
for Bett.in Cod, In bis Pt.&Hyt, *c.,Hbs, Ho. 89, 
In 4 at. of 1., and headed " A Prayer for the promised 
Rest." In modern hymn-bookB Its use is limited. 

S. Happy the children who betimes. Godly .Educa- 
tion. Ko. 8 in bis J}imn£ ify^., ltfto, in o st. of 4 I., and 
headed "The Hlessingsof a godly Education." It was 
repeated in biter editions, and. sometimes with the 
omission of st. v., in modern collections for children, 

4. Lord) we raiss our feeble voices. I'raiK to Jttut. 
Major, In his Bk. qf Fraitt fvr Borne it School, dates 



fin 



524 



HILL, STEPHEN P. 



this brum 1800. It 1b found In several collection! for 
children, 

t. Xj parente pn me, Lad. J Child'j fledicaKon 
ts Co*. So. 13 In his iftvinc Byi., Use, in G tt, of ft 1., 
rod headed "A Cbild'e Hymn on easy Dedication to 
Sod In Holy Baptism," It 1b in a lew modern collec- 
tions. 

6. We tine BU lore Who ones nu slain. The 
ifeRMrecfton. Appeared in the ITaS Acgpfemenf to his 
Pl.itHyt, Itiein American C. U. 

1. When Jon* first at htcrsn's etmmand. Tie 
Kingdom vf Chritl exalted. Composed for the London 
Missionary Society, and printed in the Smngtiicat 
Maaacine, 1197, vol. v. p. SS3. It la appended to the 
author's sermon to the volunteer* preached at Surrey 
Chapel, 1903, and was also included In tbe 1810 ed. of 
his Pi. it flyt., Ho. SM, In « at. of 1 1. with the chorus, 
"Hail Iuunanuel," &c 

I, With hewrairy power, lord defend, departure 
of Mimtttrt. Pnb.fn hls.Pt.* But., US3,So,234, in 
ist. of 4 1., and headed " For Ministers at their Depar- 
ture." In modem hymn-books it is generally given in 
a at. 

S. Ta that in these [His] oonrts are found, Public 
Wi/nikip. This Is usually attributed to R. Hill. It 
appeared, however, In l4dy Huntingdon's B. Bk., HAS, 
p. 404 (ed. ITTSt, p. M8\ and can scarcely be his. In his 
Pi. d agt.i H83. It Is usually given as "Ye that In 
Biz courts," in modem collections. 

The person referred to as having revised 
the DMae By:, 1790, was the poet Cowper. 
The best known of B. Hill's hymns, " Oust 
thy burden on the Lord," and *' Gently, my 
Saviour, let mo down," are annotated under 
their respective first lines. (See also Index 
to Authors.) His Life, by the Bev. E. Sidney, 
M.A., was pnb. in 1834. [J. J.] 

Hill, Stephen P. An American Baptist 
Minister, who pub. Christian Melodies, Balti- 
more, 1836, in which there axe 25 of his 
hymns signed " H." Hie hymn " Come, saints, 
■dare your Saviour God" (Holy Baptism) is one 
of these. It is also found in the Sabbath H. Bk., 
Baptist edition, 1859, and others. [J. J.] 

Hill, Thomas, rj.n., ll.d., b. of English 
parents, was h. at New Brunswick, New 
Jersey, Jan. 7, 1818. At the age of 20 he 
left the apothecary's shop in which he was 
employed, and began the study of Latin aud 
Greek. He graduated at Harvard, 1813, and 
at the Cambridge Divinity School, 1815. His 
first charge was as pastor of tho Unitarian 
Church at Walthani, Massachusetts: his 
second, that of President of Antioch College, 
Ohio, 1859; his third that of President of 
Harvard College, and his fourtli that of pastor 
of "the First Parish in Portland, Maine, 
May 18, 1873." Dr. Hill has published 
numerous sermons, addresses, reviews, Ac, 
and also a work— Geometry and Faith, 1819. 
Putnam (to whose Singers and Bongs of the 
Liberal faith we are indebted for this notice) 
says that he has "written or translated 
several hundred hymns or poems of decided 
excellence." These were mainly contributed 
to American magazines, the first having been 
printed in the Christian Register, in 1838. 
One of these, "AH holy, ever living One" 
(God our Light), is in C. U. Several others 
of decided merit are given in Putnam, 1875, 
pp. 411-19. [J. J.], 

Hiller, Friedriab. Conrad, was b. at 
Unterowisheim, near Bruchsal, in 1662. In 
1680 lie began the study of law at the Uni- 
versity of Tubingen, where he became a 
licentiate in civil and canon law. He d. at 
Stuttgart, Jan. 83, 1726, where he had been 



HILLBB, PHILIPP P. 

since 1685 advocate in chancery at the ducal 

court. 

His hymns, which found favour in Hannover, and have 
kept their place in Wflrttembere, appeared in his Dtnelc- 
mahl der Brkentniit, Liebe una Lob Gotta, in nctten 
otialiehen iuafero, atc„ Stuttgart, nil, with melodies 
by J. G. C. SiSrl. The only one tr. Into English 1b: — 

Jerusalem ds sohone. Batten. 1111, as above, 
p. 535, in 1 st. of G L, entitled Longing after Eternal 
L\ft. It has been * great favourite In Wnrttemberg, 
and was included In the Wurttemberg Q. B., ltaa, and 
again In that of 1S43. The fine melody set to It in nil 
Is found in the jStmnit fijrt., 180s, Ho. 363. 

The in. are : (i) « O Jerusalem the golden," by K. 
Hassle, 18S4, p. 140, repeated In field's Praia Bk., 
lgra. (a) «Q Jerusalem t &lr dwelling," in J. D. 
Bums'a Memoir and Remains, lBSe, p. 3ofl. fj. M.I 

Hiller, Philipp Friediich, s, of Johann 
Jakob Hiller, pastor at Mtihlhaiisen on the 
the Ens, Wurttemberg, was b. at Miihlhansen, 
Jan. 6, 1699. He was educated at the clergy. 
training schools at Denkendorf (under J. A. 
Bengel) and Maulbronn, and the University 
of Tubingen (m.a, 1720}. His first clerical 
appointment was as assistant at Brettach, near 
Neckarsulm, 1721-27. He afterwards held 
similar posts at Hessigheim and elsewhere, and 
was also, from 1729-31, a private tutor at 
Niirnberg. He was then, on St Bartholomew's 
Day, 1732, instituted as pastor of Neokar- 
groningen, on tbe Neokar, near Marbach, In 
1736 he became pastor of his native place, and 
in 1748 pastor at Steinheim, near Heidenheim. 
In his third year of residence at Steinheim lie 
lost his voice, and had to employ an assistant 
to preach. He <L at Steinheim, April 21, 
1769. (Kocn,v, 107-126 ;AUa. Deutsche Biog., 
lii. 425-426, &c.) Of Hitler's hymns the 
best appeared in : — 

(1) -anuWi PnradiM-<MrrJei» .... in Uuttche Lie- 
Get, Rurnberg, s.n. rthe copy In Berlin has a frontis- 
piece dated 1730]. This was written during the time 
he wis tutor at Numbere. P. Gerhardt had founded 
tbe fine hymn - Jesu Christ, metu schonstes Lkbt," 
(q.v.) on one of the prayers in the volume or devotions 
which Johann Arndt had pub., ISIS, under tbe title of 
ParaAia-B&rtlein ; and Gerhardl's example led Hiller 
to think of turning tbe whole of these prayers into 
hymns. Tbe book la In four parts, and contains 301 
hymns, ist being founded on .Arndt and four original. 
(2) QeitUicha Liederkaitlein, Stuttgart, 1162, and a 
second series, Stuttgart, lTST. Each series contains 
36s short hymns, one for each day of the year, A 
complete reprint of these and the other hymns of Hiller 
ClOISlnsllJwased.byC. C.E. EhmannlnlMl (anded, 

less). 

Hiller is the most productive and most important of 
tbe earlier hymn-writers of Wurttemberg i and Is tbe 

r ileal exponent of the practical theology of his friend 
A. Bengel. The hymns of his fWradiH-GortWn, 
while clear and Scriptural, are decidedly spun out (see 
No. xil, below). Hie XAtderTcatt'teia contains the hymns 
of his riper years, and reveals* depth of spiritual wisdom, 
an almost proverbial conciseness, an adaptation to con- 
sole and direct in the most diverse events of life, and the 
most varied experiences of the soul, a suitability as a 
manual for dally devotion, and a simple popularity of 
Htyle that speedily endeared It to tbe pious In Southern 
Germany. It has passed through many editions in 
Germany, while colonists (especially from wurttemberg) 
have carried it from thence wherever they went. It is 
said, e.g., that when a German colony in tbe Caucasus 
was attacked by a hostile Circassian tribe some fifty 
years ago the parents cut up their copies of the Ltedtr* 
Mtlltm aud divided the leaves among their chlldrea as 
they were being torn from them Into slavery. 

The use of Hitler's hymns in Germany has 
principally been in the hymn-books of Wiirt- 
temberg, and, through J, J. Bambaoh's HauM 
6. B„ 1735, in Hannover. The following have 
passed into English :— • 

I. Hymns in English C. U. 

1. Ben liber Leben nnd dtr Sod. Cross and 



H1LLER, PHIUPP F. 

Consolation. 1730, pt. iii. p. 332, founded on 
Arndt's Prayer, 23 (28) of Class iii. The part 
tr, is et. vtii.-iiv., " Heir, meine Burg, fierr 
Zebaoth," which is founded on the fourth part 
of ttas third section of Arndt's Prayer. The text 
is in Ehntaan** Bitter, No*. 885, 886. Tr. as :— 

Bed of Hosts! OsdfntyLert,a tr. of st.riii., 
liii., xir., signed " P. C. C," aa Ko. 163 in Dr. 
Pageiisteoher'e CoH., 1864. 

It. Kein Oott ta detae Hands, Jbr Mi# Dying. 
LitderXSsSem, pt. ii., 1767, for Aug. 8, in 9 
it. of 4 I., founded on Pa. mi. 6. In Ehmann, 
No. SS6, and in Knapp's Ev. L. 3., 1837 and 
1865. JV.asi— 

My Clod, to Thee I new command, a good tr. of 
st. i., iii., tv., vi., Tiii., ii., by Hiss Winkworth, 
in her Lyra Oer., 1st Ser., 1855, p. 245. In her 
2nd ed., 1858, aha substituted a tr, of at. vii. for 
that of st. vi. The text of 1856 is in her & B. 
for England, 1863, No. 194, and in the Ohio 
Smug. Lath. Hyl, 1880 ; and the text of 1855 
in the Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. St., 1868. 

Another tr. ill "My God, Jrtthtn Thy hand," by 
Mitt Warner, 18*8, p. 480. 

IE, Keln Han, du must im Eimmel ads. 
.E&ntoi Zjfe. Zfedertib&m, p. ii., 1767, for 
Jan. 26, in 4 st. of 7 1., founded on St. Matt. vi. 
21. In Wmumn,T$a. 639, and Knapp's Ev.L.8., 
1837. IV. ait— 

Aavtrs, my hurt, as high to live, in fall, by Dr. 
H. Hills, in his Home far., 1845 (1856, p. 66), 
repeated, omitting st. jr., as No. 220 in the 
Arner. luth. Gen. Synod's Coll., 1850-52. 

It. lit warten diin, o Oottea Sebn, Second 
Advent. LiederkSstlein, pt. ii., 1767, for Jan. 
24, in 4 st. of 8 1., founded on 1 Theas. i. 9, 10. 
In Ehmmn, No. 1041, and the Wurttemberg O. 
B., 1842, No. 640. Tr, as :~ 

We wait lor That, all ftatioua fine, a good and 
full tr. by J. D. Burns, in the Family Treasury, 
1859, pt. ii. p. Ill, and hia Remain*, 1869, p. 
264. Included in the Christian H. Bk., Cin- 
cinnati, 1865, and in Hi L. Hastings's Song* of 
Pilgrimage, 1886. 

Author tr. Ii : « Wo wait for The*, O Son of Qod," in 
the' BritUK Btrati, April, 1886, p. 151, and BoWe 
Praite Bk. 1811. This follows the altered form In 
C. B, Garve e Clkritfliefte Oetange, ISM. 

IL Hymns not in Englith O. U. 

v. AheTUadwesentUiiharLiabe. tow »/ God. 1)30, 
pt. IL p. 15, founded on Prayer 4 in Class H. of Arndt, 
which is "TbsnltSfdvlnB; for tbe Love of God, and prayer 
for It" IV. as, "Xbou fttuomlees Abyss of Love," by 
Jfui (F&tfciwrt*, I8Ba,p. *M- 

Ti. AntnnstuitseBntakeiibttta. FortheSiek. Lit&tr- 
WWfcin, 17(1, p. 338, for Dec 3, in 3 et., founded on 
St. Lnke v. IS. Tr. is, " Bed of Sickness ! thon art 
eweet,'Mby Xitt Winkaortk, 18*9, p. 183. 
Tarlerne BUMer. 



fit. Betet an, Tarleme BSioder. Lent. Litder- 
WWlott, I7a^ p. 43, for Jleb. 18, In 3 et, founded on 
St. Ifatt xrlli. 14. Tr. as. " Sinners, pray ! for mercy 
pleading," by Br. S. iritis, IBM, p. so. 

vliL Bas T^wm , ub irnnmiMliimnfri Jbt* £*e Dy* 
ing. MtderbSttietn, pt.ll., 1787, for Ftb.lS.tn 8 at., 
founded ou Acta vil. 68. In the Wflrttemberg O. #, 
1841, Mo. sog.altered to « Per B3rt,sni Knraigwtorben." 
This form is tr. as, " Tbe Shepherd by Bis passion," by 
J. D. Burnt, In tbe FamUy Ttmtary, ISM, pt. It p. at, 
and his Eemoint, lasa, p. 3SS. 

is. Bio Liebe darf wablweineB. Burioltf Ma Dead. 
Xiederinrtlete, list, p. aw, for Oct. 11, In 7 Bt.,fonnd«d 
on I Tness. It. 13. IV. as. "tore over Ibe departed," 
by J. D. Bona In Ms flauoiiu, iae», p. 2K). 

jc Bte Vett kammt linat maanuuea. Awiut ^* 
wb*. Zvderibfittefn, pt. IL, If St. for Jen. 2, In r. St., 
founded on a Cor. v. 10, Tr. aa, "The Dtorld shall yet 
be cited," by J. D. Boras hi the fbmilp Tramoy, 18N, 
pt, H.p. Ill, and ale JbmaAtd 1S8», p-3S3, 

xi. Berr, nuine Lefbsablitta. Mr Us *bmw. JWeder- 
UMMft, pt: 11., ntr, for Feb, la, In * st., founded on 



HIMMBL, BBDE, LUFT UND 525 

1 Peter, 1. 14. The trt. ara:(l) "Lord, my houseof 
clay," by JffM Warner, 18S8, p. tos. (!) "My flMbly 
bonse is sinking now," by Dr. Q. Wallttr, 18*0, p. 109. 

xii. Xein Jsaua afaM aur reahten Hand, Attention. 
tide. 1T30, pt. iii. p. 408, as et, lis-iis of the hymn 
on Arndt's prayer 31 f ») tu Class III. This prayer Is 
a long paraphrase of tbe Apostles' Creed. Tr. as, "Our 
Jesus now at God's right hand," by Dr. A Milt, isu 
(last, p. 330). 

xiii, Snuet Oott, doun Oott 1st Uaba, Tht love qf 
God. LitdertStOtin, n«3, p. 61, for Feb. M, In Set., 
founded on 1 John It. 18. The trt. are : (11 " God la 
love— then sing His praises," by Vr. B. MiOt, I84S 
(lS5«,p.ie). (3) "God Is lore, sing loud before Him," 
by J. D. Burnslnhis Jiemai»t,lSS8,p. 131. 

ziT. Bingt dooh nnsarm Kenfar. AKentiontiSe. 
LitaerkatUein, ilea, p. 328, for Nov. 13, to 3 st., 
founded on Pa, xcvl. 141. Tr. ts, ^ Laud your King sod 
Saviour," by J. Sbeppsid in bla fbreian Sacred Lara, 
186T, p. 04. 

XT. Vnfheilbaia Bnifattialeit. Trinity Sunday. 
173D, pt. 11. p. US, founded ou Arndt 1 * prayer IS in 
Clua IL, entitled ■■ Thanksgiving for the revelation of 
the Holy Trinity." The tr, S from the recast of 
et. vj,-xJI. made by J. & Diterich for the Berlin Q. B, 
lias, No. si, and beguudng "Lob, Ebrt, Praia und 
Bank sel dtr." IV, as, " Love, bononr, tbanks, to Tbee 
wersi»e,"byDr. B, Mtttt, 184S(l«Bs,p. 110). 

xri. was fieat nieh noab vena du't ntoht tdst. Jot 
in Got, ZiaierMttftin, no, for June M. in » st>, 
founded on Ps. ilill. 4. Tr. as, "What earthly Jny can 
Ml my Heart," by B. Haaaie in tbe Brititi ferald, 
Nov. less, p. Ut. 

xriL TPer anaharrt bta ana Bnda. Crott and Con- 
tolotien. Litdv/MtOein, pt. il, 1«7, for Hay 18. in 
4 at., founded on 8t Alatt. xx\v. 13. Tr. as, " He who 
to death toalntalneUt," by J. D. Bums in his Itautim, 
18W, p. Mi. 

x*m. War kann dotn Than hegraifon. Ood't Power. 
Litdtrkatttctn, 17BS, p. 18, for Jan. 18,in3et.,foanded 
on Is. xtv. t. Tr. as, "Who, Loid, Thy deeds can 
measure," by Dr. H. Mtiii, 18*5 (18S8, p. 15). [J. M.] 

HiUluyaHe, Ansuatus Luoaa, younger 
brother of Jamna HUlhcmao (commonly known 
sj the poet Hillhouse), was b. at New Haven, 
Connecticnt, 1792, siid educated at Yale, 
where he graduated in 1810. For «ome time 
he conducted a school in Paris; and d. near 
that city, March 14, 18S9. Hia hymn : — 

Trembling before Thine awful liirena {Joy in tits 
Fbrgivemu ef Bint) was written dr. lsis, and pub, to 
tbe Ckrittion Speeutor t New Haven, Aprtt, 1823, B 
is a good hymn, and la ta extensive use, but usually In 
an abbrerlatod form. The hymn, ^Earthbssojoy un- 
known to heaven," found In a few American hymn- 
books, begins with st. iii. of this hymn. Orig. text to 
Christ in Song, 1810. fj. J.] 

WitittW, Brdo, Luft und Meer. J. 
Neander. [Thanksgiving.] A beautiful hymn 
of praise and thanksgiving for the wonder* 
and; delights of Creation and Providence, 
founded on Acts xiv., 17. 1st pub. in hia 
Glavb- und LUbet-Hbttng : auffgemmAtrt dvreh 
Bundet-Lieder und Danck-Ptaimen, 



Bremen, 1680, p. 162, in 6 st of 4 1., entitled 
" Bejoioing in God's Creation,'' and with the 
note at tbe end, " Is also a TrareUer's Hymn 
by land and water." It passed through 
Freylinghauien's G.B., 170*, into later books, 
and is No. 707 in the Fur. L. 8., 1891. Tr. 
as: — 

1. Heaven and earth, and aaa and air, Ood*a 
eternal. A good and full tr. by Miss Cox in her 
Soared H. from tht Ger., 1841, p. 19S. In mora 
or less altered forms it is found in Alfbrd'a P*. $ 
Jfy*.,1844,and his Year of Praise, 1867; in the 
Marylebona Call., 1851, 01c. ; and in America in 
the H. for the Ch. of Christ, Boston, 1853, &c 

S. La, heaven and earth, and aea and air, n full 
and good tr. in i. It. by Hiss Wink worth in her 
Lyra G«r„ 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 148, repeated in 



526 HIMMELAN GBHT UNBBB 

her C. B. for England, 1863, and in Ps. fr Kyi., 
Bedford, 1859. 

3. Heaven and with, and sea and air, All 
their. This i> a cento, and it good one, in the 
Pennsylvania Loth, Ch, Bi., 1868. It is mainly 
from Miss Winkworth, but partly from Mbi Coi, 
and partly new, and in roe original metre. 

*. Hutch and earth, and sea and air, Still 
their. A full and good tr. by J. D. Burnt, 
included in his Memoir, tit., 1869, p. 229. Re- 
peated in Dale's Eng. H. M., 1875, Bapt. Hijl., 
1879, Horder's Cong. Hyl, *c., 1884. 



rtra, ate: — 
(l) "Heaven and ocean, earth and air," by Jjtiy 

E. Jbrtwcue, 1843. p. 33. (1) " Heaven, earth, land sod 
sea," by Mitt MOnlngton, 1883, p. 105. [J. M.J 

Himmelan geht unsxe Babn. B. 

Scfttnofcft. Mwenmonii'de.] 1st pub. as tlio 
concluding hymn in his Boehim and Elim. 
Breslau, 1731 (No. 105, p. 273), In 10 fit. of 
6 1., entitled " The sweet thought of heaven." 
It is a beautiful hymn of looking forward to 
the heavenly aim and the heavenly prize. It 
U found in many recent German hymn-books 
ns In tho Berlin G. L. S., od. 1863, No. 706 
(omitting fit. vii.). Tr. as : — 

1, Heavenward still our pathway tends, a good 
tr., omitting st. iil., iv., vii., by Mies Cox in her 
Sacred If. from the Gcr., 1841, p. 117, and thence 
in the Pennsylvania Lnth. 04. Bk., 18S8. She 
revised her tr. for Lyra Eucharittka, 1864, 
n. 296, and ner B, from the Gtr„ 1864, p. 211. 
This revised form is in the BapL ffyl*, 1879. 

t. Heavenward doth nu Journey tend, a good tr, t 
omitting st. iii., iv., vii., by Miss Winkworth in 
her Lyra Ger., 1st Ser., 1855, p. 108, and 
repeated in Harland's C. P. & Hyl, No. 452, 
Bapt, Ps. t Hys., 1858, tic In her C. 3. for 
England, 1868, No. 65, altered in metre, and 
thence, omitting the tr. of st. viiL, in the Ohio 
Eoang. Luth. Hyl., 1880. 

1. Heavenward our path stfll goes, a tr. of st. L, 
ii., ir., i., based on Hiss Cox, as No. 231, in Bp, 
Kyle's CM., 1860; repeated in Dr. Pagenatecher's 
Coll., 1864. Altered and beginning " Heaven- 
ward fttitl our pathway goes," in Kennedy, 1863, 

Other tre. art t— 

(11 « Heavenward may our eontae begin," by lady 
K. Fvrteteiu, IMS, p. GO. (1) ■■ Heavenward our path- 
way Ilea," by Mitt /hum, IBS), p. S3. (3) "Heaven- 
ward our pathway Uei, In this world, in., by Dr. 

F. W. «otih, in the Sapt. Maoatirus, Jan. 1SIT. («) 
" Heavenward our road duth lie," by Mitt Horner, 
1SS8.P.117. [J. M.] 

Hincks, Thomas, b.a.,, M.B., -was b. at 
Exeter in 1818, and educated at the Boyal 
Academical Institution, Belfast, and Man- 
chester College, York. He has been pastor of 
Unitarian congregations at Cork, 1839; Dub- 
lin, 1841; Warrington, 1844; Exeter, 1840; 
Sheffield, 1852, and Mill Hill, Leeds, 1855- 
1869. He is the author of several scientific 
works and papers. His hymns were contri- 
buted to Vespers according to the use of JHtU 
ffitt Chapel, Leeds, 1868, a Supplement to the 
collection used by that congregation. They 
are: — 

1. Hark, the evening call to prayer. Evening. 

2. Heavenly Father, by Whose care. Evening. 
a. Lord, in the holy hour of even. Evening. 

*. To the Cruse, O Lord, we bear. Oily Csimiumion, 

The most popular of these hymns is No. 2. 



HINTON, JOHN H. 

They are nil of more thou average merit, and 
are worthy of attention. [W. G. H.] 

Hinds, Samuel, »,d., s. of Abel Hinds, of 
Barbadoes, was b, in Bnrbadoes in 1703, and 
educated at Queen's College, Oxford (b.a, 
1815, ».». 1831). He wna for some time Vice- 
Principal of St Alban's Hall, Oxford (1827), 
and also Principal of Codrington College, 
Barbadoes. He held subsequently several 
appointments in England and Ireland, in- 
cluding the Deanery of Carlisle, 1848, and the 
Bishopric of Norwich, 1849. Resigning his 
Bishopric in 1857, he retired to London, 
where he d. Feb. 7, 1872. He pub. several 

?rose works, and also Sonnets and ether Short 
'oems, 1834, From that work his popular 
hymn, "Lord, shall Thy children come to 
Thee," sometimes given as, " O Lord, Thy 
children come to Thee" {K. Communion,) in 
the Hy. Camp, and others, is taken. [J. J.] 

Hinsdale, Grace Webster, nee Had- 
dock, a Congregntionalist, dan. of Professor 
C. B. Haddock ; was b. at Hanover, Now 
Haven, May 17, 1833, and married to Theo- 
dore Hinsdale, a lawyer of New York, in 1850, 
Mrs. Hinsdale is a contributor to the peri- 
odical press, and has pub. Coming to the King, 
a Boole of Daily Devotion for Children, 18G5 ; 
republished in England ns Daily Devotions 
for Children, 1867. Her hymns include ; — 

i. From Coming to the King, 1865. 

1. A light streams downward from the iky. Haven, 

2. Xy soul oemplete in Jesus stands (1BW). Safety 
inJeeut. 

ii. From Sehaffa Christ in Song, N.Y., 1869. 

9. An there no wounds for me 1 PHuiontiat. Writ- 
ten April, 1868. 

1. J mm, the ray* divine. Jetnt ettr present. Writ- 
ten July, 1868, 

5, There was no awsl 'midst the thronf. Jaut, tie 
Bttiterer ; or. Redemption. Written April, 188*. The 
hymn, "Josue, Thou art my LoW, my God," In the 
1814 Supplement to the Ifea Cong., la composed of st, 
viii.-x., iv.-ivil., slightly altered, or this bymn. 

6, Xbou atand'tt between the earth and heaven. Flr- 

S'n and Child. Thto poem was " written after viewing 
iphsel's Madonna di San Stele, in the Royal Gallery of 
Dresden, Aug., IBM." (Ckriit in Sang.) It is not 
snited for congregational use. [J. J J 

Hinton, John Howard, M.&., s, of the 
Ber. James Hinton, Baptist minister of Oxford, 
was b. in that city. Mar. 24, 1791. He gra- 
duated at the University of Edinburgh, and 
began his ministry at Haverfordwest (1816). 
Thence, in- 1820, he removed to Beading, and 
in 1837, to London, where for many years ha 
was pastor of the Baptist Church in Devon- 
shire Square, Bishopsgate. In bis later years 
he returned to Beading, bat spent his closing 
days at Bristol, where he d. Dec, 17, 1873. 

For she pester part of his life Mr. Hinton was one ot 
the best known ministers of the Baptist denomination, 
and a recognised leader In all their nubile satire. With 
him the logical faculty predominated, and he was a keen 
oontroversuiliat. His prose publications were numerous, 
being chiefly works or Theology and Practical SeUgton, 
but Including also a Sitters o/ tils United Statu of 
North .America ,- Memetri if WSliam Kitatib, &c. In 
1864-6 bis theological writings were collected and re- 
published in seven volumes. He wrote a large number 
of hymns, usually compoflmg one to enlt me sermon 
when ho could not End one adapted thereto in tho book 
need at bis chapel. A few are printed at the eni of bts 
Theological Lectures, be. Many are preserved in vs. in 
the Library of the Baptist Union, at the Mission House 
InFnrnlval Street. Three only are in C. O. and are aa 
follows >~ 



HIPPEL, THBODOB G. VON 

t. Father of til. Instate Thy throne. A rarmlal 
Prayer. 

J. Once I n estranged from Owl. A QroMjui St- 
trotput. 

S. Thou that nearest, let onr prayer. Prayer/era 



These were in tho Eftpt. Stfeciwn, enlarged, 188$. 
Ho. 1 hid appeared In the late ed. of that Sit., ud Is 
ajmiu fry a jfcinfiJn*, 1833. It Is to Spnrgeon's O. 0. 
E. Bk., 186t, end Hoe. laud Sere to the Baptist ft. * 
£*(., IBM. 

These hymns are fair in quality, but Mr. 
Hinton was greater as a public man and 
theologian than as n hymn-writer. 

[W.E.B.] 

Hippel, Theodor Gottlieb von, s. of 
Molcbior Hippel, rector of the Latin school 
at Gerdauen, in East Prussia, was b. at Ger- 
dauen Jan. 31, 1711. He entered the Uni- 
versity of KSnigsberg in 1756 as a student of 
theology, where be became an ardent disciple 
of Kant, and then, in 1762, turned to the study 
of law. In 1763 he became an advocate in 
Konigsberg; In 1772, Town Judge; 1780, 
Burgomaster and Director of Police; 1786, 
Geheim Kriegsrath and City President He 
d. at Konigsberjt, April 23, 179S (Koch, vi. 
B01-808 ; AUg. Deuttche Biog., xli. 463-66). 

la Mb writings Rippers great aim was to popnuirise 
end Apply the Ideas of his muter Kant. In his Inner 
life be n a combination of contradlctknu ; on one side 
of a wonderful fervour of devotion and communion with 
the unseen ; and on the other ambitious, miserly and 
worldly. His hymns, written In the manner of Gellert, 
and linnet all anapooed lJsT-sa, appeared nwetlyln hie 
GtitUishe Lieder, Berlin, 1112* and wen reprinted with 
additions In vol. viH. of Bis collected works (14 vole., 
Berlin, 183I-M), Two have passed Into English. 

I. Oott haV ieh rush eicebea. RaignaUm. DM, 
p. 44, In > st. of 6 L, entitled " Submission to the will 
of God " ; tbencs In the Berlin O. L. &., ed. 1M3, TTo. 
tog. lntbeBerUnff.fl.,i82B,No.SBi > att*redto"Dli 
hab lch mlch eroeben." The only It. In C. V. la : — 

To Thee, lord, I yiatd my spirit. Thus. A free 
tr. of-st. L, 11., v.,' vil., by R. C. Singleton, as No. m, 
In the Anglican B. Bk., IMS. 

ii. Jetrt leV ieh, ob ieh Mmgtta lebe. Preparation 
firrffeatA. m»,p.S»,lnS st., entitled "In recollec- 
tion of Death. 4 In the hymn-books sometimes repeated 
as hi the original, sometimes ss Such I* ics, or as Bent 
ftbich. Tr. as :(!)" Now I live ; but If tonigbt," by 
Hiss Warner, lsae, p. MS. (a) " Though atUU live, I 
know not when," by St. G. Walker, ISM, p. H. 

[J. M.] 

His Master taken from his head. 
W.Oowper. [Death of a Minuter.] 1st pub. 
in the Otney Hymns, Bk. ii^No. 73, in 4 st of 
4 1. It was more frequently found in the 
alder collections than in, modem hymn-books, 
but it is still in use in America. [J. J.] 

Ho, ye that thirst, approach the 
spring. [Lent] 1st appeared as No. 27 in 
the Draft Scottish Translations and Para- 
phrate*, 1746, ss a version of Isaiah lv., in 14 
st of 4 1. In the revised ed. issued in 1751, 
si ii. was rewritten, and st iv., vL, xii, 
slightly altered. Considerable alterations were 
made when it was included as No. 26 in the 
Draft of 1781 ; and in the publlo worship ed. 
issued in that year by the cWoh of Scotland, 
and still in use, it was further altered, and 
st iiL-vi., viii rewritten. The markings by 
the eldest daughter of W. Cameron (<].▼.) 
asoribe the alterations of 1781 to Cameron, 
and tho original of 1745 to William Robert- 
son ; bat this ascription to Bobertson Is not 
made by any other of the authorities, and is 
at least doubtful. The revised text of 1781 
has passed into a few modem hymnals ; st 



HOCHHEILIGE DBEIFALTIGKEIT 527 

L-vL being included in Burgess & Money's 
Pa. * ttyt., 1857, Eng. Presb. Pi. 4- Hyt., 
1867, and the Free Cftun* H. Bk., lf-82. 
Tho following abridged or altered forms have 
also been in use . — 

1. Ye thirsty tenia, approach the spring (st. 1. 
altered). In Belknap's Sacred Poetry, Boston, U.S., 3rd 
ed.,1801, Ko.»8. 

1. Behold, Be eemest year Leader semes (st. v.), 
Twickenham Chapel Oott., 1MB, as for the 3rd 8. titer 
Epiphany. *r 

8. Beek ye the Lord, while _y«t His ear (st. -vil.), 
Eng. Presb. Ft. A Byt., 1W1 ; jfree Ck.B. Bk., im 

A version founded on the 1781, in four 
parts, vix. : — i. " Ho, every one that thirstoth, 
coma" ii. "Thns saith the Lord, 'Incline 
your ear.' " iiL <' Soek ye the Lord, while 
yet His ear." iv. "As rain and mow, on 
earth bestow," is found as No. 55 in Miss Lee- 
son's ParaphraMt and Hymn* for Congrega- 
tional Singing, 1854 [J.M.] 

Hobson, John Philip, h.a^ s. of John 
Hobson, m.a., sometime Consular Chaplain at 
Shanghai, was b. at Shanghai, China, Sept 3, 
1849, and educated at the Biackheath Pro- 
prietary School and Worcester College, 
Oxford (B.A. 1872), On taking Holy Orders 
he became Curate of Greenwich, 1873, and 
Vicar of Stansteod Abbotts, Herts, 1678. 
Mr. Hobson has pub. : — 

(1) Sana in t\e\I.ife <^ David: a Service If Sana, 
1871 ; (a) Scripture A*«t in our Otoitft'i t'ottoeu, 
isai i (3) Twenty ^mnt . ■ . with Tuna ; and others, 

Mr, Hobson's hymns in C. U. are : — 
1, Hall, Ben ef Kan I Bail, mbrhty lord. Ateauim, 
Written for and 1st pub. In bis Scripture EcKoa, tc, 
1881; In the Twenty Byt. and lbs Vhivenal B.Bk^ 

less. 

I. It is an naknowa way. New Tear. Written in 
18TT, end pub. in the Tmtnty Bgt. and the 0Wt*r»oi 
B. Bk., IBS*. 

S. Lord, the bishop of ear souls. Alter Dagt. 
Written for a special Ember service held at Were, 181% 
and pnb. In the IVienty JSTyi. and the Univertat B. Bk., 
last.; 



4. Savtonr Stvfau, Tbea art my Xfow. Ann, tte 
Sing. Suggested by Miss Havereal's " fly King,' 1 bo. 
Written lnlsTB, and 1st printed m the tiretide Maga- 
•inc. ISIS, and again in the Tmenty By*., ke. It Is the 
best known of the antbor*e hymns. 

I. We thank Thee that the tbrkas aoand. Mlttiimt. 
Appeared In lAfe and Work, 1SS4. 

In the Twenty Hymn* (Novello) there are 
others of special merit and worthy of the 
attention of compilers, [J. J.] 

HochheUige Dreifaltigkeit J.Sehef. 
fier. [Trinity Sunday.] Appeared as No. 191 
in Bk. v. of his Hednge SeeUnluet, Breelau, 
1668, p. 618 (Werke, 186% L p. 318>, in 5 st 
of 8 1 It was included, (lightly altered and 
beginning, "HochheUige Dreieinigkert," in 
Freylinghansen's Q. B., 1704, and this form 
was repeated in many later hymn-books, as 
in the Berlin (f. L. 8., ed. 1863, No. SI. It 
is a fine hymn of supplication to the Holy 
Trinity and for the special graces afforded by 
Father, Son, and Holy Spirit IV. as ; — 

1. Moat Ugh and holy Trinity, Then Hod, a fall 
nod excellent tr. by Miss Cm in her Sacred H. 
fromtheOer^ 1841, p. 45. In full and nnaltered 
in Mercer's C. P. f B. Bk, 1855, Ho. 163 (Ox. 
ed., 1864, No. 247% and other collections. 

I. KestbJghaad holy Trinity! Who of. A good 
and complete tr. by Miss Wink worth in her 
Lyra Qer., 1st Ser,, 1855, p. 116, and thence in 
Boardmfin's Selection, Philadelphia, U.S., 1861. 



528 hOchster pbibsteb, dee 

Id her C, B. for England, 1863, Ho, 76, it waj 
altered to the original metre, and this form is 
in the Hew Zealand Hyl, 1870. 

*. Hurh and Holy Trinity, by Dr. B. F. Little- 
dale for the People's B., 1867, No, 185, signed 
"L" This is also a good and fnll version. 

[J. It] 
H&shster Friester, der du dloh. J. 
Schejjler, [Sdf-DedieaiionJ] Appealed as 
No. 176 in Bk. y. of hie SeUige Seelenlutt, 
Breslau, 16*8, p. 593 (Werhe, 1862, i. p. 295), 
in 5 at, of 4 L Included in Freylingbauaen a 
G. B., 1704, and recently as No. 687 in the 
Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1863. Tug hymn is 
founded on Bomans xii. 1, and carries out 
the figure somewhat in detail. To a number 
of the orthodox Lutherans of the 18th cent, 
at! iii., iv., gave great offence, and were 
aconsed of false mysticism, Ac. Tr. as : — 

Great High-Priest, who deigndit to be, a good 
and full tr. by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra 
Qer., 1st Ser., 18SS, p. 32, and her C. B. for 
England, 1663, No, 129. It is repeated in full 
in the Hyl. for St. John's, Aberdeen, 1865-70, 
and the Eoang. Syl., N.Y., 1680 ; and abridged 
in the Harrow School B. Bk., 1 366 ; Eng. Presb. 
Ps. # Hyt., 1867, &c A considerably altered 
version, beginning, " Jeans, who upon the tree," 
in which st. It., v, are condensed ai iT., wss 
included in the American Sabbath H. Bk., 1858, 
and repeated in the Bapt. B. Bk., Philadelphia, 
1871. 

Other trs. are : — 

(1) "Greatest High-priest, Saviour Christ," by J. C. 
JocoW,lla6,p.38(lT3»,p. 130) i repeated In the Mora- 
vian B. Bk., 1TS4, pt. L, So. US. (B) "Grant, roost 
gracious Lamb of Qod," u No. 213 In the Mmvrian 
B. Bit., 1189 (1888, No. SSI). [J. M.] 

Hodenberg, Bodo von, was b. April 3, 
1604. After the conclusion of his university 
studies he entered the service of the Dates 
of Lttnebnrg. He was for some time tutor to 
the sons of Duke Georg, and subsequently 
(1646) chief magistrate and director of the 
mines at Osterrode in the Harz, for the prin- 
cipality of Grubenhagen. He d. Sept. 20, 
1650 {Koch, iii. 239 ; AUg. Deutsche Biog., xii. 
537 ; Bode, p. 91). The only hymn known by 
him is the beautiful 

Tor deuuu Thnm tret iah hiemit, Norninff. 1st 
pub. In the JVew QrdenHich G. B., Hsmwver, 1S4S, No. 
»lf (beginning " Kir defnen Thron "), in IB et, of 4 1., in- 
troduced by tiie wards, " In the morning, st midday, 
vndintheevenlngonecanBtng." IntbeLaneburg67..ff,, 
1888, it is ascribed to Justus Gesenlus, who bed probably 
Altered it somewhat. Included as No. 1131 In the Berlin 
G. L.S.,tA. IMS. The only (r. of this form is "Before 
Thy Throne I now appear," by J. C. J&xXri, If AD, p, 37 
(lMi,p. »0Sj l»S2,p.»l\ .Another fonn le that given 
by Buneen tn bis YtrsacS, 1833, No. 49, in 10 St., be- 
gtoning:— 

loh duke dir nut Ban und Mund, fit. 1. is altered 
from at. xi. ; st. il.-x. are et. ii. T v.-x., adv., xv. The 
only tr. at this form is " With bent, snd mud, sod 
every power," by B, J. Bvtlalt, 1843, p. n. [J, M.J 

Hofel, Joba40n, was b. June 24, 1600, at 
Uffenheim, in Franconia, and studied at the 
Universities of Giessen, Jena, and Straesburg, 
becoming in 1628 Doctor of Law at Jena. 
In 1638 ho settled in Schweinfurt as a con- 
sulting lawyer, and A. there Dec. 8, 1683 
(Wrfiel, i. 435-436, and A. H. ii., 285-291). 
One of his hymns has been tr. into English : — 

siissea Wort da* Jesus staiaht. Crost and OmsoJo- 
tiim. Founded on St. Luke vfi. 13. Included ss No. 4B1 
bt tueCoburg G. B., IMS pjotttagen University library]. 



HOHLPELDT, OHBISTOPH a 

In 11 st. of 4 1., entitled, " The sweet saying of Jens, 
1 Weep not,' Luke vii." According to KoeK, iii. 141. It 
had previously appeared in bis Mutka ehtistiana, 1*34, 
IV. as " Ob, sweetest words that Jesus ooutd ban 
sought," by Mrs. Findlater, fa B. I* L., isw, p. s 
(1884, p. »). rj. M J 

Hoffmann, Gottfried, a. of Caspar 
Hoffmann, brewer at Plagwitz, near LSwen- 
berg, in Silesia, was b. at Plagwitz, Deo. 5, 
1658, After studying at the Unirersity of 
Leipzig (m.a. 1688), he was appointed in 1688 
Co-nrector, and in 1695 Hector of the Gym- 
nnsium at Lauban. In 1708 be became Rector 
of the Gymnasium at Zittau, where he d. after 
a stroke of paralysis, Oct 1, 1712. (Koeh, 
v. 437-442 ; AOg. Deutsche Biog., xii. 591-592.) 
Of his hymns, about 60 in all, written mostly 
for his scholars, only one has passed into 
English, viz. : — 

Zeueh kin, mora Kind. Death o/ a Child. Accord- 
ing to Keck, v. 444, this besutiful hymn was written m 
16S3, on the death of his little daughter Magdalene BH- 
sshethe, was printed in the saute year m her funeral 
sermon on Job i. 21, and Included by Hoffmann in his 
toubatuoRe Ltichtngtsatyi*, 1TM. It is In Schwedler*s 
lAeder Jrbte, Budtssln, 1790, No. 30s, and repeated to 
tb* Berlin ff. L.S.,<d. ises.ln set, of »L ly.as:— 

Depart, mi ehild. A good tr., omlttfug et. [v., by 
MlssBorthwlck,lnff. L.L.. in Ser., ISM, p. it (us*, 
p. as). Repeated In Em.ntdg, la«3, omitflng st. ill.. 
and beglnnnig u Farewell, my cbiVd," Other trj. are : 
(]1"So,((o,niycbild,"by B. Matiii, 1885, p, 139. (a) 
" Qo hence, my child," by Dr. J. Guthrie, 18S8, p. 10*. 

[J. fc] 

Hogg, Javmea, second eon of Eobert 
Hogg, was born in Ettrick Forest, Selkirk- 
shire, January 23, 1772, according to his own 
account, though the baptismal date is Decem- 
ber 9, 1770. Ho ie perhaps best known ss 
the Ettrick Shepherd, und friend of Professor 
John Wilson and Sir Walter Scott He d. 
November 21, 1835, on his farm of Altrive in 
Yarrow. An edition of his PoeUeal Work* 
was published in 1822 in 4 vols. (Edin., A. 
Constoblo) including the beet of his poems — 
Hie Queen's Wake, 1813; The Pilgrtsuof the 
Sun, 1815 ; Mador of the Moor, 1816, &c The 
two hymns by him which have come into use 
are, " Blessed be Thy name for ever," and " O 
Thou that dwellest in the heavens high." A 
complete edition of his prose and verse was 
pub. in 2 vols,, 1865 (Glas., W. G. Blaokie). 

1. Landed be Thy Name ftir ever, l&rnitig. This 
le " The Palmer's Horning Hymn " (In 32 lines), which 
forms a part of Canto It. of bis poem Jrbdor cf tht 
Moor, 1818. It Is sometimes given in this form, but 
more (frequently us " Blessed be Thy Name for ever " <» 
st. of 8 1.), se !n the S. P. C. K. Hy»i*i, IBIS, and others. 
It ts also altered ss " Lord of life, the Guard and Giver," 
ss in Berar, ex. 

I, Thou that dweHeat In the beavans kiak. Jri*. 
night. This wss given,* together with music, as "A 
Csmennrfsn's Midnight Hymn," in S st. of 4 1., tn his 
tale of The Bnrunit of Bedlbtcfc, 1S1B. Although 
found in several coliections lis use is not so great aa 
that of No. 1. [J. M.] 

Hohlfeldt, ChriBtopb. Chriatiatt, was 
b. Aug. 9, 1776, at Dresden. He became, in 
1819, Advocate for the Poor (Armen-Advo- 
eat) at the Court of Appeal at Dresden, and 
d. at Dresden, Aug. 7, 1849 (K. Goedeke*s 
Grundrist, 1862 ff., iii. p. 183). His hymns 
appeared in his EarfestklSnge, Dresden and 
Leipzig, 1823, 1830 and 1836. The only one 
fr. into English is :— 

Terlsss mleh rdeht! du,iu dem ieh neke, iSsp- 
plication. In hie BarfaiJdSnge, 1838, p. 314, in 8 st- 
of 4 1„ entitled "Prayer." Tt. as:— 



HOLD UP THY MIEROB TO 

Vorsaks me net! TZum, nj Lord, 017 light, by 

Mr«. J.P.Komui, JntheCAriiSoB I/«£o»,188S. It & 
a tr. at rt. L, It, v., sod la given as JTo. Its in Laudet 
DomUti, Hew York, ISM. [J. M.] 

Hold up thy mirror to the sua. J. 
Kettle. [S(. Bartftotomew.] In the annotated 
edition of toe Christian Year, this poem is 
dated 1821. It was pub. in that work in 
1827 in IT it of 4 ]., and ib based on St. John 
i. 50. In its full form it is unknown to the 
hymnals. In Kennedy, 1863, No. 300, there 
is ,a cento therefrom, beginning, "Eye of 
God's Word 1 where'er ire turn," composed of 
st. v., vi., xiii., xiv. and it. slightly altered. 
The somewhat peculiar expression, "Bye of 
God's Word ! " is thus explained in a note 
thereto in the Christian Year. It is a quo- 
tation from the Bar. John Miller's Bampton 
Lectures, for 1617, p. 128 :— 

" The position befcie n» Is, that we onTselves, and 
such *b we, are the veiy persons whom Scripture speaks 
o£ and to whom, as men, In every variety of persuasive 
form, It makes Ita condescending though celestial appeal. 
The point worthy of observation la, to.note how a. book 
of the description and the compass which we have re- 
presented Scripture to he, possesses this versatility of 
power ; ihit tgt, like ttot 0/ a portrait, Kntfomli/ 
fixed vpmtu, turn trtere we will. 

The cento ia of more than usual merit as a 
hymn on Holy Scripture, but its use is limited. 

[J. J.] 

Holden, Oliver, one of the pioneers of 
American psalmody, was b. in 1765, and was 
brought up as a carpenter. Subsequently ho 
became a teacher and music-seller. He d. at 
Charleston!], Massachusetts, 1844. His pub. 
works aio American Harmony, 1793 ; the 
Woreetter Collection, 1797; and other Tune 
books. One of his most popular tunes is 
" Coronation." It is thought that he edited 
n small hymn-book, pnb. at Boston before 
1808, in which are 21 of his hymns with the 
signature " H." A single copy only of this 
book is known, and that is without title-page, 
Of his hymns the following are in C. U. :— 

I. All those who seek a throne of cnee. Jaodpre- 
•oit uhtrt prayer it o/e™*0 Was given In Feahody's 
fhringfitld Cotl., 18S6, No. 03; in a recast form as, 
,f They who seek the throne of grace." This form is In 
extensive nse In America, and ia also in a few collec- 
tions hi Q. Britain. 

J. With 



HOLME, THOMAS 



529 



leunavnilt, and hleeduit; heart. [Zett.'i 
This, although one of the best of HoMen'a hymns, has 
passed out of uh. It appeared, with two others, each 
bearing bis signature, to (he Batten Cotlatien (Baptist), 
lefts. 

1. Within these doom ■estaMed now. [fitvint 
Wtnkip.} [F. Jf, B.] 

Holiest, Holiest, hearken In love. 
T. Davis. [Divine Pretence desired.] Ap. 
peared in his fljw. Old and New, 1864, No. 
155, in 4 st of 5 L ; mi again in his Annus 
Banetut, 1877, where it is appointed for 
March 24. It is one of the most popular of 
the author's hymns, and is worthy of more 
extensive use than has yet been made of it. 

[J. J.] 

Holland, John, b. in Sheffield, Mar. 14, 
1794, and d. there, Dec. 28, 1672. During 
his long life he pnb. more than 40 volumes in 

Erose and verse, the most important of which 
ymnologioaily were his Life of Jamet Mont- 
gomery, 1859 (J rots.}, and The FtalmUtt of 
Britain, 1843 (2 vols.), both of which ore 
standard works. Bis earliest pub, poena 



appeared in The Lady'* Itaqatint, 1814, with 
the initials "H." or " J. ft."; and his first 
volume of poetry, Shejjleld Park, in 1820. 
His hymns number several hundreds, and 
date from 1813 to his death in 1672. Four 
of these were contributed to the Jubilee Hynva 
Book of the Sunday School Union, 18 S3. They 
were, however, written so exclusively for local 
Sunday School anniversaries and children's 
services, and contain so many local allusions, 
as to render most of them unsuitable for 
general use. One in the Meth. Free Church 
Sunday S. E. Bh., 1860, " Lord, why oro thus 
our British youth ? " (S, S. Anniversary) is a 
fair example of bis hymn -writing. His Life 
of the Rev. John Buwimerficld, it. a., attained to 
great popularity in America. He assisted 
Montgomery in preparing and publishing the 
letter's Original Bymnt, 1853, and wrote I ho 
introduction to the American edition of the 
same. His Life, by W. Hudson, was pub. in 
1874. [J. J.] 

Holland, Josioh Gilbert, was b. at 

Belchertown, Massachusetts, July 24, 1813. 
He was for some time on the staff of the 
Springfield Republican, and became in 1870 
the editor of Seribner's Magazine. He hns 
written several successful books, and some 
poetical pieces. One of the latter, " For sum- 
mer's bloom, and nutronn's blight" (Praise in 
and through all tkingt), was included, from 
Sitter Saeet, 1858, in the Boston Unitarian 
Hymn [and Tune] JSk. for the Church & Home, 
1868. He d. Oct 12, 1881. [J. JJ 

Holme, James, b.a., a. of T. Holme, 
Orton, Westmorland, was b. in 1801, and 
educated at Cuius College, Cambridgo (n.i. 
1825). Ordained in I8J5, he held encces- 
sivoly_ the Incumbency of Low Harrowgate, 
the Vicarage of Kirkleatham, and the charge 
of Bolton, near Bradford. He d. in 1882. 
He pnb. Leisure Musings and Devotions, to,, 
1835; Mount Grate Abbey, a poem, 1843, 
and with his brother, the Bev. T. Holme 
(q.v.), Hymns & Soared Poetry, Christian Bk. 
Soc, 1861. Fromthis last work, "All things 
are ours, how abundant the treasure " (Praise 
in Sickness), in Snepp's S. of G. * G., 1872, 
is taken. u God my Father, hear me pray " 
(Lent), in tlio Anglican B. Bk., 1868, is attri- 
buted to him, and dated 18G1. It is, how- 
ever, from his Leisure Musings, 1833, p. 117, 
in 4 Bt of 6 1., but it is not in the But. & Sac. 
Poetry. His hymn, "Lord Jesus, Ood of 
grace and love " (H. Communion), is from the 
By*. & Sao. Poetry, 1861. These works era 
worthy of the attention of compiler! of chil- 
dren's hymn-books: [J, J.] 

Holme, Thomas, brother of the above, 
was b. Aug. 8, 1793, and educated at Appleby 
Grammar Sohool. Taking Holy Orders in 
1817, he was for twenty years Head Master of 
Kirby Bavensworth Grammar School. Sub- 
sequently he was Vicar of BaBt Cowton, 
Yorkshire, where ho A. Jan. 20, 1872. From 
Bymns & Sacred Poetry, 1861 (the joint work 
of himself and his brother James), the fol- 
lowing hymns ore taken : — 

1. Behold the lilies of the field, How gracefully, toe, 
Rovtcr Service. 
3. Lord, In mine agony of pain. Bttifnatien, 



530 HOLMES, ELIZABETH 

a. Tho Christian's path ahlnos more and more. Growth 
in ftoKnat. Tbia hymn previously appeared in ■ local 
collection about 1850. [J. J,] 

Holmes, Elizabeth. [B««t, BUwbrth.] 

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, m.d., ll.d., 
b. of tho Rev. Abiel Holmes, D.D., of Cam- 
bridge, U.S.A., was b. at Cambridge, Aug. 29, 
1809, and educated at Harvard, where he 
graduated in 1829. After practising for some 
time in Boston, he was elected in 1817 to the 
chair of Anatomy, in Harvard. His writings 
in prose and verse are well known and -widely 
circulated. They excel in humour and pathos. 
Although not strictly speaking a hymn-writer, 
a few of bis hymns ore in extensive use, and 
include ; — 

1. Father of mercies, heavenly Friend. Prayer 
durin;] oar. 

9. Lord of all being, throned afar, Qcd*S Om- 
nipresence, This is a hymn of great merit. It 
is dated 1S48. 

3. O Lont of hosts, Almighty King. Soldiers' 
Hymn. Dated 1861. 

4. Lots (thine that etoou'et to ehare* Trust, 
1859. 

Of these Nos. 2 and 4 aro in his Professor at the 
Breakfast Table, and are in C.U. in G. Britain, 
in Martinoau's Hymns, 1873, and others. In 
188G the D.c.i,. degree was conferred upon 
Professor Holmes by the University of Oxford. 
He was a membor of the Unitarian body. He 
d. Oct 7, 1894, [P. M B.] 

Holty, Ludwig Heinrich Christoph, 
s. of P. E. Holty, pastor at Mariensee on the 
Lcino, nenr Hannover, was b. at Mariensee, 
Deo. 21, 1748. Ho entered the University of 
Gottingen, 1769; completed bis eonrse, Easter, 
1772; and became a Candidate of Theology, 
jut never obtained a charge. He d. at Han- 
nover, Sept. 1, 1776. His complete Gediehte, 
edited by his friend J. H. Toss, were pub. at 
Hamburg, 1783 (2nd cd. 180 1> The only 
piece which can be called a hymn and has 
been tr. into English is : — 

TTeV immer Trim und Rodliohkeit. Conduct of Life. 
lit pub. in 3. H. Voaa'a Jfuscnatmanach, Hamburg, 
Uie.p. m, in Set. of * 1„ entitled "Tho old country- 
man to bis son." Included in theOldenburg G. R.,\l$\, 
Mo. 480. The Iri, oro. (1) " Let truth and spotless faith 
be thine," In the fforpo/ £ww, ed. by Basil Woodd, 1393, 

S. 101 j (X) " With honest heart go on your way," in 
. Ddweon^i Ft. * ff)s., IBM, Ho. m. [J. jjj 

Holy and reverend la [His] the 
Name. J. Nc-edUam. [HoUnett of God.] 
In 1768 J. Needham pub. in his Bys. Devo- 
tional and Moral, No. 25, in 8 st of 4 1., 
a hymn beginning as above. This waB in 
C. V. for many years. In 1853 George Ravi- 
son rewrote st. i., iii., and viii., and added 
another (ii.), thus forming a hymn of 4 st 
This was given in the Bap. Ps. AS Hy$. r 1858, 
and has passed into several collections, 
especially in America. In some collections it 
reads "Holy and reverend is His name." The 
ascription of the cento is J. Needham, 1768; 
O. Bawson, 1853. [J. J.] 

Holy Bible, book Divine. J. Barton, 

ten. [Holy Scripture.'] This popular hymn 
first appeared in the author's Youth's Monitor 
in Verso, &c, 1803, and again in the Evan- 
gelical Magazine, June, 1805, in 4 st, of 4 1., 
where it is signed, u Nottingham— -J. B," 



HOLY, HOLT, HOLT LOBD 

In 1806 it was also given as No. 1 of pt ii. of 
the author's Hyt. for Sunday SehooU; or. 
Incentives to Early Piety. As it is frequently 
altered in modern collections we add the 
original text 

" Holy Bible, book Divine, 

Precious treasure* thou art mine ; 

Mine to tell me whence I came, 

Mine to teach me what 1 am. 
" Mine to obHe me when 1 rove, 

Mine to shew a Saviour's love ; 

Mine art thou to guide my feet. 

Mine to Judge, condemn, acquit. 
" Mine to comfort In distress, 

U the Holy Spirit Mess; 

Mine to sbewny living faith 

Man can triumph over death. 
'* Mine to tell of ioya to come. 

And the rebel eluncr'e doom j 

Hob/ BiUe. book Divine, 

Precious treasure, thou art mine." 

This hymn has gradually grown into favour, 
and now it is in C. V. in most English' 
speaking countries. [J. J.] 

Holy Ghost, come down upon Thy 
children. F. W. Faber. [Whitsuntide.] 
Appeared in his Oratory Hymns, 1854, aud 
again in his Spans, 1862, in 6 st. of 4 L, the 
opening standi beiug repeated as a chorus. 
The metro is most awkward and unmusical, 
and fully justifies the alterations made in the 
Altar Hymnal, 1884, where it is rewritten in 
8.7.8.7. metre, beginning "Holy Ghost, 
come down upon us. [J. J.] 

Holy Ghost, Thou source of light. 

[Whitsuntide.] Appeared anonymously in 
the Andover Sabbath H. Bit., 1858, No. 458, 
in 4 at. of 4 1., and subsequently in Severn] 
other collections. In tho Sapt. Praise Bit., 
N. T., 1871, it is altered to "Holy Spirit, 
Source of Light." [J. J.] 

Holy Ghost, Whose fire celestial 

[Whitsunday.] Appeared In Hawtrey's Coll. 
1815, and again In Miss Anber's Spirit of the 
Ptalms, 1829, where it was given with a few 
"Hymns for tho Principal Festivals, 1 * p. 149, 
in 2 st of 8 1. In Snepp's Songs of O. <fc 
Q., 1870-72, No. 851, it is attributed to T. CoU 
tenU in error. [J. J.] 

Holy, holy, holy Lord, Ever be Thy 
Name adored. [Praise.] This i'b a curious 
cento, in Kennedy, 1863, from two hymns by 
C. Wesley, in Hymns & Sacred Poems, 1739, 
the first of which is "Lord and God of 
heavenly powers," on the words from tho 
Office for Holy Communion, and the second, 
"Glory be to God on high" (q.v.), on the 
Thanksgiving in tbo same office. The lines 
token from these hymns are with slight 
alterations as follows ; st L, ii., 1L 1-4, iii, 
U, 5-8, the rest of the cento being by Dr. 
Kennedy, [J, J.] 

Holy, holy, holy Lord God Al- 
mighty. Bp. B. Heber. [Holy Trinity.] 1st 
pub. in his posthumous Hymns, &c, 1827, 
p. 84, in 4 st of 4 1., and appointed for Trinity 
Sunday. It was soon adopted by hymn-book 
compilers, and is the best known and most 
widely used of the author's hymns. It is a 
splendid metrical paraphrase of Eev. iv. 8-11. 
Line 2 of st. i., " Early in the morning our 
song shall rise to Thee," has been subjected to 



HOLT, HOLY, HOLT LOBD 

several changes to adapt the hymn to any 
hour of tbo day. Some of these alterations 
aro: — 

1. " QrabifiiUgafoTingiHaKmG," bo, 1/fAtH, fife., 
1S5S. 
3. " JftmttBj and roenitv our sons," to. JCetmed*, 

1863. 

3. ".BMib*oly,Aoty,ourBong,''&c. ^snutry, ISM. 

4. " Morning, won, and n&S, our song," be. 

The most popular change is the first of 
these. The majority of hymn-books, however, 
retain tho original reading. Although a 
special hymn foe Trinity Sunday, it is some- 
times appointed as a morning hymn, as in the 
a P. O.K. Church Hys., 1871. [J. J.] 

Holy, holy, holy Lord, God of 
Hosts t When heaven, and earth. 
James Montgomery, [Holy Trinity,! Written 
Sept. 10, 1832 (it. mss.), and included in tho 
Cong. H, Bk., 1836, No, 63, in S st. of 8 1. ; 
tho Leed* H. Bk., 1853, No. 442 ; the author's 
Original Hymns, 1853, No. t ; and numerous 
collections in most English-speaking countries, 
and usually without alteration. In Bpurgoon's 
O. 0. H. Bk., 1806, st it, iii. arc given as 
"Holy, holy, holy Thee," and appointed as a 
doxology. [J. J.] 

Holy Jeans, in Whose [Thy] Name. 
Bp, -B. Maut. [Prayer in the Name of Jesus.} 
Appeared as one of his original hymns ap- 
pended to his Ancient Hymns, fto., 1837, p. 
109, in 5 st. of 6 1., as a " Hymn commemora- 
tiro of Prayer in, and to Christ" (ed. 1871, 

S. 183}. It is sometimes given as "Holy 
csus, in Thy Name." In the Cooke ft Denton 
Hymnal, 1853, st, ii. ie omitted, several altera- 
tions aro made, and a doxology by the editors 
is added. This form, with further changes, is 
repeated in Kennedy, 1863. [J. J.j 

Holy Jesus, mighty Lord, Bp. O. 
Wordttevrih of Lincoln. [Holy Innocent*.] 
1st pnb. in his Holy Tear, 1862, No. 11, in 

5 st of 8 1. It is in 0. IT., but usually in an 
abbreviated form. The hymn " At Thy birth, 
Incarnate Lord," in the Sanaa Hyl., 1868, 
tlioS. P. C.K. Church Hye., 1871,andothere, 
is a cento beginning with st, iii. of this 
hymn. Some six lines are from this hymn, 
end tho rest aro by Earl Nelson, by wham the 
cento was arranged. [J. J.] 

Holy Jesus, Savlocr blest. Bp, B, 
ManL [Jesus the Way, Truth, & Idfe.] 1st 
pub. in nis Ancient Hymns, &c, as one of the 
originals appended thereto, 1837, p. 134, in 

6 sit. of four 1., and headed, " Hymn comme- 
morative of * Tho Way, tho Trnth, and tho 
Life'" (od. 1871, p. 225> It is altered in 
several instances, as in tho Cooke and Benton 
Hymnal, 1853 : tho Appendix to the H. Noted, 
18<52, M Holy Jesus, Saviour Wsw'd." [J. J.] 

Holy offerings, rich and rare [Lord 
we bear]. J. S. B. MbnteU, [Qgertory:} 
Written for the Offertory at the opening of 
St. Mary Hogdaleno Church, Poddington, 
1867, and 1st printed for use on that occa- 
sion. It vrss inoluded in 1873 in tho nntlior's 
Parish Hymnal, No. 201, having previously 
appeared in tho 1869 Appx. to the 8. P. C. K. 
Fs. <6 ITyn. It is also in Church Hymns, 
1871, Thring's Coll., 1882, and many others. 
It is ia 10 st, of 8 1., and is usually divided 



HOMBUBG, ERNST C. 531 

into pnrls, and in several instances ft is also 
abbreviated. " Holy offerings, Lord, we bear," 
in Brown-Borthwink's Select Hymn* for Church 
and Home, 1871, is an altered form of this 
hymn. [J. J.] 

Holy Spirit, Lord of glory. B. H. 
Baynes. [Confirmation.! Printed in tho 
Churchmaifi Shilling Magazine, May, 18G8 ; 
and again in the author's Autumn Memories 
& Other Verm, 1869, in 5 st of 6 ], In 1871 
it was included with slight alterations in the 
S. P. C. K. Church Hys., and again in otlirr 
hymnals. [J. J.] 

Homburg, Ernst Cbxistoph, was b. in 
1G05, at Milils, near Eisenach. He practised 
at Naumburg, in Saxony, as Qlerfc of the 
Assizes and Counsellor. In 1618 ho was ad- 
milled a member of the Froitbeurinjj Society, 
and afterwards becamo a member of the Elbe 
Swan Order founded by Eiat in 1660, He d. 
at Naumburg, Juno 2, 1681. (Koch, iii. 388, 
892; Allg. Deutsche Biog.,xiii. 4$, U.) 

By his contemporarta* Hooburg woa warded as « 
port of tho first rank. His earlier poema, ISSS-ISSS, 
were secular, including many love end drinking songs. 
Domestic troubles arising ft™ the Illnesses of himself 
and of hfc wife, and other afflictions, led Iriro to seek tbe 
Lord, ami tlie deliverances be espcrtenced ft™ petit- 
ionee and ftom violence Jed him to place all bis con- 
fidence on God. Tbe collected edition of hia hymns 
appeared in tico parta at Jena and Naumburg, less, 

Et. 1. is Mb Geittli&er Lit&tr, ErUtr Huit, with IN 
yrona [enslaved title, Nsnroburg, lass] ; and pt. It. aa 
tbe Ander Hicil iritb SO hymns. In the prefbeo he 
Fpuks of them as his " Sunday labours," and aaye, " I 
Ytas specially induced and compelled " to their composi- 
tion " by tbo anxious end sore domestic afflictions by 
which ddd ..... baa for some time laid me aside. 
They are distinguished fbr almpltcily. firm faith, and 
liveliness, but often tack poetic vigour and aro too 



Two of his hymns have passed into Eng. 
lish, viz. : — 

i. Ash wunasTgRMsar Sieges-SMU. Ascension, 
1659, pt. i. p. 400, in 6 st, of 11 J„ entitled, 
"On the Ascension of Jesus Christ." In the 
Berlin 0, L. 3, ed. 1663, No. 337. 

The tri.sn ; O) " wondrcnia Conqneror and Oreet,' 1 
by Mies BurltngbtM, In the BritUh Bemld, Oct. lees. 
p. Its, and BekTa Pratt Bk., ISM, No. 440. 



glerioua SaTlour, oonqneruig Kbt^," by N, L. 
hgsam, is>e,p.a)J. 






ii, JetnmeinsaUbenBLelMn. Pastiontidv. 1659, 
pL i. p. S18, in 8 st. of 8 ]., entitled, " Hymn of 
Thanksgiving to bis Kedeemcr and Saviour for 
His bitter .Sufferings." This ia hia most popular 
hymn, and has passed into many recent collec- 
tions, including the Berlin G, L. 3., ed. 1863. 
2h as:— 

1, Jesu 1 life 1 tie life of heaven! TV, of at. i,, 
ii., vL-viii., by A. T. Russell, for his Ps, 4 Ilys,, 
1851, No. 88. 

S. Of my lib the Life, Jeans. A good tr. of 
st. L, it., v., vii., viii., contributed by It. Massio 
to the 1857 ed. of Mercer's C, P. p? B. Bk, 
No. 404 (Ox. ed. 1864, No. 185), repeated in 
the Metb. N. Conn. H. Bit., 1863. 

J. Christ tbe Life of (II the lMnf. A good tr. 
of st. i., ii., v., vti., viii., by Miss Winkworth, in 
her C. B.for EuQtend, 1863, No, 49, Eepented 
in full in Dr. Thomas's Augustine H. Bk., 1866, 
and tho Ohio Lath. Hyl., 1880 ; find Abridged in 
the Pennsylvania Lnth. Ch. Bi^ 1868, the Hym- 
nary, 1872, and others. 

4. Thou eternal life bestowest. Tr. of st. i.-iiiv, 
viii., by Miss Borthwick, contributed to Dr. 



632 HOMO DEI CBEATUBA 

Paeemtecher's Call,, 1864, No. 73, find repeated 
in //. L. L., ed. 1884, p. 257. 

Other to. on! (l) "Jesn, Source of my Salvation," 
by .r. C. Jonobi, 17M, p. 39, repeated In the Moravian 
S. Bib., 11** 0*8*. No. «). (3) "JesusI Source of 
lite eternal," l>y Miss Burllrigham, In the drift's* Kerald, 
Aug. 1*6*, p. ISO, and Kckft ;Froi« it., 1812, No, 3B», 
(3) "Jesus, of my life the living," by JT. £. *yo(Mttj- 
anai, IB Jo, p. 1»9. [J. M.] 

Homo Dei oreatura. [Judgment to 
come-l This poem is a picture of the woes 
of tho lost, and an exhortation to timely re- 
pentance. Mone, I pp. 419-421, gives 115 
lines (with various breaks) from a Meichenau 
jw. of the 14th cent., and conjectures that it 
was written in Italy in the lime of Dante. 
Daniel, it. p. 250, repeats ATone's text and moat 
of liis notes; and at v., p. 382, ascribes it to 
Dionjaius the Carthusian (b. at Eickel in the 
diocese of Liege, became a Carthusian Monk 
at Roermond, or Ruremonde on the Maas, 
1424, and d.there,March 12, 1471), InJ.M. 
Herat's Paradiewt Animae Ghriitianae, Co- 
logne, 1630, the text which has passed into 
English is given at p. 206 (sect lit.), en- 
titled, "D. Dominiei Garthuslani exhortatio 
ad poeuitentfam," and in 168 lines. Up 
to Jbobb'b 1. 72, the texts nearly agree; but 
the rest of Mom'* toxt continues in tho same 
gloomy strain, whereas in Horat's text the 
Btrain speedily changes to relate the bliss 
of the saints, and then ends by the wnrning 
to repentauce. It has been (r, by E. Caawalt 
in his Masque of Mary, &c„ 1858, in 21 at. of 
10 1., as "Creature of God, immortal man'' 
(Hymnt, &c., 1873, p. 208); and by I. Wil- 
liams in his Thoughts in Poet Yean, 1838, 
ns ■' Mortal, who art God's creation." [J. ST.] 

Hood, Edwin Paxton, was b. in Half- 
moon Street, London, Oct. 24, 1820. He was 
self-educated. In 1852 ho became the Inde- 
pendent Minister at Kibley, Gloucestershire, 
where lie remained until 1857, when he 
removed to Offord Road, London. He hold 
several charges (Brighton, Manchester, &o.), 
the last being Faloon Square, London. He 
d. in Paris, June 12, 1885. 

Mr. Hood was a striking and suggestive preacher, 
andoneof the moatvolumlnous writers of the age. Hie 
published -worka, including The Age and its Architect*, 
1BS2; JOqoofitioft o/ Sweaenborff, 1854 1 Lampt of the 
Ibntptc, IBM \ Thtmat Carlyle, 181s ; Oliver Cromwell, 
1861, ex., ere too numerous to give fu detail. He hIbo 
edited (and fie the chief contributor to) The Eclectic 
EtvUv) for S yean, and The Prtacher't Lantern for 3 
years. 

As a hymn-writer he is best known as the 
author of hymns for children. These hymns 
have a freshness and simplicity which are 
attractive to children. Some of the best and 
most popular were written for Sunday School 
Anniversaries at Kibley, 1852-7. He also 
edited:— 

(1) Our /frm« Book (a similar title, but a distinct 
work from Mr. Spurgeon's Collection). This was pub, 
specially fur toe use of bis own congregations, and was 
enlarged from time to time, 1st ed. Brighton, 1862, en- 
larged 1868, 18T9, and IBIS. The last ed. contains 41 of 
hie bymns, (2) Jht Children'* Choir, 1810. 

His hymns in C. U. outside of his own 
collection s are : — 

1. Angel of God, thy wing* expanded. Mitiiom. 
In his O, H. Bk., 1842. 

t. Bildt of the Lamb, aweet spices bring, Batter. 
In bis O. B. Bk., ISM. 

3, Xarth in heMty soules again. Summer (1B5S-51). 

4. God, Who hath made tie dajaita, Eariv Pittv 
(1SM-M). ' 



HOPKINB, JOSIAH 

E. Heart-broken and weary, where'er Hum may 1 tt be, 
Parties Invitation. 1st pub, at tho end of the first 
sermon in his Dark Sayinge on a Harp, 18*6, and tbon 
in bis Out Jf. fifc, 1818. 

6, I hear a aweet voim rinjin*; clear, Diohte Pro- 
tection (188S). 

7. I lave to think, thoofh I am young*. Jam the 
ifofj Child. 

S. Tens, Saviour, we are young. Chili't Praytr 
for Guidance (185S-61V 

9. Rest remainoth, O how aweet, Heaven oar Sat. 
In bis 0. H. Bk., 18M. A pathetic bymn sung at bis 
funeral. 

10. Saviour and Hatter, these saving* of Thine, The 
Sand and rAe Reck. Written at the Portlaud Break- 
water, in the winter of 1858-59, and Ut pub. in bis 
first volume of Scrntoni, 1860, at the close of that on 
" The Sand and the Hock." He ears, " I walked the 
other day over tho Great Breakwater at Portland, and 
there, wbilst the rain descended and tbo floods came I 
thought and wrote out these verses." The byura is in 
hie our B. Bk., lsl», Herder's Cong. Hal., IH&i. *c. 
Khaaaiso been printed on a fly-leaf for use In IVwtland 
Prison. 

U, Bine; a hymn to Jeans when the heart ia feint 
Oontecratittn o/ Self to Jem. Suggested by a tune 
heard at Vespers in Fontainbleiu Church, and 1st pub. 
in Byt Path Meadow, 1870, and again In Our B. Bk., 
1819. 

11. Sweat haUelnjahs I Tha bird* and the Uosssms. 
raiinerjol Praiie. Written for tue 3. S. Anniversary, 
Offord Road Chapel, I860, and pub. in Our B. Bk. 

18, Teaeh me, O Lord, where'er I move. God?i 
Pretence daired. (1852-5?.) 

11, There is a ward I fain would speak, Kedtmp. 
tion. Written for 3. 8. Anniversary at Offord Road 
Chapel, 1858, and pub. In Our B. Bk., ISM. 

15, There's a beautifal land whote the rains never 
beat. Beaven. (I852-5T.) In his OiiMren'i Choir, 
1810, *e. 

16, TJnteM the Lord the city keep. God the Pmter't 
Strength. Written at the request of the Deacons of 
Olford .Road Chapel, for the Recognition 3ervke of the 
Rev. J. C. Jones. In bis O. B. Bk., No, 31T, 

17, We love the gsod old Bible. Boly Scripture. 
[1SS1-5Y.) Given in several collections. 

The most popular of these hymns arc 
Nos. i and 7. Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 16. 17 
ore from the Children's Choir, 1870. These 
are in numerous collections. [W. G. H.] 

Hook, Walter Farquhar, d.d., & of 
Dr. Hook, sometimo Dean of Worcester, was 
b. in London, Mar. 13, 1798, and educated at 
Winchester, and Christ Church, Oxford (b.a. 
1820, n.u. 1837). Taking Holy Orders in 1820, 
he was successively Vicar of Holy Trinity, 
Coventry; Vicar of Leeds, 1837-59 ; Dean of 
Chichester, 1859; Chaplain in Ordinary to 
the Queen, &o. He d. at Chichester Oct 20, 
1875. He was the author of numerous Ser- 
mons, Pamphlets, Tracts, &c, but ia most 
widely known through his Church Dictitmary, 
and his Zrt'ees of the jircnotiAops- In 1846 he 
edited — 

Yeraetfor Bt&y Seasmt, toiih quotient for Examina- 
tion, hj c. F. B., Lend., IMS. 
This was a volume of verses by Cecil Frances 
Humphreys, afterwards Ceoil P. Alexander 
(q,v,)t He also pub. : — 

A Cftwt* School Hymn-book. Mittd fty Walfar Far- 
guftar Book, D.D., Leeds, I860. 

In this collection all the hymns were given 
anonymously. Hence has arisen the error 
of Attributing some of them to the editor. 
Dr. Hook was not a writer of hymns, [J. J,] 

Hooper, Emma, fWhltBeld, Emma.] 

Hooper, Diary Pawler. [Xaude, x. r,] 

Hopkins, John. [Old Version, § DC. 2, x.] 
Hopkins, John Henry. [Varioua.] 

Hopkins, Josiah, v.v., was b. at Pitts* 
ford, Vermont, AprU 18, 1786. From 1809 tg 



HOPPEB, EDWABD 

1830 he wtia pastor of a Congregational 
Church, at New Haven, Vermont ; and from 
1830 to 1848 of the First Presbyterian Church, 
Auburn, N. York. Ha died at Geneva, New 
York, July 27, 1862. He was the editor of 
Conference Hymnt, Auburn, 1846, and con- 
tributed hymns to the Christian Lyre, N. Y., 
1830, From the latter work his hymns iu 
C. U. are taken : — 

turn ye, O turn ye, for wby -nrlll ye die. Bvpot- 



%. Wily Bleep we, my brethren. Jb&utvlation. 

[F. M. B.] 

Hopper, Edward, d.d., was b. in 1818, 
and graduated at Union Theological Semi- 
nary, New York, 1612. He is pastor of the 
Church of Sea and Land, N. Y, He is the 
author of 

1. Jesus, Saviour, pilot me [nsj. Jetttt tht Piint, 

a. Theypr^thel^whopMyandwatoli. Watdung 
* Prmtr. 

3. Wrecked end struggling In mid-ocean. WS-eofc A 
Retatt. 

Qt these No. 1 appeared in the Baptitt 
Praite Bk„ 1871, and 2 & 3 in Syt. & Songt 
of Praise, N. Y., 1874. [J. J.] 

Hopps, John Page, was b. in London, 
Nov. 6, 1834, and educated at the G. Baptist 
College, Leicester. Commencing public work 
in 1856, after a brief ministry at Hugglesoote 
and Ibstook, in Leicestershire, he became 
colleague with George Dawson at the Church 
of the Saviour, Birmingliom. From 18C0 to 
1876 lie ministered to Unitarian congregations 
at Sheffield, Dukinfield, and Glasgow. 
Binoo 1876 he has preached in Leicester, 
Mr, Hopps has published many books and 
pamphlets, chiefly volumes of Sermons and 
Lectures. Host of his smaller works are con- 
troversial. In 1863 he commenced a monthly 
periodical called The Trutkteeker, which he 
still edits. He has compiled the following 
hymn-books for Congregational, Mission^ or 
School purposes : — 



(1) Hymnt for PaMic WmMp and the Want, IBM j 
(S) Bmat of FUUK and Fngrtu, e. is«S ; (3) Bynuu 
for PuSKc Warthif, 18)3 j (*) V* htndrtd BjfKww/w 
Sunday Sc\ooU. 18)3 ; (6) flyntu, Chantt and An- 
ttsmt for Public Wbrsfofr IBM ; («) Tke CftiWnsi'i 
Hum* Book, l«)»i (I) Ifte Young Ptoptet Bookef 
/tyrant, IHSi ; (8) sod fit* different editions of Ifymnt 
for Axctttl fltrmwi (fur Sunday afternoon and evening 
In the Temperance Hall end Floral Bull, 



gatherings 
Leicester). 



Mr, Hopps has himself written various 
hymna, some of considerable merit. Several 
have appeared in Congregational, Baptist, 
Unitarian and other collections. Among the 
best known are the following : — 

1. Cold end cheerless, dark and drear. Winter. 

4. Father, lend me day by day. CkOtft Prayer for 
Zttvine guidance. 

3. Father, let Thy kingdom come. Cod*t Kingdom 
desired. 

4. God bless the little children. Prayer for ChUdrtn. 
6. We praise Thee oft for boors of bliss. Hit blu- 
eing* qf Sorrow. 

These hymns are from his Hy»., ChanU, 
and Anthems, Ac., 1877, and tlte By>. for 
Special Services. The moat popular is No. 2. 

[W. P.. S.] 

Hora noviasima, tampora peaaima 
Aunt, vigUemiis. Bernard of Clttny. [The 
Heavenly Jerusalem.] This magnificent poem, 
evidently inspired by tho Inst two chapters 
of tlie Kevulation of St. John, was composed 
in the Abbey of Cluny, about 114$, and ex- 



HOBA NOVISSIMA, TEatPOBA 633 

tends to about 3000 lines. It is found in a 
13th cent. mb. in the Bodleian (Digby 65, f, 42). 
i. Publication. It was included by Flacius 
Blyricns, in his Porto poemato de eorrupto 
Mecheiae statu, Basel, 1556. Myricus was an 
ardent and euthusiastia Beformer; and as the 
greater part of the poem " is a bitter satire on 
the fearful corruptions of the age," it answered 
his purpose to use it in this manner. It was 
subsequently reprinted at Bremen, 1597 ; at 
Rostock, 1610; at Leipzig, 1626; at LUne- 
burg, 1640; in Wachler's Neu> Theological 
Annals, December, 1820; and in Hohnikcfr 
Studiem 1824. In Trench's Sae. Latin Poetry, 
1849, 96 lines were given, beginning with 
« Hie breve vivitur" (from which Dr. scale's 
first translation was made) ; and iu Dr, Neale's 
Rhythm of Bernard deMorlaiz, Monk of Cltitiy, 
on the Celestial Country, 1658, there arc 218 
lines. In Daniel, ii. 380 ; Battler, No. 139 ; 
KSnigsfeld, ii. 262 ; Simrock, p. 286, there ate 
also extracts from the poem. The original is 
dedicated to Peter the Venerable, the General 
of the Order to which St. Bernard belonged, 
and is entitled, " De contemptu mundi." (Dr. 
Sehaff, in Ms Lib. of Beligiaw Poetry, 1883, 
p. 981, says this poem was printed in Paris in 
1483. We have not seen this edition.) 

ii. Design and Execution, Bernard states 
his argument thus: — 

" The subject of the author is the Advent of Christ to 
Judgment : the Joys of tbe Saints, the paina of the re- 
probate. His intention, to persuade to tbe contempt of 
the world. The use, to despise tbe things of the world : 
to auk tbe things which be Qod'B. He fortifies hie ex- 
ordium with the authority of the Apostle John, saying, 
' Utile children, it is the last time ' ; where be endea- 
vours to secure aforeband the favour of his renders, by 
setting tbe words of tbe Apostle before his own. At 
tbe commencement he treatsof tbe Advent of tbe Judge, 
to render them In earnest, and by tbe description of 
celestial Joy, he makes them docile. ' (Neale's jOeallm, 
fcc., ProiaceO 

The execution of the poem, written as it 
was in " a rhythm of intense difficulty," was 
attained, as the author believed, through 
special divine grace and inspiration. His 
words in his dedicatory epistle are: — 

" Often and of long time 1 had heard the Bridegroom, 
but bad not llateueS to Hun, Baying— ' Thy voice is 
pleasant in Mine ears. 4 And again tbe Beloved cried 
out, ' Open to Me, My sister.' What then P 1 arose, 
that I might open to my Beloved. And I said, *Lofd,to 
the end that my heart may think, that toy pen may 
write, and that my mouth may set forth Thy pniee, 
pour both into my heart and pen and mouth Thy grace.' 
And the Lord a&M, 'Open thy mouth.' Which lie 
straightway filled with too spirit of wisdom and under- 
standing; that by one I might speak truly, by tbe 
other perspicuously. And I ssy ft In nowise arrogantly, 
but with all humility, and therefore boldly : that unless 
that Spirit of Wisdom and Undewtandlnghsd been with 
me, and flowed In upon so difficult s metre, 1 could not 
have composed so long a work. For that kind of metre, 
continuous dactylic (except the final trochee or spondee), 
preserving also, as It does, the Leonine sonorousness, 
had almost, not to say altogether, grown obsolete through 
its difficulty. For HSldebert of Lsverdin. who from Ida 
immense lesrniiu? was first raised to the Episcopate sod 
to the Metropolitan dignity; and YTiicbard, Canon of 
Lyons, excellent versifiers, bow little they wrote In tbla 
metre, ismaulfost to all." (Neale's .BayfAsi, &c., Pre- 
face.) 

The poem is written in dactylic hexameters, 
with the leonine (sometimes a trisyllable or 
dactylic), and tailed rhyme, each fine being 
broken up into three parts thus ; — 

Hiiro DoviBsina || tempora pessiino |j aunt : vigitnnui 1 
Emmlnet arotter l| llle auprenvr.' 



Kocc minactto' (| 
lmminot, f miatm 
Eecta remuneref II aula li&erej || aetuera 



lmminot, f miatitrf |l ut mala teiwifflet || aequa coronet 
~ " liontt," 



534 HOBA NOVtSSIMA, TEMPOBA 

ill Meriit. The two great authorities on 
this matter are Archbishop Trench and Dr. 
Nettle. Beferring to the numerous editions 
of the poem, the farmer says: — 

"This is not wonderful j for no one with s sense for 
the true passion of poetry, even when It msnifeste itself 
informative least to We liking. wUl deny the treats ol 
a real inspiration to the author of these dactylic hexa- 
meters." ($x. Jul. i^xtry, ed. 1BW, p. 31(1.5 

Archbishop Trench, whilst thus highly 
commending the poems, condemns the metre, 
and points out " its want of progress " : — 

" The poet, instead of advancing, eddies round and 
round his subject, reclining again and again to that 
wbteh he seemed to have thoroughly treated and dis- 
missed." (JKil. p. 311.) 
In a note on his lines 15-58, lie also says :— 
" In these lines [' Urbs Syon aurea *] the reader will 
recognise the original of that lovely bynni, w&leh within 
the last lew yean has been added to those already pos- 
sessed by the Church. A new hymn which has won 
such a place in the affections of Christum people aa has 
' Jerusalem the golden,' 1b so priceless an acquisition 
that I must needs rejoice to have heen the first to recall 
from oblivion the poem which yielded it." (/bid. p. 
314.) 

Dr. Neale says concerning the poem as a 
whole, and specially of that portion which he 
has translated : — 

" The greater part is a hitter satire on the fearful 
corruptions of the age. But as a contrast to the misery 
and pollution of earth, the peem opens with a descrip- 
tion of the peace and glory of heaven, of auch rare 
beauty, as not easily to be matched by any mediaeval 
composition on the same subject." (Med. Hyt,, 3rd ed., 
p. 63.) 

ir. Translation. The first to translate any 
portion of the poem into English was Dr. 
Ncalo, and no translation bnt Ms is in C. U. 
at the present time. His first tr. was of tho 96 
lined in Trench's Boo. Lot. Poetry, beginning 
with " Hie breve vivitur" ("Brief life is here 
our portion "). This was pub. in his Mediaeval 
Hymns, 1851, p. 53. In 1858 he pub. The 
Rhythm of Bernard de Morlaix, Monk of 
Cluny, on the Celestial Country, in which he 
gave 218 lines from the original, beginning 
with the first (" Hbra novissima"), a tr. of tho 
same, and an interesting Preface. The tr, 
and the Preface (slightly altered) wore re- 
peated in the 2nd ed. of his Mediaeval Hymns, 
1863. From one or tho other of these two 
works the centos following have been taken : — 

1, Hon no vi ssi m a, tempore, peaalma sunt, viglle- 
mn»=The world is very evil, Tliis is the opening 
of several centos, all compiled from the first 
portion of the Rhythm, bnt composed of varying 
stanzas. Taken together they are in extensile 
use. 

ii, Hio breve vivitur, hlo breve planfitur, hie breve 
nstur= Brief life is here our portion. This cento 
vuries from five stanzas in the Hymns and In~ 
troits, 1853, to twelve stanzas in the 18G9 Appx. 
to the 8. P. C. K., Ps. § Hys. No common rule 
is adhered to as to the number of stanzas or the 
order In which they are arranged ; but it) its 
various forms it is found in upwards of an 
hundred collections in G. Britain and America. 

iii. Obona Fatrfa, lamina aobris ta apeeulantur= 
(1) Tor thee, dear, dear ooustry. (8) For thee, 
sweet, heavenly country, (3) for thee, heavenly 
oountey. In common with the foregoing, these 
centos vary both in length and arrangement of 
stanzas. These centos are in more extensive 
use than those under No. ii, 

iv, sacra petie = happy, holy portion. In 
the 1883 Appendix to the H. Noted, 



HOBNE, GEORGE 

V, Urbs Byoa anrea, Tatri*. Unite*, oive laeeras 
Jerusalem fte golden. The centos beginning with 
this stanza are not so numerous as those in 
Nos. ii. and iii, but their use in all English' 
sneaking countries exceed every other portion of 
the poem. 

vi. TJrbiSyon tnolyta, gloria deblta gtoriflomdii= 
Jerusalem the gtarisui. In comparison with the 
foregoing the centos which begin with this stanza 
are not in extensive use. 

rli. IFrta Syon nnioa, manaio myettoa, oondtta 
eoelo= Jerusalem the onely. This is given in the 
Appendix to the H. Noted, 1863. 

viil. Vrba Syon tnolyta, tarns at edit* Uttore 
tute= Jerusalem exulting. This is given in a few 
collections oaly. 

Taken together these centos, compiled from 
one tr. of 218 Latin lines, present a result 
unique in hymnody. Without doubt the 
ballad measure adopted by Dr. Neale has 
had much to do with this popularity; but the 
tr, possesses features of excellence which have 
won the approval of those for whom the 
ballad measure has no attractions. 

The changes made in the text by various 
compilers ore somewhat numerous. The best 
ore those in Thring's Coll., 1882, including 
tho re-translation by Prebendary Thring of the 
concluding eight linos of the original, as in 
Dr. Neale's Rhythm; and the worst, in Dr. 
Nook's judgment, those in the jSarum Hymnal, 
1868. 

Tho trt. not in C. U. are : — 

1. The last of the hours iniquity towers. By Dr. A. 
OtAa, Newark, New Jereey, 1856. 

St. These are the latter times, these sre not better 
times : Let us stand waiting. By& A. W.2>»flWd, 1887. 

a. Here we have many fears, Oils is tbe vale of tears, 
the land of sorrow, Q. Moultrie, in the Church Tina ; 
and fytra Mgitica, less. 

4. Earth very evil is ; time through the last of bis 
Journeys Is basting. IV. of the whole poem. Jachon 
Hasan, 1880. 

s. Hall Zion, dty of our God, &c ("Urbs Syon 
Inctyta.") D, T. iforgan, 1SS0. 

Although these («. are very much nearer 
tlie original than Dr. Neale's, and, in the case 
of Duffiold and Moultrie, follow tho metro of 
Bernard, yet there is little if any prospect 
of any of these being adopted for ase in public 
worship. [J. J.] 

Hordle, "Willia.nl, wasb. in Dorsetshire 

iu the year 1778, and in 1800 became Pastor 
of the Congregational Church in Harwich, 
Essex, where, otter a useful ministry of half a 
century, he d. Dec, 1849. During part of 
thiB time ho kept a. school, and at his death 
left considerable property to religions pur- 
poscH. In the year 1814 Mr. Hordlo wrote the 
liyinn, No. 810, in the Bap. Psalms A Hys. 
(1858), "This sacred day, Groat God, we 
close " (Sunday Eventing) : but it is not known 
that lie was tbo author of any otherpublislied 
composition. [W7 E. S.] 

HorllblOWer, Jane. [Eoseoe Family,] 

Some, George, d.d., b. at Otham, near 
Maidstone, Kent, Nov. 1, 1730. and educated 
at Maidstone, and University College, Oxford 
(b.a. 1749). He subsequently became a Fel- 
low, and in 1768 Master of Magdalen College. 
Ho vasalsoViec-Chancellorof his University, 
1776; Dean of Canterbury, 178J, and Bishop 



HORNE, WILLIAM W, 

of Norwich, 1791. He d. Jan. 17, 1792. Bp. 
Home is widely known through Mb Commen- 
tary on the Book of Psalms. His hymns were 
included in his Memoir* by the Eev. W. Jones, 
1795: again, in Ma Essays and Thought* on 
Variant Subjects with Hymn* and Poems, 1808 ; 
and again, in Ma Works, 1809. Of hie Hymns 
the best known is : — 

Bm tin learns around n> falling [jlutumn], which 
appeared in hU MmMTi, 1TBS, pp. M3-4, In 10 st. of 
4 I., and entitled "The Leaf. • We all do ftde u ft 
leaf/ Iss. bdv. 6." It Is also found to hie JSWayt, 
1909, tind Wori» r 18OT. CoIIjti Included it in ui abbre- 
viated form ia bis CWI., ISIS, from whence it pissed 
Into modern Nonconformist hymnals. It was brought 
Into use in the Chorch of England by GotterlLl through 
his Set., 8th ed., ISIS. 

Bishop Home's translation of the Latin 
Grace, " Te Deum patrem colimus " (q.v.) ; — 
"Thee, Mighty Father, we adore," has been 
strangely overlooked by hymnal oompilera. 

[J. J.] 

Home, William Wales, b. in 1773 at 
Gissing, in Norfolk. In 1793 he became 

minister' of a small Baptist Church at Tibeu- 
ham, in the same county ; thence removed, in 
1797, to Yarmouth, thence to Leicester, and 
about 1806, to London. In London he preached 
first at the City Chapel, in Grub Street ; then, 
for many years, at Trinity Hall, Aldersgato 
Street, and Hephzibah Chapel, Limehouae, 
taking services every Sunday at both places ; 
finally (the two congregations having united) 
at Ebenezer ChapoL Commercial Road. 
Whilst pastor of this church he died, in 1830. 

Whilst minister at Tibenham, Horns pub. a Email 
vol. entitled Sea Shuts qf Siva ; or Short B gm.ni cot- 
lectsd from the Scriptures of the Old Teetament. 
London, Mathews, 17M. In 1802, when at Leicester, 
he pub. A Sdtctton qf Eamnt for Public Wvrihip, 
•sleeted from lit test authors, inetudiBp alts a great 
■wny original hywnt. Thla contained 310 hymns, 
being his own composition. In 180ft, when minister In 
Grub Street, London, he pub. Sion's flartnontf ; or the 
United Praitei of Santonud Somen ; a complete ftlw- 
tion qf Jlynmsfvr FnOtie Wonaip. This contained 613 
hymns, £i being by him. In ISIS an Appendix appeared, 
and hi 1823 a new ed. of the entire book, as Siowt Mir* 
■wag of Praise ; a Sdectian of PtaHns, flfcrmfli, and 
Spiritual Sangt,for Public, Social, A PHrate WoriJiip, 
freutheoett ifyinn Writers; wtttd variety qf original 
pieces, by W. W. Uorne. Lend, printed by W. Woed- 
eock,l%23. This Selection contains J6» hymns, W being 
by Home. Home's own compositions nave but little 
merit. Being Calvmfetlc In sentiment a few have been 
Introduced into hymn-books used by congregations hold- 
ing that form of doctrine. Two are In Huepp's Songi qf 
O. * 0; and others In Dcnhani'e h Kadaby'a Sdections. 
These include:— 

1. Draw near, ye saints, with sweetest praise. Praise 
toJstut. 

1. Death is no more a frightful foe (1800). Victory 
over death. 

3. Sing to the Lord, Whose matchless love. She 
FMhtr't Lose. [W. R. B.] 

Homes saperboB,nectuam, C. Coffin. 
[Wednesday.'] Pub. in the Paris Breviary, 
1736, for Wednesdays at Vespers : and again 
in Ma Hymttf Satri the same year. The 
text ia also in J. Chandler's Hys. of the 
Primitive Church, 1837, No. 25, and Card. 
Newman's Rymni BccUsiae, 1838 and 1SC5. 
Tr. as :-~ 

1, Sod, the hateful pride of man. By J. 
Chandler iu hid Hymns of the Prim. Church, 
1837, p. 22, in 5 at, of 4 I., and repeated in Dr. 
Oldknuw's Hys. for the Ser, of the Church, 18j0. 

S. Then dost, Lord, abhor the proud. By I. 
Williams in his Hys. tr, from the Parisian 



HOBKINS, JOSEPH 



535 



Breviotry, 1839, p. 26, in S st of 4 1. This is 
No. 1160 in Kerned;/, 1863. 

Another tr. ia : — 

Thou dost, O, God, the proud o'arthrow, J. D. 
Chamber!, 18SI, rj m jj 

Horat; Horstius, J. ML [Kerio, j.] 

Hosanna to the living Lord. Bp. B. 
Eeher. [Advent.'] This hymn is found in two 
forms and both by Hebcr. The first is un- 
known in modem hymnals, the ascend is in 
very extensive use in English-speaking coun- 
tries. In 1811 Heber contributed several 
hymns to the Christian Observer, prefacing 
them with a letter in wMch ho strongly con- 
demned the familiarity assumed by hymn- 
writers with the Divine, and with divine 
things ; and promised to remedy the defect so 
far at) it lay in his power so to do. This letter 
appeared in Oct. 1811, together with four 
hymns, the first of whiob was this for Advent 
Sunday. The first stanza reads;— 
" Hosanna to the living Lord 1 
Hosannu to the Incarnate Word ! 
Hosauna in the earth be said, 
And in the heavens which ho hath made. 



In 1827, it appeared in Heber's posthumous 
Hymns, Ac, p. 1, in a new and much-im- 
proved form. From this revised text all exist- 
ing forms of tho hymn in collections for con- 
gregational use have been made. The first 
stanza of the revised text is : — 

" Hosaun* to the living Lord ! 
Hosaime to the Incarnate Word I 
To Christ, Creator, Saviour, King, 
Let earth, let heaven, Hosanna sing 1 
Hosauna! Lord! Hosannaln the highest!" 
The full revised text ia in Lord Selbome'a 
BJt. of PraUe, 1862, No. 1*1. The doxology, 
whicn is given in H. A. & M. and oilier col- 
lections, was added to the hymn as early as 
Stretton's Church Hymns, 1850. The hymn 
"Hosanna, Lord, the angels cry," in Marti- 
neau's Hymns, 4c, 1840, and later collections, 
begins with st. ii. of this hymn. [J. J.] 

Hosianna David's Bonn. B. Sehtnolck 
[Advent.] 1st pub. in Ms Lttstige Sabbath in 
der Stale zu Zion, Jauer, 1712, p, 3, in 8 st. of 
6 1., entitled "Hosannah for the Heavenly 
Manna. On tho First Sunday of Advent," ft 
is also suitable for Polin Sunday. Included 
in tho Berlin G. L. 8., cd. 1863. Tr. as :— 

1. Hail, HoBBnna i David's Bon. A good tr. of 
st. i., iii., vi., as Ko. 6 iu the Dnlston Hospital 
H. Bk., 1848, repented in Dr. Pagenstecher'a 
Coll., 1864, No. 13. 

t, 01*4 Hosanna! David' ■ Bon, In full in the 
Ohio Lath. Hyi., 1880, Hq. 17. 

AnmtfLer tr. is : ** Hosanna to tho Son of David I 
Esise," by Xiti Winbuorth, 1305, p. 01. [J, M.] 

Hoskins, Joseph, was b. in 17*5, but at 
what place is unknown. He was a Congre- 
gational Minister, who for ton years laboured 
with great success at Castle Green Chapel, 
Bristol, and d, Sept. 28, 1788, aged 43. Dur- 
ing the three years previous to his death ho 
had written 384 hymns, which in the year 
following, after correction and revision, were 
pub. by Messrs. Moody & Bottomloy, Confrre- 
gational Miulstci-a. The book is entitled, 
Hymns on Select Texts of Scrtplure and Otca- 



63C 



HOSTB DUM VIOTO 



atonal £ub)'ecf> (Bristol, 1789). From this 
work the following hymns we in 0. U. :— 

l. Alas ! ray [the] Lord my Life is gone, flpirttuoJ 
darknttt and- dsffltft". 

X, Great Light at lift, Thou nature's Lord. God, the 
True Light. 

3. In Thy great Name, Lord, wo come. USuise 
Woi-jMb. 

*. O bow the hearts at those revive. J»$f in iSwbuiwm. 

6. Prisoners of atn and Satan too. Hope. 

«. Saviour of sinners, deign to shine, Chritft ligM 
deiirtH. 

». The time la short, ere alt that live. Bhortnta qf 
Time. 

Hoskina'g hymns nre said to have been 
greatly esteemed by his friends and hearers, 
bat they have little poetic merit. (W. B. 8.] 

Hoste dnm vioto Iriumphans. [Holy 
Communion.] In the Cluniaa Breviary, Paris, 
1686, p. 557, this 1b given as a hymn for the 
Octave of Carpus Chriati, at the Vigil, and 
consists of 5 at and a doxology. Tr, by E. 
Caswall, and pub. in his JKiwgue o/ Jlforj, &c, 
1858, p. 907 ; and in his Hymns, Ac., 1873, 
p. 159, aa "When the Patriarch was return- 
ing." It was riven in the People's H., 1867, 
the A$px. to H. Noted, 1862, &c. [J. M.] 

Houlditch, Acne. [shephsrd, A.] 

House of our God, with cheerful 
anthems ring. P. Doddridge. [Nea Fear.] 
1st nub. in Job Ortan'a posthumous e*J. of 
Doddridge's Hymns, 1755, No. 67, in 6 at 
of G 1. ; and again in J. D. Humphreys* s ed. 
of the same, 1839, No. 81. In Brown-Borth- 
wick's Select Hyi. for the Church & Home, 
1871, and in the S, P. C. K. Church Hyt„ 
1871, is a cento beginning "House of our 
God, with hymns of gladness ring," which 
is mainly from this hymn. It ia by J. 
Ellerton. The lines chosen are greatly -varied 
from Doddridge, and st. v. 1L 2-4 ore by Mr. 
Ellerton. [J. J.] 

How bleat toe man who never trod. 
J. KebU. IP*, t] Pub. in his Psalter, 1839, 
in 6 Bt of 4 1. In the Buqby School H. Bk., 
1876, No. 284, and the Wellington College H. 
Bit., 1880, p. 119, it is given in an altered 
form, as " Blest is the man who walks with 
God," and in tho latter with the addition of 
& doxology. The " Mr. Knight's ColL" re- 
ferred to in tho Bugby book, is the Pt. & 
Hya. by the Bev. W. Knight, St Michael's, 
Bristol, 4th ed., 1867. [J. J.] 

How blest Thy creature Is, O God 
W. Ctneper. [The Blettednett of Peace with 
God.] Sonthey in his Memoir* and Corre- 
spondence of William Cooper, 1854, vol. i. 
pp. 99-104, gives an account of Cowper's 
insanity, his reaidenoe at St. Albans under 
the oare of Dr. Cotton, and his partial 
recovery. At the beginning of his attack 
Cowper wrote a most painful poem, the nature 
and burden of which will be gathered from 
the following (the third) stanza, which 
reads: — 
" Man disavows, and Deity disowns me, 
Hell might afford my miseries a shelter j 
Therefore, bell keeps her ever-hungry mouths all 
Bolted against me. 

In contrast to this despair Southey states 
that 



"Daring this [the latter part of his stay with Dr. 
fjotton] part of his abode at St. Athens, he again poured 
Dot his ftellnjp In verse, and the contrast is Indeed 



HOW FEW EECEIVE WIIH 

striking between what he called this epecimen of his 
first Christian thoughts, and that song of despair [noted 
above] which cannot he perused wtUiout shuddering. 
He coat his thought! In the form of a hymn, which ha 
entitled 'The Happy Change,' and took for his text part 
of a verse in the Revelations, 'Behold, I mate all 
things new.' " 

Tho hymn composed under these circum- 
stances, in July, 1765, is full of peace and 
hope, as evidenced in st. ir. : — 

" The soul, a dreary province once 
Of Satan's dart domain, 
Feels a new empire formed witfiln, 
And owns a lieavenly reign." 
The publication of tho hymn in 6 st. of 4 1. 
with Cowper's original title, "The Happy 
Change," was in tho Olney Hymns, 1779, Bk. 
iii., No. 44. In full or in part it is given in 
several hymn-books, especially in America. 
Sometimes it begins : — "How blest is man, O 
God," aa in the American Unitarian Hyt. for 
the Ckvrch of Chritt, Boston, 1853. [J. J.] 

How can a sinner know. 0. Wesley. 
[TAs Afarfcs of Faith.'] Pub. in By*, and 
Sacred Poem*, 1749. vol. ii., No. 161. It 
constats of 8 st, and each stanza ia compoaed 
of 4 1, of 6'a metre, and 4 1. of short metre 
(P. ffbrfes, 1868-72, voL v. p. 363). In tho 
Wes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 93, st. iv., v. were 
omitted, and the rest were rewritten in s.h. 
throughout In this form the hymn is in 
C. U. in G. Britain and America. [J. J.] 

How few and evil are thy days. J. 
Montgomery. [Shortnet* of lafe."] Pub. in 
Cottcrill's SeU 1819, No. 175, in 8 st. of 8 1., 
and again in Montgomery's Greenland & Other 
Poems, 1819. On its reappearance in his 
Christian Fsalmitt, 1825, No. 516, it was 
altered to " Pew, few and evil are thy daya." 
This was repeated in his Original Hymns, 
1853, and ia the received form of tho text. 

[J. J.] 

How few receive with cordial faith. 
W. Robertson. [PauumttaTE.] 1st appeared 
aa No. 6 in the Draft Scottish TrantlaUom & 
Paraphrases, 1745, at a version of Is. liii. in 
16 st of 4 1 In the revised edition, 1751, 
st. viii., x., xii were slightly altered. In the 
Draft of 1781, No. 25, it was considerably 
altered ; and with further alterations this was 
repeated in the public worship ed.of that year 
which ia still in O. V. in the Church of Scot- 
land. In the markings by the eldest daughter 
of W. Cameron (q.T.), the original is ascribed 
to W. Bobertson, and the alterations in 1781 
to Joim Logan. The revised text of 1781 is 
included in full in the Eng. Fresh, P». & Hyt., 
1867, aa two hymns, No. 170 beginning as . 
above, and 171 aa "We all like sheep have 
gone astray." In addition the following 
centos are in C. U. : — 

1. The Saviour cornea Eeame], no outward pomp. 
In Murray's fljmmoi, 1863; the Bap. Pt. £ Eft., 185B ; 
Kennedy, IMS, and others In 6. Britain and America. 

S. Aeitotsd and despised of men. Jn the Andover 
Sabbath B. Bk., 1S5S, fie. 

8. fan: as a beauteous, tender flower, In nyi. 
from the Puriih CTofr, ISM. 

In addition, Miss Leeson pub. an altered 
form of the hymn in 9 st in her Paraphratet 
& Hys. for Cong. Singing, 1853, as pt, i., " Who 
hath believed the Witness- Won! ? " ; and pt ii, 
"We counted as condemued of heaven." Cam- 
pare also Watts*s Hymns, 1709, Bk. i., Noa. 
141-2. [J. M J 



HOW FIBM A FOUNDATION, Yfi HOW HAPPY IS THE PILGRIM'S 537 

lion.'] Appealed in his (posthumous) Bymns, 
Sco., 1817, No. 284, in 6 st of 4 1„ and headed 
" Wonderi of Redemption." It has passed 
into several hymn-books, and in late edv. of the 
BaptPs. * Sat., 1858, it is dated 1790 ; hot 
upon what authority is not stated. [J. J,] 

How happy are those children who. 
J. Cemriek. [Heavenly Joys.] Pub. in hii 
Eyt. to the Honour of Jaw Christ, Competed 
for tueh LUOe Children at Desire to be Saved, 
1754, in 9 st. of 4 I. This hymn is known to 
modem collections in the following forma : — 

1. " Happy tin children who in gone." Thle wii 
given in c«, tn s st. of 4 l.in tin Mmxvim B. Bk., Its*, 
No. «23 (ed. law, No. 11M> 

& In mo Bowlaod Hill adapted >t. t„ 1L. iv„ t. of 
the Jftmnoo H. Bk. veretai to L.H., and Included It tn 
his Itft*» Hjw, in nuy Ewvuv/ortte m e/ OKMnst, 
Ho. 44. This li tb« popular form of the wit, and ii 
given In several modem collections for children u 
Alton's CMMtm't WenMp, 18T8, No. 4*3, Ac 

The flint stanxa of the Original is :— 
" Bow hippy are fboM children who 
In peace to haven era goo* ; 
Who, cloth'd In long white garments, dot/ 
— - ■ ■ - - throne." 



How firm a foundation, ye saints of 
the Lord. Keen. [PeneveranceoftkeSaiittt.'] 
This hymn appealed in Bippon's Selection, 
1787, No. 128, in 7 st. of 4 L, and entitled, 
" Exceeding great and precious promises." In 
1822 it was repeated in A. Fletcher's Bap. 
CoU. of Eyt., No. 296, in * st, the omitted 
stanzas being ii., iv. & v. Two arrangements 
of tbe text were thus handed down to modern 
hymnals. In the 1835 ed. of Fletcher's Coll., 
the full oiiguial text is restored. This is re- 
peated in Spurgeon's O. O. B. Bk.„ 1866, 
No. 732, and other hymn-books. 

The authorship of this hymn has been the 
subject of much enquiry. We have (1) iu 
modern editions of Jtippon the name oE^'Xtrfe- 
ton"; (2) in Fletcher't 18S5 ed. as above, 
"Keen"; (3) and in Bpnrgeon's 0. O.H.Bk., 
u George Keith." 

1. H^pon's original signature wae "X— ." In modem 
edition*, which ere not published by l>r. Klppon's re- 
presentetlne, tbe " JC— rt la extended into " JBtrUtM," 
but on whet authority we cennot say. 

a. The ascription tn Miller'a Singtrt and &, ISM, p. 
349, we pud bom the Sedoictck MSS., Is hased upon 
wrt *^*" 1 e but the statement of an old woman whom Sedg- 
wick met la an almshouse. 

3. In Fletcher's CbK., ISM, the "JT— " of Blppon te 
extended to " AT»," and tn the ed. of 1836 this Is Mil 
further extended to " Jfeen," and Bo It remains. That 
thla la more likely to be correct than either of the other 
two Is gathered from the fact that Br. Fletcher was 
assisted tn Us work by Thomas Walker, tbe editor of 
Or. Rlppan'a nine Buik, to whom he specially refers In 
these words: — "Great assistance has been obtained from 
Mr. Walker, Compiler of Dr, Bippon's Dim Batik, and 
the EditoT of the Companion to It, called walker's Cost, 
pauiojt; and It is bat Juttke to acknowledge that tbe 
principal choice of Hymns and tbe application of Tones, 
baa been effected by his extensive knowledge of sacred 
poeby, and long tried acqnatntanee with tbe science of 
sacred music." enfant. Inn., Nm. 183X 

In addition, in the Index of the " Names of 
such Authors of the Hymns as are known," 
the name "Keen," with the abbreviation 
" Kn," is also given. Taking Mr. Walker's 
acquaintance with Dr. Bippon's work into 
account, we are justified iu concluding that 
the ascription to this hymn must be that of 
an unknown person of tbe name of Kbkn, 

The following hymns bear the same signa- 
ture as the above In Dr. Bippon's Set, 1787. 

L Tjl songs of sublime adoration and praise (ftotfn- 
pitftWnjr Otoax). This is given In Spurgeon's O. 0. JS. 
■St., on Sedgwick's authority, as " Otarye XeWt, Hal." 

I. XheBibloujustlyeateemsd(irWy&Hprure>). 

From the foot that these two hymns have 
a common signature iu Bippon't Set, 1787, 
with ** How firm a foundation," Ac., and that 
the three appeared there for the first time, we 
also ascribe them to Keen. Miller, in his 
Singer* and Songt of the CAttren, 1869, bases 
his note on George Keith on the unsupported 
word of D. Sedgwick as above. [J, J.] 

How grand and how bright That 
'wonderful night. W. H. EavergaZ. 
[ChriHmae CaroV\ The words and music 
were written at Astlev Rectory, in 1827, and 
published in Fireside Mutie, 1858; It was 
also printed as a carol leaflet and sold by 
hawkers throughout Worcestershire, where it 
attained great popularity. It is now known 
as The Wbroeeeersfcire Carol The words 
were included in Snepp's Song* of ft & ft, 
1872. [J. J.] 

How great the wisdom, power, and 
grace. B.Beddome, [Wonder* of Jtedentp- 



Stand singing round the 
The Moravian E. Bk. text is : — 

" Happy the children who axe gone 
To Jeeua Christ in peace. 
Who stand around His glorious throne 
Clad in Bis righteousness." 

The BowHand Bill text is :— 
" Happy the children who are gone 
To live with Jesus Christ ii peace. 
Who stand around Hia glorious throne 
Clad In Hia spotless nghteousnefle/' 

[W. T. B.] 

How happy every child of grace. 
C. Wesley. [The Hops of Beaten.! Pub. in 
bis Funeral Hymns, 2nd series, 1759, No. 2, 
in 8 st of 8 L, and from thence into tho Sup- 
plement of the Wet. B. Bk. t 18S0. G. J. 
Stevenson has given interesting "Associa- 
tions'' in his Methoditt B. Bk. Note*, 1883, 
getting forth the spiritual help this hymn has 
been to many. (Grig, text, P- Workt, 1868- 
72, vol. vi. p. 21&) Its use with the Metho- 
dist bodies in all English-speaking countries 
is extensive. A cento from this hymn, begin- 
ning "A stranger in the world below," is 
given in H. W. Beocher's Plymouth CoU., 
1855, No. 1273. It is composed of st ii end 
lii A second cento in the American By*, and 
Songe of Praite, N. Y, 1874, is, "O what a 
blessed hope is ours" (sts. vii., viil.). [J. J.] 

How happy is the pilgrim's lot. 
[Dairing Eeaven.'] Appeared ill tbe Wesley 
Hymn* for thole that Seek, and thoee that Save 
Redemption, nil, No. 51, in 9 st. of 6 L 
When given iu the Wet. B. Bk., 1780-1875, the 
fourth stanza was omitted, (P. Workt, 1868-72, 
vol. iv. p. 278-) Although somewhat unreal as 
a hymn for general use, it has long been most 
popular with tbe Methodist bodies. Stanza 
v., " No foot of land do I possess," and vii., 
" There is my house, and portion fair,*' have 
gathered around them reminiscences, in many 
instances of a tenderly sacred character, some 
of which are noted m detail in Stevenson's 
Mkhoditt E. Bki Notet, 1883, p. 77. In 
Stevenson's Notet this hymn is attributed to 
John Wesley, and in the Index to the same 
work to Charles Wesley. The former is also 
the almost universal ascription in America, 



538 HOW HAPPY THE PAIR 

the argument usually put forth being that the 
personal circumstances evidently referred to 
suited John Wesley rather than Charles. 
The editors of the Wet. B. Bk. are in doubt, 
and have left the authorship an open question. 
As there is no direct evidence cither way, 
we must follow their example. [J. J.] 

How happy the pair whom Jesus 
unites. C. Wesley. [Holy Matrimony.] 
Written in 1719, in contemplation of his 
coming marriage which took place at Garth, 
in Wales, on the 8th of April of the same 
year, and pub. in Hys. <fe Sacred Poems, 1749, 
in 6 bL of 4 1., as one of several hymns which 
wore written under the same circumstances. 
(P. Work*, 1803-72, vol. v. p. 427.) In its 
original form it is not in C. tl. The hymn, 
" Appointed by Thee, we meet in Thy name," 
given in the Wee. H. Bk., 1780, No. 472, and 
repeated in later editions, and in several other 
hymnals, is the same hymn in an abbreviated 
form. [J. J.] 

How honourable is the place. I. 
Watts. [Safety of the Church.] This hymn, 
which is based on Is. xxvi. 1-6, has a two- 
fold history ; the first English, and the se- 
cond Scottish. 

i, English History. It was first published 
in Watts's Hymns, 4c, 1707 (1709, Bk. i„ 
No. 8), in 7 st. of 4 1, and eniiUed « The 
Safety and Protection of the Church." In 
this form it came into extensive use with some 
of the Nonconformist bodies, and maintained 
its position until recently. 

ii. Scottish History. — In 1745 it was in- 
cluded in the Translations and Paraphrases, 
No. nil, (see BoottUli Tr>. ud Puajii*.) with 
the single alteration of st iv. 1, 4 of " irnst in * 
for "ventar'd on his Grace." The principal 
changes were made in 1781, when in the 
Draft st. i., ii„ and vii. woro rewritten, and a 
word or two in the remaining stanzas altered. 
This text with, in st. vii. 1. 2, "brave " for 
* prop," was given in the authorized Trs. and 
Par. of 1781, No. xx., as "How glorious 
Sion's courts appear." W. Cameron (q.v.) 
ascribes this recast of Watts in his list of 
authors and revisers of tho Trs. & Par. to 
Dr. Hugh Blair. It has been in authorized 
use in the Church of Scotland for more than 
100 years, and is also given in a, few English 
and American collections. J. B. Loeson's Par. 
and Hymns, 1853, No. xlvi., "In Judah's land 
let Zion's sons," is a cento by Miss Lecson 
from the Scottish Par. with alterations and 
additions by herself, St. i., iii. Mies Leeson ; 
st, ii., iv. as above. In tho American Presby- 
terian Ps. <fe Hys., Richmond, 1867, No. 560, 
"Hew glorious is the sacred place," is an 
altered form of Watts, 1709. [J. J.] 

How long shall dreams of creature 
[Earthly] Mies? P. Doddridge. [God the 
Salvation of HU People.] Written Aug. 15, 
1736, D. ttss., and pub. in his (posthumous) 
Hymns, &c, 1755, No. 125, in 4 st. of 4 1. ; 
and again iu J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the 
same, 1830. In one or two American collec- 
tions it begins, "How long shall dreams of 
earthly bliss?" as in the Unitarian Hys. for 
the Church of Christ, Boston, 1853. [J. J.J 

How many pass the guilty night. 
C. Wesley. [ Watchnight.] Appeared in Hys. 



HOW SHALL I FOLLOW HIM I 

and Sao. Poems, 1742, p. 135, in 6 st. of 6 1. 
as the first of a series of " Hymns for the 
Watchnight." (P. Works. 1868-72, vol. ii. 
p. 193.) In 1830 it was given in the Supp. 
to the We*. H. Bk. with alterations, and the 
omission of si iv. This was repeated in the 
revised edition, 1875. The opening line has 
undergone several changes, as ; " How many 
pass this guilty night ; "How many pass 
this solemn night"; and "How many spend 
the guilty night" The original reading 
has by for the most extensive use. [J. J.] 

How precious is the book divine. 

if. FavxeU. [Holy Scriptures.] Pub. in his 
Hymns, 4c, 1782, No. 41, in 6 st of 4 1., and 
based upon the words, " Thy Word is a lamp 
to my foot and a light to my path." IU use is 
extensive, especially in America, but usually 
in an abbreviated form. In the New Cong., 
1859, No. 466. st iii. is by another hand. Orig. 
text in Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 226. [J. J.] 

How rich Thy bounty, King of 
kings, P. Doddridge. [Divine Treasure in 
Earthen Vessels.] Written Sept 23, 1739 
(b. mss.), and pub. in his (posthumous) Hymns, 
&c, 1755, No. 175, in 5 st. of 4 1., and based 
npon 2 Cor. iv. 7. In 1839 it was repeated 
in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the same, No. 
300. p. J.] 

How sad our state by nature is. I. 
Watts. [Salvation through Christ.] 1st pub. 
in his Hys. & S. Songs, 1707 (ed. 1709, Bk. ii., 
No. 90), in 6 st. of 4 1., and headed " Faith in 
Christ far Pardon and Sanotifioation." In 
1736-7 it was included by J. Wesley in his 
Charlestown Pa. <fc Hys. p. 52, with the change 
of st. v., 1. 4, " With all his hellish crow," to 
"With his infernal crew." Wesley's altera- 
tion was repeated by Q. Whitefield in his 
Oott. 1753 ; by M. Madan, in his Ps. £ Hys. 
1760, and others. In Conyers's CoU., ed. 1774, 
the line reads, "And form our souls anew." 
In modem hymn-books the difficulty is over- 
come by the omission of the stanza. Several 
interesting " Associations " in connection with 
this hymn are given in G-. J. Stevenson's 
Mstiiodist U. Bit. Notes, 1883. [J. J.] 

How shall s> contrite [sinner] spirit 
pray. J. Montgomery. [Lent. Prayer.] 
Written Sept. 15, 1840, "w. mbs.," and pub. 
in an undated ed. of T. Russell's Sel. of Hys. 
for Congregational Worship, (nlarged ed. With 
Appendix ; and again in Dr. LeifchUd's Ori- 
ginal Hymns, &c, 1842, No. 76. Subse- 
quently it was included in the author's Ori- 
ginal Hymns, 1853, No. 73. In Common 
Praise, 1870, it is given as "How shall a 
contrite sinner pray ? " Its use, especially in 
its original form, is extensive. [J. J.] 

How shall I follow Him I serve. J. 

Gander. [Resignation and Suffering^ This 
hymn, in 11 st. of 4 1., on tho words, i! If any 
man serve Me, let him follow Me," is in 
his Star in the East, &c, 1824, p. 62. In 
1836 it was rewritten and divided into two 
hymns, the first in 7 st. beginning with the 
same first line, and included as No. 341 in the 
Cong. H. Bk., 1836; end the second in 3 st., 
as « Thou Who for Peter's faith didst pray ! " 
No. 588 in the sume collection. The modem 
arrangements of these hymns, as in the Bap. 



HOW SHOULD THE SONS OF 

Ps. A Hyt., 1858 ; the New Cong., 1899 ; Ken- 
nedy, 1863, and others are from this 1836 
text. In Gander's Hyt. of Praise, Prayer, 
Ac., 1856, p. SO, the two hymns are given as 
one, as in the Star in the Boat, &c [J. J.] 

How should the sons of Adam's 
race. L Wattt. [Divine Majesty.] 1st 
pub. in his Hymns, &o., 1709, Bk. i., No. 86, as 
a paraphrase of Jab. ix. £-10, in 6 st. of 4 1., 
and entitled " God, Holy, Just, and Sovereign." 
Its use is limited. 

In the Scottish Draft Trana. & Paraphs, of 
17*5, it was given as No. 18 in an unaltered 
form ; but in the revised issue of 1751 it ap- 
peared in a recast form by Dr. H Blair. It 
appears, slightly altered as No. 7 in the autho- 
rised issue of 1781, and as such has beon in 
nee in the Church of Scotland for more than 
100 years. In her list of authors and revisers 
of the 1781 issue, W. Cameron's daughter 
claims these alterations of 1781 for W. Cameron 
(q.t.). It is given in full in all modem edi- 
tions of the Scottish Psalm*. 

In the American Prayer Bk. CoJL, 1826, 
the Scottish version reappears as : * Ah, how 
etioll fallen man," and this has been repeated 
in other hymnals, including the Prot. Kpisoo. 
Hymnal, 1871. It was rewritten for the P. 
Bk. Coll. by Bp. Qnderdouk (q.v.> [J. X] 

How still and peaceful is the grave. 
Hugh Blair. [Burial of the Dead.'] 1st ap- 
peared as No. 39 in the Draft Scottish Tram. 
and Paraphs., 1749, as a version of Job iii. 
17-20, thus:— 

" How still andpescelul la the Oim ! 
tbM edient Bed bow blest J 
The Wicked there from Troubling cease, 
and there the Weary reel. 
" There toe freed Fris'ner grains no more 
beneath Life's gallhur Load i 
Mnte la th' Oppressor's cruel Voice { 
and broke the Tyrant's Rod. 
" There Slaves and Masters equal ly, 
and share the same Repose j 
The Small and Great are there ; and Friends 
now mingle with their Foes." 

In the draft of 1781 it appeared as No. i, 
rewritten in 5 st. ; and again, with three lines 
altered, in the pnblio worship ed, issued in 
that year by the Church of Scotland, and 
still in use. In the markings by the eldest 
daughter of W. Cameron (q.v.) the original is 
ascribed to Blair, and the alterations in 1781 
to Cameron. It is given also in several modem 
hymnals in Q-. Britain and America [J. M.] 

How sweet and awful is the place. 

I. Walls. [The Great Supper.'] 1st pub. in 
his Hys. and 8. Songs, 1707 (ed. 1709, Bk. iii., 
No. 13), in 7 st of 4 1., and based upon St 
Luke xiv. 17, &c. It is given, sometimes in 
an abbreviated form, in several modern collec- 
tions in G. Britain and America. In Dr. 
Alexander's -iuffiMtiwe H. Bit., 1849, and later 
editions it is given as, " How sweetly awful is 
the place ; " and in the Bap. Hymnal, 1879, 
"How sweet and sacred is the place." [J. J.j 

How sweet from crowded throngs. 

J. (tender. [For open-afr Service.} " Written 
for the ContenaTy Commemoration of White- 
flcld's Open-air Ministry, on Stincbcombe 
Hill, July 80, 1839," and pub. in the Evan- 
gelical Magatine of October the same year. 



HOW SWEETLY FLOWED 639 

In 1856 it was also included in Dander's Hy$, 
of Pratie, Prayer, &c., p. 162. Dr. Kennedy 
has given it in an unaltered form in Ms" 
Hymno. Chritt, 186% No. 1442. Although 
remarkably well adapted for open-air ser- 
vices, its use is limited. [J. J.j 

How sweet the name of Jesus 
sounds. J. Newton. [The Name—Juut.] 
1st pub. in the Olney Hymns, 1779, No. 57, in 
7 st. of 4 1., and entitled, "The Name of 
Jesus." J. Wesley brought it into notice by 
inserting it in the Armiman Magazine in 1781. 
Notwithstanding this, however, it did not ap- 
pear in the Wee. H. Bk until the revised ed. 
of 1875, It is found, mostly with the omis- 
sion of st. iv., "By Thee my prayers accept- 
ance gain," in nearly every hymnal of repute 
which has appeared in the present century. It 
is superior jn pathos, although lees jubilant 
than Newton's " Glorious things of thee are 
spoken," which is regarded by many as his 
finest production; and ranks with the first 
hymns in the English language. Its use is 
most extensive in all English-speaking coun- 
tries, and it has been translated into several 
languages, including Latin, by E. Bingham, 
in his Hymno. Christ. Lot. 1871, "Quam 
dulce, quam mellifluum," and Macgill, in his 
Song* of the ChrUtian Creed and L#e, 1876, 
" Jesus I O quam duloe nomen." Its uniform 
excellence is broken by st. iv., which is usually 
omitted, and the line, "Jesus! my Shep- 
herd, Hatband, Friend," in st v. It is urged, 
and not without weight, that " the Bride, the 
Lamb's Wife," is not the individual soul, but 
the collective Church ; and that the expres- 
sion " Husband " is unsuited to congregational 
use, as in no sense can it be said that Jesus is 
the Husband of Men. Various efforts have 
been made to overcome this difficulty, and 
thereby retain one of the best stanzas of the 
hymn. The principal changes are : — 

1. " Jesus ! our.Leader, Shepherd, Friend." Hatch- 
ud'a Sd., 1833. 

». " JesuB! my Shepherd, Surely, Friend." J. H. 
Gurney'B Coil, qfESi., 4c., 1838. 

a. "Jesus! our Shepherd, Brother, friend." J. A. 
Johnston's BRgltoh Egimal, 1B62. 

4. " Jesus t my Shepherd, Guardian, Friend." Leeds 
B. Bk., lssa, 

B. " Jean ! our Brother. Shepherd, Friend." Cooke 
Si Denton CKurck m/Dmal, 18W. 

6. " Jesus J my Saviour, Shepherd, Friend." Barry's 
Pi. &Hyt.,isa. 

The origin of moot of the readings found in 
modem hymn-books may be gathered from 
this list. In two or three instances unsuccess- 
ful rearrangements of the order of the stanzas 
in the original have been made. The most 
notable of these appeared in tlie Sritilmry H. 
Bk., 1857. Cotterill's attempt in bis Sel. (8th 
ed.), 1819, to get rid of the word iweef in the 
opening lino by substituting, " How bteet the 
name of Jesus sounds," has also been a failure. 
In Kemble's Ps. <fc Hyt., 1853, st v.-vii. wore 
given as " Jrsus, my Shepherd," Husband, 
Friend," but it was omitted from his New 
Church H. Bk., 1873; and in the Parish H. 
Bk., 1863 and 1875, st iii., v., til altered, 
togetlier with the addition of a Btanza by the 
editors were given as ("Jesus, the Bock on 
which wo build." [J. J.] 

How sweetly flowed the Gospel's 
sound. Sir J. Bowing. [Jems lAe Teacher.] 



640 



HOW TBULY DO I LOVE 



Pub. in his Matins and Vespers, &&, 2nd ed., 
1824, p. 231, in 4 at. of 4 ]., and headed, 
" Jesus teaching the people." In 1837 it was 
included in Beard's Unitarian Coll., No. 121, 
and subsequently in a number of hymn-books, 
especially modem American collections. Oris;. 
text in Laudes Domini, N. Y., 1884, with, in 
st. i., 1. 4, " And joy and gladness " for " And 
joy and reverence." [J. J.] 

How truly do I love Thee, Lord. [P«. 
xviii.] This paraphrase of the 18th Psalm in 
Kennedy's Psalter, I860, is rewritten from T. 
Sterabold, in the Old Version. Kennedy's 
rendering is in 89 st of 4 1. In his Hymao- 
logia Christiana, 1663, a portion is given in 
two parts, as N". 676, Ft. ii. being, " The 
Lord Himself will light my lamp." Another 
arrangement in 0. U. is, " My (Sod, the Book 
in whom I trust" It begins with st. ii. of 
the 1860 version. [J. J.] 

Eow vast the treasure we possess. 
J. Watts. {A31 things in Christ'] This hymn, 
as in Bickersteth's Christ. Psalmody, enlarged 
ed., 1841, the Bap. P*. & My*., 1858, and 
others, in 5 st of 4 1., Is a cento from two 
hymns appended to Watts's Sermons, 1721-4, 
the first beginning, "How vast the treasure 
we possess ; and the second, " My soul, sur- 
vey thy happiness." In the cento, st i, is 
from the first, and st. iL-v. are from the 
second of these two hymns. [J. J.j 

How welcome was the call Sir H. 
W. Baker. [Holy Matrimony."] Appeared in 
H. A. & II., 1861, and the revised ed., 1875. 
It has attained to great popularity, especially 
in America, and is a favourite marriage hymn. 

How, William WalBham, d.ix, s, of 
William Wybergb. How, Solicitor, Shrews- 
bury, was b. Dec 13, 1823, at Shrewsbury, 
and educated at Shrewsbury School and Wad- 
ham College, Oxford (B.A. 1845), Taking 
Holy Orders in 1846, he became successively 
Curate of St George's, Kidderminster, 1846 ; 
and of Holy Cross, Shrewsbury, 1848. In 
1851 he was preferred to the Rectory of Whit- 
tington, Diocese of St Asaph, becoming Sural 
Dean in 1853, and Hon. Canon of the Cathe- 
dral in 1860. In 1879 be was appointed 
Rector of St. Andrew's Underahaft, London, 
and was consecrated Suffragan Bishop for 
East London, under the title of the Bishop 
of Bedford, and in 1888 Bishop of Wake- 
field. Bishop How is the author of the 
S. P. C. K. Commentary on the Four Gospels; 
Plain Words, Tour Series ; Plain Words /or 
Children ; Pastor in Parochid ; Lecture* on 
Pastoral Work; Three All Saints Summers, 
and Other Poems, and numerous Sermons, &c 
In 1854 was pnb. Psalms and Hymns, Compiled 
by the Rev. Thomas Baker Morrell, sta.., . . . 
and the Jfeo. William Walsham How, jt.A. 
This was re-published in an enlarged form in 
1864, and to it was added a Supplement in 
1867. To this collection Bishop How contri- 
buted several hymns, and also to the S. P. 
O. K. Chureh Hymn*, of which he was joint 
editor, in 1871. The Bishop's hymns in C. U. 
amount in all to nearly sixty. 

Combining pure rhythm with great direct- 
ness and simplicity, Bishop How's compositions 
arrest attention more through a comprehensive 
grasp of the subject and the unexpected light 



HOW, WILLIAM W. 

thrown upon and warmth infused into facts 
and details usually shunned by the poet, than 
through glowing imagery and impassioned 
rhetoric. He has painted lovely images in- 
woven witli tender thoughts, but these are 
few, and found in bis least appreciated work. 
Those compositions which have laid the firmest 
hold upon the Church, are simple, nnadorned, 
but enthusiastically practical hymns, the most 
popular of which, " Jesu, Thou art stand- 
ing"; "For all the Saints who from their 
labours rest," and " We give Thee but Thine 
own," have attained to a foremost rank. His 
adaptations from other writers, as in tlie case 
from Bishop Ken, " Behold, the Master passetb. 
by," are good, and his Children's hymns are 
useful and popular. Without any claims to 
rank as a poet, in the sense in which Oowper 
and Montgomery were poets, he has sung us 
songs which will probably outlive all his other 
literary works. 

The more important of Bp. How's hymns, 
including those already named, and "Lord, 
Thy children guide and keep " ; "0 Word 
of God Incarnate " ; " This day at Thy cre- 
ating word"; " Who is this so weak and help- 
less™; and others which have some special 
history or feature of interest, are annotated 
under their respective first lines. The fol- 
lowing are also in C. U. ; — 

i. From Psalms & Hymns, 1854. 

1. Before Thine awfbl present*. Lord. a>nfirniatiim, 

2. Jesus, Name of wondrous love [priceless worth}. 
Circumcision. 3*e jvome Jetui. 

3. Lord Jeans, when we stsnd sfsx. Pattiontide. 

4. O blessing rich, for sens of men. Jfoseeri tf 
Oirict. 

0. Lord of Hoete, the earth la Thine, ita tone tf 
War. 

ft, Lord, Who in Tby wondrous love. Advent. 

ii From Psalms A) Hymns, enlarged, 1664. 

1. Lord, this day Thy children meet. Sunday S. 
Anniversary. 

iii. From Supplement to the Psalms & 
Hymns, 1867. 

5. Hope of hopes and joy of joys. Resurrection. 

9. daughters blest of (jajilee. For Association! qf 
Women. 

10. O happy feet that tread. Public Worship. 

11. With trembling awe the chosen three. Trans- 
Jcffttratifm* 

iv. From Parish Magaxine, 1871, and Chureh 
Hymns, 1871. 

12. O Jesu, crucified for man. Friday. 

13. Yesterday, with -worship blest. Monday. 

v. From the S. P. 0. K Church Hymns, 
1871. 

14. Bowed low In supplication, jibr &t Parti*. 

15. Great Gabriel sped on wings of light. Antmnefo- 
tfm.o/ the B. V. M. 

lfl, blest was he, whoso earlier skill. 31. Luke. 

17. God, enshrined In dax&liug light. Omni- 
presence. Divine Worship. 

IB. O heavenly fount of Light and Loire. Whitsun- 
titie. 

is. Lord, it la a blessed thing. Week-days. 

SO. One with God the Father. ijBj>)i«ny. 

21. O Tbon through suffering perfect mads. Hasp*. 
talt. 

22. Rejoice, ye eons of men. Purification qf Sis 
B. V. M. 

23. Bummer suns are glowing. Stmi&er. 

24. The year is swiftly waning, jttrttmin. 
IB. Thou art the Christ, O Lord. St. Peter. 
26. To Thee our God we fly. National Hymn. 

2T. Upon the holy Mount they stood, Trantjigurfr 
lion snj chuTth Guitdt, 
28. Ws praise Thy grace, Saviour, #, Jfark. 



HOW ABB, CAROLINE 
vi. From the S. P. C, K. Children'* Hymtu, 

nm. 

29. Behold a Utile child. Jtw the ChiWi Example. 

30. Come, pralae your Lord and Saviour. CMfdrm'i 
.Fntifftt* 

31. It la ft thing most wonderful. Auiday A jttmi- 

31. On wings of UTtdg light JEmtei*. 

Bishop How's hymns md sacred and secular 
pieces were collected and pub. as P<wmi and 
J5f»tn«,1886. The ITpxHW, 54 in all, are ahjopub- 
lisnedseparately. Hed.Aug.10,1897. [J.J.] 
Howard, Caroline, [aamen, o.] 
Howltt, Mary, nee Botham, second 
daughter of Samuel Botham, a member of the 
Society of Friends, was b. at Uttoxeter, Staf- 
fordshire, circa 1801, was married in 1823 to 
William Howitt, and d. Jan. 30, 1888. Her 
publications linvo littlo in common with hym- 
nody. They include poems, novels transla- 
tions of Swedish ana Danish works, and 
numerous contributions to magazines. In 
addition she was joint anther with her hus- 
band of Literature and Romance o/Northern t 
Europe, 1852, fto. Her hymns include; — 

1. God might hen mad* the earth bring rorth. The 
Vte ef Floatrt. From her Bird* and Ftovert, and 
Otlur Oamtry TMvga, Loud., ». B. (Frefcee, Sept, 38, 
188T Vp. IW, in 8 at, of 4 1. 

t. How geodly ii the earth, flower Service!. From 
her ttymiu emd Kretide Vereee, Lond., 183S, p. 16». 

S. nbtti ft"* ft«m earth. Ztooth ana Burial. 
Altered ffom her poem, "The Ascent of the Spirit." In 
her Btttiodt and «*«■ .Pomtt, 18*1. p. 31S. Dr. Mer- 
Unnm datee Oils poem 1834, 

Mrs. Howitt also contributed "Let me 
suffer, let me drsin"(I%s Witling Disciple), 
and " Clothe mo with Thy saving grace " {The 
Cry of the spirit) to Lyra Britannica, 1867. 

(J. J J 

Hue ad montem Calirariae. [PattUm- 
tide.J This hymn is found in the Mainz fl. B. 
(B. 0.), 1661, p. 287, in 7 st, and is probably not 
of much earlier date. It is also in Daniel, 
ii. p. 353; Neale's Hymni Eccletiae, 1851, p. 
124, and other souroes. IV. as ; — 

1. Up to the hm ef Calvary. By J. M. Neale, 
is hie Mediaeval Hys., 1851, p. 154, in 7 st. of 
8 1. When included in Kennedy, 1863, it wm 
divided into two parts, the second beginning 
with »t. it., " Bare wealth and honour spread 
their wing." 

a. To Otinxy aieennjai;. By H. Kynaston, 
pub. in hi* Occasional ffyrnnt, 1862, p. 70, in 
two parts, the second beginning with st. iv., 
"Oivitiia eintns es "(" Art poor ? in all thy toil- 
ing.") The two parti wire given in Lyra Me*- 
tionica, 1864, and a* No. 108, in the Puopfe's 
ff, 1867. [J. M.] 

Hues of the rich unfolding morn. 
J. Keble. [Mbrnftio.] Written Sept 20, 1822, 
and 1st nub. in his Christian Year, 1827, as 
the opening poem, in 16 at of 4 1. From It 
the following oentos have come into C. U. : — 

1. Una* of the rich anftUiaf morn. (et. 1.) In * 
few collections. 

g. 0! timet; hinr, timet; wile. (et. v.) This to 
hi a Urge number or hymn-book). 

1. Sew every morning Is the Ion. (et. vi.) This 
cento of various lengths is In extensive nee in Greet 
Britain, and America, and. aa a hymn, It ranks as one 
of the meet popular of Keble'e compoeitionB. Tbia ii 
tr. Into Latin by It. Bingham, in hie Ammo. Chriit, 
Latina, isti, as "Omni ortente die lecto quum enr- 
gtmus, horaa." 

*. If on our daily course our mind. (et. vlll.) In 
several collections. 



HUJUS DIEI GLOBIA 



541 



dear familiar strain, (ft. I.) In 



t, As for 
limited use. 

The whole poem was given in Dr. Marti- 
nean's Hymns, 4c, 1840 ; and again in his Hat. 
of Pmfse 4 Prayer, 1873. [J. J.] 

Hughes, Thomas, h.a., b. at Donington 
Priory, near Newbury, Berks, Oct 20, 1823, 
and educated at Rugby, and at Oriel College, 
Oxford (b.a. 1845), aud called to the Bar, 
1818. From 1865 to 1868 he was v.f. for 
Lambeth, and from 1863 to 1874 for Frome. 
Appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1869. Ho 
has published BBveralpopular works, including 
Tom Brown'* School Vayt, 1856 ; 27»e Scouring 
of the White Hone, 1838; Torn Brovm at 
Oxford, 1661, and others. HiB hymn : — 

"OOodof Troth whose living 'Word," 3Vn&,9at. 
of 4 L, wee given to the Hon. Mrs. Norton for insertion 
In ioyt of tie Stnettiary, 18H. p. 08, • collection pnb- 
ilehed fcr a charitable pnrpoee. It ll s hymn of groA 
force, end eeetna to gather up end embody the dlttinc- 
tlve tbonghte and feetlngi which have animated his 
life. It was probeWy anggerted by Hanrlu'a sermon 
on " The Word of God cormuering by BucriSce," In 
Doctrine qf Sacrifice. It is nsoally given In an abridged 
firm, as In the 8. P. C K. Ckwrch &yi. 1SJ1 (« stA or 
W. Q. Horder's Omgregatitmia Eye., ISM (T at.). 
He d. in Maroh, 1896. fW. G. H.] 

Huie, Elohard, m.d., wob b. at Aberdeen, 
1795, and educated at the High School, 
Edinburgh, and the University of Edinburgh. 
Entering upon the medical profession, he prac- 
tised at Dundee for some time, and then re- 
moved to Edinburgh in 18S2. He d. June 10, 
1867. He pub.:— 

Ifa Family FwMi-floefc, being a Bdeetwn of Bymse 
fmathebateuitlime,SntereperteiiaitHa>fa«Oriatnalt, 
and arremged for the ptirwta cf Damettic iForraip. 
By BidMrd Buie, M.D., Bdlnbnrgh, 182S. 

To this jSbI. he contributed 29 hymns. Of 
these the following are given in Lyra Brit, 

1867. 

1. Ash, and ye sluJl get the bleeetng. Tin Mercy- 
Scat* 

3. What is faitfat It Is to see. FtMk, Bcye, and 
Okarity. 

3. Yo worldly cares and themea, be gono. Saturday 



The following cento is also from the .Family 
S.Bk., 1825, No. 250 :— 

4. O ye vbo with the silent tear. Bwriea. It is at, 
t.. iil. slightly altered, and was given In Bldtersteth'a 
CSritt. Ptalaody, 1933, aa by "Whltmore"; In the 
183S ed.,» by "Huie" ; and In hie eon's Pi. (S Byu 
bated on ike c*. ptol., ises.bs ta> "Hull," which la 
proUbly»rateprintftr''Hufe." [J. J.] 

Hujua died gloria. ISt. Jamee the Great.'] 

A hymn for tho Festival of St James the 
Great, Jnly 25. The text, in 8 st of 4 I, is 
given by Mone, No. 697, from a Bheinau its. 
of the flth cent^ ftom an Iltli cent KB, at 
Stuttgart, and from later sources. It Is also 
found in Daniel, i., No. 349, with a. further 
note at iv. p. 176 ; in Waelcenmnel, U No. 179, 
too. St v. 1. 3 (" Junoto sibi Uhristophoro ") 
has been interpreted as referring to St. John 
the Evangelist, who was %piffro^opor as borne 
on Jesns' bosom (St. John xiii. 23). Bnt in 
the Breviaries of Borne, Parie, Loom, Ac, 
St. Christopher is commemorated along with 
St James at Lauds on July 25 ; while in the 
Mozarabic rite only St Christopher and his 
companions are noticed on that day. A tr. by 
Dr. Littledale, " May this bright day, O Christ 
the King," was pub. in the Church Timet, 
July 16, 1864; and again iu the People's H,, 
1867. fW. A. 8.] 



542 



HULL, AMELIA M. 



Hull, Amelia Matilda, daughter of 
William Thomas Hull, was b. at Marpool Hall, 
Exmouth, circa 1825. Her publications in- 
elude ; — 

(1) JTumnj Ay .A. M. S., South Petberton, h.d. [18S0] ; 
(2) Heart Metoditt, IBM ; (3) the Silver Trumpet. An- 
mend; (4) Fruit from, the Tree of Life; (s) A Hymn- 
Book for Children ; (8) Jlejral Musings wnccrniflp the 
King and Bit Wort, n,d. [IS84]. 

Miss Hall also contributed 22 hymns to 
Miss H. W. SoJtau's Pleasant Hymns for Boys 
and Girls, K,». [I860]. From tins collection 
her two popular hymns are taken : — 

l. And Is it true as I am told. The Good Shepherd. 

i. There Is life for a Look at the Crucified One. ijft 
in Cnrttt. [J. J.] 

Hull, William WinBtanley, h.a„ a. of 
John Hull, jr.n., an eminent physician in 
Manchester, was b. at Blackburn, Maicb 15, 
1791, and oduoatod at Macclesfield and 
Brazenose, Oxford, where he took a flrst- 
class Lit. Hum. in 1814, and subsequently 
become n Fellow. At Oxford be nude life- 
long friendships with some, and acquaintance 
with most of the foremost men of his time, 
including Arnold, Koblc, Whntely, Milman, 
Rickards, Card. Newman, Stanley, and others. 
He entered Lincoln's Inn and was called to 
the Oliaueery Bar. He took a prominent 
part in London and at Oxford in the religious 
movements of the day. On retiring from the 
Bar bo resided first at Tiekwood Hull, Much 
Wenlock, and then at Knowle, Hazclwood, 
Derby. He d. Aug. 28, 1873. He published 
several proso works, including Churck In- 
quiry, 1828; Reasons for continuing to Pro- 
testants the whole Legislature of Great Britain 
and Ireland, 1829 ; Disuse of the Athanaeiait 
Creed, 1831 ; Defence of Dr. Hampden, 1836, 
&c. His hymns and poems, chiefly distin- 
guished by their earnest piety, were ; — 

(1) A OoUecHon of Prayertfor ZfbiueAofci Pie, with a 
few Rym.ni and Other Poems, Oxford, J. Parker, 1828 ; 
pi Poemt on Tan'oiii SvtytXts, 1S32; (3)j( OoUeetion 
ofBymntfor General Use, Submitted to Uie Otmtidera- 
t&» of the Kwdn o/ iAc V nitti Church of England 
and Ireland, Load., Hotcliord, 1333. This Colt, is also 
known an A Churchman's Hymns, this thlc being 
printed on the cover ; (41 A second edition of his 1S3B 
Coll. of Prayers, be,., Land., Seeleys, I8SI. Of these 
Hoe. 1 and 3 contained 8S of his original hymns and 
poems. Ko. 3 contained 20ft hymns, of which S3 were 
original and atoned « 0" In No. 4 the texts are 
altered in several instances, and additional hymns and 
poems are also given. 

Very few of Hull's hymns were repeated in 
other collections until 1883, when Dr. Kennedy 
included the following in his Hymno. Chris- 
tiana. Tho bracketed dates are those of 
publication. Several of the first lines are 
altered from the originals, and sometimes 
additions are also given: — 

1. A car of fire is on the air. (1833.) Death and 
Burial. 

3. Comfort ye, people of the Lord : for He. (1828.) 
God merciful in Judgment, 

3. Eternal Spirit, God of all. (1833.) JncreoK of 
faith. 

4. Father of all, Who from Thy throne. (1833.) God 
ever present. 

s. Hear, holy Father, God of heaven. (ISM.) Lent. 
«. Lord God, to Thee we pray. (ISIS.) Xathmai 
ITymn. Altered form of " God save the King.** 

7. Lord, let Thy work be done, (1833.) Jlittioni. 

8. Mercy triumphs, Christ la born. (ISM.) Chritt- 
mat. 

ft. Than, the woman's promised Seed. (1833.) 
Chrittmat. 

10. Once He come, how meek and lowly, (isas.) 
Advent. 



HUMPHREYS, JOSEPH 

11. Our hearts worship Thee, Lord, our voices pro- 
claim. (1833.) Slessednttt of God't People. 

12. Raise up some warning voice, Lord. (1833.) 
Lent. 

13. Son of God, we kneel before Thee, (IBSI.) 
Chriift constraining Love. 

la. The day must come, the Judgment day. (1833.) 
Advent 

IS. The sinful earth was sank in woe. (1S28.) 
Chrittmat, 

le. Tis darkness alt, and dreariness. (1833.) Lent. 

1». To tho God of all creation,' (1833;) IHvine 
Worship. 

18. Wo have a name to live. (1833.) LifcinChrttt. 

19. We have heard the solemn story. (1833.) Rater. 
2ft. We know the Spirit's will. (1833.) The Holy 

Spirit, the Guide. 

21. When on tho blaiing mount the stone. (1833.) 
Giving of (he Omwtndntentt. 

82. Ye that would worship the Lord. (1833.) Pi. e. 

These hymns and others by the author are 
worthy of the attention of hymn-book com- 
pilers. [J. J.] 

Humani generis ceHSent suspiria, 
[Annunciation.} Appeared in the revised 
Paris Missal, 1G85, for the "Feast of the 
Annunciation, and the Incarnation of Our 
Lord " (March 25). The text is also in Card, 
Newman's Hymni Eccletiae, 1838 and 1865, in 
13 st. of 3 1. Tr. by Dr. Neale in the H. Noted, 
1834, as " The sighs and tho sorrows," and 
repeated in the Hymnary, altered to, " Now 
the sighs and the sorrows." [W. A. SJ 

Humble souls who seek salvation. 

J. Faacett. [Follow the Lamb.] The earliest 
(into to which we have traced this hymn 
(although probably it previously appoarM in 
a magazine with which we are unacquainted) 
is in John FeUows's Hys. on, Believer*' Bap- 
tism, 1773, No. 25, in 3 st. of 8 1. It next 
appeared in John Fawcott'a Hymns, &c, 1782, 
No. 117, with the hoading "Invitation to 
follow the Lamb, Matt. iii. 15," and tho fol- 
lowing note : — 

" The Author lays claim to this hymn, tho' it has 
appear'd under another name: he hopes the insertion 
of it, and the following ["Ye saints, with one accord "J 
will give no offence to those of Ids friends who are 
differently minded, as to the subject to which they refer." 

With this note before us, we have no hesita- 
tion in ascribing this hymn to Jokn FmncetL 
Its use is mainly confined to America. [J, J.] 

Humbly, my God, -with Thee I 'walk, 

J, Montgomery. [The walk of Faith."} Writ- 
ten " at Dinsdnle Hotel, Sept. 14, 1835," and 
sent in us. to several persons from time to time 
(it. HBs.). It woe given in bis Original Hymns, 
1853, in S bL of i 1., as No. 167, and is in 
C. U. through a few collections. [J. J.] 

Humphreys, Cecil Frances. [Alexan- 
der, 0. F.] 

Humphreys, Joseph, s.of Ashcr Hum- 
phreys, minister at Biirford, Oxfordshire, was 
b. at Borlbrd, Oct. 28, 1720, and educated at 
a grammar school at Fairford, and at an 
academy; for the training of yonng men for 
the ministry in London. From the latter he 
was expelled, Dec. 25, 1739, because of his 
attachment to Whitofield. For a short time 
ho associated with the Wesleys, but eventu- 
ally joined 6, Whitefleld, and subsequently 
preached at Bristol, London, and Deptford. 
He d. in London (date unknown), and was 
buried in the Moravian Cemetery nt Chelsea. 

He was a contributor to Whltefield's Chris tian his- 
tory (17*1-1149), 1742, &c, and pub., 1T42, An Ac. 



HUNTEB, WILLIAM 

oonnt of Joseph Humphreys's Eipertencci. he As * 
hymn-writer be is net widely known. His hymns were 
contributed to J. Cennlck's Sacral Hymns for the Ute 
of ReUgiaus Societia (Bristol), 1743, pt. ii.. and era 
thus introduced: "These were done by Mr* Joseph 
Humphreys." Of these hymns, two only are in C IT. : — 

t* Blessed are the sons of God. Adoption. 

2. Com*, guilty souls, and flee sway. JhvitoJim. 

These are given in Smirgeon'a 0. 0. H. Bk., less, 
and other collections* Ho. I is the more popular of the 
two. It Is sometimes abbreviated, ana has the con- 
cluding linos of st. Till, added as a refrain to each 
stanm. [J. J,] 

Hunter, William, e.d., b. of John 
Hunter, was b. near Ballyrnoney, County An- 
trim, Ireland, May 26, 1811. He removed to 
America in 1817, and entered Madison College 
in 1830. ITor some time ho edited the Cvn- 
fererua Journal, and the Christian Advocate. 
In 1855 be was appointed Professor of He- 
brew in Alleghany College : and subsequently 
Minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
at Alliance, Stork Country, Ohio. He d. in 
1S77. Ho edited Mimtrel of Zion, 1845; 
Select Mdodtei, 1851 ; and Bongs of Devotion, 
1860. His hymns, over 125 in all, appeared in 
these works. Some of these have been trans- 
lated into various Indian languages. The 
best known are : — 

1. A boms in heaven \ what n joyful thought, 
Heaven a Home. From his Minstrel of Zion, 
1845, into the Meth. Scholar 1 ) H. Bh. t Load. 
1870, &c. 

A. Joyfully, joyfully onward I {we] move, 
Pressing towards Heaven. This hymn is usually 
dated 1843. It was given in his Minstrel if 
Zion, 1845, and Select Melodies, 1851, and his 
Bongs of Devotion, 1959. It has attained to 
great popularity. Two forms of the hymn are 
current, the original, where the 2nd st. begins 
" Friends fondly cherished, haro passed on be- 
fore " ; and the altered fonn, where it reads : 
" Teachers and Scholars have passed on before." 
Both texts are given in W. F. Stevenson's Hynxns 
for Church & Home, 1873, Nos. 79, 80, c. 

1. The [Xy] httvenly home is bright and fair. 
Pressing towards Heaven. From his Minstrel of 
Zion, 1845, into the Cottage Melodies, Hew York, 
1859, and later collections. 

*. The Great Physician new is nsar. Christ the 
Physician. From his Songs of Devotion, 1859. 

S. Who shall forbid our grateful [chastened] 
woe 1 This hymn, written in 1843, was pub. in 
his Minstrel of Zion, 1845, and in his Song* of 
Devotion, 1859. [P. M. B.] 

Huntingdon's Hymn-Booka, Coun- 
tess of. The history of the hymn-books 
issued from timo to time by the Connection 
with which Lady Huntingdon's name is Asso- 
ciated is very involved and obscure. Apart 
from the rarity of tiio original editions, oach 
edition differs widely in contents. Thcroisno 
absolute proof that any edition bofore that of 
1780 was collected by her ladyship, while her 
biographer states that her brother-in-law, W. 
W. Shirley (q.v.), assisted her in tlie compila- 
tion of that edition. If so, such co-operation 
date* from 1770, as in the Bath edition of that 
year Shirley's "Sweet the moments, rich in 
blessing," first appears. Whether before that 
date the work of compilation was entered upon 
by Lady Huntingdon is unknown. Tho Con- 
nection has never issued an edition of the 
authorised book with authors' names, aud it 
is impossible to assign the parts Shirley and 



HUNTINGDON'S HYMN-BOOKS 543 

Lady Huntingdon took in altering the liymns 
of others found therein. It remains therefore 
for us to give details of the various editions 
of the Conneotional hymn-book, aud te add 
thereto such facts of interest as have come to 
our knowledge. The various editions are : — 

i. A CWfcction of Hymn, Zend™, Printed for 
William Lee at Levies, in Smttx, MDCCLX1V. This 
contains 308 " Society Hymns " and " Doxologies," and 
1 which is unnumbered, and 69 "Congregational 
Hymns." 'Ibis edition apparently contained no ori- 
ginals. It is much ^indebted to J. Allen's Kendal H. 
Bk. of ITS? [Inghsmite Hymnody], snd to tho Moravian 
Hymn-books. 

11. 3*e Collection of 2fynnt tvng in the Counteu of 
Huntingdon'* Chapel, Bristol. Jointed by E. Farley 
in Small Street, for The/mat JKUi, Cleric, and to be had 
at fttt Knits in King's Mead Square, Bath, lies. This 
contained the Preface, as in No. Land had 1ST "Society 
Hymns" (I unnumbered) and Doxologlee, 13 "Chil- 
dren's Hymns," and SI "Congregational Hymns" with 
the "Doiologles" numbered^ as 82. A 12mo edition 
was also toned the same year. Many of the Ingbsmlte 
and Moravian hymns were withdrawn in favour of 
Watts and tho Wesleys. 

ill. In Htt appealed the third edition, printed at 
Bub by S. Hatard for Thomas MUi, Clerk, and sold 
at hii Circulating Library, Xing'! Mead Square 
[Bath]. This contained MO hymns, including several 
by W. W. Shirley for tbefirst time[sec Shu-ley, W. W.]. 

Iv. ji CoUedion of Hymnt tuna in the Cou/ntets of 
Huntingdon'! Chapels, Bath. Printed by H7. Gye.for 
T. Mill!, BookteUer, and told at hit taopin Wine Street, 
Brutal. . . . Thit Bymn Book is tetd in itatlt by W. 
Oye only. In this edition the hymns are differently 
arranged to sny of the former editions, snd are given as 
"Hymns" U», "Hys. before Sermon" 20, "after 
Sermon" II, "for Christmas Day" 11, "N. Year's 
Day" 3, "O. Friday" 7, "Easter" e, "Spring" 3, 
"Ascension Dsy" S, " Whitsunday " ft, "on the 
Trinity" 6, " for the Sacrament " 61, "Funeral" s, 
"Morning" 1, "Evening" 3, "Short Hys."9. "Dis- 
missions " i2, and Doxologies and Choruses. To it is 
added with special pagination on Appendix of 8 bymns. 
This division shows the retsth'c Importance attached by 
tlte Connection at that date to vnrlous doctrines and 
ordinances of religion. The position assigned to " the 
Sacrament" Is somewhat striking. The date of this 
edition is not certain, but it must be very near to If not 
absolutely in*. It contains additional original hymns 
by W. W. Shirley (q. v.). Hymns by Oowper, flrigg, 
and W. Williams are Introduced for the first time. 

v, A Collection of Hymnt swig in the Coitntsu of 
Huntingdon'! Chapelt in Suttex. Bdinburght Printed 
for Wi&iam Balombe, k.d. The atwngement of the 
hymns in this edition differs from- the former editions. 
This seems to have been No. 1 revised snd altered, 

vl. The OoUectim of Pu-lmt and Hymns mag in the 
Counteu of Huntingdon's Chapel! in Lincolnshire. 
OainiVreugh : Printed by J. Motley, 1119. This 
contains 3*9 hymns, and some doxologies. It Is not of 
the usual email oblong shape of the Huntingdon hymn- 
books, has appsrently nothing eriglnsl, and was probably 
a collection independently of tbo usual boot. 

vli. These varying editions took the definite shape 
whlcb has been since retained in A Select ColtecUon of 
Hymn* to be universally iung in aU the Cbuntewaf Sun* 
tingdon't chapelt, CoUeetedbji her Ladythip. i.ondsn, 
KttCCMCXX. This contained MS hymns, several doz- 
ologtca and the words of the Choruses in Handel's 
Jteaiah, To this Supplement! were added in ltM and 
1808, In later editions the ChoruBes are omitted. 

vili. Before the issue of the authorised book of 1T80 
the OounUss ellovfed her Preacbere to make their own 
collections if they so desired. Thomas Maxncld's 
mHeeKom containing hymns " never before published," 
appeared in ires, 1768, and 17T8 ; the OoHection by 
Herbert Taylor and W. Jones (to which Cowper and 
Newton coutribnted) In 1117; and a Collection for 
Cnmberland Street, Shoredltch, together with others 
wbich might be named. 

Ix. Since the issue of the authorised edition of 1780, 
various Independent Sttpptementt have been published 
ssTOe Bcawtiet of Dr. WoXtt vMh popular Hymnt from 
the hat Aufhori, and Various Origxnalt: intended at 
a Supplement to the (Xmntctt of Hunttngdon't Hymn 
Boot. &leeitd by Thomas Xoung, Minister in thdt 
Connexion 1818, and Pralmt and /Jjrnint Selected by the 
Rev. Joseph Soriain, A.B., of Trinity College, Duofitt, 
Minitter of the late Counteie of Huntingdon'! chapel, 
Brighton (and dedicated " To the Congregation "), mtl. 
T. flawels s [q.v.) Carmlna Chritto ; or, Hymni to tne 



644 HUNTINGDON, 8ELINA 

Saviour, IMS, it also sometimes found bound up with 
tne authorised collection. 

In compiling the authorised edition of 1780 
the Countess was assisted by W. W. Shirley. 
How for either or both wen responsible for 
the previous editions ire cannot say. It seems 
to us likely that they were jointly responsible 
for Nog. ii., lii., and tv. ; that possibly Nog, i., 
v.. and vi. were the work of others, y, and vi 
being largely influenced by ii, fit, and iv. ; 
and that vii. was certainly their combined 
work, in whioli the Countess bore the re- 
sponsibility. [W. T. B.] 

Huntingdon, Belina, nee Shirley, 
Countess of, daughter of Washington, Earl 
Ferrers, was b. Aug. 24, 1707; married to Theo- 
philus Hastings, 9th Earl of Huntingdon, June, 
1726 ; and d. in London, June 17, 1791. At 
at early age aha received serious religious im- 
pressions, which continued with her, and ruled 
her conduct through life. She was a member 
of the first Methodist Society, in Fetter Lane, 
Loudon, and tho flnrt Methodist Conference 
was held at her house in June, 1744. Her 
sympathies, however, were with the Calvinism 
of G. Wnitefleld, and when the breach took 
place between Whitefield and Wesley she 
joined the former. Her money was freely ex- 
pended in chapel building, in the founding of 
Trevecca College, Sooth Wales (now CEes- 
hunt), and in the support of her preachers. 
A short time before tier death the Connection 
which is known by. her name was founded; 
and at her death it numbered more thra sixty 
chapels. For nse in these chapels she com- 
piled A Select Collection of Hymns, details of 
which and its various editions are given under 
Huntingdon's Hymn-Books, Couutes* of, Her own 

part in hymn-writing is most uncertain. The 
hymns, "Come, Thou Fount of eyery bles- 
sing,*' and "0 when my righteous Judge 
shall come " £q. v.), have been specially 
claimed for her, but upon insufficient testi- 
mony. No mention of these hymns as being 
by her is made in her Life and Timet, 1889. 
Miller says, " although the Countess was not 
much known as a hymn-writer, yet it is proved 
beyond doubt that she was the author of a few 
hymns of great excellence " {Singer* & Song*, 
1869, p. 163) ; but he neither names the hymns, 
nor submits the evidence. It fs most uncertain 
that she ever wrote a hymn ; and it is quite 
clear that upon reliable evidence not one bas 
yet been ascertained to be of her composing. 
Her history and that of her Connexion are 
elaborately set forth in The Life and Timet of 
Selina, Camtett of Hvntiitgdon, Lond., Fainter, 
1839. [J. J.] 

Huntington, Frederio Dan, d.ii,, was 
b. at Hadley, Massachusetts, in 1819, and 
graduated at Amherst College, 1839, and 
Cambridge Divinity School, 1842. From 18*2 
to 1855 he was an Unitarian Minister in 
Boston ; and from 1855 Professor of Christian 
Morals, and University Preacher, at Harvard. 
In 1859 he received Episcopal Ordination. 
He was for some time a Rector in Boston ; 
and in 1869 he was consecrated Bishop of 
Central New York. With Dr. F. D. Hedge 
he edited the Unitarian Hymn* for the CfcureA 
of Chriet, Boston, 1853. This collection 
contains three of his hymns:-™ 



HUEDITCH, CHABLES B, 

1. Love Dtrtne, lay on me burdens If Thou wilt, 
Supplieatien. 
a. O Thon, In Whose Sternal Name. Ordination. 
3. O Tbou tbat once on Honb stood. God in Nature. 

The cento, " Father, Whose heavenly king- 
dom lies," in the Jiy*. of the Spirit, Boston, 
1864, is from No. 2. Dr. Huntington has also 
edited, with Dr. Hedge,Elim; Ho*, of Holy Be- 
/resAwewt, a collection of Sacred Poetry. From 
this work his hymn for Burial, " So heaven is 
gathering one by one," is taken. [F. M. B.} 
Huntington, Emily, [Miliar, e,] 
Huntley, Lydia, [Sfgounwy, I.] 
Hupton, Job, was b. in 1762, at a small 
village near Burton-on-Trent He was brought 
up to work at a forge, but after his conversion 
through the preaching of the Bev. John 
Bradford, one of Lady Huntingdon's minis- 
ters, whom he beard at Walsall, he began to 
preach ; and after a few months at Treveccrt 
College, was himself employed by Lady Hun- 
tingdon for some years as one of her itinerating 
ministers. Having changed his views on the 
subject of Baptism, he became, in 1794, pas- 
tor of the Baptist church at Claxton, iu Nor- 
folk, where lie laboured with mnch Euocesa for 
many years. He d. Oct. 19, 1849. 

HtiptOD wrote much both in pn»e and verse, his com- 
positions appearing In the (Joipet Jftwaiine under the 
signatures of " Ebeneter." " Eliakim,* and " J. H— n." 
Hleproee writings were collected and pub. in 1843, under 
tne title Hie Truth at it it in Jinn. Inl8Sl,D. Sedg- 
wick reprinted his ^mnt A Spiritual Poemt, with a 
brief memoir. 
Of his 22 hymns three only are in C. U. : — 

1. Come ye saints and raise an antbem. Praia. 

2. Glorious, high, and lofty One. J*e /Mminion of 
God. In tiorjpd Magazine, June, 180S. 

3. Jesus, Omnipotent to save. Lent. 

The nrst of these, "Como ye," &e. (q.v.X 
In ils altered form by Dr. Neole, is in exten- 
sive use, the, rest are in a few hymn-books 
only. Hupton had a bold and vigorous ima- 
gination and great command of language. If 
in early life he had enjoyed better educational 
advantages, be would probably have attained 
to eminence as a poet, [W, B. S.] 

Hurditch, Charles Bunsell, was b. in 
Exeter, Deo. 20, 1839. In 1854 he underwent 
a spiritual change which led him subsequently 
to undertako religions work in some of the 
villages of Devonshire, and afterwards to 
succeed the late Mr. Henry Hnll as the Secre- 
tary of the Young Men's Christian Assocdatiou, 
Stafford Street, London. In 1865 he pub- 
lished The London H. Bk. for Prayer Meeting* 
and Special Service*. This was revised In 
1880. In 1873 he also published The Enlarged 
London H. Bk., a CoUeetion of Hymns for 
Public, Social, and Private Uee. Of the 
smaller work more than half a million copies 
have been sold ; and of the enlarged book 
the 86th thousand was issued in 1881. To 
the first (1865) he contributed Nos. 10 and 11 
given below : the rest were published in the 
second book (1878). 

l. Arise, ye saints, arise and sing. Ood it IAgU. 

3. Arm of the Lord, awake 1 Exalt the Savtatr slain. 
Sent Mi ttiont. 

3. Come, Join the hosts above. Praitt afjetut. 

4. Farewell to the present, farewell. Friend* 
partita. 

6. lie dies! He dies! The Son of God moat holy. 
Good Friday . 
t. Hear the gospel's Joyfnl sound. Invitation. 
1, Jesus, do Thou my vision fill. Jetiu Alt in All, 
B, I«t us by faith draw nigh,- JToJjf CpjMnWiWfl. 



HUELBUBT, WILLIAM H. 

». Lord, grant Thy Spirit's mlgbty power. Divine 
wtirtkip. 

19. Lori Jesus, we prey, /ftowd jtdMnf &ttod. 

11. Cnrtat, Thou heavenly Iamb. Divine Power 
Retired. 

13. Gad of (II lore! Thy presence here prove. 
Diwine Wertkip. 

is. Bend Name t Him* of power. Itamt of 



BUTTON, JAMES 



545 



H. sinner, wilt thou further go? - Jgpeal and 

]i. O Sovereign Lard of earth and heaven. Holy 
Baptitm. 

16. Only Jeeus would I see. Join Only. 

H. Rejoice, rejoice, ye taint*, njotce. Rejoicing in 
theLori. 

IB. Salvation's song be given. Praia to Jttut. 

It. Soon Bbell these qyes, my Saviour, see. praite to 

H. Soon shell we find oar Journey o'er. Ntariitg 

It. Stflp, thou heavy-laden stranger. Chritt't Cm- 
pattian. 

Si. The atoning blood Is flawing, Xtdtmptim. 

33. These sappucatlont hesr. Lest. 

M. Till we meet Thee la glory. Cbmtaney deeired: 

IB. We Mess Thy precious Heme. Muse v/ Anit. 

H. What wondrous grace In Christ we see. CfcruCi 
intstttity. 

IT. Ye dying sons of men j Christ cills, So. Invi- 
tation. 

Of these hymns, No. I was written as a 
eomr*nion hymn to "Come, let us all unite 
and sing. God is love ; " No. 2, " about 
1859 ; " No. 11, when lie received the imitation 
to proceed to London, as noted above ; No. 15, 
far the baptism of hie youngest son ; and No. 
25 for a Conference which was held in London. 
All Mr. Hnrditch's hymns are characterised 
by gmt simplicity and earnestness. [J. J.] 

Hurlburt, William Henry, was b. at 
Cbarlestown, South Carolina, July 23, 1627, 
and educated at Harvard. Ho also studied at 
Berlin, Paris, and Bome. In 1848 he contri- 
buted the following hymns to Longfellow and 
Johnson's Unitarian Book of Hymn*: — 

I. Hy God, in life's most doubtful boar. /bit* <ts- 
tirtd, or, the Power of truti. 

J, We pny for troth and peace. AUK duffed. 

S. We will not weep, for God Is steading by ns. Ik 
Might of Faith. [FT M. B.] 

Hum, William, b. at Broccles Hall, 
Norfolk, Dee. 21, 1751. H!b education was 
superior, enabling Mm, in 1777 to tako the 
post of classical tutor in the Free Grammar 
School, Dedham, Eases. In 1779 he entered 
the army, but resigning his commission in 
1780, he was ordained by Bishop Young of 
Norwich, In 1781. Afttr holding various 
etnaeies, including Brighton Broome, Btow- 
market, ftcx, he was presented in 1790 to the 
Vicarage of Debenham, Suffolk. In October, 
1822, be resigned his Vicarage, and in April, 
182% undertook the pastorate of the Congre- 
gational chapel at Wnodbridge, in the same 
county. This he retained to his death, Oct 
9, 1829. H:s poetical works included : — 

(0 Heattk oat, a deecrlptlTe poem, lTM ; <2) Mw- 
£n0t 0/ Pout, a Lyric Poem, 11 84 ; ts) Laughter in 
Anil, appended to /"reparation for Death (i Sermon), 
ltM ; end M Ptalmt * Ufimt, the amsitr part ori- 
oinoli and the rejected eotnpoeitione attend with a view 
topurityqf Doctrine and General Ueefulnen. By W. 
Sara, Wear tf Dcbtnhom. Ipswich, J. Kaw, ifsis. 
This contented ill hymns, sod s nosology. Of these 
ass were by Hani. After eeosdtag sum the Church of 
England this collection was enlarged and pub. as 
J]|m« and Spiritual 3onat t with Metrical Vertioni 
from the Putins .* designed to tease the Otristfan Dec- 
trine according to the Analogy of Ifcrivturt, by com- 
Wntitj Knowledge and fractKe, or the Itaittei with the 
FrincipUi of Ac Ooipet. Woodbrldge, IBM. This 
contslned t2a of his hymns. 



From the first edition of Hum's collection 
the fallowing hymns are in C. U, :— 

1. Angels rejoiced and sweetly sung, Oariitmat. 

a. Bise, gracious God, and ebiat. Mittiom. Altered 
In the a&lidmry B. Blc. t mi, to " Arise, Lord, «nd 
shine." 

a. The God of troth His Church baa blest. Cod's 
tow of the Church. 

A biographical notice of Hum was giyen in 
the Eeangelioal Manatine, 1829, and his Brief 
Memorials were pub. in 1831. [J. J.] 

Husband, Hdward was ednoated at St.' 
Aldan's College, Birkenhead. Taking Holy 
Orders in 1866, he was successively Curate 
of Atherstone and Folkestone; and in 1878 
Vicar of BL Michael and All Angels, Folke- 
stone. In 1871 Mr. Husband pub. The 
Mmwn Hymnal, in which appeared bis hymns 
as follows : — 

1. Alas! poor world. I loved thee long. Sett in 
Jettu. 

a. And dost Thou ask me, dearest Loid. Chrtet'e 
Invitation, '• follow Me." 

3. I must have Jesus only. Jaut only dttirtd. 

4. Sweet Blood, desr rsnsom of our souls. Hta Blood 
of Jetue. 

These hymns are very simple, earnest, and 
impassioned : and bear a great resemblance to 
Faber's compositions. [J. J.] 

Hushed the storm that lately raved. 
Archbithop E. W. Betuou. [Tke Annuncia- 
tion.'] Written for and 1st pub. in the Wei- 
lingkm College H.Bh., I860, and also included 
the same year in the Bev. J. Moultrie's 
Bugby Parish Church CoUeetion, and subse- 
quently in other collections. [J. J.] 

Hushed was the everting hymn. J. 
J). Burnt. {The Child Samuel'] Pub. in his 
Evening Hymn (a small book of Prayers and 
HymnsX 1857, in 5 st. of 6 1. It is one of tha 
most popular of the author's hymns, is very 
tender, nod worthy of the position to which it 
has attained. [J. J.] 

Huss, John. [Various.] 

Hutten, TJlrich von, was b. at his 
ancestral castle of Steckelburg near SchlQuh- 
teni, on the Einxig (Hesse j Cassel), April 21, 
1488, and d. on the Island of Ufnan, in the 
Luke of Zurich, about the end of August, 
1528. 

Bo te better known ss s herald at tbe Reformation, as 
a ftee lance, sod as a satirist the wss oue of the authors 
of tbe famous Jtotttotae ootctcrorum vfrvnim), thsnsss 
hymn-writer. His complete works, Gennso sod Latin, 
sppesred In T vols, st Leipzig, lssp, ff. One piece le ^^ 

tvh halts gewagt mit Sinsen. [Futriotttm.') Tilts 
piece Is an appeal to popular sympathy for his cause, 
and headed by his motto, *' 1th haba gewagt " (I have 
ventnred It), wss let prlntrd on & broadefaect in 1W1 
(thenoe In Wackemagd, lit P. sss, lu 1 at,), attd soon 
became a favourite song of- the early adherents of the 
Reformation. It Jus been tr. as (1) " I've ventured, 
knowing what I riak'd," in Afadame de Poutee' Porte 
and Poetry of Germany, 1SB*, vol. L p. 30a. (2) " I've 
ventunsl It of purpose Iree," by Mite tRnlntwrtfr, 1SSS, 
P-M. [J. M-] 

Hutton, James, s. of a clergyman and 

cousin to Six Isaac Newton, was b. ui London, 
Sept 3, 1715, and followed for some years the 
trade of a bookseller. In 1739 be visited the 
Moravian settlement at Herrnbnt, where he 
became acquainted with Count Zinzendorf. 
He retired from business in 1745, and was 
ordnincd a diaoonus of tho Moravian Church 
in 1740. He d. May 3, 1705. He contrihnted 
several hymns to tho Moravian If. Bit., 1754. 



546 



HYDE, AKBY B. 



All his hymns were included in an Appendix 
(o his Memoirs, pub. by Daniel Benhain in 
1856. In the English Moravian H. Bk., 188(5, 
the following hymns are by Hutton : — 

1. Besprinkle with Thy blood my heart. Holiness 
cfcrfrci. In tin Moravian H, Bk., 174a, No. 185, it 
begins " Stream thro" the bottom of my soul." 

*i. Brethren, what do you desire? Missions. Moravian 

ii. jsit,n«. 

a. Come faithful Shepherd, bind mo. Sctf-amsocration. 

4. llow shall a young roan cleanse his way? (US*) 
Iliily Scripture. 

5. Tench me yet more of Thy blest ways. Good 
Friday. Sometimes " O tench us more." (Jtf. IT. Bk., 
•>«■) [J. J-] 

Hyde, Abby Bradley, was b. at Stock- 
bridge, Massachusetts, Sept. 28, 179D, and 
married to the Itcv. Lavius Hyde, of Salisbury, 
Mass., Sept. 28, 1818. Sho A. nt Andover, 
April 7. 1872. Her first poem, an Address to 
Mr. Wolfe, tho Jewish missionary, appeared in 
a New Haven paper in 1822 or 1823, and from 
it Dr. Ii. Bacon (q.v.) took two hymns for his 
Jlys. & Sac. Songs for tfte Monthly Concert, 
Andovor, 1823. These hymns havo meiit, 
but are not now in C. U. Asahol Ncttleton 
included 9 pieces by her in his ViUage Hymns, 
1824, and 34 moio were given in the revised 
and enlarged ed. of tho same, 1851. An addi- 
tional hymn appeared in Nason's Congrega- 
tional H. Bk., 1857. Of those hymns tho 
following ore still in 0. U. : — 

1. Ah, what can I a sinner do 1 Lent. From 
Nettleton's Village Hys., 1824, in 5 st. of 4 1,, 
into a few collections. 

3. And canst thou, sinner, slight T Grieve not 
the Spirit. From Nettleton's Village Hys., 1824, 
in 4 st. of & ]., into a, great number of American 
collections, and a few in G. Britain. 

3. Behold the glorious dawning slight. Second 
Advent. From Nettleton's Village Ifys., 1824, 
in 4 st. of 4 1. Limited in use. 

4. Dear Baviour, if these lambs should stray. 
Prayer on behalf of children. In Nettleton's 

Village Jlys., 1824, in 4 st. of 4 ). A touching 
hymn, and widely use J. 

ii. Say, sinner, hath a voice wtUdn I Exhorta- 
tion to Repentance. In a letter to Mr. Nason, 
dated July 10, 1857, Mrs. Hyde says that this 
hymn " was written down from my lips by a 
young sister, when 1 was not able to hold up my 
head from the pillow." It appeared in Nettle- 
ton's Village ffys., 1824, m 6 st. of 4 1,, and is 
in ex tensive use. 

All Mrs. Hyde's pieces In tho Village Hy», 
are signed "Hyde.* r [F. M. B.] 

Hymn of Justinian. [Greek Hymnouy, 
§*.10.] 

Hymnarium. Before the complex office 
book known as the Breviary assumed its pre- 
sent general order and shape at tho close 
of the 11th and beginning of tho 12th cen- 
turies, its various contents were distributed in 
separate volumes. One of these volumes 
was the Hymnarium, Hynmale, or Hymnal, 
which contained tho hymns proper to tho 
various sacred Seasons and Festivals, or as- 
signed to the BflTer&l Hours of the day. Wo 
arc using the word Hymmariwm in this article 
in tho ancient meaning, and without reference 
to the many collections of hymns in modern 
times to which wo ordinarily attach now the 
title of Blymnary. 

In the iirst pait of this, article we shall 



HYMNARIUM 

enumerate, with a necessoi-ily brief description 
of them, certain ancient and important us. 
Hymnaria which havo descended to us, to- 
gether with two ancient Service Books, miscel- 
laneous in character, but akin to Hymnaria, 
and then give a complete list of the first lines 
of all the Hymns. In the second part are 
added the first lines of such later hymns as 
did not become incorporated in tho author- 
ised Breviaries of after times, and ore there- 
fore not included in the iirst lines of hymns 
previously given under the article Breciary. 
This second list also includes a few more first 
lines of hymns drawn from modiawal sources 
ether than Hymnaria, for which it would bo 
difficult to find a place elsewhere. In such 
eases a special reference it givets to tfce press 
mark of the MS.. 

Sometimes a Hymnarium or Collection of 
Hymns is found as an independent volume. 
It was frequently (seo tho mss. described be- 
low) appended to a Psatier; and occasionally 
to an Antiphonary. 

Tart i. — In compiling the first list of first 
lines of hymns an exhaustive use has been 
made of tho following us. Hymnaria and 
Service-books : — 

(a) The Durham Kymnary, ACollcctlonof Latin 
Hymns used In the Anglo-Saxon Church, with an inter- 
linear Anglo-Saxon gloss. Theirs, isof toe 11th cent., 
and is now preserved in the Library of tho Dean and 
Chanter of Durham, B, ill. 33. It was probably written 
in the diocese of Winchester, c. 1050. It was printed 
in 1S51 by the Snrtees Society, forming vol. xxlll. of Its 
publications, and Is referred to In the annotations in 
UiLs££cft0ttoryas tha Latin Hymns of the Angto^laxon 
dmrch, 1851. 

(6) Oottonian MB. [Juliui A. tri.l An 11th cen- 
tury Latin Hymnarium. The text of each hymn Is 
given In its metrical form, and is followed by a prose 
paraphrase with an interlinear Anglo-Saxon gloss. 
The Hymns extend to fol, 12, and are followed by Can- 
tides. (TUIe us. is quoted in this Dictionary as Jul. 
A. u£.) A late 10th century Kataxdar is bound up with 
and is prefixed to this Hymnwriuvi, which his perhaps 
led to this Hymnarivn Itself being sometimes cm) 
uoously assigned to the loth century. This us. has also 
two hymns without glosses : Adtuni,otocii,st f. 11, Ins 
hand of the 13th cent., and O ffcnctrix astemi,a\ f, 89, in 
a hood of the end of the Ilth cent. 

(c) Oottonian KB, [Vespasian I). scii.] An early 
11th century Latin Jjymnarttns, Each hymn is tot. 
lowed by a prose version of the some, accompanied by 
an interlinear Anglo-Saxon translation. The Hymnaru 
extends to fol. 134, and Is followed by Canticles, which 
extend to the end of the volume, and which are dupli- 
cated in a similar way. Atfollosl5S, iss ere two hymns 
("Aeternl Potris" and "Lauds mater") in a hand 
of the 12th cent., and one ("Bex Cbrfste tu "} in a hand 
of the 14th or later. Sect tempas idoneum, at f. 122 b, 
is in a band of late 12th cent. (This as. is quoted In 
this i>iclftmary as Vesp. D. *f».) 

(d) Haileian MB., (Ml. This Is a Catttctariian 
or inchoate Breviary, without the Ftalter. It was 
written in the lltn century, and once belonged to 
LcoMc. flrat Bishop of Exeter, 1060-tJ. The later 
history of this hs. fs given In the Introduction to the 
Leo/Tic Mittal, 1B83, p. xxvllt. The Oollectarium occu- 
pies the flret port of the us. (ff. l-ais), and la followed 
by the Hymnarittm (ff. 218-2M). Tho Sequences of 
this us. sro Indexed under Sequences. (This us. Is 
quoted in this Dictionary oa fflwi. ML) 

(e) The Anttphonary of Bangor. A 1th century 
lis. Irish Service Book, originally belonging to the 
Monastery of Bangor* County Down. It is proved from 
Internal evidence to have been written sao-eoi, during 
tho life-time of Abbot Cronan. It is now preserved In 
the Ambrosion Library at M liau. It bos wen printed 
in Muratorl'a Anecdota fiibliotktctt Atabnsiatue, voL lv, 
pp. 121-lIfl ; and M Igno's Patrol. Curt. Lai. lxxil. ss*. 
It has no claim to the title of Antipfumarjf, but tt is a 
collection of miBceUoueous devotional pieces, including 
several hymns. 



in Irian 



HYMNABIUM 

Book of Hymns i or, Ltbec Hymnotum, 
An~Irleh ms. collection of devotional pieces, Including a 
few, hymns. Two copies of this as. MB In existence, 
both now st Dublin, and both written ibout the 1Mb 
century. Tie Trinito College (Dublin) copy boa been 
P*rtW published by the irM Arcftwlctfteal and OUfc 
Abe*!?*, voL xvii. It Is being edited by Br, J, H.Todd. 

(3) CO.C, Ml. Tht> is a Prater written soon 
after A.6. 10U, ml now »tCorpn» Christ! College (coo), 
Cambridge (us. No. 391). It seems to hive been written 
at Winchester, and thence to have passed to Worcester 
before it fell into Arcbbp. Parker's Gauds. ThePsatfcr 
Is followed by a complete Bynnaritm, tod that again 
by a complete Oolltctariajn, or inchoate Breeiary, with 
miscellaneous demotions at Its close, 

(A) Add. MM1. This us. 1* of the 1Kb cent., and 
is now in the British Museum. It Is a Service Book of 
tbc ancient Cbuteh of Spain (JSitomWej, and contains 
»P*oKfflbllowedbySortutnrecantlclea;tlieniayiiuMi- 
rtustj and lastly, miscellaneous Offices with bymns. 



HYMNARIUM 



f>47 



Some leaves of the armarium are missbig, and so, e.g. 
" Fsallot altitude," begins Imperfectly on f. 133 1 and 
"Hlerusolom gloriosa begins imperfectly on f. 136. 
The hymns found among the Offices at tie end are 
marked In the following list as A*. 

(j) Junius £1. This Is one of the use. bequeathed 
by Frsncis Junius to the Bodleisn Library. It was 
probably written c 890 A.o.; and contains M hymns 
with an interlinear Frisian gloss. Junius nude several 
transcripts °T these hymns (e.g. Janiut no). A good 
ed. by B. Stovers, from the original lis., was pub. as 
Dk Mwtacktt BSnntit, at Halle, 1074. 

(&) EaiL 191$. This vs., in the British Museum, 
fg of the L2tb cent., and contains a complete ifyntnaritua, 
Being of later date than the ms. a-], it is not cited in 
the case of bymns found In three or more of tie earlier 
srss. 

In the following list of hymns the letters a, b, o, 6T, t, 
fy ffi o» i, h Indicate the Mas. named above in which ttiay 
are found. Tho orthography bos been modernised. 



First line of Hymn. 


M3S. 


Use. 


A soils onus cardlne, Ad UBquo 
Ad brevem so mortis usnni . 
Ad coenam Agnl provldl 
Adest diet Chriete oonsecratlo 
Adest mtranda passlo . 

Adstantea parlter sexue. 
Adsunt,0 populi, testa celebrla 

Aeterna Chriitl munera Apostolon 
Aeterna Christi manors, Et martyj 

Aeterne rerum condltor. 
Aeterne rex alttsslmc . 

Ales diet nuutlus . 
Alleluia dulce carmen . 
Alleluia pile edits laudlbue . 
Alma Gregorll merltis praccipue 
Alml prophets* progenies pla 
Almum sldereae jam patriae . 
Altus proalfajtor vetustus dierum 
Andreas pic sanctorum ruttissime 

Ann! peractls menslbue. 

Ann! peracto ctrcnlo 

Annue Chriete aaecolorum Dominc 

Antra deserti tenerls sub annia 

Apoetolormn psssio 

Arbor decora st fulglds , 

Audor salutis unlcus . 

Audi Redemptor gentium 

Audits omnes amantes Deum 
Aurea luce st decors roeeo . 
Aurora jam sparglt polum . 
Aurora Inds nttllat 

Ave maris Stella . 

Aveto ptaddie Praesul snubllls , 

Barchlnon laeto Cucnfate vemana 
Bartholomaeo coell sldus , 

Beat* Simon et Tsddcs inclito 

Blna coslesUs aulae lamlnarfa 
Bis novem noster populus sub uno 

Osntemus In omni die condnentcs . 
Catervamatrumpersonat . 
Celebra Juda fast* Christi gaudla . 

Chorus novae Hterusalem . , 

Chriete coelorum babitator alme 


•urn 


• 


a. 6. 
a. 6. 
ft. 

a. 0. 
ft. 
h. 

h. 

a. e. 
a. b. 

a. b. 

a.ti. 
a. b. 
a. b. 

A. 
a. e. 

a. b. 

a. c. 
ft. 
b.c. 

0. 

A 

b. c. 
o. 6. 

<L b. 

a. b. 

e./, 
a. o. 
a. b. 
a, b. 

a b. i 
a, 

a. b. 
a. b. 
a. 6. 

a.b. 
<LA 

i 

c. 
a. 


c.d. 
c.4 

e.g. 

i.h. 
d.g, 

c d, 

eg 

c. (Z. 
c.d. 
c.d. 

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c. d. 

*. Q. 

1. 

C (I; 

c d. 
c.d. 

la. 
c. a. i 
e. p. 

i d. i 

C d. ; 

t«.l 

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i.i. '. 

h.i. ', 

(F. . 
'"a * 

7- • 

9- ■ 
7. • 
g. . 

r.k. . 

l' • 

>. '. 
J- 


Epiphany. Liuds, 

Christmas. Lauds. 

Sit. In Esster Weet. Vt. of " Da, puer." 

Low Sunday. Vespers. 

Consecration of a Bishop. 

St. Vincent. 

Holy Trinity. 

6«.£ugema. 

fit Hlppolytus. 

Victory ofHeraclius, 

First Watch. 

C. of Apostles. 

C. of Martyrs. 

Friday. Lauds. 

Matins. 

Sunday. Lauds. 

Ascen^onn 

St. Mary Magdalene. 

St. Agnes. 

Cbristinae. 

Tuesday. Lauds. 

Septuageslma. 

Septuageslma. 

St. Gregory. 

Natlv. St. John Bapt. 

SeotuaRsalma. 

By St. Colnmba. 

St. Andrew, 

K. of "Urbs beats Htertuslem." 

Pentecost. 

Birthday of a King. 

C. of Apostles. 

St, John Bspt. Ft. of « Ut qucttnt." 

83. Peter and Paul. 

Pt or "Veillla regie." 

Passlontide. 

Lent. 

Christmas at Matins. 

St. Caemhlach. 

St, Patrick. 

SS. Peter fc Paul. 

Saturday. LAUds. 

Easter. 

Holy Trinity, 

Bt. Dnnstan. 

B, V. M. 

St. Augustine. 

St. Cucufatus. 

St. Bartholomew. 

Pontecoet. 

SS. Simon A Judo. 

Monks of Bangor. 

St. John Apostls. 

The IB Martyrs. 

B V M- 

Boly' Innocents. Ft. of " A soils." 

Apostles, 4c. 

Teres. 

Eister. 

To Christ. 

Dedication of a- Church. 



548 



HYMNAEIUM 



First lino of Hjrtnn, 



Chrlflte cunctorum nominator alma 
CbrLste hac bora tcrtia , 

Cbrlate qui lux e* et dte* 
Chrlete Redemptor omnium, CrHwerva ♦ 
Clirlste Redemptor omnium, Ex Patre . 
CbrUte Rex mundl Creator , 
Chriate sanctorum decna angelorum 
Chrfste sanctorum dccus atqua rirtus 
Chriate splendor glorlao ♦ * 
Curtate tu rerum opifaxque operum 
CurlatL catoTra clamltet « 

Chrfstus est virtua Patrls sapfentia 
Christu* est vita, ventena In orbem ♦ 
Chrlataa in nostra insula quae vocatur . 
Clara mftgniqiie sanctorum pruparantur 

gaudfa tin lie lff& this begins with tf, 11. 

" Myeticum melos ") 
Clara sanctorum una HleruBaLem . 
CUrum decus Jejuni * * 
CLaiuusauriuin meatus • 

dementis faum celebmtur liodft 
Coelcstia aulas tiobllls , . t 

Ooeli Deiie Mfloclsalonfl . 
Ooell Ycrnantem patrlam » 

Cofiditor alma aiderum * 

Confessor bit probabilia , 

Gonaara patera! lumlnta* ♦ 
Cords natua ex parentis » 

Cuitor Dei memento , 



De Pstrie e«o lnmlne . 
Decus escratl nominia * 
Del fida qua vivimua , 
Deua aeterni luminia . 
Deua creator omnium Polique Rector 
Deus ignea foue anltnaruu. » 
Den* Immenai Trlnltaa, Unites, * 
Deus Pater ptlssime . * * 
Deua qui certis leg* bua , . ♦ 
Deua qui claro lumim * * 
Deus qui coell lumen as , 

Deus tuorum mHitum , 
Dicamus lauties Domino 
Dicamus omnca carnul 
Diei luce rcddita . . . . 
Doctor egregle Paulo mores Imtmc 



Eadmundus martyr Inclltua . 

Eccejam noctla touuotur umbra . 

Kcce microtia veluti aldcra * 

Ecca qnem vntea vetuatLs 

Ecce toChriste tibicsru semper 

Ecce teropua ldoncum • , * 

En martyria L4uren(ii . 

En pater/glortac rntilum gaudiia cunctia 

EnLxa eat puerpera 

Ex more docti mystico , 

Exaudl Cbrlate nos pueris 

Ettimum Testia saenrtae 

Exultet aula ooellca 

Exultet coelum Jaudlbus 



Faeno jacero pertullt , 
Favena rademptla vota abstlnent.ae 
Felix per onmea lestum mundl cardines 
Feativa lux emtcult , * * 
FeatlTa aaeclia colltur , » 

Faatum Cbrial* rex, per otb^m 
Fe*tuni Cdlent** tetebrc 
Fit porta Chrieto pervia 
Fona Deus oetemae pads 
Fona Deua vltae perennla 
Fratres nnanim«a fbedere PcxiH 
Fulgentta auctor aetberia » . + 



Gabriel Del arcbangclua * 
QalLo cabentc vtnfmus . 
Oattdata floras tnartymm 
tfaude vlBcerllraa mater in lntimfc 
Germlnc nobllts Eulalla. 



H*c notUa bora prsascLui 
Flic dnorum cara fratrran 



MSS. 



a. b. c. d. h* 



a. 6. t. d. g. A*.f H 
a. b, c. d h ^ b A* * 
a, 6. c* d.#, , 



a. b. e. d. ff. 
d. b, c, d. g* 



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a. b, e. d. g t 



o. & c- d. ^ ( 
iV. * * 
a. b. c. & p. fc* 
dt * « 
4. . 



a. &. c* d. g. i. 

a. b. c. d. y. 



a, ft. e. d. g. \. 



i. . 
a,b.d. 



a. b. c. d. j, 
A. L 
ft. . 
A. . 



A. . 

A. . 

a. b. c. d. 

a. e, ti. 

A. . 

A. , 

fc. . 

a. b. c, &. ff, h. 



A. . 

A. . 
e. ff, t. 

a, 6* c. d. f . 
ft. . . 



fl» c. d, A. 
A. . 
A. . 
it. . 

i. , 



a. c. d. 
A* . 
A. . 
d. . 
A. . 



Vtt. 



Dedlcttton of a Ctmrcli. 

CbrtattnM, « Taw. 

OamplliH. 

Cbrltteu. 

All Siinta. 

F<it tbe Deri. 

St. BsunUct. 

St. Michael. 

See "O Ghriste splendor.'* 

St. Clenwnt. 

let S. In AdTeut 

St. Jerome. 

St. Stephen, 

St. Bridget. 

SS. F*oetue, JuiduIuj mnd Marttil, 



St. Junes Apostle. 

Lent. 

Th. in Easter Week. Pt_ of "Ss.puer." 

St. Clement. 

St. Angustiae, 

WedDeedAy, 4t Vespon, 

St. Oswald. 

Advent, *t VesperB. 

G. of Coni^uorH. 

Tneeday. IfUlns. 

Chiletnus. Pt. of " Da, pner," 

Lent, it Compline, I>i, of "Adas, rater.' 



Pentecost, it Sext, Pt. of « Jam Cbiietus.' 

St. Andrew. 

Lent, at Terce. 

Matins. 

Vespers. 

At Snrlal. 

C. of a Just Han. 

Vespers. 

Midnight. 

VeineM. 

Matins. 

C. of a Martyr, 

Sext. 

Pt. of' ' Ei more doetl." 

Matins. 

St.P»nl. Pt. of'-Aurealuce." 



St. Edmund. 

Suuday. Lauds. 

St. £uphemta. 

Pt. of "Da, pucr." Easter Mondiy. 

Dedication of a Church. 

Lent. 

St. Lawrence. 

St. Martin. 

Pt. of " A soils ortus." 

Lent. 

St. Bartholomew. 

Ewter Tuesday. Pt. of * Da, pner." 

St. Nicholas. 

C of Apostlca. 



Pt. of "A soils." Christmas. 

Mid I-ent. 

SS. Peter and Paul. 

St. Martial. 

AU Saints. 

St. Thomai. 

St. Mary Magdalene. 

AssitmptJon of B. V. M. 

SS. Fuonndns and Prlmlcabus. 

St. Felix. 

St. Martin. 

Matins. 



Asanmp. of B. V. M. 
Ft, of " Xoctls tempus." 
Baints' Days In Advent. 
Nativity of B. V. M. 
St. Eulalla, 



OockcroiT, 



Pt. of " ^Tnctla tempu? .' 
Pt. of ^^Scripta *itnt, TI 
ChpUdoiiius. 



Cockcrow. 
S3. Emeteriue, 



HYMNABIUU 



549 



Ftnt line of Hymn. 



MSB. 



Uee. 



Hie eet dies vera* Del . 
hie Johanna mire natue 
Hlc aalue eegris medicine feeeta 



Hiaruaalen glorioea 
Hine functtonla dlee eet 
Hots mnu quia ceuimufl 
lEtnliit 



Hue we grstiftc*, plebi pi* couvocat 
Hymnum canemua Domino Hymnl navl 
Hymnum cenemut glartee Hymnl novi 
Hyrditmu eaotemue Domino Hymnum 
Hymnum dlcet hub* fimtram 



Ignie Creator tgtteus . 
Iminenee eoell condttor . 
InteChrlite, en&atlam 
xaTtnuteteepteiueanx* 
IncUt* Peter toper 



Inclttl latum podoria 
Incltta ngt polorum 
Infantum nieritia indite gandte 
Inventor rutUi dux bins lumLnls 
Ma conftaaor Domini aecratue 



Jacob* Juste, Jan frater Domini . 
Jem bone peetor Petre . . , 
Jem, Cbrlate, eol juethiie 
/tin Chiietue eetr*. lecenderat 
jun lade orto eldere * » « 
Jun rutllat eicrete dta 
Jeeu coron* Tlrglnum . 
J«u defeneor omnium < . • 
Jan noetre redemptlo . 
Jeeu qutdrigneiiae 
Jetu redemptor omnium. Perpee corone 
Jean redemptor eaecuU, Verbum Petrls 
Jttai refuleit omnium , ♦ * 
Jean Unlor saeculi, Bedemptts opo 
Jueundli pengat aaeenle 
Jncundum noma hunc diem . 



Judaea tunc tncredula 



i. . 

*. 

a. I.e. a. 

k. 

h. . 



a. b. i!. it p. It. 



b. c g. k. . 
& 6* c. d, p, 

*. 



e, 

a. b. c. d. p. 



*, 

ft, . 
*. . 

a, 

d, b, c. d. p. 



a. b. c. d. p, 
a.*. .A 
e. k. , 

O. 0. «. 

a. b, c, d, _ 

a. o. c. <& p. 
a. o. c d, g, 



a. b. e. p. 

a. b. «■ p. 

a. b. e, d. p. 

aV 

a. b, c, d. g. 

\*.k. 



a, b. e. 



Leetut boo festum coltt unlMnua , 
LuvttM Cbriitl venltun 
Lend* meter eccleele . 
Laudem beetle EuLeliee 



Leudem Chrieto plebe d 

Lenree regnl rediinttui uHm 

Lime et corone nrilltum. 

Lucie auctor demons, lumen lmmensum 

Lnde creator optlme 

i *ex out Jem pertcta ■ 

Lux Dene Gbilete, pwtu redunduu 
Lux eeo* enrglt uu«* . 



Hague Dene notentliB . 



Megan* mnee mlnbUls * 

Hurt* ooell le^u . 

Merle meter uomlni 

Uefle Tirpje vltglnum * * 

Menial! ponUfld Aqoltenoram prlndpl 

Heitlue ooafceeor Del . 

Mutlne te deprtoor 

Mertlnna megnue pontlfex • 

Martyr Del qui unlcum . 

Mutyrla Chfletl coltnmi tilumpbum 

Menyrie ecce dla Agetbee . 

HetUieee aencte Wdo pollene mumere 

MattbUJnute duodeno eotlo . 

Mediae noctle tempera • 

At erldle orendum evt 

Hyaterlorum algnlfer . > 



NoWo ecce dlei ordme congruo 
Necta eoi^entea TlgUemua omnea 
Koetta tempuejam pneterit 
Noctle tatree pniDOTute . 
Noll, Peter, Indnlgere . 
N<»x aare rernm oontagit 
Hoi et tenabraa et nuUle 



A* 

a. b. c. d. g 

«.k. 

K 

OL b. c A p. 



a. b. c d. g. 

a. b. e, d. g. 
<t.5.e.iL g. 

a. e* &. 
a.c. d. 

k. . 
a.k.. 

f. . . 



a.b.e*d.g. h. 
a. c. 
k. , 

$.b.c.d. g. 
a.b.t-&. g, 
t.i. 



a.b.cd.g.i. 
b. t. d, g. 



a* b. c. dL ff. 
*• . 
a* . 

/. . . 
a. b* c. d. p, 
£L b» c. d\ p. 



Beater. 

Deooll. 9t, John BapHet. 

DedkaUon of a Chnicli. Ft. of " Cbrlete cone. 

toroin." 
St.Adrfen, 
Of1 
Noue, 



Itpheny. Pt. of "Aeolh." 
LVfnoent, Bebina end Chryetete. 



Aecenelon. 
St. Stephen. 
To Unlet (t 



(brSt-Huere), 



Benediction of Candle*. 

Tueedey. Veapere. 

By St. Colombe. 
St. Michael. 
StOaweU. 
Oomnetlou of 4 King, 
St. Cecil La. 
St. Frlmiciua. 

Holy Ionooeute. Pt of " Sanctorum tneriOB.' 
baler. 
Con. of e Coufceaor. 



St. Jama the Lea*. 

St. Peter. Pt. of " Auree luce." 

Kaattr. 

I^ntocoat. 

Prime. 

St. Stephen. 

Com. of Virgin*. 

Midnight. 

Easter. 

Lent. 

0. of e Oonfemr. 

YespeTi. 

Bpipbeny. 

All Salute. 

St.MartloL 

S3. Mexlunui and Julta. 

Penteeoat, Pt of " Jam Chrtatue." 



St. Mary Magdalene. 

St. Muy Magdalene. 

St Mary Magdalene. 

St. Eulalle. 

Feetlf el of e Blabop. 

St. Edmund. 

St. Edmund. 

Mret Watoh. 

Vopera. 

PeaslanUtle. Pt. of " Pange 1. g, preelltt 

St. Ancuetlni 

Thunday. 1 



Toumday. Vesper*. 

Et. Benedict. 

St. Cuthbert 

B.V. M. Pt of "Gabriel Del." 

Aaeumptlon of B. V. H. 

B.V.M. Pt.of "OeMelDd." 

St. MirtlaL 

St. Martin. 

St. Martin. 

SI. Martin. 

Com. of a Martyr. 

St Lawrence. 

St Agetha. 

St. Matthew. 

St. Matthlae. 

Midnight. 

Lent at Sext. 

St. Michael. 



St Andrew, 

Nocturne. 

Cockcrow. 4th Sun. in Lent. 

Firet SlTatch. 

By St Colnmbo. 
Thureday. Nocturne, 
Wednesday, 



550 



HYMNABIUM 



First Una of Hymn. 



MSB. 



Uss. 



{Tunc ssncte nobiit Sptritua . 
Nunc tlbi vlrgo virglnum 
Nuntium roots fero de euperuls 



a. b. o. d. ff. 

c. d. p. . 



beata Hieraflalero, praedlcanda crritas 

O beate mundl aootor .... 

Christe splendor glorUe • . . 

O ooelonun alms prtaeepe . . . 

O Dei perenne vefbum , 

Del Yerbum Patris ore prodttnm 

O genltrix aeternl virgo Maria verbl . 

O glorlOB* domhii 

gloriosa femin* . , . . 
O lux belli Trinttas .... 
magra rerumCbriste Rector inclite . 
Niunoe lux Bethlehem Verbom Patris 
Pater sarjcte untie atque pie • * 
Petre, petra ecclealas .... 
quam glorifica luce coruscas . » 
rerum Domino, condltor omnium . 
O sacerdotum incltta corona , 
Tboma Christ! periustrator leterla 
O triplex honor, o ttUbrme cuhnen 
veneranda Trtaitis laudanda 
Obduxere polum nunlla coeli . , . 
Obsldiones obvlas ..... 
Omnium Chriate pariter tuorum . 
OptatuB votis omnium .... 



A. , 

A. . 

a. 6.. 



a. b. e. d, t 
a. c. d, #. 
ft. • 
d-A. 
a. b. c. 



». b. c d. g. 
a. ■ . 



a. b. e- d. g. 
ft. * . 
a. b. 

ft. . 



a. b. c d, p. 
a. b. o. g. , 



Pangs lingua glorfosi; Praeliuin cerUrnlnis 

Farce, Domlne, parce populo tuo 

Perfecto trino numero . 

Flaflmator bominle Deua , 

Flnodat polorum. laudibus 

Plets Deo dlcatfe pollens 

Poculum esto Tltae slrtlentlbus 

Post matutinas laudes . 

Post nt omasum Tesolvit 

Pracco benigne et decus ecclealsc 

Pr&enuntlatrix usls ttxtmU . 

Precamur Patrem Begem . 

Prime dierum omnium • , 

Prompta cuncta Oathollcaa . 

Proni rogamue Philippe os lampadie 

Fsallat altltudo coeil . 

pucr bio sonat Johannes 



Qua Christus bora eitiLt . * 
Quaosumus ergo. Item nt serene 
Quarts die jam foettdua . . 
Qoeoi terra pantos aetbera . 
Qnletl tempoa adest . 
Quod chorus ratum venerandiu ollm 
ttuod, qnod volntla (convolntis) artnbna 



e. d, k, . 
/. . . 
d. o. e. d. g. i. 
G.b r C.d,ff. 

h. 
A. 



ft. 
a. c. 



a. b. 



e. d. g. V 



a.b. 

ft. 

ft. 



eft. 
a. &. 
A. 

a. b. 
A.* 
a. b. 
A.* 



Rscoidemnr JastltlM . . 
Hector poteua veru Deus 
ttenun Creator optima . . • 
Bexum Deus tenax vigor . • 
Hestant nunc ad Chrfstl nojem . 
ttex a«terne Domtno Cioator Bertua 
Rex angelorum do n d u ator orbls . 
Bex angelorum pnepotene 
Bex Chrlste tactbr omnium 
Rex Chiiate Martini decua 
Rex Cbrlate tu mlrlflcaa 
Rsx glorlofle marQrrum . 
Bomune Cbrietl fortis assertcr Oel . 



.d.g. 



i.d.j. 



«. 

a. b, c. d. g. 
a,b.c.d. g. A* 
a. b, t d. g, 
A. . . 
a.*.*. . 

£ : : 

ct. . . 



tk b. c. rf. o. h 

a. . : 



SacratlssUnl maTtyies . . , • 
Salva crux sancta aalve mundl elorla • 
SalvAtor mundl I>omlne f ... 
Sincta aanctornm opera. 
Saucte Del preUoaa protomartyr Stcpbapo 
Sanctl vcnlte Chrlstf corpus Humlte . 
Saactlsslmao Leocadiie .... 
Sanctorum mcrltia Incllta gauula . 
Scrlpta sunt coelo duorum . 
8ed cur vetuatae gentla exemplom . 
Sexta astate vlrg^e .... 
Sic tcr quaternis trahitur 
Solve vocem mens suuoram . . . 
Somm refectde artubus .... 



a. c. d. 



a. b. c. d. g. ft. 
ft. . . 



o. 

n. c. d. (. 

ft. . 

a. h. c. d. g. ft* 



Terse. 
B. V. M. 

lfyapbauy, 



Bestoratkitt of a Church. 

St. Christopher. 

Of Confessors. 

St. Michael, 

88. Justus and Pastor. 

St. James brother of St, John. 

B.V. M. 

PL of "Onem terra." 

Pt. of "QoemUrra." 

Hot; Trinity. 

St. Acmillan. 

I^nt, at Compline. 

Holy Trrntty. 

St. Peter's Oiair. 

Assumption B. V. V. 

St. Genesius. 

StBabUas. 

St. Thomas. 

St. Fructiwsua. Pt. of "Felix Tarraco." 

Holy Trinity. 

In time of rain. 

«rst Watch. 

Ail Saints. 



BySt. Mtudnt, 
Lent, at None. 
Friday, at Vespers. 
St. Mary Magdalene. 
85. Coemas and Danttan. 
Pt. of " Favena icdemptts." Mid Lent. 



Ptof "D», puer." Sat in Easter Week, 

St. Barnabas. 

St. Mary Magdalene. 

Tbo Apostles, 

Nocturne. Sunday. 

St. Michael. 

St. rhilip. 

Ft of "Do, puer." Law Sunday. 

6t. John Baptist. 



Lent, at Scat, 

JJedle.ofaChnrch. Pt.of "Christecunctorum." 

Pt.of'Asolts." 3rd S. in Lent. 

Annun. B. V. M. 

First Watch. 

Puriflcation B. V. M. 

Midnight. 



St. Conudll. 

Seit. 

Koctnms, 

None. 

SS.NunlloondAlodto, 

Saturday, at Matma. 

St. Oswald. 

Pantontlde. 

Faeetodtldo. 

St, Martin. 

St. Martta. 

C. of Martyrs. 

St. Bomauua. 



C. of Martyrs. 

Holy Cross. 

Vespers. 

Abbots of Baugor. 

St. Stephen. 

Communlou of Priests. 

St. Leocadia. 

C. of Martyrs. 

SS. EmotorluR, Chelidonius. 

Pt. of " Nawrene." Jridays In Lent. 

Christmas, at Scxt. 

Lent. Vespers or None. 

It. of "D«,imei." Friday in Easter Week. 

Monday, at Matins, 



HYMJfABIUM 



551 



First lino of Hymn. 



MSS. 



Use. 



Splritns dlvmae lucls , , , 
Splendor patemae gloriaa , , 
Squalent im soil pukere mutto ■ 
Stu&ns antro bustualis . 
Sumnu Del bonttas 
Bununae Deua dementias 
Summe confessor, eaeer et siccrdos 
Summe largttor praemil , , 
Somme S*lv«tor omnium . 
Burgentes *& te, Soarine , . 



Te centles mlUe leghmum angell ' 
Te depreeamnr Dominant 
To lucls ante termlnum. 
Te lads sudor personent 
Tellurls Ingena condibor, . 
Telhu ac aether Jubilant 
Tempos noetbi surgentUnui . 

Teiuptte BOporl COngTUUlD , 

Temls ter borls numerus 
TLW, Chrfate, splendor Pwrla 
Tu Ilex Redemptor omnium . 
Tu Trinitas Unftas, Orbem . 
Tone Me Judas oanilfti 



a. b. «. it. g. i. 
ft. . " 
ft. . 



Ptof "Bs.pner.' 



a. 6. c. d. a. ft* 
ft. 



a. e. d, 
a. 
a. t, ft* 



ft. ■ « 
ft* . . 

o. 6. e, d. j, 



o. 6. c. d #, 

a, o, . 

t. . 

A* . 

€. Je. , 

a. b. e, d. a. 

ft* , . 

a, b. C d. g. h* 



Sunday at Matins. 

Tuesday at Matins, 

For Rsiu. 

Wed, In Easter Week. 

St. Augustine. 

Saturday. Nocturne. 

C. of Confessors, 

Lent. 

Lent. 

Christmas. Nocturns; 



Saturday before Easter. 

A prayer Is stamaa for chanting, 

CompHno, 

Easter. 

Tuesday, at Vespers. 

M»und>.Thirredsy. 

Mottns. 

First Wstch. 

(No beading or title). 

St. Michael. 

Saturday. Matins. 

Friday, at Nocturne. 

It. of "A sous." Maundy-Thumbi/, 



DrWs magliter Tasdso . 
Urbs beats IHerosaictn . 
Ut queant luis retonare fibril 
ITt tuao yttae Benedlrtc laudca 



Venl Creator Splritna, Mantes , 

Venl redetnptor Pentium 

Varus Redemptor Christo lumon luminls 

Verhum eupermnn piwllens A falro 

Vexilla regis pmdennt . 

Virginia proles oplfexque mniris „ 

Vocis euditse novitaa refu^Ii. 

Votlva cunctis orbits . 

Vox clara ecco Intonat . 



ft. . 
c. ft. k. . 
a. b.cff. , 
a. b. e. d. g. 



d. b. c. g. , 
a. a, 6. d. g. ft 
ft. . , 
a. b. c. &. g. ft. 
a. 0. e. d, ^. 
a. Ii. c, <[.(/. ft. 

ft, 4 . 

it. . 

a, b. B. cl. g. ft. 



St. Cyprian. 

Aomv. of DeOleitlou of a CUurcb, 

St. Joun BapUat. 

Bt. Benedict, 



Pentecost. 
Obrlatmas. 
Consec. of a. THabop. 
AdTeut. at Nocturne. 
Paastontlda. 
0. of Virgins. 
St. Saturnlnus, 
St. Mary Maadalcne, 
Adront, at Matins. 



Part IX.— In this second part arc givoii tho 
first lines of hymns which aro not included in 
the list in the first part of this article ; and 
which are not (with a few exceptions) in tho 
lists given under the article Breviary, In 
compiling this second list tho fbllowiug MS. 
Hyianana are principally cited : — 

(a) Aabnule KB,, 16S*. This is In tho Bodleitm, 
and Ibnnerly belonged to the monks at Canterbury, It 
is of the lath cent., and contains a Psalter, Litany, Col- 
lects and Canticles ; trltb a complete Eyamarimm for 
the ecclesiastical year. 

(r) Aahmela MS., IBS, Also tn the Bodleian. 
A Clnulac Bnombolm MB., and of a similar nature as (jl 
but of the early 11th cent. 

(s) Attditteiul VS., 1«,MI. A US, In the British 
Hosenm. This includos a Bymnarttm of the izth cant. 

(I) Cambridge Vuivenity Idbmry, Kn. tv, 11. 



This is a piper tfyntttarium of the beginning of the 
Kith cent. 

(m) Kitini, Viae., 310. Tills Is In tue Bodleian. 
It is a Psalter wllA a ITynnarim,* of the 13th cent. ; 
apparently wrilteu for use at Padua. 

(x) BaileUn KB., ISM, A ws. of the beginning 
ot tho 14th cent., now in tlie British Museum. It 
contains a Ifymnarimrn apparently written for use at 
Durham. 

(u) Arundal, S40. A MS. of the 14th coot,, now In 
the British Museum, and containing a Ztyntnartun. 

The following lint also lnduuV s a number of first lines 
drawn from mediaeval sources other than Nyainarta, 
for which It would be dlBleult to find a place elsewhere. 
In such casts references are given to the press marks 
of the Mas. The hss, marked CWt., IfarL, Arundel, 
Wat., JliidL am in the British Moseuiu. TlMse nurked 
fjuid, KawUmat, Iligby, Atftmole, Canott, nn tn the 
Bodleian. Those marked c.cc, are lu the Library of 
Curpus Chrlatl College, Cambridge. 



First line of Ilymu, 


Ma. uESd, and where found. 


Use. 


Ad preces nostras Ddtatls . 

Adesto nobis Indite confessor. 
Alma Christ! qnando noes 

Alpha et (1 rn^rne Iteus 
AnKHrem sensns erige • 
Andrsa Chrutti famule . 

Angelas ad Virgbwm , 
Anglorum popull pluudlto 

euncti 
Anna partu solvllur • 
Assertor aeqnl non ope rfgla . 

Aatra potorum superascendeiis 
Audi Tlrgo mater Cbrlsti , 
Audita frstrea facta 




IjOnt. 

W„ Nicholas. 


t. y. L&uk. Jfit., 49* ... ■ 

Arundel. Ml. C&non. Mil., Sue 

y 

Lava, ifit., T4» 


St. Maurice. 

St. I>lonyslus. 

To God. 

Unt, 

Trans, of St. Andrew, pt. of " Summl 

Itegis." 
B. V.M. 


JWioIinwii, C. 6M 

'■S 

Canm. Scripft., 1S1 

Cett. deep. A,, n. 


St. Anne. 

pt. of "Almi proplietue." Decoll. 

St. John Baptist. 
Ascension, 
B. V. M. 
St. Monenna, 



852 



HYMNABICM 



FirBt line of Hymn, 



Audits sancta stadia . 
Augustine tax doctoriuu 
Anl* (opera* pall . 
Auns lux patriae Weutuia . 
Aures «d nostras, Deitatls 

precos 
Ave dies praefulglda . 
Ave gemma preuow 
Ave gioriosa Agnes ♦ 
Ave Katberlna, Martyr et 

Refit n* 
Ave maris Stella, vera mellla 

still* 
Ave mater aalvatorls, Vas 
Ave reglne coelarum PI* 
Ave Stella maris Virgo , 
Ave Stella matutlua 
Ave Sunamitis Ins Maria 
Ave verbum ens in prtnciplo 
Ave vtrgo geneioea 
Ave vlrgo mater Christ! 
Ave vlrgo speclosa 
Ave vlrgo etella maris , 



Bute martyr prosper* . 
BoDum simplex et perfectam 



Contemns Domfoo grandia 



Cantemus eocll Domino. 
Cars parens pare carens 
Ceterl tantum ceclncre vatuxn 
Cbori plandant aUcriter. 
Chorus noster plaudit edls 
Cfarltte fill Jesu summi . 
Cluiate praeaul pretloac . . . 
Cliriste 0.01 virtus eutor ct vo- 

carls 
Cbriste Salvator, pletatis auc* 

tOT 

Christ! fidelis armiger , 
Christo eoelorum agmina 
Clves coeleatts patriae . 
Clara ooelorum celnbret. 
Coelestem regem wueremur . 
Coell cives spplaudlte * 
Coell gemma bona . 
Counteor Dumlnnm nunc 
Conjubilanoo roeli . 
Cuuscendat us^ue elders 



De patre Verbum prodlens 
De profundi* crimiuuui , 
De eocw taberasculo . 
Del tgatis egreglua 
Dmum ter onnoruin eyclls . 
Deus, dcorum Domlne . 
Deus, qui muodum crimlno 

Joceutem 
Diem sacrati bominis ♦ 
Dies absolati praetereont , 
Dulcls Jesu memori* , 
Dunetanus ea coelesti* . 
Dux gregla egregie , 



Excelse princeps omnium 

Pest* praeaerttls calebret diet. 
Festum nunc <&lcbre magua- 

que gauuia 
Fonft totius bonitatla . 
Fuotcm uiiflerlcordlae . 



Gaude flore virginal! 
Gamle Gabrielis ore salutata * 
Gaude muudi gaudlum . 
Gaude quae cuncta transistl . 
Gaude vlrgo concipleni , 
Gaude vlrgo laudabilis . 
Gaude vlrgo mater Chrieti 
Gaudens In verbo Bed turbata. 

Gemma Dei epecios* 



IIS. used, and where found. 



Use. 



Colt. Cleep, A., ii. 
Canon. Scriptt., 60 
fttmo. Unit, ii*. Gg, 
aat.jftn>E. t i. 



e.c.0. 311 . 
Oatl. (Step. C. *i. 

y. . 



Itawlituon, C, BIO 



Oatioji. Mi*., OS. 
Canon, lot.. Ill 
Laud, Mit., 3*8. 
ifritf£in«on, C-, 108 
Rawiimon, c. t BIO 
laud. Mit., 308. 
Out™. JKi., 100 
Diooy, ISO 
UiffOy, 10 
Canon, Mit., 96. 



itaudinsD*, C. r tit) 



AiW., 30,014 . 

Hurt. 3Utl 

r. (AinoR. B&1..3Q 
t. . 

Laud. Hit., 340, 
a.y. . . . 

Laud, f^at., HJ . 
j. 9. . 



£ti»s. Unit, Lib., Off. 
Add., S(J,TSS , 
Canon. Lot., 313 
Ijwd. LtU. r , 
Digbv, 100 

Caab. Univ. Lib., Off. 
Add., V«,JSM . 
1. 1. y. Laud. Mis,, 103 



e., 38 



y. . . . 

Diffby, 100 

Canon. Dcriptt., 333 



y. . 

Land. Mb.. 408 

Canon. BiW., 30 



Laud. Mit., 60S; ItavAinton, C. 
q. . . . 

I>igby, 100 



Add., 30,014 



i. «. y. Canon. BiW, 30 

Jdd., 11,004 , 
CYinen. ifttii., 1 . 



Howliiiton, C, MS 
Jlait&inion, C. t 010 
Dipby, Ha 



fitgby, 10 

jlMffU " 



Ailiviole, 1309 . 
ftiKd. MU., SCO 
CW(. Clew. J„ A". 
Cumob. £tU., 30 

Canon. £tU., 40 



St, Honenas, 
St. Augustine, 
All Saints, 
St. Swilbln. 
1-eut, 

StBdward. 
St, Btueldreds, 
St. Agues. 
Bt. Katbsrlue. 



D.V.M. 

B. V. M. 
B.V.K, 
B, V. M. 
B. V. M. 
B. V. M. 
ToCbrlat. 
St. Barbara, 
B. V. M. 
B. V. M. 
B. V. M, 



St. 

Holy Trinltf, 

St, Monica. 

To Cbrist. 

B. V. M. 

It. of "tltqucant." St. John Bspt. 

St. Anne. 

n. V- li- 
st. Benedict. 
St. Richard. 
All Saints. 



St. Nicholas, 



St. Oswald. 

St. Maurice. 

Of tho 13 precious etonco, 

St. Ueribcrt. 

St. Augustloo, 

St, Augustine. 

St . Katbarino 

Nicene Creed. 

St Herlbert. 

St. Lawrence. 



St. John Erangellst. 

Lament, of a Sumer. 

Visit. ». V. M. 

St. Tsncrss. 

Kpiphan/. Pt. of" Jesus refulslt." 

Invent, of St. Stephen, 

Annunc. B. V. if. 

St. Andrew. 

Septugesuoa. 

To Christ. 

Sl Danstan. 

St. Thomas a Becket 



St. Monies. 



St Benedict. 






Vigil of AsaumptlOD, 


11. V. 


M. 


B, V. M; 






St. Mar; Magdalene, 






It. V. M. 






B. V. M. 






B. V. M. 






B. V. Jf. 






B.V. M. 






B.V. M. 






B.V. M. 






Amiun. B. V. M. Ft. of 


•Deu qui 


mundom." 






St. Katharine. 







HYMSAB1UM 



653 



Flrii lib* of Hyicli. 



MS. tued, end wber* fiend. 



!)*>. 



Ilk ett icrus CbiitUitJ* 
lioc In templo tumme Dent . 
Uui novittum tempum pet- 



Kujiu del jbrl* . 

Hynuiuiu Tjeo tg& jucuode 



•■ *■ 



'*«*/■ **. 



t. 



Imbtrit pot nine honuuM 

Iwttea 
In le enudpUur a Tlrgo KgU 

Jan Cbriate tnctor tIIm 
Jwu ex IMo lenltnt 
Jetn fetlenptof omnium « 
/era fta* dukedlniB . 
Jmtejudtt Jetu Cbrbtt 

Hnthtrtntt 1 coUtademns VIr- 



r. a. i 



i. y. 

Uaml. (TMtt. ia^ <V. I, u 






Lradtt Coritto cum ctntteb 
Laudtbni tummlt, celebremm 



Lent wgtlonun inclitt 
Ltvtcr* purl gorgitti 



Lux et dteiu eodedne 
Lm marie gaude . 



AdtL,X,oll 
«. y. . 



i***ftCB 



Hecte eumme oanlfetwrum. 4 

Mtgne peter Augustine. 
Mtguo utntlt gtudto , 
Mtguo eeluti* gtndio 
titze, font, ostium otque Ur» 

rtrnm 
Maria Utter Domini, lUri* 

eoror 
Mori* nell* merit . 
Martee vlrguue fecnndat 
Mnltbs par *poataus . 



Ktrtyr egrtgle, Deo dilei-le 
He tunllem dnert , 

Meats mum Domino , 

Miserere mei Deue . 

Mundi crettor intxhne . 
Myeteriuiu ecclwiee 

Mytterluinmlreblio ■ 



Laud, LaL, E 



Joudl JKr„ Its 
«. • . . 



Digbf, W ; £atul Jfii, 
■add.. *S,6« 



y. . 

Rtg. ?. j*. me. 
Ktg. % A. ca. 
/Julby, ICO 
.iiM., 30,011 
jldd., 31,380 
AM., £L,W6 



Nate Rex tumme , 
Movtub Bidoa emlculi 



ObttttTruntes . 
crueller bone, ludsttor , 
autcttt excelsior r 
O dee cuncUpotens , h 
O grande cunctls gaudiuia 
indite confeteui Oiriotl 
O aire creature , 
F*ter eeuraa . 
quern bettt femlna 
redemptor tame c*rm«n 
etocte umndi domtaa . 
O eeputebrnni Jetu CUrWl . 
OTrialteeleudiblue 
vere dlgn» bonte . . 
fi vfcrfce beetEeelme , 
OUvtt Woe* pteWUe tmkee . 
Otomee eaperai oidlnee . 
Onmipotene «>lui ngma 
Optete, eeecue geudit , 
(tnam WodwruietiHit Htber- 



IflHd, JK»„ 466 

JHarl., 3DVS 

(. . 

Comb. ITnit. K»., fftf. 

Jdct., S],38t . 

tW(. JWsm., J. (i. 
CflBfl. Jrj., 36S 

tfifibg, ea , 
Latial Adj., 06 , 
ac. 1«0, end «J 
«. y. , 

«men. *'<., WB 
r. jifcl., :ia,D]4 



y. . 

(. . 

Laud. MTU,, 4*9 

(.ami. Ctifu. ifli., ffo 

AM., W),5ft9 . 

CM(. CICDp., J ti. 



3SS 



reodltiiT munduB ffaml om- 

nii Oil 
J'juiee lingo* (rtorioeee »(Kttn!K 
Peage ftague irlurtael pnteiulle 
Vtnge Itngiu MigdeteDtc 
Fietli vleceilLui cllwaue 



t. . 

Laud. Lat. t QS . 



Oo* CoaftsKrr. 

vx. ot ■•Uibe b**U." 

nie .New Jernulem. 



St. lulubeUi. 



It. of "Christ* 

nedltt. 
B. V.M. 



at. M«rj Meadelene. 
T< OirJet. 
MV Menin, 
l^Cariev. 

IVOirlrt, 



StB*. 



St. KutbuUM. 



St.JIujM 

B*.Mtcbolu 



ludtlent. 
lETelent.). 



St. Andrew. 
Pl of "A wit*/* 
Hotar Trinity. 

St. Preedoqlm 



i-urK. b. V.M, 



J'l. Rupert. Ft. or " E)e frtitra, ei- 

toiluniit." (iami«, No. me.) 
St. Ai^uetine- 
St, U*ry Megdilene. 
Fueli>utide. 
He WUlitutd. 



St. ITery M^delcna. 

ft. V. IT. 
B.V. M. 

St. Mirtln. PL of "Rex Clirlste 

Mmtlol." 
St. Biultu, 
ToUod. 
HolyXrtntty, 
Lement. of * sinner. 
St. Nichols* (ToUutA 
B. V. U. 
1't.of "HkMtdies." Eeeter. 



Auump. D» V. M. 
fit. Euiaueth. 



Holy Trinity. 



B.T. M. 

To God *nd Chilct. 

Pfcof "OptetuevittB." 

St. Ihuuteu. 

B. V. M. 

Holy Trinity. 

St Mtry Megdtlene. 

To Christ. 

Mutiv. 1>. V.M. 

Sepulchre of Chrtet. 

Holy Trinity. 

Ft. of " Ad coenem." 

Aeeiunp. IS. V. M. 

ft. at "Auretiluce." 

AllSeinte. 

TuOod. 

St. Weriliert. 

bt, Monetm*. 



Ajc-ralon. 



St. Benedict. 

St. Acne*. 

Nt. Kluberd. 

St. Mery MegdtOeoe, 

After food. 



654 



HYMtfAKIUM 



HYMNUM CANAMUS DOMINO 



First Una of Hymn, 



Piter noster qnt oa In coelia 
Peccatrtx quaodem femln* 
Per U nttescat Itex. l>eua 
I'etras lieatus catenarum 
Phoebus astrlt cum omnibus 

plkoeboe 
Pie colamus annua * 
Prsefulgene sidua anglieum 
PealUt hacc ooncio town 

Carolina 

Quasi thus ardcns In Igna 

Hector aeteruL metuenoe saecli 
Kegalls ostro sanguinis i 
ttogiua clemcndac Maria 



SaSamonfcl iuysteria ♦ 
Salve de qua Deo gratum 
Salve feata dies feuit octavo 
Salve icfita dies qua Clirtstna 
Salve festa dies quam . 
Salve mater mieeticordioo 
Salve per quam Ik Budalls 
Salvo bbbcU dies ctlehri 
Salve aancta fades nostrl 
Salve saucta parens 
Salve vlrgo gloTloBS * 
Salve -vlrgo vlrginum . 
Saucto Blaai plebi tune eubvenl 
Sanctc Pater flumma . 
Saucta aator, legie . , 
Sidua aolare revebit , 
SLgnum crucla mirubilc * 
Sion devotee flHac . , 
Sollemnls dies advenlt . 
Spirltua aluie Del . 
Stella marls quae aola paris 
Steplieno prlmo martyr! 
Summe animal tu Pattia Unice 
Sunnui regis poteutia . 



To canunt omncsNEcol&e eon lea 
Te recant linguae celebrenlqNe 

oinnes 
To uiitrcm laodamus . 
Xe nunc laudamus 
To nunc eancte speculator 
Tortoila rlsit vcrbera . 



Ut tone fecundue 



Venter pneUaria expers tamen 



MS. used, and where found. 



DWHt, 1M 



Laud. Lot., 9K ; Land. Lai., 6 
Dtgby, 1W ... 
cut*. Cttop., C. vi. . i 



loud, Jfit., HO 

Add., 11,110 

* 

Digby, SO; Bant. 534 



fiowKniMt, C, 939 
Wirey. l* . 
Digby, &3 . 
Digby, 63 . 
Digby, S3 . 
£umi\ P B (o. /.id., Cjf. 
W0OJI, 19 . 
c.c.c. 371 . 
jlJfttnofc, lfltl . 

t. . 

Catum. Bib'., 40 
bigby, 86 . 



(&»&» Univ. Lib., 
Camh. Univ. Lib,, 
t. 



t. Add., 3t,SO 

t. ... 



i. g. . 

J. If. 

Oamm. Mil., 05 



JiW., 30,014 
JiW., 30,014 



Aaufirtton, if., 214 
Casio. Fnfu. *■*■» °S' 
e.c.c., Mo . 



tt., M 
o., 3* 



»., 35 



Laud. £a(., 85 



Vera regnl perfruens . , 
Yere gratia plena cs . 
VIi^hh ave vlrgula , 
Virgodecuscoeli ♦ . 
Vir^u Templum Trinitatia 
VIcbo vlnceua vernauda 
Vita aanctoniui decus aoajela* 

rum 
Vita Banctotnm vU apea aa- 

luscin4 



Digby, 16« 
Arwi&l, 201 

Add., 31.33S 
toud. iris., 240 
^cW., 1T.23L 
Ltttld. Uil., Mi 
Laud. Mil., 363 



i. y. AM,, iL,rta 



TJee. 



A. meirleal venlon. 
St. Maiy Magdalene. 
SL Dumtan. 

Ft. of " Felix per omaes." 
St. Juattna. 



St. Maiy Magdalene. 
St. Tbomaa a Beckea. 
St. Nlcholu. 



St Pete* 



St. Thomas i Beoket. 



St. Otmar. 
St. Oswald. 
B. V. M. 



St. Edith. 

B. V. M. 

Eastertide. 

Ascenekm. 

Pentccoat. 

B. V. M. 

B.V. M. 

St. Dunatan. 

Face of CbrisL 

St. Anne. 

B. V. M. 

B. V. M. 

St. Biasing. 

The Lord's Prayer. 

To Cbriat. 

St. Marv Magdalene. 

Hoi; Croes. 

St. Agnea. 

St. John EfiDg, 

Holy Trinity. 

B.V.M. 

St Stepbcn. 

Holy Trinity. 

Tranal, ot St. Andrew. 



St. Nicholas [Tulent.>, 
St. Monica. 

11. V. M. 

The Te Dcnui. 

St. Hcdila. 

St.rancrae, PL of "l>i testis." 



To Chriet. 



B. V. M. 

St. Ontlilac 

Pt. of " Myatei turn eccleslie." 

B. V. M. 

B. V. M. 

B. V. M. 

B. V. M. 

Easter. 



St. Gall. 



The hjmtiB iu ihe above lists are mostly 
of unknown autliorahip. They aro of vfirjinK 
merit, many, especially thoso in the woontl 
list, liaitlly rising nbovo the level of doggerel. 
Many of them itnvo never been printed and 
henco hnvo csoapetl oliservntion, and nre not 
tn bo found in Hie collections of Daniel and 
iHVwie. Tlio index of first lines mny be of 
use to poisons who furo intereuted in the 
obscurer I^Ltin hymns of the later middle 
ages. All csatniiiatiun of other MRS. than 
tnoso specified as nuulu use of in th : s mticle 
wouldiio doubt swell the list. Private libra- 
ries and tile libraries of separate colleges nt 



Oxford and Cambridge remain to be searched 
for studi a purpose. [P. E. W. and J. M.] 

Eymnnm caaamua Domino [glo- 
riae3. V&ieraMe Bede. [Axcemum.'] This 
hymn, usually ascribed 1o Bede, is found in 
two mbs. of the 11th ocnt in the British Mu- 
seum (Veip. d. sii. f. 726; Jul. a. vi. f. 50), 
aiid in the Lat. Hys. vf the Angfo'Saxon Church 
(Surtecs BocietyJ, 1851, is printed from an 
11th cent. sis. nt Durham, iu 11 st of 4 I. 
(B. iii., 32 f. 25 b). In nn 11th ctnt. us. in 
the British Museum (Add 30848 f. 153 6.) it 
begins, " Hvmnum cauojnua jfior/oe," and this 



HYMNDU CANENTES MABTYBUM 

leading is followed by Thomatka, H. p. 372 ; 
by Daniel, i„ No. 172 ; by Card. Newman in 
hi* Hynmi Eoekeia*, 1838 and 1865; and 

otters. [J. M.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

X. The hymn «f glmy sine we. By W. J. 
Blow, in hia CSttreA Zfy. and Z\w* Bk., 1852-5 ; 
end again in Bice's 6*1. from the same 1870. 

S> Biag we triumphant hymns of frelie. By 
B. Webb, in the H. Noted, 1854, in 7 at. of 4 1., 
and again in the Hymnei; 1882. 

S. A hymn of stay let m tins. By Elizabeth 
Charles in her Voice of Christian Life tn Song, 
Ins., 1858, p. 141, in 6 Bt. of 4 1. It was re- 
peated in the People's H., 1867 j SchafFs Christ 
•h Sbtt^, 1869 and 1870; and the Bymnary 
(much altered), 1872. 

Xmudatbn not In C. V. ; — 

Sing we triumphant hymns of praise. J". i>. C&ostbei'i, 
1867. 

All these (r». are from the " Hymnum cann- 
tam glorine " form of the text, [J, J.] 

Hymnnm canentes martyrum. Ven- 
erable Bede. [The Holy Innocents^] Included, 
ascribed to Beds, in GwBander*s Hymni Eacle- 
tiatUei, Cologne, 1958, and repeated by EUin- 
ger, 1578, p. 256; Battier, No. 63, and others. 
Also in Dr. Giles's ed. of Bede's Opera, vol i, 
Loml., 1843, p. 81, in 8 si of 8 1. Daniel, t, 
No. 176, quotes only si i. The first and last 
line* of each statist are identical, a dtvioe 
which here produces a somewhat unnatural 
effect, and rather spoils an otherwise fine 
hymn. [Sea Bade.] [J. M.J 

Translations in C.U. : — 

1. The hymn far eonqperfas martyrs rain. By 
J. M. Keale, in hia Mediaeval Hys., 1351, p. 15, 
in 6 it. of 8 1., with short critical and historical 
aotea. It waa repeated in the People's H~, 1867, 
and in an abridged form in the Bymnary, 1872, 

), A hymn ftr msityn tweettf ainf , This in 
II. A. $ if., 18U1, is Dr. Neale'u tr. altered by 
the compilers. 

8. A voles from Eaman was there sent. In 
Kennedy, 1869, No. 198, begins with st. iii. of 
Dr. Neale's tr. as above. 

Translation not in 0. V. i — 

A hymn of martyrs let ue slug. Un. Claries, 1808. 
(Tr. of 6 lines only.) [J. J.] 



L, in Bristol Bap. CoU. of Ash & Evans, 
1st ed., 1768, i.e. W. Jesse. 

I. A. II, in II. V. Elliott's Fa. & Hue., 
1835, i.e. Julia A. Elliott, 

X. S,, in Ash & Evans, 1760, i.e. L Dixon. 

L L., in Beard's GoU., 1837, i.e. John 
Lngtuet. 

L S., in Ask & Etnas, i.e. J. Stennett. 

I am not worthy, Holy Lord. Sir II. 
W. Baker. [Holy Communion.'] Written for 
and first pub. in H. A. <£ AY., 1873. It is also 
in several other hymnals. 

I am, sotth Christ, your glorious 
Head, J. Newton. [Katter.\ 1st pub. in 
the Olney Hymns, 1778, Bt. i, No. 11G, in 7 



I GAVE MY LIFE FOR THEE 555 

st of 4 1., and headed " The Beearreotion and 
the Life." The roost popular form of the 
hymn is that given to it by CotferiU in the 
8th ed. of his Sel., 1819, No. 1& This ie 
composed of st iv., ii., v.-vii. in the order 
named, and altered to, "Four down Thy 
Spirit, gracious Lord.'' It is in extensive uso, 
and sometime* as: "Pour out Thy Spirit," 
Ac. Another form was given in StowelTs 
Manchester 8el., 1831, p. 87, and is still in 
Q.U. It begins, "Fulfil Thy promise, gracious 
Lord,'' and is composed of st iv.-vi., and 
slightly altered. [J. J.] 

I am the man who long have known. 
C. Wesley. [Temptation.'] Pub. in Hys. & 
Sac. Poem*, 1740, p. 84, in 20 st. of 4 1., and 
headed, "Written in stress of Temptation." 
(P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 273.) In 1780, 
J. Wesley included a cento in 8 st. from this 
hymn in the We*. H. Bk., No. 151, as:— 
"My sufferings all to Theo are known." This 
has been repeated in several collections in 
G. Britain and America, Mr. G. J. Steven- 
son has given in hisJHetft. H. Sk. Notes, 1883, 
many pleasing associations of this hymn. 

[J. J.] 

I asked the Lord that I might grow. 
/. Newton. [The Sinner's Prayer Answered,] 
Pub. In his iWniy-rix Letters on Religious 
Sutyectt, $c., bgOmieron, 1774, in 7 st of 4 1., 
and headed " The Converted Sinner," again 
in K. Converts CoU., 1774, No. 353, and 
again in the Olney Hymns, 1T79, Bk, iii., 
No. 86, with the heading changed to " Prayer 
answered by Grosses.'* Although of a spe- 
cially personal and subjective character, it 
has neon somewhat extensively adopted for 
congregational use, both in Great Britain and 
America. [J. J.] 

I cannot cull affliction sweet. J. 

Montgomery. [Affliction,'] Tho origin of this 
hymn is thus given by Holland in his Memoirs 
of Montgomery : — 

"On the 2Mb. May [1SMJ tho poet returned to Shef- 
field from Bristol, where he bud been attending religious 
meetings. An album was Immediately put into bis 
hand from a lady In London who had long been an 
admirer of his poetry, and although now en her death- 
bed, could net repress an Intense desire to sec his hand- 
writing in her book. Ho was affected by her appeal, 
and inscribed the lines beginning ' I cannot eaJl affliction 
aweet,* " Manotri, v. 43, 

This hymn is amongst the x. uss., but is 
undated. It was pub. in Montgomery's Poet's 
Portfolio, 1835, p. 252, in 4 st. of 4 L, ami 
headed " An Alter-Thought." It was repeated 
in his Original Hys., 1853, and is in several 
modem collections. [J, J.] 

I gave My life for thee. Frances H. 
Havergal. [Christ desiring the entire devotion 
of His Servants.] Miss M, V. G. Havergal's 
Us. account of this hymn is : — 

"In F. It. li.^a xs. copy, sbe gives this title, 'I did 
tills fur thee; what hast thou done for Mef J Motto 
nkced under a picturo of our Saviour in tho study of ft 
German divine. On Jan. 10, 136s, shebadcomo in weary, 
and sitting down she read the motto, and the lines of Iter 
hymn flashed noon her. Sbe wrote them in pencil on a 
scrap of paper, Reading them over she thought litem 
m poor that "he tossed them ou the Arc, but tliey foil out 
untouched, Shewing theni seme months sifter to licr 
father, he encouraged her to prencrra thetn, and wrote 
the tune Itaca Hpccially for them. The hymn was 
printed on a leaflet, lri&e, and in Good Wortlt, Feb., 
1S6D. rub. olio tn The Mintilryqf Song, 18B0. Though 



556 1 GIVE IMMOftTAL PRAISE 

F. B. H. eonsented to the nltenUton* In (Vitrei JTjwibj, 
•he thought the original mare strictly carried out the 
Idea of the motto. * leave Mr life for thee, What hatt 
tbondOMfwMe?'"^. km.). 

Miss F. E. Havergal also refers to this hymn 
in a letter quoted in her Memoir*, p. 105 : — 

" Iwu k overwhelmed on Sunday at hearing three of 
my hymn* touchlogly sung in Perry Church, I never 
before rallied the high privilege of writing for the 
* great congregation/ especially when they Bong 4 1 gave 
My life for thee ' to my lathers tune Bata," 

The recast of this hymn for the S. P. C. K. 
Church Hymns, 1871, referred to above, be- 
gins, " Thy life was given for me." The ori- 
ginal appeal of Christ to the disciple is thus 
changed into an address by the disciple to 
Christ. This recast has not become popular. 
The original, as in Snepp's Song* of G. <fc O.. 
1872, is in extensive nse in Great Britain and 
America. [J. J.] 

I give Immortal praise. I. Watt*. 
[Praite. A Doxotogy.] Appeared in his By*. 
4 Spiritual Songs, 2nd ad., 1709, Bk. LL, 
No. 38, in 4 st of 8 1., and entitled, " A Song 
of Praise to the Blessed Trinity." In its ori- 
ginal form it is not often found; but as "We 
give immortal praise," it is in 0. U. in alt 
English-speaking countries. This slightly 
altered text was given in G. Whitefteld's Pi. 
A Hut., 1753; in M. Madan's P*. & By*., 
1760; in A. M. Toplady's Ps. * Hyt., 1776, 
and others tp modern hymn-books. In 
Kennedy, it is reeait as " 1b God the Father 
yield," but this form is in limited use. [J. J.] 

I have a borne above. H. Bennett 
[Heaven,'] Pub. in the Bap. Pi <fe Hyt*, 1858, 
So. 598, in 5 st. of 8 1. (in later eds. it is dated 
1851), and in the author's Hymn* by H. B. in 
1867, in 10 st, of 4 1., and headed, " The 
Christian's Home.'' It has come into exten- 
sive nse in G. Britain and America. [J, J.] 

I have renewed, O Lord, my vow. 
J. M. Neale. [First Communion.] Fob. in bis 
Bys. for the Ymmg, 1844, No. 9, in 11 st of 
4 1., and beaded, '• The First Holy Commu- 
nion." In the S. P. C. K. Church Hys., 1871, 
No. 202, ** Behold Thy servant drawing near," 
is composed of st. iv„ v., viii. and x., slightly 
altered from this hymn. [J. J.] 

I hear a sound [voice] that cornea 
from far. T. Kelly. [The Voice of Mercy.] 
Pub. in the 2nd ed. of his Hymnt an Various 
Pottages of Scripture, 1806, in 6 st, of 4 1. 
(ed. 1853, No, 327). It is usually given in an 
abbreviated form, and sometimes ns, " I hear 
a voice tiiat comes from far," as in Hatfield's 
Church B. Bk., N. Y., 1872, &c. [J. J.] 

I hear the words of love. H . Bonar. 
[Good Friday—Boly OotrmunionJ] Appended 
in the 2nd series of his By*, of JW(fc <E Hope, 
1861, in 10 st. of 4 1., and headed, « He died 
and lives." Two centos from this hymn ore 
in C. IT., both beginning with st. i. The first, 
suitable for Paasiontide, is in Nicholson's 
Appendix Hymnal, 1866 ; and the second, for 
Holy Communion, in Laudes Domini, N. Y., 
1884. [J. J.] 

I heard the voice of Jesus say. H. 
Bonur. [Christ's Invitation.'} Written at 
Kelso, and pub. in his Hyt. Original and 
Selected, 1846. and in the 1st series of his 



I LAY MY SINS ON JESUS 

Hymn* of Faith <fc Hope, 1857, in 3 st. of 8 1., 
and headed, * The Voice from Galilee." It 
has come into extensive nse, and is one of the 
most popular of the author's hymns. It is 
often used in Home Mission Services, and is 
suited thereto. It has been rendered into 
Latin by Dr. Maogill in his Songs of the 
ChrUtian Creed and Life, 1876, as "Lo~ 
quentem exandivi." [J. J.] 

I know not if the dark or bright. 
H. Alford. [Resignation.] Written in 1862, 
and printed in MaomiUan'i Magazine, 1863, 
in 7 st. of 4 1. In 1865 it was included in 
the author's Poetical Work*, and in 1884 in 
Border's Cong. Hymn*. [J, J.] 

I know that my Redeemer Uvea, And 
ever prays for me. C. Wetley. [Re- 
joicing in hope.] Pub. in Hyt. £ Sac. Poem*, 
1742, p. 180, in 23 st. of 4 1„ and entitled, 
"Rejoicing in Hope." (P, Work*, 1868-72, 
vol. it. p. 242.) Two centos from this hymn, 
both beginning with st i., are in C. XT. : — 

1. In TopUoYs Ft. * Bat., W«. No. m, Id 9 it. 
This ie in on In the Church of England. 

1. In the Wit, B. Bk*, MOT, la « st., Ho. ST3 (ed. 
1ST6, No. S&i), This is the arrangement commonly 
found in the Methodist hymn-booke (bot eometlmes 
abbreviated) in & Britain and America. Stevenaoabaa 
an Interesting note on this cento In hie Metk. H. Bk. 
ifota, isas, p. ass. [j, j.] 

I know that my Redeemer lives, He 
lives, and on the earth, <fco. C. Wesley. 
[Resurrection.] Appeared in Bus. it Sao. 
Poem*. 1742, in 4 st. of 8 1., and based on 
Job six. 25. (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. fi. p. 
182.) It was included in the 1830 snppl. to 
the Wes. H. Bk., and retained in the 1875 
ed. This hymn wns included in Toplady's 
Ps, <fc By*,, 1776, No. 64, with an additional 
stanza from Wesley's Furieral Hyt., 1st series, 
1746, No. 9, st. xiii., " Ev'n now I tasto that 
bliss divine." [J. J.] 

I know that my Redeemer lives. 
What comfort this, See. S. Medley. 

[Easter.] This hymn is found in the 21st 
ed. of G. Whitefleld's Ps. <£ Hys., 1773. in 9 
st of 4 1., and iu the 4th ed. of I)e Conwy's 
Coli., 1793, No. 258 ; but in each case with- 
out signature Medley included it in the 
London ed. of his Bymns, 1800. It was also 
repeated in the Cambridge ed., 1839. In an 
abbreviated form it is in somewhat extensive 
use, and is easily known by the frequent repe- 
tition of the words "He lives!" The cento, 
" The Saviour lives, no more to die," is also 
popular; but tbat in the American Bapt. 
Praite Book, 1871, "He lives, my kind, wise, 
heavenly Friend," is limited in use. Both 
forms of the text are in C U. in G. Britain 
and America, [J. J.] 

I lay my Bins on Jesus. B. Bonar. 
[Jesu*, the Substitute.! 1st pub. in the 1st series 
of bis Songs in the Wildemett, 1843, in 4 st. 
of 8 1., and headed, " The Fulness of Jesus." 
It was repeated in his Bible H. Bk., 1845, 
No. 122, and in the 1st series of his Hys. of 
Faith * Hope, 1857. In the By*., &c., it is 
entitled " The Substitute." Iu the American 
Bapt. B. [<£ Tune] Bk., 1871, it is given' ob 
two hymns, the second beginning "I lest 
my soul on Jesus." In various forms the 
hymn is very popular for Home Mission 



I LEFT THE GOD OP TBUTH 

Services, and is in extensive use in G. Britain 
and America. [J. J.] 

I left the God of truth and light. 
J. Montgomery. [Repentance.] In 1795, 
Montgomery commenced in his paper, the 
Sheffield Iris, a series of essays under the title 
of "The Whisperer, or Hints and Specula- 
tions, by Gabriel Silvertongue Gent" These 
essays, wliich were afterwards republished in 
a volume, abounded in the irreverent use of 
Holy Scripture. The state of mind which 
prompted him thus to write continued, he 
says, " for the space of tern years," (Memoirs, 
vol. ii. p. 316.) On seeing clearly the wrong 
which ho had done, he destroyed all the 
copies of the work which he could find, and 
penned this hymn, in 1807, in token of his 
true repentance, (ilemetrs, vol. v. p. 364.) 
It was first pub. in the Evangelical Maga- 
zine, subsequently in Cotterill's Selection, 
8th ed., 1819, Ho. 295; and then by Mont- 
gomery oa the first of his hymns in his 
Christian Ptalmitt, 1825. It is also in his 
Original Bys., 1853, No. 171. In the Chris- 
tian Psalmist, st, ii,, 1. 3, reads : '' Through 
all His bonds of love I broke," In all bis 
other works wo find "Sands" for "bonds." 
Iu his marked copy of the Ch. Ptalmitt, he 
has changed "bonds" to "bands" in the 
margin. This is the authorized reading. In 
the Hyt. it Songs of Praite, N, Y., 1874, 
No. 479, "Heart-broken, friendless, poor, 
cast down," is composed of st, vii., viii. of this 
hymn, [J, JJ 

I lift my soul to God. I. WaiU. 
[P». s&v.] Fart 1. of his version of Ps. xxv. 
in his Ptalmt of David, Ac, 1719, in 6 at. of 
4 L, headed " Waiting for Pardon and Direc- 
tion." In I he Church Pastorals, Boston, 1864, 
and other American collections, st. iii.-vi. are 
given us, "From the first dawning light." A 
cento In the Leeds H. Bk. t 1853, No. 31, 
begins with the same stanza. It is composed 
of st ii., iv. of Pt. i. ; st. i., vii,, viii. of Pt 
iii. The American arrangement is the more 
popular of the two. [J, J.] 

I love the saored book of God. T. 
Kelly. [Holy iSfcrjpfure.] This hymn is in 
two forms, and both by Kelly. The first form 
was pub. in the 1st ed. of his Bys. on Various 
Postages of Scripture, 1804, in 7 st. of 4 I. ; 
and the second in the Dublin ed, 1836, No. 
391. Both forms are in C. V. ; the first in 
Windis, and the revised in Sneppfa Songs of 
<?. <£ O., 1872. Various collections in G. 
Britain and America, some in the original, 
and others in the revised form. These con be 
tested by Windle and Snepp. [J. J.] 

I need Thee, preciouB Jesus. F. Whit- 
field. [Longing for Jesus.] This hymn first 
appeared as a hymn-sheet in 1855, in 6 st. of 
4 double lines. It was then included in the 
author's Saered Poems and Prose. On the 
publication of this volume in 1861, the author 
round that Ms first stanza, which began, 

"I need Thee, pndoua Jesus, for I am full of gin," 
was omitted without his sanction, and the 
hymn began with st, ii. : — 

"I need Thee, precious Jesu,far I am very poor." 
Although the author at once reprinted the 
full text in self-defence, the mutilated hyncn 



I THAT AM DBAWN OCT OP 557 

came into C. U., and was generally received 
as the original Both it and the original 
(usually in 4 sts.) are in extensive use in ell 
English-speaking countries. In a more or 
less complete form it has also been tr. into 
numerous languages, including French, Dutch, 
German, Arabic, Ac. The author specially 
desires that his original text may bo followed, 
as in Bp. Byle's Bys. for the Church, 1860. 

[J. J.j 
I once was e> stranger to grace and 
to God. B. M. McCheyne. [The Lord our 
Righteousness.'] Appeared in the Scottish 
Christian Herald, March, 1836, in 7 st. of 8 )., 
and entitled "Jehovah Tdfflwnu," "The Lord 
our Eighteousness — The watchword of the 
Reformation, ■ and signed "Larbert . . . B. 
McC." In 1844 it was included by A. Bonor 
iu liia Memoir <£ Remains of McCheyne, p. 582, 
and dated "November, 18, 1834." Its use, 
especially in America, is extensive. [J. J.] 

I prais'd the earth In beauty seen. 

Bp. B. Beber. [Flower Services.] Pub. iu 
his posthumous Hymns, 4c, 1827, p. 92, in 3 
st. of 6 ]., and appointed for the 4th 8. after 
Trinity. It is well suited for Flower Service?, 
and is found in several modern collections. 

[J. J.] 

I Bing the Almighty [Mighty] power 
of God. I. Watts. (Praise for Creation and 
Providence^ Appeared in his Divine Songs 
for Children, 1715, in 8 st. of 4 1„ and headed, 
" Praise for Creation and Providence." Al- 
though seldom used in its complete form, 
arrangements of the text, varying in the 
number of stanzas taken, are in 0. D. in all 
English-speaking countries. It is sometimes 
given as " I sing the mighty power of God," 
but this reading is not popular. [J. J.] 

I sojourn in a vale of tears. J.Mason. 
[Hope.] 1st pub. in his Songs of Praise, Ac, 
1683, No. 30, in 9 st. of 8 1., as the " Song of 
Praise for tho Hope of Glory," and repeated 
in D. Sedgwick's reprint, 1859, p. 46. Front 
it three centos arc in C. U. : — 

1, t wjoara in a toI* of teem. In nee in America 
specially. 

S, And daft Thou ume, hloued Lord, la Dicker- 
rteth's cfcrirfinn p mlmut. issa, Ho, 634, and others. 

I. My SaTiour is gone up to heaven. 

In Bicktrsitth, leas. No. BW. andothera. 

The text of all those centos is slightly 
altered from the original. [J. J.] 

I thank Thee, Lord, for using me. 

H. Bonar. [Joy in Die Service of God.] Ap- 
peared in the 3rd series of his Hys. of Faith 
and Hope, 1666, in 15 st. of 4 i, and headed, 
" Forget not all His Benefits." In the Cong. 
Church Byl, 1887, 12 st. ore jriven as one 
hjmnio two parts, Pt.ii. beginning, •' I thank 
Thee, gracious God, for all." Several ar- 
rangements from this hymn, all opening with 
at. i,, are in C. V. Sometimes these are given 
as, " We thank Thee, liord, tor using iw." The 
use thus made of this hymn is somewhat 
extensive. [J. J] 

I that am drawn out of the depth. 
'/. Jlfnson. [Deliverance from Spiritual Afflic- 
tion.] 1st pub. in his Songs of Praite, &c, 1683, 
No. X3, iu 5 st. of 8 1. and 1 st. of i ]., end 
entitled " A Song of Praise for Delivenmce 



058 I THIEST, BUT NOT AS ONCE 

from Spiritual Troubles." It was repeated iu 
D. Sedgwick's reprint, 1859, p. 43. From this 
hymn the cento, " God's furnace doth in Zion 
stand," in Alexander's Augustine H. Bk,, 
]8i9 and 18(j5, Spurgeon's 0. 0. H. Bk., 18GG, 
and others, is taken. It begins with et. iv. 
The ecnto in tho American Unitarian Hy. [& 
Time] Bk. for the Church and Home, Boston, 
1868, " Tho world can neither give nor take," 
is composed thus : — st. i. from Mason's " My 
God, my reconciled God"; and at. ii., iii. 
from this hymn. [J. J.] 

I thirst, but not as once I did. W. 

Cowper. {Thirsting for God.'] Given in the 
Olney Hyuim, 1773. Bk. iii.. No. Gl, in 5 at. 
of 4 1., and headed, " My soul thiratetn for 
God." It is found in several American col- 
lections, and in a few aleo in G, Britain. 

I thirst, Thou -wounded Lamb of 
God. [Union with Christ.'] This hymn, hy 
John Wesley, first appealed in Hyt. & Sftcrcti 
Poems, 1740(P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 265), 
thus — 

1. " 1 thirst, Thou wounded Lamb of God, 

To wash uoe iu thy cleansing Blood, 
To dwell within liy Wounds ; then Piiin 
1$ street, and Lite or Dcalh is Gain. 

2. " Tike thia poor Heart, and let it bo 

For ever clos'd to all but Thee ] 

Seal Thou my Breast, find let me wear 

That Pledge of Love for ever there. 

3. " How blest are they who still abide, 

Close shelter^ In thy bleeding Sido ! 
Who Life and Strength from tbenee derive, 
And by Thee move, and In Thee live. 

4. ■■ What are our Works, but Sin and IVatJi. 

'Till Thou tby qulck'ning Spirit breaths:? 
Thou giv T st the Power thy <i race to move i 
wondrous Grace I O boundless Love ! 

&. " How can it be. Thou heavenly King, 
That Thou ehould'st us to Glory bring* \ 
Make Slaves the Partners of thy Throne, 
Deck'd with a ne'rer-fadlng Crown ? 

6. " Hence our Hearts melt, our Eyes o'cruow, 
Our Words are lust ; nor will we know, 
Nor will wa think of ought beside 
ily Lord, my Love is crucify'd 1 

T. " Ah t Lord, enlarge our scanty Thought, 
To know the Wonders Thou Last wrought ; 
Unloose our stammering Tongues, to tell 
Tby Love immense, unsearchable. 

s, "First-born of many Brethren, Thou! 
To Thee, lo ! all our Souls we bow, 
To Tbee our Hearts and Hands we give, 
Thine may we die. Thine may we live I " 

This hymn is made up from four German 
hymns, all of which appeared in Appendixvii. 
to the Hemthut G. B., 1735. (See notes on 
their first lines.) Of Wesley's hymn st. i., ii., 
are based on fit. i., iii. of N. L, voti ZtTizen- 
tior/'s 

I. "Aeh! meln verwundtet Furete ! 

Nach dessen Blut ion dOrste, 

In dem mein Sebnen ruht. 

An dessen Llebesberze 

Mir wobl 1st, und der Schmerze 

Selbst heilsam, gnt und sanfte thut. 
3. " Nimm mich mit Llebeserbarmeo 

Belm Herz und bci den Annen, 

Und set2 ein Siegel drauf ; 

Lass mich vorsculoseen werden 

Von dem Gerauscb der Erdon, 

Dlr aber macbe eelber auf." 

Stanzas iii.-vi. are based on J. Nitschmann'e 
1. "Dublutiger VersOhner! 
Der Kreuzgemoine Diener 1 
I>n unser Seelenmann 3 
Wir fall'n zn delnen Passen, 
Und wollen sle umschliessen, 
So gut eln Arm dea Glaubens kann. 



I TOO, FOBEWABNED BY JESUS' 

2. ' E Wir eind Ja kleine Kinder, 

Erloate arms Sunder, 

Hie delnen Lebenssslt, 

Der aus der Sellenhuhle 

Geilossenauf die Seels, 

In alch gesaugt zur Gotteskraft 
S. " Das 1st der Hell'gen Starke, 

Bass car niebt tmsre Werke 

Das blutbefrenndte Lamm, 

Dns tlnade su erzeigen, 

Bewegen oder neigen ; 

Die Liebs dtingt ea wundcrsom. 
i. " Wir wissen niches au sagen, 

Als dlch erstaunt *u fr&gcn, 

lets moglich r Kunigssahn I 

Dass du geboruen Selaven 

Hilfst in den Frelhsltshafeu, 

Und ale bestimmst zu Kron und Tbron. 
b. " Das macht uns licbesschmerzcn, 

Wte Waebs sind unsro Hersen, 

J a wie die Stanbleln gar ; 

Wir lassen Tbranen nicssen, 

Und wollen sonst nichts wlssen, 

Ah dass ein Lamm geschlacbtct war." 

Stanza vi). is based on Bt. i., ii. of Ziitzen- 
tlorft 

1 " Der Gott von nnserm Bunde, 
Ber sein Lob in dem Munde 
Der Sauglingcn bereft, 
Der lass uns braftig mblen, 
Wie die Kegister spiel en 
Der Gotteslleb in diescr Zelt. 

3. "Ergebunamuntre ICehlen, 

Hie Wunder iu ers&hlen. 

Die seine Treue tbut : 

Eln an den Wnnden trtuken i 

Bin inniges Yerslnkcn, 

Und einen klndlicb frohen Muth.*' 
Stanza viii. is based on st. xiv. of a hymn 
by Anna Nitsckmana, which begins " Mein 
Kouig deino Ldebe." 

14. I4 Nun, erstgebomer Bruder 1 

Nun Afeisber an dem Ruder 

pes SchiOleins der Gsmein : 

lch geb dir Herz und Hands 

Bass icb bis on meln Ende 

Will deine treue Seele seyn." 
Wesley's ir. was first adopted for congrega- 
tional use as No. 61 in tho Moravian H. Bit., 
1712, in full and unaltered. In the 1789 and 
later eds. it is abridged and begins " We pray 
Thoo, wounded Lamb of God." In 1763 
Wesley's full text was given in his H. & 
Spiritual Songs, No. 14, and repeated in the 
Wes. H. Bk., 1780. It is also in the Leeds 
H. Bk., 1853, People's Hyl, 1867, and others. 
It is found in the following abridged or altered 
forms : — 

1. Jeau, Thou wounded Lamb of Qod (t. alt.). The 
Byat. Companion, and others. 

1. oome, Thou wotutded Lamb of God (I. alt.). 
Wbitefleld's Byma, &c, 1TSS; Madan's Pi. £ But., 
1)60, and ollwrs. 

3. coma, Thau stricken Lamb of God (i. alt.). 
Walker's Pi. <E Byi., 18BS, 4c. 

4. feau, Thou holy Lamb of God (1. alt,). Rugby 
Church B. Bk., 1839, 

i, Va pray Tbee, wounded Lamb of <Jod(!. alt.), in 
Robinsons Scmatfor the Sanctuary, K.Y., 1^65, kc. 

6, Take my poor beart, und fit it be (iL alt.), in 
Suepp's Songs of a. A G„ Mi, 

7, Lord I take my heart, and let It be (ii. alt.). Amcr. 
Preib, Hyl^, IBV4, 1c. 

8, How oaa it be. Thou heavsiuVKittp; (v.). Ameri- 
can Uetb. Epia. South Gott., ISiJ, ic (J. M.] 

I too, forewarned by Jesua' love. C. 

Wesley. [DeofA Anticipated.] The two clos- 
ing hymns of the Official Hymnal of Ote Metli. 
Episcopal Cfcttroft, N. Y., 1878, arc, "I too, 
forewarned by Jesus* love," and "In ago and 
feebleness extreme." Tbey are introduced by 
the following special uoto : — 

"The following hymns were composed by Charles 
Wesley in extreme old age- The second hymn was his 



I TRAVEL ALL THE IRKSOME 

last utterance in verse, and was dictated on hie death- 
bed." 

With regard to " I too, forewarned by Jesus' 
love," it was pub. in 0. Wesley's Short Hymns, 
&c, 1762, vol. ii. p. 397, No. 783, on 2 Peter 
i. 14, and in 3 st. of 4 I. (P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. xiii. p. 191.) As 0. Wesley was b. in 
1707, and d. in 1788, this gives his age as 55 
when the hymn was pub., that is 25 years 
before lie died. The hymn therefore was not 
written by h[m " in extreme old age." The 
statement concerning " In age and feebleness 
extreme" (q.v.), however, is correct [J. J.j 

I travel all the irksome night. <T. 
Montgomery. [Journey of Life.'] In Mont- 
gomery's Greenland, and other Poems, 1819, 
this poem of 21 at of 4 1. is given as :— 

** A nigbt in a stage-coach : being a Meditation on tiie 
way between London and Bristol, Sept. 5IS, ISIS." 

It was repeated in his P. Works, 1823, vol. 
iii. p. 189, and again in later editions. In 
the Plymouth Coll., N. Y„ 1855, st, i., xm.- 
xxi. are given as No. 1116. In the Boston 
Unitarian Hys, of the Spirit, 18G1, the arrange- 
ment is, st L from this poem, and st. ii. and 
iii. from another source. [J. J.J 

I want a Sabbath talk with Thee. 
Jane Grewdson, nie F<m. [Sunday.'] This 
plaintive hymn for private uso rather than 
public worship, appeared in A Little While 
and other Poems, Manchester, Tubbs & Brook, 
1864, p. 14, and entitled, " Sabbath Musings 
for a Sick Chamber." It is based on the 
words, " Jesus Himself drew near, and went 
with tliem," St, Luke xxi v. 15. It is given 
in Snepp"s Songs of G. * G., 1872, No. 823, 
without alteration. [J. J.] 

I want that adorning divine. Char- 
lotte Elliott. [For Purify.] This poem on 
"Tlio Pilgrims Wants" appeared in the 
Christian Remembrancer pocket book, 1848, 
and as one of J. Groom's leaflets, 1848, in 
9 st. of 4 1. Each stanza is based upon a 
passage of H. Scripture. 

i. Col. ill. IS-ir ; ii. Rom. v ill. 11, IS; ill. Uohniit. 
3, 3; iv. Rev. 11. 17 ; vt John iv, i, 5; vi, 1 John ii. 
IS; vii. Matt. vl. 19, 21: vlli. Heb. xiil. 6, 6; ii'. 
Philip iU. 8. fl. 

It is also given in Leaves from the Christian 
Remembrancer, 1871, and in Leaves from Fn- 
published Journals, Letters and Poems of 
Charlotte Elliott, I,ond., m.d. (oir. 1870). Iu 
Snepp's Songs of G.& G., 1872, it is given in 
two parts, Ft. ii. being, " I want Thine own 
hand to unbind." [W, T, B.] 

I want fc he an angeL Sidney P. Gill. 
[For Parity.'] In the e. mss. (W. 50) there is 
a letter from Mrs. Anna Reed Wilson, of 
Newark, New Jersey, to Mr. Randolph, of 
New York, respecting this hymn and its 
authorship. It is dated "Newark, N.J., 
Feb. 6th, /73," and iu it Mrs. Reed says :— 

" My sister's lull name is Miss Sidney P. Gill. (An 
odd name for a woman, but coming down from a 'Welsh 
ancestress.) The* hymn was written in Philadelphia 
when my sister, thert a very young lady, taught the 
Infant Sunday School of Dr. Joel Parlcer'B Chnrcb, of 
which she was a member. She bad been teaching a 
lesson on Angela (f believe), wben a lovely littlo girl 
exclaimed ' Oh I want to bo an angel.' The child within 
a few days was attached by a fatal disease and diedi and 
under the strong impression of the circumstance, the 
little hymn waa written, and sung in the B. School. 
The first knowledge we bad of its being in print was 



I WORSHIP THEE, SWEET 559 

finding it in a Dayton, Ohio, newspaper .... 1 cannot 
give you the exact date of its composition, but think it 
must have been about /54V' 

This hymn has become a great favouiito 
with children. It is in use in all English- 
spoaking countries, and has been translated 
into several languages. In some collections it 
is given as " I would bo like an angel." This 
is especially the case in G, Britain, In the 
Presbyterian Ps. <£ Hys. for the Worship of 
God, Richmond, U. S. A., 1867, the opening 
line is again altered to '' I want to be with 
Jesus," but this change is not ao popular as 
the former. [J, J.] 

I was a wandering sheep. H. Bonar. 
[The Lost fifceep.] Pub. in tlio 1st scries of 
his Songs in the Wilderness, 1843, No. 1, in 5 
at. of 8 1„ and headed, " Lost but Found, ' Ye 
were as sheep going n stray; but ore now re- 
turned unto the Shepherd aud Bishop of your 
souls, 1 Pet. ii. 25.' " It was repeated in his 
Bible II. Bk., 1845, No. 2C4,and in his Hys. of 
Faith and Hope, 1857. It ranks witli tlio 
most popular of Dr. Bonar's hymns, and is in 
C. U. (usually in an unaltered form), in all 
English-speaking countries. [J. J.] 

I was wandering and weary. F. W. 
Faber. [The Lost Sheep.'] let pub, inhia/eaus 
and Mary, &c, 1849, in 7 st of 9 1, and en- 
titled, " The True Shepherd. For the Ragged 
School." Also found in bis Hymns, 1862. It 
is a hymn of great beauty and pathos, ad- 
mirably suited for private use, but from its 
peculiar quaintneas cannot bo popular with 
the general public. It is sometimes given as, 
*'I was weary and wandering," to tho manifest 
injury of the hymn. [J. J.] 

I weep, but do not yield. H. Sonar. 
[Lent. Chastisement.] Appeared in tlio 1st 
series of bis Hyt. of Faith and Hope, 1857, in 
22 st. of 4 1., and entitled " The Rod." From 
this poem the following centos aro in C. U. : — 

1. I weep, but in not yieW. The original text 
abridged. 

2. Come nearer, nearer still. In Newman Hall's 
Christ Church /rjrowmi, isTS. 

3. I did Tim wrong, my God. In several collections 
in G. fMtaln and America. 

*. I said, my God, at length. In the 1811 Suppl. to 
the Jftw Csag. 3. Bk. 

6. My sky was once noon.hright- In the American 
Sabbath B. Bk., 1853. 

Through those centos the poem lias become 
well known and widely appreciated. [J. J.] 

I ■will praise Thee every day. If, 
Cotuper. [Praise for Salvation.] Pub, in the 
Olney Hymns, 1779, Bk. L, No. 58, in 5 st. of 
4 1., and headed, " OLord, I will praise Thee." 
It is found in a few modern collections, in- 
cluding the Cong. Church Ilyl., 1887. [J. J.] 

I will take refuge in my God. J. 
Conder. [Resignation.] In bis Bys. of Praise, 
Prayer, &c, 1856, p. 173, this is given in 3- 
st. of 8 1., and is based on Fhil. i. 24, " To 
abide iu the flosh is more needful." As a 
whole it is not in C. U., but st ii. is in the 
American Church Pastorals, Boston, 1864, as, 
<• And shall I shun the sacred fight." [J. J,] 

I worship thee, sweet wiU of Gtod. 
F. W. Faber. [Will of God.] 1st pub. in 
his Jesus and Mary: or Catholic Hymns, &c., 
1849, in 14 at. of 4 1., entiiled "The Will of 



660 ICH ABMER SENDER BIN 

God," and repeated in his Hymn*, 1S62. In 
its fall form it is not usually ibund ill 0, U. ; 
but broken up into centos it is found as : — 

1. He ahreya wine who aides with God, In Ihe 
American Unitarian Bjrt. of the Spirit, Button, 18*4. 

1. I worahip Thee, idmI Wilt of 0*4. In several 
collections in 0. Britain and America. 

3. I bow before Thy -will, D Hod. In Dr. Dale's 
English S. Bit., 18T4. 

(, I bow nu te Thy wiU, Odd. InSpurgeon's 0. 0. 
If. Bk„ IBM, and others. 

s. I love to kin each print where Thou. In tbe 
Church Praia Bk., N.Y., 1SSJ. 

fl. I worship Thee, bleated Ood. In one or two 
tninor collections- 
Through those centos the hymn is widely 
known in G. Britain and America. [J, J.] 

loll armer SUnder bin aucb heilig. 

[SancUfieation.] included as No. 391 iu the 
Ohio G. B., 1870, in 9 at. of 6. 1., without 
name of author. Tr. as, ""Who knew no 
ain and no deceiving," by E. Oronenwett, as 
No.M2intheOhio£aA.2Ty(.,1880. [J. M.] 

lob bin eim Oast auf Erden. P. Ger- 
hard*. [Eternal Life.] A beautiful Pilgrim 
hymn of Homesickness for tbe Heavenly 
Fatherland ; founded on Fa. osix. 19, and 
Hob. xi. 13-16. First pub. in Ebeling*a ed. 
of his Geiitliche Andachten Berlin, 1666, 
Ander Duttet, No. 17, in 14 1: of 8 1: re- 
printed in Wackemagel's ed. of his Geu&iehe 
Lieder, 184.% No. 112, and Bachmann's ed., 
No. 98 ; and included as No. 824 in the Unv. 
L.S., 1S5J. 

The hymn is an echo of the tbonghta that sustained 
Qerhardt in the many trials of bis earthly pilgrimage. 
Lavxmann, In JRk%, Tlli. 566, relates that on the first 
Sunday of May, 1SS3, tbe retired and aged schoolmaster 
>f Althurg, near Otlv, in WQTttemberjE, was requested 
by his successor to act as organist for the day. He con- 
tented withjoy, and pang with the congregation the first 
stanza of this hymn ; but in the middle of the second hie 
bead fell en the tune-book, and his spirit departed. With 
the strains of thla hymn bis body wsa laid to rest a few 
days after. 

Translations in C. U. :— 

1, A pUfrim here I wander, a good tr., omitting 
st. ■iv.-viii., bv Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra 
Ger., 2nd ser., 1858, p. 173, and in her C. B.for 
England, 180*3, T&o. 148. Included in varying 
centos in Ps. # Hya., Bedford, 1859; Kennedy, 
1863 ; Peopte't H., 1867. In Holy Song, 1869, 
it begins, '* As pilgrims here we wander." 

t, A pilgrim and a atranger, a free tr. in 7 st., 
by Miss Borthwick, in //. L. L., 3rd series, 1858, 
p. 13 (1884, p. 139> Included ia full in the 
Schaff-Gilman Library of Set. Poetry, and in 
varying centos in the Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. 
Bk., 1868, Hatfield's Ch. B. Bk., 1873, &c. 

Other tra. are, (1) " On earth I'm but a pilgrim," by 
O. Wade, In the U, P. Jittentte Mill. Magawine, 1969, p. 
2&a i (2) •• A rest here have 1 never," by J. Ketly, 18(7, 
p. 31fl. See also note on " In exile here we wander." 

[J. M.] 

Icb bin get&ufl, atif delnem Hainan. 
J. J. Kamback. [Holy Baptitm.] lit pnb. as 
one of the 8 hymns which form pt, iii. of his 
Erbavliche) Htaidbiicnleinfilr Kinder, Oiesson, 
1731, in 7 st. of 6 1., entitled " Daily Renewal 
of the Baptismal Covenant" (Bode, p. 288). 
Included as No. 363 in his Geittreiche* Eaue 
O. B., 1785, and recently as No. 457 in the 
Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1863. It is one of the 
finest of his hymns. The trt. in C. U. are : — 

1. I am baptised into Thy name. In full, by Miss 
Winkworth, in her Lyra Ger., 2nd series, 1858, 



ICH WEISS MI8 KIN 

p. 91. Repeated more or less abridged in Holy 
Song, 1869, and in America in Boardroan's 
oWJrfton, 1881; Bapt. Service of Song, 1871; 
and Meth. Epis. Hyl., 1878. 

1. Baptized into Thy name moat holy, A good 
tr., omitting »t. vi,, by Miss Winkworth, as No. 
92 in her C. B. for England, 1863. Repeated in 
full, and with a tr. of st. vi. added, tn the Ohio 
Luth, Hyl., 1880. With st. it. omitted it is 
found in the 1880 Sappl. to the Bapt. Pt. $ Hys. f 
and ia Allan's Cong. Pnalmiet Hyl., 1886. 

8, father, Son, and Holy Spirit, Tm baptised ia 
Thy dear Same, A good tr., omitting st. vi., as 
No. 323 in the Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bk., 
1868, marked as tr.by Charles William Schaeffer, 
d,d., I860, [J. M.] 

lob rithme mich einaig der blutigen 
Wunden. [Love to Christ.] These words 
are given on the frontiapieoo of the HerrnAut 
Q. B., 1735, as the motto of that collection. 
They are not however by N. L. von Zinzen- 
dorf, but are taken from at. ii. of a hymn be- 
ginning "Aeh alles was Himmel und Erde 
nnuchlieBset," which is No. S47 in the Voll- 
stSndiges O. B., Hamburg and Ratzeburg, 
1679, in 8 st of 4 1„ and repeated as No. 69 
in Porst's ff. B. ed„ 185S. Tr. as :— 

" I glory In nothing, bat tn the Wounds bloody." 
as Ko, S32. in pt, i, of the Moravian H. Bk., DM. In 
the 1789 and later sds. (lBsa, No. «1) it begftiB, "Til 
glory In nothing but only in Jesus." TJ, ]tf,l 

lob singe dir mlt Herz und Hund, 

P. Oerhardt. [Thanksgiving.'] 1st pnb, in 
the Crvger-Runge &. B., Berlin, 1653, No. 186, 
inl8stof4L Thence in Wackemagel's ed. of 
his Geiitliche Lieder, No. 85, and Bachmann's 
ed., No. 27. Included in Oriiger's Praxis, 
1656, and most later collections, as recently in 
the Berlin 6. L. 8., ed. 1863. 3V. as :— 

Lord ! I sing with month and heart, In full in 
J. Kelly's P. <7.*s Spir. Songs, 1867, p. 255. 
A cento in 6 st. is found in the Ohio Lath. Hyl., 
1880, No. 364. 

Other tie. are, (1) "He neveryctbas made mistakes," 
or st. xvii., xrtli,, ss No- 4T6, inpt. L. of the AforaVLOn 
M. Bk., DM. (sj "I adng lo Thee with Heart and 
Tongue," in tbe Suppi. to aerfiPtalnoiy, ed. Dei, p. 
as. Included in the Moravian H. Bk., DBS, So. Box 
(18SS, No. Sir), altered, and beginning, "I'll pnuse 
lliee with my heart and tongue." (3) " I sing to Thee 
with mouth and heart," by Mitt Ctos, 180+, p. im. ft) 
"111 sing to Thee with heart end mouth," by Mitt 
Manington, 18W, p. 108. (S) " My heart's warm gush 
breaks forth In mirth," by S. Mattit, 18Sf. [J. M.l 

Icb weias mlr ein BlUmlein, 1st 
biibsob und fein. [Holy Communion.'] This 
is Na 278 in the Unv. L. S., 1851 (mir being 
omitted for metrical reasons), and is there (as 
also by Miss Winkworth) erroneously ascribed 
to Basiling Fortsch (b. at Rosala in Thuriugia, 
d. as pastor of Gnrnperta, near Oriamilnde, in 
1619). Wackernagel gives it as anonymous, 
and at v. p. 10 includes four forma, the oldest 
being from "Drey tehSne geiitliche Lieder, n 
printed separately in 1579. In his Biblio- 
graphie, p. 309, he had cited a broadsheet 
Ztcey tehbne neioe geitWche Lieder, which be 
dated Nuroberg, e. 1560. The form tr. by 
Miss Winkworth is that in the Leipzig G-. B., 
1586, in 8 st. Tr. as, " I knew a flower so 
sweet and fair," by Miss Winkworth iu I/yra 
Eueharittica, 1863, p. 107, repeated in the 
Schaff-Gilman Lib. of Bel. Poetry, od. 1883. 



IOH WILL DEM HEEBBN 

Ioh will dem Herren/meinem Gott, 
lobsingen. Thanktgiting. Included, as 
No. 564, in Freylinghausen's Neues geist- 
reiehes Q. B., 1714, in 14 at. of 2 1. IV.as:— 

(1) H I'll sing unto my God, tbe Lord of nature," la 
No. 61», In pt. L. of the Jtontnton S. Bk., lTii. fs) 
" To Thee, the Lord of all, I'll humbly ring," M Ho. 
1103 in tin ainl. of IMS to the JToroudti fl. fit., 18.01 

(lass, Ko. «b+). [j. MJ 

Ioh will dich lieben, meine Starke. 
J. Schejler. [Love to Christ.'] One of tho 
finest of his hymns, breathing a deep spirit 
of ardent devotion to the Saviour. 1st 
pub. as No. 10 in Bk. i., 1657, of his HeUige 
Bedeniatt {Werke, 1862, i. p. 41), in 8 st of 
6 1., entitled, " She [the Soul] promises to love 
Him even unto death." It passed through 
Freylinghausen's G. B., 1704, into many 
recent collections, and is No. 317 in tho Unv. 
L. 8., 1851. Tr. as:— 

1. ThM -will I lore, my strength, my town, 
Thee will I Iota, my joy, my cmwn, n fine tr,, 
omitting st. ii., by J. Wesley, in H. $ Sacred 
Poems, 1739 (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 176), 
two linea, "That all my powers," &c, being 
taken from Bp. Ken. Included in the Wesley 
B. $ Spir. Songs, 1753 ; Wet. H. Bk., 1T80 und 
1875; and recently in many English and 
American collections. The form beginning, "I 
thank Thee, uncreated Sun," ia the Amer. Meth. 
Epis, Hymns, 1849, and the Plymouth Coll^ 
1855, commences with Wesley's St. iv. 

B, Thee will I love, my srrvngtlii my glory, a free 
tr. of st. i., bv A. T. Russell, as No. 57 in the 
Daliton Hosp'ital H. Bk., 1848. In his own 
Ps. $ Hys., 1851, No. 186, he added free trs. of 
it. v., vi. 

9. I will love Thee, all my treasure t by Mrs. 
FindUter, in the 2nd sec, 1855, of the H. L. L., 
p. 13 (ed. 1864, p. 80), omitting st, ii. Included, 
more or less altered or abridged, in Cantate 
Domino, Boston, U.S., 1859, Andover fioWatt H. 
Bt., 1858, ire. 

4. Thee wOl I love, my strength, my tower, 
Thee will I love, my Hope, my Joy, a good tr., 
omitting st, ii,, vii,, by Miss Winkworth, as No, 
150 in her C. B. for England, 1863. 

Other tn, are, (J) "Alas that I not earlier knew 
Thee" (beginning with st. Hi.) In the Oarittion 



SBtmiwr. Boston, U. S., Sept., l»Sft, p. 3M. «} 
" Thee will I love, my Strength, my Town, Thee will I 
love, mj Joy, my Fence.* by R. Hsssle, in the Britiih 



Herald, April, 1866. p. H. repeated In Keid'a Pratu 
Bk., law, No. ast. (j) "Thei "" " " 
' by B. Muale, In 



*Thee will 1 love, my crown, 
le. In the Day n/Jtett, 18T», 
P-'«T. [J. M.] 

Ide, George Barton, s.r>., Baptist Mi- 
nister, was b. at Coventry, Vermont, in 1806 ; 
educated at Middlebnry College, Vermont; was 
pastor successively at Boston, Philadelphia, 
and Springfield, Massachusetts, and d. in 1872. 
Be edited the Baptist Harp, Philadelphia, 
1849, To that work he contributed 9 hymns. 
Of these, " Son of God, oar glorious Head (On 
bebalfof ministers) is still in C. U. [J. <T.J 

Id©, Mary. [Tower, Xary.] 

Idiomela, [Greek Hynuwdy, J i. II.] 

Idlomelon. [Greek Hymnedy, § jvt 9.] 

I oav 6 Nvfupw; epyerat. [Mt'oT- 
wsgifct.] This midnight hymn of the Eastern 
Church is taken from tho Ferial Midnight 
Office of the Greek Church, where it is given 



IF PAUL IN CJCSAB'S COURT 501 

at the beginning of tho Horologion. Tho tr, 
"Behold the Bridegroom cometh," by G, 
Moultrie, was pnb. in Lyra Meeeianica, 1864, 
p. 50 ; and again in Moultrie's Hys. it Lyrics, 
1867, p. 18. It was brought into congrega- 
tional uso through the People's H., 1867. It 
is in extensive use in America. [J. J.] 

'Itj<Toy yXvKVrare. [Theoettetus, 8t.] 

I«J0"oVS fowSoTr/S, fAvcVrnp Tf tifiM. 
par.] 

Iijo-oi!? inrep rav ico<rftav. St. Andrew 
of Crete. [Balm Sunday.] This is a cento 
from a canon of three odes, sun? at Compliuo 
on Palm Sunday. The canon dates cir. 660- 
732, and is found in the Greek Office for Palm 
Sunday, in the Triodion. (See Darnel, iiL p. 
50.) The cento therefrom translated by Dr. 
Neala, "Jesus, hastening for the world to 
suffer," is composed of the 3rd and 6th 
Troparia of the first ode ; tho 4th of tho second 
Ode, and the 6th and 7th of the third Ode. It 
was pub. in The Ecclesiastic and Theologian, 
1853, p. 349, and in his Hys. of the Eastern 
Church, 1862 (ed. 1882, p. 16). [J. J.) 

If God is mine, then present things, 

B. Beddome. [Security in God.] This hymn 
is in C, U. in two forms : — 

1, If Gcd ia mine, then present things. This ap- 
peared in the 10th ed. of Ktppon'a $a., lseo. No. JST, 
pt. 11., En e et. of 4 1., and is in somewhat extensive use 
In America, but usually In an ahrldeed form. 

I. If Christ is mine, then all a mine, This was 
given ftom Beddome J s wss. In his (nosthamons) ffmns, 
&c., Isir, No. 561, in set. of 11. This [a also in C. U, 
and more especial^ In America. [J, J,] 

tf human kindness meets return, 
G. T. Noel. [Gratitude. Holy Communion.] 
Given as No. 45 in 4 st. of i 1. in the 1st ea 
of his Pt. t£ IJot., 1610, In the 3rd ed., 1820, 
it is No. 61, It is also in the author's Arven- 
del, or SkeUsha in Italy and Switzerland, 1826. 
It is in extensive use in G. Britain and 
America, and usually unaltered, as in the 
New Cong*, 1859 ; and others. [J. J.] 

If I must die, O let me die. B. Bed- 
dome. [Death Anticipated.] This hymn was 
pub. in Dr. Kippon's Baptitt Register, 1794, 
p. 319, in 4 st of 4 1, in an obituary notice of 
Beddome. It there began : — 

" If I must die, O let me die 
Trusting In Thee alone." 

In the BapL Register, 1800, p. 312, it is given as: 

"Lord, mast I die? O let me die 
Trusting hi Thee alone." 

This text Tfos repeated in tho 10th ed, of Eip- 
pon's Sel, 1800, Ho. 550 (pt. iii.), and is found 
in a few modem colleelions, with sometimes 
two additional stanzas (ii. and v.), which were 
added in the 27th ed. of Rippon, 1827. In 
Beddome's (posthumous) Hymns, &o., 1817, 
No. 778, it is given in 4 st. ftom Beddome's 
use. as :— 

« ' ir I must die '—Oh let me die, 
Trusting in Jesus' blood." 
The American Sabbath H. Bk., 1858, and 
others ore from this text. [W. T. B.] 

If Paul in CeBsar'B court must stand. 

J. Newton, [St. Paul's Fbycye.] Givau ir 
tho Olney Hymns, 1779, Bk. i., No. 125, in 



562 IP SOLOMON FOR WISDOM 

8 at. of 4 1. It is not usually found in C. V. in 
its full form. A part of the hymn beginning 
with st v., " Believers now are tossed about, 
was given in the Edinburgh Hys. for the 
Tttberna*:i':s, 1800, and in Dr. Alexander's 
Avgustine U. Bk., 1843 and 1865. [J. J.] 

If Solomon for wisdom prayed, 

J. Newton. [Lent.] 1st pub. in tho Olne-y 
Hymn*. 1779, Bk. IV, No, S2, in 8 st. of 4 1., 
as tho second by inn on 1 Kings iii. 5, "Ask 
what I shall give thee." In its original form 
it is unltuown to tho hymnals ; but st. v.-viii., 
ns " And dost Thou say, Ask what thou 
wilt," is well known, and in extensive use. 
It appeared in this form in tho Arminian 
Magazine, 1781, p. 231. It is given in many 
modern collections in G. Britain and Ame- 
rica, and usually with slight alterations, which 
vary in different hymnals. In tho Presby- 
terian Sel. of Sys„ Philadelphia, ISfil, it 
begins, " Lord, dost Thou say," &c. [J. J.] 

If the Lord [ray] our Leader be. J. 

Newton. {Jack's Ladder."] Josiah Bull, in liis 
John Newton of Olney and St. Mary Woolnoth, 
1868, says, under date of June, 1774 : — 

"Writing about tills time to his sister-in-law, Mrs, 
Cunningham, who had removed to Scotland, he Bends her 
a copy of hla hymn, entitled * Jacob's Ladder, > s&ylng, 
' Your removal led my thoughts to the subject of the 
following by urn, and therefore you o light to hive a copy/ " 
(2nd ed. p. 201.) 

In 1779, tho hymn was given in Ihc Olney 
IIymns,.~Sk. i., No. 9, in 5 st of 8 1., with the 
title "Jacob's Ladder." It is found in a few 
modern collections in Amorica, [J. J.] 

If there bo any special thing. K 
Caswall. [Ingratitude.'] let pub, in his 
Masque of Mary, Ac, 1858, in 6 st of 4 1., 
and again in his HytnnsA Poems, 1873, p. 247. 
It is in C. U. in three forms, (1) the original 
in the 1802 Sappl. to the H. Noted; (2) as, 
"0 Jtsu Christ, if aught there bc,"iin tho 
Appendix to H. A. & M., 18G8, and the rovised 
ed., 1875; and, (3) "O Jesu Christ, if sin 
there be." This last is in the Hymnary, 1872, 
and was made by tho author's permission by 
tho editors. It changes a meditative piece 
into a hymn and prayer to Our Blessed 
Lord. [J. J.] 

Iiadem creati nuetibus. C. Coffin. 
[Thursday.'] Appeared in the Paris Breviary, 
1736, at Matins on Thursdays, and again in 
his BymniSacri, p. 22, of tho same year. The 
text is also in J. Chandler's Hys, of the Prim. 
Church, 1837, No. 26, and in Card. Newman's 
Hymni Ecdctiae, 1838 and 1865. Tr. as : — 

1. The deep a tiro-fold offspring bore. By J. 
ChandloT, in his Hys. of the Prim. Church, 1837, 
p, 23, in 6 st. of 4 1. This was repeated in the 
Hymnal for ■ the use of St. John the Ev., #c., 
Aberdeen, 1870, 

Z. This day behold the -waters bear. By J. D. 
Chambers, in his Lauda Syon, 1857, p. 24. 

3, Tho fleh. in ware, tho bird en -wing. This tr., 
us given in H. A. $ M., 1861 and 1875 \ Allon's 
Sappl. Hys., 1868 ; Kennedy, 1863 (altered), and 
othere, is by the Compilers of//. A. fy Jf., based 
upon J. Chandler as above, and the opening line 
from I. Williams's tr., 1839, 

4. praise tho Lord, the King of kings. This 
in the Ilymnary, 1872, is by the editors, based 
ujon J, D, Chambers'; tr. its above. 



I'M NOT ASHAMED TO OWN 

Another tr, is :— 

Tho flah la wave, end bird on wing, From gelfe&mo 
waters spring. 1. Williams, in Brit. Mag., 1834, and 
his Jigs, tr.fivm tie Parisian Bret., 1839, [J, J,1 

111 praise my Maker with my [while 
I've] breath. I. Watts. [Ps. czlvf] 1st 
pub. in his Psahtis of David, &c, 1719, in G 
st. of G 1., nnd headed, " Praise io God for His 
Goodness and Truth." It is sometimes given 
in this form: but tho more popular nrrango- 
ment, which is in extensive use in all English- 
speaking countries, is that by J. Wesley, be- 
ginning, "I'll praise my ..Maker while I've 
breath." This is oomposcd of st. i,, iii, iv, 
and vi. somewhat altered. It appeared in 
Wesley's -Ps, & Ilye., Charlestown, South 
Carolina, 1736-7 ; was repeated in the Wesley 
Ft. & Hys., 1743, and in the Wee. H.- Bk., 
1780. Another arrangement is, "Happy the 
man whose hopes rely." This is composed of 
st. iii., iv., and vi. somewhat altered, and was 
given in Cotterill's Sel.. 1810. Neither the 
original nor the arrangements by Wesley and 
by Cottorill have the aoxology which is found 
in some collections, [J. J.] 

I'm but a stranger here. T. B. Taylor. 
[Heaven ffte Horned] This hymn, wiitton appa- 
rently during his Inst illness, was pub. in 
his Memoirs and Select Remains, by W. S. 
Matthews, 1836, in 4 st. of 8 1., and hooded 
"Heaven is my home. Air — 'Robin Adair.'" 
In lHaS it was included in tho Leeds II. Bh. ; 
and later innumcrotis collections in G. Britain 
nnd Amorica, sometimes as " IFe are but 
strangers hero." Orig. text in Hit p. Ps. (C 
Hys., 185S and 1880, with tempest ibr " tem- 
pests" in st. ii. 1, 1. [J. J.] 

I'm kneeling at the threshold, 
aweary, faint, and sore. ir. L. Alexander. 
[Death Anticipated*') "I wrote it," writes Dr. 
Alexander, "after an evening spent with my 
venerable father then near tile end of bia 
eartldy pilgrimage, and when he spoke much 
of his longing to depart to and join those who 
had been tho companions of his pilgrimage, 
but had preceded him into the better laud." 
(b. l>s.) In 1865 it was printed in tho 
Sunday Magazine in 5 st. of S 1. From thai 
mngazino it first passed into a few American 
hymnals, and then into the 1874 Supp. to 
the Netv Cong.; the My. Camp., 1876, and 
others. It is tho most popular of Dr. Alex- 
ander's hymns. [J. J.] 

I'm not ashamed to own my Lord. 

I. Watts. [Not ashamed of the Qoepel.] Pub. 
in his Hys. .i 8. Songs, 1707, Bk. i.. No, 103, 
in 4 st. of 4 1., and based on 1 Tim. i. 12. 
Two forms of the hymn aro in C. D. Tho 
first is the original as in the New Cong., 1859 ; 
and the second is that in the Scottish Trans- 
lations and Paraphrases. In the Draft Trs. 
and Paraphs., 1745, Watts's text was given 
with the alteration of st. i., 11. 8, 4, to 
" Maintain the glory of Ills cross 
And honour all his laws." 

In the authorised issue of the Trs. and 
Paraphs., 1781, this alteration was retained, 
and others were introduced by W. Cameron 
(q. v.). This reenst has been in use in the 
Church of Scotland for mrae than 100 years, 
mid is easily distinguished from tho original 
by the alteration noted above. [J. J.] 



IMMENSE COELI CONDITOB 

Immense ooeli Conditor. St. Gregory 
(he fiheatl [Monday.] This hymn, on the 
Second Day of the Creation, has been fre- 
quently ascribed to St. Ambrose, but the 
Benediotine editors do not acknowledge it aj 
his, nor is it claimed for him by Luigi Birnghi 
in his Inni sinceri e earmi Ae Sant Ambrogio, 
Milan, 18G2. Mono thinks it is by St Gre- 
gory, but it ia not included in the Benedictine 
edition of St. Gregory's Opera. It ia found as 
a Vesper hymn in almost all old Breviaries 
and hyninaries, genorally assigned to Monday, 
aa in tho Soman, Saniin, York, Aberdeen, 
Motarabie and other Breviaries. 

Xme, No. zJs, gives the text from & us. of the 9th 
cent, at Trier, be, and Bays tbe first verse la in an 9th 
cent. us. at Trier. .Partial gives It at U Ho. BO. and iv. 
p. 80, from a Rhclnau us. of the 10th cent, &c. It 
a in four ires, of the llth cent, in the British 
Miuam (Vasp. D. ill. 1. 140.; Jul. A. vi. f. lib; 
Hsrl. 8961, f. SSI 8 s Add. 30,848, f.73 0), and In the Lat. 
Kys.f*f the Anglo-Saxon €h.,\s$\, p. 17, is printed from 
do nth cent, vs. (B. 111. 32, f. fi) at Durham. Among 
the St. GaU Mas. It is found In Ho. 20, of the 9th cent, 
and Nob. 3S7, 413 of the nth cent, Aleo in Card. Newman's 
Byvmi Eeclcsiat, 1S38 and 1885, Ac. [J, M.] 

Translations in C. U.;— 

1. Flood* of voter, lift in *ir. By T. Whyte- 
head, in his Poems, 1842, p. 72, in 5 st. of 5 1, 
This ia a paraphrase rather than a (r. of " Im- 
mense coeU Conditoi." In 1872 it was given in 
the Hymnary as "Lo! the firmament doth bear." 

S. Lord of immensity sublime. By K Caswall. 
1st pub. in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 17, in 
Sat. of 4 1,, and again in his Hys. $ Poems, 1873, 
p, 11. It was repeated in the People's If., 1867. 

S. Great Creator of tie aky. By J. M. Neaie. 
Appeared in the enlarged ed. of the H. Noted, 
1854, in 5 at. of 4 1., and thenco into the 
Hymner, 1882, &c 

Translation! not In C, V, : — 

1. AH present Primer of the sty. Bp, Xant, 1B31. 

2. Almighty Maker of the heaven. A. J. B. How, 
1844. 

3. Maker of Heaven 1 Who spread'st yon proud. 
kTffmnarium AngUcanvm, 1844. 

4. God of the boundless epace. W.J. CbpeEand. 1848. 

5. Thou Whose almighty Word, The firmament, &c, 
X. Campbell, 1880, 

6. Cord of unbounded apace. W. J. Blew, 1862-66. 

7. Lord of unbounded space. Card. Newman, vertet 
tut Various Rtligiaas Subject?, 1883, and tho Marquess 
of Bute's Rom. Breo. in English, 1870. 

£. Creator of the heavens. Whose arm, /. D. Cham- 
ben, 1SS7. 

9. Great Creator of the sky. J. Wallace, 1874, 
10, Creator, <Jad immense and wise. Primer, 1738. 

[J. J.] 

Immortal spirit I wake, wise. Char- 
lotte Elliott. [Startling.] Printed in. her Hymns 
for a Week, 1839, and pub. in the same 1842, 
in 10 st. of 4 1., and appointed for Tuesday 
Morning. It is based on Heb. xii. 1, " Let us 
run with patience the race that is net before 
us." In Whiting's Hys. of ike Ch. Catholic, 
1882, it is given in 6 st, and in the Preab, 
Set. of Eye., Philadelphia, 1861, No. 400, in 
5 st. The latter begins, "Lord, I to Thee 
commit ray way," that is, st. v. and vi. re- 
written, while st. ii.-v. are tho original st 
vi-x. [J. J.] 

In a land of strange delight. J. Mont- 
gomery. [Midnight.] Pub. in Collyer's Coll., 
1812, No. 920, in 4 st. of 4 1., and headed, 
"A Midnight Thought." In 1819 it was 
repeated in CotteriU'a Sel., No. 3+3, and 
Montgomery's Greenland and Other Poem; 



IN DOMO PATBIS 



503 



in 1825, in his Christian Pealmut ; and in 
1853, in his Original Hymn*. Various read- 
ings of st iv., 11. 3, 4, nre in C. U. These aro 
all by Montgomery, and appeared as follows :— 

1. In CoUycr's Coll., 1812:— 

" When I wake to meet my doom, 
I will bide in His embrace." 

2. In CotterUl's Sel, 1819, and iti Uio 
Christian Psalmist, 1S25 : — 

" Fearless In tbe day of doom. 
May I aee Him face to foco." 

3. In Greenland^ Ac., 1819 : — 

" Fcarlose in the day or doom, 
May I stand before His face." 

4. In Original Byrnnt, 1853: — 

" When I -wake to meet my doom. 
May 1 see Him face to face." 
Of these leadings No. 2 ia the finest, and ia 
also the most popular. [J. J.] 

In age and feebleness extreme. C. 
Wesley. [Trust in Jesus.] This stanza of 1. 
was tho last of tho magnificent scries of 
hymns and spiritual songs associated with the 
name of Charles Wesley. Dr. Whitehead, his 
physician, seems to have been tho first to give 
tho details to the public. This ho did in bis 
Life of John Wesley. In Jackson's Official 
Memoirs of the Rev. Charles Wesley, small cd., 
1S48, p. 455, the details are : — 

"Hence It appears that Mr. Jobn Wesley still enter- 
tained a hope of his brother's recovery. The decree, 
however, was gone fbrtb, and no means could avail for 
the preservation of bis life. While he remained in a 
state of extreme feebleness, having been silent and quiet 
for some time, he called Mrs. Wesley to him, and re- 
quested her t«:wr}to tbe following lint b at bis dictation :■— 
* la age and feebleness extreme, 

Who shall a einfnl worm redeem ? 

Jesus, my only hope Thou art, 

Strength of my failing flesh and boirt; 

O could I catch a smile from Thee, 

And drop into eternity.' 
" For fifty years Christ as the Redeemer of men had 
been the subject of his effective ministry, and of bis 
loftiest songa : and he may bo said to have died with n 
hymn to Christ upon his lips. He lingered till the 29th 
of March, 178B, when he yielded up his spirit into the 
hands of his 0od and Saviour, at the advanced age of 
seventy-nine years and three months." 

The stanza was included in the Wes. H. Bk. 
in 1875, but it had previously appeared else- 
where. It is not suited for congregational use. 
Its interest lies in its origin and its after 
associations. In G. 3, Stevenson's Meik. H. 
Bk. Notes, 1883, pp. 522-30, those after 
associations are gathered together in a long 
and interesting note. [J. J.] 

In Christ I've all my soul's desire. 

[ChrUt AU in All] Appeared in the Chris- 
tian Magazine, 1790, and signed " W. G. 
Bristol." In 1806, it was transferred, with 
alterations, to John Dobell's New Selection, 
No. 55, in 5 st. of i 1. This, the recognized 
form of the text, is in 0. U. in G. Britain and 
America, including Snopp's Songs of G. & G., 
1872, and the Dutch Kcfoimed Hys. for tfce 



Church, N. Y., 1869. 



L ^ 



J.] 



In domo Fatris summae raajestatis. 
[Eternal Life.] The text of this hymn is 
given by Mone, No. 302, from a 15 th. cent, 
us. at Karlsruhe, and with the title "A 
hymn of the various mansions and rewards of 
the Elect in the Heavenly Jerusalem." The 
tr. by J. M, Neole, " My father's Lfme eter- 
nal," was pub. in his Hys. cMffiy Mediaeval 

2 2 



564 IN DULCI JUBILO SINGET 

on the Jnyis and Gforie* of Paradise, 1865, 
p. 38, and repented in the People's H., 1867. 
Dr. Neale save of Ilia tr. that it " is little mom 
than an imitation and abbreviation of tho 
Latin," Also tr. as "In my Father's house 
on high," in Lyra Mystica, 1865, by 
" H. B. B." [W. A. S.] 

In dulci jubilo singet und sit vro. 
[Ghrnttnai.] This hymn is a macaronic, 
partly Latin and partly German. It was a 
great favourite in Germany till comparatively 
recent* times. It lias been often ascribed to 
Peter of Dresden, who <J. cir. 1410, but is cer- 
tainly older. Wackemagel, ii. pp. 483-486, 
gives 8 versions, varying from 3 to 7 st. of 8 1. 
(See Hoffmann von FaUersJeben't monograph 
In duki jubilo, Hannover, 1861, p. 46.) 

The trt. are, (0 " In dulci jubilo. now let us sing with 
mirth And Jo," in 3 et. (us in the FtalUs E/xlctiatticui, 
Mains, 1650), In the Gttdt and Godly Battalia, ea. 1568, 
f, 28 (1869, p. 41). (9) " Let Jubil trumpets blow, and 
hearts tn rapture flow," In 4 st. (as in King's a. B„ 
Wittenberg, 1529), in Zrjrra Bavidica, DBa, p. 1. (a) 
**Iu dulcljubllo— to the house of God we'll go" (as In 
Xing, 152S), by Sir J. Bowrlog, in his Bgm.ni, 1825, No. 
31. (4) " tn dulci jubilo, sing and shout, all below," m 
4 st- (aa In a Breslau 16th cent. Ha.), by Mitt Wink- 
wrtA, lasa, p. 94, (5) "In dulci jubik>, Let us onr 
homage anew, by R: L. de Pearsall, first In the JIutical 
Tiuut, and then in Novello'e Part Song Book, 2nd 
Series, vol, x„ 18BT, No. 395 (as in Slug, 1529). 

It has also passed into English through a 
recast (from the text of Klwj, 1529), entirely 
in German, which begins "Nun singet und 
aeid froh." This is in 4 st., and was 1st pub. 
in tho Hannover G. B., 1646, p. 222, and has 
been repeated in many subsequent collections 
as in the Berlin Q.L. 8. ed., 1863, No. 174. 

Tr. as "Now sine we, now Tejolce," a good and full 
tr. by A. T. Russell, as No 4S In his Pt, 4 Byi., issi. 
Another tr. is, ""We all indeed were periflh'd/'u tr, of 
et. iii., as No. 3<*2 lnpt. 1. of the Moravian if. Si., 1)54, 

[J. M.] 

In every object here I see. J. Newton. 
[Nature lifting the tool to God.'] Printed in 
the Qotpel Jtfogarine,June, 1774, and included 
in the Olney Hymns, 1779, in 2 st, of 6 1., and 
headed, "A Thought on tho Seashore." It 
was given in the Leeds 8. 8. U. H. Bk., 1833 
and 1879, as No. 128. [J. J.] 

In exile here we -wander, W, Coohe. 
[Septuagesima.] This hymn, pub. in the ifyro- 
nary, 1872, under the signature " A. C. C." 
was suggested to Canon Cooke by P. Ger- 
hardt's " Ieh bin ein Gast auf Erden" (q. v.), 
but it is not a tr. of that hymn. It was written 
for the Symnary. The alteration in Tbriog's 
CoU„ 1882, of st. ili., 11. 4-8, to 

" And we shall rise in that great day 
In bodies like to Thine, 
And with Thy aalnta, in bright array, 
Shall In Thy glory ehine," 

is the author's authorized test. [J. J.] 

In evil long I took delight, J. Newton. 
{Looking at the Cross.] Pub, in the Olney 
Hymn*, 1779, Bk. ii., No. 57, in 7 st. of 4 1., 
and headed, "Looking at the Cross," Al- 
though not referred to by Josiali Bull in his 
account of Newton (John Newton, &c, 1868), 
it seems to be of special autobiographical 
interest as setting forth the great spiritual 
change which Newton underwent. In its 
foil form it is rarely found in modern hymn- 
books. Two arrangements are in C, U. (I) 
"In evil long I took delight," abridged, and 



IN LATTER DAYS, THE 

(2) " I saw one hanging on a tree." The 
latter is mainly in American use, [J. J.] 

In Gtottee Kamen fakren wir. [Tra- 
vellers' Hymn.] This is fomid in varying 
forms from the 14th to 16th century, and 
was very much used by travellers on land and 
water, by the crusaders, at pilgrimages and 
processions, 4c. Wackemagel, ii. pp. 515- 
517, gives 6 versions, and at iii. pp. 1229-33, 
gives 5 versions, varying from 2 to 29 st., the 
oldest being from a Munich MS, of 142:!. 
(See also Hoffmann von Fallertleben, 1861, 
pp. 70-73, 212-215, Ac.) The forms tr. into 
English are: — 

i. Wackernaptl, li.. No. OSO, (Tom the Psaltet Ec- 
oluiatticat, Maini, 1550, In 4 at. Tr. as, " Now In 
the name of God we go," by Mitt WinlnoQrth, 1B6B, 
p. 43. 

il. Wackemagel, 11., No, 68a, from M. Vehe'e Getang- 
buthlein, Leipzig, 1G3T, in 12 St., and altered, in H. 
Bone's Gttntatt, 184), No. 3flS. Tr. as, "Onward In 
God's name we wend," by R. F. Llttledale, for the 
PeopU't Hyl„ 188), No. 1ST, omitting st. v., vi. It la 
appointed for Rogattontide, and signed "F. R." Re- 
peated in Dale's Englith N. Bk., 1B)6, 

ili. Wacktrnagel, HI., No. 1131, in 3 St., from the 
Bonn G. B., 1681 ; included as No. UN In U» Berlin 
G. L. &, ed. 1863. Tr. as, "In God's name,let us on our 
way," by Wise Winkworth, In her Lyra Ger., 2nd wr., 
185B, p. 10). Repeated as No. ISO in her C. B. for 
England, 18S3, and in the Ohio Lul\. Byl n 18S0. An- 
other tr. ie, " In God's luune we our way do go," aa 
No. 323 lnpt. 1. of the Moravian B. Bk., 1)64. 

In Knapp'a En. L. 8„ ed. 1865, No. 2744, 
this third form is ascribed to Jobann Hilt- 
stein, 1557. Hiltsteiu's hymn ( Wackemagel, 
iii. p. 1140, and Unv. L. 8„ 1851, No. 648} ia 
essentially different, [J. M,] 

In grief and fear, to Thee, O Lord 

W. Bullock. [In time of Trouble.] Appeared 
in his Simps of the Church, Halifax, N, Scotia, 
1854, pp. 221-222, in 5 L of 4 st., entitled, 
" The Church in Plagne or Festilenoe," and 
based upon the words, ■'God is our Befuge 
and Strength, a very present help in trouble." 
In 1S6I it was given in H. A.AM.; in 1863 
in Kennedy, and again in many other collec- 
tions, and usually with the omission of st. iii., 
which reads :- — 

" Our eina Thy dreadful anger raise. 

Our deede Thy wrath deserve ; 
But we repeat, and from Th j ways 

We never more will swerve." 

The H. A. A M. text, with st. i„ 1. 3, thus : 
" And while Thy judgments are abroad," and 
the stanza above quoted, will give the oris;, 
text Its use is somewhat extensive. [J. J.J 

In humble faith, and holy love. T. 
Bennell. [Holy Trinity.] These stanzas by 
Dean Bennell form the words of the anthem 
known by the above first line, No. 304 of the 
Musical Timet series, the music being by Dr. 
George M. Garrett In its original form tbo 
hymn is not need as such in the collections, 
but rewritten by Dr. Kennedy as, " A triple 
light of glory shines," it was included in his 
Hymno. Christ., 1863. [J. J.] 

In latter days, the mount of God, 
[The ChuTcJt the House of God.] In the 
Scottish Translations and Paraphrases of 1745, 
this is given as No. xxviii. on Is. ii. 2-6, as 
follows : — 

l. 
" In latter Dayg, the Mount of God, 
bia sacred House, shall dee 
Above the Mountains And the Hills, 
and strike tbe wond'rlng ^yes. 



DT LATTEfi DAYS, THE 



" To tills the joyful Nations round, 
all Tribes and Tongues shall flow ; 
Up to the House of God, they'll say, 
to *Tacv6*i God, well go. 
3. 
" To us he'll point the Ways of Truth : 
the acred Path we'll tread : 
from Salem and from J&rR-Hill 
bis Law shall then proceed. 
4, 
" Among the Hationi and the Isles, 
as Judge supreme, he'll sit : 
And, vested with unbounded Pow'r, 
will punish or acquit, 
S. 
" No Strife aball rage, nor angry Feuds, 
olsturb these peaceful Years,; 
To plow-shares then they'll beat their swords, 
to Prunlng-hook* their Spears, 

s. 

" Then Nation shan't 'gainst Nation rise, 
and slanghterM Hosts deplore : 
They'll lay the useless .Trumpet by, 
ahd study War no more. 
1. 
H come ye, then, of Jafab'a house, 
our Hearts now let us Join : 
And, walking in the Light of God, 
with holy beauties shine." 
The author of this piece is unknown, and 
the piece itself has poised out of use. From 
it, however, there has grown a hymn concern- 
ing the authorship of which much discussion 
has arisen. The details of this controversy 
are given under Brues, M. (q.v.J. From evidence 
there adduced we hold tliat the revision of the 
above, known as, " Beliold the mountain of 
the Lord,'' was written by M. Bruce about 
1764; that after his death in 1767, the us. was 
given to J. Logan for publication ; that in 
1781 Logan published it in his Poems as his 
own ; and that the same year, as one of the 
revisers of tlie Scottish Translations and 
Paraphrase, ho secured, after some alterations 
and the addition of a stanza, also altered from 
the original of 1715, its insertion therein. 

2. The text as given in Logan's Poems, 
1781, p. 106, No. 5, and which is the ntarest 
.approach to Brace's original that can he at- 
tained, is as follows : — 

" Behold 1 the mountain of the Lord 
In latter days shall rise, 
Above the mountains and the hills, 
And draw the wondering eyes. 

a. 

" To this the Joyful nations round 
All tribes and tongues shall Sow ; 
Up to the hill of God, they'll say, 
And to His bouse we'll go. 
3. 
" The beam that Bhlnes on Ztou's Uill 
Shall lighten every land. 
The King who reigns In Zion's towers 
Shall all the world command, 
4. 
H No strife shall vex Messiah's rsSgn, 
Or mar the peaceful years ; 
To ploughshares soon they beat their swords, 
l£ prunlng-hoots their spears. 
0. 
" No longer hosts encountering hosts, 
Their millions slain deplore ; 
They bang the trumpet In the ball 
And study war no more. 
Q. 
" Come then— come from every land, 
To worship at His shrine ; 
And. walking In the light of Ood, 
With holy beauties shlr.e." 

3. As already indicated, this text with slight 
alterations, and the original si, iv. as above, 
altered to " Among the nations," &c, was 



IN NEVER CEASING SONGS 665 

given in the Scottish Translation* and Para- 
phrases, 1781, No. xviii., as follows : — 

St, i., as above, 1781, with 1. 3, " On mountain tops, 
nooi-e," &c. St. II, as above, 1781. St. iii., as abovf>, 
1731. St. iv,, from 17*5, at. iv. altered. St. v., " So 
strlle shall rage, nor hostile fe&dt ditttirb rW^pracrfuL 
yesrs," be, 1781. St. v!„ 1. I, as I7»l; 2, •• Ska!l 
crowds of slain deplore "i 11. 3 and t as 1781. St. vil, 
"Come, then, O haute of Jacob! eojne'*i 11. 2, 3, 4 as 
17S1. Modern editions are somewhat different from tbia, 

4. In this last form the hymn has been hi 
authorized use in the Church of Scotland for 
more than 100 years, and is found in the 
hymnals of most English-speaking countries. 
It should be designated as Scottish Trs. & 
Paraphs., 1745, rewritten by M, Bruce, and 
altered by J. Logan. 

5, In Miss J. E. Leeson'B Par. and Hymn*, 
ftc, 1853, this hymn is given as rewritten by 
her for that collection as, "The mountain of 
Jehovah's house." It is in 5 st of 4 ]. 
Another form, dating from Belknap's Ft. & 
Hymns, Boston, 1795, beginning " er moun- 
tain tops, the mount of God," Is in 0. U. in 
America. [J. J.} 

En life's gay dawn, when sprightly 
youth. T. BUuMock, [Children.'] 1st ap- 
peared as No. 16 in the Draft Scottish Trans- 
lations and Paraphrases, 1781, as a version of 
Eccles. xii. 1, in 4 st. of 4 lines. In the pub- 
lic worship cd. issued in that year by the 
Church of Scotland, aud still in use, dawn in 
st. i., 1. I, was altered to morn, and 8 other 
lines rewritten. In the markings by the 
eldest daughter of IF. Cameron (q. v.) ascribed 
to Blackloek. Included in Paterson's Coll., 
Glasgow, 1807, and in America in the Spring- 
field Coll., 1835. In the American Prot. Epis- 
copal Coll., 1826, No. 92, it was altered to" O, 
in the mom of life, when youth." This was 
followed in America in the Bap. Psalmist, 
1843 ; Cheshire Association Christian Hymns, 
1844; and further altered to " In the glad mom 
of life, when youth," in Adams & Chopin's 
Coll., 1846, or to "In the bright morn of life, 
when youth," as in the Bap, Praise Bk., New 
York, 1871. [J. M.] 

In natali Domini. [Christmas.! This 
hymn probably is of the 14th or 15th cent. 
Waclcernagei, i. pp. 202-203, gives five versions 
varying from 2 to 6 st, the oldest being from 
a 15th cent. us. at Munich. Tho form tr. into 
English is his No. 323— which appeared with 
the German in 6 st. of 7 1. in the Enchiridion 
geisttiher leder, "Wittenberg, 1571. Daniel, i.. 
No, 474, quotes it from Wackernagtl's 1st 
ed. (1841). It has passed into English 
through the German "Do (Da) Christus 
gebaren war Frdwden sick der Engel schar," 
which appeared with the Latin, 1571, as 
above, and thence in lTnc7ie™a(feI, iv. p. 790, 
in 6 st. of 7 1., repeated as No. 26 in tlic Va it. 
L.S., 1851. Tr. as:— 

Hark 1 the heavenly hosts proclaim, A good ir. of 
et. !, 11, iv, by A. Tl Russell, us No. r.O in his l's. it 
Hys., 1H51. Slightly altered and beginning " Hark, the 
angel clioLra," as No. 101 In Kennedy, 1BU3. Another 
tr. Is "On the birthday of the Lord," By Dr. Little- 
dale in Lum Mestianiea, 1864. fj, Ji 1 

In never ceasing songs of praise. 
B.'Bediiome. [The overruling of all for fiowi.] 
Pub, in his (posthumous) Hymns, &c, 1817, 
No. 34, in 5 st. of 6 1. In this form it is not 
in C. U. ; but the hymn " Temptations, trials, 



566 



1ST NOCTIS UMDBA 



doubts and fears," included in the 1800 ed. of 
Kippon's SeL, No. 286, lit. ii., litis many lines 
iu common. Whether Beddomc'ij 1817 text 
is Bippon't 1800 text expanded from 3 st of 
4 1. to 5 at. of 6 1., or whether the 1800 text 
was abridged by Rippon from Beddomo's MS., 
we cannot say. [J. J.j 

In noctis umbra desides. C. Coffin. 
[Advent] Appeared in the Ports Breviary, 
1736, for Compline la Advent } and again in 
Coffin's Hyimi Saeri, 17SS, p. 93. The text 
is also in J. Chandler's Hys. of the Primitive 
Church, 1837, No. 12, and Card. Newman's 
Bymni Eodtmae, 1838 and 1865. Tr. as :— 

1. "While we our weary eyelids eloM. By J. 
Chandler, in his Ey». of the Prim. Ch., 1837, 
p, 10. It is repeated in a few collections. 

9, When efeadei of night around nx eloee. By 
the Compilers of H. A. $ M, 1st printed in 
their trial copy, 1859, and then in the 1st ed., 
1861. 

S. When night has veiled the earth ia shade. 
By the Editors of the Hymnary, 1873, principally 
from the trs. by J, Chandler and J. D. Chambers, 

Translation* not in O. V. : — 

l. And now with shades of night opprcst, J, William. 
IBM. 

3. When clouds of darlcoess veil tho sky. II. Vamp- 
hell, lew. 

3. Xn Nlgbt'a dim shadows lying. W. J. BUw. 

1SS2-6. 

4. In shadowy night, whilst drowsy nleen. J, X>. 
Clumber: 1867. [J. J.] 

In passions Domini, qua datur solus 
homint St. Bonaventnra. [Passiontide.] 
This is ascribed to St. Booaventura, and is 
given in his Opera, Mainz, 1609, vol. vi.p.417, 
as a hymn for a Little Office of the Passion at 
Matins. Mom, No. 84, gives the text from 
threo msb, of the lith cent., ono at Strossburg, 
and two (ono of which belongod to tho abbey 
of Keichesian) at Karlsruhe. He mentions 
another mb. at Karlsruhe as assigning it to 
Compline on tho festival of the Crown of 
Thorns ; and Daniel, iv. p. 219, in giving the 
text of Mone, cites it as a hymn at Mating on 
this festival in the Constant Breviary, 1516. 

[W. A. S.] 

Translations In C. O. : — 

1. In the Lord'a atoning grief. By f. Oakeley. 
Written in 1841 for use in Margaret Street 
Chapel, Tendon, of which the translator was 
then the Incumbent, and pah. in his Devotions 
Commemorative of the Passion of Oar Lord, &c, 
1842. In 1852 it was included, with altera- 
tions, in Hys. and Int/oits, and thence, in 1861, 
. into H. A. $■ M., in 5 st. of 4 1. This text 
has heen repeated in several collections, and 
sometimes abridged to 3 St. as in Thring's Coll., 
1882. 

S. In oni Lord's atoning grief. This arrange- 
ment of Canon Oakeley 's tr. appeared in the 
Cooke & Denton Hymnal, 1853, ijo. 68, and was 
repeated in Chope's Hymnal, 1864. St. i., ii., 
iv. are from Oakeley, and iii. is new. 

Translation not in fl. V. ; — ► 

Thy wondnms passion life, O Lord. J. D. (Lambert. 
185f. [J. J,] 

In streets and openings of the gates. 
J. Logan. [Voice of Wisdom.'] 1st pub. in 
the Scottish Translations ancl Paraphrases, 
1781, No. x., in 7 st of 4 1. We have ascribed 



IN THE HOUR OP TRIAL 

this paraphrase to J.Logan on evidence given 
in the memoir of X. Bruce in this work (q.v.). 
In Miss J. E, Leeaon's Paraphs, and Hys., 
1853, No, 43, this hymn opens with the uauio 
first line ; but it is a rewritten form of the 
hymn in 4 st. by Miss Leeson. [J. J.] 

In the beginning God said "Bel" 

J. Montgomery. [Creation.] This hymn is 
dated in the original mb, "Written at Dins' 
dale, Sep. 22, 1835." In 1853 it was in- 
cluded in Montgomery's Original Hymns, 
No. 2, in 4 st. of 4 1., and entitled " The 
Creation and Dissolution of all Things." Its 
use is limited. [J. J.j 

In the Cross of ChrUt I [we] glory. 
Sir J. Bowring. [Glorying in the Cross.] 
Pub. in his Hymns, 1825, in 5 st of 4 1,, and 
based upon Gal. vi. 14. It has passed into 
numerous collections in G. Britain and Ame- 
rica, and is one of the most widely known <>f 
the author's hymns. It is sometimes given 
as " In the Cross of Christ we glory." [J. J.] 

Da the fields with their flocks abid- 
ing. F. W. Farrar. [Christmas Carol] 
Written in 1871 for one of the Harrow Con- 
certs, and subsequently embodied by Mr. John 
Farmer in hU Oratorio Christ and his Soldiers. 
Fiom the Oratorio it was transferred, together 
with the original music, to Mrs. Brock's 
Children's H. Bk,, 1881. It is also in several 
other collections. [J. J.] 

In the hour of my distress. B.Herriel^ 
[Litany to the Holy Spirit] Tbfs Litany was 
pub. in his Noble Numbers, &c, 1647, in 12 st. 
of 4 1. ; and in Dr. Grosart's Early English 
Poets, 1869, vol. iii. p. 132. The form in 
which it is found in C. TJ, is that of a cento. 
Tho stanzas chosen vary in the hymnals, those 
usually omitted being too quaint for congre- 
gational use. In some collections it begins "In 
the time of my distress." It is also sometimes 
given as " In the hour of deep distress," witji 
the refrain " Good Spirit, comfort me." This 
form of tho text appeared in Cotterill's Set., 
1819, where it was given as a sequel to " O 
Thon from Whom all goodness Horn" It is 
in extensive use in G. Britain and America. 
Orig. tout In Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 306. [See 
Englinh Hymnody, Early, § is.] [J. J.J 

In the hour of trial J. Montgomery. 
[In Trial and Temptation.] Montgomery's 
original us. of this hymn is dated " October 
13, 1834 ; " and on it the names of twenty-two 
persons are written to whom he sent MS. copies, 
together with the dates on which they were 
sent [w. Mas.]. The text is the same as that 
given ia Montgomery's Original Hymns, 1853, 
No. 193, in 4 st. or 8 1,, with the exception 
of st. iii., 1. 4, which reads, " O'er tho sacri- 
fice." Four forms of the tost (besides minor 
alterations, are in C. U. : — 

1. The authorised text of luoS. Thie was given In 
Mercer's Oi. fa. & K fit,. ISM, and has become 
exceedingly popular tn G. Britain and America. Thla 
text is that given in ttae Hy. Ottmp, -with st. 1., 1. £, 
Jott for " Jesus," and Bp. Bickeretetb^ note (In Isle) 
on his text : " This hymn, hj J. Montgomery (1823) is 
given, as varied by F, A. Hnttou (1661)," ia in error 
both -with regard to date and text. 

3, An altered text by Mrs. Francea A. Hntton, given 
la Prebendary H. IV. Huttan'e [Lincoln) Su^lemmt 
an4 Utmies, u.n. This text is easily recognised by 



IN THE MORNING} HEAR MY 



stanza wltb that by Mont- 

Mrs. Button, 

' When my Jatt tour 

amtth, \andpain; 

JVut^lM vith ttrift 

TTAflt my dtuf returneth 

lb tad d»ie <tja»s j 
On Thy truth relying 
Through that mortal 
strife. 
Jems, take me, dying, 
To eternal life.*' 



comparing the concluding 
gomery: — 

Jfongipomeity. 
" When, In dust and ashes, 
To the grave 1 sink, 
While heaven's glory 
flashes 
O'er the shelving brink, 
On Thy truth relying, 
I'hrough that mortal 
strife, 
Lord, rewire me, dying, 
To eternal life." 

3. The text as In Tlirlng/s C&U., 1992, which is Sirs. 
Hutton'a text slightly altered. 

1. The text in Church Kys., 18H. The alterations In 
at. 111., iv., ore by the editors. This text may be easily 
recognised In any other collection by »t. iv., li l,i; — 
" When my lamp low burning 
Sinks in death's last pain," be 

The opening lines of this hymn have been 
the subject of much controversy, it being held 
by many that the petition, 

" In the hour of trial, 
Jeeos, pray for me," 

ia unscriptural. That Montgomery himself 
was ndt at one time quite satisfied with tho 
petition is evident fiom the fact that a copy 
of tho hymn in his handwriting, dated 
« Sheffield, Apl. 25, 1835." (Wincobank Holl 
mss.) roods ; 

•• In the honr of trial, 
Jesus, stand by Toe." 

Tho outcome of this difficulty is found it) 
tho following readings of this lino : — 

1. Jcsua, prayfer me. Original us. 

2. Jesus, ttand oy me- Wincobank Hall vs. 

3. Jesus, pray far me. Montgomery. 0, flyJ., 18M. 

A. Jesus, ftelp Inou me. Mrs. Button. 

B. Jesu, pUadfor me. Thring'B Ooll. 

When tbeso various forms of the test are 
taken into account, it is found that this liyinn 
ranks in popularity with the best of Mont- 
gomery's productions. [J. J.] 

In the morning hear my voice, J. 
Montgomery. [Vailfj Prober.] Montgomery's 
original Ms. of this hymn is dated " Jany, 7, 
1834, * and on it are given the nomes of fif- 
teen perBons to whom copies were sent. Mont- 
gomery pub. the hymn in his Original Hymns, 
1853, No. 80, in 5 st. of 4 1., as "A Prayer 
for overy day and all day long." Its usu is 
mainly confined to America. [J. J.] 

In the night of my solitude kneeling 
alone. J. D. Barm. [Kight.) Appeared 
in his little book of prayers and hymns, The 
Evening Hymn, 1857, No. 22, in 6 st. of 4 
double lines, and headed "In the night His 
song ahull be with me." It deals with the 
"night" of "solitnde," "sorrow," "tempta- 
tion," " sickness," " desertion," and "life "a 
stanza boing devoted to each. It is a most 
effective hymn for private devotion. It is in 
Dalo's Englisli H. Bk., 1875. [J. J.] 

In the son and moon and stars. Bp. 
B. Heber. {Advent.') Appeared in the Ckrit- 
tiaa Observer, Oct. 1811, in 4 st. of 4 1., and 
jieadcd " 2nd Sunday in Advent— Luke xxi." 
It was repeated with some changes in the text 
in Hehcr's posthumous Hymnt, &a, 1827, p. 9. 
This text is that usually followed in the hymn- 
books in Q-, Britain and America. [J. J.] 

In Thee we live, and move, and are. 
John Mason, [Providcnee.) This is a most 
successful oento compiled by Dr. Kennedy 



IN VAIN APOLLOS SILVER 567 

for his Hynno. ChrUt., 1863, No. 1409, in 5 st. 
of 4 1. It is from various 'JBongs " in Mason's 
Spiritual Bongs, or Songs of Praise, first pub. 
in 1683 as follows :— 

St. i. rrom "Song of Praise for Preservation," st. 111., 
]. 1-4. St. II. From "Sang of Praise for Providence," 
st. ill., 1. 1-4. St. HI. From " Sung of Praise for Pro- 
tection," et. !., 1. &V8. St. It. From " Song of Praise for 
Piotectlon," st. !!., 1, 1-4. St. v. From " Bong of P. for 
Family Prosperity," aL v., L s-8. 

These " Songs " ore Nos. iv., v., vi. and viii. 
respectively, and are found in full fnD. Sedg- 
xrick'8 reprint of Mason's Songs of Praise, 
1859. [J. J,] 

In Thy Hame, O Lord, assembling, 
T. Ketty. [Publio Worship.) 1st pub. in his 
Hymns . . . Ml before Published, 1815, No. 24, 
in 3 st. of 61. (Hymns, 1853, No. 371.) In 
its original form it is in extensive use, and as 
" In Thy courts, Lord, assembling,*' it is 
also fonnd in several collections. The latter 
text was given in Martinean's Hymns, 1840 
and 1873, and others. [J. J.] 

In token that thou shalt not fear. 
H, Alford, \Holy Baptism.) In Mrs. Alford's 
Life of Dean Alford the origin of this hymn 
is thus stated : — 

"Some lines on • The Sign of the Crass In Laptism 
(suggested by JZoo&r** Seel. FoHty, Bk, v.. sec. G6) 
'were written at this time. They were sung four years 
afterwords in Wymeswold Church as a hymn when his 
first child was christened, and since their publication 
they have come to be used not uafrequently on the 
occasion- of a Baptism." Ltfe, 11. p. ?B. 

The passage from Hooker here referred to 
by Mrs, Alford is : — 

"Seeing therefore that to fear shame which doth 
worthily follow eln, and to bear undeserved reproach 
constantly, ia the general duty of all men professing 
Christianity; ecelog also that our weakness while we 
are In this present world doth need towards spiritual 
duties tho help even of oorporul furtherances, and that 
by reason of natural intercourse between the highest 
and the lowest powers of man's mind In ail actions, his 
fancy or imagination carrying In it that special note of 
remembrance, than which there Je nothing more forci- 
ble where either too weak, or too strong a conceit of 
jpfatuy And diegraoe might do great harm, standeth 
always ready to put forth a kind of necessary helping 
band j^wo are in that respect to acknowledge the good 
and profitable use of this ceremony, and not to think it 
superfluous that Christ hath Hie mark applied upon 
that part where bashfulness appearctb, In token that 
they wnlcU are Chrletlans should beat no time ashamed 
of Hie Ignominy." 

The hymn was written at Hcale, during 
Alford's stay from June 5 to July 17, 1832, 
with his undo, Mrs. Alford's father, and was 
first printed in the British Magatine,Dea, 1832. 
In 1833 it was repeated in Alford's aconymoua 
Poems A Poetical Fragments, and subsequently 
in most of his poetical works and collections 
of hymns, including his Year of Praise, 1807. 
In the numerous collections in which it is 
found, both in G, Britain and America, it is 
usually given in a correct form. It is some- 
times found " In token that we should not 
fear." It is given in a greater number of 
hymn-books than any other hymn for Holy 
Baptism, and in popularity it ranks amongst 
tho Dean's hymns as second only to his 
" Come, ye thankf ul people, eome." [J. J.] 

In vain Apollos' silver tongue. B. 
Beddome, [Before Sermon.] Appeared anony- 
mously in Eippon's Bap. 8el., 1787, No. 360, 
in 2 st. of 4 1. In Beddome's (posthumous) 
Hymns, 1817, No. 588, there is a hymn in 
3 at. of 4 1. beginning " In vain does PauTt 



568 INCARNATE GtOD ! THE 

persuasive tongue." The former hymn ia 
either tho latter re^ttten from 3 at. to 2, or 
the latter is the former expanded. As Beddome 
supplied Rippon with many of his hymns in 
Ms,, probably the 1817 text is the original. 

[J. J.] 

Incarnate God ! the soul that knows. 
J. Newton. [Safety of the Believer.] Pub. in 
the Olmy Hymm, 1779, Bk i., No. 47, in 
8 Bt. of 4 1., and headed " Tlie Believer'B 
Safety. Psalrn xei." It is in use in its 
original form, nod also as, *' God most high, 
the son] that knows." This altered form of 
st. i., vi.-viii. was made by W. J. Hall for his 
Mitre H. Bk., 1836, No. 83. Sometimes, as in 
the Jfaw X&re, 1875, a doxology is added, 

[J. J.] 

f Incarnate Word, Who, wont to 
dwell. Bp. B. Btber. [Epiphany.] Ap- 
peared in hU (posthumous) Hymn*, &c, 18CT, 
p. 32, in 4 st of 4 1., and appointed for the 
2nd S. after Epiphany. It is given in several 
collections in an unaltered form. Another 
form, " Messiah, Lord, Who, wont to dwell,'* 
is also in C. TJ. This was given in Bfartineau's 
Hymns, 1810. [J. J.] 

Indulgent God, to Thee I raise. T. 
Octet. [Praise for Salvation.] Included 
anonymously in the 10th ed. of Sippon's Bapt. 
Set., 1800, No. 299 (Pt. iii.), in 6 si of 4 I., and 
headed " Happy in the Salvation of God." In 
some copies of the 1827 edition of Kippon the 
Monk is filled in with "Coles." After Dr. 
Rippou's death in 1836, three editions of his 
Set. appeared : (1) his original Bel. as revised 
in 1827 ; (2) on edition pub, by Hall, Virtue 
& Co., which was a reprint of Hippon'a 1800 
edition with additions; and (3) The Compre- 
hensive Sippoa, 1844. In No. 2 this hymn is 
ascribed to "B. Franeit," and in No. 3 to 
*' Francu." That No. 1 in giving it to T. 
Coles," ia right is evident from a communica- 
tion from B. F. Flint, grandson of B. Francis, 
to D. Sedgwick, dated " Jan. 20, 1859," in 
which he says "'Indulgent God, to Thee I 
raise,* ascribed to my Grandfather, is not his, 
hut was written by the late Key. Thomas 
Coles of Bourton." [J. J.] 

Indulgent Sovereign of the skies. 

P. Hoddridqe. [Fast Una.] Iu the D. Has., 
this hymn, No. 76, is headed " God intreated 
for Jernsolem. A hymn for a Fast Day, 
from Isa. lxii., 6, 7," and ia dated "Jan, 4, 
I73JJ." It ia also in the Brooke Has. It was 
pub. in Doddridge's (posthumous) Hymns, &c, 
1755, No. 120, in 10 st. of 4 1., with tho 
heading changed to " God intreated for Zion ; 
Isaiah lxii,, 6, 7. For a Fast Day ; or, A Prayer 
for the revival of Religion ; " and repeated in 
J. D. Humphreys's ed, of the same, 1839, 
No. 136, It is usually given in the hyma- 
books in an abridged form, and sometimes as 
" Thou glorious Sovereign of the Skies,'" [J.JJ 

Ingemann, Bernhardt Severin, was 

b. at Thor Kildstrup, Island of Falster, May 
28, 1789. From 1822 to his dentil in 1862, he 
was Professor of tho Danish Language and 
Literature at the Academy of Soto, Zealand, 
Denmark. He was * poet of some eminence. 
His collected works were pub. in 1851, in 34 
volumes. Seven of his ayrana tr. into English 



INGHAMITB HYMNODY 

are given in Gilbert Tail's Hymm of Denmark, 
1868. The only hymn by him in English 
CU.isr- 

IgicoanB Vti eg TraeigMl, Units and Progress, 
U li dated 18JE, and la given In the liyt TiUatg til Eean- 
gtiiik-ckriitdiji. PjaJme&ofr, Copenhagen, 18M,No,S0i. 
Ia Its tr. fona a* " Through the night of doubt and 
Borrow," hy the Rev. S, Baring-Gould, It baa become 
widely enron in most Engllah-apealting countries. 
Their, was pub. In the PeopltFi IT., 1881. ltvasgre&tly 
improved In B. A. * JK, 181B, and bubeen specially set 
to music by several composers. [J. J.l 

Ingham, Benjamin, it.A. Tho details 
of the life of this hymn-writer are given in 
the article on Inghamite Hymnaly. Ingham's 
hymns appeared in the Kendal H. BJc, 17S7, 
and in various editions of the English Moravian 
H.Bk. Thel886ed.oftheafbr«tWa»Zr.£&. 
contains the following hjmna by him . — 
l. Jeeoe, my Saviour, foil of grace. Jetut Alt in AIL 
a. Tub one thing needful, that good part. Jftuyi 
CaotM, [J. J.] 

Inghamlte Hymnody, The Inghamite 
Society was founded by the Rev. Benjamin 
Ingham, brother-in-law to the Countess of 
Huntingdon. He was h. at Osset, Yorkshire, 
June 11, 1712, and educated at Queen's 
College, Oxford. At Oxford he made the 
acquaintance of Whitefield and the Wesleys, 
a circumstance which greatly influenced his 
after life. In 1735 he was ordained by tho 
Bishop of Oxford (Dr. John Potter), and in 
October of the same year he sailed with 0. 
Wesley to Georgia, in America. On the 
voyage he made the acquaintance of several 
Moravian missionaries, who were also pro- 
ceeding to America, and on his arrival iu 
that country he joined them in their work. 
Returning to England in 1738, he began 
preaching in various churches and chapels 
in Wakefield, Leeds, and. Halifax; but in 
June, 1739, he was inhibited from preach- 
ing in any of the churches in the diooese of 
York. He continued to labour with tlie 
Moravians in Bedfordshire, Nottinghamshire, 
Lancashire, and Yorkshire, 4c, where several 
Moravian settlements were subsequently estab- 
lished, that at Fulneck, near Leeds, being on 
ground given to the Society by Ingham. 
Ingham's Society and chapels were, Iiowever, 
distinct from the Moravians, and hiB preachers 
looked to him as their head. In 1755, at a 
genera] meeting of his preachers, at Winewall, 
near Colne, in Lancashire, he was elected 
General Overseer of the Societies, and William 
Batty (q.v.), and Jnmes Allen (q.v.) were 
chosen as his fellow-helpers, who were set 
aside for their work by prayer and the laying- 
on of hands by Ingham. At about that time 
the Inghamites had upwards of eighty chapels, 
but mainly through internal dissensions they 
have dwindled to a very smalt number. Tho 
first hymn-book published for the use of this 
society was printed at Leeds, and was drawn 
mainly from the Lady Huntingdon Coll. The 
most important collection was that known as 
the Kendal Hymn Book, whioh was published 
in 1757, and to it an Appendix was added in 
1761. The editor of this book was James 
Allen, who contributed about one-half of the 
contents. The other contributors were Chris- 
topher Batty, William Batty, John Green, 
Benjamin Ingham, and four or five others. 
Ingham seems to have written Nos. 3 and 85 



INGLIS, CHABLOTTE H. 

[s, mss]. Half-a-dozen hymns from this boolc 
art: nil that are found hi modem hymn-books, 
outside the Inghawite official collection. (For 
further details concerning Ingham and the 
Inghamitea ^ee Lift and Timet of SeUna, 
Countess of Huntingdon, Lead., Painter, 1839.) 
Ingham d. In 1772. [J. J.] 

Inglis, Charlotte H. [radons,] 

Inglia, Margaret Maxwell, nee 
Murray, was b. at Sanquhar, Dumfriesshire, 
Oct 1774, and was married first to Mr. Finlay, 
and eecondly to Mr. John Inglis, an officer of 
the Excise, who d. in 1820. Mrs. Inglis d. at 
Edinburgh, Dec. 1843. Her Miscellaneous 
Poemt ware pub. .at Edinburgh in 1838 
(Bogers'e Sacred Minstrel, p. 75). [J. J.] 

Ingolstatter, Andreas, was b. at Niira- 
berg, April 9, 1633, where he became 
superintendent of the market, and where he d. 
June 7, 1711. In 1672 he waa admitted a 
member of the Pegnitz Shepherd and Flower 
Order, and was in 1674 crowned as a poet. 
Of bis seven or eight hymns (of which sis 
were contributed to the Pagnitz Andaehtt- 
Hang, 1673-91) one has passed into English: 

Hinah atot Chrlstl W«f . [Humility.] 1st pub 
In the Poetisehtr Andachtsilang, Nfirnberg, 
1673, No. 39, in 7 st. of B L ; and is founded on 
meditation, Ho. 261, of Dr. H. Mailer's Qeietliche 
Erquiciitwtdm. Included in Knapp's He. L. S., 
1837, Ho. 2198, in 8 st. Tr. as ;— 

Chris? s path wu sad and lewly. A good tr. 
from Kruspp by Mrs. Findlater in the 3rd Ser., 
1858, of the H. L. £., p. 8 (1834, p. 135), 
repeated in the Irvingite H. for use of the 
Churches, 1871. In Bp. Ryle's Coll., I860, it 
begins " Lowly, my sonl, be lowly." 

Another tr. is "Still downward goes Christ's war," 
by J. D. Bonis, In the Amity JVeanwy, 18BB, p. ltt 
CShmmu, iwb, p. Me). [J. St.] 

Inatantia adventum Del C. Gogln. 
[Advent] Given in the Pari* Brett., 1736, 
as the hymn at Matins for Sundays, and Ferial- 
days in Advent It was also included in the 
author's Bamni Saeri, 1736, p. 32 : in J, 
Chandler's Hyt. of the Primitive Church, 1837, 
No. 36; and in Card. Newman's Bymni Eccle- 
eias, 1838 and 1865. It is tr. as :— 

1. The Advent of enr God. Our Friers, ke. 
By J. Chandler, lit pub. in his Hys. of the 
Prim. Church, 1837, p. 39, and subsequently 
included in nntneroni collections, and sometimes 
with considerable alterations as noted below. 
Its use is more extensive than any other tr. of 
this hymn. 

1. Our God approach** from toe tkiss. By 
I. Williams. 1st pub. in his Hys. TV. from the 
Parisian Brev., 1BS9, p. 43. This was given in 
the Salisbury H. Bh., 1857, as "God cometh! 
and e'en now is near ; " and was repeated, with 
further alterations, and the introduction of some 
lines from Chandler, in the Sarttm Hyl., 1868, 
as "The Advent of our God! Behold, the Lord 
is near." 

S. The earning of our Ood, our Frayers, &o. This 
tr. in R. Campbell's Hys. and Anthems {St. 
Andrews Hymnal), 1850, is based npon' J. 
Chandler, st. i.-iii. being repeated almost word 
for word. The tr. by K. Campbell in Mr. 0. 
Shipley's Annus iSsncftw, 1884, is this text of 
1850, partly rewritten, specially st. iii., but 
Mvaral of Chandler's lines are still retained. 



INTO THE HEAFN OP 



569 



i. Lett the Comer tarry long. By W. J, Blew. 
1st printed for use in his own Chnrch cir, 1851, 
and then in his Ch. Hy. and Tune Book, 1852 
and 1855. It is repeated in Rice's Hymns, 1870. 

f . Ilu Advent of our Ood. Lot ns with prayers. 
By J. A, Johnston, in his English Hyl., 1856 and 
1861. 

6. The Advent of our King . Oar prayers, Ac. 
This tr. appeared in the trial copy of H. A. $ M., 
1859, and again in the 1st ed., 1861, and the 
revised ed. t 1875. It is J. Chandler's tr. very 
much altered by the Compilers of H. A. $ M. 

t. lift up the Advent strain. This rendering 
appeared in the Parish H. Bk., 1863 and 1875, 
and the Hymnary, 1872. It is J. Chandler's tr. 
slightly altered. 

8, to hail Thine Advent, Lord, wa lilt. In 
Mercer's Ch. Psalter and By. Bk., Oi. ed., 1864, 
No. 75, is J. Chandler's tr. rewritten from s. m, 
into L. M. This was probably done by Mercer. 

8. The Advent of our Kin ' 'or this proper* 
to* way. This is the Rev. F. Pott's revision of 
J. Chandler's tr, in Hys, fitted to the Order of 
Com. Prayer, 1861. 

10. The Advent of our Ood, Behold the Lord, As, 
This in the 8. P. C. K. CAurcA Hys. y 1871, is a 
cento from J. Chandler, I. Williams, the Saram 
Hyl., 1868, and some linen newiy rendered by 
the Editors of Church Hys, 

Translations not in O. TT, :— 
l. To haste Thine Advent ftom the sides. /, B. 
CSomhers, 1S5J, 

1. The advent of our God and King. G. Moultrie, 
1870. 

3. The Advent of oar Qod at band. J. C. &art&, in 
0. Shipley's Annul SancUa, 1S84. [J, J.] 

Interval of grateful shade. P. Dod* 

dridge. [Evening.'] In the H ». mbs." this 
hymn is given in full, but without date. In 
1755, it was included in Doddridge's (posthu- 
mous) Hymns, as the second of the " Hymns 
on Particular Occasions and iu Uncommon 
Measures," being No. ccclxiii. of the volume;, 
in 70 lines, and entitled " An Evening Hymn, 
to be used when composing oneself to sleep." 
It is also in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the 
.Hymns, 1S39, No. 309. In 1812, Dr. Collyer 
gave the complete hymn in bis Collection, 
dividing the same, SB in Doddridge's Hymns, 
into three parts, and using each part as a 
separate by mn. He also divided the unbroken 
lines of the original into stanzas. The three 
hymns thus made were : — 

" Interval of Entefhl Bhude." 

" What tfteugh downv [peaceful] slumbers flee." 

" What If death my sleep Invade." 

This arrangement was repeated in Bicker' 
steth's Cftn'itton Psalmody, 1833, Nos. 489, 
490, 491, in Elliott's Ps. a: Hya., 1835, No. 
327, and other collections. In this manner 
these three hymns were handed down to 
modem collections. A cento from the poem is 
also in C. U. It begins : " Heavenly Father, 
gracious Name." [See Ena\ Hymaody, Early, 
§ xiv.] [J. J.] 

Into the heav*n of the heaVne hath 
He gone. if. Sonar. [Ascension.) Given 
in the 3rd Series of his Hys. of Faith & Hope, 
1866, in 8 st of 4 1., and headed, " The Song ot 
the Lamb," The cento, " Blessing, and honour, 
and glory, and power," in 3 ai. in Laudes 
Domini, S. Y., 1884, and others, is taken from 
this hymn. [J. J.] 



570 



IOTA 



Iota. In W. Cuius Wilson's Friendly 
Visitor, and in The Children's Friend this is 
the nom da plume of Dorothy A. Thrupp. 

Ira jueta Conditoris. [Passiontide.] 
In the Office of the Moat precious Blood of 
our Lord Jesus Christ this is the hymn at 
Matins. 

Tlila Office la one of those added to tbo Roman Brt- 
viary since 1T35. In the fiulogna ed., 1327, it is given 
in the Appendix to the I'on VernaMt as one of the 
festivals of March, and as a double of the first class ; 
but 1>y a decree of Pope Pius IX.. Aug. 10. 1840, It is 
ranked as a double of the eecond daas and appointed 
for the 1st Sunday iti July. 

The text is found as above in the JppCTwKa;, 
1827, p. 233, in G st., and is repeated in sub- 
acquent editions of the Soman Breviary. Also 
in Daniel, ii. p. 355, [J. M.] 

Translation in C. U, : — 

Ha Who once in right*™ vftngeanee. By E. 
Cnswall, Pub. in his Lyra Ctttkolica, 1849, 
p. 85, in fi st. of 6 1. ; and again in his ftys. ijt 
/Veins, 1873, p. 47. In 1853, st. [., iv.-ri. were 
given in the Cooke & Denton Hymnal, No, 0. 
This arrangement of the text has been repented 
in a large number of hymn-books in G. Britain 
and America,:; and is the popular form of the 
hymn. In the 1862 Appendix to the H. Noted, 
No. 298, the full text is given ; and in the 
Hymnary, 1872, St. Hi. is omitted. [J. J.] 

Irish Hymnody. Although there are 
mimoroas hymns and sacred poems of great 
excellence in the Irish, Latin, and English 
languages which are the production of 
writers of Irish birth, yet Ireland does not 
possess a distinctive hyranody as is the case 
with England, Scotland, France, Germany, 
and America, &c. The besst and fullest 
account of what was done in the earliest days 
of Irish history is contained in The Book of 
Hymns of the Ancient Church of Ireland, by 
J. II. Todd, d.d., 2 vols., 1855-09. These 
hymns are taken from the Liber Hynvnorum, a 
Ms. in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin ; 
with various readings from the well-known 
Antiphonarima Benchorense in tho Ambrosian 
Library, Milan ; and other ancient sources. 
Dr. Todd accompanies the hymns with trans- 
lations. Another work of intorcst is the 
Lyra Hiliernica Sacra, Compiled and edited 
by Rev. W. Macllwaine, D.D., Canon of St. 
Patrick's, Dublin: Belfast, 1878, This work 
has an interesting Preface; nearly 230 pieces, 
divided into "Sacred Poems," "Hymns," 
and "Sacred Lyrics;" and a list of the 80 
authors from whose works extracts are given : 
from St. Patrick (372-iCC), SeduliusJ(434), 
and St, Columba (521-597), to Mrs. C. F. 
Alexander, Dean Bagot, Dr. Moosell, and 
Dr. Littledale. This book presents good 
specimens of what has been done by the 
eighty writers therein represented ; but it 
neither exhausts the list of writers nor gives 
one-hundredth part of the sacred lyrics which 
they havo written. 

2. The various collections of hymns for 
Public Worship which have been or still are 
in nse in Ireland are comparatively few. " The 
United Church of England and Ireland " used 
Tate and Brady in common until the practice 
in England of publishing independent hymn- 
books far Church nse led to the publication 



IBISH HYMNODY 

of Weynmn's Mdodia Sacra, by Marcus 
Moses, a music-seller in Dublin, circa 1820. 
This was followed by an Appendix to the 
same of Hymns with Tunes, and by Bufcsdl's 
The Clioralist, consisting of vol, i., Metrical 
Ftalms & Giants, 1812 ; vol. ii. 200 Hymns, 
1SG+, vol. iii. 100 additional Hymn* and 
several short anthems, 1865 (Crawford's Biog. 
Index [Composers] to the [Irish] Ckurcli Hym- 
nal), In October, 18G2, a Committee of 
Clergymen was appointed by a Conference 
of Clergy and Laity of the united diocese of 
Down and Connor, and Dromore, to compile- 
a hymn-book under the direct sanction of tho 
Bishop of the diocese. This resulted in A 
Booh of Hymns tatted to flit .Services of the 
United Churcji of England and Ireland, Bel- 
fast, 1863, containing 414 hymns. In 18G4 
the Dublin Association for Promoting Chris- 
tian Knowledge published a quasi-official col- 
lection as The CIturch Hymnal (280 hymns). 
This book^revised and enlarged to 474 hymns, 
2 graces, and 1G doxologies, was pnblished in 
1873 as the authorised hymn-book of the 
Church of Ireland. This collection lias 
attained to a laTgo circulation. Its Biograpliical 
Index (the " Writers " by G. A. Crawford and 
J. A. Eberle, and the " Composers '* by G. A. 
Crawford) is the best work of its kind extant, 

3. The Presbyterians throughout Ireland 
have usually adhered to the use of the Scottish 
Psalter [see Soottiah Hymnody]. Individual 
efforts have, however, been made from time to 
time to supply separate congregations with 
hymn-books, as in the case of A Selection of 
Psalms & Hymns for tlte Use of the Presbytery 
of Antrim, and the Congregation of Strand 
Street, Dublin. Belfast, 1818; .'and W. F. 
Stevenson's Hymns for the Church and Home, 
1873. 

4. The Congregationalists havo also had 
individual efforts made on their- behalf in A 
Selection of Hymns designed for the Worship 
of a Christian Congregation, Belfast ("sold at 
the Yestry-Iloom of the Independent Meeting- 
house, Donegall-Street "), 1820; and A Col- 
lection of Hymns adapted to Congregational 
Worship. By William Uraick, Dublin ["York 
Street Meeting-House"! 1829. 

5. The Methodist bodies have used from 
the first tho same official hymn-books ns 
those in nse in England; and some other 
religions bodies do the same. 

6. The Soman Catholics being provided 
with their hyrnnody for tho ordinary services 
of the Churoh in their Breviary and Missal, 
only a few small hymn-books for use in Schools 
and Missions are in use amongst them. 

7. Thomas Kelly's Collection of Psalms & 
Hymns extracted from Various AuOiors, 1802 ; 
and his Hymns adapted for Social IfbrsAip, 
1812 ; A Selection of Hi/mns used in Bethesda 
Chapel, Dorset Street [Dublin], Dublin, 1819 ; 
and a few others of no real moment, were 
individual or congregational efforts without 
national or denominational significance. 

8. Taken together, therefore, these results 
do not present an imposing array of hymn- 
books as an outgrowth of religious work iti 
Ireland. If Ireland, however, has not done 
much for herself in the way of influencing the 
Church at home and abroad through her 
hymn-books, yet her kymn-miUrt stand, in 



IKONS, JOSEPH 

numbers and in merit, in the front rank of the 
Singers of the Church. [J. J.] 

Irons, Joseph, b. of William Irons, of 
Ware, waa b. at Ware, Nov. 1785, and was for 
some years the friend of John Newton when 
the latter waa Hector of BL Mary, Woolnoth, 
and an attendant npon his ministry. On the 
death of Newton, Irons joined the Noncon- 
formists, and was fur some time Paator of a 
Nonconformist Chapel at Sawston, and then 
of tlia Grove Chapel, Camberwell, London. 
Ho ti April 3, 1852. 

J. Irons's reputation as a preacher amongst toe Non- 
conformists was very great. His sermons were intensely 
Caivinistic and very powerful ; and the peroration*, not 
rraTrequenUy in poeUcnl blank Terse, were most striking 
and effective. His hymn* are powerful, and it times 
poetics], but from their strongjuslvinistlc teaching have 
failed to become popular. They were published for 
use by his own congregation, and until several were 
adopted by Spurgeon in his O. O. B. Bit., 1B66, and 
Bnepp in bis Songs oy" (J. * C, 1S12, van seldom found 
Jn any other collection for congregational use. 

J. Irons's poetical works, including those in 
which his hymns appeared, were : — 

(1) Zion's Eymnt intended as a Supplement to Dr. 
Watts's Psalme and ffymn*. Printed far the Author 
by e. Toungman, Saffron Waiden, lsis. This ed. 
contained Ht hymns. It was enlarged, 2nd eu.,lBltf,; 
Srded., 1B2S; Eihed., 182J (811 hymns). The title was 
afterwords changed to 2ton*tBymns, for thenscofZion's 
Sunt and Daughter*. (2) Ifymphas. Bride and Bride- 
groom communing. A Paraphrastic Exposition of The 
Song of Solomon, in fltanfc Verse. 1840; (3) Judah. The 
Jtooft of Psalms Paraphrased in Spiritual Songs for 
Public Worship, 184T ; and (4) Calvary. A Poem in 
Blank Verge. 

From his Zion's Hymtu, the following 
hymns, in addition to a few annotated under 
their respective first lines, are in C. U. : — 

i. From the 1st edition, 1816 : — 

I. Hark, 'tie the Shepherd's voice, fas Good Shep- 
herd. 

t. Holy Spirit, heavenly Dove. Before Sermon. 

3. Jehovah's love Bret chose His Saints. The Pother's 
Love. 

4. Precious Bible, what a store. Hoty Scriptures. 

G. See from Zion's fountain rises. The Water of Life. 
«, Zton, beloved of God. The Charok the Bride of 
Christ. 

ii. From the 2nd edition, 1819 : — 

t r. In yonder realms where Jesus reigns. 3fte 
heavenly Mansions. 

8. O flie happiness arising. Bappinas tft Cftrtst. 

9. What boundless and unchanging love. The 
lather's love. 

iii. From the 3rd edition, 1825 : — 

10. Are the saints predestinated ? Predestination. 

II. Arise, my soul, with songs to own. Praise for 
Covenanting grace. 

12. Aspire, my soul, to yonder throne. Tie lather 
Infinite. 

13. Awake, awake, ye Balnts of God. Bbtinett of 
the Church desired. 

14. Father, we glory In Thy choice, Bobj Trinity, 
16. For ever, delightful word. Praise of God 

everlasting. 

1«, Hark.howtbccholraroundtbethrone. Triumphs 
o/ Grace. 

11. Hark, how the glorious bosta above. The Church 
Triumphant. 

18. Holy Father, let Thy love. Boly Trinity. 

19. How safe are aU the chosen race. Final Per- 
severance. 

20. I sing the gracious, Axed decree, predestination. 

21. Jesus uw Bis Church elected. I&e Church the 
BriAe of Christ. 

II let party names no mors be known. Unity 
desired. 

23. How let Jehovah's covenant love. Saints pre- 
cious to Jesus. 

24. O my Lord, how groat Thy wonders. Praise 
for Redemption. 

25. Or Israel's covenant I boast. Fraiscfor ttmenant- 
iny Grace. 



IRONS, WILLIAM J. 



571 
onion 



26. One with Christ, blissful thought. 
with Christ. 

IT, Praying souL dismiss thy fear. Christ the In- 
tercessor. 

in. Blsing on the One Foundation. The Church the 
TtMplc of the jBWy Spirit. 

S». Vfa sing the Father's Love, nob/ Trinity. 

His paraphrases of the Psalms given in his 
Jstdah, &o., 1847, are almost unknown to 
modern hymn-books. The following are in 
C. U.:— 

30. My heart expands with good endlting. Pi. xlv. 
This Is given in Spurgeon's 0. 0. if. 8k., 1869, as » Warm 
with Jove my heart's inditing." 

31. My soul lies grovelling low. Pi. csrfe. 

32. O give thanks note the Lord. Ps. cdi& 

Although the use of these hymns is maialj 
confined to Spurgeon and Snepp, a few are 
found in other collections hotli in Gr. Britain 
and America. [J. J.] 

Irons, William Joeiah, n.n., s. of Joseph 
Irons above, was b. at Hoddesdon, Herts, 
Sep. 12, 1812, and educated at Queen's 
College, Oxford (b.*. 1833, d.d. 1854), and 
took Holy Orders 1835. In 1837 he became 
Incumbent of St. Peter's, Walworth, and was 
subsequently Vicar of Barkway, Incumbent 
of Brompton, Rector of Wadingbam ; and in 
1872, Rector of St. Mary-Woolnoth, formerly 
held by his father's friend, John Newton. 
He was also Bampton Lecturer in 1870, and 
Prebendary of St. Paul's Cathedral. He d. 
June 18, 1883. Br. Irons took a some- 
what prominent part in the ecclesiastical 
controversies of his day, and published ex- 
tensively thereon in the form of Sermons, 
Letters, Pamphlets, &c. His important work, 
the Bampton Lectnres, 1870, was on Chris- 
tianity as taught by &L Paul. His hymn- 
writing and translating began during his 
Curacy at St. Mary, Newmgton, 1835-1837, 
and was continued to his death. Many wore 
first printed as broadsheets, and subsequently 
included in the Rev. R. T. Lowe's (Rector of 
Lea, Lincolnshire) Hyt. for the Christian 
Seasons, Oainsburgh, 1st ed., 1851, and in 
his own collections. Of these separate publica- 
tions the most important were his tr. of tho 
Dies Irae, and Quictitnqne milt, and a few 
special Hymns (Hayes) in 1867. His hymno- 
logical works, in addition to these, were : — 

(1) Metrical Psalter, iss) ; (2) Appendix to tke 
Brompton Metrical Psalter, lB&l(22hymns);{3)lfymnt 
for Use in Church, I860 (100 hymns). These contained 
hymns by Dr. Irons, and others. The neat contains 
Ola Translations and Original Hymns only. (4) Psalms 
and Bymns for the Church, 1st ed., 1813 (12K h,)j sad 
ed.. 1813 (ISO h.)j Srded., 1893(308 h.). The principal 
object of this last work was to supply special hymns on 
the Collects, Epistles, and Gospels, and for Advent and 
Lent, together with special hymns for the Festivals; 
and this to a great extent Dr. Irons was enabled to 
accomplish. His versions of individual Psalms are 
directly from the Hebrew, line for line. 

In addition to those of Dr. Irons's hymns 
and translations, which ore annotated under 
their respective first lines, the fullowing aru 
in C. U. outside of his own collections, the 
details appended being from his lis. notes: — 

1. Blest voice of love, O Word divine. Confirmation. 
Written for a Confirmation at Brompton, and pub. In 
Lowe's Myt. for the Christian Seasons, 1864, No. 104 ; 
in the Appendix to the Brompton J&trical Psalter^ 18S1 \ 
and the author's later collections. 

t. Cm earthly voices (fly iioj, Public Opening of 
a School. Written at Brompton on toe occasion of the 
opening of a School, and pub, in the 1BG1 Appendix aa 
above, and in the author's later collections. 

3. Childrm of earth, for leaven we seek, Bp\\ 



672 IBVINGITE HTMNODY 

phany. A meditation on the Collect for the 1st 5. After 
the tS^rtpbeny, end pub. In his Ps. A Hys. 1375. 

4. Sternal Spirit, God of Grace. WhittuatCdc, 
Written In 1B65, and pub* in bla By t. for Ute in Church, 
1866, and in a revised form In his /v. A Bys., 1873. 

6, Faithful Creator, Lord Divine. Consecration to 
God. Pub, fnbi8.Pt, iM, tc„ 1B13. 

6, rather of love, out Quids and Friend. Confirma- 
tion. "Written for a largo Confirmation at Brampton, 
tn 1944, and pub. in Lowe's Hys. for the Christian 
Seasons, 18S4, No* 1*5, and in the 1961 Appendix aa 
above, and tbo author's later collections, 

7, Hail, holy teat, oalm herald of that day. Siimtoj. 
Pnb, In hlg Pt. A Hys., &c, 1873. 

B- la not thia our King and Prophet 1 Palm Sunday. 
Pub. In bis Fs. A Kill., &c„ 16)3. 

9. It ia not najahtd, tori, of paee. Prqwroivon 
/or Heaven. Written in 1866. It is Mo. 46 of bis 
St/mitt, IBM, in S st. of 6 1. 

10, Jean, Who for ua didst bear. Ward* from the 
Crea. In his Hymns, 1806, No. 43. 

11, Joy of joys, HeliMB, He lives. Baiter. Written 
in 1973. In tbe -V. Mitre, 19T5; and the author's 
Hymns, 1STS. 

15, Lord, hear my prayer, bow down Thine ear, 
lent. Pnb, in Mb Ps. A Bye., 19)3. 

13. Lord, in Thy wrath Thou thinhest yet. Lent. 
In his fljrmnj, 1966, No. 91. 

It. Lord, Thy voice hath spohen, The Beatitude*. 
In Byt. for uie in the Church of Saint EtheJburga, 
Bishopwate, 1873, and Dr. Irons's Pt. A Hys., 19)5. 

16. no aornw and ne sighing. Heaven, ^ub. in 
his Ft. &> Sj/t., JlSM, in o st. of 4 1. In Turing's 
Colt., 1892, st. i.-ill. were given from tbe 1816 text, 
and a new stanza was added by Dr Irons at Prebendary 
TbriruT*s request. 

It, O God with ua, the Saviour, For use. daring a 
Retreat. Given in his Pi. it Hub., 1871. 

IT. how long, how long. Ft. xiii. Appeared in 
Us Ft. A Hill., 6c, 1913, 

10. Saviour, now at (rod's right hand* Jam the 
fitnft- Priest. Pub. in the 1361 Appendix as above, and 
revised in the author's latter collections. In tbe Ft. A 
By i„ 1813., st. i., U„ v. are from IBB], Lv. ftom 1866; 
and ill* is new. 

19. who are ttey so pure and bright 1 Holy Inno- 
etntt. . Written on the death of Infants tn the Epidemic 
of 1837, and pub. In Lowe's Hys. for the Christian 
Seasons, 1994, No, 30. and in the 1961 Appendix as 
above, in 3 st. of 8 1. In the 1890 Bymns It vraa 
divided into 6 st. of « ]., and this arrangement was 
repeated in the 1873 Pt. A Hys. 

30. Sing with all the sous of men, Matter. Given 
In his Pt. A Byt., 1871. 

31. Thanks be to God for meet and right. Proctt. 
tional. Pub. in his Hymnt, kc., 1966, and again in bis 
Pt, A Byt., 1813. 

31. To whom but' Thee, God of Oraeo. pattion- 
tide. Appeared in bis itymnr, it, 1866; and in his 
Ft. A Sya., 1913. 

IS. Triumphant Lord, Thy work i* dons, jticenrion. 
Pub. in tbe 1861 Appendix as above. In 3 st. of 4 1, Id 
tbe 1868 Hymnt the st. (ill.) " by Thy spotlesa. won- 
drous birth " was added ; and in this enlarged form tbe 
hymn was repeated in the Pi. * Hys., 1873- 

84. We jmiae Thee, our God— to Thee. Children's 
Hymn of Praise to the Holy Trinity. Written for the 
Scboola at St* Mary's Newington. and pub, in the 18fll 
Appendix aa above, and repeated in tbo Hymns, &c,, 
1866, and the Pt. A Hyt. 1873. 

U. Who ia thia from. Bethlehem oomingl Parifi- 
catianof B. F. if. Appeared In tbe Pt. A Hymns, 1873. 

£8. Why ait thou weary, my jwnl T Pt. Ixi. Given 
in bis Jftrmnt, to., 1866, and his Ps. A Bys., 18)3, tn 6 
st. of 7 L In Thrlng's Coll., 1983, st. ill. is omitted. 

Amongst modem by inn- writers, Dr. Irons 
Tanks with the first. His hymns have not 
been largely used outside of his own congre- 
gation ; but their high excellence, variety of 
subjects and metres, intense earnestness, 
powerful grasp of the subject, and almost 
faultless rhythm must commend them to the 
notice of hymn-boot compilers. Prebendary 
Thring has enriched his Coll. (1882) with 
most of those named atovo. They are of 
more than usual excellence, and others remain 
of equal merit f J. J.] 

Xrvingite Hymnody. This brief title, 
which has been given by hymnologists to the 



ISRAEL'S SHEPHERD, GUIDE ME 

hymnody of The Catholio and Apostolus Church, 
is adopted throughout this wort. The origin 
of the first hymn-book of this denomination 
is thus set forth in its Preface . — 

"In Addition to the Divine Songs and Anthems, 
principally from Holy Scripture, which have been 
hitherto in use among these congregations, a desire 
hoe lone; existed for a larger selection of hymns, for use 
both in tbe public worship of the Church and in private 
devotional exercises. The object in preparing this book 
has been to provide such Hymns aB may aid, and servo 
to express, our faith and hope. Of these Hymns, some 
are original, and appear now for the first time in print , 
some have long been in use in different sections of toe 
Church." 

This collection was compiled by a committee 
of which Mr. E. W. Eddis was the leading 
member, anti was published in 18G4, as Hymns 
for the Use of (Jte Churches. It contained 
205 hymns. In 1871 it was enlarged to 320 
hymns and 44 doxologies. The 3rd edition 
is a reprint of that of 1871 with a few verbal 
alterations. The original hymns contributed 
to this book were by Mr. E. W. Eddis and 
other writers, who have appended their initials 
to their hymns, but decline to give their 
names to the public Some of these hymns 
have passed into other collections. Several 
of those by Mr. Eddis are of great merit, 
especially those of Praise, and might be trans- 
ferred to other collections \rith advantage. 
This ia the Official (and only) hymn-book of 
" The Catholic and Apostolic Chnrch." [J, J J 

Is heaven a place where pearly 
streams. P. J. Bailey. [Heaven.] Ap- 
peared in his poem Feehw, 1839. In the 
Leeds H. Bk., 1853, it was given as " Is 
heaven a clime where diamond dews ? " and 
in Date's English H. Bit., 1871, as " Is heaven 
a place where diamond dews ? " In one or 
another of theae forma it is also found else- 
where. [J. J.] 

Is the [thy] cruse of comfort wast- 
ing. Elizabeth Charles. [The Cruse af Oil.'] 
Appeared in her Three Waitings, 1859, and 
repeated iu the Hy. Comp., revised ed., 1876, 
and appointed for " Almsgiving.'" It ia also 
in several other collections, and sometimes as 
"Is% cruse," tic [J. J.] 

Is there in heaven and earth, who 

can? B. Beddome. [Salvation through 
Jesus.] Appeared anonymously in the 10th 
ed. of Eippon's 8el, 1800, No. 294, pt. ii„ in 
6 st. of 4 1., and thenco into a few later 
hymnals. In Beddome's (posthumous) Hys., 
Arc, 1817, No. 696, it is given as " Is there a 
friend in earth or heaven ? " and headed " Tlio 
All-stifficient Saviour." [J. J.] 

Israel in ancient days. W. Coteper. 
[The Gospel in the Old Testament'] Pub. iu 
the Olney Hjiiww, 1779, Bk. i„ No, 132, in 
6 st. of 6 1., and headed "Old Testament 
-Gospel." It is a poetical summary of some of 
the principal types of the Jewish Dispensa- 
tion and their fulfilment in Jesus Christ, It is 
found in several modern collections. [J. J.] 

Israel's Shepherd, guide me, feed 

me. J. Bickertteth. [The Good Shepherd.] 
This hymn is found in a Select Portion of 
Psalms & Hymns, 4th ed,, Lancaster, W. Min- 
sball, printer, 1816, No. 78, in i at. of 8 1., and 
again, with slight alterations, in the author's 
own Ps. <£ Hys., 1819. Thence it passed into 



1ST GOTT FOK MICH 

Cotterill's Sel, 1819 ; E. BickeiBteth'a CArts- 
fur* Psalmody, 1833; and numerous other 
collections. In a Jtw hymn-books it begins : 
" Heavenly Shcphwl, guide us, feed ttt." (See 
p. Its, i.) [J. J.] 

1st Qott fttr mioh, bo treto. JP, Ger- 
hardi. [Trust in God.'] Included in the 
Frankfurt ed., 1G36, of Cruger's Praxis pietati* 
melica, as No. 380, in 15 It. of 8 1., re- 
printed in Waakeroagel's ed, of hU Gewtliahe 
Lieder, No. 63, and Bachmanu's ed., No. 79, 
and included as No. 418 in the Una. L. 8., 
1851. It is a magnificent hymn of Christian 
confidence, founded on Humana viu. It was 
probably suggested by the _ troublous experi- 
ences of his life, but the idea that st. xiii. 
refers to his conflict with tbo Elector is dis- 
proved by the fact that the hymn was pub. 
in 1656, while the contest did not begin till 
1662. Lauxmann, in Koch, viii. 408, quotes 
Langbecker as Baying, " This heroic hymn of 
Gerhardt's is worthy to bo placed side by 
side with Lather's 'Bin feste Burg 1 "; and 
himself says of it :— 

"Tbe hymn bears tbe watchword of the Lutheran 
Church as Paul gives it, ' If God be for us, who can be 
against us? ' One thinks of Philip Helaacutboa's loet 
-words as he, worn out with the manifold conntcta after 
Luther's dentil end with many bitter and grievous 
trials, lay s-dying on April 10, 1K0, be once more 
nisei himself In bod and cried ' If God be for us, who 
can be Against ns .' ' When one asked him If be -wished 
anything, bo replied, ' Nothing, save Heaven ! ' and 
gave up his spirit. In the same spirit it bis been 
entitled ' A Christian hymn of Consolation and of Joy,' 
and has spoken to the hearts of many troubled ones and 
strengthened them with new courage for the fight of 
Faith." 

The 15th st., " Mein Herze geht in Spriin- 
gen," has been a special favourite in Germany, 
and Lauxmann, in Koek, relates of it in 
regard to a well-known German theologian ; — 

While still young, Frofeasor Auberlen of Basel do- 
parted ftom this life In IBM. This highly gifted and 
highly cultured witness for the Faith via by an early 



IT IS MY SWEETEST 



573 



death compelled to give up his greatly blessed labours, 
many projects, and a happy family life. On the 2nd 
of Hay, a few hours before his death, a friend said to 



him, " Christ's disciples follow in His pathway, first 
Deathand the Grave, then Insurrection and Ascension." 
To this bo replied, " Of tbe fear of death, thank God, 
I know nothing, and can say with Paulus Qerhardt : 
< 1st Gott fllr micb, » trete 
Gleiob alios wider mlch," " 
In the same night (his last upon earth) be repeated 
at* xv. of this bymn. Soon after, his tight, as a taper, 
quietly went out. 

Translations in C. U. : — 
1. If Ood ha on my side. A good tr., omitting 
Bt. iv.-vi., by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra 
Ger,, 1st Ser., 1655, p. 130. Inclnded, abridged, 
in Holy Song, 1889, and the Evang. Byl,, New 
York, 1880. Centos from this tr. are ;— 

(1) If Jesus be my friend (st. 1., 1. 6), In tbe 
Andover^HWott B. jBJc IBss, Hatfield's CauttJl if. Ble., 
18»»,4c. 

{II Bine* Jssni la my friend (st. i., t. 6 altered), 
in Boblnson's 0»vi /or Ok Sanctuary, N. Y, lees, 
Latvia Domini, 1SS4, ftc. 

(S) Ha*a I can firmly rest (si. 11.), In the Andover 
ouooua S. Bk, r lass, Fennsylvaniaii Lnth. Ch. Bit., 
18*8, and other American collections. 

S. If Ood Himself be for me. A good f>., 
omitting st. iv.~vi., I., contributed by H. Massie 
to the ed., 1857, of Mercer's C. P. $ H. Ph., 
No. 161 (Ox, «d., No. 406, abridged), and in- 
cluded in his own L\,ra Poinestsca, 1864, p. 110. 
Varying centos ore found in the Pennsylvnniaii 
Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868, Eng. Presb. Pa, $ Hyt., 



1867, and the Free Church H. Bk., 1882. In 
Laudes Domini, N. T., 1884, No. 378 begins 
" 1 build on this foundation " (st. iii.). 

3, Is Ood for me t I foar not. A spirited if 
rather free version, omitting st. v., xi., xii., by 
Mrs. Ilevan in her Songs of Eternal Lift, 1858, 
p. 39 ; repeated, abridged, in Snepp's Song* of 
G. & G. Iu Reid's Praise Bi., 1873, it appears 
as three hymns: (1) as above ; (2) No. 622, 
beginning ^ There is no condemnation" (st. vi.), 
and (3) No. 623, beginning " In heaven is mine 
inheritance " (st. i.). 

4, Is Ood for me I f oppose me. Iu fall, by 
J. Kelly, in bis P. Gerhardt's Spir. Songs, 1867, 
p. 208. His trs. of st. iii., xiv., it., beginning 
"My Faith securely buildeth," are No. 414 
in the Ohio Luth. Hyl, 1880. 

Other tn. are, (1) "Is God for me? what Is It," by 
J, v. Jamiii, 1MB, p. 41 (llaa, p. 139>. Included fn 
tbe Jforavion H. Ble., US* ; and repeated, abridged, in 
tbe 1Y88 and later eds., beginning " Is God my strong 
salvation"; (2) "The world may rise against me round 
and " Tbe world may fiill beneath my feet," trt. of 
st. i„ xiil., by Mrs. Stanley dorr in her tr. of Wllden- 
hshn's Paul Oerhardt, 1818 (1BB6, pp. ITS, 1T4). 

[J.M.] 

late Confessor Dotninl sacra-tus 
[ColenteB], [Saints' Day>.~\ This hymn is 
found in tbe Common ot Confessors in tbe 
Sarttm, York, Aberdeen, Moxarabie, Roman 
and other Breviaries. In the Boman Brav. of 
16S2 (test in Daniel, i., No. 226) it is altered 
considerably, beginning "Iste confessor Do- 
mini oolentes.'* 

JMntd, after giving tbe text at f.. No. IK. notes at 
lv. p. 311, that it is contained in a 8th cent. m. at Bern 
as a bymn on St. tiermanus. It is In three vss. of the 
11th cent, in the BrWs\ Jfutsum (Vesp. D. xlt. f. 10B; 
Jul. A. vi. f. 896; Harl. 2B61, f. us), and In the Lot. 
Hyt. o/ this Anjrto-Auwn Oi., 1881, p. 138, is printed 
from an 11th cent. US. at Durham f B. Iii. 39, 1 4B). Also 
in three ass. (Nos. 3%1, 413, iii) of the 11th cent, at 
St. Gall. Also in Can). Newman's Bynni Ecdaiae, 
183B and 1869. Tbe text usually tr. Is from tbe Bum. 
Bree. of 1631. [J, JL] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

\, The Oonfossor of Christ, from shore to shore. 
By E. Caswall, in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 
216, and again in his Bys. $ Poems, 1873, p. 
114. This is also given in some Boman Catholic 
collections for Missions and Schools. 

1. He, the Confessor of the Lord, with triumph. 
By J. M. Neale, in the //. JSbtad, 1852, No, 41. 

8. This is the day whan Jeans' true Ccnfnwr, 
By R. F. Littledale, made for and first pub. in 
the People's H., 1887, and repeated, except the 
alternative first stanza and the third, in the 
MaTouess of Bute's Sam. Brev, «i English, 1679, 
i. p. 842. 

4. He, whom in all lanis ssltbrat* the faithful. 
Appeared in the AnUphoner $ Grail, 1880, and 
the Hymntr, 1882, and appointed for St. Sil- 
vester. 

Translations not In 0. W, ; — 

1. Unto Thine holy Oonfessor, our voices. W. J. 
Blt&, 1RS2. 

t. This Thy Confessor Lord I of feme sublime. 3. D. 
Chambers (from the older text), 1866. 

3. O'er all tbo world the faithful sing. J. WaUaett 
1SJ4. [J. J,] 

It is my sweetest comfort, Iioxd. 

E. CaiwaU. [Christ's Humanity.'] 1st pnb, 
in his Mcuque of Mary, 4c, 1858, p. 255, In 
4 st. of 41., and headed "Christ'sHumanitj;" 
and again, in a revised form, in his Hyt. 4 
Poems, 1873, p. 276. It is given in several 
modern hymn-books. [J. J.] 



674 IT IS THE LORD, BEHOLD 

It ia the Lord, behold His hand. 
J. Montgomery. {In Times of Distress.] 
Written Aug. 22, 1832, during tlio epidemic 
of cholera in Sheffield, nnd for use in that 
town (ji. MSS.). It was pub. in Mont- 
gomery's Original Hymns, 1853, No. 230, in 
6 st, of 4 1., and entitled " During (he Cholera 
— Confession and Supplication." In Kennedy, 
18G3, No. 457, it ia abbreviated, and altered. 
The cumpnnion hymn, also written on Aug. 
22, 1S32, and for the same purpose, was " Lot 
the land mourn through all its coasts." This 
was pub. in the Original Hys,, 1853, No. 289, 
in G st. of 4 I., and is in C. U. in G. Britain 
and America. The hy inns, " Sing Hallet uj ah, 
sine;," and " Walking on the winged wind," 
were written by Montgomery at the clfi3c of 
the same year as a" Than lisgmng for Deliver- 
ance from the Cholera" (m, mss), and also 
pub. in liia Original Ihjmns, 1853. [J. J,] 

It is Thy hand, my God. J. G. DecJc. 
[In Affiietion."] The origin of this hymn is 
thus stated hy the author in Joy in Depart- 
ing : a Memoir of the Conversion and Last 
Days of Augustus James Clarke, who fell 
asleep in Jesus, May 2wi, 1845. By J. G. 
Deck, London, 1847, p. 34:— 

"It was written originally to comfort a bereaved 
mother and widow iti her hour of Borrow, and the Lord 
made it a comfort to the soul of this young disciple." 

Tlio (Into of its composition is unknown. 
It was pub. in I'salms it Hymns <fe Spiritual 
Songs in two Farts, Lond., D. Wnlthcr, 1842, 
pt. ii., No. 70, in at. of 4 1., and headed " In 
Sorrow." It was repeated in numerous col- 
lections, and is in C. U. ia G. Britain and 
America, find sometimes with tlio erroneous 
signature of "J. N. Darby." [J. J,] 

Italian Hymnody, [Varioua.] 

I've found the Pearl of greatest 
price. J. Mason. [Praise of Christ,} 1st 
pub. in his Spiritual Songs, or Songs of Pi-aise 
to Almighty God, &c., 1683, No. 13, in 4 st. 
of 81. and' 1 st. of 41., and headed "A Song 
of Praise for Christ ; " and again in D. Sedg- 
wick's ivprint, 1859, p. 20. Various arrange- 
ments of tho text are in C. XL in G. Britain 
and America, including tho alteration, " I've 
found tlio ptecious Christ of God," in the 
Enlarged London H. Blc, 1873, and others. 
Tho alterations nnd transpositions in the text 
are too numerous to enumerate They can 
easily be delected hy reference to the Sedg- 
wick reprint as above. Tho opening linos of 
the original read : — 

" Iva found the Pearl of greatest Price, 
My heart doth elng for ^oy ; 
And sing I must \ a Christ I have; 
Ovihata Chritt have I?" 

The words in italics Msisou expanded Into 
a poem which was included in his Poetical 
Remains, 1G94. This poem was given in A 
Pocket Hymn-Book designed as a constant 
Companion/or the Piotts, collected from Various 
Autlwrs, York, S. Spenee (5th ed„ 178G, No, 
113J, the first stanza being: — 

*■ A Christ 1 Lave, what ft Christ have I. 
He built the globe, bo spread the starry sky J 
And yet for me, and Adam's elnfti] race. 
He bled and dy'd to manifest his grace." 

In 1786 this hook was reprinted at the 
request of the Conference held at Bristol that 
year, with omissions and additions by J. 



JACKSON, EDWARD 

Wesley, as A Pocket Hymn-Book for the Use 
of Christians of All Deiwminations. London, 
1786. Wesley's Preface is exceedingly plain 
and severe. This hymu and one by James 
AUen were omitted, with others, in tlio re- 
print, and tho omission is specially explained: 
"But a friend tells me 'Some of these, specially tliasc 
two that arc doggerel double distilled, namely, "The 
despised NaKareae." and tliat wliicli lie-ins, " A Christ 
1 have, O what a Christ have V are hugely admired, 
and continually echoed from Jlerviick-unott-ftcad to 
Ijmdtin.' If they are I am sorry for It: it will bring* 
deep reproach on the judgment of the Methodists," 

Usually these strictures are Bitid to have 
been applied by Wesley to "I've found the 
Pearl of greatest price," in tho 1st st. of which 
tho lino " A Christ I have, &c," is embedded. 
This is not so. They apply to tlio hyinn from 
iho Poetical Bemains of 1694, in which the 
first lino of each stanza begins, " A Christ 
I have, O what a Christ have I." It is to be 
noted that the words, "doggerel doublo 
distilled," are not J. Wesley's, but are given 
hy him as a quotation from " a friend." [J, J.] 



J., in Collycr's 8el„ 1812, i.e. Jano Tayloi. 

J". A., in Gospel Magazine, 1 77G, i.e. John 
Adams. 

J. A. 32., in Dale's English Hymn Booh, 
1874, i,o. Julia A. Elliott. 

J. B., Essex, in Child's Companion, i.o. John 
Burton. 

J. G, and T, C, in English and Scottish 
Psalters. Sec Old Tenion. 

J. C. W„ in Bristol Bap. Coll. of Ash 
and Evans, 1769, he. J. & C. Wesley. 

J, E„ in The Christian's Magazine, 1790- 
179?, i.e. Jonathan Evans. 

J. E., Coventry, in The. Gospel Magazine, 
1771-1778, i.o. Jonathan Evans. 

J. E. L., in tho Irvingito Hymns for the 
Use of the Churches, 1864 and 1871, i.o. Jano 
E. Leeson. 

J. E. M., in the People's Hymnal, 18(!7, i.o. 
J. E. Millard. 

J, J., in The Christian Observer, 1809, i.e. 
J. Joyce. 

J. L., in Board's Unitarian Coll. of Hymns, 
1837, i.e. John Lagniel. 

J. M., in late editions of Bristol Bap. Coll. 
of Ash & Evans (1st ed„ 1769), i.e. J. Mont- 
gomery. 

J. M., ia P. Maurice's Choral Hymn Book, 
1861, i.o. Jane Maurice. 

J, P„ in FresJi Laurels, N. Y. t 1867, i.e. 
Josephine Pollard, 

J. S., in the Bristol Bap. Coll of Ash & 
Evans, 17G9, i.o. J. Stennett. 

Jackson, Edward, v.*.., was b, in 1812, 
and took Holy Orders in 1845, and became 
Clerk in Orders of Leeds Parish Church tho 
same year, Incumbent of St. James's, Lecds^ 
1846, and Hon. Canon of Eipon, 1875. Ho 
received his ji.a. from the Archbishop of 
Canterbury, 1847. In 1873 Canon Jnekson 
pub. a Supplement of Hymns for Use in Public 



JACKSON, EDWAED H. 

Worship, Mission Service), and Schools, to 
which he contributed several original hymns, 
and a few adaptations from the German. 
Some of these have passed into other collec- 
tions and include : — 

1* And now we go away and leave this ballowcd 
place. C&m 0/ Service. 

2. Assembled in Thy temple, Lord. iKianelForrftfp. 

3. Begin the glorious lay. Kaster. 

4. Behold the sacred rite. II. Communion. 

5. Come, little child, with me. S. Schools. 

6. Gathered In this sacred place. Divine Worship, 
? . Qathercd In this upper room. Mission Service. 

ts. God is gone up oa high, Bless ye, &c. Asccrtricm. 
B. Hail to the holymorn. Christmas. 

10. Hear us, holy Jeans. Zent. 

11. How bleat in Jesus' steps to tread. Imitation of 
Christ. 

12. Lord, onoe more we sing Thy praises. SeKool 
festival. 

13. Met at this most solemn time. Close of the Tear. 

14. Most Holy Lord Mid God, Lo, > n Thy courts. 
Divine Worship. 

15. no! it is not death to fly Above earth's, &c. 
i*ea& (Ae entrance into Life. 

16. (Me more year is passed away. Old & Hew Tear. 
11. Spirit of Christ and God, It. 1. Whitsuntide. 

19, Spirit of cleansing grace, It, ii. Whitiwitide. 

io. Spired by Thy goodness, gracious Lord, parish 
festival. 

2d. The power that rules the globe. Christ's Power 
to Haul. 

SI. To God all glory be. IIAy Trinity. 

22. To those who tread with duteous pace. The 
Christian Seasone. rj, J,] 

Jackson, Edward Hall, s. of a, civil 
engineer, was b, in Birmingham, April 12, 
18(18. In 1856 bo joined a Baptist Church, 
and in 1850 became a Baptist minister. In 
that capacity ho has laboured in Liverpool, 
Billcsden (Leicestershire), Castlo Donitigton, 
Kipley, and Louth; and as an occasional 
lecturer ho has been widely popular. His 
hymns havo bocn composed chiefly fot S. 
School Anniversaries. Three were introduced 
into the Baptist Hymnal, 1870, find seven 
into the Scltool Hymnal, 1880. The following 
are found in several S. S. collections: — 

1. A thousand blessings on the place. Me Sunday 
School. 

I. Brethren, we have found the Lord. Invitation to 
Church Fellowship. 

3. Fearless, calm, and strong in love, Jeachers' 
Meeting. 

4. tiark for a voice to the children calling. Invitation 
Heavenwards. 

5. How fair are the lilies, what fragrance they yield. 
Flower Services. 

6. I have a wort, O T-ord. Teachers h Prayer. 

7. Jesus, hear as for the young. Teachers' Prayer. 
ft. Little vessels on life's waters. Prayer for the 

Young. 

B. Love each other, littlecblldren./ora ono* fattence. 
10. Sliall Jesus bid the children come 1 Children 
invited to Christ. 
1 l.Tba golden land Is shining. Beaven. [W. R.6.] 

Jackson, Martha Evans. [Sheiiej, 

Martha E.] 

Jacobl, John Christian, a native of 
Germany, was b. in 1670, and appointed 
Keeper of tho Boyal German Chapel, St. 
James's •Palace, London, about 1708. He 
held that post for 42 years, and d. Dec. 14, 
1760, He was buried in tho Church of St. 
Paul's, Covent Garden. His publications in- 
eluded : — 

(l¥ A Collection of Divine Hymns, Translated from 
the High Duteh. TogetAermth their Proper Twines and 
Thorough Bast. London: Printed and Sold by J. 
Young, in 'St. .Paul** Churchyard ; . . .^1130. This 
edition contains 15 hymns. -Two years later this collec- 
tion, with a few changes In thb text and much enlarged, 
was republished as'(2) Psalmodia Germanica fror a 
Specimen of Divine -ffjfrrtw. Trcmlatcdfrom the High 



JACTAMUK HEU QUOT 575 

Dutch. Together with their Proper raiiesnwl Thorough 
Bast. Ijnidon: J. Young . . . 1,22, This edition con- 
tained 62 hymns, of which 3 (" He reigns, the Lord oar 
Saviour reigns" ; " Is God withdrawing *' 1 " Shepherds 
rejoice ") and the first stanxa of another (" Raise your 
devotion, mortal tongues," from "Husannah to the 
Prince of Lifo") were taken from 1. Watts. A 2nd 
Part was added in Has, and was incorporated with the 
former part in 1732. Lend., G. Smith, After Jarobi's 
death the Psalniodia Germanic® watt republished, In 
1705, by John Haberkorn, with a Supptemeni of 33 
Plecrs. [<£. A. C] • 

Jacobus de BenedictiB, commonly 
known as Jaeopone, was b. at Todi in 
Umbria, early in the ISth cent., bis proper 
name being Jacopono di Bcoedetti. Ho was de- 
scended from a noble family, and for some 
time Jed a secular life. Some remarkable cir- 
cumstances which attended the violent death 
of his wife, led him to withdraw himself from 
the world, and to enter the Order of St. 
Francis, in which he remained as a lay 
brother till his death, at an advanced age, in 
130G. His zeal led him to attack the religious 
abases of the day. This brought him into con- 
flict with Pope Boniface VIII., the resultbcing 
imprisonment for long periods. His poetical 
pieces were written, some in Italian, and some 
in Latin, the most famous of tho latter being 
"Cur rmmdus militit sub vanil gloria" (pos- 
sibly byWaltorMapes), and tho " Stabat Mater 
dolorosa." Archbishop Trench saysof him:— 

" An earnest humourist, he carried the being a fool 
for Christ into evcry-day life. The things which with 
this intent he did, some morally striking enough, others 
mere extravagances and pieces of gross spiritual buf . 
foonery — wisdom and folly, such as "wo oltcu find, side 
by side, in the saints of the Roman Calendar — are 
largely reported by Wadding, the lilstorian of the ^Yau- 
ciscan Order, sjid by Lisco, In a separate monograph on 
the Stniiat Mattr, Kerlln, 1843, p. 23. These often 
leave one in doubt whether ho was indeed perfectly 
sound in his mind, or only a Christian Brutus, feigning 
folly, that be might impress his wisdom tlie more 
deeply, and utter it with more freedom." Sac. Latin 
Poetry, 3rd ed., 1814, p. 26S. 

Sketches of tho life and writings of Jacopono, 
drawn entirely from tho original sources 
(freneA), have been pub, as follows:— 

(1) By Mohnike, Studien Stralsund, 1B2S, vol. t. pp. 
336-4u6i (?) byOzauam, Let Pontes Franciscaint en 
Italie au Treirteme Steele, Paris. In addition there 
are articles In the Biographic Universelle ; Jfacmil- 
lan'i Xagasine, Aug., 1SJ3 ; and the £ne. Jiritanniea, 
0th ed. [J. J.] 

Jacque, George, s, of Goorgo Jacque, 
Douglas, Lanarkshire, was b. near Douglas, 
Jan. 18, 1804. After studying at tho Uni- 
versity of Glasgow, ho became, in 1835, 
miniaiter of tho South U. P. Church, Auohter- 
arder, Perthshire. He has pub. Tho Clouds; 
a Poem, 1866 ; and iToye, tit Lights and 
Shadoms, 1875. He was appointed a member 
of tho Hymnal Committee of tho V. P, 
Church in 1870, and contributed tho following 
to their Presb. Hymnal, 1876:— 

1 , Hark, how heaven is calling, fiivine Worship. 

2. O Thou in Whom are all our springs. National 
Hyrtm. [J. M.] 

Jactaimir heu quot fluctibiiB, Ck 
Coffin. [Evening.'] Pub. in the Paris Pre- 
viarg, 173G, as the hymn for Mondays at 
Vespers, and in his Hymni Saeri, 1786, p, 13, 
It is also in the Lyons and other modem 
French Breviaries ; Chandler's Eys. of Hie 
Primitive Ckurch, 1837, No. ID, and Card. 
Newman's LTymni Ecclesiae, 1838 and 1 865. 

[W. A. B.] 



576 



JAHN, MARTIN 



Translation in C, U. : — 

Whsn storm mad tempest o'er us rolL By J. 
Chandler in hia Hys. of the P. Church, 1837, 
p. 16. This is repeated in a few collections. 
In the Ilymnary, 1872, it is given as, " When 
earth's fierce tempest e'er us rolls." 

Translations net in C. H. : — 

1. Now us with winds and waves at war. I. Williams. 
1839. 

3. We lift our eyes oppressed vitb ills. J. X. Neale, 
In It. Campbell's Hys. * jtniAsnw. 1BS0, 

3. Tust on the ocean drift. W. J. Btea, IMS and 
1865. 

4. -Tost on the wave, by tempest driven. J. &. Cftant- 
oeri. lBSr. [J. J.] 

John, Martin, [janue, x.] 

Jam Chrlate sol juatitiao. [Lent.'] In 
this hymn Lent is regarded as a season of 
wailing and penitential preparation for the 
Second Creation at Easter. It does not seem 
to be earlier than the 6th cent. It is found 
in two Msa. of the 11th cent in the Britith 
Muieum, via. in a Hymnarivm (Veep. D. xii. 
f. 120), and in a Mozarabie Breviary (Add. 
30848, f. 98). From the former of these it is 
printed in the Lot, Hyt. of Jfte Anglo-Saxon 
Ck, 1851, p. 159. It is iound in the older 
Soman (e. g. Venice, 1478) and Aberdeen 
Breviariee. Also in Mane, No, 69 ; Daniel, i., 
No. 21*, &c. In the revised Roman Breviary, 
1632, it begins »1 Mlntii, intimls, and this 
form is repeated in later eds, of that Breviary ; 
in Dante!, i., No. 214 ; and in Card. Newman's 
Hymni Eccletiae, 1838 and 18GS. [J. M.] 

Both forms of this hymn have been tr, into 
English as follows :— 

i, Jam Christ* sol justitlae. This is tr, by J. 
D. Chambers, in his Zaada Syon, 1SST, p. 129, 
as : — "0 Christ! Thou Sun of justice, come." 

ii, sol sslutis, inttnis. The trs, in C. U. nre : 

1. The darkness fleets, and joyful earth. By EL 
Caswall, in his Lyra Catholics, 1349, p. 74, and 
again in his Hys. $ Poems, 1873, p. 41. It is 
in C, U. in its original translated form, and also 
(1) the same with slight alterations as in the 
Hymnary, 1873 ; (2) the same abbreviated ; (3) 
as " When darkness fleets, snd joyful earth," as 
in the People's II., 1867 ; and as (4) "Jesu,true 
Sun of human souls," in the 1862 Appendix to 
the //. Noted. 

Translatutna not in C. V. : — 

1. O sovereign Sun, dttTuso Thy light. 
In Shipley's Amus Snofru, 1S84. 

2. Salvation's Sun, the inward gloom. 
IS3T. 

g. Jjord,Sunofsalvation, ponr. A. J, B. Hope, 1844. 

4. Jesn, Sun of health divine. IT. J. Otntloml, 
1848. 

5. O Jesn, Son of Jnstice, shine. J. Wallace, ISM, 
ft. Jesn, San of oar Salvation. D. T. Maroon, 18*0. 

[J.J.] 
Jam Christue astra ascendetrat. St 
Ambrose f [Whitsuntide.! This hymn ia as- 
cribed to St. Ambrose by Thcmatim, Mane and 
others, but is not assigned to htm by the 
Benedictine editors. It is a metrical Butting 
of Acta ii, 1-16, without much beauty or 
point, Thomatius, ii, 374, cites it as in a 
Vatican us. of the 8th cent. It is in three 
Has. of the 11th cent, in the British Museum; 
two of the English Church (Vesp. D. xii. f. 
79 ; Jul. A. vi. f. 52Y and one of the ancient 
Spanish Church (Add. 30848, f. 158) ; and in 
the Latin Hys, of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 
1851, p, 95, is printed from an 11th cent, MS. 



Primer, Hoe, 
Bp, Mant, 



JAM DESINANT SUSPIHIA 

at Durham (B. iii. 32, f. 28). Also in an Ilth 
cent. mb. at St GalL No, 387. In the Sarum 
Breviary it was the hymn at First Vespers on 
Whitsunday and daily to Trinity Sunday; the 
second part, Imjiets gaud*nt viseera, being as- 
signed to Lauds. In the York and Soman 
Breviaries it wuethc hymn at Matins in Whit- 
suntide. In the Durham us. " Da Patris ergo 
lumitie" (I. 13) is assigned to Sext, and 
"Judaea tunc incredula" (I. 25) to None in 
Whitsuntide. The printed text is also in 
Mone, No. 182 ; Daniel, i., No. 57, and iv, 
p. 83 ; and the Littlemore Hymnale teeun- 
Awn U$tm .... Eccl. SarUbvrientU, 1850, 
p. 70. [J. M.] 

Both parts of this hymn have been tr. into 
English, and are in C. U. as follows ; — 

i. Jam Christus Mtra asoenderat. Tr. as : — 
1, Above the starry spheres. By E. Caswall, 
ia his Lyra Catholics, 1849, p. 104; and again 
in his Hys, $ Poems, 1873, p. 59. It is usually 
slightly altered, as in H, A. $ M. 

t, Vow Christ aseending whence He same. By 
J. M. Keale, in the H. Noted, 1854, the Mymixer, 
1882, &c Sometimes as " Now Christ, gone up 
to whence He came," as in the Salisbury Hy. Bk. 
1857. 

3, Row Christ unto the star* above. By R. F. 
Littledale, in the People's H., 1867, signed " L" { 
and again, somewhat altered, in the Irringite 
Hys. for the Use of the Churches, 1871. 

4. Christ had regained the sky. By £. A. Bay- 
man, in the Simm Hymnal, 1868, in 9 st. of 6 
1., and again in the Hymnary, 1872, in 6 st. of 6 1. 

Translations not in 0, TJ< : — 

1. our redemption, Jesu Christ. Primer, 1604. 

2. O Jean, Who our souls doth save, Fruiter, 1614, 
a. Now Christ hath pierced the skies to claim. 

Primer, 1T06. 

4. Wow Christ beyond the stsrs bad gone. TT. /. 
Copdtmi, 1848, 

B. Now Christ bad climbed the stsny shies. IT. J. 
Blta, 1392-Sft. 

0. Now, Christ above the starry shies. J. D. Cham- 
bers, 18B1. 

7. Now far Above the atarry plain. J, D. AylwraiU, 
In Shipley's Ammt Sfcmctui, 1 BS4. 

8. To former acenes of glorlona light. By H. Trend, 
tniyrn Matianita, 1SS4. 

9. Now Christ beyond the stars ts gone. J, Wciltaet, 
ISM. 

ii. Impleta gaadent viasera, Tr. as : — 

I Breathed en by Osd the Holy Ohest By R, 

F. Littledale, in the People's H., 1867, and signed 

"A. I. P." 

1, 'With joy the AportW bieasts are ftred. 
Anonymous in the Anttphoner $ Grail, 1880, and 
the Hymner, 1882. 

In addition to these tr*. Mr. Blew has a tr. 
beginning " To men from every nation call'd." 
This opens with st. ii. of " Impieta gaudent 
viscera," beginning " Notique ennotis genti- 
bus." [J. J.] 

Jam desinant auapiria. C. Qtffin, 
[Christmat.'] The hymn for Matins of ChrisU 
mas Day in the Pari* Breviary, 1738 ; and 
again in his Hymni Saori, 1736, p. 36. It is 
also in the liyont and other French Breve., 
J. Chandler's Hyt. of the Primitive Church, 
1837, No. 41, and Card. Newman's Hymni 
Eeeletiae, 1838 and 1865. [W. A. S.] 

Translations ia C, U. ; — 

1. Cease, wesxy mortals, cease to sigh. By J, 
Chandler in his Jfys. of the P. Church, 1837, 
p, 44. This was repeated in Johnston's English 



JAM LUCIS OBTO 

Hymnal, 1852, and again, with alteration!, in 
1856 and 1861. 

3, Away -with eermw'a sigh, By I, Williams, 
in his Bys. tr. from the Parisian Brev^ 1839, 
p. 53. This is given in Lord Selborne's Bk. of 
Praise, 1862. 

I. Owl from m high b*& luud. By Bp, J. R. 
Woodford. Written about 1850, and 1st pub. 
in his Bys. Arranged for Sunday), &c, 1852 and 
1855. It is found in nnmerous hymn-books, and 
in various forms, the principal of which are ; — 

[11 The original tr. In ©hope's B]/amal t 18M. 

(I) The text In s.h. is in M. A. A M. This ni 
given to the trial copy at H.A.A Jt, IBS*, and in the 
eds. of 18«1 »nd 1816. It i« also In many other collec- 
tions. It Is an altered version of Bp. Woodford's tr., 
wis matte without bis knowledge, and was never ac- 
cepted by him. [g. kss.] 

(3) The Parish Bynn Beak, 1863 and 18TS, This 
text is thus composed : it. t.-v. and vilL are from Bp. 
Woodford's tr. ; and at. Ti, vli. are by the Kev. Q. 
Philtlmore. [s. jcss.J. 

(4) The Sma Bymnal text. 1B8S, Ho. M. This is 
Bp. Woodford's revised and authorised text. [k. XB8.]. 
It is giveiii slightly altered, In the JBjfmnary, 18T1. 

(5) The S. if. G. K. Clmrth Ami, mi. This text 
is thus composed : at. i.^Ul., Sp. Woodford's original tr. ; 
at. iv., v. the same but slightly altered; st. vl., from 
Bp, Woodford's revised text in the Sarim, isea ; st 
vli., vlil., by G. Philllmore, as In the Parith H. Bk. 

It should be noted in connection with this tr. that the 
beautiful lines in the Sarttm text, 

« Adoring tremble still, 
And trembling still adore," 
are from I. Williams's tr., i&3», where they are given 
as one line. 

f. New suspend the wistful sigh. By G. Rori- 
lon, in his Hys. $ Anthems, 1851, No. 23, and 
the 1862 Appendix to the H. Noted, No. 125. 

6. Clear through the afloat night, This tr, in 
T. Barling's Hys. for the CS. of England, 1887, 
is a slightly altered form of the H. A. $ -*^ text 
beginning with at. ii. 

6. Calmed be nu griefs, hushed every sigh. By 
J. D. Chambers in his Lauda Syon, 1857. This 
was repeated in the Bymnal for the Use of St. 
John the Evangelist, Aberdeen, 1870. 

T. Hark! en the midnight air. In Skinner's 
Daily Service Hymnal, 1864; and the Altar 
Hymnal, 1884. This text is as follows: sts. 
i.-iv. by Bp. Woodford in the Parish H. Bk* as 
above ; st v. from G. Phillimore's addition to 
the same, altered ; and the rest by A. H. Ward. 

8. Hew let mournful sighing cease. By R, 
F. Littledale in the People' t H, t 1867, and signed 
"A. L. P." 

TnnsUtuni net In 0. T/. t — 

1. Ye people, cease from tears. B. Campbell. I860. 

2. Let sighing cease end woe. V. J. Blew. 1892. 

3. Now signs of mourning disappear, iorol Entire; 
Id 0. Shipley's .annus SaiKtas, 1881. [J. J.] 

Jam luoia orfcet sidere. [JBbrnino.] 
This hymn has frequently been ascribed to 
St. Ambrose, but it is not assigned to him^by 
tlio Benedictine editors, or by Biraghi in his 
Jnni tinceri e camtf di Sdnf Ambrogio, 1862. 
It is certainly ancient, and may possibly be 
as old as the Btb. cent Afbne, i. p. 372, cites 
it as in an etb cent, mb. at Darmstadt, and in 
two mm. of the 8th cent at Trier; in each 
case appointed for Prime. It is found in three 
mbs. of the llth cent in the British Museum 
(Tesp. D. xii. f. 7 6 ; Jul. A. vi. f. 21 ; Hail. 
2961 f. 219 1>). In the Lot. Eye. of the Anglo- 
Saxon Ckttrch (Surtees Society), 1851, p. 9, It 
is printed from an llth cent MB. at Durham 
(B. iii.32f, 4). Itisalso in an llth cent, ms, 
at Corpus Chiisti College, Cambridge (391, p. 



JAM LUCIS OBTO 



577 



230) ; in the St Gall mm. 313, 314 of the llth 
cent., &o. In almost a!) Mediaeval Breviaries, 
including I he Santm, York, Aberdeen, Mos- 
orniioof.1502, Roman (Venice, 1478, and the 
revision of 1632) and Paris of 1613 ; uniformly 
as a hymn at Prime in the Daily Office. The 
text ia also in Daniel, i., No. 48, with a re- 
ference at iv. p. 42 to It as in a Bheinau ms. 
of tbe 10th cent ; in the Hyitmariam Sartsb., 
18Sl,p. 38; in Wackemagel,i.,'Ito. 87; in Card. 
Newman's flpim Ecdesiae, 1838 and 1866, 
Ac. In the Paris Brev., 1736, it is recast by 
CharleB Coffin, and this text is in J. Chandler s 
Hys. of the Primitive Church, 1837, No. 3 ; 
Card. Newman's Hynxni Scdetiae, 1838 and 
1863 ; Macgill's Song* of the Christian Creed 
and Life, 1876. [J. M.] 

Both forms of this hymn have been tr. into 
English, and hare come into extensive 0, U. 
as follows : — 

1. The Original Text. 

1. Brightly ahlnss the morning star. By Bp. 
B. Mant, in his Ancient Hymns, Ac, 1837, p. 4 
(ed. 1871, p. 8). In Kennedy, 1863. 

t. Mow hath arisen the star of day. By H. 
Alford, in his Ps. # Bys., 1844, Xo, 106 j and 
again in his Year of Praise, 1867. 

>, Hew doth the sun ascend the efcy. By EL 
Caswall, in his Lyra Catholics, 1849, p. 9 ; and 
again in his Bys. and Poems, 1873, p. 6. This 
was repeated in Oldknow's Hymn*, &c, 1650; 
with slight alterations in tbe People's H., 1867 ; 
and also in other collections, 

4. Bow that the daylight fills the sky. By 
J. M. Neale, in the Hymnal JK, 1852, No. 4. 
This in given unaltered in several hymn-books. 
In H. A. $ M., 1661 and 1875, it begins with 
the same first line, but the text is very much 
altered by the compilers. This is repeated in 
Kennedy, 1863, No. 821. The text in Pott's 
Hymns, &c, 1861, is altered by the editor. In 
the S, P. C. K, Church Hys., 1871, the t«t of 
H. A. fy M. is taken with slight alterations. The 
text in Taring's Coll., 1882, is Neale's altered 
by Thring. In addition to these it is altered in 
the English Hymnal, 1852 end 1861, to "Now 
that the day-star mounts the sky [on high] ;" in 
the Sarum Hyl., 1868, " While now the daylight 
fills the sky;" and tbe Hymnary, 1872, "Again 
the daylight fills the sky." When these arrange- 
ments of Neale's tr. of the hymn are all taken 
into account it is found that his tr. is the most 
widely used of any. 

5. The star of light is riling bright. By W, J, 
Blew, in his Church Hymn & Tune Bk., 1852-55, 
and again in Bice's Bel. from the same, 1870. 

fl. As mounts *n high the orb of day, By R. C. 
Singleton, written in 1867, and pub. in his 
Anglican H. Bk., 1866. 

7. Tfcs eta* of light amends the sky. By G. 
Moultrie, in hie Bys. and Lyrics, 1867, and the 
Irvingite/Tyt./orfAtf Use of the Churches, 1871. 

Other translations an : — 

1. Now that the day-Btar doth arise. Bp. Owta, in 
his CbU. of Private Devotions, 1621. (Rlvlngton's etl., 

1838, p. 39). 

3. The morning star has risen, and we. W. W. Hon, 
in hie CoU. of Hvmni, ieS3. 

3. The star of mom to sight succeeds. Card. J. H. 
Newman, In Ttacitfer the Tiwst, No. 7o\ p. ss. 

4. Now that tbe star of light hstb risen. A. J. B, 
Baft. 1844. 

6. Yon herald star hath brought the morn. J7ymna- 
rium Anglicamm, 1M*. 



678 



JAM NON TE 



Oh While now the sun his course begins. Bp. J. 
Williams, In his Ancient Hyi., Hartford, U.S.A., 1945. 
1. Now day's bright et»r is risen afar, W. J. Cape- 
land, 19*8. 

a. Now the day-star bright is bom. £. iftnosoB. 1851. 
9, Toe star of light hath risen, &Dd now. «T. D. 
Chamber*. 1857. 

in. IMseth now the star of day, H. Bonmr, hi hia 
Jlys. of Faith & Hope, IBS7. 

'll. The star of day hath risen, and we. J. Keble, m 
his Misc. Poena, 1B70. 

22. The star of mom is in the skies. JF, M. Macgilt. 
isle. 

13. The day-star shows his radiant face. J. Wallace. 
1814. 

ii. Hie Paris Breviary Text. 

1. Once more the inn is beaming bright, By 
J. Chandler, in his Hys. of the Primitive Church, 
1837, p. 3: into the Wen. H. Bk., 1875, and 
others. In the Cooke and Denton Church Hyl., 
1853, it was altered to "Now whilst the sun is 
beaming bright;" and in Mercer's Ch, Psalter 
$ II. Ilk., 1864, it is rewritten from CM. to i.M. 
(is "The star of morn now wakes from sleep." 

2. Nov that tin day-aUf glimmer* bright. By 
Card. J. H. Newman, in hia Verses on Religious 
Subjects, 1853 ; and hia Verses on Various Occa- 
sions, 18(58, p. 234, where it ia dated " Little- 
more, Febrnary, 1842." In the American Uni- 
tarian Ilys.for the Chvrch of Christ, 1853, No. 365, 
it was given in 4 fl* as "Now that tho sun is 
beaming bright." This was repeated in Spurgeon's 
0. 0. H. Bk., 1866 ; W. F, Stevenson's Hys. for 
Church and Home, 1873; ilartinean's Hymns, 
Sic, 1873, and others. In Beecher's Plymouth 
Coll., 1855, and others, it reads, " Now that the 
sun is gleaming "bright." 

Other tr«. are : — ■ 

1. Now mom's star hath wolce from sleep, I. Wil- 
liams, in the British Magazine, Jan. 1834 ; and hid Uys, 
tr.Jrom t&e Parisian Breviary. 1839+ p. 5. 

S. The star of light hath risen, and now (st. iil., " As 
wane the houra," fee.). J, o. Chamber*. 1857. 

a. The star of light has risen, O Lord, 8k. By Cf. 
Phtlltraore in the Farish It. Bk., 1863 and 1875. 

4. Tbe star of morn is in the ekiea. S. M. MacgiXl. 
lev*. [J, J.] 

Jam non te laoerant eamifioam 
manue, Jean Baptiste de Santeiiil, [Com- 
mon of One Martyr."] Appeared in the Glumae 
Breviary, 1686, p. xviii., and in Ms Hyisni 
Sacri et Novi, 1689, p. 202, and again in edi- 
tion 1698, p. 244, in 5 at. of 4 1. It was in- 
cluded in the Pari* Brev., 1736, and is also 
found in the Lyons and other modern Frenoh 
Brevs., and in Card, Newman's Hymni Eeole- 
tiae, 1838 and 1865. Tr. as :— 

Fear no more for the torturer's hand. By 1. Wil- 
liams, in hia Hys.tr, fromthe Parisian Brev., 1839, 
p. 285. This was repeated in tho Hymnal for the 
Use of St. John the Evangelistic, Aberdeen, 1870; 
and as, " FeaT no more the clanking chain," in 
Kennedy, 1&G3. In this fit. i,, ii. are reversed, 
st. iv. is rewritten, and the dojcology is omitted. 

Translation not in 0, 77. : — . 

No more thy limbs are rent. J. D. Chambers. 386G. 

[J. J.] 

Jam aanotiuB moves opus, C. Origin. 
[Friday.] Appointed in the Paris Breviary, 
1736, for Fridays at Matins after Whitsuntide, 
It was also included in tho author's Hymni 
Sacri, 1736, p. 25, in 6 st. of 4 ].,in J. Chand- 
ler's Bus. of the Primitive Church, 1837, Wo. 
29, and in Card, Newman*s Hymni Ecclesiae, 
1838 and 1865. [W. A. 8.] 

Translations in C. U, : — 

1. And now, God, Thy mfnd resolves. By J. 



JANUS, MABTIN 

Chandler in his Hys. of the Prim. Chwch, 1837, 
p. 26. 

8, To day, Lord, a, holier work, This tr. in 
H. A.fy M„ 1861 and 1875, in Kennedy, 1863, 
and others, is Chandler's tr. altered by the com- 
pilers of H. A. $ & 

3, To day, God, Thy mind resolves. This tr. 
in' the Hymnal for the Use of £t. John the Evan- 
gelist, &c, Aberdeen, 1870, is Chandler's tr. 
altered by the editor. 

4. To day, Lord, Thy will resolves. This tr. 
in the Hymnary, 1872, is also Chandler's tr* 
but altered by the editors of the Hymnary. 

Translations not in C. TJ. i— . 

1. Now a holler work, I>ord. /. Williams, 1&39. 

2. A. greater, holler work this day. J. D. Chambers. 

IBS'- [J. J.] 

Jam Bolie exeelBiim jubar, C. Coffin, 
[Easter.] Given in the Pan's Breviary, 1736, 
as the hymn at Sext in Paschal-tide. In tho 
author's Hymni Sacri, 1736, p. 92, it begins, 
"Nunc solis," &o. The Paris Brev. form is 
repeated in J. Chandler's Hys. of the Primitive 
Church, 1837, No. 6, and in Card. Newman's 
Hymni Eccleeiae, 1838 and 1865. [W.A.S.] 

Translation in C. U. ; — 

Behold the radiant sun en high. By J. D, 
Chambers, in his Lauda Syon, 1857, p.38, in 
3 st. of 4 1. This wifs repeated, with alterations, 
in the Hymnary, 1872. 

Translation* not ia 0. V. ; — 

1. And now the snn's meridian beams. J. Chandler, 
1S3T. 

2. The eun ia soaring high. I, Williams. In tho 
British Magazine, Jan. 1834, and hEs Hys. tr. from the 
Parisian Brev., 1839. 

3. Fast climbs the sun heaven's crystal mount. W. J. 
Bleu). 1862. [J. Jj 

Jam toto subitus vesper eat polo. 

[B. V. M.~\ Tho hymn at Matins in the office 
of the Seven Dolours of the B. V, M., com- 
memorated on the 3rd S. in September. This 
office has been added to the lioman Breviary 
since 173ft. It is bound up with the Pars 
Autumnalis of the British Museum copy of the 
Antwerp ed., 1757, and was authorized then 
for use in Germany by the " Fratres ardinis 
servorum B. M. V." In the Kempten ed., 
1746, it is given among the offices not of uni- 
versal obligation, and marked as to be used in 
all the hereditary possessions of the House of 
Austria. The text of tills hymn is in recent 
editions of the Breviary, and also in Daniel, iv, 
p. 306. Tr. as :— 

Come, darkness, spread e'er heaven thy pall. By 
E. Caswall, in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 171, 
and again in his Hys. S/ Poems, 1873, p. 93. It 
has been repented in n few hymn-books. Another 
tr, is, "Lot darkness vanish from the heavens 
now, by J Wallace, 1874. [J- 11 -] 

Janus, Martin, seems to have been a 
native of Silesia, and to have been born about 
1620. After receiving his license in theology, 
he became Precentor of the two churclus at 
Sorau, in Silesia, then, about 1653, was ap- 
pointed Bector of the Evangelical School at 
Sagan, and Precentor at the church near the 
Eckersdorf gate. He became Pastor at Eckere- 
dorf about 1664, but was espelled hy the Im- 
perial Edict of March 13, 1668, by which all 
Evangelical pastors and teachers were driven 
out of the principality. He is said to have be- 
come Precentor at Ohlau, in Silesia, and d. 



JE TE 8ALUE, MON 

there about 1682. The only hymn by him if, 
into English is : — 

Jen mdmi Sedan "Wenns. £»w re CAriW. In- 
cluded in the ChriitKch Bcrteni Andacht, NUmbere, 
ISM rWeUtahUttel], No. 34, in IS St., repented with 
hie nune In the Mnmberg G. B., 1676, So., and In Pom's 
O. B., ed. 185S, No. Tit. Sometimes erroneously as- 
cribed to J. Scheffler. The tr. Is, " 1 st last I did dis- 
cover," beginning with st. t. as No. «4 in pt. I, of the 
Jforaeian JT. BlL, I>5t. In tbe 1769 and later eds. 
nsss, Uo. 33s) it begins «■ ! at last I've found my 
Bavlonr." [j, M.] 

Je Te ealne, mon certain Bedemp- 
teur. Jehan Calvin (?). [Praise (o (thrift."] 
This hynm, entitled "Salutation a J&ua- 
Christ," fast appeared in the edition of the 
French Psalter, published at Strassburg in 
1545, the Strassburg copy of which unfor- 
tunately perished in the destruction of the 
Town Library during the bombardment of 
Strassburg in the Franco-German war. It has 
been ascribed to Calvin, but F, Bovet, in hie 
Hittoire du Psaatier des Eglises Beformtks, 
1872, and Dr. E. Reuss, of Straasburg, who 
included it in S at. of 8 lines in the " Lesser 
Works of Calvin " (Carpus Beformatorum, 
1867, voL xxxiv.), both regard his authorahip 
aa very doubtful. O. Douen, in his Clement 
JIarot et U Psautier Huguenot, 1873-79, thinks 
it probable that the author was Jean Oarnier, 
then Minister of the French Congregation at 
Strassburg. Mr. Bannerman gives an interest- 
ing summary of the evidence as a preface to 
bis translation (see below). It is tr. as 

1. I mat Thee* -who «ut sun Bedeemar art. A good, 
full and close tr. In the original metre, made in 1A6B, by 
ELIiibethI.ee Smith, wife of Prof. H. B. Smith, of New 
York, and contributed to Schaffg Christ in Song (ed. 
1869, p. SJS). Included in W. F. Stevenson's Byt. for 
Church * Bant, 1873, omitting st. L, vl., Til., banning 
with st. ii., " Thou art the King of mercy and of grace," 
and slightly altering it, ill, 1, tr(st. iv. of original). 



ft. I greet Thee, nvjBedeemeraun. A fall, pood and 

' .), first pub. in "" 

.... , p.468. I 

fall, and unaltered, In the SchaiKSilmau Library of Rt- 



close tr. by I). \>. B&onennan (q. v.), first pub. In The 
Catholic Fretbyterian, Dee, ISTs, p. 468. Included In 



Kffioui Poetry (ed. 1883, p. 810), and unaltered, but 
omitting at. 11., viii., as No. US, in tho Free Church H, 
it*., I8S3, [J. M.] 

Jehovah ! tie a glorious Name. P. 

Doddridge. [Truit in Jehovah^ IntheD.MBS. 
this hymn is headed, " The Saint encouraging 
himself in the Lord his God," and is dated 
" Oct, 9, 1737." It was included in J. Orton'a 
ed. of Doddridge's (posthumous) Hymns, Ice., 
1765, No. 20, in 3 st. of 4 1„ and again in J. D. 
Humphreys's ed. of the same, 1839, No. 24. 
In the Bavt. Hyl., 1879, it is slightly altered. 

[J. J-] 

Jeleeky, Johannes, better known in the 
Germanised form Oeletaky, was ordained a 
priest of the Bohemian Brethren's Unity in 
1555. He waa some time President of the 
community at Fulnek, in Bohemia, and after- 
wards at GrSdlitz, in Bohemia. He d. at 
Grodlitz, Deo. 28, 1568. He was sent by Bp. 
Blahcslav to negotiate with the Anabaptists of 
AusterliU. To the Kirchengeaeng, 1566, he 
contributed 22 hymns and translations. Two 
have passed into English, of which one is 
noted under Aug-nata, J, The other is 

Sankt Gett dam Herarn. Children- 136S, aa above, 
in 7 st. In Woekernogtl, Iv. p. 3W- Tr. »h " Iu Faitb, 
teach us," beginning with st. v., as No. 219, inpl. 1. 
of the Jforauion B. Bk., 1T54. [J. M.] 

Jersey, Margaret Elisabeth Villiera, 
nee Leigh, Counteew of, eldest daughter of 



JERUSALEM LUMINOSA 579 

Lord Leigh, of Stoneleigb, in the county of 
Warwick, waa b. Oct. 29, 1849, and in 1872 was 
married to the Earl of Jersey. In 1871 the 
Religious Tract Society published a small col- 
lection of her hymns and poems under the 
title of Hymns and Poemefor very Little Chil- 
dren. A second series under the same title 
appeared in 1875. They "were mostly written 
by Lady Jersey before she married, for the use 
of a little sister, it being difficult to find 
hymns composed in language simple enough 
for a very yqung child." And certainly they 
are dietinguished by n charming simplicity 
both of thought and language. Six of these 
hymns were includ°d in W. K. Stevenson's 
School Hymnal, 1880. Some of these are re- 
peated in the Voice of Praise (London S. S. 
Union) and other collections. Her hymns in 
0. U. are :— 

1. Here am I, for thou didst call me. Child SawmtL 
1. Holy Jesus, Who didst die. A Child-i Prayer, 
3. 1 am a little soldier. A child of God. 

4. let me praise my God and King, Praia to God 
the- father. 

5. Speak the truth, for that is right. Speaking the 
Truth. 

6. There are many lovely things below- Beaven. 

[W. E. S.] 

Jerusalem, Jerusalem, enthroned 
once on high. Bp. H. Heber. {Christ 
Weeping over /ertiaatem.] Pub, in bis post- 
humous Hymn$, &c., 18#7, p. 102, in 5 st. of 
4 1., and appointed for tbe 10th S. after Trinity, 
the account of Christ weeping over Jerusalem 
being tbe Gospel for that day. In T. Darling's 
Hymmfor the Ch. of England, ed. 18G1-1875, 
it is altered to "Thou city of Jerusalem." 
The original is in several collections. [J. J.] 

Jerusalem luminosa. [Eternal Life,'] 
This hymn, in 100 lines, was 1st pub. by None, 
No. 304, from al5th cent ms. at Karlsruhe, in 
which it is entitled, " On the glory of the 
heavenly Jerusalem as concerning the endow- 
ments of the glorified body." Of this and 
the two cognate hymns of this ms. (" Quisqnis 
valet" and "In domo Patris," q.v.) Dr. Neale 
says, ** The language and general ideas prove 
the writer [unknown, but apparently of the 
15th cent] to have been subject to tbe influence 
of the school of Geert Groot and Thomas a 
Kempis " (_Hy». chiefly Mediseval on the Joys 
and Qlaries of Paradise, 1865, p. 44). Lines 
25 ff., " In te nunquam nubilata, may be com- 
pared with a passage in St, Cyprian's De laude 
martyrii : — 

" Ail things there have nothing to do with either cold 
or heat ; nor do the fields rest, as in autumn ; nor again 
does the futile earth bring forth fruit In the early 
spring; all things belong to one season, they bear tho 
fruits of one summer : Indeed, neither does the moon 
serve to mark tho mouths, nor does tbe sun run through 
tbe spaces of the liouts ; uor does the day, put to flight, 
give way to night j Joyfri rest-reigns over the people, 
a placid dwelling contains them." 

Dr. Neale's rendering of the 11. 25-30 is :— 
" There tbe everlasting spring-tide 
Sheds ItB dewy, green repose j 
There the Summer, In its glory. 
Cloudless and eternal glows ; 
For that country never knoweth 
Autumn's storms uor winter's snows." 
[W. A, S.] 
Translation in C. U. : — 
light's abode, Oeleatial Salem. By J. M, 
Neale, pub. in the H. Noted, 1858, in 7 st of 6 
1,, and again in his Hys. chiefly MedUenal M the 

2F2 



580 JERUSALEM, MY HAPPY 

Joys and Glories of Paradise, 1865. In its full 
or in an abridged form it has been included in 
several hyinn-books r including if. A. fy M, y the 
Ifymnary, &c. In the HyL for the use of 8* 
John, #C, Aberdeen, Appendix, 1S7Q, it is altei^d 
to " Seat of Light E Celestial Salem," and in the 
St, Margaret's Hymnal (East GrinBtend), 1875, as 
**0 how Messed, how quickening," [J. J«j 

Jerusalem, my happy home, [The 
Heavenly Jerusalem.] The importance of this 
poem) the varying forms in which it, or some 
portions of it, are fonnd in modern hymn- 
booka, and the doubt which attaches to its 
anthorship, necessitate an exhaustive treat- 
ment of its text and history. The fact that 
two versions are known, both dating from the 
latter part of the 16th cent, (those of F. B. P. 
and W. Prid), points naturally to a common 
source from whence each was taken. After 
indicating this probable source of the poem, 
we will give the text and history in detail. 

i. Probable source of the Poem. Foi some 
centuries the volume known to us us The Id edi~ 
lotions of St Augustine (Liber Medifationmn) 
had been popular, end had widely influenced 
the thought of the Church. At the time of the 
Reformation, Soman Catholic and Protestant 
alike vied in translations of it, in whole or in 
part In many editions Card* P. Damiani's 
hymn on Paradise, " Ad pareunia vitae 
fontetn " is given as a part of the Manual, 
and has thus become frequently ascribed to 
St. Augnstiuc> In the itoer Meditationum 
[ed. Divi Aurelii Augustini HipponensU 
jSpiecopi Medifatioiiet, SolUoquia et Manuale, 
Venice, 1553, c. 25] the following passage is 
found : — 

Mater Hicruaalem, Clvitas sancta Dei. . ♦ , , Felix 
anJiua mea, semperquc felix In saeculs, si lntuerl 
meruero glorisui tuam, beatitudlnem tuam, pukhri- 
tudlneni tuam t portas et mure* tuos, et plateau juae, et 
manatoiiea tuus multae, noblliBglmoe elves tuosi et for- 
tlsaimum Regem tuum Domfnum nostrum In decor* 
pug, Mmi uamque tui ex lapidlbns precioeiB, portae 
tuae ex margarftiB optimis FUteae tuae ex auro 
purlsslmo, in quibus jocundum Hallelula sine inter- 
mlasUme concinltur, Miuuiones tuae multae, quadrfa 
lapldLbua fundatae, sapphlrie conaLructoe, laterculls co< 
opertae aureis, inquas nullus fngreditur nisi tuundus, 
nullum habitat Lnqulnatns. Specie**, facta es et euavis 
In delicti* tula, mater Hlerusalem* Nihil In to tale, 
qu&le btc patimur, quaUa En bac miseru vitA cernl* 
naiiB. Nod sunt Ln te tenebrae, aut nox, aot qtiaellbet 
diversity temporum. Non lueet to te lux lucemae, aut 
Splendor lunoe, vet jubar, eLellaruin, Bed Dena de Deo, 
Lux de Luce, Sol Justltlse semper LLlumJnat te. Agnus 
candldus et Immacutatua, lucldum et pulcherrlmnm est 
lumen tuum. Sol tuus et cl&ritas tua et omne bottom 
tuum, hujus pulcherrLmi Regis indeuciens coutemplatlo. 
Ipse Rex Itegum In medio tui, et puerl ejus ln cirenmitu 
ejus. Ibi hymnidid Angelorum chorl* Ibi societaa an* 
pemoTum clvlum. Ibl dulcis solcmnitas omnium ab 
hac trlatl peregrinations ad tua gaudla redeuntinm. Ibi 
Propbetarum providut chorus. Ibi duodenus Aposto*. 
lorum numerns, Xbi innumerabllitLci Martyrum victor 
exerdtua. Ibi eanctorum Confeeeormn eaoer conventus. . 
Ibi vert et perfect! Monacrhl, Jbi aanctae Malieres, 

Jnae volnptates seculi et aexus Inflrmltatem vlcerunt 
bi Puerl et, Puellu qui aonog euos Sanctis moiibus 
tranacenderunt. Ibi aunt eves et asjnL> qui jam hujus 
voluptatlalaqueosevaserunt^ ExultaDtomneBuipTOphiB 
numslonibii^ dispar est gloria BinguloruiDf eed com* 
munis eat laetitla omnium. Plena et perfect* Ibl reg- 
iuU CaritM quia Deus eat ibi omnia In omnibus quern sum 
fine vldent, et semper vldendo ln ejus amore ardent, 
amant et iKUdant, laudant et ainant, ' Omne opus eorum 
taus Det r sine flne. erne defectlone, sine iabore + Felix 



ego «t vere in perpetuum felix^ si post resolutlonem 
bujuB corpuscuU audlre meruero iUa cantica ooeleatls 
mewdfae, quae lAntantur ad laudem Eegls Aetenu, ab 



ilUa Bupernae Fatriae clvibus bcatorumque spirituum 
" dbus. ™ 



Fortunatus ego, nlmlumque beatus, el et 
ego ipse memero cantans eaj et asslatere Kegi meo, Deo 



JERUSALEM, MY HAPPY 

meo> et T>nd meo, et camera ^nm in glorift sui, elcut 
Ipse pollioeri dlgnatus est r dlcens : Pater ndUr ut quot 
diditti mihi tint nuscun, ut vidtant rfaHitttem unettm, 
quam hdbui apod te ants amttitutumem mundt. Et 
alibi. Qui utihi ministrcrf, me tcqwxtvr t tt vbi ego tttm t 
ittic tt minister meat erit. Bt Iternm. Qui diligit ma 
diligetvr A Fatre ttua* it ego ditigam eum t et nnjnt- 
/**f<i6o ei meijuum. - t 

This passage, together with Card. P. De- 
miaui's hymn t seems to have been the source 
of the hymn by F. B. r., as it is certainly of 
that by W. Pricf. 

ii. the Hymn by F. B. P. This is in a we. 
book in the British Mtaeum, numbered Add? 
15,225. The vs. is undated! hut is of the 
latter part of the 16th or the beginning of the 
17th cent The full text is as follows :— 
A Song Map bt F: B: P. 
lb the tune of Diana. 
11 1 Hlerusalem my bappie borne 
^Vben shall 1 come to thee 
When tbalL my sorrowes haue an end 
Thy foyes when shall I eee 
"20 bappie barbour of the saints 
O ewecte and pleasant sojle 
Jo tbee noo sorrow may be founda 
Noe greefe, noe care^ noa toyle 
" 3 In thee noe sfclcenessa may be seena 
Noe hurt, noe ache, noe sore 
There is noe death, nor uglie devili 
There is life for euermoro 
*' 4 Noo damptahe mist is seene in tbee 
Noe could, nor darksome night 
There everie eoule shines as the eunne 
There god bimaelfe giues light 
** & There lust and lufear cannot dwell 
There envfe beares noe sway 
There is noe hunger heate nor oouldo 
But pleasure everte way 
(< fl Hleraaalem: Hferuaftlem 
God grvit I once may see 
Thy endless loyea and of the same 
Partaker aye to bee 
" 7 Thy wales ate made of precious stones 
Thy bulwarkes Diamond* a square 
Thy gates are of right orient penile 
Exceedinge rlche and rare 
** 8 Thy terrettes and thy pinaclee 
With carbuncles doe shino 
Thy verie streetes are paued with gould 
Hm-passlnge cleare and fine 
" 9 Tby houses w* of Ivorie 

Thy wlndoes crlstale cleare 
Thy tyles are mad of beaten gonld 
god that I were there 
* [ 10 Within thy gates nothlnge doeth coma 
That Is not pusinge, cleaoe 
Noe spiders web, noe durt noe dust 
JJoe Dltbe may there be eeene 
" II Ah my sweete home Hferussleme 
Would god I were in tbee 
Would god my woes were at an end 
Thy loyea that I might nee 
" 13. Thy saints are crownd with glode great 
They see god face to face 
They triumph still, they still reicyce 
Most happle ts their case 
11 13 Wee that are heere In banishment 
Oontinuallle doe mourne 
We slgbe and sohbe, we weepe and wsale 
Perpetually we grotne 
" U Oureweete js milt with bitter gaule 
Our pleasure is but pdne 
Our loyes scarce last the Zookeing on 
Onr eon-owes still remoiue 
*' i& Bat thete they line in each delight 
Such pleasure and such play 
As that to them a thousand yeares 
Doth seeme as yeaater day 
" 1& Thy vioiardee and tby orchardes are 
Most beotlfall and fidre 
Full furnished with trees and fraita 
Host wonderfull and rare 
*' \1 Thy gardens and thy gallant walkes 
Continually are greens 
Xaere groea such sweete and pleasant flowers} 
As noe where eies are seene '" r 



JERUSALEM, MY HAPPY 

** 18 There is sector and ambrosia made 
Then is mmke and clvette sweete 
Them manie a litre ind dsintie dnigge 
Ate troden under i eete 
*' ID There einomon there sugar groes 
Then narde ud bsbne abound 
What toange cad tell or hart conceits 
Tbe loyes that there are found 
H » Qujt through the streetea with sillier sound 
Tbe flood of life doe Howe 
Upon whose bankee on eyerie Hyde 
The wood of life dotb growe 
* £ 3I There treea for euermore beaie frulte 
And evermore doe springe 
There euermore tbe Angela sit 
And evermore doe singe 
" 33 There David standee with harps In hand 
Aa malater of the Queere 
Teni>e thousand times that man were bleat 
That might this musicke hear 
11 03 Onr Ladle singes magnificat 

With tune surpassinge sweete 
And all the virgiiins bears then- parts 
Siting* sboue her feete 
m 31 Te Deum doth Sant Ambrose sing* 
Saint Augustine dothe the lite 
Outd Simeon and Zacbarle 
Hane not their songee to aeeke 
** 25 There Magdalene hath left her mone 
And cheerefuUte doth singe 
With blessed Saints whose Eannonle 
In everle streete doth rings 
u 36 Hierusalem my happle home 
Would god I were in thee 
Would god toy woes were at en end 
Thy iojes that I might see 
finis finis " 

In 1601 this hymn, abbreviated (o 19 stanzas, 
Was printed in The Song of Mury the Mather of 
Christ ♦ . . . with the Description of Heavmty 
Jerusalem* London: & Allde t 1001. This 
text, being derived from tbe above, is very 
corrupted and incomplete, and variations in 
arrangement and in phrase are numerous. 
These two versions, if tbe latter is not derived 
from the former, must have had one common 
source, and suggest the possibility of an earlier 
and probably printed version of the hymn 
now unknown being the source of both, 

iii W. PricFt hymn on The New Jerusalem. 
This hymn ie contained in :— 

The OUtttt of wtiturgloric -* AUthfaUy tratuHated {out 
of S. Avgyttine his k»ra, irttituted Speculum peecaioris) 
into Engtithty W. P>[rid}, ffoctprqftha Lawxt. Printed 
at London by Jbhn jPittdet dweUina at the signe of the 
white Btare* nigh Baynar&'s Cfcrite 169ft (and ed. lft*3). 

From this hymn or song of 176 lines we 
will quote those stanzasonly which have to do 
with the New Jerusalem hymn. It reads : — » 

"PHAIWK OF Zttflff. 

"10 Mother deare Hiemsalem, 
Jehouas throne on hie i 
Sacred Clttie, Qneene tad Wife, 
Of Christ eternally, 
" 3 My hart doth long to see tby face, 
my soule doth still desire, 
Thy glorious beautle to behold, 
my mind la set on fire- 
"30 comely Qneene in glorle clad, 
In honour and degree : 
Alfalr* thou art exceedEng bright 
no spot there Is in thee. 
*'4 pierttess dame and daughter Jaire 
of lone, without annoy : 
Triumph, for in thy beautfe brine, 
the King doth greatly toy, 
™ 5 Thy port, thy shape, thy stately grace* 
thy fauour falre in deed* i 
Thy pleasant hew and countlnanoe, 
all others doth exceeded 
Stanzas G-12, which follow, are an indifferent 
paraphrase of passages from The Song of 
Solomon* The writer returoato hie subject in 
et 13-18;— 



JEEUSALEM, MY HAPPY 581 

" 13 O then thriae happle should my state 
in hanplnesse remain* j 
If I might once Thy glorious Seate, 
and princely place attaint* 
** 14 And view thy gallant gates tby wall 
thy streetea and dwelllnges wide. 
Thy noble troup of Citizens 
and mightie king beside, 
11 1G Of stones lull precious are thy towres 
tby gates of pearles are tolde* 
There La that Alleluia sung 
in atreates of beaten gold, 
" 16 Thoee stately buildings manifold, 
cm squared stones do rise, 
With Saphyrs deckt, i lofty frames 
enclosed Castlewlse. 
" It Into tbe gates shall-none approche, 
hut honesty pure end cleans : 
No spot, no fifth, no Loathsome thing, 
Shall enter in (I meane). 
" is O mother deare Jerusalem, 
tbe comfort of vs all. 
How swete thou art and dllicate, 
no thing shall thee befall*" 
Stanzas 19-22 are much in common with 
F, B, P/s hymn. Stanzas 23-28 are ;— 

■* 33 He ia the king of kings beset, 
amidst his Seruanta right : 
And they his bapple houshold all] 
do seme him day and night. 
" 24 There, there the quiers of Angels slug, 
there tlie supernaU sort, 
Of citizens (that hence arc rid 
from dangers deepe) do sport, 
11 S5 There be the prudent Prophets all, 
Thappostles six and six ; 
The glorious martirs on n row, 
and Cunfessors betwixt. 
" 2ft There dotli the crew of righteous men, 
and matrons all consist ; 
Yong men k maids that here on earth 
their pleasures did resist* 
" 3f The sheepe tt lambs that hardly scapte, 
The snares of death and hell ; 
Triumph in ioy euerlaatlngly 
whereof no tongue ^n tell. 
3§ And though the glorle of ech one, 
doth differ In degree ; 
Yet is the ioy of all alike, 
and common (aa we see)." 

Stanzas 29-33 continue to borrow from the 
Meditation* of St Augustine. At the close of 
at. 31 the writer takes a freeh departure, and, 
referring to our Blessed Lord, says : — 
*♦ According to his promise made 
(Which here I enter lace) ; " 
and at. 35-3S consist of " enterlaced " texts 
accordingly* Stauiss S9, 40 arc of no special 
note; and the poem concludes with st. 41^44: — - 

" 41 O blessed are the pure In heart, 

their Suueralgnc they shall see ; 
And they most happle hesuenly wights 
that of his houshuld bee, 
Ef 43 Wherefore, O Lord^ dlssolue my bonds. 



ny glues and fetters strung : 
r I have dwelt within the tents 



Fori 

of Cedar oner long. 
" 43 And grant, O God, for Christ his sake. 

that once deuoide of strife ; 
I may thy holy hill attaint, 

to dwell In all my life, 
" 44 IVith Cherublna and Serephfns, 

and holy soules of men ; 
To sing thy praise O Lord of bostes, 

for euer and ener. Amen," 

In his Preface to The Glasse of Vaine Glory*. 
Prid says this is a 

u Song of Sion which I have here translated out of 
3. Augustine's Booke of Prayers, Chap, 34, Into English* 
meeter . . * I have as neare oe I could possibly, followed 
tbe verie wordes of mine Autbour." 

To tiiis point the history is clear. It is cer- 
tain that W. Prid translated diiecfc from the 
work known to us as St. Augustine's Medita*. 
Horn ; and it is highly probable that F. B. P. 
derived his directly frran the same source, or 



682 JERUSALEM, MY HAPPY 

iudireetly through the translation of another. 
It now remains for tib to show how laterwtiten 
have availed themselves of these materials. 

iv. Additional forms of the Hpmn* From 
this point we have a great variety of texts, 
the more important of Which, are as follows ; — 

(1.) The moat noted of these la a broadside of the ISth 
cent-, which wad reprinted by Dr. H. Bonar in his work 
The JTew Jerusalem', a J^nvn 0/ the Olden Time, 1B&2, 
Dr, Bonar attributes this text to David Dickson, a 
Scottish Presbyterian Minister (1563-1*61). It is in 
MB lines, all of which, with the exception of 11. £5-32, 
and 233-23(J, are altered either from F, B. P. of worn 
W. Prid. From the following extract from Robert 
Wodrow's Life of £>♦ tffcfcf&n, 1*26, it la evident in*t 
Wodmw regarded the production as an original poem bj 
Dickson:-^ 

"Some abort poems on pious and serious subjects, 
such as the * Christian Sacrifice/ * O Mothe* dear, Jem- 
salem/ and (on somewhat larger, octavo 164ft), 'True 
Christian Love, 1 to he sung with the common tones of 
the Psalms, . . . ."This is all of his I bare seen to print. 
The opening stanza of this combined version of F, B- P. 
■itfW.FtWLlB:— 

" Mother dear, Jerusalem I 
When shall I come to thee I 
When, shall my sorrows have an end. 

Thy joys, when ehall I see ? 
C happy harbour of God's saints I 

O sweet and pleasant soil 1 
In thee no sorrow may be found 
No grief, no care; no toil." 
The full text is given hi Dr. Bonar* s work as above. 
(110 Contemporary with this broadside in Scotland was 
another in England. It is in the Hawtinsan Collection, 
4to, 066, 1OT, and entitled " The true description of the 
everlasting ioys of Heaven. lb the Tune o/, ' O man 
in desperation.'*' Jt is undated, but "Printed fur F. 
Coles, T, Vere, and J. Wright," who are known to have 
Issued many broadsides, ranging from 165ft to iG?o. 
This" broadside we date from internal evidence, circ, lfifio, 
or a little later. The first six stanzas will be sufficient 
to show that It Is merely F. B. P. more or less Altered, and 
that it contains no trace whatever of W. Prid's version. 
" 1 Jerusalem, my happy home. 
When shall I come to tbee ? 
When shall my sorrows have an end ? 
thy Joys when shall I see P 
" 2 Where happy harbour is of Saint, 
with sweet and pleasant soyl ; 
In thee no sorrow ever found, 
no grief, no care, no toy], 
st 3 In thee no dampish Mists are seen, 
nor cold, nor darksome night : 
In thee all souls for ever slug 
there God always gives light. 
" I JTeaven it the Spring where waters JUm 
to quench our heat of tin 
JVrt is the tree where truth doth grow 
to lead our ttvet thereto* 
" ft There Christ it judge that stints the strife 
when men*' devises fail 
There is the bread that feeds the life 
that death cannot assail 
** 6 The- tidings of salvation dear 

esmet to our earsfrom thence.' 
The fortress of our faith is there 
and shield of our dcfeTKO." 
The last three stanzas (which we have given in italics 
to mark them off from the rest) are the familiar lines 
prefixed In an altered farm to several editions of the 
English Bible In the early part of the 17th cent* and 
beginning :— 

" Here is the spring whence waters flow." 
By a slight alteration in the opening line that and the 
eleven lines which follow are made to set forth the 
beauties and treasures of Holy Scripture instead of those 
ef Heaven. (See p. 1630. ) The concluding lines of the 
poem fix the date at or a short time after the llestoratlon 
of Charles H, (1660}:— 

11 God still preserve'our Royal King, 
Our Queen likewise defend, 
And many h&ppy h Joyful days 
good Lord, unto them send- 
Thus to conclude I end my song 

wishing health, wealth, and peace : 
And all that wish the Commons good, 
good Lord their w js Increase,'*^ 



JERUSALEM, MY HAPPY 

(ill.) In lew William Burkitt, the Expositor, pub. an 
Help and Guide to Chrittian Families. This work is 
m three parts, together witb the addition of 8 Divine 
Hymns ou several Occasion*. The last hymn is as 
follows :— 

" -in Hxxh : a longing for Glory, 
■* 1 Jerusalem 1 my happy Home, 
When shall I come to Tbee? 
When shall my labours have an End ? 
Thy Joys when shall I see ? 
*■ 2 Thy Gates are richly set with Pearl, 
Most glorious to behold ; 
Thy Walls are all of precious Stone, 
Thy Streets are pavM with Oold, 
" 3 Thy Gardens and thy pleasant Fruits 
Continually Are green ; 
There are such sweet and pleasant Flowers 
As ne'er before was seen, 

*■ 4 If heaven be thus glorious 

Lord, why must 1 keep thence? 
What Folly fc't that makes me loth 
To die, and go. from hence ? 

" 6 Beach down, reach down thine Arm of Grace,' 
And cause me to ascend 
Where Congregations ne'er break up, 
And Sabbaths have no End. 
" 6 When wilt thou come to me, Lord \ 
come, my Lord; most dear ; 
Come nearer, nearer,, nearer still ; 
I'm well when thou art near, 
"t My dear Kedeemer is Above, 
Him will 1 go to see, 
And all my Friends in Christ below, 
Shall soon come after me. 
*' 8 Jerusalem ! my happy Home, 
O how I long for^fhee ! 
Then shall my Labours have an End, 
Tb j Joys when once I see* 

Amen, RaUeluiah t 
Come, LOltD JESUS." 
This text Is a cento and is thus composed. St. i + , li.« 
111., YlLL.tare fromF. B. P. somewhat altered. St. Iv., v* 
are from Daniel Burgess's "Hymn on the Sabbath Day," 
beginning, "OGod, Whose glorious majesty, 1 ' where et. 
Li. and iiL read:—' 

"3 If Heaven be the land of peace, 

Lord, why must we keep thence ? 
What folly is't that makes us loth 
To dye and to go hence- 1 ' 
" 3 Reach down, Beach down thine arm of Grace, 
Lord, fit us to ascend 
Where Congregations ne'er break up. 
And Sabbaths have no end.' 1 
Stanza vL of Burkttt's text is from T, Shepherd's 
Penitential Cries t No. 35, st. iv. r 11. 1-4, slightly altered. 
These cVtei, aa Is well known, were begun by J- Mason 
and finished by T. Shepherd, and were pub, with J* 
Mason's Spiritual Bongs, w Songs of Prate, 1693* 
Stanza vU. is from J. Mason's Sp. Songs, 16S3, Ho. M, 
st, viii., M. I-*, which read : — 

" My dearest Friends, they dwell above, 
Them will I go to see i 
And all my Friends in Christ below 
Will soon come after me." 
The text of Burkitt was repeated with slight altera* 
tlons in A Collection of Hymns and Sacred Poems, 
Dublin: Printed by S.[9mud] Pvwcll, in Cntnefone, 
ms, No. 94. In R* Hill's 1194 Supp. to hie ft. £ Hys. 
sbt etanzas were given from Burkitt QiU and vii. being 
omitted); and in 1798 five only, BjirkUt'sst. vML being 
also omitted. In this form the cento has passed Into 
modern collections. 

In tbe American Church Pastorals^ 1864, It Is some- 
what altered T and broken up, without any regard to the 
original sequence of the Etanzas, into the fallowing 



hymns: — (l) "Jerusalem, my happy home"; (3) 
"Jerusalem, Jerusalem, would God, (jc. ; (3) ' ~ 
salem, the happy seat"; (4) "Jehovah, Lotx 
come,Ipray w j (5) "O Lord, that I Jerusalem ' 



j and 
(6) " passing hippy were my state/' 

(Lv>) AnothertransformatlonofF.B. P. 's text appeared 
tn Psalms A Hymns * * . , &# VA S., London^ 1125. It 
is in 40 st. of 4 L and is superior to many arrangements 
of the poem. The following lines are fur specimens of 
the rest :— 

" There David sits with Harp hi Baud 
As Master of the Choir : 
Most happy they who understand, 
And may His Music hear." 



JERUSALEM, MY HAPPY 

(v.) In Williams & Boden's CM. of above Site Bm&re& 
B. daigntd as a -Wew Supplemait In Dr. WWts't J>ioImi 
A Hymns , Doncatter, lsol, the most popular form of the 
hymn 1b found aa No, 193, and reads :— 
'* rs* .HKHienly Jerusalem. 
" 1 Jerusalem ! my hippy home, 
Name ever dear to me ! 
When shall tny labours have an end 
In joy, and peace, and tbee? 
" a When shall these eyes thy heaven.built walls 
And pearly gates behold ; 
Thy bulwarks with salvation strong, 
And streets of shining gold I 
"30 when, thou city or my God, 
Shall I thy courts ascend \ 
Where congregations ne'er break up, 
And Sabbaths have no end P 

• I There happier bow'n than Eaen'B bloom, 

Nor sin nor sorrow know ; 
Blest Seats! thro 1 rude and stornoy scenes 
I onward press to you, 
11 o Why should I shrink at pain tt woe, 
Or feel, at death, dismay i 
I've Canaan's goodly land In view, 
And realms of endless dajt 
" fi Apostles, martyrs, prophets there, 
Around my Saviour stand ; 
And soon my friends in Christ below, 
Will join the glorious band, 

* 7 Jerusalem 1 my happy home, 

My soul still pants fur thee ; 
Then shall my labours have an end. 
When I thy joys shall see," 

Itlsalgned"BcklntonC." In .Pj. £ Bys, for Pub. 
or Priv. Devotion, Sheffield Printed by Janet Mont, 
gtmery At The trie Office, lies, the text is repeated with 
the change In at. It., 1. 1, of .E&n for Baeti'i. The 
>' Ecklnton C" text was repeated in J. Montgomery's 
Christian Pialmitt, 1S25, No. 139. It has gradually 
grown in popular favour, and Is now In C. TJ. in a more 
or less accurate fOrm In all English-speaking countries. 

[The association of James Montgomery's name with 
the "Ecklnton C" text is peculiar and suggestive. 
From If 02 to 1J94 Montgomery lived with and was an 
assistant to Joseph Gales, a printer, bookseller, and 
auctioneer at Sheffield. In VI 94 Montgomery succeeded 
to the printing business, and continued his acquaintance 
with Gales and his family. Galea's parents and three 
suiters resided at Ecklngton (about six miles from 
Sheffield) at the time, and the father and daughters were 
members of the Parish Gburch Choir. Montgomery fre- 
quently visited the family at Ecklngton. Amongst the 
Montgomery MSS. there is a copy of Dickson's version 
of the New Jerusalem hymn which was sent in hb. to 
Montgomery by a Moravian friend with a request that 
lie would rewrite It, or condense It into a suitable hymn 
for public worship. In the us. certain stanzas oorre- 
spondlngto thoas in the "EeklntonC," are marked In 
pencil as stangae which maintained a continuity of 
thought, and a few suggestions are penciled in the 
margin in shorthand. About this timu (11B6-1&S00) n 
small collection of hymns was printed by Montgomery 
for the use of the Ecklngton Parish Church Choir, and 
in tills the text of "Jerusalem, my happy home," 
known as the "Ecklnton C" version, was given. Mr, 
J. 11. Braromall(q. v.) remembers this little pamphlet 
well, bat has lost his copy. Under Ihese ctrcmnebmcea 
It la almost, If not quite, safe to say that the Mckifr- 
ton C. version of " Jerusalem, my happy borne " is by 
Montgomery.] (See 1905 SraeLXHitrr.) 

(vl.) ThlaHstof versions ofthe slew Jerusalem hymn, 
although far from being exhaustive, yet contains all 
that la of value for ascertaining the origin and history of 
the various tests which are in modern hymn-books. We 
may note in addition an American form of the hymn, 
given in Dr. Sonar's work, The .Veto Jerusalem* &c., 
1852, the opening of which is >- 

" O beavenly Jerusalem, 

Thon City of my King j" 
and another In 3 st. In Card. Newman'B ffymnt far the 
Fie of the Birmingham Oratory, Dublin, J. F, Fowler, 
1BS1:— 

"Ofair, fair Jerusalem." 

v. The Initials "F. S. P." Various at- 
tempts hn.ve been made to explain tkeseinitials, 
the principal of which are : — 

(1) Dr. Neale's suggestion In his Eymnt Chiefly Me- 
dtoevoJ on the Jays * Glories of P&raditc, 1966, p. 16, 
Is: "It (the Brit. Mus. M&] contains several other 
pieces of poetry, evidently by Soman Catholics ; one 



JEBVIS, THOMAS 



683 



headed— > Here follower!) the song Mr. Thewlls wrote 
himseUY and another, 'Here followeth the song of the 
death of Mr. Thewlis.' Now John Thewlls was a 
priest, barbarously executed at Manchester, March IB, 
1617. It Is probable therefore, that '!'. B. P,' was an. 
other sufferer(tn all likelihood a priest) in the persecu. 
tion either of Elizabeth, or of James I. 

(3) Again, in the 2nd ed. of the same work, 1866, 
p. 19, Dr. Neale says, "I have since been informed by 
Mr. Daniel Sedgwick, whose knowledge of English 
Hymnology Is as astounding as It is unrivalled, that the 
initials stand for Francis Baker Sorter, a Secular Priest 
for some time imprisoned In tlie Tower, and the author 
of a few short devotional treatises/' 

(3) J. Miller, in bis Singersand, Songs of ike Church, 
18*9, p. SS, aays: "It has been suggested that the 
Initials <F. B. I'.' stand for Francis Baker, 'Pater' 
or priest," 

From an intimate acquaintance with the 
late Daniel Sedgwiok we are in a position to 
state tlint what lie contributed to Dr. Neale 
was "Francis Baker, Pater," and that Dr. 
Neale misread " Pater " as " Porter." J. 
Miller's suggested reading was also from Sedg- 
wick. This reading by Sedgwick was a pure 
guess on his part, and cannot be received. 
The writer, probably a Roman Catholic, and 
possibly a priest, remains unknown. iw.T.B.j 

Jerusalem, tby joys divine. [The 
Heavenly Jerusalem.] This poem, in 27 St. of 
8 1. and headed by 1 st. of £ 1,, appeared, in 
The Song of Mary the Mother of Christ ; con- 
taining the story of its life and passion ; the 
tearee of Christ in the garden; with the de- 
scription of the Heavenly Jerwialem, 1601. 
(See "Jerusalem, wy happy home.") This 
poem was partially reprinted in the Parker 
Society's Select Poetry of the Reign of Queen 
Elizabeth, 1845, p. 427. It is from this poem 
that Kennedy, 1863, "Jerusalem, thy joys 
divine," is compiled, [W, T. B.j » 

JerviB, Thomas, s. of a Presbyterian 
Minister of the same name, was b. at Ipswich 
in 1748, and educated for the Ministry at 
Hoxton. In 1770 he was appointed classical 
and mathematical tutor at tine Exeter Aca- 
demy. From 1772 to 1783 he was tutor to 
the sons of the Earl of Shelburne, at Bowood, 
where Dr. Priestley was librarian. In the 
latter year Jervis succeeded Dr. A. Bees at 
Bt, Thomas's Sonthipnrk, moving in 1796, 
alter the death of Dr. Kippis, to the Princes' 
St, Chapel, Westminster. From 1808 to 1818 
ho was minister at the Mill Hill ChapeL, Leeds. 
After bis retirement he lived in the neighbour- 
hood of London, and d. there in 1883. Jervis 
was one of the four editors of A Coll. of Hys. 
<t Ps. for Public £ Private Worship, London, 
1795. [See Unitarian Hyninocry,] He oontri- ' 
bnted 17 hymns to the 1st ed!, and 4 to its 
Supplement, 1807. Of these several are found 
in biter Unitarian collections in G. Britain 
and America, including :— 

1. God to correct a gnilty world, divine Providence. 

2. Great God, Thine attributes divine. Confidence in 
Cod. 

3. Lordoftbe world's majestic frame. Praise a> Duty, 

4. Shall I forsake that heavenly Friend ? Constancy 
desired, 

fi. Sweet is the friendly voice which [thatj speake. 
jPeoce to the Penitent. 

«. Thou, Lord, in mercy wilt regard. Penitence. 

7. With sacred joy we lift our eyes. IHvine Worship. 
This Is given in Laudee Domini, X.Y., 1384, aa : 
"With joy we lift our eyes." 

These hymns all date from 1795, and the 
most popular are Noa. 4 and fi. [V, D. D.] 



584 JESAIA, DEM FROPHETEN 

JeaaiS, demPropheten, dae gesehab, 

Jtf. Luther, [The Sanctit*.] This paraphrase 
of Isaiah vi. I-*, was 1st pub. is Luther's 
Devdtche Meste und ordming Gottis Vienttt, 
Wittenberg, 1526, repeated in the Erfurt 
G. B., 1527, the GeitiUehe Lieder, Wittenberg, 
1529 and 1531, &c., in 16 1., entitled " The 
German Sanctus." Thence in Wackernagd, 
iii, p. IS. Also in Sehireks's ed. of Luther's 
Geitll. JAe&er, 1854, p. 58, the Vnv. L. $., 1851, 
No. 191, 4c. 

According to the ritual directions of tits Deu&tcJteXeste, 
in the Holy Communion the Bread was first consecrated 
and received by the communicants, and then this 
SaiKtut, or else Luther's " Gott eel gelohet," or "Jesus 
Gbrt*tus uneer Helland " (from Hubs) was Bung. The 
Wine was then consecrated nod received (see matter fiir 
Bfymmlogie, 18B3, p. 89). 

Translation in C, U. : — 

TFnto the seer Isaiah it mi given, By A. T. 
Russell, for his i>s. # 7/js., 1851, No. 13.- 

Other fas. are, CO" We lead that to Isaiah it befel," 
try Mill JVjf, IMS, p. 139. (?) " To Isaiah the ancient 
aeer," by J. An&trttm, 184©, p. 83. In his ed., 1847, p. 
S3, It begins, "Isaiah once, that prophet old." (3) "The 
rapt Isaiah saw the glorious <hie, by ft-, J. ITunt, 
18S3, p. 195. (4) "Isaiah, filled with deep prophetic 
awe," by Hr. W. M. Reynolds, in the Evana. J&uiew, 
Gettysburg, Oct. 1853. (9) "These things the Seer 
Isaiah did bersll," by B, Miitie, 18W, p. K6, repeated In 
ih-. Katun, 1884, p. so. (6) " To Isaiah, the prophet, 
this was given," by Dr. G, Macdonald, in the Sunday 
Mhgaiint, 1SST, p. BU. In hie Exotics, me, p. Ill, ft 
begins, " Unto the seer Isaiah it waa given." [J. JI.] 

Jesu, accept the grateful aonga, 
C, Wesley, [Jesns All in All.] Pub. iu Hyt. 
$ Sae. Poems, 1749, in 22 at. of 4 I., and 
headed " Aftot Preaching in Church " (J'. 
Works, 1868-72, vol. v. 110). From this one 
of the most popular centos in use by the Me- 
thodist bodies was given in ilie Wet. H. Bk., 
1780, No. 36,*as "Jeans the Name, high over 
all." It is composed of St. is., x., xii., xiii., 
xviii. and xxii. This cento, with the omission 
of its st. i. and iv. was given as " Jesus, the 
Name to shiners dear," in Br. Alexander's 
Augustine H. BJc., 1849 and 1865. G. J. 
Stevenson's note on the ires. H. Bk. cento in 
his Meth. H. Bk. Notet, 1883, p. 45, is long 
and interesting. The lost stanza : — 
" Happy, if with my latest breath, 

I may but gasp His ?4anic ; 
Preach Him to all, and cry in death, 

1 Behold, behold the Ijaxnb,' " 

hits bad a special charm for many Ministers 
of the Gospel, Several instances are given by 
Stevenson as above. [J. J.] 

Jesu, at Whose supreme command. 
C. Wetley. [Hdy Communion.] Pub. in Hys. 
■ & Sue. Poemt, 1742, ami again iu the Hyt. 
for the LoriVe Supper, 1745, No. 30, in 8 st, 
of 4 1. (i\ Work*, 1868-72, vol, iii. p. 237), 
With slight alterations it was included in the 
Wet. H. Bk., as one of the "Additional 
Hymns," in 1800. It has passed into several 
collections in G. Britain and America. In 
addition two forms of the text are in C. U. : — 
1. Blest Jetu, to Thy gracious Board. This form, 
opening with st. 11. slightly altered, was given In the 
Solitbury H. Bk., IBM, and Is repeated in jotber hymnals. 



8, Jesu, by Thy supreme command. Thlstextln the 
Mymtmry, 1B72, Is Wesley's veiy much altered, together 
with the omission or st. ill., and the addition of a dox- 
ology. [J. J,] 

Jeeu Corona oelsior. [Common of Con- 
jetton.] This liymn is cited by Morel, p.'179, 
&B in a 11th cent. MS. at Einsiedeln. It is 



JEBU-WRONA VIBGINUM 

also in a ms, of, at the latest, 1415, in the 
British Museum (Add. 30014 f. 167 6), in the 
St. Gall us., No 526, of the 15th cent, in 
the Soman Breviary (Venice, 1478), the 
Ambrotian Breviary, 1539, Ac. Daniel, i., 
No. 98, gives the older text and also the re- 
vised form in the Roman Breviary of 1G32, 
'' For Feasts of a Confessor not a Bishop." 
Mone, No. 747, gives only .Rawer* st iii.-viii., 
beginning "Anni recurso tempore," from a. 
15th cent. MB. at Karlsruhe. He thinks that 
its metrical form proves it to have been com- 
posed in France in the 11th cent. The 
Moman Brev. text, 1632, is in Card.Nowman's 
Hymni Ecclesiae, 1833 and 1865. [J. M.] 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Jesua, eternal Truth sublime. By E. Csswall. 
Pub. in ids Lyra Calhalka, 1849, p. 219, in 8 st, 
of 4 1., and again in his Hys. $ Poems, 1873, 
p. 115. It is found in a few collections, in- 
cluding Skinner's Daily Service Hymnal, 1864, 
&c.i and the Marquess of Bute's Soman Brtviary 
in Ewjlish, 1879, vol. i. p. 861. 

Traiulatioria not in 0. TJ. ; — 

l. Jesu, than crown of Kings art Thou. W. J. £tev, 
1853-6. 

z. Jesus, surpsesing happiness. J. Watlaa, IS14. 

[J. J-] 

Jeeu Corona Virginum, [Common of 
Virgin*.] This beautiful hymn, founded on 
Cantinles iL 16, Isaiah xxviiL 5, and Eev. xir. 
4, has been ascribed to St. Ambrose, but 
is not adjudged to him by the Benedictine 
Editors. Thomatiut, ii. 402, gives it from a 
Vatican Ms. of the 8th cent. It is found in 
fourhymnaries of the 11th cent, in the KWiisJi 
Muaeum (Vesp. D. xii. f. Ill b ; Jul. A. vi. f. 
68; Hail. 2961, f. 250; Add. 30851, f. 155), 
and in ttie Lat. Hyt. of the Anglo-Saxon Ch., 
1851, p. 140, is printed from an 11th cent. 
ms. at Durham. (B. iii. 32 f. 41.) Itisalsoin 
3 mss, of the 11th cent, at St. Gall (Nos. 387, 
413, 414). Among Breviaries it is included in 
the Soman (Venice, 1478), Ambrotian of 1539, 
Stirum, York, Aberdeen, &c the Sarum use 
being at Lauds and Second Vespers on the 
festivals of Virgins and Martyrs. Daniel, i., 
No. 99, gives the text, and at iv. pp. U0, 368, 
cites it as in a 10th cent. Bhoinau us., and in 
a 9th cent. MS. at Bern. The Soman Brev. 
text is also in Card. Newman's Hymni Eccle- 
tiae, 18B8 and 1865. [J. M.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Thau 0»wn of all the Viigia ehoir. By 
E. Caswall. Fub. in his Ijyra Catholica, 1849, 
p. 221 ; and again in his Hys, $ Poems, 1873, 
p. 116, but altered to " Dear Crown of all the 
Virgin choir." The original tr. is given in 
Roman Catholic hymn-hooks for missions and 
schools. It is also in other collections. 

£. Jean, the Virgin's Crown, do Thou. By 
J. M. Mealo in the 1854 ed, of the H. Noted. 
The most popular form of this tr. is its altered 
text by the compilers of H. A. fy if., 1861 
and 1875. it begins with the same first line, 
and is in several collections. 

8. Jesu, Crown of Virgina, 'Whom. By R. F. 
Littledale. Made for and 1st pub. in the 
People's H,, 1867, and signed D. L. 

4, Jean, Drown of Virgins, Thou. This in 
the Hymnary, 1872, is Dr. Nettle's tr. as above, 
altered by the Editors of the Hymnary, 



JESU DUNE T1EPE 

Ttualatliu net in C. TT. t— 
1. Jet™, naive om suppliant cry. J. B. Butt, ISIS. 
a, Jem the Crown, ami aweet Beward. it. OaatpbeM, 
ISM. 

5. Jem, the Virgina' coronal. W. J. Blot, 1WS-S. 
4. Jem, tie VlrgnVa Crown. In love, *c J. W. 

Bevxtt, 18B8. 

6. Jean, the Grown of Virgins, Whom. J. D. Oxtm- 
Sent, 18BB. 

6, Jeans, the Yirgin'a crown, thetr spouse. J. WaU 
Urn, HI*. [J. J.] 

Jesu deine tiefe Wanden. J. Seer- 
mann. rPaaiionffth.] let pub. in his Deturii 
Jftuica Cordit, Leipzig and Bre&lau, 1644, 
p. 174, in 6 st. of 8 L, entitled " Consolation 
from the wounds of Jeans in all manner of 
temptation. From the Manual of St Augus- 
tine." The MtmuaU is a medissral compila- 
tion from various sources, and meditation 
xxii, on which the hymn is based, is adapted 
from the work of St. Bernard of Clairvanx cm 
Canticle*. Included in MSiteU, 1858, No. 
106, in Wackernagel's ed. of his Ge»*tltefie 
Lieder, No. 59, and the Vwe. L. &, 1851. 

It la one of the flneit of Hermann's hymns, and la 
much need in Germany. Count N. L. von Ziniendorf 
■aid of It, " The crown of (11 our old hymns is In truth 
Augustine's * Jesu deine tlefe Wunden/ln which la con- 
tained oar whole doctrine and practice. Latumann 
nays (In JTocA, viii. 31), that at. l.-iii. were often naed by 
young men and maidens as their dally prayer against 
this world'a temptations. He also relates how the aiae> 
tng of this hymn comforted the well-known wnrttem- 
berg theologian FhtUpp Eavid Burk In hla last hours 
(March 3% mfl. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Lerdt Thy death and pasalen gdv«. A good 
and full tr. by Miss Wiukworth in her Lyra 
Qer., 1st Ser., 1855, p. 73; repeated, omitting 
st. ii., iii., in the Pennsylvanian Lutb. Ch, Bk,, 
1868, No. 177. St. v., vi., beginning, " Lord, in 
Thee I place my trust," are included, altered, 
in the Hyt. of the Spirit, Boston, U.S.A., 1864, 
and American Unitarian Hymn Bk., 1869. 

I, Oh, what preolon* hadm and healing. A good 
and fall tr. by R. Massie, contributed to the 
1857 ed. of Mercer's C. P. # H. Bk., No. 87 
(Ox. ed., 1864, omitted), and reprinted in hie 
own Lyra Domestica, 1884, p. 125. 

-Another tr. fe, " Christ, thy holy IVonnds and Pas- 
aion" (from the altered text In the Hannover G. B. t 
liav [ISM, No. ei, by Justus Ceaentaa i], which begins 
"Jean deine beilge WuDnen"),by J. C. JacoM, ma, 
p. 14. In hla ed. HW, p. «, it begins "Christ, thy 
sacred wounds," thence in the Moravian H. B*„ and 
repeated In the DM and lateT eda. («*», No. 101), al- 
tered and beginning, "Christ, Thy wounda and bitter 
pasalon." In the ed. of IBS*. No. 123S, only the tr. of 
st. v. la retained, beginning, "Ail my hope and consola- 
tion." [J. M.] 

Jesu, dulols amor mens. [PatHontide.'] 
This hymn is almost entirely composed of 
separate lines transposed and in some instances 
altered from St. Bernard's "Salve mundi 
salutare " (q. v.). It is the hymn at Lauds in 
the Office of the " Most Holy "Winding Sheet 
of our Lord Jeans Christ ; double of the First 
Class." This office has been added to the 
Soman Breviary since 1736, and is appointed 
for the Saturday after the 2nd S. in Lent 
The text is found in the Appendix to the 
Pars Verna of the Roman Breviary, Bologna, 
1827, p, oclxxviii., and is repeated in later 
eda. and in Daniel, iv. p. 323. Tr. as : — 

Jean, as though Thyaelf wert hare. By E. 
Csswall. Pab. in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, 
p. 82 ; and again in his Byi. # Poems, 1873, 
p. 46, It is found in several hymn-books, and 
often with the omisaion of st. U. Another tr. is 



JESU DULCIB MEMOBIA 585 



u Jeeua, sweeteat love of mine." 
1874. 



/. Wallace, 
[J.M.] 



Jesu dnloifi memotk SL Bernard. 
[The Holy Name of Jetus.] This hymn hag 
been generally (and there seems little reason 
to doubt correctly) ascribed to St Bernard ; 
and there are many parallels to it in bit 
genuine prose works, especially lhat on the 
Canticles. It has been variously dated. 1130, 
1140 or 1153 ; but as positive proof is lacking 
that it is unquestionably the work of St Ber- 
nard it is manifestly impossible to fix. a date 
for its composition. The years 1130 and 1140 
were very stormy tunes indeed with him, and 
have nothing in common with the hymn. [See 
Bernard of Olalnaax, p. 136, i.] Possibly it was 
written shortly after the Second Crusade 
which he preached (1146), and for the diss 
aster of which he was blamed. The most 
probable moment of his life would then be 
about 1150, when he was residing in retirement 
and was weary with the world. Dr. Bchaff in 
his Christ in gang justly styles the hymn as 
" the eweetest and most evangelical . . . hymn 
of the Middle Ages." It is the finest and most 
characteristic specimen of St. Bernard's "sub- 
jective loveliness," and in its honied sweetness 
vindicates his title of Doctor meUytmis. It is, 
however, open to the charge of eddying round 
its subject, so that Abp. Trench says of it: 
" With all the beauty of the stanzas in parti- 
cular, the composition, as a whole, lies under 
the defect ot a certain monotony and want of 

5 ingress." It is best known as the Joyful (or 
uWIee) Rhythm of St. Bernard on the Name 
of Jesus; but sometimes by the title of In 
eommemoratumem dominteae pateionit. The 
title Cwm de aettrna tnpienlia was probably 
suggested by Ecclesiasticus xxiv. (especially 
vv, 20, 21 ; see Dr. Edersheim in the Speaker* 
Commentary on tlte '' Apocrypha ") ; the Eter- 
nal Wisdom being Our Lord Jesus Christ. 

I. MS. forms of the TttU. 

The cariiest form of the text now known (and 
it may be added the best, and most probably 
the original) is contained in a vs. of the end of 
the 12th cent., now in the Bodleian, Oxford 
Laud SlUc. 668 f. 101), in 42 st. of 4 1. The 
first lines of these stanzas are : — 



1. Dolcls Jesu menwria, 
1. Nil canltui suaviua. 
a. Jesus spea poenitentl- 
bus. 

4. Jesu dulcedo coidium. 
fi. Neo lingua, potest dt- 

ceie. 
s. Jesum quaeram In lee* 

tnlo. 
1. Cttnk Harla dllnculo. 

5. Tnmb&nk profnndam 

fietlbua. 
S. Jean Bex admlnbilta. 

10. hlane uoblscnm Do- 

mine. 

11, Amor Jean dnlcLs&itnus 
W, Jeanni Cbriatum recog- 

noaclte. 
13. Jesn anotor clementlae 
U. Com dlgne loo^ul ne- 

queam. 
is. Tna. Jeen diLectio. 
IS. Qni te guatant. ean* 

rlnnt. 
1*. Quem tnus amor ebriat. 
18. Jesu deens angellcnm. 
IS. Dwidero te mlllies. 
30. Amor tnus Dontlnnna. 
11. Jeausunnnabealguitaa 



M. Bonnm milil dlllgere. 
7Z. Jean ml dilectissima. 
a*. Onocanque loco fuero. 
zs. Tnnc amplexua, tone 

oscala. 
IS. Jam L qnod qtueslvl 

video. 
IT. Blcamorardetdulciter. 
ZS. Hie amor mlasus coeil- 

Cua. 
M. beatum Incendium. 

30. Jesus cum sic diligitur. 

31. Jesu floanutrts Virginia. 

32. J(«n sole aerenlor, 
S3. Cujus amor aic amclt. 
St. Tu mentis delectatlo. 
3D. Ml dllecte revertere, 
3S. Sequor quocumnne 

lerla. 
ST. Portus vestraa attollite. 

38. Rex vlrtntam, rex 

glortae, 

39. Tk coell chorus praedi- 

cat. 

40. Jean In pace tmperat. 

41. Jeans ad Patrem redilt. 
43, Jam proeequamur lau> 

dlbua. 



58& JESU DULCIS MEM0B1A 

Practically the same form is found in a 
13th oent ms. in the Bodleian (Rawlineon, C, 
510 f. 3 6 ; also beginning ZhdcU Jem) ; and 
in a ms. of 1288 at Einsiedeln. Tlie text of 
the Einsiedeln ms. is printed by jlforel. No. 109, 
the only important difference being that tins 
MS. does not contain stanza 39. The hymn is 
also found in a ms. of the 15th cent, in the 
Bihl. Nat., Paris (Fowls itatiens, 559 f. 106. 
This ms. contains the poems of Jacobus de 
BenedictU, otherwise called Jacopono or Gia- 
copone da Todi), in 43 st From a collation 
kindly supplied by M. Leopold Delisle, the 
chief librarian, it appears that in this MS. 
stanza 27 is omitted and two stanzas added, 
viz. : 
43. Jesu strlngam vestigia. [ 44. Yen!, Tent, Rex optima. 

A us. of the 15th cent, at Mainz (see Mone, 
L p. 332) contains in all 50 st, vis. 1-12, 44 
as above, and ; — 

47. Hie amantem diHgits. 

48. Jesu mi bone, sentUm. 

49. Tuverae lumen patriae 



AG. Cor nostrum qnondo 

visltas. 
45. Hoc probat ejus paselo. 



together with the two following :-— 

&1. Hie amor est suivltas 
Et pietas et caatitas, 
Ktaanctitaset purUasi 
Nam Deue est et chari- 
tas. 



fiO. Tuum duloorem sltlo, 
Qua solo me reGclo, 
In me qnla dericio, 
Ad te, Jean, resplcio. 



Among the St Oall mss. the hymn is found 
in No. 1394, in a hand of 13th cent. ; in No. 
519 eir. 1439, and No. 520 ofl43G._ Herr Idten- 
son, the librarian, has kindly informed me 
that these three mss. all contain st. 39 ; but 
that of the stanzas numbered 43-51 not one is 
found in No. 1394, and in Nosl 519, 520, only 
stanza 48. The variations of text are exceed- 
ingly numerous and very bewildering. The 
uss., moreover, not only disagree as to the 
order of the stanzas, but often as to the order of 
lines (and of words) in the individual stanzas. 
As in the four earliest mss. none of the stanzas 
43-51 are to bo found (one, viz. st. 48, is in 
Mone' a Frankfurt MS. of the 14th cent. ; the 
rest have not been traced earlier than the 
15th cent.) it is hardly likely tliat they are by 
St. Bernard ; and st. 44 has not the quadruple 
rhyme. These stanzas are quite unnecessary 
to the hymn and break its course ; though in 
themselves some of them are not at all un- 
worthy of St Bernard. 

II. Printed forrto of the Text 

A form iu 48 stanzas (viz. 1-42, 44-49) is 
found in the Benedictine ed. of St. Bernard's 
Opera, Paris, 1719, and later editions. Daniel, 
i., No. 206, gives it iu 48 st. (from Bernard's 
Opera, Paris, 1690, G-. Fabricius's Poetarum 
vet. eeclet. opera Christiana, Basel, 1564, and 
other sources), viz. st. 1-42, 44-49, adding in 
his notes st, 43 from Fabricius, and the read- 
ings of the Soman Breviary, 1722 ; while at 
iv. pp. 211-217 he gives further notes princi- 
pally from Mone. [For order of stanzas see 
below, St. 87 here begins " Cocli cives occur- 
rite" (1.2), and st. 49 "TufonsmisericoTdise" 
(I. 2),] The Laud us. (see above) affords a 
much better test than that which Daniel 
gives, and it is hoped will not escape the 
notice of future editors of Latin hymns. Mone, 
No. 258, prints 24 st with a doxology (" Ae- 
torna sapientia," &c.) from a 14th cent. ms. at 
Frunkfurt-am-Main (where the stanzas are in 
order 1, 2, 3, 9, 5, 20, 11, 18, 48, 15, 16, 19, 



JESU DULCIS MKMOKIA 

21-26. 32. 34, 13, 40, 39, 41); and ako gives 

the readings of a 15th cent. ms. at Mainz (see 
above). Waekernagel, i., No. 183, «ives SO 
st. from Bernard's Opera, 1719, and Fabrlciut, 
1564, Tlie full text is also in J. M. Horst's 
Paradisus atiimae Chrietianae, 1644, and later 
editions. Centos will he found in Abp. Trench's 
Sac. Lai. Poetry, 1864 (15 st) ; F. A. March's 
Latin Bye., 1875 (24 st,); Kijnigsfeld, 1847 
(list); Battler. 1858 (11 at), and others, 

III. Bitital tuse of tie Rhythm. 

The length of tUe hymn and the fact that 
it was not specially appropriate for any of the 
usual offices of the Church made its use for 
some time limited. In the Frankfurt ms., 
employed by Mone, of the 24 at. selected three 
are apportioned to each of the eight canonical 
hours of the day ; and Fabricim arranges the 
47 st. of his text according to a similar plan. 

The text of Mont is the arrangement made by Heln- 
rlcta Sueo, otherwise called St. Amandus or Heimicb 
von Berg [b. at Constant, March 21, 1300, became a 
Dominican 1318, d. in the Dominican convent at Ulm, 
Jan, 25, 1365], who was one of the Mediaeval Mystics, 
and » member of the society of The Friends of God. 
along with Tauler (q.v.) and others. In his youth he 
bad taken the Everlasting Wisdom depicted in the 
Salomonic Books as the object of his love, and in his 
later years founded a Brotherhood of the Everlasting 
Wisdom. For this brotherhood he compiled hia floro- 
logium NpietUvte, or Home de atternn aapientia. la 
a us. of the 14th cent, written Id Germany and now In 
tha Brit. Mat. (AM. 1331S, f. 141 b) it la marked as 
" Qalcunque desiderat Bapientiarn aeternam famlllarem 
slbi aponsam habere, debet el haa boraB cottldie de- 
vote legere." In the printed ed. which the British 
Museum catalogue dates Venice, 14112, it Is marked 
as "InclpJt cursus eeu ofneium de eterna sapientia 
composltum a beato Henrlcho Suae ordinla praedicato- 
rum." Of this office (meant, -aa will be seen, for 
dally use by the Brotherltood) there Is a U: which the 
British Museum catalogues dates IXtuay, 1*80, and which 
ia entitled " Certayne sweete Prayera of the glorious 
name of Jesus, commonly called Jesus Mattens, with 
the bowers thereto belonging : written in latin above 
two hundred yeres ago, by H. Susoune. q This contains 
a series of trt. from St. Bernard which are earlier than 
any noted below, hut are very poor. The brst begins, 
" Jesu meeke, y* awetcst tliought." 

The form in_50 st. seems to have been used as 
a Bosary, being arranged in five decades and 
answering to the 50 Ave Mariat of the Botary. 
When a separate office of the Holy Name of 
Jesus came into general use, apparently about 
1500, centos from this poem were embodied in 
it Bach an office appears to have been 
added to the Santm Breviary about 1495 (cer- 
tainly in the Paris ed. 1499), and contains two 
centos, (i.) H Jesu dulcis memoria," for Matins, 
and (ii.) " Jesu, auctor clementiae." for Lauds ; 
and the same centos are in the Hereford Brev., 
1505 ; the Aberdeen Brev., 1509-10; and the 
York Brev., 1526 (not in the York Brev., 1493). 
In the regular Soman Breviary the hymn does 
not appear iu any form till tlie revision of 
1 568 ; and then only in the patchwork noted 
under " Lux alma, Jesu, meutium," and ap- 
pointed for the festival of the Transfiguration. 
An office of the Holy Name seems to have 
been authorised for use in the Franciscan 
Order by Clement VII. (Pope 1523-34), but 
was not authorised for general use before 1721, 
and by decree of Dec. 20, 1722, was ranked as 
a double of the second class. It appears in 
the Antwerp, 1733, and later eds. of tlie 
Soman Breviary, and includes three centos, 
(i.) " Jesu dulcis memoria," for Vespers ; (ii.) 
" Jesu, Rex admirabilis," for Matins ; (iit.) 
"Jesu deems nngelicum," for Lauds. Intb* 



fflSC DULCtS MEMOMA 

Parit Breviary of 1680, a cento beginning 
"Jean dulcedo cordium" is appointed for 
Lauds on the festival of the Transfiguration. 

[J.M.] 

IV. Tra>ulat(ons into English. 

After giving an account of the full tr*. of 
the poem, we purpose dealing only with those 
centos which have been tr. into English, and 
most of which are in G. IT. at the present 
time. As in annotating the tn. we follow the 
text of Daniel (which is itself the Benedictine 
text}, a comparative table is here given to 
serve as a chart. The columns headed D re- 

CHnt the stanzas in the order in which 
(el gives them ; and the columns headed 
H (he order la which the corresponding stanzas 
are given in Section I. of this article. 



D. 


M. 


s. 


». 


I>. 


11. 


D. 


M. 


1. 


1. 


IS. 


xlvl. 


M. 


Xrf. 


31. 


xxxli. 


a. 


11. 


11. 


xil. 


M. 


xxli. 


39, 


xxxiil. 


a. 


111. 


IS. 


xlvii. 


31. 


xxiH.. 


39. 


xnlv. 


4. 


iv. 


IS. 


xlll. 


as. 


xxlv. 


40. 


XXXV. 


s. 


v. 


I). 


xiv. 


39. 


XXV. 


41. 


xxivi. 


«. 


vl. 


18. 


Xlviii. 


30. 


IXTi, 


43. 


xxxvil. 


i. 


vii. 


39, 


XV. 


31. 


XXX. 


43. 


xxiTiii. 


». 


VllL 


W. 


IVi. 


31. 


xxvil. 


44. 


xllx. 


». 


lx. 


31. 


xvll. 


33. 


xxviii* 


4 a. 


xxxtx. 


19. 


X. 


S 2. 


xvlii. 


34. 


xxbe. 


«. 


xl. 


n. 


xlv. 


sa. 


six. 


31. 


XXSi. 


4T. 


HI. 


u. 


XL 


«. 


XX. 


38. 


xliv. 


48. 


xlu. 



V. Tranilatum of the Full Form. 

1. A full tr. was given by E. Caswall in his 
Masque of Mary, 1858, and again in his Hys. 
£ Poems, 1873, p. 139. In this he repeated 
several stanzas of his earlier tr. from the Soman 
Breviary (see below), including four of the five 
stanzas which compose the Vesper hymn. This 
tr. has been broken up into the following centos : 

(1.) Jesu dalcis memorise: Jem, the very thonght 
of Thee. Usually the tr. of the Soman Brev. 
text is followed here. 

(ii.) Jem Bex admirabflis = Jem, Xing nnt 
wsnderfuL This is generally given from the tr. 
of the Soman Bret, text {see below). It is 
distinguished from that by Bt. ii., " Stay with 
us, Lord ; and with Thy light." 

(ili) Amor Jems duleUitnuu^ Jem, Thy mercies 
ue untold. Composed of st. xii., iiii., xv., vii. 
in K A. $ M., 1875. 

(iv.) J*su deeus angelieum=0 Jem, Then the 
beauty art. This is usually taken from the 
Soman Brev. text (see below). It is distinguished 
from tbis by st. ii., *' For Thee I yearn, for Thee 
I sigh." 

2, In the tr. of J. M. Horst's Pai-adise of the 
Christian Soul, edited by Dr. E. B. Pusey in 
1347, The Mhytkm ie tr. in five decades of varying 
metre, thus i— ~ 

(L) Jem, dolus memeda = Jess, who dMt true 
Joys input. 

(it.) Sana nobimmm, Bomine = Stay with us, 
Lord, sad lift Thy gracious light. 

(iii.) Qui Te gustaut esuriunt = They who of 
Thee have tasted hunter mare. 

(Iv.) Jam quod ausuni video = How what I 
sought do I bohedd, 

(v.) Tu mentis deleotatie = Thou art the mind's 
delight. 

This tr. Is not in C. U, It is vigorous and 
musical, and from it some excellent centos might 
be compiled. The tr. used in the tr. of The 
Paradise of the Christian Soul, pub. by Burns, 



JEStJ DUL&S MEttOMA 587 

1850, is E. Caswall's as above, divided into 
five decades. 

1. Jam, how sweet these aeoants are. By V?. 
J. Copeland, in his Hys. for the Week, &c, 1848, 
p. 137, reduced to 30 st, of 4 1. In Darling's 
Hymns, &c, 1887, the following hymns are said 
to be based on this tr. ; but tbey have so little 
in common either with Copeland's tr. or St. 
Bernard's original that Mr. Darling may claim 
them as his own. The most that can be said is 
that they were suggested by Copeland's tr. : — 

(1.) Lord Jesus, since the faith of Thee. 

( 2.) To Thee, O Christ, our thoughts aspire. 

(3.) What name so full of melody ? 

4. Jam, name of sweetest thought. By Dr. 
Edersheim, in his The Jubilee Shylhm of St. 
Bernard of Gairmuz, &c, 1867. This is a 
very spirited and musical tr,, and from it some 
five or six centos of great excellence might be 
compiled. It has been strangely overlooked. 
It is in 48 st. of 4 L 

«. Jem, remembrance passing sweet. By T. G. 
Crippen, in bis Ancient Hys. 4 Poems, 1868, 
p. 163, in 48 st. of 4 ). 

6. O Jems, Thy sweet memory. By Mrs. 
Charles in her Voics of Christian Life in Song, 
1858, in 19 st. of 4 1. This tr. is rarely quoted 
in the collections. 

VI. Translations front tf« Sarum Use*. 

Li tbe Sarum Breviary there are two centos, 
and in the Sarum Gradual one, all of which 
have been rendered into English as follows : — 

(1.) Jem dulcls memeria. This is appointed 
for Matins on the Festival of the Holy Name 
in the Sarum Brev., 1499, and is composed of 
the following stanzas : 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 10, as above. 
This has been tr. as : — 

1. Jesa, the very thought is sweet. By J. M. 
Nesle, in the H. Noted, 1852, No. 18, with 
added doxology. This tr. may be distinguished 
from Stale's tr. from the Sarum Gradual (below) 
through st iv,, which rends here " No tongue of 
mortal can express." This tr. is found in a 
large number of hymn-books in G. Britain and 
America, the text, slightly altered, as in //. A. 
fy Jtfl, being the most popular. In the Salisbury 
H, St., 1857, it begins " Jesu! memorial name 
so sweet ; " and iu the Sarum 3^ 1868, " Jesu, 
sweet memories of Thy Name." 

t, Jesu, how sweet Thy mamory WltMn my, Arc 
By W. J. Blew, iu his Church By. and Tune Bk^ 
1853-55. 

3, Jesu, bow sweet Thy memory is J To every 
heart, &c. By J. D. Chambers, in his Zauda 
Syen, 1857, p. 244. 

(ii.) Jesus, auotar dementia*. In the Sditim 
Brev., 1499, this is the hymn for Lauds at tbe 
Festival of the Holy Name. It consists of 
st. 13, 22, 35, 37, 25,43, 45, and an additional 
stanza. 2k as { — 

1. Jesu, 'Well-spring of all mercy. By Vf. J. 
Blew, in his Church ffy. and Tone Bk., 1852-55, 
and again in Rice's Set, from the same, 1870. 

8. Jesu, Thou Totrat of mercy, hail. By J* D. 
Chambers, in his Landa Syon, 1857, p. 245, and 
again in the My mner, 1882, somewhat freely 
altered as "Jesu, of mercy Source alone." 

(ill.) Jesu dulois Dinrii, This longer extract 
from the poem appears in the Sarum Gradual, 
1532, as a Sequence (commonly called the Rosy 
Sequence) for the Festival of the Holy Name, 
It consists of st, 1-7, 47,48, It is tr. as: — 



588 JESU DULCIS MBMOEIA 

Jesu, the very theught If sweet. By J. H. 
Reale, in the K. Noted, 1854, No. 72, and a few 
other collections, including the People's H., 1867. 
It is distinguished from Neales tr. above by 
st. iv., which begins " Jesu, Thou sweetness pare 
and Hast," which is also the opening of No. 1474 
in Kennedy, 1863, and others. In the Sarim* 
Hyl, 1868, No, 67, Pt. i. is composed of st. i.-v. 
from this tr., and st, vi.-viii. from the tr, shove, 
i. 1, also by Dr. Neale, and in both instances 
slightly altered j and Ft, ii. from this tr. being 
sL viii., vi., vii. and ix., also altered. 

VII. Translations from Qie Soman Use. 

In the Soman Breviary, 1722, three centos 
were given for the 2nd 8. after the Epiphany, 
being the Festival of the Holy Karae of Jesus, 
as follows : — 

(1.) Jnu duleis mtoeoria. This is appointed 
for Vespers, and is composed of st. 1, 2, 3, 5, 
and an added St., "Sis Jesu nostrum gaudium." 
Tr. as :— 

1, Jesu, the very theught ef Thee. By E, 
Caswal), iu his Lyra Catholioa, 1849, p. 56 ; and 
again in his Hys. & Poems, 1873, p. 31. This 
tr. is the most widely used of any made from 
The Rhythm, and is usually given unaltered, 
except at times n slight change in St. iv. In 
Kennedy, 1863, it is Blightly altered, and St. iii., 
11. 5-8, are added from Cnswall's tr. of u Jesu, 
Bex admirabilis." 

S. Bweet and with enjeynwat fraught. By Bp. 
Maut in his Ancient Eye., &c, 1837, p. 50 (1871 
ed., p. 00). 

Other tn, an : — 

1. Thy sweet remembrance, Lord, imrarts. B. 
Oxmfbdl. 1SS0. 

a, O'Jesu dear, how sweet Thou art. F. S, Pierpoint 
ia 2nd ed. Lyra EiKharislic&, 1664, 

3. The memory sweet of Jesus' Name. J. D. Aylward 
in Shipley's Amnu Stmctut, 1SU, p. 4a. 

(it.) Jesu, Bex admirabilis. This is appointed 
for .Matins at the same Festival, and is composed 
of st. 9, 11, 4, 14, and the added stanza, "Te 
nostra Jesn vox sonet." Tr. as :— 

I, Jesu, Else mutt wonderful, By E. Caswal!, 
in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 57 ; and his Hys. 
tf Poem*, 1873, p. 32. This tr. is widely used. 

Ot&er t». an : — 

1. O Jeau, Klngof Saints adored. Bp. Kant. 1837. 

£, Jesu, King o'er all adored. Ji. CtompbeU. 1850, 

3. Jesu, the King all wouderf ill. W.J.Bltw. 1SK2-S5, 

"4. O Jesu, Lard, most mighty King. J. D. Aylward, 
in Shipley's Annus Swntut, las*, p. 46. 

(iii.) Jesu, iwus aogelieum. This is appointed 
for Lands in the same Festival, and is composed 
of st. 22, 20, 27, 10, 35. 2V. as :— • 

1. Jean, Then the beauty art. By E. Caswall, 
in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 58 ; and his Hys. $ 
Poems, 1873, p. 33. This also is in extensive use. 

Z. Jean, highest heaven's: oompleteuii. By It, 
Campbell, iu his Hys. fy Anthems, 1850, p, 17, 
and in the People's H., 1867. 

3. Onwn ef the angels, Thy eweet XTame, By 
J. D. Aylward, in O. Shipley's Annus Sanctus, 
1884, p. 46. 

VIII, Translations from the Porta Use. 

In tiie Ports Breviary, 1736, the hymn for 
Lauds for the Festival of the Transfiguration 
is:— 

Jesu dnloede eordiani. This is composed of st. 4, 
10, 1 1, 18, 21, 44, of The Rhythm, and is tr. as :— 

1. Jen, the heart's ewn Sweetnese and true 
Light. Br I. Williams, in his Hys. tr, from the 
Parisian Breviary, 1839. 



JESU JJTJL01B MBMOEIA 

S. Jeau, delight of every heart. By J. D. Cham- 
hers, iu his Lauda Syon, 1857. 

IX. Various Cenfos. 

The following hymns are translations of 
stanzas compilea from The Rhythm. They 
vary much in length and character. Borne 
are in C. U. and others are worthy of that 
distinction : — 

I, In Rorison's Hys. fy Antliems, 1851, there 
are two centos arranged by Dr. Borison from 
various trs., with additions of his own, as : — 

1. "Jesn, bow sweet the memories ore." 
a. " Jesu, the angels' light and song:" 

2. In J. A. Johnston's English Hymnal, 2nd 
ed., 1861, portions of E. Caswall'a tr. of the 
full text, somewhat extensively altered, were 
given as two hymns, Hos. 65, 66, as : — 

l, " Jesu, King adorable," 
1. "O Jesu, Thoutheglory art." 

3. In Dr. Kynaston's Occasional Hymns, 1862, 
there are two centos from The Rhythm, as ; — 

1. "Sourceorreeollectlon sweet." 

2. " Jesu, Bridegroom, Saviour, Friend." 

4. The Rev. E. C. Singleton's tr. in the Angli- 
can H. Bk., 1868, No. 258, " Jesu, how sweet the 
thought of Thee," is from the Soman Brev., with 
an additional stanza (v.) from The Shythm (x,). 

5. In the Boman Catholic Hys* for ttte Year, 
12 st. are given from The Rhythm, divided into 
three parts: — 

I. " Jesu, the very thought of Thee." The 2nd st. 
begins " No sound, no harmony so gay." 
a. " Thee, tbea, I'll seek, ntf red apart." 
S. "O King oflove, Thy blessed Are." 

6. The hymn given in the American College 
Hyl., N. T., 1876, as, " Thou in Whom our 
love doth find," is from E. Caswell's full tr., st. 
41, 11, IB, 18, very slightly altered. 

7. The hymn, "0 Jesus, Lord of all below," 
in the American Hys. for the Church of Christ, 
Boston, 1853, is composed of E. Caswall'sfr. of the 
Soman Brev. form of " Jesu, Bex admirabilis," 
st. iii.-v. slightly altered. 

8. The most popular cento in C. U. is, " Jesus, 
Thou joy of loving hearts," by Dr. Ray Palmer. 
It is composed of the tr. of st. 4, 3, 20, 23, 10, 
of Danietfs text, and appeared in the American 
Andover Sabbath H. Bk., 1858, No. 686. It ia 
found in all the best English and American 
hymn-books now in C TJ-, uttd is usually given 
in an unaltered form. Iu the Hymnary, 1872, 
it is altered to "0 Jesn, joy of loving hearts." 

9. In the 1862 Appendix to the Hymnal &. 
there are two centos: (1) "Tu mentis deleo 
tatio," tr. by T.I. Ball as "Thou the spirit's 
pleasure," and (2) " Jesn, Tua dilectio " (" Tua, 
Jesn dilectio "), tr. as "Jesu 1 the soul hath in 
Thy love." 

10. Another cento, tr. by Dr. J. W. Alexander, 
was pub. in SchaiFs Kirchenfreund, N. Y., April, 
1859 ; and in SohafFs Christ in Song, 1869 and 
1870. It begins, "Jesas, how sweet Thy 
memory is t Thinking of Thee," tw\ 

II. In the Primers of 1684 and 1685, and iu 
the Evening Office of 1725, there are the follow- 
ing centos :— 

1. " Thou, Jesus, art tho admired King." (UK.) 

2, " Jesus the only thought of Thee 

Fills with delight my memory." (1*81.) 
a. "If Jesus called to mind fap»rui. ,f (IMS.) 
These centos are printed in full in 0. Shipley's 
Annus Sanctus, 1884; and the Primers, &c, are 
described in the Preface to the same [see also 
Primers.] 



JBSU DULCISSIHH, E THSONO 

12. In E. Beste's Church JSye., 1849, there are 
14 «t. of 4 1. from TAe Bhythm, as j " Jeans, how 
sweet the thought of Thee." 

13, Dr. J. Wallace gave 14 at. in 4 1. in his 
Hys. of the Church, 1874, as « Jesus, to think of 
The*/ (Sm Taiimu.) 

This elaborate and extensive use of St. Ber- 
nard's Rhythm is almost if not entire] j unique 
iu hymuody. A few hymns exceed it in the 
number of their translations into English, as 
the |' Adeste fldeles," the « Dies lrae," and the 
" EKn* feste Burg," but no other poem in any 
language has furnished to English and Ame- 
rican hymn-books so many hymna of sterling 
■worth and welt-deserred popularity. [J. J.] 

X. TraaulattOM through the German. 
The hymn has boon frequently tr. into Ger- 
man. Four of these versions have passed into 
English, viz. ; — 
i. Aeh OoR, wi« manobM H*»eleld<q. v.). 
IL O Jen sUaa, war uein gedenkt. Waektmaod, v. 

S. 44*, gives this In 18 st ot 4 1. form the tela ed. of 
DOttui Arndt's FaradUt-aarlitin ; and alga givee a 
version tn SSI at. Ihn tbe Hit ed. of the Paradiu- 
ffdrtfein. According to BStmlar, L p. 30ft, the IS it. 
of i«is form part of a version In 4S >t. In Conrad Yet- 
tert Para&iat-wtgilt 1613 ; Yetter In his preface stating 
that this version had been for some tiine In print. 
There does not appear to be any reason for assigning 
this ir, either to Artuit, or. as lias sometimes been done, 
to Martin Hotter. A selection of 16 at. to No. TY3 In 
the Um. L. 8., 1851. Tr. as: — 

171*11 memoir bring* mr Jeans to an aniae, 
A very free tr. In *1 st. of 4 Id's. 1st pub. fit A.W. 
Boehm's tr. of Arndt's True Christianity, vol. 1., mi, 
p. esl. This was revised by J. C. Jscobt. reduced to 
L.H., and Included tn his Psalmodia Qtrnanica, 1W0, 
p. X (UM, p. ISO), beginning « When Thought brings 
Jesus te my sense." In JoeoM'j ed., 1*32, p. If, it is 
altered to " Street Jesus I when I think on Thee." In 
the Moravian B. J*., 1184, pt. i., No. 238, Is a cento of 
IT st. from Jotxbi, 113! ; to which are added 3 st. from 
Isaac Watts (st. v. of his » Far from my thoughts, vain 
world, be gone;" and st. lv., v. of his "'Twas on that 
dark, that doleful night "\ In ail so st. Centos, begin- 
ning with St. 1., from the text of 1154, are found In 
Montgomery's Christian Ptobniit, 1816, Surrey Chapel 
B. bk., lsfio, &c Other more or leas altered forms of 
•RteoWare;— 

1, Sear Jeans, when I flunk of Thee (J&coW t st. I. 
altered). Moravian H. Bk., 1»S» (1S49, No. 4*6). 

*, Of Elm Who did Salvation bring (JeeoN't st. 111.) 
In atsdan's Ps. A Hys., 1WJ, and In varying centos In 
the Amer. Metb. Epts. Bynmt, IMS, Hys. <e Srnigs of 
Praise, N. Y., 18)4, *c. 

S. Oume all, and hear of Jeans' tore (JaaAiCt st. xh 
altered), In Br. Hawker's Coll., Plymouth, 1841. 

IU. An JeauBi dsnken oft and viel. By H. Rinksrt, 
in hts Jan BerhbUtMein. This work was completed 
In xs. 1S3U, and tint printed 1S36, Only the 2nd ed„ 
Lelpalg, 1**3, Is now extant [Royal Library, Hannover], 
and there the tr„ being: broken up Into sets of 3 St., 
begins at p. 31 and ends p. ill. The complete text In 
48 st., is In Dr. J. Llnke's ed. of Rinkarfa Oeiitt. 
Litdtr, I0BO, p. SSI. In the Ltmebnrg Stsdt O. B., 
1*86, No. 3*6 consists of st. I, a, 4, 12, is, is, so, and 
this form is In the Berlin O. L. 8„ ed. 1803. Tr. as ;— 

Bweet meditation en fli* Lent. A ir. of st. i, i, 4, 
13, St, by H. L. Hastings, 18T0. Included in bidfymnai, 
1810, and Smgt ef Pilgrimage, ISO*. 

iv. Joan, dsinaz art gedeoken, A free (r., tn 48 St., 
byN. L. von Zhnendorf, Included *a Ko. I14oiuthe3id 
ed., 1731, of Ids SostmluRp ovlgf- wad tiebUcher Litdtr. 
Tr. as "Jesol on Thee to be thinking," as No. 23T In 
pt. 1. of the Moravians. £ts., lis*. [J. Jff.] 

Jesu dulclsetmo, e throno gloriae. 
[Love to CAriit] This is found in the P«a[- 
Urioium cantionvm CathoUcarvm, Cologne 
1722, p. 331; intheHymno<Ko&roro,Munater 
1753, p. 161; in Danid, it 311, tK. Itispro- 
bably not earlier than 16G0, and is in 4 at of 
4 1. [J. M.] 



JEBU, IP STILL THOU 589 

Translations in C. U. ; — 

1, Jem, m«t bring One, WJ» ftom Thy glory's 
throna. By R. F. Littledale, in the People's ff., 
1887. 

A. f> preoisna Bavionr, from Thy throne. By R, 
C. Singleton, written in 1867, and incladed in 
the Anglican H. Bk., 1888. 

S, Jean, neat pitiful, "Whe from heaven's thrent, 
By J. Etlerton, in Bro wn-Borth wick's Sixteen 
Hys. wrtA Tunes, 1870, nnd again in the Brown- 
Borthwick Select Hys,, 1871. 

Another tr. ia:— 

Jesu, moat sweet 1 From Thy glorious throne. 
j. w. BtvxU, ion. [J. J.] 

Jesu, for the beacon-light. Sir H. W. 

Baker. \¥e»tivtA of Martnrt. 'Far a Doctor.] 
Written for and first pub. in the Appendix 
to if. A. & M., 1868, and repeateo in the 
revised ed., 1675. [J. J.] 

Jean geb-' rorao. If. L. von Zinzendorf. 
[Following Christ.'] let appeared as No. 525 
m the Briider G. B* 1778, in 4 st. of 6 1. It is 
a slightly altered eentfi {probably made by 
Christian Gregor) from two hymns by Zinzen- 
dorf, on both of which see notes. St i. is et. i., 
iiL is st. iv., and iv. is st xi of " Seelenbtniitl- 
gam, du Ooites-Lamm *'; and st ii, isst. xi, 
of "61am der Ewigkeit" In the text of 
1778 it has passed into many German hymn- 
books, e.g. the Berlin ft L. S„ ed. 1863, No. 
634; and has become a great favourite, 
especially as a children's hymn. IV. as : — 

1 Jesna, still lead on, A very good hut free 
tr. by Hiss Borthwick, in the JVk» Church Maga- 
rine, 1846, p. 14, repeated, slightly altered, in 
H. L.Z., 1st Ser., 1854, p. 23 (1884, p, 26). 
From the H. L. L. it has passed into many recent 
hymnals, e.g. the People's, 1867 ,- Church JJys., 
1871 i Taring's Coil., 1882 ; Bapt. Hijl., 1879 ; 
N. Cong. Byl., 1887, &c ; and in America in the 
Sabbath H. Bk., 1858; Pretb. /T«(.,1874; H. $ 
Songt of Praise, N. T., 1874, &c, genemlly in 
full and unaltered. 

S. Jean ! goine our way. A good and full tr. by 
A. T. Russell,, written March 20, 1846, and p.ub, 
in hts Ps. o? Hys., 1851, No. 61. This, generally 
omitting st. iiL, has been repeated in the Book 
of PraUe Hyl., 1867; American Presto. Hyl, 
1874; Exumij. Hyl., N. Y., 1880, Ac. The ver- 
sions in the Eng. Presb. Ps. § Hys., 1867, and 
John Robinson's [some time Chaplain of the 
Settle Union, Yorkshire, who d. Jan. 1886J Coll^ 
1869, are partly from Mr, Ruaaell and partly 
from Miss Borthwick. 

3, Jean, day by day. A full and- close tr, by 
Miss Winkworth, as No. 174 in her C. B. for 
England, 1863; and in her Christian Singers, 
1869. Repeated in J. I. Porter's Coll., 1876, 
and M. W. Stryker's Christian Chorals, 1885. 

4. Jetn! be our wnide. By L. Hey], as Mo. 
406 in the Ohio Lath. Hyl-, 1880. 

Other tn. are, (1) •> Jeeus, lead the way," by J. D. 
Bums, In the Fattky Treasury, 10W, pt. i. p. SB0, and 
his JTcnotr A BGaaint, lseo, p. 341. (a) "O Jesus, 
shun' the way," in Dr. J. F. Hunt's tr. of K. R. Haaeii- 
bach's Bitt. of tie Chvirek 18 otut 10 cmtarim, N. T., 
isas, vol. I. p. 433. {a) "Jesus, day by day," partly 
" — InKeM'si" " " 



from Miss Wtnkworth, as No. 101* 1 



i Praise Sk., 



18TX. (1) " Jesns, day t^ day, Qnlde us on our way, 
as No. 4SS In the Moravian B. Bk„ 1880, [J. M.] 

JeBu, if still Thou cut to-day. C. 
Wesley. [For Pardon.] Pub. in .Bus. & Sac. 
Poem, 1740, in 21 at. of 4 1., and hooded, 



690 



JESU, KOBDrT DOCH 



"These things were written for our InsAruc- 
tion" (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 262). 
It ie ft resume - of the miracles of our Lord, 
together with their spiritual teachings. In 
1780 the poem wu divided ( with the 
omission of at xiii.) into two ports, and in- 
cluded in the We*. S. Bk. as two hymns 
(Nos. 131, 132), the second part being, " While 
dead in trespasses and sins." Both parts 
have passed into other collections, Ft. i. some- 
times being given as " Jesus, if Thou art still 
to-day," as in Spurgeon's 0. 0. H. Bk., 1866. 
Sometimes Pt i. is Died as a special hymn 
for the 3rd S. after the Epiphany, for which 
it is most suitable. In the Reformed Dutch 
Hy*. of the CpTtrelt, N. Y., 1869, st vii.-x. of 
Pt ii. in the Wet. H. Bk. are given as, " O 
Lord, impart Thyself to me." [J. J.] 

Jeau, komm' dooh. selbst su mir. 
J. Scheffier. {Love lo Christ.] Aflnehymn 
of longing for spiritual union with Christ, 1st 
pub. as No. 3 in Bk. i, 1657, of his Jteilige 
Seelenlutt (Werkc, 1862, i. p. 29), in 9 st. of 41, 
entitled, "She [the Soul] longs after Jesus 
alone." It passed through Freylinghaasen's 
G. B., 170*, into many later German collec- 
tions, and is No. 761 in the Unv. L. 8., 1851. 
The fro. in 0. U.are:— 

1. Jena, Jetua, visit im. A good and roll 
tr. by Dr. R. P. Dunn, contributed to Sacred 
Lyrics from Hie German, Philadelphia, 1859, 
p. 125. Repeated, generally omitting st iv.-vi., 
in Hatfield's C/wcti H. Bk., 1872, Baptist 
Service of Song, 1871, Amer. Fresh. Jfyt^ 1874, 
Landet Domrnt, N.Y., 1884, and others. 

t. Jaausl Saviour! emu hi m*. Lot me, to. 
A good and full tr, by Dr. M. Lay in the 
Evan;}. Heeiea, Gettysburg, July, 1861; re- 
peated as Ko. 279 in the Ohio LvtA. Hyl., 1880. 

S. Jean, Jesu, eome to ma. Laageth, As. A 
good tr. from the greatly altered text ("Jesu, 
Jesu, korara *u mir'') of the Trier G. B. (R. C), 
1846, p. 121, in 7 st.; in ijra Eiicharistica, 
1864, p. 29, signed " M." Repeated as Mo. 94 
in the Hyl for St. Ethstktrga's, Lond, 1873. 

Other be. are : (1) " Dearest Jesus, come to me," u 
No. «S in pt. i. of the ifcrorion H. Bk., 1?S4 (less, 
Ko. (N), repeated in same eds. of Lady Huntingdon's 
Coll. (3} " Jesus, come Jnyself tome," by Mitt Matt- 
l-nglon, ISM, p. 29. (a) "Jesus, Jww, hum to me! 
How I lone," Ac., by Hiss BorlinBbsm, tn the Brilitk 
JftraZd.Jwy. 1SQ3, p. ids, (4) "Jesus, Jesus, 'come 
tome! Oh bow," faj„ In the Smith. Beratd, April, 
lssT, p. Si, repeated u So. 2*3 In Beld's Praise Bk., 
WJ2. (fi) " Jesus, Saviour, come to me, Lo, I thirst," 
fcc. In the family Tnoiury, lsn, p. 111. [J, MJ 

Jesu, Lord, we look to Thee. C. 
TPesfejr, [famtfy Union desired.] Appeared 
in Ifys. and iSnc .Poems, 1749, vol. i. No. 146, 
in 6 st. of 4 1., and again in the We$. B. Bk., 
1780, No. 495. (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. v. 
p. 52.) The cento " Lord, we all look up to 
Thee," in T. Davis's Eye. Old and New, 1864. 
No. 231, and in Bourgeon's O. O. H. BK 1866, 
Was adapted by Mr. Davis from this hymn, 

p. J.] 

Jesu, Lover of my houL C. TPestey. 
[In time of Danger and Temptation."] 1st 
pub. in the Wesley Hyt. and Sao. Poems, 1740, 
in 5 at. of 8 1., and headed " In Temptation " 
(P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 259). In 1800 
ft was added to the Wes. H. Bk., but before 
this it had been included in a few hymn- 
books of the Church of England, amongst 



JESU, LOVER OF BCY SOUL 

which were M. Madans Pt. <E Hyt., 1760; 
R. Conyers's P*. <fc Hys., 1774; A. M. Top- 
lady's P». 4 Hvi., 1776, and others. During 
the past hundred years few hymns have been 
so extensively used. Its popularity increases 
with its age,and few collections are now found 
from which it is excluded. It is given in the 
hymn-books of all English-speaking countries, 
and has been translated into many languages. 

2. The opening stanza of this hymn has 
given rise to questions which have resulted in 
more than twenty different readings of the 
first four lines. The first difficulty is the 
term Lover as applied to our Lord. From 
an early date this tender expression was felt 
by many to be beneath the solemn dignity of 
a hymn addressed to the Divine Being. At- 
tempts have been made to increase the rever- 
ence of the opening line by the sacrifice of its 
pathos and poetry. The result was "Jesu, 
Itefuge of my soul," a reading which is still 
widely adopted ; " Jesus, Samour of my soul," 
and *■ Potter, Befme of my soul." Weeley'B 
reading, however, has high sanction. In the 
Wisdom of Salomon, xi, 26, we read: "But 
Thou sparest all, for they are Thine, O Lord, 
Thou Lover of souls." 

The second difficulty was in 11, 3, i : 

*« While the nearer waters roll, 

While the tempest still ie high." 

To a great number of hymn-book compilers, 
these words have been a stumbling-block and 
a rock of offence. Various attempts have been 
made to surmount the difficulty from the 1st 
ed. of Lady Huntingdon's CoU. of Hymns, 
1764, to the a P. C. K. Church Hymrts, 1871. 
Wesley's opening lines are : — 
" Jesu, Lover at my souL 
Let me to Thy bosom fly, 
While the nearer waters roll. 
While the tempest still la high." 

Amongst the numerous attempts to improve 
these lines are the following : — 

1. " While the Kttowr near we roll." 

This Is in Lady Huntingdon's CM* 11W, as above, 
and more than a hundred yeara later, In Hertend'a Cfc. 
i'jotter ds Rtf,,, iafe, beside* several collections between 
the two dates. 

2. » While the raging oOEdui roll." 

This reading appeared in Klppon'a Bap. Set.. 1I8T \ 
Blcfeerneth's Cfinli rulaudy, 18J3, and otheni and is 
wldctT used 

3. " While tbe t\rear«i*g waters rolL" 

In Kempthome's Pt. d) Hyi^ isio, and a few modern 
hymn-books, 

4. " Jams, Rtfufft at tJkesoul, 

7b I** thetttriitg amt welly." 
This Is in Cotterlll's Act., 1S1B. In tbe 181> ed. It was 
changed to, 

G. " lb thy t&elteriitg erou we fly," and tbecntlra 
hymn was omitted in IBJW. 
0. " Jesu, SavhHtr at my eoul. 

Let me to Thy mercy fly." 
In Basil Woodd's Pt. A B}/t, 1SS1. 
t. " Jeeqa, Lover of our aoule. 
He (o Tha/vr taftty fty ; 
While tbe «wtm nund ui rollj, 
While tbe temtiest e«U ia high." 
This appeared In W. Drwict s CWieeKon, Dublin, 
isas, and baa puaed into a few collections. 

5. " Jesu*, Refvgc at the eoul, 

We ta Thee far tofely fly ; 
Wbiie tbe vatert rutwut vt roll, 
W hlle tbe tempest still ta high." 
This is nrwicUt readtnc altered, and was given In 
Frank's Ckritt. Pialfutdf, Buddenfield, 1833. 
ft. " Let me to Thy thtlter fly." 
In DevSes and Baxters Set., Lond., ISIS. 
10. •• While the BlUhtring waters roll." 
In Murray's Bj/nmal, 166S ; Pott's Bymns, kc., 1RS1; 
B. A. 4 Jr.. and others. 

11." 7b Hiy thalteHnff teing 1 1 fly." 



JESU, LOVER OP MY SOUL 

In Rowe'e Church Paolst Book, dr. 1840, 

11. " IwQlto thy bourn fly." 

In the Covenant Hymns, London, IMS. 

18. "lb Jhy mercy we would fly. 

While the WBowi twor u roll." 

Id the Rugby School Pt. A Art., lSSo. 

U. «Wbm the tnmWal waters roll." 

In the J>rtmf«« iMitoUit jff. fit., 18W, 

16, •■ While the wo/cm «eor at roll, 

While tonptatfem'j in»« mount* high," 

Tbete changes, and a doiology of 4 1., were given In 
fliB aWifcurjf H. Bk., ISsr. T'he line, "While the 
toakri nearer roll," ™ repeated In Chwvh Jfynitu, 

Id. " While (be *awt around me roll." 

In T. Davis's ^», Old <* JVew, IBM. 

IT. « rim Lover of my soul," In the American 
tlnltartm Bye. o/tAe #u'ri(, ls«*. 

3, In addition to these individual changes, 
there are others, and also several combination*, 
as fbr instance : — 

" Jesnt, Mtfugt of the soul, 

J* fa* aietteritHr armt we fly; 
While the mjVinjr WJtouw roll, 
While the tempeWt roar is high," 

In X«inaJj, 1863, in which there are six 
alterations, each ot which was made by a 
different person and at a different date, the 
last being by Dr. Kennedy, in 1863. These 
numerous quotations do not exhaust tlte 
changes and combinations of changes which 
the ingenuity of compilers have forced upon 
Wesley's lines. In the whole range of hym- 
nody, we know of no stanza or portion of a 
Mania which has undergone so many altera- 
Sons, As an editorial cariosity those four 
lines are in their transformations unique. In 
the latest hymn-books, as Thring's C6IL, the 
Wettmintier Ahbey H. Bk., Homer's Cong. 
H. Bk., and others in G. Britain and also 
America, it is pleastng to find that Wesley's 
lines are unaltered. In this these collections 
are at one with a large number of hymnals of 
various dates whose uniform use is empha- 
tically in favour of the original text The 
fact that in a wide expanse of waters a distant 
part may be lashed into fury bjr a passing 
storm whilst around a given ship tiiere is 
perfect calm; and that these circumstances 
are often reversed, and the " nearer waters " 
are those affected, and the distant waters are 
sleeping in the silent air — seems to have es- 
caped the notice of the two score or more 
editors who have vainly striven to improve 
Wesley's text. In life, as in nature, storms 
are local. One ship may be dashed hither 
and thither by the fury of " the nearer waters ;" 
whilst another is sleeping in the for distanoe 
on a throbless sea. Men cry for help, not 
against dangers which are both distant and 
undefined ; but out of the depths of their im- 
mediate troubles. Their life is amid " the 
nearer waters" of local surroundings and 
passions and temptations, and to them the 
Lover of souls is indispensable. 

4, Many charming accounts of the origin of 
this hymn are extant, but unfortunately, some 
would odd, they have no foundation in fact 
Tho roost that we can say is that it was 
written shortly after the great spiritual change 
which the author underwent in 1738 ; and 
that it was published within a few months of 
the official date (1739) which is given as the 
founding of Methodism. It hid nothing 
whatever to do' with the struggles, and dangers 
with lawless men, in after years. Nor with a 
dove driven to Wesley's bosom by a hawk, 
nor with a sea-bird driven to the same shelter 



jest; meine fbeude 591 

by a pitiless storm. These charming stories 
must be laid aside until substantiated by direct 
evidence from the Wesley books : or from 
original mss. or printed papers as yet unknown. 

5. Mr. G. J. Stevenson's "associations" 
of this hymn in his Meth. S. Bit, Notes, 1883, 
are of more than usual interest and value. 

6. This hymn has been tr. into several 
languages, including Latin, by B Bingham in 
hUHymno. Chrittt. Latino, 1871, as, "Mere 
animte Amator;" and H. M Maogill in his 
Songt of the Ckrietian Creed & Life, 1676, ns, 
" Jesu 1 Animae Amator." [J, J.] 

Jean, meek and gentle. G. B. Prynne, 
\A Child's Prayer.} Written in 1856, and 
pub. in the author's Hymnal Suited for the 
Service* of the Church, &c, 1858, in 5 st of 
41. In 1861 it was given in H. A. & M., and- 
subsequently in most collections published in 
G. Britain and America. The author has 
also republished it in his work The Soldier 1 ! 
Vying VUitmt, and Other Poena, 1881, and 
has added the following note : — 

" Thte tittle hymn hag found Its way Into moat Eng- 
lish Hymn-books. It !■ commonly thought to have 
been written for children, and on this supposition I hare 
been naked to simplify the fourth Terse. Tbehymnwas 
not, however, written specially for children, where It 
is need In collections of Tiymns for children. It might be 
veil to alter the last two lines in the fourth verse thus j— 
" Through earth's passing darkness, 
To heaven's endless day." 

Usually the original text is given as In S. A. 
* AT, 1875. [J. J.] 

Jesu melne Frende. J. Fratiek. [Love 
to GhritL] This beautiful hymn appears in G. 
Peter's Andaehts Zymbeln, Froyberg, 1655, No. 
211, in 6 st of 10 1., followed bva seventh 
stanza marked off * * " Vater alter Ehren," 
from Franok's Vaterwuerharfe (i.e. one of his 
metrical versions of the Lord a Prayer). It Is 
also in J. Cruger's Praxit, Frankfurt, 1656, 
No. 385 (with the melody by Criiger still in 
German use) ; in Franok's GeitUiche* Ston, 
1674, No. 85 (1846, p, 88), and in most later 
hymn-books generally in the original 6 st, as 
in the Urn. L. 8., 1851, No 762, 

It ts modelled on a Song in H. Albertl's irim, pi. It., 
Kuntssberg, 1M1, No. at, which begins, -Flora melne 
Freude; Melner Seelenwetde." When the hymn began 
to be extensively used many of tho older Lutherans 
objected that Its depth of spiritual experience unfitted 
it for nee In public worship ; lust as In our days Bp. C. 
Wordsworth, In the pralkoe to bis Holy fear, objected 
on simitar grounds to toe use of " Jesus, lover of my 
souU" by an ordinary congregation. Lsuamann, & 
Koch, vitl. CT8-2B6, relates many instances In which the 
use of this hymn was blessed. Ho adds that it waa tr. 
Into Esthonlan in lWr ; into Russian In 1724, by am*, 
uund of Peter the (Jreat ; and about the same time into 



Translations In C. U, :~i 

1. Jesus, my oliaf pleasure, A good O., emit- 
ting at iii., contributed by K. Massie, as No, 
436, to tlie 1857 ed. of Mercer's C. P. # B. Bk. 
(Ox. ed., 1864, "So. 389, omitting the tr. of st, 
iv.). Mr. Massie included the tr. in his Lyra 
Domeitica, 1S64, p. 132, and it is also in Beid's 
Praise Bk., 1873 ; SchofTs Christ in Song, &c 

S. Juu, prloslesa treasure, A good tr,, omitting 
st. iii., by Miss Winkwortb, as No. 151, in her 
C. B. for England, 1863, repeated, adding a tr. 
of st iii., in her Christian Singers, 1869, p. 238. 
Included in the Ohio Lath. Hyl., 1880, No. 2SQ, 
with a tr. of st iii. not by Miss Wrokworth. 

S. Jesus, Thau sit nsaiast. A tr. of st. i n ii.) 



592 JESU, MY GOD AND KING 

v., vi., by M. W. Stryker, as Xo. 119 in his 
Christian Chorals, 18B5. 

Other tart. Mi (11 "Jew! Bomrceof gladness," by J. 
V. JocoM, 1TI2, p. T*. Slightly altered In his and ed., 
H33,p 1S3, and repeated in the Moravians, Bk- r ITS*. 
In theifcratffcmff. J*., lTa»,No. W (16*9, No. ess), 
the three opening lines of Ibis version and little elK are 
from Jacob!, (a) "Je>us,mychterple»suie,Oomrort." 
by Or. tf. Jfiifa, IBIS (186*, p. 90), (3) "Jesu, my 
Joy-giYing," by H. h. Frothinglum, 181ft, p. ISO. Ii) 
"Jesu, Fount of Pleasure," by J. H. Hopkins, in his 
CarUi, ta„ Srd ed„ 18S2. [J. M.] 

Jean, my God and King. C. fFesFey. 

f/esiw I%e King.] 1st pub, in ifus. <fe Sac 
Poem*, 1739, p. 171. in II st. of 6 I, and en- 
titled "Hymu to Christ the King" (P. 
Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 152), In the 1830 
Supplement to the Wes. H. Bk., st i,-vli, 
were included as No. 689. These are repeated 
as No. 727 in the revised ed., 1875. In Ken- 
nedy, 1863, at. iii.-v. and vii. ore given as 
"Hail your dread Lord and ours." [J. J.] 

Jesu, my great High Priest above. 

C. Wesley. [Lent,] Pub. in Hys. & Sac. 
Poems, 1739, iu 5 st. of 8 U end headed 
Pa. 139, 23, " Try me, God, and seek the 
ground of my heart " (P. Bk. version), and 
again in P. Works, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 87. 
"When included in the Wet. H. Bk.,- 1780, 
No. 97, it was reduced to 4 st, and began, 
" Jesu, my Advocate above." This arrange- 
ment, either in full or abbreviated, is given 
in several modern hymnals. The last Btanza 
of the original is sometimes given as a short 
hymn beginning, " sovereign Love [Lord], 
to Thee I cry." [J. J.] 

Jesu, my Master and my Lord. C. 

Wesley. [Clots of ike Year — Temptation.'] 
Appeared in Hyt. A Sac. Poena, 1749, voL it, 
in 4 st. of 8 ]., as No. 6 of "Hymns for the 
Watch Night" (P. Work*, 1868-72, vol. v. 
p. 268). In the Wet. K Bk. 1780, st. iL-iv. 
were given (No. 301) as "Into a world of 
ruffians sent ' ; but in the revised ed„ 1875, 
the original first stanza was restored. In both 
forms the hymn is in C. U. [J. J.] 

Jesu, my Saviour, Brother, Friend. 
C. Wesley. [Jesus All in All] 1st pub. in 
Hyt. & Sac Poems, 1743, p. 214, in 15 st. of 
4 L, and headed "Watch in all things" (P. 
Works, 1868-72, vol. ii. p. 271). In 1780 
J. Wesley divided st. i.-xi. into tiro hymns, 
and gave them in the Wes. ff. Bk. as (1) 
"Jesu, my Saviour, Brother, Friend" (No. 308); 
and (2) " Pierce, fill me with an humble fear " 
(No. 301). This arrangement is repeated in 
the revised ed., 1875, and other collections. 
In several American Unitarian hymn-books 
the first part is altered to "Great God, my 
Father, and my friend " ; and in somo Pres- 
byterian collectftma as " Great God, our Father, 
and our Friend " ; but the use of these forms 
has not extended to G Britain ; neither has 
that in the American Meth. Episco. Hymns, 
1849, No. 586, which is composed of st vi. 
vii., and begins " Jeau, I fain would walk in 
Thee." In the American Meth. Episco. 
Hymns, 1849, Pt ii. begins, " Lord, fill me 
with an humble fear." [J. J.] 

Jeau, my Strength, my Hope. O. 
Wesley. [SeU-Gonsecratim.'] Appeared in 
By*. <fe Sao. Poems, 1742, p. 146, la 7 st. of 



JESU NOSTRA BEDEMPTIO 

8 1., and headed « A Poor Sinner " (P. Works, 
1868-72, voL ii. p. 208). In 1780 st i.-vl 
and ii. were given in the Wes. H. Ek. as 
No. 292 (ed. 1875, No. 301). This is repeated 
in several collections. There are also the 
following additional centos from this hymn 
in C. IT. :— 

1. 1 pert span Thy word. In the American Church 
Pattoratt, Boston, IBM, 

1. I want a heart to pray. In the American Dutch 
Reformed Ifyt. <jf tin CSwrcft, 18BB, Ac 

I- Jems, car rtrenfthi ma hope. In tie Cooke end 
Denton Hymnal, 1863, &c 

*. My God, my Strenfth, my Hope. In eeversl 
American collections. 

I, (rod my Strength, my Hope. In Martlnatu's 
Bymmi, 184B ; the Bap, Ft. A Syt.. 1BK, end others. 

[J. J.] 

Jesu nostra redemptio, Amor et 
desiderium. [jlroenmon.] This Sue hymn 
is probably of the 7th or Stuoeot It is found 
in three MSB. of the 11th cent in the British 
Museum, two of the English Church ( Vesp. 
D. xii. f. 69 ; Jul. A. vi. f. 48 &.), and one of 
the ancient Spanish Church (Add. 30818, f. 
133 6.) ; in the St Gall MS. No. 387, of the 11th 
cent ; in a us. oir. 1064, in Corpus Christi Col- 
lege, Cambridge (No. 391, page 247); and in 
the Latin Hys. of the Anglo-Saxon Ch., 1851, 

L83, is printed from an 11th cent. us. at Dur- 
m (B. iii. 32, f. 24 b). It is in the otd Roman 
(Venice, 1*78), Sarum, York, Aberdeen, and 
many other Breviaries. The printed text is 
also in Daniel, i., No. 56 ; Hone, No. 173 ; J. 
Chandler's Hys. of the Prim. Church, 1837; and 
Card. Newman's Hymni Scdetiae, 1838 and 
1865. Theuseof Sarum wasatComplinefrom 
the vigil of the Ascension to Whitsuntide ; that 
of York at Lauds ; and the Soman at Vespers. 
In the revised Soman Breviary of 1632 it be- 
gins, Balutii human** Bator. This is repeated in 
J. Chandler's Hys. of the Prim. Church, 1837, 
No, 71, and Card. Newman's Hymni Soelesiae, 
1838 and 1865. [J. M.J 

This hymn has been tr. in both its original 
and in the Soman Breviary forms, as follows : — 

L Jean nostra rodeoptio. The trs. in C U. are : — 

1, Ohrirt, our hope, enr heart's desire. By J. 
Chsndler, in his Bys. of the Print. Cktuvh, 1837, 
p. 83. This tr. is the most popular of any of 
this hymn. In addition to being iu C IT. in the 
original tr. in some collections it was altered by 
the compilers of H. A. $ H. in 1861 to « Jean, 
onr hope, our heart's desire " (again altered in 
11. 2-4 of st. i. in 1875), and in the Hymnary, 
1872, to " Jesn, oar Redemption, Love." The 
Hymnary text is rewritten in L.M., and is much 
altered throughout. 

1. Jesn, onr Redemption. By E. Caswsll in 
bis Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 290 ; and again in 
his Hys. send Poena, 1873, p. 146. This is Re- 
peated in several collections. In the Hymnary 
this is rewritten in L.M. as "O Jesu, our Re- 
demption, Love." 

S. Jen, Redemption, nil divine. By J. M. 
Neale, in the H. Noted, 1852, and one or two 
other hymn-books. 

4. Our Redemption, but Salvation, By W. J. 
Blew, in bis Hymn and Tone Bk., 1852-55 ; and 
again in Bice's Set. from the same, 1870. 

t. Jean, onr Redemption bleat. By R, F. Little* 
dale, in the Peopled H., 1867. 



JESU, NOW THY NEW-MADE 

Tratittatitifis Bot in 0. TJ* i — ' 
1. onr Redemption, Jem Christ. Primer, I6M. 
1. O Jean, Who our souls dost eave. Primer, 1919. 

3, Jean, Who our Bedemptlon art, God, Maker of al] 
things, fcc J. miinu, 183S. 

4, Jesu, Who oar Redemption art, Who In the deep 
love,&0. ifymnarium JiipHcanum, 1B44. 

t. Jesu, Redeemer, Tbon Who art. .T. f>. CAamteri, 
1851. 

5, Jen, oar Redeemer, now. Jrrt. C*orf«, 1858, 
1. Jesu, Redemption deer. J. IT. flewe«, ISM. 

B. Jesu, Thau Redeemer dew. f>r. JJtnMii, 188T. 

9. Jesu, our Hansom from above, la Sldpleyfe .annus 
Smehu, 18*4. 

li. Balutle hmMU Hater. This .Roman Breviary 
form of the text ha* been thua tr, I — 

1. 7wn, Lord of heavenly fiaoe. ^7 J' Chand- 
ler, in his Hys. of the Prim, Church, 1837, p. 81, 
into Mercer and others. 

*. Thou pore light of sou* that kw*. By EL 
Caswall, in his Lyra Cattoliat, 1849, p. 100; 
and bis Hys. ■? Poems, 1873, p. 56. This tr. is 
in several collections. 

TrsnalatioriS not la 0. TJ. : — 

1, Jeans, Who man*a Redeemer jtrt. Primer, 1685 
and ITie, In Shipley's Jimm Stuictut, 1834. 

a. OChrlst.the SstIoui of mankind. Primer, 1108. 

3. Saviour of men, our Joy supreme. Bp. Hunt, 
1831. 

4, Lord, Hetfeemer of the world. A. J. B. Eups, 
1944. 

E. Anthoi of lost man's salvation. W. J. QgwJond, 
1848. 

8. Saviour of men, Who dost impart. F. C. Euten- 
k(&, 1840. 

t. Jen, elatn lor earth's release. R. Cfcmpdetl, 1888. 
B. HaU'rtion.WhomMrtRedeemerart. r. .r. Potter, 
In Shipley's AmMit Sancton* 1884. 

9. Thou Who didst die for sinners' sake. /. Wallace, 
1SI4. [J. J,] 

Jesu, now Thy new-made soldier. 
3. W. Hewett. {After Baptism.] Pub. in his 
Verses by a Country Curate, 1359, in 7 at of 
6 1. and entitled "A Hymn after Baptism." 
It is followed by a quotation from one of the 
author's sermons, and a dedication reads : — 

" To Mr. and lire. T , ray faithful and consistent 

Church parishioners, for the baptism of whose grandson 
this Hymn was computed, I Inscribe the same with 
affectionate regard. — The Country Curate. Whitsun 
Monday, ISM.* 

It was included in the S. P. C. K. Appendix, 
1869 ; in the Hymnary, 1872 ; Thring's Coll., 
1882 ; and ulso in several others, but usually 
somewhat abridged. [J. J.] 

Jesu quftdragenariae. [Lent."] This 
hymn has been ascribed to St Hilary, but is 
certainly of later date. It is fo«Dd in the 
Barvm, York, Aberdeen, and a number of 
German Breviaries (e.g.' Halberstadt, 1500, 
and Havelberg, 1518), appointed for Lent at 
Vespers or Lands ; sometunes from the 1st to 
the 3rd 8., or, as in the Sarum use, in the 
daily office at Lauds from the 3rd S. in Lent to 
Passion Sunday. The text is also in two Msa. 
of the 11th cent in the British Museum (Yesp. 
D. xii. f. 53 ; Jul. A. vi. f. 4(!) ; and in the 
Lat. Hyt. of the Anglo-Saxon Ch., 1851, p. 61, 
is printed from an 11th cent MS. at Durham. 
(B, iii. 82 f. 19.) It is also found in two lies, 
of the 11th rant at St Gall (Noe. 413,414); in 
Daniel, L, No. 6, the Bymnarium Sariiburiense, 
1851, p. 77, and Card. Newman's Kwnni Ec- 
elesiae, 1838 and 1865. [J. M.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Jen, the Law and Pattern, whsnae. By 
3. M. Neale. Pub. in the H. Koted, 1853, 
No. 21, in 6 st. of 4 1. It has passed into 
leveral collections, including the ffymner, 1862. 



JESU, EEDEMPTOR OMNIUM 593 

t. Jem, Who this our Lenten tide. By J. D. 
Chambers. Appeared in his Lauda Syon, 1857, 
p. 133, m 6 et. of 4 1, and repeated in the 
People's H., 1867. 

S. Jesu, onr Lenten fast of Thse. By J. W. 
Hewett. Pub. in bis Verses by a Country Curate, 
1859, p. 39, in 8 st. of 4 L In H. A. $ M. t 
1861 and 1875, it was given with alterations 
by the compilers. 

4. In watch and prayer by Thee, By F. Pott. 
Mode for and 1st pub. in his Mys. fitted to the 
Order of Com. Prayer, 1861, in 6. at of 4 L 
In 1871 it was revised by the Translator for 
the S. P. C. K. Church Hys., and given therein 
as " In hunger, watch, and prayer." 

6" . Jesu, in fast for sinful man. This render- 
ing in the Hymnary, 1872, is Dr. Xeale's tr. as 
above, slightly altered by the Editors of the 
Hymnary. 

Translation not In C. TJ. : — 

Jesu, Whose holy life dieplays, W. J, Jtfe», ibsi-s. 

[J. J.] 
Jean, Redeemer of mankind. C. 
Wesley. [Lent. Holiness desired.) Appeared 
in Hys. and Sac. Poems, 1742, p. 246, in 14 st 
of 4 1., and based upon Titus ii. 14, "He gave 
Himself for us that He might redeem us 
from all iniquity" (P. Worlcs, 1868-72, vol. it 
p. 303). Six stanzas, beginning with st ix., 
were given in the Wes. H. Bk., 1780, No. 394, 
as "What is our calling's glorious hope." 
This text has been repeated in several cofteo- 
tions, [J. J.j 

Jesu Redemptor omnium, Perpea 
corona praeaulum. TComm. of Confeieors.2 
This hymn is found in four liymnaries of the 
11th cent, in the British Museum, viz. : three 
of the English Church (Vesp. D. xii. f. 100 ; 
Jul. A. Ti. f. 67 ; Harl. 2961, f. 2496), and one 
of the Spanish Church (Add. 30,851, f. 1546). 
In the Latin Hys. of ike ^nglo-Snxon Ch., 
1851, p. 137, it is printed from an 11th cent 
ms. at Durham. (B. iii. 32, f. 40 b.) It is also 
found in the Soman (Venice, 1478), Sarum, 
York, Aberdeen, and other Breviariee. In the 
Sarum use it was the hymn at Lands and 
Second Vespers on the festival of a Confessor 
and Bishop. Daniel, i., No. 237, gives the 
text, and at iv. p. 869, cites it as in a 9th 
cent. MB. at Bern, 'Die Roman Brev. text is 
in Card. Newman's ITymnt EccUsiae, 1838 
and 1865. IV. as:— 

1. Bedeemer bleat of all who live. By E. 
Caswall. 1st pub. in his Lyra Catholics, 1849, 
p. 217, in 5 st. of 4 1. ; and again in his Hys. 4r 
Poems, 1873, p. 115. It is repeated in some 
Roman Catholic collections for missions and 
schools, and also in other hymn-books. 

I, Jsan, the world's Redeemer, hear. By J. D. 
Chambers. Pub. in the enlarged ed. of the 
H. Noted, 1854 ; and repented in the Hymnary, 
1872, &c. 

5, Thou, Whose all redeemuf mlfht By 
R. M, Benson. Contributed to //. A. fr M* 
1861, and repeated in the revised ed., 1875. 

4. Jesu, Bedeemer, the renown. By J. D. 
Chambers. This second rendering by Mr. 
Chambers appeared in his Lauda Syon, Pt. ii, 
1866, and was repeated in the People's It,, 1367. 

Tnuulation* not in 0, Tf, : — 

1. Jesu, Bedeemer Then of all. W. J. Xltw, 18B4-S. 

1. Jeans, Bedeemer of mankind, f. JToilow, 1814. 



594 JESU, REDEMPTOB SAECULI 

In the York Breviary of 1493, at. iii., iv., 
slightly altered and beginning Haeo rite mundi 
gaadia, are given as the hymn for 1st Vespers 
and for Matins in the office of the Common 
of one Matron, usually called the Common of 
•Holy Women. This form is found in the 
reprint of that Breviary by the Surtees Society, 
ii. 77 (1883). The tr. from this text in :— 

The world and all Its boasted good, This 
appeared in the enlarged edition of the H. Noted, 
1854, in 3 st. of 4 1. It is usually ascribed to 
Dr. Heslc, but in error. [J. M.] 

Jesu, Eedemptor saeeuli. Qui tertio 
post fonera. 0. Coffin. [Hwfcr,] This 
hymn, as given in the Pari* Breviary, 1736, 
for Compline during the Octave of Easter and 
np to the Ascension, began: — 
" Jesu. Redemptor saecull. 
Qui tertio post ftmera 
Redux ab inferis die, 
Mortem resnrgendo necas." 

The hymn was repeated In Coffin's Hymni 
Saeri, Ac., 1736; in Card. Newman's Hymni 
Ecelekae, 1838 and 186$, and in J. Chandler's 
Hye. of the Primitive Church, 1837. Although 
several (re. of this hymn have been made, 
none are in 0. U. Tnoy are : — 

1. Thou Who wast for sinner* slain. J. Chandler. 
1837. 

2. Thou, Who to save tbe world, to. I. TVHKosw, In 
the BritiiK Mag., April, 1831 ; and again In his Hjri. fr. 
frimt the Paritfan Bre»„ 1839. 

a. Jean, for all Thy blood vm ehed, Jr. Campbell, 
I860. 

*. Jesu, Redeemer, Thee we praise, J. D. ChcmTxrt, 
IBS?. 

S, Jeeo, tbe earth's Redeemer Tbou. Another ren- 
dering slightly different from tee former, by R. Cemp- 
bell, dre. ism, printed from bis ms. In Sir. Shipley's 
4nnv* .Sbnctva, 1831. 

S, Jeens, Who didst redeem mankind. J, C. Sarle in 
-annua SancCm, 1884. [J, J.] 

Jesu Eedemptor saeeuli, Verbum 

Fatris altiasimi. [.Easter.] This is found 
in two mss. of the 11th cent, in tho British 
Museum, viz. in a hymnariuro (Harl. 2961, 
£ 220b), and in a Mozarabic Breviary (Add. 
30848, f. 666> In the later Breviaries, as 
the Sarum, York, Paris (1643), Ac., it begins, 
"Jesu Salvator saeouli," Tho text of the 
Harleian MS. (in 4 at and a doxology) is 
printed in the Jjat. Hys. of ihe Anglo-Saxon 
On., 1851, p. 165. Daniel, i., No. 218, only 
gives st L; and Mono, No. 291, st i.-iii,, and 
a doxology diffiering from the florfeian. In 
the Saram use (see the Hymnarium Sarisb., 
1851, p. 92) it is the hymn at Compline from 
the Saturday in Easter week to the Festival 
of the Ascension. It is also directed that 
st. v., vi. are to he said at the end of every 
hymn of the same metre, only excepting 
" Chorus novae Hicrusalem," till the Ascen- 
sion, p. 11, ii, In order tho more accurately to 
distinguish this hymn from that by C. Coffin 
as above, we give the first stanza, in full ; — 
*' Jean Redemptor eaecult, 

Yerbuni P&trie alttHsgnii, 

Lux lucis invlsibills, 

Custoe tuorum pervlgll." fj. M.l 

Translations in C. U. :— 

1, Jean, the world's redeeming Lord, Of Sirs most 
high, 6c By W, J. Copeland, in his Hys. for 
the Week, 1848, p. 161, 

1, Jean, Who bnughteet redemption nigh* By 

J. M. Neale, in the Hymnal Noted, 1852, No, 30. 

I. Jasn, the wipzid's ledewjing Lord, The rather'* 



JESU, SHEPHERD OF THE 

Oft-eternal Word. This appeared in the trial, ed. 
of H. A. # M., 1859, and the eds. of 1861 and 
18T5. It is an altered form of W. J. Copeland's 
tr. as above. In Kennedy, 1863, the H, A. fy M. 
teit is slightly changed to " Thou, the world's 
redeeming Lord," 

4, Jesa, Bedeemer ef the earth. By E. F. 
Littledale in the People's /£, 1867, signed " F." 

6 , Jesn, the world's redeeming Lord, Sternal Son, 
co-equal Word, This tr. in the Hymnary, 1872, 
is Dr. Neale's tr. fta above, altered, together with 
a little from Copeland. 

Translations not in 0. TJ, ! — 

i. SaTlour Christ, Who all below. fljmmarftna Anpli- 
cantim, 1844. 

2. Jesu ! to earth the SavRmr given. J. D. Chamber!. 
1S5J. [J. J.] 

Jesu, saoerdotum deeus. GmUaume 
de la Bruneitire. {Common of Bishops.] Ap- 
peared in tho Cluniao Breviary, 1686, xl., 
"Commune Doctorum," nudagainintlio Paris 
Breviary, 1736, " Commune Pontifiotin)," at 
Lauds. The text is also in J. Cliandler's Hys. 
of the Primitive Church, 1837, No. 98, and 
Card, Newman's Hymni Eccletiae, 1838 and 
1865. IV. as :— 

Jesn, Thy priest* i eternal price. By E. Caswall, 
in his Masque of Mary, Ac, 1858, and his Hys. 
and Poems, 1873. It is given in the 1862 Ap- 
pendix to the /C. Noted, and also in several 
Roman Catholic hymn-books for missions and 
schools. 

Translations not in 0. TJ. j — 

1. Jesu, Who dtdst Thy pastor crown. I. Williams, 
in tbe Mritith J&otuifle, Nov. 183T, nnd his llys. tr. 
/rem tto Parisian Bret., IBM, p. 2SS. 

3. O Christ, Who art oar p&stor's Lord. J. Chandler, 
183J. 

3. Jesn, Honour of Thy priests. J. D. ChctmltTi, 
18*6. [J, J,] 

Jeeu, Saviour, Son of God, Bearer 
of the sinner's load. H. Bonar. [BekolA 
Bie Man.] Appeared in his Hye. of Faith and 
flbpe, 2nd series, 1861, in 36 lines, and headed, 
" Eeee Homo I " In Dale's English H. Bk., 
1874, it is abridged to 6 st of 4 1. It is a 
most suitable hymn for Passiontide, [J. J.] 

Jesu, shall I never beP C. Wesley, 
\The Mind of Christ desired.'] Pub. in Hyi. & 
Sac. Poems, 1742, p. 221, in 20 st of 4 1., and 
headed, " Let this Mind be inyou, which was 
also in Christ Jesus" (J*. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. ii. p. 276). A hymn therefrom of 13 st, 
beginning with the first, was given in the Wee. 
H. Bk., 1780, No. 345, and has been repeated 
in several other collections. There are also 
three additional centos in C. U. : (1) " Jesus, 
plant and root in me"; (2) " Jesus, root and 
fix in me " ; and (3) " God of Jesus, hear mo 
now." Tho last appeared in Martineau's 
Hymns, 1840. [J. J.] 

Jesu, Shepherd of the sheep, Thou 
Thy flock, &o. W. Hammond. [The Good 
Shepherd."] 1st pub. in his Pi., Hys. $ S. 
Songs, 1745, p. 73, in 1 1 st. of 4 1., and entitled 
" Christ the Shepherd." In 1783 B. Hill gave 
8 stinhisPs. & Zfyj.,a8No. 49, beginning: — 
" Jeens, Shepherd of the sheep, 
Gracious is Thine arm to keep." 

This was repeated in later collections^ In 
Cotterill's Ft. £ Hys., 1810-1819, another 
arrangement from Hammond as : — 
" Jesns, Shepherd of tbe Bbeep, 
Rnvertal is Thbie arm to keep." 



JESU, SOFT HARMONIOUS 

This is usually confounded with B. Hill's 
arrangement of Hammond's text. It is, how- 
ever, a distinct cento. [J. J.] 

Jesu, soft harmonious Wame. C. 
Wesley. [Prayer for Phfljf.] Given in By*. <£ 
Sac. Foemt, 1749, vol. ii p. 243, in 4 at of 8 1. 
(P. Workt, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 475). It was 
inoluded in the We*. B. Bk., 1780, No. 524, 
and has been repeated in several collections, 
and sometimes as " Jesus, West harmonious 
Namo," as in the Leedt B. Bk., 1833. In 
Martineau's Hmtmt, 1840 and 1873, st ii, is 
given as " Lord, subdue our selfish will." This 
forms a poetic gem of two Btansas, [J. J,] 

Jesu, the word of mercy give. C. 
Wesley. [Ember Day*. For Ministers^ Com- 
piled from his Short Byt. on SeUtt Postage* 
of B. Scripture*, 1762, as follows :— 

St. i„ il.. Short Byt., vol. L, No. Sss.on a Chron. vi. 41. 

St. 111,-vl., Start n$t, vol. I., No. 30), on Judgeev.31. 

In this form it was given in the Wes, H. Bk., 
1780, No. 434, and has passed into several 
later collections (Grig, text, P. Work*, 1866- 
72, vol. is.). [J. J.j 

Jesu, Thou art my Righteousness. 
C. Wesley. [Christ our Righteousness.] 1st 
pub. in Hyt. and Sao. Poems, 1740, p. 96, in 
6 st. of 4 1., and entitled " Christour Righteous- 
ness." It was repeated in J. "Wesley's Select 
Bye. with Tunes, 1761. The form, however, 
by whieh it is best known is that given to it 
by J. Wesley in the Wet. B. Bk, 1780, No. 
337, beginning with st. iiL, "For ever here 
my rest shall be." In tliis form it has become 
known in all English-speaking countries, and 
is in extensive use. It has alsobeen translated 
for use on Mission Stations. The original 
hymn was included in II. Jladan's Pt. & Bye., 
1760 ; A, M. Toplady's Pt. & Bye., 1776, and 
others, and was thus brought into use in the 
Church of England. It is sometimes dated 
174S in error. Another arrangement is that 
of st. iv., v. in the Beformed Dutch Bymn* of 
the Church, N. Y. 1869, as: "My dying 
Saviour and my God." Pleasing remini- 
scences of the Wet. B. Bk, form of the hymn 
and of its spiritual benefits to many persons 
are given in G. J. Stevenson's JSetk. B. Bk. 
Note*, 1883, p. 249. Grig, text in P. Workt, 
1868-72, vol. L p. 283. [J. J.] 

Jesu, to Thy table led. B. B. Baynes. 
[Holy Communion.'] Pub. in his Canterbury 
Hymnal, 1864, No. 227, in 7 st. of 8 L, and 
headed with the text, " To know the love of 
Christ, which passeth knowledge." It has 
passed into numerous hymnals, both In G. 
Britain and America. It is the most widely 
used of Canon Baynes's hymns. [J. J.] 

Jesus, and didst Thou condescend? 

[The Miracle) of Christ."] This hymn ap- 
peared in the Bristol Bapt, Colt of Ash & 
Evans, 1769, No. 224, in 5 st of 4 1., headed, 
"Imploring Mercy," and signed, "Am — a," 
In The Union Collection of Hymns and Sacred 
Odet, 4c, by J. Curtis, of Bristol, 1827, No. 
56, it was repeated in 4 St., and signed as in 
Ash <t Evan*. In this form it has passed into 
several collections, including the Neui Cong^ 
1859 ; Laudes Domini, N. X., 1884 ; and as 
" And didst Thou, Jesus, condescend ? " in the 
American Bapt. Bymn [and Tune] Bk-, 1871. 



JEStTS, AND SHALL IT EVER 595 

| As to the authorship; D. Sedgwick has given 
in his uss., "Amelia Curias, 1827," and on a 
fly-leaf of a copy of the 1827 ed. of Ash and 
Evan*, " Amelia Wakefbrd." The JVew Cong. 
gives " Bradley," and Laudes Domini "Mrs, 
Amelia Wakeford." Possibly this last may bo 
right; but we have no positive evidence either 
way (Sedgwick's contradiction of himself 
renders his evidence valueless), and must 
leave it as in Ath <fc Evan*, " Am — a." [J. J.] 

Jesus, and shall it ever he, J, Grigg. 
[Glorying in Jesu*.} The somewhat compli- 
cated history of this hymn begins with its 
publication by J. Grigg in his Four Hymn* on 
Divine Subject* wherein the PaHenee and Love 
of Our Divine Saviour ts displayed, 1765, us 
follows : — 

11 Jesus I and ■faall It ever be t 
A mortal man ashamed of Thee t 
Seom'd be the thought byrich end poor) 

may I sewn It man and more 1 
" Ashamed of Jesus I sooner far 

Let evening blush to own a star. 

Ashamed of Jesus l Jnst is soon 

Let midnight blush to think of noon. 
" Tis evening with my soul till He, 

That Morning Star, bids darkness fi«; 

He shede the beam of noon divine 

O'er all this midnight soul of mine. 
" Ashamed of Jesus ! shall yon fleld 

Blush when it thinks -who bids It yield! 

Yet blush I must, while I adore, 

1 blush to think I yield no more. 
" Ashamed of Jesus 1 of that Friend 

On Whom for heaven my hopes depend J 

It must not bs I be this my shame, 

That t no more revere His name. 
" Ashamed of Jesus 1 yes, I may, 

When I've no crimes to wash away ; 

No tear to wipe, no Joy to crave. 

No fears to quell, no eonl to save. 
'* Till then (nor Is the boasting vain), 

Till then I boast a Saviour stria : 

And oh, may this my portion be. 

That Saviour not ashamed of me I ■• 

These crude verses were given in an un- 
altered form in a few of the older hymn-books. 
It was soon found, however, that they colled 
for revision with the results following : — 

1. In the April number of the Gotpa Monotint, lfrM, 
It was given with alterations and the omission of 
st. til. and iv., with the heading, "Shame of Jesus 
conquerM by Love. By a Youth of Ten Yearn." It 
was without signature, and began, " Jesus I and con It 
ever be." We believe that Vats was the Jtrtt instance 
In which it wae set forth that it was written at ten years 
of age ; and we have failed to find any evidence other 
than this lor the statement. In the Jttth. Free CkurCK 
S. Bk. 1880, it Is altered to * Lord Jesus t can it ever 
be." 

a. The second version of the text wea given in 
Eippon's Bap. Set., 1T3J, No. 461, where It Is stated to 
have been " AUeied by S. ffrancit." The sUerattaoe 
are somewhat eitenelve, st. iv. is omitted, and a new 
statue is added (" His institutions would I prize," 4c.), 
This text may be distinguished by st. 1. :— 
" Jesus ! and shall it ever be 
A mortal man oshem'd of Thee J 
Ai&ow'd o/ Thee, Whom anattt vroite, 
ITtoag fortes thine through endless day*." 

3, The th'rd version which we have traced Is In 
J. Kentpthornefe Select Pertiont ef Pt. . . . and Hut., 
fee., 1810, p. lis, In 4 St., and beginning. " Asbam'J of 
Jesus I Can it be r " This was taken from the Ootpd 
Maoatine, as above, with the omission of Its et. ii., and 
Blight alterations. It wae repeated in Elliott's Pi. <C 
Hyi., 1S3B, and later collections, sometimes with #m 
changed to ihall. 

*. Thl/ourti version begins : — 

" iferwJ Redeemer'. «nn'(be 
Thatttnnert are ashamed of Thee?" 
This was fttven In 4 st to Cotterill's At., 8th ed., :si», 
Ko. 81. This text wea altered from that iu the Gnpel 
Magazine, and was a failure. 



596 JESUS, ARISE WITH SAVING 

6, The flftb version la a recast by Bp. VF . W. How, ana 
iru printed lu the 8. P. C. K. Ilyi.fer Occwsvmal Service!. 
No. i, 1BSS, In !t at. of * 1. It ii also hi the S. P. C. K. 
sheet of ilyt.for Jfisiim gerpCce*. It begins j — 
" Ashamed of Thee ! O dearest Lord, 
1 marvel bow finch wrong can be j 
And yet haw oft In deed and word 
Hare I been found ashamed of Thee ! " 
It ia a. good mission hymn, hut ft hoe ltttle tu common 
with that by Qrlgg. 

Other and somewhat minute changes have 
been introduced into the text by various 
hymn-book compilers, but these are the moat 
important, and practically cover the whole 
ground. [J. J.] 

Jeans, arise with saving might. 

{Minions.] This hymn appeared in Kemble's 
Pa. & Hys., 1853, No. 479, in 3 at of 4 1„ as a 
"Prayer for the Heathen," aud ascribed to 
" Burks." It was repeated in later editions of 
the Ps. <fe Hys., and in Kemble's tfeio Church 
H. Bk., 187K, with the samo signature. It is 
not in Professor Birks's Companion Psalter, 
1874, and was not received by him as his 
composition. If his, the fact had faded from 
his memory (B. MSB.), [J. J.] 

Jesus, at Thy command. {Life a 
Voyage — Chrut the Pilot.] This hymn is in 
an undated edition of Lady Huntingdon's Call. 
of Hymns, pnb. at Bath about 1771. It is 
No. 136, in 7 at. of 6 1. It is also given in 
Coughlan's 1775 Appendix to J. Bailee's 
[q. v,] Select Collection of Fs. <fc Eye., No. 311, 
where it is entitled, " The Believer's Pilot." 
In 1776 it reappeared in A. M. Toplndy's Pi. & 
Byt., No, 312, in De Courcy's Cotl., 2nd ed., 
1782, and again in later hymn-boohs. In 
modern collections it is sometimes attributed 
to Toplady, and again to De Couroy (q. v.), 
but in error. It is associated with tho Lady 
Huntingdon Connexion from the first, and is 
possibly by one of that denomination. A part 
of this hymn is given in the American Church 
Postanal, Boston, 1864, as, "By faith, I see 
the land." It begins with st, v., and is taken 
from Toplody'a Ps. & Hys, as above. [J. J.] 

Jesus, behold trie wise from far. 
{Hymm to Christ."] This hymn in its original 
form appeared in J. Austin's Devotions in the 
Atitient Way of Offices, &o., 1668 ; again in 
Theophilns Borringtoti'a ed, of the Barne, 
1686 ; and Lady Susauua Hopton's ed., 1687. 
The form by which it is known to modern 
hymn-books was given to it by J. Wesley, and 
appeared in his Coll, of Fs, & Hyt. pub. at 
CharleB-Town, 1736-7, Mo. 17, as a " Hymn to 
Christ," in 6 st of 6 1. {P. Worht, 1868-72, 
vol. i. p. 116). This form of tho hymn is in 
0. IT. in G. Britain and America, and some- 
times in an abbreviated form. Its designation 
is "X Austin, 1668; J. Wesley, 1736." [J. J.] 

Jesus, bestow the power. C. Wesley. 
[In Temptation.] Pub. in Hys. 4 Sac Poem*, 
1749, vol. ii., in « st. of 8 L, as No. 7 of 
"Hymns for the Watchnight" (P. World, 
1868-72, vol. v. p. 269). When included in 
the Wei. H. Etc., 1780, No. 302 (ed. 1875, No, 
311)^ st. i. was omitted, and some slight 
changes in the text were made. This text, 
whioh begins, "Bid me of men beware," is 
that in O. U. in G. Britain and America. In 
the American Church Pastorals, 1861, it reads, 
"Lord, let me calmly wait." [J, J.} 



JESUS CHKIST IS BIBBS 

Jesus calls us; [mid] o'er the tu- 
mult. Ceeii J 1 . Alexander, nee Humphrey), 
{St. Andrew.] Contributed to the S. P. C. K. 
Hymna,&c., 1852, No. H6,in5stof 41. Its 
use has become very extensive in most English- 
speaking countries. Usually tlie original text 
is followed, but here and there slight varia- 
tions are introduced, as, for instance, in H. A. 
& M., where st. iy. 1. 4, reads, " That we love 
Him more than these," for "Christian, love 
Me more than these." In 1871 a mutilated 
text was given in the S. P. C. E. Church 
Hymns. This led to a revision of the original 
bv Mrs. Alexander, which was given in the folio 
ed, 1881, and later editionsof Church Hys., as 
Mrs. Alexander's authorised text It is easily 
recognised by the refrain of st i.-iii, " Softly, 
clearly—' Follow Me.' " This text differs 
very materially from the original, and in com- 
parison with it, will commend itself to very 
few. In the Anglican B. Bk., 1868, the open- 
ing line reads, "Jeaus call us, mid the tu- 
mult" Other alterations are also introduced 
very much to the injury of the hymn. fJ.J.] 

Jesus came ; the heavens adoring, 

O. Thring. {Second AdvznL] Pnb. in Chopo's 
Hymnal, 1864, No. 155, in 5 st of 6 1., and in 
the author's Hub. Congregational and Other*, 
1866, p. 9 ; liis Hys. and Sac. Lyrics, 1874, 
p. 28 ; and his Coll., 1882, It has passed into 
numerous hymn-books in Great Britain and 
America, and is one of the most widely used 
of Prebendary Thring's compositions. In the 
American Bapt. Praise Bk., 1871, it is given 
in an abridged form, beginning with st. iiL, 
"Jesus comes to souls rejoicing. The textia 
slightly modified throughout . [J. J.] 

Jesus Christ from highest heaven. 

8, Baring-Gould. {Second Advent] Written 
in 1865, and first printed in the Church Timet 
of that year. In 1 867 it was included in the 
People's H, in 8 st of 4 1., and classed with' 
the General hymns. It has since passed into 
several collections. [J. J,] 

Jesus Christ is risen to-day. Batter. 

This version of the anonymous Latin hymn, 
" Surrexit Christus hodie," ia first found in a 
scarce collection entitled : — 

Lyra Datidica, or a CoUeetivn qf Divijit Songt and 
Hynnt, portly new eompotea, partlg Irantktlcd frvm 
the SigK German and Latin m/natt t and tet to easy 
and pSeaumt tuna. London : J. Walsh, 1708. 

Of the history of this collection nothing is 
known, but the character of its contents may 
perhaps lead to the supposition that it was 
compiled by some Anglo-German ot the 
pietist school of thought The text in Lyra 
Davidica, 1708, p. 11, is as follows : — 

" Jesus Christ Is risen to day, Halle-Hatte-luJah. 
Our triumphant Holyd&y 
Wbo so lately on the Cross 
GaSer*d to redeem our loss. 

" Hast ye females from your fright 
Take Co Galilee your flight 
To hia aad dbctolea say 
Jesus Christ Is risen to day. 

" In oni Paschal joy and ftaat 
Let the Lord of life be blest 
Let the Holy Trine be prale'd 
And thankful hearta to heaven be ralaM." 

We subjoin the original Latin for the purr 
pose of comparison ;— 



JEBUS CHRIST IS RIBEH 

De Eaurrtctioni Domini. 
1. " Snrnitl Christus bodie 

Humano pro solamlne. 

Alleluia. 
X ** If ortem qnl panne corpore. 

Mlserrlmo pro homme. Al. 
a, " Hulietsa ad tnmulum 

Lona ferunt aromstum. 
*. [" Quasrentes Jeatuu domiuum, 

tjfui est salvator bomlnum.J 

5. « Album videutes sngelam 

Annundantem gsudlum: 

6, [** Mulieree o tnmultt, 

Id Galilaeam perjfite !] 
I. " Msclpulls hoc diclte, 
Quod surrexit rtx gloria. 

8. " [Petto dehinc et ceteris 

Apparuit apostolls.j 

9. " Paschali pteoo gandio 

Benedicsmus Domino. 

10. ['• Gloria tibd domlne, 

Qui surrexistl a morte.] 

11. [" Laudator Mucin Trinitss, 

Deo dleamus grsUas."] 

The oldest Latin text known is that given 
by Jfone, No. 113, from a Munich ms. of tho 
iilh cent. Tliis MS. does not contain st. 4, 6, 
8, 10, 11 (enclosed in brackets above). Of 
these st. C, 11 are found in a Breela.ii us., cir 
1478; and st. 4, 8, 10 in the Sprier 6. £. 
(Roman Catholic), 1600. Tho Breslau us. has 
the following readings: — ii. 1. 1, pridie (not 
corpore); v. L 1, cementet ; ix.1. 1, Inhoc pat~ 
dial* gaudio. [Bee note on Snnexit Ohristns 
hodle.J 

The modem form of the hymn appears first 
In Arnold's CompUat Ptcdmoditt, 2nd od.. pt. 
iv., 1749, where the first stanza of 1708 is 
alone retained, and stanzas 2 and 8 are re- 
placed fay new ones written without any 
reference to the original Latin. This recast 
it as follows : — 

" Jssoa Christ Is rta'n today. Hiltelujah. 
Oiir triumphal boiyday 
Who did once upon the Cmee 
Buffer to redeem our Lou, 

" symnt of praitet htutting 
Unto CKrist our Aeaootty Ming 
Who enditr'd the Crou and Oram 
Sinntrt to redeetH and saw. 

" But thentin that he endured 
Our Satiation hat procured 
Jfow above the Bby he*t Xinq 
Where the Angelt («r Una. ' 

Variations of this form are found in several 
collections. The following is in Keropthoroe's 
Beket Portion* of Psalms, &c., 1810 :— 

" HTHN nxXXII- 

" Benefits ofCbrlsL'a Resurrection to sinners. 
" Eom. Iv. SS. 
*' For Batter Day, 
'• Jesus Christ I* ris'n to day i 
Nov he gaina triumphant away j 
Who bo lately on the crou 
SuflerM to redeem our loss. 

Hiilelnjah. 
*' Hymns of praises let us slue, 
Hynnis to Christ our heav'nly King, 
who sndurM both crou and grave. 
Sinners to redeem sod save. 

Hsllelujsh. 
" Eat the pains, which he endur'd, 
Our salvation have procurMj 
Now He reigns shore the sky, 
Where the angels ever cry 

Hallelujah." 

The next form is that which was given to 
it in the Supplement to Tate & Brady. This 
was added to the Supplement about 1816. [Bee 
V*w Version, § it.] This text is ; — 



JESUB CHBIST, MY LORD 597 

" Jesus Christ la risen to-day, 
Our triumphant holy day j 
Who did once, upon the cross, 
Suffer to redeem our loss. 

Hallelujah. 
" Hymns of praise then let us slug 
Unto Christ our heavenly King : 
Who endur'd the cross and Erajvc, 
Sinners to redeem and aavo. 

Hallelujah. 
" But the pains which He endured 
Our salvation hath procured: 
Now above the sky He's King, 
Where tho angela evtr ainsj. 

Hallelujah." 
To this has been added by an unknown 
hand the following doxology : — 

" Now tie God the Father praie'd, 
With the Son from death upraWd, 
And the Spirit, ever blest ; 
One true Clod, by all coufest. 

Ballelojih." 

This doxology, from SchafTs Christ in Song, 
1870, p. 198, is In tho H. Comp. and one or 
two other collections. 

Another doxology is sometimes given, as in 
Lord Selborne'sKooAo/i'raiw, 1862, Turing's 
CoB., 1882, and otliers, as follows :— 
" Sing we to our God above — Hallelujsh I 
Praise eternal ss His love ; Hallelujah r 
ftmive Him all ye heavenly host, Hallelujah 1 
Father, Son, and Holy Gnost. Hallelujah 1 " 

This Li by O. Wesley. It appeared in the 
Wesley Hut. * Sae. Poemt, 1740, p. 100; 
again in Gloria Pairi, &e. t or Hymns to tie 
Trinity, 1746, and again in tho P. Work*. 
1868-72, vol. iii. p. 345. 

Tho above text from Tate and Brady's 
Sttppt., cir. 1816, is that adapted by the leading 
hymn-books in all English-speakntg countries, 
with iti aomo cases tho anonymons doxology, 
and in others with that by C. Wesley. It 
mast ho noted that this liymn sometimes 
begins: — 

" Christ loo Lord, Is risen to day 
Our triumphant holy dsy." 

This must be distinguished from ; — 
" Christ the Lord, la risen to-day, 
Sous of men and angele aay, N 
by C. Wesley (p. Its, i.) ; and, 

" Christ the Lord, is risen to-day, 
Christians, haste your vows to pay : " 

a tr. of " Yictitnae Paschali *' (q, v.), by Miss 
Leeson; and, 

" Christ the Lord, is risen to-day, 
He is risen indeed:" 

by Mrs, Van AMyne (cj. v.). 

Another arrangement of ■* Jesns Christ is 
risen to-day " is given in T. Durling's Hymn*, 
&c, 1887. This text is st. i., ii., Tate A Brady 
Supml., with a return in st. i. 1. 3, to the older 
reading ; and st. iiL, iv. by Mr. Darling. 

It may not be out of place to add, with 
reference to this hymn, that the tune to which 
it hi set in Arnold, and to which it is still sung, 
Is that published with it in Lyra Dattidiea. 
The tune is also anonymous, and was pro- 
bably composed for the hymn. The ascription 
of it by some to Henri/ Carey is destitute 
ofany foundation whatever, while Dr. Worgan, 
to whom it has been assigned by others, was 
not born until after the publication of Lura 
Davidiea. [G. A. C.J 

Jesns Christ, my Lord and Saviour. 

Jane Taylor. [Chrid, the Children'*- Example.'] 
Bub. in Hyt. for Infant Hind*, by Anne and 



698 JfiSUS CHRISMS, NOSTHA 

Jane Taylor, 1810, in 6 st. of 41., andheadod, 
" The Example of Christ " (ed. 1886, p. 99). 
It has attained to great popularity, arid is in 
extensive use in G. Britain and America. In 
gome American hymnals, including Beeoher's 
Plymouth CoU., 1855, 11. 8, 4 of st. ii.— 
" But the Lord w meek sad lowly, 
Pure ud epotless, free from sin/' 

is added as a refrain to each stanza, with line 
4 as " And was never known to sin." This 
reading of this line is repeated in some English 
collections, including Mrs. Brock's Children's 
H. Bk., 1881. [J- J.] 

Jesus Christua, nostra salus. J. Bus ! 

[Holy Communion.] This hymn has been as- 
cribed to Hus, and is included in the £To»u- 
mentorum Joannis Hut altera pari, Ntirnberg, 
1558, but his authorship is at least doubtful. 
Waekernagel, vol. L, gives three forms, No. 
367, in 10 st from a Munich lis. of the 15th 
cent.; No. 368 from the 1558, as above, in 9 
St. ; No. 369 from Leisentritt's G. B. (K. C), 
1581, in 7 st The last text is also in Daniel, 
ii. 870. In his Cantiones Boltemieae, Leipzig, 
1886, preface, pp. 22, 31, 43, &c, G. SI.Dreves 
discusses the authorship, and cites it as in 10 
st., in a MS. cir. 1410, belonging to the Abbey 
of Hohenfurth ; In a Gradual, cir. 142CI in the 
Bohemian Musenm at Prag, &c. The text of 
Leisentritt's €f. B., 1584, is tr. as ; — , 

Jesus Ohrfit aur true salvation. By R. F. Little- 
dale, in the 2nd ed. of Lyra Eucharistica, 1864, 
p. 354> and the People's H., 1867. 

This hymn has also passed into English 
through tlie German, viz. : — 

Tesua *Oariiitui usaer Hedlaad, Dor voa una den 
Gottoa Zorn wandt, This is by M. Luther, and 
1st appeared in Eyn Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524, 
in 10 at. of 41., entitled "The Hymn of St. John 
Hus improved Thence in Waekernagel, iii. 
p. 9. Also in Schircks's ed. of Luther's Geistl. 
Lieder, 1854, p. 70 ; in the Um. L. 8., 1851, 
No. 279, &c. Only St. i. is nt all directly taken 
from the Latin, so that if Luther " improved " 
the hymn he did so by superseding it. Tr. as ; — 

Lord Java Ohrirt ! to Thee we pray, From us, 
In full, by W. M. Reynolds, in the Evang. He- 
view, Gettysburg, Oct., 1849, repeated as No. 
264 in the Ohio Luth. HyL, 1880. 

Other tra. are, (1) "OurSavlonrChrLgt,KlDgof graced' 
In tbe Oudt and Ba&u, BaUaUt, ed. 1B6B, f. 9 (1869, 
p. IB, (2) "Our Saviour Christ by His own death," 
as No. araiiiPt. t. of the Moravian H. Bk., 1764. (3) 
" To avert from men God's wrath," by C. I. Latrobe, as 
No. BBT in the Jfomufan a, Bk., Was (1B49, No. 969). 
In tbe ed. of 18SS, No. S73, It beglus, "That we never 
should forget" (st. 110 1 (4) " Jesua Christ, ourS&vionr, 
Who," by J. Anderion, 1B4S, p. 13. In hts ed. 1847, 
p. SB, altered to " Christ our Lord and Saviour " ; (6) 
" Jesus the Christ— the Lamb of Gody' by Dr. J. Hunt, 
1853, p. loa. («} " Christ who freed our eonls from 
danger," by R. Xastie, 1864, p. TS, and In Dr. Bacon, 
1UB4, p. 30. (?) "Christ Jesus, our Bedeemer born," 
bj Vi. a. Macdonald la the Sunday Magazine. 1867, 
p. a*o, and hie Ezotict, 18JS, p. 103. [J, JJ.] 

Jesus Christua, unser Heiland, Car 
den Tod iiberwand. M. Luther. [Stater.] 
1st pub. in Eyn Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524, in 
3 st of 4 L, eaoh stanza ending witli " Kyri- 
eleyson." . Thence in Waekernagel, iii. p. 11. 
Also in Schiroks's ed. of Lnther's Geistl. 
Lieder, 1854, a 24, the Vnv. L. E„ 1851, 
No. 139, &c Tr. as :— 

1. Christ, our Lord, -who died to tare. By J. 
Anderson, in his H.from the German of M. Lviker, 



JESUS, I LOVE THY 

1846, p. 13 (18*7, p. 38), repeated, unaltered, 
in the Leeds H. £k. t 1853, No. 315. 

S. Jesus Christ, oar treat Bedeemer. By A. T, 
Russell, as No. 105 in his Ps. # Hys., 1851. 

3. Jesus Christ to-day la linen. By R, Massie, 
in his M. Luther's Spir. Songs, 1854, p. 15, re- 
peated in Reid's Praise Bk., 1872, the Ohio Lath. 
Hyl. t 1880, &C, 

Other tra. are, (1) " See I triumphant over death," by 
ilia Fry, 1816, p. 11. (2) "Christ the Lord (o-day la 
risen," by Dr. J. Hunt, 1%S3, p. 43. (3) ■■ Jesus Christ, 
our Saviour true," by Dr. G. Macdonald in tbe Sunday 
Magazine, 186T, p. 332, repeated, altered, in bis Scotiei, 
1876, p. 64. (4) « Christ the Saviour, our Prince alt- 
hailed," by JV: L.froi&ingham, 1870. (B) " Jesus Christ 
who came to save," in Dr. Bacon, 1884. [J, M.] 

Jesus, exalted fur on high. T. Cot- 

teriU. [Circumcision. The Holy Name, Jesus.'] 
Fub. in the Utioxeter Sel., 1805, and again in 
Cotterill's Sel. of Ft, <£ Hyt., 1st od., 1810, in 
5 st of 4 L It has attained to extensive use, 
and is usually given In an unaltered form, as 
in the Oxford ed. of Mercer's Oh. Psalter & 
H.Bk. In Kenixdjf, 1863, No. 605, "OTbon 
Who in the form of God," is an altered form 
of a part of this hymn, and begins with 
Still [See BtaBwdahlre HTmn-BookaJ [J. J.] 

Jesus, full of all compassion. D. 

Turner. [Lent.] Appeared in the Bristol 
Bap. Coll. of Asli A Evans, 1769, No. 223, in 
10 st. of 4 1., headed " The Supplication," 
and signed " D. T." It was repeated in full 
in Eippon's Sel., 1787, No. 295 ; and again in 
later collections. It is in a large number of 
modern hymn-books in G. Britain and America, 
but usually in an abridged form. It is justly 
regarded as Turner's finest hymn. [J. J.] 

Jeans, gentlest [holy] Saviour, God of 
might, &o. F.W.Faber. [Holy Communion.'] 
This hymn of "'Thanksgiving after Commu- 
nion " was pub. in Mb Oratory Hymns, N.D. 
[1854], No. 20, in 12 st. of 4 1. ; and again iu 
his Hymns, 1862, No. 91. It is given in its 
full form in some Roman Catholic hymn-books 
for Missions and Schools, and altered and 
abbreviated in various collections, including 
(1) the S. P. C. K. Church Hymns, 1871, as 
"Jesu, Lord and Saviour"; <2) J. G. Gre- 
gory's Bonchureh EC. Bk., 1868, as "Jesus, 
holy Saviour": (3) Mrs. Brock's Children's 
H.Bk„ 1881, as '• Jesn, gentlest Saviour"; 
and (4) Murtineau's Hymns, 1873, as " Father, 
gracious Father," In Nicholson's Appendix 
Hyl., 1866, the hymn is divided into two 
parts, Vt. ii. beginning "Jesu, dear Be- 
deemer." In these various forms its use is 
extensive, [J. J.] 

Jesus, I love Thy charming Name. 
P. Doddridge. [Jesus precious to the Believer.] 
In the d. mss. this hymn is No. 56, is entitled 
" Christ precious to the Believer," and is 
dated " Oct. 23, 1717." It was given by J. 
Orion in his ed, of Doddridge's (posthumous) 
Hymns, &c, 1755, No. 335, with the same 
title, and in 5 st. of 4 1., and was repeated in 
J. D. Humphreys's edition of the same, 1839, 
No. 361. At an early date exception was 
taken to the opening line, " Jesus, I love Thy 
charming Name " ; and in modern hymn- 
hocks the result is seen in tbe text being 
changed to " Jesus, I love Thy soared Name," 
and to "Jesus, I love Thy saving Name." 



JESUS, I MY CBOSS 

The former of these two is a successful altera- 
tion. [J. J.] 

Jesus, I my cross have taken. H. 
F. Lyte, [Hope.] This hymn is found in a 
volume of Sacred Poetry, Edinburgh, Olipbant 
& Sons, 3rd ed., 1824, in 6 st of 8 1., headed 
" Lo ! we have left all, and followed Thee," 
and signed "G." In 1825, it appeared in 
Montgomery's Christian Psalmist, No. 94, with 
the same signature; in W. CaruB Wilson's 
Family Visitor, May, 1826, without signature ; 
in Hys. for Private Deration, Land., Hatch' 
ard, 1827, also without signature; and then 
in Lyte's Poems Chiefly Religious, 1883, p. 41, 
hot in a slightly different form, and as given 
in Lord Selborue's 3k. of Praise, 1802, p. 402. 
In an abbreviated form it has passed into 
numerous collections in most English-speak- 
ing countries. It is also altered and broken 
up as ; — 

]. "Church of God, by Christ's salvation," 

SL " Jesus, we onr Cross have taken." 

3. (l Know, my soul, thy full salvation." 

4. " Saviour, I my cross have taken." 

fi. "Take.my son!, thy fall salvation." [J. J.] 

Jesus, I slug Thy matchless grace. 
P. Doddridge. [Jesus, ike Head of the Church.] 
This hymn begins in tlie d. us., "Jesus, I 
men Tby matchless grace." It is entitled 
"Christ our Head," and is undated. It was 
given with the first line as above in J. Orton's 
posthumous ed. of Doddridge's Hymns, 1755, 
No. 290, in 5 st. of 4 L, and the title changed 
to " Christ the Head of the Church," andagflin 
in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the same, 1889. 
The 1755 text is that in C. U. [J. J.] 

Jesus, immortal King, arise. A. 0. 

H. Seymour, [Missions/) This hymn appeared 
in the author's Vital Clirlstianity exhibited in 
a Series of Letters on tte most Important 
Subjects of Beligion, addressed to Young 
Persons, 1810, in 7 st. of 4 1. In the Coll. 
of Ps. & Hue. by Henry Foster Burder 
(not George Burder (q.v.) as usually under- 
stood, but his sou), st. i.-iii., and vii. were 
given anonymously as " Jesus, immortal King, 
arise." This was repeated in the New Cong., 
1859, as by "Burder." Several American 
collections copied from the Nets Cong., and 
hence the association of Burder's name with 
the hymn. In Bickerateth's Christian Psal- 
mody, 1833 (in 5 at.), and several other hyinn- 
books it is given without signature. * It is 
sometimes attributed to "Norte Coll." and 
ngain to others. The 5-st arrangement, as in 
Biehersteth, 1833, is in use in America. 

[J. J.] 
Jesus, immortal King, go on [dis- 
play]. T. Kelly. [Missions.^ Appeared in 
Kelly's Coll. of 1's. & Hys. &o„ Dublin, 1802, 
No. 252 (the second hymn with the same 
number), in 5 st. of 4 1.; and again in his 
Hymns, &e., 1804 (ed. 1853, No. 532). Its 
use iu this form is mainly confined to America. 
In Alford's Ps. & Hys, 1844, No. 41, and his 
Year of Praise, 1867. it was given as " Jesus, 
immortal King, display." [J. J.] 

Jesus Is God, the solid earth, F. W. 

Faber. [The Godhead of Jesus.] This is given 
in his Hymns, 1862, p. 33, in 7 st. of 8 ]., with 
the title "Jesus is God," In Nicholson's Ap- 
pendix Hyl., 186G, it is divided into two h jmns, 



JESUS LEBT, MIT IHM 699 

tlie second being "Jesus is Godi alas to 
think." Another arrangement is in American 
C. U., as in Hatfield's Church H. Blc., 1872, 
and others. This begins with "Jesus ia Godi 
The glorious band Of golden angels sing." 

[J. J.] 
Jesus is our great salvation. J. 
Adams. [Election.'] Pub. in the Gospel Ma- 
gazine, May, 1776, in 6 st. of 6 1., and signed 
"J. A." In 1787 it was given in Eippon's 
Bap. Set., No. 108, in 5 st., and with tho 
author's name. After J. Adams (q.v.) was 
expelled from (he Baptist denomination, the 
hymn was continued in Rippon, but the 
author's name was withdrawn. The hymn is 
found in several modern hymn-books of a 
marked Calviuistio type, as Snepp's Songs p/ 
G. 6c G., 1872, &c This and other hymns by 
Adams were identified by hit sou, the Eev. S. 
Adams, sometime Vicar of Thornton, Leicester- 
shire, (s. MSB.) [J. J,] 

Jesus, lead us with Thy power. 

W. Williams, [In Temptation — Security in 
Jems.] Pub. in bis Gloria in Exeelsis; or 
Hys. of Praise, &c, 1772, No. 35, in 3 st. of 
8 1. In modern hymn-books it is usually 
given as " Jesus, lead me by Thy power. 
Original text in LordSolborne'siffc of Praise, 
1862. [J. J.] 

Jesus lebt, mit ihm auch ich. C. F. 

Gellert. [Easier.] 1st pub. in bis Getstliehe 
Oden undLieder, Leipzig, 1757, p. 147, iu 6 
st. of 6 I., entitled "Easter Hymn/' The key- 
note of thii, one of Gellerfs finest hymns, is 
St. John liv, 19. It is iu the metre and has 
reminiscences of "Jesus, meiue Zuversioht" 
(see Lain Henrietta), but has yet a genuius 
lyric character of its own. It passed into the 
Berlin G. B., 1765, and almost all later Ger- 
man bymn-books, and is No. 304 in the Berlin 
G. L. S., ed. 1863. Since 1861 hardly a 
hymn-book of importance lias appeared in 
English-speaking countries without containing 
some version of it. 

Originally written and still generally used for Easier, 
It is very appropriate for use hy the dying, or for the 
consecration of a grave-yard. It has often recently been 
Bung at funeral services, e.g. at the Lord Alayor'a 
funeral (O. S. Nonage), in St. Paul's, April IS, 18SS; at 
that for Bishop McDoug&ll of Labuan, In Winchester 
Cathedral, Nov. IB, 18M, Slc. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Jesus Uvea, an* u thaU I. A full and good 
tr. by Dr. J. D. Lang, in his Aurora Australis, 
Sydney, 1826, p. 57. This is found ia full in 
America in the Plymouth Coll., 1855, and Can- 
tate Domino, 1859 ; and, abridged, in the Dutch 
Reformed Hys. of the Oitu-ch, 1869, Btipt. H. 
Bk., 1871, &c. 

2. Jesus lives ! no longer now. A full and very 
good tr. by Miss Coi, in her Sacred II. from the 
German, 1841, p. 35. She revised it for Lyra 
Messkmiea, 1864, p. 275, and still further for 
her II. from the German, 1864, p. 81. It has 
come into very general use ia English-speaking 
countries In the following forms: — 

(l) In the original metre. From tie is*i it pissed, 
more or less altered and abridged, hitd the Dalstou Hos- 
pital B.Ble., 181S; M. far the Ch. 0/ Christ, Boston, 
U. S., 18SS ; PlyvunttK affl., IMS (in the last It begins 
« Jesus lives, thy terrors now "\ &o. Iu later books the 
text of ISM Is generally followed, as in the Scottish 
■I'm*. ITyl, IMS; Cong. Hyt., lSBJ; Canadian Frcsb. 
H. 8k., leao, Sc. 



COO JESUS, LOED OF LD?E AND 

(a) In 5,87.8.1 metre. Tbis, the moat popular form 
of the hymn, wu given in Rorieon'a Byt* it ^nffcem*. 
IftSl, and rei>?ated in Murray's JTymnal, 1BB2. The two 
last line* of each stonsa were omitted, " Alleluia " was 
Added to each stanza, *nd the lext was considerably 
Altered. Horizon gives in order st. !., ii r , iv.-vi,, while 
the 1*51 nearly follows his text, bnt gives in order st. i., 
vi., iv., v., ii,, and adds a doxology. To follow out the 
variation of text and order in later books would bo be- 
wlldering, the most usual form being that given in Mur- 
ray's Hymnal, IBM, repeated (without the doxology) in 
H.A.&M,, 1861. The H.A. AM, text (with Dr.fjaunt- 
lett's beautiful tune St. Albinua) has passed into very 
nuny English, American, and other hymn-books. 

The principal forms in the 7.8.7.8.4. metre 
which do not begin with the original first line 
are: — 

(a) Jtnu lives ! Thy tenon now Can no longer, 
Death, appal us, In Churek Bys„ 1671, ox. Otherwise 
this la the B. A. £ M. text. 

(b> Jean* lives ! thy tsrmra saw Can, Death, no 
men appal tut, tn Taring's Colt., 1SS0-S2, Mere at. 1. 
L 2, was altered with Miss Cox's consent in order to 
avoid an apparent denial of the resurrection of Jesus 
which some musical aettlnga of the opening Line might 
produce. Otherwise (st. iti. being omitted) the lext and 
order of her 1SB4 version are nearly followed. 

(c) Jeans lives! henceforth ia death (at. 11.) in Al- 
fords Year of Pmitt, IBM. 

(d) Jeans lives ! to Bin the throne (st. v.). In Itorl- 
son's all., ed. i860. 

8. Jesus lives ; I Uve with Him. A good and 
full tr. by Dr. J. Guthrie, in his Sacred Lyrics, 
1869, p. 121, repeated in the Ibrox HyL, 1871. 

The tra, net in 0. V. are, (1) " My Saviour lives ! I 
will rejoice," by Lady E. Forteictu, 1943 (1869, p. 19), 
(I) " Jesus Uveal With Him shall I," by MUi Warner, 
1869 (1BJ1, p. 18). In Sir John Bowrlng's Matins and 
Vespers, 3rd ed., 1841, p. 331, there is a hynm tn 3 at. 
of 8 I., beginning " Jesus lives, and we in Him," which 
Is hated on Gellert. This previously appeared as K o. 1 50 
In J. K. Beard's Coll., 1831. [J. M.] 

Jesua, Lord of life) and glory. Bend 
from, &o. J, J, Cummins. [Lent.] A 
sweet and musical Littiny, which appeared in 
his Poetical Meditations and Hymn*, 1 839, in 
7 st. of 4 1., with the refrain, "By Thy mercy, 

deliver us, Good Lord." In 1819, it was 
reprinted iu his Hymn», Meditations, and 
Other Poems, Ion., Boyston & Brown, pp. 2G- 
27. It is in C. U. as :— 

(1) Orlg, text, at, i„ iii.-vii., with "our Bopc," for 
'< our Roclc," in B. A. A M., 186s and 18JS. 

(2) " Jesu, Lord of life and glory," As in H. A, A 
JT„ with change to Jesu only in the Bvmnary, 1372, 

fS) " Jesus, Tjorcl, we kneel before Thee." In the 
5atitt>ury n. Bk., ISSJ, No. It, with the alteration of 
the first line, the omission of at. v. and the addition 
of st. vli. The some text was repeated in Kennedy, 
1863, the Anglican B. Bk., 1868, and in the 1809 Appen- 
dix to the S. P. C. K. Ft. A fljii. 

(l) The Rame first line, bnt composed of St. 1., ill., lv., 
vl., and vli., in Chop's Iltpnnal, 1864, and Thring's 

O/ll., 1981. 

(6) Tlie same text as Salisbury B. St., with "Jeiv." 
fbr "Jesus," iu The I'arisk If. Bk., 1863 and 1873, 
Surum, 186*. kc. 

The sub-title of the Hymn*, Ac,, of 18(9, and 
by which the book is generally known, is 
Lyra Evangeliea. Orig. text therein. [J. J.] 

Jesus, Master, Wxiose I am. Franca 
B. Havergal. [Servant of Christ.] Written 
for her nephew, J. H. Sliaw, in Deo,, 18G5, 
printed aa a leaflet (Parlanc's Series), and then 

Sab. in her Ministry of Song, 1869, and the 
/ife Mosaic, 1879. tn the original us. it U 
divided, at. i.-iii, being " Jesus, Master, Whose 

1 am," and at. iv. vi., " Jesus, Master, Whom I 
serve" The hymn is suitable for Confirma- 
tion, or fur personal Consecration to Christ. 

[J. J.] 



JESU8, MY LOED, MY 

Jesus, my all, to heaven is gone. *. 

Cennick, [Jesus the Way.] Appeared in his 
Sac, Hys. for the Use of Religious Societies, 
1743, No. 64. in 9 st. of 4 1 In 1760, M. Ma- 
dan included 8 stanzas in his Pt. it Hys., 
No. 17. Tbis text in a more or less correct 
form bos been handed down to modem hymn- 
books, including Common Praise, 1879, and 
others. Orig. text in Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 133. 

[J. J.] 

Jesus, my kind and gracious Friend, 
B. Burnha/tn. [Jesus the Sinners' Friend.] 
Appeared iu the 4th ed. of his Hys. Parti- 
cularly designed for the Congregation meeting 
in Grafton Street, Solio. 1796, No. 202, in 6 st 
of 4 1., and headed "Raying for the Re- 
deemer's mindfulness." In this form it is 
almost unknown, but as " Jesus, Tliou art the 
sinners' Friend," it is the moat popular of 
Burnliam's hymns. Its use in America es- 
pecially ia very extensive. It is aometimes 
attributed to " Richard Parkinson " in error. 

[J. J.] 

Jesus, my Lord, how rich Thy grace. 
P. Doddridge. [Offertory.} This hymn is 
No. 94 iu toe d, Mss., but is undated. The 
heading is, " On relieving Christ in the Poor." 
In 1755 it was pub. in Doddridge's (posthu- 
mous) Hymns, &c, No. 188, in 5st of 41. ; and 
again in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the same, 
1839, No. 209. It is in C. U. in its original 
form; bnt the most: popular forma are the 
following : — 

1< Tenntef alined, to ewnThybva. ToisisDod- 
drjdge'a text rewritten by E. Osier, for Hall's Jlitrt 
H. Bk., issa, No. 190, in * st. of 4 1. It haa been in- 
cluded in several collectfona. 

S. Fountain of nod, to own lay love. This Is Oiler's 
text with slight tutermtions, and the addition of a doxo- 
logy from Tate it Brady. It vras given in Stratum's 
Chunk ffjfi., 18B0, No. 64 (It is possibly older), John- 
ston's Bni/Uih Bywnal, 18112 and IS61 ; Thrinp^s CM., 
18B3, and others. In Merter, Alford'B Year qf Praise, 
1861, the Btf. Comp., and many others, the doxology ia 
omitted. In addition "there ore other arrangements of 
Otter's text, aa in Stretttm, including that in l*ott's 
ffymns, Ac, 1961, where st. 1,-ilL, vl. are iUgbtlj- 
altered fhnn Stretton, and tv., v., vii„ are nen-. This 
form of the text ie repeated, with alight variations, in 
the S. F. G. K. Church Bymm, 1BJ1. 

8. Rich on a throne of radiant Ugnt. This hegins 
with st. ii. of the original, and Is found in a few collec- 
tions. 

4. Jeans, our lord, how rich Thy ew. In the 
American Smgi/or tke Sanctuary, N. Y., 1B64. 

All these arrangemeuts from Doddridge's 
teit, together with the original, are in C. U. 
in America and other English • speaking 
countries. The beat arrangement is that in 
Hiring, 1882, from Stretttm, 1850. (VJ. J.] 

Jesus, my Lord, I cry to Thee. C. 

Weiley. [For Sanctification.'] ThU cento ia 
from his Short Hys. on Select Passages cj IS. 
Scriptures, 1762, as follows : — 

St. i., ii., Short Bys„ kx., vol. 11., No. S», on St. John 
ix. 25. 

St. 111., iv., Short Byt., ke,, vol. i., No. 311, on Sent, 
xxxa. 39. 

St. v., vl., Short Bys., ix., vol. L, No. 1004, en Isaiah 
xxvii, 3. 

Is thia form it appeared in the Wet. K. Bk., 
1780, No. 897, and haa passed into several 
colleetions (Orig. text, P. TfWls, 1808-72, vols, 
ix. and xiii.). [J. J.) 

Jesus, my Lord, my God, my all! 
How can I lore Thee, &e. F. W. Faher. 
[Holy Communion.] Appeared in his Jesut 



JESUS, MY SATIOUB, AND 

awl Mary, ice., 1649, in 9 st. of i L, with the 

refrain, 

" Sweet Sacrament ! we Thee adore I 
0, make us lore Tbee more and mere I " 

It is headed " Corpus Christi." In a U. it is 

" ■ " v: 



broken into ports, as : (1) " Jesus ! my Lord " 

mMy,ye 

and (8)" Sound," sound His praises higher 



id. ; (2) "Sing joyously, ye solemn bells 



still.'' Its use is mainly confined to Roman 

Catholic hymnals. [J. J.J 

Jesus, my Saviour, and my King. 

8. Browns. [Prayer for Unity.'] 1st pub. iu 
his By*, and Spiritual Songt, 1720, Bk. i., No. 
147, in 4 st of 8 1, and headed, " Prayer for 
brotherly tore." In its original form it is not 
in C. IT. The following centos are associated 
therewith . — 

L. O Ood, vox Bulaw, and our Xing . This la No. 
HIS in foutedy, 18*3, where M. i., 11. are from this 
hymn. and st, 111., lv, are from J .Wesley's tr. •' O Thou 
tu Whose all searching sight " (See" b^fenbriutlgam "), 
at. 111. and It. altered. 

I. Lord, my Saviour, and my King, Mo. MS lit 
the Bap; Pt. * flfrs., 186S, Is from Browne's hymn, 
but somewhat altered. [J. J.J 

Jesus, my Saviour, bind me fiurt. 

B. Beddome. [Divine Drawing! implored.] 
Pub. in his (posthumous) Hymns, &a, 1817, 
No. 557, in 4 st. of 4 L, nnd headed " Draw 
me." In the 27th ed. of Bippon's Bap. Set, 
1827, st. ii.-iv. were given, together with a 
new opening sterna, as " If Thou bast drawn 
a thousand times." This is repeated in 
Sporgeon's 0. 0. H. Bk., I860, "No. 463, and 
others ; especially the American hymn-books, 

[J. J.] 
Jesus, my Shepherd is. J. Gander. 
TP$. xxiii.] Pub. in Collyer's Coll., 1812, 
No. 897, in G st of G 1., headed, The Good 
Shepherd," and signed "C." In Gander's 
Star in the East, tie., 1824, it was pub. in a 
new form, and began "The Lord my Shnp- 
herd is." This was repeated in the Cong. 
H. Bk., 1836, No. 401, and in Conder*s (post- 
humous) Hyt. of Praite, Prayer, &&, 1856, 
p. 8, and is the authorised form of the hymn. 

[J. J.] 
Jesus, our Lord, who tempted wast. 
H. Alford. [Lent.'] 1st pub. in his Pi. <fc 
Hyt., &a, 1844, No. 29, in 7 st. of 4 1„ and 
again in his year of Praise, 1867, No. 73, in 
5 st., the second and third stanzas bang 
omitted. The original text is repeated in 
full, bnt with slight alterations, in several 
collections. [J. J.] 

Jesus, our souls' delightful choice. 

P. Doddridge. [Spiritual Conflict.] This 
hymn is No. 1 of the n. nss., is in 4 st of 4 1., 
is headed " On the Struggle between Faith 
and Unbelief," and is dated "Sep. 7, 1735." 
J. Orton included it in his ed. of Doddridge's 
(posthumous) Hymns, &c, 1755, No. 197 ; and 
J. D. Humphreys in his ed. of the same, 1839, 
No. 220. It is in a few modern collections, 
Including Spurgeon's 0. 0. H. Bk., I860. 

[J. J.] 
Jesus setzt sin vor seinem Hud. 
[Holy Comtxunion.] Eehrein, in his Katho- 
iieche KirohenHeder, vol. i., 1859, p. 636, quotes 
this from D. G. Corner's Grot* Catholkch G. 
B., 1631, where it is In 12 st. of 2 I, entitled 
* ANewHynmforCorpusChiisti." Bepeated 



JESTJS, TENDER SHEPHERD 601 

in the Bamberg G. B., 1670, p. 264 ; Miinster 
G. B., 1677, p. 247; aud other Soman Catholio 
collections. Tr, as; — 

Baton to Sis sad death. He vnt, • tr. of st. l.-vdl, 
as No. 893 In the Ohio Luth. Bgl. 1880. rj, J[ 1 

Jesus shall reign where'er the sun. 

I. Watt*. [Foreign MittiomX This is one 
of the most popular hymns by Watts, and was 
given in his iWnw of David, 1719, as Pt it 
of his version of Ps. lxxii., in 8 st. of 4 1. 
Although it has attained to a high position in 
modem hymnals, it is rarely found in the 
collections published before too present cent. 
It increased in popularity with the growth and 
development of Foreign Missions, and is now 
used most extensively in all English-speaking 
countries. One of the earliest to adopt it for 
congregational use was Rowland Hill. It is 
found in his Ft. <£ Hymns, 1st ed, 1783 ; but 
abbreviated to 6 st This was followed by 
some compilers in the Church of England, 
including Cotterill in Ps. <fc Hyt* 1810-1820 ; 
Bickertfeth, 1833, and others; by the Wes- 
leyans in their Supplement, 1830 ; the Baptists, 
and other denominations, until at the present 
day it is given in almost every English hymn- 
booh of any standing or merit! As an example 
of the way in which The Ptalmt of David 
were imitated in ike language of the New Tes- 
tament, by Watts, it is unusually good. It is 
also in Lib best style. In modern collections 
it is generally given in an abbreviated form, 
ranging from 4 St., as in H. A. A -ST., to 6 sL, 
as in the Wet. H. BJc. Changes are also 
introduced in the test, but most of these date 
from the beginning of the present century. It 
has been rendered in full and in part in many 
languages, including "Omnibus in terns 
DomiDus rcgnabit Ksus," by the Rev. R. 
Bingham, iu his Hyvmo. Chriit. Lot, 1871, 
p. 103. In this rendering st. iL, iii., and vii. 
are omitted. [Bee Fsaltois, En*., § x*0 Mr. 
G. J. Stevenson gives, in his Methodist H. Bk. 
Notes, 1883, p. 351, an account of the striking 
and historical use which was made of this 
hymn when various islands in the Sooth BeaB 
officially renounced heathenism and embraced 
Christianity : — 

" Perhaps one of the most Interesting occasions on 
which this brum wsh used w that on which Kins 
George, the sable, of the South Sea Islands, bnt of 
bleBsed memory, gave a new constitution to bis people, 
exchanging a Heathen for a Christian form of govern- 
ment. Under the spreading branches of the banyan 
trees eat eome thousand natives from Tonga, FUl, and 
Samoa, on Whitsunday, 1B62, assembled for divine wor* 
ship. Foremost amongst Uiem all sat King George 
himself. Around him were seated old chiefs* *nd war- 
riors who bad shared with him the dangers and fortunes 
of many a battle ; men wboee eyes were dim, and whose 
powerful frames were bowed down with the weight of 
years. But old and young alike rejoiced together In the 
Joys of that day, their facia most of them radiant with 
Christian |oy. love, and hope. It would be impossible 
to describe the deep feeling manifested when the solemn 
sendee began, by the entire audience singing Dr. Watts'n 
hymn, *' Jesus shall reign where'er the enn" . . . Who 
so much as they could realise the full meaning of the 
poet's words i for they had been rescued from the dark- 
ness of heathenism and csnnibaltem, and they were that 
day met for the flret time wider a Christian constitution, 
nnder a Christian king, and with Christ Himself reigning 
In the hearts of most of those present. That was Indeed 
Christ's kingdom set up In the earth." fj. J.l 

Jesus, tender Shepherd, hear me. 

Mary Duncan, nee Lundie. [Child 1 * Evening 
Hymn,] This beautiful little hymn was com- 
posed for her children in 1839, and 1st pub, in 



602 JE8US, THE CHBIST OP GOD 

3 st of 4 1. in her Memoir, 1841 (ed. 1843, p. 
311). It U No. 8 in lier BJiymes far my Chil- 
dren, 1842, entitled "An Evening Prayer." 
It has been included in England in the Baptist 
P$. * Hymns, 1858, the Hy. Comp., 1876, and 
others ; in America, in the Epiecopal H. Bk., 
1871, the Evang. Hymnal, N. Y7, 1880, the 
Songt of Christian Praise, N. Y., 1881, and in 
other collections. [J. H.] 

Jesus, the Christ of God. H. Bonar. 
[Praise in Christ."] Appeared in his Hys. of 
Faith & Hope, 2nd series, 1861, in 7 si of 4 1., 
and entitled " Praise to Christ" It is found 
in numerous collections in G. Britain and 
America. Insomo hymn-books it begins with 
at. ii ;-— 

" Jesus, the Lamb of God, 

Who ub from bell to raise;" 
but this form of tho test is not so popular as 
the original. [J. J.] 

Jesus, the needy sinner's Friend. 

C. Wesley. [Holy Communion.*} This cento 
is composed of Nos. 366, 367, and 368 of 
"Hys. on the Pout Gospels," pub. from the 
Wesley Mas; in the P. Works of J, & C. Wesley, 
1868-72, vol. x. p. 282. It appeared as 
No. 875 in the revised edition of the Wei. 
II. Bk., 1875, with tho concluding linos 
changed from :— 

" We banquet on Che heavenly Bread, 
When Christ Himself imparts, 
By ministerial bonds convcy'd 
To ill believing hearts ; " 
to — 

" We banquet on the heavenly Bread, 
When Christ Himself imparts. 
By His disciples' hands conveyed 
To all believing hearts." [J. J.] 

Jesus, Thou all-redeeming Lord, 
Thy blessing, &c. C. Wesley. [General] 
Appeared in Hys. & Sac. Poems, 1749, vol. i. 
p. 316, in 18 st. of 4 I., and entitled "Before 
Preaching to the Colliers in Leicestershire " 
(P. Works, 1868-72, voi. v. p. 121). In 1780 
two hymns compiled, with slight alterations, 
therefrom: (1) "Jesus, Thou all-redeeming 
Lord," being at. i., ii., iv., v., vi.-ix. ; (2) " Lovers 
of pleasure moTo than God," being st. xi., xii,, 
svii., xviii., were included in the Wen. S. Bk., 
Nob. 34, 85, and continued in subsequent 
editions. Also found in other collections. In 
addition to these, a cento beginning " Lover 
of souls, Thou well canst prize," is given iu 
Kennedy, 1863, No. 627. It is compiled from 
the Wes. H. Bk., pt i., as above, st. iii.-viii., 
with slight alterations and a doxology. [J. J.] 

Jesus, Thou needest me. H. Bonar. 
[Oneness with Christ Explained and Desired."] 
Pub. in his Hys of Faiik <£ Hope, 2nd seru-s, 
1BG1, in 8 st.. of 4 I., and headed " The Lord 
needeth Thee." It lias passed into a few 
collections, including Dale's Englislt H. Ufc., 
1874, &a [J. J.] 

Jesus, Thou Soul of all our joys. 
C. Wesley. [Choral Festivals.'} Appeared in 
Hys. & Sac. Poems, 1749, voi. ii., No 90, in 
8 st. of 6 1., as the second of two hymns on 
"TheTmoUseofMusio." In the Wes.H.Bk., 
1780, it was included as No. 196 (cd. 1875, 
No. 204>. It lias passed into several collec- 
tions, sometimes abbreviated, as in Mercer; 
and again, hi the altered form, " Jesus, in 



JESUS, WHEBE'EK THY 

Whom Tlry saints rejoice," as in the Cooke 
and Denton Hymnal, enlarged cd., 1855. 

[J. J.] 
Jesus, Thou w&Bt once a child. J. 
Gahb. {Holiness desired.] This hymn U 
found in three forms : — 

(1) It was first pub. in the author's .Steps to Hie Throne, 
&c.,ISD4,fii Est. of 4 L, and repeated In his Hymnt and 
Songs, &c., 18T1, wltli the title " Christ-Incarnate." In 
tbls form It is a prayer for Holiness. 

(2) The above text was rewritten by the Rev. C. H. 
Spurgcon as a hymn for Mothers' Meetings, and Included 
In hie 0. 0. if. Bk„ 1SS8, No. 1011, from Trhence it 
passed Into Soepp's Songt of G. & G., 1ST2. 

(3) In 1876 tho same hymn was rewritten by the 
author In G et. of 41,, andglveu, with hia tune "Moor- 
lands," in his Welburn Appendix, 18T£,No.49,a&Above. 

Of these texts the first is by far the most 
beautiful and simple. [J. J.] 

Jesus, Thy Church with longing 
eyes. W. H. Balliurtt. [Second Advent.] 
1st pub. in his Ps. <£ Hys., 1831, No. 11, in 
6 st. of 4 1, and headed " Second Coming of 
Christ." It has passed into a large number 
of hymn-books, both in G. Britain and America,' 
and ranks as one of the most popular of 
Bathurst's hymns. It is a most suitable hymn 
on behalf of Foreign Missions. Orig. test in 
Taring's Coll., 1882. [ J ' J 

Jesus, Thy name I love. J. O. Deck. 
[Jesus, All and in All] Appeared in Ps., 
Hys. and Spiritual Songs, London, D. Walther, 
1842, Pt. if, No. 6, in 4 st. of 8 1. In A Few 
Hys. and some Spiritual Songs selected 1856 
far The Little Flock, No. 109, it is given in a 
rewritten form as "Jesus ! tliftt Name is love." 
Outside of the Plymouth Brethren hymn- 
books the original text is given sometimes with 
slight alterations, as in Hatfield's Church H. 
Bk., N. Y., 1872, No. 1005. [J. J.] 

Jesus, 'when I fainting lie, if. Aljord. 
[Death anticipated.] 1st pub. in his Year of 
Praise, 1867, No. i!08, in 3 st of 6 1., and 
appointed for the 16th S. after Trinity. It 
■was one of two hymns which were sung at the 
autlior's funeral, the second being his " Ten 
thousand times ten thousand." [J. J.] 

Jesus, where'er Thy people meet 
W. Coioper. [Openingof a Place of Worship.] 
The Rev. J. Bull, in his John Newton of Olney 
and St Mary Woalnoth, &e., gives the follow- 
ing account of this hymn : — 

" 1{69. In a letter to Mr. Clunte, in April, Mr. New- 
ton speaks of a journey to Kettering, and of his preach- 
ing there, and says : * I bave been pretty full-handed In 
preaching lately. I trust the Lord was graciously with 
us In most or all of our opportunities. We are going to 
remove our prayer-meeting to tbe great room in the 
Great Home. It is a noble place, with a parlour behind 
it, mid holds one hundred and thirty people conveniently. 
Prsy for us, that tlie Lord may be in the midst of ua 
there, and that as He baa now given us a Reboboth, 
and baa made room for lie, eo that He may be pleased to 
add to our numbers, and make US fruitful In the land.' 

" It was for this occasion that two of the hymns in 
the Olnty Selection were composed, the 43rd and 44tb of 
the second book. Tbe first, beginning * O Lord, our 
languid frames inspire,' by Mr. Newton ; and the second, 
'Jesus, where'er Thy people meet,' by Mr. Cowpcr." 

In a note Mr. Ball adds : — 

" Elsewhere the editor of this volume has erroneously 
stated that these hymns were written when the Great 
House WMjw-ji used for religious services. This could 
not have been as Mr. Cowper was then unknown at 
Olney. The present mora correct statement explains 
the reference fn Mr. Cowper's hymn to the renewal of 
former mercies, and to a more enlarged space," 



JESUS, WHILE HE DWELT 

The first of these references is in si iii, 
ft 1, 2 :— 

" Dear Shepherd of Thy chosen few I 
Thy former mercies here renew:" 

and the second to st, y., 11. 3,4: — 

" Come Tbou and fill this wider space, 
And bless ns with ■ large Increase." 

The hymn mt pub, in the Olney Hymns, 
1779, Bk ii., No. 44, in 6 et. of 4 1. It is 
preceded, as stated above, by J. Newton's 
" O Lord, our languid souls inspire," which is 
headed " On opening a Place for Social 
Prayer," and is given as No. " XLIV. C. 
Another," meaning, another hymn on the same 
subject. It is given in modem hymn-books 
in its original form, and also as fallows : — 

1. The arrangement In the Sajtroury H. Bk., ISM, Is 
thnai — St. 1., IL.iv., v, and via. are slightly altered from 
Gnoper: Bt. lii., id., vii.andiic. are by J. Jfehfc, and the 
doxoiogy Is by Bp. Jtcn. Tbls text was repeated, with 
tbe otnwsion of the doxology. In the Bantm Symmsi, 
lets. In the AnoMeon H. Bk, ISM, Ave staiuui are 
taken from tbe st&itbury H. fifc, and one ftorn the 
original, and further altered aa "0 Jesu, where Thy 
people meet." 

1. In .Kennedy, 1863, the text b from the SaliAury 
S. Bk., 1861. 

3. In the 9. T. C. X. Church Byi., 1811, the arrange- 
ment is :~-~St. 1., 11., Vmoper ,* at. ill., Ktbic ; Et. If., v., 
Obvper; st. "vi., 11* 1-3, Vowptr ; II. 3-4, fsbfe. In the 
stanzas from Cowper the text ism in the SMdmry B.Bk. 

4. In Marttoeau'e irjrawu, etc, 1840 and 1873, Qata- 
per'j si. 1., 11. and It. are given as " O Lord, where'er 
Tby people meet." 

The use of this hymn in its varioas forms 
is extensive in all English-speaking countries. 
It has also been translated into many lan- 
guage!, and is one of the most popular' of 
Cowper's hymns. Grig, text in Lord Sel- 
borne's Booh of Praise, 1862, p. 150. [J. J.J 

Jesus, while He dwelt below. J. 
Hart, [Pattiontids.'] A descriptive hymn 
of great power on The Passion of Onr Lord. 
It was pub. in Hart's Hymns, &a, 1759, No. 75, 
in 23 st. of 6 1., and headed "Jesus ofttimes 
resorted thither with His disciples," John 
xviii. 2. The following oentos have been 
compiled therefrom : — 

1. " Jeeus, whilst He dwelt below." Pi.i. 
"Full of love to man's lost race." Ft. 1L 

" There my Odd bore all my guilt." Pt. lii. 
These centos were given in Snepp'e Songt vf a, it <?., 
1BU, No. SOT. 

2. " Jesus, while He dwelt below." Pt. i. 
" Eden from aich flowery bed." Pt. 11. 

These were given in the Scottish Enang. OmenEymnal, 
18J8, No. 34, and others, 

3. " Comoe once more tbe awful night." 

In tbe S, P. C. K. ChmtA Byt., 1811, this is very 
much altered from tbe original. 

4. " Gomes sgatu the dreadful night." 

In Whiting's Hyi. for the Ck. Cat&dic, 18BS. Also 
altered from Hart. 

Through these various centos great use is 
made of this hymn. [J- J.] 

Jesus, while [whilst] this rough 
desert soil. H. Bonar. {Jesus' pretence 
desired.] Pub. in his Hys. of Faith and Hope, 
1st series, 1857, in 5 st of 4 L, and headed 
"Strength by the way." In Kennedy, 1863, 
it reads, "Jesus, whilst this rough desert 
soil." [J. J.] 

Jevons, Mary Ann, nee Boacoe. 

[Eeaeoe Family,] 

Jewitt, William Henry, nephew of 
Mr. Orlando Jewitt, the engraver, was b. at 
Headington, Oxford, March 17, 1812. Mr. 
Jewitt is an architect and artist. He has 



JOHN Of DAMASCUS 



603 



written several hymns of more than usual 
merit. The earliest were pub, as Hyt. on the 
Te Beam, Manchester, J. Anson, 1874. This 
little work contains 23 pieces. He also puh, 
in 1886 a voL of tales in verse, entitled " The 
Romance of Love." HU hymns in 0. V. are ; 

1. Christ the lion of royal Judah. S. Hark. 

a. Christ, the Father's mirrored Ught. all SainU. 

3. 0, Father, mid the cherubim. St. Mickatl and all 
Atigtlt during the Offertory* 

4. Father of the world supreme, tfod tin Creator, 
or Flower Senrictt. 

5. Lord of Life, and Light, and Love. 3t, Jtiehati 
and All Angel*. 

«. O Son KternsL nncreate. The JBernot Stmthtp of 
Chrttt. 

1. We know that Thou sbalt come. Advent. 

8, We know Tbee, Lord, the eternal Way, SS, 
Philip and .KMief. 

Of these hymns Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7, are from the 
By*, on the To- Detim, 1874; No. 1 was con- 
tributed to the Universal H. Bk., 1885; No. 2 
appeared in the Manchester Diocesan Magd- 
tine f No. 8 in the Penny Post ; and No. 8 in 
the Attar Hymnal, 1884. In addition to these 
Mr. Jewitt is the author of Nos. 21, 24, 38, 
42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 87, 88, 95 and W, in Chape's 
Carats for Hotter and other Christian seasons 
(Land., Novella), 1884. [J. J.] 

Jex-Blahe, Thomas William, s. of 
Thomas Jex-Blake of Burnwell, was b. in 
1892, and educated at Rugby, and University 
College, Oxford (b.a. in 1st class 18S5 ; d.d. 
1878). He was some time Fellow of Queen's 
College, Oxford; from 1858 to 1868 Assistant 
Maeter at Rugby ; Principal of Cheltenham 
College, 1868 to 1874; Head Master of Rugby, 
1874 to 1887; and Rector of Alveckuroh, 
Eedditch, 1887. Dr. Jex-Blake's well-known 
hymn, " Lord, we thank Thee for the plea- 
sure" (Thanksgiving) was written at there- 
quest of Dr. Cotton (then Head Master of 
Marlborough), in. September, 1855. It isin 
tbe Bvgby and other Public Schools hymn- 
books, and several general collections. Dr. 
Jex-Blake's published works do not contain 
any original poetical compositions. [J. J,] 

John AridftS. [Or*sk Hyjanady, § xvii. 2, 
and John of Damaaens?) 

John of Damascus, St. The last bat 

one of the Fathers of the Greek Churcb, and 
the greatest of her poets (Nettle). He was of 
a good family in Damascus, and eduoated by 
the elder Co&mas in company with his foster- 
brother Cosmos the Melodist (q. t.). He held 
some office under the Caliph. He afterwards 
retired to the laura of St. Subas, near Jeru- 
salem, along with his foster-brother. There 
he composed his theological works and his 
hymns. He was ordained priest of the church 
of Jerusalem late in life. He lived to extreme 
old age, dying on the 4th Dec, the day on 
which lie is commemorated in the Greek calen- 
dar, eithcrinhis 84th or 100th yeor(circa 780) 
He was called, for some unknown reason, 
Mansxar, by his enemies. His fame as a theo- 
logian rests on the work •u'yi fpaVio'i, the 
first part of which consists of philosophical 
summaries, the eeoond dealing with heresies, 
and the third giving an account of the ortho- 
dox faith. His three orations in favour of 
the leans, from which he obtained tbe name 
of Chrysorrluna and The Doctor of Christian 
Ait, aro very celebrated. The immense 



604 JOHN OP DAMASCUS 

impetus he gave to Greek kyronology is 
discussed in Chsak Hymaody, § xvii. 2. Tile 
arrangement of the Oatoechut in accordance 
with the Eight Tames was his work, and it 
originally contained no other Canons than his. 
His Canons on the great Festivals are his 
highest achievements. [See Greek Hymnody, 
§§ vii., xvit. 2, and trifli) it xiw/.] In 
addition to his influence on the form and 
music, Cardinal P itra attributes to him the 
doctrinal character of the later Greek hym- 
nody. He says that the rhythm of the 
Canons may be often traced in the prose of 
the »tj7% yv&aius. He colls him tbe Thomas 
Aquinas of tho East The great subjeot 
round which his hymns are grouped is The 
Incarnation, developed in the whole earthly 
career of the Saviour. In tlie legendary life 
of the saint ttic B. V. M. is introduced as 
predicting tills work: the hymns of John of 
Damascus should eclipse the Song of Moses, 
rival the cherubim, and range all the 
churchcB, as maidens beating their tambours, 
round their mother Jerusalem (Fitra, Bymn. 
Grecque, p. 33). The legend illustrates not 
only the dogmatic cast of the hymns, but 
the introduction of the Tkeotokion and Stauro- 
theotokion, which becomes the prevalent close 
of the Odes from the days of St. John of 
Damascus : the Virgin Mother presides over 
all. The Canons found under the name of 
John Arklat (one of which is the Iambic 
Canon at Pentecost) are usually attributed 
to St. John of Damascus, and also those 
under the name of John the MonJt. Some 
doubt, however, attaches to the latter, because 
they are founded on older rhythmical models 
(rtpfioi), which is not the case with those 
bearing the name of the Damascene, and they 
are not mentioned in the ancient Greek 
commentaries on his hymns (see Anth. Graec. 
Car, Christ, p. xlvii.l. One of these is tlie 
Iambic Canon for Christmas. [See Greek 
Hymnady, §§ viL and ivti. 2.] 

His numerous works, both in prose and verse, were 
published by Le Quten, U12j and a reprint of trie same 
with additions by JrVpne, Paris, ' 1SB4, Most of his 
poetical writings are contained in the litter, vol. ill. 
pp. 81V-SBS, containing those under the title Camina i 
and vol. ill. pp. 1381-1109, the Jfytoni. His Canon of 
83. Peter & r^ul la In Ktfmnographie Grecque. by Car- 
dinal Htra, 1SBT. They are also found scattered tbrough- 
ont the Service Books of the Greek Church, and Include 
Iambic Canons on tbe Birth of Christ, the Epiphany, 
and pn Psitecost; Canons on Easter, Ascension, trie 
Transfiguration, the Annunciation, and MS. Peter & Paul : 
and numerous J&iom&a. In addition. Cardinal Mai 
found a vs. in the Vatican and published the same 
in hia Spicilegium Romanvm, which contained six 
additional Canonr, viz. : In St. BaslUum ; In St. 
Cbrysostomnm ; In St. Jficolanm; In St. Petrumj In 
St. Georgiutn, and In St. Blaaluni, But H, Christ has 
;ra.ve objections to the ascription of these to St 



John of Damascus (Anth. Grate* Car. Chritt. p. xlvii.). 
Daniel's extracts in hia Tha. Bymn., vol. ill. pp. 80, bt, 
extend to six pieces. Dr. Neale'a translations of por- 
Uona of these works arc well known, and fully detailed 
in this work. For fuller details of St. John, authorities, 
Ac, see Diet* of Christian Biog., vol. 111. pp. 109-422 ; 
and for a popular account of nttn and Ids works, Lup- 
ton J a St. John of Damatcut, In The Fathers for Bngltth 
Seadtn. lasa. [H. L. B.] 

John the Monk, [Greek Hynuudy, § XTlL 
2, and St, John of Bamti(raa.J 

Johns, John, b. at Plymouth, March IT, 
1801, tho son of an artist. Educated at tho 
grammar scliool and by the Rev. I. Worsley, 
Unitarian minister at Plymouth, and after* 



JOHNSON, SAMUEL 

wards spent two years at Edinburgh. In 1820 
became minister of the old Presbyterian 
chapel at Crediton, where he remained till 
his removal to Liverpool in 1 836, as Minister 
to the Poor. He was a man of fine poetic 
temperament and retiring disposition, but his 
work among the people called out his great 
practical and organising ability. He died a 
sacrifice to the fever which raged in the dis- 
trict where be laboured, June 23, 1847. Be- 
sides his reports to the Liverpool Domestic 
Mission Society, and frequent contributions 
to the Monthly Sepository, Christian Reformer, 
and Christian Teacher, he published three 
volumes of poetry, Dewt of Castalie ; a collec- 
tion of Poems, 1828; The Valley of the Nymph*, 
1829 ; and Georgia of Life, 1846. There ore 
35 of his hymns in Dr. Beard's Collection, 1837, 
and several of them are in other Unitarian 
books. The best known of his hymns are : — 

1. Come, Kingdom ofourGod. Fro-yer for (he King- 
dom, of God. 

2. Farewell, our blighted treasure. DeatKqf aChild. 
a. Great God, avert from us tbe thought, fleauen. 

4. Hush the loud cannon's roar. Oomnon Brother* 
hood a-wi Peace Univcrtal. 

&. know ye not that ye. Purity. This is altered 
from " What, know ye not that ye I " 

t. Thanks to God for these wlio came. Prcaahert of 
the Word. Altered from u Welcome, welcome these 
who came." 

1. Thou must be born again, lacettUy of the iVeu 
Birth. 

These hymns were contributed to Beard's 
Coll., 1837, and passed thence into other col- 
lections. [V. D. DO 

Johnson, Samuel, m.a., was h. at Salem, 
Massachusetts, Oct 10, 1822, and educated at 
Harvard, where he-graduated in Artsin 1842, 
and in Theology; in 1846. In 1853 he formed 
a Free Church in Lynn, Massachusetts, and 
remained its pastor to 1870. Although never 
directly connected with any religious denomi- 
nation, he was mainly associated in tlie public 
mind with the Unitarians. He was joint 
editor with 8. Longfellow (q. v.) of A Book 
of Bymn> for Public and Private Devotion, 
Boston, 1846; the Supplement to the same, 
1848; and Hymns of the Spirit, 1864. His 
contributions to these collections were less 
numerous than those by S. Longfellow, but 
not less meritorious. He d. at North Andover, 
Massachusetts, Feb. 19, 1882. His hymns 
were thus contributed : — 

i. To A Book of Hymns, 1846. 

1. Father [Saviour] in Thy mysterious presence kneel- 
ing. Divine Worship. 

2. Go, preach t^e gospel En my name. Ordination. 

3. Lord, once our faith is man no fear could move. 
In Time of JTar. 

4. O God, Thy children gathered liere. Ordination. 

5. Onward, Christiana, {onward] through the region. 
Conflict. In tbe Hjjt. of the Spirit, ISO*, it was altered 
to " Onward, onward through the region.'* 

t. Thy servanta' sandals, Lord, are wet. Ordination. 
t. When from Jordan's gleaming wave. IMy Bap. 
Urn. 

ii. To the Supplement, 1848. 
8* God of tbe earnest heart. Trutt . 

iii. To (he Hymns of the Spirit, 1864. 

o. City of God, how broad, how far. The Church 
the City if Oat. 

Id. I bless Thee, Lord, for Borrows sent. Jfiictim — 
Perfect through wijforing. 

11. Life of Ages, richly poured. Inspiration. 

12. Strong-souled Reformer, Whose far-seeing faith. 
Power of Jfemt. 



JOHNSTON, JAMBS A. 

13. The Will Divine that woke a wilting time. SU 
Paul. 

14. Thou Whose glid erunmer yield*. Prayer far 
Ike fl»«rdk. 

11. To light Oat shines In etan and souls. Dedica- 
tion of a i i iac> o/ VertMp- 

Of these hymns No. 8 was " Written for 
the Graduating Kxerdses of Ihe Class of 184& 
In Cambridge Divinity Schools " ; and No. 10 
" Written at the request of Dorothea L, Dix 
for a collection made by her fur the use of an 
asylum." It is undated. A few only of these 
hymns are in use in Great Britain. (T. H. B.] 

Johnston, James Aitken, was ordained 
by tlie Bishop of Jamaica in 1831, and was 
preferred to the Perpetual Curacy of St 
John's, Waterloo Road, London, iu 1843. He 
d. in 1872. He was the editor of 

The Sn/gitk Hymnal, or a B^mn-Bootc for the Ute of 
the CAttrca- of England. WiiKttn Appendix containing 
sdteUmtfnm .Metrical Yertioni of the FiaJmi. £on- 
(ton/ farker, 1B62. 

A new and thoroughly revised ed. waa pub. 
in 1856. This was reprinted in 1661 as the 
3rd ed. Prom a its. supplied by Johnston to 
D. Sedgwick [a, mbs,] we find that he was the 
author or translator of 34 hymns in the 3rd 
ed,, but this list does not include " O Jeeu, 
Lord, tha Way, the Truth " (88. Philip and 
James), attributed to him in Turing's Coll., 
1882. In his frs, he is considerably indebted 
to others; and bis original hymns display no 
special merit " [J. JJ 

Join all the glorious Names. I. 
Watt*. [Names and Titles of Jems Christ."] 
Pub. in his Eyt. & Sae. Songt, 1709, Bk. i., 
No. 150, in 12 st. of 8 1., as the second of two 
hymns on " The Offices of Christ, from several 
Scriptures." It has been freely altered, abbre- 
viated, nnd divided from M. Madan's Pt. and 
Hys., 1760, to the present time. The line 
which hns caused most trouble to the editors 
has been st. x., 1. 1, "My dear, Almighty 
Lord," the term " dear " being very objection- 
able to many. The line lias undergone the 
following amongst other changes : — 
USD. X. Ifadan. " It™ dear Almighty Lord." 
lit*. Ath*Seant. " My great Almighty Lord." 
1S30. Wet. H. Bk. " O Tkmt Almighty Lara." 
IB33, BlcktrtUQi. " Divine Almighty Lord," 
IMS. H. V. Elliott " Atoi&iUy, Sovereign Lord." 
18H. J. S. Gurney. " Atonghly, graciout Lord." 
1BS8. Bvp.Pt.&Hye. "MySfleiottrandmyLord." 
1STS. Pretty. Hymnal. 4i four, Almighty Lord." 

To this list may be traced most of the 
changes found in modem hymn-books. There 
are outers also of leas importance. In addition 
to abbreviations which begin with tha ori- 
ginal first line, there are also the following 
centos : — 

1. Arrayed In mortal flesh! Thie was given In R. 
Coayere'e OH., 1114, ia 5 A., and In other hyam-booka, 

8, Oimt Prophet of my God. In Alton)'* Tear of 
Praise, 186), 4c. 

a. Jesnavidy Great Biga Meet. This, in 3purgeon'a 
0. 0. S. Bk., IBS*, ia composed of St. yHL, vf., and lx. 
of thie bymn, and at. vl., "Immense compassion reigru,' 1 
from No. us of Bk. 1. of Watta'a IQani, " With cheer- 
ful voice I elog." 

t. My dear Almifhty Lord. In Spurgeon'e 0. 0, R. 
Bk., 18SS, No. all 

The original hymn is justly regarded as one 
of Watts's finest efforts. In its various forms 
its use is extensive in most English-speaking 
countries. It has been tr. in whole, or in part, 
into various languages, including Latin, in 
R. Bingham's Hymno, Chritt, Lett., 1870, as 



JONES, GBIFFTTH 



605 



"Pange nomen omne mirum." [See English 
Hymnody, Early, §§ vf., xiii.] [J. J.] 

Jonas, Justus (Jobst, Jost, Jodocus), & 
of Jonas Koch, burgomaster of Nordhausen, 
in Thuringia, was b. at Nordhausen, June a, 
1493. He studied at Erfurt (m.a 1510), and 
Wittenberg (U..S.); returning to Erfurt in 
1517, where, in 1518, he was appointed Canon 
of the St. Severus Church, Professor, and, in 
1519, Rector of the University. In tbo fi stal 
ode on his rectorate (by his friend Eoban 
Hesse) he was called the Jttlt Jonas, and 
henceforth he adopted Jonas as his surname, 
and it is as Jonat that bo is known. In 1521 
he was appointed Probst of the Schlosskirche 
(All Saints) at Wittenberg, D.D., and Professor 
of Church Law in the University. Here he 
worked for twenty years as a true and devoted 
friend nnd helper of Luther and Melanohthon, 
and was then, from 1511 to 1516, superinten- 
dent and chief pastor at Halle. After Luther's 
death he passed through various troubled ex- 
periences, but became in 1553 superintendent 
and chief pastor at Eisfeld on the Werra, 
where he d. Oct. 9, 1555, He added two 
stanzas to Luther's " Erhalt uns Herr, bel 
deinemWort" (q-v,). Theonly originalhymu 
by him which has pasted into English is ; — 

Wo Got* dei Hair nieht bat am Lilt. P*. cxtciv. let 
pub. in JEyn Enchiridion, Krfurt, 1»M, and thence in 
Wackemaget, ill. p. «, In 8 at. In the Um. L. £., 1BB1, 
No. g&4, 3V-- as, " If God were not upon out aide," by 
jKti Winkworth, 1869, p. lit. [J. M.] 

Jones, Edmund, s. of the Bev. Philip 

Jones, Cheltenham, was b. in 1722, and at- 
tended for a time the Baptist College at Bristol. 
At the ago of 19 he began to preach for the 
Baptist Congregation ut Exeter, and two years 
afterwards lie became its pastor. In 1760 he 
pub. a volume of Sacred Poem*. After a very 
useful ministry he d. April 15, 1765. From an 
old MS. record of the Exeter Baptist Church, it 
appears that it was under his ministry in the 
year 1759, that singing was first introduced 
into that Church as a part of worship. As a 
hymn-writer he is known chiefly through .> — 

Gome, humble sinner, in whoee breaat* This byton 
appeared In Hippon'e Bap. Set., ItsT, No. 3GB, in T et. of 
«l.,and headed, "The Bucceaaful Reaolve — "IwlLlgo 
in onto the King,' Gather iy. It." It hu undergone 
several changea, Including :— 

1. " Come, sinner. In whose guilty breast." Iu the 
Jfttft, IHte Ch. S. S. H. Bk., 18TO. 

2. " Come, trembling sinner, in whose breast. 1 ' This 
is in a great number of American hymn-boolcs. 

3. " Come, weary sinner, in whose breast." Also in 
American nae. 

Miller, in his Stngert is Song* of the Church, 
1869, p. 333, attributes this hymn to a Welsh 
Baptist hymn-writer of Trevecca, and of the 
same name. IKppon, however, says in the 
1st ed. of his &£ that Edmund Jones, the 
author of No. S33, was pastor of Ihe Baptist 
Church at Exon, Devon. This decides the 
matter. [W. B. a] 

Jones, Griffith, of Llanddowror, was b, 
at Cilrhedyn, Carmarthen shire, of respectable 
parents, in 1683. He was ordained deacon by 
Bishop Bull in 1708. In 1711 lie became 
Vicar of Llaudeilo-Abercowyn, and Vicar of 
Llanddowror hi 1716. In 1730, he first com. 
meneed his cdrcnlating schools in Wales, which 
proved of incalculable blessings to thousands. 
He d. April 8, 1761, at the bouse of Mrs. 
Beavan, who had helped him with bis schools, 



606 



JONES, SAMUEL P. 



and also bequeathed £10,000 towards _ their 
maintenance. He laboured in the parish of 
Llanddowror for 45 years. He published 
many books and some hymns, selected from 
the works of different authors. _ One of his 
books was called Anogaeth i folianu Ditto, or 
■' Admonition to praise God." [W, G. T.] 

Jones, Samuel Flood, u. a., s. of William 
Jones, for many years the Secretory of the 
Religious Tract Society, was b. in London in 
1826, and educated at Pembroke College, 
Oxford (b.a. 1851). Taking Holy Orders he 
was Minister of St. Mattbcw's, Spring Gar- 
dens, London, 1854-76; Lecturer of Bow, 
London, 1858-76; Minor Canon, Westminster 
Abbey, 1859; Precentor, 1869; Vicar of St, 
Botolph, Aldersgate, Londoo, 1876; and 
Priest in Ordinary to the Queen, 1869. In 
1860 he pub. Hymns of Prayer and Praise, 
I/>nd., Dalton & Lucy. This book contained 
100 hymns, of which the ibllowing were by 

Mr. Jones : — 

1. Here all is strife sod war. The Present and tte 
Jfuinre. „ .. 

a. JcBus,iny Advocate in heaven. Jesul tM Advocate. 
Tide is adapted from "Star of the Sea." 

3. J>oni of light, this day our Guardian lie. mrvina. 

4, This Is the day of lifiit, When first the sttVry 
dawn. Sunday. "Written long before IUDD. 

Mr. Jones's most popular hymn is :— 
6. Father of Life, confessing. If. Matrimony. 
This was written about 1867, at ths request 
of the late Dean Stanley for use at Marriages 
in "Westminster Abbey. It hss passed into 
several hymn-books. Mr. Jones's brother, 
William Henry Rich-Jones, m.a., Vicar of 
Biadford-on-Avon, and Canon of Salisbury 
(b. 1817, d. 1885), contributed :— 

1. Haste, my soul, thy Ood adore, God t\e Sustained. 

2. Loid, Thy wienm Passion past. JreenrioR, (In 
W. J. Blew's (Ml., 1SS2-6S, bat not his). 

to bis JHjfnwie, &c., as above ; and his wife 
Catherine Flood Jones (b. 1828) also con- 
tributed : — 

rilgrim, head thy footsteps on. Onward, 
to the same work. He d. Feb. 26, 1895, [J. J.] 

Joneon, Benjamin, commonly known as 
Ben Jonson, the s. of a clergyman, was b. at 
Westminster in 157H, and educated at West- 
minster School, and St John's, Cambridge. 
Ho d. in London, Aug. 6, 1637. His history 
and dramatic abilities are well known to all 
students of English literature. He is known 
in association with hymnody mainly through 
his carol, "I sing the birth— was born to- 
night," which is still in use. It is given in 
his Underwoods in the 2nd vol. (folio) of bis 
Works, 1640, and entitled " A Hymn on the 
jNativity of my Saviour." Two additional 
hymns therein, " The sinner's sacrifice" and 
" A Hymn to God the Father," have much 
merit, but are nnsuired for congregational 
use. His Works have tieen edited by GitTord, 
and more recently by Lieut-Col. Francis Cun- 
ningham. [See English Hymnody, Early, § v. ; 
and for Life, Enc. Brit., 9th ed.] [J. J.] 

Jordanis or&B praevia, C. Coffin. 
[Advent.] Pub. in bis Hymni Sacri, 1736, 
p. S4 ; and again in the Parts Breviary the 
same year as the hymn for Sundays and Fe- 
rial days in Advent at Lauds. It is also in 
tho Lyons and other Modern French Bre- 
viaries; Card, Newman's Bymni EccUsiae, 



JOSEPH OF THESSALONICA 

1838 and 1865 ; and J. Chandler's By), of the 
Primitive Church, 1837, No. 37, It is tr. as : — 
1, Ob Jordan's bank tbfl Baptist's ery, J, 
Chandler. 1st pub. in his Has. of the Prim, 
Church, 1837, p. 40, in 6 st. of 4 !. It is one 
of the most popular of Chandler's translations, 
and is given in a large number of hymn-books, 
those which contain the oiiginnl tr., however, 
being in the minority, and include the People's 
H., 1867, the Westminster Abbey H. Bk., 1883, 
and the Universal II. Bk., 1885. Of the nume- 
rous versions of the text, in most instances 
embodying slight alterations only, the best 
known are, Murray's Hymnal, 1852 ; the 8alis~ 
bury H. Bi. t 1857 ; Kennedy, 1863 ; Chope, 1864, 
&c. The most popular arrangement is that by 
the Compilers of H. A. fy M. It appeared in 
their trial copy, 1859; and with another doiology 
in the 1st ed., 1861; and the revised edition, 
1875. A few of the altered lines are taken 
from Murray s Hymnal, 1852, and the Cooke 
and Denton Hymnal, 1853. The most marked 
alteration is st. iv. "To heal the sick, stretch 
forth Thy hand," The following, together with 
others, give the H. A. ty M. test with farther 
alterations: the S. P. C. K. Church Hys., 1871; 
the Hymnary, 1872 ; T. Darling's Hymns, &c, 
1887, &c. The Eev. F. Pott's version in his 
Hymns, &c, 1861, and Prebendary Thring's in 
his Coll., 1882, are specially good. In the 
English Hymnal, 1856, and 1861, Chandler's text 
is altered to " On Jordan's banks a herald-cry ; " 
and in the New Mitre Hymnal, 1875, Ho. 158, 
is a cento, st. i.-iii. being from Chandlers tr,, 
and st. iv., v. are Dr. Watts's version (l. m.) 
of Ps, 117, pub. in his P$. of Da%id, 1719, 
and not from his Hymns, &c, 1709, as stated 
by the editor. 

2. LoJ the desert-depths are stirred. By W. J. 
Blew. Printed for use in hii Church, circ 
1850, and pub, in The Church H. # Tune Bod, 
1852 and 1855. It was repeated in Bice's 
Hymns, 1870. 

3. lit! the gnat Herald's voice, By Bp. J. It. 
Woodford. Contributed to tho Parish II, Bk., 
1863; and repeated in the enlarged ed., 1875. 

4. Behold the Baptist** warning sounds. By 
B. C. Singleton. Pub. in his Anglican H. Bk. t 
1868, and again, after slight revision, in the 
2nd ed. of the same, 1871. 

Translations not in 0. IF. :— 

1. Lo, the Baptist's herald cry. I. Williams. ISM. 

3. Lo! the Prophet sent before, G. Ronton, 1SS1. 

3. 0, hark I through Jontaa's echoing hounds, J. D, 
Chambers, 186). 

4. Wl»t sounds doth Jordan's streams appat. In 0. 
Shfpley'sjljm«<iSwicfiu,lSS4,by"lV. M. A," [J. J.] 

Joseph of the Btudlum. [Joseph of 



a 

Joseph, of Thessalonica. This hymn- 
writer is known in Greek hymnody as Joseph 
of the studinm. He is not however the lame 
person wrongly named by Dr. Neale in his 
Hys. of Vie Eastern Church as Joseph of the 
Sludinm, author of tbo great Canon for the 
Ascension. That Joseph is St. Joseph the 
,Hjnt!t00mpfter(q.v.), Joseph of Theaealonica, 
younger brother of St. Theodore of the Stn- 
dium, q.v. (see Hys. of the Eastern Church), 
was some time Bishop of Thessalonicn, and 
died in prison, after great suffering inflicted 
by command of Theophilus. [Greek Hymnody, 
§ xviiL 1.] He was probably the author of 



JOSEPH THE HYMNOGRAPHER 

the Triodia in the Triodion, and certainly of 
five CanonB in the Pontecoatarion to which 
his name is prefixed. His pieces have not 
been fc\ into English, [H. L. B.] 

Joseph, St, the Hymnographer. A 
native of Sicily, and of the Sicilian school of 
poets is called by Dr. Neale (in hU Hys. of 
the Eastern Church), Joseph of the Stadium, in 
error. He left Sioily in 830 for a monastic lift) 
at Thessalonica, Thence he went to Constan- 
tinople ; but left it, daring the Iconoclastic 
persecution, foT Borne. He wits for many 
years a slave in Crete, having been captured 
by pirates. After regaining hia liberty, he 
returned to Constantinople. He established 
there a monastery, in connection with the 
Church of St. John Cbrysostom, which was 
filled with inmates by his eloquence. Re was 
banished to the Chersonese for defence of the 
lean), but was recalled by the empress Theodora, 
and made SceuophyJax (keeper of the sacred 
vessels) in the Great Church of Constanti- 
nople, through the favour of the patriarch Igna- 
tius. He stood high also in the favour of 
Photius, the rival and successor of Ignatius, 
and accompanied him into banishment. He 
d. at an advanced age in 883. He is comme- 
morated in the Calendars of the Greek Church 
on April 3rd. Be is the most voluminous of 
the Greek hymn-writers. There bto more 
than two hundred Canons tinder the acrostic of 
bis name, in the Menaea. Caidinal Pitraaays 
he is reported to have composed a thousand. 
There is some difficulty in distinguishing his 
works from those of the brother of Theodore 
of the Studium, Joseph of Thefsaltmioa. This 
latter poet, and not the more celebrated Joseph 
tte Mymuographer, was named Joseph of the 
Studium, [Steak Hymnody, § xviii. 1, 3.] 

[H. L. P..] 

Joeephson, Iiudwig Carl Leopold, 
was b. January 28, 1809, at Unna, Westphalia, 
and studied at the University of Bonn. Iu 
1832 he became Pastor at Iserlolm, West- 
phalia, and after other appointments became 
in 1863 Pastor and Superintendent at Barth, 
near Stralsund, in Western Pomerania. He 
d. at Barth, Jan. 22, 1877 (ms. from Superin- 
tendent Baudach, Barth, So.) His hymns ap- 
peared in bis Stimmtm ausZion, Iserlohn, 1841, 
and from this a number passed into Knapp'a 
Ev. L. S„ 1830 and 1865. One has boen tr. 
into English. 

Ei rnht Sis Sacht auf Erdsn. Fur the Sick. For 
nae during a sleepless night. 1st pub. 1B41 as above, 
p. 3S, in 10 at. of 4 1., repented in Knapp, lsse, No, 
2484 (ises. No. 21OT). Tr. ae "Now darkness over all 
la Bpread," by Mia Winktmrth, 1S5B, p. SJ. [J, M.] 

Joy to the followers of the Lord, 
Anna L. Barbauld. (Joy.] Written about 
1820, and pub. by her sister in I7w TForfcs of 
Anna Ltctitia Barbauld, «i(k a Memoir, 1825, 
vol. i. p. 339, in 6 st. of 4 1. In Dr. Marti- 
neau's Hymns, 1840, and again in 1873, it is 
given as "Joy to those that love the Lord." 
Thia is also in other collections. In Ellen 
Courtauld's Ps., Hys. A Anthems, 1860. it be- 
gins withst iii., '"Tis a joy that, seated deep," 
atteired to " Joy there is, that, seated deep. 

[J. J.] 

Joy to the world, the Lord is come 
[nigh]. L Watts. [P«. saviH.] 1st pub, in 



JDBES : ET, IN PBAECEPS 607 

his Psalms of David, 4c, 1719, in 4 st of 4 
1., as the 2nd pt of bis version of Psalm 88. 
T. Cotterill gave, in the 1st ed. of his Set., 
1810, a much altered version of text, which 
was repeated in the authorized ed. of lft20 
with the repetition of st. i. as st. v. This 
arrangement is known by st ii., which reads, 
" Ye saints, rejoice, the Saviour reigns," &e. 
Bickersteth's arrangement in Ms Christian 
Psalmody, 1833,88 also in 5 st. ; but the added 
stanza (iii.) is from Watts's version of iho first 
part of the same Psalm. Both of these texts 
have been repeatod in later collections. In 
addition there are also the following: (1) 
" The Lord is come ; let heaven rejoice," in 
Hall's Mitre II. Bk., 183*!; and (2) "Joy to 
the world, the Lord is nigh," in the Irvingite 
Hys.far (he Useof the Churches, 1864, In its 
various forms, but principally in the original, 
it is in use in most English-speaking coun- 
tries. It has also been translated into several 
languages, including Latin, in B. Bingham's 
Eymrto. Christ. Lat, 1870, "Lffititininmundo! 
Dominus nam venit Iesus 1 " [J. J.] 

Joyce, James, m.a., was born at Frorae, 
Somersetshire, Nov. 2, 1781, and was for some 
years "Vicar of Dorking, and d. there Oct 9, 
1850. He pub, A Treatise on Love to God, 
&o, 1822; The Lays of Truth, a Poem, 1825 ; 
and Hymns with Notts, 1849. This last is a 
small work which he compiled for his pa- 
rishioners. It is composed of passages of Holy 
Scripture, Meditations, and 20 Hymns. Of 
his hymns, the following are in C. U. : — 

1. Diiown'd of Heav'n, by man ejpiert, {On Ixhatf 
of the Jews.'] Tl:is appeared In the Christian Observer, 
Nov., 1S09, in E et. of 4 ]., beaded, "Hymn applicable 
to the present condition of the Jews," and signed "J. J. " 
The form m which it ia known to modem collection* Li, 
" O why should Israel's sons, once Uess'd." This ap- 
peared In IHckerBtcth's Christian psalmody, lB33,and 
ia widely need. The cento, " Lord, visit Thy forsaken 
race— vine," in use in America, la Bickersteth's (1SS3) 
semen-bat altered. 

3, High en the bending willow* hung . [0n behaty 
of the Jews.') Tliis hymn was given in the December 
numlttr of the Christian Observer, lsuu, in G st. of 4 1„ 
as " A second hymn applicable to the present condition 
of the Jews," and algned "J. J." 

S, Israel bewails her freedom gone, [Oniehalf of 
tAe Jews.] This is his " Third Hymn applicable to the 
present condition of tite Jews," and was given In the 
Christian Obterrer, Dee., 1SW, with No, !, It is ia 
S st. of * 1., and Bigned " J. J." [J, J.] 

Jubes : et, in praeoeps aqnis. C. CoMn. 
[Tuesday.] Pub, in hia ffymni Saari, 1736, 
p. 15, and again in the Pan's Breviary of the 
same year, for Tuesdays at Matins, It is also 
in the Lyons and other modem French Brevs. ; 
in Card. Newman's Hymni EccUsiae, 1838 
and 1865 ; and in J, Chandler's Hys. of the 
Primitive Church, 1837. Tr. as:— 

1. Ha speak* the word; the flood* obey. By 
J. Chandler, in his Hys of the Prim. Church, 
1837, p. 17. It was repeated in Dr. Oldknow's 
Hymns, &c, 1850 ; and as " God speaks the 
word; the floods olrey," ia the " Additional Ps. 
1/ Hys," given in the Scottish Episco. Coil., 1S58. 

2. The word ia given, the water* flow, By 
I. Williams. Appeared in the British Magazine, 
Julr, 1834; and again in his Hys. Tr. from the 
Parisian Brev., 1839, p. 18. 

3. He apake t and fathering into one. By 
J. D. Chambers, in hia Lavda Syon, 1857, p. 16 i 
and the Salisbury H. Bk,, 1857, 



608 



JUBILATE 



4, Hum spakest, Lord, and Into one. By the 
Compiler* of H. A. $ M., I86t, bated upon 
I. Williams's tr. above. This is repeated in 
other collections. 

fi, Thou spakat the word, the waters, flew. This 
in the Hymnal for the Use of St. John the 
Evangelist's, Aberdeen, 1870, is I. Williams's tr. 
altered. 

6, Father, Whs this earth hart given. This 
in the Hymnary, 1873, is Jt Williams's tr. re- 
written in L. M. It is appointed for Septna- 
gesima. [J. J.j 

Jubilate. [Prayat, Bosk ef Common.] 

Jubilenras omnes una. TAdeeni.'] 
This sequence for the 4th S. in Advent is 
found in a 12th cent. English Gradual in the 
British Museum (Re$. 2, B. iv. f. 65), and a 
£e^t^ia7^,oir.1199(Calig.A.xiv. f.44). Also 
in two 11th cent. Freuish Missals in the British 
Museum [A<1 J. 16,305 (of Paris), f. 18 b ; and 
Add, 30,058 (of Sens), f. 16 o], 14fch oent. So- 
rum Missal (Latisdown, 433, f. 11 6), &c. The 
printed text is in tho reprints of the Sarum, 
York, Hereford and Arbuthnott Missals; in 
Neale's Sequentitte, 1852, p. 8; Daniel, v. p, 
174 (from NeaW); KtJirein, No. 5. Tr. as: — 

Honour and glory, thanksgiving and pralae. By 
E. A. Dayman, for the Hymnary, and pub. 
therein, 1ST 2. It is repeated in the Zaudes 
Domini, N.T., 1884. Other trs. ore: — 

1. Let us all rejoice together. J. D. Chambtri, 1966. 

a. Before to* all-creating Lord, C. B. Pearson, In 
Ana JfttjoJ in ihtfiii*, 18SB. [ J. M.] 

Jubilemus pia mente. [For the Djring. 
Jn Time of Pestilence.") The only Ma. form of 
this sequence we have been able to find is in 
a 15th cent. Sarum Missal in tho Bodleian 
(Liturg. Misc., 372, f. 261 o). It is also found 
in the eds. of the Sarum Missal printed at 
Venice, 1491; London, 1408, <fcc; and in the 
Burntisland reprint is given at cots. 887*-889*. 

This sequence occurs i n a Ma?s, Pro mortailtato evitande 
(for escaping death by pestilence), which is introduced 
by a notice which states that Pope Clement, with all the 
Cardinals in conclave, composed and arranged the Moss, 
and granted to all those who were truly penitent, and 
had made their confession, and hod heard this Mass, 300 
days of indulgence (i.e. remission of canonical penalties), 
and that all those who heard this Moss should carry in 
the hand a Itghteil candle while hearing Mass on the 
five day b following ; and ohoold hold It in the hand, 
kneeling, throughout the whole Maes. And so sudden 
death could not hurt them. And this was certified and 
approved in Avignon and Its neighbourhood. Tiie Pope 
mentioned was Clement VI., elected Pope, May 1, 1342. 
The contagion alluded to wee brought to Italy In I34f by 
merchants from the Levant, and aeon spread over Europe, 
causing a fearful amount of mortality. Clement, at 
Avignon, then the seat of the Papacy, distinguished 
himself by trying In various way* to alleviate and ter- 
minate this scourge, providing for the nursing and sup- 
port of the etch, the burial of the dead, &c. 

Translation in C. U. : — 

Holy Trinity, before Th*e. By Harriet Mary 
Chester, made for and pub. in the Hytfaiary, 
1872, in 7 st of 6 I., and signed " H. M. C." 

Another ti. is : — 

With pious minds let us rejoice. C. B. Pearson, In 
the Sanaa. Jfuurf in English, 1868. [yf A. S.j 

Jucundare pleba fldelis. Adam of SL 
Victor f [Cbtninoti of Evangelists.] A fine 
sequence founded on Ezek i. 4-28, x. 9-22, 
nnd Bev. iv. 6-8. The "living creatures" 
are made symbolical of the Evangelists, St. 
Mutthew being represented by the man, 
St Luke by the ox, St. Mark by the lion, 



JUDKIN, THOMAS J. 

and St. John by the eagle. Then under 
another figure tiie Evangelists are compared 
to the four rivers which 'watered Paradise 
(by later writers St, Matthew is represented 
by Glhon, St. Mark by Tigris, St Luke by 
Euplirates, and St, John by Pison). The 
sequence has generally been ascribed to Adam 
of St. Victor, and is included in L. Gautier's 
ed. of Adam's Oeuvree poetiques, voL ii., 1858, 
p. 425; bnt in bis ed. 1881, p. 223, Gautier 
says that the rhythm is unlike Adam, and as 
he thinks Adam's authorship is doubtful, he 
does not print the tost, but merely refers to 
it in a Gradual of St. Victor before 1289 
(Bibl. Nat, Paris, No. 14448), a Paris Gradual 
of the 13th cent. (B, N„ No. 15615), and 
other sources. F, W. E. Both, in his Latei- 
nische Hijmnen des Mittelalters, 1887, No. 252, 
gives the readings of n Gradual of the end of 
the 12th cent, (now at DiuuMtadt), where it 
is given as a sequence for SS. Mark and 
Luke. It is in a York Mistal, cir. 1390, now 
in the Bodleian, but belonging to University 
College, Oxford; in nn early 14th cent. 
Paris Missal in the British Museum (Add. 
16905, f. 298); in the Magdeburg Missal of 
1480 and others. The printed text is also in 
Daniel, ii. p. 84; Trench, ed. 1864, p. 62; 
Kehre/n, No. 4 27 ; Wrangham's Liturgical 
Poetry of Adam of St. Victor, 1881, vol. iii. 
p. 162. In Ihe uses of St. Victor, of Cluny, 
and of Paris it was the sequence for the 
festival of St Matthew. The full trs. of this 
hymn are, (1) " Faithful flock in whose pos- 
sessing," by J. M Neale, in his Med. Hyt., 
1851, p. 78; altered in later editions to 
"Children of a heavenly Father"; and (2) 
"O bo joyful, faithful nation," by D, S. 
Wmnghnm, in his Liturgical Poetry of Adam 
of St. Victor, 1881, iii. p. 163. Portions of 
the hymn are also included in " Come, pure 
hearts in sweetest measure" (p. i&Q, ii.). (See 
also " Sing to God," in Yarioui.) [J. M.] 

Judkin, Thomas James, ma., s. of a 
London tradesman, was b. at London, July 25, 
17S8, and was educated at Cams College, Cam- 
bridge (b.a. 1815, m.a. 1818), mainly at the 
expense of Sir William Curtis, an alderman 
of the City of London, After taking Holy 
Orders in 1816, he held various curacies, 
until 1828, when he was preferred as minister 
of Somers Chapel, St. Pandas, London. He 
d. Sept 11, 1871. He pub. Tvxive Signs of 
Ote Times; Popith Aggression; and other works, 
including a volume of sonnets as Bygone 
Moods. His hymns were published mainly for 
ths use of his own congregation and appeared 
as : — 

(1) Chunk and flows Psalmody; being a Collection 
of Paint/ran the Old and JVeua Versions, and Origi- 
nal Hymns, far Congregational and Domestic Purposes, 
1S31. In 183* this was enlarged and issued as (3) 
Church and Some Jfslodiet, being a Few Version of tht 
more devotional parts of the Ptaime, together wiiK a 
Version of t?ie l^tectc, and Original AjyniTtf ; for Con- 
gregational and Domestic purpose*. This was divided 
Into (I) "Spirit of the Paalms." (3) "Collects In 
Verse." (3) "Hymns en the Gospels, and (4) "Ori- 
ginal Hymns." (3) The 3rd ed. was pub. in ISST. At 
the end of the volume two title-pages were supplied, that 
the hook, If eodeetred, might be divided into two, one as 
The Spirit of the Psalter s The OolUeti in Fsrit ; to- 
gethtr with flJWMW tungatei by the eotpttt for the day 
throughout the Tear ; and the other, Sacred ilttodtts j 
or Original Evmnt for Omgregational and Domcttia 
Uis. 



JUDSON, ADONIRAM 

From the 1st ed, of his CoU. the fallowing 
hymns are in C. U. : — 

1. Enthiaaed li Jestts now. Ascension. 

2. Holy Spirit, Fount of Messing. Whitsuntide. 
s. How thill I pray, Lord, to Thee. Prayer. 
4. We ere Journeying to a pEsce. Heavenward* 

t. WhenlnlhedsrkandohHidvdsr. <R»iM,flI[foa(I- 

[J.JJ 

Judson, Adoniram, d.d., b. at Maiden, 
Massachusetts, Aug. 9, 1788, where his father 
waaPaatorof aBaptist Church, Hegraduated 
at Brown University, Providence, fihode la- 
land, 1807; and went in 181S, together with 
his first wife, as a Missionary to India. After 
encountering various hindrances from the 
East India Company, they began their mis- 
sion in Bormah. On June 8, 1821, Bangoon 
having been taken by the British, Dr. Judson 
was imprisoned by the natives, and was kept 
in captivity until the Burmese capitulated to 
tho British in' 1826. His first wife dying on 
Oct. 24, 1826; he married the widow of his 
late colleague, G. D. Boardman (*efe Hull, 
see below), April 10, 1834. He d. at sea, 
April 12, 1850, and was buried in the deep. Ho 
translated the Bible into Burmese, and wrote 
several tracts in that language. A Burmese- 
English Dictionary was compiled from his 
papers. His Memoirs, by Dr. Wayland, were 
pub. in 1853. His hymns include : — 

I. Our Father (tod, [Lord] Who art in heaven. 
Zfttf Lord's Prayer. This hymn is dated " Prison, 
Avb, Mnrch 1825," and wax written during hie 
imprisonment above referred to, it was given 
In his Memoirs, 1853, vol. i. p. 308. It is in 
C, U. in G. Britain and America. 

t. Our Savionr bowed beneath the wave. Holy 
Baptism. This dates from 1829, or earlier, and 
is in 7 st. It is said to have been "sang at the 
Baptism of several soldiers at Moulmein, British 
Pegu." St, i.-iii. usually form the hymn, 

& Gome, Holy Spirit, Bore divine. Holy Bap- 
tism. This is composed of st. vii^v., vi. of No. 2, 
and is found in WineheJl's Coll^ 1832. 

[P. M. B.] 

Judson, Sarah, nee Hull, daughter of 
Ralph Hull, was b. at Alstead, New Haven, 
Nov. 4, 1803, and married first to the Kev. 
George D. Boardman, and afterwards to Dr. 
Judson (see above). She d. at St. Helena, 
Sept. 1, 18*5. Her fine missionary hymn, 
" Proclaim the lofty praise,** is in W. Urwiok's 
Dublin CoU., 1829, No. 142, in 4 st of 8 1. 
Its appearance in America prior to this has 
not been traced. [F. M. B.] 

Jussu tyrannl pro flde. Nicolas h 
Toumeaux. \8L John at the Latin Gate."] 
Appeared in the Cluauus Breviary, 1686, p. 188, 
and the Paris Breviary, 1736, as the hymn at 
Lauds for the Feast of St. John, Ante Portam 
Latinam. It is also in several modern French 
Breviaries ; Card. Newman's Bymni Ect&esiae, 
1838 and 1865 ; and J. Chandler's Hys. of the 
Primitive Church, 1837, No. 45. It is tr. as : — 

1. John, l>y a tyrant's stem eommand. By 
I. Williams. Pub. in his Hys. Tr. from the 
Parisian Breviary, 1339, p. 203, in 5 St. of 4 1. 
It has been repeated in a few hymn-books, 
including the English Hymnal, 1852 and 1861,4k. 

1, As exile fin the faith. By ¥.. Caswell. 
Pub. in his Lyra Cat/toUca, 1849, p. 289, in 6 st. 
•f 4 If and again in bis Hys. $ Poems, 1873, 



KAMPFF, JOHANN 



609 



p. 195. In addition to its use in its original 
form in Roman Catholic hymn-boots for missions 
and schools, and others, it is also given in part 
as follows : — 

1. In H. A. 4 Jf, 1361 and 1875, and others 
which have copied therefrom, st. i.-iii. are by 
J£. Caawall, and iv,, v. are by the compilers. 

2. In the Parish H. Bk., 1863 and 1875, 
st, i.-iv. are by £. Caswali, with st. iii. re- 
written, and v., vi. me by G, Fhilliraore. This 
was repeated in the S.P.C.K. Church Hys., 1871, 
and others. 

3. In the ffymnary, 1872, is the Parish H, 
Bk. text, slightly altered, with the addition of 
a doiology bmed on Caswall's tr, ■• 

1. For Jess's sake, to lonely lasds. By F. Pott, 
based upon E. Caswali as above, was given in 
his Hymns, ic, 1861, 

Another tr. Is : — 

Beloved disciple of thy Lord. J. Chandler, 1S3T. 

[J- JO 

Just as I am, without one plea. 

Charlotte Elliott. [The Lamb of God.] Writ- 
ten for and 1st pub. in the Invalids Hymn 
Book, 1836, in 6 st. of 4 1-, and beaded with 
the text, " Him that oometh uido Me, I will 
in no wise cast out '' (see Index to Invalid's 
H. Bit.). During the same year it also ap- 
peared in Hiss Elliott's Hoars of Sorrow 
Cheered and Comforted, with the additional 
stanza, " Just as I am, of that free love," &o- 
From this last work the hymn has been trans* 
ferrcd to almost every hymnal published in 
English-speaking countries during the past 
fifty years. It has been translated into almost 
every European language, and into tho lan- 
guages of many distant lands. The testimony 
of Miss Elliott's brother (the Rev. H. V, 
Elliott, editor of Psalms and Hymns, 1835) tu 
the great results arising from this one hymn, 
is very touching. Ho says : — 

" In the course of s long ministry, t nope I have been 
permitted to see some fruit of my lsboors; out I feel 
far aiore has been done by a single hymn of my sister's. 4 

The text of this hymn is usually given in 
full, and without alteration, as in Church 
Hymns, 1871, No. 408. It ranks with the 
finest hymns in the English language. Us 
success has given rise to many imitations, the 
beat of which is B. B. Cook's " Just as thou 
art, without one trace." A Latin rendering, 
" Ut ego sum ! neo alia ratione utens," by B. 
Bingham, is given in his Hymno. Christ. Lot., 
1871, and a second by H. M. Maogill, in his 
Songs of the Christian Creed and Life, 1876, 
as, " TibI, qualis sum, O Christe I " 



Justinian's 
§ x. 10.] 



Hymn. ra*e«k 



[J. J.] 
Hynuudy, 



K 

" K ," in Dr. Rippon's Bap. Selection. 

plow arm a foundation, &e-J 

Kn, in Dr. A. Fletcher's Collection. [Hew 
arm a fbsndatios, fco.3 

KHmpff, Jonann, was a native of Staffel- 
stein in Franconia. After studying at the 
Universities of Wittenberg and Jena, he was 
appointed in I6C|4 diaoonus at St Margaret's 



610 



KEACH, BENJAMIN 



Church, and subsequently at the Augustiner- 
kiiche in Gotha, Along with his colleague 
at the Augustinerkirche, he fell a victim to 
the pestilence, and d. Oct. 30, 1625 {Koch, iii. 
114; ms. from Dr. Otto Dreyer, Superinten- 
dent at Gotha). Theonly hymn by him which 
has passed into English js 

Venn iofc in TodesnSUwn bin. Ttir the Dyinp. A 
beautiful prayer of faith, founded on 8l John i&. 34. 
Appeared, with his name, aa No. 2 in pt. iii. of tbe Cnn- 
titmaUs Raarvm, Goth*, 1618, in 8 st. of 7 1. Included 
In FroyHngbausen's 0. B., 1101, and in Forst's C. fl., 
cd. 1B5S, Ho. 865. IV. 13 t— 

Whan in the paine of death my heart. A good <r. of 
st. i,, Si, viL, vlll. by A, T, Buasell, as No. 249 in his 
FS. A Hift., 1861. [J, M.] 

THaV(OP, [Greek Hymnody, § xvl. 11.] 

KttTa/3aO"Mt. [dm* Hymnody, § XVI. 6.] 

Kadwfia. [OlM* Hymnody, g XVI. 3.] 

Keach, Benjamin, was h, at Stoke- 
Hammond, Bucks, Feb. 29, 1640. Early in 
lifo he joined a Baptist Church, and at 18 
began to preach. For the next 10 years ho 
laboured as an evangelist in the towns and 
Tillages of his native county, suffering at 
times much persecution for his principles as a 
Baptist and Nonconformist. In 16Gi, he pub. 
a small book entitled The ChiJd^s Instructor; 
or, o ifeto and Easy Primer. For this he was 
tried before Lord Chief Justice Hyde, and 
condemned to a fine, imprisonment and the 
pillory. In 1668 he removed to London, and 
became pastor of a Particular Baptist Church 
which met, first in private houses, and after- 
wards in Horselydown, Southwark. There a 
large congregation gathered round him, to 
whioh he ministered with great acceptance 
and usefulness until his death in 1701. Keach 
deserves special mention for the part he took 
in introducing singing into Baptist congre- 
gations, having been the first who did so. 
[Baptist Hymnody and Engliih Hymnody, Early, 
§ xii.] He wrote many hymns, the earliest 
appearing in his War with the Powers of Dark- 
net*, 4th ed., 1676. Nearly 300 by him were 
pub. in 1691 as Spiritual Melody, their sub- 
jects being the Metaphors of Holy Scripture. 
This subject had been previously expounded 
by him in his Tropciogia, « Key to open Scrip- 
ture Melapltors, 2 vols, folio, 1682. His .Dis- 
tressed Sion Relieved, or The Garment of Praise 
for tlie Spirit of Heaviness, was pub. in Load., 
1689. It is mainly in blank verse, is dedi- 
cated to William and Mary, and is written in 
praise of Protestantism against Romanism, lit 
1691 he also pub. The Breach Repaired in 
God'e Worship; or Singing of Psalm*. Mymns 
<fc Spiritual Songs proved to be a Holy Ordi- 
nance of Jesus Christ, &c. (London, J. Han- 
cock) ; and also Spiritual Melody the same 
year. His latest poetical work appeared in 
1696: A Feast of Fat Things: containing 
several Scripture Songs and Hymn*. Keach 
was a voluminous writer, forty-two works 
being pub. by him, in addition to prefaces 
and introductions to the books of others. Hi> 
hymns have pawed out of (^ V. [W. E. S.] 



KEBLE, JOHN 

Koble, John, m.a., was b. at Fairford, in 

Gloucestershire, on St Mark's Dar, 1792. His 
father was Vicar of Coin St. Aldwin's, about 
three miles distant, but lived at Fairford in a 
house of his own, where he educated entirely 
his two sons, John and Thomas, up to the 
time of their entrance at Oxford. In 1806 
John Keble won a Scholarship at Corpus 
Christi College, and in 1810 a Double First 
Class, a distinction which up to that time 
had been gained by no one except Sir Robert 
Peel. In 1811 he was elected a Fellow of Oriel, 
a very great honour, especially for a boy under 
19 years of age ; and in 1811 he won the Uni- 
versity Prizes both for the English and Latin 
Essays. It is somewhat remarkable that amid 
this brilliantly successful career, one compe- 
tition in which the future poet was unsuccess- 
ful was that for English verse, in which he 
was defeated by Mr. Bolleston. After his 
election at Oriel, he resided in College, and en- 
gaged in private tuition. At tbe close of 1813 
he was appointed Examining Master in tlie 
Schools, and was an exceedingly popular and 
efficient examiner. On Trinity Sunday, 1815, 
he was ordained Deacon, and in 1816 Priest, 
by the Bishop of Oxford, and became Curate of 
East Leach and Burthorpe, though he still 
continued to reside at Oxford. In 1818 he 
was appointed College Tutor at Oriel, which 
office he retained until 1823. On the death of 
his mother in the same year, ho left Oxford, 
and returned to live with his father and two 
surviving sisters at Fairford. In addition to 
East Leach and Burthorpe, he also accepted 
the Curacy of Southrop, and the two brothers, 
John and Thomas, undertook the duties be- 
tween them, at the same time helping their 
father at Coin. It should be added, as an 
apology for Keble thus becoming a sort of 
pluralist among "tbe inferior clergy," that 
the population of all his little cures did not 
exceed 1000, nor the income £100 a year. In 
1821 came the only offer f a dignity in the 
Church, and that a very humble one, which he 
ever received. The newly-appointed Bishop 
of Barbadoes (Coleridge) wished Keble to go 
out with him as Archdeacon, and but for his 
father's delicate state of liealth, he would pro- 
bably have accepted the offer. In 1825 he 
became Curate of Hursley, cm the recommenda- 
tion of his old pupil, Sir William Heathcote; 
but in 1826, on the death of his sister, Mary 
Ann, he returned to Fairford, feeling that he 
ought not to separate himself from his father 
and only surviving sister. He supplied his 
father's place at Colu entirely. 1827 was 
memorable for the publication of the Christian 
Year, and 1828 for the election to the Provost- 
ship of Oriel, which his friends, rather than 
himself, seem to have been anxious to secure 
for Iiim. In 1829 the living of Hursley wan 
offered to him by Sir William Heathcote, but 
declined on the ground that he could not leave 
his father. In 1830 he published his admir- 
able edition of Soaker's Worke. In 1831 tho 
Bishop of Exeter (Dr. Philpotts) offered him 
the valuable living of Paignton, but it was 
declined for the same reason that Hursley had 
been declined. In the same year he was also 
elected to the Poetry Professorship at Oxford, 
His Prtelectiones in that capacity were much 
admired. In 1833 he preached his famous 



KEBLE, JOHN 

Assize Sermon at Oxford, which is said by Dr. 
Newman to Lave given the first start to the 
Oxford Movement. Very soon after the pub- 
lication of this sermon the Tracl$ for the 
Timet began to be issued. Of these Tracts 
Keble wrote Nos. 4, 13, 40, and 89. In 1835 
hia father died, and Keble and his sister re- 
tired from Pairford to Ooln. In the same 
year he married Miss Clarice and the "Vicar- 
age of Hnrsley, again becoming vacant, was 
again offered to him by Sir W Heathoote, and 
as the reason for his previous refusal of it no 
longer existed, he accepted the offer, and in 
1836 settled at Hursley for the remainder of 
his life. That life was simply the life of a 
devottd and indefatigable parish priest, varied 
by intellectual pursuits. In 1864 his health 
began to give way, and on March 29, 1866, he 
pawed away, his dearly loved wife only sur- 
viving him six weeks. Both are buried, side 
by side, in Hursley churchyard. 

In hl3 country vicataga lie was not Idle with his pen. 
In 1839 he published his Jfet]"icBl T%rjfo»<>f the Peatvis, 
The yem before, he began to edit, In conjunction with 
.Ufa. 1'iisey and Revmon, the Library of the Fathers. 
In 1S48 he published the Lyra ItauxenUvm, and in 1841 
s voiwne at Acadtmieal and Qeeational Strntem. His 
pen then seems to have rested for nearly ten years, when 
the agitation about the Divorce Bill called forth from him 
in 1851 an essay entitled, An Argument for not pro- 
ceeding immediately to repeal the Laws vmiek treat the 
Jfuptial Bond at Indistotuite; *nd In the same year the 
decision of Archbishop Sumner In the Denison esse 
elicited another essay, the full title of which is The 



KEBLE, JOHN 



611 



Worthip of Our Lard and Saviour in We Sacrament of 
'& ......... 

he publls! 
work, We Life of Btohop Wilton (of Sodor and Men). 



the Huh Communion, bu^wblch is shortly entitled, 
JBucharutical Adoration. 



is 
In 1863 he ] 



mbllshed his last 



This cost him mora pains than anything he wrote, but it 
was essentially a labour of love. 

In the popular sense of tbe word " hymn," 
Keble can scarcely be called a hymn-writer at 
all. Very many of his verses have found their 
way into popular collections of Hymns for 
Public Worship, bat these are mostly centos. 
Often they ore violently detached from tbeii 
context in a way which seriously damages 
their significance. Two glaring instances of 
this occur in the Morning and Evening hymns. 
In the former the verse " Only, Lord, in Thy 
dear love, Fit us for perfect rest above," loses 
half its meaning when the preceding verse, 
ending "The secret this of rest below," is 
excised, as it generally is in collections for 
public worship, and the same may be said of 
that most familiar of all Keble's lines, "Sun 
of my soul, thou Saviour dear," which has 
of coarse especial reference to the preced- 
ing verse, ""lis gone, that bright and orbed 
blaze," &c. The Lyra Innocerttivim bas fur- 
nished but few verses which have been 
adopted into hymn collections; the Psalter 
has been more fortunate, but the translations 
from the Latin are almost unknown. 

Taking, however, the word " hymn " in tbe 
wider sense in which Dr. Johnson defines it, 
as "a song of adoration to some superior 
being," Keble stands in the very first rank of 
hymn-writers. His uneventful life was tho 
very ideal life lor such a poet as Keble was, 
bat not the sort of life which woald be best 
adapted to train a papular hymn-writer. The 
Christian. Tear and the Lyra Imtocentiwm re- 
flect in a remarkable degree the surroundings 
of tlio writer. They are essentially the works 
of a refined and cultured mind, and require a 
refined and cultured mind to enter into their 



spirit. Kebte, all his life long, and never 
more than in the earlier portion of it, before 
he wrote, and when he was writing The Ohrii- 
tian Year, breathed an atmosphere of culture 
and refinement. He had imbibed neither the 
good nor the evil which the training of a pub- 
lie, or even of a private, school brings. It 
■was not even tho_ ordinary home education 
which he had received. H.& had been trained, 
up to the very time of his going to college, 
by his father, who was clearly a man of cul- 
ture and refinement, and had been himself 
successively Scholar and Fellow of Corpus. 
When he went to Oxford, he can scarcely be 
said to have entered into the whirl of uni- 
versity life. The Corpus of those days has been 
admirably desoribed by Keble's own biogra- 
pher, Sir John Coleridge, and by Dean Stanley 
in his Life of Dr. Arnold ; and the impres- 
sion which the two vivid pictures leave upon 
the mind is that of a home circle, on lather a 
large scale, composed of about twenty youths, 
nil more or less scholarly and refined, and 
some of them clearly destined to become men 
of mark. When he removed across the road to 
Oriel, he found himself in the midst of a still 
more distinguished band. Whether at home 
or at college he had never come into contact 
with anything rude or coarse, Andhis poetry 
is just what one would expect from each a 
career. Exquisitely delicate and refined 
thoughts, expressed in the most delicate and 
refined language, are characteristic of it all. 
Even the occasional roughnesses of versifloo- 
tion may not be altogether unconnected with 
the absence of a public school eduoation, when 
public schools laid excessive stress upon the 
form of composition, especially in verse. The 
Christian Year again bears traces of the life 
which the writer led, in a clerical atmosphere, 
just at the eve of a great Church Revival, 
"cujus pars magna, fuit." ''You know," he 
writes to a friend, "the C. Y. (as far as I re- 
member it) everywhere supposes the Church to 
be in a state of decay." Still more obviously 
is this the case in regard to the Lyra Imo- 
eentiam. It was being composed during the 
time when the writer was stricken by what he 
always seems to have regarded as the great 
sorrow of his life. Not the death of his nearest 
relations — and he had several trials of this 
kind — not the greatest of his own personal 
troubles dealt to him so severe a blow as the 
secession of J. H. Newman to the Church 
of Rome. The whole circumstances of the 
fierce controversy connected with the Trust 
movement troubled and unsettled him ; and 
one can well understand with what a sense 
of relief he turned to write, not /or, bat 
about, little children, a most important dis- 
tinction, which has too often been unnoticed. 
If the Lyra, had been written for children 
it would have been an almost ludicrous failure, 
for the obscurity which has been frequently 
complained of in The Christian Year, is still 
more conspicuous in the latter work. The 
title is somewhat misleading, and bos caused 
it to be regarded as a suitable gift-book for tho 
young, who are quite incapable of appreciating 
it. For tbe Lyra is written in a deeper tone, 
and expresses the more matured convictions 
of the author; and though it is a far less 
successful achievement as a whole, it rises in 



612 



KEBLB, JOHN 



places to a higher strain of poetry than The 
CkridUtn Tear does. 

Another marked feature of Keble's poetry 
is to a great extent traceable to his early 
life, viz. tho wonderful accuracy and vivid- 
ness of his descriptions of natural scenery. 
The ordinary school-boy or undergraduate 
cares little for natural scenery. The country 
is to him a mere playing-field. But Kebla a 
training led bin) to love the country for its own 
sake. Hence, as Dean Stanley remarks, 
" Oxford, Bagley Wood, and the neighbour- 
hood of Huntley might be traced through 
hundreds of lines, both in The Christian Tear 
and the Lyra Innoeentittm." Tho same writer 
testifies, with an authority which no other 
Englishman could claim, to " the exactness of 
the descriptions of Palestine, which he [Keble] 
had never visited." And may not this remark- 
able fact be also traced to some extent to his 
early training ? Brought up under the im- 
mediate supervision oi a pious father, whom 
he venerated and loved dearly, he had been 
encouraged to study intelligently his Bible in 
a way in which a boy differently educated was 
not likely to do. Hence, as Sir John Coleridge 
remarks, 

"Jfte Christian Tear fs so wonderfully scriptural. 
Keble's mind vu, by long, patient and affectionate 
study of Scripture, so imbued with It that 11b Language, 
its train of thought, its mode of reasoning, seem" to flow 
out Into hie poetry, almost, one should think, uncon- 
sciously to hlmseir." 

To this may we not add that the same 
intimate knowledge of tho Bible had rendered 
the memory of the Holy Land so familiar to 
him that he was able to describe it as ac- 
curately as if he had seen it? One other 
early influence of Keblo's life upon his poetry 
must be noticed. Circumstances brought him 
into contact with the "Lake poets." The 
near relation of one of the greatest of them had 
been his college friend, and John Coleridge in- 
troduced him to the writings not only of hie 
uncle, B. T. Coleridge, but also of Words- 
worth, to whom he dedicated his Prstfectione*, 
and whose poetry and personal character he 
admired enthusiastically. To the same col- 
lege friend he was indebted for an introduc- 
tion to Southey, whom he found to be " a noble 
and delightful character," and there is no 
doubt that the writings of these three great 
men, but especially Wordsworth, had very 
much to do with the formation of Keble's own 
mind ns a poet. It has been remarked that 
in Keble's later life his poetical genius 
seemed to have, to a great extent, forsaken 
him ; and that the Mieeellaneout Poem* do 
not show many traces of the spirit which 
animated The Christian Tear and the Lyra 
ImtoeenHunt. Perhaps one reason for this 
change may be found in the increased interest 
which Keble took in public questions which 
were not conducive to the calm, introspective 
state of mind so necessary to the production 
of good poetry. The poet should live in a 
world of his own, not in a world perpetually 
wrangling about University Reform, about 
Courts of Final Appeal, about Marriage with 
Deceased Wife's Sister, and other like mat- 
ters into which Keble, in his later years, 
threw himself— heart and soul. 

It is not needful to say much about Keble's 
other poetical works, The Ptalter wag not a 



KEBLE, JOHN 

success, and Keble did not expect it to he. " It 
was undertaken," he tells us, "in the first in- 
stance with a serious apprehension, which lias 
sincegrown iuto a full conviction, that the thin? 
attempted is, strictly speaking, impoisibl*. 
At the same time, if Keble did not achieve 
what he owned to be impossible, he produced 
a version which has the rare merit of never 
offending against good taste ; one which in 
every line reflects the mind of the cultured 
and elegant scholar, who had been used to 
the work of translating from other languages 
into English. Hymnal compilers have hitherto 
strangely neglected this volume ; but it is a 
volume worth the attention of the hymn- 
compiler of the future. There is scarcely a 
verso in it which would do discredit to any 
hymn-book; while there are parts which 
would be an acquisition to any collection, 
His translations from the Latin have not oom- 
mendedthemselvestohymnalcompilers. Some 
of his detached hymns h'ave been more popular. 
But it is after all as writer of The Chrittton 
Tear that Keble has established his claim to 
be reckoned among the immortals. It would 
be hardly too much to say that what the 
Prayer Book is in prose, The Christian Tear 
is in poetry. They never pall upon one ; they 
realise Keble's own exquisite simile ; — 
" Jtg tor some dear familiar strain 
tintired weuk, and atk again; 
Kt er id its melodious store 
Finding a spell unheard before." 

And it would hardly be too bold to prophesy 
that The Christian Year will live as long as 
the Prayer Book, whoso spirit Keble had so 
thoroughly imbibed, and whose " soothing in- 
fluence " it was his especial object to illustrate 
and commend. [J. H, O.] 

Keble's hymns, poetical pieces, and trans- 
lations appeared in the following works : — 

(1.) The ChrMian Year: Thoughts in Yenefar the 
Sundays and ffolydays Throughout the Year. Oxford : 
John Henry Parker, lear. Preface dated "May ioih, 
JS27." The last poem, that on the" Comminution," is 
dated March 9, 1837. The poems on tiie "Forme of 
Prayer to be used at Sea," "Gunpowder Treason," 
"King Charles the Martyr," "The Restoration of the 
lloyal Family," "The Accession," and "Ordination,' 1 
were added to the 4th edition, 18S8. The Messrs. Parker 
have pnb. a large number of editions to date, including a 
fac-simiU reprint of the first edition, and an edition with 
the addition of the dates of composition of each poem, 
A fae-timiU of Keble's ks. as It existed in 1822 wasaiso 
lithographed in 1982, by Eliot Stock, but its publication 
was suppressed by a legal injunction, and only a few 
copies came tnto the hands of the public. Since the 
expiration of the first copyright other publishers have 
issued the work In various forms. 

(3.) Contributions to the Brititk K^aiite, which 
were included in Lyra A^ottotica, isse, with the signa- 
ture of " y-" 

(3.) The Psalter or Piatmi of David ; /« J?itjrKii 
Verse ; By a Jfemoer of the University of Ostford, 
Adapted for the nottpart.to Timet in Common Cse; 
and abdicated bypermitiivn to the Lord Bishop of Ox- 
ford* - , . Oxford, John Henry Parker: J", tf. <£ F. 
Bivington, London, MDVCCXXXIX. Pra&e* dated " Ox- 
ford, May 29, ISM." 

(40 The ChikTt Christian Year: Hymns -for every 
Sitnday and Holy~Uay* Compiled for the use of 
Parochial Schools. Oxford: John Henry Porker, 1641. 
This was compfled by Mrs. Yonge. Keble wrote the 
Preface, dated " Hursley, Nov. 6, 1941," and signed it 
" J. K." To It he contributed the four poems noted 
below. 

(6.) Lyra InnocentiWh -* Thought* in Verse on CJtrit- 
tian Children, their Ways and their Privilege* . . . 
Oxford : John Henry Parker i F. A J. Rivington, Lon- 
don, 1846. The Metrical Address (In place of Preface] 
" To all Friendly Headers," to dated "Feb. 8, W48." 

(ft.) Lays of the Sanctuary, and other /tool*. Cm- 



KEBLE, JOHN 

fOed and MtUed 6 y (f. Sternum de M. Rutherford . . . 
London: BanOton, Adams * Cb.. IBM. This iu ■ 
volumeof poems published on behalf of Blrs. Elisabeth 
Good. To It Xeble contributed the three piecee noted 
below. 

(>.) PA<SiI<i»Br)r^mtn-A»%,Is«r. Edited by Earl 
Nelson. To thli be contributed a few hymns, some 
translations from the Latin, and pome rewritten farms 
of well-known hymns, as " Guide me, Toon great 
Jebovsh, H eto. 

f o.) JKateUanenH Patau by tta Jter. /. SOU, M.A.. 
Y&iar ofMiiriley. Oxford and London: Porker ACQ., 
1S6», The excellent Preface to this posthumous work Is 
dated "CJiester, Feb. 12, lSSVand Is signed "&. If.," 
I.e. by George Hoberly, late Bp. of Salisbury. This 
volume contains Kettle's Ode written lor tbe Installation 
of tbe Duke ot Wellington u Chancellor of the Uni- 
versity of Oxford, in 1834, bla poems from the Lyra 
Apotatiea,amarntnt named abowe, bis translations from 
tbe Latin, and other pieces net publlahed In his works. 

The most important centos from The Ohrit- 
Uan Year, which are in 0, U. as hymns, and 
also the hymns contributed to tlie Salitbwry 
JET. Sh\, 1857, are annotated in full under the 
first lines of the original poems. The tr*. from 
the Latin and Greek ue given under the 
first lines of the originals. There are also 
several of his more important pieces noted in 
the body of this work. AU these may be 
found through the Index of Author! and 
Tr». at the end of this Dictionary. Those that 
remain (mainly centoa) and bare no special 
history, are the following (the dates given being 
those of the composition of each piece): — 

i. From The Christian Year, 1827 and 1828. 

1. Cttator, Saviour, strengthening Guide. Trinity 
Sunday. (March s, less.) 

a. Father, what treasures of sweet (bought Church. 
imgofrromtn, (March 13, ISM.) 

3, Qod lam* in the earthquake: but behold. If* a 
after Trinity. The ttill tmait wibe, (Aug. 13, IBM.) 

4. In truublona days of aogulah and rebuke. 9th S. 
after Trinity. ThtttW mail voice. (Aug. is, ISas.) 

6. Lessons sweet of spring returning. . It* 8. afar 
XpipAany. .Sbrfajr. (May IV, ISM.) 

s. My Saviour, can it ever be F *t» S. after Baiter, 
The promited Comforter. 

1. Father of long suffering grace. Mh S. after 
Trinity. QoStlongniffering. (Oct, «, lsaSO 

3. God of mercy, God of might, How should, be 
B. Votmunitm. (Jan. 31, 18ST.) 

9. O Lotd my God, do Toou Thy holy will. Wea- 
nttday brfore Matter. Betignation. (Aug. 13, 1121.) 
ID. say not dream [think] not, heavenly notes. 
Catcchitm. (Feb. H, 1B2T.) 

11. O shame up™ thee, listless heart. SS. Pkilip 4 
jomet. (Aug. 3, isas.) 

11. Owboshslldaie In this frail scene r St.Mtrfe 
Pay. (iam.) 

IS. Bed o'er tbe forest peers tbe setting sun. ssrd 
8. after Trinity. The Betnrrection of the body. (Nor. 
IS, IBM.) 

14. SplrltofGhriet.Thlneeameetglve, Ordination. 
(March SI, lSSB.) 

la. Spirit of light and truth, to Thee. Ordination. 
(March 28, ibis.) 

15. Spirit of might and sweetness too. Confirmation. 
(Feb. it, 1827.) 

It. Sweet nurslings of the vernal skies. Utk3.after 
Trinity. Omtider the lOiet. Lite for to-day. (Feb. 

IS. Thedaysofbopeand prayer an past. tthS.aftcr 
Bitter. Thcpromieed Comforter. 

1». The live-long night we've tolled In vain. Stt 3. 
of ter Trinity. Miracle of the Pithet, (1831.) 

M. The midday eun with fiercest glare. Contortion of 
SLPaut. (Mar. 2. IBM.) 

at. Tbe anadow of the Almighty's cloud. Cbr^trma* 
Uon. (Feb. S3, ISST.) 

S3. The silent Joy that sinks so deep. 3m! S. after 
Myiphany. Turning Water into Wine. 

13. Then, fainting soul, arise and sing, 4tK S. after 
Matter. Thepromited Comforter. 

34. When brothers part for manhood's race. St. 
Jndrtvfi Day. (Jan. SI, 1822.) 

M. Who is God's choeen priest! St. JraHWat'i Bay. 

38. Why doth my Saviour weep f 10th * after 
Trinity. Chritt weeping over Jentialein. (1S1».) 



KElUAXrs, CHRISTIAN 618 

3f , VVhy should we faint and fear to live alone f 24th 
S. after Trinity. God'i goodnett in veiling Ot future. 
(June 1, lass.) 

SS. Wish not, dear frienda, my pain away, 1W* A 
after Trinity. Setignation. (1814.) 

a. From The Psalter, 1839. 
St. From deeps so wild and drear. Pi. ens, 

30. God our Hope and Strength abiding, Pt. mini, 

31. How pleasiUit, Lord of hosts, now dear. Pi, 

32. Lord, be my Jndge, for I have trod. Pi , rata, 

33. Lord, Thy heart In love hath yearned. Pi. laws*. 

34. Lord, Thou hast search'd me out and known. Ft. 



33. MyGod,myGod,whyhasiThonmet Pi.mmi. 
St. My Shepherd la the living God. Pi. xxiu, 
SJ. My Shepherd is tbe Lonli I know. Pt.xxiii, 
3a. Praise the Lord, At He Is love. Pt. cxsani. 
St. Praise ye tbe Lord from heaven. Pi. cxint't. 

40. Sing the song nnbeard before. Pt. xevl 

41. Sound high Jehovah's Heme. Pt- cxaxv. 

42. Tbe earth is all the Lord's, with til. Pt.xxiv, 
43 The mercies of the Lord my God, Pt. txxxto. 
44. Theseedof Jacob, one and ell. Pt.xxii. 

iii. From The Child 1 * Christian Year, lUi, 
and later editions. 

ti. Bethlehem, above all cities West. Jtinwsnli' Day. 

46. Lo, from tbe Eastern hills the Lord. 10th 3. after 
Trinity. The Ootpel, (Ijite editions.) 

4t. Our God In glory sits on high. 1st S, after 
Matter. TLeEpittle. 

43. When Christ to village comes or town. 1SWI S. 
after Trinity. The Gotptt. (Late editions.) 

iv. From Lyra Innoeentitm, 1816. 

49. Christ before thy door Is •waiting. Pretence of 
ChrittinHiipoor; or, Offertory. 

so, Hbw (when] the new-born sainta, assembling. 
Offertory. 

Si. Once In His Name Who made thee. Boly Sap- 
titm. 

IS. Who for the like of me will care i Xaamant' 
Servant-maid. 

v. From Latjto/ihe Sanctuary, 1859. 

53. Lord, lift my heart to Thee at mom. Emigrant t 
Midnight Hymn. 

54. Love unseen, we know Thee nigh. Cento from 
No. S3. 

Ss, Slowly the gleaming stars retire. Morning Symn 
for Xinfarantt at Sea. 

SB. The twilight hour is eweet at boms. Evening 
hymn for Mmigrantt at Sea. 

The editor of Keble's MitceUaneou* Poems 
sajs concerning Nos. S3, 55, and 56 : — 

"The three hymn* for Emigrants, for use at Mid- 
night, Morning, and Evening, were written at tbe re- 
quest of his friend Sir Frederic Rogers, at that time 
Emigration Commissioner. They were printed in the 
first edition of the ' Prayers for Emigrants,' which he 
had compiled, but were subsequently omitted, perhaps 
as being thought not suffldently simple for the class of 
people for whose use the Book of Prayers was chiefly 
intended." Preface, p. vi. 

When, to tho 56 centos and hymns given 
above, are added those annotated elsewhere in 
this Dictionary, it is found that nearly 100 
hymns (counting centos as such) by Kebie are 
in 0. XT. at the present time, and of these some 
iank with the finest and most popular in the 
English language. [J, J j 

KeimaTvn, Christian, b. of Zacharias 
Keimann, Xutheran pastor at Pankratz, in 
Bohemia, and after 1616 at Ober-Ullendorf, 
was o, at Pankrala; Fob. 27, 1607. In the 
autumn of 1627 he entered the University of 
Wittenberg, where he graduated M.A., March 
19, 1634; and lu the next month was ap- 
pointed by the Town Council of Zittau as 
Oonrector of their Gymnasium, of which 
he became Rector iu 1638. He d. at Zittau, 
Jan. 13, 1662 (Koeh, iii. 369; AHg. Deutteht 
Biog., xt. 535, 4c>. Keimann was a dis- 
tinguislied tcachtr. He was the author of a 



614 



KE1NEN HAT GOTT 



number of scholastic publications, of a few 
Scriptural plays, and of some 13 hymns. 
Almost all of his hymns came into church 
me, They lake high rank among those of 
the 17th cent., being of genuine poetic ring, 
fresh, strong, full of faith under manifold and 
heavy trials, and deeply spiritual. Two ]ja?e 
passed into Engiish : — 

L Freuet eiuth, Sa Christen sUb. Chrithnat. This 
beautiful hymn la included iu 4 at. of 10 L as No. 24 in 
pi. lv. of A. HammeTschniidtfa Mutikalische AndOGktcn, 

Eub, at Freiberg in Sasouy, 1618 ; end Is set to a tune 
y Hammerschmlot Introduced by Hallelujah repeated 
twelve times. In tbe £T«u. L. S-, 1851, No. 34. Ac- 
cording to Koch, Till. SS, it was composed as part of a 
piece written by Keimann for bis scholars to perform at 
Christmastide, IBIS, and pub. as Ber neuQeborne Jesus, 
at Gwllti, 1«S. Stansa [v. may refer to the truce of 
1646 between Saxony and Sweden. IV. as:— 

rejoice, ye Christians, loudly. A good and full tr. 
by Miss Winkwortb, as No. 33 In ber C. B, for Eng- 
land, Km, where it Is set to tbe original melody, 

ft. Xsznen Jevaia lui ich nioht j Veil or aioh fur 
uioh gegeben, low to Christ. 1st appeared in A. 
Hammemhmidt'e r\tt- Bus* wnd Dancklieder, ZLttau 
and Leipzig, IMS (engraved title, 1959), pt. ill., No. 1, 
in 8 St. of h 1. It is an acrostic on the dying words 
uttered on Oct. 8, 1S6S, by the Elector Johann (Jeorg I. 
of Saxony : Melnen (L), Jesum (!!.), lass (ill.) ich fiv.) 
nlcht (v.) ; at. vl. giving In tbe initial letters of lines 
1-S {J. 4. C. Z. &.) the name, vfi. Johann Georg Cbnr- 
fUrst za Sachsen, and tben in line 6 the motto in full. 
Founded on the worde of Jacob in Gen. xxrii- 36, it has 
comforted and strengthened many ill life and at tbe hour 
of death; and has served as the model of many later 
hymns. Included as No. T3J in the Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 
1883. Tr. as : — 

1 will leave my Jesus never! A good tr., omitting 
at. ill., included as No. 44a in the Pennsylvania Luth. 
Ch. Bk., 1888, marked as Unknown tr., 1B64. 

Other tea. are s— (1) " Never will I part with Christ," 
by /. C. Jaoobi, 1122, p. 8ft (1132, p. 132% and tbenee 
In the Moravian B. Bk., 1)51 (1886 as pt. of No. 452 
altered, and beginning, " Jesus will 1 never leave "). 
(3) " I will not let Jesus go," by J. S. Stallybrass in 
the Jbnfc SoWa Reporter, Dec. 1880. (3) "Jesus will 
I ne'er forsake," by £. Jfiusis, 1861, p. 111. (4) "My 
Redeemer quit I not," by JV. L. I'rotAinghoyai, IS To, 
P. »W. [J. M.J 

Keiuen hat Gott verlaseen. [Trwt in 
God."] Wadkernagel, v. p. 275, gives this hymn 
from the Geittlichs Lieder, Erfurt, 1611, and 
the Ghristliches QesangJriUMein, Hamburg, 
1612, in S at of 8 L Also in Miitzell, 1855, 
No. 590, and the Berlin Q. L. 8., ed. 1863, No. 
847. In the 1612 it is entitled " A hymn on 
the name of the serene right honourable prin* 
cess and lady, Lady Katbarina, by birth and 
marriage Margravine and Electress of Bran- 
denburg." As she d. Sept. 30, 1602, the 
hymn probably dates from the 16th cent. The 
initials of the S st form the name Katariiia. 
The common ascription to Andreas Kessier, 
who was only b. in 1595, is baseless. Tr. as: — 

(1) "Haste. Lord, within my worthless heart." Atr. 
or at. vl. by C. Kiuchen, as So. 33 in the Moravian H. 
Bk., 1112. In 1188 and later etis. (1886, No. 444, as- 
cribed without ground to Catharine Grossmann) it begins 
" Lord, accept my worthless heart." (2) ■■ Amen, 
this the conclusion,'' a tr, uf at. vlli., as No. 80S, tn the 
Moravian. B. Bk., 180L (ISSfl, No. 118), [J. JM 

K\6)ltlL, Gtaorge, [How flrm a fbundation.1 

Kelly, John, was b. at Newoastle-on- 
Tyne, educated at Glasgow University, studied 
theology at Bonn, New College, Edinburgh, 
and the Theological College of the English 
Presbyterian Church (to which body he bo- 
longs) in London. He has ministered to con- 
gregations at Hebburn-on-Tyne and Streat- 
ham, and is now (1887) Tract Editor of ihe 
Religious Tract Society. His translations of 



KELLY, THOMAS 

Paul Gerhardt's Spiritual Song* were pub. in 
1867. Every piece is given in full, and rendered 
in the metre of the originals. His Hymns 
of ihs Present Century from the German were 
pub. in 1886 by the B. T. S. In these in, 
the metres of the originals have not always 
been followed, whilst some of the hymns have 
been abridged and others condensed. His 
translations lack poetio finish, but are faithful 
to the originals. [W. G. H.] 

Kelly, Thomas, b.a., b. of Thomas 
Kelly, a Judge of the Irish Court of Common 
Pleas, was b. in Dublin, July 13, 1769, and 
educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was 
designed for the Bar, and entered the Temple, 
London, with that intention ; but having un- 
dergone a very marked spiritual change he 
took Holy Orders in 1792. His earnest evan- 
gelical preaching in Dublin led Archbishop 
Fowler to inhibit him and his companion 
preacher, Rowland Hill, from pleaching in 
the city. For some time he preached in two 
unconsecTatod bnildingB in Dublin, Plunket 
Street, and the Bethesda, and then, having 
seceded from the Established Church, he 
erected places of worship at Afhy, Poriar- 
lmgton, Wesford, &c, in which he conducted 
divine worship and preached. He d. May 14, 
1854. Miller, in his Singer) & Song» of the 
Church, 1869, p. 338 (from which some of the 
foregoing details are taken), says : — 

" Mr. Keuy was a man of great and varied learning, 
skilled in the Oriental tongues, and an excellent Bible 
critic. He was possessed also of ruusicai talsnt, and 
composed and published a work that was received with 
favour, consisting of music adapted to every form of 
metre in bis hymn-book. Naturally of an amiable dis- 
position and thorough in bis Christian piety, Mr. Kelly 
became the friend of good men, and the advocate of 
every worthy, benevolent^ and religions cause. He was 
admired alike for his Zealand hishumiLLty; and bis Liber- 
ality found ample scope In Ireland, especially during 
the year of famine." 

Kelly's hymns, 765 in all, were composed 
and published over a period of 51 years, as 
follows : — 

(O A ColUctionqf Ptalmt and Bymns extracted from 
Various Authors, by Thomas JTel&y, A^B., jPuWttt, lsoa. 
This work contains 241 hymns by various authors, and 
an Appendix of 33 original hymns by Kelly. 

(2) Bumnt on Various Postages of Scripture, Baolin, 
ISO*. Of thla work several editions were inunUshed : 1st, 
1804; and, 1808; 3rd, 1809; 4th, 1813. This last edition 
was published in two divisions, one as Byi&nton Various 
Pottages of Scripture, and the second as Hymnt adapted 
for social Worship. In ISIS Kelly issued Mjpims by 
r*omoj Kelly, not before PuKithed. Tbe 6th ed., 
1820, included the two divisions of 1812, and the new 
hymns of 181B, as one work. TV) the later editions of 
1820, 1B26, ISM, 1840, laid, and less, new hymns were 
added, until the last pnhUshed by If. Moses, of Dublin, 
1863, contained tbe total of JSB. 

As a hymn-writer Kelly was most success- 
ful. As a rule his strength appears in liymiiB 
of Praise and iu metres not generally adopted 
by tbe older hymn-writers. His " Come, see 
the place where Jesus lay" (from "He's 
gone, see where His body lay ")," From Egypt 
lately come " ; " Look, ye saints, the sight is 
glorious"; "On the mountain's top appear- 
ing"; "The Hend that once was crowned 
with thorns" ; "Through the day Thy love 
has spared us" ; and "We sing the praise of 
Him Who died," raufc with the first hymns 
in the English langaage. Several of his 
hymns of great merit still remain unknown 
through so many modern editors being appa- 
rently adverse to original investigation. Iu 



KELLY, THOMAS 

addition to the hymns named and others, 

which are annotated under their respective 

first lines, the following are also in C. U. :— 

i. From the Psalm* and Hymns, 1802 : — 

1. Grant us, Lord, Thy graciona presence. Con. 
wtencount of Divine tt&riaip, 

2. Jeans, Immortal King, go- on [displayj. Jfittfau. 

3. Saviour, through the desert lead us. Divine 
Guidance Desired. 

t. The day of rest ones more [again] comes round. 
AmdVfv. 

a. we're no abiding city here. Seeking Heaven* 

1L From the Hymn* ok F. Passages of 
Scripture, let ed., 1804 : — 

«, Boundless glory, Lord, he thine, i*r«iie for tie 
Gospel. 

7. By ■whom shall Jacob now arise ( Epiphany. 

8, Glory, glory to our King. -Traits to Christ at 
Xing. 

s. How pleasant Is the Bound of pralso. Praite for 
Bedemption. 

id. How sweet to leave the world awhile. Jit Ketire- 
aient, or Jbr a Betreat. 

11. In farm I long had bowed the knee. /eflK, <a« 
Suvftwr, or Praite far Salvation. 

12. Jt is finished i sinners, hear It. Good Friday. 

15, Jeens, the Shepherd of the sheep, JAe Good 
Shepnerd. 

14. Let reason vainly boast her power. Death. 

16. Poor and afflicted, Lord,are Thine. Afiietien. 
is. Praise we Htm to Whose kind favour. Close of 

Service. 
IT. Spared a little longer. Softly in God. 

18. {Stricken, smitten, and afflicted, Pattitmti&t, 

iii. From the Hymns, &c, 2nd ed, 180S :— 

19. Farfromuabegriefandeadnees. ieycf Bclievcrt. 

20. Give us room that we may dwell, Missions, 

21. Glory, glory everlasting. Praise ofJesut. 

33. Godbae. turned tny grief to gladness. Joyafter 
Sorrow. 
23. Happy they who trust In Jesus. Peace in Jesvt, 
31. Hark, the notesof angels singing. Angels prais- 
ing Jesus. 

36. Hark ! tls a martial sound. Christian Ltfe a 
Warfare. 

26, I hear a sound [voice] that cornea from far. TKe 
Gospel Message. 

37. Jeaua Is gone np on high. #ivtne Worship, 

39. Now [0g may the Gospel's conquering power. 
Bone Mission*. In tbe lessed. of theifsmtu it begins 
" may the Gospel's conquMng force." 

29. O Zton, when I think on thee. Desiring Heaven. 

30. Praise the Saviour, ye who know Him. Praite 
of fetut. 

31. See from Zlon'a sacred mountain. The .fountain 
ofLtfe. 

33. The atoning work is done. Jetut (ht Sigh Priest. 
33. Zlou is Jehovah's dwelling. The Church of God. 
3*. Zlon stands by hills surrounded. The Safety of 
the Church, 

36. Zion's King shall reign victorious. Jtitsiant. 

iv. From the Hymns, &c, 3rd ed., 1809 :— 
3$, Behold tbe Tempie of the Lord, The Church a 
Spiritual leniBte. 

37. Blessed Fountain, full of grace, fountain for 
Sin. 

38. Brethren, come, our Saviour bids us. Holy Com. 
sum ton. 

39. Fly, ye seasons, fly still fester. Second Advent 
Desired. 

40. God of Israel, we adore Thee. Sttning. 

41. Gracious Lord, my heart is fixed. Trust and 
fence. 

42. Hark, a voice ! it comes from heaven. Death. 

43. Hark, that shout of rapt'rous Joy. Second Advent. 

44. If our warfare be laborious. Labour and Rest, 
46. Lo,.Hecomes, let alludors HIeo. Missions, 

46. Nothing know we of the season. Time of Second 
Advent uncertain. 

4T. had I tbe wings of a dove, fiolincu and 
Heaven desired, 

48. O where Is now that growing love. Despondency, 

49. Our Father sits on yonder throne. God the lather. 
Do. Ours la a rich and royal Feast. S. Communion, 
61. Shepherd of the chosen number. Safety in the 

Good Shepherd. 

63. We're bound for yonder land. Life, a Voyage. 

63. Welcome eight ! the Lord descending. The Second 
Advent. 



KEMPENFELT, RICHARD 615 

(4. Whattsllfertisbntavapour. Death anticipated, 

65. Who Is this that comes from Edom f Ascension. 

66. Why those fears ? Behold 'tis Jesus. Stilting the 
Sea. 

67. Without blood ie no remission. Patsiontide, 

68. Yes, we trust tine day is breaking. Jftittons. 

v. From Hymns ; Hot before Published, 
1815;— 

69. BeholdtheLambwithglorycrowned. Hscaltation 
of Christ. 

69. Qod ts love, His word has said it. God it Love. 

61. God of our salvation, hear us. Opening or Close 
of Divine Worship. 

63. In Thy Name, D Lard, assemblfng. Convntnce- 
ment of Divine Wortaip. 

63. Keep us. Lord, i) [and] keep na ever. Divine 
Worship. 

64. Let sinners saved give thanks, and sing, Praite 
for Salvation. 

66. Praise tbe Lord Who died to save as. Passion- 
tide. 

m. Salvation ts of Qod alone. God the Author of 
Salvation. 

67. Saviour, come, Thy [saints] friends await Thee 
[are waiting], Second Advent desired. 

«a. Sweet were the sounds that reached our ears. 
Divine Jtercy. 

69- We'll slog of the Shepherd that died. The Lost 
Sheep. 

79, When we cannot eee our way. Trust and peace. 

71. Who Is this that calms the ocean ; Stilling the 
Sea. 

vi. From the Hymm) on V. Postages of 
Scripture, 4c„ eds. 1820 and 1828 :— 
73. Grace is tbe sweetest sound. Divine Grace. 

73. Now let a great effectual door. Mittiont, 

74. Now may the mighty arm awake. Missions. 
T6. Now may tbe Spirit from above. Same Missions. 

76, Sing, slug His lofty praise. J*rai» of Jesus, 

77. Sound, sound the truth abroad. Missions. 

78. Speed Thyservants, Saviour, speedthem. Depar* 
ture of Missionaries. 

vii. From the Hymns oh V. Passages, &e., 
1836:— 

79, Come, O Lord, tbe heavens rending. Prater for 
Blessings. 

60. The night Is far Bpent, the day is at hand. The 
Second Advent. 

tin. From the Hgtans on V. Patmges, 4o. ( 
circa 1845 : — 

81. Joyful be tbe hours to-day. Sunday, 

81. Lord, behold us few and weafc. Opening of 
Divine Service. 

63. Meet Thy people, Saviour, meet us. Meetings 
for Prayer. 

64. Saviour, send a blessing to us. Prayer for Diets* 
ingt. 

8&. Sing of Jesus, elng for ever. Praise of fetut. 

ix. From the Hymns on V. Passages, Sets., 

1853 :— 
8S. Precious volume, what thou doest. B. Scripture, 
n. Unfold to us, O Lord, unfold. Divine aid to 

reading s. scripture, 

All these hymns, together with those anno- 
tated under their respective first lines are in 
the 185!! ed. of Kelly's Hymns pub. in Dublin 
by HI. Moses, and in Iibndon by Simpkin, 
Marshall & Co. Kelly's musical editions are 
issued by the same publishers. [J. J.] 

Kempenfelt, Richard, of Swedish de- 
scent, was b. Oct., 1718. In Jan., 1741, he 
obtained a lieutenant's commission in the 
British Navy. He became captain in 1757, 
and admiral in 17£0. He was drowned in 
tbe " Hoya.1 George," which sank in harbour 
at Portsmouth on Aug. 29, 1782. Admiral 
Kempenfelt was an admirer of Whiten 1 eld and 
the Wesleys, and interested himself much in 
evangelistic work. His hymns were pub. as 
Original Hymnt and Poems. By PhUotheorus, 
Exeter, printed by B. Thorn, 1777, and were 
dedicated " To the Hev. Mr. Fletcher, Vicar of 



cie 



KEMFFF, JOHANN 



Madeley, in Shropshire." They were re- 
printed, with a Preface, by D. Sedgwiok, in 
1861. Although most of these hymns ore 
given in the older collections, only a few re- 
main in modern hymn-books, and, including 
centos, are: — 

1. Bear me <m Thy rapid wing. Praise to Aim in 
■Beaten. 

2. Burst, ye emerald gates, anl bring, Praise to 
ferns in Xcaocn. 

3. Gentle Spirit, watt me over, Heaven duirtd. 

4. Halt, TJiou eternal Logos, hail. Adoration of 
Jesus* 

8. Hark. 'Ha the trump of Uod. The Last Day. 
6. O my Redeemer, come. The Last Day* 

Of these Nob. 1 and 2 are from the same 
hymn ; and Nos. 5 and 6 also from another. 
The original texts of Nos. 3, 5, and 6 are in 
Lyra Brit., 18G7, pp. 349-52. [J. J.] 

KemptT, Johann. [XBmpff, ?•] 

EempiS, ThomttS h. [Thomas of K«mp«n,] 

Keniptliorne, John, b.d., s. of Admiral 

Kempthorne, was b, at Plymouth, June 24, 
1775, and educated at St. John's, Cambridge 
(b.a. 1796, b.d. 1807), of which he subse- 
quently became a Fellow. On taking Holy 
Orders, he became Vicar of Northleaoh, Glou- 
cestershire, in ISIS ; Vicar of Wedmore, Somer- 
setshire, 1827, and the same year Rector of 
St Michael's and Chaplain of St. Mary <Ie 
Grace, Gloucester. He was also a Preben- 
dary in Lichfield Cathedral from 1826, and 
sometime Examining Chaplain to the Bishop 
of that diocese. Ho d. at Gloucester, Nov. 6, 
1838. His liymnologicat work is : — 

Select Portions of Psalnsfrom Various Translations, 
and Hynnsjrom Various Authors* The whole Arranged 
according to the yearly Seasons of the CKitrek of Eng- 
land, viitA attempts at corrections and improvements. 
By the Rev. Jttkn Kempthorne, B.D. .... London. 
Sdtchard. 1810. 

In this collection there are a few hymns of 
merit, as " Forgive, O Lord, our wanderings 
past," " Great God, to Thee our songs we 
raise," and " Praise the Lord, ye lieavens 
adore Him," which are usually ascribed, on 
D. Sedgwick's authority, to J. Kempthorne. 
These hymns, however, are not by Kemp- 
thorne, but were taken by him for his col- 
lection from the Foundling Hospital Ft. & 
fly »., 1796 and 1801-9 ; and there is no evi- 
dence whatever that ho had anything to do 
with that hymn-book. As that book is fre- 

auently quoted by hynmologists, we append 
io title-page of the 1801 ed., which is a re- 
print of that of 1797 ;— 

Psalms, Hymns, and Anthems. • sttng in the Chapel 
qf the Hospital for the Maintenance and Education of 
Exposed and Deserted Young Children. London, 
Printed in the Tear X.DCCC.I. At the end of eomi 
copies of this edition there is pasted in a four-paged sheet 
of hymns which include, with others, "Praise the Lord, 
ye heavens adore Him " (q.v.). 

In the 1st ed. of his own Select Portion' of 
Ptalmt, &c, 1810, Kempthorne did not in any 
way indicate his own hymns, bat in the 2nd 
ed. of 1813 (which id a reprint of the 1st ed. 
with an Appendix of 11 hymns) he says in his 
Preface : — 

"For Hymn 140 and Hymn, p. 26T. Appendix ; for 
almost all of Ps. 42, p. 19T i Pa. 61, p. ST and 01 ; Ps. 
S4, \: 195; Ps. S6,p. 134; Ps, US, p. 49 J Hymn 127 [ 
and tor a considerable part of Ps. 22, p. 64 ; Ps. 1 it, p. 
103; lis. 133, p. HI; Ps. 139, p. 3S( Hymns ID, 43, SI, 
SI, ST, lot, lis, and several other*, the Editor is re- 
■ponslble, and acknowledges his obligations to some 
land friends.' 1 



KEN, THOMAS 

Of these hymns and psalm versions, which 
Kempthorne claims as nis own, only one or 
two are in 0. U, [J. J.] 

Ken, Thomas, d.d. The bare details of 
Bp. Ken's life, when summarised, produce 
these results : — Born at Berkhampstead, July, 
1637 ; Scholar of Winchester. 1651 ; Fellow 
of New College, Oxford, 1657.; B.A., 1661 ; 
Rector of Little Eastern, 1663 ; Fellow of "Win- 
chester, 1666; Sector of Brighstone, 1667: 
Rector of Woodliay and Prebendary of Win- 
chester, 1 669 ; Chaplain to the Princess Mary 
at the Hague, 1679; returns to Winchester, 
1680; Bp. of Bath and Wells, 1665; im- 
prisoned in the Tower, 1688; deprived, 1691 ; 
died at Longleat, March 19, 17j{. 

The parents of Ken both died during Ids 
childhood, and ho grew np under the guar- 
dianship of Izaak Walton, who had married 
Ken's elder sister, Ann. The dominant Pres- 
byterianlsm of Winchester and Oxford did not 
shake the firm attachment to the English 
Church, which such a home had instilled. 
His life until the renewal of his connection 
with Winchester, through his fellowship, his 
chaplaincy to Morley (Walton's staunch friend, 
then bishop of Winchester), and his prebend 
in the Cathedral, calls for no special remark 
here. But this second association with Win- 
chester, there seems little doubt, originated his 
three well-known hymns. In 1674 he published 
AHanwilaf Prayers for the Use of theSchoUirt 
of Winchester College, and reference is mado 
in this book to three hymns, for " Morning," 
"Midnight," and "Evening," the scholars 
being recommended to use them. It can 
scarcely be questioned that the Morning, 
Eveninjj, and Midnight hymns, pub. in the 
1695 edition of The Manual, are the ones re- 
ferred to. He used to sing these hymns to 
the viol or spinet, but the tunes he used are 
unknown. He left Winchester for a short 
time to be chaplain to the Princess Mary 
at the Hague, out was dismissed for his 
faithful remonstrance against a case of im- 
morality at the Court, and returned to Win- 
chester. A similar act of faithfulness at 
Winchester singularly enough won him his 
bishopric. He stoutly refused Nell Gwynne 
the use of his house, when Charles II. came 
to Winchester, and the easy king, either from 
humour or respect for his honesty, give him 
not long afterwards the bishopric of Bath and 
Wells. Among the many acts of piety and 
munificence that characterised his tenure of 
the see, his ministration to the prisoners and 
sufferers after the battle of Sedgmoor and the 
Bloody Assize are conspicuous. He inter- 
ceded for them with the king, and retrenched 
his own state to assist them. He attended 
Monmouth on the scaffold. James II. pro- 
nounced him tho most eloquent preacher 
among the Protestants of his time; tho 
judgment of Charles H. appears From his pithy 
saying that he would go and hear Ken " tell 
himof his faults." Anionjrthe faithful words 
of the bishops at Charlesfs death-bed, none 
were so noble in their faithfulness as his. He 
was one of the Seven Bishops who refused 
to read the Declaration of Indulgence, and 
were imprisoned in the Tower by James for 
their refusal, but triumphantly acquitted on 



KEN, THOMAS 

their trial. At the accession of William lit. 
he refitted, after some doubt on the subject, 
to take the oath*, and was at length (1691) 
deprived of his Bee. His charities had left 
him at this time onlj seven hundred pounds, 
and his library, as a means of subsistence ; 
but he received hospitality for his remain- 
ing years with his friend Lord Weymouth, 
at Longleat The see of Bath and Weils 
was again offered him, but in vain, at the 
death of his successor, Bp. Kidder. He sur- 
vived all the deprived prelates. His atti- 
tude as a nonjuror was remarkable for its 
conciliatory spirit. The saintliuess of Ken's 
character, its combination of boldness, gentle- 
ness, modesty and love, has been universally 
recognised. The verdict of Mac&ulay is that it 
approached " as near as human infirmity per' 
mite to the ideal perfection of Christian 
virtue." The principal work of Ken's that 
remain* is that on the Catechism, entitled 
The Practice of Divine Love. His poetical 
works weje published after his death, in 4 vols. 
Among the contents ore, the Hymns for the 
Fettivalt, which are said to have suggested 
to Keble the idea of The Christian Tear; the 
Anodynes against the acute physical sufferings 
of his closing years ; and the Preparative* fir 
Death. Although many passages in them ore 
full of tender devotion, they cannot rank 
either in style or strength with the three 
great hymns written at Winchester. (See 
Enfli*b Hymaody, lorry, § z.) The best bio- 
grapies of Ken are The Life of Ken by a Lay- 
man, and, speoially, his Life, by the . Very 
Bev. B. H. Plumptre, Dean of Wells, 1888. 

[H.L.BJ 

Bishop Ken is known to hymnody as the 
author of the Morning, Evening, and ibftd- 
nigkt Hwnw, the first and second of which 
at least have foond a place in almost every 
English collection for the last 150 years. The 
general history of these hymns, as we now 
Snow it, is as follows :~ 

1. In ] 674 Ken pub. bis Manual of Prayers 
for Winchester Scholars as 

A Manual of Prayert far the Uteo/thc scholar! of 
Winchattr Oollcgt [here ram of Will™ of Wyketwm 
within • boiderj. London, Printed far John Martyt, 
UM.Unw, pp. «. 

Prom a passage in this work it may fairly 
be inferred that the author had already com- 
posed hymns for the use of the scholars. He 
Says: — 

" Be rare toeing the Morning tad Evening Hymn In 
toot clumber devoutly, remembering (bat the Psalmist, 
upon happy experience, mures you that it is * good 
thing to tell of the loving kindness of tbe Lord eoily in 
the morning ud of hb truth in the night uuon," 

Two hymns only seem to be here referred to, 
but the expression "night season" may in- 
clude both the Evening and Midnight hymns, 
and the latter would be only used occasiin- 
ally. The hymns are not given in the Manual 
of 1674, or succeeding editions, until that of 
1695, when the three hymns are added as 
an Appendix, The title of this edition is : — 
A Manual a/ Praifer* For the Vie of the Stholari of 
Winekater CWlem, And aU othtrBemat Cftriitiant. 
7b vfhtch it Added three B)/wnt for Morning, Evening, 
and Midnight ; not in former Bditioni : By the Sane 
Author. Newty Reviled. London, printed for CtarUt 
Brome at Me Ovn, at Me West end of St. Pant's Chmth, 
IMS. 

2. In 1704 Bustard Smith, a London pub- 



KEN, THOMAS 



617 



lishe*, issued a hook similar in appearance to 
the .Manual, and entitled A Conference bet-ween 
the Soul and Body concerning the Present and 
Future State. This edition contained a strong 
recommendation by Dodwell, an intimate 
friend of Ken, but no hymns. To the 2nd 
ed., however (1705}, were added two (Morn- 
ing and Evening) hymns, with Ken's name 
appended, but containing two additional verses 
to Ihe Evening hymn, and differing in several 
other respects from the text of the Manual. 
Thereupon Charles Brame, to whom the copy- 
right of the latter belonged, issued a new 
edition with an Advertisemeni stating that 
Ken "absolutely disowned" the hymns ap- 
pended to the Conference, " as being very false 
and tmconect," and that the genuine text was 
that given in the Manual <xAj. Brome's 
Advertisement tenia". — * 

" Advertisement*-. Whereas st the end of a Book lately 
Publieb'd call'd, • A Conference between the Soul and 
Bod;,* there are some Hymna said to be writ by BJebop 
Ken, woo absolutely disowns them, as being very false 
and uncorrect ; but the Genuine ones are to be boa only 
of Charles aroint, Bookseller, whose just Propriety the 
Original copy is." 

3. In 1709, however, the spurious hymns 
were again pub. as Ken's in a hook entitled 

A Jfexe y«or*« 0{ft : in Two Parti : to which it added 
A Morning and evening Bymn. By Thomat, late L. 
B. of Bath and Welti. The Third Kditi/m with addi- 
tions. London Printed" of W. Ontsjr. live. 

Brome met this, as before, with a new 
edition of the Manual, in which the Adver- 
tisement of 1705 as above was repeated, but 
the text of the hymns considerably revised. 
This revised text was followed in all subse- 
quent editions of the Manual, but as, until 
lately, it was thought to have appeared first 
in ihu edition of 1712, published soon after 
Ken's death, its genuineness was suspected by 
many. The question as it then stood was 
fully discusseain an able letter by Sir Boun- 
dell Palmer (Lord Selborne), prefixed to the 
reprint of Ken's Hymns, pub. by D. Sedgwick 
in 1S64. Since that time the discovery in the 
Bodleian Library of a copy of the Manual of 
1709 BhowB that the revision was made in that 
year, and confirms the conclusion at which 
Lord Selborne had previously arrived, that it 
was Ken's genuine revised text. The title of 
this edition is : — 

A Manual of Proffer* For the Ute of the Seholari of 
Winchattr CMege, And all other Devout Chrittiant, 
To vfhich it added three Hymm for Morning, Bvenmg, 
and Midnight ; Bo the tame Author, jfewty Reviled. 
London : Printed for Charlet Brame at the ffun. Me 
Wat end of St. Pavl'l Church, 170». 

The Advertitement before referred to is at 
p. 130. The alterations of 1709 may therefore 
be accepted as being made by Ken himself, and 
it seems not improbable that the revision was 
suggested by the recent republication of the 
spurious text in spite of Brome's disclaimer in 
1705, and possibly by adverse criticism of the 
original text. Lord Selborne pointed out in 
his Letter that Ken altered a passage in his 
Practice of Divine Love (1st ed., 1085) because 
" some Boman Catholic writer professed to 
discover the doctrine of Transubstantiation " 
therein. This alteration was made in the 2nd 
ed., 1086, and explained in the Preface to 
have been made "to prevent all misunder- 
standing for the future." A passage also in 
the Manual — "Help me, then, ye blessed 
Hosts of Heaven, to celebrate that unknown 



618 



KEN, THOMAS 



sorrow, &o." — whb claimed in a Boman 
Catholic pamphlet as a passage which "taught 
the scholars of Winch ester to iuvocate toe 
whole Court of Heaven." This passage Ken 
altered " to prevent all futme misinterpreta- 
tions," and prefixed an Advetiusement to the 
1687 ed. of the Manual explaining why he had 
done so, In looking through the texts of the 
three hymns for 1695, and 1709, and especially 
at the doxologies, and at st. X". and xi. in tho 
Evening Hymn, " You my Blest Guardian, 
whilst I sleep," &c. (1695); and"0 may my 
Guardian "while I sleep," 4c. (1709), do we 
not see a good and sufficient reason to account 
for the revision of the hymns ? 

4. With regard to the text given in the 
Confarenee, Lord Selborue observes that ft is 
not improbable that alterations and various 
readings, originating with Ken himself, might 
have obtained private circulation among liis 
friends, long before ho bad made up his own 
mind to give them to the public ; a suggestion 
which may possibly help to explain the fact, 
that a writer, patronised by Dodwell, was 
misled into believing (for such a writer ought 
not lightly to be accused of a wilful fraud) 
that the text, pub. in the Conference in Ken's 
name was really from his hand. That Ken 
occasionally altered passages in his writings 
when for any reason he considered it neces- 
sary, is certain ; and there can be little doubt 
that the text of the three Winchester hymns 
was more or less unsettled before 1695. At 
any rate, before their first appearance in that 
year in the Manual the Evening hymn had 
found its way into print. It was pub. in 

" Uanmnia Sacra ; ar Divine Hymitt and Z>ia5rwite* 
■ . . Computed by the Best Masters . . . The Words by 
seteral Learned and Pious Persons. The Second Book, 
London, Henry PUtyfvrd, 1683. 

The first volume, of this work appeared in 
1G88, and was dedicated to Ken, It is not 
improbable therefore tliat Playford, when 
collecting materials for his second volume, 
obtained the words of the Evening flaunt 
directly from the author. The text is here 
subjoined : — 

*' As Evesikg HriiK. 
" The vroida by Bishop Ken. 
" Set by Mr. JcrcmiaJi Clarke. 
" AH praise to Thee my God ibis night 



For nil tbe blessings of the llelit . 
Keftp me, oh keep me, King of Idnga, 
Under Thy own Almighty wings. 



I[ Forgive me, Lord, for Thy dear San, 
The ill that 1 this day have done, 
That with tho world, myself and Tbee, 
L ere I sleep, at peace may be. 

14 Teach me to live, that X may dread 
The Grave as little as my bed ; 
Teach me to die, bo that I may 
Triumphing rise at the last day, 

" Oh may tny Soul on Thee repose. 
And with sweet sleep mine eyelids close. 
Sleep that may nie tnoie vlg'rons make, 
To praise my God when 1 awake. 

" When in the night I sleepless lie, 
My sout with heav'nly thoughts supply j 
Let no III dreams disturb my rest, 
No pow'rs of darkness me molest. 

" My dearest Lord, how am I griev'd 
To lye so long or Thee bereav'd ! 
Dull sleep of eence me to deprive, 
1 am but half my days alive, 

ei But though sleep o'er my weakness reigns. 
Let it not bold me long in chains, 
But now and then let loose my heart, 
TU) it an Hallelujah dan ; 



KEN, THOMAS 

11 The faster sleep the sence does Mod, 
The more unfetter'd is the mind ; 
Oh may my soul from matter free 
The unvcll'd Goodness waking see. 

" Oh t when shall I In endless day, 
For ever chase dark steep away. 
And endless praise with th' heavenly choir, 
Incessant sing and never tire ; 

" Yon mj beat Guardians, whilst I sleep, 
Close to my bed your vigils keep, 
And in my steM all tbe night long 
Srag to my God a gratefuL song. 

'* Praise God from whom all blessings flow, 
Praise Htm all creatures here below ; 
Praiee Him above, the angellck host. 
Praise Father, Son, and Holy dhoet/' 

In comparing this text with that of 1695, 
the following differences are found : — 

1693, lft»G. 

St. 1., 1, l t All praise Glory. 

St, iH., L3, so that that so. 

St- iv>, L 4, praise serve* 

St, vi M 11. i and 3 rewritten. 

„ 11. 3 and 4 transposed as I and 3. 

St. vii. } 1. 1, weakness frailty. 

„ 1. 3. But now And now* 

St, vitL, I. 4, The TKy. 

St. x.* 1. 1, best Guardians blest Guardian,. 

Stanza x* was Also expanded In 1*96 into two by the 
addition of new 3rd and 4th line* to st, i., and the 
construction of st, *L oat of two nev lines followed by 
Lines 3 and 4 of lfifta. 

The hymn was set by Clarke as a Cantata 
for a solo voice, with the Doxology as a chorus 
in four parts. 

5, We now submit the texts of the Morning, 
Evening) and Midnight hymns, as they appear 
in the 1695 and the 1709 editions of the 
Manual respectively i — 

Awake my soul and with the aun» [Morning.'] 
The texts of 1695 and 1700 are subjoined in 
parallel columns for tbe purpose of comparison, 
the variations of 1709 being printed in italics. 



1695a 

" A Morning Hymn, 
1 Awake my Soul, and with 

the Sun, 
Thy daily etsge of Duty 

run; 
Shake off dull Sloth, and 

early rise* 
To pay Thy morning Sa- 
crifice. 
4 Redeem thy mts-spent 

time that's past, 
Live this day, as If 'twere 

thy laet: 
T h Improve thy Talent 

take due care, 
'Gainst the great Day 

thy self prepare, 
"As all thy Converse be 

sincere,, 
Thy Conscience as the 

Noon -day clear ; 
Think how All-Seeing 

God thy ways, 
And all thy secret 

Thoughts surveys. 
i4 Influenced by the Light 

divine, 
Let thy own Light In 

good Works shine i 
Reflect all Heaven's pto- 

pittous ways, 
In ardent love and tbeai- 

fnl praise. 
1 "Wake, and lift up tby 

self, my Heart, 
And with the Angels 

bear tby part, 
Who ail night long un- 
wearied sing, 
Glory to the Eternal 

King. 



ISM, 
" A Homing Hymn, 
u Awake, my Soul, and 
with the Sun, 

Thy dally Stage of duty 
run, 

Shake off dull Skath, and 
joyful rise. 

To pay thy Morning Sa- 
crifice* 
" Thy precivu* time wi** 
pent, redeem t 

JSachprttent day thy last 
£ T Eteem t 

Improve tby Talent vrith 
due Care, 

Jhr the Great Day tby 
self prepare. 
'*/» Omversaiitin he sin- 
cere, 

Keep Conscience as tho 
Noon-tide clear. 

Think bow All-seeing 
God thy ways. 

And all thy Secret 
Thoughts surveys. 
■* By influence yf tbe 
Light Divine* 

Let tby own Light to 
Others Shine, 

Reflect all Heaven's pro- 
pitious Bays, 

In ardent Love^and shear* 
ful Praise. 
: ' Wake, and lift up tby 
self my Heart, 

And with the Angels 
bear thy part. 

Who all Kfgbt long un- 
wearied Sing, 

High Praia to the Eter- 
nal King. 



KEN, THOMAS 



KEN, THOMAS 



619 



" I wake, t wake, je hea- 
venly Cholra, 

May your Devotion me 
Inspire, 

Tint I like you my Age 
msy spend, 

Like yon msy on my 
God attend. 

«■ Hay I like yoo In God 

delight, 
Have all day long my 

God In stint, 
Perform like you my 

Maker"! Will. 
Omaylnevermoredoilt, 

" Had I your Wings, to 

Heaven I'd fly. 
But God dull teat detect 

supply, 
And my Sont wmg'd 

vita warm desire, 
Shall all day long to 

Heav'n aspire. 

" Glory to Thee who safe 

hast kept, 
And hast refresht me 

whilst I alept. 
Grant Lord, when 1 from 

death shall wake, 
I may of endless Light 

partake. 

* I would not wake, not 

rise again, 
Ev'n Heav'n It self I 

would disdain j 
Wert not Thou there to 

he enjoy'd. 
And I in Hymns to be 

employM. 

" Heav'n Is, dear Lord, 

where e'er Thou art, 
never then from me 

depart; 
For to my Soul 'tis Hell 

to be. 
But for one moment 

without Thee. 

" Lord I my vows to Thee 



" I wake, I wake, ye Hea- 
venly dioir, 

May your Devotion me 
inspire, 

That I like you my Age 
may spend, 

Like you may on my 
God attend. 

" May I like you in God 

delight, 
Have all day long my 

God In sight, 
Perform like you my 

Maker's Will, 

may I never more do ill. 

" Had I your Wings to 

Heaven I'd fly, 
But God shall that Defect 

supply, 
And my Soul wing'd 

with warm deeire, 
Shall all Day long to 

Heaven aspire. 

" All Praitt to Tnee, who 

safe hast knit, 
And hast refresh'd me 

whilst 1 slept, 
Grunt, Lord, when I from 

Death shall wake, 

1 may of endless Light 
partake. 

11 1 would not wake, nor 

rise again, 
And Heaven itself I 

would disdain, 
Were't not Thou there to 

be enjoy'd. 
And I In Hymns to be 

employ'd. 

"Heav'n Is, Dear Lord, 

where e'er thou art, 
never then from me 

depart: 
For to my Soul, 'tis Hell 

to be, 
But for one Moment void 

0/ Thee. 

" Lord, I my Vows to Thee 



Scatter my Sins as Morn- 
ing dew, 

Guard my first springs 
of thought, and will, 

And with thy self my 
Spirit fill. 

* Direct, controul, suggest 

this day, 
All I design, or do, or 

say; 
That all my Powers, 

with all their might, 
In thy sole Glory may 

unite. 

" Praise God, from whom 

all Bleestuga flow. 
Praise him all creatures 

here below, 
Praise Him above y* An- 

geltck Host. 
Praise Fsthsr, Son, and 

Holy Ghost." 



Bitperie my Sine as 

Morning Dew, 
Guard my first Springs 

of Thought and Will, 
And with thy self my 

Spirit AIL 

' Direct, controul, Suggest, 

this Day 
All I design, or do, or 

say, 
That all my Powers 

with all their Might, 
In thy sole Glory may 



n thy i 

Unite. 



" Praise God from whom 

all Blessings flow. 
Praise him all Creatures 

here below. 
Praise him above, ye 

Bcwocnijf Host. 
Praise Father, Son, and 

Holy Ghost." 

Among the alterations made in 1709, the 
WMfdwj/uZ instead of early it) st. i. occurs in 
the Conference of 1705, thus seeming to con- 
firm the suggestion of Lord Selborne, referred 
to above, that some at least of the readings in 
the Conference may have originated with Ken 
himself; The change in the order of two 
words in at. x., Thou not for not Hmu, made 
in 1712, is also anticipated by the Conference. 
In sL vi. 1. 1 of the hymn, some later edition* 
of the Manual issued by C. Bronte after 1712 
give " Awake, awake," for " I wake, I wake." 
Lard Selborne inclines to the belief that the 
latter reading is possibly due to the printers, 



bat as it is fonnd not only in every edition up 
to 1712, including the revision of 1709, but in 
the Conference of 1705, this seems improbable. 
Lord Selborne adds, " 'I wake' in the sense 
of bodily waking from natural sleep, would be 
out of place, after five whole stanzas had been 
already spoken or sung," but is it not rather a 
response to the exhortation with which the 
1st and 5tb stanzas commence? After ad- 
dressing in them his own Soul, the singer 
suddenly exclaims, " I wake," and then turns 
to the " Heavenly Choir" with an expression 
of hope to be enabled to follow their example 
of unceasing adoration of the Most High. If 
this be so, it is far more likely that the reading 
"Awake " is due to some later editor or printer 
who failed to catch the author's full meaning. 

Tbe various Morning Hymns by Ken 
which have appeared in the Appendix to Tate 
and Brady's Version of the Psalms, aud in 
most hymnals published during the past 160 
years are compilations from this hymn, with, 
in many instances, slight alterations of the 
text either of 1695 or of that of 1709. In 
some modem hymnals the difficulty of Hie 
length of the hymn is overcome by dividing 
it into two or more parts. 

AJl praise [Glory] to Thee, my God, this night 
[Evening^ The texts cf 1695 and of 1709 
are as follows : — 



1605. 

" .an Keening Hymn. 

'Glory to thee my God, 

this night. 
For all the Blessings of 

the Light; 
Keep me, O keep ma 

King of Kings, 
Under Thy own AL* 

mighty Wings. 

' Forgive me. Lord, for 

thy dear Son, 
The 111 that I this day 

have done, 
That with the world, my 

eelt; and Then, 
L e're 1 sleep, at peace 

maybe. 

1 Teach me to live, that 1 

may dread 
The Grave as little as my 

Bed; 
Teach me to die, that so 

1 may 
Triumphing rise at the 

lost day. 

1 msy my Sonl on thee 

repose, 
And with sweet sleep 

mine Eye-lids close ; 
Sleep that may me more 

vigorous make, 
To serve my God when I 

awake. 

' When In tbe Light I 

sleepless lye, 
My Soul with Heavenly 

thoughts supply, 
Let no ill dreams dis- 
turb my rest. 
No powers of darkness 

me molest. 
1 Dull sleep of sense me 

to deprive, 
1 am bat half my days 

alive; 
Thy faithful lovers, 

Lord, are giiev'd 
To lye so long ot Thee 

bereav'd. 



snjy 



IMS. 

" An Eooiistff JTifimn. 
"All J'raise to Thee my 
God this Night, 

For all the Blessings of 
the Light,* 

Keep me, keep me 
King of Kings, 

Beneath, thy own Al- 
mighty Wings. 

" Forgive me, Lord, for 

thy dear Son, 
The ill that I this Day 

have done; 
That with the World, my 

self, and Thee, 
L e're I sleep, at Peace 

maybe, 

" Teach me to live, that 1 

may dread 
The Grave as little as 1 

.Bed; 
To dye, (*a* thit vile Kady 

may 
Rite Olorimt at the ate* 

/tttday. 

" O I may my Soul on Thee 

repose, 
And with sweet Sleep 

mine Eye-lids close ; 
Sleep, that msy me more 

Vig*rous mske, 
To serve my God when I 

awake. 

" When In the Night 1 

sleepless lie, 
My Soul with Heavenly 

Thoughts supply; 
Let no ill dreams dis- 
turb my Best, 
No Powers of darkness 

me molest. 
" Dull Sleep of Sense lue 

to deprive, 
1 am but half my time 

slive, 
Thy faithful Lovers, 

Lord, are griev'd, 
To lye so long of Tbee 

bereav'd. 



* £n the original misprinted " Night-" 



620 



KEN, THOMAS 



ESN, THOMAS 



• But though sleep o'r toy 

frailty nigra, 
Let It sot hold me tong 

in ahalns ; 
And now end then let 

loose my heart, 
Till It an HallduUh 

dart. 

• The teeter Bleep the sense 

does bind, 
The more unfetterM Id 

the mind ; 
may my Soul from 

matter free. 
Thy nnvall'd Goodness 

waking seel 

" when Bhalllln endless 

day, 
Forever chase dark Bleep 

away, 
And endless praise with 

th' Heavenly Cboire, 
Incessant eln& end never 

tire? 

"You my Blest Guardian, 
whilst I sleep, 

Close to my Bed your 
Vlgille keep. 

Divine Love into me In- 
still, 

Stop all the avenues of 
III. 

" Thought to thought with 
my Soul converse. 

Celestial JoyB to me re- 
hearse. 

And In my atead all the 
night long, 

Blng to my God a grate- 
ful Song, 

" Prelse God from whom 

all blessings flow, 
Praise him all Creatures 

here below, 
Pratie him above y' An- 

getlck Host, 
Frulee Father, Son, and 

Holy Ghost." 



' But tho' Sleep o'er my 

frailty Keigns, 
Let It not hold me long 

tn Chains; 
And now and then let 

lose my Heart, 
Till It en Halleluiah 

dart. 

•The faster Sleep the 

Senses binds, 
The more unfetterM are 

our Minds, 
may my Soul from 

matter free, 
Thy kmdineti uncloud- 

easeet 
1 Owhenahall I In endless 

Day, 
For ever chase dark Sleep 

away, 
And Jfymtu wift tkt Su- 
pernal Choir, 
Incessant Slog, and never 

tyrel 

1 nay my duardlan 
while I elssp. 
Close lo my Bed »i» Vi- 
gils keep, 
EU Love AngwEicaHnstLLl, 
Stop all the Avenues of 

" Map he CotUttial Joy j re- 
hearse. 

And tto»ofc< Co thought 
with ne eonwrar, 

Or In my stead all tbs 
Night long, 

Sing to my Clod a Grate- 
ful Song. 

" Praise God from whom 

all Blessings flow, 
Praise him all Creatures 

here below. 
Praise him above ye 

Heavenly Host. 
Praise Father, Son, and 

Holy Ghost." 



8. A reference to the text given in Harmonin 
Sacra allows that the change from " Glory " 
to "All praise" in 1. 1. is only a restoration 
of the original reading: and without being 
aware of this fact, Lord Selbome poiuts out 
that ttie expression "All praise" is remark- 
ably consistent with Ken's frequent nse of it 
in other writings. The same alteration was 
made in 1709 in the Morning Hymn, st. 9, and 
In the Midnight Hymn, at. 7 ; while at the 
same time "Glory" in the Morning Hymn, 
st. v. 1. 4, is changed to " High Praise." 

As in the case of " Awake my soul," this 
hymn Las been divided, subdivided, and re- 
arranged in a great many ways during the 
last 150 years. In one form or another it 
will be fonnd in most hymnals pub. during 
that period. 

My fled, now I from Sleep awake. [Midnight] 
The texts of 1695 and 1709 are subjoined :— 

1S9E. ITflB. 

" A Midnight Bymn. 

" Lord, now ray Sleep does 

mefbmake. 
The sole possession of 

me take. 
Let no vain fancy me 

illude, 
No one Impnre desire 

intrude. 

" Blest Angels I white we 
silent lye. 
Ton Halleluiahs sing on 
high, 



"A Midnight Bymn. 

' My Bad now //ran Htep 

awake. 
The sole Possession of 

me take, 
Avn Midnight Terrors 

me secure, 
And guard my Meart 

from. Thoughts impure, 

' Bless'd Angels ! while 
we silent lye, 
You Halleluiahs Sing on 
nigh, 



You, ever wakeful near 

the Throne, 
Prostrate, adore the 

Three In Cue. 

'■ I now awakedo with yon 

joyn, 
To praise oar God in 

Hymns divine : 
'With you In Hesv'n I 

hope to dwell. 
And bid the night and 

world larewell, 
"My Soul when I shake 

off this duet. 
Lord, In thy Anns I wf II 

entrust; 
Omake me thy peculiar 

care, 
Some heav J n|y Mansion 

me prepare. 
" Give me a place at thy 

Saints feet. 
Or some fall'n Angel's 

vacant seat; 
111 strive to sing as loud 

as they, 
Who sit above In brighter 

day. 

"O may 1 always ready 



With my Lamp burning 

In my hand, 
May I in sight of Heev'n 

rejoyce, 
When e're I bear the 

Bridegroom's voice. 

'Glory to Thee In light 

array'd, 
Who light thy dwelling 

place hast made, 
An immense Ocean of 

bright beams. 
From thy Alt^dorloua 

Godhead streams. 

' The Sun, in Its Meridian 

height. 
Is very darkness fn thy 

sight: 
My Soul, O lighten, and 



yen Joyful Byttn thl 

ever Btets'd, 
Before the Throne and 

«uer rest, 

" Iwithyour Choir Cedes- 

tialjegn. 
In offering up a Byaat 

Divine 
With you In Heaven I 

hope to dwell. 
And bid the Night and 

World farewell j 

" My Soul, when I shake 

off this Duet, 
Lord, In tby Anns J will 

Intrust. 
make me Tby peculiar 

Care, 
Some Jtanrion for my 

iSbuI prepare. 

11 Give me a place at thy 

Salntff Feet, 
Or some fallen Angel's 

vacant Seat; 
111 strive to sing as loud 

as they, 
Who sit above Inhrlghtel 

Day. 

"0 may I always ready 

stand, 
With my Lamp burning 

in my Hand ; 
May I In sight of Heav'n 

Rejoyos, 
When e'er I hear th* 

Bridegroom's Yoiee. 

• AU Praise to thee In 

light array'd, 
Who light thy dwelling 

place nest made. 
A boundless Ocean of 

bright Beams, 
From tby All-glorious 

God-head Streams. 

' The Sun in its Meridian 

h right. 
Is very darkness in Thy 

sight I 
My Soul, lighten and 



With Thought and Love 
of thy great Name, 

" Blest Jesu, Thou on 

Heav'n Intent, 
Whole nights bast in 

Devotion spent. 
But I, frail Creature, 

soon am lirtl, 
And all my Zeal le soon 

eipir'd. 

" My Soul, how canst Tbon 

weary grow. 
Of Antedating Heav'n 

below, 
In sacred Hymns, and 

Divine Love, 
Which will eternal be 

above? 

" Shine on me Lord, new 

life Impart, 
Freeh ardours kindle la 

my heart; 
One ray of thy AU- 

quickning light 
Dispels the sloth and 

clouds of night. 

" Lord, lest the tempter 

me surprint 
Watch over thine own 

Sacrifice, 
All loose, all Idle 

tboughta cast out, 
And make my very 

dreams devout. 

" Praise God from whom 
all blessings Bow, 
Praise him all Creatures 
here below, 



With Thought and Love 
of thy Great Nume, 

" Bleee'd Jeau, Thou on 

Heav'n Intent, 
Whole Nights hast in 

Devotion spent. 
But I, frail Creature, 

soon am tlr*d, 
And all my Zeal 1b soon 

explr'd- 

" My Soul how canst tbon 
weary grow, 

Of antedating Slit* be- 
low ; 

In Sacred Hymns, end 
Beatfnly Love, 

Which will Eternal be 
above. 

" Shine on me, Lord, new 

Life Impurt, 
Freeh Ardours kindle In 

my Heart ; 
One Kay of thy All- 

quick'nlng Light, 
Dispells the sloth and 

clouds of Hlght. 

" Lord, lest the Tempter 

me surprise, 
Watch over thine own 

Sacrifice; 
All loose, all idle 

thoughts cast out, 
And make my very 

dreams devout. 

" Prelse God, from whom 
all Blessings flow, 
Praise him alt Creatures 
here below; 



KEN, THOMAS 

Praise bim rtove y'-An- Praise lim abora ye 

gellck Host, Heavenly Host 

Praise Father, Son, and Praise Father, Son, ana 

Holj Ghost." Holj Ghostr 

lake the Morning and Evening Hyimu, this 
hymn has been divided and rearranged in 
various ways, and is found in one form or 
another in most hymnals published during the 
last ISO years. 

6. The various centos from these hymns 
which are in C. V. in English-speaking conn- 
tries are; — 

i From the Morning Hymn. 

1. Alt praise to Thee Who aiis hast kept, 

1. Awake, my soul, and with the son. 

3. Glory to Thee Wb» lift hart kept 

4. I wake, I wake, ye heavenly chain. 
G. I would not wake nor rise again. 

8. Wakti and lift up thyself, my heart. 
il. From the Evening Hymn. 
l. All pratK to Thee, my God, this night, 
a. Glory to Thee, my God, this night. 

iii. From the Midnight Hymn. 
1. All pralae to Thee In light airay'd. 
a. Glory to Thee In light airay'd. 
3. Lord, now my sleep doth me forsake. 
«. MyGod, now [when] I from sleep awake. 

The following list of editions of the Manual 
from 1671 to 1712 inclusive, and the libraries 
in which they are to be found, was kindly 
supplied by the late Mr, G. W. Napier : — 

ISM, B. H. (Brititk JfHstun) ; 16TB, B, il. and Bod- 
leu»; Mil, B. M.) 16IS, Bod.i 1*91, B. it.; 1S9T. 
B. X. (the Brat pub. with Bishop Ken's name) ; 1682, 
B. M and G. W. Napier ; IMi, Med. (the first ed, <son- 
tolntn; tbe three hymns); IBM, B. M.; 1100, B. U.: 
1103, Nap.: 1106, (top.; Hot, Bai. and Sap. ; 1112, 
Sap. 

7. Bp, Ken has not escaped the not unnsual 
charge of plagiarism, in connection with his 
celebrated hymns. Charges of this kind have 
been made from time to time, the nature and 
value of which we will endeavour to sum- 
marize. These are : (1) he borrowed from Sir 
Tkomat Broome; (2) he did the same from 
Tkoma* Flatman ; (3) he did neither, but 
Paraphrated/rom the Latin. 

(l) Sir Thoaat «nnu. In 1M3 Sir Thomas Browne 
pub. hts Religio Medici (It was pub. surreptitiously In 
ml), and therein (It, il, $ II) gave the following hymn 
In a monologne on 8ap: — 

" It la that death which Adam died before his mor- 
tality i a death whereby we live a middle and moderat- 
ing point between life and death. In fine, so like death, 
I dare not trast it without myprayers, aud an half 
adieu unto the world, and take mylsiewell in a colloquy 
with God j— 

" The night is come, like to the day 

Depart not tbon, great God. away. 

Let not my sine, black as the night, 

Eclipse the lustre of thy light. 

Keep still In my borlrou ; for to mo 

The sun makes not the day, but Thee. 

Thou Whose nature cannot sleep. 

On my temples sentry keep ; 

Guard me 'gainst those watchful foes. 

Whose eyes axe open while mine close, 

Let no dreams my head Infest, 

Bat such ss Jacob's temples blest. 

While I do rest, my soul advance : 

Make my sleep a holy trance : 

That I may, my rest being wrought. 

Awake into some holy thought 

And with as active vigour run 

My comae as doth tbe nimble sun. 

Sleep Is a death ;— make me try 

By sleeping, what It is to die t 

And as gently lay my head 

On my grave, aa now my bed. 

Howe er I reet, great God, let me 

Awake again at last with Tbee. 

And thms asaur'd, beheld I lie 

Securely, or to wake ot die. 



KEN, THOMAS 



621 



These are my drowsy days ; Id vain 

I do not wake to sleep Again : 

tome that hour, when 1 shall never 

Sleep again, but wake for ever [ 
"This is the donnitive I take to bedward ; I need no 
other laudanum than this to make me sleep ; after 
which I clofiQ mine eyes in security, content to take my 
leave of tbe sun and sleep unto the resurrection*" 

The poet James Montgomery drew attention to the 
striking similarity of thought and mode of expression, 
between this hymn and the livening Hymn by Ken, in 
his Select Ckrtoiim Author*, 1337. This has also been 
done several times in Fate* and Qveriet, during the past 
twenty years, and not always in the heat spirit. That 
the similarity pointed out by Montgomery does exist 
is very clear: Put to say that Ken deliberately ttcte 
Browne's work no one with any acquaintance with poets 
andpwtbnn^tnln^erawoBadv^uretoanTxm, Possibly 
uct, 3 below may do something towards solving the 
difficulty. 

(a) T/urnat Jftatman. In his Poem* and &rttpr, email 
&vo, 1W4, he has the following 

"HVtfN FCK THU MOEBIKG. 

" Awake my soul, awake mine eyes J 
Awake my drowsy faculties ! 
Awake and see the newborn light 
Spring from tbe darksome womb of night I 
Look np and see the unwearied sun 
Already has hie race begun : 
The pretty lark ia mounted high, 
And sings her matins Jn tbe sky. 
Arise my sool J and thou, my voice. 
In songs of praise early rejoice. 
O great Creator ! Heavenly King ! 
Thy praises let me ever sing | 
Tby power has made, thy goodness kept 
This fenceless body while Telept. 
Yet one day more hast given me 
From all the powers of darkness free ; 
keep my heart from sin secure, 
My life unblameable and pure. 
That when the last ofallmydaysiscome, 
Cheerful and fearless I may wait my doom," 
In Note* and Querist, 3rd S,, x. iDS* Mr. Vf. T. Brooke 
suggests- that this Is the origin of Ken's Morning /Tyst*. 
It is impossible to say that Ken never saw FXatman's 
hymn, but certainly if he had he made very little direct 
use of It, Tbe subject is tbe same* and a few expres- 
sions an almost identical , but the mode of treatment 
and the burden of tbe thought are essentially different. 
Such similarity as does exist Jn tbe two hymns suggests 
two men lookuig at and writing about tbe same thing in 
the same pious and thankful ipirlt, rather than one man 
copying from anotber. 

(3) raraphrawt from the Latin, A writer la JVb&t 
and Queriet, 3rd S. r xiL 321, says?— "Biikop JEen'j 
Hymn*, — These are certainly not ordinal compositions. 
They a« paraphrases, and very beautiful ones, of three 
noble hymns in the Roman Breviary. ** Awake, my 
soul/' Is ** A soils ortus " i "GloiytoTbee' i ls u Telncis 
ants terminum." The Midnight Hymn has a similar 
origin, but I forget the Latin. S, J." Thiaideaof aLatin 
origin of the hymns is also set forth by Dr. Greenbill in 
hie edition of Browne's StUaio Mtdici, LB&ls p. 28* : 
"Compare tbis [Browne's bymnl with tbe beautiful and 
well-known Evening Jfymn of Bishop Ken ; and these 
again with several of the ffymni ScdeHae [Card. New- 
man's 1B3S and IBes], especially thai beginning * Sal- 
vator mundif Domine/ with which Ken and Browne, 
both Wykehamists, must have been familiar." To oar 
mind this suggestion is nearer the truth than any other ; 
hut even from this point of view it Is too much to call 
the three hymns paraphrase! . The most that can be 
said of them is that the Latin hymns referred to may, 
and possibly did, sugge&t them, but only as a text of 
Holy Scriptare suggests a sermon. 

8L The title of Bp. Ken's hyrana on the 
Festivals of the Church, published poat- 
humotulyial721,iB: Bys.fornUthe Festivals 
of the Year. They were republished by 
Pickering as r Biehop Ken's Christian Year or 
Hymns and Poems /or the Holy Days and 
Fsstixols of the Church, Land, 1868* From 
this work the following centra have come into 
GIL:— 

1. All human succours now are flown. Visitation of 
thfSieSc. 

2. I had one only thing to do. A Mw Creature. 

S. purify my soul from stain, lotfe S. after 
Trinity, or 4 Prayer for Purity* 



622 KENNEDY, BENJAMIN H. 

4. O Lord, when near the appointed honr* H<Hy 
CwnittttnioiL. 
i. TTnctloa theChrlstiannamelmpUM, Confirmation. 

See Nrw ArraNolx. C^- -4. CJ 

Kennedy, Benjamin Hall, d.d,, s. of 
the Bev. Bairn Kennedy, sometime Incumbent 
of St. Paul's, Birmingham, and editor of A 
Church of England Fsalm-iJoofc, &c, 1821 
(12th ed. 1848), whb b. at Summer Hill, near 
Birmingham, Nov. 6, 1801, and educated at 
King Edward's School, Birmingham ; Shrews- 
bury School; and St. John's College, Cam- 
bridge. He graduated b.a. in 1827 (First 
Class Classical Tripos and First Chancellor's 
Medallist). He was fellow of his College 
1828-36 ; Head Master of Shrewsbury School, 
1836-66 ; and Begins Professor of Greek in 
the University of Cambridge and Canon of 
Ely , 18G7. Dr. Kennedy took Holy Orders 
in 1829, ond was for some time Prebendary in 
Lichfield Cathedral and Hector of West Fel- 
ton, Salop. He was elected Hon. Fellow of 
St. John's College, Cambridge, in 1880. Be- 
sides his Pttblie School Latin Grammar, Pa- 
laettra Latino, Patoesfra Stili Latin!, &c, 
his editions of some of the Classics, and 
University Sermon*, Dr. Kennedy pub. the 
following : — 

(1) The Ptdtter, or the Ftahnt of DoviO, in English 
Vine, Fg a Member of the University of Cambridge, 
1860 ; (2) Hymnologia Christiana, or Psalms <fc Kuans 
Selected and Arranged in the Order of the Christian 
Seasant (quoted In tbls Dictionary as Eennedg). lass. 

i. From these two works many psalms and 
hymns have passed into other collections. 
The following versions of the Psalms first 
appeared in The Pealter, I860, and again in 
the Hymno. Christ., 1863. In many instances 
they Save undergone considerable alteration 
in the latter work, and those of great length 
Me broken into parts : — 

1. All ye people, come and clap, &c. Pi. xlvii, 

3. Arise, O Lord, with healing rod. Pt. x. 

3. As pants the hind for cooling streams. Pt. xlii. 

i. As Thy mercy lasts for ever. Pt. eix. 

6, Be merciful to toe, God. Pi. Ivii. 

G. Be Thou my Judge, and I will strive. Pt. laei. 

T. Bless ye the Lord, His solemn pralao record. 
Pi, csxxijt. 

8. BowdownThlneear.andhearmycry. Ps.hacxvi. 

9. Come, ye children, list to me. Ft. xxxiu, 

10. Ever, my God and King. Pt. czlv. 

11. Ever will 1 bless the Lord. Fs.xxxiv. 

12. Every klageball bow Iwfore Him. Pt.lx2.ii. 

13. Full oft my chafing thoughts, &c. Ps. h&iii. 
H. God, avert the deadly blow. Pt. lix. 

15. God, in Judah'e homes is known. Pt. Ixxvi, 

16. God of my righteousness. Pi. iv. 

1?. Heir Thou my prayer, Lord. Pt. exliii. 
is. Help us, Lord, the good decay. Pt. xii. 

19. How West are they who dee, &c Ps. cxix. 

20. How blest the man, wbo fears to stray- Ft. i. 

21. How blest the man whose errors, &c. Pt.xxxii. 

22. How good it is to praise the Lord. Ft. xcii. 

2S. How long art silent, Lord ! how long. Ps. txxe. 

24. Hotr long forgotten, Lord, by Thee. Ps. xiii. 

25. Howlongwllt ThoucoDCeaLThyfoce. Ps.lxxxia. 
2fi. I lift mine eyes onto the bills. Ft. cxxi. 

27. 1 love the Lord, for He is nigh. Pt. czvi. 
18. I muse upon Thine ancient praise. Pt. Ixxvii. 

29. X praise Thee, Lord, who o'er my foes. Ft. xxx. 

30. I trod the path of life, my strength. Pt. cii. 

31. In trouble to the Lord I prayed. Pt. cxx. 

32. Jehovah reigns, arrayed in light. Pt.jsciii. 

33. Judge me, O God ; maintain my cause. Pt. xliii. 
a*. Lord, hear ray prayer, and let my cry. Pt. cii. 
3&. Lord, I am not lofty-minded. Pt. oxxii. 

' 36. Lord, I lilt my soul to Thee. Ps. xxv. 
3T, Lord, my Kock. I cry to Thee. Pt. xxvffi. 
38. Lord, save me from the foeniau'e wrath. Ps. Cxi. 
03. Lord, Thou wilt guard with faithful love. Pi. 

X£XVi\, 

40. Lord, Thy love «nd truth I praise. Ft. ci. 



KENNEDY, BENJAMIN H. 

41* My God", my God, to Thee t cry. Ah! why hast 

Thau, &c. Pt. saeiit 
42. My heart la fain, O God, my heart- Ft. cdii, 
4a, My portion is Che living Lord. Ft. cxtai. 

44. My Saviour is the living Lord. Ps* xL 

45. My Shepherd 1b the Lord, no cu¥< Ft. xxiii, 

46. My trust ia In Thy holy Name. Pt. Ixxi, 

47. My voice to God ascends on high. Ft* l$*vii, 

48. Not in envy, not in anger, J**, $x%di. 

49* Not in Thy fury. Lord, reprove* F 3. xxxviii* 

6Q* grant us, God of love, Pt. lxmi m 

61, God, be merciful to toe* Pt* 2i. 
&3* God of bortfl, a Tine* Pt* l&aa. 

£3. God, subdue the pover of sin. Ft* vii. 

M. Lord* in Thine accepted day. Pt, *tffo. 

L.5. Q Lord our King, how bright Thy fame. Ft. viii. 

£6. Lord* the God of my salvation, Pt, Ixxxviii* 

6T, prniae ye the Lord, Pralae Him In His shrlra. 
Pi. ef* 

68, rejoice, ye righteous, in the Lord, ft* *m***« 
K9. Oft, *6 to scatter klan. i*i» (jfriii* 

GO, Out of the depthe to Thee I cry, Pt. tfxa*. 
61* Praise^ my eoul t the Lord and all. Pt, dii- 

62, Praise, my flotil, the Lord ; how great. Pt. do. 
$3* Praise the Lord* for good Is He, Ft* ext&vi, 

64. Praise the Lord, for it Is wise. Pi* caslviu 

65. Praise the Lord from heaven on bigh* Ft. rarlmti 
65- Praise the Lord* Hta people ; raise* Pa* cxlvi. 

BT. Praise ye the Lord, all nations* Pt* csmt. 

63, Praise ye tbe Lord, for good ie He, Ft, exviii. 
69* Praise ye the Lord, for very good* Pj* crfi* 

10, Praised be theLord.myKockof might. Ft.c&liv, 

71, Save me, God» tbe dangerous, &c* P*. Ixii. 

W* Save me through Thy name* God, Pt. Kb* 

TJ* Seek we Jehovah's bouse* they esid, ,Pr, crxif. 

74. Sing « new song unto the Lord. Pi* *cb». 

Mi* Sing the Lord, ye eona of heaven* *Pa* xx£r. 

76. Sing unto tbe Lord with mirtb. Pt, c. 

11* Take note, O Lord, of alt my fears. Pi. Id* 

1%. The heavens declare Thy wondrous fame. Pi* 

Ixxxix, 
ru* The beavens, God, TbygloryteH. Pj. zix. 
00. Tbehlng.O Lord, witbhynjnsof praiiie* F9.**i* 
BI. The life of man in LLIte the grass. Fs* ciii* 
82. The Lord in thy distressful day. Pi- xx. 
63. The Lord is King ; glad earth* and ye. Pa. sroft 
84. There is no God* bo saith the fool. Ps.xiv. 
US. Thou searchest all my secret w»ye> Ps. exxxfv. 
86. To Tbee I call, Q Lord, be swift. P». ezti* 
ST* J Twas dream-like, when tbe Lord's decree* Pi„ 

nxwi* 
83* UnlefiB tbe Lord with ua had wrought. P«, om'v, 

69. Untomy feetalanternshlnesThy word* Pa.czto* 
00* Unto the Lord I make my moan. Pt. aslii. 

91. We HatandwepthyBabel'sstream, Pi. cxz&di. 
93* When Israel came fromEgypt f s9trand. Pt.cdv* 

93. When through the dismal waste. Pt. IzmiL 

94. Wbo rule* his life by God's behest. Pt. cxrviii. 

95. Wbos'sr bis secret boms has made- Ps, xci. 
96* With weary care brought low. Pt. Ixix. 

97* TrVith my whole heart 1 will praise Thee. Ft, 

txxxviii. 
93. Within Thy tabernacle, Lord. Ft. xv. 
09. Ye Judges of the earth, be still* Pt. bsxxii. 

ii. The following also appeared in The 
Psalter, 1SS0* and Again m Mymno, Christ, 
1863, mofitly altered^ and baaed upon the 
corresponding Psalmahy Geoigo Sandys (q,v.), 
pub, in his Paraphrase upon the Psalm* of 
navid, 1636 r— 

106. Blest be whose timely mercies heed- 

101, Hide not, Lord, Thy cheering lace. 

162. I waited for a gentle word. Ps, xl* 

103* Israel of God, be Christ your Guide. 

104. 'Who In the Lord securely lay, Pt, exxv, 

iii. To tb© Rev. A. T. Russell's Fmlm <& 
ffymns, 1851, Dr. Kennedy was indebted to a 
limited extent in preparing his Pnalter t I860, 
In his Preface bo Bays, p* viii*, " Mr. RusselVa 
metrea, and occasioTjally bis words, have been 
adopted in the following- Psalms : 2. 24, 30, 
45, 46, 50, 81, 85, 90, 110, 111, 113." Of these 
the following, sometimes with alterations of 
the 1860 text, were given in the Hymno, 
Christ,, 1863:— 

105. God is our sure defence, our aid Ft. xlvi. 

106. My heart Is full* and I must sing. Pj. ss&u, 
107* Kot vain, Lord* Thy loving word. Pt, Ixxxti* 



Ft. xli. 
Ps. xt. 



PS. CM, 



KENT, JOHN 

We. O Loid of hosts, my soul erica ont. Ft. batxie, 

109. ye who on His service wait. Ft. cxiiL 

110. Pulse the Lord with exultation. Ft. cti. 

111. The earth and all that It contains. Pi. raft. 
m. Unto my Lord Jehovah Mid. Ft. ex. 

113. Why do the heathen rage. Pa. ii. 

iv. Dr. Kennedy also contributed to hia 
Hymno. Christ., 1863, the following original 
hymns: — 

114. Another week is past and T. SatHrday J&eninji. 
US. Eternal Source of life and light. Trinity. 

116. For life Mid light, and wants supplied. Boating . 
11T. Lord In whom I live and move. Evening. 

115. Lord, let the love In us abound. .Poilton PT«*. 
lift. Lord of all power and might. Ascension, 

120. O Lord, ope Thou our lips. General. 

121. One alone hath power to give. Easter* 

122. Sin-laden, weary, lost, I nee. Lent. 

139. To us this day Is born a Child. Cftrfiftnai, 
124. WsasknotofTbeeworldlygood. WMtjutt«*e. 
120. Whilst the careless world is Bleeping. Advent, 

Also the following additional versions of 
Psalms :— 
126. The Lord Is King, He reigns on high. Ft. xciii, 
i27,"When tempests round us gather. Ft. ctxx. 

v. Besides the foregoing the Hymno. Chriet. 
included numerous translations from the Ger- 
man, recasts of hymns by other writers, ver- 
sions of individual Psalms, and additional 
original hymns, by Dr. Kennedy, many of 
which have passed intootber collections, and 
aU of which are annotated in this work under 
their respective first lines. Altogether his 
contributions to the Xymno, dirist number 
about two hundred, nnd embrace two thirds, 
or more, of his Psalter of 1860. As a popular 
hymnal the Hymno. Christ, has been a 
failure : but as a storehouse to which compilers 
of hymn-books can resort, it is of great and per- 
manent value. D, April 6, 1889. [J. J.] 

Kent, John, was b. at Bideford, Devon- 
shire, Dec. 1766, and d. Nov. 15, 1813. As a 
working shipwright his opportunities foe ac- 
quiring the education and polish necessary 
for the production of refined verse were natu- 
rally limited. His hymns are strongly Horded, 
very earnest and simple, and intensely Cal- 
vinistic. A few were published in Samuel 
Eeece's Collection, 1799. Tho 1st ed. of his 
Collection of Original Gospel jEfymiw,was pub. 
in 1803, and the 10th ed., with " The Author's 
Experience," in verse, 264 hymns, 15 longer 
pieces, and a Life by his Son in 1861. The 
C&Ivinistfo teaching so prominent in bis 
hymns has restricted their use to a limited 
number of collections. The greatest use made 
of them in modern hymn-books has been by 
Mr. Spurgeon (0. O. S. Bit., 1866) and 
Mr. Snepp (Song* o/ G. & G., 1872). In the 
following hat the dates in brackets indicate 
the dates of publication : — 

1. Before the Almighty began (1S4I). Election. 

2. Betroth'dinlove,eret]mfibsgan(iS03). £ktti<m. 
s. Christ exalted is our song (1803). Ch-riit the sin- 
ner' t Surety. 

4, Come saints, and sing in sweet accord (1803). 
Stability of the Covenant. 

6. Hark, how the blood-bought host abovo (1803). 
Election. 

t. Bow sweet the notes of yonder choir (1841). 
Ckrittmat. 

1. In ta>es and shadows we are told (IB03), Pardon. 

B. lodolKent God, bow kind (1803). Electing Love, 

0. Let Zion In her songs record (1803). Fardon~~ 
Gram exalted. 

id. Love was the great self-moving cause (1303). Fret 
Grace. 

11. Fredons is the Name of Jesns (1841). The Fre~ 
cbnttEtomt, 



KETHE, WILLIAM 



623 



12. Salvation by gmce, how charming tho song (1603). 
Free Grace. 

13. Saved from the damning power of sin (1803). 
Eternal Love. 

14. Sons of God, in tribulation (1803). Affliction. 

15. Sons of peace, redeemed by blood ^1303). Good 
Friday. 

IS. Sovereign grace o'er sin abounding (1827). fer- 
ienera?ic£ o/ the joint. 
11. "ni the Church triumphant slngliig(l 803). Praise. 

18. 'Twas not to make Jehovah's love (1803). Elec- 
tion. 

19. 'Twas with an everlasting love (1903). Election. 

20. What cheering words arc these (lflOJ). Safety t» 
God. 

21. "With David's Lord, and ouis (1303). The Divine 
Covenant, [J, JJ 

Kern, Christian Qottlob, was b. Jan. 
13, 1792, at Solrastetten, near Hcidenheim, 
"Wurttembarg, where his father wets pastor. 
After the completion of his theological studies 
at Tubingen he was for two years assistant 
clergyman at Plochingen, In 1817 he became 
Theological Tutor (repctent) at Tubingen, in 
1820 Second Pastor (Heifer) at Basigheiro, 
and, in 1824, Preacher and Professor at tile 
Clergy School of Schbntbal, He finally be- 
came, in 1829, Pastor of Durrmenz-Milhlaoker, 
near Pforzheim, and d. there Aug. 5, 1885 
(Koch, vii. 210; Atlg. DeuUehe Biog.,i.v. 632). 
His hymns appeared mostly in Knapp's 
Christoterpe. One has been ft\, viz. : — 

Wie kimnt loh sein vergessen. Holy CQnvamnion. 
This beautiful hymn was let pub. in Knapp's Christo- 
terse, 183?, p. 102, in s at. of 8 1., headed, "At the 
Celebration of Holy Communion." Included in Knapp's 
JSu. L. S., 1B31, No. 060 (1865, No. 343), the YVHrttem- 
berg O. B., 1042, and others. Dr. Bcbsff, in his Oeuttdta 
G. B. r 1874, "No. IT], gives it from & us. copy supplied 
by the daughter of the author, and aayB it was written 
In 1S20. Tr. aa : — 

Oh how could 1 lorget Him T A full and very good tr. 
by Miss Winkwortb, In her Lyra Gcr., 2nd Ser., less, 
p. 101 ; and thence hi Scbaffa Chritt in Song, 1869, p. 
622. Abridged in her C. B. for England, 1803; in Holy 
Song, 1009 ; in the College Hymnal, If. Y., 18)0, and 
others. Another fr. Is, "Will not my memory treasure,'* 
in J. IT. Buras'a Memoir te Jfomaina, 1S69, p. 271. 

[J. M.] 
Kethe, Wffliam, is aaid by Thomas 
Warton in his BUt. of Eng. Poetry, and by 
John Strype in his Annals of the Reformation, 
to have been a Scotsman. Where he was 
born, or whether he held any preferment in 
England in the time of Edward VI., we have 
been unable to discover. In the Brieff dia- 
cvurs off the troubles begonne at JBranatford, 
1575, he is mentioned as in exile at Frankfurt 
in 1555, at Geneva in 1557 ; as being sent on 
a mission to the exiles in Basel, Strassburg, 
&c, in 1558; and as returning with their 
answers to Geneva in 1550. Whether he was 
one of those left behind in 1559 to "finishe 
the bible, and the psalmes bothe in meeter 
and prose," does not appear. The Dieeoure 
further mentions him as being with the Earl 
of Warwick and the Queen's forces at New- 
haven Qlavrel in 1568, and in the north iu 
1569. John Hutchins in his County history 
of Dorset, 1774, vol. ii. p. 316, says that he 
was instituted in 1561 as Bector of Childo 
Okeford, near Blandford. But as there were 
two Bectors and only one church, leave of 
absence might easily be extended. His con- 
nection with Okeford seems to have ceased 
by death or otherwise about 1593. 

The Kev. Sir Talbot H, B. Baker, Bart., of Ranaton, 
Blandford, who very kindly made researches on the spot, 
baa informed me that the Registers at Cbllde Okemrtl 
begin wtth 1032-93, that the copies kept In Bhwdibrd 



62i KEY, FBANCIS SCOTT 

date only from l?32(theearllerhaving probably perished 
in tbe great Are there in lT31),tbat no will can be found 
In the diatrlet Probate Court, and thit no monument or 
tablet Is now to be found 4t Cbilde Okefoni. 

By a communication to me from tbe Diocesan Registrar 
of Bristol, it appears that In a book professing to contain 
a list of Presentations deposited in tbe Consistory Court, 
Ketbe la said to have been presented In 1565 by Henry 
Capel, tbe Patron of Collde Okefoni Inferior. In tbe 
1613 ed. of Hatchim, vol. ill. pp. 3SS-0, William Wst- 
klngon is said to have been presented to tbls moiety by 
Arthur Ctpel in 16»3. 

Twenty-live Psalm versions by Kethe are Included in 
the Anglo-Gtnevan Patter of 1691. via. Ps, 27. 36, «, 
M, 69, 63, 10, 85, BS, HO, 91, 84, 100, 101, 104, lot. 111, 
113, 113,124, 125, IM, 134, 138, I41,^tbe whols of which 
wen adopted in tbe Scottish Ptalter of 1664-es. Only 
nine, vi*. Ps. 104, 1W. ill, lis, 113, 123, 125, ISO, 134, 
TOie included in the English Ptalter of 1562; Ps, 100 
being however added In 16SB (we nrst lines of tbe rest 
under Boattiah Hymnody, «■ y 2). Being mostly in 
peculiar metres, only one, Pe.lon,w*s transferred to the 
Scottish Plotter of 1BB0. The version of Ps. 104, " My 
soul, praise the Lord," is found, in a greatly altered form, 
in some modem hymuals- 

Warton calls blm " a Scotch divine, no unready rhy- 
meT," says be had seen a moraltsation of some of Ovid 
by him, and also mentions verses by him prefixed to a 
pamphlet by Christopher Goodman, printed at Geneva 
In 1553 ; a version of Ps. 03 added to Knox's Appellation 
to the Scottish Bishops, also printed at Geneva in 1558 ; 
and an anti-papal ballad, " Tye the mare Tom-boy." A 
sermon be preached before the Sessions at Blandford on 
Jan. 17,1671, was printed by John Days In 1511 (preface 
dated Chllds Okeford, Jan. 29, 15»), and dedicated to 
' Ambrose Earl of Warwick. See DHmhold & Hnpkina, 

it »-it. [J. M.] 

BZey, Francis Scott, was b. in Frederick 
County, Maryland, 1779, and educated at St 
John's College, Annapolis. He practised as 
a lawyer in Washington, District of Columbia, 
and was the United States District Attorney 
there till hU denth on Jan. 11, 1813. Hib 
poetical pieces, which we>ra printed in various 
works, were collected and pub. in N. Y, as 
Poem in 1857. HiBhymnBinO.U.include: — 

1. Before the lord w* bow. National Thanis- 
yivtog. This Thanksgiving hymn for the 4th 
July was pnb. in 1832, and was probably written 
for the celebration of that year. It is in use -n 
6. Britain and America. 

S. If Ufe'» pleasures oharm [sheer] thee. The 
heart for God only. Appeared in The Christian 
Lyre, 1830. 

3. Faith is the Christian's evidence, Faith. 

*. larf, with glowing heart I'll praise Thee. 
Praise for Pardon and Peace. Pub. in Dr. 
MShlenberg's Church Poetry, 1833, the Prayer 
Bk. Colt., 1826, &c. ; and altered as " Lord, with 
fervor I vMuld praise Thee/ 1 in the Unitarian 
Hys. for the Church of Christ, Boston, 1853. In 
the Oberlin, Ohio, Manual of Praise, 1880, it be- 
gins with si. u,, " Praise, my soul, the God that 
sought thee." 

Of these hymnH Nos. 1, 2, and 4 are in the 
Lyra Sac. Americana, 1868, together with the 
following : — 

6. Behold the grant the King of kings. All things 
in Christ. 

a. My God, tny Father, may I dare. God, tie Patter. 

7. When troubles, wave on wave,aasaiTd. Efficacy of 
Prayer. 

F. S. Key was also the author of " The Star 
Spangled Banner " (181*). For original text 
of his pieces see the Poems, 1857. [F. M. BJ 

Keymaim, Christian. [Xeimann, o.] 

Kiel, Tobias, was b. Oct. 29, 1584, at 
Ballstadt near Gotha. After completing his 
theological studies at Jena, he became in 1606 
Schoolmaster at BaJIstadt, and in 1613 Pastor 



KING, ELIZABETH 

at Eacheobergen. He was then, in 1627, ap- 
pointed Pastor at Ballatadt, arid d. there six 
days after bis settlement. (Br&ckntr's Kir- 
ehen und SchuUnstaat des Herxoglhwma Gotha, 
1753, ii., pt. xii. p. 13 ; iii., pt. viii. p. 12, &o>) 
In 1721 some 60 of hie hymns were extant in 
us. The only one tr. into English is 

fiarr Gott, nun aohleuaa den Himmel auf, tor the 
Dying, la J. M, Altenburg's Kirchen- und Hausgc* 
snaps. Erfurt, 1620, No. «, in 3 St., entitled " On the 
Festival of the Purification of Mary : " and in the Unv. 
L. 8., 1951, No. 81*. Tr. as " Lord God, now open wide 
Thy heaven," by Jfiit Winkaorth, 1858, p. S15. 

[J.M.] 

KiUinghaH, John. The date of hU birth 
is unknown. He was admitted pastor of a 
congregation at Beccles, Suffolk, Oct. 13, 
1697. Through some indiscretion of conduct 
he retired from the ministry for a time. Sub- 
sequently, about 1702; he became the pastor 
of the Congregational Church, Southwark, 
then meeting in Deadman's Place (the ChuTch 
of the Pilgrim Fathers). He d. Jan. 1740. 
Hia memoir is iucluded in the Brief Record* 
of the Independent Church at Beetles, 1838, 
by 8. W. Bix. (Miller's Singers <£ Songs, 
1869, p. 166.) His hymn :— 

Jji all my troubles, ahaip and long (Jay it» Affliction) 
appeared in the Ufe of Faith ewrttplified ana recem- 
mended in a Letter found in the Study of the ilea. 
Joteph Belcher, late of Dedham, in JTew England, since 
his Deceate. An Answer to this question, " Itom to live 
in this World so as to live in Weaven t" So which is 
added a few Verses by the late Rev. K&tingkalt, upon 
reading of it. London. 1T41. It is in 3 at. of 4 1., 
and is found In modern hymn-books in the following 
forma:— (1) "In all my troubles, sharp and strong," in 
Reed's H. Bk., 1844, and others; (fl) "In every trouble, 
sharp and strong," in several collsctiona, including the 
Enlarged London S. Blc. w 1973, Jta, \ and (3) " In every 
trying hour," In several American books, as Songs for 
the Sanctuary, IS. Y., i860, fcc. In several of the older 
collecttona this hymn Is attributed to " Ooombes "—why 
we know not, [J. J 1 

Kimball, Harriet McEwan, a native 

and resident of Portsmouth, N*ewl»aven, is 
the author of Hymns, Boston, 1866 ; Swallow 
Flights of Song, 1874, 4c, Her hymns in- 
clude : — 

1. At timsa on Tabor'i height. Faith and Joy. 

S, Sear Lord, U Thee alone. Lent. 

3. It ia an easy thing to aay. Humble Service. 

4. We have no taan Thou wilt net dry, Affiic* 
tian. Appeared in the Poets of Portsmouth, 
1864, and the Unitarian Hys. of the Spirit, 1861, 
and others. In Miss Kimball's Jfymns, 1866, 
this hymn begins with st. iii, of "Jesus the 
Ladder of my faith." 

Several of Miss Kimball's poems were in- 
cluded in Baynes's Illustrated Book of Soared 
Poems, 1867. fF. M. B.] 

Kindred In Christ, for His dear 
sake. J. Newton. [ Welcome to Christian- 
Friende.] Pub. in the Olney Hymns, 1779, 
Bk. ii., No. 70, in 6 st. of 4 1., and headed, "A 
Welcome to Christian Friends.*' It is in 
C. U. in its original form, and also as : 
(1) "Kindred in Christ, to us 'tis given,' 
adapted for Union and Home Missionary 
Meetings ; and (2) " May He by Whose kind 
care we meet," also suitable for similar gather- 
ings. [J. J.] 

King, Catherine. fPeanemther, 0,] 

King, Elisabeth. [Eiia, raitabathj 



8Tej 

con. 



KINOSBUBY, WILLIAM 

Kingsbury, William, was b. in 1714, 
educated at an Independent academy in Lon- 
don, and became Pastor of the ancient Con- 
igatioual Church, Above Bar, in Southtimp- 
i, where he d. in 1618, after an honourable 
and useful ministry of fifty-four yean. He 
was the author of several published sermons 
and pamphlets, including ; — (1) A Sermon on 
the King?* reeotery, 1780 ; (2) The Manner in 
tehich Proteitant Dissentert perform i'uWic 
Wonhip represented and vindicated, 1796 ; (3) 
An Apology for Village Preacher*, 1799 ; (4) 
A Funeral Sermon on the Death of the Bev. Mr. 
Totch, 1807, &d. Kingsbury was one of the 
ministers under whose patronage Dobell pub, 
his Ifea Selection, 1806, and to lhat book con- 
tributed two hymns : — "-Great Lord of all thy 
churches, hear!" No. 213 (Divine Worikip'). 
and "Let us awake our joys,"* No. 100 (Jews 
the King). Both these hymns are in C. U., 
the second being specially popular in America. 

[W. B. 8.] 

TTinnar, Samuel, was a native of Bres- 
lau, and after he had graduated w.d. was for 
some time a physioian there. He then en- 
tered the service of the Duke of Liegnitz- 
Brieg as Bath and Court Physician, and d. at 
Brfeg, Aug. 10, 1668, at the age of 65 (J. H 
Cunradus's Silesia Togata, Liegnitz, 1706, p. 
ISO). One hymn escribed to him has been 
tr., viz. : — 

Hen Jean, Christ, du but itttat, BWj Gwummim. 
In JetemUs Weber's G. B., Leipxig, 1638, p. 39*, In I it. 
of 7 1., entitled "A beautiful hymn on the Supper of the 
Lord. Samuel Kroner." In Bun's O. B., Bresleu, 
1746, No. 166ft, entitled "For worthy reception, before 
Holy Communion." Tr. as : — 

Lord Jesus, Thou art truly good. A fall and good tr. 
by E. Cronenwett, as Ho. 266 In the Ohio Lutterm 
flymtwl, isSO. rj. M,] 

Kippis, Andrew, d.d., was b. at Not- 
tingham, March 28, 1725, and educated for the 
ministry under Dr. Doddridge at Northampton, 
1741-46. After a short residence with congre- 
gations at Boston and Dorking, he settled in 
London in 1753, as minister of the Princes 
Street Chapel, Westminster. There lie re- 
mained tiil his death in 1795, holding rank as 
the leading Presbyterian minister in the 
metropolis. For many years be was classical 
tutor at the Hoiton Academy, and afterwards 
at the Hackney College. He contributed 
largely to the Gentleman's Magazine and the 
Monthly Review, and edited five volumes of 
a new edition of the Biographia Britannica, a 
work commenced in 1778, and interrupted by 
his death on Oct. 8, 1795. His Life of Captain 
Cook was also pub. separately, and to his 
edition of Lardner's Workt (1788) a Memoir 
waa prefixed. His degree of d.d. was con- 
ferred by the University of Edinburgh in 1767. 

He was Joint editor of jt CbWecKon o/ Byamt and 
Paint far public and Private Worthip, selected end 
prepared by Andrew Kippis, n.o., fee. ; Abraham Bees, 
dj>., Sc ; Rev. Thomas Jervio, and Rev. Tbomu Mor- 
nu, u..n., London, l?0s. This collection, commonly 
known u Kipptift, but sometimes u Bea't, passed 
through many editions, a Syvplenmt being mailed In 
1S0J, and was very generally used during the early 
decides of this century by congregations of Presbyte- 
rians and others, then become Unitarian In London snd 
throughout the country [Unitarian Hymnsdy, v flj. It 
contained 6B0 hytuus. 

The sim of the editors In their eelectlon wss to avoid 
" everything of a doubtful or disputable hind," and they 
adopt the language of Dr. Watts In the preuue to bu 
Hymns, " The contentloua and distinguishing word* of 



BXOPSTOOK, FBIEDBICH G. 625 

sects and parties are excluded." The alterations sad 
omissions to adapt various hymns to the standard of the 
editors are considerable, though very little compared to 
what was done by others before and after them. The 
tone of the collection is somewhat colourless, and It 
gradually gave place among Unitarians to others which 
contained fuller snd more varied expression of distinc- 
tively Christian feeling. 

Two hymns by Kippis appear in this Col- 
lection. 

1, " Great God, in vain man's narrow view," Tit 
Inamprrkauibttitgqf God, which was generally adopted 
In later Unitarian books, and appears la Hartineau's 
Jffyswn, isto and 1613. 

t. " How rieh thy sift*, Almighty Xing'," Ifatimal 
ThwiJstgiving, which u four stanzas of the hymn, "Say, 
should we aearcb the globe around." written for the 
thanksgiving appointed Nov. 2b, 1TSP, and appended to 
his Sermon on that occasion. It was given in full 
in Pope's OUt., 1160 ; and the Liverpool Octagon cut., 
1103, InLindsey's CWI., 1TM, Ave staniss are glveni 
in other early boohs only four, as In .fiopif. The last 
two atantas, somewhat (Jtered, appear anonymously as : 
" With grateful hearts, with Joyful tongues," in the 
Cong. B. Bk., 1830, and the New Omg., ISM. 

[V. D. D.] 

TTivVhaTn. [How arm a ftmndatioB, *o.] 

Klantendorfer, Paulus, was a minister 
among the Bohemian Brethren, and d. in 156ft 
To their Kirchengeseng, 1968, he contributed 
one hymn, viz.: — 

VaiL dieser Tag iat vargangea. JSaeninff. 1(66, sa 
above, and thence in Wactrtmaod, iv. p. 349, In 6 si. of 
41. Tr. as, "Because this day is at an end," as No. 
Ml in pt. i. of the Moravian H. Bh., 1154,. In 118» a 
tr. of et. vi. of *' Herr Jesu 1 meinea liebens Hell " 
(see Neumeister) WM added. In Later eds. (186S, No, 
1119) it begins, "Another day [sat an end," [J. M.l 

Klopstock, Friedtich. Gottlieb, the 

eldest of the 17 children of Gottlob Heinrich 
Klopstock (then advocate and commissions- 
rath at Quedliuburg, and after 1735 amtmann 
at Friedeburg, on the Baale, near Halle), was 
b. at Quedlinburg, July 2, 1724. From 173a 
to 1746 he attended the famous school at 
Sohulpforte, near Naumburg (where he con* 
eeived the first idea of his -Messina) ; then he 
entered the Unifersity of Jena, in the autumn 
of 1715, os a student of theology, and the 
University of Leipzig at Easter, 1746, At 
Leipzig lie made acquaintance with J. A. 
Cramer (qv.) ; and became one of the con- 
tributors to the Bremer BeUrSge, in which the 
first three books of hi* Meatat appeared. 
In 1748 he became tutor in the house of a 
merchant named Weiss at Langensalza ; and 
in 1750 accepted an invitation to visit Zurich 
(the literary capital of Switzerland), where 
his Meetiat had been received with great 
enthusiasm. He was then, in the spring of 
1751, invited by the Danish prime minister, 
Count von Bemstorff, to take up his residence 
at the Court of King Frederick V., at Copen- 
hagen, in order to be able to finish his 
Metiitts free from the cares of a profession j 
and was, in 1783, appointed Legationsrath. 
After the Count ceased, in the end of 1770, to 
be prime minister, Klopstock retired to Ham- 
burg, in 1771, on a pension. The rest of his 
life was passed mainly at Hamburg, except 
abont a year spent at Carlsruhe, at the Court 
of the Margave Carl Friedrich of Baden, who 
appointed him Hofrath, He d. at Hamburg, 
March 14, 1803, and was buried with civw 
honours on the 22nd, under a lime-tree in the 
churchyard at Ottensen (Koch, vi. 822; AUq, 
Devttche Biog., xvi, 2% &&J. 



626 KLOPSTOCK, PRIBDRICH G. 

Klopstoclt ranks among the claeslc poets ofGcnnatiy, 
In his Ode» (collected it Hamburg mi, enlarged, 
Leipzig U93 j finally enlarged, Leipzig, 1804) lie Is seen 
at hie best ; his earlier compositions of this class beiog 
tbe finest modem examples for perfection of form, Ijtkj 
grace, majesTy, and parity ofrbytbrn. His most famous 
Work is his Mkstias, which on Its first appearance created 
an enthusiasm snek as had not been awakened by any 
German work for centuries. It was suggested by Mil- 
ton's Parodist Lost, but Milton's calm majesty, firm- 
ness of touch, and unity of Action were all foreign to 
Klopsfcock's nature— bis genius was Ivric rather than 
epic* With all its defects of style and construction. It 
fs still a noble work, and could only have been written 
oyatruepoet and a sincere Christian; though to us Its 
interest perhaps consists as much in. its historical im- 
portance and results as in Its Intrinsic merits* (Books 
1-3 written in prose at Jena, and ihen in hexameter 
verse at Trflpslg, and 1st puth in the Jftue Beytrdge, 
firemen, 1148, Books 1-3 revised, and 4, £ added at 
Halle, 1751 ; 6-10 added In the Copenhagen ed. p 1T5S; 
1MB, Copenhagen, 1763 ; 16-20, Halle, 1773. Finally 
revised ed. In 4 vols., Leipzig* 1800,) 

In hu hymns Klopstock is not seen at his 
best* He seems to nave had little apprecia- 
tion of the requirements which the writer of 
hymns for nee in public worship has to meet. 
Hia hymns are emotional and subjective, little 
suited to congregational tunes, and not suf- 
ficiently simple in style* In his first collec- 
tion (1) Gviattiche Lieder, Copenhagen* 1758, 
he included a number of indifferent recasts of 
earlier German hymns ; hia second collection 
(2) Geistliche Lieder t Copenhagen, 176*9* con- 
sists entirely of original compoaitiona. The 
only one of his hymns which is still much 
used in Germany is " Auferstehn, ja aufer- 
stehn, wirat dn" (q.v.). The others which 
have passed into English C* U. are ; — 

i. ItoinA heilige Oeburt. ■ Supplication* In bis G&itt- 
liche Licder, 17&9, p, ii, in 14 1., repeated in Knanp's 
Jfu. L, S„ lBa7 t No. 4*6, Tr. as "Saviour! byThy 
holy birUt," by Dz\ W, L. Alexander, In 2 st. of 8 1* It 
ivafl written about lftao* bat 1st pah* In the 2nd ed*, 
1868, of his Sel. ofHy:., h T o, 339, entitled "Christ's aid 
invoked*" 

ii* Heir, dn wolltt aia voUbeniten. Eoty Cftm- 
V&uni&n. In b& Ge-istliche Liedcr, 17&S, p, 133, ar- 
ranged for anUpbooal singing by choir and congregation* 
The form tr. into English is "Heir, du wollst uns Tor- 
bere.ten," being the first two slaniaa fur choir altered as 
No. 346 In the WOittemberg G. #♦, 1642, in % at* of 12 [* 
Tr. as " Grant ufl, Lord I due preparation," by L. Ileyl* 
In the Ohio Luth. Hymnal* 1SS0* Another tr. is, " 
God* da Thou Thy folk prepare,'* T>yJ>r* G. Wdlher, 
tafio, p. 64. 

iil T Nloht nur Lfbwtan, tiberwindan. Christian 
War/urn. 1st pub, in the G. B.fUr St. Petri Kopen- 
ha$en t 1760* No. tt&\ repeated in his GHstlicke £i£der t 
UG9, p. 23, in & at. of 8 1., entitled 4t The Victory of the 
FatthfuL" In the Berlin G. L. #,, <xt. 1663, Tr. as 
" Labour ever, lata and early/* a full bat rather free (r. 
by Dr. Kennedy, in hie Eymno. Chrtit., 1S63* 

tv, Ztije dioh uns ohne HUlle, Sunday. In hia 
Geittlichi Lieder, 1769, p. B8* In 4 st. of 3 1., entitled 
"Preparation for Divine Service." Included in the 
Berlin O. L. &, ed* 1863. It ia the only hymn by 
Klopstock much uaed la Eoglish. Tr, at " Lord, re- 
move the veH away/ 1 a good and full tr, by Miss Borth* 
wtcktiarf.L.i,, 3rd 561^*1^8^*47(1884^, 168). In- 
cluded In full In Kennedy, 1S63 ; Eng T Presb. Pi. A 
By*., 1307 \ Tempi* H. Bk., 18S7 \ Dale's Itog. H. Bk., 
1BT6* and others. It is abridged in W* F. Stevenaon's 
Hyx.for Ch. A S<me t 1813, Laudet Domini, N. Y.j 
1084, and others. 

Hymni not in Engtiih 0* IT, 

t- Aah via hat main Hen gerungen, Strength in 
Wteiknat* 17«9* p. 101, in 10 at. Tr. as *■ An me, 
what woes thla heart have wrung," by J. Sheppard. in 
his Foreign Sacred Lyre, 1857* p, 6B, 

tL Du woUat erhSren Ontt* ihr Tlahn. FoftKe Dying. 
ITS8, p. 73* in 11 st* The form ti\ is the recast (pro- 
bably by J. S. Dttericb)* as No* 120, in the Berlin G. J?., 
1765, beginning "Bein stud wfr Gottt in Ewlgkelt/' 
IV* as u "We're Thine, O God* for evermore/' by Dr. S. 
MlUt, 1846 (1866, p. 341)* 

Tii* Selig- dnd dw Ebwueli Srben* For the Dying ; 



KNAK, GUSTAV F. L, 

or, At Funerali. 11S8, j\ 16, In 1 pts., arrfli^ed ft>e 
choir uid congregation^ In *11 10 et^ Founded on Rev. 
xlv, 13. Sung «t the funeral of J* CL Lavater, JmHiery 
4, 1801. 3V. &a H Bles«ed Are the helra uf he&ven>' r bj 
<r. Moultrie, In his ^j. £ £yrto, ISfiT, p. 33T. 

™i. Btarte, die m diewr Zelt. For the Dying. 
l?E>H t p. l,ia aet, 3V» aa ^Strengthen, Lord, the weary 
soul," by Q. AToultrit, In hift ^y^* <fc Lyric*, 186T, p. 355, 
marked aa an " orison for the departing spirit." 

ii. TJm Etden vandeln llonde. The Lord's Frayer. 
In his Qden, vol. il„ Leipzig, 179B, p. 119, nurted aa 
written In 1789, and entitled " Psalm. " It Is an ode of 
69 lines, embodying Mid amplifying the LonTs Prayer, 
Sung at his own fntieral. Tr* as, (1) ^ Moons round 
their planeta roll," by J. Sheppasri, 18B!, p. 4fl. (2) 
" Bound their planets roll the moons," by Miss Wink' 
worth, 1369, p. 332. 

x. Venn ich einat vfln jenent Sahliuumer. Miming. 
lltQ, p. ST, in 3 st. In the Wurttemberg &. B., 1342, 
No. 562, Therrt, are, (1)" When I rise again to life/' 
by W. Hind, In his Odea of Ktopttock, 1348, p. 301. 
(3) "When I wake from out that slumber," In A. Bss- 
kervllle*s Poetry of Gervmny, 1854, p. 39, repeated 
In the Schafr-flihnan Lib. of Ed. Poetry, ed. 1883, 
p. 383. (3) " Father, let no day to come" (Uw te*t used 
begins with st. $1, altered to " Oleh dasa kelner melner 
Tage"), hy J. Sheppard, 1B5T, p. ea. (4) " Since I one 
day from yonder sleeping," hy Mits Warner, 1869, p. 40, 

xi. Zitternd freu ioh mtoh. The Yievm of God. 1st 
pnb, in the JfordixcAe Avfttker ed. by J. A. Cramer, 
vol. il, (Copenhagen, 1560). In hie Odtn, Hita- 
hnr^, 1T71, p. 35, In 90 lines, and marked as written In 
1?5». Tr. as, (1) "With trembling I rejoice," by W. 
JVtnd, 1948, p, ISO. (2) "Ijoy, but tremblingly," by 
J. Bhtppard, 185T, p. 24. (3) "Trembling I rejoice," 
by MUi Wivkworth, 1869, p. 329. 

Besides the above a considerable number of 
Klopetock'a Oden are tr. by J. Sheppard in 
hie Foreign Soared Lyre, 1857. A full selec- 
tion from the Oden appeared as Odes af Klop- 
ttoeh from 1747 to 1780. Translated from fhe 
German by William Mnd, London, W. Picker- 
ing, 1848. [J. BT] 

Knalc, Gnstav Friedrioh Ludwig, 

b. of Christian F. L. Knok, Justiz Oommis- 
sarius at Berlin, n*as b. at Berlin, July 12, 
1806. He matriculated as a student of 
theology at the University of Berlin, Easter, 
1826, In the- autumn of 1829 lie became 
tutor in a private school at Konjgs-Wuater- 
bausen, near Berlin, where he worked man- 
fully for the sick and dying daring the cholera 
year 1831. He returned to Berlin in August, 
1S32, and acted as one of ttie editors of tlie 
well-known Gaittlieher Lieder ^cAafe (referred 
to in this Dielionary as the Berlin G. L. 8.), 
to which he contributed a number of hymns, 
and for which he 71016 the preface dated Dec. 
11, 1832. In the autumn of 1831 be wag 
ordained pastor of Wusterwitz, near Dram- 
burg, in Fomerania; and in the end of 1849 
was appointed Goesner's successor as Pastor 
of the Lutheran-Bohemian congregation (Betli- 
lehemBkircke) in Berlin. During a holiday 
visit to a married daughter at Dlinnow, near 
Slolpemiiode, he was taken suddenly ill, and 
d. there July 27, 1878; his boiiy being re- 
moved to Berlin and laid to rest in the grave- 
yard belonging to hie ohurch (O. Kraut, 1879, 
p. 266; AHg. Deutsche Biog., Xvi. 261, &c.). 

Knak was a man of praygr, a faithful and successful 
preacher and pastor, and greatly mtereeled In Missions 
at home and abroad, especially in the Lutheran missions 
to China and the Chinese Orphanage at Hong Kong. 
As a hymn-writer he Is distinguished by elegance of 



style, harmony of rhythm, and deep love to the personal 
Christ. His hymns appeared In hia Simon Johanna, 
hatt da mieh Jieh 7 Berlin, 1829 (enlaiged editions pub. 



at Berlin 1810, nnd again in 1843 as his Zimtha.rf&}\ 
in the Berlin G. L. S., ed. 1932; and In his itefce urn 
lAebe . . . Jfaehtrau ru deteen zionahaife, Werder, 
2nd ed. 1849 (3rd ed. Berlin, isso). 



KNAPP, ALBERT 

Those of Knak's hymns which have passed 
into English are: — 

1. tMrt mioh geh'n, laaet mioh gah'n. Longing 
for Heaven. Of the origin of this favourite 
hymn, 0. Kraus, 1879, p. 26B, gives the follow- 
ing account : — 

" Xnak's earnest seal in the cause of missions to the 
heathen had the natural result, that for many years he 
was summoned as festival preacher to the most distant 
Mission services. On the way to fulfil these engage- 
ments many of Knak's hymns bad their origin. About 
1845, one day the paator of Wusterwltz [bis cure J came 
to pastor Sondennanu at Ooprlebeu, and asked him to 
play the well-known popular melody 'Morgenroth, 
Horgenrcth,' aa he hid juat composed a hymn to that 
tune. As the desired melody rang out, the poet struck 
up for the first time that hymn since sung by hundreds 
of thousands, 'Laest tnioh gub'nl Lasst mich geh'n, 1 
Later, Enak's blind organist, Voigtlander, In Berlin, 
composed the pleasing melody, to which at the present 
time the hymn is generally sung." 

This hymn appears to have been written on 
July 23, 1&46, and is included in his Liebe ton 
Lvsbc, 1849 (3rd ed., 1850, No. 48), in 5 st, of 
5 1., entitled " Longing after Jerusalem." It 
soon attained wide popularity, and is given as 
No. 1597 in the Berlin Q. L. 8., ed. 1863, Tr. 
as: — 

1, Te the sky, to tbe iky* A good and full tr. 
by J. M. Sloan, contributed to J, H. Wilson's 
Service of Praise, 18BS, No. 165, and Songs of 
Zion, 1878, Ko. 94 ; in both cases set to Voigt- 
l&nder's melody. 

2. let me go, let me go, Jeiua, face to face, to 
know. In fall, by Mrs, Edmund Ashley, in 
the British Herald, Sept., 1867, p. 139; re- 
peated in Raid's Praise Bh., 1872. In the 
Christian Hyt., Adelaide, 1872, No. 347 begins 

ft st. ii. "Glorious light, glorious light." 



KNAPP, ALBERT 



627 



, (1) " Let me close, let me close," 
11 la Start Melodiet, Lond., Morgan, K.n., ' 



wi! 

Other trs, 
No. 11 In Heart ifcJ«K«. Lond., Morgan, K.n., signed 
*■ A. P. E. J." (1) " Let me flee, let me flee," by E. 
Jfonie, lass, (a) " Let me go, let me go. Lord to me," 
by Mrs. H. R. Spaeth, In the Southern Luth; Service 
A Byt. for S. SeAootl, Philadelphia, 13S3. (4) " Let 
me go I ab, let me go," by J. JTeHy, 1886. 

Other hymns by Knak which have been tr. 
into English are : — ■ 

E. Herr, da hast una retch Msegnet. (Sou qf Divine 
Service. Zimtharfe, 1843, Ho. 92, in 2 st. IV. as 
" Lord, we've tasted Thy rich Messing," in L. Rehfuess's 
Ciurcao* sea, issa. 

tii. Ich tin ein Klger Gottea hier auf Erden, Pil- 
grimage ef lift. Liebe tun Liebe, 3rd ed. 1860, No. 45, 
in 4 st. Tr. aa " God's pilgrim am I here, on earth 
below," by J. KeUy, 1885. 

iv, Jesus set mit dir anf alien Wegen- Birthday 
with. Liebe vn Liebe, arded, 1866, Ko. 36, in 22 lines. 
2V. aa (1) "Jesus be with thee la thy ways. Jesus 
favour," In L. Rebfuesa's Chunk at Sea, less. (21 
"Jesu be with thee io all thy ways, Jesu crown," 
by jr. KeUy, 18B6. 

v. Kit der Sennsueht heiasen Blicken. Love to 
Ckritt. Zioiwharfe, 1840, p. 4, In 6 st. IV. as " With 
the glow of ardent longing," by miss Burlingham, In 
the Brili i\ Herald, Sept. 1866, p. 141. 

vi. 8ei gettost, e Bede, Crnti and Camotation. 
HUnuharft, 19*0, p. 2, in 3 st. Tr. aa " my soul, be 
comforted, Give not," by J. EeUy, less, 

viL Venn See&en fich. Euaaanmanniiden. Communion 
ef Sainte. Berlin Q. I,. S„ ed. 1632, No. 1B5T, in 6 st. 
Tr. as " When they may chance to meet together," by 

Dr. H. MttU, 1846 (1866, p. 186). 

viii. Ziebt int Friedou euro Ffade* Fare^eU. Zion- 
lharfe, 1843, No. 88, in 11 lines. IV. aa "Now in 
peace go on your ways," in L. Rehfuesa's Church at 
Sta, ie«8. [J. M.] 

Knapp, Albert, was b. July 25, 1798, at 
Tabingen, where his father (1800, Oberamt- 
maim at Alpirsbuch in the Black Forest, and 
1309, Oberamtroann at fiottweil) was then 



advocate at the Court of Appeal, in the 
autumn of 1814 he entered the Theological 
Seminary at Maulbromi, arid in 1816 the 
Theological College at Tubingen, where he 
also graduated m.a. at the University. In 
November, 1820, ho became assistant clergy- 
man at Feuerbach, near Stuttgart; and in 
July, 1821, at Gaiaburg, near Stuttgart. Ho 
was appointed, in Feb., 1 825, diacomts (Heifer) 
at Sola on the Neckar, and also pastor of the 
neighbouring village of Hoizhausen ; in June, 
1831, archidiaconus at Kiiokheim-unter- 
Teck, along with Bahnmaier (<j.v.); in May, 
1836, diaoonus of the Hospitalkirche in Stutt- 
gart ; and in October, 18'A7, archidiaeonus of 
the Stsftskirche. He was finally appointed, 
in December, 1845, Stadtpfarrer at St. 
Leonhard's Church in Stuttgart, where, after 
having been for some time partially disabled 
by paralysis, he preached his last sermon, 
Feb. 13, 1863. He d. at Stuttgart, June 18, 
1864 (Koch, vii, 213; Mlg. Deutsche Biog., 
ivi. 263, &c). 

Knapp as a Poet possessed not merely very consider- 
able talent, but also natural originality. He was pre- 
eminently a lyric poet ; ihe best ofbie secular poems being 
those -which celebrate the history and the scenery of hie 
beloved Swabia. His poems ore characterised by rich 
play of fancy, wealth of ideas and of figures, masterly 
word-painting, capacity of leeling, ease of expression, 
and sonorous and musical rhythm. Unfortunately the 
very flow of his imagination betrayed him, for the 
greatest fault of his poems is that they are at once too 
numerous and too long (and it must be added sometimes 
too rhetorical and too eager to point a moral) ; what was 
easy writing becomes hard reading. 

As a Mymn^utrittr Y among the recent hymn-writers of 
Germany, Knapp holds a high place, perhaps we might 
say the highest of ell. To his hymn-writing be bronght 
his powers aa a poet, and the depth of hie nature aa an 
earnest and sincere disciple of Jesus Christ, in his 
hymns his aim was to make known the fulness of the 
grace of God, and to reveal the wealth and depth of Holy 
(Scripture, and the love of God to all mankind. Their 
earnestness, their experimental Christianity, their Scrlp- 
turalneas and their beauty of form have gained far many 
of them a place in all recent German hymn-boohs. 
They have somewhat nnaccountably been neglected by 
English translators. It is certainly surprising that In 
the Hymni from the Land of Luther not one version 
from Knapp node a place, While-all the hymns of 
Spitta's Psalter wad Harfe have passed into English, 
and many of tbem in half a dozen different versions, 
comparatively few of Knapp's hymns have been trans- 
lated, though they rank much higher as poetry, and are 
more suited for Church use than these by Spitta. 

As a Bymnologist Knapp did good service by bis 
Christoterve [complete set In Berlin], an annual which 
be edited from 1333 to 1863, in which many of his own 

Eieoes appeared, and also many of the best poema and. 
ymne of Hey, Meta Heusser-ScbweiEer, and various 
others. He was also the compiler of the Evangelixcher 
Lieder-Schati (frequently referred to in thia Dictionary 
as Knapp's JFp. L. S.) t the most elaborate German hymn- 
book «f recent times. Of this the 1st ed.,wlth 3900 
hymns, appeared at Stuttgart in 1831, and a Supplement 
entitled Vhristenlieder, 1841, added 260 more. In his 
2nd ed., 1860 (3067 hymns) be omitted many of the third- 
rate hymns of his 1st ed., added many of a higher class, 
and gave tbo hymns more nearly ([but by no means 
exactly) as the authors wrote tbem. The 3rd ed., 18GS 
(3130 hymns, concluded by hifl son), was further im- 
proved, and the notices of the authors of the hymns 
were revised and enlarged. As a comprehensive collec- 
tion with a specially foil representation of good modem 
hymns It has no rival in German. He was also one of 
the editors of the W&rttemberg <?. B. of 1842. The 
editions which he prepared of the Hymns of Gottfried 
Arnold (1846) and N. L. von Zfnsendorf (1845) are of 
interest, but he took most unwarrantable liberties with 
the originals; many pieces &elng not mereiy abridged 
but rewritten " to suit the requirements of the 18th 
century/' 

Konpp'a original hymns appeared princi- 
pally in his Christoterpe and Mvangeliteker 
l/ieder-ffcliatx, as above; and also in hig 



628 



KNAPP, ALBEBT 



(1) ChrUtHche GedvAU, 2 voU., Basel, 1829. 

(2) Neuere Qtdichte, 2 vole., Basel, 1831, some- 
times ranked as vols, iii., iv. of No. 1. (3) Ge~ 
rttchte, Neuette Folje, Stattgart, 1B43. (4) 
Hertemsthen, Stuttgart, 1859. Those which 
hare passed into English G. V. aiu : — 

f. Ait deiner Eltnn Aunen. Holy Baptism. 
This and No. iv. teem to have been written for 
the baptism of his own children. 1st put. in 
his Christoterpe, 1850, p. 233, in 3 «t. of 8 1., 
entitled "Baptismal Hymn," and repeated in 
his En. L. &, 1850, Ho, 8« (1865, No. 875). 
The tr. in C. U. is 

Thy parent's inu now yield thee. In the 
original metre by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra 
Ger., 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 89 ; and thence in 
Kennedy, 1863. Slightly altered for metrical 
reasons in her C. B. for England, 1863, No. 89. 
iL Bliek aiu diesem Hrdenthals (p. ISO L). 

Iii. Shut fahren wir mm Valerianae (p. StS ii.). 

Iv, Vaterhara, das Xrd' and Himmel sehuf. 
Holy Baptism. A beautiful hymn of supplication 
to (i.) God the Creator; (ii.) God the Kedeemer ; 
(iii.) God the Sanctirier; on behalf of the 
child, ending with a prayer to the Holy Trinity 
for guidance and blessing throughout its life. 
1st pub. in his CAritUntieder, 1841, No. 89, in 
4 St. of 8 1., repeated in his En. L. S., 1850, No. 
847 (1865, No. 876). The tr. in C. V. is :— 

Father-Heart, Who hut created all. A good 
and full tr. by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra 
Ger., 2nd Ser,, 1858, p. 87, repeated in the 
SchalC-Gilmnn Lib. of Eel. Poetry, <nlAS83,p. 437. 
In the hymnals it appears in the following forms, 
all beginning with st. i. : — 

1. rather, Than Who halt ereated all. In 8. A. 
A M., 1901 and IMS, and others. 

S. lather.' Whs hut erutad all. In Adams's 
American Ch. Pattoralt, law, being the if, A. ce M. 
version reduced to c.k. 

», Father, Who hut created all. In the Pennsyl- 
vania Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868, In s.S.S.fl.8.8. metre. 

1, Father of heaven, Who hart ereated all, In 
Kennedy, 1S03[ the S. P. C. K. Chvirch Jtyt., 1911; 
Thiing'e Coll., 1882 ; and in America in M. W. Stiyker's 
Chrittian CKoralt, 1885. 

Hymn* net In English 0. TJ : — 

v. Abend lit ts ; Hen, die Stands, Evening. 
Written at Suli, Juno 19, 1929 (Xoch, vli. 234), 1st 
pnb. in ill Chrittlieh* Gediehte, 1339, t. p. 9, In 10 st. 
Tr. as " It is evening, and the hour, Lord," by Mitt 
Manington, 18*3, p. 130. 

Tf, Knee wttnsoh ich mir w auem Andem. Love 
to Chriit. 1st pnb. in Lis Chrittliche Geatchte, 1839, I. 
p. lit, in 4 St., entitled "My Wish." Lauxmann, in 
OeA, Till, as, asys it was written, April 23,1823, while 
Knapp was at Oalsburg, Kir the see of a young girl at 
Stuttgart who was about to be confirmed. Dr. Sdiaff 
classes It as the finest and most popular church hymn 
of Its author. Tr. as "More than all, one thing my 
heart Is craving," by T. C Porter, April 13, 1868, for 
ScbafFs Chriit in Song, lass, p. MS. 

vii, Oeh hin J der Herr hat dieh nrufen. Burial of 
a child. Written, 1944, on the death of his son Manuel. 
1st pub. la his Chrittottrpe, 1849, p. 139, In 4 St. Tr. as 
" Go hence ! the Lord bsth called thee home," by Dr. J. 
Guthrie, in his Sacrtd Lyrict, 1B8», p. 111. 

vili, Gab ran Sehltunmer ohne Kumrner. Burial. 
Written in memory of hia first wife, who A. April 11, 
ISM. 1st pub. in hie Sv. L. 8.. 1M7, Ho. 3432 (1805, 
No. 3008), in 3 st. Tr. as "Softly slumber, softly 
slumber,'' by E. Messie, In the Bay qf littt, 1878. 

is. Geiat des Lebena, heil're dabe. Whitiuntide, 
Written at Suli tor Whitsuntide, 1928 {Koch, vli. 225). 
let pub. Id his ChriitlicXt Gediehte, 1929, i. p. s«. In 13 
st. Tr. as " Thou Spirit, Who dost lift Impart," by 

J. Xelty, 1B9S, p. 63. 

x. SEttest du Llebt und Heil. The Bltwingt e/ Sal- 
vation. In his Chrittliche Otdichte, 1828, 1. p. 149, hi 
7 st. Tr, u "Oh, Jesus 1 had'st Thou not brought 
near," by C. T. Aillef, lew, p. 30, 



KNOLL, CHBISTOPH 

xL Heulend apielea Btiinne mit den Bahlfian. Ftyr 
thote at Sea. 1st pub. In his Chrittlicht Gediehte, 182», 
li. p. M, in 10 St., entitled "The Walk on the Sea. 
Matthew xiv. 24-32." Tr. as "Howling storms are 
sporting with the vessel," in L. Behfuesaa Church at 

Sett, I8S9, p. 38. 

xii, Ihr Einder lemt Ton Anfa n g gem. Children. 
Written 1939, and 1st pnb. in his Chrittenlieder, 1041, 
No. 112, in 9 St., entitled "The Use of the Fourth (Fifth) 
Commandmeiit." TV. as " Detimee learn, ye craldren, 
well," by Dr. G. Walter, i860, p. 68, 

xiii. Jeans, ew^ge Sanne. The Gtary of Chritt. In 
his lituert Sedwhte, 1834, 11. p. So, in J st. Tr. as 
"Jesus, everlasting Sun," by J. Xdly, 1885, p. 35. 

xiv. Sehvellet saott, ihr weisten Bagel. For thaie 
at Sea. 1st pub. in his Xt. L. £., 1831, Wo. 310S, In 5 
st. Tr. as "Gently swell, ye white sails, driven," in 
L. Kehfaess's Church at *s, 18S8, p. 13. 

xt. Sohn des Yater*, Herr lar Zhren. Waiting on 
Gat. In his ChriMiche Gcdichte, 1829, 1. p. 162, In 3 
st. 7r. as (1) " Son of the Father ! mighty Lord, An 
answer," by C. T. datley, I860, p. 1. (2) "Lord of 
glory, God's dear Son, Let this thing," ta., by II. Xateit, 
1804, p. 124. 

xvi. Btreiehat hin, ihr leisen Flngel, The Flettntu 
of Tone, In his JSbi, /.. S., 1837, So. 2903, In 3 st. 
TV. as "0 ye winds of time E still hieing," in L. Keh- 
faess's Church at Sea, 1988, p, 42. 

ivii. Weh' mleh Torn sanften lEittag an. The Wait- 
ing Soul. The original of this hymn is J. Newton's 
"Breathe from the gentle South, Lord" (Olncy Syr., 
Mi, lilt. Hi., No. 10). Knapp's tr. is fall and good, 
and i« Included in his Chriitatcrpt, 1831, p. 294, and .fie 
/„ S-, 183), No. 22St, The text tr. is that In S. Heifer's 
I'ilgerharfe, Basel, 1903, No. 119, which begins with 
st. 111. altered to "O Kerr, ich miichte stifle seln." 
Mr. 11. Massie was qalte unconscious that he was re- 
pnriliiclnf a hymn of Newton's by a process of double 
translation. His versions are, (1) " O Lord, I gladly 
would be still," In the liritith Herald, June, 1885, p. 88. 
(2) " Lord, 1 would stilt and patient be," In the hay of 
Rat, 1ST7, vol. vlii, p, 3fs. 

xviii. Wenn ich In stuler Frlihs. Morning. In his 
Chriitliche Gediehte, 1H2», i. p. 25. In 3 St., entitled 
■• The Morning Star." Tr. as, (1) "When In the^ool, 
still morning," by It. Massie, in .the Britiih Herald, 
April, 186S, p. 56, and Reld's P rain Bk., 1972. (2) 
"When from my sleep awaking," by R. Massie, in the 
Day nfRett, 1877, p. 375. 

xix. Wie held ist dieae Stills. Sunday Morning. 
Written 1842. In bis Gediehte, Naititc Folge, 1843, p. 3, 
in 1 St. In his Ev. L. S., 1930, No 117* (1865, No, 
1317), it begins "Wie sligs." 3V, as "O quiet, silent 
sweetness," in L. Kehfuess's Church at Sea, 1868, p. 27. 

Five additional hymns by Knapp are tr. by 
Dr. H. Mills in his Horae Germanicae, 1815 
and 1856. A version by Knapp from Usesar 
Malan is noted under "Non, ca nost pas 
mourir." [J. M.] 

Knight, Joel AbeL In Dobell's Ifem 
Selection of 700 Ecangelical Hymns, 1806, is a 
hymn on the death of a child, commencing, 
" Alas 1 how changed that lovely flower," the 
name affixed being "Knight" It also ap- 
pears with the same signature in Denbam'g 
Selection, 1837, and in seme American hymn- 
boohs. The writer was most probably the 
Rev. Joel Abel Knight, an Evangelical divine, 
who, in 1789, pub. a vol. of Sermons, and was 
the author of a small volume of Sacred Poemt. 
Knight was a man of some note, and Mend of 
J. Newton, Greathead, Eippon, and Syland, 
He was also the author of " My Father's at 
the helm." [W. B. 8,] 

Knoll, CbriBtoph, was b. in 1563 at 
Bimzlau in Silesia, and entered the Uni- 
versity of Frankfurt a. Oder in 1583. In 1586 
he was appointed assistant (Signator) in the 
school at Bproltau in Silesia. He then became, 
in 1591, diaconus, and in 1620 arohidiaoonns, 
at Sprottan. On Nov. 23, 1628, he was ex- 
pelled by the tdchtenptein dragoons, but was 



KNOLLIS, FRANCIS M. 

eventually allowed to become pastor at the 
neighbouring Tillage of Wittgendorf, where 
he d. iii 1650 (S. J. Ehrhardt' s FreibyteroUni* 
SehUsient, 1780-89, iii. pp. 386, 605, Ac). 
His well-known hymn, 

Hannah that miss varlangaa, fbr (He tying, Is 11U 
to have been written during a pestilence In IBM, nod 
iu first printed it Gorlits In ISO* (see Blotter /Mr 
BfmiuAoSK, 18W, pp. B, M, be,). In Waeternopef, v. 
p. S60 (from Bnchwalder's ff. i., Uorllti, 1S11, »c), the 
Brm. L. & 1S61, Ho. 821, to., tn 11 it. of 8 1. tr. as 
" By heart la filled with kinging," "by Was Winkwortb 
iDherCJJ./wSnflJwKi, ISO, Appi.Ko.lv. [J. M.] 

Knollia, Francis Kinden, d.d., a. of the 
Rev. James Knollis, Vicar of Perm, Bucks, 
was b. Not. 11, 1815, end d. at Bournemouth, 
Aug. 25, 1863. He was edncated at Magdalen, 
Oxford (b.a. 1837, D.D. 1851), and took Holy 
Orders in 1838. He was for sometime Fellow 
of his College, Chaplain to Lord Ribblesdale, 
and Incumbent of Fitxbead. His publications 
were somewhat numerous, including A Wreath 
for the Altar ; A Garland for the School, or 
Sacred Verse* for Sunday Scholars, 185*. His 
well-known hymn, " There is no night in 
heaven " (Heaven and its blessedness), appeared 
in Rutherford's Lay* of (he Sanctuary and 
Otter Poem*, 1859, p. 134, in 10 at. of 4 1. It 
is headed " The One Family. Thoughts for 
the Feast of St. Michael and AIL Angels." 

[J. J.] 

Knjjpken, Andreas (Cnophiua), was 
b. at Kuetrin (Custrin) about 1490. He was for 
some time assistant in the school at Treptow.in 
Fast Fomerania, under Bugenhagen. Bnt as 
they both espoused the cause of the Reforma- 
tion, they had to flee from Treptow in 1521, 
Bugenhagen to Wittenberg, and Knopken to 
Riga. At Riga Enonken conducted a suc- 
cessful disputation with the monks, and was 
appointed by tbe Council and burgesses 
evangelical arcuidiaconus of St. Peter's 
Church, where he began his work OoL 23, 
1522. He d. at Riga, Feb. 18, 1539. 

Knoplen's hymns are almost all Psalm versions. 
Three appeared under the title of EtkKkt pabnen dorch 
Andrtan Kn&pken wrdUttcht as an Appendix to B. 
Waldis's De jwobeH mm wrlorn SsoAa, Elga, 1*S7, 
The rest appeared In the Mga XitthtnordiaHiy, 1630, 
1S3T, ftic. we the Introduction to Dr. J. Geflcken's re- 
print (Hannover, 1882) of the various eds. of this KiT~ 
ckew^dnunff. 

Knopken's hymns (r. into English are : — 

i. Bilff Gott, wis geht las rmnwr in. Ft. ii. Ml, 
as above, and thence Tn WaikernatA, iiL pp. Ss-103, In 
s at. of 7 1., beginning *' Help Qodt. wo gayt dat yomet 
to. The High Gorman form la In the Zwickau Sn- 
ehiridion, less. IV. as " Quhat la the cans, O God 
omnipotent " In tbe Ovdc and Qodlic BaUatet, lSSS, 
t. it (1869, p. 14). 

il. Ton alien sCeasehea abeswamdt. Pt. «a». 1SST, 
as above, and tbenoe In Wacwrmwr^, Hi. pp. 106-109, 
In 13 st. of T 1., beginning " Van alien Mynscben atge- 
wandt." In High German In V. Schumann's Q. B-, 
Leipzig, 163ft. IV. as " 1 lyft my soule, Lorde, up 
to the, My God," by Bp. Ooverdale, 1639 (Raaavnt, 
18«, p. MS}. 

A hymn frequently, but erroneously, as* 
cribed to Knopken is noted under Crrudgar, K, 
f> »1 1.). [J. MO 

Hnorr, Christian, Baron von Boaen- 
roth, a. of Abraham Knot* von Rosenroth, 
pastor at Altrauden in Silesia, was b. at 
Altrauden, July 15, 1036. After studying at the 
Universities of Leipzig (where he graduated 
h.a. 1659, along with J7B. Carpzov, the famous 
Orientalist) and Wittenberg, he made an ex- 



KNOBB, CHRISTIAN 



629 



tended tour through France, England, and 
Holland. At Amsterdam he became ac- 
quainted with an Armenian prince, with the 
chief Rabbi, Meier Stem, from Frankfurt-am- 
Main, with Dr. John Lightfoot, Dr. Heury 
More, and others, and as the result of inter* 
course with them, devoted himself to the 
study of the Oriental languages, of chemistry) 
and of the cabalistic sciences. For his learn- 
ing in these departments he was taken into 
the service of the like-minded Palsgrave 
Christian August of Sulzbacb, who in 1668 
appointed him Geheimratli and prime minis- 
ter (Kanzlei-director). He was created Baron 
von Rosenroth by the Emperor Leopold I, in 
1677, and d. at Sukbach (near Amberg, 
Bavaria), May 8, 1689, it Is said at the hour 
he had himself predicted. (WtUd, ii.48,and 
A. B,, ii 444; Homer's Nachriehten ton 
LtedeTdichtem, Schwabaoh, 1775, p. 142, Ac.) 
Knorr edited various RabblnEca] wrltlnea, published 
various cabalisUo vorka (e.g. his A'aobafti iamdata, 
3 voila., Snltbtch, 16TT), and was one of the aeekers 
after the pbilosopber'a stone. Hie hymns appeared aa 
Neuer H&ieoa uiit seiner JVeutt JfuasH, dot itt: Geitt- 
lithe SUtxn-Lieder, &c Ndmberg, IS** [Hamburg 
Library], a work containing To hymns moauy nowlng 
In expression and metre. OT these 12 sre poetic versioiia 
from Boethins's De Cansolatfone Phitoiophiat, B are 
from Latin hymns, and S are recasts of older Ger- 
man hymns. Sixteen of his bymns were Included by 
Freyllnghansen In his 67. s., IIM and lfit. AToei 
speaxs of them not unjustly as " truly pious and spiri- 
tual," as " of genuine poetical elevation and glowing 
desire after Inner union with Chrlet," and sb tbe fruits 
of a " noble and chaately earnest mystldsro." 

Two of Knorr's hymns have passed into 

English. One is a tr. of "Ad coenam Agni" 
if, it ii,). The other is 

XorfengUna to Ewifkait, Homing. This 
fine hymn appeared, 1681, as above, p. 159, in 
7 it. of 6 1., entitled " Morning Prayer," nnd is 
Included in the Berlin Q. L. 8., ed. 1868, No. 
1121. It is based ou a byran by M. Opiti (sec 
Opita, Ko. iL), but is more happily expressed, 
and has attained much greater popularity. 
Fischer, ii. 94, speaks of it as "one of the 
freshest, most original, and spirited of Morning 
Hymns, as if born from tbe dew of the sunrise. 
In all the trt. in C II. st. ii,, v. are omitted, 
Tr. as .•— 

1. Light af heaven's eternal day I A good tr. 
by A. T. Russell, as No. 68 in the Dsleton Hos- 
pitnl H. Bit., 184B, repeated in his own P*. $ 
ffyi., 1851, and the Cheltenham College H. Bi,, 
1666. 

B. Bayapriag of Eternity 1 Dawn on aa thla 
moming'tide. A good tr. by Miss Winkworth 
in her Lyra Oer., 1st Ser., 1855, p. 219. In 
full in the Hyl. for St. John'*, Aberdeen, 1670, 
and E. Courtaulcf's P>., By*. # Anihetm, I860; 
and abridged in Hyi. of the Spirit, Boston, U. 8., 
1864, Dr. Martineau's Hyatns, 1873, and others. 

3. Jaaua, Bun of Klghteouanoss. A good bat 
rather free ir. by Miss Borthwiek, in H. L. L^ 
2nd Ser., 1855, p. 23 (1884, p. 88), included in 
the Hy. Comp., 1876; Evany. Union flyl^ 1878 ; 
Ch. Praise, 1883, &c. ; and in America in the 
Sabbath H. Bk,, 1858; Pennsylvsnia Luth. Ch. 
Bh., 1868, and others. In £. T. Frnst's Suppl. 
H. Bk., 1869, Baptist Syl., 1879, and others, 
IL b, 6 of each st. are omitted. In Hatfield's 
Church B. Bh„ N. Y., 1872, Bys. f Songs of 
Praise, N. Y., 1874, and others, it is rewritten 
to 6 lines of 7'a. 

4. Conn, Thsu bright ana raeraiag star, A good 



630 



KNOWLES, JAMBS D. 



tr. contributed by K. Massie to the 1857 eJ. of 
Mercer's C. P. £ H. Bk., No. 503 (Ox. ed. 1864, 
No. 1), and in his own Lyra DomesUoa, 1 864, p. 
136. Repeated in E. Minton Taylor's Hymnal, 
1872, No. 42; Marlborough College H. Bk., 
1869 ; Rugby School H. Bit., 1876, aud others. 

S, Sun of heaYan's eternal day. A good tr. 
contributed by Dr. John Ker to the United 
Fresh, /mp. Miss. Mag., 1858, p. 73 ; repeated in 
the Ibrox Hyl., 1871. 

8. Dayspring- >f Etsroity, Light of nnoreated 
light. By Dr. B. H. Kennedy, as No. 824 in his 
Hymno, Christ., 1863. 

7. TJayapidiig- of Bteraity 1 Hide no max* ibj 
radiant dawning. A good tr. by Miss Wink- 
worth (based on her 1855 version), as No. 159 in 
her C. B. for England, 1863. Repeated in R. 
Minton Taylor's Hymnal, 1872, No, 43, and the 
Bk. of Ch. Praise, 1865 (Bosworth). 

8. Bajiprinf of Eternity, Brightness of the 
Tathatfa glory. A good but free tr. by J. H. 
Hopkins, 1st pub. in Dr. Walter's Chorals $ 
Hys., 1866, and then in his own Carols, Hys. # 
Songs, 1882, p. 145. Included in the Hys. $ 
Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874. 

9. Dayspring of Iteraity, Brlghtnau of the Light 
divine, In Brown-Borthwick's Select Hys., 1871, 
and Ch. Hys., 1871, compiled mainly from the 
trs. by Miss Winkworth anfi Miss Borthwick, but 
partly from Dr. Kennedy aod Mr, Russell. 
Thence in J. L. Porter's Coll., 1876, and the 
Psalmist, 1878. 

10. Dayajriag of eternal day. A good tr. by 
Edward Thring, contributed to the Uppingham 
and Sherborne Sfeftoof H. Bk., 1874, No. 5. 

Other txs. an: (1.) "Bay-dawn of Eternity/' by B. 
I. BuctoU, lata, p. 3*. (a) " Dayetar from ISternity," 
In J. SUeppani'a Foreign Sacred iyre, 18ST, p. 84. (3) 
" Morning glance of verity," by Miss MtxRinnUm, 18B3, 
p. 111. (4) "Brightness of Eternal Day, by Miss 
Burlingham, la the British Scratd, May, 188$, p. 2B4, 
and Beid's Praise Bk., 1812, Ho. *04. [J. M.] 

Knowlee, James Davis, an American 
Baptist Minister, 'was, b. at Providence, Khodo 
Island, 1798; educated tit Columbian Col- 
lege; became pastor of the 2nd Baptist 
Church, Boston, 1825, and Professor at New- 
ton Theological Institute, 1832. He d. in 
1838. Bis hymn, " God, through countless 
worlds of light " (Dedication of a Place of 
Worship), appeared in the Baptist Psalmist, 
1813 ; the Meth. Episco. Hymns, 1849, &a 

[F. M. B.] 

Knox, William, b. at Firth, Lilliesleaf, 
Roxburgh, Aug. 17, 1789, and educated at the 
parish school, and the grammar school at 
Musselburgh. For some time lie was en- 
gaged in fanning at Wrae, near Langholm, 
Dumfriesshire; but not succeeding to his 
satisfaction, be left Wrae in 1817, and finally 
settled in Edinburgh in 1820, where he sub- 
sequently obtained employment as a con- 
trib^tor to the public journals. Hed-inEdin- 
burgh, Nov. 12, 1825. His poetical works 
were, (1) The £onei« Hearth, North Shields, 
1818 ; (2) Songs of Israel, 1824 ; (3) The Harp 
of Zion, 1825 ; and (4) these three works, to- 
gether with a short Memoir, as his Poems, &c,, 
Land., J, Johnson, 1847. The Songs and Harp 
are mainly paraphrases of portions of Holy 
Scripture. A few have come into use as con- 
gregational hymns, as, " A voice comes from 
Ramah," "Acquaint thee, O mortal," "O 



ttOITSCH, CHRISTIAN J. 

sweet as vernal dews that tall" (Ft. emxiii,), 
and others. [J, J.J 

Kocfe, Eduard Emil, was b. Jan. 30, 
1809, at the Solitude, near Stuttgart. After 
the completion of his theological studies at 
Tubingen in 1830, be was for some time as- 
sistant clergyman at Ehningen, neaT Bob- 
lingen, and in 1887 became pastor at Gross- 
Aspach, near Marbadh, on toe Neckar. In 
1847 he was appointed third pastor, then 
second, and in 1853 chief pastor and deoan 
at Heilbronn. In 1864 he took an easier post 
as pastor at Erdmannhauseo, near Marbach, 
He d. while on a visit to Stuttgart, April 27, 
1871 (AUg. Deutsche Biog., xvi. 373-375). 

Koch claime notice here ne tbe author of the GcscKickU 
dcs JtirckenlUds und KircKengawngs der Cfiristliehtn, 
insbesendere <Ur devtscten evangelischen Xirehe. The 
1st ed. appeared at Stuttgart, 184T, in 3 vols,, and the 
second at Stuttgart, in 4 vols., 1663-63. Of tbe 3rd ed, 
he only lived to complete vols. 1-8, 1B86-1869, vol. 7 
being edited from bis use. by his son (recently Court 
chaplain to Priuce Alexander of Bulgaria), and pub, 
1S73 ? with an Stb volume by It. Lauxmann (founded 
on vol. lv. of 1853), IBIS, and finally a very incom- 
plete index In 187*. AIL the references in this Dic- 
tionary are to tbe third ed., unless the contrary is 
stated, and tlie following notlee refers exclusively to it. 
Regarded as tbe work of one man, and ae covering the 
whole flelrl of German Hymnody, it ia a wonderful 
achievement, and worthy of tbe highest admiration. It 
was a great advance on anything previously attempted, 
and as a comprehensive survey will not soon be super- 
seded. Regarded more in detail, it has two main sides, 
biographical and bibliographical. Ae a collection of 
biographies with hiatorical connections it possesses great 
merit. The biographies are for the most part full, 
careful, and interesting, and bave been taken as the 
basis of tbe biographical notices by the present writer, 
who baa pleasure in directing attention to them as con- 
taining especially much fuller details of tbe spiritual 
life of the authors than be hoe been able to give. As a 
collection of notee upon individual hymns, and notices 
of tbe works of tbe authors brought under review it is 
impossible to apeak by any means so highly. Had Koch 
been content to indicate in any way tbe information 
which he had hhnse]f gathered from the books he was 
able to consult, his work might not have appeared so 
complete, but would in reality have been much more 
valuable. As it is, the information given is very often 
confused and inexact, and what is much worse, it ie often 
when definite totally wrong, plainly showing that tbe 
writer hod never seen many of the books which he cites : 
so that no single statement (especially of tbe period 
1600-1750) can be taken without verification. The 
practical result to the preeent writer was that he waa 
compelled in 1SBS to make a visit to Germany for the 
purpose of consulting the hymnoloalcal collections In 
various of the principal libraries. All the references by 
page or number to the works of German authors nave 
been made either by himseir or by others at his request 
specially for this Dictionary. [J, MVJ 

KoitaolL, Christian Jacob, was b. Sept, 
13, 1671, at Meissen, where his father was a 
leathercntter. He entered the University of 
Leipzig in 1692, and then went as a student 
of theology to Halle, where, under the in- 
fluence of Fmncke and Breithaupt, he be- 
came one of tbe first " awakened " students. 
After he had finished his course, Franoke ap- 
pointed him, in 1696, as one of the Masters, 
and in 1700 as Inspector, of the Faedagogium 
at Halle. In 1705 be became Professor and 
Hector of the Gymnasium at Elbing, andd. at 
Elbing, Aug. 21, 1734. (Bode, p. 99 ; Allg. 
Deutsche Biog., ivi. 455, Ac.) To Freyling- 
hftusen's Oeistreiches O. B., 1704, and its 2nd 
ed., 1705, he contributed 8 (or 9) hymns ; and 
two others to his Neves geisireiches Cf. B., 
1714. Of these the following hare passed 
into English, viz. : — 

i. Su hist ja, Jeau, main* Freada. Chritiian War- 



KOLBE, FREDERICK W. 

fain, 1104, u above. No. 308, In a st, JV. ig " Tkoll, 
Jesu, art my Consolation," bj Miss Burttngham, in tbe 
Sritiih Strata, Match, ISM, p. 132, repeated in Beid'e 
Praite Bk., 187a. 

ii. Laaset una den Bnw pxeiaen. rftanftwfiiCnfl. 
Founded on Ps. Intl. 19, It. 1704, as above, No. 488, 
In 7 st. TV. as "Now unite to render praises," by W. 
Ohely, as No. 800 In the Moravian B. Bk., Vm (1B8S, 
No. 048). 

iii. Vain Ham, via wankest nad flsdoerat It noeh. 
Setf-Bantneiation. IMS, aa above. No. 719, in 8 Bt. 
TV. aa " Saviour, the truest, the best of all friends " 
(st. vi.), aa No. 420 in the Moravian B. Bk., 18B6. 

it, Uraprunff dea Lebeas, o ewigas light. Loee to 
Ckriit. A fine hymn on Christ as the Fountain of Lifs. 
1704, m above, No, 350, in 7 st. of S 1. ( and in the 
Berlin O. L. 8., ed. 186J, No. 836. The fr. in C. XI. Is 
" Fountain eternal of life and of light." A good *r., 
omitting st. iii., as No. 1100 Sn the SHfio!. of 1809 to the 
Moravian B. Bk., 1B01, In the 1810 and later eda, 
(1BB0, No. 831), a Ir. by J. Swartner of st, Iii. was in- 
corporated —this st. having appeared aa No. 1ST in the 
Moravia* B. Bk., 1801. Included, altered and abridged, 
Id Mercer's C. F. awl B. Bk., I860 and 1804, and the 
Iriih Ck. Byl., 18)3. Another tr. iu » everlasting 
source of life and light," by MiwBorthwick, in B.L.L., 
1962, p. 70 (1984, p. 241). £J, M.] 

Kolbe, Frederick William, was b. 
Nov. 8, 1821, at GUtersloh, Westphalia, and 
having been trained at the Mission College of 
the Rhenisdi Society at Barmen, was sent, in 
1844, as a missionary to the Cape of Good 
Hope. Then) he laboured in the district of 
Worcester till 1848, when lie proceeded to 
Damaraland and joined the first missionaries 
to tie Ovaherem. There he contributed 35 
hymns and school songs to the first Herero 
hymnal, printed at Cape Town, in 1849. Iu 
1853 he joined the London Missionary Society, 
and since then his sphere of work has again 
been in the Colony, first at George, ana for 
nearly 20 years at the Faarl. There he pre- 
pared an enlarged edition of the Dutch hymn- 
book of the London Missionary Society, add- 
ing 100 hymns written by himself (some 
original, but) most of them translations of 
well-known English and German hymns. 
Many of these translations by Mr. Koine are 
now in extensive use among the Church of 
England, Congregational, and Dutch Re- 
formed native congregations throughout South 
Africa. The Church of England Dutch Hym- 
nal, compiled by Rey. J. A. Hewitt in 1877, 
comprising 201 nymns, has 37 of Mr. Kolbe's 
translations and four of his original hymns, 
Mr. Kolbe has recently prepared a new Sup- 
plement to the Dutch Hymn-book of the London 
Society, referred to above, containing trans- 
lations of " Lead, kindly light," " Art thou 
weary," "Take my life," and other modern 
English hymns. [W. R. S.] 

Kolrosa, Johann (Khodanthraciue), 

is said to have been a pastor at Basel, and to 
have died there in 1558. In his Eneheridion, 
NfirnboTg, 1529 (later ed., 1534. It is a 
manual of orthography), he calls himself 
teacher of German (Teutich Lehermaytter) at 
Basel ; and so in his Scriptural play (E&R 
tchDn epil von FUnfferUy betrachtnueien den 
mewchen £«r Bun reyteende. It is on the 
motives of the Dance of Death at Basel), per- 
formed at Basel on the 1st S. after Easter, 
1532, and printed at Basel, 1532 (Goedeke's 
Grundriw, 1886, ii. 181, 337, 343, Ac.). The 
only hymn by him tr. into English is : — 

Xah dank dfcr lisber Mart*. Morning, let pnb. 
separately st Numbers', c, 183S, and thence in Woxker- 
nagel, ill. p. 08, ins st, of S 1. Included tn V. Schu* 



EOMM HEILIGER GEIST 631 

taann's G. B., Lelpiig, 1(39, the Berlin C. L. S., ed. 
1883, No. 1111, Jfcc. It has heen characterised ae con- 
taining " all the leading thoughts of tbe Reformation." 
Tbe trt. are from tbe greatly altered form ln.s St., be- 
ginning "Dm walten deine Wunden," given as No, 
1800 in JLppx. iii., c. 17*4, to the Berrnlmt G, B. 1735, 
and in the Srilder G. B., 1778, No. 1909, They are, (1) 
"Thy Wounds, Lord, be my Safeguard," aa No, 804 in 
pt. I. of the Moravian B. Bk., 1764. In the ed. of 
1940, 2 st. are repeated, st. v. beginning " Lord Christ I 
I give Thee praises," as No. 1008, and at. fv, beginning 
" Amidst this "world'e profansnese," as No. 010, 

To Eolross has also been ascribed (as in the 
Zurich G. B„ 1570) a version of Pt. acxvii., 
which 1st appeared in the Zwickau Enchir- 
idion, 1525, and begins " So (Wo) Gott zum 
Haus uicht giebt sein Gnnst." A rendering 
of Pi. cxxttii. is given under this first line in 
J. C. Jacobi's Feahnodia Gerntaniaa, 1722, 
p. 35 (1732, p. 60), but it is not from the Ger- 
mao, and is simply the !>.». version of this 
Psalm by Isaac Watts. A hymn also as- 
cribed to Eolross is noted under Kafdebnra;, J, 

[J. M.] 

Btamm heiliger deist, Herre Qott. 
X, Luther. [Whitsuntide.'] Waelcernaget, ii. 
p. 748, gives as No. 986 a double form of st i. 
from two uss. of the 1 5th cent, at Munioh ; as 
No. 987 a form from the Basel Phnarima, 
1514 ; and as No. 988 a form from the Ob- 
tequiale, Ingolstadt, 1570. This stanza is atr, 
ofan antiphon, not earlier than the 11th cent., 
which reads "Veni Sancte Spiritns; reple 
tuornm corda ftdelium, et tui amoris in eis 
ignem acoende : Qui per diversitatem lingua- 
rum cunctarum gentes in unitate fidei oongre- 
gasti. Alleluia. Allelnia" (see t)aniel,ii. p. 
315). Bawnker, i. pp, 643, 644, says the Latin 
antiplion is still sang in many dioceses in 
Germany on Sundays before High Mass, and 
cites the German as in the Cftrifsfteim Sekul- 
ordnung of 1480. Martin Lnther adopted this 
old German stanza with alterations, and add- 
ing two original stanzas, pub. the whole in 
Eyn Enchiridion, Erfurt, 1524. The complete 
form in 3 st. of 8 1., with "Alleluia," is in 
Waekernagel, iiLp. 14, in Schiroks's ed. of 
Luther's Gti»tl. Lieder, 1854, p. 28, and the 
Unv. L. 8., 1851, No, 174. The hymn soon 
became popular in Germany. Koch, viii. 87, 
says that in the Peasants' War it was sung by 
Miinzer and his forces immediately before the 
battle of Frankenliausen, May 25, 1525 ; that 
it was sung by Lconhard Kayser when at the 
stake at Passan, Aug. 16, 1527 ; and that st. 
ii. was the last pulpit utterance of J. M. 
Dillierr, in March, 1660. Tr. as :— 

1, Ooms Holy Ohoat '. Omm Lord oui Ood 1 In 
full by J. C. Jacobi, in his Psalmodia Germanics, 
1722, p. 25 (1732, p. 42> Included in the 
Moravian H. Bk., 1754, slightly altered, but in 
the 1789 and later eds. (1886, No. 239) greatly 
altered, probably by J. Swertner, The text of 
1789 is repeated in the Irish CAtireA Hyl, 1873. 
In 1846 W. J. Blew printed a recast for choir 
use, and included it in his Ch. H. fy Tune Bk., 
1852-55, with an added doiology. 

2, Boly Spirit, (i»iiHU lord. By Miss Fry, 
in her Hys. of the Reformation, 1845, p. 108, in 
40 lines. Her version of st. i., rewritten to 2 St. 
of 8 1., i» No. 152 in Whittemore'a Sttppl. to ait 
H. Bks„ 1860. 

3, Bleat Comforter J eonu j— Lord our Ood! In 
full by A.T. Russell, aa No. 17 in his Ps.& Hya., 
1851} repeated by Dr, Bacon in his Hys. of 



632 KOMMT, KINDER, LASBT 

Martin Luther, 1884, p. 27, altered to " Come, 
Holy Spirit, Lord our God, And pour." 

4. Don*, Holy (taost ! Lard God, Mill, A good 
and full tr. by R. Hassie, in his JUarfin ZuiAw's 
i%)tr. Songti 1854, p. IS. Repeated in Mercer's 
C. P, 4 B. Bh., 1857, unaltered save " full fill ** 
in it. i. 1. 1. (Ox. ed., 1864, No. 435, as 6 st. of 
4 L) ; and in the Ohio Lath. Byl., I860, reading 
"and fill." 

J. Oama, Hiily Spirit, God and Lord, In full by 
Miss Wink worth, in her Lyra Oer., 1st Ser., 
1855, p. 117 ; and her C. B. for England, 1863, 
No. 72. Repeated in Dr. Thomas's Jtug«s(t)w jff. 
.St., 1866, and the Pennsylvania Luth. Church 
Bk., 1868. 

B. Come, Hair Bjirit ! graaiaus Laid i Help us, 
By M..E. Tupper, as No, 57 in Judd's S. 8. H. 
Bk., Halifax, 1870. 

Other tin, are : — 

(l) "Oome, holy Spirits, most blessed Lorde," by Bp. 
Coverdale, 1539 (/fomainr, lB4fl, p. £42). (2) "Come 
holy holy Ghost, Lurd oar God," In Lyra Davi&ica, 
HOS.p. SI. (3)"ljati God, the Holy Spirit, tonw," by 
J. Awtertan, 1846, p. IT (181), p. 11). (4) "Came, 
Holy Gboat ! Dome, Lord our God ! Thy," by J. Jf«n(, 
1653, p. 49. (s) ''00016, Holy Qbosl ! inle Than with- 
in," by Br. B. MUli, IMS, p. 143. (6) "Come, Huly 
Oboet, owne, mighty Qod," by E. Maitie, 1897, p. SB*. 
(1) " Come, Holy Spirit, Lord sod God," by Di, Q. Wao- 
donatdln t be Sanday Mag ., 186?, p. 38B,andbls.E r j»fict, 
IMS, p. ST. [J, M,] 

Kommt, Kinder, lasst tins gehen. 

0. Tertteegen, [Christian. Pilgrimage."] 1st 
pub. in the 3rd ed., 1738, of his QeUtUches 
Bhtmeng&rtieln, Bk. iii. No. 62, in 19 st of 8 1., 
entitled "Hymn of Encouragement for Pil- 
grim*." Repeated in full in the Unv. L. S., 
1851, No. 322 ; and, abridged, in many other 
German collections. Illustrating this hymn, 
Lauxmann, in XocA, yiii. 661, says that 
Tersteegen 

" once said to some of bis frlenda, who visited b!m on 
bla birthday ; ' My friends, if I should die to-day I would 
only have three words to say to you as a last farewell: 

1. Place your whole confluence on the grace of God in 
Christ Jesus ( s. Love one nnother ; 3. Watch and 
pray ! ' This is the quintessence of this noble travelling 
■ong for Christian pilgrims and strangers here below 
(1 St. Peter 11. 11, 12), whose courae is a march through 
the Desert to Canaan. The whole life of Teretee^™ is 
proof of tbe genuineness end sincerity of the spirit that 
breathes throughout this hymn." 

Translations in C U. : — 

1, Coma, brothers, let u* onward. A tr. of st. 
1., ii., v., s. t xiv., ivii., iviii., by Mrs. Findlater, 
in B. L. L., 1st Ser., 1854, p. 51 (1884, p. 52). 
The irs. of st. i., ii., ivit,, xviii., were included 
in J. A. Johnston's English Bui. fed. 1861, No. 
192). 

g, Come, brethren, let us fo. A good tr. of st. 
i., ii., vi. ii,, xii., xiv.-xii., by Miss Winkworth, 
in her Lyra Oer., 1st Ser,, 1855, p. 161. A cento 
in 8 st. of 4 3., from the trs. of st. i., ii., ivi., 
xvii., is included in the Parish JT. Bk., 1883 and 
1875. Centos beginning with the tr. of St. ii., 
"Come, children, let us go," are in the Eng. 
Presb. Fs. # Has., 1867, aad the Cone. School 
Hyl, 1881. 

Other tr«. an, (1) " Come, children ! on ; this way," 
by Jh'at Warner, I8S8, p. W4. (I) "Come, children, 
let's be going," Id tbe Christian Examiner, Boston, 
U.S., Sept., 1SS0, p. ass. (a) "Come, brethren, let us 
harry," in L. Rehfueu'B Chunk at Sat, 1B68, p. 99. 

[J.M.] 

KovTOKtOV, [Owe*, Hymnedy, § X.H. 1 — 
xvi. 4.] 



KOflON TE KA1 KAMATOM 

"K.QTTOV Te xal KafMTOV. [%e*t in 
JeMM.] In the 1st ed. of Dr. Neale's Hys. of 
the Eastern Cliurck he gives this hymn as by 
" S. Stephen the Sabaite, A.D. 725— a.d. 794 " ; 
calls it " Idiomela in the Week of the First 
Oblique Tone," and adds, " These stanzas, 
which strike me as very sweet, Eire not iu all 
the editions of the Octoechvs. I copy from a 
dateless Coustantinopolitan book." In sub- 
sequent editions of the Hys. of the E. 
Church the words "I copy from a dateless 
Constantinopolitan book " were omitted. This 
omission has caused numerous fruitless 
searches for the text in the authorized edi- 
tions of the Octoechus. The Constantino- 
politan book referred to by Dr. Neale cannot 
be found amongst Dr. Neale's books, nor has a 
copy corresponding thereto been as yet dis- 
covered. 

The so-called translation of this Idiomela, 
"Art thou weary, art thou languid 7 "was 
accompanied in the 3rd ed., 1866, of Dr. 
Neale's Hys. of the E. Church, with a note in 
the Preface to tliis effect : — 

" The Hymns st page 208 [' O happy band of pil- 
grims 7 }, soft ['Safe home/ &c], and l Art thou weary/ 
contain so little that Is from tbe Greek, that they ought 
not to have been dncloded in this collection ; in any 
future Edition they shall appear as an Appendix." 

In accordance with this expressed wish of 
Dr. Neale'a these hymns were given as an 
Appendix to the 4th ed. of the Eys. of the E. 
Clmrch, 1882, edited by the Very Bev. 8. G. 
Hatherley. The most therefore that can be 
said of these three hymns is that they axe 
based upon the few words quoted by Dr. Neale 
which he found in his extensive reading of 
the Greek Sacred Poets, and that those words 
have yet to be traced to their original source. 

"Art thou weary, art thou languid," ap- 
peared in the 1st ed. of the Hys. of the E. 
Church, 1862, in 7 st. of 4 1. It was at once 
included in T. Darling's Hys. for the Oh. of 
England, J862; and the Parish H. Bfc.,1863; 
and subsequently in almost every hymn-book 
published in G. Britain and America. It has 
been set to a great number of tunes, those in 
B, A. & if. being Ghristus Caasotator by Dr. 
Dykes ; and Steplianoa by Sir H, W. Baker, 
harmonized by W. H. Monk. Sir A. Sullivan's 
tune in Church Hymns is entitled Best, In 
the Contemporary Bevietc for Dec. 1875, there 
is a rendering of *' Art thou weary," &c, into 
Latin by W. E. Gladstone. This, together 
with Dr. Neale's text and a short note, were 
given in the Ttm^of Dec. 2, 1875. The Latin 
begins, " Seis te Iasaum ? scis languentem ? " 

Another rendering by H. M. Maegill in his 
Songs of the Christian Creed <fc Life, 1876, is 
" Sisne lassus, aerumnosua." 

An expanded version of this hymn appeared 
in 1887 nudor the following circumstances: — 

" Several years ago," says Dr. Boyd of St. Andrews, 
N.B., " an anonymous correspondent sent me ' Art thou 
weary/in print with the added etanxos." Thinking that 
he had been favoured with Dr. Neale's original form of 
tbe hymn, and not having Dr. Neale's works at hand for 
correction, Dr. Boyd wrote a ahort notice of the bymn in 
this expanded form, and had It inserted In tbe May,18B7, 
number of Life and Work. A Scottith Magatine, sec, 
p. T3, as' A Regrettable Omtsatonina Favourite Hymn.' 
The added atanias are :— 

*' i B. Is this all He hath to give me 
In my life below I 
Joy unspeakable and glorious 
Tliou sbalt know. 



KOSEGABTEN, LTJDWIG G. 

"■«. All thy sins shall be lorgiyen— 
All things work f«r good : 
Tbon abalt Bread of Life from Heaven 
Have for food. 

" ' 7, From the fountains of Salvation 
Thou shalt Water draw : 
Sweet shall be thy meditation. 
In God's Law, 

•"8. Festal Balme, and Crowns of Glory, 
Botes In Blood wssh'd white, 
God to Christ His People's Temple- 
There no night.' " 

The hymn as thus expanded into 11 st has 
been printed as a leaflet, with the heading 
"Complete Version of Hymn 163" [in the 
Beottith Eprnial, 1884]. That these addi- 
tional stanzas are neither by Dr. Neale nor 
from a Greek hymn, is evident to any one 
acquainted with Dr. Neale's works and with 
the Service Books of the Greek Church. 

In King's Anglican Mymnology, 1885, p. 
191, there is a most striking account of Mr. 
King's visit to the Monastery at Mar Saba, 
where St. Stephen resided and wrote. It ia 
one of the redeeming features of that most 
unsatisfactory and unreliable work, [J, J.] 

Kouegarten, Ludwig Gotthard, was 

b. Feb. 1. 1758, at Grevismuhlen, Mecklen- 
burg, and studied at the University of Eos- 
took-Biitzow (ph. d. 1785, dj>. 1792). After 
being for same time Hector of the school at 
Wolgast, near Greifswald, he became, in 
1792, pastor at Altenkirohen, on the island of 
Rtigen. This post he held till the 21st 8. 
after Trinity, 1815 (officiating during vaca- 
tions), though he bad in 1808 been also ap- 
pointed Professor of History at Greifswald. 
In 1617 he became third Professor of Theology 
and pastor of St. James's Church at Greifs- 
wald, end d. there Oct 26, 1818. His JHch- 
tungen appeared at Greifswald, 1812-18, in 8 
vols., and 1824-27 in 12 vols. Four additional 
hymns are given at the end of his Aiademwehe 
Seden, ed. t>y G. C. F. Mohnike, and pub. at 
Stralsund, 1832. Ono is tr., viz. : — 

Jerusalem, <tu hoobfebaute Btadt, Eternal Life. 
1853, as above, p. Wt , in & st. of 8 1., entitled " Home- 
sickness." He wrote this, his last poem, with a fore- 
boding of his approaching death, and netted It In the 
Introduction to his last sermon on the ftth S. after 
Trinity 1MB (July III. It Is * beautiful poem, founded 
ou the better-ltnown hymn by Meyfart (fl.v.), and on 
the I^tln hymn " Urbe beata Hlenrolem, q..v. Abp. 
Trench In Ms Sae. hut. Poetry, 1854, p. 312, quotes 11.- 
tv. with approbation, Tr. as : — 

Jerusalem, tnou eity built en high, Would tied I 
wen in fbee. A full and good tr. by J. M. Neale In 
bis But. ckicfly Mediaeval on tkt Joyi and Gloria of 
Parodist, 1SS5, p. 9J. Repeated In the St. Marge-reft 
Bfi. (East Grlnstead), 1B1B. [J. M.] 

KrauBO, Jonathan, s, of Christian Wil- 
helm Krause, Master of the Clothworkers and 
Sexton at Hireehberg, in Silesia, was b. at 
Hirschbprg, April 5, 1701. Entering the 
University of Leipzig in 1718, he went in 
1723 to Wittenberg, where he graduated m.a. 
He wan then for some time travelling tutor to 
a young Baron von Birken, and 1727-32 a 
tutor in the family of Baron von Nostttx, at 
PolgBen, neat Wohlau. On Aug, 20, 1732, he 
was ordained as Diaconua of Probsthayn, near 
Liegoitz, and in 1739 became chief pastor of 
the Church of St. Peter and St Paul at 
Iaegnitz. In 1741 he was also appointed 
Superintendent and Assessor of the Consistory. 



KRUMMACHEB, FEIEDBICH A. 633 

He d. at Liegnitz, Bee 13, 1762 (S. J. Ehr* 
bardt'a Fretbf/terologie Sehletimt, 1780-89, iv. 
p. 280, 4c). He edited the Iiegniti G. B. of 
1745. Hia hymns appeared in hia 

(1) Bit tarn Lobe Gotta erSffnete Lippai tier <JWw- 
bigtn, &c„ Hamburg, 1191, and fs) Stuck tout Wahr- 
keit Gotta in Chritto Jttu, in KaUgai Litiem fiber 
title 9tmnr tmd Fat- Jugt Samgtlien Had Spittttn, 
LelpilgaudLauban, 1TW, [Berlui Hoyal Library.] 

The only hymn by Krause tr, into English is 



AUelnja 1 MhBner Mensa, Sunday Morning. This 
hymn, a great favourite In Southern Germany, let ap- 
pesred 1)3) as above, p. 4S1, In 9 st. of 6 1., entitled 
"Morning-Hymn on Sunday," fiepeated thus in the 
Llegnlti G. B., IMS, No. 1 ; but In recent Mdle., as the 
WOrttemberg a. B., 1S4S, and the Vm. L. fl„ iui, No. 
481, ft begins "Hallelujah I " Sometimes erroneously 
ascribed to B. Schmolck, ft*, as : — 

Hallelujah.! Fairest mornina;« Agood tr., omitting 
st. v., t|[„ vill., by Hiss Borthwlck, in E. L. L., 3rd 
Ser., 1869, p. 38 (1884, p. 1M). Included in full in the 
Affix, of 1B69 to the S, P. C. K. Pi. * flyi.; In Bolt, 
Song, lUi, and others. In toe S. P. G. K. Church 
fljM., 18)1, tbe in. of st. IIL, Iv. are omitted, and the 
rest slightly altered; and this form Is followed InLtnide* 
Omitn, N. Y., 1884. In Q. 8, JeUlooe's CM., Utt, It 
bfglnB" Alleluia." 

OUwtra, a»,U) " Hallehrjah E beauteous morning," 
by Mitt JfaniKgton, 1BS3, (3) " Hallelujali J day of 
gladness," by B, Hassle, In the Day of Sett, lSJs, n.3», 

[J. M.] 

Krewaiger, Eliaabethe. [dnulg-er,] 

Krishnu Pal, the first Hindoo who was 
baptized in Bengal, waa b. about 1764, and 
baptized at Serampore by the celebrated Bap- 
tist missionary, William Carey, on Dec. 28, 
1800. He became a useful Christian minister, 
and wrote several hymns in tbe Bengali 
language. One of these was tr. into English 
by Dr. Marshman in 1801 as "O tbou, my 
soul, forget no more " (Christ the Friend). It 
was included in the 27th ed. of Bippon's Bap. 
Sd., 1827, No. 170, Pt. 2, in C st of 4 1., in 
Bickersteth's Chrittian Psalmadt), 1838, in S 
at., and again in later collections, includ- 
ing the BaptUt Eymnal, 1879, and others. 
Knshnu d. at Serampore, Aug, 22, IS22, 

[W.E.S.] 

Krummacher, Friedrioh Adolf, was a 

native of Tecklenbnrg, Westphalia, where hia 
father, Friedrich Jacob Krumiriaclier was 
Burgomaster and Hofflscai He was baptized 
there, July 22, 1767, and apparently born 
July 13, 1767. In 1786 he entered the Uni- 
versity of Lingeri (since 1819 ranked as a 
Gymnasium), and in 1787 that of Halle. After 
concluding his theological studies in 1789, he 
was for some time tutor in the family of Senator 
Meyer in Bremen; was then appointed, in 
1790, Conrector of tbe Gymnasium at Hamm, 
and in 1793 Hector of the Gymnasium at Mors 
(MenreXnearDusseldorf. In the end of 1800 
he became Professor of Theology and Elo- 
quence at the Reformed University of Duis- 
burg. When, after the battle of Jena (Oct. 
14, 1S06), Duisburg was taken from Prussia, 
the salaries of the professors ceased, but 
Krumrnacher lectured on till hia audience con- 
sisted of one student. He was then, in tbe 
autumn of 1807, appointed pastor of Kettwlg, 
on the Kuhr; in 1812 Chief Court Preacher 
and General Superintendent at Bern burg; 
and Anally, in 1824, he became chief pastor of 
the St Ansgarius Church at Bremen. By 



$34 KrVUMMACHEB., FBIEDRICH A. 

reason of growing infirmities he resigoed his 
charge iu June, 18i3, and d. at Bremen, April 
4, 1845 (O. Kraut, 1879, p. 310 ; Bl&iterfiir 
Hymnologie, 1886, p, 80, &c). 

Krummaeher Is best known is a preacher ; and te the 
anthor of the well-known Parabetn, first pub. lsus, 
-which passed through many eds., and ranks as the 
standard German work of its class. His hymns are 
little suited for church use. being often allegorical and 
high-flown, and not for tbe most part sufficiently simple 
and direct, though In eome cases be does write in a 
popular , natural style, and with a beauty of his own. 
His hymns mostly appeared la his tts tbSchlein, a work 
consisting of allegorical narratives, conversations, &C-, 
with interspersed hymns. Of this the 1st part, entitled 
Der Somttag, was pnb. 1608 (znded. 1810 ; srded. 1813; 
4th ed. lBlsji pt. il., entitled Das Ckristfest, in 1810 
(and ed. 1314; 3rd ed. leal); andpt, ill, entitled Dot 
2fea}akTt/tit, in 1818. 

Those of Krummacher*s hymns tr. into 
English are : — 

t AlLjemuh aus DKmmerune; und tfaeht. Ad' 
vent. In his FestbSchlein, pt. ii., 1810 (1814, p. 
154), in 5 st. of 4 1,, entitled " The Prophets of 
Nature " ; and given after the conversation on 
Zncharius, the father, of St. John the Baptist. 
Included as No. 34 in J. P. Lange's Deutschss 
Kirchenliederbttch, Zurich, 1843. The unity of 
idea is violated by the concluding lines of it, v. 
"Wiedielelsen Llspel den Propheten 
Elnst auf Horeb's Felsenepitz utnwehten." 
And thna in his preface, p. viL, Ihr. Lange sug- 
gests that st. v, should read thus r — 
" Allgemach und Bieffreich fort und fort 
Briubt durch unser fleiscb das ew'ge JVort ; 
Die Frusheten gram et dureh OauAte, 
Dunn mrd't JfensGh und Kimmlttcht Gesehichte." 

Tr. as ; — 

Slowly, slowly from the eaTes of 1 night. A full 
and good tr. from lange by Dr. Kennedy, as No. 
42 in his Hymno. Christ, 1863. 

It, Sine Haerde und ein HUrt, Missions. 1st 
pub. in the 3rd. ed., 1821, of pt, ii, of his Fest- 
hiichlein, p. 163, in € st. of 6 1., at the close of 
the section on "Israel and the Strangers. 1 ' la 
the Berlin G. L. &, ed. 1863, No. 1365, and 
many other recent collections. The trs. are :■ — 

1, One, only One, shall he the fold. By Miss 
Dunn, in her Hys. from the German, 1857, p. 49. 

3. One Shepherd and one fold to be. In Cantica 
Sanctorum, 1880, No. 96. 

ill. Sa, furwalur! uni ftthrt xnit sanftar Hand. 
Fs. xxiii. In his FestbBcktein, pt. i, (3rd ed. 1813, 
p. 118), in 5 st. of 4 1., with Hallelujahs. It is 
given in the story of the festal rededication of 
n village chnrch destroyed in time of war, as a 
choral hymn sung by boys and girls after the 
Holy Communion. In the Wiirttemberg G. B., 
1842, No. 72. Tr. as:— 

1. Tos 1 our Shepherd leads with gentle hand, 
Through. A good and full tr. by Miss Borth- 
wick, in H. L. L., 1st Ser., 1854, p. 59 (1884, 
p. 60), repeated in Kennedy, 1863; Mrs. Brock's 
Children's H. Bk., 1881 ; the Christian H. Bk., 
Cincinnati, 1865, and others. 

S. Tea! our Shepherd leads, with gentle hand, 
Along. In full by M. W. Stryker, as No. 164 in 
his Christian Chorals, 1885. 

iv. Was; aseh die lioho welnen. Zone, Fhith 
and Hope. Fesihachlem, pt. i,, 1808, p. 136, 
in 3 st. of 4 1., in the section entitled " The 
Setting Sun," for Sunday evening. It is ap- 
pended to a story in which the father has 
been speaking of the Resurrection of Christ the 
Sun of Righteousness, as celebrated on that day, 
the hymn being introduced as sung by the 



RtJSTEB, SAMUEL 0. Ct. 

family and neighbours, as he ceased to speak. 
Included in the Wiirttemberg Q. B,, 1842, No, 
628, It is most suited to be snng at a choral 
funeral. Koch, 2nd ed., iv. p. 695, says it was 
sung at the author's funeral at Bremen, April 10, 
1345, and that st. iii. is on the cross over his 
grave. He adds that st, i, iii. were sung July 
17, 1850, at the funeral of Dr. August Neander, 
the church historian in Berlin ; -followed by an 
address by Krummacher'a son, Friedrich wil- 
helm (author of the well-known Elijah, Etisha, 
and other works). Tr. as : — 

Though Love nay weep with breaking heart, A 
good and full tr. by Miss Winkworth in her 
Lyra Ger., 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 121. Bepeated in 
Fiett's Coll., Paisley, 1871, and in H. L. Hast- 
ings's Songs of Pilgrimage, 1887. 

Other trs. an, (1) "Let love weep,— It Cometh," by 
Miss Warner, 1838, p. 984, (2) "Yea, Love may 
weep when death prevails," by Dr. O. WiMtr, I860, 
p. 67. 

A number of other pieces by Kruminacher 
are tr. in the Sacred Lyric* from (fce German, 
Philadelphia, 1859 ; by C. T. Brooka, 1847 ; 
by Mrs. Foilen, 1851 j and by Mies Fry, 1859. 
As they are poems rather than hymns they 
are not noted here. [J. M.] 

Kunth, Johann Sigismund, was b. Oct 

3, 1700, at Liegnitz, Silesia, and studied 
theology at the Universities of Jena, Witten- 
berg, and Leipzig. Be was in 1730 appointed 
pastor at Pokig and Bwickan, near Bonne- 
burg, by Count Henkel von Donnersmark, 
In 1737 he became chief pastor at Lowen, 
Silesia, and in 1713 pastor and superin- 
tendent at Baruth, near Juterbog, Branden- 
burg. He d. at Baruth, Sept. 7, 1779 (8. J. 
Ehrbardt's Fretbyterohgie Schheiem, 1780-S9, 
ii. p. 187, &c). The only hymn by him tr. 
into English is 

Ss iat nooh eine Ituh TOihanden, Vernal Lift. 
This fine bymn (founded on Heb. iv. S; St. Matt. xi. 
2s, 29 ; Job. viL l-3j Ps. ci*vi. 6, «, and Bev, vil. 
IS, If) appears In ttieMnigeffeittreichiLieder. Cothen, 
1)33, No. M, In 7 st. of 7 I. In the Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 

1B63, No. 1615. 

According lo Eicbter {Biog. £exijbm,ls04, p. lsl)it 
was written by Kunth while on a Journey from Witten- 
berg to Sileeiaj.l.e. c ITMj and this sgrees with tbe 
statement of Fischer (8u&Aemait. lase, pt, I. p. 48) 
that It appeared In tbe Aeu eingerichietes gcistriielm 
a. B., Ltlpiig, 1T30. AV«A, Snd ed., vol. Iv. p. T12, 
says it was written In 1731 or 1732, while Kunth was 
journeying -with his patron, Count Krdmann Heimich 
von Henkei, who wph on his way to take possession ol 
some property In Silesia. On the way the carriage 
broke down, and this delay gave the Count occasion to 
murmur at the ceaseless unrest of this life. Kunth, re- 
minding him of the believer's everlasting rest, stepped 
sside * moment, and then returned with this hymn. 
A'ocA Adds that It comforted the dying hours of Helnrich 
MSwcs (c.v.), being read to him by his wife iu his last 
moments on earth. 

Tbe translations an :— ■ 

(1) "Yes, there remained! yet a rest," byifiJ* HVnfc- 
VMrth, leas, p. ibs. (z) "There Id a day of rest before 
thee," by Mrs. Sevan, 18B8, p. 3, (3) " Yes, still for us 
a rest remeineth," by Miss Borthwick, contributed to 
H. 15. Goldscbmlut's Oeiwon Poetrg, 18BB, p. 431. 

[J. M,] 

Kiister, Samuel Christian Gottfried, 

s. of 8. O.K. Kiister, inspector and chief pastor 
at Havelberg, Brandenburg, was b. at Havel- 
berg, Aug. 18, 1762. After studying at the 
University of Berlin (d.b. 1835) he became 
third pastor of the Friedrich-Werder Church 
at Berlin, in 1786 ; in 1793 second pastor ; 
and in 1797 chief pastor and superintendent 



KYNASTON, HERBEBT 

on the death of his father (who had been 
called to this church in 1771). He d. at 
Eberswalde (Neustadt- B.>, near Berlin, Aug, 
22, 1838 (Attg. Deutsche Biog., xvi. 439, 4c): 

He was one of the editors of the Berlin G. B„ 182». 
and contributed to it two hymns, No*. 294 ami Sie i and 
tn 1831 pab. s small volume of Kwrte Icb&ttoetchicSt' 
lieKt WaehrichUn regarding tbe authors of the hymns 
therein contained. 

One of Kiister's hymns has passed into 
English, viz. : — 

D Jem, Round der Beelen- Love to Christ. 1839, 
ag above, No. MS, In 6 st. of 8 1. Suggested by the 
"SchatzubeT slleSchat»" [see LUooviusJ. IV.as:— - 

© Jesus, friend unfailing. A good and full tr. by 
Mis* BaxUnghMn, written June 1$, 1888, and 1st pub. 
IntheBritWiEeraia, July, 186s, p. 100. Bepeated In 
full in Field's Frtott Bk., 1372; IV. F. KtsvenBon's B. 
fir Ch. £ Home, 1BJ3 j Erie's EngliA S. Bk., 18T6, 
<nd others; and abridged In Newman Hall's Chritt 
ChUKh B]fi., IBM; Baptist &yl., 1819; Sttpt*. of 18B0 
to Bapt. Ft. A Byt., 1868, tt [J, M.] 

Kynaston, Herbert, d.tj., was b. Nor. 23, 
1809, and educated at Westminster School, 
and Christ Church, Oxford (of which he was 
sometime Student), where he graduated in 
1831 (1st class Lit. Hum.). Taking Holy 
Orders in 1834, be became Head Master of 
St. Paul's School, London, in 1838 ; Select 
Preacher of the University of Oxford, 1812-13 ; 
Rector of St. Nicholas-Cole-Abbey, with St. 
Nicholas Olave, 1850-66 ; and Prebendary of 
Holborn in St Paul's Cathedral, 1853. He 
d, Oct. 1S78. His Miscellaneous Poems were 
pub. in 1810, and his hymns as follows :— 

(1) Occasional Hymns (original and translated), 1892. 
(1) Occational Hymns, 2nd series, pt. 1., 1B86. (3) 
Occasional Bgmnt, 2nd series, pt. ii., chiefly on the 
Miracles, IBM. 

These hymns and translations, which are of 
more than usual merit, have been either 
strangely overlooked or are unknown to most 
modern editors. A few were included in the 
Humnary, 1872. Dr. Kynaston also con- 
tributed to the Guardian from time to time 
several renderings into Lutin of his own 
hymns, and of hymns by others, but these 
have not been republished. [J. J.] 

Eyrie eleiecm. M. Luther. [The Litany.'] 
This setting of the Litany was composed in 
the beginning of 1529, and first pub. in Klne/s 
ft B., Wittenberg, 1529, and thence in the 
Biga ft B., 1530, and the Eostock ft B., 1531. 
It is No. 959 in the Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1863. 
Tr. as :— (1) "Good Lord I us deliver," by J. 
Anderson, 1816, p. 62. In his ed., 1817, re- 
written, beginning;, " Lord save I and keep us 
free." (2) " Have mercy on us, Lord, we 
pray," by Dr. J. Hunt, 1853, p. 90. (3) " Lord, 
have mercy," by B. Xasste, 1851, p. 61. 

[J. M.] 

Kyrie! Gott Vater in Ewigkeit, 
[PuWi'o Worship^] A recast of the Eyrie 
summum ("Kyrie fons bonitatis"), sung in 
medieval times on Festivals from Trinity to 
Christmas, and found in a 12th cent. MS. in the 
B. Museum (Keg. 2 B. iv. f. 126.) It was 
printed apparently at Wittenberg, in 1541, 
and thence in Wackernagel, iii. p. 220, in 3 at, 
of unequal length ; repeated, in the Pirn. L. 8., 
1851, No. 176. Two "Kyries" by Johann 
Spangenberg, somewhat resembling this, are 
given by Wackemagel, iii. p. 928. Tr. as : — 
" O Lord God the Father for evermore." A 
good and full version by A. T. Kuasell, as 
Ho. 11 in his Ps. & Hys., 1851, [J, M.] 



LABENTE JAM SOLI6 



635 



It., in Bristol Bap. Coll. of Ash & Evans, 
1769, i.e. Leach. 

L„ in the People's Hymnal, 1807, Le. B. F. 
Littledale, q. v. 

L. H, C, in Ash 4 Evans as above, i.e. 
Lady Huntingdon's Collection, 

L. Ii., in Ash & Evans, as above, i-e. 

Liverpool Liturgy, 1763. [See Unitarian Hym- 
nody, 7.] 

La Trobe, Benjamin, was b. in Dub- 
lin, April 19, 1725, and educated at the Uni- 
versity of Glasgow. He entered the Ministry 
of the Moravians, and subsequently became 
superintendent of that body in England, He 
d. Nov. 29, 1786. Several of Mb trs. of Ger- 
man hymns appeared in the Moravian H. Bk., 
1789. [G, A. C] 

La Trobe, Christian Ignatius, eldest 
s. of the above Benjamin La Trobe, was b. at 
the Moravian Settlement, Fulneck, Leeds, 
Yorkshire, Feb. 12, 1758, and educated in Eng- 
land and at the Brethren's College, Niesky, 
Silesia. Taking orders in the Moravian 
Church, he became in 1781 Secretary to their 
Society for the Furtherance of the Gospel, 
and in 1795 Secretary to the Unity of the 
Brethren in England. He d. at Fairfield, 
neat Liverpool, May 6, 1836. Ho is best 
known through his Selection of Sacred Music, 
in six volumes, which appeared in 1806-25. 
His hymnological contributions consist of a few 
translations from tlie German. [G. A. C] 

La. Trobe, John Antes, m.a., grandson 
of B. La Trobe, and s. of C. I. La Trobe, wns 
b. in London in 1795, and educated at St. 
Edmund Hall, Oxford, graduating b.a. 1826, 
and it. a. 1829. Having taken Holy Orders in 
the Church of England, he was appointed 
Incumbent of St. Thomas, Kendal, in 1816, 
and retained the same to 1865, In 1858 lie 
was nominated Hon, Canon of Carlisle Cathe- 
dral. He d. in 1879. His musical works in- 
clude The Music of (he Church, 1831, and hi* 
poetical, Sacred Lays and Lyrics, 1850. He 
also published a 

Selection of HjflAnt, including Vertiont of Ptalmt, 
arranged under Subjects, to at to form A Small Body 
qf Divinity, and suited for Pricate, Social, andJPttblic 
Worship. Lond., Seeleys, 1841. 

This selection contains many of his owm 
bymns. In 1852 a 2nd ed. was pub. with 
authors' names. " How strange is heavenly 
love " {The love of God), " O bring to Jehovah 
[the Lord] your tribute of praise " (Ps. i.), are 
two of the very few of his hymns in C. U. 

[G. A. C] 

Labente jam soils rotiL C. Coffin, 
[Afternoon, Sunday.] Appeared in his Hymni 
Sacri, 1736, p. 93, as " Pirono volutus impetu," 
aud again in the Parts Breviary the same 
year, as " Labente jam solis rota." It is also 
in J. Chandler's Hys. of tie Primitive Church, 
1837, No. 8, and in Card. Newman's Hymni 
Ecclesiae, 1838 and 1865. IV. as:— 

1. Now the day's dwKning- wheeL By I. Wil- 
liams, in the British Magazine, Jan. 1834 } and 



636 LABrrABONDTjB EXULTET 

again in his Hys. !*■■ from '** Parisian Breviary, 
1839, p. 9| >■> 14 irregular lines. Rearranged 
as a hymn in 3 at. of 4 1., in 4 of bit,, it was 
given in the English Hymnal, 1852, No. 10, and 
repeated in 1856 and 1861. 

I. A* now the nt'i doaUalng rave. By J. 
Chandler, in his Hys. of the Prim. Church, 1837, 
p. 7. It was Boon incorporated in several hymn- 
books ai an afternoon hymn, and gradually grew 
in favour until few modem hymn-books of the 
first rank are found without it. Usually the 
text is given without alteration as in the Peo- 
ple's H., 1867. The teit of H. A. £ M., 1861 
and 187S, is Chandler altered by the Compilers, 
♦he changes being in at, i. and the doiology. 
This text is repeated in Thring's Coll., 1882, and 
others. In Kennedy, 1863, Chandler's tr. is re- 
vised by the Editor. 

t. Aa now the sun's dapartiiis; rayi. By. R. C: 
Singleton, written in 1870, and given in his 
Anglican H. Bk., 2nd ed„ 1871. 

XraaalattoiB* nut in C. V. : — 

1. And now the sinking orb of day. J. Chandler, 
ljc. TOrtkMi In his Hymnt, fcc, 1S41. 

a. Again the dawn givea warning meet. G. Eorisen, 
In his Sat. A Anthems, 18B1, based on W. Palmer's tr. 
In hla Snort Poems <e Syi., Oxford, 184s, 

3. The day to night Is calling. W. J. Blew, l85i-56. 

4. The sun hath downward turned hla way. J. D. 
Chamberi, 1861. 

K. Now with rapid wheel Inclining. B. T. itorgan, 
given in hia Byi. and Other Poetry ef the Latin Ch., 
1880, under Coffin's original fliat line. [J. J.] 

Laetabundus exnltet fidelis chorus : 
Alleluia. Begem Npun. 8t. Bernard of 
Clairvaux. [OfcrtsfntasJ The earliest form 
known of this Sequence is in a Gradual appa- 
rently written in England during the 12th cent. 
and now In the British Museum (Reg. 2 B. iv. 
f. 177), and another MS. in the B. M. containing 
a collection of Seguenoes, apparently written c. 
1199 (Calig. A. xiv. f. 50 6). It is in the St. 
Gall us., No. 338, at p. 334, in a hand of the 
18th cent AmongjEftasafcitiBfoundinanearly 
14th cent. Pari*, and a 14th cent. Sean in the 
British Museum; in a Santm, o. 1370; a 
Hereford, o. 1370 : and a York, o. 1390, all 
now in the Bodleian ; in the St. Andrews, the 
Magdeburg of 1480, and many French and Ger- 
man Missals. It was also need as a hymn in 
the Saruin Breviary, e,g. in a MS. of the 14th 
cent, in the British Museum (Keg;. 2 A. xiv. f. 
187 6). The printed text is also in Daniel, ii. 
p. 61 ; Kehrein, No. 1 3, and others. 

Of this poem Dr. Neale says " This Sequence or Hymn 
la of ran perfection in Its kind, and perhaps as widely 
known as any hymn of the ChuicU " (Mel. Hyt. 1S51, 
p. 49). Aa will be aeen by the note above, its ose was 
specially general in England and in France. In the 
Sarun Jfjt«t£itwas used as the Ssquonce on the Fourth 
Bay in the octave of the Assumption of the B. V. M. ; 
and in the &iruni Breviary as a hymn at the second 
Vespers of the Purification, and also of Ihe Assumption 
of the B, V, M, In the Hertford Miital It is appointed 
for use within the octave of the Epiphany \ and in the 
Fork Mitsal In the Mass at Daybreak on ChTl&tznasday. 

[J. M.] 

Translations in CO. : — 

1. full of gladness, Let our faithful chair, &e. By 
J. M. Neale, in the Hymnal N., 1854, in 6 st. 

1, With hallowed mirth, sing all ye faithful 
ehein on earth. By J. D. Chambers, in his Lmtda 
Syon, Ft. ii., 1866, p. 65. This was repeated 
with alight variations in the People's H., 1867. 

a. Hone, ye faithful ohoira on sartt. This ren- 
dering in the Mymnary, 1872, is based upon the 
Hymnal N., as above. 



LAMPE, PBIEDBICH ADOLF 

4. tat&taX ohsrua, Lend exult, fee. In ths 
Hymntr, 1SS2, is based upon the Hymnal if., as 
above. 

Translation* net la 0. V. ; — 

1. Be the tiding*. J. M. Neale, In let ed. of bis 
JfeduetuI Jtyt. 1861 ; but afterwards omitted. 
1. Full of joy, in aweet accord. I. IP. Bewett. 185». 

3. With holy gladness full, /. W. Beaett. ISM, A 
second translation. 

4, How by Thy faithful choirs, C, B. Pearson. In 
the Sttnm Miaal in Englith, US8, and his Sequence* 
/rom.tKtSaTUMJHaal,MI. [J. J.] 

Lamb of God for sinners slain, By 
Thy mercy born again, Bp. J. B. Wood- 
ford. [Holy Baptism.'] Pub. in his Hymns, 
Ac, 1852, No. 55, in 4 st. of 4 1., and repeated 
In the Parish H. Bk^ 1863 and 1875; the 
Sarttm, 1868 ; the 1863 Appendix to the S. P. 
C. K. Ps. <£ Hys., No. 2wl, and others. In 
Skinner's Daily Service Hymnal, 1864, it is 
adapted for Holy Baptism, and for Confirma- 
tion, aud in each case Skinner has attributed 
it to C. Wesley in error. The Sarum is also 
in error in giving the date of its composition 
aa 1860. [J. J.] 

Lamb of God for sinners slain, To 
Thee I feebly pray, C. Wesley. [Look- 
ing unto Jetus.] Appeared in Hys. & Sac. 
Poems, 1742, p. 49, in 6 st. of 8 1. (P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. ii. p. 08). In 1776, st. i.-iii, 
and vi. were included in Toplady's Ps. & 
Bys., No. 279, and thus came into use in the 
Church of England. J. Wesley's cento for 
the Wet. H. Bk., 1780, No. 161, was composed 
of st. i., iii., t., vi. This is retained in the 
ed. of 1875, and is in extensive use. [J. J.] 

Lamb of God, that in the bosom. 

[Advent.'] This cento appeared in Bayley'a 
Manchester Ps. & Hys., 1789, No. 4, and again 
in others, including Stowell's Manchester Ps. 
& Bys., 1831, p. 95, in 8 st. of i I., at. i., iii., 
v., vil. being the " Air," and the alternate 
stanzas the " Chorus." Stanzas iii. and iv. 
are from C. Wesley's " Love divine, ali loves 
excelling," q.v., and the rest are anonymous. 
This oento is in the 1877 ed. of Stowell's Ps. 
& Hys^ and several other collectious. In 
Chope's Hymnal, 1864, No. 192, at i. is the 
opening stanza of this cento, and the remain- 
ing 4 stanzas are from C Wesley's " Love 
divine, all loves excelling," [J. J.] 

Lamb of God, Whose bleeding love. 

C. Wesley. [Holy Communion.] This is No. 
W of the Wesley Hys. on the Lord's Supper, 
1745, in 4 st, of 8 1. (P. Works, 1868-72, vol 
iii. p. 228). It was given in the older hymn- 
hooka of the Chnrch of England as Madan'a 
Ps. * Hys., 1760 ; Toplady's Ps. d> Hys., 1776, 
and othera, and also in some Nonconformist 
collections, but was not included in the Wes, 
H. Bk. until the Supplement of 1330. An 
altered version of this hymn, beginning, " Lamb 
of God, Whose dying love," appeared in Hall's 
Mitre H. Bk., 1836, No. 269, in 2 at. of 8 1. 
That arrangement was by E. Osier, and was 
repeated, with slight changes, in his Churdi <6 
King, March, 1837. Another form of the 
hymn is, " .Blesf Lamb of God, whose dying 
love." It is found in the Bugby School H. Bk., 
1850 ; Kennedy, 1863, and others. [J. J.] 

Lamps, Friedrich Adolf, d.s., a. of 
Heinrioh Lampe, pastor of the Befbrmed 



LANGBEOKEB, EMANUEL 0. G. 

church at Detmold, wu b. at Detmold, ap- 
parently Feb. 18, and was certainly baptized 
there Feb. 19, 1683. He remained at Det- 
mold till the death of his grandfather (Gene- 
ral-Superintendent Zeller) in 1691, and then 
joined his widowed moiher at Bremen. _ He 
entered the Lyceum (Academic Gymnasium) 
at Bremen, in 1698 ; and in 1702 went to the 
University of Franeker in Holland. After a 
short residence at the University of Utrecht 
he became, in 1703, pastor of the Beformed 
church at "Weeze, near Cleve; in 1706 at 
Doiaburg ; and in 1709 second pastor of St. 
Stephen a Chnrch in Bremen, where in 1719 
he became pastor primarius. In 1720 he was 
appointed German preacher and professor of 
dogmatics at the University of Utrecht (the 
degree of v.d. being also conferred on him) ; 
and in 1726 professor of Church History and 
Rector of the University. After a severe 
illness in the winter of 1726-27 he resigned 
in June, 1727, and returned to Bremen as 
third pastor of St. Ansgars Oliuroh and pro- 
fessor at the Lyceum. He d. at Bremen, 
Dec 8, 1729. (Allg. Deutsche Biog., xvii. 
579 ; F. A. Lampe Bern Leben unci Mine Theo- 
logie. By Dr. Otto Thelemaun, 1868, fcs) 

Luupe wu the moat important the ologien that had 
appeared in the Qeitnwi Befomwd Church since the 
Reformation iperiod. He wu the great exponent of the 
Federal or Covenant theology in his GtKeimnitr da 
Gnadtnbunda r 1712 ff, \ the Author of a well-known 
commentary on St. John's Gospel, 1734-26; of vari- 
ous catechetical works, Ac. A* a hymn-writer Lampe 
is not so Important ; but ret ranks u one of the beat 
writers In the Reformed Church. His hymns arc Scrip- 
tural, and characterised by glowing piety, deep spiritual 
insight, firm faith, and play of fancy; but are often 
somewhat obscure and involved, and not leldum'very 
lengthy. Nine flrst appeared in bis BaUetm out OUeai, 
Bremen, 1713, and the reat principally In his B&n&lein 
XXV. Oottnligtr Qeianoe, Bremen, 1733 [Royal Library, 
Berlin], and Inter eda. The ed. of 1731 (XXX. GeCitlidu 
Liefer, Ac.) contains also an appendix of 13 hymns 
from Ma us. 

Comparatively few of Lnmpe's hymns are 
in modem German C. U. Those whioli have 
passed into English are : — 

1. Vein Laben itt atn TUtiinurtend, Fir Traveller*. 
1713, No. 10, p. 30, In 8 at., entitled "Travelling 
Thoughts." In the Berlin 6. L. S., el. 18*3. IV. as, 
" My life la but a pllgTlm-jtend," by Dr. s. Milit, leM 
(185S, p. 1*0). 

ii, Tela das Haiti am Xnnttsstamm. E&y Com- 
■union. 1713, No. S, p. 2], in 12 at. of 8 1. entitled 
" Devotional Hymn at Holy Communion." In Dr. J. P. 
Lange's X&chtnlitgtrbucb, lata, St. xli. is omitted, and 
It begins " O Fels dea Hells, Oottealamm." Tbe tr. 
In C. If. Is ;— 

O ImJini Book, Lamb ef God. A tr.of at. l.-ltl., 
v., xli., by Dr. R. Magulie, in his Jftlodiato/tlieJWSrr- 
lattd, 1883, p. 107. Kepeated, omitting st. ill., In R. 
Oault's B. Bit. far CK. tfEtalond, 188*. 

HL Liebaaglnth, n wll job dwh, Ltm to ChrUt. 
Founded on St. John iii. l«. 1TH, No. 1», p. so, in 
6 at. Previously in hla Gthtinniti da Gtoadealmnda, 
pt. iv.,.vol. 11., 2nd ed., Bremen, 1721, p. loss. In 
Bunsen'a Vtrtnch, 1833, omitting st. ii., It. TV. as: 
(1) " O Fire of Love, what earthly words," by Mri. 
iewm, 18BB, p. 81. (2) "O wondrous love of Chrtat! 
how bright," by Dr. O. WaUter, 1880, p. Is. 

fcf. to iat van mafaer kunsn VUfiimuhaft, Woe 
Tear. 1723, No, It, p. e», In IS st. The form tr. 1* 
that in tbe Berlin O. B., IB24, No. tit, altered, and 
inning " Wie achneU veiatrlch, O Herr voll Mild' 
Huld." TV. as, " How swift, O Lord, moat kind, 
most bountiful," by jr. L. Pretiiingkam, 1870, p. 355. 

[j:m.] 

Langbeoker, Emanuel Christian 
Gottlieb, *. of Christian Gottlieb Lanebecker, 
clothier in Berlin, was b. at Berlin, Aug. 31, 
1792. After being for some time engaged in 



LANGE, BENST 



637 



begii 
und 



his father's business, he entered the service of 
Prince Waldemar of Prussia in 1827, becom- 
ing his household secretary in 1810. He d. 
at Berlin, Oct 24, 1843 (Koch, vii. 89-42: 
Begisters of St George's CJmrch, Berlin, Ac). 

Bis hymna appeared in the Berlin WttJlntWoK, 1821, 
Be. ; Inhls GeKcKte, Berlin, 1824, 2nd Series, 1828 { and 
in tbe Berlin G.L. S. r ot which he wu the principal 
editor, and for which he compiled the biographical 
notices in the 1st ed., 1832. He also pub. various bymno- 
logical works, including hla historical sketch Dai 
deutsch - euH^teliaeAC Ktrthmtied, Berlin, 1830; tbs 
first critical ed. of P. Qeibardt'a Lebai und Litter, 
Berlin, lstl j Getanff-BUttttr aut den sevi. Jahrkundert, 
Berlin, 1838, &c 

One of his hymns is in English C. U. : — 

Wie wird mir aeiii, wann ieh dish, Jeaua, tehe. 
Longing for Heaven. Founded on 1 John iii. 2. 
In his Gediditf, Zvmte Sammlvng, Berlin, 1829, 
■p. 85, in 5 at. of 6 1., entitled, " In prospect of 
Eternity." It wa» a favourite hymn of C. H, 
Zellei (q.v.) Included in the Berlin G. L. S., 
1832, No. 1923 (1863, No, 722). The tr. is ;— 

That ahall I bet my lord, when I baheldthw, 
A full and good tr. by Mrs. Findlater, in H. L. £., 
2nd Ser ? 1855, p. 56 (1884, p. 114). Kepeated, 
in full, in Bp. Byle's Coll., 1860; and, omitting 
st. iv.,'in the Xeth. N. Conn. S. Sk., 1863, 

[J. M.] 

Lange, Ernst, was b. at Danzig, Jan. 3, 
1650, where his father, Matthias Lange, was 
in the service of the Senate. He was for some 
time secretary inDaniig.arjd thereafterin War- 
saw. In 1691 he was appointed judge in Ihe 
Altstadt of Danzig, and in 1694 senator. He d, 
at Danzig, Aug. 20, 1727 (Bode, p. 103 ; Allg. 
Deutsche Biog., xyii. 623,4c). Afteravisitto 
the Netherlands in 1698, Lange allied himself 
vrith the Mennonites and Pietists in Danzig, 
and came into conflict with the Lutheran 
olergy. His hymns were mostly written about 
the time when the pestilence visited Danzig, 
in 1710, and principally appeared in bia LXI. 
Gait mneUigte Sttutdm, without place or date 
of pub., but probably at Danzig, 1711 (Pre- 
face dated "Danrig, Feb. 12, 1711 "). The 
idea of this work was as a thankorFerirjg for 
preservation during this trying time ; and it 
embraced 61 hymns, viz., one for each year of 
his life. A number of additional hymns seem 
to have been contributed in MS. to Freyling- 
hausen's Nate* geutretchet 6. B., 1714. His 
Psalm versionsare noted under realtors, Genua. 
Lange's hymns which have passed Into 
English are : — 

L Im Abend blinkt der Xorfematam. Epiphany. 
17H, as above, p. 4, in 19 st. of 4 L, entitled, 
" The Saviour Who appeared at Bethlehem to 
the Wise men from the East, set forth ; from 
Matt. ii. 1-12." A new st. was added as ii. 
(probably from his MS.), when tbe hymn was 
included by Freijlinghausen, 1714, No, 59. Re- 
peated, abridged, in Knapp's Ev. L. S., 1837, 
Mo. 435 (1865, No. 414). The t: in C. U. is :— 

Xh* wandarinc saga* traee fcom far, A tr. of st. 
i., ii., xz., by Miss Cor, in her Sacred H. from the 
German, 1841, p. 23 (1864, p. 43). Repeated in 
Hedge & Huntington's American Hys. for the 
Ck. of Christ, Boston, 1853 ; Schaff's Christ in 
Song, 1869 and 1870, &c 

AneUm t, ia : " At eve appeara tbe Morning Star, 1 * 
by Lady R. FarltteHt, ists, p. 5. 

ii, Oott, dn lieh suidai Crruad. God't Majesty, 

1st printed as No. 140, in Freylvighanuen, 1714, 



638 



LANGE, JOACHIM 



in 10 st. of 141.; repeated in the Berlin G.Z.S., 
ed. 1863. F. Scbleiermacher called it "A master- 
piece of sacred poetry." The tr, in C. U. is : — 
God, Then bottenuei* abyss. A spirited tr., 
omitting st. vi., ii., and in 8 st. of 12 1., by J. 
Wesley, in his Coll. of fs. & Hys., Chnrlestown, 
1737, No. 16, and the Wesley Hys. and Sacred 
Poems, 1739 (P. Works, 1863-72, vol. i. p. 143). 
The lines — 

" Thy wakened wrath doth elowly move, 
Thy willing mercy files apace " 
are adapted from the New Version of Fs. ciii. 8, 
The hymn passed into the Wes. H, Bk., 1780, in 
two parts, Nos. 231 and 232 (ed. 1875, Nos. 240, 
241). In other hymn-books it has appeared in 
a variety of centos. As these are all from the 
text of the Wes. H. Bk., more or less altered and 
transposed, it will suffice to give their first lines 
with references to the teit of 1780. These centos 
include :— 

(1) "While Thee, Unsearchable, I »t (1., 1. 9 ilt.). 
M&rtineau's Hymns, 1340. 

(2) Unchangeable, aH-perfeet Lord (11., I. 9). Long- 
fellow & Johnson's Bk. of Hys., Boston, U.S., 1818. 

(8) Thy parent-hind, Thy forming ikill (Iii). Amer- 
Meth. Epls. South OaU., 1841. 

(4) Thou, true mid only fled, lead'it forth (v.). Wtl. 
If, Bk., 1780, No. 2M. 

(5) Thine, Lord, ii Wisdom, Thins alone (vi.), 
Scottish Evans- Union H. Bk., 1896. 

(6) Parent of food J ThyhoiintBouahand(vu,), afar- 
tineau's Hymns, 1840. 

(7} Panot of good! Thy genial ray (vll. alt.). Dr. 
Thomas's AvgMtmt S, Bk., 1866. 

These details show the extensive use of this 
hymn in English-speakiug countries. 

Another tr. is, " O God, Thou bottomless Abyss ! 
How Bhall I competently know Thee," as No. S73 In 
pt, i. of the Moravian H. Bk,, 1)64. In the ed. less, 
No. 174, Lt begins, "O God, Tbou fathomless abyss." 

iii. Unter denen |rossen GUtern. Brotherly 
Lave, or, Qvinqvagesima. A fine paraphrase of 
1 Cor. xiii. 1st pub. 1711, as above, p. 37, in 
5 st. of 10 1., entitled, "The preeminence of 
Love. From 1 Cor. liii, 1, 2, 3, 13." When 
included as No, 423, in Freytinghawsen, 1714, a 
new stanza was added as st. vi., and this foi'm is 
No. 798 in the Um. L. S, 1851. Tr. as: — 

Kany a gift did Ghriat impart. A full and good 
tr. by Aiisa Winkworth, in her Lyra Ger., 1855, 
p. 50 ; repeated, abridged, in Kennedy, 1863. 
In the American Unitarian Hys. of the Spirit, 
Boston, 1864, and in the Laudes Domini, N. Y. 
1884, &c, it begins with the tr. of St. ii., 1. 5, 
*' Though I speak with angel tongues." [J. M.j 

Lange, Joachim, d.d., s. of Mauritius 
Lange, senior councillor at Gardelegen in tixe 
Altmark, was b. at Gardelegen, Oct. 26, 1670. 
He entered the University of Leipzig in the 
autumn of 1689, where he shared rooms with 
A.H.Francke; and in IG90 followed Franelce 
to Erfurt, and in 1692 to Halle. By the 
recommendation of J. C. Schade he was ap- 
pointed, in 1693, tutor to the only son of 
F. B. L. von Oanitz, at Berlin. Subsequently 
he became, in 1696, rector of the school at 
Coslin in Pomemnia; in l(i98 rector of the 
Friedrichswerder Gymnasium at Berlin, and 
in leftS pastor of the Fried rjchstadt church ; 
and in 1709, professor of theology at Halle 
(d.b. 1717), where he d. May 7, 1744 (Koch, iv. 
343; AUg. Deutsche Biog., xvii. 634, &c). In 
his day Lange was best known as a commen- 
tator on the whole Bible (Biblisches Licit mtd 
Becht, &c, 7 folio Tola., Halle, 1730-1738) ; 
as a defender of Pietism against the ■' Ortho- 



LANGE, JOHANN P. 

dox " Lutheran controvereialiatB of the early 
18th cent. ; and as the author of over 100 
theological works. Only two hymns are 
known by him, one of which is : — 

Jeeu, susses Lteht, Morning. 1st pub. in 
the Geistreiches G. B-, Halle, 1697, p. 4, in 8 st, 
of 8 1. Repeated in Freylinghnusen's G. B,, 1704, 
No. 608, and recently, as No. 469, in the Una. 
L.S., 1851. 2V. as:— 

Jew, Thy light again I view. A free tr., in 
7 st. of 6 1., by J. Wesley, in Hys. $ Sacred 
Poems, 1739 (P. Worts, 1868-72, vol i. p. 159) ; 
repeated as No. 661 in pt. i. of the Moravian 
H. Bk., 1754 (1886, No. 344, abridged). The 
form most used is that in the Wes. H. Bk., 1780, 
No. 419, where st. i. is omitted; and it begins 
with st. ii., altered to "O God, what offering 
shall I give." This form is in Mercer, 1857 and 
1864, Kennedy, 1863, end others ; and in America, 
in the Meth. Epis. Hymns, 1849, Evang. Associa- 
tion H. BL, 1882, &c. In the American Sabbath 
H. Bk., 1858, a cento from "Wesley's st. iii., vi., 
vii., is given as No. 917, beginning, " Now, O jnj 
God, Thou hust my soul." 

OthertM, an: (1) "0 let me always think Thou'rt 
near," by J. Swertner, of st. vii., as No. 430 in the 
Moravian if. at,, 1780. In the 1801 and later eds, 
(1886, No. 661) it is altered, and begins, "0 let us 
always think Thee near." (2) "0 Jean, welcome 
Light," by if, J. Backoll, 1043, p. 47. (3) "0 Jesu, 
Light most sweet." In the Family Treasury, 1BJ», 
P- 230- [J. M.] 

Lange, Johann Christian, »,d., was b. 
at Leipzig, Dec. 25, 1669, and studied at the 
University of Leipzig (m.a. 1689). In 1697 
he was appointed extraordinary professor of 
Philosophy, in 1698 professor of Morals, and 
in 1707 professor of Logic nod Metaphysics 
at the University of Giessen. He then be- 
came, in 1716, superintendent and first court 
preacher at Idsteiu, near Wiesbaden, graduat- 
ing tj.d, in the same year; the districts of 
Baarbriick and Usiogen being also put under 
his care respectively in 1722 and 1728. He <1. 
at Idstein, Dec 16, 1756 (Koeh, iv, 398, &o.). 
His hymns, distinguished by fervent love to 
Christ, were written mostly during his resi- 
dence at Liineburg, 1691-94, as tutor in the 
house of J. W. Petersen (q.v.). Only one has 
passed into English, viz : — 

Vein Herani-Jesu, meine Lust. Love to Christ. 
On the Names and Offices of Christ. Thla Is found, 
without his name, in J. H. Httvecker'a Kirchen &ho, 
1S9S. No. £4, In is st. of 7 ]., repeated In the GeistrcichtB 
G. B., Halle, 1697, p. 140, forjt'I G. A,ed. 1860, No, «4, 
fcc. With this hymn Lange comforted himself on his 
death-bed, TV. as; (1) "Sweet Jesus who my Wiflh 
fulBlls." In Lyra Lavidiea, 1708, p. 44. (11 "Jesu! 
my Heart's most joyfnl Rest," In tbe Suppl. to Ger. 
Psalmody, ed. 1766, p. 1, and Select Hys. from the 
Ger. /'tat., Tranquebar, 1764, p. 9. (3) " Jesn, Thou 
my Hesrt*a pleasing Feast." Ae No. *7fi in the Moravian 
H. Bk., 1764. (4) " Jeau-, Thou art my heart's delight." 
As Mo. 274 in the Moravian M. Bk,, 178B (18811, 
No. 368). [J. M.] 

Lange, Johanxi Peter, ed., s. of Peter 
Lang or Lange, farmer and cairier on the 
estate of Bies, near Soimborn, Elberfeld, was 
b. at tlie Bies, April 10, 1S02. In 1822 he 
entered the University of Bonn as a student 
of theology ; and in the beginning of 1826 
he became assistant to Pastor Emil Krum- 
madier of Langenberg. In June 1826 he 
was appointed isecond pastor at Wald naar 
Solingen ; in 1828 second pastor of the Re- 
formed church at Langenberg, and in 1832 



LANGE, JOHANN P. 

Second pastor at Doisburg. He was then ap- 

Cted professor of Church History and 
^matics at Ziirwb, as successor to D. F. 
Strauss, and entered on his duties at Easter, 
1841 ; receiving shortly thereafter b.b. from 
Bonn. After Easter, 1854, he was professor 
of Systematic Theology at Bonn (also Consis- 
tohalrath after 1860), and continued to lecture 
up to five days before his death. He d. at 
Bonn, July 8, 1884 (Koch, vii 361 ; 0. Kraut, 
1879, p. 324, &c.). 

Lange is beat known as a theologian, and by such 
works as his Life ef Christ, isu; his Bibel-Werk, 
1857, if,, a commentary on the wbole Bible which he 
edited in conjunction with various German scholars 
{English ed. by Dr. P, ScbaS and others), *c. During 
bis tenure of office at Zurich, he began the fashion of 
giving University lectures on hyinnology (1B42), and 
pub, a large hymn-book (Deutsehts Kirekenliederbueh, 
Surich, 1B43) with an elaborate introduction and a con- 
siderable body of notes. He la the most important 
modem hymn-writer of the German Reformed Church. 
He was, however, a thinker rather than a poet. His 
productions are primarily thoughtful, picturesque, ima- 

{dilative, and deeply spiritual poems for private read- 
ngj and have little of the popular tone and style fitted 
for use in the services of the church. They Appeared 
mostly In his (1) Bibliseke DicMungev, vol. i.. Elber- 
feld, 1832; vol. ii. Efberfeld, IBM; (2) Gedichtt, Essen, 
1343; (3) Fom Otlberge, Frankfurt-am-Main, 186a ; and 
ed. less. 

Comparatively few of Lange's hymns are in 
German C.U. Those which have passed iuto 
Engliali are ; — 

i. .Hymn* in English C. V. 

i. Iter Hen iat aufeittuiden. Easter. In his 
Biblische Diehtungen, vol. i., 1832, p. 155, in 
17 st. of 7 1. In his Vom Otlberge, 1852, p. 28, 
oniy st. i., vii., xiv.-xvii., were retained, and 
this form is No. 517 in Dr. SchnfTs Devtselm 
G. B., 1874. Tr. as :— 

The Loid of life 1* risen. A good tr. of the 
1852 text, by Dr. H. Harbnugh, in the German 
Reformed Guardian, April 18G0, p. 106, repented 
in Bye. for the [German] Sef. Ch. in the United 
States, Philad., 1874 ; also in SchafPs Christ tn 
Song, 1869 and 1870. 

iL Tfnan Uaben nnd feMoieden. Fur Mourners. 
In his Biblische Dicktungen, vol, ii., 1834, p. 172, 
in 10 st. of 8 !.. entitled, "The Home Goi-.g." 
In F. Seinecke's Eiang. Lteders&jen, 1862, Ko. 
412. Tr. as:— 

Ota heloved hive departed. By Mrs. Findlater, 
omitting at. v, vii., ii., in B. L. L., 2nd Ser., 
1855, p. 28 (1884, p. 93). Repeated, in full, in 
Holy Seng, 1869. The trs. of st. i., ii., viii., x,, 
altered, and beginning, "Do we mourn for friends 
departed," are in J, A. Johnston's English Hym- 
nal, 1856 ; and the same cento, varied, and begin- 
ning, " Weep we sore for friends departed," is in 
Kennedy, 1863. 

lit. Vm kda Aug* hat geaehen. Eternal Life. 
A fine hymn, founded on 1 Cor. ii. 9. In nis 
Biblische Dichtungen, vol. ii., 1834, p. 92, in 13 
st. of 6 1. A form, in 7 st., is included in 
Dr. SchafFs Deutsche) G. B., 1874. Tr. as:— 

What no human eye. hath seen. A good ti\, by 
Miss Borthwick, omitting st. ii., viii., xi., xiii., 
in S. L. Z.,2nd Ser., 1855, p. 73 (1884, p. 130). 
Repeated, in full, in Holy Sang, 1869, and Ken- 
nedy, 18G3 ; and abridged in the Meth. K, Conn, 
H. Bi., 1863, and Flett's Coll., Paisley, 1871. 

ii. Hymns not in English C. V. 

It, Auf dm iunklsii Bergen. Passionate. 1832, 
p. 146, in 13 st. Tr. as; "Upon the mountain dark 
and drear," by Dr. R. Maguire, 1883, p. 68. 

V, E> fit nooh nichto veripwieu. Mtovragtment. 



LANGHANS, TJKBAN 639 

1834, p. 103, in B st. IV. as: "Sure the Lord thy God 
hath spoken," by Dr. ft. Maguire, WB3, p. 111. 

vl, Gott mit una 1 mit una auf Xrden. Christmas. 

A fine hymn, written in 1B30 on " Immanuel God 

with us. s 1832, p. 11, in 6 st. iv.as: "Sod with 
us] In flesh combining," by C. T. Aslley, I860, p. 2T. 

vii, Hier und dart im wilden Xeere. Christ at 
Bethany. 1831, p. 1JR, in 9 st. Tr. as: "Mid the 
flcean deep and wide," by Dr. B, Xaguirt, 1883, p. 82. 

viii. ten weiaa ein stlilea, liebea land, The Church* 
yard. is34, p. ier, in 12 st. Tr. as: "I know a, 
sweet and silent spot," by Mrs. Findlater, in H. L. I... 

1B58. p. 54 (1884, p. 174). 

ix. Laas mich diese Welt verstehan, Cress and 
Consolation. Gtdichte, 1843, p. si, In 5 st. Tr. as: 
" In the light, Lord, of Thy cross," by J, Kelly, lBgs. 

x. Mein Vatar iat der groaae Hen der Wait. J'n'pi- 
leget of Christians. Founded on I Our. ill. 21, 18B4, 
p. IPS. in 8 st. Tr. as:~"My Father is the mighty 
Lord, Whose arm," by Mrs. Findlater, in if. L. L., 
18&4, p. 14 (1884, p, 55), 

xi. Bohiine Suute, ksmaut du endlioh irieder, Tnitt 
tn God. 1834, p. aft. In 10 el. Tr. as: "Sun of 
comfort, art thou ned for ever," by Miss fiorthwlck, tn 

K. L. L., 1855, p. 10(IB64, p. 11). 

xU. Sey dn main Freund, und aehau in meine firuat. 
Supplication, Suggested by Uohn ii. 1. 1B34, p. Sfl, 
In 7 st. Tr. as : "Be Tbuu my Friend, and look upun 
my heart," hy Mrs, Findlater, in S. L. 7.., 1£6S, p, 41. 

xul, So gmaa tit Gottea Welt. Wtynden fif Day and 
Sight. Yen Oetbtrpt, 1852, p, 121, in 9 st. entitled 
"TwoWorlda," Tr, as; "So wide, so richly stored," 
by Miss Borthwick, in the FamUy Treasury. 18B7. 

xiv. Wo Lanunar schlafau, wacht die Hirbentreue. 
Christmas. 1834, p. S3, in 2 st, of 4 ]., and i of 3 1, 
Tr. as: " Where the lambs sleep, there Bhepberda watch 
around," by Mrs. Jflndlater, In if, L. L., law, p, it. 

[J. M.] 

Iiangford, John. The time and place of 
this person's, birth ore unknown. Ho is said to 
have teen connected with the early Metho- 
dists, and then to have become a member of 
the Baptist church in Eagle Street, London. 
In 1765 he began to preach in a chapel called 
BlackafieMs, in Qainsford Street, London, and 
in the following year was ordained pastor. 
There he remained for 12 years, then removed 
to BoEe Lane, Katcliff, and afterwards to a 
email place in Bnnhill Bow. But his im- 
prudent conduct compelled him at length to 
give up preaching. He inherited considerable 
property, but squandered it in extravagance, 
and died in great wretohedness about 1790. 

J. Langford pub, a few Sermons, and, in 1T70, a 
collection of Symns £ Spiritual Songs, which reached 
a second ed. The excellent and well-known hymn 
" Now begin the heavenly theme," has been ascribed to 
him. It is In his collection ; but since, in the preface 
to his ftecobd ed., be tells us that he has marked his 
own hymns with an asterisk, and this one is not so 
marked. It is clearly not of his composition. 

[W. B. S.] 

Xiangtuma, Urban, was a native of 
Schneeberg, in Saxony. He was for some 
time cantor, i.e. choirmaster, at Glaucbau, in 
Saxony ; and then from 1546 to 1554 diaconus 
there. Iu 1554 he became diaoonus at 
Schneeberg, and still held this position in 
1562. The date of his death is not known ; 
but his successor in office d. in 1571 (Blatter 
/Sr HymnoloQie, 1884, pp. 7-12, 25-27, 190). 
Whether he wrote any hymns is doubtful. 
The only one aseribed to him which has 
passed into English is : — 

Laait uns alia fiShlieh aein. Christmas. The first 
stanza, of thia hymn is found at p. 1? of Martin Ham- 
mer's Lav&es Intvianuelis (s. sermon on " Grates nnno 



omnes reddamus"), pub. at Leipzig, 1620 [Ducal Li- 
brary, Gotha], The full form, in 4 at. of 4 1,, has not 
yet been traced earlier than to the An&er Theil of the 



Dresden G. B„ 1*32. It !b also in J. Nledling's Jm 
theristh Harvlb^chlein, 1655, p. 5)s, in Freylinghausen's 
O. B., 1104; the Berlin G. t. S„ ed. 18*3, No. in, *«. 
In (he Arnstadt 0, B., lfli, Langhans is given as the 



MO 



LAPSUS EST ANNUS 



author of the text, and in tbe Dresden Q . B. , lsSB, u 
tbe author of the melody. Dr. 3. Zaun, In his PialUr 
und JRrr/e, lass, No* 27, gives both text and melody 
from the Dresden 0. «., leaa. Tr. u:— 

1, Let as nU fn Bed rejoice. In full, by Dr. M. Loy. 
in toe Bvang. Review. ffettyslrarg, July, IBM, p. IBS, 
repeated in the Oblo Evang. Ltiilt. Byl., law, No. IS. 

1, Let tu mil trill giadeotta voice. In (nil, by Mlai 
Winkwortb, as No. 39 In her C. B.farSnglapd, lass, 

[J. M.] 

Lapsus est annus : redlt annus alter. 
[NewYearJ] In the Meaux Breviary, 1713, and 
1884, this is the hymn at oompiine after the 
first vespera of the festival of the Circumcision 
of our Lord. This would of course be said as 
the last office on Dee. 81. There is a rubric 
directing that at stanza v. all kneel down. So 
also in the Potd,ier» Breviary (Pictavieme), 
in which it probably originated. Neale, in 
his Hymni Eedetiae, 1831, p. 162, gives tlie 
text e BreviarCo MeJdenti, i.e. the Meaux 
Breviary. It is also in the Le Mam Bret, of 
1748. Daniel, iv. 319, repeats the text from 
Neale. Also in L. 0. Biggs's annotated H. A, 
A JK, 1867. [W. A. B.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1, The yew is tone beyond reeall, By F. Pott, 
Appeared in ii. V. in his Hyt, fitted to the Order 
of Common Prayer, 1861, No. 48, in 6 Bt. of 4 1., 
and was repeated, unaltered, in the People's H~, 
1867, and others ; and, abbreviated And altered, 
in the S. P. 0. K. Church If vs., 1871. In 1891 
the compilers of H. A. $ M, transposed Arch- 
deacon Pott's L. Jtf. tr. into c M., thus necessi- 
tating many alterations. This text has been 
adopted by several hymnals, including Kennedy, 
1863, Alton's Cong. Pmt. Hymnal, 188S, and 
others. In these forms this tr, is extensively 
used. 

S, The year is (one, anoQwr dawiu, By W, 
Cooke, written for and pub. in the Hymnary, 1873. 

Translation net in 0, TJT, : — 

Put is tbe old year, now begins another. J. W. 
Betvett. JSSS. [J. J.] 

Lasaet Klog und Trau#m fahren, 

X Heermann J [Eternal Life.] This hymn 
is not found in any of the works of Heermann 
now extant. It appeared, with his name, in 
the KSnigAerg O. B., 1650, p. 702, in 9 st. of 
8 I. Thence in Miitzell, 1858, No. 136. In 
Bunsen's Attg. G. B., 1646, No. 492, is at. i. 
11. 1-4, ii. II. 5-8, iv., vii., ii. Tbe ascription 
to Heermann may have arisen from confound- 
ing with his " Lasset ab, ihr meine Liebeti," 
1st pub. in his Devoti mueica cordis, Leipzig, 
1636 (1644, p. 186), thence in Matxell, 1858, 
No. 08, in 12 st. of 8 ]. The Laetet Klag has 
been called a Tersion of " Jam moesta qniesoe 
querela," but has greater resemblance to "Ad 
perennis vitae fontem." Tr. as : — 



I co from grief and aighingT. _A good tr.fromihintett 

"epp' . . 
In Iteid'e Fraite Bit., 1ST 2, It ti altered to " Wa go from 



. Bevan, in her Sonpt oy Sternal Life. 1968, p. It, 
repeated, unaltered, in Snepp's Song* o/e. AG. 



grief end sighing." [J. ]tf.] 

Lathbwy, Mar?y .Ann, was b, in Man- 
chester, Ontario County, New York, Aug. 10, 
1841. Kiss Lafhbnry writes somewhat ex- 
tensively for the A merican rdieious periodical 
press, and is well and favourably known (see 
the Century Magazine, Jan., 1885, p, 842). 
Of her hymns whioh have come into C. V. we 
have: — 
t» Break IW the bread of lift), Ommunten vritk 



LATIN HYMNODY 

Bod. A "Study Song "for tbe ChsntauquaUtentry and 
Sclentlflcarcle, written In the summer of 1880. It Is 
in Herder's (Bug.) Cong, flymtui, 1S8«. 

g. Say is dying la the west. Evening. "Written 
at the request of file Re», John H. Vincent, n.D„ in tbe 
rammer of 1SS0. It was a " Vesper Song," and has 
been frequently used in the responsive services of the 
Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle." It lain the 
laudtt Ctmim, N. Y„ 1884, 

For these details we are indebted to S. W. 
Duffield's EnglUh Hyi., &c., N. Y., 1866. 

[J. J.] 

Latin Hymnody. — A complete history 
of Latin Hymnody has never yet been written. 
It would occupy a considerable volume. This 
dissertation therefore must be considered ae a 
mere epitome of an extensive and interest- 
ing subject, which is, in fact, intimately oon- 
nectedand interwoven with Christianity itself; 
and, as St. Chrysostom remarks (on Ps. 41), 
" Nothing gladdens the soul like modulated 
Divine song composed in metre," 



i. Ancient definition of Hymn. 

What, then, is a Hymn, and whence origi- 
nally was the Hymnody of the Western 
Church derived? "Know ye," asks St. Au- 
gustine, commenting on the 148th Ps., " what 
a hymn is ? It is a song with praise of God. 
If thou praisest God and singest not, thou 
utteregt no hymn. If thou singest and praisest 
not God, thou utterest no hymn. A hymn, 
then, containeth these three things: song 
{eantieum), and praise (laudem), and that of 
God. Praise, then, of God in song is called a 
hymn." The Septuagint (v. 14) ha* here 
" i/wes xao-( roTi Mots airoB." Angnstine 
proceeds — " What, then, meaneth this : ' An 
hymn to all His Saints?' 'Let His Saints 
receive a hymn. Let His Saints utter a 
hymn.' " Moaulata laus ett hymntu, says St 
Gregory of Nazianzus (Iamb. 142). In the 
Cotton JUS., Fespotjon D. xU„ in Uie British 
Museum, exists a Hymnary with an inter- 
linear Saxon version of the 10th or 11th cen- 
tury. The scribe on the first fly-leaf writes 
thus: 

" It Is clear that David the Prophet first composed and 
sang hymns, then tbe other prophets, afterwards the 
three youths when cast into tbe furnace. There are 
then Dlvloe hymna; there arc also those composed by 
human understanding. Hilaiiua, Bishop of PotcUers; 
nourished nrst in versified hymue; after whom Am- 
brose, Bishop of Milan, is known to have excelled In 
this kind of poetry. Whatever poems, then, are sung 
in praise of God are called hymns. A hymn, moreover, 
is of those who slug and praise, whfeh from Oreex Into 
Latin is interpreted 'Laus,' because it Is a song of 
Joy and praise; but properly hymns are those contain- 
ing the praise of God." 

This definition, then, exolndes proso an- 
thems, meditative, didactic, historical, merely 
religious poetry, and private devotional pieces 
unsuited for public worship. According to 
this definition, to constitute a hymn three 
conditions are requisite : it must be praise of 
God or of His saints, be capable of being 
sung, and be metrical. 

ii. The Hyntn* of Holy Scripture. 
The substantive Sftms and the derived verb 
ifivia -« intransitively occur in the Septuagint 
Version of the Old Testament — Ps. liv. 13; 
2 Chron. xxix. 80 ; Prov. i. 20 ; Ecoles. xxxix. 
35 ; xlvii. 8 ; 1L 11 ; 1 Maco. iv. 24 ; xiii. 47 : 
and in Is. xlii. 10— &/irf)tnrrt ry Kup/et B/iwi» 
Kau/ir. It is used intransitively governing an 



LATIN HYMNODY 

accusative — 2 Chion. zxix. 33 : Ps. xxii. 23- 
25 (which is quoted verbatim, Heb. ii. 12, " t» 
fitay ixt[X.i)<rtas ijie^irw <rt "% and Is, xii. i. 
The substantive Ipn occurs also in the Sep- 
tuagint, Is. xii. 5; xxv.l; Neh. xii. 46; Fs. 
xl.8; lxv. I; c, 4; cxlviii. I; Is. xlii 10; also 
in the titles to Ps, vi., liv., It., and at the end 
of Pa. lnii The conclusion is. that the 
Greek word "Hymn" and its equivalent in 
the Hebrew (see la. xii. 5; xxv. 1) or Syriac, 
were in common use among the Jews at the 
ooming of our Lord to signify a Song of Praise 
to God ; whence it passed to the whole Chris- 
tian Church. Matthew xxvi 80 and Mark 
xiv. 26, relate how Christ and his disciples 
" fyinfffojTtr," literally "having hymned," 
went forth. This hymn, it seems, was the 
"Hallel" or Ps. cxiii.-oxviil, beginning with 
Hallelnyah. The next notice of hymns in the 
New Testament is in the 16th ch. of the Acts, 
v, 25. Paul and Silas " praying were hymning 
The God," rpotrtvxiptyoi Slirovv rhv $tir. 
What these hymns were is doubtful ; scarcely 
the Psalms. St. James v. 13, says "b any 
merry ? let him sing psalms " (^uAAcrat) ; thus, 
as well as St. Paul in two passages hereafter 
cited, particularising this kind of praise, and 
distinguishing it from others. Some hymno- 
legists, however, have included the Psalms 
and the Canticles of the Old and New Testa- 
ment, as the Songs of Miriam and Deborah, 
with other songs of praise, swell as the 
Sanctut, Magnificat, and Nxmo DimitUt, under 
the general name of Hymns. Le Bran, in his 
•Erpttoaiio Mistae, i, 82, has done this. So 
also Whitby confounds the Psalms of David 
with the hymns composed by spiritual men, 
such as Zacharias and Symeon. St. Panl 
himself, however, distinguishes between the 
three kinds of divine praises, "Speaking one 
to another in psalms and hymns and spiritual 
songs" (4»u?, i.e. Odes or Canticles), Ephes. 
r. 19. And again, " Teaching and admonish- 
ing one another with psalms and hymns and 
spiritual songs (»JaIi), singing with grace 
inyoux hearts to the Lord." Col. iii. 16. 
" Where," says Bishop Beveridge," by psalms 
I understand those of David's composing ; by 
hymns such anthems as were made up, chiefly 
of praise and thanksgiving by whomsoever 
composed; by spiritual Bongs all sorts of 
songs upon any spiritual subject." And this 
division is quite in accordance with that made 
in the first age by Hippolytus. (Bs Cbn- 
tummatumt MuruU tub fin. — Booth, Reliquiae 
Saerae, ii. 146; iii. 314.) "I have prepared 
your mouth for giving glory and praise, and 
psalms and odes." What, then, were these 
hymns as apart from the other two species of 
praise? 

iii. ffymnt of the Early Oftweft. 

" We find," continues Beveridge, " from the 
testimony of the younger Pliny (2nd cent, 
Lib. x., Eput 97), under Trajan, that the 
Christians in the first age were accustomed to 
meet before day, and to sing a hymn to Christ 
as God by turns one alter another;" and to 
the same effect is Tertullian (Apolog. 2.), and 
Eusebius (Hid. iii.). Cairo, a Greek author 
writing in the beginning of the third century 
against the Montanists, speaks of " psalms and 
odes; such as were from the beginning written 



LATIN HYMNODY 



641 



by the faithful, hymns to the Christ, the Word 
of God, calling Him God." {Booth, Jtdiq. 
Soar., ii. 127!) So that very early after 
Pentecost Christian and not mere Jewish 
hymns must have been composed, which were 
publicly sung in the congregations, and these 
chants and hymns wore conducted by an order 
of persons called Fsaltae or Cantores. (Soso- 
men. Lib. iv., e. 3; Socralet, Lib. v., e. 22.) 
Philo, in his " Vita Contemplativa" describes 
how the Ascetics in Egypt, then and before 
his time (circa a J). 40 to 68), "composed 
hymns in various metres and rhythms in 
honour of the true God, some in the anoient 
trimeter; others newly composed. The pre- 
sident begins, and the choirs follow in various 
modulations, with a chorus of all the people 
in two choirs of men and women, each having 
its leader, but all equally joining at the end." 
The Christians of St Mark there possibly 
followed this example. Eusebius (Lib. ii, 
e. 17, Hittor.), quoting Philo, speaks of these 
Therapeutae: "Not only do they use the 
ancient hymns, but they make new ones to 
God, modulating them in metro and sounds 
in a very excellent and sweet composition, 
which is also practised in the Church and 
in monasteries ' ; and be subsequently speaks 
of these (Lib. v., c. 28) as " Cantiea fra- 
frum," wherein " aprimordio a fidelibut con- 
teripta Chrittum Verbum Dei ameelebrant." 
In a well-known place of St. Basil (quoted 
Gerbert i., 233) " The psaltery (i.e. tunes)* of 
these harmonic rhythms has its origin from 
above, whence we should be anxious to seek 
them, and not to be carried away by delight 
m the melody to the pleasures of the flesh " ; 
and in his epistle to the Neocaesarienses, 63, 
" Divided into two companies, they sing in 
alternate parts ; then to one person is allotted 
that he should begin first what is to be sung 
by the next following him." Paul of Samo- 
sata was condemned in a council, held at 
Antioeh, a.d. 260, for rejecting these hymns. 
St Ephrem of Nisibis (died 379) says, " We 
honour our festivals in psalms and hymns atB 
spiritual songs." In 006 the Council of Agde 
(Can. 30) ordered the singing of hymns every 
day, morning and evening. The Council of 
Tours still more plainly, after having formally 
recommended the adoption of the Ambrosian 
hymns, " There are yet some others which 
are worthy of being sung which have the 
names of authors, who were constant in the 1 
faith, prefixed." Still more important and 
decisive was the decree of the 6th Council of 
Toledo in 633. (Cart. 18, Ldboe, iv. p. 1709.) 
« For singing hymns and psalms publicly in 
the church we have the example of Christ and 
His apostles. Hymns are composed like 
masses or petitions, or commendations or 
laying on of hands, of which there are 
many, just as with prayers; let none of 
you for the future withhold hymns com- 
posed in praise of God, but let Gaul and 
Spain celebrate them alike. Those should 
be excommunicated who shall dare to reject 
hymns." 

iv. Influence of Greek Mymnt, 

That these Hymns to Christ, whether me- 
trical or non-metrical, had their origin in the 
East, and thence travelled te the West, is 



642 



LATIN HYMNODY 



evident historically. Eusebius (Lib. v. 28) 
speaks of the " Cantiea fratrum a primordio a 
fidelibus conscripta " ; so also Tertullian. So 
Sozomen (Lib. vi., e. 25), speaks of the 
"Sacra* hymnos qui in ecelenia cani talent." 
St. Chrysostom speaks of the hynins after the 
psalros in divine service : iitid the tradition 
related hy Socrates is that Ignatius (wlio flist 
came to Antioch A.n. 68) bod learnt in a vision 
of angels " how in ontiphonal hymns to hymn 
the Holy Trinity''; to whom may be added 
Hierotheus, greatly commended by Dionysius 
and Noethus (see Gerbta-t, i. 75); Hippolytus 
and others of the second century. The rise 
and growth of Greek hymns, and the use 
made of the earliest by Latin writers of a 
later date, arc fully set forth in the articles on 
Greefe Hymnody, p. 4B6, i. ; Doxologi«, p. WBj i. ; 
Gloria in Exoelnii, p. 425, i., mid the Te Dgum. 
See also Syriao Hymnody. If any proofs were 
wanting that Latin Hymnody originated in, 
and was derived from, the East, it may be 
found in these articles ; for, with a few excep- 
tions, there are daily hymns for the Hours, 
and for the Festivals, Fasts, and Seasons in 
each case ; and the Apostles and Saints are 
celebrated by hymns iu a similar manner and 
on the same occasions. Nor are the Spanish 
and Mozaiahio Christians any exception, who 
originally received their hymnody partly from 
Rome and the East, partly from the Greek- 
speaking Christians of Africa. The very 
ancient Irish Latin Hymn of the Apostles, 
beginning Precamtir Fatrem (from the Anti- 
phonariamBenchorenee — Bangor,in the comity 
of Down) and reprinted by Daniel, vol. iv. 
p. 31, bears evident marks of a translation from 
an Eastern original. These early hymns soon 
made their way with Christianity itself, from 
the East to Home, Africa, Spain, and all other 
parts of the Roman Empire; except, perhaps, 
Northern Gaul, where, as St. Jerome com- 
plains in his preface to the Second Book of 
hts Commentary on the Galatians, hymns 
were unacceptable. They were very soon 
introduced into public worship, but were not 
originally sung in the Latin tongue ; for, in 
the first Christian times, Greek, or dialects 
of it, continued to be spoken in Italy, the 
South of Gaul, Germany and Africa, and 
Latin had not yet come into common nse; 
nor was it possible to compress into classical 
measures the fervid devotion of the earlier 
converts. 

v. Earliest Latin Hymns. 
Gerbert (De Canta et Mioica Sacra, ml. i., 
p. 80, pub. 1774), after examining all the 
authorities, finds that no name can be con- 
nected with any hymn in the Latin language 
till we arrive at St. Hilary and Pope Damasus, 
in the beginning of the 4th century. Isidore 
of Seville, who d. 636 (De Officii;, Lib. i., e. 6) 
says : " Hilary of Gaul, Bishop of Poictiers, 
was the first who flourished in composing 
hymns in verse," and St. Jerome, who d. 420, 
makes a similar statement. It would appear, 
from Hilary's own words, that he brought 
some from the East (in Pa. jxviii., lxiv.). 
Those beginning Lucis lurgitor epleudide ; the 
Lenten hymn, Jam quailragenariQe; three 
short ferial roeming hymns, Deus pater in- 
genite, In mattttinis turgimm, and Jam rneta 



LATIN HYMNODY 

noctis tramiit, iu the Momrabic Breviary ; one 
for Vespers in the Epiphany, Jesas refulMt 
omnium ; another for Compline or Lauds at 
Pentecost, Beata nobis gaudia, have been 
ascribed to Hilary by Fabricius, Cnssander, 
Tommasi, and Daniel. To Hilary also is 
ascribed by the Antiphonarinm Benchorente 
[see Hymnarinm] the noble matin hymn in 
praise of Christ, Hymnum dicat tarba fralrum 
liymnvm cantw peraonet, in trochaic tetra- 
meters, which is oy Bede denominated pul- 
clierrimus (JDe arte metrica) ; but it would seem 
rather to be an anonymous poem of the 6th 
century. By the consent of most authorities 
to Pope Damasus I. (a.d. 366) are ascribed 
two snort Latin hymns, one for St. Andrew, 
JDecue tacrati nominis, the other for St. Agatha 
(martyred a.d. 251), Mart yrit ecee dies Agathae. 
The latter is the earliest hymn respecting any 
Saint : it is in rhyme, and the ordinary laws 
of Latin metre are ignored. 

vi. St. Amlrote and AmbroHan Hymns. 

"We arrive in succession at the great name 
of St. Ambrose <b. at Treves 340, d. 397), 
the main founder of the original, simple, 
dignified, objective school of popular Latin 
Hymnody, which for so many ages,' almost 
without intermixture, prevailed over the 
Boman Empire, and before the 6th century 
penetrated oven into Spain (Seo Arevali 
Dissertationei>, vi. 21-23), and is still iu use 
in the Divine Office all over Europe, As 
Mabillon writes (Liturgia Gallicana, SSI), 
" St. Ambrose took care that, after the manner 
of the Eastern Fathers, psalms and hymns 
should be sung by the people also, when pre- 
viously they had only been recited by indi- 
viduals singly, and among the Italians by 
clerks only, St. Augustine, speaking of the 
hymns at Milan, says, "These hymns and 
psalms are sung after the manner of the East- 
erns, lest the people be wearied, which is 
imitated by almost all the congregations in 
the world." 

A foot which now strikes the inquirer is 
this : that in the 10 1 hymns up to this date (6th 
cent.) printed by Daniel, vol. L, 91 of which 
(a very few excepted) he attributes to St. 
Ambrose or his contemporaries and followers, 
the ancient classical metres are abandoned, 
prosody is neglected, accentuation substi- 
tuted for correct quantity, and the Iambic 
dimeter is mostly adapted as best suited fa* 
congregational singing. With the exception 
of here and there an Alcaic or Sapphic, or 
tetrameter, or pentameter, or hexameter 
nsually in honour of some festival or Saint, 
this Iambic dimeter of eight syllables re- 
mained the favourite for all hymns for jaaWfo 
ivorthip which arc to be found in the Office 
books down to and beyond the introduction of 
the Sequences hereinafter mentioned. Those 
in the Ambrosian Breviary (re-edited by St. 
Charles Borromeo, 1582) were almost exclu- 
sively in that metre. The same may be said 
of those in the Gotho - Isidorian, edited by 
Cardinal Ximenes 1502, and the ttozarabic 
Hymnal pub. in folio at Madrid, 1775. This 
was so almost exclusively in the ancient 
English Church, with the exemption, indeed, 
of two or three of St. Gregory's, in Sapphics, 
and a few others for Festivals Out of 130 



LATIN HYMNODY 

hymns in 11th cental; English Benedictine 
Hymnals (Hari. 2961 ; JuL A. vi. &o.) there 
are not a dozen in other measures. [See 
Kjmiuirfiim, p. 5W, U.] The same may be 
predicated of Germany, France, and Spain, 
and so it continued to be down to the Refor- 
mation. Vast additions were doubtless made 
at and after the epoch of the Sequences, and 
from the 13th century downwards, which will 
hereafter be noticed. 

vii. Early Ritual Use. 
These hymns were very soon appropriated 
to the great and minor Festivals and Fasts of 
the year, the Seven days of the week, and the 
Seven hours of Prayer, as among the Easterns. 
It is a question, however, whether this defi- 
nite appropriation was first made by St. Am- 
brose himself, or mainly by St. Benedict after 
him. In the rnle of the monastery at Lerins 
(a.b, 523), similar to that of St. Csesarius of 
Aries, some of these (BoUand. ad diem, January 
12) are so appropriated ; so in that of St. Isi- 
dore, and in that of St Aurelian of Aries, 
who d. 555. Respecting the rule of St. Bene- 
diot there can be no doubt. Benedict founded 
his_ Order, promulgated his rule, and pre- 
scribed the time, the method, and course of 
his liturgical offices in the beginning of the 
6th century. _ It spread rapidly over Europe, 
and Reyner, in bis Apo&tolalus Benedidarwm 
(Douay, 162ff), maintained that for many 
hundreds of years no other Order really 
existed. Doubtless also the customs of this 
vast community would exercise a great in- 
fluence over tlie seculars, and determine their 
usages, as well as those of the succeeding 
Orders, St. Benedict expressly adapted the 
Hymns of Ambrose, composed either by him 
or his successors and imitators, to his Order 
of Worship (Begula iviii). Walafrid Strabo, 
who d. 8i9 (De Behut EccletioMieU, e. 25), 
writes, " As our sainted Abbot Benedict or- 
dained, the hymns are said in the Canonical 
Hours which Ambrose himself composed, or 
others in imitation of him." " Which," says 
Hincmar, in his book on the Trinity (857), 
"is written in the rule of St. Benedict, 
and in which the Catholic faith is redolent ; 
and they are pious prayers, and the compo- 
sition is admirable. ' (See (Herbert <fo Be 
Mttsieayi. 510.) In No. SSI, C. C. 0. Library, 
Cambridge, in the Inber Sanctae Marie Wygor- 
nensis Eccleiiae per Sanctum Oswaldunt, is an 
old English Benedictine Office book and 
Hymnary, Anno 1061, the title of the latter 
being Ineipiunt SymmAmbrosiani eanendiper 
tmgidas horas secundum eaastitutionem Patrii 
nostri Benedicti. [See Hymaarium, p. 547, £.] 
These are nearly identical with what consti- 
tuted the English Church Hymnody down to 
the year 1556. Other us. English Hymnals 
of the 12th, 18th and 14th centuries, described 
in detail in Hymnarium, Fp. 548, 547, 511, are 
nearly identical in the hymns which they 
contain, varying from 115 to 130 in number. 
The same hymns may be found repeated in 
the English Hymnals up to 1556, with some 
local variations, and the addition of such as 
were composed for Festivals (such as the 
Name of Jesus and the Transfiguration) in- 
stituted later on. The Ambrosian and Bene- 
dietine scheme was thus adhered to, through- 



LATIN HYMNODY 



643 



out England and all the North of Europe, and, 
with local variations, in the remainder of 
Western Christendom. 

viii. From tte IV. to tlte XL Century. 

With the Ambrosiani must be grouped the 
succeeding composers of Christian poetry, 
several of them laymen, for the next five or 
six hundred years, for they wrote mainly on 
the same subjects, in the same vein, with the 
same intent, mostly in the same metre. We 
recall with pleasure the names of Aurelius 
Clemens Prudentius, Sednlius, Felix, Sido- 
nius Apollinarisv Juvencus, Ennodius.Venan- 
tius Fartunatua, St. Gregorhis Magnus, St. 
Columba, St. Isidore of Seville, Beda Yene- 
rabilis, Paulus Dlaconus, Carolns Magnus, 
Theodulphus, Rhabanua Mourns, St. Odo of 
Clnny, St. Fulbert, St. Peter Damiani, with a 
number of anonymous poems extending over 
the same period, some of them most beautiful 
and remarkable, up to the epoch of St. 
Bernard. 

Amongst these must be reckoned the hymn 
Exultet jam angelica turba coelorum (found 
equally in the old Soman, Oallican, Ambro- 
sian, and Mozarabic rite, as well as others, 
such as Sa/rmn), whose glorious strains at the 
Benediction of the Paschal candle (probably 
with the same music from the beginning, as 
in the Sarum Missal), and on the new light, 
are probably, with a consensus of critics, 
those of St. Augustine (Daniel, i). 312). 
As he was said to have been a deacon when 
he composed it, it was always afterwards 
sung by the deacon. 

In the last half of the 4th and in the begin- 
ning of the 5th century lived Aurelius Cle- 
mens Prudentius (q. v.). He was born pro- 
bably at Saragossa or at Calahorra in Spain. 
About his fiftieth year he determined to 
abandon his earthly pursuits and to spend 
the remainder of his days in promoting the 
honour of God and the kingdom^ of Christ. 
In his fifty-seventh year, according to his 
own preface, he published many of his 
poems, and continued to do so up to tbti 
year 405, about which time he went to Rome 
(Hie mihi cum peterem te rerum maxima 
Soma, &c. ; Znnmneros dneres Sanctorum 
jomafct in tirbe Vidimus, Peritteph. is. 3, 
xi. 1), and afterwards took up bis abode 
at Imola. He seems to have died about a.p. 
413. He was a prolific author. His Chris- 
tian Lyrics are his Catttemerinon, or twelve 
hymns adapted to all the actions of the 
day: his Perittephanon, or fourteen hymns 
of the "Crowns of the Martyrs"; and his 
Apotheosis of the Divinity of Christ Amongst 
his hymns are the dnily hymns Ales dici 
nuntius, Nox et tenebrae, and Lux eece surflit 
aurea; for the Nativity, Corde natus ex Pa- 
rentis ; for the Holy Innocents, Salvete jUtrea 
Martyram ; for the Epiphany, O sola magna- 
rtmt urbium ; and for Lent there are also bis 
"Hynmus jejunantium " ; O Ifazarene lux 
Bethleem, and Cultor Dei memento. That for 
Holy Saturday, at the lighting of the Pas- 
ohal candle, Inventor rutiU dux bone luminis, 
is still retained in many foreign hytnnaries, 
and in the Sarum for the procession after 
Vespers on that day ; along with four or five 
others of less note. A hymn sometimes ascribed 



644 



LATIN HYMNODY 



to Prudentius, but in error, and not found in 
his works, U : — 

" Hfiwium Mirlae Viitfnisi, 
Dccantemua cum Angells/' &c. 

This is in the Xozarabie Breviary, 1502. It 
may bu observed, moreover, that in his sacred 
poetry Prudentius has made use of the Iambio 
trimeter and dimeter, the hendecasyllabic, 
Alcaic, and Sapphic metres, the Trochaic 
tetrameter, Qlyconean, and others. 

To omit mention of Paulinus of Nola, 
Coeling Sedulius conies in as a Christian 
lyrist in the first half of the 6th century, 
under Honorius and Theodosiua II. Whether 
he was a layman or ecclesiastic is unknown ; 

Cbably ho was a Presbyter. Ho is said to 
■e been a Greek, and again an Italian ; and 
then again (confounding him with another 
Sedulius), an Irishman, Ho composed a hymn 
in acrostics (i.e. each verse beginning with 
consecutive letters of the alphabet), which is 
the beginning of his poem in Iambic dimeters 
on the Life of Christ: A lolit ortas cardme, 
opart of which ia the Epiphany hymn, HottU 
Eerodet impie. These were universally 
adopted into all Hymnaries. St. Magnus 
Felix Ennodius (born in France 473, died 
521), composed one or two excellent hymns; 
and Elpis [See Elpii, p. sn, i.}, that beginning 
Aurea luce et decore rosea, for the Festival of 
St. Peter and St Paul. 

Next, in order of time, we arrive at one of 
the noblest and most pleasing of the Christian 
lyrists, Venantius Honorius Clementianus 
Fortunatus (See p. 183, it,). The timo of his 
birth is unknown, but he himself tells us that 
he was born at a village called Duplabilis 
between Treviso and Ceneda in Venetia. He 
was educated at Ravenna in grammar, rhetoric, 
and Roman law. He composed poetry as 
early as ad. 555 ; he went to Tours to St 
Martin's grave in 565, was at the wedding 
of Sigebert with Brunhilda; Rhadegunda, 
widow of Clothaire the First, was his friend. 
There he dwelt and became a priest, and was 
a friend of Gregory of Tours. In the year 
597 he was made Bishop of Poiotiers. The 
date of his death is not known, but it was 
probably about G09. He composed prose 
works, but his fame rests on his poetry. 
In the second book of his saored poems we 
find the glorious ode, Vexffla Begis prodettnt, 
Fubjet Craci» myttertum, for Passiontide. It 
Amis its place in most European Hymnaries, 
although sometimes (as in the present Raman) 
in a mutilated form ; the penultimate stanza, 
for instance : — 

" Fundia aroma cortice, 
Vincis eapore nectars. 
Jucunda mictu ferUli, 
Plaudta triuropbo nobui," 

is often omitted ; but it has no worthy repre- 
sentative in our vernacular church hymn-books 
except perhaps in the Hymnary. Of equal 
sublunity and fervour is hiB well-known 
Passion monody, mostly in troohaics, Pangi 
lingua gloriosi PraeUum certaminU, which has 
been subjected to similar ignominious treat- 
ment in the Roman Breviary. Then we have 
the Paschal Processional, in hexameters and 
pentameters, from his poem on the Resurrec- 
tion, very universally adopted ; the first verse 
of which, Salve festa diet toto venerabiifo aevo, 



LATIN HYMNODY 

wbb in England generally prefixed to all the 
processional proses for the great Festivals. 

To St. Gregory the Great we owe some few 
of the beat hymns for Sundays from the Epi- 
phanv to Lent, for Passiontide, Palm Sunday, 
and for the Hours (in Sapphics). They were 
speedily adopted into most hymnaries, espe- 
cially the early English. That for Sunday 
morning especially, Prima dierum omnium, is 
found in all; but neither that nor any of 
the Lenten or Passiontide hymns are repre- 
sented in onr vernacular church hymn-books 
to any appreciable extent. To all these are 
appended the ascription of praise to the 
Holy Trinity at the end, which (although it 
has been attributed to St. Ambrose) seems 
now first, in various forms, to have come into 
general use. 

The Irith Hymnody must not be left un- 
noticed, A Liber Hymnontm exists in Trinity 
College, Dublin, in old Irish characters, with 
copious Scholia in the same writing : a second 
in the Royal Irish Academy ; and a third at 
the Franciscan College of St. Isidore at 
Rome. Some hymns from these were pub- 
lished by Colgan (Trias thattmaturga, 1647), 
by Ware, 1656, and by Usher, The late 
Dr. Todd undertook to edit this Liber Hymn- 
arum for the Irish Archaeological and Celtic 
Society, but two parte only appeared, in 1855 
and 1869, the undertaking having been cut 
short by his untimely death. In them we 
find a hymn In honour of Si Patrick, written 
by Seohnall, the son of his sister, circa a,», 
158 (a Lourica, or coat of mail to whomsoever 
repeated it) — 

" Audite, omnea annates Deum, sancta merita 
VM in Christo ijeaU PMrici Kplecopi. 
Quomodo bonum ib actum siaitlatttr angelia, 
Perfectamque propter vitam aequatur apo&tolts." 

It is printed in Daniel, iv. 91, and by Dr. 
J.Laur,VUlanueva, in his OputmlaS.PatriUi, 
Dublin, 1885. Then follows the noble compo- 
sition of St. Columba, containing the sub- 
stance of the Creeds in 150 lines : — 

" Altua Proutor, vetuatue dierum et ingenitua, 
Erat absque origlne primonjii et crepidine ; 
Eat et erit in saecnta aaeculorum Infinlta, 
Ctii est unigeuitus Chrietu* et Sonctne Splritua.™ 

Also a hymn of St, Cummin Lange (a.d. 
661), in rhyme in praise of the Apostles, who 
are named successively, four lines being de- 
voted to each : — 

" Oelebra Jnd* testa ChritU g&nttU, 
Apoatolonun exaltana memorLa." 

Another to St. Mary, also rhymed, by St* 
Cuchumine (700 to 750, see JKwe, ii. 383):— 

" Canteraus in aural die conclnentei varte, 
Gondamentea Deo diguum hymuum Sanctae M&rlae, 
Kb per cborum blue et Inde coUandenras Marlam." 

Also (amongst others) there is a hymn in 
praise of St. Bridget (died 523). who was for 
many ages the St, Mary of the Irish. It 
begins — 

"Cbristus, in noetra Insula quae vocalur Hibemia." 
The author, 600-650, is unknown. 

To pass over the hymn to St. Agatha by 
Isidore of Seville ; one by the Spanish lady 
Cyrilla, for St. Thyrsus and his companions ; 
and that on the Day of Judgment, Apptire- 
bit regentina, both praised by Bede, and in 
trochaios; we notice a remarkable Sacra- 



LATIN HYMNODt 

tntntal one, from the Bangor Antiphonary, at 
noble simplicity, Saudi tenite Corpus Clttitti 
•ttmt'te, which, as .Dante! remarks fi. 194), 
doubtless shows that all Christians then re- 
oelTed under both kinds. 

At the end of the 8th oentuly appears 
snonymoasly the hymn for many martyrs, 
Sanctorum metritis tnelirfa gaudia (In CAor- 
ftnn&fc Asclepiadt, the ftmrth verse Gtyomitc). 
This is in the Anglo-Saxon hymnaries. (In 
the Marl. 2961 a portion is appropriated to the 
Holy Innocents.) This list may be closed with 
the Aw Mart* Stella, or StUla, which appears 
in public worship in the 9th century, wherein 
this denomination is first applied to the 
Blessed Virgin. It has never been altered, 
but subsequently was in France and Ger- 
many frequently farced and paraphrased, and 
so turned into a Sequence (see Mane, voL ii. 
215, rf seq^. 

Bede contributed to the Anglo -Saxon 
Church, &c, a treatise, De Arte Metrica, 
and a number of hymus. Faulus Diaoonus, 
one, Vt queant laxit, in Sapphics, for the 
Nativity of St. John Baptist To Charle- 
magne is attributed the beautiful and touch- 
ing Vm( Creator Spiritas, which since his age 
has been sung with unexampled unanimity, 
solemnity, and fervour in allportions of the 
Western Church, not only at Pentecost but in 
all observances in which the aid of the Holy 
Ghost was specially necessary ;. in the corona- 
tion of kings, the consecration of patriarchs, 
archbishops and bishops, at the opening of 
councils, 4c,; and at Pentecost, especially 
at Terce, it used to be, in all churches, with 
the celebrant fully vested, and all the altar 
lights kindled. To this period belong also 
the fine hymns for St. Michael and All Angels, 
one of which was composed by Alcuin for 
Charlemagne, Swnmi Begis AreKomgele Mi- 
chael, and another (Mime, i. 447) Archangelum 
mtrttm magnum* In the following century 
Theodulphus composed Gloria laui et honor, 
for Palm Sunday i Bhabanus Maurus (the 
Liturgiet, a ji, 815) two hymns for St. Michael's 
Day, Ohrkte tanatorum decus angehrttm ; an- 
other in trochees, Tibi Vhritte splendor patris ; 
Odo of Cluny on St. Mary Magdalene, Landa 
mater eedetia ; Fulbert of Chartres, the Pas- 
chal song of joy, Chorusnovae Jerusalem. St. 
Peter Damiam", although a poet, witness his 
Ad perennis vitae fontem — Of tho joys of 
Paradise — did not add much to Church song. 
Flavins added Tellus et aetkra jvbilent, used 
in the Anglo-Saxon hymnals for the Coena 
Domini. And wo may close this list with the 
loved name of St. Bernard and his jubilant 
rhythm, Jem duhis ntemoria, and hie monody 
to Christ on the Cross, Salve tumuli salutare, 
both composed at Clairvaux. Jesu dulcU 
tnemoria was speedily welcomed by the whole 
Western Church. Originally appropriate to 
the Circumcision, it was transferred to "The 
Name of Jesus " when that became a Church 
festival (on August 7). It was afterwards 
repeatedly imitated and paraplirased, espe- 
cially in Tracts and Sequences ; two beautiful 
rhymed examples of which are one in the 
Barum and other English Missals. Three 
centos are in the pre-Beformation English 
daily Offices. (See J«n dalsis Xamoila, p. 
M*,L) 



LATIN HYMNODY 



645 



Anonymous hymns not later than the 11th 
century include Jam Chritte Sol juttitiae, 
AvctorSalUtis Vnieus, in the early English and 
many French and German mss. and books. 
For the festival of SS. Peter and Paul, FeUx 
per omnet, &c, in the Soman, Spanish, Pari*, 
Rouen, and pre-Beformation English Hymn- 
aries: for Martyrs, Martyr Dei qui unicum; 
for Apostles, EXuUet eoehm laudibv*; for 
Confessors, Itte confessor Domini, and Jesu 
Sedtmptor omnium; for Virgins, YivginU 
prole*; for St Stephen, Sancte Dei pretioie, 
in rhyme, and extensively used in England 
and Germany; but not in the Spanish, Aw 
brosian, or Rouen offices. 

This list may he olosed with the triumphant 
Vrbs beata Jerusalem, a splendid paraphrase 
of the Apocalypse xxi., 2, 19-21, appropriated 
to the Dedication of a Church and the Anni- 
versary, and sung throughout Europe of old 
time, probably from the Sth century. The 
Anglo-Saxons used also CkrUte eunctorum 
dominator alme of the 7th century, which is 
in many French hymnals. Tho Vrbs beata 
has not escaped mutilation, as in the Soman 
Breviary, and by Gnyet and the other Gallican 
so-called restorers of Latin hymnody, but its 
main features have always been conserved. 
Archbishop Trench writes (Sacred Latin Poe- 
try): ''This poem attests its own truo inspi- 
ration in that it has proved the source of truo 
Inspiration in circles beyond itsown," alluding 
to the numerous translations and imitations of 
it in English and German. The fine hymn 
for the restoration of a church, beata Jenr 
salem, is apparently an early Spanish hymn. 

ix. Hymns of the XL and XIL Centuries. 

The period of the 11th and 12th centuries 
constitutes a marked epoch in the history of 
Latin Hymnody. By that time the ordi- 
nary usage of hymns in the various formu- 
laries of the Western Church in different 
countries, dioceses, and religious communi- 
ties, in their daily, weekly, foetal, and peni- 
tential worship, had become fixed and settled, 
the Benedictines, as already intimated, setting 
the example; for, although Ambrose com- 
posed hymns, it is not certain that ho or- 
dained them to be sung in order in tho 
Church Offices. Those we have been con- 
sidering constituted the staple of the sacred 
songs af tho Missals, Breviaries, and other 
Offices of this date ; such being from time to 
tunc added in each Country, Church, Diocese 
or Conventual society as celebrated the saintly 
founders and patrons of each, with their 
peculiar solemnities; originally, perhaps, in 
veniclee and responses in prose, converted 
after a time into poetry : of this, the Spanish 
hymns are notable examples. By this time, 
however, with a few striking exceptions, the 
Clergy and Monks had become the principal 
poets. The comparative seclusion of the 
former, and the separation of the latter from 
all worldly affairs, exercised a marked in- 
fluence on these compositions. They increased 
greatly in number; they become mere spiritu- 
alized, subjective, devout, and mystical. They 
were no longer confined to the direct worship 
and praise of the Creator, of Christ, of the 
Holy Ghost ; to the honour of tho Blessed 
Virgin, and of tho Apostles and certain prln- 



m 



LATIN HYMNODY 



oipal Saints, and appropriated to the various 
solemnities of the Church relating to them ; 
such as were those of Ambrose, Gregory, Pru- 
dTOtius,Fortunatns, and their successors. They 
became amplified and refined into eulogies, 
descriptions of, and meditations upon, the Pas- 
sion and Wounds of Christ, on His Sacred 
Countenance, on His Cross, on His Sweet 
Name, on the Vanity of Life, on the Joya of 
Paradise, on the Terrors of Judgment ; into 
penitential exercises, of the Holy Sacrament, 
of the lives and sufferings of numerous Saints 
— most especially into praises of the Blessed 
Virgin, on her Dignity, on her Joys and 
Dolours, Of this last particular species 
(often mere paraphrases of Ave ilaris Stella, 
and laudations of a somewhat extravagant 
kind) vast numbers, but, it is to be observed, 
mainly belonging to the next succeeding cen- 
turies, are to be found in Mone, ii. ; whilst 
previous to this period, as Ikmiel remarks, 
very few had been composed, Peter Damiani, 
Boua Ventura, Bernard of Cluny, Thomas of 
Cclano, and many others, including Adam 
of St, Victor, were the authors of the last pre- 
viously mentioned sacred devotional poetry. 

x. Adoption of Accent and Terminal Rhyme. 
A further fact of importance must also be 
noticed: the universal adoption therein of 
accent instead of correct quantity, and of 
terminal Thyme or assonance. Neither of 
these, as we have already seen, is a necessary 
adjunct of Latin Hymnody, and may bo 
thought to detract froin its dignity; but the 
terminations and prosody of the Latin of that 
age lent themselves so easily thereto, that 
sacred poetry in genera], instead of being 
founded on tne metre and quantity of sylla- 
bles, assumed rather, as being more facile, 
syllabism and rhyme. These rhymes were at 
first merely of vowels or assonances, to be 
adhered to when convenient, disregarded when 
otherwise. They might be confined to a single 
letter or fall on an unaccented syllable, or be 
found in the last verse only. Hilary himself, 
perhaps, almost unconsciously set the first 
example in the 4th century ; — 

** Qnem Btella n&tum fulglda 
Monstrat micons In aethero, 
Magosque duxit praevla, 
IpaiUB ad cunaboU," 

Pope Domasus, St. Gregory, and others 
wrote rhymed or assonant hymns. Ave Maria 
Stella ; Veni Creator SpirUas are such, Odo 
of Oluny has alternate rhymes 
" Lands Mater ecdesis, 
Ltroda Christ! clementLain, 
Qui septem purgat vitia 
Per septifomoeni grotiom." 

wot is the Church, nor arc individuals to be 
blamed, for thus following the universal 
promptings of human nature peculiar to no 
age, which in sacred compositions, as in others, 
looks for smoothness and ease, for the music of 
language, for an assistance to memory, and to 
rivet the attention ; to which the music may 
form an harmonious accompaniment. "It is 
not," says Dr. Guest (Hist, of English, Jihythm, 
118), " a mere ornament, it marks and defines 
the accent, and thereby strengthens and sup- 
ports the rhythm. Its ad vantages have been 
telt so strongly that no people have ever 
adopted an accentual rhythm without also 



LATIN HYMNODY. 

adopting rhyme." To the 12th century be- 
long trochaic tetrameter aoatalectic (or per- 
fect) and catalectio (or incomplete) lines. 
An example of this last is that of Peter 
Damiani (Dan. i. 116), 

" Ad perennfe vitae foatem mens sitivtt arlda." 
The composers df Sequences, as will be found, 
made much use of these rhymes and asson- 
ances. Among the most remarkable instances 
of elaborate rhyming is the Hora nottissima 
of Bernard of Cluny, a poem, evidently in- 
tended for private use only- It is in a dac- 
tylic hexameter catalectio, with a trochaic 
rhymed ending, divided into three parts, be- 
tween which a caesura is inadmissible, and it 
has a feminine leonine intermediate rhyme 
between the two first clauses : — 
"Horaaorisauna } tempora pesaiom | suntvftgl | lemua" 
Dr. Neale translated it into English verse of 
fourteen syllables each, three short of the ori- 
ginal, without attempting the complicated 
rhyme. Mr. Moultrie (Lgra Mytiica, 113) 
also rendered a considerable portion with, 
much success into a similar measure to the 
original. [See p, 583.] St Thomas of Aquino 
(13th cent.) rhymed his sacramental lyrics ; but 
in most cases the quantitative mode still pre- 
vailed. Daniel prints several hymns of a mucdi 
later date (vol l. pp. 298-306) oE St. Nicholas, 
St. Agnes, St. Joseph, the Visitation, of Mary 
Magdalene, of Augustine, of the Name of 
Jesus, each stanza of three lines, in trochaic 
catalectics of fifteen syllables and triple 
rhymes. Rhymed hexameters and rhymed 
hexameters and pentameters are sometimes 
used. 

xi. Metre 

With rhyme is intimately connected the 
subject of metre. The principal feet of which 
the Greeks and Latins made use in their 
verse were eight in number: 1. The Spon- 
dee, of two long syllables ; 2. The Pyrrhic, 
of two short; 3. Tlie Iambic, of a short 
and long ; 4, The Troehee, of a long and 
short : 5. The Dactyl, of a long and two short ; 

6. The Anapaest, of two short and a long; 

7. The Molotoian, of three long ; 8. The Tri- 
brach, of three short. Of these the 1st, 2nd, 
5th and 6th measure two in time more or less 
rapid, the remainder three. Four others are 
sometimes found in classical poetry : 1. Tho 
^mpfti&meft.alongbetweentwo short; 2. The 
Amphimacer, a short between two long ; 3. The 
Bacchic, a short followed by two long : 4. And 
the AntibaechiC) two long followed by a short 
The first is a measure of two, with a syncope 
in the middle, the remainder of five. Of all 
these feet, with their compounds, the mediae- 
val hymmsts, as well as the classical poets, 
made use in composing their verses. At the 
Sohool of Adrian at Canterbury, we are told 
that " centena genera metroruin " were 
studied, among which was the Adonic of one 
long and two short, and two long syllables. 
Before this time, however, these classical 
measures, Hexameters, Hexameters and Penta- 
meter), Anacreontic, and the various measures 
found in Horace, although still partially re- 
tained, were in process of change or abandon- 
ment. Church Song was composed mostly in 
alliterative and rhythmical measure, judging 
of the melody by the ear, and attending to 



LATIN HYMNODY 

the (artificial distribution of the accent, and 
not to the quantity of the syllable. Bede 
in a treatise, Ve Arte Metrica, says, •' Rhythm 
is a modulated composition of words, not 
In metrical arrangement (oomnositione), but 
arranged in a number of syllables according 
to the judgment of the ears ; " or, as Ethel' 
wold nays (Boni/acii Epist. lxv., Wayence 
Edit 77), " not elaborated by the measuring 
of feet, but composed of eight syllables in 
each particular verse, fitted under one and 
the same letter in equal paths of lines." 
Ethelwold had before written that he had 
sent three hymos for singing of two kinds; 
the first in heroic measure of a dactylic hexa- 
meter and pentameter rule, and adjusted into 
seventj; formula* of coequal verses; the other 
being in the Iambic dimeter and an Acrostic 
as just before mentioned. Bede himself speaks 
of the Dactylic or Hexameter (which he pre- 
fers); of the Pentameter ; o{ihe Dactylic Pha- 
leeian pentameter; consisting of a Spondee, 
a Dactyl, and three Trochees ("Gantetnus 
Domino Deoque Nostra" ;) of the Sapphic ; of 
the Tetrameter oatalectic, 

" Squoleat arva sole pulvere multo ; M 
Of the Iambic hexameter: 

M Senex fldelfc prima credendl via," 
Of the Iambic tetrameter or dimeter : 

" Dens Creator omnium," 
The Anacreontic : 

" AgB Jam pracor mearum," 

And the Trochaic : 

" Hymnum dlcat tnrba tntrnm," 

and what he calls a rhythm wittiout measure ; 

" Bex Etflrne Domine, 
Rerum f Jreatar umiiinm," 
as all being in use i x his time for sacred poetry. 
It will be found on examination that after 
Bedel's time those hymns in the English hymn- 
books up to the 11th and 12th centuries [see 
HymnaHinn, p, US] are mainly in Iambic or TrO' 
efciwt metres, and composed with little regard 
to prosody. Classical versification founded on 
measure and quantity was gradually trans- 
formed into the more modern, based on tie 
number of syllables, accentuation, alliteration, 
assonance, and rhyme. At the opening of 
the 12th century this syllabism and rhyme 
ruled lyrical verse. The Asclepiad of four 
feet (a Spondee, a Choriamb, a Trochee, and 
Iambics, endiug with two Dactyls), or of 
four feet and a Caesura (a Spondee, a Dactyl, 
then the Caesura followed by tvo Dactyls); 
the Iambic dimeter, the septenarian Trochaic, 
are all reducible to a uniform number of syl- 
lables. The quantity of the penultimates 
was, however, retained. The Trochaic Tetra- 
meter catalectic and acatalectic, was oalled 
also Septenarius because of the complete 
number of its feet, catalectic when one syl- 
lable short, Desinit citius quam debuit (rara- 
\iiya), aoatalectic whon having the feet 
complete. Assonances or rhymes were intro- 
duced at the end of the verse as well as of its 
first hemistich. Thus Peter Dsjniani : 
** Dum presfluris it acrumnle se gemlt obnoxiam, 
Quam omtsit dum dellqult cotitempUtux gloilanL" 

111 the next century we find correct rhymes ; 
" Ad honorem tunm Chrtate recolet eccleaia 
Ptaoomsoris et Baptists* tui natalitla." 



LATIN HYMNODY 



647 



Lingard, in his Anglo-Saxon Church (ii. 
Gi), gives to the same effect a summary of 
English sacred poems, and notices that from 
these metres were borrowed the measures of 
our present modern poetry. Further, tho 
first verse of the hemistich of the Septenarim 
was doubled, and correspondently the second. 
Thus was initiated the celebrated strophe of 
four, then of six, verses which were ample, 
harmonious, and easy, and admitted of a 
thousand varieties. The eight syllable verses 
migh t be tripled and quadrupled ; and as many 
syllables added to each line as might please 
the ear. To this measure the music was 
intimately adapted. The tradition for the 
Prose* or Sequences was that, differently from 
hymns, the melody should be varied from one 
end to the other, but that in them there should 
be the same musical phrase for lines having 
the same number of syllables. The melody 
was varied throughout, but each neumatic 
period was chanted twice, or oftener, as need 
be. So far might be the case with the Proses 
of Notter. There was, however, one thing 
more wanted, and that was a verse by way of 
pause, having an invariable number of sylla- 
bles, for a clausula or period, both .to the 
verses and for the music. Yet this versiele 
bad to be developed so that the musical phrase 
might be developed also when required, as 
these phrases might be, and always were, of 
unequal length. Another verse of 15 sylla- 
bles would not be sufficient for this ; hence 
the first hemistich being doubled, the Ohristi 
natalitia was interposed, which thus admitted 
the enlargement of the melody required ; and, 
as the two last verses of each clausula rhymed, 
Begem cum laetitia, the unity of the strophe 
was preserved. And thus, at last, sung Adam 
of St, Victor, on St, Stephen : — 

" Heri mwidus exultavgt, 

Kt exultans celebravit 

Cbristlmtalrtta.; 

HerL chonm angelorum, 

Frogecutua est efflorum 

Begem cum laetttia"." 

Practical necessity, then, as much as taste 
created these brilliant and popular sacred 
lyrics of the 12th and following century. By 
the end of the 13th the mechanism and style 
were already becoming debased. 

xii. Sequences. 
In the 10th and 11th centuries a new 
description of Hymns denominated Proses, and 
by the Germans Tropes or Sequences, were in- 
troduced into the celebration of the Mass, 
Hymns having been previously usually con- 
fined to the daily public Offices of prayer and 
praise; and Trope being a general name for 
any versiele or strophe introduced into, or 
supplementary to, other ecclesiastical chants 
(Gerbert, de Canta, i. 340). According, how- 
ever, to St. Cyprian's life of Csasorius of Aries, 
512 (GerfceH, ibid.), that Bishop ordered the 
laity and clergy to sing, some in Greek, some 
in Latin, Proses and Antiutms in the Church. 
Later on, however, Prose come to mean the 
kind of style of that composition ; Sequence, 
its place in the Service. In consequence of the 
destruction of Jumi&ges by the Normans in 
851, some of its monks took refuge at St. Gall, 
bringing with them their Gregorian Antipho- 



€48 



LATIN HYMNODY 



nary. Therein the Gradual (the anthem pre- 
ceding the Gospel) in all Festal days and 
Seasons ended with a long Alleluia, being ft 
musical j ubilation on a certain number of notes, 
called Neumes, without words, on the final A ; 
also called the Seqventia as following thereon. 
These Neumes (which were very difficult to 
remember) owed their origin to two chanters 
sent fay Pope Adrian to Charlemagne ; Peter, 
who opened a school at Metz, and Bomanus, 
who, having been detained by illness at St. 
Gall, commenced a school of music there also. 
In this monastery of St. Gall was domiciled a 
young religious named Notker (called Bal- 
bulus from his stammer), of refined musical 
taste. He was delighted to find that the 
Jumieges book had affixed to these Neumes 
certain words corresponding to their number, 
a contrivance which enabled him to remember 
the cadences of these Neumes much more 
easily; especially as new ones were constantly 
being introduced. Under the advice of hi 
master Yson,he forthwith set himself to com- 
pose some new words for these musical jSe- 
quences at the different Festivals of the year, 
and began with that for Eastertide — 

K Ijiudea Deo conclnat orbla ubtque totua " 
(seo Daniel, v. 62), wherein every note of 
the melody should have an accompanying 
word. After other lessons as to the melody 
and words from his master, he composed 
another in like form for the Dedication of a 
Church— 

• Peanut Ecclesia miter llllbata " 

(see Daniel, ii. 23 ; Mone, i. 323 ; Neate's Se- 
quential, 247 ) ; and others followed. 

In general these early Notherian Proses 
(with a few conspicuous exceptions), were not 
rhymed or with assonances, except acciden- 
tally; hence the peculiar appellation. That 
for tho Nativity, Bja reeolanxus (for the Cir- 
cumcision in the Sarum Miisal); for the 
Holy Innocents, Laus iibi Christe ; that for 
the same day in the Sarum Xissal, Celta 
pueri eoncrepeat ; the Veni Sancte SiHritus Et 
entitle, attributed to Robert King of France; a 
grand anonymous prose on the Holy Trinity — 

" Benedict! alt beata Trinitai," 

retained in the Sarum Missal for Trinity 
Sunday ; the well-known Alleluia-tin Prase for 
Septuagcsima, Contemns cuncti ; another for 
Christmas, Nato cartunt omnia ; and St Ber- 
nard's Lekabandtts, ore amongst tho excep- 
tions and are all either rhymed or assonant. 
This non-rhyming gave rise to the idea (partly 
adopted even by Mone, iii., 49) that they 
were vague, incoherent compositions, without 
determinate metro or melodies. Such was not 
tho case. Dr. Neale (Daniel, v., 1) and the 
Abbs' Gautier (Preface cxxxvir.) have given a 
series of canons by which the recitation of them 
was regulated, the main principle of which was 
that each of the clauses or lines of the Prote 
should be nearly of similar length, and each syl- 
lable be closely accommodated to the musical 
notes of the jubilant Neumet to which they 
were set. If, then, the individual clause was 
double or treble, or more, the same musical 

fhiuse would be repeated, twice or thrice, &c. 
f somewhat longer, it would be lengthened 
out ; if shorter contracted, till another phrase 
was arrived at. The Prose at last often con- 



LATIN HYMNODY 

aisLed of a series of clauses, two and two of 
the same plan, although the introductory and 
concluding versicles had a special modulation. 
The Abbe Gautier gives this example : 
Pre/aee— " Johannes Jesu Christo malum dileete Virgo. 
l.tfuESmamoTecainalem \ u rf „ ,yll»bl«. 

In nave parentem ltqnlati, ) ■»«— ■ "J 

2. Tu lene conjugls L pectus respntsti j Messtam secutua. 

Ut Ejus pectona [ aacra meruiBaes [ Fluent* potare." 

Into other phases of this ancient prosody it 
is not necessary to enter. 

We are now arrived at the middle period 
of the 12th century, and to Adam of St. 
Victor; to the second period of these noble 
rhymed metrical Sequences, changed in metre, 
which, increasing in beauty and popularity, kept 
hold on the mind of the Church in Northern 
Europe for centuries. Northern Europe, be 
it observed, for it must be mentioned that 
neither Spain nor Italy nor France south of 
the Loire, seem ever to have welcomed them. 
About the year 1153 may be said to have 
begun a new epoch in the history of Proses 
(hereafter to be called Sequences') in the Abbey 
of St. Victor at Paris, founded 40 years before 
by Louis VI. Therein resided a distinguished 
sacred poet and musician named Adam, whose 
compositions were destined to effect a vast 
improvement (even a revolution) in Church 
song. The learned Jose Cliehtove, who died 
1554, in the fourth and last part of his Eltmi- 
datorium Ecchiiastictim (who, however, is not 
particularly happy in the explanation of 
Proses), writes thus of him and of the rhymed 
Prows of this second epoch : — 

" This form at Proa tn the Church Offices ts most 
celebrated una of all that which la most in use. Its 
illustrious author, renowned no less for virtue than far 
learning, Adam of St. Victor, was in a surprising degree 
coploua and ready In the rhythmical modulation of 
Pruses, as very tnany of thoee composed by him for 
certain occaalons very plainly declare. 

By this time, in the North of France at 
least, a considerable proportion of the Not- 
fceriart Proses and those of inferior merit hod 
gone out of use in choirs ; and Church musi- 
cians had set themselves to compose others 
of a more melodious and popular character. 
These did not confine themselves to the an- 
cient Neumet of Alleluia, repeated on many 
clauses or versicles of an equal number of syl- 
lables, but adopted an entirely novel and 
original system both of versification and 
music, derived from popular airs and much 
moro grateful to the ear. We find verses 
of great regularity constructed according to 
the system explained above, and enriched 
with rhymes of great number, variety, and 
beauty, having penultimates sometimes long, 
sometimes short. Of these Adam of St. Victor 
was the principal author (although he had 
many imitators), and tho Abbe Gautier has 
done signal service to Church hymnody by 
publishing 103 of them, with a few others 
which may perhaps be his, and also some of 
his hymns, together with an exhaustive intro- 
duction and notes exhibiting much research 
(GOuvree Poetiques d'Adam de S. Victor, 
Paris, 1858 ; 2nd ed. 1881). M. Fe'lix Clement 
has also done much for the cause by pub- 
lishing, with the original music (ith edition, 
Paris, 1876, PoussUlgue freres) in modern 
notation, the chants of the Sainte Chapelle, 
with a selection of the principal Sequences 



LATIN HYMNODY 

of the Middle Ages from ancient manuscript 
■ounces. 

The Segfteneti of Adam are moat of them 
very beautiful. Out of 45 which Qautier 
prints Jn nig 2nd ed., 1881, as undoubtedly 
genuine, six are for the Feast days which are 
connected with the Blessed Virgin, the remain- 
der for the other Church Festivals and Seasons. 
Like those of Notker, they became extremely 
popular all over the North of Europe. Two 
of them for Pentecost, the admirable La* ju- 
ctmda, lux intignis, and Qui proeedU ab 
utroqut are singularly fine and impressive. 
It is not too much to say that these compo- 
sitions, and, indeed, those of this date in 
general, are charged and saturated with the 
neat facta, the very inmost, the most recon- 
dite and spiritual meanings of Scripture, with 
its mystical and symbolical meanings and in- 
terpretations ; and are in musical and flowing 
rem, clothed with the magnificent imagery 
and descriptions of the Prophets and of the 
Book of the Revelation. A goodly selection 
is made from them inthe English Missals, 
among them the splendid 

" Zyma veto* tipurgetui," 
Tor Easter ; for the Dedication of the Church— 

"Hlernmlem et Ska OUw " 
in the Octave — 

» Qtum (Meets iabenuctila ; " 
for the Feasts of the Virgin— 

14 Ave mmidt spes Marfo," 

" Hodlemu lux dlel ; " 

and tliat which Dr. Neale lias denominated 

" the masterpiece of Adam," for the Exalta- 
tion of the Cross, and snng throughout France, 
England, and Rhineluod, 

" Laudea Crude rttnUimui." 
We may well join in the pathetic lamentation 
of the Abb/ Gautier (Preface clxxxii.) 
ewer the abolition in the Gallioau Church, 
where they had been snng by choir and 
people down to the 17th cent., "without 
pity, without. shame, and without taste, of 
these poems which had been chanted in the 
vaulted roofs of a thousand churches for 
fonr centuries," not being ont of place nor in- 
terfering with the Divine Offices, but their 
roost natural ornament, for tho sake of adopt- 
ing others of a more classical style ; and sym- 
pathise in his earnest desire to readopt, as 
" national reminiscences," not all the Proses 
of Adam, but the mote beautiful, of which, 
he says, " there are at least twenty which 
would embellish any Liturgy." An excellent 
edition of Adam's Liturgical poetry, with a 
translation into corresponding jnetreB and 
rhymes, was published by the Rev. Digby 
S. Wrangham, M.A., In 1881. 

The English Mi»tal* also contain many of 
Notker*s Prases, as that for the Circumcision, 
H!)a reeotamui ; for Easter, Landei Salvatori ; 
for Pentecost, SaneU Spiriius adtil noWi 
gratia; for St Martin, Saeerdotem GhritH; for 
Apostles, Clare eanetcrwn tenattui; for St. John 
T&wng<sli*t,JoanneaJe*uChTi*to,&c. Many of 
the -Sequence* in the English MietaU are anony- 
mous: for Easter, Fulgent praedara rutilat, 
and the dramatic and interrogative Vietimae 
Paschal* ; those for Advent, which were not 
customary elsewhere; and one for the Visi- 
tation, probably composed at Salisbury {Daniel, 



LATIN HYMNODY 



640 



v. 258), beginning Celebremu* in hoe die, end 
which baa this strophe — 

Vtsltatrlx fn montasls, 

Vlsititrix in Us plan!*, 
Ms nutria ewlesiue, 

which seems to have been written after the 
removal of the cathedral to its present site. A 
MS, TraparUem, formerly belonging to Christ 
Church, Dublin, of the Utter half of the 19th 
century, is in the University Library, Cam- 
bridge. It contains a series of these Sarum 
Sequences with the musical notation of that 
period attached to each. 

The number of these compositions, espe- 
cially of the Adamio type, increased almost 
indefinitely during the 13th and 11th cen- 
turies in every country, diocese, and church. 
Of great elegance and significance, is that of 
the Four Evangelists, Jueundare jiie&e fiddti. 
Also that of St. Thomas of Aquino, who died 
1274, Lauda Sion Salvatorem, composed after 
the best manner of Adam, and fully exemplify- 
ing bis style; to which may be added tho 
imitation, Becolamiu Saeram Goenam. The 
"Praise of the Cross," by St. Bonaventura, his 
contemporary, Becordare Sanctae Gruel*, is ex- 
cellent also. Especially is to be noted the 
Sequence Diet irae, diet iUa, for All Souls'Day. 
This last is almost the cnly gequenoe which 
Italy has produced, and, says Danitl (ii. 112 ) 
" Omnium consensu saarae poeseos summum 
decus, et ecclesiae latinae Kti/t^Xter est pre* 
tiosis&imum." The inimitable Stabat Mater 
dolorosa, Monody of Jacobus de Benedictis 
(as it seems), on the Seven Dolours or Of the 
Compassion of the Blessed Virgin, in the 
style of Adam, and probably composed after 
1225, has been accepted by the whole Latin 
Church. In the uureformed noted Aouen 
Aniiphonary this iB placed as a Prose for 
Sunday in the Passion, with the original 
simple and mournful melody which Rossini 
adopted and enlarged. A noble Sequence for 
the Epiphany, Prompto gentes antmo, not 
found in the books, is in that AntipJumary. . 

By the beginning of the 14th century the 
composition of Proses and Sequence*, and 
that of Latin sacred poems in general, may 
be said to have culminated. These increased 
indefinitely In number, but not in excellence, 
and sometimes became, in the North, almost 
incumbrances to the Divine Offices. Many 
on various subjects were even composed in, or 
translated into, the vulgar tongue, and snug 
by the people, often to secular tunes, on every 
possible occasion. There was almost a sense 
of relief in the Western Church when, in the 
16th century, Pins V. and the Council of 
Trent reduced those to be used as part of the 
Mass to four; the Vietimae Pataiali; Veni 
Sancte Bpirilut; Lauda Sion Salvatorem; 
and the Die* Irae ; to which was added the 
Stabat Mater in 1727. Fuller details concern- 
ing Seque/neei, together with the first lines of 
more than seven hundred, and an account of 
over thirty mss. and printed service books in 
which they are found, are given in the special 
article on S*qu«no*», 

xiii. The XIV. ajtd XV. Cenlvrie*. 
At the beginning of the 14th century the 
golden a|ge of Latin hymnody may be said to 
have expired, and its sun to hare gone down 



650 



LATIN HYMNODY 



in glory. Among the latest gems were the 
Hymn* and Sequence* of St. Thomas of 
Aquino, the Dominican, renowned as one of 
the few Italian sacred poeta. Hie hymns 
include the Adoro te denote; Pange lingua 
gloriosi Corporis ; Lamia Sion ; Saoris Sofem- 
niis, and the Verbum supermini, all of which 
have been in extensive use either in their 
original or their translated forms from his day 
to the present time. Other fine hymns before 
the end of the 14th century are: Surrexii 
Christut hodie, and Ecce tempus est veraale, 
both for Easter ; and the beata beatorum, 
for Martyrs. The grand and pathetic Stabat 
Mater dolorosa, Jttxta crueem, although often 
associated with this period, is of a later date. 
It is found in the Paris Missal, 1481, and 
the Belgian Missal, 1483. [See Saiuenoeo.] 

The sacred lyrical Latin poetry subsequent 
to the 13th century, of which there is an ex- 
traordinary quantity in every possible variety 
of metre, may be divided into four classes :— 

1. Hymns to God and the several Persona of the Holy 

Trinity, 
a. For Festivals and Seasons, and to the Cross. 
3. Of Saints and Angels. 
t. Of the Blessed Virgin. 

Of all these the authors are for the most part 
unknown. As to the first head, it would 
seem as if former Christian poets had exhausted 
these great subjects, and the praises become 
feebler and less original. The old Hymns and 
Sequences keep their places, and to them are 
subjoined many variations and additions pecu- 
liar to each Country, Diocese, Church, and 
Conventual Order ; but the new hymnody 
attains not to the grandeur nnd excellence oF 
the more ancient. This mayeasily be verified 
in the volumes of Mane. The former spirit 
ot Christian poetry, however, still partially 
survived, although the style U inferior and 
different. There ar« several hymns to the 
Holy Trinity of the 14th and 15th centuries, 
especially in Germany — Dulds amor, pax, 
Veritas ; Summe Pater sancte Deus ; Trinitatis 
altissimae, &c, most of them condensations or 
expansions of the Niceno and Athanosian 
Creeds. We find too "Hours of the Holy 
Trinity." The three Hymns and Sequences 
for the Transfiguration in the English Office- 
books are fine. They begin CoeUsiis formam 
gloriae; O sator rerum, reparator aevi; and 
Onata lux de lumine. There are rhymed sum- 
maries of the Life of Christ, besides such as were 
in use in the 11th and 12th centuries. There 
is an excellent rhymed hymn for Advent, with 
u melody, Veni, Veni,Mex Gloriae! a number of 
rhymed and assonant or acrostic Songs and 
Hymns for tho Nativity: Dies est laetitae; 
Apparuit lenignitas, Ac, precursors of Christ- 
mas and Epiphany Carol*. We find many for 
the Passion, as Flange Sion Filia ; Dulcis Jem 
spes pauperum; Pain's Sapientia; Ad matu- 
tinum gemide, and several versions of the 
Hours of the Passion, mostly in rhyme, a 
method of devotion which began and spread 
widely in this ago. There is also a devotion 
of the Holy Cross, Crux iua, Chritte, talus 
hominujA ; one for the Exaltntiun or Inven- 
tion of the Cross, Salve Cruz sancta, Salve 
mundi gloria, in Iambic hexameters Mono- 
culurn; and a Lament for Jesus, for private 
recitation, in eighty verses, each verse begin- 



LATIN HYMNODY 

ning with His Name. There are also hymns 
K of the Face of Jesus," and salutations to His 
several members ; Salve mea patrona Crux, 
a double-rhymed hymn of the Passion ; and 
several Graces after Meals. Some flue addi- 
tional Hymns and Sequences there are for 
Pentecost and the Holy Ghost. St. Thomas 
of Aquino bad many imitators in honour of 
tho Sacrament, in proses, in versified accom- 
paniments to the actions of the Moss, gene- 
rally acrostics or rhymed, such as Christut 
Lux indefieiens; Pants duldssime; Ave 
caro Christi oara , Tu es certe quern habeo ; 
Quod in dra cemitur ; Salve saluberrima ; 
Saturatus fereulis; all of which ore new 
features of hymnody, were sometimes sung 
iu tho churches, and also used privately. 
There are also "Salutations of Jesus," euch 
line beginning with Ave or Salve, tho Rosary 
of Christ, the Psalter of Jesus (576 verses); 
Jesu dulce Medicamen, with prayers to Him ; 
of the Goodness and spiritual benefits of God, 
Angehrum si liaberem, &c ; hymns for fune- 
rals, penitential hymns ; many on the miseries 
of this life; in time of tribulation; on Con- 
tempt of tltc World, Ac. Many of these he- 
tray the mind of the cloister, and are sacred 
songs, and rather meant for private medita- 
tion than for worship. Several are of the 
glories of the Heavenly Jerusalem, In urbe 
mea Jerusalem, summa, rhymed, and with 
music ; In domo Patris ; Jerusalem luminosa, 
after the manner of the Ad perenuis titae/onr 
tern, and the TJrbs beata. Some are to tho 
Holy Angels, and to St. Michael in particular, 
the Musteriorum Signi/er, those to the Nine 
Angelic Orders, Summo Deo agmina, and " To 
Thy proper Angel," Salve mi Angelice (see 
None, vol. i.). 

xiv. Hymns to the S. V. M. 
The greatest change, however, which touk 
place at this period in Church Song had 
relation to the Blessed Virgin. Before the 
14t!i century several hymns respecting her, 
some of them in the subjective sense, had been 
used in tho Latin Church, such as Ave Maris 
SteUa ; Cantemus in omni die ; Quern, terra, 
pontus, aethera ; O quam gtorifiea ; Sancta 
mundi Domina (Nativity and Conception) ; 
Salve Ee/fina ; Alma Bedemptoris Mater ; Ave 
Rcgina Coelorum, Ac. The Festivals in her 
honour were the Conception, Nativity, Pre- 
sentation, Annunciation, the Visitation (insti- 
tuted 1889), the Purification, and Assumption, 
For each of these a vast variety of lyrical 
poems were composed, which may have been 
sung (but concerning this we have no infor- 
mation) at those Festivals by congregations in 
France and Germany, and some in North 
Italy, for most of them, as described by Daniel 
and Mone, have Neumes, or musical notes, 
attached thereto. There are glosses innume- 
rable on the Angelic Salutation, more than 
100 beginning with Ave and Salve, and on 
the Canticle Magnificat. The Dolouts of 
Mary have a large number thereon, none, 
however, equalling in pathos the Stabat 
Mater; and there ore as many of the "Joys 
of Mary after tho Resurrection'' and heT 
Assumption. They are all mainly subjective, 
and, with a few exceptions, such as Dei 
Sapientia (Daniel, iv. 283J for the Presenla- 



LATIN HYMNODY 

tion, are poor, fanciful, and trivial, without 
real poetical merit We have arrived at the 
decadence of Latin Hymnody when the ener- 
vating and over-sentimental influence of con- 
ventual life beoames go manifest. Rhyme and 
acrostic^ and varieties of metre, are carried 
to an excess. On examination it will be found 
that whereas the more ancient of these hymns 
had always a direct reference to our Lord 
Himself, the greater part of the later regard 
the Blessed Virgin almost as an independent 
personage, with powers and attributes of her 
own. This is the more evident when wo look 
at the hundreds which must have been nstd 
for private as well as public devotion. We 
2nd a Te Deum Marianum ; the Victitnae Pat- 
cfcoK transferred to Mary only ; the " Psalter 
of Mary j" the " Marian Xitany ;" the " Gar- 
laud aDii Salutations;" the "Rosaries of 
Mary ; " the Prayers to and Praisos of Mary, 
&o. An English form of this kind of Prose is 
given by Daniel (ii. 240) with the musical 
notes, beginning — 



LATIN HYMNODY 



651 



" Flos pudicltlae 
Aulajnondittae. 
Mater MtBerlcoidifle 
Salve Virgo Serena 
Vtoe vena, 
Lux amoena, 



" Rore plena 
Septifwmis SpdHus, 
Ylrtutibus 
OrDantibuB, 
Ac moribue 
Vemoutibas." 



All these, be it remarked, are but a small 
portion of those which, as Mone remarks, he. 
might have produced. Tliis last editor has 
added a number from Greek, Italian, and 
German sources of the like nature. We may 
be thankful that our English Uses were in a 
great measure saved from this deterioration. 

xv. ApotUet, Saints, Dfartyrt, do. 

A similar change and revolution took place 
in and after the 14th century in the Western 
Church with the hymnody which related to 
the Apostles, Saints, Martyrs, Confessors, and 
Virgins. The number of .Hymns and Sequence* 
became excessive, particularly in Germany 
and Prance, and also in Spain. Every Church 
liad its peculiar hymn-book. Those of Ail 
Saints are mostly metrical Litanies. Pine Se- 
quence! are CWiw laus secundum nowen, in 
rhyme; and Alleluia nunc decantet, all the 
lines of which end in " a." Another is Coeli 
Solera imitantes, in Adamio metre. Several 
are of St. Peter and the other Apostles singly, 
most of which are narratives of tbeir lives and 
martyrdom ; among these may he noticed a 
Sequence of St. Peter of 36 verses all rhymed, 
and of which every word begins with " P." (as 
" Plehs parentis pietatis). Several are of Peter 
and Paul jointly, two or three of which are 
in our early English books. There are many 
of St John Evangelist, SS. Andrew, Mark, and 
Luke ; of Martyrs generally, one of which is 
the beautiful Prose, O Beata beaiorum. So 
also of Confessors and Virgins. Among the 
last St Agnes holds, as previously, a distin- 
guished puce. 

Of the Irish saints, SS. Colman, Columba, 
and Columbanus, whose fame had travelled to 
St. Gall and the banks of the Rhino in the 
7th and 8th centuries, there are other hymns. 
Several are of St Benedict Many, amongst 
others a Prose and a Rosary, of St Barbara, 
with every possible rhyme and alliteration. 
St Nicholas, St. Vinotnli and the Magda- 



lene, were favourite subjects both in the 
Spanish, German, and French books. Be- 
sides these, hymns to above 160 single Saints 
of as many Churches are given in Mone's 
third volume, and in the fourth and fifth of 
Daniel, of which many are for private devo- 
tion only. We soon perceive how inferior 
these, with few exceptions, are in dignity, 
beauty, comprehensiveness, and devout feeling 
to their predecessors. Sense and poetry were 
often sacrificed to catching multitudinous 
rhymes or assonances, or an a h c d Sequence. 

xvi Tite Soman Breviary. 

Yet another change, and for iho worse, 
appears in the hymns of the Western Church 
in the 10th, 17th, and following centuries. 
It must here be noted that the Latin Church 
did not undertake in any way the care of its 
Hymnody until late in the middle ages. 
This was never, like the doily Offices and 
prayers in the Mass, regarded as a necessary 
part of Divine worship. These last-named 
devotions were carefully restored and corrected 
in and after the 8th centnry, but Hymns were 
used, and others newly composed without re- 
straint, and adopted as suited the will of the re- 
spective Churches and Dioceses. Thcirauthars 
and composers were and are for the most part 
not known, yet they had a wide and great in- 
fluence over the faith of the masses and of the 
religious communities. With Leo X. (Pope 
1513) came into fashion what is called the 
classical revival. He, who. strongly favoured 
this movement, became desirous that the 
Church hymns should he coerced within the 
taws of regular metre and Latiuity. He en- 
trusted tins task to Zaccharifl Ferrerio Yi- 
centino, who completed this new Hymnology. 
Leo, however, died shortly afterward*, as well 
as Adrian VI., and it was Clement VII. who, 
in 1523, on the 11th of December, by his official 
letters, recognised and npproved the revised 
Hymiinry. In this 16th century Fnbricius, 
Ellinger and others corrected the texts of the 
Church lyrical poetry generally. In the 17tli 
century Pope Urban VIII. (wlio ruled from 
1623 to 1644)oommissianed $ hreo accomplished 
Jesuits (Pamianus Stroda, Tarquiniua &alluc- 
cius, and Hieronymus Petruccius) again to 
revise and correct these Breviary hymns, after 
the approved classical pattern. We bto wit- 
nesses of the result, as seen in the Soman 
Breviary of to-day, and of how, after this 
proceeding, the simple, noble, and forcible 
style of Ambrose, Hilary, and their successors, 
has for the most part vanished, having been 
supplanted by the cold and often capricious 
alterations of these reformers. [See BrevUii*t, 
P. XW, ii,} 

xvii. French, Spanith, and other Breviaries. 

The oxamplo was contagious. Before the 
year 1737 a large proportion of the ancient 
Hymns and Sequence) were removed from the 
French Antiplxmaries and Breviaries, particu- 
larly from those of Paris and Soma, and thus 
the compositions of the brothers Santeiiil, 
Le Tonrnejux, Habert, Besuault, Murot, 
Do la Bmnetiere, Coffin, Gnyet, and a few 
others, were substituted or interpolated. Are- 
vali, who did his best to accomplish the same 



652 



LATIN HYMNODY 



task with the Spanish Hymnody (Eymnodia 
MispanUa, 1786) in his Dissertation on Ec- 
clesiastical Hymns in the same volume, gives 
a history of all these proceedings, and. warmly 
approves of them ; as does Guyet, a Jesuit, 
in Ms Eeortohgia, Paris, 1657 (Venice, 1729). 
The outcome was a parti-coloured mixture of 
doubtful character, in parts _ of which the 
old classical metres arc again revived. It 
must, however, be admitted that among these 
later compositions are many of great beauty, 
power and devotional fervour, especially 
those of the brothers Santeiiil. Those in 
the Paris Breviary of 173S for ordinary Sun- 
days at Matins and Vespers, and in Advent, 
for Matins at Christmas, and St. Stephen's 
Day, for the Epiphany, Quae Stella sole pal' 
okrior at First Vespers, and lAnquunt teeta 
Magi at Lands; those for the Five Wounds, 
Prome voeetn, Quae te pro poptdi ; those for 
Easter, and the Ascension, for Virgin Martyrs, 
for the Annunciation, are excellent It is 
much to be lamented that Isaac Williams 
(Symns tr. from the Parisian Breviary, 1839), 
who fully appreciated their beauty, has ren- 
dered them for the most part into such crabbed 
and incongruous measures. The Batten 
hymnody is known to bnt few, yet the Proses 
for Christmas, Verbvm lumen de limine; for 
the Epiphany, Prompto gentes ammo (already 
mentioned) ; that for the Ascension, SdUmnit 
hate festivitas (Narbonne Breviary, 1709, and 
Daniel, ii. 367) are worthy of notice. Besides 
these there are some fifteen original hymns 
of much merit. 

All £hese and many more in Germany and 
elsewhere are now, in fact, swept away, to the 
infinite regret of the Churches to which they 
were appropriated, and the Latin Hymnody of 
the Western Church has thus been narrowed 
to the few, and in great part curtailed and 
formalized, compositions included in the mo- 
dernized Roman Breviary, and the five Se- 
quences in the Roman MUsal. This is a con- 
clusion muoli to be deplored to so glorious 
a career ; and oar grief is increased when we 
find, as is the fact, that the ancient music for 
the same has undergone a similar transforma- 
tion and reduction. 

xviii. Expositions. 
Notice must here be taken of the numer- 
ous Expositions Syvmoram el Sequentiartim, 
which, commencing even before this epoch, 
continued to be produced till late in the 
16th century. In the Liber Hymnorwm of the 
ancient Irish Church, edited by Dr. Todd, in 
the old Irish characters, for tho Archaeological 
and Celtic Society, Dublin, 1853 and 1869, 
there are elaborate scholia and explanations 
of all the hymns, some of them in the original 
Irish language. In the British Museum are 
two English hymn-books of the 11th century 
(Jal. A. vi. and Vesp. D. xii.), which are ex- 
amples of expositions. Both are apparently 
Benedictine, and tho latter is headed : — 

" XncLphuil nymni quod noctibus atque ulebus 
Decsntaat mon&chi laodibua ABaidina ; 
lite animus monacal coelestf* qnaeiera dlsctt 
Aetemumque melos cogltat hlsce modta." 

It contains an interlinear paraphrase in ordi- 
nary latin prose of each verse of the hymn, 
thus; — 



LATIN HYMNODY 

" Sf&cndor et immiH-tolU Divinitatl 
O, Lux testa Trinitas I 
St avctorittau flotentia ! 
Et principalis Umt&s ! " be. 

And there is also an interlinear version of 
this paraphrase in Anglo-Saxon. In Julius 
A. VL, the hymns themselves are not at 
length, but only the first few words, but 
there follows, as in Vespatian D. xrr., a ver- 
sion of the hymn in ordinary Latin prose, and 
between the lines of this version runs a literal 
Anglo-Saxon translation of the same. This 
prose version reads thus : — 

"0 Iaix et le&te Trinitas 
Et principalis (Jnltaa 
Infande lumen In nostris conubus 
Quia Jam recedit Igneus Sol "— 

with the translation into Anglo-Saxon between 
the lines. In the Bodleian Library (Laud 
Misc., 384) is a Liber Hymnalis, with the 
exposition of Hilarius written in a hand of 
the end of the 13th cent. The comment on 
Jam lueis otto sidere begins thus : — 

"Materia hujua ovnmi est deprecatio ad Deutn ut 
orto sidere, id est Chrlsto, Christua dignetnr segregare 
nos a viciis et iuduendo nos virtutibus repellat a nobis 
superb)™ ; id est &dat noa bumlles ; et qooniam 
umbra mortis, id est peccatum, recesslt, Ideo Lux, id eat 
Christus, jam ba&it&t In cordlbus noatrls, Yel ale," ltc< 

These Ezpotitiones became from tho 11th 
century forward, plentiful on the Continent, 
and as soon as printing was invented 
they multiplied everywhere. According to 
Mr. Dickinson's catalogue, no fewer than 
twenty-seven editions were printed in Eng- 
land between 1194 and the middle of the 
16th oentuTy, besides others in Belgium, Ger- 
many, and France, Copies of these are in 
the British Museum, Bodleian, and Lambeth 
Libraries, andelsewheTe. The Aurea Expositio 
Hymnorum, by Hilarius, was edited at Paris 
in 1165. It has already been observed that 
the more ancient hymns, and especially the 
Sequences of Adam of St, Victor, exhibit 
a profound and various knowledge of Holy 
Scripture, of its minutest foots, of its mysti- 
cal and typical interpretations, of tho lives 
and martyrdoms of the Apostlts and the 
Saints ; so that it is not wonderful, in an age 
when copies of the Holy Scriptures and other 
books were rare ond chiefly to be found in mon- 
asteries, where few could consult them, that 
interpretations of the full meaning of these 
sacred songs should eagerly be looked for. Tho 
commentaries of Wimphehng, 1513 ; Bebelius, 
14D2-1501; of Hermanuus Torrentinns, 151S, 
1538 ; the copious dissertations of the Elvci- 
datorium Ecclesiasticum of Cliohtoveus {Paris, 
1316; Bash, 1517-19), aDd of others noted 
in the Preface to Daniel's Thesaurus Hymno- 
logicas, show the continued need of these corn* 
ments. That the modems require them also 
is easily proved by the Lateinisehe Anihologie 
of Kehrein (Frankfurt, 1810) ; the copious 
notes of Daniel, especially in his fourth and 
fifth volumes; the lengthy observations of 
Moite in his three volumes ; and those of the 
Abbel Gautier in his 1st edition of Adam of 
St. Victor, 1858. 

The earlier of these Expositions* are gene- 
rally in what may be called the vernacular 
Latin of the time. They were intended no 
doubt for the instruction of choirs and schools 
of the Clergy, and for the more educated 



LATIN HYMNODY 

laity, that tiiey might ** sing with the under- 
standing'*; "that the meaning might be 
known by all scholars and ecclesiastics," " by 
a notable comment which seta forth the 
accounts and most remarkable places of Holy 
Scripture, and of those saints whose histories 
are snug." 

lis. Mima 

With regard to the melodies to which 
these Hymnt and Saqvmuset were sung up to 
and beyond the beginning of the 14th cen- 
tury, and to tbe musical notation thereof, 
these are separate matters of so great an 
importance and extent, involving as they do a 
consideration of the whole system or the 
Plain Song of the 'Church, which, although 
Gregorian, was originally derived from the 
complicated modes of the Greoks, that they 
cannot be satisfactorily treated of in this 
short memoir. Both are exhaustively dis- 
cussed by Gerbert, Abbot of the Congregation 
of St. Blaise in the Block Forest, in his two 
quarto volumes, De Caniu et Mutia£ SaerS ; 
in the Dietionnaira de Plain - Chant, the 
twenty-ninth volume of the NoaveUe Ihuiy- 
eiopidU Tk&Aogiqws of the Abbe" Migne's 
Series ; by Conssemaker, jSwr PHarmonie an 
Moyen .Age (Parit, Didron, 1852); in the 
lately published work of the Abbe" Baillard, 
Explication da Nevanet (Paris, M. ifepw) ; 
and in Let MSodkt Grfgarien.net -of Dam 
Joseph Pothier, of the Abbey of Bolesraes 
(Tournay, DeteUe Le/eere & die., 1880>. It 
must'auffioe to state that these tones were all 
simple, yet majestic and popular, and that 
most of them probably were appropriated to 
and sung with the Hymns of the Church 
(they also remaining unaltered) without 
variation ever since the 6th century through- 
out the West When Proses and Seqyeneu 
were introduced into the Divine Office in the 
North of Europe in the manner above stated, 
melodies were either newly composed or 
adapted from others for them. Pothier 
(p. 211, qua mpra) has published a noble one 
for Jjaetatomdm exultet of the 12th cent. 
in the Guidonian irregular clef of C with 
Bflat, 

It is necessary, however, to give an account 
of the Notation of this Music ; for from the 
7th and 8th centuries musical notes of some 
kind are appended to all hymns. The first 
system, usual in the 5th century, was alpha- 
betical ; that of Boethius (De MutioS, Lib. iv., 
a 14), which marked the notes by the fifteen 
first letters of the alphabet Sometimes the 
first Octave was represented by the seven 
first capitals, the second by the seven smaller 
letters. Others, again, used Greek Capitals 
for this purpose. All these methods were, 
however, found to be unsatisfactory, and by 
the 8th century Neumes were universally 
employed. Examples are at hand in the 
Bymnalt, Barleian, 2961, Vetparian D. xii., 
wherein the Hymns are carefully throughout 
surmounted by If earn*; and reference may 
be made to the accompanying Plates, Nob. 
1, 2, and 7, for their shapes. 

These Afeumet were certain points, lines, 
contorted marks, and onrves (resembling 
modern shorthand), placed under or over 
each syllable to be chanted, in order to dis- 



LATIN HYMNODY 



653 



tlnguish each vocal sound; and since the 
chant is variable, sometimes equal, sometimes 
unequal, sometimes mounting, sometimes de- 
scending, they had peculUt names corre- 
sponding to their various shapes, and were 
conjoined with accents to mark the different 
tones, and often compounded and piled over 
one another. Now these A'eumes and accents 
could indicate the ascent or descent of the 
scale, the piano or forte of the notes, but not 
their relative height or value, nor tlie key, nor 
the mode, nor the occidentals, if any. Hence, 
in order to read and interpret a chant thus 
noted, it was necessary (say in the 9th cen- 
tury) first to translate the signs without dis- 
tinction of modes, and afterwards to dectdo 
from the character of the melody the key and 
the mode to which it belonged, as well as the 
doubtful intervals. For instance, the sign 
called Podoius represented an ascending 
interval, embracing one, two, or more tones ; 
but only a profound acquaintance with the 
modes of the Plain Chant could show which 
of these intervals the singer was to chooBe. 
The whole, iu fact, depended on the skill and 
intelligence of the Cantor. This awkward 
contrivance continued to the end of the 12th 
century at least. Guido dArezzo in the 11th 
century thought to remedy this imperfection 
by drawing two lines through the mass of 
Neumes in order to mark their relative height. 
One of these was red, to mark the noto F; 
the other green, to mark the note middle C. 
He afterwards added two other lines, begun 
by two other letters of the scale. Boon, 
however, the colours and additional letters 
were abandoned, and the clefs were reduced 
to two, with on irregular third ; the Do clef, 
where the fork that grasps the line indicates 
the position of middle O ; and the Fa clef, 
where this fork has a breve ■ either before 
or behind it, indicating the place of the note 
F. The irregular B flat was marked in its 
proper space ; whether any F sharp was ever 
introduced is doubtful. * The notes were the 
long or minim ^ , requiring emphasis, the 
breve * , usually of uniform length, but 
variable if the phrase required it> and the 
semibreve ♦, always short, except in ca- 
dences. It is to be observed, however, that, 
as a general rule, the notes were all of equal 
length, even up to the 16th century, without 
change of time and without bars. Reference 
should be mode to Nob. 3, 4, 5, and 6 in the 
accompanying plate. 

Attempts have frequently been made, by 
Gerbert formerly, and later by the Pfere 
Lambillotte, commenting on the Antiphonary 
of St. Call (L'UniU dan* let chant* liter- 
gigws, Parii, 1851), to identify the ancient 
melodies represented by Nemae» with those 
noted in the 13th century, and subsequently 
after the method of Guido. The Nafkerian 
Sequence! were . thought convenient for this 
inquiry, wherein eaoh syllable had only one 
tone or two short together; but the comparison 
was not satisfactory, because of the great 
latitude which the Noumea allowed. Lately, 
however, the Abbe" Baillard has made a 
laborious collation of all tbe principal ehoir- 
books in France, with a view to the solution 
of this problem, and has printed the result or 



054 



LATIN HYMNODY 



them in the four large tables appended to 
his work, Explication Set Neumet. 

Simultaneously toe Benedictine Fere Dom 
Joseph Pothier, of the Abbey of Solesmea, 
instituted similar inquiries elsewhere, and 
in 1880 published at Tournay Let Mefodiet 
Grtgoriennea (Faprit la tradition. Both of 
them havegiven plentiful examples of Noumea, 
and m tables and engravings have shown 
how they gradually became transformed 
into the more modern notation. It is not 
too much to say that they have established 
the true identity of the Hymnal melodies of 
the later age with those of the earliest period 
known. 

The manner of chanting these hymns fp. 
663, u.\ was generally by the people, not by 
the clergy only, who nevertheless led. them* 



LATIN HYMNODY 

singing one verse and the general congre- 
gation responding with the same or with 
the next verse, all of them joining in the 
last ascription of praise. The mode of exe- 
cuting? .Prases or Sequence* differed, varying 
in different places. According to Gerbert 
{Lib. i„ Pt. i., p. 340) and the LHcUwmaire 
do Plain -Chant (p. 270, TU. Pwass) the 
Cantors with their assistant Deacons ad- 
vanced and seated themselves or stood at a 
desk (Lectricum) whereon the Semenee was 
placed, or iu front of the pulpit, whence 
the Gospel was to be sung, the choir remain- 
ing in their places. Having sung through 
their strophe, the strain was repeated by 
choir and people, with organ accompaniment, 
and so on with each strophe tilt the whole 
was finished. 



c/ianaf neumaftpus aoec &wv prwdpa&3 variankf, 

ViTtfiU apb&af eHuxf yuiifiu J^H 

afcMuLaif Jilkaf dintienf brculuf *naf 



Xjfiuetrdt.. 
Ztfiurvy*,. 



Slota£oTb Qutdomtimttt 

3 



t * *** ' > * . 



1 V .,'.' Ml .T"' *> '•+) ll ," *fiC ±XX 



am 



ULt - aenmtont — 



mfpufUm fikU — « d* — i tuftti 
Shut &fmm dt fttic&tiuau.. 



Stitanutalpi 3e StlvntpeUUK 






A// d 






PP^i 



oAvtA+V* q*t**n- ^*3^ 



fl * 1 



» ■ ■ ■» 



Ajt*>4*xy<nX 



ftJltWKit. , 



T 1 1 



* 1 ■ 1 1 1= 



«Ot Uttl J KOcKtT^tMt4^t* r 



^«v 



Cuoita. a&m*> *+&**++++* 



S 



' 1 ■■! 



Q&tbAmtL H+we GJt4&*<t* t +*wn/ 



t 



* 



Stotet tMaOc Sotrtfl**, 3»xta- OuuMt 



P.. . 1. 

!■■■■■ ■ ■ m :i == = 



n »»ll 



■fcwwM W tt' ©inn pwrfSdsJj 



7&H* 



LATIN HYMNODY 
Sotwt d&fottort. 







QtfHwMb 8ttww< i 






Alt*. 


■Mb. 


Vvtfk 


Ui 


CtM. 


BwwtHn ftmc&i 


Ml* 


* 


/ 


JS 


4 


w* 


* 




* 


/ 


fe/ 


A 


-* 


/V 




■ 


1 


A 


A 


^1 


lV 


HIT* 


ft 


i 


i 


fr 


A 


MM 


«m; 


ft 


■ 


* 


■■ 


■S 


V 



Ckntkn 


***- 


Sstw*. 




(■tpiimld 


Cf&mgtiri 




4 


/• 


A A 


•: 


/;/ 




/ 


*v 


A A 


-A 


At 


3CQf 

xrai! 


../ 


-.u 


k\ 


A 


M 




A 


J.» 


%N 


•v 


S1 




/ 


..-/ 


s 


•S 


V 










^WW 


SbMUu,. 



We would add that beside the above-named 
books on early Chinch Hymnal Music, that 
of Bernon de Reichenau oil the Gregorian 
Ckattf (Tovloiue, 1867) ; and that of the Abbe 
Tardife ou the Plain Chant (Angers, 188S) 
should be consulted. A cxmsiderabls number 
of facsimiles are in Leon Gautier's Hiitoirt 
de la Poieie LUurgiaae an Moyen Age, Paris, 
1886, vol. L [J. D. 0.] 

AutturftUo, — The authorities for this outline 
of Latin Hymnody, and for a fuller and more 
exhaustive treatment of the subject, include : — 

I. fie Atutoribvs Eummmtn. Avctore Jacoba Wtm- 
fkdiuge. Strawbur*;, 4to, 161*. 

3. Bsmni WiUrvm Paetanm CkritKomrum Bode- 
tide lannac 3dtcH ; ftxfum ad optimaTVm ettitiomton 
fidtm ezkitmtt, et pranfationc noWMit* tatiarvm od- 
jectteque jmaectoutf voriautibttt Uctsmtbtts iHuttravit 
C. A. BiSrn. Copenhwetl, Bto, IBIS. 

3. JJywnt EccUttot tW, jiraeiertt» ovae Ambnufrmv 
dtcNHtor, reegpnitf eg mvUormn ^miHrtm accerrfnu 
foeu.piegatt, emu Sehdtiii opportuai* in toeit odjectit et 
£y»noraMk Indict Stvdfo Georgii CUIwnaVi; decedft 
JtBhd! Fiwojrfert nsctatBt de metroi-wi oenerihu, eg 
pWmo libro.de Be Hetrica. GoLogne, Bvo, 1GM. 

4. ^ymnodta. AnutimHt Patrvn, auae a Jtenana 
Steferia per attntun dteant&ri utet, Ctommtntariie e*- 
niiRtfa. jltKtore emoorto MchMhw Stottio a McertdUa 
Venice, fot.l«4«. 

s. BfnamUa Eixpanka, ad GwAu, Lalinitatit, 
Metriquc leget revocata et aacta. Fraem&tUitr Dieter* 
tatio de fijmuw JRwi«ia*ttcw. Juetor* /awtiiw 
Jrenrte. Boms, ito, 1)S«. 

6. De Osntu et JAmca Sacra. Auctvre JRtrtitw Crfir- 
Serte, i vol., 41a, St. Bluien, 1H4, 

1. JHetoria. podnrtax. ct ptmatim medii a&d. By 
Poljcwp LevBcr. Hille, If It. 

8. Ihe ^mM^Athule A2, Gttflene vom acMcn hie 
tvdtflen Jakrhtataert. Br Aneelm SchoMger. Ein- 
•tedelni 18M. 

9. Die tablnftcb StOMmen ibt JfUCetaUer* in 
■nuEbiliKAer tot* rkgihmltchtr SttuMma daraeelelU. 
By Ku-1 Birtsch. JUntack, ISM. 

1U. i)ie CArdSuAen i«e*(er und ff«nA<cW«Ait<lper 
Rom. By Dr. J, C. F. Bitbr. Sod»d. t Onrbrulu t lim, 

1 1. Geechiehte der Ckrieilicheu lateinitchen Litter** 
titr. ByAdolIBbdrt. Leipzig, 18T4. 



LATIN. TRANS. FROM THE 655 

11. Bettroge tur GetchitJttt vnd MrHaruna def 
alteiten JKrclaAyoHWB. By Dr. J. Kiyaer. Vol. 1., 
tWerbom, IS81 ; to!. 11., lias. 

In addition to these works the Hsa., and 
the printed Brtviarkt, Gradual*, HymnarUt, 
Miiealt, 4c, which are euumerated nndei 
the following headings in this Dictionary, 
must also be consulted, via. : — 1. BnrlwiM, p. 
170, X. Hynumiuni, p, MB. S, KUfrit, p. TW, L 
4, Liitin, Tisadiitiiuii from tho, p* Ofifi { 6, Sa- 

[J. J.] 



Lfrtdn, Tranalation* front Hie. A 
large proportion of the translations of Latin 
hymn* into English are found at the present 
time in the various hymnals in nse in Public 
Worship, Those hymns are annotated in this 
work under their respective Latin first lines. 
A great number of recent trt, t however, 
remain, of which no use ha* been made, 
although many are of great merit, and no 
insignificant number are of higher ezcel- 
lence, and are better adapted for congrega- 
tional use, than many of those now in the 
hymn-books. The object of this article is to 
gather these translations together in such a 
manner as will enable the student to find 
what he needs with comparative ease. 

i. In the first column in the list which fol- 
lows, the opening line of each hymn, or por- 
tion of a hymn, which has been translated, is 
given in full, 

ii. In the swonu! column ihe Author^ Namet. 
when known, are indicated by Capital Letters, 
as follows : — 



A. 

Mori 

Amb. 

n 



s.s. 

B. T. 

Buah. 

a 

am. 

D. 
R 

G. 

9.3. 

Greg. 

H. 

*-* 

Sab. 

Burt. 

M. 

Map 

X. 

P. 

r. r. 

Fritd, 
S.B. 

& . 

s. a 
u. 



AMud, P. 
, Alard, W. 

Ambrose.' 
h St. Augustine. 
, Adam of St. Victor. 

Banuilt, 8. 

BtU*,J. 
, Bninetier^, Q. de la, 
. Beoo, the VenmVle. 
, Buchanan, 0. 
. Ctoffln.G 
, Commln; J. 
, Dnmldnt, F. 
, Fluihdiu, SL A. 
, Qottadulk. 
, Goaidan,8. 
. flregoij the, Great. 
, HiUfebML 
. Hilary. 
. Hanert, leaao. 
. H«rttMon of St. Gall, 
. Murrt, A. 
. Map, W. 
. irotker. 

. Paollniu of AquUela. 
. Peter, the Venerable. 
, Prndentlnii, A. C. 
. Sratemi, BapUateu 
. S>trtetli!,J.fl.de. 
. SHiteQU, C de. 
. Urban VI1L 



iii. In tile third column one or more of the 
most accessible works in which the Latin text 
is given is indicated by letters and figures, 
as follows : — 

1. Engliih CWfectfww and Beprintt. 

a. dundlir, J. A|I»M 0/ the Primitive Chunk. 
Lumlon, Parker, If 37. 

b. Hewmu, Cart. J. H, Symni Mccleiiae. Hao- 
mirian, Oxford 1S3S and Loncion 1HSB. 

c. Tnooh, Aicbi. B, 0, Sacred Latin Ftetrg. 
Loud., Maanlllan, 1S64 and 1ST4. 

d. The Lttflanun« JTymnale aecundum unm insignU 
acpratcktrat tfxletiae .Ssrf Jtairieiuii, ! jttlemore, 1830. 
Edited by W. Stubtn, C. Marriott, and A. C. Wilson, 

c Veil*, J, of- JSTynttti JScefctiae t BrtsiaHit qui- 
batdametJUaaiibut. Load., Parker, 1SS1 and 1SS8. 



656 



LATIN, TBANSLATIONS PEOM THE 



of'st 



, Wiaagham, B. B, The Liturgical Poetry qf Adam 

r St. Vittor. Loud., Kegen Ptral, Trench (t Co., 1881. 

o. Xaegttl, H. K. &*v> o/ tke ChrttUan Creed and 
Lift. Load., Pickering, 1878 end 1B7». 

\ StSTtOHB, J. ioKit fi^mns of Ms Jiftfto-^IBOB 
eUttn*. Piloted by the Surteee Society, lBSi, from in 
11th cant. *»• »t Durham. 

m. Maroh, F. A. Latin Bysau, -with Englith Xotet. 
Harper, Hew York. 18JS. 

n. Loftie, V. J, Ins latin Tear, a Selection o/ 
B*ynHntf ^o* 6 * ^y™» /ram Ancient and Modern 
Soureet. Lend., Pickering, 1813. 

2, .Foreign CoJIecttoiw. 

i. Banlsl, B. A. Itaoimii Bjruttioiopfctii. 6 vok 
Halle and Leipzig, 1841-68. 

I. Kone,F. J, LaMn<K&E^»nendetJff»etaItert. 
3 vols. Freflmrg {Bectenl 1863-66. 

J. Vaekanagd, 0. B. ?. Bui deuCKAe JSreHmltotf. 
1 vol*. Leipilg, 1SM-TT. VoL I. contains ■ collection 
of Latin hymns and sequences. 

+. B&aaW, F, Atutoahl aJtc*ri»tfKcft«r liafcr. Ber- 
lin, 1MB. 

5. Shnieok, X, Lau&aSion. ioiti. Stuttgart, 18S8. 

6. Hvulfaftld, CK A, Xatefnisefce Jtynnm und 
Cessnas otu dewlRMeialfci'. Vol. t„ Boon 1841 [ vol. 
II., Bonn, 18U. 

7. IMii, J.LateiniicheSeguMetndttllittelaltert. 
Malm, IST3. 

3. aTomi, a. JaWniw** fljuwien <fet JfiWeJaBert, 
Einaiedeln, 1868. 

9, fiflV'ifi-'g, I. 0, Kathttitelu KinAengeidnge. 3 
vols. Augsburg, 1813. 

ro. Moll, Kan Ton, Bytnnarium, Btethen latetndcher 
Xirtheniotiie- Halle, 1661. 2nd ed., 1868. 

II. Weuulerl, F, J, Bynni Saeri . . . ex jrfurittm 
ffoll&K dtecerium Brtvtoriit. Augstnur& IS2D. 

11. Bupplementiun <e4 Graduate. Mechlin (Valines), 
1882. 

ij. Abbe Kline's Patrdoaiac curnu. Latin series. 

14. Da Jteril, E. POttiet Popvlairtt Latinet <tu 
Mayen Age. Pails, 1841. 

iv. The fourth oolnmn gives the Trantlaton 
in whose works the translations ore found. 
Eaoh Translator li indicated by a Numeral, 
and the details of their publications are given 
In their Biographical Notices. 

1. Ajiwwd, J, A., In 0. Shipley's Annus Sanctue, 



I. Seats, t, B,, In his Church JFJw., IMs.i'and O. 
Shipley's Annus Sanctut, 1884. 

3. Blew, W. /., In his dureA B. and Tune Bk., 

1853-SS. 

I. OunpbetL, B., In his ays. £ AnUexu, i860, and 
0. Shipley'B Annus Simctus, 1884. 

S. Oatwsll. B., in bis various hooks, see p. sis, 1. 
8. Chambers, I, D. r in bis Lattda Syon, 1 BM and 

18SS. 

I. Chandler, Jf., In bis Byt. of Me Pr&siKee Church. 
1837. 

S. OhaHss, SUntbatb, In bar Tote 0/ Me Cftrfcftet 
itfe (n «mff, 18D8. 

S, Gopeuud, W. J,, In his Biri. /or iAe BTeeJt, and 
Bj/mntjor the Stoma, 1848. 
10. Grippsn, T. 0,, in bla ^nciont Byt. and Poamt, 

18S8. 

II. Biz, "W, 0.,ln Clurei Kuwi, Jan, 1B8T. 

12. HeTett, J, W,, in his Terass by a Country Curatet 
18SS. 

13. STaMtan, H,, in his Occasional ffjrs., 18S1. 

14. littledale, E. 7., In various works as indicated. 

15. ataciilL H, X., in his Songt of tke Chrtttian 
Creed and Life. 181* and 1819. 

is, Mason, Jaekwn, In his -Rajftlkss of Bernard de 
afcrtot*, &C, 1880. 

If. Morgan, A. X,, In his Gifti and LigU. law, 

18. Ite^an, I>, T., in his By>. and Other Poetry 0/ 
Us Latin Church, into. 

li. Reals, J. K., In bis JCoffoesoI Bynmt, 18S1, and 
1B63. 

28. Heroin, Oaid. J. H., in his Venn, tc„ isw 
and 1883. 

31. Lynt Bneharistioa, 1843. Enlarged ed., I8S4. 

li. lutws, 0. B., In his Stqnencnfron tKt Strum 
Minal, 1811. 

33. Trend, H, 

S4, WlUiwiu, L, In his By*, tr, from the raritita 
Breviary, 1839. 

2i, Lyra Xnsajuin, 1861. 



as, bra Kjiti**, 188B, 



"-t*-*"i, D. 8,, in The liturgical Poetry of 

JaomefSt. Pteter, 1881, 
38. Waskerhaith, A. B., in bis Lyra SodetiaHica, 

ft. 1., 1843, Ft. 11., 1843. 
33. VtUaet, J„ tn bis Bynaa 0/ Us CTbtnA, 1874, 
a* t »*, c*, ftc, in various vrorks as indicated below. 



N.B.— All pieces rosiked (ff.) are parts or the poem 
•• Alpha ct 0, f ' 



FlxBtLlJje** 


Autbona* 


Latin Text. 


Translations. 


Use or Subject. 


A urate qtyl te ftuBcltAna * 


JCVIII* c. 


e. 


39. 


Oompllne. 
St. Haglolia. 


Ad honorem witriii lAUglorii - 
Ad loonoWLti Trinltatli . 


A. V. 


/. - , . 


SI. 


\ T W 


f. . , . 


37. 


St. Angnstlne, 

H. of S. John Baptist 


Ad honoran tuum t Clniete < 


t. 9. 11. 


». 


Ad nuptUa *gnl Pater * 


jB, a. 


S.34. . 


C. of H. Women. 


A. T. 


0, 9. 11% 


IT. 


St. MMloire. 
0. of H. Women, 


Adeate iancttw cradugea [J*m cunctn] , 


8. 


S.W. . 


Adeate sanctl coelitea [plxuimo] « 


S.B. 


9.11. • 


8. 34. . 


All Saints. 


Adlte tempU »uppllcea 

Almo aupiemt Kumlnis In ilnu , 


XVIII. c. 


II. » a 


3. 


Sonday SEornlng. 
The Will of God, 


, , 


* 


S. 


A>phA *t O muiie Dent * a (ff,) 
AUitfldo quid hie Jeoea ♦ 


, 


C* 0- », 1, +. 6. a 


13. IS. 3«. . 


Holy Trinity. 


XVII.C . 


fcfl. I, 4. ja 6. IQL 


18. 18. 0*. . 


Advent. 


Aim* chwiu Domini nunc pangat 










nomlna inniunl 


jy?i 


&* d* 1. 1, 7, 


31. 


Holy Trinity. 
Whitsuntide. 


Amor P*trb et Filli - 


1, 1..7, 


14. 3S. . 


Amomm hdidb erlge * * * 


XIV. c 


1, i. . 


18. 


Passlontide. 


AngeLe I Qui moos a cuatoa , 
ABimemiai ad agemem ♦ 


'a. v' 


x «, i.* ; : 


S.. 

a). 


The Guardian AngeL 
St, Agatu, 


Ante ttaorum T.rslnaltm 


A. V. 


/. fc 7 . . a 


3). 


Christmss. 


AqxiftftplenM iun»rltxjdlne . 
Ardet Deo quae femtni • < 
AtfaleU duiati nobllti * 


A. V. 
8. 


a. y 9. 11, . 


3T. 

), 34, . 


St. Tlionus of Canty. 
CoTH, Women. 


XVII. e. 


1. 9- * 


6. as. . 


St. Venanthu. 


Auctor Balutie Bnitu* * • < 


XI. 0. 


4. I, • 1 4 


6.. 


PMShntide. 


Audax w Tlr Jureuls * 


IX. e. 


la 1. . 


10. 


Contempt oT the Would. 


Audi beat* seraphim ♦ *. 
AodLat miraa oiiena, cadenaque . * 


XIX. e. 


Jftidn Bre«. k 1S30. 


3.. 


Christmas. 


, , 


* a * 


W, 


St. Emygdlus, 
St Monica. 


Aua^utliii magDa pabla 
Ingustini pT**eonIa. . 


'-AW 


/. . . - 


IT. 


/. . . . 


ST. 


Conv. of St. Augustine, 


Auguitiito pneeull s * » 


J -A r r 


/. . . . 


37. 


St Angnstlne, 


Aorqf* diem annttat > * 


/. 


31. 


St Victor. 


Anron quae aolem paria • *. 


s. 


E. II. . . 


8.. 


Nat. ofB,V, M. 


Ave caput Chdatt gratttm . 


Jtiv. e. 


1. 


8.. 


Membeii of Christ's Body. 


Ave, caro GhrtMl car* > • i • 


XIV. c. 


I. 1. J. 


31. 


H. Conunnnlon. 


Ave Carole aaiictiaalme 


, » 




8. , , 


St Charles BononMB. 


Ave, Chrlatl corpus carum ♦ 


XTV.C 


». 


18. , 


H. Communion* 


Are omda dolce Ugnam , 


XV. e. 


i. 7. . 


18, as. , 


PasstonUde. 



LATIN, TRANSLATIONS PBOM THE 



657 



First Lines. 



Ave Jean Cbriste, Yerbum Patris, Slim 

Virginia 

An Maria, gratia plena , , 
Ave, muter Jean Chrltti 
An, mnudl spes, Harla . , 
Aye, Virgo stngularis, Miter , 
Aw, Yireo slngularls. Port* vitas 
Are Terbf Irjcaroatl corpus , , 
Ave vulnus laterts nostri Salvatorls 
Avete aolitudmea . , , 

Belli tumuttus ingmlt . , , 



Authors, 



xv.e. 

A. v. 
a. y. 
a. y. 
xv. e. 



XIX. c 



of 



Caotnit bynrooe eoelltes 

Cedlt frtgus hiemale (see " Ecce tempos") 

Celebremus vlctoriam , 

Chrlste decreto Petrla institutes , 

Chrlste. Fili summi Patris. Fart 

"Ave mundi spes, Mart*" . 
Chrtste lax mundl, salus 
Chrlste pastorum oupot atquo priocsps 
Chrlste prolapai reparator orbla , 
Chrlste qui reguas Olympo . 
Christe Rex coeii Domlne 
Cbristi martyritous debit* nos decet 
Cbristo laudes persolvat 
CLrcumlre possum coelum et terrain* 
Clan chorus duke pangat 700s 
CoslestlB Agni nuptlas . 
CoeUcborlsperentilbua. 
Goeli dves applamttte * 
Coeli ananvrt glorlam Dal FIU1 . 
Coekt Redemptor preetullt . 
Oneti solem lmltaates . 
Ooehun corusoeoe lntonet , 
Caelum gande, Terra plaude . 
Coeuam enm disdpulli 
Osetna pareatem Carolnm . 
Congauoeant hodie 
Congaudeutea exultemus Toctll 
Congaudoites exultemus, exultantes 
Our angustum dilatemna 



Corde voce pulsa c 
Cordis sonet ex interne 
Corporis mysterlum pongo gloriosl 
Oorpus domasjajuoiis . 
Crueinxum adonmus . , 
Crux ave benedict* 
Crux Udells, terras coelis 
Crtu sola langnorum Dei . 
Crux tna, bone Jem* , , , 
Gum fnl slue To . 
Cum me tenent fulecta 
Cunetomm Rex omnipoteus , , 



Do escenslone Domini* . 
Da Undibns S. Serlptura** . 
Ds Parente summo natum , * 
Do profundis tenebrarum , * 
De superaa hlennshla . 
Dsl qui grattam imputes 
Deo laudes extollaoma . 
Desert*, vallea, lustre, sotttudlDes. 
Dcns-Homo, Hex coelorun . 
Deui sanctorum psalllmus . , 
Die nobis qutbua a tenia Dova , 
Diss iste celetoetur In quo , , 
Dlgnaa qnla Deui TiH 
Domars cordis impetus Elisabeth . 
Dorml, Hll.dornilt Hater . 
Duloe somen Jesu Chrlatl . 
Dalds Jesu spea pauperis , 
Bum mente Christum oondplt 
Dam uocta puisa Inciter , 
~ i andtt nnpUalem* 



xix. e. 

XIII. e, 

A. y, 

s. 

XII. c 

Xl.c. 

B.G. 

C. 

s. 

rnr. «, 

ti 

A. r. (t) 

A. V. (>) 
XVIII. c, 
XVIII. c, 
A.V. in 

XVIII. c, 
A. V. (?) 

XV. c. 

P. V. 

xr. t. 



Latin Text. 



/, I. i. j i 

f. t. <,. 

jr. 1. 1. 1. 



Ii 
(. t. 

ft. o> I 



'+ 



A. V. 
A. V. 
A. V. 



XIV, 

xmi. e. 
XVIII. e. 
XVII. t. 

xy.t. 
s. 



Aug. 
Atari 
XV.c. 



Boos dies Celebris Lnx snostdit 

Boos dies pneoptaU • 

Boos diet frlmnpnalls . 

Kooe ssltutis pntlnra puellae 

Ecos tempos est vanala (tee "Csdlt 

ftrlgna") , 

BooSTorgentemrotat. Futof "Cbrlste 

hut mnudl, Bams." . 
Eoqnfi Unas colomMnsi 

Ehen, quid bominas nmr 

EjaOdulsisi 

BeenuOt 



XVI. c. 
A. V. 

XV.c. 

A. V. {>) 

s. 

jftweod 
XV.c. 
X.e. 

xy. c 
c. 

K 

xya.c 
xiv. e. 
xiv. c 



i. 
*. i. 

b.9.1 
b. 9, 1 



f.t.1. 

l. o. 

e. 

/.i. 
i. j. 
i, 

<■:■ 

e. 
e. i. 



I.q. 
n. 

c. m. 1. 

d. e, i. 
«. o. 



xyn. c. 



A. V. 

a. y. 

A. V. 

s. 
xni. c. 

XI. t. 

xvn. e. 

Baidt 
XV.c. 
XV.c. 



J. If 1. 



/• 

9- II 

e. m\ 
MiHt. Brtv, 

1-1 

1- . 

a. ft. 9. ii 
i. j. g. 

it. i. 4. J. 6. 
•}■ 

m. l. 



S.6. 



e.f. i, i). 

b. 9. 11. 

«. 1. . 

«. 1. . 

c. e. a. «t. 
(.6. Is. 



Tranalations. V*« or Subject, 



31. 
W.M. 

2E. 
3.. 

8. 20. 24 

a*. 

21. 



8. 
«. 
If. 
21. 

n. 

6. 29. 
». 

at. 
w. 

5. 2», 

31. 

3. 

19.2a. 



21. 

27. 

M. 

21. 

13. 2T. 

11. 



21. 

5. 29. 

11. 

18.29. 

IX 

21. 

tl. 



16. 
18, 
2a, 

2S. 



as. 



18. 36. 

«. 

11. 21. 

S, 

2T. 

S. 

21. 

3. 

22. 

28, 

«.T. 18, 

6.29. 

2S. 

22. 

B. 10. 



I. 29. 
21. 



19. 21, 
27. 
27. 
24. 

19. 21. 2D, 

3, 

13. It. la. 

l*,2l 
19. 
C.21, 



19. 
21, 



H. Communion, 
B.V. M. 
Hat.ofB.V. M, 

B.V. M. 

Assumption EL V. M. 
a V, ft. 
H. Communion. 
Cbrlsfa Wounded aids 
The Hermits. 

St. Fins V. 

Assumption B. T. M. 

PMdontid*. 

S3. Kerens and Achltkrus, 

aofUlabops. 

Advent. 

Evening. 

C of Bishops. 

N. of St. John BapUat. 

Separation to M. H. Bit 

ToCnrtst, 

C. of Marhrrs. 

SL John Evang. 

TreeotUfe. 

Ded. of a Church. 

St. Jnllana Falcorderl. 

Easter at Lauda. 

St. AngustineL 

Divlaion of Apostles. 

Maternity ofb.Y.H 

The Holy Apoatlea, 

Christmas, 

Christmas. 

Faaalontide. 

St. Charles Borromeo, 

St. Thomas. 

St. Nicolas. 

St. Giles, 

St, Angnsttne. 

Conv. of St. Paul. 

St. Lager. 

H. Oummunlon. 

St, John Cautlus, 

Faseiontide. 

Holy Cross Day. 

Holy Cross Day. 

H.Cross, 

JTie Ho(y Cross, 

Penitence. 

St. Michael and all Angela. 

Advent, 

Asoenslen. 

Praise of H. Scripture. 

TranaHgnration. 

St. Angostlne. 

H. Communion, 

St. Joseph. 

SS. Savlnlan & Potential). 

St, Benedict. 

To Christ. 

Holy Innocent}. 

Easter. 

Con. a V. M. 

Thursday. Lands. 

St. Elisabeth of Portugal. 

Christmas, 

Name of Jeans, 

Passlontide. 

St. Catharine of Oenoa. 

St. Yenanttua. 

The Wedding Garment, 

Easter. 

St. Vincent. 

St. Victor. 

Decoll. of St. John Baptist. 

Passlontide. 

Evening. 
Pisslonlkle. 

Dirge of Emp, Leopoldluf, 
Holy Communion. 
Holy Commnuton. 



658 



LATIN, TRANSLATIONS PHOM THE 



Mist Lines. 



Ea Evangellstee adest . 
En ut superb* eriminum 
Erumpe tandem juste dolor » 
Ex nulice csritatle . • 
Exiit euniepfetlosus lofans ♦ 
Elite Sion 011m, Videte 
Exultemus et laetemnr, 



Etpm 



FteCbrlste, nostrt gratia (TaeChrlsti] . 
Fando quia endivitl? Dei 
Felix per omnes festum mnndl caidines. 
Felix eedee gretlae. Part of " Trinlta- 

tela slmpllcem * • 

Ferant vagautee deemonas. Part ol 

"Ales die] nunttaa.". 
Festivls resonent centlcs plauaibvs 
Festivls resonant compita voclbus. 
Festum Christ! Rex per orbem * 
Fit porta Christl pervia [see p. 6. 1.] 
Florem spine coronavlt. * . 
Freglt Adam lnterdictnm 
Fnndere preces tempus est * * 

Gaude prole, Greeds * . * 
Oaude, Kama, capnt mnndl . 
Gaude, Hon, et laetare ♦ 

Gande, Sion, quae diem reeolis 
Gaude, superna clvltas . 
Genovefae sollemnitee ♦ * . 

Gentls IWoniae gloria . . . , 
Gloriam sacrae celebremua omnes , , 
Gratianl grata sollemnltas . 
Gratulemur ad festivtun 
Gratulemur In bac die , 

Haec est dies qua candldae . 
Haec est dies anmme grata ■ 
Haec est dlea trlumpbalia * * 
Haec eetfldee orthodox* . . (ff) 
Haec est aancta sollemnttaa * 
Haeres peccati, nattua Slim ire* . 
Hlc eat dies verus Dei . * 
Hie Bains aegrls medlclna fessls. Part 

of "ChriBtecnnctoruin." . 
Hierueolem et Syon, See-'Jerusalem." 
Hoc Jussa quondam rumplinUB 
Hodiemae lux diei Sacrament! 
Hodieroae lux dlel Celebris In 
Horae persetus ciicultte. Tart of" Jam 

nos ...... 

Hue cum domo adveniati , . 
Hue vos o mlseri, snrda relinquite. 
Hvmnis dum resonat euria coelitum 
Hymuum dicamus Domino , » , 



Author*. 



XV. e. 
XIX. c. 
XVII. e. 

A. r, 

a. 

xvii. e. 

a. v, 

s. 
c 

XI. e. 



A. r. 
Prud. 



HImbs to puerpera » < . 
ILLnminens Altlsslmus , , , 

lllustra tno lumlne .... 

rmperaa saxo, latitanB repents 

Impune vatl non erlt lmpotens , ♦ 

In diebns celebrfbue .... 

In eadom specie vieum .... 

In excelala canitcr .... 

In hac valle lacbiynutrum . 

In natsle Selvitorls .... 

In profunda noctiB umlna 

In seplBotie disponec* omnia , . 

In terrls adbuc poeitmn 

In trlnmpbum mora ntutatur 

Xnolytl ^tres. DoEQli^eeqae mundl 

Inde est aniod omnes cndlmus. Part of 

" Ales dlel mintlus " . 
Infocmxla mea ftcna . . 
Intende nostrls preclbns 
Inter aeternae saperum coronas , 
Inter fldlphnret folgara tdjpiitis . 
Intrante CbilBto Bslhankam domnm 
Inventor rot! II dnx bone lnminEa . 
Tnvlotue beroB Xumlnle . . 
Iste qnem laeti colimua fldeles , 
Ite noctes. Ite nnbes , . , 
Itote popttll psallita 

Jactatoa undlB nanfragts. Fart of 

" Homo creatiia Innocens " . . XYJII. c 

Jam fasces lletor terat, et mlnantem * XVIII. c. 

Jam legis nmbra clmmtitnt . . . XI. c 

Jkmnimi* tenia, factnu, per ouint . X7U,e. 



(ff.) 



XIX. c. 

XI. 0. 
Amb. 
XVI. e. 
xir. c. 
XI. e. 

a. r. 

a. r. 

a. F. 

A. V, 

a. r. 
a. v. 

Y1I1. e. 
xix. e. 

a. y. 

a. v. 

a. v. 

v. 

xr.e. 

XYI,C 

'xi. c, 

A. V. 

Amtb.l 



3. 

XVI. e. 
A. V. 

XI. c. 

' C. 
8. 
VIII. c 

Bab. 
Amb. 

Avg. 



Latin Text 



Xat. Bret. 
1.9. . 
1. 

i- • 
b.g. 11. 

i». 1. 5. 6. 

/•?• ■ 

b. 9. it. 

a. b. < 
b.d.1 



a. b. a. 11. 



g. u. 



1.9. ■ 

Sfoz. J&jice. 
\. 1. 3. 5- 
1.7. . 
1. 
Mot. Bra. 

f. 1. 8. 
/. 1. 1. 1. 

h : 

/. 1. 3. 5. 
1.9. . 
itom. Bret. 

% • 
f. 1. 1*. 

/■ 

I. o. . 

1. 1- . 

t. I. . 

e.g. . 

f. m. 1. 1. 3. 



Translations, 



3.4. . 
6. 0*. il 

i. 
IT. 

M. 19. 
8. IB. n. 

31. 



29. 



4,24. 
t. i. 6. 
8. 



*4. 



IE. 



C. 

XV. e. 
A. Y. 
A. V, 
XVJ. e. 
A. V. 
XYIII. (. 
XII. c. 
A. 

xvrii. e, 
XVI 1 1, c. 

Frud. 

P. V.' 
XV. e. 

a. 

a. a. 

Frni. 
xvin. t. 
xvii. e. 
XVIII. t. 

XY.e. 



b. 9. 11. 
1.7. . 
/. 1. 1 J. 7, 



i], ([«»»(. »36.). 

6. 9. 11. 
b. 9. 11. 
1, J. 6. , 

b. 9. 11. , 
». 1. 1. J. 9. 



9. 11. 



b. 
1. 
/. 

I* 
1.9. 
j. 7. 

1 J. (clxmitt. l)»s) 

10. — 

9- 



5. 6*M. 
3. 

9. 34. (ieaa) 

2S. 
10. 
3. 

37. 
SI. 
27. 
37. 
37. 
27. 
5.20. 

e. e» 29, 

27. 
27. 

37. 

IS. 2», 

JS. 

21. 

t!i. 

20, 

27. 

3. 8. IS. 



24. 2S, 
17. 11. 
17. 27. 

3. 

29. 

«. 24. 25. 

24. 

8. 

24. 

«. 11. 24 

(1838) 
IB, 



g. 

e.g. . 

Mbx. Bnt. . 

9. 

ft. 9. 11. 

b. 9. 11. . 

6. *. I. J. o, 
I.o . 
I. 0, . 

1. 5, 6. 

Mo*. Brev. . 



1.9. 
». 1. 



24. 

IB. 20. 

27. 

27. 

IS. 

17. M. 27. 

30. 

10. W. 

IS. 
20. 



15. 

19. 

3. 

S. 

J. 34.38, 

2*. 

f. 

30, 

5.20. 

14.*/ 

3. 



Use or Snbject, 



St Luxe. 

Sacred Heart. 

Easter. 

Relics of St. Victor. 

Nat. of St John Bap. 

Crown of Thorns. 

St Andrew. 

Bpipbany, 
Passion Sunday. 
S3. Peter and Paul. 



St John. Evang. 

Bt Peter. 
For Confeseoi*. 
Precfons Blood. 
St Thomas, 
B.V. M. 
Cro?m of Thorns, 
diriatnus Carol 
Bvenlng. 

St. Denis. 
SS, Peter and Pan], 
St. Thomas of Cauty. 
St. Martin. 
St Marcellus. 
St. Qenerleve, 
St. John Cantlns. 
The Winding Sheet 
St. Gratlut. 
St John Evang. 
Assnmp. of 1*. V. M. 

St Theresa. 

Traaangoratton. 

Faster. 

The True Creed. 

Easter. 

Epitaph of A. of St. Victor. 

Easter. 

Dedication of Chnrch. 

Transfiguration, 
H, Communion. 
B.V. M, 

Morning. 

B, V. M, it Loretto. 

Epiphany. 

AllSainta. 

Pessloatide. 

Compassion of B. V. M, 
Epiphany. 



Life Everlasting. 

St. Emygdiue. 

liecoll. of St. John llajitiet 

Com. of Saints. 

Cbristnus. 

St. Michael, 

Christmas. 

St. John Nepamucea. 

Life of Jesus. 

Ascension. 

Festival of Martjrs. 

Confessors. 

Watchfulness. 

Penitence. 

Morning or Erening, 

St Benedict 

Whitsunday. 

LLzaroa visited by Christ, 

1st S. after Oct of Ephy . 

St John Nepomitcen. 

St Joseplr. 

Easter. 

83. Simon and Jnde. 



Forward through Trials. 
St. John Nepomucen. 
Maundy Thursday. 



LATIN, TRANSLATIONS FBOM THE 



65» 



First Lines. 


Autbors. 


Latin Text. 


Translations, 


Uee or Subject. 


Jam nos sccundae praomonot . 


XL c 


ij. {boncvi. 941). 


a. 


Morning. 
Com. of Dootora. 


jam nunc quae numeral* p * * 


a. 


0. o> 11. 


S. 19. M. 


Jam puis* ccduut nublla. Fart of 










"Keginacoell" 


xni.c.t 


1. (it. p. SSB> 


1». 


Easter, 


Jam satis fluxlt cruor hostlarum . 


xviii, t. 


b. 11. . . 


11. Si. . 


Com. of Presbrters. 


Jam sexta aeuslm solvitur , , , 


■ VI. c. 


«. m. 1. 


s. 


Mid-day. 


Jam eurglt Son tenia .... 


Jmb.m 


e. 1. 9. 


». 31. C183S.). 


Tsrce. 


Jerusalem et Rion flllee < 


/. 1. 1. J. 1- 


SI. 47. XI. 


DedJc. vf Cunrcu 


Jesse vlrgsm bnmldavlt 


A. r. 


/.1. 1.7- • ■ 


M. 


B.V. M. 


Jesu ckmenSj pie Daua . < 


« ■ 




11. . 


To Curlet. 


Jesu Corona martyrum ♦ . 


, 


• , , 


89., 


St. Emyedlus. 

Jesua, fountain of Love. 


Jesu du!« medicamen .... 


XI V. c. 


1. 1. j. 10. , 


to. 


Jean, manna* pedes, caput . 

Jesu nseae delfdae .... 


xvm. c. 


t, , 


26. 


Pkasiontlde. 


x via. c 


1. 


23. 


Pasalontlde. 


jcsu, noble miserere* .... 


, 


. * 


31. 


Hoi j Commnnton. 


Jesu nostra refectio . . . ♦ 


XY.c. 


t. 1. , . 


11. 


Holy Communion. 


Jesus relutslt omnium .... 


a— y. 


h.1.1. 


e. 


Eplpbany. 
St. Victor. 


Jean, tuorum milltuin .... 


A. V. 


f. . . . 


1). 


Jubllemns cordis voce .... 


A'V.c. 


!■'• 


1». 


Holy Trinity. 


Jnbllemua Salvatorl, Quern . 


A. V. 


/, -j. ». . . 


29, ST. , 


Christmas. 


Jabilemus S&lvatorl, (Jul apem . 


A. V. 


/. . . . 


1&. 21. . 


Conv. of St. Paul, 


Juste Judex Jeau Christe . 


XII. e. 


1. 


10. 


Lent 


Laetabuudl JubUemus, Ao devote 


A. V, 


/. . . . 


IS. 17. . 


Com. of Martyrs. 


Laete qules magnl ducla . . . 


XV. c. 


1. 1. 7. 


t. 


St. Benedict. 


Laetare, Puerpera, Laeta . ♦ 


XT.e. 


7. 


H. 


Christmas. 


Laetetur hodie matrla ecclestao 


XV. c. 


1. 7. 9. 


35. 


Transfiguration. 
St. Bartholomew. 


Laudemus omnee Lnclyta » 


A. V, 


f.i. . . . 


27. 


Laudantee trluiuphantem Christum 


in 


I. a. 7. 


14. i* . 


Easter. 


Laudee Chriato cum cantlcla , . 


AskmoUXS., ISIS. 


S. *♦ . 


St. Mary Magdolcne. 


Laudea Deo devotes .... 


mm 

XVI. c 


b. d. 7. 3. . 


3. 21, 86. 


Whitsuntide. 


Laudee Deo, dlcat per cmoU- 
Laus erampat ex anectu ' * 


1.7. . 


IS. 


Transfiguration. 


a. r. 


/. 1. 7. . ■ 


27. 


St. Michael and All Angela. 


Laus alt rejg gloriae .... 
Lara Tibl CarlBte qui ea Creator . 


XV. c. 


J. 7- . 


18. 


Tee Sacred Wounds. 


GTig(r) 


J. I. J. 7. . 


19. 


Praise to Christ 


lignum cruets ralrabtle 


. b-i. J. 9. . 


21. 


H. Croes. 


Lode LargftOT aplendide 


H~y. 


g. m. 1. 1. 4. 5. 6. 


8. 13. . 


Morning. 

Nat. ofB. V, M, 


Lux advenlt vouemnda Lux . 


A. V. 


/. 1. 7. 


M. 1). , 


Lux est lata trinmphalis 


A. V. 


y. . . . 


2C 


SSLBetsr and Paul. 


Lux est urte geutlbns . 


A. V. 


f-1. • . . 


ir. 25. 27. . 


Epiphany. 
Easter. 


Lux ilhixit domlnlca . « . , 


A. V. 


/•!■ . . • 


IE. IT, . 


Magiater cum uiecipulla < . . 


XIV. c. 


2. , . . 


21. 


H. Communion. 


Magne pater Augustine 


a. r. 


/. 1. i.j. 9. 


IV. 


St. Augustine. 


Magno aelutts guudio < < < 


Greg. 


1. }. 9. 


9. 


Palm Sunday. 


Magnum nobis gaudlum 
Majesteti sactosenctae . 


XVI. c. 




2*. 


Epiphany. 


XV. e. 


e. 1. 7, 10, . 


18. 25. , 


Epiphany, 


Maria castle oculia. Tart of "Magno 










salutis" 


. 


b. 1.9. , 


I. i. 29. 


St. Mary Magdalene. 


Maria sacra aaucla- vulnere . . 


s. 


b. 9. 11. 


24. 


St. Mary Magdalene. 


Martlnae celehrt plaudite nominl , 


u. 


1.3.9. 


5. 29. n* 


St. Martina. 


Martyr Del Venentlus .... 


XYII. 0. 


1. 9- • 


5. 19. »* 


St. Veuantius, 


Martyris (Wregll, trlumplioa , 
Mertyrta Victoria laudee resonant chris- 


A. 7.(0 


/.*.]. 


27. 


St. Vincent, 










tian! ...... 


A. V. (0 


/. . . . 


37. 


Bt. Victor. 


Matris cur vlrglnetun .... 




* * m » 


6. 


Compassion 8. T. M. 


Matrle nib attuae numlne . 


, , 


• • * > 


29. 


Confeuoni, 


Me reeeptet Slon 111* . . . (a) 


, . 


t. B- 4- 


13. 15 . 


The Heavenly City. 


Merldio orandum est . 


/Ie. 


i.i. . . 


e. 


At Sext. 


Mllle quern stlpant Boll* eedsntem. 


& 


9. ij. . . , 


24. . 


St. Michael and All Angela, 


Mlrla modlx repents. Part of " Felix 










per" 

Miami GaWel do coalls 


a. 


b. r. 9. , 


5. 19. . 


St. Peter'a Chatna. 


A v. CO 


/. 1. 1. 7. . 


19. M. IT. . 


Chrlstmae. 


Mltls Agnus, Leo fonts , 


XI. c. 


e. g. 1, 10. , 


15. 1H. 21. . 


l¥rter. 


Holies in agnoB, ceu lupus . . 


xvn. e. 


a. b. 9, 11. , 


T. M, . 


If . Innocents, 


Monns auguts noe omnes in lumldg Aftoe 


xiv. e. 


1. 7. . 


11. , 


H. Communion. 


Hortale, coclo totle, genua, caput . 
Mortem ei Intnllt lerox. Part of ■* Mar- 


c. 


0. 9. 11. • 


14. 


Nat. and Cone of B. V. M. 










tyris victoris u . * 


v-^ 


/. . . . 


17. 


St. Victor. 


Mortis portis frsctis, fortls . 


(.«.«. 


8. 26. . 


Easter. 


Multl aunt jiresbyterl .... 


XIV. c 


14. . • * 


19. 


Duty of the Clergy. 
St. Martha. 


Mundi decor, mnndl forma . , 


XV. c. 


7. 8. 9, 


18. 


Muudo novum Jus dicero . . 


XVIII. c. 


e. 1 . 


£5. 


Whitsuntide. 


Kate Fatrl coaequalia . . . {£.) 


, 


c. ff. m. . 


13. 15. . 


GodthsSon. 


Nate qui Deo Perentl .... 

Natus iPereutl reddltus .... 


s. 


9. ■ . 


11. 


Beparatlon to 11, H, Sao. 


8. 


a. 9. 11. 


1. 


SS. Philip aud James. 


Nobis Sancti EMrltua gratia alt data . 
Kon 111am crnglane. Part of "Martluae" 


XIV.C, 


1. . , . 


5. 


Whitsuntide. 






B. 


St. Martina, 


Kon vana dllectum gregem . . 


B.Q, 


b. 9. 11, 1 


J4. , 


C. of Viijdns. 


Novamne daa meecn Deue ? . . , 


. 


. 1 . . 


S, 


Separation to M, H+ Sao, 


KotI partus gaudlum , . , . 


XIT.H. 


6. 14* . • . 


1*. 


Christmas. 


Novum sidus exorltur .... 


Xv.c 


e. 1. 1. , 


ts. , 


Transfiguration, 


Noxlum Christue almul tntrolvlt . 


B. 


&. 9. ■ . 


it. , 


Circumcision. 


Nnlllstegenltorblandittlatrahlt . 
Nunc novTs CHristmi eelebretur brmnla 


V. 


1.9. . 


i. . 


St. Hermeneglld, 


XVIII. e. 


*. . . . 


IB. . . 


Easter. 


Nime T» OeMllbns oondnuiius modla . 


. 




t. 


Bepantlon to M. H. Sac. 
Kpipbany. 


Nuntlnm vobie tero de snpernlt , 


Ortg.{_t) 


•a. 6. 8. , 


MS. . . 



660 



LATIN, TBANSLATIONS FEOM THE 



First Lines, 



Authors. Latin Text. Translations. 



oolenda Delta* . . , , 

cruclfer bone, lucisator , , 

crux qui sola languentes, see Crux sols 

O gens bests eoelltum .... 

O mm teats, on*** suo .... 

Jesu dnlclsslme, cibus sslutarls. 

O Jesu dolcissime, Jesu dilectissime 

Mails, Stella marls, Hetate 

D Nazarene, lux Bethlehem , 

nox vel medio splendidtor die « h 

Pards duleisslme, O fldelie. 

O pulchras soles, cestraque fbrtla . 

quam glorincnm, solum sedere . h 

qui supeniae gsudta patriae • 

O sscerdDtum veneranda Jura 

salutarls fulgsns Stella marls , h 

O sancta praesepis tui. Part of " Quid 

est" 

O venertnda Trlnitas laudanda . 
virgo pectus cul sacrum » . . 
tos aetherei, plaudite, elves 
vos unanlmes Chrlstiadum ctaorl 
Omnes rentes plaudite, Festo chores 
Omnia SabBmus in Cbrlato* . 
Omnibus raanat croor ecce venis , 
Omnipotent Domino , , , , 
Omnia ndeiis gaudest .... 
Orabo meats Dominum(soe p, 1*4, l.) . 
Orbis totua Unda loins .... 



(fll) 



Pallid! tandem procut hlnc tlmores 
Pandltur ssxo tumulus remote 
Pangat cboros In bso die . * 
Panae lingua glorlosae lsnceae 
Paula deacendena coelltus 
Paraclitus Increstus . 
Paranymphna salutat virginem 
Parendum est, cedendqm est . 
Paschali Jubllo sonent pneconia 
Fastis vlsoeribua dboque sampto 
Paulas Slon archltectuB. 
Feccatorlntneberia. Part of" Quid est." 
Per pacem ad lucem* . 
Per uuiue casnm granl . 
Perfusus ora Ischrymis 
Pia mater plsngat ecclesl* 
Plscatores homlnum (see ,L Viri venera- 

blles") 

Flagls Maglstrl saucla . 
Flange, Slon, muta vocem . , 
Flaude festlvo, pis gens, bonore , 
Plsudlte Coeli, Bluest aether. 

Pone lactam Magdelena 
Portss veBtras aetemataa , , 
Postquam hoetem et Interna . 
Poetqnam Puetiae dies quadragesimus 
Potestate, non natura . 
Praeclara custos virglnum , . 
Praeclara septem iumina , 
Praeclarnm Cbrlsti roliltem . 
PraecurBorem summl regis . , 
Press! malorum ponuere , , 
Prima victricis fldei corona , . 
Frocul malignl eedlte splritus , 
Profltentes unitstem . , ■ 
Prides Parentis opttrol , 
Promat pia von cantoris , 
Prome casta concio cantlc* organa 
Promissa, teitus, condpe gaudia , 
Prope est clarltndinis magnae dies 
Pranls datum sdmiremur . , 
Pner nobis nascitur , , 
Pulchra res ietum. Part of" Script* snnt" 



Qua lapsn tadto Stella loquactbus . 
Quaensm lingua Ubi, lanoea, dsbltae 
Quaeeumua ergo Deus ut sereno. fart 

of " Christe cunctornm M , 
Quam, Cbriste, slgnsgti vism 
( nam diiect* tabernxcula 
uusutis micas honorfbns , 
Quem nox, quem teuebrae . 
C ui Chrletisno glorixutur Damlne 
Qui mature solst grsndibus Innme 
I u! tlob cress solus Pater • 
( at Te Deus snb Intlmo , 
(|ufennqu« sinus vlven . 



xr.c. 

PrvA. 

XV11. e. 

S. 
xr. c. 

xv. t. 

A. V. 
Pnid. 

X. 
XIII, c 

S. 
XT. e. 

XYUI.'c. 

jv, t. 

Prud. 

XI. c. 

M, 

8. 

S.B. 

XIII. t. 



s. 
xv. t. 

XV. e. 
A. V. 



st. r. 4. s. ft. 

a. J.j. 11 
1. 

2. 

/. 7, ". 
I. j. . 
Sou Bros. 
r.n. 
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n, 1. , 

b. 11. . 
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9. II. 
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S.C. 
A. V. 

xviii. «. 

XIV. c 

A. V. (>) 

XVII. e. 

XVIII. e. 
Frad. 

XIII. e . 
Frud. 



A. V. (f) 
Com. 
A. V. 



B.8. 
XVIII. c 



XVII. c 

XVII. e. 
XVI. c 

A. V. 

P. 

A. V. 

XVIII. c. 

XVIII. c. 
XV. c 
A. V. 



XVIII. c. 

3. 

A. V. 

Bwh. 

A.Y.(f) 

X.c. 

B. 

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a. v. 
xv. c. 
Prud, 

c. 

XIX. c. 



s. 

A, V. 
XVIII. «. 

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b. 9. 11. 

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b. 9. 11. 



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id. 

SI. 

«. 
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SI. 
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Jl. 13. 
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1». 2S, 
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13. 
21. St. 

6, 

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6. 

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Use or Subject. 



S.t3.18.2S.cr* 

18, 

18. 25. 21, 

e* 

IS. 27. . 
5.29. . 
29. 
3. 
27. 



M. 
24. 

IS. 27, . 

IS. 

SI. 

12. 

8. 2t 2S, 

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Ev. Offici 1)48 
13. 



4. 24. M. 

5. d* 29. 

S. 

8. 24. . 

19. 22. 28, M, 

21. ». . 
8.24, . 
3. 21. . 

39. 

24. 

8. I, 24. 



Holy Communion. 

G. before Meat. (Easter.) 

H. Cross. 

The Joy of the Saint*, 

C of H. Women. 

Poet Communion. 

Evening. 

Monday in Lent 

Christmas, 

II. Communion. 

C. of Abbots, *c 

To Christ. 

St. Vincent of Psul. 

Unbelief of Israel. 

Com. of Presbyters. 

Visit, of B. V. M, 
Holy Trinity. 
C of Virgins. 
Aasnmrp. of B. V. M. 
Oct. of AtlSsints. 
Ascension, 
Christ All In All. 
Dscoil. of St. John Dtp. 
St. Andrew. 
Face of Christ, 



St. Gabriel. 

Lasarus visited by Christ. 

St. James the Greater. 

The Lance. 

Holy Communion. 

Whitsuntide. 

Annunc. li. V. M. 

Farewell to the World. 

Lance and Nails. 

Easter. Thanks after Moat, 

Conv. of St. Paul. 

Advent, 

Best and Peace in Truth, 

St Qulntin. 

St. Martin, 

St. Thomas of Canty. 

Christ to His Ministers. 
St, Mary Magdalene, 
Act of Reparation. 
Our Lady of Good Counsel, 
Easter. 

Easter. 

Ascension. 

Ascension. 

Purif. ofB.r,M. 

Christmas. 

Immaculate Conception. 

Confessors. 

St. Matthew. 

Beheading of St. John Hap, 

St. Paul. 

Epiphany. 

St. Mary Magdalene. 

Trinity Sunday, 

Morning. 

St. Giles. 

Eester. 

Ascension. 

Advent. 

St. Lawrence. 

Christmas, 

Martyrs. 

Epipbsny. 
Lance and Nails. 

Dedication of a Church. 
C of Martyrs, 
lied, of Church. 
Com. of Presbyters. 
St. John Evsng. 
St, Peter In Prison. 
St. Vincent of Paul. 
SundsysSnpt. to Lent, 
C. of Just Men, 
St, Joseph, 



LATIN, TBAKSLATIOHB fBOM THE 



061 



Mist Li au. 



1 est quod artum drculnm ■ . 
I mora nectl*? Domino Jubeat* 
, obatlnata pectora. 
1 to, relictla nrMbu [Quam pura] . 
ild tyranne, quid mlnans . 
" "quid antlqul cadnere vatas < 
1 tempos adeet . 
uuia debit profunda noatro * • 
Quls llle syivis e penetralibua 
Quia novne, ooells, agltur triumphus 
Quo me, Deua, amo» . . , 
Uuodcunque to orbe. Pt. of " Felix per ' 
Quos pomp* saecall, quo* opes 

Reccdamua sacram coenam ♦ ■ 
Reddltum loci, Domino vocante . 
Bedaundo per gyrum . 
Regall aolio forUB lberiae 
Begin* coelljnblle 
Regis et pontlficls 
Begta superni mintis . 
Regius Paternla detritus 
Hemfniaeena beet! aangulnta , 
Resonet in Laudibus " . 
Ram* Petro glorietur , 
Rosa novum daDB odonm 



Authors, 



Frud. 

C. 

8. 

S. 

D.t 

XV. t. 

XI. t. 



c. 



Bacram venlte auppllces 
fiacrata Cbrlsti tempera 
Bacrata libri dogmata . 
Baepe corde tepido et arido aecedimua* 
Baepe dim Cbriett popnlns cruentis 
Stive, crnx, arbor vitas praedara . 
Salve crnx aancta, arbor dlgna . * 
Salvo crnx aancta, salve nmndl , 
Salve, dies dierum glort* . • 
Salve, mater Salvatorla. . , , 
Salve BtlnbeiTlmt, Tu sains tntenonim 
Salve, aancta csro Pel «... 
Salve aancta fides noatrt Bedemptorls , 
Salve sanguis Salvatorla , 

Salve, Boavia et fonnoee , , , 
Salve tropaeum gloriae , , 

Sanctl visu oohunMno ♦ 
Sanctorum merltja jungat pmeoonl* 
Script* aunt coelo dnerum martyrum . 
Bexta puaus ferl* * » < 

SI vie Patronum quaerete , 
81 via vere glorlarl * * » 

Blent chorda muslcorum. PLof u Pmnfa 

datum" 

Slgnum novi Crnx foederia . 
Slgnum pretloaua, slgnum crucis*. 
Simplex in essentia , , , 
Spedosus forma pros natls nomtnnm 
Splrltna paraelitus 
Splendor Petrls et flgura * , 
Btupete gentee : fit Dens bostia . 
Sudors eat tuo fides , , . 
BnmmtB ad aatra laudlbua , 

Snpplex sacramus cantlcnm , , 
Burgentee ad Te Domine . * 
Suigtt Cbcittos coin trophaea 



XTIII. c. 

XI. e. 

C. 

XIV. c. 

s. a 
xiv, v. 

u. 
XVII. e. 

A. F.« 

S. 
XYLt. 
XIV. e. 

a. r. 

A. 7. CO 
XIX. t. 

vuit. 
Hart. 



Latin Text. 



a. t. o, ii, 
a.q.11. 
(t. ta. i. *. 5. 

9- 

Jfiw, Bret. 



b. 9. 11. 



6. 10. 



Tandem flncttui, tandem luctua . 
Te deprecante corpornm * , 
Te Joseph celehrent agmlna Coelltum 
T» inater nlma Uuminle 
Te prindpem, eummo Dena , • 
Te quanta, victor funerie , « 
Te amcte Jeena mens mea . 
Templnm cordis adonuoinB . , 
Totam Dena In Te apeto . . (B. 
Trl* dun* Begea femnt. Part of ■■ Tirgi 

nutei." 

Mbue algnia Deo dtgnie 
TWnltatem reaerat aqnll* . 
Trlnltatem stmpllcem . • 
Trlnmphalta Inx illnxlt 
Tn aa certe qnem habeo . , 
Tn natale sofnm protean, tu botue 
To. qnem prae rellqnia CbTtstoe amaverat 
Tnba Syonjncnndetnr . 
Turbam Jacentem panparum 



Vi nunc, ab alto, praevia 
Vt *ol decero aUeie ■ 



XIX. e. 

A. V. 

XI. e. 

XI. c. 
A. V. 

A. V. 
XIV. c 

XII. c 

XIV. c 

XV. c 
XV. e. 

B. V. 
XV. c 

XV. e. 
Prod. 

a. r. 



XIV. c. 



a. r. 

s. 



A. V. 
XV. c, 

A V.(f) 
A. V. 

3. 
8.0. 

XVIII. c, 

xix. t. 

IX. c. 

xv. e. 

XVII. e. 

XVIII. c 

XVII. c. 
XVIII. c 

a 

XVIII. <s. 
F. 

A. V. 



A. V. 
Bltrt. 

*M 

xiv. t. 

V. 
8. 

a. r. (f) 



1. . 
o.9> • 
rmit-B. 9. 

1. *. 1. 
b. 9. it. 
1.1.7. 
1. j. 9, 
1. 

/. • 
1. o, . 
b. 9. 11. 
UtTcchtM., 
I. J. 4. J. 6. 

$*: 



iuo 

to. 



JSu. Srtv. t. 
1. 1. J. 



I. 

/. 1. J. 1. 
1.1.7. 

c y. 1. 1, 9, 

*./. 1. j. 7. 

I. 

1. 1. . 

1. 1. 3. 7. 

J. 

L, 

a, m. i. 

V- : 

jib*. Im, 



e. 1. 7. 

c./. «. 7. 
t. 9. 11. 



e./. 1. 7. 

/. 1. 7. 
1. 
*. 9. 11. 

IfflanBm, 
t. h. 1. 1. }. 

1- 



n. 1. 

b. 1. 

1. 

a.b. 



9- 
9. 11. 



eg. 1 

V" 

/.I. 

1. 
1. 9. 

b.0. 

/■ 



1.7. 
II. 



Tianalatlons. 



is. w. aa, 

it. 

t. M. 

G. 18. 34, 

IS. IS. 

G. 

3. 

fi. 



II. 31. 

1.29. 

a*. 

17. IL 

n. 

19. 

5. 29. »< 

1». 

«. 

(.99. 

M. 



11. II. 
3. 
SI. 
21. 

S. 

IS. 

1«. 

21. 



B. 29. 

21. 

2!. 

1. 

21. 

2T. 

6.11. 

21. 

6. 

21. 

21. 



13.25. 
IS. 

c 

13. 

29. 21. 
i. 
13. 18. 



II. 2S. 



8. M. 

21. 

21. 



27. 

28. 

21. 

21. 

4.24. 

S. 21. 

29, ' 

3. 

E. 

20. 

19. 
6.29. 

a. 29. t 

5. St. 
3.C. T. 

2S. 
16. 



a). 

16. 18. 

89.21. 
19. 
27. 
i7. 
27. 
21. 
S. 9». 
«. U. 



27. 
29. 



29, 

at. 



Uie or Subject. 



ChrtBtmaa. 

Nut. of St. John Baptist 

St. Stephen. 

C. of Abbots, fa. 

Christian Courage. 

St. Benedict. 

Evening. 

Keparation to H. H. Sac 

Decoll. St. John saptiet, 

St. Vincent of P*nl. 

H. Communion. 

St Petet'e Chair. 

St. Joseph, Hneb. of B.V Jt 

H. Commnnion, 
Laxarus visited by Christ. 
The Theban Legfou. 
St. Henneneglld. 



CroTvn of Thorn*. 

St. Theresa. 

SS. Riilip and Jamea. 

PaaslontLde. 

Chiiatmaa. 

SS. Peter and Paul. 

St. Stephen. 

St. Joseph Calaaanctlna. 

S. after Ascenalon. 

Before Renting the Gospel. 

Perseverance. 

B.V.M. HelpofCbiietns. 

Exaltation of the Cross, 

H. Cross. 

Invention of the Cross, 

Easter. 

.Nat. B. V. M. 

Prep, for H, Communion. 

Holy Communion. 

Face of Jeaua Christ 

Holy Communion. 

Holy Communion. 

Oood Friday. H. Ctobs. 

St Augustine. 

H. Innocenta. 

SS. EmeterluB & Celedonius. 

Eaater. 

St reter. 

Hie Crown of Tbornj. 

Martyrdomof St Lawrence 

Altar of the Cross, 

TieeofLife. 

Whitsuntide. 

Tranaflguratlon, 

Whitsuntide. 

Christmas. 

Purification of B. V. M. 

St. Paul. 

St. Catharine of Genoa. 

Circumcision, 

Midnight. 

Easter. 

Advent 

St. John Oantins. 

St, Joseph. 

Maternity of B. V. M, 

Tuesday. Lands. 

Eaater. 

Love to Chrlat 

Purification of B. V. M. 

Faith. 

Epiphany, 



St Jobn~EvangeUst 

Holy Trinity. 

St Vincent 

H. Communion. 

St Martin*. 

St John Evangellat. 

St. Margaret, 

St. Catharine of flfciii. 



St Vincent of Paul. 
OonoentWB B. f. M. 



662 



LATIN, TRANSLATIONS FROM THE 



First Lines. 


Authors. 


Latin Text. 


Translations. 


Use or Subject. 


Vugttus Hie exordium. Fart of " Quid 












PmJ. 


g. 


IS. , 


Christmas, 


Vetierando praesull Bemlglo. , 


A, r. (n 


f. . . . 


ST. . . 


St. Remlgliis, 


Veal Creator Spiritas, Spirivas recreatar 


XVI. c. 


C. 9H* • < 


It. 16. . 


Whitsuntide. 


Venl swume GaosoUtor 


A. Y. 


/. . . . 


19. 2ft. 11. . 


Whitsuntide, 


Venl, venl, Rex glorlae , * 


XV. c. 


a. , 


10. 


Advent. 


Verb! vere subst&ntlvi , , , . 


A. V. 


c/. . . . 


19. 21. . 


St. John Evangelist. 


Verbum prodiens a Patre 


XIV. c. 


i. 


21. 


H. Communion. 


Virginia in gremlo Nato Dei Fllio. 


x/.t 


i. 1.1. 


IT. 20. . 


Christmas. 


Virgo, mater Salvatoris , * 
Vln venerabiles eaoerdotes Dei . 


a. v. 


/. . . . 


27. 


B.V. M. 


J£ap, 


t * 


6. 


Ad Clerum. 


Vita per quam vivo . 


Aug. 


g. 


IS. . . 


Jesus, tbe Life. 


Vix in sepulcro condltur 


XVIII. c. 


1.9. . 


». 


St. John Nepomucen. 


Voa sanctl proceres, voa superum chorl. 


& 


9. 11. . . . 
b. 9. 11. 


». . . 


All Saints. 


Vos succenss Deo splendida lamina 


s. 


6. 24. . 


C of Doctors. 


Voi dank terria nae gravl , 


XVIII. e. 


e. * 


fc*. 

1 


Advent. 



In tlie foregoing list tho trs. marked o*, 6*, 
0*, &o., are as follows : — 

a*. In the Rem. Bret, in Bngtith, by tlie Marquess 
of Bote, mo, 

b*. In 0. Shipley's Annus Sanctut, 1S84, by T. J. 
rotter. 

c*. In the iiotn. Bret, in JEnglith, 1979. 

d*. I11 the same. 

e?. In the Church Tina, Jan. 39. 198T, by W. C. Mi. 

/*. In Neale and Littledale'e Commentary on. Uie 
Pialms. vol. ill. 187), Pe, xevi. 12. 

a*. In Dr. Schaffa CKritt in Sung, 19S9, by Dr. E. A. 
Washburn of New York, June 1868. 

a*. In the Cnureh Tina, May 23, 1889, by Dr. 
Llttteasle. 

i*. In the Chunk Timet, April a, 1BB5, by Dr. 
Littledsle. 

ft*. InO. Shipley's Annus Sanctut, by H.I, D. Kyder. 

si*. In LoIUe's Latin Tear, 1913, p. 327. 

b*. Primer, 1182. 

We have alio to note that — 

(1) The, three tort, from St. Augustine {Aug.) in the 
foregoing liat are metrical paraphrases of portions of 
his prose works. 

(2) Those lines which are given thus: " De ascensions 
Domini*," are not the frst lines of Latin hymns, but 
are Latin titles which preface English hymns In a few 
works. These titles are retained In tills list that the 
origin of the hymns bo prefaced may be dearly defined. 

(3) Those hymns matked A. V. (?) are noted by 
M. Leon Gautier in his 2nd ed. of the (Buvret Poettqitet 
d'ddam de St. Victor, 1881, as falsely attributed to 
that author. 

In addition to searching this list for trans- 
lations, the Index to Latin first lines should 
also be consulted, ns numerous hymns (as 
known to the general reader) are either taken 
from longer hyinna, or are altered forms of the 
authors' texts. The following Hat of recent 
collections of Latin Hymns and Sequences, 
'which are not indexed 00 p. 656, is added 
here for tho convenience of students : — 

1. Dit Tropen- Proten- und Prcifations-Getunge det 
feierlichcn Hochamta in Mitttlalter. By Ad. Reiners. 
Luxemburg, 19S4. 

2. Mymn\ tt Sequential . . . itikk es liort* impretsit 
et ex todicibut manwecrtytis taeculojvm a fa. utqxe ad 
?Bi. partim pott JT. Fiaeii lUyrici curat congeteit, ifcc. 
By Gustiv Milchsack. Pt. I. Halle, 1980. 

s. Cantionet Hohstateae. Lticlw, Lieder and Eufe 
dee IS. 14. und IS. Jdhrhundertt, rfc. By (J, Si. 
Dreves. Lelpiis, 1880. 

4. Laieinische Sgnncn det AfittelaZtert. ByF. W. E. 
E'jtb, Augsburg, 1987. 

5. HymnQriwt Moissiozcnsix. Das nymnar der 
Abtei Moitsac in 10. Jahrhundert. Narh tiner Hand- 
tchrift der Soetiana. 7m Anhange: a. Carmijia 
tcholarium CatApensium. b. CantUma Vitseoradenses. 
By Q. M. Dreves. Leipilg, 1888. [J. J.] 

• Landa mater eoolesla, St Odo of 

Clang. [S(. Mary Magdalene^ This is tlie 
companion to " Attorni Patris Unice" (q.v.), 
and, like it, is found in an lltli cent, jib. in tlie 



British Museum (Vesp. D. xii, f. 1536X these 
two hymns being written in a hand of the 
12th cent. It is also in a 13tli cent. us. iu tho 
Bodleian (Ashmole, 1525, f. 1686). In tho 
York Brev. of 1493 it is the hymn at "Vespers 
on the festival of St. Mary Magduleiip. Tho 
text is also in Mane, No. 1063 ; Daniel, i., No. 
190, with further notea at iv. p. 2i4; Neale's 
Hynrni Eeeleeiae, 1851, p. 193; Card. New- 
man's Bymni EccleHae, 1838 and 1805 ; and 
others. Tr. as : — 

1. Built, Mother Churoh, to-iaj. By J. M. 
Neale, in his Mediaeval Hys.. 1651, p, 27 ; in the 
Appendix to \a& Hymnal N., 1882, the Day Hours 
of the Church of England, aud others. 

3. Churoh, our Uether, apeak His praise, By 
J. D. Chambers, in his Lauda Syon^ pt. ii., 186b' } 
p. 90, and repented in the People 1 ^ IT., 1867. 

Another tr. itr — Praise, dearest Church and Mother, 
praise. W. J. Blew. 1952-55. [J. jj.] 

Xiauda Sion Salvatorem. St. Thoma» 
of Aquino. {Holy Communion.') This i* tine 
of the four Sequences which are alone retimed 
in the revised Soman Missal, 1570, and later 
editions. It Beems to have been written about 
1260 for the Mass of the festival of Corpus 
Christi. For this festival St. Thomas, at the 
request of Pope Urban IV., drew up in 1263 
the offio in the Soman Breviary ; and pro- 
bably also that iu the Soman Missal. In 
fonn this Sequence is an imitation of tho 
" Laudes cruois altoUamus " (q. v.), and con- 
sists of 9 stanzas of 6 lines, followed by 2 of 8 
and then 1 of 10 lines. Among early Missals 
it is found in a French missal of the end of 
tho 13th cent. (A/Id. 23935 f. 11 6), and a 
14th cent. Sens (Add. 30058 f. 83 6) i» the 
British Museum; in a Sarum,c. 1370 (Bar- 
low 5, p. 256); a Hereford, o. 1370; a York, 
a. 1390, and a Soman of the end of the 13th 
cent. (lAtmrg. Misc. 351 f. 58 6), all now iu 
the Bodleian : in the St. Andrew's Missal 
(printed ed. 1864, p. 213) ; in tho Magdeburg 
of 1480, and many other German MigsaU, Ac. 
Its use was primarily for Corpus Christi ; but 
in the Sarum use st. xi., xii. ("Ecco panis 
augelorum ") might be used during the octave. 
In tbe York use the complete form was used 
on Corpus Christi, abd during the octave it 
was divided into three parts said mi succeeding 
days, viz. (1) bL i.-iv. ; (2) v.-viii. (" Quod in 
cotna Christus gessit"), and (3) ix.-xii. 
(" Sumuut ljoni, sumunt mali "), It has often 
been used as a Processional ; at tho Benedict- 



LAUDA SION SALVATOREM 

tion of the Blessed Sacrament (especially st. 
xi. xii.)t and other occasions. The printed 
text Is also In Mane, No. 210 ; Wackernagel, i., 
No. 230; Daniel, ii. !)7. and v. 78 ; Keltrein, 
No. 150 ; Bidder, No. 100 ; March's Lot. My*., 
1875, p. 165, &c. The text, with a full com- 
mentary, is given in Dr. J. Kaiser's BeitrUge 
tnr Gescfticto ttnd -SrHoVunn' <J«* iiltesleii 
iKrcA«»iynnie», voL ii, 1886, pp. 77-109. 

As A historical document, and an example of barmo* 
ntous and easy rhythmic flow of vera combined with 
Um most definite doctrinal teaching, this sequence is of 
great interest. Considered however as a hymn far pre- 
sent day use (especially If for use in the Reformed 
Churches) the case is entirely different. Mane charac- 
terises it as "a dogmatic dldaclfc poem on the Holy 
Communion;" and Ktkvtin as a "severely dogmatic 
sequence/ 1 It Js In fact a doctrinal treatise In rljyrnett 
verse, setting iorth the theory of Traneubstsntliitlon 
at length and in precise detail. In stanza vil. therefuBal 
of the cup to the laity Is implied in the assertion that 
the whole Christ is given [n either species ; — 
" Sub divcrsis speclebus, 

Slgnls tamen et non rebus 

Latent res eximiae : 

Caro elbua, sanguis potiie, 

Manet tamen Chdstue totus 

Sub utrnqoe specie," 

This, )a Canon Oaketey's tr., 1850, reads s- 
" Beneath two differing species 
(Sfgw only, not their substances) 
Lie mysieries deep and rure j 
His Flesh the meat, the drink his Blood, 
Yet Christ entire, our heavenly food. 
Beneath each kind is there." 

Again In st, x. St, Thomas is very definite and em- 
phatic in his warnings— 

" Fracto demum sacramento 
Ne vacllles, sed memento, 
Tuntum esse sub fragmento, 
Quantum toto tegitur. 
SulJa rel fit sefssura. 
Sign! tantnm fit fractura 
Qua ncc status nee statura 
Slgnati mlnuitur," 

This is tr. by Canon Oekeley as t— 

" Nor be thy faith confounded, though 
The Sacrament be broke { for hnuw. 
The life which In the whole doth glow, 
In every part reniiiins; 
The Spirit which those portions hide 
No force can cleave ; we hut divide 
The sign, the whllethe Signified 
Mar change nor loss sustains. 71 

The modem ubo which is made of the hymn 
iu its English forms will be gathered from the 
translations noted below. [J. M.] 

In translating this Sequence no difficulty 
has been found where the translator has held 
the distinct doctrine of Tronsiibstantiation in 
common with St. Thomas- The difficulty has 
arisen when his hard and clear ciit sentences 
have hud to be modified, and his dogmatism 
to be toaed down to fit in with convictions of 
a less pronounced character. The result is that 
the trs. for private devotion are usually very 
literal; whilst those for public worship are, 
either the furtntr modified and arranged in 
centos, or else paraphrases which Jiavo little 
of the " Landa Sion " in thera but the name. 
»f ho tr*. are : — 

1, Break forth, O Sion, thy sweet Saviour slna;. 
By F. C. Huseubeth, in his Missal for t/ie Laity, 
1840. This paraphrase is extended to 24 et. of 
unequal length, and is very literal in its doc- 
trinal teaching. 

3. Praise thy Saviour, Slots, praise Him. By 
R. B. Pusey in his tr. of the Paradise of the 
Christian Soul, 1847, p. 133. This isn modified 
translation. 



LAUDA SION SALVATOREM 663 

S, Praia* high the Saviour, Sion, praise. By 
Canon Oakeley, in his tr. of the Paradise of the 
Christian Soul. London, Burns, 1850, p. 414. 
A literal translation. 

4, Sion, lift thy voice, and sing. ByE. Caswali, 
in his Jjyra Catholica, 1849, p. 23 b" ; and his 
Hys. and Poems, 1873, p. 124. A literal fr. 

5, Fruits, Oh Sion, praise thy pastm. By J. R, 
Beste. iu his Church Hymns, 1849, p. 17. A 
literal tr. 

6. Zien, thy Redeemer praising. By A. D. 
Wackerbarth, in his Lyra Ecdesiastica, Pt. ii., 
1843, p. 7. A literal tr. Also in O, Shipley's 
Rictus Sanctus, 1884, 

7. Praise, O Sion, prai*« thy Pastor. In the 
1863 Appendix to the Hymnal Noted, No. 218. 
It is based upon Wackerbarth, but indebted more 
especially to Caswell and Bests. 

8. Sion, praise thy Frhue and Pastor. By W. J, 
Blew, iu his Church ffy. # Tune Bk., 1853-55. 
An abbreviated and modified form. 

9, Laud, O Syon, thy Salvation. By J. D. Cham' 
bers, in his Laada Syon, 1857, p. 222, Slightly 
modified. 

10. J-aud, O Sion, thy Salvation, A cento in O. 
Shipley's Divine Liturgy, 1863 ; again, in a 
different form, in the Altar 'Manual, by Little- 
dale and Vara, 1863, and again in the People's 
1L, 1867. This cento is mainly from Dr, Pusey's, 
Wnckerbarth's, and Chambers's trs. mostly re- 
written. This, slightly altered, is in the 
Hymner, 1882. 

It, Praise, O Sion, thy Salvation, A cento in 
the Hymnary, rewritten mainly from Wacker- 
barth, Chambers, and the People's S. trs. It is 
given in two parts, Part ii. being "Lo, the bread 
which angers feedeth," Another tr. of st. xi., 
iiii. in 7's metre, is given as Pt. iii., " Earthly 
pilgrim, joyful see." 

13. Laud thy Saviour, Sion praise Sim. A 
cento in 6 st. based chiefly on J. D. Chambers, 
Dr, Pusey, and others in the 1870 Appendix to 
the Hyl. fur the Use of St. John the Evangelist, 
Aberdeen, 

13. Sinn, to Thy Saviour singing. By A. K, 
Thompson. This is merely a paraphrase of St. 
i.-iv., xi., xii. The essential part of the hymn 
is omitted, and as a rendering of St. Thomas's 
Sequence it has no claim. The 6 sts. appeared In 
the American Sunday School Times, 1883 ; and 
again, in two parts, in Laudes Domini, 1884, 
Pt. ii. beginning, " Here the King hath spread 
His table?" 

14. Bins; forth, O Bios, sweotty sing. By J. D. 
Aylward in O. Shipley's Annus Sanctus, 1884. 

15. Sion, prais* Tar Saviour .Xing, By J. Wal- 
lace, in his Ilys. of the Chwvh, 1874. A literal 
translation. 

Throo versions from the older translators 
must bo mentioned here : — 

IS, Praise, O Syoai praise thy Saviour. By 
E. Southwell, in his Maonia, or Certains excel' 
lent Poems and Spiritual Jfymnes, &c, 1595. 

17. A special theme of praise is read. A cento 
in 3 st. of 6 ]., by Bp. Cosin, in his Coll. of Pri- 
vate Derations, &c, 1627 (11th ed., 1838, p. 285). 

IS, Else, royal Sion, rise and ting. By K. Craw- 
shaw, in the 2nd ed. of his Steps to tlie Temple, 
&c-, 1648, and again in an altered form into thn 
Horrington and Hicke editions of John Austin's 
[kwtiens (see p. 97, ii.). 

From the foregoing trs. and centos «t. xi. 



664 LAUDEB CHBISTO BEDEMPTI 

and xiL, beginning, lot*, pani* Aajdoram, are 
often used as a separate hymn, The following 
are the opening lines ; — 

I. St* for food te plltiimi givan. E. B. Pusey. 
(No. 2.) 

1. The Bread of angel*, It, It Hut, Canon 
Oakeley. (No, 3.) 

S. it, upon tils Altar lie*. E. Caswnll, (No. 
4.) This is in use as tr. by Caswnll, and also 
altered to " Lo, before otur longing eyas," in the 
Dutch Keformed Hys. of the Church, N. Y., 1869. 

I, 8m tit* bitad of aagels lying. J. R, Best*. 
(No. 5.) 

t. Bread that ang* 1 * aat In heaven. A. D. 
Wackerbarth. (No. 6.) 

t. Is, the Bread whieh angel* feedeth. Hymnal 
N. (No. -7), and the Hymnary, 1872. 

7. Lo, th* angel*' Peod 1* tiTtn, In the Introits 
prefixed to some eds. of JET. A. $ M., n. n., and 
again in the People's H., 1867. This was re- 
peated in the Jppenduf to ff. J. ^ M., 1 868 ; 
the JKpnnarjf (with slight alterations), 1872 ; 
the Altar Hymnal, 1831. In H. A. $ M., 1875, 
it is claimed on behalf of "The Compilers." 

I. Lo, the Brtaa whieh *ng*b fetdeth, J, D. 
Chambers. (No. 9.) 

9. Lo th* angel*' feed descending. A.R.Thomp~ 
son. (No. 13.) 

10. Behold, the Bread of (iigel*. Mint. J. D, 
Aylward. (No. 14.) 

Although the rendering!) in part and in 
whole of the "LaudaSion" are thus numer- 
ous, the use of any of these tr*. in public 
worship is very limited. [J. J.] 

Laudes Chxisto redempti voce mo- 
dulemiir supplied. St Notker. [Easter.l 
This is found in an Einsiedeln us, of the 1 0th 
cent., 121, p. 50C. It is also in the Priim 
Gradual, written c. 1000 (KM. Nat Paris Lat. 
9148), and the Echtemaon. Gradual of the 
11th cent (B. N. No. 10510); in the St. Gail 
MSB., No*. 376, 381, of the 11th cent. ; in a us. 
o. 1200, in the Bodleian (Liturg. MUc. 340 f. 
1406); in a Gradual of the 11th or 12th cent 
In the British Museum (Reg. 8 C xiii. f. 13), 
and others. The printed text is in the Magde- 
burg Miwal, 1480, and other later German 
/Missals; in Banid, ii. p. 178, and Kekrein, 
No. 92. Tr. as :— 

FmiH to Ghrlit with suppliant vol***. By It. F. 
Littlodate, tn t/fta Jtenianica, 1844, p. 331 ; and ueain 
In the PtipWi m. 1861, No. lie. [J. M.J 

Itaudes cruris attoUamua. Adam of 
SU Victor. [Paetiontide. Holy Cross.] This 
Sequence has been generally ascribed to Adam 
of St. Victor, and is given by L. Gautier iu 
his edition of Adam's Qetreres poetigve*, 1881, 

t224, as probably by him, and is there quoted 
m a Limoges Sequentiara of the 12th or 
13th cent. (Bibl. Nat. Pans, No. 1139), ond 
other sources. It is found in a Gradual 
apparently written in England during the 
12th cent., and now in the British Museum 
(Beg. 2 B. iv. f. 173 6) ; in a us. of the end of 
the 12th cent, now in the Bodleian (Liturg. 
Mite. 341 f. 516); while Morel, p. 30, cites it 
as in a Fischingen Ms. of the 11th cent., an 
Einsiedeln MB. of the 12th cent., 4c. In a 
14th cent. Paris Missal, and a 14th cent Sent 
Miital in the British Mnseum ; as also in the 
(Sontm, York, Hereford, St. Andrew, and 
many other Missals (e.g. the Magdeburg Mis- \ 



LAUDE3 BALVATOBI VOCE 

sal, 1480) ; it is the Sequence for the Festival 
of the Invention or the Exaltation of the 
Cross. The printed text is also in Daniel, ii. 
p. 78 ; Kehreiit, No. 60 ; D. 8. Wrangham, ii 
4$, and others. Dr. Nenle, in. his Medi&tal 
Hymns, speaks of it as "perhaps the master- 
piece of Adorn of St Victor 1 '; but this is 
greatly to overrate it, save for its technical 
qualities. It is a panegyric of the cross, in 
which the types in the Old Testament are 
drawn out at length. It is quite impossible; 
to give an adequate version of it in good 
English. Tr. as:— 

Be th* On** tar theme and rtery. By J. H. 
Neale, in his Medimal Hymns, 1851, p. 95, in 
12 st. of nnoqual lines. In 1864, 4 st. were 
given in Skinner's Daily Service Hyl., No. 236 ; 
and in 1882, 9 st. in the Hymner, as No. 134. 

Other &*■ are :— 

1. To the Cross ita due laudation. B. 8. Wtftoglum, 

11. 1881, 

X Came, let as with glad music H. W. Lloyd, In 
O. Shipley's Annm Smctui. 1834. [J. Jtf.] 

Jjaudea Salvatori vooe modulemur 
Bupplioi. St. Notker. [JEaster,] Among 
the St. Gall ugs. this Sequence is found in 
No. 340 of the 10th cent ; Nos. 376. 378, 380, 
381 of the Ilth cent., dto. It is contained in 
a Bodleian m written c, 1000 (Bodl. 775, f. 
188), as a H Sequence on the miracles of Christ 
and His Besurrection"; in three ksb. of the 
12th cent, in the British Museum (Add. 11669, 
f. 50 ; Calig, A, xiv. f. 56 ; Rett. 8, O. xiii. f. 
14 6), &c Also in the Barum, York, Hereford 
and St. Andrew* Missal*, tho Magdeburg 
Miaul of 1 480, and many others. The printed 
text is also in Daniel, ii. p. 12 ; Mane, No. 148, 
Kehrein, No. 181, 4a [J. M.] 

The poem is entitled Frigdora, because set 
to a melody made up of the modes which the 
Greeks called Phrygian and Dorian, i.e. the 
first tone mixed with the third (see Du 
Cange under "Frigdorae," and Dr. Nealc's 
Ettayt on Ltturgiology, p. 379). It sets forth 
the verity, so essential to be maintained in 
these days, and so tersely expressed by Dr. 
Liddon (Bampton Lectures, p. 248), "The 
miraculous is inextricably interwoven with 
the whole life of Christ" No wonder then 
that it wss adopted in all the three English 
Missals — on the Sunday after Easter in the 
Barum and the Hereford, and on the Monday in 
Easter Week in the York. Bishop Andrews, 
commenting on the words of Isaiah, " Unto 
us a child is born; unto us a Son is given," 
and expounding them according to a decree of 
the Fathers of the Council of Seville, lhat 
"the Child imparts His human, tho Son His 
divine power," adds words accurately illustra- 
tive of this hymn : — 

" All along Hlfl life you shall see these two. At His 
hutt), a cratch for tbt Child, a star for the Sod \ a com- 
pany of shepherds viewing the Child, a choir of Angels 
celebrating the Son. In His life ; hungry Himself; to 
show the nature of the Child ; yet feeding five thousand* 
to show the power of the Son. At His death j dying on 
the cross, aa the Child of Adam; at the same time 
disposing of randlw. as the Son of God " (2nd Sermon 
on the Nativity). The Sequence ia tr. aa :— 

Praia* tt eur Lard and BAvtenr dear. By Dean 
Plumptre, made for and first pub. in the Hym- 
nary, 18T2, No. 272, in two parts, Pt. ii. begin- 
ning, " So wrought He all His Father's will." 

Another tr, is :— 

Lot as with lowly votoe, C. 1). Pearson, Iu tho Samm 



LAUDIBUS 01VEB EESONENT 

MHuxt in «uti«s, 1988, »nd bU &jnnt«» from the 
amuiiRml.lSIl. [Wm. 0.] 

Laudlba* civea resonant c&noris, 
[St. JJeflodKit] In the Ptahnitta JfimasKetun, 
Venice, 1583, f. 232 6, this is the hymn for 
(he First Vespers of Bt Benedict It is also 
referred to in a Benedictine Breviary pub. at 
Venice in 1524; and is in s 15th cent. w.s. at 
St. G«ll (No. 440). Daniel, iv. 329, gives 
the text from a Oittercian Bret, without men- 
tioning the date of the ed. he used. TV. as; — 

nuWtffh tilS long Have »mjt mil TfteftnniHng ""^— i 

By E. Ceswall, in his Batque 0/ Mar), 1868, p. 333, and 
•(•In In his Byt. d iVumw, ISM, p. »», ft Is given 
In a few Bcroan Catholic hymn-books for Mfsaluns and 
Schools. [J. M.] 

Laurent!, Lawantiua, a, of Heir 
Lorenz, or Laurenti, a burgess of Hnsum, in 
ttchleswig,waBb.atHu8um, June 8, 1660. He 
entered the University of Bostock In 1681, 
and after a year and a half spent there, went 
to Kiel to study mode. In 1684 he was ap- 
pointed eantor and director of the music at 
the cathedral church at Bremen. Ho d. at 
Bremen, May 29, 1722 {Kotik, iv, 281 ; Boter- 
mnnd's continuation of (Tocher's Gelehrtan- 
Lexieon, iii, 1405, 4c.). Laurenti was one of 
the best hymn-writers of the Pietistio school. 
His hymns are founded on the Gospels for 
Sundays and Festivals, and they draw out the 
bearing on the Christian life of the leading 
thoughts therein contained. They are of 
noble simplicity; are Scriptural, fervent and 
often of genuine poetical wortK In Frey- 
lihghauaen'a Q. B,, 1704 And 1714, no less 
than S4 are included, and inany of these, with 
others by him, are still in extensive German 
use. They appeared in his : — 

RtanQtKa Mdediea, dot ilt: Otitttiche Uedtr, vnd 
UAgttangt, iukA dan Sinn der ordtniticlun Sam- und 
fat-tagaBmngeUai.ke. Bremen, 1JB0 [Royal Library, 
Berlin], with U8 hymns on the Gospels, and two other*. 

Of his hymns those which have passed into 
English are : — 

1, Dtt weaanUiohea Wort. CAristmas. Founded 
on St. John i, 1-12. In bis EwmgeHa Melodies, 
1700, p. 30, in 8 st. of 8 1., entitled, "For the 
Third Day of Christmas." Included in Frey- 
linghanseb's 0, B., 1704, No. 20 ; and, recently, 
as No. 83, in the Berlin O. L. 3., 1863. The 
tn.inG. U. are: — 

1. Toon eaeautial Wwi, Who bom. A 
good tr., omitting st. iii., v., by Miss Wink- 
worth, in her Lyra Ger., let Ser., 1855, p. 15 
(2nd ed., 1856, considerably altered); and re- 
peated, abridged, in FUtt's Oott., Paisley, 1871. 
Varying centos, beginning with st. i., 1. 5, 
altered to "O Saviour of onr race," are found 
in America, as in Boardman's Sei., Philadelphia, 
1861; the Pennsylvania Luth, Ck. Bk., 1868; 
and the Dutch Ref. Hyt. of the Qatrch, 1869. 

t. O Thoa easantisl Word, Who wait. By Miss 
Wiakworth, in her C. B. for England, 1863, 
No, 54, This is her 1856 version (as above) re- 
written to the original metre. Repeated, in full, 
in Dr. Thomas's Augustine H. Bk., 1866, and the 
Ohio Lvth. Hyl, 1880; and, abridged, in the 
Eng. Presb. Pn. $ ffyt., 1887, and Lavdes 
Pomini, S. Y,, 1884. 

il. ErmntttMt snob, ihr rnmunen. Second Advent. 
This is his finest hymn. In his Evangelta HdocUca, 
1700, p. 353, in 10 et. of 8 1., entitled, "For 
the 27th S. after Trinity." It is founded on St. 



LA.TJS DEVOTA MENTIS 665 

Matt. xiv. 1-13 ; and unites the imagery of the 
parable of the Ten Virgins with that of Rev. n., 
ni. Included, as No. 578, in Freylinghanson's 
G. B. t 1704; and, recently, as No. 1519, in the 
Berlin t7. L. &, ed. 1863. The tr. in C. D. is :— 

Bejelee, all ye baliavert. By Mrs. Findlater, in 
E. L. L., 1st Ser., 1854, p. 61 (1884, p. 62), a 
good tr. of st. i.-iii., vii., viii., t. In full, but 
altered to the original metre, in Schaffs Chi-ist 
in Sang, 1869 and 1670. This version b found 
in a large nnmher of English and American 
hymnals, under the following forms : — 

(1) Rejoice, all ye balievera (st. 1.). Varying centos 
are found In Mtretr, 1884, ByU Qmp., 18TB, 4c, j and In 
America in Hatfield's Chcrck B, Bt., wit, -Banna. 
Synaol, N. Y., 1884, and other*. 

(!) Kejeioa, nteloa, bauovere (st I. alt.). Tarring 
centos are given In Alford'a Tear of rraitt, 19ST, Eng- 
llah fresh. Pt. A Bgt., iss>, and in Anwrica In the 
Eplsc. BywMal. 1871 1 Eft. A Scmgt tf JVafat, ISM; 
Bant. B. Bit., 18)1 ; Lau&i IMmini, ISM ; and others. 

(J) Bias op, all ye batisnn (St. L aRA In J. A. 
Johnston 1 ! Bnalith JM, 1SS8, and Btnneay, lsaa. 

{4} Awake! ria« tm, ye ftitaM (st. I. alt.). In the 
Jrett Zealand Bytmal, 181a. 

(() Y* aalate, who bare is r*U»aea (at. v[[A In 
W. Stone's Smpl. Bymnat, 181 3, and H. L. HasUngi'i 
Stmgt tflWgr&Met, 1S88. 

Other bt, are: (1) "Prepare your lamps, stand 
ready," by P. H. Moltber of at. 11., as No. 8ST fn tee 
Moravian B. Sk., 1»S»(1886, No. 1181). (2) "Awaken, 
O chosen and faltafnl," iy Mn. Besan, 1BS8, p. SO. 

111. Tlieaat Ihr Anfaa, aleaatvos ThrKaan. Pas- 
tiontidt. In his Evangelia Melodka, 1700, p. 94, 
in 12 st. of 8 I., entitled, "For Sunday Esto 
mihi " [Quinquagetima'], and founded on St. Luke 
iviii. 31-43. Included in Freylinghau sen's 8. B., 
1704, No. 82, the Berlin O. L. S., ed. 1863, No. 
228, &c. The tr. in C. IT. is :— 

now my tears, now still faster. By Mrs. Find- 
later, in H. L. L., 2nd Ser., 1855, p. 48 (1884, 
p. 107), of st. !., iv., vi., viii.-iii. Repeated, 
omitting st. viii., ii., xii., altered, and beginning, 
" Flow my contrite tears, flow faster, in the 
Amer, Epis. Hyi. for Ch. and Home, 1860. 

Another fr. la : ** Weep, mine eyes, with tears o'e> 
flowing," by Xitt Kmmgton, IMS, p. «. 

Thefollowing hymns are not so well known 
in their translated forms ; — 

iv. Jean, waa hat dieh gefeiaben, .Advent. On 
Christ's journey to Jerosalem. 1100, p. 1, In 8 St., 
entitled, " For the 1st S. In Advent^" and founded on 
St. Matt. xil. 1-10. In the Berlin G. L. E., ed, 1883, 
No. 244. IV. as: " Jesnel what was that which drew 
Thee," by Mrs. Findlater In B. L. L„ IBM, p. 51. 

v, Waeh anfj mem Sera, die Kaoht iat bin. Eatttr; 
or, Sunday Jtomina. Uoe, p, ise, In 10 et., entitled, 
" On the Iat day ofSaster. Founded on St. ]Uarfc xvL 
1-8, and Eph. v. 14. In the Che. L. S., 1SB1, No. 184. 
The (rt. an: (1) "Boose up, my heart t the Night Is 
o'er," by B. J. «nefeiK, 1842, p. 3. (a) "Wakenp, 
my heart, the night has flown," by.JKar Banington, 

I8S3, p. 88. 

Ti. wer im Benan will erfabren, Epiahany. 1TO0, 
n, 48, In 12 Bt, of 8 L, entitled, "For the day of the 
Epiphany of ChiiBt, or Festival of the Three Holy 
KInja," and founded on St. Matt. Ii. 1-11. Repeated 
In Freyliagbaneen'e G. B., VIM, No. II In foil. In 
Bunaen's FaramA. 1833, No. esa (1881, No. «2\ at. 
l.-Ili., xl„ ill. are given. Tr. as: "le thy heart 
atblret to know," A good tr. from Bwaten hy-MifiS 
Wlnkwoitb In her tgra Gvr., 2nd Ser., 1BSS, p. ii, and 
her C. B. Jar England, 138S, No. 39. [J, M.] 

LauB devota mente. [Common of 
EoangelitU.2 This Sequence is found in a 
Santm Missal, c. 1370, in the Bodleian (Bar- 
low, G, mge 418) ; in a late 13th cent Gradual 
in the British Museum (Add. 12194, f. 139); 
and is in the reprints of the Sarum, Hereford 
and St. Andrew! MUtalt. In the Sanaa and 
Hereford it is the Saguenoe in the Mass of tho 



666 LAVATER, JOHANN CASPAB 

Common of an Evangelist, Iu a ws. of the 
beginning of the 11th cent, in the Bodleian 
(Juititu 121), it is ascribed to Gervasiuu of 
Chichester, who fl. 1160. Tr. as:— 

1. Wake heart* devout whom love inspires, A 
tr, of st. i.-iii., l-iii., ir., by Mrs. H. M. Chester, 
made fur and first pub, in the Hymnary, 1372, 
No. 394, and signed " H. M. C." 

2, Praise the true heart's offer! By J< M. 
Nuale, in the 5& Margaret's Hymnal, 1875, the 
Antiphoner and Grail, 1880, and the Hytmier, 
1832. 

Another tr. la : — 

To Christ your voices raise. C. B. Pearson, In the 
SaritM AKssal in JSnglith, 1S6&, and his Hkoutmce* frotn 
the Sarum Mttal, 187 1. [ Wm. C .] 

libvater, Johann Caspar, s. of Johann 
Heinrich Lavater, physician in Zurich, was b. 
ut Zurich, Nor. 15, 1741. Ho entered the 
Academic Gymnasium at Ziirieh in 1758, am] 
iu the end of 1759 began Iris studies in its 
theological department. After completing 
his course he was ordained in the spring of 
1762, but did not undertake any regular 
clerical work till April 1769, when he was 
appointed diaoonus of the Orphanage church 
at Zurich, where he became pastor in 1775. 
In July 1778 he was appointed diaconus of St, 
Pater's church, and iti Dec 1780 pastor there. 
When, during the Revolutionary period, the 
French laid the Swiss Cantons under contri- 
bution, and then in April 1799 deported ten of 
tiie principal citizens of Ziirieh, Lavater felt 
compelled to protest in the pulpit and in print. 
Consequently while on a visit to Baden, near 
Ziirieh, he was seized by French dragoons, 
May 14, 1799, and taken to Basel, but was al- 
lowed to return to Zurich, Aug. 16, 1799. 
When on Sept. 25, 1799, the French uuder 
Massena entered Zurich, Lavater was treacher- 
ously shot through the body by a French 
(penadier, who had just before thanked him 
for his charity, and from this wound he never 
entirely recovered. He resigned his charge 
in January 1800, and d. at Zurich, Jan, 2, 
1801. (Koch, vi, 499; Allg. Deutsche Biog., 
xvii. 783, Ac.) 

i .avater was one ofthernostcelebrfi.ted'aud influential 
literary characters of bis time ; a most popular anil 
striking preacher; fijdd a livable, genuine, frank- 
hearted man, wbowss the object of an almost incredible 
veneration. Ills devotional writings {Auts tchttn in die 
Eioigkeit, 4 vols., Zurich, 1768-78, &c,), and bis works 
on Physiognomy (Ton tier /'A^lit^rtOMifcjLeiplig, 1772 j 
FhysiogmmiKhe Ft-agmente, 4 vols., Leipzig mid Win- 
terthur, l?7a-7B), were eagerly read and admired all 
over Europe, bat were very soon forgotten. He was no 
theologian, and his warm heart and fertile imagination 
led him into many untenable positions. His works 
on Physiognomy are without order or philosophies] 
principles of connection, and tlieir permanent interest is 
mainly in the very numerous and often well-executed 
engravings. Of his poems the Schweixerlurdef (Bern, 
17S7, 4th enlarged ed., 1775), are the utterances of a 
true patriot, and are the most natural and pi jpul&r of his 
productions. His Epic poema ((I) Jttat Mvtsias, oder 
die Zaktmft dtsUerrn^ K.n., Zurich, 1760, a poetical 
version of the Apocalypse \ (2) Jesus Afettiat, ader die 
Eo&ngelienundApQstelgeachickte in Geswtaen, i vols., 
Wlutertbur. 17*3-30, (3) Joteph van Arimatluxt, 
Hamburg, 1784) have little abiding value. 

Asa hymn-writer Lavater was in his day most popular. 
His hymns are well adapted for private or family use. 
Many of them are Blmple, fresh, and popular In style, 
and evangelical, earnest and devout In substance. But 
for church use he is too verbose, prolix, and rhetorical. 
Of his hymns (some 700) a considerable number eur. 
vlve In German collections compiled before 1350, e.g. 
the Berlin t;.L. S., ed. lew, has 13; the WUrtteiubetg 
0..B.,iB42,hasl5itlie Hamburg?. B., 1842, lus 2S,*c. 



LAVATER, JOHANN CASPAR 

But in the more recent collections almost all have dis- 
appeared, e.g., tbe new hymn-book for the Kingdom of 
Saxony, iaeS, has not a singleone. The most Important 
appeared principally In the following works :— (ljViiu/- 
tia Ckrittlicker Liedtr, Zurich, 1771, (2) Lieder arum 
Gebrauche dee Waysenhautes *u Ziirieb, Zurich, 1772, 

(3) C'krittti&u Lieder der VatertiindiKhen Jugend, 
bestmdertauf der Landtchaft. aewiedmet, Zurich, 1774, 

(4) Zvxytet Funfzig CAriitlicher Ueder, Ztlricb, 1770. 

(5) ChriitUche Littler . , , Zvxytet Siindert, Zurich, 
1780. (6) Sechtzig Lieder nack deta z&rcheritelien 
Catechtsnui, Zurich, 1780, [Sos. 1-8 in the Royal 
library, Berlin, and 3-6 In the Brit. Mus.] 

Those of his hymns which have passed into 
English include : — 

i, du, der einat im Grebe lag. Sunday* In 
his Lieder, &c, 1772, No, 7, in 9 St. of 4 1., 
entitled "SunJay Hymn." Included in the 
Zurich G. li., 1787 and 1853; Bunaen's FersticA, 
1833, No. 6, See. The tr. in C. U, is :— 

Tbou, once laid within the grave. A good fr., 
omitting st. iii., vii., viii., by H. J. Buekoll, in 
his Hys. from the German, 1842, p. 9, Repented, 
abridged, in the Dalston Hospital //. BL, 1848, 
and the Rugby School H. BL, 1850 and 1876. 

Ano&er tr, i»! "0 Thou who iu the grave once 
lay," by R. MiESIe, In the Britith Herald, Jnne, 1865. 

ii, Jesus Gbristas, wuha in mir, Sancttjica* 
lion. His finest hymn. Founded an St. John 
iti. 30. 1st pub. in his Ghristliehe Lieder, 1780, 
No. 85, in 10 st. of 4 1., marked as "On New 
Year's Day, 1780," and with the motto "Christ 
must increase, but I must decrease." Iu Knapp's 
Ev.L. 8., 1837, No. 1644. The fr. in C. U. ia;— 

Jaani Chriati grow Thou In me. A good and 
full. tr. in the British Messenger for Nov. 1, 1860. 
In SchafFs Christ in Song, 1870, p. 108, it is 
marked as tr. by Mrs, E. L. Smith, the state- 
ment that this was its first appearance being an 
error. If the tr. is really by her, it must have 
appeared in some American publication prior to 
Nor. 1860. It has passed, iu varying centos, 
into the Baptist Hijt., 187?, Snepp's Svocj* of 
G. # G., 1872, Sappl. of 1874 to the If. Cong., 
and others : also in Mys. & Songs of Praise, 
N. Y., 1874, Christian Hyl, Adelaide, 1872, &c 

iii. auaaeater der Jfamen all, Jfame of Jesus, 
or, New Tear. 1st pub. in his Sechsxuj Lieder, 
1780, No. 25, in 4 st. of 7 I., as the second 
hymn on " Jesus Christ, the only begotten Son 
of God, our Lord, Second article of the Chris- 
tian Faith." It is appointed for the 16th Sun- 
day, and for the 39th and 40th questions of tbe 
Zuriph Catechism. In the Berg Mark G. B,, 
1835, No. 319 ; and included in a number of the 
German Roman Catholic 11. liks., as those for 
St. Gall, 1863, Rotteuburg, 1865, and others. 
The tr. in C. U. is :— 

Xame, than every name mere dear, A good fr. 
of st. 1., iii., iv., by A. T. Russell, in his Ps. fy 
llys., 1851, Ko. 68. Repeated in Maurice's Choral 
II. BL, 1861, Meth. Nem Connexion II. BL, 1863, 
Kem Zealand Hyl., 1872, &c. 

(v. Vereiuigt rum Geoete war. Whitsuntide. 
1st pub. in li is Christliehe Lieder, 1774, No. 23, ia 
15 st. of 4 1. The form tr. into English is that 
in Bunsen'sVerswcA, 1833, No, 225, which begins, 
" O Geist des Herru ! nur deine Kraft," and con- 
sists of st. 1. 11. 3, 4 ; ii. 11. 1, 2 ; xii,-iv. The 
tr. is r — p 

Holy Ghost ! Thy heavenly dew. A good tr. 
from Bunsen, by Miss Cojc, in her Sacred Hys. 
from the German, 1841, p. 43, and the Gilman- 
SchafF Lib. of Bel. Poetry, ed. 1883, p. 814. 
Slightly altered in Lyra Mestianica, 1864, p. 386, 



LAWSON, JOHN 

and thence in AlfonTs Year of Pratte, 1867. 
Again slightly altered in Miss Cox's Hys. from 
the Sermon, 1864, p. 67, and thence in J. L. 
Porter's Coll., 1876. 

Another tr. ii; "Blest Spirit, by whose heaven!; 
flew," oy Lady K Itnietcut, 1843, p. Id. 

The following- are not in English C. U. : — 

ft AshJ naoh dsinsT (tasde senmaehtet. Crott t&id 
OotuolottoR. Zweyttt Fwyftig, >1H, No. 6, In B St., 
entitled " The Conflict of Prayer in hours of darkness." 
The tra. an : (I) " As the but for water ponteth, So my 
•oiu," by R. Maaele, to the ih-iKik aemid, March 
less, p. 40. <2) " Lora for Thee my soul ts thirsting," 
*y B. Maesie, in the Day of Sat, 1SJI, vol, vii. p. mi, 

*i, Auf*kii,niehiYater,TriIliehtaaneB. OmjomiI 
0>n»IaJioR. CAr&tffoke Metier, 1JM, No, 4, In 8 Bt,, 
entitled "Kncoungehjent to trust upon Ood." Theirs, 
•ret CO " On Thee will 1 depend, my Father," by R. 
Hassle, In the BritiA flerald, May, 1866, p. 68, (S) 
" On Thee I build, heavenly Father," by R. Massie, 
tn the Day of Sett, 1ST8, vol, vlll, p. 318, 

vtt. Ton dlr, e Vater, nlmmt main Hen. Owai 
and Ctoualatbm. Anuftu! (7*r<»(Kc*er Medsr, mi. 
No, 33, in 10 St., entitled "Encouragement to Patience." 
IV. ss, "Father! from Thee my grateful heart," by 
Mies Knight, in her Tn.fnm *** German in Piute and 
Vent, 1812, p. 88, 

Besides the above a considerable number 
of pieces by Lavater have been tr. by Miss 
Henrietta J, Fry, in her Pastor's Legaq/, 1812 
(which consists entirely of (re. from Lavator) ; 
iii her Bjf(, of the Reformation, 1845 ; nnd in 
her Echoe* of Eternity, 1859. [J. M-] 

Lawaon, John, waa b. at Trowbridge, 
Wiltshire, July 24, 1787. Ho was articled to 
tt wood-engraver in London; but believing 
that his knowledge of various manual arts 
might moke him useful in the foreign mission 
field, he offered himself to the Baptist Mis- 
sionary Society, and wits sent to India. He 
arrived at Seratnporo in 1812, and soon 
rendered good service by showing bow to 
reduce the types for printing used in the 
Eastern languages. He subsequently became 
pastor of a Baptist Church in Calcutta, de- 
voting also much time to the work of educa- 
tion, He d. Oct. 22, 1825. Mr. Lawson 
was an accomplished naturalist and a good 
musician, but his favourite recreation was 
the composition of poetry. Orient Harping, 
lioland, and other poems were published by 
htm between the years 1820 and 1825. Two 
of his hymns were printed in the Baptist 
Nete Selection, 1828 ;— 

1. Father of mercies, condescend. Prayer for a 
Mittionary. 

2. Fountain of truth and grace and power. Prayer 
for fAe tfewg. 

The following arc in the Comprehemiiie 
Bippon, 1844 :— 

3. While in the bowling shades of death. JKi- 

IUWU. 

4. Europe, 
Loxdlogy. 



apeak tbe mighty name. Uniocrtal 
[W. B. S.] 



Lead, kindly Light, amid the en- 
circling gloom. Card. J. S. A'ewman. 
[Evening, Divine Guidance Detired.'} This 
exquisite lyrfo has been the cause of much 
controversy, arising from the facts that, first, 
the statement has been made that it was the 
passionate outpouring of the author's soul 
when perplexed with doubt as to his duty 
with regard to entering the Roman Com- 
munion or no ; and the second, thnt the 
closing lines — 

" And with the mom those angel faces smile, 
Which I have loved lone since and lost awhile," 



LEAD, KINDLY LIGHT 667 

through their ambiguity, have led to several 
ingenious interpretations, some of which ap- 
peared in Notes and Queries in 1880. The 
answer to each of these statements must bo 
given, as fur as possible, in Cardinal Newman's 
own words. 

i. Cardinal Newman, in his Apologia Pro 
Vita Sua, 1864, pp. 94-100, sots forth his 
attitude at the time this lyrio was wiitlen, 
both towards the Church of England and the 
Church of Borne, in a most careful and 
elaborate manner. His statements, in a con- 
densed form, but in his own words, are : — 

" While I was engaged In writing my wort on the 
Ariaus [1832], great events were happeniugat home and 
abroad, which brought out into form and passionate ex- 
pression the various beliefs which had eo gradually been 
winning their way into my mind. Shortly before, there 
had been a Revolution in France; the Bourbons hod 
been dismissed : and 1 believed that it was unchristian 
for nations to cost off their governors, and, much more, 
sovereigns who bad the divine right of inheritance. 
Again, the great Reform Agitation was going on around 
me as I wrote. The Whigs hod come Into power *, Lord 
Orey hid told the Bishops to set tbetr bouse in order, 
and some of the Prelates had been insulted aod threat- 
ened in tbe streets of Londun. Tbe vital question was 
how were we to keep the Ciiurch from being liberalized 1 
there was each apathy on the subject in some quarters, 
such imbecile alarm in >others ; the true principles of 
Ghurchmanship seemed so radically decayed, and there 
were such distractions Jn the Councils of tbe Clergy 

With the Establishment thns divided and 

threatened, thus ignorant of Its true strength, I com- 
pered that fresh vigorous power of which I was reading 
In the first centuries ...... I said to myself, ' Look on 

this picture and on that ' ; 1 felt election for my own 
Church, but not tenderness ; I felt dismay at her pros- 
pects, anger and scorn at her do-nothing perplexity. I 
(bought that if Liberalism once got a footing within her, 
it waa sure of the victory in the event. I saw that Re- 
formation principles were powerless to rescue her. As 
to leaving her,the thought never cross-d my imagina- 
tion ( still I ever kept 'before me that there was some- 
thing greater than the Established Church, and that that 
was tlte Church Catholic and Apostolic, set up from the 
beginning, of which she was but the loeel presence and 
organ. She was nothing, unless she was this. She must 
be dealt with strongly, or ebe would be lost. There 
was need of a second Reformation. 

" At this time 1 was disengaged from College duties, 
and my health had Buffered from the labours Involved 
in the composition of my volume ,..,,, X was easily 
pereuaded to Join Hurrell Fronde and bis father, who 
were going to the south of Europe for tbe health of the 
former. We set out in December, 1833, It was during 
this expedition that my verses which are In tbe Lyra 
Apestotico were written ; a few indeed before ft; but not 

more than one or twoof them after it Thealrange- 

nessof foreign 11m threw me bode into myself; 1 found 
pleasure in historical sites and beautiful scenes, not in 
men nnd manners. We kept clear of Catholics through- 
out our tour ...... 1 saw nothing but what was ex- 
ternal ; of the hidden life of Catholics I knew nothing. 
I was still driven back Into myself, end felt my Isolation. 
HngLind woe in my thoughts solely, and the news from 
England came rarely ami imperfectly. The Bill for the 
Suppression of the Irish JSees was in progress, and 
filled my mind. 1 liod fierce thoughts against the 
Liberals, It wok tbe success of tbe liberal cause which 
fretted me inwardly. 1 became fierce against its Instru- 
ments and its manifestations .Specially wlien 

1 was left to myself, the thought come upon me that 
deliverance is wrought, not by the many hut by the 
few, net by bodies but by persons .... 1 began lo think 
1 hod a mission .... When we took leave oTMonsiguore 
Wiseman, be had courteously expressed a wish thut we 
might make a second visit to Home : I said with great 
gravity, ' We have a work to do in England, 1 I went 
down at once to Sicily, and the presentiment grew 
stronger, f struck Into the middle of Ibe island, and 
fell ill of a fever at Leonforte, My servant thought that 
I was dying, and begged for my last directions. I gave 
them, as he wished; but I said 'I shall not die.' I 
repeated, ' 1 shall not die, for I have not sinned against 
light, I have not sinned against light. 1 I never have 
been sbls to make out at all what I meant, I got to 
Castro-Giovanni, and woe laid up there for nearly three 
weeks. Towards the end of May J set off for Palermo, 



003 LEAD, KINDLY LIGHT 

taking three days for the Journey. Before starting from 
my Ian In tho morning of May SBth or atth, I sat down 
oh m j bed, and began to Bob utterly. My servant, who 
acted as mynurse, asked what ailed me, I could only 
answer, 'I have a work to doiu England.' I waa aching 
to get home \ yet for want of a i easel I waa kept at 
Palermo for three weeks. 1 began to visit the Churches, 
ond they calmed my Impatience, though I did not attend 
any services. I knew nothing of the Presence of the 
Blessed Sacrament then. At last 1 got off in an orange 
boat bound for Marseilles. We were becalmed a whole 
week in tlie Straits of Bonifacio. Then it waa that I 
wrote the lines 'Lead, kindly light' [June It, 1833], 
which have since become well known. X waa writing 
verses the whole time of my passage. At length I got 
to Marseilles, and set off loir England. The fatigue of 
travelling was too much for me, and I was laid up for 
several days at Lyons. At last I got off again ua did 
not stop night or day till I reached England, and my 
mother^ house. My brother had arrived from Persia 
only a few hours before. This was Tuesday. The fol- 
lowing Sunday, July 14th, Mr. Eeble preached the 
Assise Bermon in the University Pulpit. It was pub- 
lished under the title of * National Apostasy.' I nave 
ever considered and kept the day as tbe start of the 
religions movement of 1833." 

In writing of further changes of thought 
which he underwent during the succeeding 
six years, Cardinal Newman says, Apologia, 
p. 214:— 

** Now to trace the succession of thoughts, and the 
conclusions, and tbe consequent Innovations on my pre- 
vious belief, and the general conduct, to which I was led, 
upon this sudden visitation [stated on tbe previous page]. 
And first, I will say. whatever comes of saying it, for I 
leave inferences to others, that for years I must have 
hod something of an habitual notion, though it was 
latent, and had never led me to distrust my own con- 
victions, that my mind had not found its ultimate rest, 
and that in some sense or other I was on Journey. Dur- 
ing thesame passage across the Mediterranean in which 
I wrote * Lead, kindly light,' I also wrote verses, which 
are found in the Lyra under the head of ' Providences, 1 
beginning, ' When I look back.' Thiewasin 1833; and, 
since I have begun this narrative, I have found a memo- 
randum under the date of September 7, 1839, in which I 
apeak of myself, as ' now in my room in Oriel College, 
slowly advancing, Ac., and led on by God's hand blindly, 
not knowing whither He is taking me.' " 

This, then, is the author's account of the 
state of his personal feeling, and the circum- 
stances which surrounded him at the time 
that he Wrote what must be regarded as one 
of the finest lyrics of the nineteenth century. 
Angry at the state of disunion and supineness 
in the Church he still loved and in which he 
still believed; confident that he had "a 
mission," "a work to do in England;", 
passionately longing for home and tho con- 
verse of friends ; sick in body to prostration, 
and, as eome around him feared, even unto 
death ; feeling that he should not die but live, 
and that he must work, but knowing hot 
what that work was to be, how it waB to be 
done, or to what it might tend, lie breathed 
forth the impassioned and pathetic prayer, 
one of the birth-pangs, it might bo colled, of 
.- the Oxford movement of 1833 : — 

" Lead, Kindly Light, amid the encircling gloom, 
Lead Thou me on ; 

The night is dark, and I am for from home, 
Lead Thou me on. 

Keep Thou my feet ; I do not ask to see 

The distant scene ; one step enough for me. 

I was not ever thns, nor prayed that Thou 
Shouidst lead me on \ 

1 loved to choose and see my path j but now 
Lead Thou me on. 

I loved the garish day, and, spite of fears, 

Pride rnled my will : remember not past years. 

So long Thy power hath blest me, sure It still 
Will lead me on 

O'er moor end fen, o'er crag and torrent, till 
The night is gone. 

And with the mom those angel faces smile, 

Whkb I have loved long since, and lost awhile." 



LEAD, KINDLY LIGHT 

11. The ambiguity of the two closing lines 
has caused much speculation arid controversy. 
Summarised, the principal interpretations 
are: — 

t. Tbe troubled and hesitating spirit finds Ilwlf 
" amid encircling gloom"; "the rught is dark"; and 
the soul has lost awhile tbe "angel faces," not only of 
Fancy and Hope and Voutnfhl Confidence, but of those 
divine forms of faith and assurance, which it had "loved 
long since," which had accompanied tbe believer during 
the early fervour of his belief.— tfetet and Querist, 
April 3, I860. 

3. A second Interpretation Is that "thoseangel faces" 
are tbe faces of tbe ministering spirits, " sent forth to 
minister to them who shall be heirs of salvation." 

3. A third Interpretation ie that these lines are ex- 
pressive of the Christian's hope of being re-united on 
the resnrrecKoji morn with those loved end lost by death 
on earth. (IT. <!s Q., April 3, I860.) This application 
of tbe Hues is set forth in s window of one of the 
churches of Clevedon, An angel is represented as 
soaring upwards, bearing away from earth two infants 
in his arms, and these two lines are quoted underneath. 
— K. &Q.,tth&. II., Aug. If, 1880, p. IIS. 

i. A fourth interpretation Is, "wbenallthe absorbing 
business, and care and pleasures of life are beginning to 
weary us, when tbe world is losing something of Its hold 
on us, and we once more catch glimpses ss It were of 
that other life which most of ua here at some time 
dreamed, and perhaps, though all too feebly, striven for, 
then the better eoul wakes from its slumbers ; tbe night 
is gone, " And with the morn those angel faces smile," 
to.— JT. * Q., «,(*, 8. I., May 8, 1880, p. 386. 

d. Another explanation is suggested in tbe question, 
" Do tbese lines refer to the more intimate communion 
of infants with tbe unseen world of spirits which was 
lost In later years ?"— S. A Q., 6th 8. L, Juiu 12, 1880, 
p. 480. 

To all which, nnd to all other interpreta- 
tions that have been made or may be made, 
Cardinal Newman gives answer in a letter 
to Dr. Greenhill, printed in the Guardian, 
Feb. 25, 1880, p. 257, and repeated in N. & Q., 
6th 8. 1„ March 20, 1880, p. 232. 

"The Oratory, January 18, LSTs. 
" My dear Dr. Greenhill,— You flatter me by your 
questions ; but I think it was Keble who, when asked 
it in his own case, answered that poets were not bound 
to be critics, or to give a sense to what they had written, 
and though I am not like him, a poet, at least I may 
plead that I am not bound to remember my own mean- 
tog, whatever It was, at tbe end of almost fifty years. 
Anyhow there must he a statute of limitation for 
writers of verse, or It wouM be quite tyranny if in an 
art, which is the expression, not of truth, bnt of imagi- 
nation and sentiment, one were obliged to be ready for 
examination on the transient states of mind which came 
upon one wbeu home sick, or sea sick, or in any other 
way sensitive, or excited. 

" Yonrs most truly, Jorat H. Newmab." 

We may <add that in thus forgetting the 
meaning of a passage written so long before, 
the author is not alone. Coleridge, Goethe, 
and other poets have confessed to the same 
infirmity. 

iii. The history of the publication of this 
lyric is very simple, the only noticeable 
feature being the changes in tho motto which 
may be taken as setting forth the meaning 
Cardinal Newman attached to it at various 
periods in his history. It was first nub. in 
the Brittih Magazine, March, 1 831, with tho 
motto " Faith-Heavenly Leadings ;" again 
in Lyra Apottoliea, 1836, p. 28, the motto 
reading, "Unto the godly there ariseth up 
light in the darkness": and again in the 
anthor's,Oeoa*t(moI Fersea, 1868, the motto 
being « The Pillar of tho Cloud." 

iv. Alterations in, and additions to, the text 
are not numerous. Bishop Bickersteth's ad- 
ditional stanza reads in theify. Oexnp.,'— 



LEAD ITS, HEAVENLY FATHEB 

" Meantime along the narrow ragged path, 
Thyself but trod, 
Lead, SsTtour, lead me borne m Child-like tilth 

Home to my God, 
To rest for ever after earthly strife 
In the calm light of everlasting life*" 
To this stanza Bishop Biokersteth has added 
this explanation in his Notes of 1876 : — 

" The laet Terse, which la founded on the Collect for 
St. John the Evangelist's day, and which it is hoped 
will be found In unison with those that precede it, waa 
added fey the Editor from a sense of need and from a 
deep conviction that the heart of the belated pilgrim 
can only Sod net In the Light of Light." 

Alterations of the text are few. In Dr. 
Sonar's Bible H. BL, 1815, Ho. 116, it 
begins, "Lead, Saviour, lead, amid the en- 
circling gloom " ; -and " the garish day," is 
changed to " the glare of day." Two or three 
books hare also adopted this reading. In the 
Hyt.for Church and Home, Complied by Mem- 
ber) of tke Protestant Episcopal Church, Phila- 
delphia, 1860, it begins, "Send, Lord, Thy 
light amid th' encircling gloom." " I loved 
the garish day," reads, **Iloveddo«*»da*tKnn 
ligU"; andetiii.ll. 1-4:— 

" So long Thy power hath bleit'd me, aunly Bttll 
'Twill lead me on 
Through drou 1 ? tours, through pain and torrow, till 
The night is gone.*" 

In the Unitarian Hy». of tke Spirit, Boston, 
U. B. A., 1861, the original first line is re- 
stored; " day's dazzling light *' is retained ; and 
the lines >Wa arc repeated with "dreary 
hoars" changed to dreary doubts* Another 
alteration is " Send kindly light," Ac (H. W. 
Beeoher's Plymouth ColL, 1855> The weak- 
ness of all these amendments is the surest 
safeguard against their general adoption. 

The hymn has been rendered into several 
languages. The Latin versions arc: — "OLui 
benign* duee," by the Bov. H.M. Maogill, 1876; 
and " O Lax. alma, bono protinuB auspice," 
by the Bev. Jackson Mason, and " Alma Lux, 
inter media tenebras," by "C. Q. G.," both in 
the Guardian of Jan. 3, 1883, [J. J.] 

Load us, Heavenly Father, lead ua. 

J. Edmetton. [Holy Trinity — Invocation of.'] 
Appeared in his Sacred Lyrics, set two, 1821, 
inSst.of 71., and entitled " Hymn, Written 
for the Children of the London Orphan Asy- 
lum (Air Lewes).' 1 In 1858 it was included 
In the Bap. Pt.&Eyt,, No. 561, and from that 
date it has grown gradually into favour until 
it has attained to a foremost place amongst 
modem hymns in all English-speaking coun- 
tries. It is generally given in a correct and 
complete form as in Turing's Call, 1882. It 
has been rendered into several languages, in- 
cluding Latin. The Bev. B. Bingham, in his 
Symno, Christ Lot* 1871, has fr. it us "Duo 
nos, Genitor Coeleetis." [J. J.] 

Loader of faithful souls, and Quide. 
O. Wesley. [The Christian Base.] Appeared 
in Hys. for those that Seek, and those that Have 
.Redemption, 1747, No, 41, in 8 St. of 6 1., and 
entitled "The Traveller" fP, Forts, 1868- 
72, vol, iv. p. 262). In 1776, Toplady included 
7 st. in bis PwJtm A Eys. as No. 269, and 
from thence it passed into various collections 
of the Church of England, including Bieker- 
steth'g Christian Psalmody, 1833, and others. 
As found in the Wt*. H, Bk., 1780, No. 69, 
and later editions, and in the collections of 



LEESON, JANE E. 



669 



other Methodist bodies, st. v. and vii. are 
omitted, Its American use is great. [J. J.] 

Xieaton-BlenkiUBopp, Edwin den- 
noil, m.a., s. of G, Leaton-Blenkinsopp, was 
b. Jon. 1, 1819, and educated at University 
College, Durham (b.a, 1839, m.a. 1342). Tak- 
ing Holy Orders, be was, in 1844, Curate of 
Ormskirk ; in 1851 Incumbent of St James's, 
Latham; in 1855 Chaplain to the English 
Army in Turkey, at Algiers in 1859, and at 
the Fortifications of Portsmouth in 1862. In 
1863 ho became Rector of Springthorpe, 
Lincolnshire. Mr Leaton-Blenkiusopp has 
pub. The Doctrine of Development tn the 
Bible and in the Church, 1869, and has con- 
tributed numerous papers to periodical litera- 
ture. His original hymns, together with trt. 
from the Latin, appeared in Lyra Meetianiea, 
1864 ; Lyra Mydioa, 1865 ; and The People's 
U. t 1867. The tn. arc annotated under tneir 
respective first Latin lines. His original 
hymns include : — 

1, noble martyr, thee we tinf. St. George. In 
the Pegple'i B., 186T . 

>. the Tree of Life in Eden stood, The Tret of Lffe. 
In Lyra JTystfco, 1866. 

S, 'When Israel came from JSgypt's land. Whitnm- 
tide* In Lyra Jteitianica, 1864. 

His signature is " E. L. B." [J. J.] 

Lett ihr Christen, so allhler auf 
Erden. [Fallowing Christ.] Founded on 
2 Tim. iv. 7, 8, and included as No. S52 in 
Freylinghausen's Neuet geistreichee 0. B., 
1714, and repeated as No. 635 in tho Berlin 
<?. L. 8., ed. 1863. 

Tr. aa :— " O fear not, Christians, that rough path 
to tread," by Miss Cox, In Lyra Sucharittica, 18M, 
p, m, MA her H. from the Ger., 1864, p. 9V. [J.M.] 

Lees, Jonathan, sprung from an old 
Nonconformist family in Lancashire, was b. at 
Manchester, Aug. 7, 1835. Ho was educated 
at Owens College and the Lancashire In- 
dependent College, and in 1861 went as 
Oongregationalist Missionary to Tientsin, in 
North China, where he has since laboured. 

Mr. Lees wee one of a band of young men who, about 
the year 1BS2, began the first Sunday Evening Bagged 
School in England, in Sharp Street, Angel Meadow, 
Manchester. For use In thla acbool he made a collec* 
tlon of hymns, which after a time was pubUshed aa 
Sacred Sangt for Hume A School (Brtmner, MuuAater.) 
Wine or ten of these hymns were composed by Mr. Lees. 
During hie residence in China be has pub, several col- 
lections of Temperance Melodiea,tbe largest and most 
recent being entitled Original £ StUcted Tbnperana 
Song*, together with Solot <e Mywnt, intended mafniv 
for the vte of Saitert in the Far Sasl. Shanghai, 
lest. Fifteen of these, oomposed chiefly to popular 
secular tones, are by Mr. Lees himself. Besides the 
hymns and songs contained in these books, about as 
other pieces have appeared on leaflets or in m agaaln e a. 
One, a missionary nymn commencing " They an 
coming I they are coming I " is in W. R. Stevenson's 
School Bymnal, where by mistake it la attributed to 
another author. 

One of the most widely used of Christian 
Hymnals in the Chinese language was edited 
by Mr, Lees in 1872 (London Mission, Tien* 
tern) ; and more recently he has prepared a 
smaller volume, consisting chiefly of transla- 
tions of the more popular hymns in I. D. 
Sankey's collection. For particulars concern- 
ing these books see Article on MUttens, Fenifa, 

[W.B.B.] 

Looaon, Jane K. The earliest work by 
Miss Leeson with which va are acquainted 



670 LEHR, LEOPOLD P. F 

la her Infant Hymnings. Then followed 
Hymns awl Scenes of ChudhoodiOrA Sponsor's 
Gift (London, James Bums; Nottingham, 
Duanlcn), 1842, in which tlie Infant Hymnings 
were incorporated. Concerning; Pt. ii. of the 
Hys. and Scenes, &c, Mies Lecson saj's, "For 
the beat of the Poems in the second part, the 
Writer is indebted to a friend." In tho Be7. 
Henry Formby's Catholic Hymns arranged in 
order far Ute principal Festivals, Feasts of 
Saint', and other occasions of Devotion through- 
out the Year, Lond., Buraa and Lambert, h.tj, 
[1851], " Imprimatur, N. Cardinalis Wiseman, 
May Srd, 1853," her tr. of Victimae Faschali 
(" Christ the Lord ia risen to-day"), and her 
"Loving Shepherd of Thy Sheep" (also in 
Hys. <E Scenes, 1842), were given nnder the 
signature "M. L." Her Paraphrases and 
Hymns for Congregational Singing (moat of 
" which were re- written from tlie Scottish 
Translations and Paraphrases ('i.V.J, J 781) 
were pub. by Wertheimer & Co., Lond., in 
1853. In the Irvingite Hys. for the Use of the 
Churches, 1864, there are Ave of her original 
hymns and four of her trs. from the Latin under 
the signature of "J. E.L. ;" and moat of these 
were repeated in the 2nd ed., 1871. In 
addition Mias Leeson ia the author of several 
other works, including The Christian Child? s 
Boob, 1848, The Child's Book of Ballads, 1849, 
Songs of Christian Cldvalry, 1848, Margaret, 
a I'oem, 1850, The Seven Spiritual Works of 
Mercy, nnd others. Hot liymns in 0. U. 
include : — 

1. A little child may know. God's loot of little 
Children. In Hy%. A 8. of Childhood, 1341, No. 20, in 
5 st. of 4 1. 

2. Dear Saviour, to Tky little lamhl. For Purity. 
In Upt. a) s. of Childhood, 1842, Ho. IS, in 4 st. of B 1. 

3. Father, I [we] lovely house of prayer. Public 
Wtrrthip, in Jlyz. A 8. of Childhood, 1842, No. 76, In 
Set. of 12 I. It is usually abbreviated. 

4. Have ye counted toe coat 1 Soldiers of the Cross. 
In Songs of christian Chivalry, 1B4B, p. a, in 10 st, of 
V I. Usually abbreviated as in the Enlarged London H. 
Bk., 13)3. 

5. In the dark and (flout night. Omfidtnee. In 
Tie Christian Child's Hook, 1B4S, in 3 et. of 3 1., with 
the refrain, "Hallelujah." It is in the Irish Church 
Hymnal, 1813, and other collections. 

6. Jesus Christ, my Xord and King . Child's Praise 
of Christ. In Hys. and 8. of Child/wod, 1842, No. 18, 
in S st. of 4 ' 



In her Paraphrases £ Hys., 1863, 



of glory, 
p. 34, in 



n Set- of 3 1. 

3. Saviour, teach me day by day, Obedtena. In 
Hyt. 4 S. of ChUdhood, 1842, No, 44, in 4 et. of 8 I. 
In several hymn-books in Great Britain and America. 

9. Songa of glory fill the aky. Christmas. In the 
Irvingite Ifyt.for the Use of the Churches, 1334, No. 21, 
In 3 et. of a 1., with the refrain " Hall [ Lord Jean." 

10, Stand wo prepared to see and hear. Adcenl. In 
tho Irvingite Hys. for the Use. of the Churches, ISM, 
No. 1)3, in 4 et. of B L Written in 1800. 

11. Sweet the leeaon Tenia taught. Christ 
blessing little Children. In ays. & S. qf Childhood, 

1B42, No. 1, In 6 St. Of 41. 

1), Wake the song, Zu»V« daughter. A cento of 
much excellence, which see. 

13, Wake, ye saints, the agar of triumph. Ascension. 
Written in 1861, and puh. In toe Irvingfte Hys. for the 
Use of the Churches, 1864, No. 63, in 4 st. of 6 I, with 
the refrain "Hallelujah." In st. ii.,. 1L 3, 4, and a are 
fromC. Wesley's "Hall the day that sees Him rbe." 

Misa Leeson'amoBt popular hymn, ''Laving 
Shepherd of Tliy Sheep," and her trs. from 
the Latin are noted elsewhere in this work. 
Of Miss Leeson's personal history we can 
gather nothing. B. 1807 ; d. 1882. [J. J.] 

Lehr, Leopold F ranz Friedrich, s. of 

Johona Jakob Lehr, Hofmtli at Cronenbnrg 



LELAND, JOHN 

(Cronberg, Kronberg), near Fnmkfurt-am- 
Main, was b. at Cronenbnrg, Sept. 3, 1709, 
and entered the University of Jena in 1720, 
In 1730 he went to Halle to study nnder J, J, 
Rambach and G. A. Francke; and bore lie 
also acted as tutor to the children of J. A, 
Freyliugiiauscii, and conducted devotional 
meetings at the Orphanage. In July 1731 he 
became a tutor at Cothen (Kothen) to tlie 
princesses of Anholt-Cdthen, and held this 
post till 1740, when he was appointed diaconus 
of the Lutheran church at Cothen, While on 
a visit to his ialher-in-law at Magdeburg he 
waa seized witli fever, and d. there, Jan. 26, 
1744, (Koch, vi. 446, &c.) 

Lear's hymns are full of love to Christ and of the 
wondere of the redeeming ojace of God. They are 
allied to those of Allendorf (q.v.), and were also tnoetly 
contributed to the CStlmische Lieder (p. SO, ii.), of 
which he was joint editor. In 1757 they were edited 
along with his other poetical works as bis Himlitches 
Verynugen in Gott und Chritto, Halle, 17S7. [Woml- 
gerode Library] by Samuel Helmich, then court preachor 
at GlQckatadt, Holateln, who bad married Lehr'e widow. 
Those which have prosed into English are i — 

1, Seln Holland nimmt die Sunder an. Lent or Ma 
Friend of Sinners. Written in 1731 or 1732 as a com- 
panion to the hymn "Jesus nimmt die Sander an" 
[eee Neumeiitar]. 1st pub. in the Mnige geistreiche 
Lieder, GLrtben, 1733, No. 3, in 11 st. of Id L, entitled 

11 Lake xr. 2. This Jesus receiveth einners and eateth 
with them." Included in S, J, Rambach'a Haus G. B., 
1733, No. 264, tbe BerUn G. L. S.. ed. 1363, No. 114, &c 
The trs. are t— 

(V) " My Saviour sinners doth receive, Whom with 
sin's." This is No. 217 in the Moravian H.Hk.,in». 
In the ed. of 1BS6, No, 258 begins with at. viii., " Come, 
all that heavy laden are." (i + ) " My Saviour sinners 
doth receive, Whom under burden," by Dr. John 
Ker In the United Fresh. Juvenile Hiss, Mayatim, 
May, 13SS. 

it. Bo tab 1 ich nun den Fell erreiehet. 3V ilocl of 
Jges. 1T33 as above, No. 4, in 3 at, of 10 I., entitled 
" Ia, nvi. 4. The Lord ia a rock for ever " (so Luther's 
version). In Rambacb's Haus G. B., 1735, ^o. 303, 
and the Berlin O. L. S., ed. 1863. The tr>. are : — 

(1) " I now have found the Rock of Ages," by Dr. 
H. Mitts, 1840 (ISM, p. 84}. (a) "I have at last 
attained tbe Bock," by Hist Warner, lass, p. 34. 

iU. Waa hinket ihr, betrogBS Seelen, Confirmation. 
An exhortation to true and whole-hearted earnestness, 
founded on 1 Kings iidli. 21. 1733 as atoove, No. 1, in 

12 Bt. of G I., and the refrain " Hindurch." In J. J. 
Rajnbach's fioai O. B., I73a, No. 338, nndtboDhu. L. S., 
18SI, No. 34S. Tr. as:— 

" Why haltest thus, deluded heart," by Hits Winb- 
worth, 18S5, p. 141 (1853, p. 143, beginning "Why halt 
thus, O deluded heart ">. [J. M.] 

I>eland, Jobn, an American Baptist min- 
ister, wob b. at Grafton, Massachnsetts, on 
May 15th, 1754, and began to preach at thn 
age of 20. From 1776 to 1790 he was in 
Virginia, and thereafter ia Massachusetts, 
mostly at Cheshire. He d. Jan. 14, 1841. 
His Sermons, Addresses, Essays and Auto- 
biogra^ky were pub. by his niece, Miss L. F. 
Greene, at Lonesboro, Massachu setts, in 1845. 
His influence seems to have been equalled by 
his peculiarities. We hear of his *' restless 
activity and Tovitig disposition"; his "mad 
devotion to politics," wherein he had much 
local and temporary weight ; bia " ready wit 
and endless eccentricities ;" as also of his high 
character. Of the hymns which hare been 
ascribed to him, some on doubtful authority, 
the following are tbe most important : — 

1. Th* day la paat and gone, The evening, fee. 
Evening. This is in universal American use, and 
Leland a claim to the authorship has never been 
disputed, although it is supported by no known 
particulars. It waa first made widely known 



LEON, JOHANNES 

by the Invaluable Hartford Selection (Congrega- 
tional) of 1799. Its first appearance, £0 far as 
known, was in Philomela, or, A Selection of Spiri- 
tual Songs, by George Boberts, Petersburg, 179 2, 
Ho. 82. 

S. when shall I see Jesui! The Christian 
Race. This vigorous lyric is ascribed by Dr. 
Hitchcock, in Hymns and Songs of Praise, 1874, ■ 
to Leland, It has generally been regarded as 
anonymous, and is of uncertain date, cir. 1807, 
or probably earlier. 

3. Ghrlsttans, if your hearta an warm. Holy 
Baptism. Adult. The only hymn by Leland 
which can be authenticated by date and circum- 
stances is this familiar doggerel : — 

11 Christians, if your hearts are warm. 
Ice and snow con do no barm." 

Dr. Belcher says, in his Historical Sketches of 
Hymns, &c, 1859, that it wag written for one of 
Island's large baptisms in Virginia, 1779. 

[F. M. B.] 

Leon, Johannes, was a satire of Oh*- 
druf, near Gotha. He wbb far some time an 
army chaplain, then in 1557 pastor at Konig- 
Hee (Schwarzburg - Budolstadt), in 1560 at 
Gross-Miib.lhe.uBen, and in 1575 at Wolfls, near 
Ohrdruf. Ho d, at Wolfis, about Easter, 1597 
(AUg. Deutsche Biog., xviii. 298; Waakernagel, 
i. pp. 166, 654 ; iv. p. 490, ftc. J. Leon's hymns 
appeared principally in his (1) HandbUchlim 
Frankfurt-am -Main, 1566, and (2) Trostbvch- 
lein. The cd. printed at Niimberg, 1611, has 
a preface of Dec. 9, 1588, so that the first ed. 
was probably 1589. His hymns are reprinted 
in Waekernagel, iv., Nos. 671-715. The only 
hymn ascribed to him which has passed into 
English is:— 

Ion lib main Sash Ortt heungesteUt, For the 
Dying. Wachernagel, iv. p. 519, gives this, in 
18 st. of 5 1., from the Psalmen, geistliche Lieder 
und Kirchengesang, Niirnberg, 1589 ; with a long 
note, in which he traces all the st. anre ii., xiv., 
xv., xvii., to Loon's Troslb&ehlein, and to his 
Leic/t-Predigten [i.e. "Funeral Sermons"], 1581- 
82. Mstzell, No. 347, cites it as in the Psalmen, 
geistliche lAeaet und Zobgesange, Strassburg, 
n.d., but apparently before 1587. In the Berlin 
G. L. S, ed. 1863, Ho. 1460. 

This hymn bis been frequently ascribed to Dr. 
Jobann Pappus [b. Jan. 16, 154fl, at Llndau on the 
Lake of Ooratanij 16T1, professor of Hebrew at the 
Unlveislfy of Strassbnrg; d. at Strassborg, Jo!y 13, 
]«ie]i but Gals ascription him not been trMod earlier 
than about 1640, e.g. in the Octntfpnole gocrum, Gotha, 
pt. Ill, is*8, No. is, ana the KBnJgsbsrg G. B., less, 
p. BM. Lauxmann, in Koch, Till. so», thinks that 
Pappus may have arranged the hymn in its preeent 
form. It was probably niggested Iw a sane beginning, 
" Icb hi* meine Sach m GoW gestellt " which Wacker- 
nagtt. 111., Nos. 1242, 1213, quotas from a Leiprig 
broadsheet ef IBM, and other sources. 

This hymn has been tr. as : — 

1. Jtr Life I sew to flsd resign. By J. C 

Jacobi, in his Psal. Gar., pt. ii., 1725, p. 56 
(1732, p. 199), omitting at. vii., xv., xvi. Re- 
peated in the Moravian H. Bi., 1754, pt. i., No. 
313 (1886, No. 1242, beginning with the tr. of 
st. viiL, "Teach us to number so our days"), 
and in J. A. Lvtrobe's Coll., 1841 and 1852. In 
the Bible H. Bh., 1845, it begins with st. iii., 
" What is this life t a constant scene." 

t. My all I to my QtA aommend. A very good 
tr. of at. L, iii., vi., viii., i , ii., xiv., xvii., by 
A. T. Russell) as No. 2«, in his Pt. f Hy*., 1851 ; 



LET EABTH AND HEAVEN 671 

repeated, abridged, in Dr. Puganstecher's Coll., 
1864, and Kennedy, 1863, No. 156, Dr. Kennedy, 
also gives a cento, beginning with the tr. of st. 
x., "Few are our days and sad below." 

8. My cause is flea's, and I am itiH, A good 
tr, of st. i., ii.-xiv., xYi.-xvi.ii., by Miss Wink- 
worth, in her Lyra Gcr., 2nd Scr., 1858, p. 210; 
repeated, omitting the trs. of st. iii., ivii,, in 
her C. B.for England, 18G3, No. 127. [J. M.] 

L«Bli«, Emma. [Tehe, Emma.] 

Leslie, Mary Eliza, is daughter of An- 
drew Leslie, for many years Baptist mis- 
sionary in Calcutta, was b. lit Monghyr, Jan. 
13, 1881, became a member of her father's 
church, and having received a superior edu- 
cation, was for eight years Superintendent of 
an Institution for the education of Hindoo 
young ladies. Since 1877 Miss Leslie has been 
engaged in various kinds of philanthropic 
work in Calcutta. Her publicationsinclude: — 
(1) /na and Other Foemt, 1S6J. (2) Sorrows and 
Atpirationt, 1868. (3) M&srt Bchoetfj-ina the Bait ; or, 
Sacred Lyria and Sonnets (London, Nlsbet, IBfll). (4) 
The ittiwt a/ IAg\t ; a Story for Hindoo Women, 18S1. 
(&) Battern Blossom; a. Story for natfw Christian 
Women, 18TS. («) AChildof ike Day, \U1. 

In the Heart Echoes from the Mast is a lyric 
beginning "They are gathering homeward 
from every land {Death contemplated), which 
has been exceedingly popular, and has been 
reprinted in many forms. It is in W. 11. 
Stevenson's Scliool Hymnal, 1880. Sevcrul of 
Miss Leslie's lyrics and sonnets arc very good, 
and worthy of the attention of hymn-Wlc 
compilers. fW- K. S.] 

Let all the 'world In every corner 
Sing. O. Herbert. [Praise (o God, the King.'] 
First pub. posthumously in his Temple, in 
1633, p. 43, in tlie following form :— 
" ATntrnOKE. 
1 f Cho. Let all the world In ev*ry comer sing, 
My Cfod and King. 
" Vert. The heavens are not too high, 
Hia prniiq may [hither Die : 
The earth la nut too low. 
His praises there may grow. 
*' Cho. Let all the world In ev'ry oomcr sing, 
My (iod and King. 
u Vers, The church irith psalms matt shout. 
No doore can keep them oat : 
Hut above all, the heart 
Must besr the longest part. 
** Cho. Let all tae worlil in ev'ry oomer sing, 
My God and KIbb." 
Although admirably adapted for musical 
treatment, the original form of the text is 
not popular with modern editors. We havo 
the original in Th ring's Coll., 1882; and in 
the Hymnary, 1872, the same, with the addi- 
tion of a doxology. Usually the text is re- 
arranged, sometimes, as in the S. P. C. K. 
Church Hys., 1871 ; Hordefs Gong. Hyt>., 1884, 
&o. ; and again, in other collections in a dif- 
ferent manner. This hymn is also in C. U. 
in America. [J, J.] 

Let earth and heaven agree, Angela 
and men, &e. C. Wesley. [Praise of 
Jesus as the Bedeemer.'] Appeared in the 
Hys.om God's Everlasting Love, London, 1741, 
No. 11, in 10 st. of 6 1. (P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. iii. p. 71). In whole or in paTt, it soon 
came into general use not only by the followers 
of the Wealeya, but also by many who, on 
GalvinUtic grounds, opposed them, and against 



672 LET JACOB TO HIS MAKER 

Whom the Hys. on God's Everlasting Love 
were mitten. M. Madan included st, i.-iv. 
in hit Pi. A Hyt. t 1760, No. 90, and this 
form of the hymn was repeated by A. M, 
Toplady in his Ps. dV Hys., 1776 ; and again 
by others to modem hymn-books in the 
Church of England. Nonconformists also 
copied this form of the hymn. In the Wes. 
H. Bk., 1780, st. i.-v., vii, and is. were given 
as No. 33. This is the form of the hymn 
moat popular in G. Britain and America. The 
following centos, are also in C. U : — 

1. Jtnu, hvmoBlaaM Home. Composed of it. Hi, 
iv., vii. and tx., la ia the American Andover SatibatA B. 
Bk., 1858, sad otberj. 

S. Jwui, tiaiuporti&g- sound. In the Hymnary, IBM, 
this Is composed of rt. U.^ty., vl.-lx., i„ consldernWj 
altered. 

In G. J. Stevenson's MeSwdut It. Bk. Notes, 
1883, p. 42, several interesting reminiscences 
of this hymn are recorded, mainly from Wea- 
leyan sources. [J. J,] 

Let Jacob to his Maker sing. P. 
Doddridge. [God (fto Guide of Israel.'] 1st 
pub. in Jo!) Qrton's edition of Doddridge's 
(posthumous) Hymns, So., 1755, No. 102, in 
3 st of 4 1., and again in J. D. Humphreys's 
edition of the same, 1839, No. 118. It is in 
C. U. in its full form in America, and also, 
beginning with st ii, as ** God knows our 
souls in all their fears," in the Boston Church 
Pastorals, 1864. [J. J.] 

Let me alone [another] this only 
year. 0. Wesley. [Death Anticipated.'] Pub.in 
Preparation for Death in Several Hymns, 1772, 
No. 43, in 4 st of 8 1. (P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. vii. p. 396). In 1880 it was given in 
the supplement to the Wet. H. Bit. as "Let 
mo alone another year"; and this has been 
repeated in a few collections. The hymn 
" Because for me the Saviour prays," in the 
American Meth. Episco. .ffjwww, 1849, No. 381, 
is from this hymn, and begins with the second 
half of st. L with the lines transposed. [J. J.] 

Let me toe with Thee where Thou 
art. Charlotte EUiott, [Heaven Anticipated 
and Desired.] This hymn, which is usually 
attributed to the 1st ed. of Miss Elliott's 
Hours of Borrow, &c, 1636, really appeared 
in her brother's Brighton Ps. & Hys., 3rd 
thousand, 1839, No. 412, in 4 st. of 4 1., and 
signed " O. E" It was repeated, with slight 
alterations, in her Bye. for a Week, 18*2 ; and 
again, slightly altered, in late editions of the 
Invalid) H. Bk. The text usually followed 
by modern editors is that of 1842, as in Lord 
Selboroe's Bk. of Praise, 1862, where it is 
given with the change in st iv., 1. 3, of 
"life nor death" to "death nor life," The 
S. P. C. K. Church Hymns, 1871, is au ex- 
ception in favour of several changes in the 
text, and Kennedy's, 1863, is the greatest 
departure from the original. The American 
books vary in their tests in common with 
those of G. Britain. [J. J.] 

Let not your hearts with anxious 
thoughts. William Robertson. [Ascension.'] 
First appeared as No. 14 in the Draft Scottish 
Translations and Paraphrases, 1745, aa a 
version of John xiv. 1-5, in 6 st of 4 1. In 
the Draft of 1781, No. 42, st ill was omitted; 
rt- iv, rewritten; and ei i. slightly altered. 



LET THERE BE LIGHT 

Thence, unaltered, in the public-worship ed. 
issued in that year by the Church of Scotland 
and still in use. In the markings by the eldest 
daughter of W. Cameron (p. too, il.) the original 
is ascribed to Robertson, and the alterations 
in the 1 781 text to Cameron, The revised 
text of 1781 is included in the Eng. Preab, 
Pt. <t Hymns, 1867, and a few other collec- 
tions, in Porter's Selection, Glasgow, 1853, 
it is altered to " Let not your hearts — 'tis 
Jesus speaks," and in the Twickenham Chapel 
Coll., 1845, p. 60, to " Let not your hearts be 
troubled now." [J. M.] 

Let party names no more. B.Beddome. 
[For Unity.] 1st pub. in the Bristol Bap, 
Coll. of Ash and Evans, 1769, No. 360, ia 
i st. of 4 I., entitled " Christian Love," and 
signed " B. B." It was also given in Bed- 
dome's (posthumous) Bymns, &a, 1817, No. 
638, but with the title changed to ''Com- 
munion of Sainta." In some nymn-books it 
begins with st. ii., " Among the sainta on 
earth " ; and in others the opening line is 
changed to " Let name* of ttrtfe no more." 
In its various forms it is in extensive use 
amongst Nonconformists, and especially in 
America. [J. J] 

Let saints on earth their anthems 
[voices] raise. J. Bvane. [Praise to Jesus 
as the Prince of PeaceJ Pub. in the 2nd ed. 
of Border's ColL of Hymns, 1784, No. 191. in 
4 st of 4 1, and headed " Prince of Peace." 
It is found in several modem hymn-books, 
as Spurgeon'sO. O. H. Ek„ 1866; Snepp's 
Songs of G. * <?.. 1872, and others. [J. J J 

Let songs of praises flU the sky. 3*. 

CotteriU. [ Whitsuntide.] Pub. anonymously 
in his Rejection, 8th ed., 1819, No. 229, in 4 at 
of 6 1. ; and again, with his name, in Mont- 
gomery's Christian Psalmist, 1825, No. 291. 
It is in C. U. in most English-speaking coun- 
tries, and sometimes reduced to an. as in the 
New Cong., 1859 and 1874. [J. J.] 

Let such, as would with wisdom 
dwell, William Cameron. [Godly Sorrow.] 
First appeared as No, 14 in the Draft Scottish 
Translations and Paraphrases, 1761, as a 
version of Eccles, vii. B~6, in 5 st. of 4 I. 
In the public worship ed. issued in that year 
by the Church of Scotland and still in use, 
st. i. was reversed, 11. 1, 2, being given aa 
11. 3, 4; and 11 3, 4 rewritten, so that it 
began "While others crowd the house of 
mirth ; " 11. 1, 2 of st. it being also rewritten, 
and 11. 1, 3 of stiii. altered. In the markings 
of the Trs. 4 Paraphs, by the eldest daughter 
of W. Cameron (p. 800, ii.) it is ascribed to 
Cameron. The revised text of 1781 is in- 
cluded in the United Fresb. H. Bk., 1852, 
Porter's Selection, Glasgow, 1853, and a few 
other collections. [J. M.] 

Let the 'world lament their dead. 

C. Wesley. [Burial.] Appeared in Hys. & 
Sac. Poems, 1742, in 6 at of 8 1. (P. Works, 
vol. ii. p. 186> In the We*. B. Bk., 1780, 
st, iv.-vi. were given as No. 57 : " Jesus, 
faithful to HU word," and this abbreviated 
form of the hymn has been repeated in several 
collections, and is still in 0. V. [J. J.] 

Let there toe light! Thus spake the 
Word. J. Montgomery. [Minion*.] This 



LET US ASK THE IMPORTANT 

hymn nu printed is the Evangelical Magazine, 
June, 1818, in 8 st. of 4L,and headed "Hymn 
composed for the Anniversary of the Mil- 
aionary Society by J. Montgomery, Esq., and 
sung at Spa Fields Chapel, May 11th, 1818." 
Jt was included in Cotterill's BeL, 8th ed., 
1819, No. 236, in 4 st of 81. In Montgomery's 
Christian Ptalmitt, 1825, No. 654, st. iv. is 
omitted, and the rest are divided into 6 at, of 
4 1. This form is repeated in his Original 
Bymnt, 1853, No. 260, is the revised text, and 
is in several collections in G, Britain and 
America. The hymn " From day to day, 
before our eyes," in Boeeher's Plymouth Coll., 
1855, the N. Y. Song* for the Sanctuary, 1865, 
and other American hymn-books, is composed 
of st iv.-viiL of the Evangelical Magazine 
text of 1818, (Cotleriir$ st. iii., iv,). f J, J,] 

Let us ask the important question. 
J. Hart. [Pastivntide.] Pnb. in his Bymns, 
&c, 1759, No. 56, in two parts, the seoond 
being "Great High Priest, we view Thee 
stooping," and headed "Faith and Bepent^ 
ance." Pt. i., in 5 st. of 8 1., asks find answers 
the important question, ""What is it to be a 
Christian?" and Pi ii., in 3 st. of 8 1., is a 
Prayer based upon tlie answer given in Ft. i. 
Both parts are in 0. U., but the second (" Great 
High Priest, &o."), which is by far the finer 
of the two, is also by far the more popular. 
It is in several collections in G. Britain and 
America. [J. J.] 

Let us love, and sing, and -wonder. 

J. Newton. [Praise for Sedeeming Love.] 
Appeared in his Tmenty Six, Letter* on Jteli- 
gtott* Subject*, by Omicron, 1774, in 6 st of 
6 1., and headed, "Praise for Redeeming 
Love." It was also given in the Gospel Maga- 
tine. May, 1774, and in the Olney Bymnt, 
1779, Bfc. iii., No. 82. It is in C. U, in G. 
Britain anil America, and sometimes in an 
abbreviated form. [J. J.] 

Let ub praise God this day. [I7w 
Annunciation,'] Included anonymously iu 
By*, for the Festival* and Saint* Day* of 
the Church of England, Oxford, 1846. It was 
repeated, with the addition of a doxology, in 
Stietton s Church By*., 1850, in Johnston's 
English Byl., 1852, and other collections. The 
text of B. A. & M., 1875, is from Fallows^ 
Sat., 1847. In addition to the original, two 
altered forms of the text are in C. V. : — 



LET WORLDLY MINDS 



6T3 



1. PniMwatbalordtbiiiiy. This dightly altered 
' " - Bj/mm.1, 1SBS j the f " 

ji. juc.jouj j AcniwiY (with HW dfOOtof 

S. P. C. K. Church By*., 1811, fee. Ths last-named 



t«xt was given in MairjLy'B Si/anal, 1891 
H.Bk.,ls&1; JCnmalw (with new dsaah 



Salisbury 
), 1863 ; the 



has Murra.y't text with the omission of M. 111. 

f. (miss tbt Lori this a»j. This Wit Is tb«^n- 
nary, IMS, li oomewbtt freely eltered, and !■ In limited 
use. [J. J.] 

Let ns Blng the King Messiah, J. 
Bylattd. (Praise to Christ as Sing.] This 
fine paraphrase of Pa. xlv., in 7 st. of 6 1., is 
dated by Dr. Byland's son " July 31st 1790 " 
[s. xss.]. It appeared iu Bymns Included for 
the Use of the Untied Congregation* of Bristol 
at their Monthly Prayer Meeting* far the Saecest 
of the Gospel at Home and Abroad, begun in 
1797, Bristol, 1798. The Preface is dated 
Feb. 26, 1798, and is signed by eight ministers 
of whom Dr. Ryland is first on the list. This 
hymn was given, with omissions, in the Bap. 



New Selection, 1828 ; and subsequently in 
numerous collections in G. Britain and Ame- 
rica. The original text is given in Byland's 
Pastoral Memorial*, 1825, and in D. Sedg- 
wick's reprint of Byland's Bymns, 1862. 

[W. T. B.] 
Let us the sheep in Jesus named. 
J. Cennick. [Praise to Jesus, ike Good Shep- 
herd.] Pub. as a "Hymn of Praise in a Dia- 
logue," in his Sacred By*, for the Vse of Be- 
ligious Societie*, Bristol, 1743, Pt. i., No. iv., 
in 5 st of 4 L ; and again, in the same year, 
in his Sacred By*, for the Children of God in 
the Bay* of their Pilgrimage, Lond., 1743. 
This, in common with all Dialogue hymns 
with the Moravians, was sang antiphonally, 
the men taking the first half of each verse, 
and the women the second. The opening 
stanzas of this hymn are thus printed for anti- 
phonal singing: — 

l. " Let us the Sheep In Jeans nam'd, 
Our Shepherd's Merer Mew : 
Let ut, vjham Jenu hath redtatfd, 
Skew forth our Thantyulnett. 
9. " Not unto us ! to Thee Alone, 

Bless'd Lamb, be Gkny siv'n ; 
Sen Khali Thy Praise* be begun, 
But carried on in tieaven." 
In its original form this hymn is unknown 
to the modem collections, bat, beginning with 
st. ii., as :— 

" Kot unto us 1 hut Thee alone, 
Bless'd Lamb, be glory given," 
it appeared in Bippon's Bap. Bel., 1787, No. 
884, and is found in several modern hymnals 
in G. Britain and America, including the Bap. 
P*. & By*., 1858 and 1880. Spurgeon's 0. 0. 
B. Eh., 1866, and others. The first stanza of 
the hymn, " Not unto us but to Thy name " 
(q.v.J, is also from this hymn. [W. T. B.] 

Let us with a gladsome mind. /. 

Milton. [P*. czxxvi.] This paraphrase of 
Ps. 136 was written according to his bio- 
graphers, Warton and Mitford, in 1628, when 
Milton was fifteen, and attending St. Paul's 
School, London. It appeared in his Poem* 
in English and Latin, 1645 (2nd ed. 1673), in 
24 st. of 2 1., with the refrain— 

" For His mercies are endure, 
Ever faithful, ever sure." 
In its full form it ia not in C. U., but numerous 
abbreviations, all beginning with the opening 
stanza, are in use in all English-speaking 
countries. Another arrangement in L. m., and 
without the refrain, is given in Martineau's 
Hymns, 1840, No. 100, as " let us, with a 
joyful mind." Sir H, W. Baker's version of 
Ps. oxxxvi., "Praise, O praise our God and 
Bang"; H. Trend's "Praise, O praise our 
heavenly King," in Skinner's Daily Service 
Hymnal, 1864, the People's B., 1867, and 
outers : and T. Darling's " Come, and let as 
praises aing," in his Hymnt, 1887, are all 
based upon Milton's text [J. J.] 

Let worldly minds the world pursue, 
X Newton. [Dedication of self to God.] Pub. 
in B. Conyera's P*. & By*., 1774, No. 1 80, and 
again in the Olney Hymns, 1779, Bt iii.j No. 59, 
in 6 st of 4 ]., and headed " Old things are 
passed away." It is in C. V. in its fall form, 
and also abbreviated, beginning with st iii, 
" As by the light of opening day." This 
abridged text is more popular than the fall 



674 LET ZION'S WATCHMEN 

form of the hymn. It was given in Bicker- 
steth's Christian Psalmody, 1833, and is found 
in several modern hynrn-lwoka. [J. J.] 

Let Zicm's watchmen all awake. 
P. Doddridge. [Ordination — Etnlier Days'] 
Written at " Floor, Oct. 21, I73G" [d. mss.], 
in 5 st. of 4 3. This is Floore in North- 
amptonshire, and the hymn was written for 
the ordiuntion. of a Minister, probably for that 
place. It was pub. in Job Orion's ed. of 
Doddridge's (posthumous) Hymns, &c, 1755, 
No. 324 ; and again in J. D. Humphreys's ed. 
of the same, 1839, No. 350. Its use is ex- 
tensive, especially in America. [J. J.] 

Lowers, Jane. [Gray, Jane.] 

Lewis, George, d.d., of Llatiuwchllyn, 
was b. at Trelocli, Caertnatthenahiru, in 1762. 
His parents were members of the Established 
Church, but he became a minister of the 
Independents. He was a learned man, and 
highly respected by all who knew him. He is 
the author of several -works of great value, 
and the hymn "Hhyfedd na buaswn 'nawr" 
was composed by him. He d. in 1822, 

[W. G. T.] 

. Lie down, flrail body, here. IT. Monar. 
[Burial.'] Appeared in his Hys. of Faith and 
Hope, 1st series, 1857, in 13 st. of 4 1., and 
entitled, " The Flesh resting in Hope." It is 
given in an abridged form in a few collec- 
tions, including Dale's Englvsli H. Bk., 1874. 
From it also is taken the cento " Rest for the 
toiling hand." [J. J.] 

Lie.be die du mich zum Bilde. J. 
Schefter. [The Love of Christ.] No. 107, in 
Bk. iiL, 1657, of his Heiiign Seelenlust ( Werke, 
1862, i. p. 180), in 6 st, of 6 lines, entitled, 
" She [the Soul] surrender herself to the 
Everlasting Love. Included as No. 35 in the 
Berlin <?. L. S, ed. I8G3j with an additional 
st. as iv., " Licbe die da Kraft und Leben," 
added when the hymn was given in the Ge.hU 
reiehtt ff. B., Halle, 1697, p. 184, 

" It la one of the most beautiful and profound hymns 
of tbe spiritual love of the soul to her Saviour," says 
Lauxmanu in Koch, vllL 290. Wetzel, In his A. /£, ij. 
771-776. relates that one evening in 1723 Benjamin 
Schultze, a German missionbTy at Madras, Gang it from 
Frtylingbausen, and was so delighted with it that 
he determined that his Malabar scholars ehould share 
lis pleasure . That evening tie translated verse after 
verse, not resting 1111 be had finished It two bourn 
after midnight. Tbe success he attained Led him to 
translate 103 hymns fruni tbe German which are; stli] 
sung in South India. 

Translations in C. U. :— 

1, Xord, Thine image Thou hast lent me. By 
J, C. Jacobi, in his Psal. Gcrmanica, 1720, p. 1, 
in 7 st. It is one of his best trs. It was 
slightly altered in his ed. 1722, p. 33, und agiiin 
in his ed. 1732, p. 56 ; and thence in the Moravian 
H. Bk., 1754, Lady Huntingdon's Selection, 1780, 
and Dr. Pngeustecher's Coll., 1864. St. i., in., iv., 
vii., were included in the Pennsylvania Luth. 
Ch. Bk., 1S68, and the Ohio Luth. Hal., 1880. In 
the Moravian H. Bk., 1789 (1849, No. 21), it was 
considerably altered, and began, " In Thine image, 
Lord, Than mad'st me." A cento in 5 st. of 4 ]., 
beginning, " Love divine I I would arlore Thee," 
is in the Roxburgh Place Coll., Edinburgh, 1834 ; 
and sts. i.-iv., slightly altered from the 1826 Mo- 
ravian, are in the Dalston Hospital H. Bk., 1848. 

8. In Thine Image thou didst make us. As 



LIEBICH, EHRENFEIED 

No. 54 in the Cooke-Denton Hymnal, 1853, ia 
3 st. of 6 1., and a dosology. It is based on 
Jacobi, but is entirely rewritten by Canon 
Cooke, This was repeated, unaltered, in the 
Salisbury II. Bk., 1857, New Zealand Hyl., 1870 
Parish H. Bk., 1875, and, slightly altered, iu 
the SvuinHyl., 1868, 

3. Leve, Who Jbrmedst me to wear. An 
exceedingly good (/-. ■« 7 st. by Miss Winkworth 
iu her Lyra Gcr., 2nu Ser., 1858, p. 96, and as 
No. 47 in her C. B. for England, 1863. This 
has come into extensive use, and is included in 
full in the Nev> Zealand Hyl,, 1870, aud in 
Schail's Cltrist'in Song, 1869, p. 414. In 1861 
it was included, slightly altered and with the 
omission ofst. iv., v., in H. A. $ M., and repeated 
in the revised ed, of 1875, and other hymnals. 
Other centos are in the People's H. t 1867 ; 
Horder's Cong. Hyl., 1884, &c 

Other tn. are:— (1) "Love divine! 'neath hamau 
feature," in the Christian. Treasury, 1869, p. iss. (a) 
" Loved One 1 who by grace hast wrought me,™ by 
Mrs. Findlater. in H. L. £., 1862, p, 40 (1884, p. 307). 

(3) "Love, Who in the first beginning, by Mitt Cra, 
ISM, p. 201 ; repeated in the mra\Aan ff. Bk., less. 

(4) "Love, which in Thine image made me," by R. 
Massie, in the British Herald, Nov, 1806", p. 168, and 
Heitl's .Praise .Bit., 187*. [J. M.] 

Liebioh, Hhrenfried, was b. July 15, 
1713, at Probstliain, near Goldberg, Silesia, 
where his father was a miller. He assisted 
his father in the mill np to Ins sixteenth year, 
ond was thereafter allowed to study at the 
Latin school at Schvreidnitz, and the St. Eli- 
sabeth school at Breslau. At Easter, I7S8, he 
entered tiie University of Leipzig as a student 
of Theology, and on concluding his course in 
1740, was for some time engaged iu private 
tuition. In April, 1742, he became pastor at 
Lomnitz and Erdmannsdorf, near Hirschberg, 
Silesia, and remained there till his death on 
Jane 23, 1780 (Koch, vi. 301 ; AV.j. DeuUcM 
Biog., xviii. 584, &e.), 

Lichicb is one of the best German hymn-writers of the 
middle of the lbth century ; Scriptural, heartfelt, and 
good in style, always edifying, if sometimes too didactic, 
lfe had begun hymn-writing about 1740, and contributed 
8 hymns to the Hlrschterg O. B., 1*52.* A copy of 
this book fell into the bands of C. F, Gellert during a 
visit to Carlsbad in 1763, and through his encourage- 
. ment Liebioh began again to compose nymns. He pub. 
his compositions as r (O GeistUcAe Littler vn& Odea, 
&c, HixBchberg and Leipzig, 1708, with Hi hymns, 
(2) New ed., Liegnitx, 1773j with a seoond part, en- 
titled, Geittliche Lieder fur Srbawtng, LlegnitsG, 1774, 
with 04 hymns. 

A considerable number of his hymns passed 
into German C. U., and still hold their place. 
Those which hove been tr. into English are : — 

i. I)ir,dir,duu>eiora]lerOaben, Harvest Thanhs- 
giving. 1768, p. 128, in 16 st. of 6 1., entitled, 
" The Goodness of God in the Harvest." This 
has passed into English through the following 
forms. 

1. dust doeh be! iter rewhem Erate. This is 
st. xi.-ivi., as altered by J, S, Diterich, in the 
Berlin O, B^ 1780, No, 172 ; repeated in the 
Berlin G. L. S., ed. 1863. From this form the 
recasts of st. xii.-ivi., beginning, " Kommt, 
Christen, Gottes Huld iu feiern," were included, 
as No. 250, in Bunseu's Versuch, 1833, and tr. as: 

Come, OhxUtiaiu, praise yoor Vaker's goodneji, 
A good tr. from Bunten, by Miss Winkworth, as 
No. 181, in her C. B. for England; repeated in 
the Ohio Emng. Luth. Hyl. 1880. 

2, 'Wfr ktv^iiaer. deiue Huld zu feiern. This is a 



LIBBSTEK IMMANUEL 

very greatly altered form of st. xii. ff., as No. 
850, in the Berlin ff. B., 1829 ; retaining little 
either from Liebich or Diterich. It is repeated 
in Bunsen's Versuch, 1333, No. 666, and the 
Wiirttemberg 0, B., 18*2, No. 543. The tr. in 
C. U. from this form is : — 

V* come, ou hearts witii gladness glowing , A 
good tr. from the teit of 182(1, by Miss Cor, in 
her Sacred Hys. from tko German, 1841, p. 199 ; 
repeated, abridged, in the American Unitarian 
Hys. for Vie Ch. of Christ, Boston, 1853, and 
in Archdeacon Pott's Coll., 1861. 

Another tr. is ; "0 Lord, Chy goodness we adore," 
by iJt&y £. ftoiactte, 1843, p. 2». 

11. Gott 1st gotten i Bmn Hen, sein Vuterhera. 
That in God. 1768, p. 181, in 9 st. of 9 ]., 
entitled, "The faithful God, 1 Cor. j. 13." It 
is a beautiful hymn, and has been specially ap- 
preciated in VFtirttatnberg, where it is found in 
the Wnrtteraberg <?. B., 1791, No. 24 (1843, 
No. 45), Leuimann, in Koch, viii. 416, says it 
was the favourite hymn of J. C. F. Steudel, Pro- 
fessor of Theology at Tubingen, who d. 1837 ; 
was sung by the Wiirttemberg contingent at a 
field service near Toul, in Angnst, 1870, during 
the Franco-German War, fee. The trt. are : — * 

1, Our God is true 1 Them. He will ne'er forsake. 
In foil, by Dr. H. Mills, in his Horae Ger., 1845 
(1856, p. 182); repeated, abridged, in the Amer. 
Luth. Gen. Synod's Coll., 1853, and the Ohio 
Huang. Lath. Hyl, 1880. 

). My God la true .' Hi» heart, a Father 1 ! heart. 
A good and full tr. by R. Massie, in his Lyra 
Domestica, 2nd Ser., 1384, p. 119; repeated, in 
full, in Beid's Prafcs Bk., 1873 ; and abridged 
ia tha Ibrox Hyl, 1871. 

iiL Hiarlat main Hen! Xeui Qott, lob getf ei dir. 
Self-surrender to God. 1768, p. 79, in 9 st. of 
9 L (11. 1, 9 of each st. being "Hier ist mein 
Hers"), entitled, "Surrender of the heart to 
God," and suggested by Proverbs niii. 26. In- 
cluded, as No. 763, in tie Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 
1868. Tr. as :— 

Here la my heart ! my God I give It Thee. A 
good tr., omitting st. iv., by Mrs. Findlater, in 
H. L. L., 1st Ser., 1854, p. 16 (1884, p. 21). 
Included, in full, in Boardman's Bel., Phila- 
delphia, U.S., 1861; Lyra Evcharistica, 1863 
and 1B64, &c. The trs. of St. i.-iii., v,, reduced 
to 6 8'*, and beginning, "Here is my heart, I give 
it Thee," were included in the American Sabbath 
H. Ek~, 1858 ; and, repeated, omitting st. ii., in 
the Christian H. Bk., Cincinnati, 1865. 

Iwi So brtngen wir dm Lelb eut Huh. Burial. 
1774, p. 304, in 13 St., entitled, " At the burial 
of a corpse." In the Bavarian G. B., 1854, No, 
229, beginning " Sun bringen wir." Tr. as, 
"This body, weary and distressed," by Dr. H. 
Harbaugh, in the German lieformed Guardian, 
June, 1863, p. 187. [J. M.] 

Liebster Immanuel, Herzog der 
Frommen. [Love to Christ'] Included in 
Dr. Ahasuerus JTritsch's HimmeU-Lust, 2nd 
cd., 1G79 [Leipzig Town Library ; cot in 
lit ed.. 1670], No. 86, p. 343, in 5 at. of 6 1, 
entitled " The evorwished for sweet Jeans." 
The hymn has been ascribed to Fritsch (b, 
Deo. 16, 1629, at Mirohelu on the Geissel near 
Merseburg; became, 1657, tutor to Count 
Albert Anton of Schwarzburg-Iludolstadt ; d, 
Aug. 24, 1701, as Chancellor and President of 
the Coosistory at BndoUtadt), but on no dear 



LIFE IS THE TIME 675 

evidence. In the Berlin Q. L. 8., ed. 1863, 
No. 1342. In the Geistreiehes 6. U., Halle, 
1697, p. 160, and many later books, it be«ms, 
"Sohonsterlmmamiel." Thefr. inC. U. is: — 

Dearest Immannel, Prince of the lowly, A tr. 
of st. i.-iv., by M. W. Stryker, as No. 183 in his 
Christian Chorals, 1885. [J, M,] 

Liebeter Jean! du wirat kommen, 
[Advent] Included in the Geistreiche» G. B., 
Halle, 1697, p. 257, in 10 st. of 5 I. Repeated 
in Porst'a G. B., 1713 (ed. 1855, No. 561, as- 
cribed to Christoph Pfeiffer, wlio was only 
born in 1689). The tr. in C. U. is:— 

Jaiua, Saviour, onoe again. A good but rather 
free tr, of st. t.-iii., v., rii., by Miss Dunn in 
her H.from the Ger., 1857, p. 47. Repeated in 
full in Dr. Pagenstecher's Coll., 1864 ; and, omit- 
ting st. iii., in Curwen's Sjbbath H. Bk., 1859. 

Another tr, ia : — " Precious Jesus ! Thy returning, " 
In the BritiiK Berald, Oct. 16(86, p. 344, and Keii'j 
Praia flfc, 18M, No. S38. [J. M.] 

Liebster Jesu wir sind bier Deinem 
Worte naebzuleben. B. Sdimolck. [Holy 
Baptism."] let pnb.inl>is Heilige Flnmmtn{e& 
1709, No. 115, p. 180, apparently first in the 
3rd ed., 1706), in 7 st of 6 )., entitled " Season- 
able Reflections of the sponsors on their way 
with the child to Baptism." Included in many 
German collections, and recently ns No. 462 
in the Berlin {?. L. 8., ed. 1863. Tr. as :— 

1. Jeans, Lord, Thy servants tee. A good tr., 
omitting st. iv., by Miss Cox ih her Sactvd If, 
fromthe Ger., 1841, p. 63 (1864, p. 73). Repeated 
in full in Mercer's G. P. $ H. Bk. 1857 ; and, 
abridged, in Mercer's Ox. ed., 1864, Rorison's 
H. # Anthems, 1851, and the Wei. H. Bk., 1875. 

9. Blessed Jesus, here we stand, A good tr,, 
omitting st, iv,, by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra 
Ger., 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 86 (in her C. B. for 
England, 1863, No. 90), Included in the Scottish 
Hyl., 1869, &c. ; and, in America, in the Penn- 
sylvanian Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868, Presb. Hyl., 
1874, AW According to Kiibler (Ilist, Notes to 
Lyra Ger,, 1865, p. 220), this version was sung, 
April 27, 1863, at the baptism of the Princess 
Victoria of Hesse at Windsor Castle, . 

S, Blessed Jesus, we are here, A good tr., 
omitting st. v., by Dr. Kennedy, as No. 234 in 
his Hymn. Christiana, 1363, 

4. Blessed Lord, Thy servants see, This is 
No, 166 in Dr. Alton's Stippl. Hy3., 18S8, and 
consists of frs. of St. i,, vL, altered from jtftss 
Cbx, and of st. vii,, altered from Mss WMworth. 
Repeated in Dr. Dale's Eng. II, Bk., 1874, 
Border's Cong. Hys,, 1884, &a. 

5. Jteareit Jems] wo are here, On Thy tender 
grace relying. In full, by Dr. M. Ley, ns No. 223 
in the Ohio Lutheran Hyl., 1880. 

Other tn, are:— (1) "O blessed Saviour. I here we 
meet," by Lady E. Fortescue. 1843, p. 30. (2) "Ac- 
cording to Toy Gospel, we," by Dr. G, Walker, 186», 
p. 34. (31 " Following Thy words of grdcc," as No. »44 
In t\ie Moravian M. £k., 188*. [J. M.] 

Irffe is the time to serve the 
Lord. I. Watte. [Life for God.] letpiib. 
in his Hyt. <t S. jPong*, in the 2nd ed., 
1709, Bk. i„ No. 88, in 6 at. of i 1., and 
headed " Life the Day of Grace and 
Hope," It is found in a few modern collec- 
tions. In the authorized issue of the Scottish 



676 



LIFE NOR DEATH 



Translations and Paraphrase*, 1781, No. XV., 
on Ecol, ix. *, &c, it is recast »i :— 
" As long as life Its term extends, 
Hope's bleet dominion never ends." 
In tbe markings of the Trarw. & Paraphs., 
by the eldest daughter of W. Cameron (q.v.), 
this recast is attributed to Cameron. Its use 
is very extensive. [J. J.] 

Life nor death shall us dissever, 
Bp. if. Heber. [Baiter. ] Pub. in his post- 
humous Hymns, &c„ 1827, p. 79, in 3 st of 4 1. 
It is based on the Gospel for the 5th S. after 
Easter, and is found in several modem hymn- 
boots, including Dale's English H. Bk„ 1874, 
and ol hers. [J. J.] 

Lift it gently to the steeple. J. M. 
Ntale. [Dedication ofBeUs.] Written in 1863 
for an Office for the Benediction of a Bell, 
compiled by Dr. Nealo, for the Benediction 
of one at Bampton-Aston, Oxon, by the late 
Bishop of Oxford [Wilberforee]. In 1866 it 
■was included in Dr. Neale's Original Se- 
quences, Hymns, and other Ecclesiastical 
Verses, p. 81, in. 10 at. of 4 L, and supple- 
mented by the following noto : — 

"Tbe Above hymn I* taxen from an Office fur tbe 
Benediction of a Bell, compiled by lha writer lor tbat 
iif one, by the Bishop of Oxford, At Aeton-Bampton, 
Oxon [Ho, it was Bampton-Aeton]; the flrat example, 
it Ib believed, of such a service. If not since the Refor- 
mation, at all eventa afoice Caroline times. Ibtpwagain 
used by the Bieliop of (Salisbury, at lha Benediction of 
the newly recast Wolsey bell, st Sherborne Minster. 

This hymn has also been rearranged as, 
"Now at length our bells axe mounted" (st 
ix. slightly altered being placed as st i.), so 
as to make it suitable for singing after the 
bells are fixed and ready to be rung. [J. J.] 

1,1ft the strain of high thanksgiving. 

J. Ellertm. {Church Restoration.] Written 
for the reopening of St Helen's Church, Tur- 
porley, Cheshire, 1869, and pub. in the S. P. 
C. K. Chureh Hys., 1871. From Church Hys. 
it has passed into numerous collections in 
G. Britain and America. From this hymn, 
and " In the Name which earth and heaven " 
(q.v.), Mr. Eilerton compiled a cento for the 
reopening of the nave of Chester Cathedra], 
January 25, 1872. [J- J-] 

Lift up your heads, ye gates of brass. 
J. Montgomery. [Missions.'] This hymn is 
amongst the " m. msb," but is undated. It 
was printed in the Evangelical Magazine, 
1848; and. again in Montgomery's Original 
Hymns, 1853, No. 265, in 19 st. of 4 )., and 
entitled " China Evangelized " ; Ft. it. begin- 
ning "Ye armies of the living God" ; and 
Ft iii. "No camal weapons those ye bear." 
In the S. P. C. K. Church Hymns, 1871, No. 
291, is composed of st. i.— iii., xviii., xix. some- 
what altered. [J. J.] 

Light of life, seraphic Fire. C. Wes- 
ley. [Holiness desired,'] Appeared in Hys 
and Sac. Poems, 1749, vol. iL, in 3 st. of 8. L, 
as No. 16 of " Hys. for those that wait for full 
Redemption " (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. v. p. 
309). In 1780 it was given in the Wes. H. 
Bh., No. 387, with the omission of st iii. 
This fbrm of the hymn has come into exten- 
sive use in Q. Britain and America. It also 
sometimes appears as " Light of life, celestial 
Fire," as in Kennedy, 1863. [J. J.J 



LINDEMANN, JOHANN 

Light of life so softly shilling. H. 

Donor. [The Light of Life desired.] Pub. 
in his work The Song of the Jftw Creation 
and Oilier Pieces, 1872, p. 113, in 6. st. of 4 
1., and repeated, with the omission of a Btanza 
in the Scottish Presb. Hymnal for the Young, 
1882. [J. J.] 

Light of the lonely pilgrim's heart. 
Sir E. Denny. [Mission*.] Appeared in Ps. 
& Hys. and Spiritual Songs, Lond., D. WaUher, 
1842, Pt. i„ No. 69, in 6 st of 4 1. From this 
collection (J. G. Deck's) it passed in a full or 
an abbreviated form into numerous hymnals 
in all English-speaking countries, and has 
become one of the most widely used of the 
author's hymns. In addition to appearing in 
the hymnals, it was also pub. by the author 
in his Hymns <fc Poems, 1848, p. 44 (3rd ed. 
1870, p. 14), and headed " The Heart Watch- 
ing for the Morning," with the quotation from 
Cowper's Task : — 
" Thy Batata proclaim Thee King: and In their heart! 

Tby title Is engraven with a pen 

Dlpp'd In tbe fountain of eternal love," 
by which it was apparently suggested. A 
cento from this hymn, beginning with st, ii., 
" Come, blessed Lord 1 bid every shore," is in 
a few collections. [J. J.J 

Light of the world that shines to 
bless. Cecil F. Alexander, n& Humphreys. 
[The Light of the Werld.] From her Hymns, 
Descriptive and Devotional, 1858, No. 17, in 
9 st. or 4 1., and based on tbe words " I am 
the Light of the world," into the People's Hyl., 
1867, No. 361, and others. [J. J.j 

Light of those whose dreary dwell- 
ing. C. Wesley. [Christinas.'] 1st pub. in 
his Hymns for theNativity of Our Lord, 1746, 
No. ii, in 8 st of 8 1. (P. Works, 1868-72, 
vol. iv. p. 116), It was adopted by M. Madan 
in 1760, B. Conyers in 1774, A. M. Toplady in 
1776, and most evangelical bymnal compilers 
of that period. At the first it was retained in 
an unaltered form, but the changes made by 
Toplady in 1776 were followed by others, 
until at the present time, although found in 
numerous collections in all English-speaking 
countries, it is difficult to Bad any two texts 
alike. The secret lay in its being a purely 
Arminian hymn, but so constructed that ft 
c<mld bB easily turned to account by Calvinists. 
For tbe alterations in use, Toplady, 1776, 
CotteriU, 1810, Bickersteth, 1883, and Elliott, 
1835, are mainly answerable. In 1830 it was 
given in the Supplement to the Wes. H. Bk. 
in an unaltered form. [J. J.j 

Like the first disciples, In their 
strange, glad hour. O. Samson. [Holy 
Communion.] A Post-Communion hymn, 
printed for the first time at the close of an 
article in the Evangelical Magazine, June, 
1881, by the Editor, the Bev. H. B. Rey- 
nolds, l>,i>., on " Hymns," with special refer- 
ence to those by Mr. Bawson. It is in 6 st 
of 4 1, and headed "We have seen the Lord." 
In 1884 it was included in Holder's Gong. 
Hymns. [J. J.] 

Lindemaim, Johann, e. of Nicolaus 
Liudemomi, burgess at Gotha, was b. at Goths 
o. 1550. He attended the Gymnasium at 
Gotha, and apparently thereafter studied and 
graduated M.A. at Jena, He appears to have 



LINQUUNT TEOTA MAGI 

become cantor at Gotha in 1571 or 1572, and 
retired from this post, oil a pension, in 1631. 
In 1631 be was a member of the new Council 
at Gotha. The date of bis death is unknown. 
(Monatshefte fur MutikgetdudUe, 1378, p. 73 ; 
MS. from Superintendent Dr. Otto Dreyer, of 
Gotha, 4c The extant register of births at 
Gotha only goes back to 1560, that of deaths 
only to 16590 

Underoann's DtcaAa Ammat FHii Dti urn to hire 
been pub. at Erfurt, ISM tsd IMS. The ed. of IMS 
fEoyal Library, Berlin! is entitled Annrmn fUU Det 
besod&t Duo*: Do* itt ZvOMUig- I&ol&fte unet pant* 
aomutifft taleinitdu tmd dmttcAt twtw Jhartt odcr 
WttfhmttAtm Gatttglein. He la there described as 
Cantor and mnalclan to the churches and schools st 
Qotba. Wbether he 1» the author of the words of any 
of these plecea la not certain. Nor la It even cleat that 
he was the composer of the melodies j bnt It Is evident 
that he must bave arranged and harmonised tbem. r rne 
two best known of these pieces are "Jem wollgt una 
weisen" (Ho. 3, In 3 si.), and, "In dlr ist Freude" 
(Ijtee to thrift). The latter Is Ho. 7 In 8 et. of 11 1. 
It la set to a tone adapted from a madrigal by Giovanni 
Glaeomo Gastolol da Caravaggio (his Salletti appeared 
at Venice ISM, 16*3, 169S, 1697, be), and is marked as 
"BaUetti:L'innamorato:ALletaVlt»:iB." The text 
is repeated In the Vto>. L. S., laM, No. 12. The tr. in 
C. V, ie; " lit Thee Is gladness." A foil and good tr. 
tiy Miss Winkwortb, in her Lyra Qtr.. 8nd Ser. 1819, 
p. 156, and her C B.for Eagtami, 18*3, No. IBS. 

[J. MJ 

Linquunt teota Magi principle urbis. 
C. Coffin, [Epiphany.] Included in tho Parts 
Brentoy, 1736, for Lauds on tlie feast of tbe 
Epiphany, and agnin in his Bymni Socri, 
1736, p. 40. It is also in Card. Newman's 
Hymni Eedetioe, 1838 and 18U5. Tr. as :— 

Ie 1 the pilgrim. Xagi Leave their royal halls, 
By J. D. Chambers, in his iatirfa Syon, 1867, 
P. 110. It was repeated in the iVojrfe's M., 1867; 
the Hymnary, 1872, and others. 

Other tea, an: — 

1. From prfnoety walla in Eastern pomp erray'd. By 
1. Williams, in the Britith Magatint, 1635, snd bis Bgt. 
tr.frtmtteParitian Jim., 1839. 

». The princely dty passing try. J. C. Earle, In 0. 
Shipley"* Amua&tneivt, 189*. [J. J,] 

liintrap, Severiit Falk, was b. Nov, 17, 
1700, at Tarmun, in Jutland, Denmark. In 
1723 he enteral the University of Copenhagen 
as a student of theology. In 1725 he became 
curate in charge in the island of Lyo, near 
Fiinen: in 1727 chaplain at Wartau, near 
Copenhagen; and in 1727 preacher at the 
Wallo-Spilal, near Copenhagen. During bU 
tenure of this last post he became acquainted 
with some of the Moravian missionaries, and 
resigning bis appointment in 1734, he joined 
the Brethren at Hermhut. Subsequently he 
preached in several of their communities (e.g. 
at Gnadenberg, in Silesia, on its foundation in 
1743), anil was also sent on various missions 
to Denmark and Sweden. He d. at Hermhut, 
Feb. 15, 1758 (G. F, Otto's iesi'awt . . . Ober- 
latuisitchea ScArtffeteHer, vol. it, 1802, p. 490, 
&0.). In tbe Mistorittske NachriclU to the 
BrSder &. B., 1778, two hymns are ascribed 
to him, viz., Nos. 1048, st ii., iii., and 1073. 
One of these is in English C. U;, viz. : — 

Vein Hsilandl wtrf dock oinen Bliek. C\rUti<ui 
Church. Appeared asKo. 11M injlj«)eiKlw;.vl„e(r. 1131, 
to the HBTBAut 0. B. list. In 12 st. of 1 1. In tbe 
BrMtr 0. B„ 11W. No. I0T3, It la reduced to 6 st., viz., 
I., ill., virL, It, il„ sil. JV. as: (1) "O Lord, lift np 
Thy countenance." I11 full, from the BrQder Q. B„ ny 
P. W. Foster, as No. 613 to the Moravian H. Bit., 1T99 
(1999, No. 199). St, L, ill., iv. of this version are In 
for, Martlnean'a Bjfnmt, 1940 and 19)3. Another tr, is, 



LITANIES, METBICAL 87? 

•' My dearest Saviour t cast an eye." As No. B0 in the 
MorvvkM B.Bk., lt4a(iTM,pt. ii.No. l«). [J, jjj 

Liaoovius, Salomo, s. of Johann Lis- 
rxmus, or Lisohkow, pastor at Niemitseh, near 
Guben,wasb.atNiemitsoli,Oct.25,1640, lie 
entered the University of Leipzig in 1660, and 
then went to Wittenberg, where be graduated 
K.A., and was crowned as a poet Shortly 
thereafter he was appointed pastor at Otter- 
wiaeh with Stookheim, near Lauaigk, and or- 
dained to this post April 21, 1664. He was 
then, on March 20, 1685, appointed second 
pastor of St. Wenceslaus's church, at Wurzen. 
He d. at Wuraen, Dec. 5, 168B. (Koch, iii. 
385 ; Eotermund's continuation of Jpcher's 
GtUhrtm-Lexikon, iii. 1950, Ac.) 

Liecovlns was one of the beet German bymn.-wrlters of 
tbe second rank in the nth cent. That ie, tboogb bis 
hymns are not lacking En intensity, in depth, or In 
beauty of form, yet neither by their Intrinsic value nor 
by their adoption into German C. U. are they worthy to be 
ranked with the hymns of Oerbardt, Frwck, Schemer 
and others of this period. They appeared mostly la bis 
CkrMHdur frauenttmmert GeUUKher Tugaid^Spiegtl. 
The prelaca to this book Is dated April It, IMS, and it 
was probahly pub. at Leipzig In it/ii ; bat tbe esrlieet 
ed. extant Is that at Leipzig, 1103. Dr. J. L. Paslg 
pub. Bl of his ffieiWKcaeLiedir.wlth a short biographical 
notice, at Halle, less. One of his hymns is tr 1— 

Sehati iiher alls SchXtae. Lout to Chriit. His finest 
hymn. 1S1Z aa above, and Pssig, 19KB, p. S3, In the 
Numberg G. B„ ie7«, No. SOS, and tbe Berlin G. L. S., 
ed. 19«3,lIo. MB. It Is In T st, of 8 1., the initial letters 
of the stanne ibrming bis Christian name Salomon, 
The tri. are :— 

(U *' Treasure above alt treasure," as No. HI in 
pt. 1. of tbe Jroravtan H. Bk„ lly. In tbe 1199 and 
later eds. (1989, No. *«), It begins " Jesus, my hljcbest 
treasure." (2) "Treasure beyond all treasure, by 
Mitt Dwnn, 1&S7, p. M. (3) " Thou treasure of ail 
treasures," by Mia Manington, 18(3, p, tr. [J, M.] 

Litanies, MetricaL 1. The form in 
which Metrical Litanies are given in the 
hymn-books now in nee, is of modem growth. 
A few hymns with refrains are found in some 
of the older collections, as " In the hour of 
my distress," by Herrick; "Lord of mercy 
aud of might," by Bp. Heber; "Saviour, 
when in dust to Thee," by Sir H. Grant ; " By 
Thy birth, O Lord of all," by Mre. Harriet 
Mo&ley; "Jesus, Lord of life snd glory," 
by J, J. Cummins, and a few others. These, 
however, were usually olassed not as Metrical 
Litanies, but as hymns, and as such were 
embodied in tbe collections. 

2. Tbe Metrical Litanies of tho modern 
hymn-books began in 1854 with one or two 
in rhythmical prose on the Childhood and 
Passion of Jeans, one of the first, if not tho 
first, being No. 6!) below. By slow degrees 
these have been increased, written tnainlv in 
rhymed metre, the first being No. 21 below, 
until provision has been made for most of the 
Fasts and Festivals of the Church. In a few 
instances, as noted hereafter, they are pub' 
lished as separate works torn the hymn-books. 
The usual practice, however. Is to give Ihem 
as a separate division or section of the hymnal. 

3. Amongst the earliest writers of Metrical 
Litanies were Dr. F. G. Lee, Dr. Littiedale, 
and G. Moultrie ; and amongst the later Up. 
H. E. Bickereteth, Sir H. W, Baker, aud 
T. B. Pollock. 

4. In arranging the Metrical Litanies for 
reference great difficulty is presented in their 
sameness, and the habit which some authors 
and compilers have of beginning several Lita- 
nies with the same stanza. Another difficulty 



678 LITANIES, METBICAL 

b created by compilers of hymnals breaking 
the Litanies into parts which differ from those 
adopted by the authors. In the following list 
of Metrical Litanies these difficulties have 
been kept in view : — 

1. All our nofnl words and ways. Lent, By L. F, 
in Mrs. Brock's Chitdren'i H. Bit., 1861. 

I, Bread of Lib, the angels' food. Holy Commo- 
nion. By Dr. LIttledale in tbeFcQpWt B-, 1361, Ho. see. 

5. By the word to Hary given. The Birth of Jems. 
In the JhwwiarjF, 1872, this is given as "By toe angel's 
ward of love." 

4. Bythe Hame which Thon didtt take. The Child- 
hood of /um. 

6. By the blood the* SWd from Thee. ThePastion 
of Anu. 

5. BytaeuratbriglitXaater-dsy, Tfe BesHmcKwi 
o/ Jis* us. 

Nos. 3-0 are by F. W. Faber in his ffymiu, 1603, the 
.Roman Catholic Hyt.for the Tear, &c. 

7. By the prayer that Jeiiu made. Jbr Unity. In 
the -Eik*((HsHc BVmnal, 1311. 

8. By Thy birth, Lord of nil, The Childhood of 
Jesut. By Mrs. Harriet Moiley, pub. in Hys. for the 
Children of the Ch, of England, &c, lssi. In the 
S. P. C, K. Church By*.. 187 1, it is considerably altered, 
and sts. v. vl. are rewritten. 

9. Ohriat, file womttn'i promised seed, Chrittmai 
and Epivhany. A. W. Hntton. 

10. cfirUt, Whose meroy gnideth itlll. Lent and 
.PBKfotrtid*. K. F. LIttledale In the People's H., 1S6T, 
altered in ifys, and CnreKt, &u. (Ch. Extension Associa- 
tion), 1811, to " Christ, Whose mercy lasts for aye." 

II. Father, from Thy heavenly throne, Baly CS>m- 
mimfon. By J. S. B. Monsell. 

IS. Fa&er, from Thy throne en high. Far Little 
Children. By Mrs. Streatteild In Mrs. Carey Brock's 
Children's B. Bk.; 1B81, 

IS. Father, hear Thy children'* eaJL Lent. By T. 
B. Pollock in if. A. A Jf., 1816. 

11. God the Father, from en high, tor a Skh Per- 
son. In the JPrtesf J Prayer Book, by K. F. LIttledale, 

ISol, 

15, God the Father, from Thy throne, Rogation 
Dayi. By Sir H. W. Biker in H. A. £ Jf., 18SI. 

16. God the Father, hear and pardon. Lent and 
Patsiontide. J, S. B. Monsell. 

IT. God the Father, hear our cry. Lent. In the 
Eucharittic Hymnal, 1917. 

IS. God the Father, in the sky. Holy Trinity. By 
W. J. Irons. 

10, God the Father of all might. Lent. By A. W. 
Hutton. 

SO, God of God, and Light of Light. Holy Cbmnm- 
nien. By SirH. W. Baker in H. A. it If, 1876. 

■I. God the Father, seen of none. Passiantidc. By 
R. F. LIttledale, written about 1860 fur toe schools of 
St Mary the Virgin, Crown Street, Soho, London. In 
tbe People's H., ISO). 

S8, GodtheFather.thronedonhigh. Jeiui Glorified. 
By T. B. Pollock In H. A. 4 M-, 187s. 

SS. God, the Holy Ghost, by Whom. TheMAy Ghott. 
In the Eacharittie Hymnal, 1877. 

8*. Great, wyaterioue Trinity. lor alt Timet. T. B. 
Pollock. 

IS. Hear us, Bon of God, hear. Of Commendation, 
By G. Moultrie tn the PeopU't H., 1961; and" again 
in the author's Espoutalt of S. Dorothea, 1870, 

IS, B^avenlyFathertfromThythrons. Pattiontiae. 
V. Hntton. In Mrs. Brook's Children'* H. Bk., 1831. 
pSee Tarietu,] 

ST. Heavenly Fitter, let Thy light. Station*. In 
Mrs. Brock's Children'! 3. Bk., 1881. 

is, Holy Father, from Thy throne, floly Trinity. 
" C. S." In Lyra JfeMumira, ISM, i.e. Charlotte Bellon. 

SO, Holy Father, heatoiu cry, The Holy Ghott. By 
Cecil Moore in Mrs. Brock's Children'! H. Bk., 1881. 
[See Varionij 

50, Holy Jean, All Is All, Jam glorified in Hit 
Sainti. T. B. Pollock, written for Hys. for Use in the 
Ch. of St. Bthellwrga, Btthopegate, 1813. 

51. Holy Spirit, wondrous Dove. Holy Ghott, In the 
PeofWs H„ leer. By E. F. LIttledale; It forms part 
of ** Holy Spirit, Heavenly Bovt." 

38. Jem, David's Boot end Stem. The Holy Child- 
hood. In People' tH., IS67, byE. F. Littledale. 

38. Jean, dwelling hen below. Life of our Lord. 
T. B, Pollock. 

SI. Jean, from Thy throne en high, Krr Children. 
T. B. Pollock. 

SS, Jean, far ni ainnar* tlain, The BetHrrection of 
Attn. By K. F. LIttledale In the People 1 ! B., 1997. 



LITANIES, METRICAL 



SO, Jean, in Thy inat; woes. The Seven Wordi on 
the Crosi. By T. B. Polled 



ST. Jean, King of boundleae might. The HolySfame. 
By R. F. LIttledale In the People.'! H., 1861. 

SS, Jean, life of those who die. The Four Latt 
Thing!. By T. B. Pollock In fr, A. AJf., 187s. 

30. Jean, Lord meet mighty, Xent. A. T. Kussell, 
In his Ft. and Hyi„ I8S1. 

40. Jem, Saviour, evermild, Far Children. ByK, 

F. LIttledale, In H. A, * M., 18TB, chiefly from tbe 
People'! H., No. 692. 

il. Jean, Savionr, bear me oalL ient. In the 
Ssoitith ifymno£, 1894. 

43. Jeau, Ben of God meat high. Tkt Childhood of 
Jestu. T. B. Pollock. 

43. Jem, Son of the living God. The Holy None. 
In the Ch. Extension Association's Hy!. A Carol!, 1811. 

44. Jeau, we are far away. £ent. T. B. Pollock. 
iS. Jeau, Who ibr ua didat bear. Pastiontide. In 

the People' t H., 1367, by R. F. LIttledale. 

is. Jean, Who when Adam fell. Lent. A. W. 
Hutton. A few stanzas in this from tfo. 10. 

4T. Jean, wftii Thy Ghnreh abide. For the Church. 
By t. B. Pollock and others in H. A. id jr., 1316. 

43. L&bonring and heavy laden. Of IAfe, J. 8. B. 
Monsell. 

48. Light that from the dark abyss. Jena, the 
Light qf the World. By K, B. Birks, q.v. In the H. 
Ctonp., 1876. 

50. Lord have meroy, Pity take, The Sacred Heart. 
By J. S. B. Monsell. 

51. Hy tine have taken sueh an hold on me, Lent. 
By J. S. B. Monsell. 

SS. Hy sin, my sin, O God, my ain. Lent. By J. 9. 
B. Monsell. 

S3. How let my soul with God retreat. The Holy 
Ghott. By J. S. B. Monsell. 

(4. O Thou Who art the Gift unpriced. The Holy 
Ghost. In Mrs. Brock's children's B. Bk., 1381, by S. 
J. Stone. 

SS. Pity on us, heavenly Fatuer. Patsiontiae. By 
J.S. B. Monsell. 

SO. Hieen Jeen, Thee we greet. The Remrrection 
and Ateention. By V. Hntton in Mrs. Carey Brock's 
Children's H. Bk., 1881. Sometimes given ee " Jesu, 
Lord, enthroned on high." 

il. Risen Lord, environed on high. The Ascension. 

G. Monltrie, in his Primer, lew, Lyra Hettianiea, 
1864, end his Hyt. * Lyrici, 1861. 

£3. Sacred Heart of Jeau, pour. The Sacred Heart. 
J. S. B. Monsell. 

S9. Son of God, for man decreed. The Incarnate 
Word. By T. B, Pollock In H. A. * Jf., 187s. 

€0. Spirit bleat, who art adored, The Holy Ghott. 
T. B. Pollock. 

81. Than Who leaving eiown and throne. lent. 
By Dr. Littledale in H, A. <£ M., 1316, part of No. 10. 

62. Uncreated Fount of Light. 3b the Father. Bp. 
H, E. Bickersteth In bis Songi in the Route of FQgrim.- 
age, v.i>., and bis B. Comp. t 1876. 

63. Word Sternal, TFaoreate. ^deenf. F- G. Lee, 
1st printed in H, Collins's Hyt. for. Mistime, 1864; and 
again in the 1862 Appendix to the jgwgtriizj s. 

04, Word made Flesh, Emmanuel, Advent. In the 
X ucharistic Hymnal, 1871. 

So. When my feet have wandered. Patsiontide. J. 
S. B. Monsell. 

SS. Jeaua, hear us, lend of all. Night Litany. By 
G, Monltrie in bie Primer, 1810. 

5. Iu many instances the opening lines given 
in this list are those of tlie second stanzas of 
the Litanies. This was necessitated by the 
great majority of the Litanies opening in the 
hymn-books with the Invocation to the Holy 
Trinity, " God the Bather, God the Son," or 
" God the Father, God the Word." The first 
lines of the par's of Litanies also are not in- 
cluded, nor are the first lines of parts 2-7, of 
tho" Seven Words on the Cross" (see No. 83), 
nor of parts 2-4 of tho " Four Last Things " 
(sec No. 87). 

6. The Litanies attribnted to Sir H. Wj 
Baker appeared in H. A. & M„ 1875 ; A. W. 
Hntton, in a Supplement to H~. A. ct 3T (old 
ed.), pnb, by him in 1875 ; W. J. Irons, in his 
Ps. & Hye. far the Church, 1875 ; Dr. Little- 
dale, first on broadsheets, from 1881-68, and 
then in the People's H„ 1867 ; Dr. Monaall, in 



LITTLE CHILDREN, DWELL 

Litany Hymns', 1870, and his Parish Hymnal, 
1873; and T. B. Pollock, in his AfetHmtt 
Ulattt«l /or Special Services and General 
Use, 1870; and his Litany Appendix, 1871. 
These works, together with tbehymnalB named 
in the foregoing notes ; Thring*s Coll., 1882, 
the S. P. C, K. CkurcK Hymns, 1871 ; and A 
Book of Metrical tt'(ante*,Lond., Eivingtone, 
1874, contain most of the Litanies available 
for use. Hymns which are also suitable as 
Litanies are indicated in the Index of Subjects 
and Bmiohi, [J. J.} 

Little children, dwell in love. H.Al- 
ford. [St John the Evangelist.'] First ap- 
peared in his Hys. for the Sundays and Fes- 
tivals throughout the Tear, 1830 (see his Life), 
in 4 st of 4 L In 1841 it was included in his 
Ps. A Hys., No. 13, and marked, in error, as 
published therein for the first time. It 
is found in his Year of Praise, 1867 ; and in 
his Poetical Work*, in the 8th ed. of which, 
1868, it is dated 1835. It has passed into a 
few hymnals only. [J. J.] 

Little drops of water. [Importance of 
Little Things.'] The original of this hymn, by 
Dr. E. C. Brewer, was 1st pub. in Reading 
and Spelling, 1848, in 5 st. of 4 1. Subse- 
quently it reappeared in a very much altered 
and improved form in the Amerioan Juvenile 
Missionary Magazine, also in 5 st. ftrom 
that magazine it was copied into Hymns and 
Sacred Songs, pub. at Manchester by Fletcher 
and Tnbbs, 1855, and from that collection it 
has passed into numerous children's hymnals 
in the United Kingdom. When the version 
found in the greatest number of collections 
is compered with the original it is found that 
ttie leading thought of the hymn and the 
first stanza are all that remain of that first 
published by Dr. Brewer, thus: — 



LITTLEDALE, RlCHABD F. 67« 



Dr. Brewer, 1849. 
1. Little drops of water, 
little grata* of sand, 
Hake tbe mighty ocean, 
Make the beauteous 



ft, Straw by aliaw the spar- 
row 
Builds Its cosy nest ; 
Leaf by leaf tbe forest 
Stands la verdure drest, 

3 h Letter after letter 

Words and books are 
made; 
Little and by little 
Mountains level laid. 



A. Drop by drop la Iron 
Worn in dine away ; 
Perseverance, patience, 
Ever win tbelr way. 



S, Every finished labour 
Once did but begin j 
Try, and Kb an trying, 
That's the way to win. 



American Ferjfen, 
1. Little drops of water. 
Little grains of sand, 
Make tbe mighty ocean. 
And the beauteous 
land. 

3. And thetittlc mawenfc, 
Humble though they be 
Hake On mighty ages 
Of eternity. 

3. Liule deeds of JMndtKH, 
Little uxtrat trf lone, 
Hake our earth an ttcn. 
Like the heaven above. 



4, So our little errors 
Lead the tout avxsy, 
From ttefatjit of virtue 
Into tin to stray. 

6. LiKle seeds of mercy. 
Sown by youthful 
hands, 
Grow to bless the nations 
far in heathen lands. 
The somewhat unfinished American text 
was extensively adopted to 1876, when Bp. 
Bickersteth, in the revised edition of the By. 
Compv made it more oomplete by adding : — 
6. Little ones In glory 

Swell the angels Mag : 

Make us meet, dear Saviour, 

For their holy throng. 

This last thought was taken up by Pre- 
bendary Thring, and in his Collection, 1880-82, 
was thus elaborated: — 



Little children's angels, 
Happy In the sky, 

See tbelr Heavenly Father 
On His throne on high. 



Little children's voices, . 

Heavenly choirs atnong, 
Swell the angel-chorus 

With their simple song. 



Glory then for ever 
Be to Father, Son, 
With the Holy Spirit, 
Blessed Three In One. 
In this manner has been built up a very 
pleasing and popular children's hymn out of a 
short poem of no interest or merit save its ono 
idea of the power of little things. [J. J.] 

Littledale, Richard Frederick, ll.d., 
d.o.l., s. of John Bichard Littledale, mer- 
chant, was b. at Dublin on the 14th of 
Sept ,1833, and was educated at BectiveHouse 
Seminary, and Trinity College, Dublin, His 
University course was distinguished. In 1852 
he became an University Scholar ; in 1854 he 
was first class in Classics and gold medallist ; 
in 1856 he won the Uerkeley gold medal (for 
Greek), and other honours. Ho graduated 
B.A., 1855, m.a., 1858, ll.d., 1862, and d.o.l. 
at Oaford, 1862. Taking Holy Orders in 
1856, ha was Curate of St. Matthew's, in 
Thorpe Hamlet, Norwich, from 1856 to 1S57, 
and of Br. Mary tho Virgin, Boho, London, 
from 1857 to 1861. Through ill-health ho 
retired fnu parochial work in 1861, and 
devoted himself to literature. Dr. Littledale's 
publications amount to about fifty in all, and 
embrace Theological, Historical, Liturgical, 
and Hymnological subjects chiefly. His prose 
works include : — 

(l) Application of Dolour to the Decoration of 
Churches, IBS? ; (2) Religious Communities of Women 
in the Early Church, 1862 ; (3) Catholic Ritual in the 
Church of England, 1861; (4) Continuation of Dr. 
Neole's Commentary on the realms, vols, ii., ill., iv., 
1868-T4; (5) Commentary on the Song of Songs, 1BG9; 
(t) The Pctrint Claims, 18TB-84 ; (f) plain ii«Ltoni 

Xirat joining the Church of Rome, 1880, he. ; (B) 
rl History of the Council of Trent i and severs! 
articles in tbe Encyilopitdia Brit., 18S2-88, His con- 
tributions to periodical literature have been also exten- 
sive and valuable. 

Dr. Littledale's Liturgical, Devotional, and 
Hymnological works include :— 

(1) Offices of tJic Holy Eastern Church, in the Original 
Greek, with translation into Englieh, Notes, &c, 1863; 
(2) Carols for Christmas and Other Seasons, 1B63; 
(J) The Priest's Prayer Book, with hymns, ISM, and 
with Brief Pontifical in WO and later eds. ; (O 
The Peoptfs Hymnal. 1B6T ; (s) The Children's Bread. 
A Communion Office for the Young, with hymns, 18B8 ; 
Is) Primitive Liturgies and Translations, lSSB-Sfti 
(T) Children at Calvary: being The Stations of the 
Cross in Metre for Singing, 1812 ; (8) the chiixtiari 
Paitover, U13:m The Altar Manual, ISS2-11. Hewas 
Joint Editor of Sob. 3, 4, 8 and » with tbe Rev. J. E, 
Vaux ; and of rio. 8 with Dr. ffeale. 

In addition to a largo number of hymns, 
original and translated, in tho above works, 
Dr. Littledale has also directly contributed 
original and translated hymns to ; — 

(0 Lyra Hucharisttca, 18*3; (a) Lyra Musianlca, 
1804 ; 13) Lyra systica, 1866 \ (4) The JBucharistic 
Jtymnal, 18H) (6) The .Brawn Breviary in Miglish, 
by tbe Marquess ot Bute, 1819 ; (8) The Altar Fjmwaf, 
1SS4 ; m Suppl. to B. A. « JT., 1888 t (*) to tbe 
Night hours of the Church ; (9) to the St. Margaret's 
Hymnal [East GriiMtead], 1616; and (10) to the EttureA 
Ttmes, The Guardian, Ac &c. 

Dr. Littledftlu's Hymnological works in 
verse consist of translations of Danish, Swed- 
ish, Greek, Latin, Syriac, German, and Italian 
hymns, together with origiual Girols, Hymns, 
and Metrical Litanies. His translations are an- 
notated elsewhere in this Dictionary (see Index 
to Authors and Translators) ; his Carols under 



680 LITTLEDALE, EICHABD P. 

Carols j and his Metrical Litanies under 
LtUniea, Metrical. His original hymns remain 
to be noted. These include the following : — 

i. In the Priest'* Prayer Book, 1864 :— 
t. Captain of Salvation, christian Warfare. 
%. Christ, on Whose Face the soldiers. Pattiontide. 
S, Christ, Who bast fbr sinners suffered. Fastion* 
tide. 

4. God tbe Father, horn on high, fbr (a* Sick. 

5. Lord Jesu, by Thy passion. Pajn'on(i<8e. 

6. Lord, Who In pain and weariness, Panicntidc. 

1. Jean, In Thy torture. Pattiontide. In Medi- 
tations fund Prayert on the Pattion of Our Lord Jctut 
Chritt, 1403. 

8. OLoni, to Whom tbe spirits live. AaSouls. 
ft. The clouds of Borrow rest upon mine eyes. For 
the Sorrowing. 

U. In the People** Hymnal, 18G7;— 

10. Christ, oar song we lift to Thee. B. V. M. 

11. Christ, our San, on us arose. Whittuntide. In 
Cdrolt for Chrittaua, bc~, 3rd series, ISM. 

12. Christ, the Lord, Whose mighty hand. Prayer 
for react. 

13. l>ay is past and gone. Ecening. In lbs Church 
Timet, Feb. 17,1886. 

14. Eternal Shepherd, God most high. Vacancy of a 
See or JVirirt. 

15. Eternal Wisdom, God most high. OHUfHen 0/ 
Doctors. 

IV. God eternal. Infinite. Septuagetima. 

II. Hidden Saviour, great High Prleat. Boty dm- 
amnion. 

18. I believe in God the Father. The Creed. 

Is. I worship Thee, Lord Jsbu. Holy Communion. 
la the Church Timet. May 10, 1805. 

SW. In Paradise reposing. Burial of a Child. 

ai. In songs of glad thanksgiving. General Thankt- 
ffiving. 

23. Lord, Whose goodwill la ever sure. JH time qf 
ibmtne. 

£3. Now the sna is in the skips. Jfonrin^. In the 
Churth Kmct, Jan. 37, 1866. 

24, OGod ofmercy, Godof love, tor Rain. 

SS. God, Who metsst In Thine hand. For thou 
at Sea. 

20. OGod, Wboss Sole-Begotten left. Almsgiving. 

31, O sing to the Lord, Whose bountiful band. 
Thanktgiving for Sain. 

as, Set upon Slon'a wall. JSmber Dayt. 

20. The Cedar of Lebanon, Plant of renown. Chriit- 
mat. First pub. In Seddins/s Chrittmat Carolt, 1863. 

30. The fight is o'er, the crown is won. Burial of a 
Sitter tjf Mercy. 

31. The wintry time hath ended. Thanhegivvrtg for 
Fair Weather. 

33. We are marching through the desert, Prccct- 
sional. 

83. When tbe day bath come at lust. The Judgment. 

In addition to these, a few of the more 
-widely used of Dr. Littledale's original hymns, 
as " From hidden source arising, and others, 
arc annotated under their respective first linea. 
In the People?! H„ 1867, Dr. Littledide 
adopted the following signatures :— 

A. L. /", I.e., A London JTleat. 

£., i.e., An initial of a former address. 

B. T. t l.e., The Initials of a former address. 
D. L., I.e. Br. UttledUe. 

F.. i.e., Frederick, 

F. B., I.e., Frederick Richard. 

£., 1a, Uttledale. 

P. C, E.. i.e.. Priest of tbe Church of England. 

P. P. Bk., I.e., Priest's Prayer Book. 

Taken as a whole, Dr. Littledale's tr*. 
from the seven languages named above are 
characterised by general faithfulness to the 
originals, great simplicity of diction, good 
metre, smooth rhythm, and deep earnestness. 
His original .compositions are usually on 
special subjects, for which, at the time they 
were written, there were few hymns, and are 
marked by the same excellent features of a 
good hymn as his translations. His main 
object throughout is to teacft through Praise 
and Prayer, [J, J.] 



LLOYD, WILLIAM F. 

Live, our Eternal Priest. C. Wesley. 
[Holy Gommuttton.! latpub. in Hymns on the 
Lorofs Sapper by J, 4 C. Wesley, 1745, in 6 
st. of 6 1. (P. JForita, 1868-72, vol iii. p. 303). 
In its original form it is not in common use, 
but as altered to " HaiL Thou Eternal Priest " 
it was given in the Hymnary, in 1870-2, in 
4 at., at. ii. being omitted, and the rest so 
changed as to constitute almost a new hymn, 

[J. J.] 

Livermore, Abiel Abbot, d.s., was b. 
at Wilton, New Hampshire, Oct 30, 1811, and 
graduated at Harvard in Arts, in 1833; and 
Divinity, 1836. The latter year he was or- 
dained as a Unitarian Minister, and became 
Pastor at Keene, New Hampshire, 1836 ; Cin- 
cinnati, 1850 ( Yonkers, New York, 1857. In 
1863 he removed to Meodviile, Pennsylvania, 
as the President of tbe Theological School, 
Dr. Livermore is the author of various works, 
and was the chief editor of tbe Cheshire Pas- 
toral Association's Christian Hymns, 1841, 
one of the most widely circulated and esti- 
mable of American Unitarian collections. To 
that collection he contributed "A holy air is 
breathing round " (.Holy Communion), which 
has passed into several collections, including 
Marfineau's Hymns, fee, 1873. fF. M. B.] 

Livermore. Borah WMte, aunt of A. 
A. Livermore (q.v.X was b. at Wilton, New 
Hampshire, July 20, 1789 ; and d. there July 
3, 1874, having spent most of her life as a 
Teacher. Two hymns were contributed by 
her to the Cheshire P. A.'s Christian Hymns, 
1844 : — (1) Glory to God, and peace on earth, 
Christmas. (2) Our piigrim brethren, dwelling 
far. Missions. She wrote many others, of 
which two are given in Putnom'B Singers and 
Songs of the Liberal Faith, 1875. [J. J.] 

Lloyd, William Freeman, was b. at 
Uley, Gloucestershire, Dec. 22, 1791. As he 
grew np lie took great interest in Sunday 
school work, and was engaged in teaching 
both at Oxford and at London. In 1810 lie 
was appointed one of the Secretaries of tho 
Sunday School Union. He aho became con- 
nected with the Religious. Tract Society in 
1816. Miller (to whom we are indebted lor 
these details) says in his Singers and Sotujs of 
the Church, 1869, p. 418 :— 

" He commenced the Sunday School Teaehet't Maga- 
zine, conducted for years the C'hild't Companion and 
the Weekly Vititar, and spggefited tbe preparation of a 
large number of books for cnildren and adults. Ills own 
literary productions were various, including several 
useful books for Sunday Sclwol teachers and scholars, 
and numerous tracts. He was also much engaged in 
compilation and revision." 

Mr. Lloyd d. at tbe residence of his brother, 
the Rev. Samuel Lloyd, at Stanley Hall, 
Gloucestershire, April 22, 1853. Several of 
his hymns and poetical pieces were given in 
the E. T. S. Child's Book of Poetry (M. ».), 
ond the B. T. S. My Poetry Book f>. v.). 
In 1853 be collected liis pieces and published 
them as, Thoughts in Bhyme, By W. F. 
Llnyd, Loud., Hamilton & Co., and Nisbet 
& Co. Of Ins hymns the following are in 
C. U. :— 

i. Come, poor sLnnerjs come to Jesus. invitalUm. 

a. Give thy young heart to Christ. A CftiWa Dedi- 
cation to Christ. 



LO, AT NOON TIB BTJDDEN 

1. My [our] times are In Thins hand. Hy God, I 
Wish tnem there. Saignation. (1836.) 

a. Sweet la the time of spring. Spriiig. 

S. Wait, my soul, npon 0» Lord, -fit -aJWrfton, 
(u».) 

The date given above, 1835, is from Spui- 
Reon's 0. ft S. Bfc, 1866, and was sup- 
plied to the editor by D. Sedgwick. We 
Lave no other authority for that date. The 
earliest we can find is No, 3, which ie in Syi. 
for the Poor of the Floe*, 1838. That hymn 
to vetj popular. f J. J.] 

Lo, at noon *tie sudden night. Ann 
Gilbert, n& Taylor. [Good Friday.] Prom 
ByjjHM for Infant Mindt, 1810, No. 25, in 6 
st. of 6 L, and entitled " Jesus Christ camo 
into the world to save sinners " (ed. 1886, 
p. 63). This is a kindred hymn to her 
"Jesus, Who lived above tlie sky," and is 
quoted in her MemoriaU, 1874, as an example 
of beautiful simplicity and accuracy (vol. i, 
p. 221), It has attained lo a good position 
amongst hymns of established worth, is in 
extensive use, and is one of the most popular 
of Mrs. Gilbert's compositions. [J. J.] 

Xiol He comae with clouds descend- 
ing, Once for favoured sinners BlaliL 
[The Second Advent.] The hymn in modem 
collections which opens with these lines is a 
uento of a somewhat complicated character, 
and will need, for clearness and accuracy, the 
reproduction of the original text of several 
hymns. 

1. The first form of the hymn is by John 
Cennlck. There is evidence to show that it 
was sung by the congregation of the Mora- 
vian Chapel, in Dnhiin, on April 20, 1750 ; 
lint the earliest printed text known appeared 
in the fifth (1762) ed, of Cennick's ColkeUon 
of Sacred Symm, &c., Dublin, S[amuel] 
Powell, and is as follows : — 

[IJ " Lo I He cumetb, countless trumpets 
Blow before his bloody sign ] 
"Midst tea thoueand nluts and angels, 
See the Crucified thine. 

Allelujahl 
'Welcome, welcome bleeding Lamb I 
Now His merlta by the harpers. 

Thro' the eternal deepa resounds 1 

Now resplendent ebme HI* nail-prints, 

Everj eye shall see Hla wounds E 

They who pierced Him, 
Shall at Hla appearing wall. 
[3Q <* Every island, sea, and mountain, 

Heaven and earth shall See away ! 
Alt who bale Him must, ashamed. 
Hear the tramp proclaim Hia dayi 

Gome to Judgment I 
Stand before toe Bon of Man! 
All who lore Him view Hla glory, 

Shining In Hla bruised Face : 
Hla dear hereon on tbe rainbow, 
Now Hla people'e beads shall raise : 

Happy mourners t 
Now <m dadde He comes ! He comes t 
Now redemptton, long expected. 
Bee, In solemn pomp appear : 
All Hla people, once demised, 
Now shaft meet Him fh the all : 

Allelujahl 
How tbe promised kingdom's come 1 
View Him amtllng, now determined 

Every evil to destroy I 
All the nations now shall etog Him 
Songs of everlastlngjoy 1 

come quickly f 
AUetnJah 1 coma Lord, come 1 " 

2. The next form is by Charles Wesley. Iu 
1758 was pub, the By*, of Iniercemon for AH 



M 



M 



M 



W 



LOt HE 00MB8 WITH CLOUDS 681 

Mankind, a tract of 40 hymns. (P. Works, 
1868-72, voL vi. 143.) Of these there were 
three in the same metre, via. : — 

xxxvili. " Rise, ye dearly purchased sinners." 
xxxlx. "Lo! He comes with clouds descending.' 1 
xl. " Lift your heads, ye friends of Jesua," 

The original text of the second of thest 
hymns is as follows : — 

"1, Lo 1 He cornea with clouds descending, 
Once fur favottrM sinners slain t 
Thousand, thousand saints attending, 
Swell tbe triumph of hla train : 

Hallelujah, 
God appears, on earth to reign ) 
" 3. Every eye shall now behold Htm 
Bob'd to dreadful majesty, 
Those who set at nought and aold Him, 
KereM, and uall'd Htm to tbe tree, 

Deeply walling 
Shall the true Messiah see. 
rt 3, Ihe dear tokens of hla passion 
Still His dazllng body bears, 
Cause of endless exultation 
To his ransoni'd worshippers t 

With whet rupture 

Goxe we on those glorious scars] 

" i. Tea, amen ! let all adore Thee 

High ou thine eternal throne 1 

Saviour, take tbe power and glory, 

Claim tiie kingdom for tbme own i 

Jam, Jehovah, 
Everlasting God, come down." 

8. The third form of the text is really the 
first form of the modern cento. It was given 
by M. Madan in his CoU. of Ft. dfr Hyt., ftc^ 
1760, No. 42. The text, with Madan's altera- 
tions in italic*, is as follows : — 



1 Lo ! He comes with Clouds descending, 

Once for fitvour'd Sinners slain ! 

Thousand thousand Saints attending; 

Swell tbe Triumph of his Train i 

Halleluiah! 
Battetojat.1 ' 
a. 
" Every Eye shall now behold Him, 
RobM in dreadful Majesty ; 
Those who set at nought and sold Hun, 
Plerc'd, and nall'd Him to the Tree, 

Deeply walling, 
Shall tbe True Messiah see. 



Watty. 



Walty. 



Frvm " Ev'ry Ialand, Sea, and Mountatn, 

Heav"n and Earth shall flee away t 
All who hate Him, must, Offg/ovaed, 
Hear tne Trump proclaim me Djy : 
Come to Judgment ] 



Gone to Judgment 7 cost away t • 

IV. 

From " How Redemption long expected, 
Ottniek, See ! In solemn Pomp appear I 
All hia Saintt, by Man rejected, 
Now shall meet Him In the Air I 
Halleluiah J 
See (As Asy a/ God typear J 
v. 
Aon " Anawer tAtne own Bride and Spirit, 
JTetliy, Hasten, Lord, the gen'ral Doom ! 
Jrynn No. Tbe New Beav'n and Earth t' inherit, 
saxviii. TakoThjr pining Exiles Home: 
Of above. All Creation 

TraTsJls I groans 1 and hida Utee come I 
vt. 
Prom. " Yea ! Amen ! Let all adore Thee, 
Wetlrg. High on Thine eternal Throne I 

Sivtona take tbe Pow'r and Olory; 
Claim ths Kingdom for thine own] 
JVkw* come quickly ! 

Oamick. Hallelujab I Come, Lord, come ! " 

4. This cento, with tho omissfou of sL v. 
came into general use, and was rarely altered 
until after 1830, when Hall, in his Mitre H. 
Sk., 1836, and others, began to tamper with 
the text Several editor* were assisted in 
making their alterations and changes in the 



S82 LO! HE COMES WITH CLOUDS 

text through T. Olivers's hymn, " Come, Itn- 
mortal King of Glory " (q.v.), first pub. in 20 
sts. without date ; and then in 36 sts. in 1763. 
The fourth at. of the 1763 text readB : — 
" Lo I He comes with clouds descending j 
Hark ! the trump of Qod ie blown ; 
And th' archangel's voice Attending, 
Make the high procession known, 

Sons of Adam 
Rise end stand before your God/' 

A cento from this hymn, and beginning 
with this stanza, is given in Lord Selborne's 
Boole of Praise, 1862. Either from the origi- 
nal, or from Lord Selborne's cento, several 
lines by Olivers ate interwoven in some modern 
collections with liadan's cento of 1760, as in 
Turing's Coll, 1882, where in at. iv. lines 5, 6 
are from Olivers's st. xxxv. 

5. The alterations which are found in the 
Madan cento in modern hymn-books tiro very 
numerous, and range from a single word to 
several lines. Of these altered versions more 
than twenty exist in the hymn-books now in 
C. XI. in English-speaking countries. Tliese 
alterations have not been made to suit any 
special school of thought, and in most oases 
they weaken, instead of strengthen tho hymn. 
They can easily be detected by comparing 
any text with those given above. 

6. Amongst the imitations of this hymn 
that are in C. V. we have " Lo 1 He comes 
with clouds descending," with st. ii. beginning 
'' See the universe in motion." This imitation 
embodies a great many lines ttotn Wesley's 
text It is by M. Bridges, and was pub. in his 
Hys. of the Heart, 1848, in 9 st. In 1855 it 
was given in H. W. Beecher's Plymouth Coll., 
with the omission of st Iv., and Retributed to 
Bryifges in error. A second imitation is: 
" Lo ! Ho comes with pomp victorious.** This 
is given anonymously in the 1876 ed. of E. 
Harland's Church Flatter and Hymnal. 

7. The Cennick^Wesley cento (Modem's) is 
one of the most popular hymus in the English 
language, and is in extensive UBe in all Eng- 
lish-speaking countries. It has also been 
translated into many languages. The tr. into 
Latin, "Nube vectus en descendit," by the 
Rev. C. B, Pearson in his Latin Trs. of £ng~ 
liah Hymns, 1862, p. 19, is from Wesley's text, 
with the addition of Cennick's st. v. 

8. The history of the tune " Olivers " in its 
original form, and also in its recast form 
as "Hehnsloy," both of which are insepar- 
ably associated with this hymn, is given by 
Major Crawford in Grove's Dictionary of 
Musia, vol. ii. p. 161. It appears from this 
article that Thomas Olivers (who is named 
above, nmi is the author of the popular hymn 
" The God of Abraham praise ) constructed 
ft tune partly out of a concert-room song, begin- 
ning " Guardian angels, now protect nic," and 
the same was published in Wesley's Select 
Hymns and Tunes Annexed, 1765, under the 
titlo Olivers. In 1769 it was recast by M. 
Madun, and published under the came of 
Helmsley, in his GoUectiiM of Hymn and Psalm 
Tunet. Four years afterwards a burlesque 
called Tlte Golden Pippin (1769) was pro- 
duced in London, and failed. In 1776 it was 
revived in a shortened form, end one of tho 
actresses, Miss Oatley, introduced into it the 
melody of "Gunrdian angels" adapted to the 
words of the burlesque. Although there is 



LO, THE STOEMS 05 LITE 

no indication of this in the book of words, she 
no doubt concluded the song, on which Olivers 
had based his tune eleven years before, by 
dancing " Miss Cutley's Hornpipe," constructed 
for the purpose out of the then popular Htlms- 
ley. It seems, therefore, that instead of the 
hymn tune being liable to the obloquy, so con- 
traoally cast upon it, of beiug made ont of 
" Miss Gatley's Hornpipe," the hornpipe was 
made ont of the tune. (Bee Major Crawford's 
article in the Diet, of Music, for fuller details* 
together with the music in its various forms.) 

CJ. J.] 

I«oI I come with joy to do. C. Wesley. 
{For Men in Business.] Pub. in Urn. for those 
(hat Seek, and those that Ham Redemption, 
1747, in 6 st, of 8 I, and headed " For a Be- 
liever, in Worldly Business " (P. Works, 1868- 
72, vol, iv. p. 211). It is in 0. U. in the 
following forms : — 

1. Lo! 1 <wme with joy to do. This was given in the 
Wet. n. Bk., 1130, No. 316, and has been repeated in 
several collections in Q. Britain and America. From 
His st. iv, is usually omitted. 

£. Behold 1 1 aome with joy to do, In the American 
Afeth, Eplsco. ifyntfu, 1849, And other American collec- 
tions, this is rt. i,, IE., and vl., slightly altered. 

3. Since Fre known* Saviour 1 ! Hams. Thlsalteied 
form of st. 11., iv., and vL was given In the American 
Prayer Bk. Coll., 182S, and is repealed in the i^nnoi 
of toe Prot. Episco. Church, 1811. In the flret line of 
st. ttj. an unfortunate change was made in ISM, and li 
retained in I8H. The original reads :— 

" that all the art might know 
Of living thus to Thee." 

This Is changed to : — 

" that all the amid might know 

Of living, Lord to Thee," [J, J J 

Iio in the flatter] last of days behold. 

J. Ogilvie. [Advent. ] First appeared as No. 
62 in tho Draft Scottish Translations and Pa- 
raphrases, 1781, in 14 sf. of 4 1., as a version 
of 2 Peter iii. 3-14, and again, with 5 lines 
altered, in the publio worship edition of the 
same issued in that year by the Church of 
Scotland and still in use. In a copy of the 
Trs. and Paraphs, marked by the eldest 
daughter of W. Cameron (q.v.) this version 
is asoribed to J. Ogilvie. In addition to its 
use us one of the Scottish Trs. d> Paraphs, it 
is found in the following forms : — 

1, Lo in the Utter day* behold, In (he 1BSS ed. of 
Harland's Ch. Ptalta- tf Hymnal, in s st, 

2, Lo in the last of dan behold. In the Ewlng-Payne 
CWt, (Jlaegow, ism, in 1 at. 

3, Though now, yo just, tho time appears (st. viii.l, 
In Porter's Sekciion, Glasgow, 18S3, In f st. 

4, When ermt the sons of men began (at. v.). In tho 
Twickenham Chapel Coll., 184S, In 4 st. 

In the Paraphrases and Hymns, Ac,, 1853, 
by Miss J. E. Leeson, Ogilvie's text is con- 
siderably altered, reduced to 8 st,and divided 
into two parte: — 

1. Lo in tho last of days fivrotold. 

2. With Thee, creating Lord, one day. 

[J.M.] 

Iio the Feast is spread to-day. H. 

Alford, [Holy Communion.] 1st pub. in his 
Pe. * Hymns, 1844, No. 92, in 4 st of 6 1., 
and again in his Year of Praise, 1867, No. 
152. It has passed into several hymn-books, 
both in G. Britain and America. [J. J.] 

Lo, the storms of life are breaking. 

H. Alford. [Epiphany.] Appeared in his 
Ps. &Hys., 1844, No. 23, in 4 st of 4 L It 



LO, WHAT A GLORIOUS SIGHT 

is appointed for the 4th Bud. after the Epi- 
phany, and is based npon the Gospel of that 
day. It was repeated in his Year of Praia, 
1867, No. 48, and in various editions of hie 
Poetical Work*. It is in 6x160811% use. [J. J.] 

Lo, what a glorious sight appears. 
J. Wafts. {The Kingdom of Christ.] let pub. 
in his Hy». & 8. Songe, 1707, as a paraphrase 
of Bey. xxi. 1-4, in 6 st. of 4 1. (2nd ed. 1709, 
Bk. i., No. 21). It is in 0. V. in G. Britain 
and America. The most popular hymn with 
this opening line is, however, a cento compiled 
fajm it and Watts' 8 "See where the great 
Incarnate God " (Hys. St. 8. Songt, 1709, Bk. I, 
JhTo. 45), which is No. 67 of the Scottish Trant- 
latum) and Paraphrases of 1781. In the 
Draft Tr*.& Parapkt., 1745, N0.S8, the cento 
was thus given : — 

St. L-v., from Wattt, No. 21, as abuve, 
fit. vi., new. 

St. vll.-ili., from Watti, No. *S, as above. 
St. xitl., from WatU, No. SI, as above. 

In the authorised Tr*. and Paraph*, of 1781, 
this text was repeated with slight alterations, 
and has been in 0. TJ. in Scotland and else- 
where to the present time. From the markings 
by the eldest daughter of W. Cameron (q.v.) 
we gather that the authorised Scottish text of 
1781 was arranged and altered by Cameron. 
It should be designated I. Watts, 1707-9, 
Saotiith Tri. 4c Farapht. ,1745 } and W. Cameron, 
1781. In Miss Jane E. Leeson's Paraph*. & 
Jjtyt., 18S8, the Scottish oento i* re-arranged 
as a hymn in 7 st., beginning " From heaven, 
the glorions city ocmes." [J. J.] 

Xiobe don Herren don machtigon 
Konig dor Ehren. X Neander. [Thanks* 
giving.'] A magnificent hymn of praise to 
God, perhaps the finest production of its 
author, and of the first lank in its class. It is 
founded on Fs. ciii., 1-6, and Ps. oL 1st pub. 
in his Glattb- mid LUbesitbtmq : anffgemttniert 
dutch einfalUge Bnndee Lieder and DantJt- 
Ptalmen, Bremen, 1680, p. 47, in 5 st. of 5 1., 
Repeated in Breylinghausen's Q. B., 1704, and 
in most subsequent collections, as recently in 
the Urn. L. 3., 1851, No. 687. 

It wis Utfl favourite byxnn of Friedtfch Wilhelm IH. 
of Russia, sod Laaa ra a r i n, in RocK viii. 310, relates 
bow he wu affected by bearing tt sung while in a boat 
In the mines at Wahtenuiirg in woo. With tola hymn 
tbe Prussian War Minister, Albrecht yon Roon, cele- 
brated hie Jubilee of service, near Paris, January 0, 
1BH. The splendid ahorale, riven In the V. B. for 
Bngland, appeared tn tbe atnOtmd Q, B., wes (net to 
the hymn "Hast du denn Xiebster deln Angestcht 
gjlDtillch verborgen," see Dr. J. Zahn's Plater trad 
Barfd 1886* No. 336), was adapted by Neander, aod 
repeated In Freyllngbaasen's Q. Jf H If 04, and moot later 
books. 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. To Ood Almighty be praiess and thanks from 
all living. A free tr. of St. )., «., v., as No. 58 
in the Dsdston Hospital H. Bk., 1848. 

B. Praise ya Jehovah 1 with anthems of praise 
seme before Him. In 4 St. (marked as tr. from 
Neander, but really taking very little either 
from his language or his ideas), as Ho. 17 in the 
Amer. Luth. Gen. Synod's //. Bk., 1850-52. 

9, Oh nnis* the Xing' supreme in might, who 
leigneth ia fiery, Omitting st. iv,, by A. T. 
Russell, as No. 214 in his Ps. & ffys., 1851. 

4. Praise te Jehovah t the Almighty King of 
Oieatien. A good tr., omitting st. ii., by Hiss 
Borthwick in the 2nd Ser., 1 855, of the H. L. L., 



LOBWASSEB, AMBBOSIUS 683 

p. G6 (1884, p. 12+). Repeated in Dr. Pagen- 
stecher's Coll., 1864, and Wilson's Service of 
Prate, 1865. 

5. Praise to the Lord! He is King ever all the 
Creation. A good tr., by T. C. Porter, in Cantate 
Domino, Boston, U.S., 1B59, No. 315 ,• repeated 
in the Hys. far the [German} Seformed Ch., 
Philadelphia, 1874, No. 462. 

6. Prais* to the lard I the Almighty, the Xtng 
of creation! A good tr., omitting st. iv., by 
Miss Wiukworth, as No. 9 in her C. B. for Eng~ 
land, 18G3 ; and thence in Dr. W. F. Stevenson's 
H.for Ch. $ Home, 1873, Evany. Hyi., N. Y., 
1880 t &c. 

7. Prais* thou the lord, the omnipotent Konareh 
of Glmy. In full, as No. 361, in the Ohio Luth. 
Hyl, 1880, milked as tr. by "J. H. Good." 

S. Praises we're bringing- to Jesns, Almighty and 
Royal, A tr. of st. i., iv. (dated 1880), by 
M. W. Stryker, ns No, 398 in the Ch. Praise Bk., 
N. Y., 1882, with an original st. as iii. 

9, Praise to ths lord, the Omnipotent King of 
Creation. 1 A ir. of st. i.-iii., v. (dated 1882), by 
M. W. Stryker, in his Hyt. $ Verses, 1883, 
p. 30 ; repeated as No. 31 in his Christian 
Choral*, 1885. 



Other tn. are : (1) " Praise tbou, my Soul, the most 

" ' " in the ■ - - 

. 5, p. 

tbe glorions King of Creation," In tbe aid ed., 1882, of 



mighty end great King of Glory," in the 5vppi. to Oer. 
Pialniody, ed. lfBS, t,. ss, (2) " Praise to the FaUier, 



bo 1 



J. Hi Hopkina'e Omiis, ^j. omt Smgi, dated 1808. 
'3) "Praise the Almighty, the King of a glory un- 
innded," bvjr.L. Frothingiam, 1810, p. WU. 

[J. M.] 

Xiobet den Herren, denn er ist wabx 
fireundlich. [ffraes after Meat] Founded 
on Ps. cslvii. Bode, p. ISO, cites this as in 
the Jnngfraic Sahulordnung zu Torgaw, printed 
at Leipzig, 1565, where it has 9 st. of i 1., and 
is printed after the instruction on the First 
Commandment. WacJternagel,iy. p. 168, quotes 
it from a Nurnberg broadsheet ir.D., ciroo 15G0 
(Zwey Sektine Geidliche Lieder), and from the 
Leipzig G. B. 1582, in 7 st. ; anil this form is 
in the Unv. L. 8., 1851, No. 499. The only 
tr. in C. U. is noted under " Lobet den Herren 
alle die ihn furohten " (see j. 411, ii), 

[J. M.] 

Lobwaaser, Ambroalus, s. of Fabian 
Lobwaeser, inspector of mines at Schneeberg, 
Soxony, was b. at Schneeberg, April 4, 1515, 
After studying law at Leipzig (m.a. 1535) he 
remained there as University tutor until 1550. 
After acting as trayelling tutor, he was op- 
pointed in 1557 Bath and Chancellor at 
Meissen, and in 1562 made a tour in Italy, 
and received the degree of ll.d. from the 
University of Bologna, He was finally ap- 
pointed In 1568 by Duke Albrecht of Prussia 
as professor of law and assessor at the High 
Court of Justice at Konigsbei-g. He d, at 
Konigsberg Nov. 27, 1585 {Koch, it. 394- 
401, &c). 

His principal poetical work was his version of the 
Ptalter, which is noted under Psalters, German, pt, I. 
( ii. One has passed into English in recent times, viz. i 

Dir Xnecht des Herren all Eiultfoh. [Pt. czsziv."] 
The original Is ne&i's VL^slon of the Psalm, " Or sua, 
serviteurft de SeiaTicur," which nrst appeared in Ills 
7)tnte-quairviiKauma de Daui<l, Geneva, 1B51, l^ob- 
wasser's version la In his Pxalltr dest K&nigHchea pro- 
phcten Daaids, Leipzig, 1613 (not paged), tn a st. of 
4 \., entitled " He encourages tbe people to fulfil their 
calling diligently, and a&snreB them that God will grant 
them His grace. 2V. as : — 

Ya aeryuta of the Lord, who stand, In lull, by Miss 



684 LODJbWsTElN, JODOCUS VAN 

WInkwortb, as No. 86 In her C. B. for Bnatand, 1943, 
and set to the original melody of 15*1 (we * All people 
thatonearthdodwell"). [J. M.] 

Lodenstein, Jodoeus van, s. of Joost 
Cornelias van Lodenatein, burgomaster of 
Delft, was b. ut Delft Feb. 6, 1620. After 
studying at the Universities of Utreoht and 
Franeker be was appointed in 1644 pastor at 
Zoetermeerand Zegwaard, near Delft ; in 1650 
at Stays (Sluis, near the boundary of Flanders); 
and in 1653 at Utrecht. He- d. at Utrecht 
Aug. B, 1677 {AOg. Deutsche Btog. six. 73-75). 

A pastor of the Reformed Church, he was spiritually 
allied to the Mystics. After isctt, not being able to ex- 
clude the worldly, he ceased to dispense the Holy Com- 
munion end altered the Baptismal formula ; but never 
separated from the Church. 

His hymns appeared in his Uyt-Spanningen, 
Behelfende eenige stigtelyke Liederen en anaere 
Qedigtea, &c, Utrecht, 1676 [Berlin], which 
passed through many eds. Two are tr., viz. : — 

1, Knutoh Oete 1 Tilt gy degen, i* 1 ™ <° God-] 
lSt«, p. 318, la 9 bi. entitled "Solitude with God." It 
has piffled Into English through 

Xah will fHlifi»ri and ganuiuam. No* 1 £3, in Frey- 
linghausen's G. B., 1108 ; Porat's C B., ed. 185*, Ho. 
sea. It is a free tr. in £ at. of a L, and la probably by 
C A. Bernstein (p. 13ft, ii.), certainly not by G. Arnold 
or (i. Tersteegen. Tr. as (1) "Quite alone and yet not 
lonely," In full, from the lies, *e No. 680 in pt. 1. of the 
Maravian B. Bi., 1164. In the Moravian B. Bk., ITS* 
(1886, No. 101), the trt. of st. 1., ii., were reduced to 
i. 1.8.1, and this form is also In the Bibtt II. Bk., 1845. 

I, Heylge Tni! HemaUeh Voerbeeld! [tJArisf our 
^nmplt.j 1618, p. 16a, in 8 St., entitled "Jesus Fat- 
tern." It has passed Into English through 

Xtilifater Jen, HsCifunHqueUs, tr. In full. This 
has not yet been traced earlier than G. Arnold's Gtitt- 
Kcse Sophia, 1180, pt. 1L p. 321, where it Is No. 11 of 
•'Some hitherto unknown poems, mostly composed by 
others. 1 * As It is found in this section it Is perhaps 
more probably by!i.CrasselIus(q. v.). Koch, vl. 6, and 
vrrl. *31, characterises It as "a pearl in the Evangelical 
Treasury of Song and a genuine Christian moral Hymn, 
of more importance than a hundred of the so-called 
moral hymna in the second half of the eighteenth cen- 
tury." In the Berlin 0. L. S. ed., 1883, No. 631. 

the tn.ate: (1) "AaTby will, my 8avIour,"of 
st. 1!., by C. O. Clemens, as No. 1085 In the Siifipl. of 
1808, to the Jformrfmi B. Bk., 1801 (1886, No. 822). 
(S) "Must holy Jesus 1 Fount unfailing," by Dr. B. 
MiUt, ISIS (1886, p. 2B1)l (3) "Thou holiest Saviour, 
sacred spring," by if**t Dunn, 1851, p. aa. (4) "Most 
holy Jesus, Fount of light," in Schaffs Chritt in Seng, 
lite, p, 133. [J. M.] 

Logan, John. [Bruce, Miehael,] 

Logan, Friedrich von, woe b. In June, 
1604, at Brookut, near Nimptsch, in Silesia, 
and became in 1611 Kanzleirath in the service 
of the Dukes of Brieg. In 1654 he removed 
with Duke Lndwig to Liegnitz as his Regie- 
rungsrath, and d. at Liegnitx, July 24, 1655. 

He was one of the beet German poets of bis time 
(admitted a member of the Palm Order In 1648), and 



specially distinguished as a writer of epigrams and 
aphorisms. These were first pub, ininas, Thecomplete 
ed., Breslau, 1684, was entitled Saltmvni vat Golavf 



dotttc/ter Sinn-Gitichte drew Tatttend. A complete re- 
print was issued by the Stuttgart Literary Society In 
1813 (vol. 113 of their publications), and selections by 
Q. Eitner (Leipzig, 1810), and modernised by K. Sixnrock 
(Stuttgart, 1814), and L. H. Fischer (Lolpiig, 1SV5). A 
few have been ir. by H. W. Longfellow, and of these 
the two best known, with one or two more tr. by herself, 
are Included in Miss Winkworth's Chrittian Bingert, 
1869, pp. 230-133. [J. M.] 

Long did I toil and know no earthly 
test. H, F. Lyte. IPeaee tn Jesus.] Ap- 
peared in his Poemi chiefly Beligious, 1833, 
p 76, in 6 st. of 6 I. It combines unwavering 
confidence with plaintive sweetness and is 
cue gf his most touching efforts. Its use is 



UWG HAVE I SOUGHT 

extensive ; but usually two or more otanzaa 
are omitted. Orig. text in Lyra Brit., 1867, 
P. 377. [J. J.] 

Long have I laboured in the fire. 
C, Wesley. [Repentance^ 1st pub, in Hut. 
* Sac. Poem, 1742, in 10 st. of 4 1., as the 
second of two hymns, "After a relapse into 
Sin" (P. Wvrkt, 1868-72, vol. ii. p 202). In 
the Wet. H. Bk., 1780, st. vi„ viii.-x, were 
given as No. 208, " Jesus, to Thee I now can 
fly." This has been repeated in several col- 
lections^ sometimes as " Jesus, to Thee we now 
con fly," and again as "Jeans, to Thee, to 
Thee, I fly," as in Dr. Alexander's Auguttine 
H. Bk^ 1849 and 1865. [J. J.] 

Long; have I [we] Bat beneath the 
Bound. J. Watt*, [tJn/ruif/aJncw.] 1st pub. 
in the 2nd ed. of his Kys. and 8. Songs, 1709, 
Bk, ii,, No. 165, in 6 st. of 4 L, and headed 
" Unfruitful nesa, Ignorance, and unsanctifted 
Aflftctious." It was repeated in J, Wesley's 
P«. rt Hys., pub. at Oharlestowii, 1736-7, in 
Whitefield's Ft. <t !(>., 1753 ; Madan's Pe. & 
By*., 1760, and others of the older collections, 
and also in a large number of modem hymn- 
books both in G. Britain and America, but 
usually in a slightly altered form, and some- 
times as, "Long have we sat beneath the 
sound." Another and somewhat popular ar- 
rangement of the text is " Long have we heard 
the j'ojp/ul sound." ThiB is in Snepp's Songt 
of G. & <?., 1872, Common PraUe, 1879, and 
many others. [J. J.J 

Long have I seemed to serve Thee, 
Lord. O.Wuhy. [Formal Beliaton.] Written 
during the disputes between the Wesleys and 
the Moravians concerning Antinomianism and 
Perfectionism. Dr. Jackson sums np the con- 
troversy in his itfe»H>fr* of C. Wesley (abridged 
ed., 1848, p. 98) thus:— 

"Molther was the most active and strenuous In pro- 
pagating the errors by which many were misled. lie 
contended that there are no degrees In faith; so that 
those who have not the full and unclouded assurance of 
the divine favour, whatever they may posaesa besides, 
have no faith at all. Another tenet which he avowed 
and defended was, that till men have faith, they are not 
to use any of the means of grace, such as the reading of 
the Scriptures, attending the ministry of the Gospel, and 
receiving the Holy Communion ; these ordinances being 
rather injurloua than beneficial, till men nave a trueand 
vital faith. , . , ThefinehymnonQnisUanOrdinances, 
and beginning, 

'Still mr thy loving Jtindnc&s, Lord, 
I in Thy temple wait,' 
was written by Mr. C. Wesley at this period [1138-10], 
as an antidote to the miachlevoua errora which were 
prevalent." 

The hymn was included in the Wesley Hyt. 
4 Sac. Poemt, 1740, in 23 st, of 4 1., and headed 
« The Means of Grace " (J*. Wort*, 1868-72, 
vol. i. p. 233). In 1780 J. WeBley compiled 
two hymns therefrom, and gave them in the 
We*. H. Bk. db :— 

1. Long have I seemed to serve Thee, Lord, JVb. 98. 

3. Still for Thy lovlag-hindness. Lord, JITo. 8s. 

These hymns have been repeated in numer- 
ous hymn-booke in G. Britain and America. 
In the American Unitarian Hy$. for the Oh. of 
Christ, 1853, the Bret of these is reduced to 
4 st. [J. J.] 

Long have I Bought for happiness, 
W. Hammond, [Death and the Beturrection.'] 
let pub. in his Pt., Hyt. and Spiritual Songs, 
1745V p. 97, in 13 st. of 4 L and headed, " And 



LONGFELLOW, HENBY W. 

so shall we ever be with the Lord." In this 
full form it is not in common use. A cento 
therefrom, " Lord, if on earth the thought of 
Thee," in given in the S. P. C. K. Church 
Hymns, 1871, No. 417. It is composed of sts. 
ui, It., foe. and siii, all more or leas altered. 

[J. J.] 

Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 

D.C.L., was b. at Portland, Maine, Feb. 27, 
1807, and graduated at Bowdoin College, 1825. 
After redding in Europe for four years to 

Sualify for the Chair of Modern Languages in 
lat College, he entered upon the duties of the 
same. In 1833 he removed to Harvard, on 
his election as Professor of Modern Lan- 

0;es and Belles-Lettres. He retained that 
eseorahip to 1851. His literary reputation 
is great, and his writings are numerous and 
well known. His poems, many of which are 
as household words in all English-speaking 
countries, display much learning and groat 
poetic power. A few of these poems and por- 
tions of others have come into C. U. as hymns, 
but a hymn-writer in the strict sense of that 
term he was not and never claimed to be. 
His pieces in C. U. as hymns include : — 

1. Alas, hew poor mi little worth. Life a 
Roes. Tr. from the Spanish of Don Jorge 
Manriqne (d, 1479), in Longfellow's Poetry of 
Spain, 1833. 

1. AH ii of Ood ; if He Imt wave EU hand. 
Qod All and in All. From his poem " The Two 
Angels," pub. in his Birds of Passage, 1858. It 
is in the Boston Hys. of the Spirit, 1884, &c. 

3, Blind Bartimaiu at the gat*. Bartimeus, 
From his Miscellaneous Poems, 1841, into G. W. 
Gander's 1874 Appendix to the Leeds H. Bk. 

4, Outfit to flu young ram said, " Yet uu thing 
■ma*," Ordination. Written for his brother's 
(S. Longfellow) ordination in 1648, and pub. in 
Seaside and Fireside, 1851, It was given in 
an altered form as " The Saviour said, yet one 
thing more," in H.W. Beecher's Plymouth Coll., 
1855. 

C. Down th* dark future through long genera- 
tttm*. Peace. This, the closing part of his 
poem on " The Arsenal at Springfield," pub. in 
his Belfrey of Bruges, lie, 1845, was given in 
A Book of Hys., 1846, and repeated in several 
collections. 

a. jjita the silent land. The Hereafter. A tr. 
from the German (see Balis). 

7, Tell m* not In mournful numbers. Psalm of 
Life. Pub. in his Voices of the Sight, 1839, as 
" A Psalm of Life : What the heart of the Young 
Man said to the Psalmist." It is\given in 
several hymnals in G. Britain and America. In 
some collections it begins with at. ii., "Life is 
real I Life is earnest." 

The universal esteem in which Longfellow 
was held as a poet and a man was marked in 
a special manner by his bust being placed in 
that temple of honour, Westminster Abbey. 

[F. M B/j 

Longfellow, Samuel, v.*., brother of 
the Poet, was b. at Portland, Maine, June 18, 
1819, and educated at Harvard, where he 
graduated In Arts in 1889, and in Theology 
in 1846. On receiving ordination as an Uni- 
tarian Minister, lie became Pastor at Fall 
Biver, Massachusetts, 1848 ; at Brooklyn, 1868; 



LOOK, TE SAINTS, THE BIGHT 685 

and at Germantown, Pennsylvania, 1860. In 
1846 he edited, with the Rev. £. Johnson 
(q. \.\ A Book of Hymns for Putilic and Pri- 
vate Devotion. This collection was enlarged 
and revised in 1818. In 1859 his Vespers was 
pub., and in 1864 the Unitarian Hymns of the 
Spirit, under the joint editorship of the Rev. 
8. Johnson and himself. His Life of his 
brother, the Poet LoDgfellow, was pub, in 1886. 
To the works named he contributed the fol- 
lowing hymns : — 
i. To A Book of Hymns, revised ed., 1848. 

1. Beneath the shadow of the Ctou. Love. 

2. O God, thy children gathered here. Ordination, 

ii. To the Vespers, 1859, 

3. Again as evening's shadow falls. Evening, 
*. Jfowonland andeeadeecendmg. Evening. 

iii. To the Hymns of the Spirit, 1864. 

E>, A voice by Jordan's shore. Advent. 

6. Father, give Thy benediction. Ordination. 

1. Go forth to life. child of earth, jw/e't Minion. 

s. God of ages and of nationa. Soty Scripture*. 

9. Holy Spirit, Truth divine. The Bt&y Spirit desired. 
10. 1 look to Thee in every need. Trial in God, 

11. In the beginning was the Word. The Word. 

12. Love for all, and can it be i Lent. The Prodigal 
Son. 

13. God, In Whom we live and move, God'i Lav 
and Love. 

U. OGod, Thou Giver of all good. Prayer for fiad. 

16. O still In accents sweet and strong. Mistiont . 

IS. O Thou, Whoee liberal sun and rain. Anniversary 
o/ Church dedication. 

IT. One holy Church of God appears. Tike Church 
Universal. 

18. Ontofthedark.thecirclingephere. The Outloek, 

19. Peace, peace on earth ! the heart of man for ever. 
Peace on Earth. 

So. The loving Friend to ell who bowed. Jena of 
Jfataretk. 
21. 'lis winter now, the fallen enow. Winter, 
Of these, hymn No. 2 was written for the 
Ordination of E. E. Hale (q. v.), at Worcester, 
1846. Several are included in Martineau's 
Hymns, 1873. D. Oct. 3, 1892. [F. M B.] 

Look down, O Lord, and on our 
youth. T. CottenU. [Confirmation.'] Ap- 
peared in the 9th ed. of his Bel, 1820, No. 120, 
in 6 st. of 4 ]., and beaded, " Intercession for 
Children about to be Confirmed." It has 
passed into a large number of hymn-books, 
and is popular as a Confirmation bymn. [J. J.] 

Look down, O Lord, with pitying 
eye. P. Doddridge. [Jtftstibn*.] This hymn 
is No. 66 in the d. mss. but is undated. It 
was pub. by J. Orton in his ed. of Dod- 
dridge's (posthumous) Hymns, &cl, 1755. No. 
116, in 5 st. of 4 1., and again in J. D. Hum- 
phreys's ed. of the same, 1839, No. 164. It is 
based on Eiekiel's Vision of the Dry Bones, 
and is in C. U. in G. Britain and America. 

[J. J.] 

Look in pity, Lord of Glory. E. Cat- 
walk (Confirmation.'] This hymn is com- 
piled from a " Hymn for the Renewal of 
Baptismal Vows," first pob. in his May Pa- 

rnt and other Poems, 1865. It is written to 
sung in parts, divided into a " Solo," 
" Chorus," and aportton to be sung by "All." 
In the Peoples HT, each of these parts has been 
lain under contribution to furnish hymn 846. 
Caswall's revised text is in his Hjrmns A Poems 
1873, p. 296. [W. T. B.] 

Look, ye saints, the sight Is glorious. 
T. Kelly. {The Seeond Advent.! 1st pub. in 
his Hymns, &c, 3rd ed., 1809, No. 27, m 4 st, 



686 LOBD AND GOD OP HEAVENLY 

of 6 1., and headed, " And He shall reign for 
ever, and ever '* (1853 ed., No. 49). In popu- 
lar and extensive use both in G. Britain and 
America, It ranka with many of the best 
hymns by Watts and C. Wesley. [J. J.] 

Lord and God of heavenly powers. 
C. Wesley. [Praise.] Appeared in Hys. and 
Sac. Poems, 1739, pt. ii., as a. metrical para- 
phraso of " Therefore with Angela and Arch- 
angels," &c. ( See Ter Sanrtm, in Greek 
Hymnody, p. 4S9, i.), from the Office for Holy 
Communion hi the Book of Common Prayer. 
(P. Work*, 1868-72, vol. i. p. 114.) It is in 
3 st, of 4 1, In its original form it is not in 
frequent use ; but st. iii. — 

" K Hbly, holy, holy, Lord, 

Live by heaven and earth adored t ' 
Full of Thcc they ever cry, 
* Glory be to God most high,' " 

is sometimes used in centos, as in Mercer's 
version of "Sona of God, triumphant rise" 

(q.V.). [J. J.] 

Lord, and what shall this man do P 
J. ifeite, [St. John the Evangelist.'] Written 
Dec. 27, 1810, and 1st pub. in his Christian 
Tear, 1827, in 6 st. of G I, and based upon 8t. 
John xxi. 21, 22. It is given in several 
hymn-books, but usually in an abbreviated 
form. In the American Plymouth Colt, 1855, 
No. 858, st. iv.-vi. are given as "Gales from 
heaven, if so He will." [J. J.] 

Lord, as to Thy dear Cross we flee. 
/. If. Gurney. [Besignation, or The Daily 
Cross.] 1st pub. in his Lutterworth CoU. of 
Hys., 18S8, No. 127, in 6 st. of 4 1., and again 
in the Mary-le-bone Ps. it Hys., 1851, No. 112. 
It is given in numerous collections in G. 
Britain and America, and sometimes as, " As 
to Thy Cross, dew Lord, we flee." Another 
altered form is " Lord, as we put our trust in 
Thee," in Common Praise, 1879. [J. J.] 

Lord, at Thy feet a sinner lies. 
8. Browne. [Lent.] Appeared in the 1st ed. 
of his Hys. and Spiritual Songs, &c., 1720, 
No. 15, in 6 at. of 4 1., and entitled " Sinners 
suing for mercy." In Kippon's Set., 1 787, No. 
235, it was altered to "Lord, at Thy feet me 
tinners lie," and this form has been continued 
to modern hymnals, as in Bap. Ps. & Hys., 
1858 and 1880, No. 384, Its use is somewhat 
extensive. [J. J.] 

Lord, at Thy Table I behold. S. 

Stennett. [Holy Communion,'] Appeared in 
Hys. for All Denomiittiiions,JA>n. 1782, No. 42, 
andin Rippon's Bap. Sel., 1787, No. 482, in 7 st. 
of 4 1., and entitled " A Sacramental Hymn." 
It was given as by "Dr. J. Stennett" ; but the 
" J." is a misprint for " S." This error is re- 

E eated in most collections. The use of this 
ymn, naually in an abridged form, is some- 
what extensive in G. Britain and America, 
and especially amongst the Baptists. [J. 3.] 

Lord, at Thy temple we appear, J. 

Watts. [Nunc Dimittis.] This is given as 
" The Song of Simeon ; or, Death made de- 
sirable," in his Hys. & Spiritual 8., 1707, 
Bk. L, No. 19, in 6 st. of i i. It is in use in 
G. Britain and America. In the Leeds H. 
Bk., 1853, No. 647, st. v., vi. are given as, 
" Jesus, the vision of Thy Pace." The use 
of this abbreviated form is limited, f J. J.] 



LOKD, DISMISS US WITH 

Lord, at Thy word the constant 
sun. J. H. Gumey. [Harvest.] 1st pub. 
in his Lutterworth Coll. of Hymns, Ac, 1838, 
No. 128, in 4 st. of 7 1., with st. iv. bracketed 
for omission if desired. In 1851, st. L.— iii. 
were rewritten, and a now st. iv. added by 
the author for his Mary-le-bone P». & Hys., 
No. 124, and included therein as "Lord of 
the Harvest ! Thee we hail." Since 1851 it 
has pasaed into most of the leading collections, 
and is the most popular of the author's com- 
positions. In the 2rymnarjf,I872,and Tbring's 
Ceil., 1882, Drjden's doxology, "Immortal 
honour, endless fame," from his " Creator 
Spirit," Ac, is added thereto. This gives to 
the hymn a completeness not usually found 
in the collections. Orig. text as above : autho- 
rized text of 1851 in the S. P. C. K. Church 
Hys., with st. ii., 11, 1, 2, " When " for " If" 
in both lines. [J. J.] 

Lord, by Thee In safety borne. J, 

Ansttee. [Sunday looming.] 1st pub, in his 
posthumous Hymns, Ac, 1836, No. v., in 4 st. 
of 8 1. In 1841 it was' given in the Child's 
Christian Year as the opening hymn of that 
collection. It is in a few hymnals, including 
Kennedy, 1863, in which st. it., 1L 1-4, and 
various alterations are by Dr. Kennedy. 

[J. JO 
Lord, cause Thy face on us to shine, 

T. CoilerilL [For a Blessing on Ministers and 
People.] Contributed to the 8th ed. of his 
Sel., 1819, No. 28, in 3 st. of 8 1 , and headed, 
" For God's blessing on His Ministers and 
People." Although not repeated in the 9th 
ed., 1820, it was included in other hymn- 
hooka, and is still in 0. U. The hymn, " O 
King of Salem, Prince of Peace," in W. F. 
Stevenson's Hys. for Church and Home, 1873, 
and other collections, begins with st. ii. of 
this hymn. [J. J.] 

Lord, come away; why dost Thou 
stay. Bp. Jeremy Taylor. [The Second Ad- 
vent."] This hymn, entitled "The Second 
Hymn for Advent; or, Christ's Coming to 
Jerusalem in Triumph," appeared in his Fes- 
tival ami Penitential Hymns, appended to his 
Golden Grove, 1655, in 21 irregular lines. In 
this form it was included in Bp. Heber's 
(posthumous) Hymns, Ac, 1827, and in Bp, 
Taylor's Collected Works, vol. vii., 1854. 61 
this form, however, it was not suitable for 
congregational use. In a rewritten form it 
appeared in tho Leeds H. Bk, 1853, No. 286, 
as, ^'Descend to Thy Jejusalem, O Lord." 
This, with slight variations, was included in 
the Barum Hymnal, 1868, as " Draw nigh to 
Thy Jerusalem, O Lord," and from thence has 
passed into the S. P. O. K. Church Hys.,lS71, 
and Others. [Engli»* Hymnody, Burly, § ix.1 

[J. J.] 
Lord, dismiss us with Thy blessing, 

[Close of Service.] This is the opening lino 
of four hymna, each of which must be noted 
in detail. 
i. The first hymn reads;— 
1. 
" Lord, dlgmi&s us wSth thy Bleeding \ 
Fill our Hearts "with Joy and peace 1 
Let us each, thy Love posaesalDft 
Triumph La redeeming Grace 

refresh us 
In this dry and barren place. 



liOBD, DISMISS US WITH 



Thanks we give and Adoration 

For thy Gospel's Joyful Bound : 
Hay the Fruits of thy Solvation 

In out Hearts and Lives abound ! 
Kver faithful 

To toe Truth may we be found ! 

nr. 
" So whene'er the Signal's given 
1Tb from Earth to call away. 
Borne on Angela' wings to Heaven, 
Glad the Summons to obey. 

May we ever 
Reign with Cubist in endless Day." 

The authorship of tMs hymn has long been 
a matte* of doubt. From 1773 to 1780 it 
appeared in many collections, but-'idways 
without signature, in common with all the 
hymns in the same collections; and from 1786 
to 1800, when it was given in collections 
wherein hymns were assigned to their respec- 
tive authors, as the composition of " F." and 
" Fawcett." The details taking the leading 
collections are : — 

i. In A Supplement to the JShawbu-ry Bymn Book, 
Shrevrsoury, Printed oy J. Eddowet, near the Market 
Bouse, 1713. And told by Mr, T. Maddox in Shavibury. 
The title of the Shawbtay H, Bk, to which this is a 
SuppL Is A Collection of Psalms and Hymns. JRt- 
traeted from Dr. Watte, and otter Authors. The Snd 
sd. before us Is dated Shrewsbury, 17?3. It has -written 
In it " SlrRJchd. Hill," showing that It wastheproperty 
of Sir Richard HiU, brother of the Rev. Eowland H1U. 
The teat given above is from this Suppt., No.46. These 
facts SUBgeet the question, "Is Bowlond Hill the 
author t " We think not. because the hymn does not 
appear in any of his hymn-books, all published at a later 
date. If it were his, we cannot conceive why it should 
have been omitted. The omission from his hymn-books 
la fatal to bis claim. 

It. 1774. In Dr. Conyere's Collation of Ptvlmt and 
Hymns, Sue., London, J. & W. Oliver, 3rd ed., Ko. 374, 
In this at. 1., 1. e, is altered to TraiflUng thro 1 this 
wilderness. 

ill 1776, In A, M. Topls'ly's I'talmt and Hymns, 1st 
ed., No, lflS, with alterations thus :— » 

St, ii, t 11. 6, u. May thy pretence 

With ut axrmoreln found ! 
St. I!!., 1. S. Wt shall turds. 

iv. 1T7B. In A Collection of Bymns, pub. at Edin- 
burgh, 

v. mo. In the 4th ed. of Br, Oonyers's CM,, pub. 
at York. 

vi. 1730. In David Simpson's Collection of Pealai 
and Hymns, pub- at Macclesfield, Appendix, So. 483, 

vli, 17Sfl, In A Collection of Hymns, &c, (4th ed,\ 
pub. at York by A. Ward, for the compiler, the Rev. J. 
Harris, a Nonconformist BI mister of Hull, 

vllL 17S0. In the Lady Buniingdon Collection, under 
the editorship of the Hon. snd Rev, Walter Shirley. In 
this case we have the altered text of JojUady repeated 
for the first time. 

To this date no indication of authorship 
can be fonnd either in the above collections, 
or in contemporary liteiatuie. Thirteen years 
after its first appearance in Suppl. to the 
Shaidbury H. Bk. the Iijstory is again taken 
up, but in a more definite form, thus : — 

tt. 1786, In a Selection of Psalms for Social Wor- 
thip, 4c., York", A, Ward. This Unitarian collection 
contains the first four lines only of st,i. and ii„ and 
these are signed " F." This initial we nnd from the 
list of authors given in the collection represents *r. 
Pbwcctt (q.v.}, a Nonconformist Minister formerly of 
Waiuagate, Yorkshire ; and then of Hebden Bridge, In 
the same county, A Bhado of doubtfulness, however, is 
thrown over the ascriptions of authorship in this collec- 
tion by the editor prefacing hia 114 with these words, 
" In the appropriation [of names! as It depended much 
on the compiler's memory, he wishes it to be observed, 
that there may probably be some mistakes, but he hopes 
there are not many." Preface, p. arf. 

x. 1791. In the Tib etf of Harris's Cottectton, No. 
213 (seevh), pub, at York, and edited by John Beatson, 
George Lambert, Robert Green, and John Jones, it is 
given as in Dr. Oouyers's Coileetkn, and signed Jtuocett. 



LORD, DISMISS US WITH 687 

xi. 1800. In A Collection, of Bymns for Christian 
Worship, pub. in Dublin, and again sighed Fawcett 

From this date the signature falls out of use 
for many years, probably from the fact that, 
the York and BulMn Collection* being little 
known, the editors of new hymn-books took 
their texts from Conyere, Toplady, the Lady 
Huntingdon, Burder, or similar widely-known 
collections in which all hymns were given 
without signatures, and appended thereto such 
notes as, '* from Burder's Coll.," " Taylor and 
Jones's Coll.," and so on. During the past few 
years, however, the question of authorship 
has been revived, some claiming it for Dr. 
Fawcett, and others for the Hon, and Rev. 
W. Shirley. Their respective claims, with 
their drawbacks, stand thus ;■ — 

For Dr. John Fawcett. To him It is ascribed by the 
York Collections of 1786 end 1791, the editors of which, 
in common with Fawcett, were resident In Yorlcshlre, 
and minfsters of Nonconformist congregations. Also by 
the Dublin Collection, 1800, 

Against Dr. Pauxett. The before-named weakness 
in the testimony of the Fori Coll., 1796, must be noted, 
and the fact that the hymn Is not in Fawcett'e works, 
nor is it claimed for him either by his editor or his 
family. It must be added, however, that several of his 
hymns ore found in the Gospel Magazine which are not 
given in his works. 

Far Bon. and Eev. W. Shirley. A tradition in his 
family, set forth by his son to Mr. A. C. H, Seymour, 
and recorded by Dr. Rogers In Lyra Brit., p. 498, and 
Miller, Sitigcrt * Simgs if the Church, 18S9,p. 246, that 
it was hi* composition. 

Against Mr. Shirley. (1) There Is no documentary 
evidence. (a) That It was In the Shawbury Sapvl. 
sewn years before admitted liy Shirley as editor Into the 
Lady Huntingdon Ojlt. In 1780, and (3) when admitted 
the text was taken from Jbplady, and not from the 
original. 

These statements ere by no means satis- 
factory. Taking them, however, as they 
stand, we must conclude that the author is 
very probably Dr, Fawcett, and certainly not 
Walter Shirley. 

The use of this Dismissal hymn has been 
and still is most extensive. Nearly every 
hymn-book of an Evangelical type published 
during the past hundred years has adopted it 
in a form more or less perfect. In some cases 
it has a doxology added thereto or substituted 
for the last stanza, dfercer's doxology, Oxford 
ed,, 18(H, No. 54, is the most suitable. The 
hymns: — 

" Lord, refresh us with Thy blessing," 
found in various collections ; and — 

11 Lord, enrich us wilh Thy blessing," 
as in the Rugby School Hymn~Book, 1850, and 
later editions, are altered from the above, 
ii. The second hymn is : — 

" Lord, dismiss us with Thy blessing. 

Bid us all depart In peace \ 
Still on gospel manna feed us, 

Pure seraphic lovo increase : 
Fill each breast with consolation, 

Up to Thee our voices we raise, 
When we reach the blissful station. 

Then we'll give Thee nobler praise. 
And sing hallerajab to God and the Lamb, 

For ever and ever, for ever and ever, 

Hollehjah, Holleltyah, Hallelujah 1 

This hymn is found in Dr. Hawker's Psalms 
and Jlymne for the Sunday School in the 
Parith Ghnrch of Oharlei, Plymouth, 9th ed, 
no date, 13th ed. 1S07. In the Crawford and 
Ebeilo Index to the Irtish Chareh Hymnal, 
1876, p. 53, the editors say : — 

" It is found also, but with considerable alterations, In 
the Jiiv, £dimrd Smyth's Cclleetion, Manchester, D&S, 



688 LOED, DISMISS TTS WITH 

Of these two versions that of Hawker seems to be the 
oMer, sod Is possibly by Hawker hlmaeit It is as- 
cribed to blm in Baring^JenM's Uf' <jf *« *»»■ *■ s - 
£&vfcer, where, however, Mr. Biring-Gould has inad- 
vertently quoted the hymn with Fawcett'e text which 
Is fcund indeed In tbe latest edition of tbe Charla <M- 
feetum ( 1B6T), but was then introduced lu it for tbe first 
time by the editor, the Rev. H. A. &reaveB. If the 
eight~line stanza is by Dr. Hawker, it mast have ap- 
peared in his CbUectien before 1793. He became Vicar 
of Charles in lls+.and the Sunday School waa established 
In IJST." 

From the time of its appearance in the 
Charles and the Manchester CoUeetiom to the 
present, it has been republished in numerous 
hymnals, including D. Simpson's Macclesfield 
GoU, 1795; the Wet. H. Bk., 1800; Williams 
ABoden, 1801 ; Bailey's Sim** Melodies, 1813- 
1866, and others. In tbe last case it is given 
in two stanzas from "Smyth's Manchester Col- 
lection " as noted above, 
iii. The third hymn is : — 

" Lord, dismiss us Tilth Thy blessing, 
Thanks for mercies past receive ; 
Pardon all their faults confessing; 
Time that's lost, may ali retrieve ! 

May Thy children 

Ne'er again Thy Spirit grieve ! 

" Bless Than, all our days of leisure ; 

Help us selnsb lures to flee : — 

Sanctify our every pleasure. 

Pure and spotless may It be ; 

Hay our gladness 
Draw us evermore to Thee 1 
" By Thy kindly influence cherish 
All tbe good we here have gamed; 



May ali taint of evil perish, 
By T 



r Tby mightier power restrained ; 
Seek we ever 
Knowledge pure and love unfeigned ! 
•' Let Thy Father-band be shielding 
All who here shall meet no more ; 
May their seed-time past be yielding 
Year by year a richer store I 

Those returning 
Make more faithful than before ! " 

This hymn is by tbe Rev. H. J. Buckoll, 
sometime Assistant Master in Bugby School ; 
and it appeared in the Ps. & Hys.for the Use 
of Rugby School Chapel, 1850, No. 56, and 
appointed " For the last Sunday of the Half- 
Year." It had a companion hymn by Buckoll 
"For the first Sunday of the Half- Year" 
(No. 55), tbe opening stanza of which reads : — 

" Lord, behold us with Thy blessing, 
Once again assembled here; 
Onward be our footsteps pressing, 
In Thy love, and faith, and fear 1 

Still protect us 
By Thy presence ever near ! " 

These hymns have been repeated in most of 
the modern Public School hymn-books. 
iv. The/ourtft hymn is the following : — 
" Lord, dismiss lis with Thy blessing, 
Gnlde us In Thy holy ways, 
That Thy love and joy possessing, 
May we ever sing Thy praise. 

Hallelujah 3 Amen. 
That Thy love and joy possessing, 
We may ever sing Thy praise. 
«" Low In supplication bending. 
We adore Thy power divine ; 
Hallelqj&he never ending 
Through eternity be Thine 1 

Halielajabi Amen. 
Hallelujahs never ending 
Through eternity be Thine t " 

This hymn is given in A Sel. of Ps. & Hyt. 
pub. at Bugeley, by J. T. Walters, in 1850. 
The Preface is signed "F. E. P."; but the 
hymns are given anonymously. 

The first of these hymns has been translated 
Into various languages, and in one form or 



LOBD GOD, THE HOLY GHOST 

another it is in most extensive use throughout 
G. Britain, Amerioa, the Colonies, and on 
mission stations. A tr. into Latin of a 
slightly altered form of st, i. : " Bimitte nos, 
Deus,Tuis," by the Rev. B.Bingham, is given 
in his Hymno. Christ. Lat 1871, p. 163. 
It may be added that T. Cotterill's altered 
form of the oldest text as above, No. i., given 
in his Sel., 1819, as "Lord, prevent us with 
Thy blessing," failed to attract attention ; 
that "Dismiss us with Thy blessing, Lord," 
which is sometimes taken as also an altered 
form of this hymn, is by J. Hart (q. v.) ; that 
" Lord, attend ns with Thy blessing," No. 917, 
in XenneriV 1863, is based on Nos. i. and ii. as 
above ; and that " Lord, go with us, grant Thy 
blessing," in WindVs Oft. * Home M. Ps. * 
Hyl, 1862, No. 225, Is the same slightly 
altered. [J. J.] 

Lord, era the heavenly seed is sown. 

J. Needham. [Before or after Sermon. Para- 
ble of the Sotoer.] Pub. in his Hys. Devo- 
tional and Moral, on Various Subject!, &e, 
1768, No. 261, in 7 st. of 4 1., and an addi- 
tional stanza thus introduced ; — 

The above may be sung after sermon by nuking tbe. 
following alterations in stanza i. :— 

" Xtaw, Lord, the heavenly seed Is sown, 
Be It Thy servant's care. 
Thy heavenly blessing to bring down 
By humble fervent prayer." 

This suggested adaptation for use " After 
Sermon " has been adopted in some collec- 
tions, including the Bap. Sel. of Hys., 1838, 
No. 177; the Bap. Ps. * Jfys.,1858 and 1880, 
and others. The original is beaded " An 
Hymn before Sermon ; or, the Parable of the 
Sower nbridg'd." [J. J.] 

Lord, for ever at Tby side. J. Mont- 
gomery. [Ps. exxxf] Pub. in CotterilVs 
Set., 8th ed., 1819, p. 73, in 4 st. of 4 1., and 
headed, " For Humility." In 1822 it was re- 
peated by Montgomery in his Songs ofZion, 
as a paraphrase of Ps. exxsi. ; in his Poei»'«tl 
TForJcs, 1828; and his Original Hymns, 1853, 
No. 187. It is a moat successful paraphrase, 
and is somewhat widely used. [Paaiten, 
Engliah, § XVII.] [J. J.] 

Lord, from my bed again I rise. W. 
Bartholomew. [Morning.'] Written in 1851 
for Sir M. Costa's Oratorio Eli, and set as 
a song for the prophet Samuel. It waB pub. in 
Eli, 1854, and wbb subsequently repeated in 
several hymn-books, including the N. Cong., 
1858, and others. [J. J.] 

Lord God of morning and of night. 

F. T. Palgrave. [Morning.'] Written in 1862, 
and given in us. to Sir R. Palmer (Lord Sel- 
borne), who included it in his Bk. of Praise, 
1862, in 5 st of 4 1. In 1867 it was also given 
in the author's Hymns, and again in several 
collections in G. Britain and Amerioa. It has 
been specially set to music by Tilleard. Lon- 
don, Novello. [J, J.] 

Lord God, the Holy Ghost, X Mont- 
gomery. [Whitsuntide.') Pub. in Cotterill's 
Sel, 8th ed., 1819, No. 226, in 3 st. of 8 1, and 
headed " Whit- Sunday." In Montgomery's 
Christian Psalmist, 1825, No. 506, and in his 
Original Hymn*, 1853, No. 136, the text U 
slightly altered. This amended text is that 
given in Lard Selborne*s Bk. of Praiee, 1662, 



LOBD, HAVE MEBCY 

and In most of the collections which give the 
hymn. Its use in G-, Britain and America is 

extensive. [J. J.] 

Lord, have merer and remove us, 
S. J3. jMWman, [fleooen desired.] Pub. in 
Ep. Heber's posthumous Hymns, 1827, p. 122, 
in 4 st of 4 li, and again in Milman's Set. of 
Ps.&Hys., 1837 (ed. 1856, p. 90). It is found 
in several modern hymn-books. [J, J.] 

Lord, have mercy when we [pray] 
strive. S. S. MUman. [Lent] lit pub. 
In Bp. Heber's posthumons Hymns, &&, 1827, 
p. 94, in 3 st of 8 ]., with the refrain " Oh then 
have meroy ! Lord 1 " and repeated in the 
author's Ps. A Hys., 1837. Id addition to its 
use in its original form, it is also given in 
several collections as *• Lord, have meroy when 
we pray," as in the People's H., 1867 ; and, 
with st. ii. and iii. transposed, in the 1869 
Appendix to the S. P. C. K. Pi. & Hys. Be- 
cause of its refrain it ia sometimes regarded as 
a Metrical litany, [J. J], 

Lord, her watch Thy Church Is 
keeping. H. Downton. [Foreign Missions.'] 
Written fbra meeting of the Church Missionary 
Society, and first pub. in Barry's Ftahw & 
Hymn*, 1867, No. 170, in 3 St. of 8 1., and 
again in the author's Hymns & Vertes, 1873, 
p. 1, It is also found in the S. P. O. K. 
Cfturcn Hymns, 1871; H. A, & K, 1875; 
Turing's CoVL, 1882, and many others in G. 
Britain and America, and ranks with the best 
of the author's compositions. It is sometimes 
given as " Lord, Thy Church her watch is 
keeping," as in Common Praise, 1879, and 
others. [J. J.] 

Lord, how shall wretched sinners 
dare. Anne Steele. [In Time of War^\ Ap- 
peared in the 2nd ed. of her Poems em Subjects 
chiefly Devotional, 1780, vol iii, p. 123, in 8 st. 
of 4 I., and headed, " On the day of Prayer 
tar success in War." It is also in D. Sedg- 
wick's reprint of Miss Steele's Hymns, 1868. 
La a few American hymn-books, including the 
Presbyterian Bel. of Hys~, Philadelphia, 1861, 
a cento from this is given as " Lord, may our 
sonls Thy grace adore." It begins with st. iii., 
somewhat altered. [J. J.] 

Lord, I am Thine, but Thou wilt 
prove. I. Watts. [Ps. xeii.] 1st pub. in 
his Psalms of David, 4c, 1719, in 6 st, of 4 1., 
and headed "The Sinner's Portion and the 
Saint's Hope ; or, The Heaven of separate 
Sonls and the Resurrection." It is given in 
its original form in the Hy. Comp. and a few 
other hymn-books. In addition there are also 
the following abbreviations in 0. U. :— 

1, All, ill is vanity below, This is in altered farm 
of st. HL-vi. It appeared in the 1st ed. of CotterlU's 
Sei., 1810; Kid Is found in several modern collection?, 
Including that for the Harrow School Chapel, and others. 

I, 'What lunara t*um, I Mien. This li the most 
popular form of the hymn, and ie la extensive nee In 
8, Britain and America. It appeared In A. M. Topladys 
ft. * J&t., me, No. 1M. [J. J,] 

Lord, I am vile, conceived in sin. 
I. Watts. [Ps. It.] 1st pub. in his Ps. of 
David, &c., 1719, in 7 st. of 4 1. In the Ame- 
rican Church Pastorals, Boston, 1864, st. i., 
ii., lv.-vi. are given as one hymn (No, 361), 
and st iii. and viL, beginning " Great God, 
create my heart anew/' as another (No. 360), 



LORD, I DESIRE TO LIVE 689 

The hymn is also in use in its full form. Its 
original heading is, " Original and actual sin 
confessM." [J. J.] 

Lord, I believe a rest remains. C, 

Wesley. [Holiness desired.'] Pub. in Hys. & 
Sue. Poems, 1740, in 27 st. of 4 1, and based 
upon Heb. iv. 9, " There remaineth therefore 
a rest to the people of God" (P. Works, 
1868-72, vol. i.p. 370). In its original form 
it is on expression of faith in the doctrine of 
" Entire Holiness," or " Perfection," as under- 
stood by the early Methodists, and a prayer 
for personal possession of the same. In the 
Wei. H. Ek., 1780, J. Wesley included a 
cento therefrom as No. 391, embodying the 
same doctrine and prayer, the second and third 
stanzas of which read ; — 

" A Teat, where all our soul's desire 

la fixed on things above ; 
Where fear, and sin, and grief expire, 

Cast out by perfect love 1 
" that I now the rest might know, 

Believe, and enter In ! 
Now, Saviour, now the power bestow, 

And let me cease from sin." 

Wesley's theological opponents, however, 
had another cento from the same hymn in use 
for some years before, in which the rest was 
changed from a word which stood for the doc- 
trine of *' Entire Holiness," into a term de- 
scriptive of the eternal peace of Heaven. This 
is one of those changes in the text of the 
Wesley hymns which J. Wesley denounced in 
the Preface of the Wes. H. Bk. It was made 
by A. M. Toplady, and appeared in his Ps. & 
Hys., 1776v No. 52. Stanzas ii., iii. read (with 
the changes in the text in italics) ; — 
" Toefl Shalt fting and" never tire, 
in thai btat house above, 
Where doubt, and fear, am pain expire, 
Cast out by perfect love, 
a CdatiaZ Spirit, make me know 
That I thall eater in. 
Now, Saviour, now ibe pow'r bestow. 
And tMJAme/ronmyaln." 

These two centos are in C. V. in most 
English-speaking countries, and oro clis- 
tinguis&ed by the stanzas quoted above. In 
addition, st iv. and xvii. of the original are 
given in the American Church Poeiornts, 
Boston, 1864, ss " Come, O my Saviour, come 
away." [J. J.] 

Lord, I believe Thy work of grace. 
C. Wesley, rflbKness desired.] Appeared in 
Hys. efc Sac. Poems, 1742, in 22 st, of 4 I., and 
headed, "Tho Spiritandtho Bride say Oome" 
(P. Works, 1868-72, vol. ii. p. 363). In 1780 
J, Wesley gave a cento therefrom in 9 si in 
the Wis*, H. Bk., No. 393, as " O joyful sound 
of gospel grace." This has been repeated in 
several oolieotions. [J. J.] 

Lord, X confess my sins to Thee. C. 

Wesley. [Redemption desired.'} Pub, in Hys. 
and Sac. Poems, 1742, in 37 st. of 6 1,, divided 
into four partsi, as: — 

1. Lord, I confess my sins to Theo, 

a. Forgive me, O long-suffering God, 

S. Omniscient, Omnipotent King. 

4. Heboid, re eoule, that mourn for God. 

The hymn in the Wet. H.Bh., 1875, No. 12(1, 
*' Oomfort, ye ministers of grace," is composed 
of st, vi. and vii. of Pt. 4, [J. J.] 

Lord, I desire to live as one. Chariti* 
L.Bancroft, [HolintssdestTtd,'] InSpurgeon'a 



690 LOKD, I HAVE MADE 

0. O.H.Bh., 1866, this hymn isgivenin4 st. of 
41., and dated 1861. This text is also in other 
collections, lu her Within tlui Veil, 1867, Mrs. 
Bancroft gives it as the last hymn in the 
■volume, in 6 st of 4 1., with a note saying that 
the hymn was revised for that work. In this 
text the additional sts. nre v., vii. [W. T. B.] 
Lord, I have made Thy word my 
choice. I. Walts. [Ps. cxix. Ft. viii.} 1st 
pub. in his Psalms of Davitl, &c, 1710, p. 310, 
in 4 st. of 4 1., and headed, "The Woi-d of 
God is the Saint's Portion ; or, The Excellency 
and Variety of Scripture," Its use lias ex- 
tended to almost all English-speaking coun- 
tries, and it is found in a large number of 
hymn-books at home and abroad. [J. JJ 

Lord, I hear of Bhowers of blessing. 
Elizabeth Codner'. [Divine Blessing desired.'} 
Although wo have the MS. of this hymn in 
Mrs. Codner's handwriting, sent to D. Sedg- 
whk from Weston-super-Mare, June IS, 1866, 
wherein it is stated to have been " written in 
the summer of 1860 " [9. mss.], we have no 
personal facts concerning Mrs. Codner and 
her work excopt that she published one or 
two small hooks, as Tlie Missionary Ship ; Tlie 
Bible in the Kitchen, &cs. ; edited the periodi- 
cal. Woman's Work in ike Great Harvest-Field; 
and was associated for some years with the 
Mildniay Protestant Mission (London). "Lord, 
I hear of showers of blessing " was suggested 
by the news of the religious revival in Ireland, 
1860-G1. It is in 7 st. of 4 1., with the refrain 
"Even me," and is headed "Bless me, even 
mo also, O my Father," The original text is 
in Spurgeon's 0. O. H. Bk., 1866, No. 607. 
That in I. D. Sankey's Sae. Songs & Solos, 
Pt. i., which is usually regarded as the origi- 
nal, is altered in several instances, and st v, 
is omitted. The hymn in full, or in part, is 
in extensive use, and is specially popular at 
Mission Services. In 1867 Mrs. Codner wrote 
a companion hymn of Praise, " Lord, to Thee 
my he;irt ascending," in 8 st. of 4 ]., for the 
Eev. E. P. Hammond's Hys. specially a<lapted 
for Seasvns of Deep Religious interest, &o., 
1867. [J. J.] 

Lord, I magnify Thy power. C, Wes- 
ley. [For Daily Strength.} Given in his Jlys. 
for Use of Families, 1767, No. 53, in 4 st. of 
8 1. (P. Work*, 1868-72, vol. vii. p. 60). In 
the Wee. II. Bit., 1780, No. 327, st. iii. and iv. 
■were given as " Father, in the Name I pray," 
It has passed into other collections. G. J. 
Stevenson's annotations of this hymn in his 
Meth. H. Ek. Notes, 1883, p, 240, are of more 
than usual interest. [J, J.] 

Lord, if Thou Tliy grace impart. 
0. Wesley. [Ps. cxzxi.} 1st pub. in the en- 
larged cd. of the Wesley Ps. * Hys., 1743, in 
5 st. of 4 lines. It is one of C. Wesley's 
finest renderings of tho Psalms ; and although 
not admitted into the Wen. 71. Bit. until the 
revised ed. of 1875, it has been in extensive 
use in the Church of England and amongst 
Nonconformists fbT more than a hundred 
years. During that time numerous variations 
have crept into the text. Tho first to mutilate 
it was M. Madan, in his Pt, <£ Hys., 1700. 
From liia version Church of England and 
Nonconformist compilers have taken, their 



LORD JESUS, GOD AND MAN 

texts, and have added thereto, in nearly every 
instance, something of their own until no 
two collections are found to agree. These 
changes cannot be given in detail without re- 
printing the full text from almost every hymn- 
book iii which the hymn is found. The most 
peculiar cento of all is that in the S. P. C. K. 
Church Hymns, 1871, No. 418, in 4 st of 4 1, 
Of the 1C lines 5 only nre by C. Wesley : st i. 
11. 1, 2; st ii. 1. 1; st. iv. 11. 1,4; the rest 
being from Marfan, 1760 ; Bickersteth's (Jliris- 
tian Psalmody, 1833 ; Hall's Mitre H. Bk., 
1836; and several others. These pieces are 
so interlaced lhat no one except an expert in 
hymnology can unravel the complication. In 
Common Praise, 1879, the hymn is given with 
alterations and the omission of st ii. as "Lord, 
do Thou Thy grace impart." [J. J.] 

Lord, In the day Thou art about, 7. 
Mason. [Security in God.] This cento from 
Mason's Spiritual Songs ; or. Songs of Praise, 
4c, 1683, appeared in the Mory-le-bone Pt. 
t£ Jlys. (by J. II. Gurney and others), 1851, 
No. il8. It is thus composed: — 

St. i. from No. vl. "Song of Praise tor Protection," 
Bt. II., 11, 1-t. St. ii. from No. vii. "Song of Praise 
fcr Health," st. ii., 11. 1-i. St. HI. from No. ix. "Song 
of Fralae for Success," Bt. iv., H, 1-t. St. iv. from 
Jffo. vlii,, "Song of Praise for Family Prosperity," 
st. v.. 11. 5-8. 

These extracts ore well pieced together, 
the result being a simple and practical 
hymn. It passed from the Mary-le-bone Ps. & 
Hys. into LoTd Setborae's Boot of Praise, 
1862, and others. The originals of tho Songt 
are in. D, Sedgwick's reprint of the same, 
1859. [J. J.] 

Lord, in thiB Thy mercy's day. 1, 
Williams. [Lent — A Metrical Litany."} This 
hymn is taken from "Image the Twentieth," 
a poem on " The Day of Days ; or, tho Great 
Manifestation" in 105 st. of 3 I., which forms 
a part of his work, The Baptistery; or, The 
Way of Eternal Life, 1844. It was given with 
slight changes in tho Cooke 4 Denton Hymnal, 
1853, in 6 st It has been repeated in full or 
in part in numerous collections in Great 
Britain and America, and is a most suitable 
metrical Litany foT Lent. [J. JJ 

Lord, in Thy kingdom there shall 
be. J. Anstice. [Unity.} Privately printed 
in his posthumous Hymns, 1836, in 5 st. of 4 1. 
It is based on the Epistle for the 17th S. after 
Trinity^ Eph. iv. In 1841 it was included in 
The Child's Christian Year, from whence it 
passed into a few collections, including Ken- 
nedy, 1863, where it is expanded into 3 st. of 
8 1. by the addition of a doxology. [J. J.] 

Lord, in Thy Kame Thy servants 

plead. J. Keble. [Bogation Days,} Written 
at Malvern, Aug. 4, 1856, and 1st pub. in the 
Salisbury H. Bk., 1857, No, 105, in G st. of 
4 1., including a doxology. This was re- 
peated with slight changes in the Bev. F. 
Pott's Hymns, 4c, 18G1 ; the S. P. C. K. 
Churoh Hyt., 1871, and others, sometimes with 
the Salisbury H. Bit. doxology, changed to 
another, and at other times without any, as iit 
the Sarum Hyl, J868, and the author's (post- 
humous) Miseellfmems Poems, 1869, p. 114. 
Its use is extensive. [J. J.] 

lord Jeeus, God and Man. Sir H. W, 



LOUD JESUS, WITH WHAT 

Baiter. [For a School Feast] This hymn 
is dated 1852 in Biggs*s Annotated ed. of Hys. 
A. & iff., but its first publication is traced only 
to II. A. * .ST., 1861. It has a alight resem- 
blance to Pater's "O Jeau, God and Man," 
which was pnb, in his Jesus and Mary, in 1819. 
Sir H. W. Baker's hymn ia in extensive use in 
G. Britain and America. It is sometimes 
given as " Lord Jesu, God and Mao." [J. J.] 

Lord Jeans, with what sweetness 
and delights. H. Vaughan. [Ascension.] 
This poem of 62 lines on Asoension-day ap- 
peared In the second part of his Silex Scintil- 
tans; or Sac. Poena, 4o., 1655, and again in 
the Ear. H. F. Lvte's reprint, 1846 (1898 ed., 
p, 133). Upon the first four lines of the poem 
the Rev, T. Darling based his Ascension 
hymn, " Lord Jesus, taken from Thy servants' 
sight," and pub. the same in the 1856 ed. of 
his Hys. for the Church of Englaitd. It is con- 
tinued in later editions. [J. J.] 

Lord, look on all assembled here. 
J. Sari. [Public -Fast,] Pub. in his Hys. 
Composed on Various Subjects, Ac, 1759, No. 
96, in 8 st. of 4 1., and headed, " For a Public 
Fast" Two arrangements from the test are 
in the hymn-books. The first appeared in the 
1st ed. of Cotterill's Set., 1810, in 6 stanzas. 
This was reduced to 4 stanzas in Bicker- 
gteth's Christian Psalmody, 1833, and -was 
repeated in thia form in later collections of the 
Church of England. The second arrange- 
ment is in the Nonconformists' hymnals. It 
was given in the Leeds H. Bk., 1853, the 
N. Cong., 1859, Ac [J. J.] 

Lord, not unto me (The whole I dis- 
claim). C. Wesley. [Lent.] 1st pub. in the 
Hys. on God's Everlasting Love, 1741, No. 2, 
in 6 st. of 4 1. (F. Works, 1868-72, vol, iii. 
p. 6). In 1780 it was given in the Wes. H. 
Bit., with the omission of st. i., as " Thy faith- 
fulness, Lord, Each moment we find," and in 
this furin it has been repeated in several col- 
lections in G. Britain and America. [J. J.] 

Lord, now the time returns. J. 
Austin. [Evening.] Pnb. in his Devotions in 
the Antient Way of Offices, &o., 1668, p. 370, 
hymn 32, in 8 st of 4 1., including the doxo- 
logy: again in the editions by Dorrington, 
and Hiokes, and in the reprint by J. Masters, 
Lond., 1856. In ita full form it is not in 
C. IT. ; but, abridged as " Blest be Thy love, 
dear [good] Lord," it is given in a large number 
of hymnals in G. Britain and America. Some- 
timea it is found as *' Blessed be Thy love," 
Ac The original text of this abridged form 
is in Lord BelDome'B Boole of Prime, 1862. 

[J. J.] 

Lord of earth, Thy forming hand. 
Sir E. Grant. [God the Creator and Preserver.'] 
Appeared in H. V. Elliott's Ps. & Hys., &c., 
1835, in 3 st. of 12 1., and a^ain in Lord 
Glenelg's edition of Grant's Sacred Poems, 
1839, No. 3. It ia based on Pa. bttciit. 25. It 
is in 0. U. in G. Britain and America. [J. J,] 

Lord of heaven, and earth, and 
ocean. /. Crosse, [Holy Trinity.'] Written 
for the Second Yorkshire Musical Festival, 
held at York on the 13th-16th of Bept,, 1825, 



LOBD OF MERCY AND 



691 



and first sung on that occasion by the Fes- 
tival choir. On the 20th of Sept, it was 
printed in the Sheffield Iris newsrinper, of 
which James Montgomery was the editor, to- 
gether with on account of the Fesiival, and 
an estimate that £100,000 had been spent 
in one way and another in connection there- 
with ; and of this £20,000 were expended in 
the purchase of Festival tickets. Crosse's 
hymn was included in Bickersteth's Christian 
Psalmody, 1833, No. 338, and subsequently in 
a great number of hymn-books. Orig. text ia 
By. Comp. [J. J.] 

Lord of hosts, how lovely fair plow 
bright, how fair]. D. Turner. [Publia 
Worship.'] 1st pub. inltippon'a Bap. Sel., 1st 
ed., 1787, No. 342, in 4 st. of 4 L and entitled, 
" The Excellency of Public Worship." From 
Bippon's Sel. it has passed into several Non- 
conformist collections, sometimes in its original 
form, and also as, " Lord of hosts, how bright, 
how fair," as in the Bapt. Ps. & Hys., 1858 
and 1880. [J. J.] 

Lord, of hosts, to Thee we raise. 
J. Montgomery. [Laying the Foundation Stone, 
or The Opening of a Place of Worship,] The 
foundation stone of St. George's Church, Shef- 
field (of which the Rev. W. Mercer was sub- 
sequently Incumbent), was laid on the day of 
the coronation of George IV., July 19, 1821. 
On that day Montgomery published in bis Iris 
newspaper a leading article on Bonaparte, 
who died on the 5th of the previous May. 
Montgomery's original ms. of that article and 
"a set of the coronation medals, and other 
usual memorials," were placed in a glass jar 
under the foundation stone {Memoirs, iii. p. 
241). Tliis hymn was composed for the occa- 
sion ; was sung during the ceremony, and was 
S tinted ia the Iris of Tuesday, July 24, 1821. 
t was included in Montgomery's GhrisHnn 
Psalmist, 1825, No. 475, and in his Original 
Hymns, 1853, No. 301, and in both instances 
headed " On Opening a Place of Worsliip," 

[J. J.] 

Lord of life, prophetic Spirit. J- 
Kebte. [For Theological GoUeqes.] A " Hymn 
for Eastertide, written for tlieBook of Prayers 
at Cuddesdon College," 1856, p. 109, in 10 at. 
of 4 1., and repeated in the author's (posthu- 
mous) Miscellaneous Poems, 18C9, p. 287. In 
the Sarum Hyl. it is given in two ports, pt. 
ii. beginning "Now Thou speakest, hear we 
trembling"; and in other collections, as in 
the S. P. C. K. Church Hys., 1871, it is abbre- 
viated to 6 st., and sometimes less. It is 
suitable for Ember Days and Ordinations in 
addition to ita Theological College uae. 

[J. J.] 

Lord of mercy and of might. Bp. 
B. ITefcer. [Quinqnagesinxa.] Two forms of 
this hymn, and both by Heber, are found iu 
his Hymns, &c, 1827. The first form, iu 5 st. 
of 4 1., first appeared in the Christian Observer, 
Nov. 1811, p. 697, together with three addi- 
tional hymns by Heber, and is set forth for 
the " Sunday after Christmas/' In bis Hymns, 
Ac., 1827, it is given as No. i. for " Quin- 
quagesima,'* and leads, as iu the Christian 
Observer <■-« 



692 LORD OF MY HEABT 

" Lord of merey, and of might, 
Of mankind the life and llgbt. 
Maker, Teacher Infinite, 
Jeene, hear end save ! 
* ' Who, when sin's primaeval doom 
Gave creation to the tomb, 
Didst not ecom e Virgin's womb, 
Jeeus, hear and eavo ! 
" Strong Creator, Savloor mild, 
Humbled to & mortal child, 
Captive, beaten, bound, reviled, 
Jeans, bear and eave 1 
" Throned above celestial things, 
Borne aloft on angels' wings, 
Lord of Lords, and King of Kings, 
Jesus, bear and save ! 
41 Soon to come to earth again. 
Judge of angels and of men. 
Hear us now, and hear ne then ! 
Jesus, hear and save [ " 

The second form appeared in his Hymns, 
&c, 1827, p. 21, and appointed for the Sunday 
after Christmas, or Circumcision." It is also 
in 5, St., but differs from the first form in the 
following particulars, the 1827 reading being, 
St. II., 1. 1. Who, when ein'e tremendous doom. 
St. ill., 1. 1. Mighty Jfimoirft .' Saviour mild! 
St. v. Who shall ytt return /rom high, 
Booed in might «Rd majesty, 
Hear us ! help ur when aw cry J 
Jesus, hear and gave I 

The use of this hymn is extensive. The 
first form is found in Kennedy, 1863 ; lit/, 
Comp., 1876; Church Hymns, 1871; Thring, 
\%%2, and many others : the second in Alford's 
Year of Praise, 1867 ; the S. P. C. K. Fs. & 
Hyt. ; New Mitre Hymnal ; Snepp's Songs of 
G. & O., 1872, and others : mixed texts, 
People's H., 1867, and WindU; and, rewritten, 
in MorreU and Horn, 1861. It is also found 
in many collections in slightly varying forms 
not here specified, the texts of which mny be 
tested by the above readings. The original 
of 1811 lias been rendered into Latin by the 
Rev. C. B. Pearsotyas ''Clemens hominum 
Begnator," and pub. in his Latin Trs. of Eng- 
lish Hys., 1862, p. 82. [J. J.] 

Lord of my heart, by Thy last cry. 
J. Keble. [Good Friday.'] This is composed 
of the two closing stanzas of Keble'a poem 
for Good Friday, whioh was pub. in his Chris- 
tian Year, 1827. This extract was given in 
Elliott's Fs. <fc Hys., 1835, and lias been re- 
peated in modern collections. The text is 
slightly altered. [J. J.] 

Lord of my life, O may Thy praise. 

Anne Steele. [Morning.] Appeared in her 
Poem* on Subject) chiefly Devotional, 1760, 
vol. i. p. 20, in 6 st. of 4 1., headed, " A Morn- 
ing Hymn " ; and again in D. Sedgwick's re- 
print of her Hymns, 1863. In addition to its 
use in its original, and in an abbreviated form, 
it is also given in a few American collections, 
including the Presbyterian Ps. and Hys. for 
the Worship of God, Richmond, 1867, as, 
" God of my life, my morning song." [J. J J 

Lord of my [our] life, Whose tender 
care. [Evening?] This hymn appeared in 
the Church of England Magazine, February, 
1838, and was signed " n Chelsea." It was 
included in the 8. P. C. K. Hys. for Fullie 
Worship, 1852, No. 156; and since then it 
has passed into a large number of hymn-books 
in G. Britain and America, and sometimes as 
" Lord of our life," Ac, as in Kemtedy, 1863. 

[W. T. B.] 



LOBD OF THE OCEAN 

Lord of the Church, -we humbly 

pray. & Outer. [Whitsuntide.] 1st pub, in 
Hall's Mitre H. Bk., 1836, No, 219, m 3 St. of 
6 I., and again, with slight alterations, iu the 
author's Church and King, April, 1837,p. 112. 
It is an altered version by Osier of Charles 
Wesley's " Thou, Jeso, Thou my breast in- 
spire " (o^.v.), Wesley's original text, how- 
ever, is scarcely recognizable in the form given 
to it by Osier, save in the last six lines, whioh 
are almost entirely from Wesley. The Irish 
Church Hymned follows the text of the Mitre. 
Its use is extensive. [J. J.] 

Lord of the harvest, once again, J. 

Anstice. [Harvest.] 1st pub. in his (posthu- 
mous) Hymns, 1836, No. 34, in 4 st. of 6 1. 
In the Child's Christian Year, 1811, it was 
repeated without alteration ; and from that 
date it came into general use, bnt usually with 
slight alterations. It is one of the most popu- 
lar of Harvest hymns, and is in C. V. in all 
English -speaking countries. In the Anglican 
H. Bk., 1868, it begins, "OLord of harvest, 
once again." Orig. text in Lord Selborne's 
Book of Praise, 1862. [J. J.] 

Lord of the living harvest. J. S. B. 

Monsell. [Ordination, and Church Guilds.] 
This hymn appears in the hymn-books, first 
as a hymn for Ember Hay and Ordinations ; 
and second, for Church Guilds and Associations. 

1. It originally appeared In Dr. Honsell's Bys. of Love 
and Praise. 2nd erf., 1866, In 4 st. of 8 L, for Ember 
Uaye and Ordinations. This wae repented in bis Parish 
Hymnal, 18V3, and tbe People's ed. of bis Spiritual 
Songs, 187H, the last being the authorized text. From 
this text Tbrlog'e a>U„ 18B2, differs somewhat, and 
especially in st, 11L Jn JShikU the hymn Is a prayer 
for tbe Ordained, in Thring tbe prayeT la supposed to be 
ofTered by tbe Ordained themsolvea. For use at Ordina- 
tions Dr. Moneell'e authorized form la the better of the 

two. 

2. In the & F. C. K. CJatrcK /fVmm, 1ST l, tbe hymn 
Is given In an altered form for Church Guilds and Jtaso- 
clatlons. With two slight changes In the text, and the 
omission of st. 111., this was given In W. F. Stevenson's 
Hys. fur the Ch. and Bone, 1873, with a note In whteb 
he says that his text was "printed from manuscript In 
the form finally adopted by the author." 

The authorized text of this hymn therefore 
is (1) for Ordination — that in Dr. Monsell's 
Parish Hymnal, and (2) for Church Guilds and 
Associations, that in Dr. Stevenson's Hymns. 

[J. J.] 

Lord of the lofty and the low. T, 
W. B. Avettng. [For Bagged School Anni- 
versary.] " This [hymn] was written for a 
Ragged School anniversary, held in Kingdand 
Congregational Church, under the presidency 
of tbe Earl of Shaftesbury, iu the year 1856 or 
1857 " (Miller's Singers & Songs, 1869, p. 531> 
In 1859 it was included in the New Cong., and 
is also found in other collections. [J. J.] 

Lord of the ocean, hear our cry. 

Bp. E. H. Biekersteth. [For Use at Sea.1 
Written in 1869 and 1st pub. in his Hymnal 
Companion, 1870; No. 398, as a hymn to be 
used at sea, with the note in the Annotated 
edition, "This hymn, by the Editor, was 
written for this work. It is to be sung by those 
at sea ; the one which follows [' Eternal Father, 
strong to save '] is for those at sea," In the 
Hy. Comp., 1870, and the revised ed., 1876, 
Bp. Bickersteth's hymn begins, "Almighty 
Father, hear our cry." Ita original form ai 



LOBD OP THE SABBATfl 

"Lord of the ocean, hear our cry," is in 
Bp. Biokersteth's SEW Brothers, 1871, p. 219. 

[J. J.] 

Iiord at the Sabbath, hear ourvows, 
P. Doddridge. [Sunday, or DiVi'ns Wors&ip.] 
Tliis hymn, beginning " O God of Sabbath, 
hear our vows, 1 " is No. 30 in the d. Mas., 
is dated " Jan. 2, 1796-7," and headed " The 
Eternal Sabbath. From Hob. iv. 9." In 
Job Ortcm'B ed. of Doddridge's fjposthumous) 
Hymn*, 4c, 1755, No. 310, it was given as 
"Lord of the Sabbath," 4c, in 5 st of 4 1., and 
with the Bame title, and repeated in J. D. 
Humphreys's ed. of the same, 1839, No. 836. 
In Mr. Brooke's us., 1739-40, it reads « God 
of Sabbath," 4o. The 1755 text is in use in 
moat English-speaking countries, but the most 
popular form of the hymn is that beginning 
" Lord of the Sabbath, hear u» pray, parti- 
culars of which, and other arrangements of 
the hymn, we here append ; — 

t. Thine earthly Balbathj, Lard, we lnr*. This 
ognto, composed of it, lL-tv. and It,, was given as No. 
JS1 In Bippon's Bap. SU., 1T8J, and la found In full or 
In part in several modem hymnals. 

t. Lord of the Sabbath, hear na pray. This altered 
text appeared In CotteruVs Set., Sth ed, 181ft, No. 4 
(the original at to Orion baring teen In former editions}, 
and la by Ootterlll, or James Montgomery, or possibly 
the Joint work of the two. Of this text, In at. of 11., 
St. I., HI., Iv., vl. an altered from Doddridge, and at. 1L, 
v., arc new. Thla text was repeated in Montgomery's 
C«rit«oti ftalmfif, ISM ; and again, either In (to full 
or In an abridged form, in a large number of hymn-books 
in 0. Britain and America. 

I. Lord of holy Beat, we pray. This form of the 
hymn appeared In ft. C. Singleton's J-'nglwan If. Bk-, 
1S«8. It le from the Dodttoidet-OiUtrm text, with 
alterations, and a slight i*tnrn to the original. 

When these forma of the hymn are taken 
together, it is found that its use is very exten- 
sive in oil English-speaking countries, the 
Doddridge-Ootterill text being the most popu- 
lar. [See English Hymnady, Early, 8 xlv.f 

[J. J.] 

Lord of the sinless world above. W. 
/.Irons. lAdtdtBaptism,otOonkrmatioa.'] On 
the pussing of the Act for the Registration of 
Births there was a panic amongst the poor, and 
a great rash to the churches for Holy Baptism. 
In one day 400 children were baptised in Dr. 
Irene's church, St. Mary's, Newington, and 
23 adults on another. On other days there 
were also great gatherings of children and 
adults for the sacred rite. Under these cir- 
cumstances and amid these surroundings Dr. 
Irons wrote this hymn. It was pub. in 
Lowe's Hys. far tite Christian Seasons, Gains- 
burgh, 1854; in Dr. Irons's Appendix to the 
Brampton Metrical Psalter, 1861, his By*, far 
Use til Church. 1866 ; and in his Pa. and Hys. 
for the Church, 1873-7S, Ac It is in a few 
collections only, and its use is not equal to 
its merits. [J. J.] 

Lord of the wide extended [exten- 
sive] main. C. Wesley. [Far use at Sea.] 
1st pnb. In the Hys. and Sac. Poems, 1740, 
p. 81, in 10 st of t I, and headed " A Hymn 
to bo Sung at Sea" (P. Works, 1868-73, 
vol. L p. 229). In the 1830 Suppl. to the Fes, 
H. Bk. it was given in two pans as ■ — 

1. Lord of the wide, extensive main. No. 161. 

3. Infinite God, Thy greatness spanned. No. )B2. 

Both these parts have come into use in G. 
Britain and America as separate hyunu* 



LORD Otf THE WOBLDS 693 

Mr. G. J. Stevenson, in his Math. B. Bk. 
Notet, 1883, p. 591, says of this hymn :— 

" li was probably written In 1T34, provioneiyto the 
poet and hia brother John salting to America with 
General Oglethorpe and the Moravians. Thla seems to 
be plainly Indicated by the language of the second 
verse:— 

" For Thee we leave our native shore, 
In other climes Thy works explore." 

This view, however, is not that of Dr> 
Osborn, the editor of the Wesley Poetical 
Works, 1863-72. In vol. i. pp. 228-231, there 
are given the following hymns:—" Servant of 
God, the summons hear"; "Lord of die wide- 
extended main " ; and " Glory to Thee, Whose 
powerful word"; and to the first of these 
(" Servant of God," 4c) Dr. Osborn adds the 
following note : — 

" The animating strains of thla hymn and the two 
next are by no means In accordance with Charlea Wes- 
ley's spiritual condition and mood of mind in December, 
HOT, when Mr. Whttefield first left England for Ame- 
rica. They weremoreprobabryeompoeedin preparation 
for bis secondvoyage, winch began in August,l)39. Nor 
can we Imagine anything more suitable for the occasion ; 
while in the hymns "To be Sung at Sea "["Lord of the 
wide-extended main"] and "In a Storm" ["Glory to 
Thee, Whose powerful word"] the Christian and the 
poet appear to equal advantage. It may be doubted If 
the full assurance of faith was ever more finely ex- 
pressed, or st the same time more rationally vindicated, 
than In the second and the third of the three hymns 
which follow one another here." 

This suggestion by Dr. Osborn that the date 
is 1739 is made almost certain with regard to 
' ' Servant of God," 4c, and presumably of the 
other two, by the fact that " Servant of God," 
4c, is found in Divine Hymns for the Use of 
the Societies, by Bichard Wyan, 1739. This 
tract contains three hymns, two by Wyan (one 
addressed to Whiteneld) and " Servant of 
God, the summons hear," by C. Wesley. The 
Wesleys, by printing the three hymns, " Ser- 
vant of God," &c., " Lord of the wide," &c, and 
" Gloryto Thee, &c," as consecutive hymns 
in the Hug. & Sac. Poems, 1740, seem to nxtbe 
date of these hymns as 1739, when Whitefield 
went on his second voyage to America. 

The hymn " Servant of God, the summons 
hear," is rarely used, whilst " Glory to Thee, 
Whose powerful word," is given in several 
collections iu America, and as "All praise to 
Thee, Whose powerful word," in a few in G, 
Britain. [W. T. B.] 

Lord of tha worlds above. I. Wafts. 

[Ps. £u£tii>.] 1st pub. in his Ps. of David, 
Ac, 1719, in 7 st. of 8 1., as the third version 
of the 84th Psalm, tn addition to its use in 
its full form, there are also several arrange- 
ments of the text, the more important being : — 

t. That In the Wa. S. Bk., 1675, and many others 
derived from the same Bouree. Thla appealed in the 



Wesley Ft. £ -fly*., 1T3S ; the enlarged ed. of the r 
>«; and the Wei, B. Bk., ilsc. ft Is very popnl 
S. A cento composed of at. 1., ill., Iv,, and vlt. This 



wae given with alterations in Whitefield's Ot£l. r 1163; 
Madan's Pi. £ Hyt*, 11S0 ; Toplady'e Ft. <e in, If >B, 
and thus into the hymn-books of the Church of England. 
In some modem collectiona, aaSttrttm, 1SSS, and Turing's 
Oatt., lets, soma of these alterations are still retained. 
Usually, however, the text la correct. 

3. Other arrangements are given In many modem 
hymnals, the construction of which may he tested by 
reference to Watts'a /"salmi. It will be found that In 
most cases the original text la retained. 

As a paraphrase this ranks amongst the 
best by Watts. The metre is an imitation of 
that employed for the first time by John 
Pullain, in his Version of the 148th Psalm in 



694 LORD, SHALL THY CHILDREN 

the English Psalter, 1560. [See Old VmUm, 
It. «.] [J- J.] 

Lord, shall Thy children- come to 
Thee ? Bp. 8. Hinds. {Confirmation^ In 
Sonnets and other Short Poemt, chiefly on 
Sacred Subjects. By Samuel Kind*. D.D., 
Load., B. Fellowea, 1834, p. 65, is tlio fol- 
lowing : — 

" Confirmation Bymn. 
" Lard, shall Thy children come to Tiiee I 
A boon of love divine we seek : 
Brongbt to Tby amis in Infancy, 

Bre hearts could fee] or tongue could ■peak, 
Tby children pi*y for grace, that they 
May come tbemeeivee to Thee this day, 
" Lord, shall we come, and copie Bgain i 



Oft as we aee yon Table Bpresfl, 
Ltid, tokens of Thy dying pain. 
The wine pour'd ont, the broken bread ; 



Bleu, bless, Lord, Tby children's prayer, 
Tb&t they may oonie and find Thee mere. 
" Lord, shall we come, come yet again ? 

Thy children eek one blessing more — 
To came, (not now alone and then,) 

When life and death and time are o'er, 
Then, then to come, Lord, and be 
Confirmed In heaven, confirmed by Thee 1 " 

Whon this hymn was included in the Ps. & 
Hys. for the Use of Sttgby Selicol Chapel, 
eirca 1848 (1850 ed. No, 51), the following 
stanza by H. J. Buekoll, was added as at. iii., 
thus making a hymn of 4 at. : — 
" Lord, shall we come ? not thus alone 
At holy time, or solemn rite i 
But every hour till life be flown, 

Through weal or woe, In gloom or light, — 
Come to Thy throne of grace, that we 
In faith, hope, love, confirmed may bo." 

In addition to writing this stanza, Buekoll 
made n fcw alterations in, and repunctuated 
Bp. Hinds's text. Two forms of the hymn 
have thus come into use, tho first the original, 
and tho seoond the Hinds- Buekoll text. 
The latter is thai usually given in the Public 
Schools hymn-books, £J. J.] 

Lord, solemnize our trifling minds. 
Q. Burder. [Before Sermon.'] Appeared in 
his Coll. of Hymns, &o., 1784, No. 200, in 3 st 
of 4 ]. us one of a number of hymns fur nso 
" Before Sermon," and again in later eds. of the 
same work. In modern hymnals, as the New 
Cong., 1859, No. 786, it is altered to " Great 
God, impress our trifling minds." [J. J.] 

Iiord, speak to me, that I may speak. 
Frances M. Hanergal. [Lay Helpers.] Written, 
April 28, 1872, at Wintordyne, and first printed 
ne one of Pariane's musical leaflets in the 
same year. In 1874 it was pub. ia her Under 
the Surface, and in 1879 in Life Mosaic. In 
the original MS. it is headed " A Worker's 
Prayer. ' None of us liveth to himself.' Bom. 
siv. 7." This hymn lias become very popular, 
and is highly esteemed by thoso engaged in 
Christian work. [J. J.] 

Lord, teach a little child to pray. 
Thy grace betimes, &c J. Ityland. [A 
Child's Pru^er.] This simple prayer for a 
child's use is the most popular und widely 
used of Dr. Bylond's hymns. From his Me- 
moirs of Andrea Fuller, 1831, pp. 442 and 
453, we find that this hymn, and another, 
beginning " God is very good to me," wore 
written by him at the request of Mra. Fuller 
for the use of her child Sarah, who died May 



LORD, THOU DIDST ABISE 

80, 1786, aged 6 years and 6 months. In some 
of tho numerous collections in which it is 
found it is erroneously attributed to "Jane 
Taylor." The Taylor hymn opens with the 
same line, but the second is " And then 
accept my prayer." [J. J.] 

Lord, teach us how to pray aright, 

J. Montgomery. [Prayer.'] Written in 1818, 
and first printed on a broadsheet with Mont- 
gomery's " Prayer is the soul's sincere desire ; " 
" What shall we ask of God in prayer ? " and 
" Thou, God, art a consuming fire ; for use in 
the Nonconformist Sunday Schools in Shef- 
field. In Cotterill's Set., 8th ed„ 1819, No. 
280, it was repeated in full in 4 st. of 8 1., 
and headed, " The preparations of the heart 
in man." During the same year it was given, 
with alterations and tho omission of st. ii., in 
E. Bickersteth's Treatise on Prayer. In 
Montgomery's Christian Psalmist, 1825, No, 
482, the text in Biokersteth was repeated, 
with the restoration of st. ii., and divided into 
8 st of 4 1. The test in his Original Hymns, 
1858, No. 65, is that of the Christ.Psal., 1825, 
with the change of st. iv., 11. 1, 2, from ; — 
" God of all Grace, we come to Thee 
With broken, contrite hearts " ; 

to:— 

" God of all grace, vt brtrio to Thee 
A broken, contrite heart. 

This change is set down in tho margin of 
Montgomery's private copy of the Christ. 
Psal. in his own handwriting. This hymn, in 
full or abridged, is in numerous collections. 
The variations of text which are found have 
arisen in a great measure from some editors 
copying from Cotterill's- 5ei. of 1810, and 
others from the Christian Psalmist of 1825. 
The first is the original, and the second (with 
tho above correction in Orig. Hys. 1858) is 
tlio authorized text. In some American Uni- 
tarian collections, including A Book of Hys., 
1848 ; and the H. [and Tune] Bk. for the Ch. 
and the Home, &e., 1868, a hymn beginning, 
" God of oil grace, wo conic to Thee," is given 
from this, and opens with st, iv. [J. J.] 

Lord, that I may learn of Thee. G. 
Wesley. [Humility desired.] Pub. in his 
Short Hymns, &c., 1762, vol. i., No. 1005, in 4 
st. of 4 1. (P. Works, 1868-72, vol. ix. p. 892) 
Oh its introduction into tlio Wes. H. Bk., 1780, 
No. 203, st. ii., 1. 1, was changed from " Let 
me cast myself asido" to "Let mo cast my 
reeds aside." This readiug is repeated in tho 
revised cd. of 1875, and other nyinn-books. 
A cento partly from this hymn and partly by 
J. Borridge appeared in Benidges Sion's 
Songs, 1785, in 6 St, of 4 1., as "Jesus, cast a 
look on me." Of this text st i , iii. and iv. are 
altored from Wesley's hymn as above, and st. 
ii., v. and vi. are by Berridge. This cento is 
given without alteration in Lord Stlbome's 
Book of Praise, 1862, and in whole or in pnit 
in numerous collections throughout English- 
speaking countries. [J. J.] 

Lord, Thou didst arise and say. H. 
H. Milman. [Christ Stilling the Tempest.'] 1st 
pub. in Bp. Hebcr's posthumous Hymns, *o., 
1827, p. 36, in 2 st. of 8 I., and appointed for 
tho 4th S. after tho Epiphany, being based on 
the Gospel for that day. It was repeattd in 
Milman s Fs. * Hys., 1887, and subsequently 



LORD, THOU HAST BEEN 

in many hymn-books in G. Britain and 
America. [J. J.] 

Lord, Thou hast been Thy people's 
rest. J. Montgomery. [Ps, xeJ] Appeared 
in his Song* of Zion, 1822, in 7 st. of 7 1. In 
bis Original Hymns, 1853, si i., iv., v. and vi. 
are given as hymn No. xlvi. In Dr. Kennedy's 
PtaUer, I860, a cento was given as the vcibiod 
of Pa. ic, and is thua composed : — 

Bt. i., ii.. Mid v„ J, Jftm&oniiTy, 

St. iii., iv., and vl., Dr. Atftntify. 

Dr. Kennedy's Hymno. Christ., No. 9, in two 
patta is this same text repeated with* the addi- 
tion of a doxology to Ft. i. In the Preface 
to this collection, the portion of this rendering 
of Pt, see. takenfiomMoiitgomeiyisattributed 
to the Her. A. T. Kussell in error. [J. J.] 

Lord, Thou hast won, at length I 
yield. J. Newton. {Surrender to Christ.] 
Appeared in the Gospel Magazine, Jan., 1775, 
in 7 st of 6 I., headed. " The Surrender," and 
signe4 " Vigil." After a alight revision it was 
given in the Olney Hymn*, 177B, Bk. i,, No. 
121, in 7 st. of 6 L, with the extended heading 
" The Bebel's Surrender to Grace. Lord, what 
wilt Thou have mo to do?" It is based on 
the words of St. Paul uttered on his way to 
Damascus, and recorded in Acts ix. 6. Al- 
though there is nothing in the Memoirt of 
Newton (so far as we can see) to j ustify us in 
saying that this hymn is autobiographical, yet 
its intense individuality suggests that it is so, 
and that he found in the fierceness of Saul 
the persecutor, and the submissive peaceful- 
noss of Saul the disciple, the embodiment of 
his own history and experience. Thus re- 
garded the hymn is interesting, but for prac- 
tical purposes it is far from being one of New- 
ton's best productions. It is found in a few 
collections, but in an abbreviated form. [J. J.] 

Lord, Thou in all things like wert 
[wast] made. J. Anttice. [Pawiontide.] 1st 
pub. in his (posthumous) Hymns, 1836, No. 21, 
in 6 st. of 4 1., and again in the Child's Cltris- 
tian Year, 1841. From the Child'* C. Year it 
passed as, " In oil tilings like Thy brethren, 
Thou," into the Leeds H. Bk., 1853, No. 295, 
This form of the hymn lias become popular, 
and especially with the Nonconformists. It is 
sometimes attributed to J. Keblc. [J. J.] 

Lord, Thy children guide and keep. 
Bp. W. W. How. IThe Narrow Way.) 1st 
pub. in Morrell & How's Pt. & Hys., 1854, in 
5 st, of 6 L, and based on the words " Narrow 
is the way that leadetb unto life." It has be- 
come very popular with hymnal compilers, 
and, in full or in an abridged form, it is found 
in numerous collections m G. Britain and 
America. Orig. text in the S. P. C. K. Church 
Hys., 1871. [J. J.] 

Lord, Thy glory fills the heaven. Bp. 
S. Manl. [Holy Trinity.] This hymn, ex- 
tending from 1 st. of 8 1. in the dooke and 
Duntou Hymnal, 1853, to 8 st. of 8 1. in Laudet 
Domini, N. Y., 1881, is from Dp. Muni's 
11 Bright the vision tbat delighted" (see p. 
lss, i.). It is in oxtensive use, especially in 
America. [J. J.] 

Lord, Thy word abideth. Sir II. W. 
iiaher, [Holy Scripture.} Written for ami 



LOUD, WE HAVE WANDERED 695 

1st pub. in H. A. cl M., 1861. It has attained 
a great circulation, and is in C. U. in all 
English-speaking countries. It has also been 
translated into several languages. There is a 
tr. in German by Miss Winkwortli, in Biggs's 
Annotated H.A.&M., 18G7, beginn ing " Herr, 
Dein Wort muss bleiben." [J. J.] 

Lord, to me Thy minsters are. [The 
Souse of God.'] This cento, which was given 
in W. 3. Blow's Church Hy.& Twne Bk., 1852- 
55, is composed thus: st. i., ii. ere from the 
late Archdeacon Churtou's tr. from the Anglo- 
Saxon pub. in his Poetics, and the remain- 
ing stanzas, iii.-v, are original by Mr. Blew. 
The cento has passed into several collections, 
including Kennedy, 186*3 ; Bice's Set. from 
Blew, 1870, and others. [J. J.] 

Lord, we adore Thy wondrous 

Name. P. Doddridge. [Divine Competition.'] 
Written Oct. 23, 173S(d. mss. No. v.), and pub. 
in Job Orton's od. of Doddridge's (posthumous) 
Hymns, &c., 1755, No. 55, in 6 st. of i 1., and 
again iu J. D. Humphreys's ed. of the same, 
1839, No. 68. The original heading is " The 
frailties of human nature, and God's gracious 
regard to it. Ps. ciii. 14." In modern hymn- 
books it is usually abbreviated, [J. J.] 

Lord, we are blind, we mortals 
blind. I. Watts. [God Invisible.") Pub. in 
his Hys. & Spiritual 8., 1707, Bk. ii.,No. 28, 
in 4 st of 4 1., and headed " God Invisible." 
In the American Plymouth Coll., 1855, it be- 
gins with st. ii., " Infinite leagues beyond the 
sty." [J. J.] 

Lord, we come before The© now. 
W. Hammond. [Public Worslsip.] 1st pub, 
in his Ps. & Hys., 1745, p. 32, in 8 st. of 8 L 
In 1760 M. Madan reduced it to 6 st. of 4 ]., 
and- as such it was given in his Ps. & Hys. 
of that year, No. 121. From this arrangement 
of the hymn most modern editors have taken 
their tex t. Orig. in Lyra Brrt.,1867. [J.J.] 

Lord, we confess our numerous 
faults. I. Watts. [Salvation by Grace.] 
1st pub. iu his Hys. & S. Songs, 2nd od., 1709, 
Bk. i., No. Ill, in 6 st. of 4 1., and headed 
" Salvation by Grace." It is in C. U. in its 
full form, and also abbreviated and altered 
as: — 

1. 'Tianot byworkaef righteousness. ThlsarranEe- 
meut begins with st. ill. Its use Is limited. 

9. How wietcbed was our former state. Itijthe Draft 
of tho Scottisb Translation! and Paraphrases, 1746, 
VVstts's hymn was given with alterations as No. 18, but 
in the authorized public worsldp Issue of the Trt. and 
Paraphs,, In Lfdl.lt gave place to " How wretched was 
out former state," which was thus composed: — st. L 
new j ii. Watts; ill, now ; Iv. Wattt and 1745; v. from 
1745 ; vl. Watti and IHo ; vii. from 1748. Tbls recast 
lias been in iise in Scotland and elsewhere far more than 
one hundred years. It Is sometimes attributed to VT. 
Cameron (a. v.), but is not assigned to biminthe mark- 
ings, by Cameron's eldest daughter, of the Trt. and 
Parapht. Ite authorship is therefore doubtful. 

3. 'Ti* from &« mercy of our God. Thie ia a re- 
written form of the Scottish Trs. and Pamphe. text, by 
Miss Jane £. Lccson, and was pub. iu her Paraphs, ana 
JIgmn*. 1853. [J. J.] 

Lord, we have wandered from Thy 
■way. P. Doddridge. [Tlte Loft Shtvp.) 
This hymn iu the n, xtss., No. 62, is undated, 
but immediately precedes one written on April 
10, 1735, and may he dated oi'i-ea 1735. It 
was included in Job Orton's ed. of Doddridge's 



696 LOBD, WB SEC AND OBY TO 

(posthumous) Hymns, &c, 1755, No. 65, in 3 st 
of 3 1., and again in J. D. Humphreys's ed. 
of the same, 1839, No. 78. In each case the 
original title, "The wandering Sheep re- 
covered. Pfl. cxix. 176," ia retained. [J. J.] 

Lord, we Bit and cry to Thee. H. 3. 

MUman. [Quinquagetima. Blind Man at 
Jerieho.] 1st pub. Hi Bp. Heber*9 (posthu- 
mous) Hymn*, Ac., 1827, p. 49, in 2 at of 6 1., 
end again in his Ps. & Hys., 1837. It is baaed 
on the Gospel for Quinouagesima. Iu Hall 
and Laaar's American Evangelical Hyl.,TH.Y., 
1880, it is altered to " Lord, we raise our cry 
to Thee." [J. J.] 

Lord, what a, feeble piece. I. Watts. 
[Pt. (to,] His a. m. version of Pa xc, which 
appeared m his Psalms of David, 1719, in 5 at. 
of 4 1 , and headed " Tlie Frailty and Short- 
ness of Life." In Martineau's Hymns, &&, 
1840 and 1873, it is given as " Lord, what a 
fleeting breath " ; and in the Leeds H. BL, 1 853, 
aa " Lord, make ua know how frail." [J. J.j 

Lord, what a wretched land is this. 
I. Watts. [Pilgrimage of the Saints.] Ap- 
peared in his Mys. & 8. Song*, 1707. Bk. it., 
No. 58, in 12 at of 4 ]., and entitled " The 
Pilgrimage of the Sainta : or. Earth and 
Heaven. 1 ^ In Spurgeon's 0. O. H. Bk., 1866, 
at viii.-xii. were given as "Oar journey is 
a thorny maze." This arrangement, together 
with abbreviations beginning with the firat 
stanza, is in several collections. [J. J.] 

Lord, 'what is man P extremes how 
Wide. J. Newton. [Man by Nature, Grace, 
and Glory.] Appeared in the Cflney Hymns, 
1779, Bk. iii., No. 88, in 6 at of 4 1., and 
headed, " Han by Nature, Grace, and Glory." 
It is the last of the longer hymns given in the 
Oiney if., and would appear to have been de- 
signedly placed there aa a Utting close to 
the work, a few "short hymna," and four 
doxologies only, following. The closing stanza 
is exceedingly appropriate : — 

" Nearest the throne, and flret in song, 

Man Ahall his halleliijahs raise ; 
While WQDd'rlag angels round bini thrahtf, 

And swell ilis chorus of his praise." 

Although lacking the general interest and 
popularity of Newton's hymna, it is given in 
several collections. [J. J,] 

Lord, 'when Thou didst Thyself un- 
dress. H. Vaughan. [Passiontide.l Pub. in 
his Silex Seintillans ; or, Sao. Poems, So., Pt i., 
1650, and again in the reprint by the Bev. H. 
F. Lyte, 1846 (1858 ed., p. 48), in 5 st. of 4 1., 
and entitled " The Incarnation and Passion." 
In ita complete form it is not found in mo- 
dern hymnals, but at iv. and v., as " Ah, my 
dear Lord, what oould'at Thou spy," are given 
m Thring/a CoU., 1882. [J. J.] 

Lord, when we bend before Thy 
throne. J. D. Carlyle. [LentA This hymn 
appeared in A Coll. of Pt. and Sua. by Vari- 
ous Authors, Chiefly designed for Public Wot- 
ship, Carlisle, 1802. The editor waa the Bev. 
John Faweett, Vicar of St. Cuthbert's, Car- 
lisle, "an intimate personal friend of Pro- 
fessor Carlyle ; and this hymn was written by 
the author for use before Divine Service in 
Bt. Cuthbert's Church, where he regularly 
attended when in residence as Chancellor of 



LOBD, WHO ONCE FfiOM 

Carlisle. It ia the first hymn in the collec- 
tion, and ia headed 'Introductory to Public 
Worship.' " (S. P. C. K. Church Has., Anno- 
tated ed., 1881.) In 1805, it was republished in 
Carlyle's Poems Suggested chiefly by Scenes in 
Asia Minor. Therein it ia entitled "A Hymn 
before Public Worship." It ia in 6 st. of 4 1. 
It is usually given in 4 at by the omission of 
si iii., iv. To the fourth stanza sometimes a 
doxology la added, aa in the Hymnary, 1872, 
a practice as old as Murray's Hymnal of 1852, 
if not older. It is well to note that tho office 
of each of the three Cliristian graces, Faith, 
Hope, and Charity, in Public Worship U set 
forth in the original text : and that by the 
omission of si iii., iv. that of Charity is 
ignored tn the modern form of the hymn. 
Its use during the last eighty years, either in 
its full or in an abbreviated form, has been moat 
extensive in all English-speaking ooontriea, 
Orig. test Lyra Brit., 1867, p. 126. It has 
also been translated into several languages. 
The H. A. A M. text without the doxology 
has been rendered into Latin, as : " Qiium sup- 
plieamus ad thronum Tuum, Dens/' by the 
Bev. B. Bingham, in his Hymnol. Christ. La- 
Una, 1871. In Kennedy, 1863, an altered 
version in 3 at of 8 1. is given as, "Lord, 
when before Thy righteous throne," but its 
use is oonfined to that work. fj. J.] 

Lord, when we creation scan. J. D. 

GarUjle. [Thursday,] Appeared in a Coll. of 
Ps. & Hys., &o. Edited by J. Faweett, of 
Carlisle, in 1802. It was appointed for tho 
" Fifth Day, Firat Morning," and is in 6 st. of 
4 1. Iu 1803 it passed into A Set o/Spi.and 
Anthems, 4c, for Elmdon Church, Birming- 
ham, No. 17; in 1807 into The Theological 
and Biblical Magazine; and subsequently into 
various hymn-books in G. Britain and America. 
Although a good hymn it is the least known 
of Carlyle's productions. [J. J.] 

Lord, 'when we search the human 
heart J. Montgomery. [The World in the 
Heart.] This hymn was written on the blank 
page of a juvenile missionary address pre- 
pared by Mr. George Cookman, of Hall. 
Montgomery mentions his having written it 
in a letter to Mr, Cookman's father, dated 
" Sheffield, June 24, 1819 " (Montgomery's Me- 
moirs, iii, p. 169). The hymn was included 
in Cotterill's Set., 8th ed„ 1819, No. 338, iu 
7 st of 4 1. hi Montgomery's Christian 
Psalmist, 1825, No. 549, it was repeated with 
slight variations, and the addition of a new 
stanza (viii,). This text with st. vii. 1. 2, 
" Thy name and knowledge," changed to 
" Thy name, Thy knowledge," is in his Ori- 
ginal Hymns, 1853, No. 170. [J. J.] 

Lord, Who once from heaven de- 
scending. J, Latham. [Ths Good Shep- 
herd.'] 1st printed in hia Poems, Original and 
Translated, Sandbaoh, 1836, in 5 st. of 6 1., 
as the fourth of four hymns for the children 
of the Sandbaoh Sunday Sohool. Iu 1841, it 
waa reprinted in his cousin's and namesake's 
Hyt. Selected for Use of the Parish of Sand- 
bach ,- and again iu English and Latin Poems, 
dated July, 1827, and privately printed in 1853. 
The form of the hymn known to modern hym- 
nals was given it in the 1850 ed. of the Has. 
for the Rugby School Chapel, when st, ii., hi. 



LORD t WHOSE LOVfi 

mn omitted. This foim of the text is in 
Kennedy, 1863. and several other collections. 

[W. T. B.] 

IiordI Whose love In [and] power 
excelling. Bp. B. Usher, rj^rfphanjf.] Ap- 
peared in his posthumous Hymn*, &c* 1S27> 
L 39, in 4 st of 4 1. It is based on a part of 
) Gospel for the 3rd S. after the Epiphany 
(the healing of the Leper)! It is in O. U. in 
Great Britain and America, and usually with- 
out alteration. [J. J.] 

Lord's Prayer in Terse, The, Metrics] 
paraphrases of the Lortft Prayer in English 
date from an early period, and are of varying 
length and merit. Several are annotated 
under their respective first lines, and may be 
found through the Index of Beaton* and Sub- 
ject*. Of those that remain we shall group in 
this article : — 

1. In Chorion's Early English Church, 1840, 
two examples are given, which date from the 
12th and 13th centuries. These are ; — (1) The 
Lord's Prayer, "in metre sent by Nicholas 
Breakspeare ("Pope Adrian IV.] into England in 
the time of Henry II., a.d. 1160." " 
" Ure Fadyr la he«ven-ricb 
Thy name be hallyed everllch 



It reads i— 



Thou bring n» Thy michel bllese. 
Ala hit In heaven y-doe, 
Erarin yeerth besae It also. 
That holy bread that lasteth ay, 
Thou send ft ons this like day 
Forgive one alt that we aavedOD. 
As we forgtvet neb other men. * 
Ne let one tall Into no founding 
Ae shield ous fro the fowls thing." 

(2) The second is of Henry IH.'s time, about 
i.D. 1250, and reads: — 

" Fadir or, that es In hevene 

Halud be Thy name to neven. 

Than do us Thy rich rlke 

Thy will oa era be wrought alike 

As It is wrought la heven ay t 

Ur t Ik-day brede give ne tiwlay ; 

Forgive Thou all us dettes urs, 

As we forgive till nr dettorB ; 

And ledde as In na fending 

Bat sbuld as fra tvel thing." 
2. In Oamden'a Remain* (J. B. Smith's re' 
print, 1870), in the chapter on "Languages," 
there is the first of the above, and another 
which Camden dates as of the period of 
Henry III. This reads: — 

" Fader that art In heaven bliss 

Thin helge nam It worth the bliss 

Cameo and met thy kingdom, 

Thin boly will be all den. 

In heaven and in eidh also, 

So it shall bin full well le tro. 

Gif as all bread on this day 

And forgtf na ure sins 

As we do ure wider wine; 

Let us not tn fonding fall 

Oae tn evil thu sytd us all. 

8. The metrical versions of 
Prayer which appeared in the 
were: — 

(1) In the Anglo-Genevan Psalter, 1561 [Old 
Tsrslem £ iil] (St. Paul's Cathedral Library, 
London), there were two version* by W. Whit- 
tiogham, vis. t — 

(a) " Oar gnidoas Father, which en hie 

Due dwelt, and hast all power and might." 
(t>) " Oar Father and moat gracioUB Lord, 
Most rich Inmerey grace and loule," 
There is also a version by R. Cox, viz. : — 
" Our Father, wnitih In beeaen art, 
And tnakat vs el one brotherhood." 

(2) In the English Edition of the PtalUr [Old 



The Lord 1 * 
Old Version 



LOAD'S PBAtEB IK VEBSE 697 

Terstan, § IV., v,l 1560, the version of B. Cox 
is also found ; and, again, ia the ed. of 1560-1. 
In the Complete Psalter far use in the Church 
of England [Old "Version, § vil], the 1562 ed. 
contained the version, already noted, by R. Col, 
and an anonymous rendering which begins :— 
11 Ovr father which In heauen art. 
Lord, hallowed be thy name." 

4. Between the 0. V. and the N. V. several 
versions appeared, including : — 

(1) Henry Lok, in bis Eodesiastes, otherwise 
the Preacher, itc, 1597 [Paaltera, Veraiana] : — 

" Our Father which In beanen art, 
Lords ! hallowed be tby name." 
This is given in full in Farr's 8*1. Poetry, 1845. 

(2) Robert Holland in bis work, The hoiie 
Bittorie of our Lord and Stmour Jesus Christ'* 
natiuttie, life, aots, &c, 1594 : — 

" Pray thus, when ye do pray, therefore j— 
Oar Father, which In heauen art." 

This is given in fall in Farr as above, p. 477, 

3. The Supplement to the NeteVersion (TaU 
A Brady [Vew Vereiu, § ii.]), 2nd ed, 1702, 
contains two versions : — 

(1) " Our Father, who in Heaven art, 

tliy name be hallow'd la each heart ; " 
(3) " Oar Father, who In Heaven art 
all hallow'd be thy name." 

These versions were retained in the 
" Hymns " printed at the end of the Nea 
Version, until the modem hymn-book caused 
the reprinting of the New Version to cease. 

ft. During the eighteenth century several 
paraphrases, some in full and others of por- 
tions of The Lord'* Prayer, were published. 
Of these we note : — 

(1) A. Pops'* Universal Prayer, 1738:— 
'■Father of all 1 in every age," published in 
that year in his Works, and, separately, in folio, 

(2) Charles Wesley's " Father of all, Whose 
powerful voice," 1742 (p. SSS, ii.), 

(3) " Father of all, we bow to Thee " (p. MB, 
ii,), In the Scottish Translations and Para' 
phrases (Draft, 1745; authorized, 1781). As 
altered in OtkterSFs Set., 1819, it occurs as, 
« Father of all, to Thee we bow." 

(4) Jam* Merrick's " Father of all, Whose 
seat of rest," in his Poems on Sacred Subjects, 
Oxford, 1763. 

(5) J. Straphan's " Our Father, whose eternal 
sway," in Kippor.'s Bap. Sel., 1787. 

7. The nineteenth century has produced 
several versions of The Lord's Prayer, many 
of which have come into C. U., and may bo 
found in this Dictionary through the Index 
ef Seasons and Subjects (q.v.). In addition we 
find tha following : — 

(1) J. Montgomery. Two versions,— " Our 
heavenly Father, hear our prayer " (q.v.) ; and 
"Our heavenly Father 1 hear,' in his Christian 
Psalmist, 1825. 

(2) A. Judson. " Our Father God, Who art 
in heaven." p. SOS, i, 

(3) B. Barton. " Father of all, Who dwell'st 
above," in his Devotional Verse, 1826. 

(4) J. Conder. In bis Choir and Oratory, 
1837, the whole Prayer is paraphrased in the 
following hymns :— 

1. Holy, holy, boly, Lord. In highest, kc. (p. 1(1,1.) 

a. Thee, my Ood, In ceaseless lays. 

s. Tboo from whom all beiiut sprang. 

*, Day by day (he manna fell. (p,fltri>) 



698 



LOUD HALLELUJAHS 



t. Father, to Thy sinful child, (p, SW, ii.) 
g. Heavenly Father, to whose eye. (p. 603, i.) 
J. Father of spirits, God of heaven. 

Some of these appeared in former works hy 
Cornier, and are noted in detail at the pages 
indicated ahove. 

(5) I. Williams. In his Cathedral, 1838, 
"The Korth Aisle" is devoted to The Lord's 
Prayer. The use of the Prayer in the various 
Offices of the Church is made the groundwork 
of the following paraphrases : — 

*1. H. Baptism. "Out Father, freed from error's 
chain*" 

2, DaUg Service. "Our Father, who dost dwell 
above." 

3, LUang. "Like as a Father Hie own children 
kives." 

4, Ant€-Om. "Out of a world of grlefand wron&" 
a. P&it-Gm. "QurFatlier.knit in Thy dearSon?' 
B. H. Matrimony. " Thou of whom all ftunlliee." 
t. Suriai. "O Father of the fatherless, to Thee." 

(6) Anon. "Our Father God, Who art in 
heaven. To Thee," &c In Curwen's My Own 
H. Bk., 1848, and the Metli. S. S. H. Bk., 1879. 

(7) Q. Moultrie. " Father of all, to Thee we 
pray," in his Hyt. and Lyrics, 1867. 

(8) W. B. Worthington. In Lyra Precatoria. 
Six Hymns on the Petitions in the Lord's Prayer, 
&c. By the Eev. W. R. Worthington, M.A.. ; 
Lond., Masters & Co., 1874. 

8. To these notes must be added those which 
are scattered throughout this Dictionary, and 
can be found through the Index of Beaieni and 
Subject!, The result although not exhaustive, 
will yet present a fairly good resume of the 
English metrical versions of The Lord's 
Prayer. (See Various.) [J. J.] 

Loud hallelujahs to the Lord. I. 
Watts. [Pa. czlviii.] This psalm version ap- 
peared with some 13 or 14 others in the 1st 
©d. of liifl Hys. & S. Songs, 1707, and was 
transferred in 1719 to his Psalms of David, &c., 
p. 392, as his l. m. paraphrase of Ps. 118, in 
12 st. of 41. It is headed " Universal Praise 
to God." It Is usually given in modem 
hymnals in an abbreviated form. [J. J.] 

Loud to the Prince of heaven. P. 

Doddridge. [Christ Triumphant.] 1st pub. in 
J. Orion's ed. of Doddridge's (posthumous) 
Hymns, &a., 1755, No. 41, in 5 at. of 8 1., and 
headed " The Triumph of Christ in the cause 
of Truth, Meekness, nnd Bighteousness." It 
was also repeated in J. D. Humphreys's ed. of 
the same, 1839, No. 52. In its original form 
It is found in a few collections, but its most 
popular form, and that which is in extensive 
use in Q. Britaiu and America, begins with st. 
ii., " Gird on Thy conquering sword." [J. J.] 

Loud 'was the wind and 'wild the 
tide. if. F. Lyte. tphrist walking on the 
Sea.'] Pub, in his Poems chiefly Religious, 
1833, p. 135, in 2 st. of 8 1., and headed " It 
is I, be not afraid." In 1853 it was given 
ill the Leeds H. Bk., No. 232, and subse- 
quently repeated in other collections, as " Who 
walks the waves in wondrous guise ? " This 
form of the text is in 5 st. of 4 1., the addi- 
tional stanza heing by another hand. [J. J.] 

Louisa Henrietta. [Luias Henrietta.] 

Love Divine, all loves excelling, 
C. Wesley. [The Love of Ch rist.] 1 Bt pub. iu 
.Hys. for those that Seek, and tftose thai Have 
Redemption, 1717, No. 9, in 4 st. of 8 I. (P. 



LOWELL, JAMES B. 

Works, 1868-72, vol, iv. p. 219). In 1780 it 
was included, with the omission of st. ii., in 
the Wee. H. Bk., No. 374, and in this form it 
has passed into a large number of hymn-books 
in all English -speaking countries. It had 
previously appeared in full in M. flladan's 
Ps. & Hys., 1760 ; A. M. Toplady's Ps. * Hys., 
1776, and other hymn-books of the Church of 
England. The two forms, the' full find the 
abridged, have thus come into C. U. Tested 
by its use it is found to rank with the beet 
of its author's work. Mr. G. J. Stevenson 
has an interesting note thereon in his Meth. 
H. Bk. Notes, 1883, p. 266. [J. J.] 

Love is the theme of Saints above. 

J. Montgomery. [Love.] Written for the 
Sunday School Jubilee, Sept. 14, 1831, nnd 
printed for use on tliat occasion. In 1853 it 
was included in his Original Hymns, No. 341, 
in 6 st. of 4 1. It is found in the Meth. S. S. 
If. Bk., 1879, and others. [J. J.] 

Love, strong as death, nay stronger. 
H. Bonar. [Holy Communion.] Appeared 
in late editions of the Bible H. Bk. (1st ed. 
1845), No. 215, in 1 st. of 15 1., and again in 
the 1st Series of his Hys. of Faith and Hope, 
1857. laKennedy, 1863,itiaaltered to "Love 
faltering not nor failing." [J. J.] 

Loving Shepherd of Thy sheep. Jane 
E, Leeson. [The Good Shepherd.] Pub. iu 
her Hys. and Scenes of Childhood, 1842, No. 
17, in 3 st. of 8 1., and headed with the text 
" My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, 
and they follow Me," &o. In its original form 
it is not often found in modern hymn-books. 
In H. A. & M.. 1875, and most other collec- 
tions, lines 4-8 of St. i. are omitted, thus form' 
ing n hymn of 5 st. of 4 1. The omitted lines 
are ; — 

" Bought with blood, and bought fw Thee, 

Thine, and only Thine, I'd be. 

Holy, harmless, humble, mild, 

Jesus Christ's obedient child." 

The H. A. <£ itf. text is the popular foitu of 
the hymn. [J, J.] 

Lowe, Johann Friedrieh, was b, in 
1729 at Olausthol, in the Harz, and studied 
law at tho University of Gottiugeu. In 1757 
he obtained a secretaryship at Schworin, and 
wns finally, iu Sept, 1768, appointed registrar 
at Kostock. He d. at Rostock, Dec. 23, 1771. 

Hie IS original hymns appeared Id hla Geistlicfui 
Litter, mbst clnigm veriin&erten Kirchen-Ge&iaetm, 
Greifewalu, 1*?0 [llamburgj. One has been ir. ?— 

dott, waxui erquickt dem siisser Friede. [for the 
Sicfc.l 11)0, p. 43, in T St., entitled "In cross and 
tribulation." Tr. as (1) "My testlefls heart, with 
anguish moaning," by Jfiss Cox, 1841, p. 149 j (i) "My 
God J when "will Thy heavenly peace," by Lady jit. 
Ibrteteue, 1843, p. u). [J, M.] 

Lowell, James Russell, ll.d., was b. at 
Cambridge, Massachusetts, February 22, 1819 ; 
graduated at Harvard College, 1838, and was 
called to the Bar in 1840. Professor of Modern 
Languages and Literature (succeeding the 
Poet Longfellow) in Harvard, 1855 ; American 
Minister to Spain, alsotoEnghmiiinlBSl. He 
was editjr of tho Atlantic Monthly, from 1857 
to 1862; and of tho NorOi American Beview 
from 1883 to 1872, Professor Lowell is the 
most intellectual of American poets, and first 
of her art critics and humorists. He has 
written much admirable moral and sacred 



LOWENST-EBN, M. A. VON 

poetry, but no hymns. One piece, "Men, 
whose boast it is that ye " (Against Slavery), 
is part of an Auti-Slavery poeru, and in its 
present form is found in Mys. of the Spirit, 
1864. Fart of this ia given in Songs for the 
Sanctuary, N.Y., 18S5, as "They are slaves 
who will not choose." [F. M. BJ 

Lbwenatem, MatthEua Apellea von, 
was b. April 20, 1394, at Neustadt, in the 
principality of Oppeln, Silesia, where his 
father was a saddler. Hs early distinguished 
himself by his musical abilities, was appointed 
in 1625, by Duke Heinrich Wenzel of MSns- 
terberg, as his music director and treasurer at 
Beraatadt ; ia 1628, director of the princely 
school at BeniBtadt ; and in 16S1 Bath and 
Secretary and also Director of finance. There- 
after he entered the service of the Emperors 
Ferdinand II. (d. 1637), and Ferdinand III. 
as Rath, and was ennobled by the latter. Fi- 
nally he became Stoalsrath at Dels to Duke 
Carl Friedrich of Miinsterberg, and d. at 
Brestau, April 11, 1648 (Koch, iii. 57-CO ; 
AUg. Deutsche Biog. xix. 318, &c.). 

Lvwenstera'B hymus, thirty In &.1, aio of very varied 
worth, many betog written In imitation of antique Terse 
forms, And on the mottoes of the princes under whom he 
bad set ved, Ia the original eds. they were accompanied 
with melodies by himself. When or where they were 
first pnb. icir. 1M4) Is nut clear. They were bound up 
with the Breelau Kirtihm und BauS'Jtusic, 1B1+, end 
there bear tbe title : 

SymixAa odtr Gtdenck-Sprifcht Illhrtr FFPStiU. 
GGGn. Sn. Carl Fritdriskt Rcrtiogt tn Munstcrlicrg 
. ... damt ouch anderer Srtauchter FUrttlicker Per- 
ttmm. ZtwamW mch ettichen altondtrt Itq/gactittn 
Oeittlicken Oien. Gtitt&Ut dure* M. A. 1. I. 

Three of these bymns have been tr. ; — 

L Ohiiste, du Beistand deraer Kreu^emeine. [fn 
twkt of War.] 1644, No. xvii., in 4 at. of 4 ]., 
entitled "Sapphic Ode. For spiritual and tem- 
poral peace. Included in many later collections, 
and as No. 215 in the OVie. L. 8, 1851. It was 
a favourite hymn of Niebuhr, and also of Bunscn, 
who included it in his Versuch, 1833, and con- 
cluded with it the preface to lib Bibelvierk, 
Theirs, inC. U. are:— 

1. Lord of rot life, and God of our Salvation. 
Contributed by 1'hilip Pusey to A. R. Keinagle's 
Psalm and Hymn Tunes, Oxford, 1840, p. 132, 
in 5 et. It ia rather founded oa the German 
than a tr., st. i., ii. on St. i. ; iii.-v. on ii.-iv. 
The tune to which it was set was marked by 
Duuscn as an "old Latin melody," and so tbe 
Pusey hymn has sometimes been erroneously 
called a tr. from a Ijttin hymn of the 8th cent. 
From Beinagte it passed into the Salistmry H. Bk., 
1857, and has keen repeated in //. A. $ M., 
Sarum Ht)l., llymnary, Church Hys. ; and iu 
America in the Evang. Hyl., N. Y., 1880, Latidcs 
Domini, 1884, and others. 

2. Bleat aid of Thine afflicted congregation. In 
full, by A. T. Kussell, as No, 99 in the Dalston 
Hospital H. Bk., 1848. 

8. Christ, Thou the ohamnlan of the band who 
Awn, A good and full tr, by Miss Winkworth 
ii her I.yra Qer., 1st SeT., 1855, p. 105; 
repeated in SchaiFs Cftrist in Song; 1869, and 
the Ohio Lutheran Hyl., 1880. In the 2nd ed. 
of her Lyra Gcr., 1856, it begins, " Christ, Thou 
the champion of that war-worn host," 

4. Ohrist, the leader of that war-worn hoiti 
A good and full tr., based on Miss Winkworth, 
by W. Mercer iu bis C. P. $ H. Bk., 1857, 
No. 279 (Oxford ed., No. 391), mid repeated in 



I.0WBY, BOBEBT 



699 



the American Sabbath H. Bk., 1858. From the 
version of 1858 Mr. Windle seems to have altered 
the form in his Coll., No. 268. 

ii, Wan preiset olle. [Missions.') 1644, Nciii., 
in 5 st. of 6 1., entitled " Alcaic Ode." A fine 
hymn of Praise. In the Unv. L. 8, 1851, 
No. 717. The tr. in C, U. is:— 

How 3et us loudly. In full, by Miss Winkworth 
in her C. B. for England, 1863, No. 177, set to 
Loweustern's original melody. 

iii. Wonn ioh in Angst nnd Hoth. [Ooss ana" 
Consolativn.'] 1644, No, viit., in 7 st. of 7 ]., 
entitled "The 131" Psalm." It is a fine ver- 
sion as a hymn of consolation in times of trouble- 
In the Berlin G. 1. S., ed. 1863, No. 984. The 
trs. iu C, U. are : — 

1. When in distress and woe I lift, A good fc\, 
omitting st. v., by H. J. Buckoll, in his H. from 
German, 1842, p. 19, repeated in the Dulston 
Hospital K Bk., 1848. 

X. 'When angnilsh'd and perplexed. A good tr., 
omitting st. v., vi., by Miss Winkworth in her 
Lyra Ger., 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 70. Iu her C. B. 
for England, 1863, No. 142, altered and set to 
the original melody by LSwenstern, [J, M.] 

Lowry, Robert, d. d,, a. of Crozier Lowry, 
was b. at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, March 
12, IS26, and educated at Lewishurg Univer- 
sity. Having 1 received ordination as a Baptist 
Minister, his first charge was at West Ches- 
ter, Pennsylvania. From thence he passed 
to New York City, and then to Brooklyn, 
N. Y. In 1876 he was appointed Professor 
of Rhetoric in his University. On resigning 
his Professorship he undertook the charge 
of die 2nd Baptist Church, New Jersey, 
Br. Lowry has been associated with some of 
the most popular Sunday School hymn-books 
published in the States, including Happy 

Voices, 1865; Chapel Melodies, 1868; Bright 
Jewels, I8G9; Pare Gold, 1871; Boyal Dia- 
dem, 1873; Tidal Wave, 1874; Fountain of 
Song, 1377 ; Welcome Tidings, 1877, Ac. Of 
Dr. Lowry's hymns those which have attained 
the widest circulation arc : — 

1. Jerusalem, for ever bright. Heaven. Ap- 
peared in the American Tract Society's Happy 

Voices, 1865, with music by the author. 
S> Low in the grave He lay. Resurrection of 

Christ. Writteu in 1874 and pub. in Brightest 

and Best, 1875. 

3. Unrobing on, marching on. Sunday School 
Battle Song. Appeared, with music oy the 
author, in IJappy Voices, 1865* 

4. Kj homo is in heaven, my rest is not here. 
In Happy Voices, 1365, with mnsic by the 
author. 

5. My life flows on In endless song* Joy in 
God. In Bright Jewels, 1869 ; the Royal Diadem, 
1873, and others in America and G. Britain, 
with music by the author. 

6. One more day's work for Jeans, Work for 
Christ. Pub,, with music by the author, in 
Bright Jewels, 1869. 

7. Shall we gather st the river 1 Mutual recog- 
nition in this Hereafter. The origin of this 
hymn is thus set forth in E. W. Long's IlhtS' 
trated History of Ilys. and their Authors, Phila- 
delphia, 1876, p,6i:— 

41 On. ft very hot summer day, .n 1864, a pastor was 
seated in his parlour in nrooklyn, K. V. It was a time 
when aa epidemic was sweeping through tbe city, and 
draping many persons and dwellings in moiirnlng. -*U 



700 



LOY, M. 



inwid friends and aofiusjntances were passing away to 
tbe spirit land tn luge numbers. The question begsn 
to arise to the heart, with unusual emphasis, l Shall we 
meet again f We are parting at tbe river of death, shall 
we meet at tbe river of life > ' • Beating myaelf at the 
organ,* says he, 'simply to give vent ta the pent up 
emotions of tbe heart, tbe worts and music of the 
hymn began to flow out, as If by inspiration : — 
' Shall we gather at tbe river, 

Where bright angel feet have trod t " 

In 1865 the hymn and music were given in 
Happy Voice), No. 220, in 5 si. of 4 1. and a 
chorus. The hymn has since passed into a great 
number of hymnals in G. Britain and America. 

B. Take the wings of the morning ; speed 
intokly thy flight. Exhortation to Repentance. 
Written for, and pub. with music by the author 
in, the Royal Diadem, 1873. 

B. "Weeping will not save me. Salvation through 
Faith. Pitb. in the Chapel Melodies, 1868. 

10, What ean waah away my eteln ! Precious 
Blood of Jesus. Given in the Welcome Tidings, 
1877, with music by the author, 

11, Where la my wandering boy to-night 1 The 
absent ChUct. In the Fountain of Song, 1877, 
together with music by the author. 

Most of these hymns are given in Mr. I. D. 
Bankcy's Sacred Songs & Solos, Pts. L, ii 

[J.J,] 

Loy, It., President of tbe Capital Uni- 
versity, Columbus, Ohio, contributed several 
original hymns, and translations from the 
German, to the 

EtangAieal Lutheran HynwwJ. PultAithed by Order 

ttht JSv. Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio and Other 
tet. Columbus, Ohio, I860. 

The translations may be found through the 
tadtx of Authors, *o. ; flie original hymns are 
the following : — 

1. Au dwfql mystery is here, flely Communion, 

4. At Jesus' feet our infant sweet. BWj SanHtm. 

8. Come, humble son), receive the food. Boy Km- 
muni'on. 

4, Give me, Iiord, a spirit lowly. Humility detirtd. 
G. Clod gave Hie word to holy men. Inipiratv/n of 

JL JScrintvre. 

t. God of grace. Whose word Is sure. Fhithfidnai. 

1. How matchless Is our Saviour's grace. Belt) 
£aptim. 

5. I thank Thee, Saviour, for tbe grief. Lent. 

». Jeeue took the lambs and blest them. Holy Sap. 
tim. 

10, Jesus, Thou art mine for ever. Jetue, All and in 
All. 

11. launch out Into the deep. Call to Duty, 
13. Listen to those hsppy voices. Ckrttmat. 

13. O Great High Priest, forget not me. Confirmation. 

u. O Lord, who bant my place assigned. Daily 
Dutiet, 

It, Our Shepherd of His ransomed flock. Holy Com- 
munion. 

is. The gospel abows the Father's grace. Holy Scrip- 
ture. 

it. The law of God fi good and wise. JfbJy Scripture. 

is. Though angels bright escape our sight. St. 
Michael andAU Angeii. 

19. When Borne had shrouded earth tu rught. The 
Reformation; 

M. Whensouls draw near the holy wave, a/nfirma- 
tion. 

Several of these hymns, together with some 
of his trt., previously appeared in the Ohio 
Synod's preceding Coll. of Bys. (3rd ed., 
1858; 4th, 1863). [J. J.] 

Lucas of Frag, b.a. (Lucas Pragensis), 
was b. ut Prag about 1160. He studied at the 
Uuivi-Tsiity of Frag, graduating b.a. in 148 1. 
About 1482 he joined the Bohemian Brethren's 
Unity, becoming in 1490 ft member of their 



LTJ0IB CBEATOfc OPTIME 

Select Council ; and was, in 1500, consecrated 
Bishop of the Unity. He d. Deo. 11, 1528, 
He contributed 11 hymns to the Bohemian 
H. Bk., 1501, and 106 others by him appear in 
the ed. of 1561. See, further, under Bohemian 
Zymnody, pp. 1IS-180 ; also note on Sua laast 
tuns den Lath befnhen. [J. T. M.] 

Lucia Creator optima. St. Gregory the 
Great (?) [Sunday Evening^] This is one of 
the eight hymns which the Benedictine editors 
assign to St. Gregory (Opera, Paris, 1705, iii. 
col. 879). Mom gives it as No. 62, from ass. 
of the 8th cent at Darmstadt and Trier, 4c. 
He thinks it was written in the first quarter 
of the 5th cent., but not in Italy ; and conse- 
quently neither by St. Ambrose, to whom it 
has often been ascribed, nor by St. Gregory, 
who was only b. cir. 540. Daniel, i. No. 49, 
gives the text, and at ir. p. 49, cites it as in a 
10th cent. Bheinan us. Among the British 
Museum msb. it is found in three 11th cent. 
Hymnariet of the English Church (Yesp. D. 
xii. f. 9 6 ; Jul A. vi. f 22 ; Had. 2961 f. 220), 
and in an 11th cent Breviary of the Spanish 
Church (Add. S0848 f. 72). It is in a MS. of 
the 11th cent, at Corpus Christi, Cambridge 
(391, p. 281) ; end in the Lot. Bye. of the 
Anglo-Saxon Church (Snrtees Society), 1851, 
is printed from an Ilth cent us. at Durham, 
(B. iii. 32 f. 5). Among the St. Gall mbs. it 
is given in No. 20 of the 9th cent ; Nos. 387, 
413, of the 11th cent., &c 

It le Included In the Matarabtc, 1BG2; Soman (Venice, 
14)8, and Rome, 1032); Suriim; York, Aberdeen and 
other £reviariee, generally assigned to Sunday at 
Vespers. Daniel entitles it "A hymn on tbe work of 
tbe First Day " [of the Creation] ; and Mine as " 1st S. 
after the Octave of tbe Epiphany. At Second Vespers." 
The tentis also taWaeternagel, i. Mo. S9; Hymnarium 
Saritb., 18*1, p.SS; Xitoigtfetd.n, p. 8; J. Chandler's 
JJjfi. of the Primitive Church, 1*31, So. 11 ; and Card. 
Newman's Hymni Jiectetiae, IB38 and 1865. [J, M.] 

Translations in C, U. : — 

1, Father ef lights, by Whom eaah day. Card. 
Newman, in the Tracts for the Times, 1836, So. 
75, p. 79 ; and again in his Verses on Various 
Occasions, 1868, p. 839. It is slightly altered in 
Slew's Church Hy. fr Tune 3i., 1852-55, und 
Bice's Set. from the same, 1870, No. 24. 

s. Source of light and life divine. By J. Chand- 
ler, in his Bys. of the Brim. Church, 1637, p. 9. 
It is given in some hymn-books in an unaltered 
form, and sometimes as, " Source of light and 
joower divine," as in the English Hymnal, 1858 
sad 1861, with an additional stanza (v.), and 
thence in Kennedy, 1863. In Turing's Coll., 
1882, st. iv. is by the Editor. 

). blest Creator of the light, Who dost [didst] 
the dawn, fto. By E. Caswnll, in his Lyra Catho- 
lics, 1849, p. 13 ; and his Rye. $ Poems, 1873, 
p. 8. This tr. is in several hymn-books, and is 
the most widely used of the irs. of the "Lucis 
Creator optime," 

4. blest (heater of the light, Who mak'st the 
day, £c, By J. M. Nsalo, in the Hymnal N., 
1863, No. 6 ; the Hymner, 1882, and others. 

I, Creator of the light, Supreme I By J. D, 
Chambers, in his Psalter, 1852, p. 280, and his 
Lauda Syon, 1857, p. 41, It was repeated, with 
Elite rations, in Chope's Ifymnal, 1862. This 
altered text was transferred to the People's If., 
1867, and to Thring's Coll., 1882. 

e, Blest Creator of the light. This tr. appeared 
in H. A, # 3l. t 1861, as a tr. based upon 



* 

Ml. 

8. 
8. 

isee 
w. 



LUDAMILIA ELISABETH 

J. Chandler. It is really a cento thus com- 
posed, st i. 1. 1, CaswaU, with "0" loft out; 
11. 2-4, Compilers; st. ii., ili,, iv., 1L 1, 2, /. 
Chandler, very slightly altered ; st. iv. 11. 3, 4, 
Compilers ; st. v. 1. 1, Gcutootf, altered ; 11. 2-4, 
Compilers. This cento haa passed from if. J. ^ 
Jf. into a few collections, 

7. lord of all, Thy wad divine. This tr. in the 
PartsA .Hi £*, 1863 and 1S75, ii J. Chandler's 
tr. altered by the Editor*. 

J. Darkness wm on tea deep, Lord. By A. R. 
Thompson. Id the American Reformed Dutch 
ifyf. o/ (Afl Church, 1869. 

9. Blest Maker of the tight, hy whom. This fr. 
in the /fymnorjr, 1872, is based upon Card. New- 
man's tr,, as given in Slew's Church S. $ T, Bk. ; 
and J. D. Chambers's tr. in his Psalter and his 
Lawda Syon (see above). 

Translation* net in 0* U, :— - 

1. Blest Miter of the rwtUnt light. Primer. not. 

3. Thou, of light Creator best. Bp, Mant. 183J. 
S. Great Hiker of light, Who called forth its ray. 

BgaaariiH* Aitglieamm. ISM. 

4. O ThonWbocelledstrorththellght. Bp. J. Wil- 
liams, In bis (American) Ancient JFys. 184G. 

B. Blest Hater of. the light. W. J. O&tJavd. 1848. 
s. Hiker of light, moat;holy King. <r. it. .Barf*. 
IMS. 

Eternal Source of light's dear Btre&m. R. Conp- 

ISM. 

Fitberof tl» glorious light. G.Borinn. 18S1. 

Ihou, light's Creator, fist and beat. J. £eW*. 

great Creator of the light. J, Wallace. 1SJ4. 

[J. J.] 

Iiudtimilia Elisabeth, second dan. of 
Count Jjudwig Gunther I. of Schwarzburg- 
Bndolstadt, was b. April 7, 1610, at the castle 
of Heidecksburg, near Rndolstadt, and was 
educated there along with her cousin Braille 
Juliane (q.v.>. In 1665 she went with her 
mother to the dowager castle of Friedensburg 
near Iieutenberg ; but after her nwiher's death, 
in 1670, she returned to Budolatadt, where, on 
Deo. 20, 1671, she was formally betrothed to 
Count Christian Wilhelm. of Sahwarzburg- 
SonderahauseD. At this time measles was 
raging in the district, and ber eldest sister, 
Sophie Jnliane, was seised, and d. Feb. 14, 
1672. By attending on her, Ludamilia and 
the youngest sister, Chrutiane Magdalene, 
caught the infection, and both died at Budol- 
stadt on March 12, 1672. (Koch, iv. 50-S6; 
AUg. Deutsche Biog. six. 866-367, &c.) 

8be received a careful and pious training, wan a good 
Latin scholar, and well read in divinity and other 
branches of learning. Her hymns show her to hare 
been of & deeply pious nature, and of Intense love to 
Jesus. They were composfd lather for her own edifica- 
tion than for use In public womhlp. Twi of them were 
included In the Bndolstadt O. B., 1BBS. They, were 
collected, to the number of sot, and edited by ber cousin 
Emille (probably insisted by A. Frttscb) u Bit Stimrne 
der RpaauKn, dot itt; QeitUieht Lieatr wefcae, aut 
Wtutttger and bits ant Jht&e eeaorrfcr Jetur Litbe 
verfertlgetiinAgebra«ekt,ha. Rndolstadt, lest. This 
was reprinted, with an Introduction by fT. Thiio, it 
Stuttgart, 18*6. 

Three of those hymns have been tr., viz. : — 
L J«u, Jeans, niohta ala Jena, [Zow to 
Christ.'] 1687, No. 104, p. 312, in 5 st. of 6 1., 
entitled " Resignation to the Will of God." The 
initials of the stanxas form the word Jesus, and 
each stanza ends, "Herr, wie du willt." It 
seems to have appeared in the 2nd ed. of A, 
Fritach'a Jems Zirtfer (not in the 1st ed. of 
1668. No copy of the 2nd ed. is now known), 
and in the 3rd ed,, Jena, 1875, is No. 43, 



LUOETB, PACIS ANGELI 701 

Bambach, iii. 188, gives it from the Vermehrtu 
Gesang-B&cMein, Halberstadt, 1673, In the 
Berlin O. L. 8., ed. 1863. The tr. in C. U. is ^ 
Jeans, Jesus, Jena enly, la full, by A. Crnli, 
as No. 282 in the Ohio Lutheran Hyl., 1880. 

Otter bazars :-{n "Jesus, Jesns,nought but Jems, 
Shalt my wish anil. In the Savpt. to Ger Putt 
ed. 1T8S. p. II. (!) " Jesns, 'tis my aim dlTine " by 
Kits Dmtn. 18S7, p. W1. (3) '"lis Jesns that's toy 
sole deeire,' 1 by Or. g. Walker, tseo, p. n. (41 " Jesus, 
Jeene, nanght but Jesus, Can my,' f by B. Hanle, In 
the Br>K«* Bjsrald, July, 1885, p. 103, and In Hold's 
Fraitt Bk., ISM, So, 398. (I) " Jesus, Jesns, nought 
but Jesus, Shall my wish be," In Cantiea Sanetontm, 
1888, Ko. ft. 

1L Jeen Blot komm Uber mteh. [Holff Com- 
munum.] A Passiontide Hymn on the Blood of 
Jesus. 1687, p. 45, No. 14, in 8 st la the 
Blatter f^r Hymnologie, 1886, p. 180, it is cited 
as in the Und ed., 1679, of A. Fritsch's Eitmnels- 
Z«s£(lst ed., 1670, does not contain it); and 
as there marked "S. J. G. Z. S. Y. B.," the 
initials of the elder sister, Sophie Juliane. 

Tr. aa:— *' Jesus' Blood come over me," as So. 
448, in pL I. of the mravian B. J>k„ mi. 

ili. Barge, Tatar 1 serge da. rjjformng.'] 1687, 
No. 168, in 7 St., entitled " On Resignation to 
the Care of God," and founded on 1 Peter v. 7. 
Previously in the Rndolstadt G. B„ 1682, p. 692. 

Tr. aa t— " Care, O Father, care for me," in the 
J&miUy Pachtt, xlv., 1813, p. ail. 

The hymn " Zeuoh una nach dir," eome- 
times erroneonaly ascribed to her, is noted 
under FmnAe, P,, p. Ml, 1L [J. M.] 

Lugete dura marmora. [Passiontide.'} 
This is found in the Sirenes gympkoniaeae, 
Cologne, 1678, p. 154 ; the Ptatteridlvm. Cantto- 
nam Catiioi&arum, Cologne, 1722, p. 83 ,• the 
Byjwio(ijaiSocra,Miin8ter,1763,p.80; and also 
in Daniel, ii 351. It ia probably the produc- 
tion of some German Jesuit, and was meet 
likely written in the second half of the 17th 
cent It has been tr, by tiie Kev. B, C. Sin- 
gleton, 1870, and pub. in the 2nd ed. of his 
Anglican S. Bk-, 1871, as "O inosm, thou 
rigid stone"; and by H. M. MacgUl in ))U 
Songs, of the Christian dread & Life, 1676, 
No. 71, as "Ye rocis of marble, melt and 
weep." [J. M.] 

Iiiigete, paois Angeli. C. Coffin. [fW- 
day — LentJ] Appeared in the Paris Breviary, 
1736, for Fridays at Vespers, and also " Ad 
OfBciniii Noct. In Pesto quinqtte plagarnm 
Ohristi." It was repeated in Coffin's Hymai 
Satrrt, tlio same year, p. 28, and is found in 
several modem French Breviaries. The text 
is also in J. Chandler's Hys. <o/ the Primitive 
Church, 1837, No. 31, and Card. Newman's 
Hymni Betleriae, 1838 and 1S65. Tr. as:— 

1, Lament, ye saints, behold year OotL By 
J. Chandler, in his fft/s. of the Prim. Church, 
1837, p. 38, and Dr. Oldknow's Hymns, &c^ 
1850. In 1861 it was given, with alterations, 
as " Angels, lament, behold your God," in JK A. 
$ Af, but omitted in the revised ed,, 187S, 

S. Anfala of peace, look down ftom luaven and 
mean. By I. Williams in his Sys, tr. from the 
Parisian Breviary, 1889, p. 36. It was repeated 
in the Salisbury H. Bk., 1857 ; the Sarwn, 1868 ; 
the ffymnary, 1872, and others, and nin&lty 
with slight alterations. 

». Angels ef paaaa, lament. By W. J. Blew. 
Written for use in his own chnreh, 1850-3, and 



702 



LUISB HENBIETTE 



pub, in The Church ffy. $ Tans Bk., 1652-5 j 
and again in Rice's Hys* Selected from the Ch* 
H, $ IVBLy 1870- 

Translations not in C V, ', — 

1. Angel?, look down and weep. It. CUJftpbeti, ] ft&O, 

2. Angels of peace I ye seraphs mourn. *7. A. 
Cftaroftera, 1S&7. 

3. Angela of peace, lrawaH, D, T. Morgan, In his Jf/r/$. 
<jf *Ac Z^tfn Church* 1680, [J. J.] 

I/uiee Henrietta, Electress of Bran- 
denburg, dau, of Friedrich Heimioh, Prince 
of Nassau-Orange and StadthoMcr of the 
United Netherlands, was b, at 7 S Graven* 
huge (The Hague), Nov. 27, 1627, She re- 
ceived a catefnl Christian training;, not only 
in literature, hut also ill domestic economy 
and feminine handicrafts. On Dee. 7, 1 646, 
aho was married, at the Hague, to the Elector 
Friedrich Wilholm of Brandtnburg, who was 
then residing at Cleve, hnt remained at the 
Hague to nurse her father, who d, March 14, 
1647, She then, in June, 1G47, joined her 
husband at Cleve, where her first child, Wil- 
helm Heiurioh, was fa in May 1648. In the 
autumn of 1640 she set out with her husband 
and ohild on the way to Berlin, but in the in- 
clement weather the child sickened and d, at 
Wesel, Och 24, 1619, and it was not till April 
10, 165Q, that she entered Berlin, On the 
hirth of her second son, Curl Emil (who d. 
1674), at Oranienhurg, near Berlin, on Feb, 
I(J, IC55, she founded an orphanage there as 
a thank-offering (now the Qramenburg Or- 
phanage at Berlin), On July 11, 1657, her 
third son, afterwards King Friedrich I, of 
Prussia, was b, at Konigsberg. After the birth 
of her youngest son, Ludwig, at Cleve, in 
1666, she never entirely recovered* In the 
spring of 1667 she was conveyed to Berlin in 
a litter, and d, there Juno 18, 1667. {Koch, 
iv, 158 ; Atig. DeutscJuz Biog^ xix. 623 ; 
Gocdeke's GrandrUt^ vol. iiL, 1887, p, 319, Ac) 

LuLae Henrlette was a woman of noble character j a 
devoted wife who accompanied her husband in many or 
bis expeditions, and uaa his right-band counsellor in 
matters of state ; and a true mother of her people, In- 
troducing the culture of the potato, founding model 
farms, establishing elementary echoojs, and In many 
ways interesting herself in restoring their welfare after 
the ravages of the Thirty Years' War, She was, like 
the Elector, a member of the Reformed Church* but 
earnestly desired to promote peace between the Lutheran 
and Reformed communions, and exerted herself espe- 
cially on behalf of P. Gerhardt (see p. 409, ii.> An- 
other of her efforts In this direction was by means of the 
Union Uyvrm Bwk, which Christoph JtUDjce edited At 
her direction, and pub, in lflfia (see p, 272, i*)- To this 
book she herself contributed four hymns. In his dedi- 
cation to the Elcctress, Bunge says she had ** augmented 
and adorned it with your own hymns, vii h t ' Ein ander 
stelle eeln Yertrauen'; * Gott der Belchtbamb delnei 
GUter F ; * Jesua meine Zuversicht ' ; ' Icb wil von meiner 
Missethat.' Your Electoral Highness has not only in 
those your now mentioned hymns (Itit gemeldten gelst- 
reichen Jhrcti etgenen Lledern) made known to all the 
world your Christian spirit; how your confidence is 
directed to God alone; how you ascribe to him with 
thankful heart all the benefits you drjoy ; and how you 
rest the hope of your future everlasting life In Heaven 
on Christ alone as on a steadfast rock, hut have 
also," &c. fee. 

The question however remains. Did Runge here 
mean more than that she had Bent fin- insertion certain 
hymns which were favourites of her own, perhaps 
written for ber, but not necessarily written i>y her? 
Such cases were common enough at an earlier period 
(see note on Ku ioh thigHick), It Is certainly strange 
that her name should not ce given in any of the many 
hymn-books in which the third of these (" Jesus meine 
Zuversicht *') was included during the next century. 
It was not till 1TG9 that Runge's dedication suggested 
to D. G, SchBber, and, after him, to other compilers, the 



LUISE HENRIETTE 

idea of (he Elcetress's authorship ; but once suggested it 
was soon generally accepted* Fischer* i. BflO-396, gives 
various additional reasons that make this theory un- 
likely - t auch as that while in Hungers dedication they 
are mentioned as above, yet her name Is not affixed to 
the Individual bymns in the body of the boolc \ that In 
the funeral oration by her private chaplain, no mention 
is made of her poetical gifts ; that Crtlger gave them in 
his I'ruxis pietatis roeitca witliout her name fin the 
1664 and later eds. the first was omitted), and that in 
particular the third is too classic and correct In style 
to have been written by so poor a German scholar as 
the Elettress. This last objection would of course be 
met If we could suppose with Koch (Iv. p. 160) that the 
hymn was originally written in Dutch, or with Dutch 
Idioms, and was revised and corrected by her minister, 
Otto von Scbwedn, or by Range, 

In view of the present evidence we can only say that 
if the Elcctress were not the author of these hymns 
there is at least no proof of any kind to show that they 
were composed by any of those whose names have 
sometimes been attached to them; such as Otto von 
Scbwerin (b, IBIS, d. ltf8) t Caspar Zfegler (b. 2621, 
d. 1690), Hans von Asalg (b. 1650, d, 1694), and others. 
In this state of uncertainty the case must be left till 
definite proof be forthcoming. 

Two of these hymns have passed into Eng- 
lish, viz* : — 

i t Ich will tou moiner Ziuethmt, Lent- This 
beautiful hymn first appeared in. the Crijger> 
Runge G. B. 7 tG53, No, 45, iu 16 at. of 7 L, 
entitled, "Hymn of Penitence/' and without 
signature, Koch, iv, lf»0 T conjectures that it 
may have been written at Cleve in 1648, In 
tha t/ntJ, i t $., lS5l t Xo, 3S0. The trs* are r— 

(l) "'MTith sorrow now for past misdeeds," by Kiss 
Cite, 1864, p, W4, {2) "I will return unto the Lord/* 
by Mitt Winfavorth, l$M f p. 331, 

ii, Jwua melne ZtiT&nricht* Easter* This 
beautiful hymn, founded on Job lis, 25^27 and 
1 Cor, xv. 35 ff., nppenred in the CrUgeT-Rungfl 
a. J?,, 1653, No. 140, in 10 st. of G L, and 
without signature. Its origin U thus given by 
Lausmanu, ia Koch, viii. 69 1 — 

" It dates from the early years of her married life. In 
the autumn of 1049 she lost her first child, the Crown 
Prince TrVilboImHeinrtch, at Wesel, while on her journey 
[to Berlin], by which death for a long time the hope of 
succession in the Electoral House and in the Hoheu< 
zollern family line seemed to be lost. At TangennQude, 
in the Altmark [on the Elbe], she had to spend some 
quiet winter months, and here probfthly the princess of 
tw enty-two years poured out her heart before the Lord 
in this hymn." 

This, however, is conjecture rather than his- 
tory ; for, as stated above, it is not yet clearly 
proved that the Electress wrote any hymns. 
The hymn itself i& of the first rank ; and A, J, 
Rambach {tolls it "an acknowledged masterpiece 
of Christian poetry;" while C, von Winterfeld 
says, "it wiii ever remain a treasure amone 
the hallowed songs of the Evangelical Church. 
It bears a certain resemblance to the concluding 
section of the Apotheosis of A* C- Pradentius 
(Hues 1063-1085, with the subtitle '* De resurrec- 
tione carnis humanae," and beginning, "Nosco 
meum in Cbrlsto corpus consurgere. Quid me ,p ); 
but can hardly be called a &*, of it* It was in- 
cluded in Criiger's Praxis 1656, No, 182, passed 
into almost all Inter hymn-books, and is No, BBS 
in the Uhv. L. &, 1351, 

The beautiful chorale (as in the C. B. for 
England) appeared in its first form in 1653, 
along with the hymn, C. von Winterfeld con- 
jectured that it may have been by the Elect r^Gg, 
The form now in use is modified from that given 
by Criiger in his Praxis, 1656. IV. as : — 

1, Christ, my Book, my sure Defence* Omitting 
st, ii. t as No, 51 in the Moravian H. Bk., 1769. 
In the ed, of 1789. No, 833j at, viii, was omitted, 



LUKE, JEMIMA 

and a tr, from Christian Gregor's " JTein, ach 
nein, er ISsst mich nicht," was added as st. iii. 
(ed. 1886, No. 1241). Abridged forms are in 
J. A. J-atrohe's Coll., 1841, nnd Dr. Hook's Church 
School H. M., 1850. 

Sh Jesus, on Whose name I mt> A good fr, 
of st, i.-iv., vi,, by A. 'I. Russell, as No. 264, in 
his P>. 4- Hys., 1851. 

3, Jesus, my Redeemer, lives. A good tr., omit- 
ting st, iv., v., by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra 
Gcr, 1st Ser., 1855, p. 93. Repeated, in full, in 
the Ohio Evang. Lvth. Hyi., 1880 ; and, abridged, 
in the Bapt. Ps. # Hys., 1858, Meth. New Con- 
nexion H. Bit., 1863, J. B. Whiting's Hys. for the 
Church Catliolic, 1882, and others. 

4. Christ, tho Rock <m which I lnuM. A good 
tr., omitting st. iv., v., contributed by ii. Massie, 
as No. 106, to the 1857 ed. of Mercer's Ch. Psalter 
$ H. Bk. (Ox. ed. 1864, No. 199, omitting trs. of 
st. ii, t vi.) and repeated in his own Lyra Domes- 
tics, 2nd Ser., 1864, p. 127. Abridged in Di. J. 
Paterson's Coll., Glasgow, 1867. 

E. Jesus, my eternal trust. A full and good tr,, 
by Mrs. Charles, in her CMse of Christian Life 
in Song, 1858, p. 237, repeated in Cantatc Domino, 
Boston, U.S., 1859. 

6. Jesus Chiist, my son defence, A good tr., 
by Miss Winkwortli, in tho original metre, omit- 
ting st. iv.-vi., and based on her Lyra Gar. ver- 
sion, in her C. B. for England, 1863, No. 59. 
In the Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868, the trs. 
of st. viii., ix., are omitted. 

7, Christ, my Lord, is sll my hope. A tr. of st. 
i., ii., viii., x., by Miss Borthwick, in Dr. Pngen- 
atecher's Coll., 1864, No. 285. 

Other trs. are : — 

(I) "Jesus is my faithful trnst." In the British 
Maffatine, June 1836, p. 625. (2) " I with Jesus choose 
my part." by T/r. ff. MiUi, 185", p. 248. (S) "Again 
my Saviour Jesus lives," by Dr. O. Walker, 1860, 
p. 100. U) " Jesus Christ, my Saviour, lives!" In 
the British HemUl, Sept. 1866, p, 328, and Rcld's 1'raiie 
Bk., 1872, (6) "Jesus is my confidence," by JP". L. 
Frathingliam, 1BT0, p. ITS. (6) " Jesus Christ, my 
Strength, my Stay." In the family Trtatury, 18J», 
P- H. [J. M.] 

Luke, Jemima, nee Thompson, 
daughter of Thomas Thompson, sometime of 
Bath, was b. at Coiebrookc Terrace, Islington, 
Aug. 19, 1813, and was married, to the late 
Samuel Luke, a Congregational Minister, in 
1843. She was an anonymous contributor to 
The Juvenile Magazine at tho age of 13, and 
subsequently pub. several works, including 
The Female Jesu»7, 1851; A Memoir of Eliza 
Ann Harris, of Clifton, 1859, &c. Mrs. Luke 
is known to hymnody through her hymn : — 

X think when I read that sweet story of old. [Tke 
Lvm of Jesus.] It is recorded that this hymn was 
composed In a stage coach In Isii, and was designed 
for use in the village school, near her father's seat, 
PoundsfordPark. Jt was pub. anonymously Ln the Lad* 
H. Bk., 18*3, No. 814, in 3 st. or 3 1., and has since come 
Into me through children's hymn-books ln most Eng- 
lish-speaking countries, ["J, J."] 

XjUlldia, l!£s>ry. h [Ihuiean, Xary.J 

Iiunt, William Parsons, ».»., a. of 
Henry Lunt, was b. at Ncwburyport, Mas- 
saclmaetta, April 21, 1805. He entered Har- 
vard Collego in 1819, and graduated in 1828. 
After acting as a tutor in a school for one 
year, and studying law a second, he joined 
the Cambridge Divinity School in 1825, and 
entered tho Unitarian Ministry, June 19, 1828, 
hie first charge being the Second Gongrega- 



LUTHBR, MAETIN 



703 



tional Unitnrian Society of New York City. 
In 1835 he became co-pastor of the Unitarian 
congregation at Quinoy, Massachusetts, with 
the Key. P. Whitney, and in 1843 sole pastor 
of the same congregation. During a tonr in 
the East he d. at Akabah (the nncitnt 
Eziou-Geber), March 21, 1857, and was buried 
a short distance from that village. Dr. Lunt 
was the author of several sermons, and con- 
tributed largely to tho Christian Examiner 
and other periodicals. His hymns and poems, 
together with selections from his prose works, 
were pub. by his son as Gleanings. His moat 
widely used hymn is " When driven by op- 
pression's rod." It was " written for the public 
schools of Quincy, and sung by them at their 
Fourth of July Celebration, 1837." It is in 
5 at. of 4 1, This, together with several 
others, including one of more than ordinary 
merit for Sunday sohools, " Hark, the gentle 
Shepherd's voice " (written in 1846), are given 
in full in Putnam's Singers and Songs of the 
Liberal Faith, 1875. To this work wo are 
indebted for the above foots. [J. J.] 

Luther, Martin, b. at Eisleben, Nov. 10, 
1483; entered the University of Erfurt, 1501 
(b.a. 1502, M.A. 1503) ; became an Augus- 
tiniiin monk, 1505 ; ordained priest, 1507; 
appointed Professor at tho University of Wit- 
tenberg, 1508, and in 1512 d.d.; published 
his 95 Theses, 1517 ; and burnt the Papal 
Bull which had condemned them, 1520; at- 
tended the Diet of Worms, 1521 ; translated 
the Bible into German, 1521-34; and d. at 
Eisleben, Feb. 18, 1546. Tho details of his 
life and of his work aa a reformer are acces- 
sible to English readers in a great variety of 
forms, and need not be repeated here. Of 
Lnther's influence on German hymtiody an 
adequate estimate will be found under Ger- 
man Hymnedy, at p. lit. It only remains here 
to givo a somewhat fuller account of theprin- 
cipul hooka which he edited, or in which his 
hymns first appeared ; together with a classi- 
fied list of his hymns. 

j. Hymn Books. 

1. .£&&& eristlich lidtr Lbbgcsang vHPialm. Wit- 
tenberg, 1534, [Hamburg Llbrary.J This contains 
S German hymns, of which 4 are by Luther. 

2. Eyn Enchiridion odtr HandbuchUin. Erfurt 
1524 [Goslar Library], with 35 German hymns, ot which 
la are by Luther. 

3. GeyetlicH Otsangk Buckleyn. Wlttenbejg, 1524 
[Munich Library], with 32 German hymns, of which 24 
am by Luther. 

4. GeistlicJte Litdtr Huffs new gcbettert. Wittenberg. 
J. King, 152$. No copy of this book Is now known, 
hut there was one Ln 17SB in the possession of G. E. 
Waldan, pastor st Nttmberg, and from his description 
it Is evident that the first part of the Rostock O. B., 
1531, is a reprint of it. The Rostock O. B., 1531, was 
reprinted hy C Itf. Wlecbmann-Kadow at Schwerlp. in 
18&S. The 1529 evidently contained 50 German hymns, 
of which 29 (Including the /.ttany) were hy Luther. 

5. Geisttiehe Lieder aaffs ntuj ffcbtstert. Erfurt- A. 
Ranscher, 1531 [Ilclnistadt, now IrVolfenhuttel Library], 
a reprint of No. 4. 

5. Geistliche Licdcr. Wittenberg. J. King, 153S 
[Munich Library. Tftlepage lost], with 52 Germm 
hymne, of which 29 are by LjUtber. 

1. Gtistlielw LUcUr stiff's nevi g&essert. Leipzig. V. 
Schumann, 1539 [Wemtgerode Library], with 68 German 
hymna, of which 29 ara by Luther. 

s, Geiiaiehe Liefer. Wittenberg. J. Klug, 1543 
[Hamburg Library'], with 51 German hymns, of which 
35 are hy Luther. 

9. Gtyttlich* LUder. Leipilg. V. Bshst, 1545 [OBt- 
Ungen Lihrarv]. This contains Luther's Anally rtv!>ed 



704 



LUTHBE, MABTIN 



text, bat adds no new hymns by himself. la pt. 1. are 
VI German hymns, la pt* II. 10, of wbich 35 la All an 
by Lather. 

For these books Luther wrote three pre- 
faces, first pub. respectively in Nos. 3, 4, 9. 
A fourth is found in his Chrtttliehe Geteng, 
Lateinitch tmd Deudseh, sum Beprtbnit, Wit- 
tenberg, J. King, 1512. These four prefaces 
are reprinted io WackernageTs Bibliographic, 
18.19, pp. 543-583, and in the various editions 
of Luther's Hymn*. Among modern editions 
of Luther's Qni»tlicke Lieder may be men- 
tioned the following : — 

Carl Ton Winterfeld, 1610 ; Dr. C. E. F. Wsckeroagel, 
1846 ;9.ai. SUp, 1*61 ; "Wilbelm Schircke, 1861 ; l>i. 
Dannell, 1883; Dr. Karl Gerok. issS; Dr. A, F. W. 
Fischer, 1883 ; A. Frommel, 1883 ; Karl Goedeke, 1983, 
ftc. In The Hwnnt qf Martin Luther. Set to their 
original mtlodtei. With, an Snglith tertian. New 
York, 1883, ed. by Dr. Leonard Wotnsey Bacon and 
Katban H. Allen, then are the foot prefaces, and 
English version* of All Luther's hymas, principally 
taken more or leu altered, from the verelona by A. T. 
Russell, it. Maesle aod Miss Winkworth [repnb. la 
tiondaa, 1881]. Complete tit. of Lather's brums have 
beeajmb. by Dr. Joan Anderson, 1816 (2nd ed. 184T), 
Dr. John Haut, 1863, Bichsrd Jfaasie. ISM, sod Dr. 4. 
Macdouald la the Sunday Magazine, 1887, and his 
Exatiet, 1876. The other versions are given in detail 
to the notea ou the individual hymns. 

ii. Clarified Liat of Lutker'e Hymn*. 
Of Luther's hymns no classification oan he 
quite perfectj e.g. No. 3 (see below) takes 
hardly anything from the Latin, and No. 18 
hardly anything from the Psalm. No, 29 is 
partly based on earlier hymns (see p. HI, i.). 
No. 30 is partly based on St. Mark i. 9-11, 
and xvi., 15, IS (see p. SS8, 11.). No. 35 is 
partly based on St. Luke ii. 10-16. The fol- 
lowing arrangement, however, will answer all 
practical purposes. 

A Trantlatiom from the Latin. 

I. iron Latin Hymn? : 

1. Christum wir sollen loben scbon. 

A totit ortut cafdtne (p. 4, IL). 
i. Der da blst drei In Elnigiett. 

O Lux beata Trinitat. 
a. Jesua Chrlatns unser Holland, Der von. 

Jam Ckrittvt nottra talut (p. 694, i.) 
4. Konnn Oott Schopfer, helllger Gelst. 

Veni Creator Spiritut, Mtntet, 
6. Hon komm der Heldenneiland, 

rent Kedcntotor gentium. 
8. Was furchst da Felad Herodes sear. 

A tolit ortut cavdine (p. S, i.) 

II. From Latin Antipkont, itc. : 
1. Herr Gott dlch loieu wir. 

31s Aetna laudamut. 

8. Verleih nns Frledea gnadigllch. 

Dapactm, Domine (p. %H, ii.). 

9, Wlr glauben all an elnen Gott. 

lit. Partly fmm the latin, the tranttated ttantat 
being adoptedfrom Prt'Ref amotion Vertiont : 

10. Komm, hetllger Qeist, Henre Gott, 

11, Mitten wir 1m Leben Bind. 

Media vita in norte s umui. (p. TIL, io 

B. Hymn* revised and enlarged from Prey- 

Reformation popular nymni, 
19. Qelobet seist dn Jeans Christ. 

13. Gott der Vater wohn una bel. 

14. Qott eel gelobet und gebenedeiet. 
IB. Kna bitten wlr den helllgen Geist, 

C. Psalm versions. 

15. Ach Gott vom Hlmmel, sleh dareln. 
17. Ana Meter Noth echrel tcb in dlr. 
IB. Eta' ftste Btu? 1st noser Gott. 

19. Ei eprlcat der (Jnweiaeu Hand wvhi, 
JO. Es wollt uns Gott gensdig seih. 
31. War Qott nicht nut ana dfese Zeit 
n, VTohJ 4em, dm In Gottes yar»M stent. 



LUX AT.MA JBBTJ 

D, Paraphrases of other portion* of Ubiy 

Scripture, 
23. Diesj Bind die heilgen who Gebot. 
31. Jesala dem Propheten das geschah. 
£6. Mensch wlllt da leben aellglich, 
it. Hit Fried oud Freud leh tsbr dahln, 
2T. Sle 1st mlr lleb die vertbe Magd. 
38. Vater naser tm Hlmmelreich. 

E. Hymn* mainly Original, 
IN. Christ lag in Todeabanden. 

go. Christ nnser Herr iam Jordan ksm. 
3t. Bin aenes Lied wlr beben an. 
33. Erhalt aos Herr bet deineia Wort. 
as, Jesas Chrietae anser Belland, Der den. 
31. Nun frent ench liebea Chrlsteagemeih. 
36. Vom Hlmmel hocb da komm idk her. 
3S. Vom Hlmmel ksm der Engel Schasr. 

In addition to these see also notes cm: — 
3T. Ftlr allea Freaden *nf Erden, 
38. Kyrle eledson. 

In the Blatter fSr Hymndogie, 1883, Dr. 
Danneil arranges Luther's hymns according to 
what be thinks their adaptation to modern 
German C. U., as follows ;— 

I. Hyams which ooght to be locloded ia every (food 
Evangelical hymn-book : No*. 7-ts, M, it, J8,S»,30, 
33, 34, 36, 38, 38, 

II. Hymns the reception of which lato a hymn-book 
might be contested : Bos. a, 3, 4, 1», 31, S3, 13, 21, 16, 
33. 

ill. Hymns not Baited for a hymn-book : Noe, 1, 6, S, 
OT, 31, ST. 

The whole of these 38 pieces are annotated 
in the body of this Dictionary under their first 
lines, except Nos. l^, 11, wbich are noted 
under the first lines given in italics. [J. M.] 

Xmx alma Jeem mentium. St. Ber- 
nard. [The Transfiguration.'] In the revised 
Soman Breviary, 1568, a cento from St Ber- 
nard's "Jeeu dulcis memoria" (q. v.), begin- 
ning " Amor Jesu dulcissime " [not flio cento 
in H. A. & M., "Jesu, Thy mercies are un- 
told," noted on p, EST, 1. (iii.)], was appointed 
for Lauds on the Festival of Uie Transfigura- 
tion. The lines were taken from St Bernard's 
poem without the least regard to their original 
connection, and were considerably altered to 
adapt them to their purpose. We give this 
altered test below from the Bom. Brew., pub. 
at Borne in 1570, p. 778. In the Bom, Bret. 
revised under Urban VIIL, 1632, it was recast 
as " Lux alma Jesu mentium,*' and this recast 
has been repeated in all subsequent editions 
of that revision. The two forms of the cento 
are as Follows : — 



Raman Breviary, 1633, 
: Lux alma Jesu mentium 
Dum cords, nostra re- 
dress, 
Culpae fugas callglaem, 
Et nos reples dulcedlne. 
' Qwun laetas est quern 
vtsltssl 
Ooasors Patemae dexte* 

rae, 
Tu dutce lumea patriae, 
Carols negalnm scast- 

bu?. 
' Splendor Paternae glo- 

riae, 
Incomprehensa charims, 
Nobie amorls coptam 
Lorglre per prscsen- 
tium." 

It will be noted that 1. 9, " Splendor Pater- 
nae," is the first line of the well-known Am- 
brosian hymn, and is not from St. Bernard's 
poem. [J, M.] 

The older of the above centof has not been 



Rffm-an Breviary, 166S. 
'■' Amor Jesu dnldaslme, 
Quando cor nostrdEn vl* 

sitae, 
Pellls mentis callgtnem, 
Et nos rcplea duloodlne. 
w Qoam felli eet, quern 

aatlsa, 
Consors Pateroae de^te- 

™el 
Tu veraelomen patriae, 
Quod omnem seneum su- 

perct. 
* Splendor PaternaeDlorlae, 
Incompreheoea bonltas, 
Amoris toi coplam, 
Da noble per praesen* 

tiom." 



LUX ILLUXIT 

Ir. into English, The trs. of the In alma 
Jem mentium are : — 

1. Lifbt of the anxtooa heart, Jon, Thou deat 
appear. By Caul. Newman, in Tracts /or Ms 
Zi'nws, 1836, No. 75, p. lift; and again In hia 
Verses on Furious Occasions, 1888, p. 231. It 
has been repeated in several collection!, but 
must be distinguished from E. Campbell's tr. as 
given below. 

I, Light of the will, Saviour blest. By E. 
Caswall, in his Lyra CatAoliea, 1849, p. 168; 
and bis Hys. $ Poems, 1873, p. 91, This ia in 
several modern hymn-books. 

S. Light of the anxious heart, Jura, Thy sup- 
pliants sheer. By E. Campbell, in his Jfys, # 
Anthmis, 1850, p. 56. In 0. Shipley's Atoms 
Sanctus, 1884, it is given from Campbell's HS3. 
as, "light of the troubled heart." 

Other bi. are : — > 

t. OCbrlgt.wlicn'rbyobasteUgbt inspires. Primer. 
1J06 nnd 1133. 

1. Jean, Light of sonla Indwelling. W. J. Copeland, 
1848. 

3. O Jesus, when Thy sweetest light. I. WaUaet. 
"'*. [J. J.] 

Iiilx illvudt triumphalis. [Common of 
Saints.] In a Paris Missal of the beginning 
of the 14th cent, now ia the Britiah Museum 
(Add. 16905, I 2546) this is given as a se- 
quence on St Germain, Bishop of Paris 
(commemorated on May 28 ; not St Germain 
of Auxerre) ; and in another Missal of the 
same date, probably also of the Parts use 
(HarL 2891, f. 359). The same text ia in 
CUchtovaeus, od. 1556, Bk. it. f. 21S. The 
form tr. into English is that lit J. M. Herat's 
Paradistts animae Christianae, Cologne, 1644, 
p. 118 (not in the 1st, ed. 1630), where it is a 
General Hymn for Saints' Day* (" Hymnua 
Communis in festo cujuacunque Sanoti "), and 
has 14 si In the 1863 ed. ot tbe Appendix to 
the Hymnal Noted it is tr. in 8 st by T, I. Ball 
as, "Glad light illumes this day." This is 
repeated in 5 st, in the S. P. V. K. Church 
Kyev, 1871. Another tr. is, " Hail, the festal 
morn begun," in the tr. of The Paradise of the 
Christian Soul, pub. by Burns, Loud., 1850, 
p. 141, [J.M.] 

Lux jueunda, lux insignia. Adam of 

St. Viator. [Whitsuntide.'] The text of this 
fine sequence is given by G&utier in his 
Oeuvrts poet&aues If Adam (1858, L p. 107; 
1881, p. 50), from various uas., including two 
in tbe National Library at Paria, No. 1139, 
a Limoges Scqueutiary of the 12th cent. ; 
No. 15615, a Paris Gradual of the 13tb 
cent. It is also in two earl; 14th cent Parts 
Missals in the British Muaenm (Add. 16905, 
f.175; Harl. 2891, f. 848); and in theSorum, 
York, and St. Andrews Missals. It does not 
seem to have been used ia Germany, though 
Daniel, ii. 71, in giving tbe text, jnatly styles 
it ■' inferior to none, superior to most ; breath- 
ing nothing but the flowers and odours of 
Holy Scripture." Glichtemteus, Abp. Trench, 
and Wrangham explain the poet's allusions to 
the various Scripture types. The main uses 
were :— St. "Victor appointed it for Monday in 
WhitsanWeek; Paris for Tuesday; the Sa- 
rum for Wednesday ; while the York gave part 
first (reading "Laus incuoda") for Friday, and 
part second (" Consolator aJme '*) for Saturday. 

[Wm. CJ 



LYNCH, THOMAS T. 



705 



The trs. of this Sequence in C. U. are: — 

1. Lux jmmade, lux l««<|p<- = Hay all jubilant, 
all iplwuJU, Pt L 

s, o qun felix, qnam fostlva = the joy, the 
exultation, Pt ii. 

1. Ooasolatar sine, vent = Comforter, piaaeia aal 
oheer ui. Ft. iii. 

This tr. was made by C. S. Calverley for the 
Hytanary in which it was pnb. in 1872, 

Other til. are i — 

I. Day of pleasure, day of wonder. H, Kynsston, En 
his Occasional flyt., 1861. 

a. The illustrious Day when from the throne. C. B. 
Pearson, En The Sarttm Xistal in Englith, 1BSS, and 
Us Scmenceifrtm the g&rwn Xttah taji. 

3. Day delightful, day most noted. By D. S. Wrang> 
bam, in his Liturgical Poetry of Adam of St. Titter, 
1881, together with the original Latin. [J, J.] 

Lynch, Thomas Toke, was b. at Dun- 
mow, Essex, July 5, 1818, and educated at a 
school at Islington, in which he was after- 
wards an usher. For a few months he was 
a student at the Highbury Independent Col- 
lege ; but withdrew, partly on account of 
failing health, and partly because his spirit was 
too free to submit to the routine of College 
life. From 1847 to 1849 he wai Minister of 
a email charge at Higbgate, and from 1849 to 
1852 of a congregation in Mortimer Street, 
which Bubsequentlymigrated to Grafton Street, 
Fitzroy Square. From 1856 to 1859 he was 
laid aside by illness. In 1860 he resumed his 
ministry with his old congregation, in a room 
in Gower Street, where he remained until the 
opening of his new place of worship, in 1862, 
(Morniiigton Church), in Hampatead Boad, 
London. He ministered there till his death, 
on the 9th of May, 1871. 

Tbe Eminence of lunch's ministry was great, and 
reached fir beyond hfs own congregation (which was 
never larger since it included many students from tbe 
Theological Colleges of London, and thoughtful men 
from other churches, who were attracted to nun by the 
freshness and spirituality of his preaching;. His prose 
works were numerous, negumlni with TkougUt ana, 
Say, 1841, and concluding wStU The Momington Ltc- 
turt, 1810. Several of bis works were published after 
bis death. His Jfcatoir, by W. White, was pub. In 1814, 

Lynoh's hymns were pub. in : — 

The Rimdtt : a Contribution tt> Sacred Song, Loud., 
Longman, 1855, 2nd ed., 1858. This was enUnred by 
an addition of e! hymns in IMS. 

From the let ed, of the Rivulet, 1855, the 
following hymns have come into C. U. : — 
1 All faded Is the glowing light. Second Advent. 
St, Be Thy word with power fraught. Before Sermon. 
3 Christ In His word draws near. Hotg Scripture. 
1, Dismiss me not Thy service. Lord. Work for 

6. Gracious Spltit, dwell with me. Boly Spirits 
pretence detirsJ. 

ft. How calmly the evening once more Is descending. 
Swaing. Sometimes "How calmly once more the 
night Is deacendtng." 

I I give myself to prayer. Proffer in lYouWe. 

8. Lord, on Thy returning day. PiMic Mor»*(j>. 

». Lord, wheninsilentboorslmMe. Betignatian. 

10. Love me, Lord, foririvbjgly. Xctigmi&an. 

II. Mountains by the darkness hidden. Resignation. 

18. Now have we met that we may ask. P. Wortkip. 
ia. O, bresk my heart ; but break it as a fleld. Peni- 

fence Retired. 

11. O Lord, Thou art not fickle. Sympathy. 

is. where is He that trod the sea. Ckriit Waiting 
on the Sea. . T 

16. Oft when of God we ask. Trutt in Trial. 

17. Rise, He calleth thee, arise. ■BKitd' ^or««ariit. 
is. Say not, my eonl, from whence. Resignation. 

19, Where is thy God, my aoul [ Retignatian ok& 
Rape. 



708 LYTB, HENEY PBANCIS 

There are also from the 185G and 1868 eds. 
the following : — 
20* A thousand years have come and gone* Christ- 

ma *- . 

21. Lift up your heads, rejoice: (18560 Advent. 

22. Fraying by the river tide /fc>Zy itarjWm. 

23. The Lord is rich and merciful. Have F&iih in <7p& 

24. There is purpose in this waste, Eas ter. 
Lynch's hymns are marked bjr intense indi- 
viduality, gracefulness and felicity of diction, 
pictnresqneness, spiritual freshness, and the 
sadness of a powerful soul struggling with a 
■wenk and emaciated body. Although The 
Bimdet was pub. for uso by hie own congre- 
gation »s a supplement to Watts, moro tWu 
one half of the hymns were designed for pri- 
vate use only, but were not so distinguished 
in the work. Its publication caused one of the 
most bitter hymnological controversies known 
in the annals of modern Congregationalism. 
Time, however, and a criticism, broader and 
more just, have declared emphatically in 
favour of his hymns as valuable contribu- 
tions to cultured snored song. [W. G, H.] 

Lyte, Henry Francis, m.a., s, of Cap- 
tain Thomas Lyte, was b. at Ednam, near 
Kelso, June 1, 1793, and educated at Portora 
(the Royal School of Ennisfcillen), and at 
Trinity College, Dublin, of which he was a 
Scholar, and where he graduated in 1814. 
During his University course ho distinguished 
himself by gainiog the English prize poem on 
three occasions. At one time he had intended 
studying Medicine ; but this he abandoned 
for Theology, and took Holy Orders in 1815, 
his first curacy being in the neighbourhood of 
Wexford. In 1817, he removed to Marazion, 
in Cornwall. There, in 1818, he underwent 
a great spiritual change, which shaped and 
influenced the whole of his after life, the im- 
mediate cause being the illness and death of 
a brother clergyman. Lyte says of him :-~ 

" He died happy under the belief that though he bad 
deeply erred, there was One whose death and sufferings 
would atone for bis delinquencies, and be accepted for 
all that he had Incurred;" 
and concerning himself he adds : — 

" I was greatly affected by the whole matter, and 
brought to look at life and its Issue with a different eye 
than before; andl began to study my Bible, and preach 
In another manner than I had previously done." 

From Marazion he removed, in 1810, to 
Lymington, where he composed his Tales on 
the Lord's Prayer in verse (pub. in 1826) ; 
and in 1823 he was appointed Perpetual 
Curate of Lower Brixhara, Devon. That 
appointment he held until his death, on 
Nov. 20, 1847. His Poem* of Menry Vaughan, 
with a, Memoir, were pub. in 1846. His own 
Poetical works were;— 

(1) Foems chiefly Religiout, 1S33 \ 2nd ed. enlarged, 
1845. (2) The spirit of the Psalms, 1834, -written in 
tiie first instance for use in his own Church at Lower 
Brixbam, and enlarged in 1336 ; (3) Miscellaneous 
Poems (posthumously) in 1S68, This last is a reprint 
of the 1S4B ed. of his Foems t with <l Abide with me" 
added. (4) Btmains, I860. 

Lyte's Poems have been somewhat freely 
drawn upon by hymnal compilers ; but by far 
the larger portion of his hymns found in 
modern collections arc from his Spirit of the 
Psalms. In America his hymns are very 
popular. In many instances, however, through 
mistaking Miss Auber*s (q. v.) Spirit of the 
Psalms, 1829, for his, he is credited with more 
than is his due. The Andover SalhaihH, Bk., 



LYTE, HENRY PBANCIS 

1858, is specially at fault in this respect. The 
best known aud most widely used of his com- 
positions are "Abide with me, fast falls the 
eventide"; "Far from my heavenly home"; 
"God of mercy, God of grace"; "Pleasant 
are Thy courts above " ; " Praise, my soul, the 
King of heaven" ; and " There is a safe and 
secret place." These and several others arc 
annotated under their respective first lines: 
the rest in C U. are :— 

i. Prom his Poems chiefiy Religious, 1833 
and 1845. 

1. Above me hangs the silent aky. Jbr Use at &o. 

2. Again, O Lord, 1 ope mine eyes, Jfyrning. 

3. Hail to another Year. JVew Year. 

4. How good, how faithful, Lord, art Thou. Divine 
care of Men. 

5. In tears and trials we must sow (1&45). Sairout 
follouxd bu Joy. 

6. My [our] rest is la heaven, my [our] rest is not 
here. Iteaven our Home. 

1. O Lord, how infinite Thy love. Tke Low of (.'0* 
in Christ. 

3, Omniscient God, Thine eye divine. The Bolu 
Ghost Omniscient, 

9, The leaves around me falling. Autumn. 

10. The Lord hath builded for Himself, The Universe 
the Taspte of God. 

11. Vain were all our toil and labour. Success is of 
God. 

15. When at Thy footstool, Lord, I bend. Lent. 

13. When earthly Joys glide swift away, Ps. di. 

14. Wilt Thou return to me, O Lord. Lent. 

16. With Joy we bail the sacred day. Sunday. 
ii. From his Spirit of the Psalms, 1834. 
16. Be merciful to us, O God. Pi.lvii. 

1?. Blest Is the man who knows the Lord. Ps. cxii. 

18. Blest is the man whose spirit shares. Pt. xli. 

19. From depths of woe to God 1 cry, Ps. cxmx. 

20. Gently, gently lay Thy rod, Ps. vi. 

21. Glorious Shepherd of Ihe sheep. Ps. xxiii. 

22. Glory and praise to Jehovah on high. Ft. xxke. 

23. God m His Church is known. Pa. Ixxri. 

24. God la our Refuge, tried and proved. Ps. xlni. 
26, Great Source of my being. Ps. Ixxiii. 

26. Hear, O Lord, our supplication. Ps. Ixiv. 

27. How blest tbeman who ftars the Lord. Ft. exxriii. 

25. Humble, Lord, my haughty spirit, Ps. exxxi. 

29. In this wide, weary world of care. Ft. cinii. 

30. In vain the powers of darkness try. Pa, Hi. 

31. Jehovah speaks, let man be awed. Fs. xlix. 

32. Judge me, Lord, and try my heart. Ps. xxvi. 

33. Judge me, O Lord, to Thee I fly. Ps. xliii. 

34. Lord, I have sinned, but O forgive, pi. xli. 
36. Lord, my God, In Thee I trust. Pi. vii. 

36, I^TnoftheTeaLmsahove,OurProphet,&c. Fs.ziv, 

37. Lone amidst the dead and dying. Fs. to", 
3s, Lord God of my salvation. Fs. ixxxviii. 
30. Lord, I look to Thee for alt. Fs. xxxi. 

40. Lord, I would stand with thoughtful eye. Ps. Ixix. 

41. Lord, my God, In Thee I trust. Ps. tjfi. 

42. My God, my King, Thy praise 1 sing. Fs. cviii. 

43. My God, what monuments 1 se*. Ps. xxzvi. 

44. My spirit on [to] Thy care. Ps. mi 
46. My trust Is in. the Lord. Pj. xi. 

46. Not unto us, Almighty Lord [God]. Pa, cxv. 
it. God of glory, God of grace. Pa, xc. 
48, God of love, how bleat are they, Ps. xxxvii. 
40. O God of love, my God Tbon art. Ps. Ixiii, 

60. God of truth and grace. Ps. mtii. 

61. had I, my Saviour, the wings of a dove. Pr.Iu, 

62. how blest the congregation. Fs, txxxix. 

63. bow safe and [how] happy be. Pa. jrct. 

64. plead my cause, my Saviour plead, Ps. zxzv. 

65. praise the Lord, 'tis sweet to raise. Ps. cxlvii. 

66. O praise the Lord ; ye nations, pour. Ps. cxvii. 
ST. O praise ye the Lord With heart, &c. Ps. cxlue. 
63, 6 that the Lord's salvation. Pj, xiv. 

69. O Tbon Whom thoughtless men condemn. Pi. 

XXKVt. 

60. Of every earthly stay bereft. Pj. Ixxiv, 

61. Our hearts shall praise Thee, God of love, Ps. 
exxxviii. 

62. Pilgrims here on earth and strangers. Pa. xot. 
S3. Praise for Thee, Lord, in Zion waits. Ft, Ixo. 
04, Pralee to God on high be given, Fs. exxxie. 

66. Praise ye the Lord, His servants, raise, Ps. cxiii. 
66. Kedeem'd from guilt, redeem'd fromfear*. Pi. 
exvi. 



LTTH, JOHN 

SI. Save mo by Thy glorious name. Ps. tir. 
6S. Stout, ye people, clap your hands. Pt. gjrfi. 
88. Sing to the Lord our might. /"). Jaiif. 
10. strangers and pilgrims here below, pt. da. 

71. Sweet Is the solemn voice that calls. Pi. c£2ti» 

72. The Church of God below. Pt. txxxvii. 

IS. The Lord Is Xing, 1st earth be glad. Pi. swuti. 

Vt. The Lord is on His throne, w. Mrfu. 

75. The Lord is our Refuge, the Lord is our Guide. 
ft. slvi. 

Ja. The mercies of my Ood and King. Pi. Ixxxix. 

It. This Lord Who died on earth for men* Ft. ni 

i&. J Tis a plsasaot thing to fee. Ps. exxxiii. 

T&, Thy promise. Lord, la perfect pence. J 1 *. Hi. 

SO. Unto Tboe I lift wino imj] eyes. ft. exxiii. 

ai. lVboro shall [should] welove like Thee f fj. xviii. 

Lite's versions of the Psalms Eire criticised 
in the article FsalUra, English, 8 xvu., where 
their sadness, toaderness and beauty are set 
forth. His hymns in the Poems are charac- 
terized by the samo features, and rarely swell 
out into joy und gladness. [J. J.] 

Lyth, John, d.d., was b. at York, March 
13, 1821. In 1S4S he entered the Wesloyan 
ministry, and wbb sent in 1859 to Winnenden, 
as the first Wesloyan minister to Germany. 
On his return from Germany iu 1865, he 
entered npon regular circuit work in G. 
Britain, and laboured at Sheffield, Hull, and 
other large towns until 1883, when he retired 
from the active work of the ministry. He d. 
on March 13, 1886. His principal prose work 
was a History of Methodism in York, In 1843 
ho edited and published a small volume, en- 
titled Wild Flowers ; or, a Selection of Original 
Poetry, edited by J. L. This little work was 
made up of pieces by himsel C and members of his 
family, and the lata Dr. Punshon. His hymn, 
" There is a better world, they say" (Heaven), 
appeared in the Meth. Scholar* H. Bk., 1870 ; 
and hU " We won't give up the Sabbath '* (Sun- 
day), in the Meth. S. S. 3. Pfc„ 1879. Each of 
these is au imitation of an older hymn. Dr. 
Lyth informed the Rev. W. F. Stevenson, 
editor of Hys. for Ch. and Home, 1873, that the 
hymn " There is a better world, they say," 
"Was written at Stroud, In Gloucestershire (30th 
April, 1S46) for the anniversary of the neighbouring 
tntant-scbool at Eandwich, una to an air then very 

aular, caUwt'All Is Well.' That it was written for 
nt children will explain the simplicity of some of the 
expressions. It was speedily caught up, and I believe 
first appeared in. (be Hwne Wtd School B$mn Book." 
(Blog. Index.]) [J. J.] 



VL, in the Bristol Bap. Coll. of Ash & 
Evans, 1769, Le. James Merrick. 

ML, in the People's Hymnal, 1867, i.e. 
Gerard Moultrie. 

HL B. W,, in Hys.for Vie Church Catholie, 
1882, he. Mary Bradford Whiting, 

VL C, in the Bristol Bap. Coll., 1769, i.e. 
Madan'e Coll. 

M. C. C, in Walker's Cheltenham Pa. & 
Hys„ 1855, i.e. Lady M. C. Campbell. 

H. D. M., in the People's Hymnal, 1S67, 
i.e. Mary Cunfop Moultrd. 

M. O. T,, in the American Bap. Service of 
Song, 1871, i,e. M, G. Thomson. 



MACDONALD, GEORGE 



707 



M. In., in Catholic Hys., Lond., Burns, 
1851, ed. by Rev. H. Formby, i.e. Jane E. 
Leeson. 

McALL, Robert Stephens, ll.d., b. of 
the Rev. Robert McAtl, was b. at Plymouth, 
Aug. 4, 1792, and educated at Axminster, 
Devon ; Hoxton, London ; and Edinburgh Uni- 
versity. He graduated m.a. at Edinburgh in 
1813, and gave himself for a time to the study 
of medicine. He was for some time Chaplain of 
the Macclesfield School, and from 1814 to 1826 
minister of St. George's Chapel in the same 
town. In 1827 be beoame minister of Mosley 
Street Chapel, Manchester, and held the same 
to his death on July 27, 1838, In 1812 ho 
contributed lo Dr. CoHyer's Coll. 8 hymns, 
which appeared as by "it, a. jr." Through 
one of these, " HarkI how the choral song of 
heaven " (The Song of Heaven), he is some- 
what widely known to hymnody. 11 is Psalms 
and Hymns for Public Worship, Macclesfield, 
J. Swinnertan, N. ». [circa 1823], was pub. 
without Preface, or mimes of authors. Not 
one of the 8 hymns contributed by Mm to 
CoHyer's Coll. is therein, and there is nothing 
to show which are his original compositions. 

[F. J. F.] 

MeCheyne, Robert Murray, s. of 
Adam McCheyne, W. S., was b. at Edinburgh, 
May 21, 1813, and educated at Edinburgh 
University. In 1835 he became Assistant at 
Larbert,nearStiriiog,andwasordaincdinl836 
Minister of St. Peter's Established Church, 
Dundee. In 1839 he wont to Palestine 
as one of the Mission of Enquiry to the Jews 
from the Church of Scotland. He d. at 
Dundee, March 25, 1843. His hymns, a few 
of which were written in Palestine, appeared 
in his 

Bang* qf Zion to cheer and guide Pilgrims on their 
way to the Afetp tRntiaton, By the late Bev. P. JL 
MbCkeyne .... Dundee, W. Mid&tettm, 1843, 

These hymns were reprinted in his Memoir 
and Betnains, edited by Dr. Andrew A. Bonar, 
1844. The Songs as reprinted in 1844 num- 
ber 14, and date from 1331 to 1841. The best 
known are, " I once was a stranger to grace 
and to God;" and, "When this passing world 
is done." In addition, "Beneath Moriah's 
rocky side," written at the " Foot of Oarmel, 
June, 1839 " (Sent from God) ; " Like mist 
on the mountains," written "Jan. 1st, 1831" 
(Children called to Chritt), and " Ten Virgins, 
clothed in white " (Tie Ten Virgin*), dated 
1841, are in C. U. [J. M.] 

Maedonald, George, ll.ii., was b. at 
Huntly, Aberdeenshire, Dec 10, 1824, and 
educated at King's College, Aberdeen, where 
be graduated m.a., aud from which be after- 
wards received the honorary degree of thJ>. 
For a brief time ho studied for the Congrega- 
tional ministry at Highbury College, London, 
and then became the Minister of the Congre- 
gational Church at Arundel, Sussex (1850-53). 
He afterwards preached for a short time to a 
small company at Manchester and Bolton. 
KelinquisMug the ministry, he became Lec- 
turer on English Literature at King's Col- 
lege, London, aud ultimately gave himself up 
entirely to literary work. Dr. Macdonalil has 
acquired a great reputation by meaua of his 
works of fiction, most of which were originally 



708 MACDDPP, JOHN ROSS 

contributed to magazines, and the most not- 
able of which, are David Elginbrod ; Robert 
Falconer ; Aleo Forbes of Howglen ; and 
Annals of a Quiet Neighbourhood. He was 
some time Editor of Good Word) for ike 
Young, and wrote England's Antiphon tot 
Macmlllan's Sunday Library. His poetical 
works are : — 

f 1) Within and Without, 1816 ; (a) The Disciple, and 
Otter Foam, 1860; (3) The Diary of an Old Soul 
(printed fbr private circulation), 1867"; (4) Xxoticl. a 
volume of trs. ftom the German Cm 061 of "Which first 
appeared In tha Sunday Migatiwi), 18*6; end (s) J 
rtre^otd Cord, 1883, pirtof which previously appeared 
In his lrw*i qf Jnney and /magination, lu vols., 1811. 

Most of his original hymns were contributed 
to Hys. and Sacred Songs for Sunday Schools 
and Social Worship, Ac., pub. by Fletohcr 
and Tubbs, Manchester, in 1855 (2nd. ed., 
1856), and of which his brother, and the Rev. 
O, B. Bubier (p. 190, ii.) were the editors. The 
original hymns, which are signed "G. Mac- 
donald,"* in this collection are:— 

I. A quiet heart, submissive, meek. The Male in- 
herit the Earth. 

S. Daylight fades away. Second Advent. 

3. Father, I well may praise Thy name. Sunday 
Morning. 

4. Father, these souls of ours have heen. Blcstedarc 
the Part in Heart. 

5. If ¥t were longing for the food. BUned art they 
that Hunger and Thxrit after Righteousness. 

6. It was an awful hour that gave. Blessed art the 
Merciful. 

t. Let Thy own voice, Father, say. Blessed are 
they that mourn. 

s. Son of Man, Thy Name by choice. Blessed are 
the Meek. 

8, Our Father, hear our longing prayer. Blessed are 
the Poor in Spirit. 

Some of these hymns were afterwards re- 
vised by their author. The next two are 
from The Disciple, and Other Foems, 1860 :— 

10. O God, Whose daylight leadeth down. Evening. 

II. O Lord [God] of life. Thy quickening voice. 
Morning. 

Dr. Macdonald's hymns are rich in ideas, 
but are touched with a mysticism which 
renders them a little difficult of apprehension. 
They are however of great value in sotting 
forth truths rarely expressed in hymns, and 
are likely to grow in favour. \yf. G. H] 

Macduff, John Bobs, d.d., second s. 
of Alexander Macduff, of Bonbard, near Perth, 
was b. at Bunhard, May 23, 1818. After 
studying at the University pf Edinburgh, he 
became in 1842 parish minister of Kettins, 
Forfarshire, in 1819 of St. Madoes, Perthshire, 
and in 1855 of Sandytbrd, Glasgow. He 
received the degree of tj.d. from the Univer- 
sity of Glasgow in 1862, and about the same 
time ako from the University of New York. 
He retired from pastoral work in 1871, and 
now [1887] lives at Chislehurst, Kent. He 
has published many practical and devotional 
works which have attained a wide circulation. 
In 1857 ho was appointed by the General 
Assembly a member of their Hymnal Com- 
mittee. His 31 hymns appeared in his Altar 
Stones, 1853, and were also included with his 
later poems in his The Gates of Praise, 1876. 
Of these hymns the following are in O. U. : — 

I. Christ la comine ! Let creation. &cond Advent. 

a. Eternal Rock ! To Thee I See. (1863.) Chriit the 
Bock. 

3. Everlasting arms of love. (1853.) Support in 
Chriit. 

4. From Thy habitation holy. Whittuntide. 



MACKELLAB, THOMAS 

6. Hasten, Lord, that mom of glory. Second Advent. 

t. Jesus wept ! Those tears are over. (1S&S.) The 
raising vf Lararns. 

T. do not, blessed Lord, depart. Christ?! pretense 
desired. 

a. Where shall I look for holy calm. (1SGS,) Pat- 
sionti&t. 

9. Why should I murmur or repine ? Resignation. 

Of these hymns those dated 1853 are parts 
only of Dr. Macduff's originals. [J. M.] 

MacgtU, Hamilton Montgomerie, 

D.n,, youngest s. of ThomaB Maogill, was b. 
Mar. 10, 1807, at Catrine, Ayrshire. After 
studying at the University of Glasgow (which 
conferred upon him the degree of D.n. in 
1870), he became in 1837 joint minister of 
Duke St. United Presb. Church, Glasgow. In 
1840 he removed with a portion of his con- 
gregation to a new church in Montrose Street. 
He became, in 1858, Home Mission Secretary 
of the United Presbyterian Church, and in 
1868 Foreign Mission Secretary. Hed. June3, 
1880, at Paris, while on his way to recruit 
his health in the South of France. As a 
member of the Hymnal Committee of the U. P. 
Church in 1870-76, he contributed to their 
Presbyterian Hymnal, 1876, 5 trs. from the 
Latin (Nos. 29, 34, 95, 101, 299) and 1 from 
the Greek (No. 346). These ho subsequently 
included in his Songs of the Christian Creed 
and Life, 1876, a volume containing 6 trs. 
from the Greek; 68 from the Latin; and 27 
trs. from English into Latin verse, in all 101 
(No. 101 beingby himself). The introduction 
includes careful and interesting biographical 
and critical notices of the authors whose hymns 
are included ; and tho texts are given in 
Latin, Greek, and English. 



Many of the translations are exceedingly good, and 

and In the very first rank of modern English versions 

— their gracefulness and ease making them seem mora 



like original English hymns than translations. Sir 
Theodore Afartin paid the translations into Latin the 
high compliment of mistaking one of them for a medie- 
val hymn. In the edition of 1879, Dr. MacgUl made a 
number of verbal alterations, added two renderings from 
the Latin ("Jam moesta qnlesce querela" and"01uca 
qui mortahbus"). one from the Bohemian, one from the 
Spanish, and a latin version of " Art thou weary, art 
thou languid t PJ Twenty -two of his trs. tram the Latin 
and Greek bad appeared in the Juvenile Missionary 



Magasine of the u. P. Church between issa and lsfs. 
His ttt. are gradually coming into somewhat prominent 
»«e. p. M.] 

Mackay, Margaret, was b. in 1802, 
and the only daughter of Captain Robert 
Mackay, of Hedgefield, Inverness. She was 
married in 1820 to Major William Mackay, 
of the 68th Light Infantry (afterwards Lt. 
Colonel) a distinguished officer who d. in 1845. 
Mrs. Mackay d. at Cheltenham, Jan. 5, 1887. 
In addition to various prose works Mrs. Mackay 
pub. Thoughts Redeemed ; or Lays of Leisure 
Hours, 1854, which contained 72 original 
hymns and poems. Of these, "Asleepin Jeausl 
blessed sleep," is noted at p. W, ii, [J. M.] 

Kackellar, Thomas, was b. in New 

York, Aug, 12, 1812. At the age of 14 he 
entered the printing establishment of Harper 
Brothers. In 1833 he removed to Philadelphia 
and joined the type-foundry firm of Johnson & 
Smith, as proof reader. He subsequently 
became a foreman, and then a partner in that 
firm, which has been known from 1860 as 
Mackellar, Smiths, and Jordan, type-fouuders 
of Philadelphia. His publications ineluda 



MACLAGAN, WILLIAM D. 

The American Printer, 1866, a prose work, and 
the following in verse : — 

(1) Dropping* from, tht mart, ISiiJ (3) Job's 
Arbi^M JiomWe, 184J ; (3) Lines for tin GtaUt and 
Luting, 18M ; (4) atones Jiitxm rimer, ISIS. The 
lut contains some of his hymns. (M ityBMU and a/ew 
Jfetrfcal Palms, Pbila. 1838 (Tl hymns, 3 psalms), 
lad ed. I8SI CM bymns, 3 psalms). 

Those of his hymns in C. V. include :— 

1. At the door of merey slfhing. Xent. Pub. 
in his Rhyme$ Ataeen Times, 1872, as, "Long 
of restful peace forsaken," and again in Dr, 
Hitchcock's Hys. * Songs af Praise, 1874, as " At 
the door of mercy sighing." 

I. Beer die burden «f tie present. Resignation. 
Written in 1852, and pub. in his Lines for the 
Gentle and Loving, 1853; and Lyra Sacra 
Americana, 1668. Fart of this hymn, beginning 
"All unseen the Master walketh," is inC. U. in 
G. Britain. 

i. Book of put, and took ef glory. Holy 
Scripture. Written in 1843. It was given in the 
S. School Union (kill., 1860, and his Hys. and a 
few M. Psalms, fyc., 1883, and a few collections, 
including Alton's Children's Worship, 1878, &c. 

4, Draw nigh to the Holy, Jesus, the tout's 
Befuge. In Sumner's St,ngs of Zion, 1851, and 
the Lyra Sacra Americana, 1868, in 5 at. of 8 1. 

E. Father, in my lib's young; morning, A 
Child's Prayer. Written in 1841. 

5. In the vineyard of *«* Father. Work for 
Bod. Written in 1845. It was given in the 
Hys. for Church # Home, Philadelphia, 1860, 
and other collections. 

T. Jesus I Then my seal is parting. Continued 
presence of Jesus desired. Written in 1848, and 
included in Lyra Sacra Americana, 1868, in 4 
st of 6 ]., and entitled " Jesus first and last." 

I, There la a land immortal. Heaven, Mr, 
Hackellar says that this hymn was written 

"One evening as a fancy suddenly struck me of a 
religions nature, 1 laid aside the work In band, and 
pursuing the new idea, 1 at once produced the hymn, 
1 There la a land Immortal," and sent It to the editor [of 
Neale's Colette], who referred to It as a religious poem 
from ' Tarn,' my assumed name, under wnich I hod 
already acquired considerable notoriety. This was In 
1S4B. It was widely copied, and afterwsrds inserted in 
avolmnepobllshedbyme." Dnffield's EngUthMmni, 
ftc., 18S«,p.6S3. 

Mr. Maokellar is an Elder of the Presby- 
terian Church. [F. M. B.j 

Maclagan, William Dalrymple, d.d., 
s. of David Mndagan, M.S., was b. in Edin- 
burgh, June 18, 1826. In early life he entered 
the army, and served for some time in India. 
Betiring with the rank of lieutenant, lie 
entered St. Peter's College, Cambridge, where 
he graduated b.a. 1856 and m.a. in I860. 
Taking Holv Orders, he was curate of St, 
Saviour's, Psddington, 1856-58, and St. Ste- 
phen'?, Marylebono, 1858-60. He then be- 
came Secretary to the London Diocesan. 
Church Building Society, from 1860 to!865; 
curate of Enfield, 1865-69; Sector of New- 
ington, 1869-75; and Tiear of Kensington, 
1875-78. He wbb also Hon. Chaplain to the 
Queen, and Prebendary of Becnlverland in St. 
Paul's Cathedral, London. In 1878 he was 
consecrated Bishop of Lichfield. Bp. Mac- 
lagan's work has been mainly of a practical 
character, and his publications are few. The 
few hymns which he has written have been 
received with great favour, and create a desire 



MADAN, MAETIK 



709 



for more of the same kind and quality. The 
following are in C. U. :— 

1. Again the trumpet sounds. Jtiu&mr. Written 
aboutmo. Appeared In the B. A, A M, series of flji, 
far Mitsion Services. ia>l . 

I, Be still, my soul, for God I* near. Bolt) Commu- 
nion. PartlL Is "0 Body, broken for my sske." Written 
about 1813 for 3t. Mary's, Hewtngton. la Turing's CoU., 

1882. 

3, Boty Spirit, Lord of love. Confirmation. Written 
about 1873, and nob. in Mrs. C, Brock's CMl&rtn'i B. 
Bk., 1SS4, 

t. It is finished, bleated Jesus [Saviour], flood 
Friday. Written tvtH.A.& M-, IS7B, In several col- 
lections. 

5, Lord, when rhy wi„-*mi tomes, remember as, 
Oood Friday. Written for the ISIS ed. of B. A. * it. 
Sometimes given in two partB : Pt, U. beginning " Lord, 
irben with (bring lips my prayer f s said." 

6, The Saint* of God their oonfliet past. All Saints. 
First puti. inC&urcA Bells, 18)0 1 and again in tbe S. P. 
C. X. Cnure* Byt., 1ST1. 

7, What thanks and praise to Thee wt owe, St. 
ZmIx. Written for the 18TB ed. of M. A.AM. 

These hymns are of more than usual merit, 
being characterized by great simplicity, tender- 
ness, and fervour. The special season or 
purpose is clearly indicated, and its lessons 
earnestly enforced. [J. J.j 

Maoleod, fforman, dji, s, of Dr. 
Norman Macleod, was b. at Campbelton, 
Argyleshire, June 3, 1812. He studied at 
the Universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh, 
then went to Germany, and subsequently 
completed his course at the University of 
Glasgow, ftom which, in 1858, he received the 
degree of d.d. In 1838 he was appointed 
parish minister of Loudoun) Ayrshire, in 1648 
of Dalkeith, and in 1851 of the Barony, Glas- 
gow. He became one of the Queen's Chap- 
lains in 1841, and in I860 the editor of Qood 
Words, which he continued to edit till his 
death. He waB one of the most influential 
ministers in the Established Church of Scot- 
land, and was Moderator of the General As- 
sembly in 1869. He d. at Glasgow, June 16, 
and was buried at Campsie, Juue 20, 1872. 
His works are numerous and populnr. He 
was appointed a member of the Assembly's 
Hymnal Committee in 1654 and 1855, His 
best known hymn, " Trust in God, and do the 
right" {Bight Doing), appeared in January 
1857, in 77ie Edinburgh Christian Magazine, 
of which he was for some years the editor. 

[J. M.] 

Madan, Judith, n6a Cowper, was the 

only daughter of the Hon. Spencer Cowper, 
tbe wife of Colonel Martin Madan (d. 1736), 
and the mother of Martin Madan, and of Dr. 
Spencer Madan, sometime Bishop of Peter- 
borough. She had some repute as a writer of 
verse. Her Burial Hymn, " In this world of 
sin and sorrow," appeared in the 1763 
Appendix to her son's Pi. & Hys. in 2 St. of 
81. It has been repeated in several collec- 
tions in G. Britain and America, and is, 
given without alteration in Lyra Brit. 1867, 
p. 659. We have failed to ascertain the date 
of Mrs. Madan's birth or death. [J. J.] 

Madam, Martin, a. of Colonel Martin 
Madan, and brother of Dr. Spencer Madan, 
sometime Bishop of Peterborough, was b. in 
1726. He was to have qualified for the Bar, 
but through a sermon by J. Wesley on the 
words " Prepare to meet thy God," the whole 
current of his life was changed. After some 



MO 



MAEKENTES OCULI 



difficulty he received Holy Orders, and sub- 
sequently founded end became ohaplain of the 
Look Hospital, Hyde Park Corner. He was 
popular as a preacher, and bad no inconsider- 
able reputation as a musical composer. He 
ceased preaching on the publication of Lis 
work Thdyphthora, in which he advocated the 
practice or polygamy. He d. in 1790. He 
pub. A Commentary on Vie Articles of the 
Church of England ; A Treatise on tlie Chris' 
Man Faith, &c., and f — 

A CMtwKm of Psalm* and JBjimfli Extracted from 
FaWous Author*, and jwoKsaeA by tfte Eevermd Mr. 
Madan. London, 1760. 

ThU CoU. contained 170 hymns thrown 
together without order or system of any kind. 
In 1763 he added an Appendix of 24 hymns, 
ThU CoU., referred to in this Dictionary as 
Madan, and Madan's Ps. <fc Hys., had for many 
years a most powerful influence on the hym- 
nody of the Churoh of England. Nearly the 
whole of itB contents, together with its ex- 
tensively altered texts, were reprinted in 
numerous hymn-books for nearly one hundred 
years. At the present time many of the great 
hymns of the last century are in use as altered 
by him tn 1760 and 1763: Although several 
hymns have been attributed to him, we have 
no evidence that he ever wrote one. His 
hjmnological labours were employed in alter- 
ing, piecing, and expanding the work of 
others. And in this he was most successful, 

[J. J.] 

Maerentes ootili Bpargite laehrymas. 

Fatsiontide, This hymn, which sometimes 
begins "Moerentes oouli," is the hymn at 
Vespers in the Office of the Passion of our 
Lord Jesus Christ, which has been added to 
the Roman Breviary since 1740 (see " Aspiee 
infami Deus "), It is in the Soman Breviary, 
Bologna, 1827, Pars Hieroalhj, Supplement, 
p. 270, in 7 st. Tr. as :— 

Now let m» tit and weep, By E. Qtswnll. 1st 
pub. in his Lyra Cathdica, 1849, p. 63, in 7 st. 
of 4 1. ; and again in hia Hys. & Poems, 1873, 
p. 35. Id the Hymnary, 1872, it is altered to 
"Come let us sit and weep," 

Another te. ii : — . 

Ye weeping eyee, shed briny tears. J, Wallace, 1S7*. 

[J. M0 

Mag ioh TJngluck nicht wiederatehn, 
[Cross and Consolation.] Wachernagel, iii. 
pp. 118-121, gives four versions from a Niirn- 
berg broadsheet, circa 1526, the Erfurt G. B., 
1531, Ac The text in the Unv. L. 8., 1851, 
Ko. 634, follows that in the 1531, It is in 
3 Bt of 11 1., the two initial letteiB of st.i., ii. 
and the initial letter of st. iii,, giving the 
name Maria, 

In the Hdrnbetg broadsheet it la called "Queen Maria 
of Hungary's hymn/' and so in the Magdeburg G. -B.. 
1534, and many other later collections, It Is ascribed to 
her. She was sister of the'Emperor Charles V., and 
wife of King Lndnig U., of Hunrary, wbod. In 1626, 
she surviving till 1558. Both Waexeniaffd, and Laux- 
roaun In Xoch, vlll. 523, tbbi^ it was merely adopted 
by her as her hymn of consolation, and may have Been 
written for bet by Martin Luther. Had Luther written 
It, however, It is hardly lifcely that in the hymn-books 
edited by him or for him from King's G. B., 153s, to 
Babst's G. Jf., IMS, It would always have appeared 
without his name. 

The to*, are: — (1) Can I my fate no more withstand, 
by JKu Winkwsrth, 1S6S, p, 178. (2) I cannot ill 
suppress, orquelL hy Dr. G. Walker, 1860, p. 47, 



MAGDEBURG, JOACHIM 

Magdeburg, Joachim, was b. circa 1525 
at Gardelegen in the Altm&rk, He matriour 
latod at the University of Wittenberg, April, 
1544, and in 1546 was appointed rector of the 
school at Schoningen, near Helmstadt, Bruns- 
wick. He became pastor of Dannenberg in 
Ltineburg in 1547, hut being unable to exist 
on his slender income resigned in 1549, and in 
the same year became pastor of Salzwedel in 
the Altmark. But refusing to adopt the 
Roman ceremonies prescribed by the Act of 
Interim he was, in 1552 (Easter S., April 17) 
banished from the Electorate of Brandenburg, 
About May, 1552, by the influence of Johann 
Aepinus, Superintendent of Hamburg, he was 
appointed diaconus of St, Peter's Church in 
Hamburg, and there became acquainted with 
Flacius Illyricns [Matthias Flach, Extreme 
Lutheran, church historian, &c., d. at Frank- 
furt-am-Main, Murch 11, 1575]. After the 
death of Aepinus, May 13, 1553, Faulus von 
Eitzen, his successor, was not so friendly, and 
when, during the controversy in 1558 regard- 
ing Holy Communion, Magdeburg pub. a 
tractate without submitting it to the revision 
of Eitzen, the latter obtained the removal of 
Magdeburg from his post, May 25, 1558. Ho 
then went to Magdeburg to help his friend 
Flacius as one of the compilers of the Church 
history known as the Magdeburg Centuries. 
Shortly thereafter he was appointed pastor of 
Ossmanstedt in Thoringia ; but, as a follower 
of Flacius, was dispossessed, in 1562. He 
then stayed for longer or shorter periods with 
Count von Mansfeld, Baron von Schonburg 
and others, until, after the Emperor Maxi- 
milian II. had once more permitted Protestant 
preachers in Austria, he was, at Count von 
Mansfeld's recommendation, appointed by the 
commandant of Raftb in Hungary as regi- 
mental chaplain at Eaab in 1564, nnd, after 
his house there was burnt, at the castle of 
Grttfenworth (east of Krems), to the German- 
speaking Austrian troops. There he had to 
contend with the machinations of the Eoman 
clergy, and after joining with nineteen others 
of the Evangelical clergy in Austria in pre- 
senting a Confession of Faith to an Austrian 
Diet (Landtag), was compelled to leave ; and 
in 1571 we find him living at Erfurt. In 1581 
he was preacher at Efferding in Austria ; but 
in 1583 was expelled as an adherent of 
Flacius. His later history is unknown (if ocfc, 
i. 446 ; Allg. Deuticlie Biog. xx., 53, &c). 
Wachernagel, iii. pp. 1035-1042, gives five 
pieces under his name. The only one tr. into 
English is ;— 

TTer Gott vertrant, oat wool gebaut. Trust in 
God. Founded on Pa. lxxiii, 25, 26. Wacher- 
nagel, iii. p, 1042, prints st, i. from Magdeburg's 
Christliche und trdstliche Tisehgesenge, mit vier 
StfatTtten, Erfurt, 1572 (where it is the hymn 
for Saturday evening) j and thinks it probable, 
though not certain, that it is an original by 
MagdebuTg, In S, Calrisius's Hamftonia cantiO' 
nitm eccles&tsticamm, Leipzig, 1597, st. ii. and 
iii,, are first found, Laurmann in Koch, viii., 
373, thus sums up the evidence : — 

" From these circumstances it seems evident that the 
hymn originally consisted only of the first stanza, but 
that Magdeburg's authorship, in opposition to other 
claims [It has been ascribed to J. Kolross and to J. 
MQhlmann] Is beyond doubt," 



MAGNAE DEU8 POTENTIAE 

The teit of 1597 ia repeated in Waokemagel, 
Hi. p. 1043, and the Unv. L. 8., 1851, Ho. 642, 
in 3 at. of 8 (or 12) lines. Tr. as:— 

1. "Wlu trusts in Qod, hit work abides. By A. 
T. Russell, of rt. i., ii., as No. 230, in his Ps. & 
Hys. t 1651. 

8. Who pstta hi* trait in God mint Jnst, A good 
and full tr., by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra 
Gee., 2nd Sert., 1858, p. 193, and her C. B. for 
England, 1863, No. 145, Kepeated, slightly 
altered, in the Pennsylvania Lath. Church Bh., 
1868. 

3, Who trusts Id Qod n strong ahode, A good 
hut free tr. by Dr. B, H. Kennedy, as No. 486, 
In his Hymn. Christ,, 1863, repeated in J. L. 
Porter's Coll., 1876, and others. In Morrell 
and How's Ps. # Hys., 1864, No 208, it was 
considerably altered by Bp. How, and this form 
is repeated in the S. P. C, K. ChurckHys., 1871 ; 
Taring's Coll., 1882, and others; the Ba.pt, 
Hymnal, 1879, omitting the last four lines, and 
ascribing it, in error, to M. Lnther. 

Anothertr.il: "Who lives In God las safe abode," 
By Br. B. JftliJ, 1868, p. 2U. [J. ]tf.] 

Maglorionus, Santoliua. [Santeun, 
Claude da,] 

Magnae Dens potential. [JTwireday.] 
This hymn on the Fifth Day of the Creation 
has frequently been ascribed to St. Ambrose. 
It has many parallels in the 6th and 7th 
chapters of Mi Hescaemeron, but ia not assigned 
to him by the Benedictine editors, In an 
8th cent. us. at Trier cited by Mont, i. p. 372, 
it is given as the hymn at Vespers on Thurs- 
day, and this is the use of the Sawm, York, 
Soman, and other Breviaries. It ia found in 
three MSB. of the 11th cent, in the British 
Museum (Vesp. D. xii. f. 21 ; Jnl. A. vi. f. 
28b ; Harl. 2961, f. 223 6) j in three was. of the 
11th cent, at St. OaO, Nob. S87, 418, 414; 
in the Lat. Hye. of the Anglo-Saxon Oh., 1851, 
p. 25, printed from an 11th cent. MB. at Dor- 
ham (B, iii. 32, f . 8). It is also in Daniel, i., 
No. 58 ; iv. p. 52, from a Rheinau HS. of the 
10th cent., and in Card. Newman's Hymni Ee- 
elesiae, 1838 and 1865. [J, M.] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

t, O God, Who hut gins. By Card. Newman, 
pub. in his Verses on Religious Subjects, 1853, 
p. 100 (ed. 1868, p. 247). It is inclnded in the 
Msrqttess of Bute's Soman Breviary in English, 
1879. In W. J. Blow's The Church Hy. and 
Tune JUL, 1852-5, it was given as "Thou God 
of all power," and in this form it was repented 
in Rice's Sel. therefrom, 1870. 

S, Lord of all power 1 at whose command. By 
£. Canwall, in his Lyra Catholica, 1849, p. 28, 
and his Hys. and Poems, 1873, p. 17. In the 
People's H., 1867 J and the Bymnary, 1872. 

S. Almlfhtr Qod, "Who from the flood. By 
J. M. Heale, in the enlarged ed. of the H. Noted, 
1854. It is repeated in the ffyamer, 1882. 

Translation) not in 0. Tf. : — 

1. O God, Whose watery stores supply* Primer, 
11 06. 

2. God of *1L nature, great and good. ^P* Jfanl, 
last. 

3. That Qod, Whose awful power can take, Symna- 
tiwm Anglieanw*, 1844. 

4. Rod of mighty power, Lord. /. A. B. Mope, 
J $44, 

a. God, Who In wondrons might. W. J. Cap&tmi, 

IfHB. 



MALAN, HENBI A. C. 



711 



6. Almighty God, Whose sovereign will, f. B. 
Chambert, 1SST. 

». Great God of power,** Thy conunand. J. Walttue, 
UM - [J. J.] 

Magnificat. Metrical paraphrases of the 
Magnificat are not numerous, and are very 
rarely used. In the 1560 edition of the Old 
Version (§ iv., v., q.v.), a version appeared in 
10 &t, of 4 1., st. i. of which reads : — 



'■ My soul doth magnify the Lord, 
My spirit evermore 
Hejoiceth in the Lord, my God, 



Who is my Saviour.' 
This was repeated in subsequent editions of 
the Old Version, and was for some time the 
authorized metrical form of the Magnificat In 
use in the Church of England. 

2. lie New Version by Tate and Brady 
also contained a metrical paraphrase by Tale, 
which in time superseded that of the Old Ver- 
sion in public worship. In the Suppl. of 1702 
it appeared in 20 lines, beginning ; — 

" My soul and spirit, fill'd with Joy 
My God and Saviour praise. 
Whose goodness did from poor estate 
His humble naudmaid raise." 

This version continued in use until the New 
Version was swept away by the modern hymn- 
book. 

3. The history of the paraphrase iu the 
Scottish Translations and Paraphrases, 1781, 
which is Tate's version rewritten by W, 
Cameron, is given under " My soul and spirit 
filled with joy." 

4. Very few of the versifiers of the Psalms 
have added a paraphrase of this Canticle 
to their version of the Psalter. Dr. John 
Patrick is an exception. His rendering of 
the Magnificat in bis Ps, of David in Metre, 
1691, begins: — 

" My soul doth magnify the Lord, 
Transports of Joy my spirits raise ; 
And Qod my Saviour shall be 
The subject of my song of pralee." 

5. The version of the Magnificat by Dr. W. 
J. Irons, in Ms Ps. & Mys. for the Church, 
1875-83, is (t good rendering, and more in 
accordance with modern tastes than the above. 
It begins :— 

"My soul doth magnify the Lord, 
And God my Saviour sing; 
Hi* mighty power and grace hath wrought 
Forme this wondrous thing. " 

6. Other versions of the Magnificat are an- 
notated in full in this Dictionary, and may be 
found through the Index of Seasons and Suhjeots 
at the end. Its use, however, in any form 
except that in the Book of Common Prayer is 
very limited. [J. J. J 

Major, Joharm. [Entuius, ■.] 

Maker, Upholder, Ruler 1 Thee. J. 

Montgomery. [Doxalogu^ Written for the 
Sheffield Sunday School Union, "Whitsuntide 
gathering, April, 1830, and first printed on 
a fly-sheet for the occasion, [w. hbs,] In 1830 
it was included in the Cong. H. Bk., No. 104, 
and again in Montgomery's Original Hyt., 
1853, No. S53, in 4 st, of 4 1. [J. J.] 

Malan, Henri Abraham Cesar. The 

familyof Malan traces its origin to the valleys 
of Piedmont. A branch of it settled at Meritt- 
dol, in Dauphine", but was driven from France 
by the persecutions that followed the Beveca- 



712 



MALAN, HENEI A. 0, 



tionoftheEdiotofNontes. Pierre Malan, after 
seeing bis sister Ml a victim to persecution, 
left Merindol (1714), and arrived at Geneva 
(1722). Henri Abraham Cesar Malan was b. 
at Geneva in 1787. After an education at the 
College, he went to Marseilles, with the in- 
tention of learning business: but, soon after, 
entered the Academy at Geneva, as a pre- 
paration for the ministry, to which he was 
ordained in 1810. He had been appointed 
one of the masters at the College in the 
previous year. The National Church of 
Geneva was at that time almost Unitarian, 
and Malan's convictions were in accord with 
it. But the great movement known as the 
B&eil, of which the first products were the 
dissident church of Bourg de Four and at a 
later date that founded by Malan himself,and 
'which finally imbued the whole Swiss Church 
with its spirit, was silently preparing itself. 
The germ of the movement may be traced in 
the Boetite da Amis (1810), of which Em- 
peytaz and A. Bast were leaders; aud in 
Malan's independent attainment to the doc- 
trines of the Divinity of the Saviour and the 
free gifts of salvation through Him (1816). 
But the human agency, which gave it force, 
and determined its Calvinistic direction, was 
the visit of Bobert Hatdane (in the autumn of 
1816), to whom not only these pioneers of 
the movement, but F; Monod, E. Rieu, 
Guers, Gonthier, Merle d'Aubigne", and others, 
always poiuted as their spiritual father. Em- 
peytaz and others sought to attain enfran- 

fiisement by the establishment of the " petite 
glise of Bourg de Four." Malan wished to 
reform the national Church from within : and a 
sermon at Geneva, which brought on him the 
obloquy of the professors and theologians that 
composed his audience, and which Haldane 
characterized as a republication of the Gos- 
pel, was his first overt act (Jan, 19, 1817). 
But the opposing forces were far too strong 
for him. The Venerable Company excluded 
him from the pulpits, and achieved bis dis- 
missal from his regentship at the College 
(1818). In 1820 he built a chapel (Chapelle 
du Temoignage) in his garden, and obtained 
the licence of the State for it, as a separatist 

S lace of worship. In 1823 he was formally 
eprived of his status as a minister of the 
national Church. The seven years that suc- 
ceeded were the palmy days of the little 
chapel. Strangers, especially from England, 
mingled with the overflowing Swiss eongrega-- 
tion. But (in 1830) a secession to Bourg de 
Four, and then the foundation of the Oratoire 
and the Societe Evangelique, which in 1849 
absorbed the congregation of Bourg de Four 
under the title of the £gli»e Eeangelique, 
thinned more and more the number of bis 
adherents. His burning zeal for the con- 
version of souls found a larger outlet in long 
tours of evangelization, subsidized by reli- 
gious friends, in his own laud and Belgium 
and France, and also in Scotland and Eng- 
land, where he had friends among many re- 
ligious bodies, and where he preached to large 
congregations. The distinguishing charac- 
teristic of these tours was his dealing with 
individuals. On the steamboat or the dili- 
gence, in the mountain walk, at the hotel, no 
opportunity wag lost On one occasion an old 



MAN OF SORROWS 

man whom he visited drew from under his 
pillow a copy of his great hymn-book, Chant* 
de Sioft, 1841, aud told him how he had 
prayed to see the author of it before he died. 

It is as the originator of the modem hymn- 
movement in the French Reformed Church 
that Malan's fame cannot perish. [See Twnah 
Hjmnodri § v.l The spirit of bis hymns is 
perpetuated in the analysis of Christian ex- 
perience, the never-wearied delineation of the 
hopes aud fears, the joys and sorrows of the 
believer's soul, which are still the staple of 
Frenoh Protestant hymns. To this was 
added, in Molun himself, a marked didactic 
tone, necessitated by the great struggle of the 
Siveil for Evangelical doctrine ; and an em- 
phatio Calvinism, expressing itself with all 
the despondency of Newton and Cowper, but, 
in contrast with them, in bright assurance, 
peace and gladness. French criticism bos 
pronounced bis hymns unequal, and full of 
literary defects ; but their unaffected freshness 
and fervent sincerity are universsllysllowed. 
In the Ckantt de Sion, hymns 20, " Hosanna 1 
Be'ni soft"; 165, "Mon cceur joyeux, plein 
d'esperance"; 199, "Du Rooher de Jacob"; 
200, " Agneau de Dieu " ; 239, " Twrfs fois Je- 
hovah," are in every Protestant French hymn- 
book ; and several ethers are very widely used. 

Besides his hymns Malan produced number- 
less tracts and pamphlets on the questions in 
dispute between the National and Evangelical 
Churches and the Church of Rome, as well 
as articles in the Record and in American 
reviews. He was a man of varied acquire- 
ments. His hymns were set to his own 
melodies. He was on artist, a mechanic: 
his little workshop had its forge, its carpen- 
ter's bench, its printing press. To the end of 
his life his strong Calvinism, and bis dread of 
mere external union in church government, 
kept him distinct from all movements of 
church comprehension, though freely joining 
in communion with all the sections of Evan- 
gelical thought in Geneva and Scotland. At 
one time there seemed a prospect of bis even 
rejoining the national Church, which had 
driven him from her. One of his greatest 
joys was the meeting of the Evangelical Al- 
liance at Geneva (1861). He left no sect; 
one of his latest orders was the demolition of 
his decayed chapel, in which he had preached 
for 43 years. He d. at Yandasuvres, near 
Geneva, in 1864, leaving a numerous family, 
one of whom, the Rev. 8. O.MaIan,D.D., some- 
time Vicar of Broadwindsor, is well known 
as a linguist and a theologian of the English 
Church. [For further details see La Vie et 
lee Tra.va.KX de Cesar Malan, D.D., par tin de 
see jUs.~\ To English readers Malan is chiefly 
known as a hymn-writer through trs. of his 
" Non, ce n'est pas mourir " (q.v.) : " It is not 
death to die," &c. About a dozen of his 
hymns appear in a translated form in the 
Friendly Visitor for 1826, and two full selec- 
tions are noted at p. SBa, i, [IVeaoh Hymnody, 
p. 3S9, i„ § v.] [H. L. B.] 

Man of Sorrows and acquainted. 

G. Qregor and C. I. Latrobe. [Passiontide.] 
This hymn is marked by the Rev. J. A. 
Eberlo in his notes in the Moravian Mes- 
senger for June, 1868, as C. Gregor, 1759, and 



MANE PRIMA SABBAT! 

0. 1 Latrobe, 1802. Mr. Milter (Singers and 
Song*, p. 231) quotes Mr. Latrobe as saying : — 
" The late venerable Bishop of the Brethren's Church, 
Christian Gregor, ni the principal author and compiler 
of the following cantata, of whleh he kindly furnished 
me with a copy, It has been my desire and study to 
preserve all the Ideas contained lri the original, and I 
hope, on comparison, It will lie found that I have omitted 
tew, if any, that are essential ; but I did not always 
confine myself to words, or to the same number of 



MANX, RICHARD 



713 



The original German has not been traced. 
In English the hymn was given as No. 1011 
in the 1808 SuppL to the Moravian, H. Bk. of 
1801 (1886. No. 72), in 6 at. of 8 1. It was 
adopted by Montgomery i D his Christian 
Psalmist, 1825, and has since appeared in the 
Cong. S. Bk., 183B; N. Cong., 1859; Bapt. 
F». * Hyt., 1838; Alton's Cong. Psalmist 
Hyt, 1886, and others. [J. M,] 

Mane prima Sabbati. {Easter^ This 
sequence has sometimes been ascribed to 
Adam of St. Victor, but Gautier in his 1881 
ed, of Adam's Oeuvres poitiques, p. 236, does 
not print the text, and says tliat this ascrip- 
tion is false, for the piece is earlier than Adam 
and not in his style. Among the British 
Museum vm, it is found in one of the 12th 
sent. (Beg. 2 B. it. f. 101 6); in another, c. 
1199(Cahg.A. xiv. f. 69o); in a third of the 
end or the 13th cent. (Add. 12194, f. 1236), 
to. It is also in the Sarum (Bodleian us. 
Bailor, 5, o. 1370, pp. 216, 364); Hereford 
(ms. in the Bodleian, o. 1370), York (us. in the 
Bodleian, c, 1390) ; Parts (early 14tn cent lis. 
in the Brit Mus. Add. 16905, f. 144 6), and 
other Jotssak. Morelj p. 45, cites it as in a 
12th cent ms. at Einsiedeln. The text is 
alto in Mone, No. 168; Daniel, ii. p. 255; 
Kehrein, No. 93, 4c. The Sarum and some 
other Missals give it also for St. Mary Mag- 
dalene. Tr. as : — 

On the mam of Haste* day. By J. TA. Neale 
in the enlarged H. Noted, 1854. In the Appen- 
dix to the Antiphoner and Grail, 1882 ; the 
Bjpnner, 1882 ; and the Altar Hymnal, 1884, 
this fr.is rewritten by M, J. Blacker, as "Dawn- 
ing was the first of days." [J. M.] 

Manington, Alice, daughter of Thomas 
Mauington, of Bastings, was b. at Brighton, 
ondinl882 was residing in Vienna. She has 
published : — 

(1.1 Footprint! of the Boly Dtad ; JVanttai ions from 
Out German, by A. M. London, W. Macintosh, 1SBS, 
containing In all 103 pieces. (3.) ■* Wreott ef enroll 
JVom the /WfterJond. London, W. Macintosh, 18B4, 
This contains trt. of as German hymns and carols, 
No. 36 being original. 

None of these versions appear to be in Eng- 
lish O.U. They are noted under the first lines 
of the German wherever possible. £J. M.] 

Mant, Biohard, d,b. s, of the Rev. 
Richard Mant, Master of the Grammar School, 
Southampton, was b. at Southampton, Feb. 
12, 1776. He was educated at Winchester and 
Trinity, Oxford (b.a. 1797, m.a. 1799). At 
Oxford he won the Chancellor's prise for an 
English essay : was a Fellow of Oriel, and for 
some time College Tutor. On taking Holy 
Orders he was successively curate to his 
father, then of one or two other places. Vicar 
of Coggeshall, Essex, 1810; Domestic Chap- 
lain to the Archbishop of Canterbury, 1813, 



Rector of St. Botolph, Bishopsgate, London, 
1816, and East Horsley, 1818, Bishop of 
Killaloe, 1820, of Down and Connor, 1823, 
and of Dromore, 1842. He was also Bampton 
Lecturer in 1811. He d. Nov. 2, 1848. His 
prose works weie numerous, and although 
now somewhat obsolete, they were useful and 
popular in their day. His poetical works, 
and other works which contain poetical pieces, 
are: — 

(1) The Country Curate, 1804 ; (3) Poem in thru 
Parts, 1906; (a) The State, 180!; (4) The Boat <tf 
Ptalmt in an English Metrical Version, &c,, 1834 ; (&) 
Tht BTdlydayt of the Church; or Scripture Narrativet 
of Our Bleaed Lord't Life and Jflniitry, and Biogra* 
phical Noticet of the Apostle*, Beangeliitt, and Other 
Saint*, vrith Kejtcciioru, OtjUectt, and Mttrical Shetchet, 
to), 1., 1833 ; vol. U., ISM ; (6) The Gotpel Mirat&a in 
a seriet qf Poetical Stctchet, iu>., 1B33 ; (t) Tht Britiih 
Month*, 3 vols., 1S38 ; (8) Ancient Symn* from &c 
Roman Breviary, for Domsstick Use. . . . To wUcs an 
added Original Synnt, principally of Commemoreaian 
and Oanitgiving for Cftriirf EjAy Ordinances 1B31 : 
now ed., 1ST i. (») The Happinen of tht Bletted Dead, 
lBif. 

Bp.- Mant is known chiefly through his 
translations from the Latin, He was one of 
the earliest of the later translators, I. Williams 
and J. Chandler being his contemporaries. 
Concerning his translations, Mr. Ellerton, in 
his Nate* on Church Hymns, 1881, p. xlviii. 
(folio ed.), says justly that :— 

" Mont had little knowledge of hymns, and merely took 
those of the existing soman Breviary as he fonnd theoi : 
consequently be had to omit many, and so to alter others 
that they have In fact become different bymna: nor was 
he always happy tu Ms manipulation of them. But 
his book has much good taste and devout feeling, and 
has fallen into undeserved neglect." 

His metrical version of the Psalms [See 
Paaltara, English, § xvii] has yielded very few 
pieces to the hymnals, the larger portion of 
tiis original compositions being from his work 
ofl837. Themostpopularoftbeseis"Come 
Holy Ghost, my soul inspire. Spirit of," ice., 
and its altered forms; " Bright uie vision that 
delighted," and its altered form of "Bound 
the Lord in glory seated;" and "For all Thy 
saints, O Lord." His hymns in C, U. which 
are not annotated under their respective first 
lines are : — 

i. From his Metrical Version of the Ptalmt, 
1824. 

I. God, my King, Thy might confessing. Pt. able. 
3, Lord, to Thee I make my vows. Pt. zxvitt, 

3. Blessed be the Lord most High. Pt. xnviii. rt.il. 

4. My trust is in the highest Name. Pt. xi. 

5. B£ign, Jehovah, King avpreme. Pt. xdsn. 

0. Thy listening ear, Lord, incline. Pt. txxxvi. 
j. To God my earnest voice I raise. Pt. cxlii. 

6. To Jehovah hytnn the Its. Pt. eiviii. Two 
centos in Spurgeon'e O. O, H. Bk., 18SS. (11 st. I., II., 
v.; and (3) "Thee, Jebovab, -will I bless" from st. 
vii.-i. 

it From his HtAyday* of the Church, Ac, 
1828-31. 

9, Lo, the day the Lord hath made. JSatter. 

10. There la a dwelling place above. AH Suintt. 

iii. From his Ancient Hymm, &c, 1837. 

II. Before Thy merey'e throne. Lent. 

12. Father of all, from Whom we trace. Unity. 

13. For these who flrat proclaimed Thy word. Apottlet. 

14. Sol when He bide me seek His bee. Bofy Com- 
munion. 

15. Oft as in God's own house we sit. Divine War* 
lAip, 

IS. Pnt off thy shoes, 'tis holy ground. Tht Bmtt 
e/Ood. 

11. Saviour of men, our Hope [LlfeJ and Rest. Tht 
Greater ttttivalt. 



714 



MAECH, HENKY 



18. Thy House each day of hallowed rest. Sols 
Cbntmunititt. 

19. We bless Thee for Thy Church, Lord. Tftanfci- 
jfrttfy.far tAs Church. 

26. We deem and own it, Lord, * proof, DivintGrace. 

When all Bp. Mont's £rs. original hymns, 
and versions of tbe Psalms In C. U. are taken 
into account, it is found tbat ho is somewhat 
strongly represented in modern hymnody. 

[J. J.] 

March, Henry, was b. at Barnstaple, 
Aug. 29, 1791, and educated for the Congre- 
gational ministry at Homerton College under 
Dr. J. Pye-Smitb, Ho held pastorates at 
Bungay, Mill Hill, Colchester, and Newbury. 
He d. in London, July 28, 1869. His pub. 
works are : — 

(1) Sabbaths at Stone, erSetp to their right Improve- 
ment, Founded on the 42nd otd 43rd Psalms, London, 
1830 ; Sod ed. 1824. This work consists of Essays on 
religious suhjscts, fcllowed by Reflections and Hymns, 
(T) Synni for the Closet of the Chrittian Minister, 
Load., 1823. (?) The Early Lfftqf Christ an Example 
for the Young. 

Of his hymns in C. U. the best are ; — 
t, Eternal Gad, eternal King-. Adoration qf the 
fiither. In Conder's Cong- It. Bk,, isas, and several 
modem collections, especially la America. 

8. wad Thy light, Thy truth,- jut Owl. .Public 
Worship. Appeared tn his &aoaarAa at Some, Ac, 1830, 
p. 22>, where It la given at the close of an Essay on 
•" Natural Gifts Consecrated to God." It was repeated 
In tbe Leeds H. Bk., 1853, and later hymnals. 

[W. G. H.] 
Marokant, John. [Old Version, gg ix., x.] 
Mardley, John, [old Version, §§ rx., x.] 

BLaria mater Domini [The Axmmp- 
tion of the B, V. M.] In tbe Durham Hym- 
narium of the 11th cent. (f. 3 26) this is given 
as a hymn " on the Assumption of tbe Blessed 
Virgin Alary." It Ib also in two uss. of tbe 
11th cent, in the British Museum (Veep. D. 
xii. f. 88 ; Harl. 2961, f. 231 fc). The printed 
text is in tho Surtees Society's Lat. Hys. of 
the Aitglo-Saxon Ch. t 1851, p. 109. Daniel, i. 
No. 387, prints only the first stanza. Tr. as ; — 

Msiy, Bother of thy [the] lord. This tr. was 
given anonymously in the 1860 Appendix to the 
II. Sited, No. 172 ; and again in Skinner's Daily 
Service Hymnal, 18o4. [J. M.] 

Mark the soft-falling snow. P. Dod~ 
dridje. [Natural things emblematical of things 
Spiritual] 1st pub, in J. Orton's posthumous 
ed. of Doddridge's -Hwm»», 1755, No. Ill, in 
4 st. of 8 1„ and headed " Fruitful Showers, 
Emblems of the salutary Effects of the Gos- 
pel." In that and subsequent editions to 
1839, the opening lines read : — 

" Marie the soft-fulling Snow, 
And tbe diffusive Koln ; 
To Heav'n, from whence It fell, 
It turns not back again/' 

In 1839 J. D. Humphreys, in reprinting 
the JEfjmtns from the original mss., corrected 
from tho mb. of this hymn tho grammatical 
error of " it '' for " they" in theso lines, and 
drew special attention thereto in the Preface 
to the Hymnt, as evidence of his charge 
against Job Orton as a careless editor. 
Amongst modern collections the text of 1755 
is retained in the Scottish Evang. Union 
Hymnal, 1878, and that of tbe original MS. in 
Martineau's Hymns, 1810, £J. J.] 

Marot, Olement, was b. at Cahors about 
1497. His education tbere and at Paris gave 



MAROT, CLEMENT 

him a fair knowledge of Latin, Italian, and 
to some extent Greek* He possessed some 
knowledge of music, and played on the 

ret and composed tunes for some of his 
isons. Though destined at first for the 
law, ho was placed at sixteen as a page in the 
service of Nicolas de Neuftille. At twenty- 
one ho became volet de chambro to Margue- 
rite de Yolois. The passionate- admiration he 
conceived for her turned his thoughts to the 
Huguenot doctrines, which were then first 
impressing themselves on her : and his biting 
ridicule of the vices of the monks, and the 
disorders of the Church, united with frequent 
confessions of simple faith, were the occasion 
of all the misfortunes that beset his after life. 
He was wounded and taken prisoner at Pavia 
with Francis I. After his return to France 
he married (1526?). About the same period 
he succeeded, at his father's death, to tho post 
of valet de chambre to Francis. In 1535, an 
outbreak of persecution obliged Lira to fly 
from France to Ferrara, where for a few weeks 
he must have met Calvin. From Ferrara 
he went to Venice ; and was thence, through 
the influence of Marguerite of Navarre, re- 
called to France by the king. The statement 
that he recanted his Huguenot errors at Lyons 
(153(5) rests on no sufficient evidence. In 
1537-9 he completed the translation of 30 
psalms, which were circulated at court in hs. 
They became the fashion of tho hour : and the 
king, Catherine de Medicis, the Dauphin, 
Diane de Poitiers, and the court gentlemen 
and ladies sang them to ballad tunes. Charles 
V. rewarded Marot for a copy of them, with 
200 golden doubloons. The publication of 
these psalms (1512) brought on nun the wrath 
of the Sorbonne, and he fled again ; first to 
Savoy, then to Geneva. There, encouraged 
by Francis and by Calvin, he completed his 
50 Psalms, published with a Dedication to Tbe 
Ladies of France (1513). Tbe stern rigidity 
of Goneva must have been stifling to his gay 
mercurial nature. The only authentic incident 
of his story tbat has come down is the prose- 
cution of Bonivard for playing "tric-trac" 
with him. His prosecution for adultery is 
one of the malicious inventions of his enemies. 
He left Geneva (1513) for. Savoy, and then 
Turin, where he d. in August 1544, 

The poetry of Marot Is composed of short pEeaes— 
ballads, rondcaux, epigrams, and rhymed epistfes~-fuU 
of grace and delicacy, gaiety, «lt, and satire. He both 
enriched and simplified the lyrical style. Tbe Psalms— 
his matured work — exhibit an access of dignity and 
statellnesB. His many-sided character has suffered 
from the prejudices of Catholic and Huguenot. To liis 
enemies he is a dissolute heretic, to BayTe a. professional 
poet who gave his talents easily to either side, to Saint- 
Mare Glrardln a man penetrated by the wide-spread 
disgust at the corruptions of the Church, but not oi 
deep If ugueoot conviction, to others a child of tbe classic 
learning and Free Thought of the Eenalssance. To the 
lost no doubt he never lost bis courtier habit; hut there 
is no proof of his licentiousness, except in his 'Jeunesse 
Abusee, 1 to which hs often alludes* his coarseness Is 
abundantly paralleled in the language of the time : and 
the close analysis of bis life and his writings by M. Douen 
and Mr. Henry Morley attests the existence of a base 
of real religion, of which the ■ Trente Fee»umee ' were 
a distinguished fruit. 

[Authorities. dement Marot etlePtantierBuguenot, 
by M, tJuuen ; UHiitaire d» Psantier des J&rffre* Re. 
tormeei, by M. Felix Bovet; Clement Marot and the 
Huguenot Plotter, a Series of Articles by Major Craw- 
ford In The Musical Timet, IfiHl ; CTenenf Marot and 
other Studies, by Mr. Henry Morley.] £H. L. B.] 



MABOT, SAMUEL 

Marot, Samuel, d.d., was b. at Magde- 
burg, Dec 11, 1770, and studied at the Uni- 
versityof Frankfurt a, Oder. On July 1, 1798, 
lie was ordained as preacher to the Orphanage 
(FriedrichB-Waisenb&us) at Berlin. In 1808 
he was appointed preacher at the None 
Kirche; in 1816 superintendent of the Ee- 
formed Churches in Berlin ; and also became 
OonMBtorialrath in 1830, and OberconsUtorial- 
rath in 1316 (d.d, from University bf Berlin, 
1846). He d. at Berlin, Oot. 12, 1865 (AUg. 
Deutsche Biog., xx. 404," &c.). He was one 
of the Committee which compiled the Berlin 
G. B., 1829. The only hymn known by him 
is: — 

^TondvtEfmmeUTluvn. Canjirmatitm. Contributed 
to the Berlin G. S., 1829, ne No. 360, ins st. of el. Its 
excellence and simplicity have gained It a piece In 
many reoentGennsn collections, as the Berlin G. L. S., ed. 
lsea, Ho. 1614. IV. as :— 

nam Thy hni'ilT throne. A good and full tr. by 
Miss Wlniwortb as So. »1 In her ft B.for Xnglani, 
less ; repeated In the Parti* H. -Bfc, 1876. [J, M] 

Harriott, John, m.a., s. of R. Marriott, 
d.d., Rector of Cottesbaeh, near Lutterworth, 
was b, at Cottesbaeh, in 1780, and educated at 
Rugby, and Christ Church, Oxford. He was 
the second of two wbo obtained honours in the 
schools in 1802, the first year in which there 
was a public examination for honours at 
Oxford. He was also Student of Christ 
Church, and for about two years a private 
tutor in tho family of the Duke of Buccleuch. 
The Duke presented him to the Rectory of 
Church Lawford, Warwickshire. This he 
retained to his death, although his wife's 
health compelled him to reside m Devonshire, 
where he wag successively curate of St. Law- 
renee and other parishes in Exeter, and of 
Broadclyst, near Exeter, where lie d. March 
81, 1825. His published works include a voL 
of Sermons which he issued in 1818, and a 
posthumous vol. of Sermon*, pub. bv his sons 
in 1838. Hi» hymns were never puli. by him- 
self, nor iu book form by any one. A few 
appeared iu print during his lifetime, but 
without his permission. These include : — 

1. A aaint 1 would tint I «ould olaim. Botineti 
Haired. " Written off almost at the moment, on hear- 
ing the name applied In a ecoruful way at sporty, about 
1813." It was printed in The -fWeno^y Visitor, 1834. 

I. Thou, Whose AlmigWy word. Mission. Written, 
his son says, "about 1813." It wee printed in The 
friendly YitOvr, July, 1S26, in 4 si. of 1 1., with the 
Title "Missionary Hymn," and without signature. This 
text differs only In two or three words from the original 
as supplied by the authar'd son to Dr. Rogers and pub. 
by him In bis Xyra Jfrit., ISA?, t>. 39G, Two texta are 
known which are received as original, the first the un- 
doubted text In Lyre Brit^ and the eecond tbat given 
by Lord Selbome from the Volt, of Dr. Rafflee, Con- 
gregational Minister of LlverpooL The differences are, 
(1) In at.Jll. I. s, orig. is; "Move o'er," end Raffles 
"Move on," and(s" 



MABTIKEAU, JAMES 



715 



l (a) et. iv. 
Original* 
" Blessed, and holy, and 
Glorlens Trinity, 

Wisdom. Love, Might : 
Boundless as ocean 'a tide 
Rolling In fullest pride 
Thro' the world, far and 
wide, 
'Let there be light." 1 

The second text is that moiitly In C. U. in all English 
sneaking countries, and tbat which Is usually translated. 
TV. Into Latin, by H. Bingham, In hte Hymn. Christ. 
/Ait., 1BT1, as *'Tu, enjus Orbls principle novi." 
Another lOrm appeared in The Casket, Oliphent, Edin- 
burgh, 1826, but this Is unknown to the collections. 

8, When Christ our human form did bear, Christ's 



Dr.Baffits. 
• Holy and Messtd Three, 
Glorious Trinity, 

Wisdom, Love, Might I 

Boundless as ocean's tide 

Boiling In fullest pride, 

Through the earth, far 

and wide, 

'Let there be light!'" 



love of Children. " Written in 1819 fia the Parochial 
Schools, Upottery, Devon." 

The foregoing details are in great part from 
us. notes supplied by the author's son, 
[a. use.} [J. J,] 

Marshall, Julia A. [SUiott, Jnii»,A.j 

Martin, Henry Arthur, m.a., b. of 

George Martin, Chancellor and Canon of 
Exeter, b. at Exeter July 30, 1831, and 
educated at Eton, and Christ Church, Oxford, 
graduating &a. 1835, and m.a. 1857. On 
taking Holy Orders he become Curato o( 
Hallow, near Worcester, 1856, and Vicar of 
Laxton with Moorhonse, Nottinghamshire, 
1858. In 1871 he contributed the following 
hymns to Chnrch Hymns : — 

I. Lord of the frost-bound winter. Mctnxtt. Written 
in 1969, 

a. O Itock of Ages, One Foundation. St. Peter. 
Written In lsu. 

3. Bound aloud Jehovah's praises. IToly Trinity. 
Written In 18T0, In est., four of which only are given 
in efturcA ifjmuw. 

4. The heavenly King must come. St. John Baptitt. 
Written in mi, [J, J.] 

Martin, Samuel, d.d., s. of John 
Martin, schoolmaster at Anstruther-Easter, 
Fife, was b. at Anstruther, July 7, 1740. He 
studied at the University of Edinburgh, oud, 
after being licensed to preach in 1762, became 
in 1768 parish minister of Batmaghie, Kirk- 
cudbright, and in 1776 of Monimail, Fife. 
Ho received tiic degree of D.D. from the 
University of St. Andrews in 1798. Ho d. at 
Monimail, Sep. 12, 1829. As a member of the 
Committee appointed by the General Assem- 
bly of 1775, to revise the Trans, and Paraph. 
of 1715, he contributed No. 12 to tho 1781 
collection (see Oameron, "William, and BootHab. 
Translations and Paraphrase*}. [J. M.} 

Martfneau, Harriet, was b. at Norwich, 
June 12, 1802, and d. at Ambleside, June 27, 
1876. Best known as the writer of Illustra- 
tion! of Political Economy, Retrospect of 
Western Travel; two novels, Deerbrook and 
The Sour and the Man ; Eastern Life, Past 
and Present; a History of the Thirty rears' 
Peace, and various other works. Her first 
publication was a book of Devotional Exer- 
cises, with hymns appended to each Exercise, 
and her hymns also Delong to what she speaks 
of in the Autobiography as her " "Unitarian " 
period. Five of them appeared in A Collec- 
tion of Hymns for Christian Worthip, printed 
in 1831 for the congregation of Eustace Street, 
Dublin, and edited by her brother, the Rev, 
James Martineau. 

1. Allmenore equal in their birth. Buman Equality. 

2. Lord Jesus ] come ; for here, Jeeus desired. Some- 
times given aa 11) H Come, Jesus, come, for here " ; (3) 
and " Thy Idngdom come, for here." 

5. The floods of grief have apresd around. In AJJliG. 
turn. 

4. What hope was thine, O Christ I when grace. 
Peace. 

6. When Samuel heard, iu still mld-nlght. Samuel. 

The Eov. J. It. Beard's CoU. 1837, contains 
1, 2, 4 and 5, and : — 

fl. The snrt had set, the Infsnt slept. Cethstwme. 

The Rev. W. J. Pox's Ilymnt and AntheMis, 
1841, contains No. I, and 

1. Beneath this starry arch. Progress, ry. D F n t ] 

Martineau, James, ll.d., d.d., b. at 
Norwich, April 21, 1805, the son of a manu- 



710 MAB.TINEAO, JAMES 

foctnrer and wine merchant of Hugnenot 
descent. After four years at the Norwich 
grammar-school, and two as a pupil of Dr. 
Lout Carpenter, at Bjistol, and a short ex- 
perience in the shops of a mechanical engineer 
at Derby, he entered as a Divinity student in 
Manchester College, York. His first ministry 
wa«»tJBnstaceStTJhapel,DtibIin[1828-32],afl 
assistant to his cousin, the Boy. Philip Taylor, 
From 1832 to 1857 he was in Liverpool, as 
minister of the congregation meeting in Para- 
dise St. Chape], and from 1840 in the new 
Hope St. Church, In 1840 he was appointed 
professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy and 
Political Economy in Manchester New Col- 
lege, and in 1 857 followed the college to Lon- 
don, becoming its Principal in 18S9 and re- 
signing in 1885. On settling in London he 
became also minister of Little Portland St 
Chapel, first in conjnnction with the Rev. J. 
JT. Tayler; and afterwards alone till his resig- 
nation in 1872. He received the degree of 
».o.l. from Oxford in 1888. D. Jan. 11, 1900. 

The chief of I>r. Martinean's worts hitherto published 
in lour volumes of sermons, Endeavour* after the 
Chrittiato Ltfe,2 vols,, 1943 and 1S4T ; J&urt of Thought 
on Sacred Thing', > vols., me and 1819 ; Studies of 
Christianity, ists ; Euayt rhilotophiixil and Iftsolo- 
gieal. 2 vols., 1SC6 and 1S68, collected from various 
Reviews; j* Shtdj ofSyinaea, 18B2) and Type* qfHthical 
Theories, 3 toIs., ISM, tod ed. 1886. These contain the 
substance of bis teaching as a Christian minister and an 
expounder of a spiritual philosophy of religion. By 
early training andmatured conviction a Unitarian of the 
Catholic and spiritual type, Dr. Mertlne&u hss served 
not only the little group of churches with -which he is 
Immediately' connected, but the Church Universal hy 
his gifts of sympathy and insight into the deepest ques- 
tions of human life. He has strengthened the founda- 
tions of faith In the light of modern knowledge, and 
added trsasures, the worth of which have yet to be fully 
measured, to the rich store of the devout literature of 
the Church, 

The Catholic spirit ana deeply Christian 
temper impressed upon all Dr. Martinean's 
literary work give their distinctive character 
to the three hymn-books which he has 
edited, viz. : — 

(1) A. QMectian <f Hymns for Chi-ittian WortAip. 
Dublin: Printed for the Congregation of Eustace Sti-eet, 
1831. Thla collection of 213 hymns already clearly in- 
dicates the principles of selection afterwards to be more 
fully worked out. It was made for the use of a society, 
" whose worship is paid solely to the God and Father of 
our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ," and in adopting tbs 
hymnH of Dr. Watts and others, such changes are made 
as are required by theological consistency j but the pre- 
face pleads lor a wider latitude or choice than had been 
usual In older selection-i, " bringing all the resources of 
lyric poetry (the poetry of the aOectlons) into the ser- 
vice of religion." There are 18 hymns by Bp. Keber 
Introduced, and special mention Is mads of his merit in 
"first liberalizing the style of poetry designed for our 
churches," 

_ During his ministry in Liverpool Dr. Mar- 
tinean published :— 

(2) Itymntfor tke Chrittian Church, and Some . Col- 
lected and edited by Janet Hartincau, London, 1B40. 
This with bis own congregation took the place of the 
old Paradise St, collection of 1H1B, and was quickly re. 
cognised as pre-eminent among the books in use among 
the non-subscribing churches. 

Dr. Martinean's last collection was : — 

(31 Hymns qf Praite and Prayer, eollectedand edited 
by Jumet Kartine/m, LL.D., D.D. " Yatvm tvtpiria 
solatium JSeclesiac.'* Ijondon, 18T3. 

The character of the last two hooks, and 
the place .they hold in the religious connection 
for which they were in the flrst instance pre- 
pared, are more fully described in the article 
on Unitarian Hymnody. It remains only to 
mention Dr. Martineau's own hymns ; — 



MASON, JOHN 

1. A voice upon the mid-might air. Good Friday. 

2. Thy way Is in [on] the deep, Lord. Trust. 

a. " Where Is your (fod t " they say. Inward wttnett 
of ffsd. 

They have been hitherto published anony- 
mously, bnt the authorship is now acknow- 
ledged. Nog. 1 , 2, appeared first in his Hymns, 
&c, 1840, and 3 in his Hymnt, Ac, 1873. 
They are also fonnd in other collections in 
G. Britain and America. [V. D. D.] 

Martyr Del qui nnicum. [Martyrs.] 
A hymn for the Coinmon of Martyrs in the 
Sarum, York, Aberdeen, old .Roman and other 
Breviaries. It is fonnd in four Hymnaries of 
the 11th cent, in the British Muatnm; three 
of the English Church (Yesp. D. xii. f. 106 6 ; 
Jul. A. vi. f. 65 6 ; Harl. 2961, f, 2486) and one 
of the ancient Spanish Church (Add. 30,851, f. 
153 b). In the Lot. Syt. of the Anglo Saxon 
Ch., 1851, p. 133, it is printed from an 11th 
cent. ms. at Durham (B. ill. 32 f. 39 6). Daniel, i., 
No. 231, prints the original, and at iv. p. 138, 
the text of the revised Soman Breviary of 
1632, where it begins, Inviete martyr naiotua, 

[J. M.] 

The original and the Soman Breviary forms 
of this hymn have been translated as follows : — 

i. Original Text Martyr Dei qui oakum. 

1, Martyr of God, 'twaa thine to traok. By 
W. J. Blew. Pnb. in his Church Hy. & Tune 
Bk., 1852-5, in 5 st. of 4 1.; and again in Kice's 
Set. from the same, 1870, No. 117. 

S, Kartyr of God! The Only Son, This tr, 
was given anonymously in the Anliphanertf- Grail, 
I860, p. 85, and in the Hynmcr, 1882. In the 
latter it is given for " St. Stephen," and for 
" One Martyr," 

Ano&er tr, ia :~ - 

Martyr of God I Who to the road, J. D. Chamber!. 
ISM. 

il. Soman Brev. Text. Innote martyr, unioum, 

1, Gnat God, whose atMnyth lay martyrs 
steel'd. By Bp, Mant, 1st pub. hi his Ancient 
Iiy»„ 1837, p, 77, in 5 st. of 4 1. (ed. 1871, 
p. 135). It has been repeated in a few collec- 
tions, including the People's H., 1867, ate, 

ft. Martyr of uneonquer'd might. . By E. Cas- 
wall. 1st pub. in his Lyra Calholica, 1849, 
p. 209, and again in his Hys. $ Poems, 1873, 
p. Ill, iu 4 st. of 4 1., together with a doiology 
for Eastertide, and a second of Ascensiontide, 
In its complete form it is not in C IT. j but st. i. 
is the opening stanza of the cento, So. 193, in the 
2nd ed. 18ti3 of the Appendix to the H. Noted. 

Other trs, an:— 

1. Blest martyr, nobly hast thou trod. B. Camp- 
leU. 1SS0. 

2. Great mortyr, who thvBelf didst Bhow. J. Wallace. 
18T4. [J. J,] 

MarveU, Andrew. ^Addison, J.] 

Mary, Queen of Scotland. [Soottana, 

Vary, Quean of.] 

Mason, John. The known facts of his 
life are scanty. He was the s. of a Dissenting 
Minister, and the grandfather of John Mnson, 
the author of A Treatite on Self'KnowUdge, 
He waseducated at Striiton School, Northants, 
and Glare Hall, Cambridge. After taking 
his m.a,, he became Curate of Isham ; and in 
1668, Vicar of Stantonbury, Bucks. A little- 
more than fivo years afterwards he was ap- 
pointed Rector of Water-Stratford. Here he 



MASON, JOHN 

composed the volume containing The Songs 
of Praise, his paraphrase of The Song of 
Solomon, and the Poem oh Dive* and Lazarus, 
with which Shepherd's Penitential Cries was 
afterwards bound up. This volume pawed 
through twenty editions. Besides the Songs 
of Praise, it contains six Penitential Criet 
by Meson, and it is this portion of his work 
which harmonizes with the compositions of 
Shepherd. Probably his hymns were used 
in public worship, and if bo, they are among 
the earliest hymns so used in the Church of 
England. Some of his hymns are often found 
in the early Hymu Collections of the 18th 
century. The most notable work besides this 
volume Is Select Remain* of the Rev. John 
Mason, a collection of sententious and prac- 
tical sayings and Christian letters, published 
by his grandson, and much eulogised by 
Dr. Watts. His friend, Shepherd, who was at 
Water-Stratford at the remarkable period to 
which reference is made below, published two 
of Mason's Sermons, with a preface of his 
own. Meson was a man of true piety and 
humility; known for eminent prayerfulness; 
faithful, experimental, effectual preaching ; '* a 
light in the pulpit, and a pattern out of it" 
Bis friendship with Baxter, and Shepherd, the 
Nonconformist Minister of Braintree, pro- 
bably indicates his sympathies and theological 
position. Baxter calls Aim " the glory of the 
Church of England," and says :— 

" Tbo frame of bis spirit was so heavenly, bis deport- 
ment »o humble and obliging, bis discourse of eplrltual 
things eo weighty, with such Apt words and delightful 
all, thai It charmed all that bad any spiritual rellah." 

The close of his life was sensational enough. 
One night, about a month before his death, ne 
had a vision of the Lord Jesus, wearing on 
His bead a glorious crown, and with a look of 
unutterable majesty in His face. Of this 
vision he spoke; and preached a Sermon 
called The Midnight Cry, in which he pro. 
claimed the near approach of Christ's Second 
Advent A report speed, that this Advent 
would take place at Water-Stratford itself, 
and crowds gathered there from the surround- 
ing villages. Furniture and provisions were 
brought Si, and every comer of the house and 
village occupied. Most extraordinary scenes 
occurred, singing and leaping and dancing. 
The excitement hod scarcely died out when 
the old man passed away (IfflM), still testifying 
that he baa seen the Lard, and that it was 
tune for the nation to tremble, and for Chris- 
tians to trim their lamps. His last words 
were, "I am full of the loving kindness of the 
Lord." [See Ingllsli Hymned;, Early, § xi.l 

CH. L. B.] 

The full titles of his Songs of Praiee, and 
the additions thereto, are : — 

(1) Spiritual Songi j or, Song* °f Praia to AiHightf 
God upon tewral occationt, isss. (a) The Song of 
SimgtuihiehitSotaaon'tfirit TtomA (ton Parajihrated 
in ApUt*. IVric Pub. with the farmer. (3) Diva 
and Ltuema. incorporated with the former loss. (4) 
Penitential Criet, 2am by the Author of the Song* of 
Praiee, And carried on by another Hand. Licensed 
and Entered, Sept. IS, ISS3, This forme the concluding 
pert of all editions of the Boise of Praise after 1M8. 
The complete work waa ruprlnked by I). Sedgwick In 
IS69. This reprint waa accompanied by a short Memoir. 
Id this reprint Haaon'a P. Ones T and Pa. sa are given 
under Sonat of Praite, pp. 48-41, tboae under P. Criet 
being all bTShepbent ((..'»•)■ Mason's Life, by John 
Dnuton, waa pub, in 1604, and Included eome mlecel- 
lanfoua poenis ; and anotlber, by Henry Maurice, In 1496, 



MA8SIE, BICHABD 



717 



in which are two hymns not found elsewhere. (See also 
an Article on him in the Sunday at Bone, Feb. 188). ) 
We may add that Mason pub. a Cata&itm, with ioms 
Yertetfor Children. Or this, however, no copy Is 
known to exist. 

Mason's Songs are commonly presented in 
modern hymn-books iu the form of centos, 
which are sometimes compiled from a single 
Song, and in other instances from several 
Sony*. Many of these are annotated under 
their respective first lines. The rest include: — 

1. Bleat be my Sod that I was born. Praise for the 
Gospel. 
3. Lord, for the merdea of the night, ^fbmfti^. 

3. Lord of my Itto. Length of my days. Praise for 
Deliverance from Immediate danger of heath. 

4. My God, a God of pardon is. Praite for Pardon 
of Sin. 

b. My God, my only Help and Hope, praite for 
Providence. 

fi. My God, my reconciled God. Praite for Peace of 
Ckntseienee. 

1. My God was with me all this night. Morning. 

6. Thou waet, God ; and Thou wast blest, praise 
for Creation. 

9. Thousands of thousands stand around. Praite. A 
cento from Songs 1. and ii. 

In Griffith, Farran & Co.'s Ancient and 
Modern Library, No. 12, Giles Fletcher's 
Chrises Victory and Triumph, <£&, 1888, p. 
208 (edited by W. T. Brooke), a short hymn 
by Mason is given from Multum in Parvo : or 
f&e Jubilee of Jubilees, 1732, beginning " High 
praises meet end dwell within." It is an in- 
different example of Mason's powers as a 
writer of sacred verse. [J. J.] 

ICaaon, "William, m.a., was b. at 
Kingston-npon-HulI, 1725, and educated at 
St. John's College, Cambridge. He wsb same 
time a Fellow of Pembroke Hall. On taking 
Holy Orders he become Bector of Aston, and 
Precentor of York Minster. He d. April S, 
1797. His poetical writings, including Poems, 
Tragedies, Odes, and Hymns, published at 
intervals, were coEeeted and issued in 4 vols. 
in 1811 as The Works of William Mason, MA., 
Precentor of York, and Bector of Aston. His 
hymns, few in number, include, " Again the 
day returns of holy rest '' (p. W, i.) ; " Soon 
shall the evening star with silver [silent] 
ray " (P' <•• '■)> &c These are in vol. i of his 
Works. [J. J.] 

Masaie, Edward, m.a., was educated at 
Wadham College, Oxford, where he was Dean 
Ireland Scholar in 1828 ; b.a. 1830 ; M.A. 1834. 
He took Holy Orders in 1830 ; was Fellow and 
Tntor of University College, Durham, from 
1841 to 1845 ; and then for some time Curate 
of Gawsworth, Cheshire. He has pub., in 
186*2, A Few Hymns for Occasional use in the 
Servicer of (he Church, and Sacred Odes, vol. i., 
Lond., 1866, vol. ii., 1867. The latter contain 
many translations from the German. Those 
which are from German hymns, and are 
within the range of this Dictionary, are 
annotated under the original German first 
lines or their author's names. See Index of 
i, set. He d. Jan, 21, 1893. [J. J.] 



Massie, Richard, eldest a. of the Bev. 
B. Maggie, of Ooddington, Cheshire, and Bee- 
tor of Ecclestan, wss born at Chester, June IS, 
1800, and resides at Pulford Hall, Oodding- 
ton. Mr. Massie pub. a tr. of Martin Lufhert 
Spiritual Songs, Lond., 1854. His Lyra Do- 
mettiea, 1st series, Lond., 1860, contains fr*. 



718 MASTER, IT IS GOOD TO BE 

of the 1st Series of Spltta's Psalter vnd Harfe. 
In 1864 he pub. vol. ii., containing trt. of 
Spitta's 2nd Beriee, together with an Appendix 
of trs. of German hymns by various authors. 
He also contributed many tn. of German 
hymns to Mercer's Cfttm* Psalter & S. Bk. ; to 
Beid'fl British Herald ; to the Day of Sett, 4c 
Most of these ale annotated in this Dictionary. 
Hed. Mar. 11,1887. [J. J.] 

Master, it la good to be. A. P. Stanley. 
\Tran»figuration.'\ 1st pub. in an article by 
Dean Stanley on the Transfiguration and 
hymns relating thereto, in Maemillan's Maga- 
zine, April, 1870 (vol. xxi. p. 543). It is in 
6 st. of 8 1. In a note which accompanies the 
hymn Dean Stanley says : — 

vx haye endeavoured (as in a hymn written some 
years ago on tho Ascension) ['He in gone— Beyond tie 
skies/ p. B00 T ii.] to combine as for ns possible, the 
various thoughts connected with tbe scene- 
It is given in full in the Westminster Abbey 
Jl. Bk., 1883, and other collections, and with 
tho omission of "nt. i. as " O Master, it is good 
to be," in the Hymnary, 1872. [J. J.] 

Master, where ftbideat Thon ? Eliza- 
beth Charles, nee Bundle. [Jesus desired."] Ap- 
peared in her work, The Three Waitings and 
Other Poems, 1859, p. 182. It is found in a 
fow collections only. [J. J.] 

Masters, Mary. Biographical facta con- 
cerning Mrs. Masters are very few. In 1783 
she published a volume of Poems; and again, 
in 1755, by Subscription, Familiar Letters and 
Poems on Several Occasions (Lon. D. H. Cave). 
These Poems include versified epistles on 
various subjects to her friends, Odes, and a 
few paraphrases of single Psalms, 4c, From 
the Preface to her Poems, 1733, we find that 
Thomas Scott took an interest in her, and con- 
tributed some Poems to that volume. It is 
evident also from the following extract that 
she was in humble circumstances, and without 
a liberal education : — 

" Toe author of tbe following poems never reed a 
Treatise of Rhetoric*, or an Art of Poetry, nor was 
ever taught her EngUsh Grammar. Her Education rose 
no higher than the Spelling Book, or the Writing Master : 
her Genius to Poetry was always brow-beat and dis- 
countenanced by her Parents, and till her Merit got the 
better of her Fortune, she was shut out from all Com- 
merce with the more knowing and pollta part of the 
world.*' JPoems, 1T&3: Preface. 

In her Familiar Letters and Poems, 1755, 
pp. 228-29, there are three " Short Ejacula- 
tions," the first of which is the well known :— 
•' Tis Religion that can give, 
SweetesiPleasures while we live \ 
Tie EellgSon mnst supply, 
Solid comforts when we die. 
After Death lta Jove will be, 
Lasting as Eternity," 

When these lines were included in Rippon's 
Selection, 1787, the following were added ; — 
" Be the living God my Friend, 
Then my bliss shall never end j " 

and the 8 lines were divided into two stanzas. 
In this form the hymn is known to modern 
collections. 

An ejaculation for use "At the Altar" is 
sometimes met with. It is also in the Fami- 
liar Letters, &c., p. 229, and reads : — 
" my ador'd Redeemer ! deign to be, 

Now present with the mystic Bread to me ; 
May 1 the Blessings of Xhy Blood partake, 
Who drink the Sacred Wine lor Thy dear sake.'' 



MATHESIUS, JOHANNES 

This volume also contains a few hymns 
which are worthy of attention. [J. J.} 

Mathains, Walter John, was Kin Lon- 
don, Oct. SO, 1853. Early in life he went to 
sea ; but on returning through Palestine to 
England he began to study for the Ministry. 
In 1874 he entered the Regent's Park Bap- 
tist College bb a Student, and subsequently 
had a pastoral charge at Preston, Lancashire. 
In 1879, his health failing, he went for a time 
to Australia and other places. Returning to 
England, he became, in 1883, minister at 
Falkirk, Scotland, and in 1888, at Birmingham. 
Whilst a student, he pub. a small Volume of 
hymns and poems as At Jesus 1 Feet (1 876). 
He is also the author of several religious books 
of a popular character, as: Fireside Parables, 
1879; Sunday Parables, 1883, ftc. His princi- 
pal hymns are: — 

1. Bright falls the moraine light. Morning. 

2. Gentle Jeans, full of grace. Learning ej Christ. 

3. Go, work for God, and do not soy. Ckriitian Work, 

4. God loves the little sparrows. Divine Providence. 
6. Jews, Friend of little children. Chiles Prayer to 

Chritt. 

6. My heart, God, be wholly Thine. Consecration, 

1, No room fix Thee, Lord Jesus. Bo roan for 
Chritt. 

a. Kelgn In my heart Great God. Oomtaration. 

». Soiling on the ocean. Life a Voyage. 

Noa. 1 and 6 of these hymns first appeared 
in his At Jesus 7 Feet, 1876. Mr. Mathams has 
written several other hymns which hare ap- 
peared in magazines and elsewhere. One of 
these, "Good nas come from Nazareth," has 
been set to music by Dr. E, J. Hopkins. The 
9 hymns named above are mainly in Baptist 
hymn-books, [W, B. SJ 

M&thesiue, Johannes, s. of Wolfgang 
Mathesius, town councillor at Boehiita, was 
b, at Bochlitz, June 24, 1501. He studied 
for a short time at the University of Ingol- 
studt Thereafter he acted as family tutor at 
Odekhausen, near Munich, where, in 1526, 
he found Luther's Von den gufen Werken 
(Wittenberg, 1523); and then while living at 
Brack (Furstenfeld-bruck), near Munich, read 
two of Luther's tractates on the Holy Com- 
munion. Attracted thus to Wittenberg he 
matriculated there May 30, 1529, studied with 
great zeal and graduated m,a. in 1530. In 
the end of IBM he joined the staff of the 
school at Altenburg, and in the spring of 1532 
was appointed rector of the gymnasium at 
Joaohiinsthal in Bohemia. He resigned this 
poet in 1540, and returned to Wittenberg to 
complete his studies in theology. Thereafter 
he was, in 1541, appointed diaconus, and, in 
1545, pastor at Joachimsthal. While preaching 
on the Gospel for the 16th S. after Trinity, 
Oct 7, 1565 (his subject being the " Son of tbe 
widow of Nain, and the hope of eternal life "), 
he was struck with paralysis, and, being car- 
ried to his house, d. there some three nonra 
later (Koch i. 880, ii. 475 ; Heraog's Beat-En- 
oyklopSdie, ix. 398, ore). 

Mathesius was of most lovable and charitable spirit, 
and a model pastor, who thoroughly adapted himself to 
hie life among a mining population. He was a dis- 
tinguished preacher, hie sermons ranking among the 
best of the period, the most famous being those in his 
Sarepta odor BergpestiU. Romberg, 1M2, founded on 



those passages of Scripture referring to metallurgy or 
mining, the title being suggested by S&repta or Zare- 
poath {1 Kings xvli. »), the Hebrew name meshing 



mining, the title being suggested by S&repta or Zare- 
poath {1 Kings xvli. »), the Hebrew name meshing 
amelting-place. Besides other volumes of Mmums and 



MATHESON, ANNIE 

devotional works he also pub. sltfe of Luther (Historian 
van,, . Doctoris Martini Lathers Aitfang, Lehf, Leien 
tmd Ster&en, Nflrnberg, IMS) completed Just before 
bis death, and with m preface dated Oct. £, 1865. His 
hymns are few In Dumber, and appeared scattered to 
bis various publications. Wackernagel, 111. pp. IWO- 
HS1, gives 31 pieces, of which Is may be called bymns j 
and is of tbeae pieces with a memoir by K. F. Ledder- 
bose appeared at Halle In 1B&& [see also under Herman, 
V„ p. tU, fl.]. The finest of all hli hymns, the beau- 
tiful cradle teas, "Hun ecblaf mein liebee Kindelein " 
[Wtebtntagd iii. p. 1162, from a Nurnberg broadsheet 
r.d, c. 1WQ, in la et. of 4 1. ; and in the Berlin O. £. S. 
ed., 18B3, Ho, 1416] does not seem to nave been if. into 
English. 

Those of Matherius's hymns which have 
passed into English aro : — 

L Aus suds** Benehs Grande. Jfornfnj. This 
has generally, though apparently with out grou nd, 
been ascribed to Mathesius, and is included in 
the 1855 ed. of his Gtistiickt Lieder, p. 149, 
Bat it is not found in any of his original works 
now extant, nor in the collected cd. of his 
Schdne geistlkhe Lkder, Nurnberg, 1580; and 
the ascription to him hag not been traced earlier 
than in M. Prstorius's Mtttae Sioniae, 1610. 
Wae&mtagel, v. pp. 177-184, gives 8 forms vary- 
ing from 6 to 15 at, (some beginning " Von 
meines Iferzens Grunde"); the oldest, in 7 st. 
of 8 1., being from a Qernn^nkhiein pub. at 
Hamburg in 1593. He ranks it as anonymous. 
The text of 1592 is No, 440 in the Unv. L. &, 
1851, The hymn was a great favourite with 
Gustavus Adofphus, and was often eung by his 
army at morning prayer. The ft*, from the 
text of 1592, are:— 

I. My haait it* inoenae burning;. In full, by 
Dr. H. Mills, in his Home Qer., 1856, p. 220, 
repeated, abridged, in M. W, Stryker*s Christian 
Chorals, 1885, reading "her incense." 

S. My inmost haart now ndaaa, A good tr, 
omitting at. iv., v, by Miss Winlcworth, in her 
C. B.for England, 1868, No. 164. 

3. iy heart with deep •motion, Omitting at. 
iti., v, by E. Cronenwett as Ko. 294 in the Ohio 
Luth. Hymnal, 1880. 

wtlvr ola his s™ 

(11 "O let Thy 
Bo. 315 inf 
" May Jesur 

11.4-sl, Syi^W. Foster, aslft. lit in the JferoridK 
H. Bit., 1IS9 (ISM, Ko. 1W). (8) "0 God, my heart 
la full of pratee." By Dr. O. Walker, 1SS0, p. W. 

il. Gott Tatar, Boon, heSiMr Mat, Dunns Spteehen 

St Kra waahaen heuiat* Miner** Song, 1st pub. aa 
n getttUch Berehtiei, 1MB, and thence to Waiktr- 
naatt, tit. p. Iisi, In e st Tr. as " 0, Father, Son, and 
Holy Ghost, Thou God, dost fix the miner's poet." By 
JKit WHtkaorth, 1SW, r. 144. fj. M.] 

Hatheeon, Annie, eldest daughter of 
Hot. James Matheson, Congregational Minu- 
ter, of Nottingham, was b. at Blackheath, 
March, 1853, and now (1888) resides at Not- 
ting Hill, London, 

At an early age sbe shewed conaMerabte literary abi- 
lity, her first hymn, "Jesus, the children are calung," 
being composed when she was only 13 years old. This 
hymn, attracting the attention of Dr. George MacDou- 
akVwaa introduced by Mm to the notice of the editor 
of Good TFoKti, who inserted it to that magazine, as a 
"Hymn by a Child." In 1849 appeared "I am west 
and weary. Lord," and from that time Mies Matheson 
has been a frequent contributor to Good Word*. Mae- 
tnittan, IV Spectator, St, Nicholas, and other magatlnea, 
both English and American. Her illustrated book for 
children, Margaret 'e Fear Book, containing twelve poems 
from her pea, was pub. In im. 

The following are the best known of Miss 
Mnthcson's hymns : — 

.1. Dear Heater, what can children da? Chilirm as 
Workers for Christ. 



> let Thy angels always dwell " (st, v.). As 
to pt. 1. of the Moravian B. Sk., mi. (a) 
bus 1 Brace and Musing" C«t. iii. 11.1,2; vif. 



MAUDE, MABY FAWLEB 719 

a. How Bball we worship Thee, Lord? Wrtns 
Worslap. 

3. I am weak and weary. Lord. Divine Strength 
desired. 

4. Jesus, the children are calling. Children's Prayer 
to Christ. 

t. Lord, when we have not any light, Evening. 

5. little birds, that alt day long. God's Love to all 
Creaturtt. 

1. The little snowdrops rise. Xatier. 

s. When through life's dewy fields we go. Comfort 
in Qoa y t Pretence, 

Of these hymns. Nob, fi, 6, and 1 were written for 
\f. E, Stevenson's School Xymnat, 1880 ; and tfos. 1 
and a ftr a Harvest Festival about 1HB*. 

Miss Matheson'a h^nins are characterised by 
a pleasing combination of dmplicity and re- 
finement, both of thought and expression. 

[W. R. S.] 

Mateon, WUliam OTdd, was h. at West 
Hackney, Loudon, Oct 17, 1833, He was 
educated first under the the Kev. J. M. Gould, 
and then tvt St John's College, Cambridge. 
Subsequently he studied under Professor 
Nesbitt, at tho Agricultural and Chemical 
College, Kennington. In 1853 he underwent 
a great spiritual change. Leaving the Church 
of England, he first joined the Methodist New 
Connexion body, and then the Congrega- 
tionalists. After the usual theological train- 
ing, he entered tbe ministry, and held several 
pastorates, including Havnnt, Hants; Oos- 
port ; Highbury ; Portsmouth, and others. His 
poetical works include : — 

(1) A Sttmmer Evening Reverie, and Other Poena, 
186V j (2) fonu, 1S6S j (3) PUataret of the Sanctuary, 
1S66 ; (4) The Inner iAfe, lees ; (S) Sacred Lyriei, 
18J0 ; (Sj Three Sv-pdentcntai Sipnnt, Ac, 18TS ; (> j 
The WorU BedteatO, 18BI, fte. 

Several of Matson's hymns have been given 
in Alton's Suppl. Hyt. ; Horder's Cong, Hymns ; 
The Baptist Hymnal ; Dale's English H. Bk. ; 
Barretts Cong. Cltureh Hymnal, 1887, and 
others. The best known are : — 



1. Father, of all, Whose wondrous power. 
(*« Holy Trinity, 



•Projerto 



2, Glory, glory to God In the higheet. Christmas. 
S. God Is in His temple. Divine WbriHij). 

4. I'm but a little child. J. Child's Prayer, 

5. In whom shall I find comfort ? God, the Source of 
Comfort. 

S. Lord, Iwaablindjloouldnotsee. Christ, the Life 
of Men. 

T. O Messed Life, the heart at rest. Christ the Life 
of Men. 

8. Teach me, O lard, Toy holy way. Divine 
Outdance desired. 

Mr Matson's hymns show a considerable 
mastery of the forms of hymnio expression, 
but are somewhat lacking in lyrio energy, 
Those written for use with German chorales 
are excellent efforts, and rank with his best 
work. Taken as a whole his hymns are 
far above the average, and deserve wide 
acknowledgment. [W. G. H.] 

Matthsaiiifi, Johannes, puthsshu, 7.] 

Matthews, Hose, a nam de jjJtwne of 
Mrs. Van Alstyne. 

Maude, Mary Fawlor, nee Hooper, 

daughter of George Henry Hooper, of Stan- 
more, Middlesex, was married in 1811 to the 
late Joseph Maude, some time Vicar of Chirk, 
near Boabon, and Hon. Cation of St. Asaph, 
who d. in Feb. 1887. Mrs. Maude's hymns 
were pub. in her Twelve Letters on Confirma- 
tion, 1848, and in Memorial* of Pant Yean, 



720 



MATJKICE, JANE 



1852 (privately printed). Her beet known 
hymn, is '* Thine for ever, God of love " 
yConfirmatimi). Concerning it His. Maude 
Bays : — 

"It was written In latT for my class in the Girls' 
Sunday School of St. Thomas, tfewport. Isle of Wight, 
and pub. in 1S4S at the beginning of a little book called 
' Twelve Letters on Confirmation,' by a Sunday School 
Teacher, and reprinted to the Mmorialt, WW." 
[s. Has.] 

The original is in 7 si of 4 1. It is usually 
abbreviated, ami at. it, iii. transposed, as in 
the S. P. C. K. Church Hymn», 1871 ; the Hy. 
Comp. ; H. A. & iff., 1875, Thring's Coll., 188:!, 
and most other hymn-books. As a hymn for 
Conflrmatiouite use is Extensive. The omitted 
stanzas are ; — 

" Thine for ever in that day 

When the world (ball pass away; 

When the trumpet note shall eound, 

And the nations underground 
" Shall the awful ffummoiie hear, 

Which proclaims the Judgment near. 

Tblue for ever. 'Neath Thy wlogs 

Hide and save us, Xlog of Kings." [J. J.] 

Maurice, Jane, sister of the Eev, P. 

Maurice (see below), contributed to her bro- 
ther's Choral Symn Book, 1861, 20 hymns to- 
gether with one or two additions to others, 
and all nnder the signature of *' J. M." The 
best known is " Glory to God, for the Day- 
spring is dawning " (Advent'). Taken as a 
whole her hymns are limited to her brother's 
book. Miss Maurice was b. at Tyddyn Tudor, 
Denbighshire, Oct 19, 1812, [J. J.] 

Maurice, Peter, d.d.,s, of Hugh Maurice, 
of Plas Gwyn, Llanrug, Carnarvon shire, and a 
desoendent of one of the oldest families in 
Wales, was b. at Plas Gwyn, June 29, 1803, 
and educated at Jesus College, Oxford (b.a. 
1826, D.B. 1840). He was Chaplain of New 
College, 1828-58, and of All Souls, 1837- 
1858, and Curate of Kenntngton, Berks, 
1829-51. In 1858 he was preferred to the 
Vicarage of Yamton. He d. March 30, 1878. 
He pub. several pamphlets against Popery 
(Popery tn Oxford, 1832), and was author and 
editor of :— 

(1) Choral Marmony, 18.6s j (S) Hinsi in Four 
Paris for Congregational Worships isaft; (a) Supple* 
nent to Choral Harmony, 1SSB; and (O The Choral 
BJpnn Book, Pialau and Eywn* for Publicand Private 
Ute, Compiled, Prepared, and Ompotedat a Companion 
to the Choral Harmony, h.d. [1861.] 

To this Choral H. Bk. Dr. Maurice con- 
tributed 23 hymns under the initials " P. m." 
Of these only two or three are found outside 
of his work, as : " Come, my soul, cast off all 
sorrow" ( Confidence in Ood); and * I lift mine 
eyes to Zion's hill " (Pt. <se**.). To the Choral 
H. Bk. A. T. Russell and Dr. S. P. Tregelles 
contributed a large number of original hymns 
in ms., which are practically unknown else- 
where. This book should be consulted by 
hymnal compilers. [J. J.] 

Maxwell, James, was b, in Renfrew- 
shire in 1720. In his youth he journeyed to 
England with a hardware pack, but eventu- 
ally returning to Scotland, he fallowed the 
joint occupation of schoolmaster and poet. In 
1783, during a famine in Scotland he was re- 
duced to great destitution, and had to earn 
his bread by breaking stones on the highway. 
Most of his publications (from 30 to 40 in all) 



MEDIA VITA IN MOBTE 

were produced after that period. The two 
irotks In which wo are interested are : — 

(1) Bymm and Spiritual Sonoi. In Three Book*. 
U6B. (I) A tfew Vertion of the whole of the Book 0/ 
Pialme in Mitre ; by Jamet Maxwell, S, D, P. [Student 
of Divine Poetry.} Glasgow, im. 

From the former of these the following 
hymns are in CL U. : — 

1. AH {dory to the eternal Three. BWs Trbiity. 

1. Didst Thou, dear Jesus [Saviour], suffer shame, 
Rttignation and Couragt. 

3. Go forth, ye heralds, in my Name. Mtttiont. 

The last of these is in somewhat extensive 
nse in America, where it appeared as early as 
in the Prayer Book Coll., 1789. Maxwell d. 
at Paisley (where be was known as the Pauley 
Foet, or as he put it on the title-page of some 
of his books, Foet in Paitley) in 1800. 

[J. T. B.J 

May not the eoverelgn Lord of all 
I. Watt*. [Election.] This cento is com- 
posed of st. iii., v., viL of his "Behold the 
potter and the clay," which appeared in his 
fly*, and Spiritual 8., 1709, in 8 st. of i I, 
with the heading " Election sovereign and 
free." The use of this cento is confined 
mainly to America, [J. J.] 

May the grace of Christ our [the] 
Saviour; And the Father's, &e. J. 

Newton. {Clou of Service.'] This paraphrase 
of 2 Oor. xiii. 14, appeared in the Olney 
Hymns, 1779, Bk. iii., No. 101, in 1 st. of 8 L 
As a short hymn for the close of Divine Ser- 
vice it has become very popular, and is in use 
in all English-speaking countries, and some- 
times as"May the grace of Christ (fte Saviour.'* 
It has also been tr. into several lang 
The Latin tr. "Gratia nostri Salvatoris," 
in Bingham's Hymno. Christ. Lot, 1871. 

[J. J] 

Mayfert, Johann Matth&us. [Ksy 
tut, j, atvj 

Media vita In morte sumus. [Burial 
of the Dead.] In the Paris ed., 1531, of the 
Breviarwun ad uawirt insignis ecolesiae Sanm 
there is given "Ad Completoriun)," as the 
Antiphon to the Nunc DimittU, for 15 days 
about the middle of Lent : — 

Ant. Media vita in morte somas: quetn qoaerlmna 
adjutorem nisi te Domtne, qui pro peccatis uoatrfa Juste 
Irasceris. Sancte Deus 1 Sancte fbrtis : Saocte et mise- 
rlcors Salvator: amaras mortt ds tradas nos. Y. Ke 
projictaa nos In tempore seuectutls cum defecsrit virtus 
nostra, nederelinqUBSnosDomLne. Sancte Deus : [Saocte, 
Jec] V. Noll danders aures tuas ad pieces nostras. 
Sancte fbrtis: [3ancte, Ax.] V. Qui cognosds occulta 
cordis pares peccatla uostrls. Sancte et miserlcors Sal- 
vator amarae mortl ne trade nos. (Cambridge Press 
Reprint, 1B7», jrate. 1. col. dcllH. and less, Tate. li. 
col. 2!8.) It »lw occurs in the Ibrk Breviary of Ilia 
(Surtees Society's reprint, issn, i. 328), 

A rendering of this form is given in the 
Church of England Order for the Burial of 
Out Dead as to be said or sung at the grave : 
beginning, "In the midst of life we are in 
death." Dr. H. Boner, in his Hys. of Faith 
and Mope, 2nd Series, 1861, gives a tr. of the 
antiphon in metre as "In the midst of tliisour 
life." The antiphon is found in an 11th 
cent. us. in the British Museum (Harl. 2961, 
f. 59) for use during Lent; and in a 12th cent. 
Mozarabic Breviary (Add. 30849, f. 63). It is 
also given from later mss. by Mone,.'So. 289, 
and 3for«(, p. 68. As parallels from the 
Fathers, Mone quotes the following : — 



MEDIA VITA IN MORTE 

Usque ad flnem mnndl fccemus In raorte Gregoi: M. 
Mor, 14,ss. Uniculque mortalltim sub quotidianis vltae 
hnjas csefbue iununteraoileB mortes quodaminodo com* 
mtnantur. Avguttin. de civ* del 1, B, Afala mora pu- 
tandanones^usmlmnaTitapraeceaserlt. Neqoeenfm, 
theft malum mortem, nisi quod eequltnr mortem. Non 
Itaqne mnltatn corundum est els, qui necesserlo morl- 
tnn rant, quid acddst, ut morlantnr, sed morieiido quo 
in cogantur, Avgiutin. Ibid. He adds tilt It iu pro- 
bably suggested by the antipbon Bapeetm (p. S7S, 2.), 

According to tradition the antiphon was 
written by Notker (d. 912) after watching the 
workmen building a bridge at the Martina- 
tobel, a goi>;e of the (Mdach on its course 
from St. Grill to the Lake of Oonstanz (the 
present wooden bridge, 96 feet high, was built 
in 1468). This tradition, however, has not 
been traced earlier than the Chronicle of 
J. Metzler, written in 1613 (St. Gall MS. No. 
1408}, olid no evidence con be found for either 
the stcry or the ascription. Moreover the 
anliphon is only given in three of the fit. Gall 
Msa., and these comparatively recent, viz. No. 
388 of the 14th cent, No. 418 of 1431, No. 
M6 of 1507, and none of these name Notker 
as the author. (See G. Soherrer's Verxeich- 
nite der Handnehmten der Sttftt/bibliotliek vo» 
8L Gallen. Halle, 1875, pp. 165-167.) 

Eambach, In his Anftotonw, i. p. MS, !IL pp. vti.-vilt., 
says that by the middle of we xlU. cent. It had come Into 
universal use as * hymn of Prayer and ^application In 
times of trouble, was sung regularly at Oomplfne on tlie 
eve of Latitats Sunday, and was used by the people as 
an Incantation. Baasler, In his AltehrislRehc hieder, 
ISCe, p. SO, adds that it was used as a- war gong by the 
priests accompanying the hosts before and during; battle; 
and that at a synod bold at Cologne in 1316 (1310), on 
account of the magical properties ascribed to ft, lta use 
ni forbidden unless by pennfsjlon of the Bishop. Gra- 
dually it fell Into dlsnae, and haa now disappeared from 
the services of the Roman Catholic Church. The re- 
frain "Sancte Dens," &c (founded on Isaiah vi. 5) lsaald 
to date from the Mb cent. It la based on the Truagion, 
an invocation Introduced into tbe Greek service books 
about a.d, «». [gee Greek Bymnedy, ) x. ).] 

In the 15th cent trt. into German had 
oome into use. One of these is given by 
WacJtemagel, li, p, 749, from a 15th cent MS, 
at Munich, thn* : — 

" En mitten Id des lebens xeyt 

sey wlr mit tod umbfingen : 

Wen such wlr, der una hJlffe gelt, 

von dem wif huld erlangen. 

Den dlcb, Herre. al syne } 

der dn umb nnser missetat 

rechtlloben anrnen tnest. 

Heyliger bene got, 

heyllger starcker got, 

heyliger pannherulger nailer, ewtaer got, 

leas una nit gewalden dea pittern todea pot." 
He also gives (p. 730) nearly the same text 
from the Basel Plenarima of 1514. This 
stanza Martin Itutber took with alterations, 
added in two stanzas the Gospel delineation 
of Life through Christ to the Mediaeval pic- 
ture of Death, and pub. it as a hymn of 3 st. 
of 14 lines, beginning Mitten wir im Ltben 
sind, in the Erfurt Enchiridion of 1524. 
Thence in WaxkernagA, iii. p. 10, in Schircks*a 
ed. of Luther's Gewtliche Lieder, 1854, p. 89, 
and in the Um. L. S. 1861, No. 566. Justly 
railed " A hymn of triumph over the Grave, 
Death and Hell," it took and still holds a 
Joremost place among German hymns for the 
dying, and has comforted many in their last 
conflict. The translations from the German 
in O. II. are ; — 

1, Xost holy £exd and CM 1 The German text 
from which this is tr. ia at. iii., 11. 8-13, altered 
by N, L. Zinxendorf, and included In the BrSder 



MEDIAE NOCTIS TEMPOBE 721 

0. B., 1778, as part of No. 585, the Litany on 
the Life, Sufferings and Death of Jesas Christ, 
and again, as part of No, 1464, tbe Church 
Litany thus : — 

" Hetliger Hen nad Oott 1 
Helliger starker Oottt 
Helliger barmbeniget Hdlaud, 
Dn ewiger Gott t 
loss nns nie entfailen 
Unsera TYost ana delnen Tod. 
Kyrie elelson ! " 

This stanza was tr, as part of the Church 
Litany in the Moravian It Bk. 1789, p. 223, in 
7 lines, and included as No. 129 in 1801, In 
thel808£u£pfcHi£nltothe Marav. H. Bk. a single 
stanza identical save in 11. 5, 6, was included as 
No. 1175. In the 1826 ed. these stansas were 
united as No. 156 (ed. 188S, No. 137), and re- 
pented unaltered as No, 405 in the Irish CAurcA 
Hymnal, 1873. No, 561 in the 1872 Appendix 
to Mercer's G. B. $ ff. Bi. is an adaptation 
by Edward Jackson, 11. 5, $ being given in 3 
varied forms, making 3 sta. 

1. When we walk the paths of life. A para- 
phrase in 14 st. of 6 lines, by Miss Fry, in her 
Jty. of tho Befennation, 1845, p, 147, Her st. 
v., i., x., ix., xiv. altered and beginning "God 
of mercy, unto Thee," were included in J. Whitte- 
more'a Sapp. to All S. Bks., I860, nnd her st. 
v., ii., xiv. altered and beginning " God of holi- 
ness! to Thee," in Maurice's Choral II. Bk., 
1861. 

t, Lo ! the mid-day seam «t life, A free tr. of 
st. i. iii., by A. I. Knssell, as No. 255 in his Pa. 
j- Zfjrs. 1851, and repeated, slightly altered, in 
Kennedy, 1863. 

4- Though in midat of lile we .be. Good and 
foil, by U, Masaie, in his M. Zuther's £^rir. Songs, 
1854, p. 80. Thence, unaltered, save "Hnve 
mercy, Lord," for " Kyrie eleiaon," as No. 431 
in the ed, 1857 of Mercer's C. B. # It. Bk. (Ox. 
ed., 1864, No. 488, omitting st. ii.). 

t. The pangs of death are near. A free tr., in 
3 st. of 10 ]., as No, 1203 in the Andorer 
Sabbath H.Bk.,USS. 



Other trs. are: — (l V In the myddest of our ly vynge, 
by A). Cmtrdalt, 1M» (Stmaini 18«, p. SM), (1) 
" living, but in midst of death," by J. Anderson, IBM, 
p. 11 (ed. 181), p. BO). (3) " What Is our life } 'a fleet- 
ing breath," by Jfr. J. Mnt, isss, p. isi, (4) "In tbe 
midst of life, behold," by Jfiis Winkmrtk, 18*5, p. 236. 
(«) "In tbe midat of life Is death," by Dr. B. MO.lt, 
18BS,p. It. (fi) "In the midst of life we are," by Dr. Q. 
MacQon&ld, in the Sunday Magatine, 1BST, p. 840, and 
tnenoe altered in his Bxatia. 1810,^ 10». (7) "In tbe 
midBt of life, by death," In a. Garratt'a Hjfi. £ Tram., 
18OT, p. S3. [J. M,] 

Mediae nootls tempore. [Midnight.'] 
This hymn is found in s^ghUy varied forms 
in a hs., o. 890, in the Bodleian (Junius 25 f. 
122 V), where it is entitled "A Hymn at Noc- 
turns on Bandaya " ; in the 8th cent. Bangor 
AntiphOJtary now at Milan, (see Bymuuinm) ; 
in a 9th cent. Bheinan us, ; in an 8th cent. 
MS. in the Vatican, ftc. (See Daniel, i., "So. 
31, iv. p. 26, &c., where it reads "Mediae 
noctis tempus est") In an 11th cent, jB*b*o> 
robtc ffymnariwn in the British Mnsenn> 
(Add, 30,851, f. 168 6), it is givtn as the 
second part of a long hymn which begins 
"Jean defensor omnium ; and with this text 
may be compared Neale's Hymni Ecdenae, 
1851, p, 6, where he professes to give tbe text 
of Arevalus's Symnodia Hitpanitta, 1786, 

[J. M.] 



722 



MEDLEY, SAMUEL 



Translations in C. U, : — 

1, 'Tii tho solemn midnight hour. By E. Cns- 
wall. lstpuli.iQhi8]aasj«eo/lfai'j;,1858,p.374, 
and again in his Ha*. & Poem*, 1873, p. 235, in 
13 st. of 4 1. This is repeated in tho 2nd ed. 
1863 of the Appendix to the H. Noted, No. 117. 
In Nicholson's Appendix Hymnal, 1866, it is 
divided into two parts, part ii. beginning "At 
the solemn midnight hour." 

9. It is flu midnight hour. By Elizabeth 
Charles, in her work The Voice of Christian 
Life m Song, 1858, p. 94, in 13 st. of 4 1. This, 
in a recast fonn by Canon W. Cooke, was given 
in the Hymnary, 1872, in 6 et. of 8 ], and open- 
ing with the same first line. 

In W. J. Blow's Church Hy. and Tune Bk„ 
1852-55, st. i., ii., xv., xvi., xviii. of tho " Jesu 
defensor omnium" form of the text mo Ir. as 
"Jesu, our Captain and our King." This is 
repeated in Kite's Sel. therefrom, 1870. [J. J.] 

Medley, Samuel, b. June 23, 1738, at Ch es- 
hunt, Herts, where his father kept a school, 
He received a good education ; but not liking 
the business to which he was apprenticed, he 
entered the Boyal Navy. Having been se- 
verely wounded in a battle with tho French 
fleet off Port Lagos, in 1759, he was obliged 
to retire from active service. A sermon by 
Dr. Watts, read to him about this time, led to 
his conversion. He joined the Baptist Ohureh 
in Eagle Street, London, then under the oare 
of Dr. Gtifford, and shortly afterwards opened 
a school, which for several years he conducted 
with great success. Having begun to preach, 
he received, in 17G7, a call to Become pastor 
of the Baptist church at Watford. Thence, in 
1772, he removed to Byrom Street, Liverpool, 
•where he gathered a large congregation, and 
for 27 years was remarkably popular and use- 
ful. After a long and painful illness ho d. 
Julyl7, 1793. Mostof Medley's hymns were 
first printed ou leaflets or in magazines (the 
Gospel Magazine being one). They appeared 
in book form as: — 

(1) flymn», &c. Bradford, 17S5. This contains 13 
hymns. (2) Bymnt on Select Portions of Scripture, 
J>y the Sen. Mr. Xedtey. 2nd At. Briltol. W. Fine. 
1793. This contains 34 hymns, and differs mucb from 
the Bradford edition both in the text and in the onier 
of the hymns. (3) An enlargement of (ha buds in 17 87. 
(4) A small collection of new ajriani. London, ITS*. 
This contains 23 hymns. (5) Xymnt. The Public 
Worthip and Private Devotion of True Christian* 
Attisted in tw thought* in Terse; principally drawn 
from Select Postages of tho Word of God. By Samuel 
Medley, London, Printed far J. Johnson, 1800. A 
few of hia hymns arc alBO lbund in a CoU. for tho use of 
All Denomination!, pub. in London in 1783. 

Medley's hymns have been very popular in 
his own denomination, particularly among 
the more Oaivinistio churches. In Denham's 
Bel. there are 48, and iu J. Stevens's Bel. 30. 
Their charm consists less in their poetry than 
in tho warmth and occasional pathos with 
which Ihey give expression to Christian ex- 
perience. In most of them also there is a 
refrain in tho last line of each verse which is 
often effective. Those in C. U. include :— 

1. Come, join yesalots, with heart and voice. (WOO.) 
Complete in Christ. 

2. Death is no more among oar foes. Baster. 

3. Eternal Sovereign 1/0*3 of all. (1789.) Praise 
for Providential Care, 

n. Far, fir beyoni these lower skies. (1789.) Jesus, 
ihi forerunner. 



MEET AND BIGHT IT IS 

S, Father of mercies, God of love, whose kind, fcc, 
(1>8».> New rear. ,, 

«., Great God, to-day Thy grace Impart, xejan 

1. Hear, gracious God! a sinner's cry. (1»)I«* 
e. In heaven the rapturous song began, carat- 
s'. Jesus, engrave It on my heart. (178».) Jetas, 
10. Mortals, awake, with angels join, (1W2.) Christ- 

m ¥i. My soul, arise in joyful lavs. (1789.) Joy in God. 

12. Mow, in a song of grateful praise. Prune to 
Jesus. In theColpel Xaaatine, Juue,17i8, ,„„., 

13. conld I apeak the matchless worth. (178».) 
Praise of Jesus. 

14. O for a bright celestial ray. Ifnt. . 
IB. God, Tby mercy, vast an* free. (1800). Dedi- 
cation of Self to Ood. *.».„. 

1*. O let us tell the matchless love. Praise to Jesus. 

17. O what aniaxing words of grace. (1788.) Foun- 
tain of lAving Waters. ,.„,„* 

18. Saints die, and we shooW gently weep, fisoa.) 
Death ond Burial. From his "Dearest of Names, 
Our Loid and King." 

19. See a poor staler, dearest Lord. Lent. 

20. Sing the dear Saviour's glorious fume. (1780). 
Jetus the Breater of bonds. 

In 1800 a Memoir of Medley was pub. by 
his son, which is regarded by members of the 
family now living as authoritative. But in 
1833 appeared another Memoir by Medley's 
daughter Sarah, to which are appended 52 
hymns for use on Sacramental occasions. 
These she gives as her father's. But 8 of 
them are undoubtedly by Thos. Kelly, pub. 
by him in 1815, and reprinted in subsequent 
editions of his Hymns. The remainder are 
by Medley. Nearly all of these 52 hymns 
(both Medley's and Kelly's) have been altered 
in order to adapt them to Sacramental use. 
In Sarah Medley's volume, Kelly's hymns all 
follow one another, and three of them are in 
a metre which Medley apparently never used. 
What could have beon Sarah Modley|s motive 
in all this it is hard to divine. She is said to 
have been a clever, though unamiable woman, 
and was herself the author of a small volume 
of Poem* pub. in 1807. In the Memoir she 
does not conceal tier hatred or her brother. 

[W. B. S.] 



Meet and right it 
every time arid, place. 

night. Choral ■Fesfxnals.] 
Sae. Poem*, 1749, vol. ii. 
8 1. It is Na U of 19 



ifi to Bine, At 

O. Wetley. [Watch- 
Pub. in Hy». and 
Na 97, in i eL of 
"Hymns for tho 



Watchnight" ; and together with others from 
the same Watchnight hymns was frequently 
reprinted in a separate form (P. Works, 
18C8-72, vol, v. p. 279). It was included, with 
slight alterations, in the We*. S. Bk., 1780, 
No. 212, and has been repeated in .several 
collections in G. Britain and America. Al- 
though originally written as a Watchnight 
hymn it can be easily adapted for Choral 
Festivals, and as such it would be a hymn of 
great merit. [J. J.] 

Meet and right it Is to sing ; Glory 
to our God and King. C. Wetley. [fldty 

Communion.] This paraphrase of the words 
of "The Order for the Administration of 
the lord's Supper," &o~, in the Book of Con*. 
Prayer, "It is very meet, right, and our 
bouuden duty," &c. was pub. in Hys. and Sae. 
Poems, 1740. in 7 st. of 4 1. (P. Work*, 
1868-72, vol. i. p. 286). In 1753 G. White- 
field gave st. i.-iii. aud vi. in an altered form 



MErA KAI IIAPAAOSON ©ATMA 

In his Coll. of Hy»., as No. 61. This form 
wiia repeated by M. Hadan in his P«. * fljrs., 
1760, and again by several others, including 
Bickerateth, in his Christian Psalmody, 1833, 
(in 3 st.), and thus came into use in the 
Church of England. [J. J.] 

Meya /cat 'jrap&Soljov 6avf&a. St. 
Oermanits. [Christmas.'] Dr. Neale, in his 
Hg*. of the Eastern Church, 1862, calls these 
slimzds " Stichera for Christmas-Tide," and 
ascribes them to St. Anatolius. In the Greek 
office for Christmas Day in tho Memen, they 
arohowovcr ascribed to St. Gerra&nus, In the 
4th cd. of the Hys. of the Eastern Church, 
1 882, Sir. Hatherly explains the error thus : — 
" The original Greek of this Hymn la in two stanzas, 
both of which in the Jfefunm, in ascribed to S. Ger- 
manns. AdJoinLng&tanBaaluthoBameeeriesof Apoaticha 
from which the fiisfc is taken an ascribed to S. Anatolius, 
hence, probably, tho tnlstoke of Dr. Neale, fa the 
previous editions, where this hymn ocean as tbe work 
of that eilot. The two etauiaa in tbe ApoMcb* are in 
invena order to that here given M (p. M). 

Dr. Neale's tr. in his Hys. of the Eastern 
Church, 1862, begins, "A great and mighty 
wonder," and is in 6 st. of 4 1. In 1863 it 
was repeated in the Parifk H. Bk, in 1868 
in tho Appendix to H. A. & M.., and again in 
other collections in G. Britain and America. 
Mr. Hatherly gives in his note a prose tr, of 
the original, whilst Dr. Littledale has a blank 
verso tr. in his Of/toes from the Service Book* 
of the Holy Eastern Church, 1863, p. 181, and 
the original also, at p. 61. [J, J.j 

Meya to ftwrrijptov. CAo-m>u«i TdVrtj 

Anof.] 

Meifart, Joh&nn MatfoSus. [Mey- 

fart, I, M.] 

Mein Erloser kennet mich. [Cros$ 
and Consolation.'] InFreyItaghausen's!?r r et««* 
geistreiche* G. B„ 1714, No. 783, in 7 st of 6 1. 
Tr. as "MyBedeemer knowethme," byF. W. 
Foster and J. Miller, in the Moravian H. Bk., 
1739, No. 459 (1886, No. 629). [J. M.] 

MfflinCrottbeidirifltaUePUlle. [Grost 
and Consolation.] Included as No, 1291 in 
the Hirsehberg 4. B„ 1741, In 11 st. of 6 1. 
In the Uegnitt G. B., 1745, No. 620, it is 
marked as by"M. Joh. Siegm, Hoffmann." 

[This Is In all probability Johann Slogmund HoB- 
i, b. Feb. 8, 1>11, at Goldberg In Silesia, who,ift«i 



studying and gTadaallng H.A. at Wittenberg, was 
ordained dlaconus at Goldberg, June 30, U37; became 
pastor prhnorius in lT:W;endd. there Hay at, ITS*.] 

Bunsen, in his Vertuch, 1833, No. 797, gives 
st, i,-iii,, i., si. IV, as ; — 

My Hod, in Thee all ndaeu list. A good tr. 
from Sunken by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra 
On:, 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 191, and her C. B. for 
England, 1863, So. 133. [J, M. 

Blein Jemi, wie du willt. B. Schmoleh. 
[Trust in God.] A fine hymn founded on 
■St. Mark xiv. 36. 1st pub. in his Heilige 
Flammen (ed. 1709, No, 1, p. 3 ; probably m 
the 1st ed., 1704), in 11 st. of 8 I, entitled 
"As God will is my aim." In each st, 11. 1, 
8 are "Mein Jesn, wie du willt" Inoludod 
in many German collections, and recently in 
tho Berlin G. L. 8., ed. 1883. Tr. as :— 

My Jesus, as Thon wilt. A good tr,, omit- 
ting st, ii., vi., vji., U., by Miss iiorthwick, in 



MEINHOLD, JOHANN W. 723 

H L, L. 1st Ser., 1854, p. 56 (1884, p. 57). This 
was the favourite hymn of the Rev. Professor 
Skinner of New Tork (d. 1871), and many 
American Christians. It has been included in 
various recent English and American hymnals, 
bnt generally abridged, as e.g. in Dale's English 
H, Bk., 1874 ; Songs for the Sanctuary, S. Y. r 
1865; Laudes Domini, N. Y., 1884, and many 
others. In addition to these it hss also appeared 
under the following first lines ; — 

1. My Saviour, ai Thou wilt, (n tho Amer. Epls. 
Byi. for Ch. £ Borne, 1880 ; Scottish Fretb. Byl., ISIS | 
Canadian Frab. B. Bk., IBM, Ac. 

». O Jems, u Thon wilt, in the R. T. S. Bys. for 
QirUtian Worthip, ISM. 

S. Lord Jesus, a* Thou wilt, in Bp. Kyle's GblL, 1SS0, 
and toe BaptUt Bjtf, 18)9. [J. M,] 

ICelnliold, Johaan Wilhelm, »j>., si 
of Georg Wilhelm Meinhold, pastor at Netz- 
elkow on tbe island of Usedom, was b. at 
Netzelkow, Fob. 27, 1797, and entered tho 
University of Greifswnld in 1813. He became 
rector of the Town School at Usedom in 1820; 
In 1821 lie was appointed pastor of Coserow 
in Usedom, and, in 1828, of Crummin in Use- 
dom (d.D. from Erlangen in 1840), He 
finally became, at Faster, 1844, pastor at 
Behwinkel, near Staigard. He was a stannoh 
Conservative, and after passing through the 
revolntionaiT period of 1848, this feelinr, 
coupled with his leaning to Homan CathoU- 
cism, made him resign his living in the 
autumn of 1850. Ho retired to Cnarlotten- 
bnrg, a suburb of Berlin, and d. there, Nov. 80, 
1851 (Allg. Deutsche Biog^ xxi. 235; lis, 
from Pastor Sebmock of Netzelkow, Ac). 

Sfelnbold is perhaps best known by his historical 
romance Jforia Schmidltr, die BirntttMutx (1S43), 
which pnfeifaed to be taken from an old Irs. and waa 
universally accepted as genuine. His poems appeared 
In his GcdichU, Leipzig. 1B23; VermehrU Gtawhtt, 
Ooserow, I S24 ; Proben Geittlicher Ideder, fitralsund, 
ISM ; Oedisktt, Leipzig, 183(,&o. ; and also in Knapp's 
Ckriitottrpe and Ba. h. S. 

Meinhold's hymns are of considerable in- 
terest. Those tr. into English are : — 

L Outer Hirt,du hut gutfllt. Death of a Child. 
This benntiful little hymn is in his Gedichte, 
Leipzig, 1835, vol, i., p. 38, in 3 st, of 6 1,, and 
headed, " Sung in fouT parts beside the body 
of my little fifteen months' old son Joannes 
Lndislaus." (In reply to inquiries addressed*to 
Crummin in January, 1888, Provinzinl-Vikar 
Bahr has kindly infoiiaed me that this child 
was b. at Crummtn April 16, 1832, d. there, of 
teething, on July 2, and was buried there, July 5 f 
1833.) it is included in Knapp's Ev. Z. 8., 1837, 
No, 3411 (1865, No. 2983). Tr. as :— 

Gentle Shepherd, Thro hast atill'd, A full and 
very good tr. by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra 
Ger., 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 122. This has passed, 
unaltered, into many recent hymnals, as the 
People's H., 1867, Hymnary, 1872, My. Camp., 
1376, &e. ; and in America, into the JWso, Hyt., 
1874, JSvang. Hyi., N. V., 1860, and others. In 
the Appx. of 1868 toH.A.fyM., it was included 
as No. 358, with long in st~ i., 1. 2, altered to 
brief, and beginning, " Tender Shepherd, Thou 
hast stilled." This form baa been followed in 
tho S. P. C. K. Church Hy»., 1871, Bapt. Hyi., 
1879, &c. ; and in America, in tbe Episc. ffymnal, 
1871, Hys. $ Songs of Praise, H.Y., 1874, Lavdes 
Domini, N. Y., 1884, and many others. 

ii. O Bethlehem ! Bethlehem 1 TTai iat in dlr 
a^sthehen. Christmas. This fine hymn is in tin 



724 MELANCHTHON, PHILIPP 

Appendix to Knapp's Ev, L. 8., 1837, p. 837, 
and in Knapp'a ChristoUrpe, 1838, p, 152, in 7 st. 
of 7 L IV, as " Bethlehem ! Bethlehem ! " 
by Dr. H. MMs, 1845 (1856, p. 372). [J. M.] 

Melanchthon, Fhilipp, a. of Georg 
Schwarzert, armourer to the Elector Phltipp 
of the Palatinate, was b. at Bretten, near 
OMlsruhe, Feb. 16, 1497. Prom 1507 to 1509 
he attended the Latin school at Pforzheim, 
and here he was already, by Johann BeucMin, 
called Melanebthon (the Greek form of 
"Black Earth," his German surname). Iu 
October, 1509, he entered the University of 
Heidelberg (b.a. 1511), and on Sept 17, 1512, 
matriculated at Tiibmgen, where he graduated 
'm.a., Jan. 25, 1514, and where he remained 
till 1518 as private lecturer in the philoso- 
phical faculty. On Aug. 29, 1518, he wag 
appointed professor of Greek at the Uni- 
versity of Wittenberg, and in January, 1526, 
also Professor or theology. He d. at Witten- 
berg, April 19, 1560 (jiBjj. DeuUehe Biog., 
xsi. 268, &c). Melanohthon is best knowo 
ns one of the leaders of the German Beforroa- 
tion; us a theologian (Loci eomrnanea, 1521, 
(to.); and as the framer of the famous Con- 
fession presented to the Diet of Augsburg in 
1590, and still accepted as a standard by all the 
sections of Lutheranism in Germany, America, 
and elsewhere. His poems and hymns were 
written in Latin, and exercised no appreciable 
influence on the development of German 
hymnody. They were edited by Grathusen in 
1560, Vincent 1563, Major 1575, &c. ; the most 
oomplete ed. being that by O.G.Bretsohneider, 
at Halle, 1842 (Corpus Beformatorum, vol. x.). 
One of his hymns is noted at p. MS, i. ; and 
a number of others are tr. by Miss Fry in her 
Eckoet of Eternity, 1859. [J. M.] 

Mem of God, go take your stations, 
T. Kelly. [.Minions,] Appeared in his 
Hymns, &&, 1809, No. 156, in 4 st. of 6 I., and 
headed " Cry aloud, spare not. Isaiah lviii. 1" 
(ed. 1853, No. 561). It also appeared in the 
August number of the Evangelical Magazine 
the same year, as a " Missionary Hymn,'' and 
signed " T. K." Its modern use is somewhat 
extensive, especially in America. [J. J.] 

jxTenSBO, The. [Greek Hymnody, § xiv.] 

.Mencken, Liider, u,j>., was b. at Olden- 
burg, Dec. 14, 1658, and became a student 
of law at the Universities of Leipzig and 
Jena ; graduating at Leipzig m.a., 1680, 
ll.o., 1682, In 1682 lie became tutor in the 
faculty of law at Leipzig, and was appointed 
ordinary professor of law iu 1702. After a 
stroke of paralysis, on June 26, he d. at 
Leipzig, Jane 29, 1726. The only hymn 
ascribed ti him is : — 

Aoh kunim, du suaser HoTzeni-Gast. Rely Com- 
mttnion. Included la the Geittreichet G. B., Unrm- 
tladt, 1698, p. 213, in IV St., and repeated in the Berlin 
0. h. S., ed. 1SS3, Ma. «J. The tn. are (1) "Ah come, 
thou my heart's sweetest Guest," as No. 684 [a pt. I, of 
ihe Jtoi-avian H. Bk., 1764, (a) "Ahl come, Thou 
most beloved guest," 48 No. 1186 In the Sitppl. of lens 
to the Xnavian B. Bk. 1S01 (1SB6. Ifo. 081). [J. 31,1 

Mensoh, willt du leban. ueiigli&h. 
M.Luiker. [The Ten Commandments.] Written 
as a concise version for Catechetical use ; and 
1st pub. in the Oeyeiliche gesangk Buchteyn, 
Wittenberg, 1524, Tbenee in Waclcerna^el, 



MENTZEB, JOHANN 

iit. p. 17, in 5 st. of 4 1., and Kyrioleis. In 
Sehiroks's ed. of Luther's Qeittl. Lieder, 1854, 
p. 50, and the Unv. L. 8., 1851, No. 364. 
Bode, p. 279, cites the Allg. latter. Zeilung, 
Jena, 1803, No. 283, as saying that st, i. is 
found in a practically identical form in a 
Quedlinburg us. of 1481. Tr. as: — 

Wilt then, man, live happily. By R. Massie, in 
his M. L.'s Spir. Songs, 1854, p. 53, repeated in 
the Ohio Zitfft, Hyl., 1880, and by Dr. Bacon. 
1884, p. 43. 

Other tn. an : — (1) " Man, wylt thou lyve ver- 
tuouely," by Bp. C&BerdaU, 1S39 (Remains, 1B4C, p. 
54S) ; (2) " If thou a ho!y life wouldst see," by Mr. J. 
Hunt, 1S53, p. 8a ; (3) " MaD, seekest thou to live lu 
bliss," by Dr. Gt. Macdouald, tn the Sunday Mag., 1867, 
p. Ml. In his Emtio, 1878, p. st, It begins, "Han, 
wouldst thou live all blissfully." [J, ]tf.] 

Mentzer, Joheuui, was b. July 27, 1658, 
at Jahtnen, near Hothenburg, in Silesia, and 
became a student of theology at Wittenberg, 
In 1691 he was appointed pastor at Merzdorf ; 
in 1693 at Hauawolde, near Bischofswerda ; 
and in 1696 at Kemnitz, near Berostadt, 
Saxony. He d. at Kemnitz, Feb, 24, 1734 
(G. F. Otto's Lexicon . . . Oberlatisizischer 
ScliriftsidUr, ii., 581 ; ms. from Pastor 
Eichter of Kemnitz, Ac), 

He was a great friend of J. G. Scbwedler, of Henrietta 
Catherine Ton GcrsdorF, and of N. L. von Ztaxendorf, 
all hymn-wrltera, and all bis near neighbours. He was 
himself greatly tried In the furnace of afSlction. He 
wrote a lirge number of hynuiB, over 30 of which 
appeared in the various hymn-books of his time. Many 
of them, especially those of Praise and Thanksgiving, 
and tlwse of Grass and Consolation, are or high 
merit, though sometimes exaggerated and not very 
refined In their imagery, and are full of ardent love to 
Christ, Scriptural, poetical, and also popular tn style. 

The only one in English C. U. is : — 
data ioh tansend Zungen hfettte. Praia and 
Thanksgiving. His best hymn. 1st pnb. as 
No. 406, in Freylmghausen's G. B., 1704, in 
15 st. of 6 1., and repeated in many later colls., 
as the Unv. L. &, 1851, No. 719. 

Lauxmann, lu Jrocfc viii. 350, says this bynm was 
WTltten in 1704 after his house was burned down. In 
reply lo enquiries addressed to Kemnlts, pastor Itlchter 
informs me that the parsonage house there was built 
in the years lfioft and lflOt, and has never been burned 
down. In 1697 a farmhouse near was deslKryed by 
lightning, and possibly Mentzer may have been living 
there at the time; or at any rate this may have suggested 
t\vb hymn and the story. Lauxmann speaks of the 
hymn as having been a great favourite of Caroline 
Perthes of Hamburg, and of J. C. Schlipallua of Dresden, 
and relates various incidents regarding Its blessed and 
comforting effects. 

The tn. in O. V. are :— 

1. Oh that I had a thousand voiaea I A mouth, 
A full tr. by Dr, H. Mills, in his Marx Gsr., 
1S45 (1856, p. 189); repeated, abridged, in the 
American Luth. Gen. Synod's Coll., 1850-52, the 
Ohio Lath. Hyl., 1880, &e. 

8. r>h be unoeaslng praise amending. A good 
tr. of st. i., vii. T vi£j., by A. T. Russell, as 
No. 303, in his Ps. # Ifys., 1851. 

3. Oh tmuW I had a theasand tongue*. A good 
tr., omitting st, ii,, x,, xiii., by Miss Winkworth, 
in heT Zyra Ger., 1st Ser., 1855, p. 1T0 ; and re. 
peated, abridged, in the Meth. JV". Conn. H. Bk., 
18«3. 

4. would, my Boo", that I cenld praise Thee, 
A good tr., in the original metre, by Miss Wink- 
worth, in her C. B. for England, 1863, No. 5, 
being of st. i., iii.-v , sir., xv. This wsa re. 
peated in the Srang. ffyl„ N. Y., 1880. Ar, 



MEBCBtt, WILLIAM 

altered form, beginning with st. iii., "0 all ye 
powers that God implanted,' 1 is in Dr. Knight's 
Colt., Dundee, 1871 and 1874. 

S. I praise Thse, my God and Esther. By 
Miss Winkworth, in her C. B. far England, 1863, 
No. 8. This is of st. vi.-viii., xi., xii., and fol- 
lows the text of Bunsen'sFartfitcfc, 1833, No. 846, 
this eL beginning there, "Lob sei dir, treuer 
Gott und Vuter." Her tr. is repeated in Dr. 
Thomas's Augustine H. Bk^ 1866. 

Other trs. are i : — 

(1) » O that a thousand tongues were granted," by 
Jr", h. Prothingham, 1870, p. 155. (») "0 that a 
thousand tongues were miner And each," by Dr. 
Alexander Matr in the Family Treasury, lSfl, p. 4S3. 

Other hymns by Mentzer, tr. into English 
but not in 0. U,, are: — 

tt. Dtt censst in den Garten btten, fottiontule. 1st 
pub. In the Ltitxm O. B^ 1136, u No. 310, in 11 st. of 
« 1., marked as by Meatier and entitled " Toe true 
school of prayer of Jesus, praying on the Mount of 
Olives, Matt. xxvi. 3S-40." Id the Berlin O. L. 8., 
ed. isea, No. »s, beginning "Du gehst mm Garten 
um an beten," and wrongly ascribed to B, Scbmolck. 
IV. aa "Into the garden ebade to pray," by J. Kelly, 
in the FawiUy Trtatury, 186a, p, asi, 

lii. Tsr das FJeinod will enangeo. Chrittian Wor- 
/sn. A call to spiritual energy, founded on 1 Cor. ix. 
M, 35. Included as No. Jssln the Jifeu-renMitrfet 
OWltrefcaei 0. £., Berlin, 1111, In S st, of 8 1. 1 and 
previously In Scblecbtlger'B 67. S., Berlin, 110*. In the 
Berlin 67. 1, fl, ed. 1883, No. M». IV. as " Who would 
make the prise bis own," By Mitt Wtnkaorth, isss, 
p. 187. [J. JL] 

Mercer, William, m.a., b. at Barnard 
Caede, Durham, 1811, and educated at Trinity 
College, Cambridge (B.A., 1835). In 1840 he 
was appointed Incumbent of St. George's, 
Sheffield. He d. at Leavv Greave, Sheffield, 
Aug. 21, 1873. Hia principal work was : — 

The Ckwrck Ptalter and Hymn Book, comprising The 
Psalter, orJ'taliiw of Dante, together with, the Omttilti, 
Pointed for Chanting j Four Hundred Metrical Hymnt 
and Six Retptmta to the Commandment!; the vhelt 
united to appropriate Chantt and Tuna, far the use of 
ConfrtgatSmi and Ftmilia, by the Sen. William 
Mercer, M.A. . . » Aetitted oy John Gott, Btq. . , , 1854 j 
enlarged 186s \ Issued without music, 1857; quarto ed. 
ISO*; rearranged ed. (Oxford edition) 1864; Appendix 
18TC. 

For many years this collection was at the 
bead of all the hymn-books in the Church of 
England, both in circulation .and influence. 
Its large admixture of We&leyan hymns, and 
of translations from the German gave it a dis- 
tinct character of its own, and its grave and 
solemn music was at one time exceedingly 
popular. To it Mercer contributed several 
translations and paraphrases from the Latin 
and German, the latter mainly from the 
Moravian hymn-books ; but his hymn-writing 
was far less successful than his editing, and 
has done nothing to increase his reputation. 
[See England, Hymnody, Church of, § IY.j [J. J.] 

Mercy alone can meet my case, J. 
Montgomery. [Lent.] In Holland's -Memoirs 
of Montgomery this hymn is referred to under 
the following circumstances. Speaking to 
Holland on April 3, 1825, of the Bev. Peter 
Haslem, Montgomery said : — 

" On Sunday afternoon he preached in Career Street 
Chapel [Sheffield] ; there were few persons present be- 
sides myself and some servant girls. What were the 
divisions or the style of Ma sermon 1 do not recollect ; 
but toe text— *0 save me tor Tby mercies' sake ' (Fa vt. 
4) — was so powerfully Impressed upon my mind tbat It 
has never since ceased to influence rue ; hundreds and 
thoiMnrla of times have I repeated it in meditation and 
prayer, and I feel at this moment that if 1 am saved at 



MEBBICK, JAMES 



725 



last it must be through the free, unmerited mercy of 
God, exercised towaids me for the Saviour's sake, — 
fofc in. p. 103, 

To this Holland adds the note : — 
"How deep an impression these words mads upon the 
poet'a heart may also be Inferred from bis hymn, of 
which they are we theme. It was composed under the 
eollonnade at Leamington, October 30, ISIS, in the 
midst of much desolation of soul, and la a just picture of 
the author's feelings at the time." — Tbi. it. p. ids. 

The hymn was pub. in Montgomery's Chrit- 
tean Ptalmitt, 1625, No. 163, in 5 st. of 4 ]., 
and headed with Mr. Haslem's text, " save 
me for Thy mercies' sake " ; and in his Origi- 
nal Hymnt, 1853, No. 173, [J. J.] 

Merlo, Jacques, sometimes Meilo, some- 
times Horst, and sometimes Horatiua, was 
b. of poor parents at Horst, in Germany, 1597, 
became a parish priest at Cologne, and <L there 
in 1644. He was the author of the Paradisns 
Anitax ChrUUana, Cologne, 1630, which has 
been several times translated, and recently 
partly by Dr. Pusey in 1847, and in full by 
Canon F. Oakeley in 1850, as The Paradise of 
the Christian Soul, and In which several Latin 
hymns by older writers were embodied. So 
far as we are aware he was not the writer of 
hymnB. [J. J.} 

Merrick, James, m.a,, was b. in 1720, 
and educated at Oxford, where he became a 
Fellow of Trinity College. He entered Holy 
Orders, but his health wouldnot admit of parish 
work. He d. at Beading, 176*9. His publica- 
tions include : — 

(10 JCettioA, a XMnne Aw. IfiituNj dedicated to 
the tteoertnd the Vice-Chanceuor of the Univcrtity of 
Oxford and the Yiiitori of the Pitt £ctoo( tn Reading. 
By Jaimet Merrick, jtitat 14, Senior Scholar of the 
School at their but terminal Vititatien, the 1th of 
October, 1734. Reading. (a) The Dettruetion qf 
Troy. Tnmtlattdfrom the Greek of IrwAwdOMU info 
Snglieh Yerie, toift Nota, de. lY4». JS) Poemi on 
Soared Subject*. Oxford. 1763. (4) The Pfatnt of 
David Trantlated or Paraphrased m Bngliii Ytrit, 
By Jom« Merrick, X.A., late Atlou of Trinity College, 
Oxford. Reading. J. Carnan and Co. 1TM. Snd 
ed. 1TSS. A lew only of these paraphrases were divided 
Into etanxas. In im the Bev. W: D, Tsttsrsall pub. 
the work "Divided Into ataniaa tor Parochial Use, and 
paraphrased in such language as will be Intelligible to 
every capacity . . . with a suitable Collect to each 
Psalm from the Works of Archblahop Parker." 

Merrick's paraphrases, although weak and 
verbose, were in extensive use in the early 
part of the present century, both in the 
Church of England and with Nonconformists. 
They have, however, fallen very much into 
disuse. Those in modern hymn-books, mainly 
in the form of centos, include : — 

1. Blest Instructor, from Thy ways. Ft, xix. 

3. Deecend, O Lord t from heaven descend. Pi. txtiv, 
(In time of Rational Peru.) 

3. Far as creation's bounds extend. Pi. cata. 

4. Ood of my strength, the wise, the just. F$.xxxi. 

5. Be who with generous pity glows. Pt . xli. 

t. Howpleasant,Lord,Tbydwellingeare. Ft.Uexxiv. 
1. Lift up yonrvotce and thankful sing. Pt. exxxvi. 
a, Lo, my Shepherd's hand divine. Pt. xxiii. 
8, Lord, my Strength, to Thee I pray. Pt. xxviii , 

10. My heart Its noblest theme has found. Pt. alv. 

11. O let toe, [gracious] heavenly Lord extend, Pt, 



13, O turn, great Ruler of the skies. Pt. li. 

13, Praise, praise the Name divine. Pi. el, 

14, Sing, ye sons of [rneDj might, sing, Pt. xxix. 
IE, Teach me, O teach me. Lord, Thy way. Pt. cx&. 

15, The festal mom, my [0] God, la come. Jt.cxxii. 
(Sunday Morning.') 

11. The mom and eve Thy praise resound. P$. Ixv. 
(ifcTnert.l 
18. To Thy pastures, fair and large. Pt.svHl. 



726 MESSIAH I AT THY GLAD 

From his Poems on Sacred Subjects, 1763, 
the following centos hare also coma into O. U. : 
19. Author of good, to Thee we turn. JUtignatian, 
20- Eternal Cod, "we look to Thee. Resignation. 
21. lis enough, the hour la come. Nunc Dimittii. 

[J- JO 
Messiah! at Thy glad approach. M. 
Bruce. [Advent,'] Thia hymn, which we 
have Ascribed to M. Bruce (q.v.) on evidence 
given in hia memoir in thia work, was written 
probably about 1764-65, for a singing class at 
Kinnesawood, Scotland, and was first pub. by 
John Logan in hia Poems, 1781, p. 113, No. 7, 
in 6 st. of 4 1. Although a vigorous hymn, 
and posseting much poetic beauty, it has not 
come into extensive use. In the American 
Church Praise Bk., N. Y., 1881, st. vi. trod iv. 
are given as "Let Israel to the Prinoe of 
Peace," Orig. text as in Logan's Poems in 
Dr. Crrosart's Work* of M. Bruce, 1865, p. 
144. [J. J.] 

Metealf, TjUCy E. [Ak*rm«n, Lney E,] 

Methinka I stand upon the rook, T. 
Kelly, [Balaam. The Safety of Qod's people.] 
1st pub. in Kelly's Coll. of Ps. & Hyu., 1802, 
No. 271, and again in his Hymns, 1st ed. 1801, 
and later editions, in 9 st of 6 L (ed. 1853, 
No. 290). In Hull's Mitre 3. Bk., 1836, No. 
121, appeared " Come, let us stand as Balaam 
Stood, in 3 at of 6 1. Thia has usually been 
attributed to B. Oder. It is a cento, st. i., it. 
being st. i,, ii. altered from thia liymn by 
Kelly, and st. iii. an addition probably by 
Osier, who assUted Hull iu preparing the 
Mitre H. Bk, In the Hall MBS, there is no 
ascription of authorahip. [J. J.] 

Methodist Hymnody.— Methodism has 
made liberal contributions to the hymnody of 
the Christian Church. Borore the first Metho- 
diat Society waa formal, its founders saw the 
importance of singing in religious worship, 
and provided, out of tho best available 
material then at command, a collection of 
Psalms and Hymns for that purpose. John 
Wesley made some excellent translations of 
German hymns, and bis brother, Charles 
Wesley, began to write spiritual songs imme- 
diately after his conversion. His father, the 
Sector of Epworth, and hia elder brother, 
S. Wesley, jun., had eooh written a few good 
hymns at a still earlier date, which remain. 
in use at tho present time. Charles Wesley 
continued to write hymns for nearly fifty 
years', and he has left over six thousand five 
hundred hymns and sacred poems, some of 
which are amongst tliose most frequently 
found iu collections used in public worship. 
Some of tho followers of J. Wesley have also 
contributed hymns, both in the last and in thia 
century, which have been included in many 
collections, and are of permanent interest 

Before dealing with the hymnody of the 
various Methodist bodies, it will be necessary 
to present some details concerning tho rise 
and development of the principal sources from 
which all Methodist hymnody is derived. 
These sources are the Poetical Woris of 
John and Charles Wesley. 

i. Poetical Works of John and Charles 
Wesley. — Charles Wesley pub. about fifty 
different boots and tracts of hymns, from 
nearly all of which hymns have been, selected 



METHODIST HYMNODY 

for use in the churches. When he was a 
"Missioner in Georgia," John Wesley pre- 
pared and published A Collection of Psalms 
and Hymns, which he described, in an 
enlarged edition of Wood's Aikenx Oxoniensis, 
as of the year 1736, but the imprint on the 
title-page is " Charles-Town, printed by Lewis 
Timothy, 1737." This work was the first 
collection of hymns published for use in the 
Church of England, The volume " illustrates 
his care to provide for the spiritual wonts of 
those to whom ho ministered; his earnest 
and serious temper; and his prominent 
ecclesiasticism." On his return to England, 
he prepared a new edition of that collection, 
and issoed it in 1738. It is a 12mo book of 
84 pages. Of the American book, only one 
copy Is known to exist; of the English 
reprint of 1738 three copies are known, one 
of which is in the Lambeth Palace library. 
[Fordetails,seeBn»l»nd,Hyiiuu>d7,Chniolnf,§I.] 
The first Methodists at Oxford sang 
psalms in proportion to their earnestness in 
religion ; when they declined and shrank 
from the reproach of serious godliness, the 
singing in their meetings was given up. 
After the conversion of the two Wesleys, in 
May, 1788, singing was resumed; and from 
that time to the present, frequent singing has 
been au essential part of Methodist worship. 
To encourage this form of service, J. Wesley, 
as early aa 1742, provided tune-books for the 
uae of his followers (some of which are in use 
at the present time) ; and that all might learn 
to sing, he printed the melody only. We 
will now enumerate the original poetical works 
of J. and C. Wesley in detail. 

1. Tho first collection pub. d? John and Charles 
Wesley with their Dames on the title-page waa entitled 
BnwMt and Sacred Pwtnr, 1739, 12n)0, pp. 823, and 
contained 139 hymua. This was reprinted the same 
year without tho Poemt, and a third ed., unabridged, la 
also dated 1739. In this book are given the first of 
Charles Wesley's compositions, and out of this volume 
50 hymns -were selected for the Wet. If. Bk., 1780. A . 
fourth ed. appeared in 1143, and another in 174*. 

2. Early iu 1*40 appeared Hymns and Sacred Poems, 
an entirely new book of 209 pages, with SB hymns, and 
amongst them some of the most popular now In use, 
including "O for a thousand tongues to sing," {p. 
4A8, i,), and " Jesu, lover of toy goal" (p. 50X1, 1.). 
This volume supplied rw hymns to the Was. U, Bk., 

1780. 

3. la 1741 the Wesleys Issued A Collection of Ptatmi 
and ^nm*, a volume of 120 pages, containing 16s com- 
positions. This was not a reprint of tho 173d book, 
though containing a few of tho pieces therein, but the 
Psalnu -were C. Wesley's version of various Psalms, 
and the Syntnt were new. Only 3 of these fonnd 
their way into the Wa. H. Bk. of ITBO. After the death 
of John Wealey.Dr. Cuke made additions thereto which 
doubled its sise. It came into general use, so that tho 
Conference of ISIS rccomxnendedit for " use in Methodist 
Congregations in the forenoon/' from which it came to 
be called Tfce Jvornin^ Hymn Book, and such it remained 
till 1831, when tho Sttppl. was added to the 1780 book. 

4. In 1741 appeared Hymnt on God** Eoerlatting 
Love, in 34 pages, containing 38 new hymns, of which 19 
are in tbe lPe«. B. Bk., 1180. Ths 2ud ed. contains 84 
pages j tbe 3rd Is dated 1770. 

fi. In 1742 anew volume of BTymnt and Sacred Poems 
appeared, with 304 pagea and 16& new hymns, of which 
102 were selected for the Wet. H. Bk. of 1780. 

0, An enlarged ed. of the collection of Ftalmt and 
Symns appeared In 1743, containing 13s hymns, 17 of 
which are In the 178(1 book. 

1. In 1744 three tracts of hymns vera issued', with the 
titles of Hymns for the Nativity, IS hymns* Hymns 
for the Watchniffht, 11 ; and Pavteral ffymnt, la. 
From these three 10 hymns are in the Wcs. M. Bk. 

8. Four tracts and one volume of hymns appeared In 
1746. From two only of these have selections been 
made. A Short View of the Differences between (Ac 



METHODIST HYMNODY 

Moravian* and J. and C. Wales oaataina fl hymns, 
3 of which are in the Wei. B. Bk. The second 1a a 
most Important work: ifrnrti on the LoroVs Supper bg 
C&orief Wesley, a volume of 141 pages and 1W hymns, 
"with a preface concernttig the Christian Sacrament 
and Sacrifice, extracted from Dr. Fravlnt." From this 
work aohvmuawere selected for the Wet. Jf. Bk. of mo. 
The Byt. /or 1ft* Lord** Supper have been often re* 



preface, which wab 
has only versified 
tbebymna, 



printed* but generally without the ] 
never Intended, u Charles Wesley 
portions of Dr. Brevint'a remarks. In some of tl 
In the extracts from Dr. Brevint the doctrine of the 
True and Real Presence Is taught, and Charles Wesley 
embodies the teaching of the preface In his verees. In 
tbe fourth section " Corjoerning the Sacrament as a 
Means of Grace," and In paragraph 6, are these words 
In reference to tbe efficacy of the Death of Christ: "This 
victim having been offered up in the fulness of times, 
and in the tafdst of the world, which Is Christ's great 
Temple &nd having been thence carried up to Heaven, 
which is Hie Sanctuary \ from thence spreads Solvation 
ell around, as the burat-offertoff did its smoke. And 
thue Hiilkdy and Bh^ have everywhere, hut especially 
at thb Sacrament* a true and real presence." Catching 
« Inspiration, Charles Wesley expresses the 
i In at least seven of the hymns which follow:— 
< Drink Thy blood fbr sinner* died 
Taste Thee ta the broken Bread/' 



By. 6T.< 



1 Who shall say how bread and wine 
God Into man conveys t 
Ho* the bread Hie flesh Imports, 
How the wine transmits His blood? " 
By, 65. "Now on the sacred table laid 

Thy hesh becomes our food," 
Hg* 77. " Taste Thee in the broken Bread 
Drink Thee in the mystic wine,* 1 
Eg, 31. *' We come wtth confidence to find 

Thy real presence here/' 
Uy. 11& *■ To every faithful soul appear 

And shew Thy real presence here." 
Hy. 121. " Yet may we celebrate below 

And dally thus Thine offering shew 

Exposed before Thy Father's eyes 
In this tremendous mystery i 
Present Thee bleeding on the tree 
Our Everlasting sacrifice," 
It la worthy of remark, that Charles Wesley, in his 
Journals, makes no mention of the publication of this 
vuhime of Hymn* during the year 174ft, but from Feb- 
ruary to July of that year, he makes special mention of 
about a dozen Sacramental Services, which ate described 
as occasions of much blessing to himself and to othera j 
and during the octave of Easter he communicated every 
day. The latter half of the year, the subject is scarcely 
mentioned- It seem* probable, therefore, that tbe book 
was passing through the pres* during the months when 
he was so much under Sacramental influence and power. 
In Justice to C. Wesley, It should be recorded, that the 
"real presence" Is not alluded to in any of the six 
thousand hymns he wrote, apart from this lT4fi book, 
nor did he ever allude to It In nis pulpit discourses. In 
his Journal, be names many Instances of nis baptising 
adult persons, but the subject of Holy Baptism does not 
seem to have inspired his muse, except in "Qod of 
eternal truth and love,*' In the Hymns for the use of 
Families, llil, and one or two others. This Is the more 
noticeable when It Is considered how strict he was gene- 
rally In observing the ordinances of the Church. 

0* Tbe year l74£was a remarkable one for the variety 
of subjects which occupied Charles Wesley's poetic 
mind ; no less than nine separate tracts of hymns were 
issued during that year, including Hpmntfor Times of 
Trouble: Hymn* and Prayers for Children } On the 
Trinity; On the Great Fttt\vati; of Petition and 
Thanksgiving for the Promise of Vie Father ; for Our 
Lord?* Resurrection ; for Ascension Ztojj ; Grocer before 
and after Mcat\ and for tbe Public Thanksgiving In 
October of that year. These Introduced 164 new compo- 
sitions, of which only 12 found their way into the Wei. 
B. Bk. of ITbO. The festival Hymn* had Lampe's 
Tunes issued with them, which Insured for them a long 
term of popularity . 

1<L Only one new work was Issued in 114? : Hymns 
for those that eeek and those that ham Redemption in 
the Blood of Jctvt Christ, containing 12 pages and 63 
new hymns, 2$ of which were placed in the l?8Q hook. 

U, In 174S, C Wesley wrote a number of hymns on 
Marriage, the subject being then uppermost in his mind, 
hut they were not then printed. He was married in 
the spring of 1743, and when the arrangements were 
mode with his brother respecting his stipend, tbe 
question of house-furnishing was not considered. To 



METHODIST HYMNODY 727 

meet the emergency, C. Wesley gathered up all hi* 
unpublished compositions, and, without consulting his 
brother John, issued them in two volumes. Tbe work 
was sold by subscription through the preachers, was a 
great success, and fully accomplished tbe object contem* 
plated. Those volumes extend to 668 pages, with 4ftS 
new hymns, with the eld title " Hymns and Sacred 
Poems" In "that work will be found tbe largest number 
of the author's best hymns, and It has yielded 143 com- 
positions to the tf w book. 

13. In 1*50 only two hymn tracts appeared, Hymns 
for Jfevt Year's Day* and Hymns Occasioned by the 
Earthquake, March Sth. The fb>t contained 1 new 
hymns, one of which has been In use in Methodist Ser- 
viced, once at least every year since it appeared : vii. :— 
the hymn sung at the close of every watch-night Service, 
commencing "Came let us anew, our Journey pursue,'* 
The 3 hymns selected from the Earthquake 'tract {* ' Woe 
to the men on earth who dwell," amf « By Jaith we find 
the place above ") are said to be amongst tbe boldeit of 
the poet's theological conceptions. In 1763 appeared 
Hymns awl Spiritual Songs \ntended for the use of Meal 
Christian*, Thin was followed in 1166 by an enlarged 
edition of the Earthquake Hymns, with 32 hymns ; and 
Hymns for the Tear If G6, particularly for the jRufDay, 
Feb. 6th, with 17 new hymns, of which A are In the 
mn hook, 

13. In 1768 was Issued Hymns of Intercession for ait 
Mankind, but being without author's name, the popular 
Judgment hymn given therein, *'ho\ he comes with 
douasdescending - (pkfiElI, L),was, for nearly a century, 
attributed to Martin Madam This tract has 34 pages 
and 46 new hymns, of which 8 ore In the 1780 book, 

14, Three new works were issued in 17G9, namely. 
Funeral Hys., enlarged to TOpages, with 43 new hymns ; 
Hymn* for the Expected lnvasion t with 8 new hymns ; 
said Hymn* to touted on the Thanksgiving Bay, Novem- 
ber 29, and alter it 94 peges, with M new hymns, 

* 16* In 1)61 appeared a volume of 144 pages and 134 
hymns, with the title, Hymns for those to whom Christ 
is All in All. This was a selection intended for popular 
use ; it reached a 3rd ed. During the same year, John 
Wesley leaned a volume of Select Hymn* for the Use of 
Christians of all Denomination*,, to which was added 
an admirable selection of Furzes Awtext. This useful 
volume was used st the Foundry j a 2nd ed*, corrected, 
was Issued In 1T65, a 3rd In l?T0, and a 4th in 1113. In 
1761. to encourage and Improve tbe vocal part of Divine 
Service, John Wesley issued Sacred Melody: or t a 
Choice Collection of Psalm' and Hymn Tunet ; another 
book of Tunes called Sacred Harmony, and an abridged 
ed. of the latter. 

16. One of Charles Wesley's largest contributions to 
the service of song in the Church appeared in 17G2, and 
waa entitled Short Hymns on Select Passages of Holy 
Scripture r 3 vols*, containing no fewer than 2030 new com- 
positions, out of which 99 were selected for the 1130 
book. This work was rigidly revised by the author { 
and was republished in a somewliat condensed form, in 
2 vols, 1134-96, after the author's death. In that work 
are some popular hymns, and elegant renderings of 
Scripture phraseology, 

17* Hymns for Children appeared in 1763, with 100 
new compositions ; and Hymn* for the Use of Families 
in 1707, a volume of 176 pages and 1B& hymns. In the 
same year came Hymns on the Trinity with 132 pages 
and 182 hymns- From these three works 61 hymns 
are selected for the Wes. H Ifk. t 1780. Five or six 
other tracts of hymns fallowed, but out of these only 
one hymn found Its way into the 1311 SuppJemtnt to 
the ITe*. H. Bk. taken from Hymn* for the jYaJion and 
for the National -Hut Day, February #ih, 1192. 

These we the original pablictLtione from 
which are derived all the Wesley hymna now 
in uso in the Hymnals of all the cLurchea. All 
these volumes and tracts (exoept the P$. d; 
Hys. printed at Chorlestown in 1736-37), irith 
fac atmiles of title pages, ure reprinted iu tho 
Poetical Works of John and Cnarlen Wesley, 
Lond. 1868-72 (13 volumes), and the same 
are tabulated with dates, titles, pages, sizes 
and number of hymns, in G. J. Stevenson's 
Methoditt H. Bk. Note*, 18S3, p. 635. 

iL Weeleyan Methodists. — 1. With such a 
variety of works, most of which were occa- 
sionally used by the Methodi&t Societies, much, 
confution and difficulty naturally arose, so 
that John Wesley did wisely when, in 1779, 
(soon after he -had opened his chapel in the 



728 METHODIST HYMNODY 

City Boad, London), lie prepared out of those 
numerous works a collection for general use in 
all his societies, which was issued in 1780. 
The necessity for Mich a work was felt all 
over the country. It extended to 504 pages, 
and 16 pages of contents and index, and in- 
cluded 525 hymns. The contents were 
divided into the five parts and twenty sec- 
tions bb still retained in tlie revised ed. of 1875. 
The 2nd ed., corrected, appeared in 1781, 
the 3rd in 17S2, the 4th 1784, 5th 1786, 6th 
1788, 7th 1791. Up to 1791 it remained un- 
altered, although, every edition having to be 
set up afresh, errors bad crept in. These 
increased till 1797, when a few of the preachers 
presumed to prepare a new edition, which 
they issued with an ornamental title-page. 
In it about 36 hymns were changed, and 
some of the favourite hymns of the people, 
design edly excluded by J. Wesley, were in- 
cluded, and at the end 25 additional hymns 
were given, making the total 550, This 
edition gave so Httlo satisfaction to the people 
that the Conference of 1739 appointed Dr. 
Coke, G-. Storey, H. Moore, and Adam Clarke 
" to reduce the large Hymn Book to its pri- 
mitive simplicity, as in the second edition, 
with liberty to odd a note in places to explain 
difficult passages for the sake of the unlearned, 
and with discretionary power in respect to the 
additional hymns." They rigidly revised the 
book, omitted 6 of the additional hymns, 
extended the work to 560 hymns and pub- 
lished it in 1800. The added hymnB intro- 
duced a new and important feature into the 
collection, which is a distinct landmark (so to 
speak) in the history of Methodism, by in- 
cluding 7 hymns by C. Wesley on The Lord's 
Supper. All the unsold copies of the 1797 
book were destroyed, and the revised edition 
remained unaltered for thirty years. 

2. The publication at Manchester in 1825 of 
a piratical edition of the Collection, together 
with copyright needs, and the desire for 
greater variety of hymns, led the Conference 
to appoint the Revs. Thomas Jackson and 
Richard Watson to make such a selection as 
would meet the wishes of the people, and in 
1831 a Supplement was issued, extending the 
collection from 560 to 769 hymns. These 
were chosen from some of Charles Wesley's 
original mss. : from his Festival Hymns and 
from the collection of Psabns and -Hymns 
then known as the Morning Hymn Book. 
Many from Dr. Watts were also added, and a 
few of a popular character which were 
favourites with the people. The Preface is 
dated November 9, 1830,andin this Dictionary 
the date of this Supplement is given as 1830, 
the date of the Preface. Of the entire collec- 
tion, including this Supplement, 668 hymns are 
by the Wesleys (father and three sons), and 
101 by 20 other authors. Dr. Walts is repre- 
sented by 66. Only two hymns in the book are 

rially adapted for Holy Baptism, one by 
Doddridge, commencing "See Israel's 
gentle Shepherd stand ; " the other by C. 
Wesley, " God of eternal truth and love." 

3. Thecopyrightof theentire collection had 
for some years depended on only a few hymns, 
and when the right in those had run out, a 
new collection became a necessity. A collec- 
tion wsj issued by a London publisher inde- 



MBTHODIST HYMNODY 

pendently of the Conference, in 1873. It was 
an improvement on the 1831 book. Itwascom- 
piled by a layman at Bristol, and included 
1076 hymns, amongst them being many of tho 
best modern compositions, and 71 chants and 
anthems. The Wesleyan Conference, however, 
could not recognise the work, and the Book 
Committee were obliged to prepare a new col- 
lection. A large committee took the matter 
in hand, and devoted much time and care 
thereto. The edition of 1800 up to hymn 539 
was retained, but each hymn was compared 
with the original, and rigidly criticised: a few 
were omitted altogether ; others had verses left 
out, or added ; and in this way 49 hymns were 
changed in the standard port of the collection. 
The new Supplement includes 487 hymns. 
Its contents embrace what may be designated 
as a poetical body of divinity. In this respect 
it is more complete than the book prepared by 
John Wesley, in that it includes hymns for 
Holy Baptism, tho Lord's Supper, and Prayers 
for children. It is divided into nine sections, 
in whioh the hymns are classified according to 
their subjects, or the season for which they are 
adapted, a special feature being the " Select 
Psalms." The authors and translators number 
120. Of these 74 contribute each one hymn, 
and of the rest 41 have hymns therein, num- 
bering from 2 to 9 each, the total ending with 
11 by P. Doddridge, 18 by J. Montgomery, 58 
by L Watts, and 724 by C. Wesley. For the 
first time the authors* names are added in tlm 
index of first lines. The Methodist Hymn 
Book, illustrated with Biography, History, In- 
cident, and Anecdote, by George John Steven- 
eon, m.a., 1883, deals with this collection in 
an exhaustive manner. 

4. Taken as a whole, whilst allowing for its 
distinct and definite advocacy of Methodist 
doctrine, and admittingthe otherwise great 
preponderance of C. Wesley's hymns, we 
judge this book as ranking with the best in use 
amongst Protestant Christians. It is intensely 
Methodistie, and it is mare. It retains the 
Standard Hymn Book, not wrongly so-called, 
which John Wesley gave to his people in 
1780; and it has added thereto much that 
is choice and valuable from most branches of 
the Church of Christ. The wisdom displayed, 
by the Conference in retaining the Standard 
portion of the old collection is realized when 
we find that it has done more to conserve the 
essential doctrines of Methodism amongst the 
multitude than the combined prose writings 
of all her divines. 

5. The provision for Children and Young 
Persons, whioh is an important feature in 
modern 'hymnody, is not new, either in 
Methodism, or elsewhere. For the Methodists 
C. Wesley pub. bis Hymns for Children, 
in 1763. Many of these compositions are far 
beyond the comprehension of children, but their 
object was attained in drawing attention to the 
spiritnalwantsandeducationoftheyoung. In 
1814, Joseph Benson, a preacher and divine of 
high repute with tlie Methodists, published: — 

ifymnt fur Children and Young Psrtont t on the 
Principal Truth* and Duties of Ktligion and Morality. 
Selected from variout Authors, and arranged in a 
natural and Sytttmatia Order. I/Jtklon, IBM. 

Joseph Benson also published eight years 
afterwards:— 



METHODIST HYMNOBy: 

%smt,^C*»toVe«,s&l«WeM^ /renter. jwoWw- 
tiont 0/ the Bern. Joan ami Cnariei Wttlqi, and Dr. 
Wattt, and arrautfed in jiropw Order. London, 1B14. 

From the Preface to the first of these 
collections (the second has no preface), we 
find that it waa compiled and published "to 
meet the wishes of many persons in different 
parti of the United Kingdom," but there is 
no indication that it (or the second collection 
either) had tbe official sanction of the Con- 
ference, although, "printed at the Conference 
Office." The Conference, however, took up 
the matter at a later dole, and in 1835 
Thomas Jackson and Richard Watson, "com- 
piled by the direction of the Methodist Book 
Committee in London " : — 

A Coilectim 0/ flirmtw for tte Ute 0/ Wtdtyan- 
Metko&M Sunday SchooU. London, 1836. 

At the request of the same " Book Com- 
mittee of the Wesleyan Conference," Dr. 
W. H, Bule compiled, and the Conference 
published, in 1857 :— 

IV Walevan-Mtthoditt Sunday-School. Hymn-Boole. 
1867. 



This was followed in 1370 by a " Selection 
of hymns suitable for use in Day and Sunday 
Schools," . . . "made by a number of Ministers, 
at the request of the Wesleyan Methodist Book 
Committee," which was compiled chiefly by 
Ihe Rev. Samuel Lees, and published as : — 

The Mcthulitt iftftelart' Hymn-Book. London, 18TII. 

Finally, in 1879, there was issued, after 
some delay which is apologised for in the 

preface: — 

The MetXoditt gunday-Sduxil Hynto-Book. A Cat- 
twKon tf Bymnt and Spiritual Stmgi /or P»e in 
ticiwoU and Bm&ia. ampittd fry Direction of the 
Wuleyan Methoditt Ontftram. London, 1879. 

This collection of 589 hymns, by a very 
large number of authors, is not only the best 
hymn-book for children extant amongst the 
Methodist Societies, but it has no equal 
elsewhere except the Church of England 
Children'* Hymn-Book by Mrs. Carey Brock. 
Both tbe official hymn-hooks issued by the 
Conference have suitable tunes pub, with some 
of the editions. [See OHldnn'a Hymns, § iv,] 

Ui. MethodM JVew Connexion, — I. This 
branch of the Methodist family originated in 
1796; the cause being the exclusion of Alex- 
ander Kilham from the ministry by the Confer- 
ence of that year. Fromthetimeof J. Wesley's 
death, those preachers whom he had ordained 
had occasionally administered the Sacrament 
of the Lord's Supper. One of theold preachers 
who had done so, was much blained for his 
conduct. Mr. Killiam wrote a defence of his 
conduct in An Addrem to the Member* and 
Friend) of the Newcastle Society, in which he 
also discussed the question of the right (if the 
people to have the Sacrament from their own 
preachers. That address, in pamphlet form, 
was much commended by many of the old 
preachers, including Dr. Coke, H. Moore, J. 
Pawson, T. Taylor, W. Bramwell, 8. Bradhurn, 
and others, some of whom freely distributed the 
Address in their circuits. They also, by letters, 
encouraged Kilham to continue his advocacy 
of the rights of the people to the privileges 
asked for by them. Kilham wrote and spoke 
freely on the subject for a few yenis, and for 
so doing he was, at the desire of Mi. Mather, 
censured by the Conferenoe of 1793, Other 



METHODIST HYMNODY 729 

preachers, including Mr. Taylor and Mr. 
Bradbum, had also published their opinions 
in support of Kilham's views, hut they wore 
not censured, For this aot of partiality, the 
Conferenoe was blamed, and Kilham was 
encouraged by many preachers who desired 
to conciliate the Societies rather than the 
Conference. At the Conferenoe of 1795, some 
steps were taken to reconcile the contending 
parties, under the name of the " Flan of Paci- 
fication," but it did not fully meet the case. 
Soon afterwards Kilham published a pamphlet 
entitled The Progrett of Liberty, in which he 
pointed out the defects in the Plan of 1795, 
and sketched the Outline of a Constitution. 
This Outline included the following prin- 
ciples: — 

int. That the power to admit and expel member* 
should be the act of tbe preachers with the consent of 
tbepeople. 3. Tbe members tohaveadTkeinchooeing 
their leaden. 3. That local preachers be examined and 
admitted by preachers and iky officers conjointly. 4. 



mending young men as preachers, s. That the people 
have tbe right to representation tn all the Church 
Courts, including the Annual Conference, fi. That reli- 
gious worship be held in such hours as were roost con- 
venient for the people. 7. That the Societies recedie 
the Sacraments of Baptlem and the Lord's Supper from 
tbe hands of their awn Ministers. 

For publishing this pamphlet, and ad- 
vocating the principles it contained, Kilham 
was tried and expelled from the ministry, in 
179G. Those principles became the basis of 
the Methodist New Connexion, which took 
permanent form at a Conference held in 
August 1797, in Ebenezer Chapel, Leeds. 
Kilham's chief opponent waa Alexander Ma- 
ther, whom J. Wesley had ordained as a bishop 
to exercise authority in his Societies. The 
New Connexion waa commenced with 9 cir- 
cuits, 7 itinerant preachers (5 of whom had 
belonged to the parent Society), and over 
5,000 members. It was in defence of ihe 
principles advocated by Kilham that the new 
Society was formed; and the preachers and 
lay-officers have exercised equal rights in the 
government of the Society throughout its 
history. 

2. At the first the New Connexion adopted 
the use of the Wet. H. Bk., but a few years 
later a Supplement was prepared by order of 
the Conference, and was designated The 
Small By™* 1 Book. It consisted of 276 
hymns. This Supplement reached a 5th edi- 
tion in 1810, and was used till the new hymn- 
book of 1835 was issued. 

3. Soon after the Wesleyaim issued their 
Supplement in 1831, the New Connexion 
Conferenoe appointed a committee to prepare 
a revised and enlarged collection for use in 
their Societies. The Revs. Thomas Mills and 
William Shuttleworih wero tbe acting mem- 
bers. The Preface Bays that they took from 
the Wee. S. Bk. and from its Supplement the 
best hymns " for poetic merit, happy Scrip- 
tural illustration, and those which most 
clearly expressed breathings after peace and 
holiness. With these were combined a num- 
ber of other hymns from various authors, and 
a few by pious persons of poetic genius, com- 
posed for the work." Such hymns only were 
admitted as "gave prominence to those doc- 
trinal and experimental truths which are the 
chief glory of Methodism." This work waa 



730 METHODIST HYMNODY 

divided into seven parts, and forty-one lec- 
tions. All the copyright hymns iu the Wet. 
H. Bk. were omitted, and, as far as the Com- 
mittee knew them, the names of authors were 
added to the hymns. This was the first official 
Methodist Collection with authors' names. 
The total number of hymns was 661, and of 
these neatly 50 were new, and by 27 authors 
not found in the TPes. H. Bk. This hook was 
in use for over a quarter of a century, when 
it was superseded by the Collection published 
in 1863. 

4. This New Collection was undertaken by 
a Committee, with the Rev. Henry Piggin as 
chief acting member. It was first issued in 
May, 1863, and included 1021 hymns by 130 
authors. A collection of suitable tunes for 
each hymn, prepared by the Eev. James Ogden, 
has since been published. 

5. Whilst Mr. Piggin and his coadjutors 
were preparing a new collection for congrega- 
tional use, the Eev, John Stokoe, then a New 
Connexion minister, now a clergyman in the 
Irish Church, was preparing a smaller collec- 
tion for use in their Sunday schools and homes, 
which was pub. in December, 1862, with the 
title The Juvenile Hymn Book. It contains 
315 hymns, classified under seventeen sections, 
with authors' names added to each where 
known. 

iv. Primitiw MelhodisU.—l. This branch 
of the Methodist family originated in' 1810 by 
the expulsion from the Methodist Society of 
Hugh Bourne (q.v.). Previous to this H. 
Bourne had compiled a small hymn-book, 
which he published in 1809. Wlmt was long 
known amongst the Primitives as T!ie Small 
Booh was issued in 1821, and consisted of 151 
hymns, most of which were by Charles Wesley, 
and William Sanders, a few by Dr. Watts, and 
Iti by Bourne. This Small Book was widely 
known in all parts of the land by the first 
couplet in the book— 

" Chtist he (its on Zion'a lull. 
He recaivea poor sinners still," 

with the chorus : 

"Is soldier Bure shall be 
Happy in Eternity." 

2. With the growth of the Society, a larger 
number of hymns was required, and in 1824-25 
Bourne prepared and issued what ho called 
the Large Hymn Book, which included 536 
hymns. Of these 10 were by William Sanders, 
146 were the joint production of William 
Sanders and Hugh Bourne ; a few were by Dr. 
Watts, Cowper, anil Dr. Doddridge; 225 by 
Charles WesW; and 20 new hymns by Bourne. 
A lengthy preface desoribes the Service of Song 
as set fortli in the Old and New Testaments, 
and deals with Private Prayer, Preaching, 
Prayer Meetings, Class Meetings, Love Feasts, 
Camp Meetings, and Musical Instruments. 
Bourne says of the new hymns that they are 
"of a superior cost, and tliey lead into the 
mystery of faith." 

3, As the Societies increased, a still grwtter 
variety of hymns was desired, and the Con- 
ference appointed the Eev. JohnFlesher to 
prepare an enlarged book. He acknowledges 
his own inability for performing the duty, but 
colleoted 852 hymns " from numerous popular 
authors, living and deceased, and enriched 
with original hymns and selected ones, altered 



METHODIST HYMNODY 

or re-made" Mr. Flesher adds; "I had 
thought my lack of sufficient poetic genius 
and teste would save me from such an appoint- 
ment, but when chosen,I was surprised, afraid, 
and humbled, and durst not disobey." This 
unqualified editor proceeded to correct and 
mangle over 225 hymns. It need not be 
added, that few but himself have approved of 
his work. In his preface he remarks ; — 

"Knowing that Providence had not stereotyped the 
productions of any poet, 1 have freely altered or re*nudo 
hymns from authors of different grades of talent And 
reputation - an important Item in strengthening the copy-, 
right." 

This book, issued in 1851, may be safely 
described as the worst edited and most 
severely mutikted collection of hymns ever 
published. 

4. The Conference of 1882 appointed a 
Committee to prepare an entirely new collec- 
tion. This was published, in 1687, as TAe 
Primitive Methodiet Hymnal, compiled by a 
Committee appointed by Hie Conference of 1882. 
It contains 1052 hymns by over 300 known 
authors and translators (besides hymns by 
several that are unknown), ranging from the 
earliest ages of hymnody to the present, and 
from the Unitarians on the one hand, to the 
Latin and Greek Churches on the other. It 
is divided into twelve suctions, which aro again 
subdivided : bat the arrangement of subjects 
is more after the manner of the Congrcga- 
tionaltsts than that usually adopted iu Metho- 
dist collections, and is the arrangement of 
Plesher's book simplified. It is supplied with 
the usual Indices of first lines of " verses," 
of " tests," of " subjects," &c., and a table of 
" authors and translators," with the numbers of 
their hymns. This lost is in addition to the 
names of the authors being added to the 
hymns throughout the hook. It is purely 
and intensely Methodistic, whilst iu the num- 
ber of its authors, in the comprehensiveness of 
its subjects, in the richness of its poetry, in the 
cure and accuracy displayed in its text, and 
in the designations of authorship, it has no 
equal in Methodist hymnody. 

5. Provision for the children in the Sunday 
schools has been made by the publication of 
the Primitive Melhoditt Sunday School Hymn 
Book, in 1879. It was edited by Q-. Booth, m.d., 
and William Beckworth. It is an admirable 
collection, is well edited, and is set to suitable 
music. Its use is extensive. 

v. United Methodist Five C!mrche&, — 1. 
These Churches were formed by the amalga- 
mation, in 1837, of several separate Societies, 
the members of which had formerly belonged 
to the Wesleyan Methodist Society. The first 
of these was that known as the Protestant 
Methodists, who, in 1827-28, came out on Iho 
Organ Question tit Leeds. Another section 
was formed in 1834^35, when Dr. Samuel 
Wurren was expelled, the proceedings against 
him arising chieilyout of the formation at that 
time of a Theological Institution. Those two 
sections united to form the Wezleyan-Metluidigt 
Association. Tliey used the Wet. H. Bk. with a 
small Supplement added. In 1 849-50, owing 
to the expulsion of the Revs. Junes Everett, 
Samuel Dunn, and William Griffith from the 
Wesleyan Coufurence, another division re- 
sulted, and a Society designated the Wesleyan 
Beformtrs was established, which soon had 



METHODIST HYMNODY 

fifty thousand adherent*. Mr. Everett was 
expelled on suspicion of having written The 
Flu Sheet* and Wetleyan Taking), mid pub- 
lished them anonymously ; Mr. Dunn for pub- 
lishing The Wesley Banner, a monthly maga- 
zine, and for declining to discontinue the 
work as desired by the Conference ; Mr. Grif- 
fith for reporting the proceedings of the 
Conference in The Wetleyan Timet. The body 
then formed by those who adhered to those 
lnirristera, at their Annual Delegate Meeting 
held in Sheffield, in August, 1852, appointed 
the Eev. James Everett to prepare a new 
edition of the Wei, H, Bk., with the addition 
of guch new hymns as would replace the 
copyright hymns which could not be used. 
The preface to that book is dated July 1st, 
1853. lie Supplement contained 213 hymns 
in addition to the hymns in the Wet. H. 
Bk. In these were included the compositions 
of 15 authors not then in the Supplement to 
the Wei. H. Bk. At the end of this collection 
there is an index which gives the source 
whence every hymn in the book is derived, 
together with the author's name. The collec- 
tion contains SOI hymns. 

2. "When the Wet&eyan Heiliodist Association 
and the Wetleyan Reformer*, who united in 
1857 to form the Methodist Free Churchet, 
held their annual assembly in Sheffield, in 
1659, they resolved to hare a new hymn-book, 
and appomted the Bevs. James Everett and 
Matthew Baxter to prepare the same. They 
were to retain all the original Wet. H. Bk. of 
1780, and add " A Supplement of 250 hymns, 
and also hymns suitable for a Sunday School. 1 * 
The preface is dated October, 18C0. Changes 
were made in 53 hymns, but none of the new 
hymns were by authors other than those who 
had already contributed. From No. 778 to 
821 the hymns were all new. Five doxologies 
and two 'graces closed the collection of 828 
hymns. The Supplement was issued in 1861 
as a separate book, with the sub-title Jtft'seel- 
laneou* Hymns. Their Sunday School Hymnt, 
1860, is a fairly good collection. 

3. The Methodist Free Churchet are com- 
piling a new Coll. of Hymn*, which may appear 
in 1889. A committee of ministers have been 
employed for a long time in its preparation. 
The Snnday S. H. Bk. appeared in 1888. 

vi. Bible Christians. — 1. The founder of 
this Society was William O'Bryau, a Cornish- 
man, born February 6th, 1778, at Gunwen, 
Luxillian. His father owned a farm and was 
a Cornish miner. Both his parents were 
Methodiate, and had heard John Wesley 
preach. They had preaching services in their 
owndvrclling-hause. William had afaireduca- 
tion, and the curate of the pariah offered to pre- 
pare him for college. He was converted under 
the Methodists in May, 1789, was apprenticed 
to the drapery business, became worldly, lost 
his religion, and again gave his heart to God, 
November 5th, 1795. Ho heard J, Wesley 
preach twice, and received his blesaing. He 
began to preach in 1801, was married in 
1803, and made a local preacher in 1809. For 
preaching in villages beyond his own parish, 
where there was no Methodist preaching, he 
was expelled from the Methodist Society. 
Being urged to continue his preaching, he 
found in North Devon fourteen villages without 



METHODIST HYMNODY 731 

any places of worship, and in November, 1814, 
he left his home to itinerate and preach in 
those places. In Ootober, 1815, he preached 
in the nouse of Mr. Thome at Shebbear, and, 
being urged to do so, he then formed thoso 
present into a religious Society. This Society 
was at first known by the name Arminian 
Bible Christian* ; afterwards the initial word 
was dropped, and they have since been known 
as Bible Christian*, and sometimes, locally, 
BrianiUt. Their chief Societies ore in 
Cornwall and Devonshire, but they have a few 
elsewhere. 0*Bryan compiled their first hymn- 
book, about 1819, when their first Conference 
was held. In 1829 a separatiou took place. 
O'Bryan left the body in 1831, and went to 
America, where he died, January Sth, 1868. 
For his share in the copyright of the hymn- 
book; and for other claims, the Conference 
allowed him twenty pounds a year till he 
died. The hymn-book is divided into six 
parts and twenty-eight sections. The hymns 
are mostly those in use in the Wes. II. Bk., 
but they are rearranged throughout, and seve- 
ral by 18 other authors were added. In July, 
1862, a 4th ed. was issued, with 9 hymns 
changed, the names of authors added as for as 
known, the index of Scripture texts enlarged, 
and an index of verses. The 6th ed. is dated 
1882. The Conference of 1885 appointed a 
committee to prepare a new and more compre- 
hensive collection, to bo published in due 
course. 

2. In 1832, a Sunday Sohool Union for the 
Bible Christians was formed at Shebbear, in 
Devonshire, and they published The Child's 
Hymn Book for use in their sohools. In 1863 
a new ed. was prepared and published, con- 
taining 272 hymns, more than 60 of which 
were new. That book has served the Con- 
nexion nearly a quarter of a century, and is 
still in favour. The hymns are carefully 
classified, but no authors' names are given. 

vii. Conclusion.— When the Methodist CEch- 
menical Conference was held in City Boad 
Chapel, in September, 1881, a suggestion was 
made to have one comprehensive hymn-book 
for all the branches of Methodism throughout 
the world. This course, however, has not 
been adopted. 

Translations of English hymns into vari- 
ous European and other languages have been 
mode for use by the various branches of the 
Methodist Societies on the Continent of 
Europe and on Mission Stations, In several 
instances these translations have been supple- 
mented by original hymns in the vernacular, 
and composed chiefly by the resident mis- 
sionaries. [See HiMioni, Femgn.] 

The Methodist hymn- writers arc very 
limited in number. The provision made by 
John and Charles Wesley for every aspect 
of Methodism, the stereotyped character of 
each book when issued, the great number of 
years it had to run before any omissions or 
additions could be made, and the intense 
affection of Methodists for their old hymns, 
have hod much to do in producing this result. 
When at rare intervals outlets for pent-up 
poetic life were made in new editions of old 
books, and in collections for children and the 
young, W. M. Bunting. W. M. Punshon, 
B, Gougb, J. Lyth, G. S, Howe, J. Briggs. 



732 



METHODIUS II. 



E. E. Jenkins, M. G. Pearse, and a few others, 
have produced lyrics of merit and usefulness ; 
but 110 great singer has appeared in Metho- 
dism since Charles Wesley was gathered to his 
fathers. [See American Hymnody, p. SB, ii., and 
■various.] [G. J. B.] 

Methodist Hew Connexion Hym- 
nody. [Matlwdiat Hymnody, § iii.] 

Methodist, ETimitive, Hymnody. 

[Httnodiat Hymnody, § iv.] 

Methodist United I'ree Church 
Hymnody. [Katboditt Hymnadr, § v.] 

Methodist, Wesleyan, Hymnody. 
[Methodist nymiwdy, § ii.] 

Methodius I. [See Oratk Hymnody, § x. 2.] 

Methodius IX, one of the Greek 
hymn-miters, d. 836. A native of Syracuse, 
he embraced the monastic life at Constanti- 
nople. He was imprisoned for nine years by 
Michael the Stammerer for his defence of the 
Icont. He was also scourged for the same 
cause by Theophilus, but escaped from his 
prison. At the triumph of the defenders of 
the Icvm, he was made patriarch of Constan- 
tinople (842). His pieces are few. [See El 
Mil tb Tap<f«Tu.] This is the same person as 
Jffeflodfufl I. in Neale's Byt. of the Eastern 
Church. [H. L. B.] 

Mrjrpav d^Xexrai?. ["Bow*- Aoir.] 

Metrophanes of Smyrna, was bishop 
of Smyrna towards the close of the ninth 
century. He was a partizan of Borne in her 
contest with Photius, and an adherent of his 
rival, Ignatius. He d. circa 910. His chief 
hymnologioal works are his Canons in honour 
of the Blessed Trinity, one of which has been 
published in Anth. Graec, Carta, Chritf,, 1871, 
p. 254, They are eight in all, one for each 
Tone, and are sung at Matins on Sundays, 
the Canon changing with the Tone on each 
succeeding Sunday. A cento only, and that 
from the Canon for the Sunday of the Second 
Tone, from the Octoechta, has been rendered 
into English. This is Dr. Neale's " O Unity of 
Threefold Light " {Holy Trinity), a tr. of a 
cento ; — Tpi^yyi}! Movhs @eapx < *4tpub. in his 
Symia of the E. C, 1862, in 3 st. of 8 1. In 
1867 it was given with a doxology of 4 l.anda 
slight alteration in the People's Hymnal; and 
again in the S, P. C. K. Ft. & Hye., the 
Hyntnary, and other collections. [J. J.] 

Meueel, Wolfgang, a, of Anton Meusel 
(MeattUn, Mattsslein, Motel, MSml, Mwculut, 
&c), cooper at Dieuze in Lorraine, was b. at 
Dieuae, Sept. 8, 1497. He studied for short 
periods in the schools at Bappoltsweiler, Col- 
mar, and Schlettstadt, between times wander- 
ing over the country and earning his way by his 
singing. In 1512 he happened to come to the 
Benedictine monastery at Lixheim near Saar- 
burg, just as "Vespers were being sung. His 
beautiful voice, an he joined in, led the monks 
to receive him, and here he studied music, 
and became organist to tiie cloister. In his 
20th year he devoted himself to the study of 
theology, and soon after began to preach in 
the church at Lixheim, and in the neighbour- 
ing village churches. In 1518 he became 
acquainted with Luther^ writings and em- 



MEYFABT, JOHANN M. 

braced his views, bat did not leave Lixheiut 
till 1527, after he had declined to be elected 
as prior. On Dec. 26, 1527, he was formally 
married at Strassburg to a niece of the former 
prior at Lirheim. As they were without 
means she had to take a place as domestic 
servant, and he, after trying in vain to earn his 
living as a linen-weaver, was about to attempt 
to get work as a day-labourer on the fortifica- 
tions, when he was appointed pastor at the 
village of Dorlitzheim, near Strassburg. In 
1529 he became diaoonus of the cathedral 
church at Strassburg,- and then, in the begin- 
ning of 1531, was sent to Augsburg, where 
he for some time officiated in the Holy Cross 
Church, and, after the Beformation had gained 
the upper hand, became, in 1537, chief pastor 
of the Cathedral. When thelnterim [see Agn- 
osia, p. 31, 1,] was forced on the magistracy in 
June, 1548, Meusel left Augsburg. There- 
after he had to flee from place to place, resid- 
ing for longer or shorter periods at Basel, 
Constanz, St. Gall, and Zurich. He finally 
was invited to Bern as professor of theology, 
and went there in April, 1549. In gratitude 
for this timely help he refused various lucra- 
tive appointments offered to him from time to 
time. On Sunday, Aug. 22, 1563, he felt an 
attack of fever while preaching at Bern, and 
d. on the following Sunday, Aug. 29, 1563. 
(Koeh, ii. 83; Allg. Deutsche Biag., sxiii. 
95, &e.) Meusel's best-known work is his 
Commentary on the Psalms, pub. in 1550. 
Eight hymns are uBOhbed to him, sis of which 
are printed by Waekemagel, iii., Nos. 946-951. 
A seventh, a tr. of the " Christe, qui lux es et 
dies," is noted at p. JH7, 11, The eighth is : — 

Do Ham 1st nuin tnitar Hirt, HKlt mich In Miner 
Hut*. Pi. xxiiL This appeared In tbeAngsburg 0.B., 
1631, and thenceln W<H#er«a0el,iU.p.l22,inBit.ofII. 
Wadsernagtl , seeing tbat Meusel wrote another version 
of this Psalm (beginning "Mein Hirt Sat Gott, der 
Herre mein "J, and that the version above was not given 
with big nune till in the NOrnberg G. B, of 1601, gives 
it as anonymous. It waa included In Babst's G. B„ 
1545, in moat subaequent collections up to line, and In 
the Berlin G. L. 3., ed, 1B63, No. 111. In the Strasa- 
burg G. B., 1SS0, and many later books, tt begins " Der 
Hen ist mein getreuer Hirt." Tr. aa ! — 

(1) "The Lord God is my Pastor gude" in the 
Glide and Godlie BaUata, ed. 1688, f. 4) (1889, p. IB). 
(2> "The Lord my ftlihlul Shepherd la," In the 
Moravian II. Bit., iroi, pt. ii., p. 314. In the 1JS9 and 
laiereda. (19B«, No. 430) It begins "The Lord my Shep- 
herd Is and Guide." (3) " Tbe Lord He la my Shep- 
herd klnJ," by Mill XaningUm, 18*3, p. IS. [J. M.] 

Meyfart, Johann MatthSus, was b. 

Nov. 9, 1590 at Jena, during a visit which his 
mother (wife of Pastor Meyfart of Wahlwin- 
kel, near Walterehausen, Gotha) was paying 
to her father. Ho studied at the Universities 
of Jena (m.a. 1011 ; ud.1624) and Wittenberg, 
and was thereafter for some time adjunct of 
the philosophical faculty at Jena. In 1616, 
he was appointed professor in the Gymnasium 
at Coburg and in 1623 director; and during 
his residence at Coburg was a great moral 
power. When his colleagues in the Gymna- 
sium made a complaint to tho government 
regarding a dissertation (De dUciplitia ec- 
cletiastica), which he pub. in 1633, he accepted 
the offer of the professorship of theology in 
the revived University of Erfurt. He entered 
on his work at Erfurt, July, 1633, was rector 
of the University in 1634, and in 1636 became 
also pastor of the Prediger Eorche. He d. 



MEYFABT, JOHANN M. 

at Erfurt, Jan. 20, 1642 (Koch iii. 117; AUg. 
Deutsche Biog. 3txi. 646, &c). 

HeyfarfB devotional works {Tuba poenit£ntiae pro* 
pkctiM, 1636 ; Tobatfoviiiii^ltMiBBlliichaSodima, 
1629 ; ifi'mmiitc*£» Jeriaalem, 1830 ; JBf^jfc tfen'cW, 
1833) paawd through various editions, and produced a 
great Impression by their vivid picturing and their 
earnest calls to repentance And amendment of Hfe. Hid 
well-meant efforts, by books and otherwise, towards 
raising the tone of student, life In Germany, and his 
exposition of the excesses and delects in both academical 
and churchly life at that period, brought him much ill 
wttl and opposition, and <JLd not produce useful fruit till 
much later. His hymns were few tn number, and ap- 
peared mostly In hie devotional books. 

Only one of Meyfurt's hymns bus passed 
into English, viz. :— 

Jerusalem, du bochgehaute Stadt. Hie New 
Jerusalem. This splendid hymn appeared in his 
I'nba Novissima, CobuTg, 1626 [Ducal Library, 
Gotha], a volume containing four sermons 
preached at Cobnrg on the Four Last Things, 
viz. Death, Last Judgment, Eternal Lift, and 
Eternal Punishment, it forms the conclusion of 
the third sermon (on St. Matt. ivii. 1—9) which 
is entitled " On the joy and gloTy which all the 
Elect are to eipectin the Life everlasting." This 
conclusion is reprinted verbatim et literatim 
(i.e. with the introductory and closing sentences, 
and the connecting sentences between st. i. t ii., 
iii. and it.) in the BlattarfUr Hymnologie, 1883, 
pp. 120-124. The teit of the hymn, in 8 st. of 
8 1., is given unaltered, according to the mar- 
ginal directions of the original (save st, vii, ], 
6, where the original ia "Man spielt "), as No. 
1537 in the Berlin &. L. 8., ed. 1863. Of it 
Lauimann, in Koch viii. 669, says : — 

" The hyma is a precious gem In our Treasury of 
Song, In which one clearly sees that from It the whole 
heart of the poet shines out on us. Jleyfart had his face 
turned wholly to the Future, to the Last Things; and 
with a richly fanciful mystlclein fall of deep and strong 
faith, he united a flaming ami for the House of the 
Lord, and against the abuses of his times." 

He adds that the hymn was a great favourite 
with Charles GStzlaff, the apostle of China (d. 
at Hong-Kong, Aug. 8, 1851X whose last words 
were " Would God 1 were ia thee " (st, i. 1, 3) ; 
and of Julius Schnorr of Carolsfeld, the well- 
known painter, whose last work was the illus- 
trating of this hymn, and at whose funeral in 
1872 it was snng. The popularity of the hymn 
was greatly aided by the magnificent melody, 
generally ascribed to Melchior franck [b, at 
Zittau, 1580 ; e. 1604, capellmeister at Coburg ; 
d. at Cobnrg, June 1, 16391 but not yet traced 
earlier than to the Erfurt G. B., 1663, 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. Jerusalem, thou city built on high, A good 
tr. of st. i.-iv., vii., as No. 112 in the Dalston 
Hospital H. Bk., 1848. 

a. Jeraaalem, thou dty luflt on Ugh, A good 
tr, of st. i., iv., vi., vii,, by A. T. Russell, as 
No. 261 in his Ps. ^ Hys., 1851. St. i., 11. 1, 3, 
4 are from the 1848 tr. The form in Dr. Pagen- 
stecher's Coll., 1864, No. 283, is i. 11. 1-4, ii. as 
1843 ; i. 11. 5-8, vii. as 1851, 

8, Jerusalem, thou elty fair and high. A good 
and full tr. by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra 
Ger.,2ad Scr„ 1658, p. 220; repeated in her 
C. B. for England, 1863, No. 193, set to the 
melody of 1663, Included in full in the Ohio 
Luth, Hymnal, 1880, and, abridged, in the 
Pennsylvania Luth. Ch. Bk., 1868, and the 
Uppingham and Sherbyrne School H. Bk., 1874. 

4. ferusalam ! high (ow*r thy glorious walla, 



M1DLANB, ALBERT 



733 



A good and full tr., by Bp. W, B. Whitting- 
ham, in the Amer. Kpis. Hys. for Church and 
Home, I860, No, 414; and the Amer. EpU, 
Hymnal, 1871. St. i., iv., viii, are in M. Wi 
Stryker's Christian Chorals, 1885. 

Translations not in C, TJ. ;— 

(I) " Jerusalem, thou dty of the efctee." In the U. 
P. Juvenile lliii. Mag., Bee IBM. (2) "Jerusalem! 
thou glorious city-height." Py Jfrj. Anon, 1868, p. 



10, repeated In L. Rehfuese's Ctock at Sea, 1B68. (3) 
"Jerusalem, thou high-built, fair abode." In the 
CKriititm Examiner (Boston, U. S.% Sept. 1860, p. 
254. (4) "Jerusalem, thou dty rear'd en high. By 
Mia MaaiagKm, 1863, p. 94. (6) " Jerusalem ! thou 
city towering high." By Miss Cox, In her By*, from the 
Ger„ 1864, p. ioi, and In Lyra Myttica, isss, p. 3W. 
(t) "Jerusalem! thou city bullded high." By Miss 
Burltngbam, in the Britiih UeraM, Apni, I8B8, p. **», 
and Reld's PraitiBIc, ISIS. (ij "Jerusalem! high 
tow'r thy glorious walla." A full and spirited tr. by 
J, H. Hopkins, in his Carols, Ifyt. and Songs, 1BS2, p. 
182, dated 2862. St. 1., 11. 1-3, are taken from Bp. 
Whlttfnghsm's version. [J, M7J 

Middleton, Thomas PanBhaw, d.d., 

s, of Thomas Middleton, Hector of Redleston, 
in Derbyshire, was b. there on Jan. 26, 1769, 
Be was educated first by his futheT, then at 
Christ's Hospital, and Anally at Pembroke 
Hall, Cambridge (b.a. in honours 1792). He 
was successively Curate of Gainsborough ; 
Hector of Tausor, Northamptonshire, 1795 ; 
Vicar of St. Pancras, 1810 ; Archdeacon of 
Huntingdon, 1812; and tho first bishop of 
Calcutta, 1814. He d. in Calcutta, July 8, 
1822. Bishop Middleton's publications were 
mainly confined to various Sermons and 
Charges, and a work on the Greek Article. 
In 1821 his Sermons and Charges, were col- 
lected and pub. with a short Memoir, by Dr. 
H. B. Bonney. At p. iciv. the only hymn 
ascribed to him is given with the explanation 
that it wbb composed by the Bishop "and 
always sung on new year's day, by his desire." 
It is : " As o'er the past my mem'ry strays" 
(■Yew Year), In 4 st. of 4 1. It was printed in 
the August number of Carus Wilson s Family 
V(»itor, 1826 ; again in Hall's itftfre Hymnal, 
1836, and later in several collections. Orig. 
text in Bk. of Praise, 1862, p. 238. [J. J.] 

Midl&ne, Albert, was b. at Newport, 
Isle of Wight, Jan. 28, 1825, and hsj been 
engaged in business in that town for many 
years. To his Sunday school teacher he as- 
cribes the honour of prompting him to poetic 
eflbrts: and the same teacher did much to 
shape his early life. His first printed hymn, 
" Hark ! in the presence of our Ood," was 
written in September, 1842, at Carisbrooke 
Castle, and printed in the Tooth's itfaourfne in 
November of the same year. Since then he 
has written over 300, and of these a large 
proportion are in C. U. They appeared in 
magazines and small mission hymn-books, 
including : — 

(1) The Youth's Magaiine; (?) The BritiO. Ma- 
imir; (a) The Xontfon J/attnger ; (4) Trotter's Evan* 
geltcal ByiM Jlook, 1S60 j [s) The jlmotttiddV't flswt» 
Beak, 1981 ( (6) Second ed. of the same, 1886 ; (Jl B%*m 
Book/or Youth ; (8) Good Jfcmt for the I&tlt Ona, 
USD; (9) William Carter's Gomel ffymn Book, IS62; 
and several other works of a similar kind. 

In addition to several small works in prose, 
Mr. Midlane has gathered his verse together 
from time to time and published it as : — 

(I) Poetry addretud to SiHutf* Sduot IHocasri, 
164A ; (J) recto Garland, 1S50 ; (3) Leavei/nm OKtet 
1*64; (4) Goipd jBcAom, 1B65; (B) Above the Bright 
Blue Sky, iml ; (fi) Ettrly Litpvngi, 1630. 



734 



MIDLANE, ALBERT 



Of the hymns contained in thcso works 
nearly 300 Kara been in O.U. from 1861 to 
1887, the most popular being "There's a 
Friend for little children." The hymn-hooks, 
however, in which many of them ore found are 
usually very small, are used in what are com- 
monly known as Gospel Missions, and have 
gradually- given way to other and more im- 
portant collections. "We therefore append 
only those hymna which aro at the present 
time in use in official or quasi-official hymn- 
books, or such collections us have a wide cir- 
culation. Those hymns which are omitted 
from the following list may bo found in the 
works Riven above, and especially in the Goa- 
pel EcJioee. The bracketed dates helow are 
those of the composition of the hymns. 

i. Given in. Trotter's Evangelical Hymn 
Booh, 1800. 

1, How sweet the cheering words. (Aug.1866.) The 
Gospel. 

2. Lord Jesus, save ! (July, I860.) Lent. 

ii. G iven in The Ambassador's Hymn Book, 
1SC1. 

s. Angela rejoice o'er sinners saved, (Aug., 1860.) 
Joy in Heaven over Repenting Sinners. 

4, Come to tbe royal feast. (Aug., 1860.) The Gospel 
Matt. 

5. Father, bless the heavenly message. (Aug., 1860.) 
Divine biasing implored. 

«. How vast, how full, how free. (Aug., I860.) 
Divine Mercy. 

7. I am not told to labour. (June 25, I860.) £atvo- 
tton by Faith. 

8. Jesus died upon tbe tree. (Aug. 13, 1800.) Good 
Friday. 

9. Lord, prepare the hearts of sinners. (Attg. 29, 
1861.) Freparalttm of the heart. 

10. Not all the gold of all tbe world, reaec through 
Jetat. 

11. Now well render to tbe Saviour, (Sept. 1, 1801.) 
Praise for Salvation. 

12. O what a gift tlw Father gave. (Aug. 22, I860.) 
The Gift of The Son. 

13. what a Saviour is Jesus the Lord. (Aug. 29, 
isci.) Jaui the Sdviour. 

14. Passing onward, quietly passing. (Sept. 1ft, 
1801.) Prepared? 

15. SalvBtion, Lord, la Tlune. (Aug., 1B6U.) Salva- 
tion through Jesus. 

10. Sinner, whore is room for doubting? (Sept., 
1861.) Expostulation. 
IT. Soft the voice of mercy sounded. Grate. 

18. The perfect righteousness of God. (Sept. 21, 
1801.) God our Righteousness. 

19. There is a throno of grace. (Sept, 14, 1800.) 
The Throne of Grace. 

20. We speak of the mercy of God. (Sept. 19, 1801.) 
Divine Mercy. 

iii. Given in W. Carter's Gospel Hymn Book, 
1863. 

21. Can any say, I do believe ? (Aug., 1860.) Assur- 
ance in Christ. 

22. If Jesus came to seek and save, (Oct., 1861.) 
Salvation in Jems. 

iv. Given in Leaves from Olivet, 1864. 

23. See tlie blessed Siviour dying. (Oct. 5, 1860.) 
Good Friday. 

24. Sweet the theme of Jesus' lovo. (April 22, 1862.) 
The Love of Jesus. 

t. Given in Gospel Echoes, 1865. 

25. Come and welcome to the Saviour. (June B, 
1882) Invitation. 

26. God be gracioue to a sinner, (May 21, 1861.) 
Lent. 

27. God speaks from heaven; in love He speaks. 
(July, 1860.) Love and Mercy of God. 

38. HarkC the cry. Behold Ho cometb. (Juno 8, 
1862.) Advent. 

29. He saves because Ho will. (April 20, 1862.) 
The " I Willi " of Jesus. 

30. How solemn are tbe words. (Aug. 1, 1865,) The 
New Birth. 



MIDLANE, ALBERT 

31. Himself He could not save. (Sept., 1861.) Geoi 
Friday. 
52. I once was bound in Satan's chains. Pardon. 

33. Jesus lived. He lived for sinners. (Jan. +, 1862.) 
Eaeter. 

34. Jesus never answered "Nay." (May 13, 1862.) 
xfesus always the tame. 

35. Jesus the blessed centre ts. (Juno 8, 1382). 
Father glorified in the Son. 

30. Jesus, the risen Saviour. (July 31, 1862.) Easter. 

37. Jesus, the soul that trusts in Theo. (May 7, 
1864.) Salvation through Jesus. 

38. Look, poor sinner, look to Calvary, Good jpridag. 

39. Lord, when I think upon the love. (Oct. 1, 
1800.) The Love of Jena. 

40. Peace with God ! How groat a treasure (Oct. 18, 
1861.) Pease. 

41. Salvation ! What a precious word. (Nov, 22, 
1861.) Salvation. 

42. Scripture says Where sin abounded. (March 3, 
1862.) Abounding Grace. 

43. Shall Jesus' love be spoken I (May 4, 1862.) 
Love of Jesus. 

44. The Lamb was slain, the blood was brought. 
(Aug. 24, 1862.) The Passover. 

45. The silver trumpets sounding. (May 7, 1862.) 
The year of Jubilee. 

46. There is a rest for weary souls. (Dec 4, 1363.) 
Rest. Peace in Jesus. 

47. lis the voice of mercy calls thee, (Nov. 6, 1881,) 
Xcrcy. 

48. When the Saviour said "'Tie finished." (Oct., 
1861.) Good Friday. 

49. When God begins His gracious work. (Dec. 27, 
1860.) God Unchangeable. 

60. Who can praise tbe blessed Godi (Oct., 1861.) 
Praise far Salvation. 

SI. Why those fears, poor trembling sinner. Safety 
in Jesus. 

vi. Given in the Ambaemdor'a Hymn Book, 
2nd ed., 1868. 

62. Life from the dead, eternal life. (Oct. U, IBM.) 
Worfc of the Holy Spirit; 

03. Stern justice cries for Wood. (March 2, 1867.) 
The Atonement. 

vii. Various. 

64. Apart from every worldly care. (June, 1866.) 
Prayer Meetings. Written for Spurgeon's O. O. if- Bk. 
1808, 

55. Be not weary, toiling Christian. (Feb., 1867.) 
Encouragement. taiha British Messenger, Segt., 1867. 

56. Eighteen hundred years ago. (Aug., 1B59.) Ful- 
ness of Time. In the London Messenger. April, 1861. 

67. Father, for Thy promised blessing. (Feb. 20, 
I860.) Outpouring of the Spirit desired. In The 
Revival, July, i860. 

58. God bless our Sunday School. S. School Anni- 
versary. First printed in the Baptist Children's Magu- 
tinc, July, 1844. It has passed Into numerous collec- 
tions for children, but usually st. ii. Is omitted, thus 
reducing It to 3 St. 

59. He comes 1 He comes! tbe Bridegroom comes. 
(Sept. 9, i860.) Adtent. In The Present Testimony, 
1BS1. 

to. Kept by the power of God. (May 6, 1858.) Se- 
curity in God. In the London Messenger, Sept., 1800. 

61. Let the waves of blessing roll. (Jan, 6, 1868.) 
Missions. In the Enlarged London S. Bk., 18Y3. 

62. Lord, 'our waiting spirits bow, (June, 1868.) 
Prayer Meetings. Written for Spurgeon's O. O. If. Bk^ 
1868. 

63. Love us freely, blessed Jesus, (Jnly 2, 1869.) 
Lent. In the Churchman's Penny Magatine. Oct.. 18*8. 

64. Neverperlshl words of mercy. Mercyin Christ. 
Printed in the monthly Girdle, June, 1867, and in the 
British Messenger, Ang- 1B67, in 4 double st. In the 
collections it is reduced to tbe first two staniaa. 

65. No separation, O my souL (May 6, 1803.) Per- 
severance. In tbe British Bereild, Aug., 1863. 

00. Nought but the voice of God can speak. (Jan. 29, 
1863.) All things are of Ood. In the 1673 Appx. 
to Snepp'g S.ofG.& Glory. 

67. Now, O joy, my sins are pardoned. Pardon and 
Peace. (Nov. 9, I860). Printed in the f/ondon Messen- 
ger, March, 1861, then in the Gospel Echoes, 1B66 ; and 
then in several hymn-books. Tbe original began, "Once 
I sang, but not in earnest." Usuallyet.li.,111., of 8 I., 
are given as "Now, OJoy, &c" 

6B. O art then an heir of glory? (June 4, 1861.) 
Cautions. In H. Bk.for Touth, 1862, 

69, O what a glorious truth is this. (Aug. 3, 1860.) 
Jesus Itied. In tbe London Messenger, Sept., 1840, 



MIDST SCENES OP CONFUSION 

to. Once H was mine, the cup of wrath. (Aug. 8, 
18(0.) Wrath and Fardon. In tbic London Messenger, 
Oct., 1861. 

71. Onward, upward, heavenward. (Feb* 7, I860.) 
Fretting Onward. In the London Messenger, Msrcli, 
JB61. 

15. Perennial spring trf pure delight. (March 11, 
1BW.> Jesus All in All. In the London Messenger, 
Jan., is«6, 

ts. Sheltered by the [Thy] sprinkled blood. (Sept. 23, 
1863.) Safety £« Jesus, In the iandon iftweiwar, 
Feh. 188*. 

«. Showers of blessing, gracious promise. (April 
19, 184!.) MUsions. In the London Messenger, Aug., 
1882, and I^owt/roiii Olivet, 1664, 

16. The Church of God, amjuclng, precious thought. 
(July 6,1861.) TheChureh, Jn The lh-etent Kuttuimiy, 
1818, sad ieaKi/i™ Oiiwf, IBM, . 

T8. The whispers of Thy love divine. (May 3, 1868.) 
LoveofCod. In the /Jtawt (ZrteKno, Oct,, 18)2, 

11. Though billows round me roll. (April 2, 1AG3.) 
Trait. In Food for Chritts Flack, 1SS3. 

18. Tls finished, cried the dying Lamb. (Feb. 2], 
I860.) Good- Friday* In the Baptist Children') Maga- 
tine, i860. 

10. Tls heaven where Jesus is. (Oct. 23,1862.) Joy 
and /voce in Jesus. In the Enlarged London H. Bk., 
1813. 

80. Together All things work for good. (Aug. 14, 
1860.) AH wort for Good, In the Enlarged London 
B. jBft., 18T8. 

81. Waiting for Jesus, and loving while waiting. 
(Jsn. 0, 1811.) Second Advent attired, la the 1813 
Appt. to Snepp's S.cfQ.A Glory. 

82. Without a cloud between. (Mar, 18, 1862.) Jesus, 
Face to Fbct. In the Zondon Messenger, June, 1862, 

as. Yetawhlle; bow sweet the thought. tl>ec,18«4.) 
Second Advent desired. In the Xondon Messenger, 1866. 

The collections in which these hymns are 
mainly found are Spuigeon'a 0. O. H. Bk., 
1866; Snepp's Songs of G. & G., 1872-3; 
Hurditoh's Enlarged London H, Bk., 1873, 
und smaller books for Evangelical mission 
work. Of Mr. Mtdlane's hymns as a whole, 
Milier/e estimate that " His hymns are full of 
spiritual thought, careful in their wording, 
find often very pleasing without reaching the 
highest form of"poetical excellence" (Singers 
and Songs, p. 572), is just A marked feature 
of these hymns is the. constant and happy nse 
of Scripture phraseology. [J. J.] 

Midst scenes of confusion and crea- 
ture complaints, D. Denham. [Heaven 
Anticipated.'] This hymn appeared in the 
1826 Appendix to J. Beet's Coll., No. 168, in 
5 st, anil again in Denbam's Saint's Melody, 
4c, 1837, So. 740, in 6 st. of 4 1. It is given 
in a few collections in G. Britain and America. 

[J. J.] 

DCigh.tyFa.ther 1 . Blessed Son! J. S, 

B. itfoaseK. [ff<% Trinity.'} Appeared in his 
Spiritual Sonps, 1857, in 9 st of 1., as the 
hymn for Trinity Sunday. In tlio Hymnal 
Camp., 1876, and the Prim. Meth. Hymnal, 
1887, st i., iv., and ix. of this text are given 
as No. 197. In Dr. MonsoH's Hys. of Lore 
and Praise, 1863, the same hymn is rearranged 
and partly rewritten (but still retaining the 
opening lines) in 9 st. of 3 1, Snepp, in print- 
ing this form of the hymn in his Songs of G. & 
G., 1872, hot divided it into three ports, and 
added this note thereto; — 

" Note the Symbolic Form— three lines harmonliing 
Jq each vene; three verses In each division \ three 
divisions making one hymn/ 

This form of the text, but usually -without 
these divisions, is also in Thring's Coll., 1882, 
and others. [J. J.] 

Miles, Elizabeth, nee Appleton, was 
b. at Boston, U.S.A., March 38, 1807, and 



MILLEB, JOSIAH 



735 



married in 1833 to Solomon P. Miles, Head 
Master of tho Boston Higb School, and after- 
wards the Principal of a private school for 
young ladies in tiie same city. He d. in 18*2. 
On leaving Boston, Mrs, Miles went to reside 
with her sou at Brattlcborough, Vermont. Her 
principal hymns ore : — 

1. The earth all light and lovelinesV Part i. 
Summer. 

3. When on devotion's seraph wing-. Part ii,, 
st. v., vii. foretaste of Heaven, These two 
parts appeared as one hymn in The Christian 
Examiner, 1028. 

3. Thou Who didst stoop below. Looking tmto 
Jesus. Appeared in The Christian Examiner, 
1827. Sometimes it begins with st. ii,, " It wns 
no path of flowers," as in the Boston Unitarian 
Bk of Hymns, 1846. 

4. Father, direct my ways. Divine Outdance 
desired in Affliction. In the Boston Book of 
Hys., 1846; the Boston Hys, of the Spirit, 1864; 
and some other collections, it begins with st. 
ii., " Thou, infinite in love," 

Three additional hymns wero pub. for the 
first time in Putnam's Singers and Songs of 
the Liberal Faith, 1875. [F. M. B.] 

Millard, James Elwln, ».»., was b. 
May 18, 1823, and educated first at Magdalen 
College School, and then at Magdalen College, 
Oxford (b.a. in honours, 1845). Taking Holy 
Orders, he became Curate of Bradfleld, Berks, 
1846; Head Master of Magdalen College 
School, 1846; Fdlow of his College, 1853; 
and Vicar of Basingstoke, 1864. Br. Millard 
has pub. : — 

(1) The Island Choir, or the Children of the Child 
Jesus, 18*1 ; (3) Historical notices o/ the Office of 
Choristers ; and (3) A Short Aectmnt of Basingstoke, 
Bating and the neighbourhood, 1B14. He also con- 
tributed a few hymns to the Rev, T. F. Smith's Devout 
Chorister, 1848. 

From the Devout Chorister tho following 
hymns have come into C. U. : — 

1. Bod eternal, mighty King. Te Denvt. 

2. IndeenhumlHation. Ascension, 

3. Last night I lay a-sleeping. Carol. 

The first of these passed, with alterations, 
into Hys. & Introiti (Masters), 1852, with 
further alterations into H. XotM.,1861. The 
text was corrected in Biggs*s Annotated H. A. 
&M. ,1867. Tlio hymn is widely known. [J. J,] 

Miller, Emily, nee Huntingdon, 

[Various,] 

Miller, Josian, m.a., was b. at Putney, 
April 8, 1832, and educated for the Congre- 
gational ministry at Highbury College, also 
graduating ar.A. at the University of London, 
1855. After holding pastorates at Dorchester, 
Long Sutton, and Newark, he became Secre- 
tary of the "British Society for tho Propaga- 
tion of tho Gospel among the Jews," and sub- 
sequently of the " London City Mission." He 
d. in London, December, 1880. He pub. :— 

(1) Our Hymns : their Authors and Origin, ISM. 
The groundwork of this volume was the leading hyrou- 
booksof the Congregational body. (2) Our iKwento- 
tion, 1803. (a) singers and Songs of iheChwrch: be- 
ing Biographical Sketches of the ffjmn-writerj in all 
the Principal Collections, With Notes on their Psalms 
and JTywmj, Lond., Longmans, 1869. This was an ex- 
tension of Our Hymns to twenty-five representative 
English hymn-books of various denominations. (4) 
Christianum Organmn, 18T3. 

Mr. Miller rendered great service to bymn- 
ology by the production of Oitr Hymns and 



736 MILLIONS WITHIN THY COUBTS 

■Singer* and Bongi. These works, and especially 
the latter, f urnished the fulleit illustrations of 
hymnody, which up to the time of their pub- 
lication had appeared in English, and em- 
bodied a great mass of information which had 
been gathered by the author and other workers 
in the same field, notably D. Sedgwick, C. D. 
Hardeastlei G. J. Stevenson, and Dr, C. Rogers. 
Considering the wide ground which it covered, 
it was an accurate and painstaking work. 
Where it fails is usually in omissions, and not 
in positive errors. His statements are generally 
correct so far as they go, but recent researches 
in hymnody have shown that in numerous 
instances they did not go far enough. The 
Greek, Latin, German, and American portions 
of his work are especially weak. His main 
strength is in his Biographies. [W. G. H.] 

Millions within T-hy courts have 
met. /. Montgomery. (Sunday Metiing.] 
Pub, in his Foetieal Work*, 1841, vol. iv. 
p. 293, in 10 st of 6 1.. and again in his 
Original Sy»„ 1853, No. 120, where it is 
headed "Evening Bong for the Sabbath- 
Day." Its use, especially in America, is 
extensive, but it is usually abbreviated. In 
Kennedy, 1863, aud one or two others it begins 
" Thousands within Thy courts have met" 
Also given as, " Within Thy courts have mil- 
lions met." [J. J.] 

Kills, Elizabeth, nfe Sing, dau. of 
Philip King, was b. at Stoke Newington in 
1805 ; married to Thomas Mills, m.p., and d. 
at Einsbury Place, London, April 21, 1829. 
Her popular hymn : — 

We speak of the realm* of the blest [-B&wen] is tins 
annotated In Miller's Singtrt and Sonpt^ &e„ 1869, 

&*S3: "We are much indebted to John Remington 
lib, Esq., K.P., far Information about this hymn, 
written by bis accomplished relative, TTie original has 
6 Bt. and was composed after reading ' Brldgea on tbe 
119tb Psalm ' (on ver. «, p. lis), ' We speak of heaven, 
but oh I to be there,' , . . Already deservedly a favour- 
ite, new interest will be added to this hymn when we 
know that the authoress was early called to ' the realms 
of tbe blest,' of whlob she eons; bo sweetly, and tbat Bhe 
wrote this hymn a lew weeks before her death." Tbe 
textoftbla hymn Is usually given in an Imperfect form. 
The corrections are supplied by W, F. Stevenson in bis 
flyt./or Catwcfcand jffom*, 18)3, " Children's Hymns," 
No. lsi, and tbe note tbereon. Few children's hymns 
nave been received with more favour. It la found in 
almost every bymn-book published for Children in Great 
Britain and America during thelaat flf^yyears. Ineome 
collections It begins, "We titrtfroE the Eandaf the blest"; 
andlnothere,"We(<rffcoftheIoBdofthebleBt." [J. JJ 

MUls, Henry, »j>., s. of John Mills, was 
b. at Morriston, New Jersey, March 12, 1786; 
and educated at the New Jersey College, 
Princeton, where he graduated in 1802, 
After being engaged in teaching for some 
time at Morristown and elsewhere, he was or- 
dained Pastor of the Presbyterian Church of 
Woodbridge, New Jersey, in 1816. On the 
opening of the Auburn Theological Seminary 
in 1821, he was appointed Professor of Bibli- 
cal Criticism and Oriental Languages, from 
which he retired in 1854. Be A, at Auburn, 
June 10, 1867. In 1843 he pub. Horae Ger- 
manics ; A Vernon of German Hymns. This 
was enlarged in 1856, The tr». are not well 
done, and \e/ry few are now in C. XL, although 
IS and 9 doxologies were given in the Lutheran 
General Synod's Colt, 1850. Many are noted 
in the articles on German hymn-writers and 
hymns throughput this Dictionary, p?, M. B.j 



MILMAN, HENBY HABT 

Hilrnan, Henry Hart, d.d., the young- 
est s, of Sir Francis Milman (who received 
his Baronetage as an eminent Court physician^ 
was b. Feb, 10th, 1791, and educated at Dr. 
Burney's at Greenwich, and subsequently at 
Eton, His career at B. N. 0., Oiford, was 
brilliant. He took a Itret class in classics, 
and carried off the Newdigate, Latin Verse, 
Latin Essay, and English Essay. His New- 
digate on the Apollo Belvedere, 1812, is styled 
by Dean Stanley "the most perfect of Ox- 
ford prize poems." His literary career for 
several years promised to be poetical. His 
tragedy Fazio was played at Covent Garden, 
Miss O'Neill acting Bianca, Samor was writ- 
ten in the year of his appointment to St 
Mary's, Beading (1817) ; The Fall of Jerusa- 
lem (1820); BeUhazzar and The Martyr of 
Antioch (1822), and Anne Boleyn, gained a 
brilliant reception from the reviewers and the 
public: He was appointed Poetry Professor 
at Oxford in 1821, and was succeeded ten 
years after by Keble. It must have been be- 
fore 1823, the date of Heber's consecration to 
Calcutta, that the 13 hymns he contributed to 
Heber's Eymnt weie composed. But bis 
poetry waB only the prelude to bis larger 
work. The Bampton Lectures (1827) mark 
his transition to theological study, and the 
future direction of it was permanently fixed 
by his History of the Jems (1829). This book 
raised a storm of obloquy. It was denounoed 
from the University pulpit, and in the Britith 
Critic "It was the first decisive inroad of 
German theology into England, the first pal- 
pable indication that the Bible could be 
studied like another book, that the characters 
and events of the sacred history could be 
treated at once critically and reverently" 
(Dean Stanley). In 1835 he was presented 
by Sir Robert Peel to a Canonry at Westmin- 
ster and the Rectory of St. Margaret's. In 
1839 appeared his valuable edition of Gib- 
bon's Decline and Fall ; and in 1810 his Hit' 
tory of ChrittianityU) the Abolition of Pagan- 
ism in the Roman Empire, Among his minor 
works in a different field were his Life of 
KeaU and his edition and Life of Horace. 
It was not till 1854 that bis greatest work — 
for " vast and varied learning, indefatigable 
industry, calm impartiality, and subtle and 
acute criticism, among the most memorable in 
our language" (Quart. Ben.) — Latin Christi- 
anity — appeared. He had been appointed 
Dean of St Paul's in 1849. The great services 
under the dome originated in his tenure of 
the Deanery. His latest work, published 
after his death, Sept. 24, 1868, was The Amah 
of St. PowPs. Though one of the most illns- 
trions in tbe school of English liberal theo- 
logy, be bad no sympathy with the extreme 
speculations of Germany. The "criticism" 
of Tubingen " will rarely bear criticism." 
He " should like an Ewald to criticise Ewald." 
"Christianity will survive the criticism of 
Dr. Strauss, and the " bright flashing artil- 
lery" of Renau. His historical style has 
been compared to Gibbon in its use of epi- 
gram and antithesis. His narrative is full of 
rapidity of movement His long complex 
paragraphs have often a splendour of imagi- 
nation as well as wealth of thought All the 
varied powers of his mind found vent in hi* 



MILTON, JOHN 

conversation ; ^ e wa3 called, after his death, 
" the last of the great convergers." The cata- 
logue of liia friends from the days of Heber, 
" Bis early Mend," to those of Hallam, Macau- 
lay, and Dean Stanley, was long and distin- 
guished. 

Milman'a 13 hymns were published in 
Heber's posthumous Btpunt in 1827, and sub- 
sequently in his^own Set of Pt. & Hyt., 1887. 
The fine hymn for TheBurial of the Dead, in 
Throng's VoU., "Brother, thou art gone before 
us," is from The Martyr of AnUoeh (1822). 
Lite Heber's, they aim at higher literary ex- 
pression and lyric grace. He makes free use 
of refrains. The structure is often excellent. 
HU style is less florid and fuller of burning, 
sometimes lurid force than Heber's. His hymn 
for the 16th Sunday after Trinity, " When 
our heads are bowed with woe," has no peer 
in its presentation of Christ's human sym- 
pathy ; the hymn for the 2nd Sunday in Lent, 
" Oil I help us, Lord ! each hour of need," is 
a piece of pure deep devotion. "Bide on, 
ride on in majesty," the hymn for Palm Sun- 
day, is one of oar best hymns. And the 
stanzas for Good Friday, " Bound upon the 
accursed tree," form one of the finest meditar 
tions on the Passion. All his hymns are 
still in O U. [1LLB.] 

Milton, Joan, was b. in London, Bee. 9, 
1808. and d. tiiere Nov. 8, 1674. His poetical 
excellences and his literary fume ore matters 
apart from hymnology, and are fully dealt 
with in numerous memoirs. His influence 
on English hymn-writing has been very 
slight, nis 19 versions of various Psalms 
kaving lain for the most part nnnsed by hym- 
nal compilers. The dates of hiB paraphrases 
are: — 

PI. cxiv. and exxxvi., 1623, when he ws IS years of 
•go. These were given Is his Poemt in Etgtiih and 
Latin, 1646. 

Ft. iaxx.-txxxviii., wiltten In 1048, and pub. as 
XKne Ptotmet done into Metre, 1S4G. 
• Pt.t^lt63;ii., ■'Iteue August 8, 1«M ;"«*.. Aug. 9, 
WW i ts., Aug. w, 18(3 :b„ Aug. W,lS«3(iii,, Aug. 13, 
1663: lift., Aug. U, IMS; trfii,, Aug. U. 1(63. 

These 19 versions were all included in the 

2nd ed. of his Poemt in Englitk and Latin, 

1673. From these, mainly in the form of 

centos, the following have come into C. IT. : — 

l. Came o« to see Thy goodness, Lord. Pi. Uam, 

%. Defend the poor and desolate. Ft. Ixrxii, 

3. God In the gnat assembly stands. Pt. txxxit. 

4. How lovely are Thy dwellings Air. Pt. Jxxxiv. 
Tram this, " They pass refreshed the tuinty Tale/' Is 
taksn. 

5. Let us with s gladsome [Joyful] tnind. Pt.cwzvl. 
fl. Olefc us with a Joyful mind. Pt. ez&xvi. 

). Ths Lord wiU come and not be slow. Pi. Ixxre. 

Of these centos Nos. 4 and 5 are in exten- 
sive use. Tile rest are mostly in Unitarian 
collections. There are also centos from his 
hymn on the Nativity, " This is the month, 
and this the happy mora "(q, v.). [See f saltan, 
English, § xi.] [J. J.] 

Minimus. One of A. M. Toplady's sig- 
natures in the Gospel Magazine, 

Mir naoh, upricht ChrUtns, unaer 
Held. J. Schejjter. [Following Christ.'] This 
hymn, founded on St. Matt. xvi. 24, has been 
justly characterised as "a masterpiece of 
Scriptural didactic poetry." It is No. 171 in 
Bit. v., 1668, of Schemer's Heilige Seelenlvet 
(Wtrke, 1B62, i. p. 289J, Ui 6 st. of 6 1., en- 



MIRAMUB, DEUS, TUAE 737 

titled " She [the Soul] encourages to the fol. 
lowing of Christ." In the ChtOretchet O. B„ 
Halle, 1697, p. 123, a new stanza was added 
as st. iv., and this form passed through Frey- 
Imghauseti's O. B., 1704, and is No. 640 in the 
Berlin 6. L. S., ed. 1863. Tr. as :— 

1. Oome, follow me, our Lord doth sail. A good 
tr. of st. i., iii. F v., 'vii,, by A. T. Russell, as 
No. 100 in the Dalston Hospital H. Bk., 1848, 
repeated, altered, as No. 163 in his own Pa. $ 
Hyt., 1851. 

3- Bias, follow He ! em Xaatsr aaith. A tr. of 
st. i., v., vi., vii., hy Miss Wink worth, as No. 
78 in her C. B. for England, 1863. 

3. Says Ohiiet, ear Champion, follow me. A tr. 
of st. J., ii., vii., included as No. 449 in the 
Church Praise Bk., N. Y., 1882, marked as 
abridged from a tr. by F. M. Finch, 1880. 

Other trs. aie:-(l) "My joke.saith Christ. Upon 
you take," by F. IV. Foster, aa Ho. 310 In the Jfijrttnasv 
a. Bk., 1IS» (1SSS, No. 48 T), fa) "After me! Christ 
our CViampUm £pake," In the Britith Jftunuine, April. 
1839, p. 401. (3) "Chrietlaqs, aHeodl Our Champion 
cries,'' in the Family Treasury, lei), p. Ill, [J. jj.l 

Mirabilie Deua in Sanctis. [Martyrs.] 
In tlio Bodleian us. 775, f. 160 6 (written iu 
the reign of Etbelred between 994 and 10171 
th:s is the sequence for many martyrs. It is 
given in the Common of many Martyrs in tho 
Sarum (Bodleian us. Barlow 5, circa 1370, page 
430); Part's (Brit. Mos. Add. 16805, f. 235, 
early 14th cent.); Sent (Brit. Mas. Add. 
30058, f. 136o of tho 14Lh cent.); St. Andremt 
(reprint, 1864, p. 416), and other Miesalt. It 
is also in an 11th cent. Winchester service 
book now in the Library of Corpus Christ! 
College, Cambridge, No. 473. It was tr. by 
C. B. Pearson as, " God is to be admired in 
all HU saints," in the Barum Mittal in 
English, 1868: and as "Clod is much to be 
admired," iu hU Sequence* from the Sarum 
Mittal, 1871. It was also tr. as, "Praise to 
Thee, O Lord, most holy," for the Hymrtary, 
1872, by "H. M. C." (i.e. Harriet Mary 
Chester). [J ,M.) 

Mtramur, O Dsub, Tuae. C. CoMn. 
[Wednesday.'] Appeared in the Paris Bre- 
viary, 1786, for Wednesdays, at Matins ; and 
again in his Hymni Saeri, 1786^ p. 18. It 
is also in several modern French Breviaries ; 
in J. Chandler's Hyt. of the Print. Church, 
1837, p. 151 j Card. Newman's Hymai Ecele- 
riae, 1838and 1865; and in Biggs's Annotated 
H. A. & M., 1867. [W. A a] 

Translations in C. U. : — 

1. The weader* ef the Almighty hand. By 
J. Chandler, in his Hys. of the Prim. Church, 
1837, p. 20, in 6 st. of 4 1. ; and again in his 
Hy&. of the Church mostly Primitivs, &c, 1841, 
No. 13. It is found in a few modern collections. 

3. O God supremo! in raft amass. By J. D. 
Chambers, in his Lauda Syon, 1857, p. 20, in ti 
st. of 4 1. It was repeated in the Salisbury H. 
Bk., 1857 ; Martineou's Hymns, 1873 (in 5 st.), 
and in others. 

3. New wonders of Thy mighty hand. By the 
compilers of H. A. fy M., based on J. Chandler, 
as above, and pub. in H. A. $ M., 1861, abbre- 
viated; in Kennedy, 18B3, &c. 

TruahUloiis not in O.TS. : — - 

1, God, we behold how Thy wondroue might, 
1. Willisana. Eritiih Jftifnuine, July, IB34, and his 
Hyt. tr.frtm tie ParUian Dree, inas. 



738 MIBIS FROBAT SESE MODIS 

2, O God, Thy wonder-working band* In J. A. John- 
ston's JSngtiiK i^mna^ isss. [J. J,] 

Miriaprobataeaemodis. JeanBaptiste 
cte SanteMl. [St. Stephen.} Appeared in the 
Cluntae Breviary, 1686, p. 182, in Santcuil's 
Jlymni Saeri el Noei, 1689, p. 57, and the 
Paris Breviary, 1736. It is also in several 
modem French Breviaries, and Card. New- 
man's Jlymni Ecclesiae, 1838 and 1865. Tr. 
as : — 

1. Holy lore toward* heir foes. Vub. in 
I. Williams's Hys. tr. from Hie Pivisian Bre- 
viary, 1839, p. 61, 7 st. of 4 ]., with a doiology. In 
his preface Williams says that this tr. was made 
by a "a friend," In Johnston's -Engfi'sA Hymnal, 
1852, this tr. was altered to "Christian Love 
in wondrous ways"; and in the editions of 1856 
and 1861 to "Holy love in wondrous ways." 

2. Holy lore herself displays. This tr. in 
R. Campbell's Hys. $ Antheiws, &c, 1850, is 
based upon the above by L Williams's "friend." 

Another tr. is : — 

AViiat kindness e'en to mortal flies. J. P. Chamlers, 
1*SI. [J, J,j 

Missals. The Missal [Musale'] is the 
Service-book of the Latiu Church, which con- 
tains all that is said or sung in the service of 
the Holy Eucharist or "the Mass " [Sfisaa}. 
It comprises within itself many and various 
elements which anciently wero distributed in 
different volumes. Such were the Saeraiaea- 
taritna containing the Priest's part of the 
service in the unvarying Canon, with the vary- 
ing Prefaces, Collects, Secrets, aud Poflteom- 
mous ; the Epistolaritsm or Lectionarium, con- 
taining the Epistles ; the Eranijdiariain, con- 
faming the Gospels ; the Graduate, containing 
all the choral portions of the service, viz., the 
Iutroits, Kyries, Gloria in Excelsis, Graduate, 
Tracts, Sequences, Creeds, Offertories, and 
Communions. Of those the Sequences fre- 

Suently formed a separate volume called the 
equentiaU. Still more ancient and long obso- 
lete boots were the Bemtlictionah, containing 
the varying triple episcopal benedictions ; and 
the Tropariam, cuntaining verses or farces, 
varying with each festival, dovetailed into or 
in some way attached to almost every choral 
part of the service. These verses, known as 
Tropes, went generally out of use in the 13th 
century. 

The Missal most widely in circulation iu 
the present day, and gradually superseding all 
other Latin Uses, is the Eomayi Missal. It 
was carefully revised by Pius V, (1570) in 
accordance with the directions of the Council 
of Trent, and so revised its use was enjoined 
in all places aud on all communities which 
could not plead a prescription of two hundred 
years iu favour of a local or peculiar use. It 
subsequently underwent two slighter but 
careful revisions under Clement VIII. (in 1G04) 
and Urban Till, (in 1631), and has received, 
and wilt continue to receive from time to 
time, additional services necessitated by the 
institution of new Festivals. 

Besides the Mismle Homaniiin there were, 
aud to a lesser extent than formerly still arc, 
various Missals, belonging to different Pro- 
vinces, Dioceses, and Religious and Military 
Orders. Such wero the Sarum, York, and 
Hereford Missals of the unrefornied Church 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

of England, the Paris, Lyons, and many 
French Missals, the Augvttinian, Benedictine, 
Pnemonstratentian Missals, &0. These may 
all be regarded as variations and offshoots of 
the Missale Bxymammi. 

Iu addition to monastic or diocesan varia- 
tions of the Soman Missal, there are two 
living Latin Liturgies which deserve special 
notice, because they are, the first probably, 
the second certainly, of a distinct genua or 
family, viz. : that known as the Ephesine or 
Hispano-Gallicnn. These are tho AnH/rosian 
Missal in use in the Church of Milan, and the 
Motarabic Missal in limited use ill the Church 
of Spain. 

Most of these Missals form a quaiTy from 
which an immense amount of hymnologicnt 
material can bo drawn in tho shape of Se- 
quences or Proses, for an account of which see 
Sequenoea. 

But besides Sequences, there are other parts 
of the Liturgy, which sometimes, though 
rarely, assume a metrical or rhyming form. 
Those are the Gradual with its Verses, tho 
Traot, the Qflertorium, the Cammunio, and pos* 
sibly tho more ancient Trope. Details con- 
cerning those are given under their; respective 
titles (q.v.). [F. E. W.] 

Missions, Foreign. Tho hymnody of 
Foreign Missions is, as a whole, practically 
unknown. Most persons have some idea of 
the great work accomplished by Christian 
missionaries in the translation of the Holy 
Scriptures into almost all known languages ; 
but few have ever thought how much has 
been done by them in the translation anl 
composition of hymns, the preparation of 
hymn-books, and in general, in the introduc- 
tion of Christian Hymnody among the various 
nations io whom they have preached the Gos- 
pel. It is the object of this article to set forth 
this as fully and accurately as the limits of 
our spaco will allow. Although Protestant 
Christians of several denominations in Great 
Britain and America have missions in various 
parts of Europe, we shall not include any of 
these in onr notice, with the single exception 
of the missions in European Turkey. "We 
propose to speak of Missionary Hymnody — 

I. In -caHaus •parts of America; North, 
Central, and South ; 

II. In the Islands of the Paciflo, in Kew 
Guinea and Borneo ; 

III. In Asia, from Japan westward to 
Twltey ; 

IV. In Africa, East, South and West. 

The following abbreviations will be used ; — 

Jf. M. = Moravian Missions. 

C. M. 8. = Church Missionary Society. 

S.P.G. = Society for tho Propagation of tlieGospcl 
In Foreign Forts. 

B. At. S. = baptist Missionary Society. 

IT. M. S. ^ AVealeyan Missionary Society. 

L. Jr. S. = ]j>ndon Missionary Sacieiy. 

K. s. M. = Church ot Scotland Foreign Missions. 

F. C. S. = free Church of Scotland Forciffn Missions. 

A. 11. Jf. ii American Baptist Missionary Union. 

A. B. V. = American Board of Commissioners for 
Foreign Missions. 

A. Jf. JE, = Missionary Society of the Methodist Epi- 
scopal Church of America. 

A. P. At. = Board, of Foreign Missions ot the Ameri- 
can Presbyterian Church. 

The names of other Missionary Societies, less fret 
nuently mentioned, will be given in full. 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

I. America. 
i. North America. 

This extends over a vast extent of country 
from Greenland to Mexico. 

1. Greenland, — The M. M. on the western coast 
of Greenland commenced in 1721. In 1738 
Kajarnak, tho first convert, was won by " the 
Story of the Cross j" now the whole of the coun- 
try is Christianised. Since 1772 tho Green- 
landers havo had their own printed hymn-book. 
An enlarged oU., pub. in 1819, was received by 
them with great joy, and recent accounts show 
that they retain their fondness for hymns. 
Not only do they sing well in their churches 
and homes, but the long coasting voyages in 
the " umiaks," or women's boats, are enlivened 
by the sweet voices of tho female rowers unit- 
ing in sacred song. 

i. Labrador. — Crossing Davis Strait to tho 
bleak coiist of Labrador we find the self-deny- 
ing agents of tho some society [Jtf. if.] at wort. 
In 1770 Jans Haven, from Greenland, sang to 
tho Eskimoos of Labrador, a hymn in Green- 
landic, a language which they understood, and 
in the midst of a barbaric dance they were 
charmed by it into silence. These Eskimoes 
now themselves sing Christian hymns at their 
morning and evening prayers^ even when away 
ftom their homos on their hunting, fishing, or 
sealing expeditions. For a long time they have 
had a neat 12mo hymnal, the last revision 
being by the Rev. Theodore Bourquin, who 
translated most of the modern hymns. The 
1x>ok contains about 900 hymns, and wits 
printed in 1879, at Stolpen, in Germany. The 
Inst eight pages contain the notes of 10 melo- 
dies with the words below. The following ore 
the first lines of a few of the hymns : — 

"PissUink«iuiieftot[t"=:"0 Lamb q! God, un- 
spotted," 

" Ksrslit kakfcanglnlt " = " From Greenland's ley 
mountains." 

" Attc, tupalerltse okpertut " = " Christians rorake." 

"lllakks, maksuelanlta " = " Hold the fort." 

The number of syllables and accents is the 
same as in the English hymns, so that they 
may be sung to the same tunes, but the lines 
do not rhyme. 

S. Ore* Indian*,— -Crossing the northern part 
of North America, and passing westward 
through British territory, more than 3000 
miles, we traverse a region, at present sparsely 
inhabited by Indians and European settlers. 
Here, however, are many stations of the C. 
M. 8„ & P. G., and W. M. 8., the last named 
being now sustained by the Wesleyans of 
Canada, We can here speak of only one spe- 
cimen of tho hymnal work of this region. 
Bishop Horden, of the diocese of Moosonoe, 
has recently completed an enlarged hymn-book 
in the language of the Ores Indians, containing 
150 hymns, all, except three or four, being his 
own translations. 

t, British Columbia. — We pass to British 
Columbia, on tho North Pacific coast. Here 
at Metlnkahtta, and other places in the north 
of that territory, are stations of the C. M. 8. 
among the Tslmthean Indians, and other tribes. 
For the use of the Tsimsheans a collection of 
19 hymns has been made by Bishop W, Ridley, 
translated by himself, Mrs. Ridley, and Mrs. 
Morrison, and printed at Metlakahtla, Such 
hymns as "How sweet tho name of jesus 



MISSIONS. FOREIGN 



(39 



sounds"; "Just as I am"; "Jesu, Lover of 
iny sonl,"&o. are included. In the report of 
tho C. M. 8. for 1887, wo read how ou ono 
occasion the last hours of a dying Indian wore 
soothod by the singing of the last named hymn. 
In tho Ntslca dialect, akin to the Taiinsheon, 
a collection of hymns has been prepared by 
tho Eev. W. H. Collifon, to which Mr. J. B. 
McCullngh, the present missionary on tiio 
upper Nans, has recently mado additions, in- 
cluding a metrical paraphrase of Ps. xxiii., 
whicJi is a great favourite with the people. 

B. Queen Charlotte's Island*. — Among tbo 
Baidat of Qnoen Charlotte's Islands, just off 
tho const ofB.Colmn.bia, another mission of the 
C. M. 8. has been established by the Itcv. W. 
H, Collison. In their language, which differs 
greatly from the Tsimsheau, Mr, Collison has 
composed some hymns, and translated others, 
which, although not yet pub. in book form, 
arc known and sung for aad wide The pre- 
sent missionary, Rev. C. Harrison, is adding 
to the number of these hymns. 

e. Vaneouwr'* Island— The Rev. A. J. Hall, 
of the C. M. 8., who is labouring among tho 
Kwa Gulth tribe, in tho north of Vancouver's 
Island, has prepared a number of hymns in 
the language of that people, and has taught 
them to sing them. 

7. Various in the U.S.A. — Passing southward 
through tlio territories of the United States, 
where the Red Men still survive, we find them 
chiefly to the west of the Mississippi, occu- 
pying "Reservations." A recent Government 
return gives their number as 277,656, of whom 
only about 30,000 know English enough for 
ordinary intercourse. Ten American Mission- 
ary Societies are at work among them, and 
tho following Hymnals have been prepared for 
their use by agents of the A. B. O. ;—Chevolcee, 
52 pp.; Creek, 85 pp.; Seneaa (two books); 
Ofiftipa, 40 pp. ; Choctaw, 84 pp.; Dakota or 
Sioux Indians, 37 pp., by Dr. S. it. Riggs, and 
another, bythe Rev. J. P. Williamson, 181 pp. 
_ 8. Mexico. — From the United States territo- 
ries we naturally pass to Mexico, where the 
American Baptists of the Southern Conven- 
tion, the A. B. C. and A. M, E. have vigorous 
Protestant missions, conducted for the most 
part in the Spanish language. But no replies 
have been received to our inquiries as to their 
Hymnody. 

ii. Central America. 
In connection with the JIT. M. in Central 
America various hymns have been rendered 
into the language of the Jkfosfcflo India™. 
Rut these have not been printed, as the 
English hymn-book is mainly used in that 
mission-field. 

In like manner in British Honduras, in 
Jamaica, the Bahamas, the Bermudas, and other 
places in tho West Indies, where hundreds of 
congregations of Negroes and Creoles have 
been gathered into the Cliuroh of Christ, tho 
hymn-books used are chiefly those of their 
respective Denominations in Great Britain. 

iii. South America. 
1. British Guiana, — Here are missions of the 
8. P. O. and L, M. 8. The population, con- 
sists of a great variety of nationalities: tho 
Aborigines, British settlers, and Coolies from 
China, and different parts of India. The 



740 MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

Missionaries teach the Aborigines to sing in 
English. For tho Chinese they obtain hymn- 
books from Hong Kong ; for the Indian coolies 
books from India in Tamil, Bengali, Hindi, 
and Urdu, [See on Tnai», p. 7M.] 

B. Dutch Gui*D*, nit Surinam has stations of 
tho itf, M. Being a Dutch possession the 
hymnal used for the services at Paramaribo 
is in that language, prepared in connection 
with tho M. M. in South Africa. But a curi- 
ous Creole dialect, called Negro-English, is the 
mother tongue of the negroes in many parts 
of Surinam ; and a hymn-book in this dialect 
■was issued from the mission press in 1820. A 
new ed. appealed m 18*1. Yet another ed., 
revised and enlarged, has been recently pub. 
It contains 600 hymns, is attractively hound, 
and has met with a large sale. 

8. Various, — More than a century ago the 
borderland of British and Dutch Guiana was 
the scene of a Moravian mission to the Ara- 
wack Indians, and tlicro is still extant in MS. 
a collection of liymus in that language. "With 
regard to the hymnody of the far greater part 
of South America, viz. Venezuela, Columbia, 
Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, tho Argentine Republic, 
and Uruguay, we are able to give but little 
information. The English South American 
Missionary Society uses the S. P. C. K. Church 
Hymna for most of its English services, and 
the hymn-book of the B, & P. Sailors' Society 
in services for seamen. The A. JIT. E. lias 
missions in Uruguay, tho Argentine Republic, 
and at several places on the "Western Coast. 
The Southern Baptist Convention of the U. 
States has missions in Brnzil ; and tho A. P. M. 
in Columbia, Brazil, and Chili, but no answer 
to letters of enquiry has been received except 
from Chili. From Valparaiso the Rev. D, 
Turnbull, d.d., writes to say that two or three 
hymn-books have been pub. there, the hymns 
being in Spanish, mostly translations, probably 
made in Spain, and aro not very satisfactory. 
Hymns are sung at Oosbooia, in Tiemt-del- 
Fuego, and we believe that some of these, 
probably composed by Capt, Allen Gardiner, 
are in the language of the Yahgon Indians, 
but have not been able to ascertain particulars. 

II. I»1ande of the Pacific, &c 
Modern geographers liave arranged the 
islands of the great Pacific Ocean wider three 
divisions, Micronesia, Polynesia and Melane- 
sia, (i.) Micronesia, so called from the smoll- 
ness of most of its islands, comprises all those 
lying north of the equator, from tho Hawaiian 
group in the east to Malaysia in the west. 
(ii.) Polynesia, a name once used in a wider 
sense, is now restricted to the islands situated 
to the south of the equator, and between 180° 
of longitude and S. America. It includes the 
Marquesan, Tahitian, Samoan, and other 
groups, (iii.) Melanesia, so called from the 
dark colour of its inhabitants, includes tlie 
islands south of the equator, from long. 180° 
westward to New Guinea, such as the Fiji 
group, the New Hebrides, and others. Micro- 
nesia and Polynesia are inhabited by the 
Malay-Polynesian race, probably of Asiatic 
origin. The people arc, for the most part, bill 
and well-formed, their skin of a light yellow 
colour, their hair a smooth glossy black, and 
'J»:ir language soft and mellifluous. Tho 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

MeJanetiant, on the otheT hand, belong to the 
Papuan race, and are probably of African 
origin. Their skin is dark, their hair crisp, 
and features plain. Their language is quite 
distinct from the Malay -Polynesian, and is 
endlessly diversified. Not only on every group 
of islands but on every island, a different dia- 
lect is spoken, and so widely different are they 
as to ho almost, sometimes altogethsr, unin- 
telligible to the inhabitants of an adjoining 
island. It may bo conceived how much toil 
in tho learning of languages and the propaga- 
tion of distinct books, such as hymnals, tli' 
fact imposes on missionaries. 

i. Micronesia. 

1. Hawaiian Iilsnis. — In our notice of hym- 
nody in the Pacific we begin with the Hawai- 
ian Islands, at the eastern extremity of 
Micronesia, These islands, mountainous and 
volcanic, and yet so lovely in scenery as to be 
likened to a terrestrial paradise, were once 
notorious for the barbarism and cruelty of their 
inhabitants. But now, chiefly through the 
labours of the missionaries of the A. B. C. 
they are Christianized and civilized. As early 
as 1823 a small hymn-book of 60 pp. was pre- 
pared by the Revs. H. Bingham and W. Ellis; 
in 1834 appeared a HymnandTuno Book of 360 
pp. edited by the Bev, H. Bingham, and a few 
years later a Child's hymn-book (72 pp.) by 
the some editor. In 1842 another Children's 
book with tunes was pub., and in 1855 ap- 
peared tho Hawaiian Lyre. In 1867 the Rev. 
L. Lyons edited a hymnal for general use, 
containing 400 hymns, translated by himself, 
H. B'igham, W. Ellis, A. O. Forbes, R, Arm- 
strong, and A. Bishop. This has been en- 
larged, and tho last ed. (1885) contains 612 
hymns. Mr, Lyons has also translated and 
pub. the Sacred Songs and Solos of Sankey, 
and other collections of popular Christian 
songs with music. 

In connection with the Anglican mission in 
these islands, commenced in 1861, services are 
conducted in the Hawaiian language and 
hymns are sung, but we have failed to obtain 
information as to details. 

1. Xarahall lalanda. — {Sailing west by south 
from Hawaii, for about 1600 miles, we corcte to 
tho Marshall Islands, in two groups, compris- 
ing about 30 coral islets, with a population of 
12,000, For their use the Rev. B. T, Doane, 
of the A. B. C, prepared, in 1860, a Primer 
and Hymn-book of 44 pp. In 1863 appeared 
Hymn», by Mr. Doane (24 pp.), and in 1866 a 
similar book edited by the Bev. B. G. Snow, 
of the same Society. 

8. Curolim Zjlftndi. — Still more to the west 
are the Caroline Islands, claimed by the Span- 
iards, the chief of which ore Ponape, or 
Ascension Island, 60 miles in circumference, 
and Kusaie, or Strong's Island, about 30 miles 
in circuit. In 1858 a hymn-book of 19 pp, 
was prepared in the Ponape dialect by Dr. L. 
H. Gulick, and enlarged in 1864-5 by the Rev. 
A. A. Sturges. Another collection of 32 pp. was 
prepared in 1865, by the Rev. B. G. Snow, in 
the Kwaie dialect. All this was in connection 
with the missionary work of the A. B. C. 

4. Xhe Gilbart lalanda. — Passing from the 
Caroline Islands in a south-easterly direction 
we come upon the Gilbert Islands, right on 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

the equator, forming 16 groups of a fair size, 
with many islets, and a population of 30,000. 
Here the A. B, 0. has a mission. In I860 the 
Eev. H. Bingham, jun., and his wife, pub. a 
hymn-book of 12 pp. Three years later it 
was enlarged to 27 pp., and in 1874 and 1877 
additionafhymns were printed. 

Before leaving Micronesia we may quote the 
Invocation of the Lord's Prayer in some of its 
different languages. This will show that, 
though allied in grammatical structure, they 
are yet so diverse as to require a distinct hym- 
nal literature for each one. 

11 Obi Father, which art In heaven." 

Btonttiian. '* E ko makou Makna iloko o ka- lanl." 

Marthall lAanis. " JememnU f Ion." 

' Giffxrt Itfottdi. " Tuun are i karawa." 

Xuaitan, "FapatnmussamkoMo." 

ii. Polynesia, 
We are not able to give information con- 
cerning the hymnody of more than two groups 
of islands in this part of the Pacific. In 
the Society Islands, including Tahiti, the 
Hervcy Islands, the Tonga Islands, and 
others, agents of the L. X. 8. and W. M. 8. 
have long laboured, and the people have 
possessed hymn-books, but we are without 
details. The Marquesas Islands, six in num- 
ber, are about 2000 miles east by south from 
the Hawaiian group, and the language is simi- 
lar but not identical. In 1370 the Rev. James 
Bieknell, son of an English Missionary to the 
Society Islands, prepared in Marquesan a 
hymu-book of 30 pp., since reprinted. In the 
important Samoan group, a hymnal is used, 
begun in 1810, enlarged in successive editions, 
and now containing 372 hymns and 39 chants. 
Most of the hymns are translations of well- 
known English hymns, such as " Jesu, Ix>ver 
of my soul," and " When I survey the won- 
drous cross" ("Jesu, faapaolo mai," and "A 
ou manatn ipo net"); or passages of Holy 
Scripture paraphrased. The words of the 
chants are taken from Holy Scripture. The 
translators were missionaries of the L. Jkf. S., 
Messrs. Buzacott, Heath, Hardie, Murray, 
Pratt, Niabet, O. Turner, ll.d., Parell and 
Whitmee— Mrs. Turner and Mrs. Nisbett, and 
Peni, e, Samoan pastor. 

iii. Melanesia. 

(1) Tit Pqian group comprises 80 inhabited 
islands, and has been Christianized mainly 
through the labours of the W. M. 8. From 
the commencement of Christian worship the 
Lord's Prayer, the Jubilate, the Te Deum, 
&c, as translated by the early missionaries, 
have been sung to native chants; but these 
are monotonous and melancholy. The hymns 
first used were mainly translations by the 
Bevs. J. Hunt, R. B. Lyth, and J. Wahiford. 
A few of these are still in use and throb with 
life, " expressing," says the Eev. J. Nettleton, 
" in mellifluous and Italian-like Fijian alt the 
cadences of Christian faith and hope and 
love." There have been several editions of 
the Fijian hymn-book, the one now in use 
containing 178 hymns, chiefly composed or 
translated by the Revs. J. Nettleton, — Lori- 
mer, — Fieon, m.a., and A. J. Webb. The best 
hymns are original; the translated ones are 
stiff. English metres are used and the lines 
rhyme. The people delight in singing, and 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN til 

those who have been tanght new tunes go 
round and teach them to others in the villages. 
ft) The Hew Hebrides. — About 400 miles west 
of Fin and 1000 miles nearly due north of 
New Zealand, is the group of the New Hebri- 
des, so named by Cnpt, Cook, because he 
believed them to be the most westward islands 
of the Pacific. There are about 30 in the 
group ; nearly 20 are inhabited and some are 
of considerable size. Almost every inhabited 
island has its own dialect, often so different 
from the rest as to be practically a distinct 
language. But all these dialects belong to 
the Papuan stock. The L. M. 8. was the first 
to begin missionary labour in the New Hebri- 
des, but many years ago the work was amic- 
ably transferred to the Reformed Presbyterian 
Church of Scotland, which in 187G united 
with the Free Church of Scotland, The Rov. 
John Inglis, u.d., who was a missionary in 
Aneityum, the most southerly island of the 
group, from 1852 until recently, has furnished 
us with the following particulars as to the 



(a) " The hymnal used In Aneitywm contains M 
hymns — 'Nohialttai Tup' — parti; translations or imi- 
tations of Knglisb hymns, and part]; original. They 
were translated or composed chiefly by the Hev, Did, 
Qeddle and Inglis, — a few by the Bevs. J, Copeland and 
T. l*oweLt. Also, since the printing of the hymn-book 
In 1880, some additional hymns lave been prepared oy 
the Bevs. J. Annand and I. Lanrle. 

[6) " On tbe island of fttftRatwolangnages are spoken, 
and there ere two missionaries, the Hev. Messrs. Watt 
and Gray. Mr. Watt baa from as to 3S hymns, chiefly 
prepared, and all printed by himself. Mr. Gray has a 
few, prepared by himself, and printed by Mr. Watt. 

(c) "On Eromanaa, notorious for tine murder of John 
Williams and of the missionary brothers G. N. and 
J. E. Gordon, they now sine abont 30 hymns, prepared 
by Messrs. J. D. Gordon and Robertson. 

(d) " Similarly, small collections of hymns have been 
prepared for (be nee of the natives of Ftttuna, Sfate, 
Aimta. yguna, Tangoa, Epi and Ambrim, the com- 
posers or translators being the missionaries respectively 
located on these islands. In tbe northern islands of the 
group a commencement of missionary labour has only 
Just been made." 

All the hymns in the above-named collections 
are composed to English metres and sung to 
English tunes, but tho lines do not rhyme. 
The native poetry is a kind of elevated prose, 
cut up into divisions like verses, followed by 
choruses which are chiefly single syllables 
with no meaning, suoh as lil la, lil la. And 
the native music is a kind of chanting, with 
"a loud noise." Dr. Inglis is of opinion that 
the singing of Christian hymns would bo 
more popular if they wero composed more 
after the native style of song. 

(3) Banks Islands, Santa Crox bland*, Solomon 
Islands, Norfolk Island. All these islands, ex- 
cept Norfolk Island, are situated to the north 
and north-west of the New Hebrides, and wero 
brought into uotico as a scene of missionary 
labour through the self-denying devotion of 
the lamented Bishop Fatteson. His plan was 
to make Norfolk Island, to the south, a base of 
evangelistic operations, and to visit the other 
islands periodically, the language of Mota, one 
of the Banks Islands, being used as a lingua 
franca. In his letters (see Life of Bp. J. C. 
Fatteson, by C. M. Yonge) are very interesting 
references to Psalms and Hymns translated or 
composed by him, and sung in various re- 
ligious services. Thus, in 1867, the bishop 
writes from Norfolk Island, " wo sing the 
Venite, Magnificat, Nunc dlmittii, &c, in 



742 MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

parte, to single and double chants." Again, 
" and now they are practising hymns in Mote 
for our 11 a.m. service." Aid the following 
year he writes, "Every week we read in 
chapel about 40 psalms and sing 12 hymns. 
These are pretty well known by heart.'' A 
number of hymns seem to have been in use for 
years, before being collected into a book. The 
Rev. Dr. Codrington, who was for some time 
Bishop Fatteson's colleague in the Anglican 
Melanesian Mission, has favoured us with tho 
following account of the Mota hymn-book :~ 

" This book, aa lately reprinted, contain? 8V hymns, 
and there are throe more since In use that I know of. 
Of these, M aw by Bishop Patteson. 21 arc original 
compositions, most of them excellent. The rest are 
adaptations rather than translations. 20 are by myself, 
of which 8 are original! 12 are by the Rev; C. Bice ; 
8 by the Rev. J. Palmer, and 2 by Bishop Belwyn. The 
hymns by the three last named are translations or 
adaptations- Among; the hymns translated are, ' Thou 
whose Almighty mm,' * Eternal Father, strong to save,' 
1 The Church's one foundation/ * Gracious Spirit, Holy 
Ghost,' ' How beauteous are the feet,' &c, &c. The 
most interesting hymns in the book are three by native 
composers, particularly one by a teacher named Clement 
Marau, a Banks Islander." 

Several hymns were composed by the Eev. C. 
H. Brooke in the language of Florida, one of 
the Salomon Islands; others, by Bishop 
Solwyn and tho Her ,0. Bice, in the languages 
spoken in Ysabel (Solomon Islands), Aurora 
Island, Pentecost Island, and Leper's Island, 
in tho New Hebrides. 

(1) Loyalty Island!, — Between the New 
Hebrides and the French possession of New 
Caledonia is a small group, called theLoyalty 
Islands, the chief of which are Lifu, Mare" and 
Uvea. In these islands the L. M. 8. has for 
many years hod a mission. In 1864 what is 
known as the Lifu Hymn Book was prepared 
and printed at Mard by tho Eev. S. McFnr- 
lane, ll.d. It contains 231 hymns. Moat are 
translations of tho best English hymns, but 
many are original. Tho metres and tunes are 
English, and the natives are said to sing very 
woll. 

(ft) Mew Guinea, — A few years ago the L. M. 
8. began a mission in the eastern part of A'ew 
Guinea, and tho labours of the Bev. Dr. 
MoFarlane were transferred thither from the 
Loyalty Islands!. Already throo small hymn- 
books have been prepared, each containing 96 
hymns, in 3 distinot dialects. These are 
bound np in one volume with, the Gospel of 
St. Mark and a small catechism. Though 
belonging to tho same Papuan or Melanotdan 
group of languages, these dialects arc distinct 
from the Lifuan both in words and in gram- 
matical structure. 

iv. Borneo and Singapore. 
(1) Borneo, one of tho largest islands in the 
world, is inhabited for the most part by a 
people called Dyaks, akin to the Malays, and 
divided into numerous petty tribes, with 
exceedingly barbarous usages. Near the 
ousts arc many Malays proper, and in the 
north-western portion of the island probably a 
quarter of a million of Chinese. For *10 ycaTS 
past tho & P, G. has had missions in Borneo, 
which now form part of the diocese of Singa- 
pore, Labuan and Sarawak. Tho Ten. Arch- 
deacon Mesney has supplied ns with the 
following particulars in regard to Christian 
hymnody. 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

11 Collections of hymns have been made in three Ian-* 
gnagee— iratoy. Land in/ok, and Sea liyak. These have 
been gradually formed, the 1st now containing about 
100 hymns t the and, about 8C, and the 3rd, between 30 
and 40. The hymns prepared in the early days of the 
mission were In simple Malay, and the first hymn was 
a metrical version of the Creed, Most of the hymns in 
all three collections are translations or adaptations of 
English hymns, such as " V/e love the place, O God ;" 
"Abide with me;" "Uocte of ages;" "Qcoms, all ye 
faithful;" "Glory be to Jesus,'' &c. The translators 
were Bishop Chambers ; the present Bishop, G. r. Hose, 
an. ; the Revs. W. H. Gomes, F. W. Abe, J. L. Zebnder, 
J. Periuun, C. W. Fowler, and other missionaries. A 
few of the hymns are original, e.g. a harvest hymn In 
Sea /tyafc, and others in Malay, by Bishop Chambers, 
and some in Sea Xtyafc by the Eev. J. Perh'am. English 
metres and tunes are used, and in most of the hymns the 
lines rhyme as In English. The books are printed at 
the mission press, at Kuchlng, Sarawak." 

(2) Singapore has a very mixed population of 
MaJajw, Tamils, and Chinese, all of whom 
the 8. P. G. seeks to benefit The Malay 
hymn book there used was arranged by tho 
Bev. W, H. Gomes (named abovo), and was 
printed at Singapore. 

HI. AHa. 

i. Japan, 
In this remarkable country the develop- 
ment of Christian hymnody has been as rapid 
as that of other ideas and usages so recently 
introduced from Europe and America. At 
the close of 1873, when the Bev, C. F. "Warren, 
of the C. M, 8. (to whom we are indebted for 
much of the information contained in this 
section), arrived in Japan, converts were very 
few, and though attempts had been mode to 
produce metrical hymns for Christian worship, 
some were of opinion that the use of hymns 
could never become general. The character 
of Japanese poetry presented one great 
difficulty. " It has neither rhyme, assonance, 
nor quantity. It is not marked by a regular 
succession of accented syllables, as in 
English, and is only distinguished from prose 
by metre." As a rule Japanese metre con- 
sists of lines of 5 and 7 syllables, What is 
called Short Poetry — tho most common — 
consists of 31 syllables, divided into lines as 
follows : — 5, 7, a, 7, 7. There is a variation 
from this with lines thus :— 5, 7, 7, 5, 7, 7, 
and another, though this is not classical, of 
17 syllables, 5, 7, 5, Tho Long Poetry con- 
sists of any number of lines of 5 and 7 
syllables, regularly alternating and closing 
with n final line of 7 syllables, thus : — 5, 7 
.... 5, 7, 7. Another difficulty was to find 
suitable tunes to these peculiar metres. A 
few English tunes, like " Home, sweet home," 
could be easily adapted, and one or two 
Japanese tunes were available. These, how- 
ever, were but few, and tho effect was by no 
means pleasing. But, notwithstanding those 
initial difficulties, we have at this moment 
before us five Japanese Christian hymn-books, 
and have received information concerning yet 
others. Altogether there ore now at least 
350 hymns in tho Japanese language. Most 
of these are translations or adaptations of 
English and American hymns. They are 
composed to English moires, though without 
rhyme, and are sung to English tunes, 
Among hymnals at present in use may be 
mentioned the following • — 

(1) A hymn-book containing ~6 hymns in Roman 
characters and 43 tunes in Sol-Mi notation was pab. at 



MISSIONB, FOBEION 

Yokohama, In ms, and prepared by tbe Bev. Nathan 
Drawn, n.D. [j(. ,6. jr. J 

(3) Tbe suns distinguished missionary, who had pre* 
viously laboured m Assam and Burma, and written 
hymns in the language or each country [see Surma], 
put forth. In ISTft, another hymn-book, In Japanese, 
containing 138 hymns. This vis enlarged in successive 
eda. ontU. In 1S8S, it comprised 33) hymns. It la the 
recognised hymnal of the A. B. M. in Japan, and the 
last ed- was pub, shortly after Dr. Brcwn'B death. The 
hymns are chiefly translations, although a good number 
of original compositions, mostly by native Christians, 
aretncluded. Three tranalatlonaandtwooriginalbymna 
are by Miss Clara A. Sands, of the A. B. M. From 
hymn-book No. 1 we may quote, as a specimen of Japa- 
nese, the first verse of " All bail the power of Jesna' 



" Ycsuno nawo tontoml 
Tentd birefose, 
(Juno sokdiwo Iwal 
Tencnto tonaye." 

(3) The hymn-book of the ^rfjeofwZ Chunk Mittfant, 
American and English, pub. at Osaka, 1883. It wis 
prepared by the Rev. T. S. Tyng, of the Amtr. ]%>it. 
Mia., and contains US hymns. Among them are hymns 
(some original) by the Revs. P. JC Fyson and C. F. 
Warren, of the ft M. 8., and H. J. Foss, k.a., of the 
S. P. tf. The editor, in his preface, also thanks tbe 
llev. H. Kvington [ft M, 8.] and several native scholars 
for Important assistance. 

(4) Hymn-book of tbe Prttbyteriant, called The 
Unittd Vhurih cf Chritt in Japan, pub. In Tekto, 1831. 
The translator was Mr. Hara, a Japanese, and it con- 
tains 103 hymns, the names of the tunes being attached 
in English. 

(si Hymn-hool; of the A. B. C. mission, prepared by 
the Rev. W. Curtis and a committee of natives ; pub. at 
Osaka, 1332. This book contains 130 hymns with 
tunes, and 14 Psalms set to Chants, and la at present 
used by tbe Congregational Churches. Bnt the Eev, 
Dwlght W. Learned [A. B. C.] Informs us that It la soon 
to be superseded by one now In course of preparation by 
a Joint committee of missionaries and Japanese repre- 
senting tbe A. B. ft, the Presbyterian and the Beferrned 
Missions. 

(a) Tbe hymn-book of the A. X. £., containing SU 
hymns and a few chants edited abont 3 years ago, by tbe 
Rev. J. C Davison, of Nagasaki. It contains several 
tones composed for it in tbe Japanese metre 5,7,6,7,7, 
and is said by Mr. Learned to be the N most elaborate 
nook yet produced in Japan." 

Congregational singing is an innovation in 
Japan. La the Buddhist services the priests 
alone chant. But thousands of Japanese 
Christians now sing hymns heartily and even 
enthusiastically ; the ubo of cabinet organs 
and harmoniums is common in the churches, 
and in the girls' schools the pupils learn to 
play on them, 

ii. China. 

The first hymn-book in China was pub. by 
thr. Morrison in 1818, and contained 30 
hymns. The number of boots prepared and 
published during tho last SO years has been 
very largo, partly because increased acquaint- 
ance with the language has made translators 
of hymns dissatisfied with their earlier efforts, 
and prompted them to put forth new ones, 
and partly because of tho rmmbor of distinct 
spoken dialects in China. A peculiarity of 
tho Chinese language is tliat the written or 
printed characters represent ideas rather than 
sounds;, and these characters in the Wen Li, 
or " Classic style," are understood by tho 
educated throughout the empire. But the 
ordinary colloquial varies according to the 
district. Thus, wliat is called tho Mandarin 
CoUaqvial, used by the mandarins and in 
oourt circles at Peking, is tho principal spoken 
language in North China, the region north of 
the great Yangtse Kiang. But bc-sidos this, 
are the Shanghai and FooeAtno rolloquials 
spoken by about 8 millions each, the collo- 
quial of tlingpo, Bpoken by about 5 millions, 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 743 

the dialects of Canton, Swatow, Amop, and 
other districts. Some of these dialects differ 
so much that interpreters are needed between 
them. Some missionaries hold that hymn- 
books should be in the Wen Id, or classical 
form of the language, and that the people 
should be educated to the use of it. Cut the 
majority have maintained that tbe present 
needs of the multitude should bo considered, 
and for this reason have published hymn-books 
in tho various oolloquials. 

In tho present article we shall mention, as 
samples, books pub. in North, MidtUe, and 
Soutli China. 

(i.) Worth china. (1) Through the kindness 
of the Bev. Jon. Lees, of the L. M. 8., wo 
have now before us a copy of the hymn-book 
pub. by himself and the Bev. J. Edkins, d.d., 
at Tientsin in 1872. It contains 206 hymns, 
and from the English index of first lines it 
appears that almost all aro translations (often 
very free) of tho best English hymns. 
Previous to this the Eev. W. C. Bums bad 
pub. a small collection ; and 43 of his transla- 
tions, in many cases recast, are inoluded in 
the 1372 hook. In the preparation of this 
book Mr. Lees had as assistants two very able 
Chinese soholars, the Bev. Cliang-tsu-leu and 
his son, Mr. Chang-chiu-song. ft is used not 
only in the North China missions of 1ho 
L. M. 8., but also by Presbyterians and New 
Connexion Methodists. 

(2) Another equally important work is the 
hymnal pub. at Peking iu 1872 by the Eevs. 
D. Blodgett, D.D. and Chauncey Goodrich. It 
is in the Mandarin Colloquial, and has been 
pronounced iy one authority to bo " the best 
hymn-book used in China." Nearly all the 
hymns are translations. Indeed the number 
of original Chinese Christian hymns in exist- 
ence is very small. 

(3) In the B. iff. in North China, a book is 
tised compiled from others, hut including a few 
translations by tho Eev. F. H. James [B. M. &]. 

(4) The Eev. J. Lees has pub. a small book 
containing 17 hymns, chiefly translations hy 
himself from I. Sankey's Sac. Songs & Solon, 
but including one original hymn by Mr. 
CMng-ohiu-seng, and said to be a lino hymn, 

(ii.) Mid-China. (1) A hymn-book in the 
Ningpo dialect was pub. about 1858, pre- 
pared by tho Eevds. Archdeacon Cobbold 
of ihe C. M. $.; Dr. Martin and H. V. 
Bonkin, of tbe A. F. iff. ; J. Hudson Taylor, 
and others. This was revised and enlarged 
several times, until in 1875 it included 275 
hymns, eleven hcing translations or com- 
positions by the Ven. Archdeacon Moulo [C. 
M. &]. This hymn-book, printed at tho 
Presbyterian Mission Press, Shanghai, has 
been used hitherto by Churchmen and Nan- 
conformists in Ningpo, and in other psrts of 
the province of Chchkiang. 

(2) In 1871 Bishop Moule prepared a book 
iu the Uanqchow dialect for tho uso of the 
churches ot the C. iff. 8. in that city and 
neighbourhood. It contains 82 hymns, and 
is printed in both Eomau and Chinese 
characters. 

(3) Archdeacon Moule [C. iff. 8.] has now 
(1887) in the press at Shanghai a collection 
which lie hopes will be widely intelligible in 
China. It contains 221 hymns, some being 



744 MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

translations by himself, others by his brother, 
Bishop Monle, and one hymn is original. 

(i) The collection compiled fay the Rev. 
Griffith John, of Hankow \L. M. 8.\ con- 
tains 200 hymns, »U translations. Of these 
8 oi 10 are from the Welsh, made either by 
Mr. John or the Bev. Evan Bryant \L. M. 
S.]. Iu the later editions many expressions of 
the Mandarin Colloquial have been exchanged 
for others belonging to the literary style. 
This book is used by many missionaries of 
the China Inland Mission, and also at I 
Chang, a station of the K. 8. M. 

(5) At the W. St. 8. at Hankow a book is 
used, compiled by the Rev. W. Scarborough, 
and pub. in 1875. It was preceded "by a 
hymnal prepared by the Bev. Josioh Cox, 
The 180 hymns in the present book are 
chiefly translations, many of them from 
Sankey's Sac. Songt & Soloi. "We wait," 
says Mr. Scarborough, " for a Christian, poet 
in China," The dialect is the Mandarin 
Colloquial 

(in,) Sooth Chin*, (1) The most flourishing 
missions in China up to the present have 
been those of the English Presbyterian 
Church at Amoy, Swatow, in Formosa and in 
tho Hakka country. Two hymn-books have 
been prepared, one in the Amoy dialect, 
containing 70 hymns, the other, in that of 
Swatow, containing over ISO. Some of these 
are translations of Psalms, others translations 
or adaptations of English hymns, and a few 
are original. The Bev. W. 8. Swanson, of 
the E. Presb. Mission, informs us that the Rev. 
Wm. Young, of the L. M. 8., was the first 
successful composer of hymns in the Amoy 
dialect, and 13 of his hymns are still in use. 
To him succeeded the Bev. W. C. Burns, 
already mentioned. The Revs. Carstairs 
Douglas, ll.Dt J. V. N. Talmage, d.d., and 
Alex. Stronaoh hare also helped in the work. 
In connection with the Presbyterian Missions 
in this part of China many interesting facts 
might be related illustrative of the value of 
hymnody as an evangelistic agency, bat for 
these we have no room. 

(2) The great city of Foochow is the cen- 
tral station of three missions-— those of the 
C. X. 8., A. B. C. 4 A. M. E. In 1860 the Rev. 
W. O. Bums, named above, was here tempo- 
rarily, and prepared in the Foochow Colloquial 
a translation of hymns written by Mr. Young 
and himself, which had previously appeared 
in the Amoy dialect. Ho added others, 
making up a book of more than 30 hymns. 
These were deemed so excellent that they were 
adopted by all three missions, and superseded 
others previously used which were in the 
Weti'IA, or book language In course of time 
more hymns were desired, and each of the 
missions, taking Mr. Bnrus's book as a founda- 
tion, pub. a Hymnal of its own. (a) The hymn- 
book of the C.M.S. contains 198 hymns, and 
was prepared by the Revs. J. B. Wolfe, B. 
W. Stewart, m.a., and LI. Lloyd, Mr. Wolfe 
being the principal contributor, (p) The hymn- 
book of the A. B. C. contains 165 hymns. 
Through the kindness of the Bev. C. Hartwell, 
one of the principal contributors to this book, 
a copy is now before us printed at Foochow, 
on native paper. It contains several original 
hymns by native converts, (e) The hymn- 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

book of the A. M. E. has 180 hymns, and wa» 
prepared by the Revs. B. S. Maclay, t>j>., 8. 
L. Baldwin, n.D., and F. Oblinger. A large 
number of (he hymns are common to all three 
books. 

(3) We are indebted to the Rev. John Chal- 
mers, ll.d., of Hongkong, one of the oldest and 
most learned missionaries now in China, for the 
following information concerning Hongkong 
and Canton. When he came to China in 1852 
he found a book in use, pub, two years pre- 
viously by Rev. Dr. Legge, entitled 

(1) Bymnifor the worthip of the Lard. Tbe number 
of hymns vu SI, with T doxologles. No hymn wu a 
translation, and everything was done In regard to lan- 
guage and metre to command the respect of the literary 
class, and in so fir it was a success. In I860 Dt. Chal- 
mers pub. an ed. of this boot with tones in the osoal 
English notation, and for nearly 30 years this was the 
only book In ose in tbe London Mission at Canton and 
in Hongkong. In iat» Dr. Chalmers pub. Mm Sana) 
for the wrrhipqf the Lord, as a Awpknent to the 
previous booh. This contained IS translations of popu- 
lar English and American hymnat and being liked by 
the people, received, in 1984, considerable additions, 
Tbe volume thus Anally produced is tbe one now In 
use. 

(a) BDm-mfor Singing Praise. W. If. &., Canton, 
issa. " This," eays Dr. Chalmers, " was one of the 
moat successful early attempts to translate English 
hymns." Tbe translator was tbe Rev, tieoige Plercy. 
Tlie number of hymns Is 31. Tbe translation is by no 
means literal, and the rbymlng is somewhat adapted to 
Chinese ideas. 

(3) Hymnifar prattlng the Lora\ J~B. X.. Canton, 
18?s. It contains about 2ft of the L. M. 3. bymns, 
nearly all the 34 of the W. M. S. In both cases much 
altered, and many other translations of English ami 
American hymns, making up 186. 

(4) Bymntfur pratiina the lord. W. Jf. $., Canton, 
1ST?. A book much like tbe preceding, and containing 
230 hymns. It was compiled by the Rev. Q. Plercy, 
before named. 

(5) Hymn-book of the Battl Iftttien. Hongkong, 
1884. "ThlBbook,"saysI>r. Chalmers, "Is exceptionally 
good." The number of hymns is 2B+. Many are trans- 
lations from German hymns, and those taken from the 
Baptist and Wesleyan books are usually Improved in 
style. Beginning, about I860, with a book of 66 hymns 
compiled by the Hev. R. Lechler, it has attained its 
present site and arrangement through the combined 
labours of Messrs. Fiton, Genabr, Lechler, Bender and 
others. 

(6) Bonn-took of the C. X. S., flbnofewo. Altered 
from blocks in the Americo-Chinese College, Peking, 
1886. This book has been Introduced by Bishop Burdon. 
It contains 316 hymns and 10 doxologies. 

It remains to add a few words in regard to 
the music sung to these hymns and the metres 
employed. Chinese native music is quite un- 
suited to sacred song. English, American and 
German tunes are thereforo used and are 
commonly liked by the people. 

In most of tho books named above our 
metres are used and the lines rhyme as in 
Knglish. Bnt in the Canton book of the 
L. M. S. and one or two others, the rules of 
Chinese poetry are observed, some of which 
are as follows. " Sevens " is decidedly tho 
"Common Metre," our cm. and s.m. being re- 
garded ns irregular innovations. Next comes 
" Fives," and then " Eights," which is really 
" Fours," every four syllables making a clause. 
The same rhyme is kept up from the begin- 
ning to the end of a hymn, an arrangement 
made easy by the nature of the language. 
Let the following represent a hymn of eight 
lines, and the two kinds of marks, X and o, 
indicate the alternations of " tones " required 
in a finished poem. The proper place* for tho 
rhyme syllable and changes of tone may be 
expressed thus : — 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

1. X X o o X X rhyme-syllable 
a. o o X X o o rhyme 
3. OOXXOOX 
*. X X 6 o x X rhyme 
S.XXOOXXX 
t. o a x X o d rhyme 
?. oooxoox 
8. X X X X X X rhyme. 
There should also be antitSeele of meaning between 
the third and fourth, and between the fifth and sixth 



Beferrlng to the difficulty of compliance with these 
strange uh exacting rules, a mlssionsry correspondent 
wittily observes tbat the descendants of the writer or 
the 119th Psalm would be the likeliest peraons to 
succeed In the attempt to create a good Christian Chinese 
hymn, 

ill Siam. 

The name Biam both stands for Siam pro- 
per (oliief city, Bangkok) and, in a wider sense, 
embraces certain dependent States of Shane 
and Laos, with a part of the Karen country. 
The population consists of about 6,000,000 in 
Slam proper, 3,000,000 Shang and Laos, and 
awards of 1,500,000 Chinese. The religion 
or nearly the whole country is Buddhism, 
mingled with a kind of nature worship in the 
ruder tribes of the north. The Siamese lan- 
guage is monosyllabic, many words haying a 
variety of different meanings, according to the 
tone with which they are pronounced. The 
A.B.M. has missions to the numerous Chinese 
of Bangkok, and to the Karens and Sbans, for 
a notioe of which see Hum, The A. B. C. 
commenced a mission to the Siamese in 1840, 
which since 1S71 has been carried on by the 
American Presbyterians. It hag stations tit 
Bangkok and Petohaburi (about S3 miles to 
the south from Bangkok), and also among the 
Laos, 500 miles to the north. The Laos 
speak a language akin to Siamese. 

The first hymn-book in Siamese was prepared by 
missionaries of the A. B. C„ with the title Sacred SMtg*. 
The 3rd ed, bean date IBM, and comprises, with a 
SfwJeswnt, 1M hymns. Another book, with a similar 
titled ma pub. by the A. B. M. In I860, containing 1Z3 
hymns, the compiler being the Rev. S. J. Smith, a Bap- 
tut missionary. A few years later a small collection 
was pub. for use in schools and prayer-meetings. These 
have all been superseded by the Siavttte Hywnal, pre- 
pared by Dr. B.G. McFarland, and printed at Fetcbsburl 
in J8T6. It contains 313 hymns, and has passed through 
several editions, the last In 188*. For this book the best 
of the old hymns En the two SacrtdSanfft were selected, 
and many new ones translated or composed. A smaller 
and cheaper book Is also abont to be Issued. 

About 400 hymns now exist in Siamese, 
most of them being translations from the Eng- 
lish by various missionaries, Of the original 
compositions some are by missionaries ; 10 
good ones are by a converted Buddhist priest 
named Chan ; and quite a number by Kru 
Phoon, a native who, strange to say, is still a 
Buddhist, though having been in the employ 
of the mission as scribe and translator for 18 
years, he has a good knowledge of bolh the 
doctrines and spirit of Christianity. Miss 
Mary L. Cart, of the A. P. M. (to whom we 
are indebted for much of the preceding infor- 
mation), has sent us a list of the principal 
translated hymns, which includes most of 
those best known in England and America. 
Our metres and tunes are used, and the lines 
rhyme as with as. Native sirs have not yet 
been utilised in Christian song. " Siamese 
music is very weird and monotonous, and is 
never usod in the temple services, only at 
funerals and weddings, in processions, and in 
connection with boat-races and theatres." 



MISSIONS, FOBEIGN 745 

Every native song is composed in lines of 11 
syllables, but the Siamese learn western tunes 
readily, and seem to like them, especially 
times in 11 "a metre, and everything in a minor: 
key. 

iv, Burma, 
Under the head of Burma we have to speak 
(1) of Burma proper, and (2) of certain tribes 
inhabiting the more mountainous districts, and 
known as Karens and Shans. 

(t) Burma Proper. In Burma the J. B. M, , 
8. P. O. and W. iff. 8. have missions, but that 
of the last named has been commenced only 
recently. The A. B. Mission was begun in 
1814, by the celebrated Bev. Dr. Judson [p, 
609, 1,3, and In the early years of the mission 
there was no singing. Dr. Judson himself 
could not sing, and according to Barman 
ideas, singing in connection with worship was 
improper. In the native mind it was almost 
exclusively associated with theatrical and 
other similar performances. After a time, how- 
ever, Dr. Judson composed the first Burman 
hymn— 

" Shway pyee koimg-gfn," 

H Gvlden country ofheaven," 

and his fellow missionary, Dr. Wade, became 
responsible for the music. But it was not 
until long after, on the arrival of missionaries 
named Cutter and Hancock, who were good 
singers, that "the service of song" became 
popular as a part of worship. 

The Baptists in Burma have now a hymn- 
book containing 294 hymns, 125 being transla- 
tions and 169 originals. Through the Kindness 
of the Bev. H. S. Bumge, ».n,, of Portland, 
Maine, we are enabled to give the following 
particulars, supplied by the Bev. Dr. Cuehing, 
the missionary in Burma : — 

Three of the hymns, and tlwse among the heat, are 
by Dr. Judson. They are almost the only ones In wbtcb 
s foreigner haa endeavoured to embody Burman Ideas of 
poetry, which are very different from ours. In Burman 
songs the lines are nsnally abort, and ' rhyme runs riot,' 
It being qnlte common for every word In a line to rhyme 
with the corresponding word In the second verse of the 
couplet. This arrangement is comparatively easy, owing 
to the monosyllabic character of the language. Fifteen 
hymns were written by Mrs. Sarah 13. Judson [p, 609, i+], 
the Doctor's second wife (d. In TstBV sod one by his 
third wife Emily C. Judson (d. In ISM). Eighty-nine 
hymns, chiefly trt. or adaptations from tbe English, 
are by the Rev, E. A. Stevens, djj. ; his sun, tbe Rev. 
E, 0. Stevens, b. In Burma in 1838, contributed 4J. 
Mrs. C. Simons (tl to 1843) composed 29 bymns, said to 
be very excellent. The Rev. J. K. Haewell (d. lalJ) 
contributed IS hymna. Burman was a mother tungae to 
him, and his hymns have much of tbe sonorous, stately 
movement which characterises the reLLfllous langaage of 
tbe people. 14 hymns were composed liy tbe Kev. L. 
Ingalle (d. 18BS) i 13 by the Rev, J. M. Ilaswell, D.n. (d. 
18BS1, and 10 by the Itev. Lyman Stllson (d. 188B). tine 
Rev.1T. Brown, d.0„ whod. at Yokohama in 188G(seB 
Japut), wsh the writer of s hymns in the Burman hymn- 
book, one of which, a translation of ' There is a happy 
land/ has always been exceedingly popular. Tbe Rev. 
Jon. Wade, n.n,,caUeagneofDr, Judson, was the author 
of T hymns. Otueta were written by Miss Kate F. 
Evans, tbe Revs. A. R. B. Crawley, T. Allen, and Cephas 
Bennett, Mr. B. Le Geois, Mrs. Crawley, Mrs. R. A. 
Bailey, Mrs. H. C Stevens, and Mm. A. IV. Lonsdale. 
Several native Burmans have also composed hymns, 
some of which are written In lines of seven syllables, In 
accordance with tbe Burmese style. One or these 
Burmans. Moung Shway Bwln, was a man of some 
literary reputation, and assisted Rev. L. Stllson in pre, 
paring tbe lad edition of the hymn-book. 

Besides tbe book just described, another has been pub. 
In connection with tbe A. B. M* t containing more than 
300 of I. Saukey'e Sac. Song* and SHot. A few of the 
translations are by missionaries already named, but 
most are by Ah Sow and Ah Syoo, two brothers of 



746 MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

Chinese extraction on their father's side, employed as 
teachers in a mission school at Manlmaln. 

In connection with the 8. P. O. mission a 
hymn-book was pub. in 1879, edited by the 
Rev. J. Fairclougb, but prepared chiefly by 
the Rev. James A. Colbeck. It contains, in- 
cluding the two Appendices about 120 hymns. 
One appendix was prepared by the Rev. T. 
Riekard. A few hymns are taken from the 
book of the A. B. M., but most are translations 
by the Rev. Messrs, Colbeck and Riekard. 
English metres and tunes are used, and tbc 
lines rliyme as with us. 

(11,) Other parte of Burma, In the hill country 
of Burma dwell the 

(i.) Karens, a semi-aboriginal people, of 
Mongolian origin, divided into three tribes, 
speaking distinct dialects of a monosyllabic 
language, Sgan, Bghni, and Pgho or Pwo, 
The missions of the A. B. K. have been re- 
markably successful among them, many thou- 
sands having embraced the Christum faith. 

(1) For their use a hymn-book ha* been prepared in 
the jS&au Ka,reu dialect containing 442. hymns, 2ie of 
which arc translations or adaptations of English hymns 
by Mre. Cali&ta Vinton (u. 1865\ wife of the missionary, 
the Bev. Justus H. Vinton. This lady his been spoken 
of »b the " Witts " of Karen hytnaody. Her son, the Bev. 
J. It. Vinton, d.d., h. In Burma, contributed OH hymns 
(chiefly trtnBlationsSto the same book. G4 were -written 
by the Key. 15. C. Thomas (d. ises)i 46 by the Bev. 
D. A.tV. Smith, n.o., now President of the Rangoon Theo- 
logical Seminary, and 9 by the Hev. EL B. Cross, n.n. The 
Hev. Francis Hasan, n.u,, translator of the Keren Bible, 
was the Author of many hymns, only Q of which have been 
preserved in the Sgau Karen hymn-book, Ale also pre- 
pared a volume ot hymns la the Jighai VEaren dialect, 
which was used until recently in the Bghal churches. 
Dr. Mason's hymns are written In the style of native 
Karen poetry. Each line consists of seven syllables, and 
the thought Lb expressed In couplets resembling the 
parallelism ot Hebrew poetry. They can he fitly used 
only with the " plaintive, -weird, strangely sweet " native 
Karen music, and hence at the revision of the hymn-book 
many uf them were replaced by others -which couid be 
suirg to Western tunes. The remaining hymns were 
contributed by other missionaries or their wives, or by 
native hymn-writers. 

(z) Church Hymni. A book with this title vi£ 
brought out in 1881 bytbe Bev. Wordsworth Jones, mis- 
sionary of tiie S. P. 6?., among the JSffau Kwent. It 
originally comprised es hymns. In 1865 an Appendix 
was added containing 56 liymne. These an chiefly 
translations, J9 being by the Bev. W. Jones, 9 ly the 
Bev. T. W. Windley, and 2 by J. Hackney; others are 
from the hook or the .a. B. M. Thirteen are original, 
4 being composed by the Hev, W. Jones, and otbere Tyy 
native clergymen. A. large number of the translations 
are from if. A. it X* English metres and tunes are 
UBed, and are appreciated by the natives. 

(ii.) fttho Karen, The Rev. D. L. Brayton, 
of tbc A. B. M., is the pridcipal translator and 
composer of hymns in this dialect. He trans- 
lated the Bible into Pgho or Pwo Karen, and 
is tho author of most of its Christian literature. 

(iii.) Blum. The Shans are a, numerous 
people, occupying most of the region between 
Burma and China, the Siamese being one 
branch. They are Buddhists, and in their 
various branches speak the same language 
with little variation. Many are found in 
Burma, in tho basin of tho Irawadi and else- 
where ; and for their use ft hyma-book, con- 
taining 87 hymns, lias been prepared by 
missionaries of the A. B. M. Seventy-nine of 
those are translations and four originals, by 
tlic Rev. J. N. Cushing, D.E. Three were com- 
posed by Shway Wo, an able man, ubo in the 
reotnt occupation of Upper Burma by the 
English, acted as chief Shan interpreter. 

(iv.) Khyan, or Chin. There is also a people 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

related to the Karens inhabiting the hills 
separating Upper Burma from the Shan and 
Chinese territories, and speaking a language 
called Kuyan. A small hymn-book bus been 
prepared foT them, but we are unable to supply 
particulars. 

It may be added that in Burma are many 
Tclugu, Tamil, and oven Chinese immigrants, 
whose religious needs are not overlooked by 
Christian missionaries. For their use hymn- 
books are brought from mission stations in 
India and China. 

v. India. 

In the collection of countries to which wo 
give the general name of India more than 
250,000,000 of people dwell, the various nations 
and tribes differing in colour, stature and other 
physical characteristics, having different local 
customs and, what chiefly concerns us novr, 
speaking many different languages. In our 
account of hymnody in India it will be most 
convenient to treat the subject in sections 
according to the languages. 

(1) The Northern and Central parts nro 
inhabited chiefly by nations of the Aryan 
stock, the principal languages of this group 
being Bengalf, Proud, Hindi, Hindustdni or 
Urdil, Mardthi, Gujardtf, I'unjabf and Sindhi. 
Sanskrit, to which all in this group are re- 
lated, is not a spoken language ; it is the 
language of the learned ana has no Christian 
hymns. [See Various, under HJHioni. 7.] 

(2) In the South of India are nations and 
tribes of what is called the Dravidian group. 
Their languages belong to the agglutinative 
phase of human speed], as opposed to the 
inflexional stage, represented by tho later 
Aryan migrations into India. The principal 
members of this group are Tamil, Telugu, 
Malaydlam, Canarem, and TtAu. 

(3) Tribes of common origin, thongh now 
often widely separated, and whoso languages 
belong to what philologists call tho Kotarian 
group, occupy certain mountainous, wooded 
regions, usually remote from the coast. These 
are the Santals, Kohl*, Juangt, and others. 
Descended probably from the most ancient 
inhabitants of India, they are often spoken of 
as Aborigines* 

(4) Lastly, there arc tribes occupying Assam, 
Siklzim, and the posses lending towards Thibet 
and China, whose languages form part of the 
Thibeto-Burman group. These are the 
Kacharis, Deori-Chutias, Bhuthis, Lepchae, 
and others. 

i. The Northern and Central Groups. 

In these groups wo have : — 

]. Bengali, the vernacular of ncirly SO 
millions of people, 

Baptiite. — The first to compose Christian 
hymns in this language was the celebrated 
Baptist missionary, Dr. Carey. In Dr. Rippon's 
Annual Begieter is a hymn in Bengali, written 
by Dr. Carey about 1798, and translated into 
English by J, Fountain [Fountain, J., p. 344, i.]. 
The subject is " the Penitent's Prayer and 
Resolve." and the metre, tho English 8.7.4, to 
be sung to the tune " Helinsley." Some time 
afterwards a hymn-book was prepared by the 
Seramiwre Missionaries, and in 1810 the mis- 
sionary, J. Chamberlain, pub. a volume con- 
sisting cbiellyof translations of English hymns. 



MISSIONS, FOBEIGN 

The book at present in use at the Baptist 
mission stations appeared about fifty years ago, 
and wqb edited by the Rev. Geo. Pearce (d. 
1887). It contains 475 hymns, chiefly in 
native metres. Among the anthais named are 
W, Carey, J. Chamberlain, G. Peaioe and A. 
Sutton. The names of 18 Bengalis also ap- 
pear among the contributors, and Krishna 
Pal's well-known hymn is included. 

Church of England. — (1) The hymn-hoak 
used in the Anglican missions (0. M. S. and 
8. P. (?.) entitled ' Hymns Old and New,' was 
prepared by a committee of tho two Societies 
and has been often revised and enlarged,— on 
the last occasion, in 1884, It contains 540 
hypms, 251 being in English metres, and 
almost all translations. Tho remaining 292 
ore in Bengali metres, and are nearly oil 
original. The chief and belt translator was 
the late Eov. C P. Greaves ; others were 
Revs. J. Vaughan, A. Stern, C, Bomwetsch, 
J. J. Weitbrecht, J. J. Linke, 0. D. Lippe, and 
Mr. J. K. Biswas, all of the C. iff. 8. A few 
hymns ore taken from the Baptist collection. 
The original hymns in Bengali metres were 
nearly all written by native Christians. An 
Appendix to this hook containing about 400 
hymns is in preparation and will be pub. by 
the Bishop's College, 

(2) The 'Sabbath School Hymn Book,' was 
prepared by the Teachers of the Trinity 
Ohuwh Sunday School, and contains 254 
hymns. 2ud edit, in 1885. 

(3) The 0. M. 8. 'Mimon Eymn Book' 
appeared in 1397. It contains 55 hymns. 

Special mention ought to be made of the 
part taken in this great work of the Church 
by the Rev. Jacob K. Biswas, tutor in tho 
Divinity School of the 0. X. S. He has 
composed and translated no fewer than 1000 
hymns in English and Bengali metres. Many 
of these have appeared in the books alrondy 
named and in the Hymnals described below. 

Wedeyan.— In connection with the W. M. 8. 
a book has been prepared entitled A Methodist 
Hymnal for Bengal (2nd ed., 1886), the com- 
piler being the Bev. J. A. Macdonald. It con- 
tains 322 hymns, and 51 lyrics of a kind very 
popular in all parts of India (see §§ Karotld, 
Tamil, &c), usually snng in processions at 
festivals, to the accompaniment of a drum and 
cymbals. Many of the translations are by the 
editor. Others ore by the missionaries of the 
B. M. S. and O. M. S. t named above, with the 
addition of the Revs. H. Hnrrison and O. 
Krauss, of the C. AT. 8., and N. C. Biswas of 
the W. M. 8. 

The Calcutta Vernacular Education Society 
has pub. a hymn-book called Citikar, contain- 
ing 138 selected hymns. It is being revised, 
and promises to become very popular. 

A. iff. E.— The Rev. J. P. Meik, of the 
A. M. E., has brought out a similar small col- 
lection, consisting of original and translated 
hymns. 

K. 8 3T— In 18S4 tho missionaries of the 
K. S. M. adopted the Anglican Bengali hymn- 
book. Before tbnt time thoy had used two 
small hymnals prepared by Bobn Bipro Charan 
Chakrabutty. This gentleman has recently 
pub. a collection of 29 lyrics of the kind men- 
tioned above. 

Indeed, small collections of hymns by 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 747 

educated Christian Datives are very common 
in Bengal. Such are the GUarmiU) (" Im- 
mortal Songs ">, by Amrito Lai Nath, said to 
be very good; the Khulnea Hymns, by Gogou 
Chunder Dutt; Gitanfaur ("Song Germs"), 
Gitmala (" Garland of Songs"), and Gitrotro 
(" Jewels of Songs "), by a Chi istian Evange- 
list, Modhu Sndon Sircar. The last-named 
collection contains many hymns very appro- 
priate for Bazar preaching. 

In connection with Bengali hymns and 
hymn-writing the following remarks by the 
Bev. G, H. Bouse, «,a., of Calcutta (B. M, S.) 
arc worthy of notice :— 

"Kative Bengali hymnody la abundant; hot meagre. 
New hymns are being constantly made, bat the range is 
limited j very little about the Hob/ Ghost, or Christian 
experience, except of the mournful order. ' O my sou), 
bow wleked thou art,' is a sentiment we are always 
meeting: ; but ' How happy they that know the Laid 1 ' 
does not meet with mncb response. Joyous Christian 
experience is very deficient In the native church of 
Bengal, but things are improving." 

Perhaps these statements may bo partly 
explained *iy tho fact that in this part of 
India the native idea of music is wholly 
melancholy. 

2. TJrfya. Travelling from Calcutta in a 
south-westerly direction for about 70 miles wo 
leave Bengal proper and enter the province of 
Orissa, containing a population or 5,250,000. 
The language la called Uriyd and belongs to 
the Sanscrit group. At Furi in Orissa is 
the world-famous shrine of Juggernaut, visited 
by 300,000 pilgrims annually. Pot many 
years the General Baptists have had a mission 
in Orissa, their principal station being Cut- 
tack. Since 1836 the Free Baptists of New 
England, whose doctrinal sentiments are 
similar to those of the General Baptists, have 
occupied Balasore and other stations in the 
northern part of tho province. 

The first Uriya bynin-book was pub, fbr the Baptists 
by Iter. Amos Sutton, p.p., in 1b*4. [See Sutton, A.l 
It contained 310 hymns, 179 of which bear the initial 
of tbe compiler. Gongs Dhor , the first Uriya convert, 
a Brahmin by birth and education, composed G9, and 
Rev. C. LaceySi. Bnt this hymn-book has lung been 
disused. As the Christian community Increased, hymn- 
writers and hymns increased rapidly, and from these 
latter selections -were made from time to time, and 
printed in tract form. The hyum*book now in use 
amongst the Baptists consists of eight of these eelectlons 
hound together in one volume. The total number of 
hymns is SOS, from SS contributors, of whom IS are now 
living, Forty hymns from the old book are retained, 
including some of Dr. Sutton's and 23 of Gunga DIiot'b. 
ft ie believed that several of these latter, irom their 
superior quality, as regards both sentiment and poetry, 
will continue in use for a long time to come, hfakunda 
Das, who has been called the "Dr. Watts tf Orissa," 
composed 145 of the hymns in tbe present book*. £hem 
Sahu is the author of 57. Other native contributors are 
Kartick Samal, Bamatleb, and Daniel Mahanty. In the 
first book a number of the hymns were in English 
metres. These have disappeared, and the present col- 
lection consists entirely of hymns in native metres 
adapted to the ballad tunes of tbe country. Makunda 
Das has also prepared, in conjunction with Shem Satin 
and llcv. P. E, freberlet, a selection of hymns Ibr the 
Ytming, mostly translations from the Englisu. A number 
of these are In English metres, and are sung to English 
tones in tbe schools. 

3. Hindi, and Urdu, Ascending the stream 
of the Ganges in a north-westerly direction 
we enter, as wo pass the city of Bajmahal, ft 
vast and populous region in which two lan- 
guages are spoken, Hindi ond Urdu 1 , called 
also Hindustani. This region includes the 
North-West Provinces, Ondh, and the north- 
ern part of the Central Provinces of India, 



d: 



748 MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

with a total population of 80,000,000. Some 
prefer to speak of these two languages as but 
different forms of one language, though they 
bib almost as diverse as English and German. 
Hindi, which, is allied to the Sanscrit, may be 
regarded as the original vernacular; Urdd, 
literally, " Camp " language, came in with the 
Mnhammodan conquerors of the country, and 
has Hindi for its basis, with a large admixture 
both of Persian, the court language of the 
Moguls, and of Arabic, the sacrea language of 
Islam. Hindi uses the Sanserit characters, 
upright, square and block-like ; Prdil em- 
iloys the Persian script characters, which are 
listinguished by flowing curves and are 
written from right to left Urdii is most 
common in large cities, and is used by Mu- 
hammadans; Hindi is preferred by the villa- 
gers, and wherever Hindu influences prevail. 
The two languages, says Dr. Hooper, of the 
C. iff. 8. " act upon one another, and neither 
is spoken pure, except as a farm of pedantry." 
The educated classes commonly understand 
both. 

(«) The mingling of tho two languages is 
seen in the first hymn-book we notice, the Sal 
Sangrah, or Git Sangrah, issued in connection 
with the It. M. 8., and used at their stations 
in Monghyr, Allahabad, Agra, Benares, 
Delhi, Patna and Dinapore. This book, which 
has reached a 5th edition, contains 267 hymns, 
of which 193 are in (a) Hindi, language and 
metre ; 41 in (6) 11V<W, language and metre ; 
and 33 (c) Hindi language and English metre. 

Most of the 1st class (a) wers written by the Revs, J, 
Chamberlain (d. leas), J. ParaonB,of Hongbyr(d. 1SS9), 
and Mr. J. Christian, an Indigo planter, a member 
of Ibe Baptist Church at Monghyr (d. 1B83). A few are 
by native converts. The whole of the 2nd class (o) are 
by Hindu composers! The 3rd (e), which are free ver- 
sions of English and German hymns, are by various 
missionaries. Two edg. or this book with music have 
been pub. by Dr. Lazarus. 

The hymns of Mr. John Christian, com- 
posed to Hindu airs and in Hindu metres, 
deserve special notice. Anglican, Baptist and 
Congregational missionaries all speak of them 
as being peculiarly excellent, and as likely to 
retain a high place in the affection of the 
Christian Churches of tliie part of India for a 
long time to come. 

Before us is a collection of 100 hymns, 
called Satyd-Shatah, all by Mr. Christian, in- 
cluding, however, some in the hymn-book 
already described. This is not a book intended 
for use in the churches, but rather to be 
circulated as a tract. Indeed, tracts of hymns 
are much employed as a missionary agency, 
the people of India being extremely fond of 
anything in the form of poetry ; and Mr, 
Christian's hymns may often be heard sung 
in the streets, as snatches of songs ere with us. 

(6) Another collection similar to the one 
just named has been sent us by Col. Millett, of 
Dharinsala, India (to whom we are indebted 
for much of the information contained in this 
section). It is entitled Diffwion of PraUe, a 
Book of Bhajant, pub. by the North India 
Book and Tract Society. 

And here It may be stated that the word llhdjan Is 
the name usually given in this part of India to & hymn 
composed to a native Hindu tone, and it implies the 
tnne as well as the words. Col. Mlllett says " there is 
no equivalent for this word in the English language. It 
may be termed a song in a savage state." But speaking 



MISSIONS, FOREIGN 

generally, Mu&m is the Hindu name, and Gfcrtial the 
Mnhatumadan name, for a Christian hymn In native 
s^yle. 

(e) An Vrdii hymnal was compiled and 
printed eight years ago by the Rev. R. If. 
Guyton, for the use of the Baptist Mission in 
Delhi, It is entitled Kharzdnd i Khvrrami, 
and contains the 193 Hindi' hymns of the 
Sat Sangrah (named above) tranAUarated ; 
the 41 in Urdu, with about 70 additional, 
extracted or contributed. 

(d) The A. P. iff. pub. in 1872, 2o6tfr aw 
Git (" Psalms and Hymns "). It contains 485 
hymns in English metres, nearly all in Urdil, 
the few exceptions being in Hindi; also, 31 
Bhaja.ni, chiefly Hindi, with a few Ghasalt in 
Vrdit. An appendix of 72 tunes is added. 

The editor of this book was the Rev. J. F. Ullmann, 
who also translated, from the English or German, the 
far greater number of the bymna. Some are by the Bavs, 
Messrs. Drodbead, Dauble, Droese and Janvier, and a 
few by Shujaat Alf, a native poet of some eminence, 
recently deceased. This boot Is prlnteJ In Soman 
characters, and is used in other missions besides the 
A. P. X. 

(e) The Masihi GO hi Kitilb (" Christian 
Hymn-book "), printed in 1876 at the Secun- 
dra Orphanage Press, near Agra, was pre- 
pared at the suggestion of the Rev. J. Erhardt 
by a committee of missionaries of tho S. P. O. 
& G. iff. S„ and ib arranged according to the 
order of the Christian Year, It contains 387 
hymns in English metres and 13 Bkajarto. 
The translations are chiefly by the Bev, 
Messrs. Banli, Ullmann, Dauble, and Erhardt. 
Bishop French and others contributed single 
hymns. Many are identical with tho hymns 
in the book of A. P. M. It is printed in both 
Soman and Persian Urdu characters. 

(/) Git H Kim ("Book of Hymns") is 
the Urdti Hymnal of the A. Jtf. E., and is 
printed in both Roman and Urdu" characters. 
It contains 210 hymns in English metres, 75 
Ghazalt and Bhajaus, and 16 hymns for 
Sunday-schools. The list of translators and 
composere of hymns contains the names of 
Ullmann, Fieldbrave, Baume, Waugh, Dauble, 
Brodhead, Parker, Chamberlain, Mansell, 
Gill, Janvier, Christian, Shujaat Ali and 
others. 

(g) The preceding are the principal books ; 
others less important include : — 

6 itdwali, •' HymnB and Songs lor Children," by J. F. 
Ullmann; Int. our Son ("Bricks and Brickbats") 
Hymns for Children, with music, by the liev, E. Droese ; 
Sikanira K Choti Gttmdld ("The Little Slkanura 
Hymnbook"J, by the Rev. C. 6. Dauble, acouectlon of 
63 hymns and Antheme j Chati Git W Kitab, '* Sunday 
School atir Ibadat ne Llye," containing 152 hymns, pub. 
at Lncknow, In tS84, at the Church Mission Congrega- 
tional Press ; Statl Prakdib., a book of Hindi hymns bat 
-the Rev. W. F.Johnson, of the A. P. M. 

It may bo added that the American United 
Presbyterian Church, which does not use 
hymns, has brought out, in connection with 
the Siilkot Mission, metrical versions of many 
Psalms, by Licentiate T. D. Sliah Baz, and 
quite recently (1887), a collection of 100 
Psalms in metre printed at the Secundm Or- 
phanage Press, Agra. 

(ft) In the brood tableland of Chota Ntig- 
pore, about 200 miles from Oaloutta, are very 
successful missions of the German Evangelical 
Lutherans and of the S. P. G. The inhabi- 
tants are chiefly aboriginal tribes belonging 
to two distinct races, the Munddris or Kolhs, 
at the Kolaeian group, and tho Urawtt, of the 



MISSIONS, FOBEION 

Dravidian group of South India. Of the 
former we shall speak again in the section 
devoted to the aborigines of India. Both are 
to some extent acquainted with Hindi, as well 
as with their own languages. Hence the 
following books have been prepared in Hindi. 

(a) The Hymnal of the German £. L. Mission, re- 
printed and enlarged several times between 1S60 and 
1BS0, and now containing 133 hymns, chiefly translated 
from the German, by the Kevs, & Schsts, H. Batsoh, 
and other*. 

(o) The Anglican ItatrcA tfymnol, including many 
hymns from the German hook, with 22 from IF. -4. & 
K, translated by the Kcv. J. C. Whitley, together with 
Miss HavergaTa " Tell it out among the heathen," and 
** Lord* apeak to me," by the same author. The metres 
and tunes used are English and German, usually toe 
same as in the originate, 

(c) A hook of Hymnt for Children, by the mission- 
aries of the German E. L. M.,i& now (1888) ready for 
publication. 

(i) The Bev. H. D. Williamson, of tho 
C, M. 8, of Mnndla, in the Oentiul Provinces, 
bag lately compiled a small hymn-book in 
Hindi, containing some hymns of his own 
composition, but wo are without information 
as to particulars. 

(Jr) The United Presbyterians of Scotland 
have important missions in Bajpootana, and 
in the Annual Beport for 1887 are some 
interesting allusions to hymns and sacred 
song. For instance : — 

At AJmere the school children ''commit hymns to 
memory and make vigorous, if not always successful, 
efforts to slug." At Oodeypore " the children can repeat 
and sing several of the hymns dear to the heart of child- 
hood all the world over." And at Ulwar " every Tues- 
day evening a service of praise Is held in the church. 
Christian hymns and bhajana are aung to the accompa- 
niment of the organ, and a brief address is given." 
The principal hymn-book used 1b one of which the 2nd 
(enlarged) edition appeared In 1SS3, It comprises 
about 300 hymna and bhajans, printed In Hindi cha- 
racters, though many are in the Urdu language. It is 
chiefly a compilation from the hymnals named above, 
In paragraphs a, 4, « and/, with additions, original and 
translated, by Munshi Hasan All, the Bev. J, Gray 
(editor) arid others. 

(!) Leaving this part of India and re- 
crossing a portion of the immense district 
already traversed, on the slope of the gigantic 
Himalayas, we arrive at the K. 8. iff. at »*r- 
jaaling, and the Scottish Universities Mission. 
in British and Independent Sikkim. The 
languages spoken in these districts are Hindi, 
Nep&li, Bengali', Urdif, Lepchfi and Bhutia; 
but Nepali is a dialect of Hindi, and Hindi is 
the lingua franca used by the Mission. Up 
to 1884 a hymn-book had been need consisting 
of the Urdii hymnal of the L. M. 8. at Mirza- 
pore bound up with some HindC hymns 
collected by the late Bev, W. Macfarlane of 
the K. 8. iff. Bat in that year the Bev. A. 
Tumbnll, b.s. pub. a book entitled Prayer 
and Hymn Collection. 

It contains IBS hymns. Twenty-two are origtnala or 
translations by Mr. Turnbuli; one is by Rev. J. F. 
Campbell, of Mhowj the rest are token from other Hindi 
or Urdu hymn-books, euchae the G r &&woraA.(£.Jf.&) 
referred to above, the Oiiputtdk (Allahabad, 1883), and 
the collection previously used. 

The hymns are mainly translations of well- 
known English hymns or paraphrases of 
Scripture. English metres and tunes are 
used, and the lines are made to rhyme as in 
English. Mr. Tumbnll, however, informs us 
that frequently hymns to native tunes are 
prepared by native Christians, and litho- 
graphed fur nse. Many of these, as adapted 



MISSIONS, FOBEIGN 



749 



to the tastes of the people, will be incor- 
porated in the next edition of the Hymnal. 

4. Fanjihi. — In the Panjab, or region of the 
five rivers, eight missionary societies have 
been labouring with considerable success dur- 
ing the last forty years. The chief of these 
havo been American and Scottish Presbyterian 
Societies and the C. M. 8. Urdii is exten- 
sively spoken in the Panjab, and its use as the 
language of literature is extending, but Pan- 
yV&f, a language closely akin to western Hindi, 
is still the vernacular. Dr. H. U, Weitbrecht, 
of the G. iff. 8., says it is " essentially a 
peasant's language and is in danger of relega- 
tion to the position of a mere patois." It is 
written mainly in two characters, Gurmukhf 
and Persian. Gurmv&ht signifies that which 
has to do with the month of the Guni, or re- 
ligious teacher, and it is the sacred character 
of the Sikh religion. From Dr. Weitbrecht 
we learn that the following hymn-books hare 
appeared in Pnnjrfof :— 

(I) Gitan dt I>i>tki. A collection of Urdu and Hindf 
hymns and bhajans, compiled from various sources and 
printed in the Gurmukhf character. By the Rev. E, P. 
Newton, of the Lndhiana A. P.M., 61 pp. 1381. 

(») Muihi Git kl Ktm. The hymn-book of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church, pub. at Lucknow In Urdu- 
GnrcnukM character. 140pp. 18B4. EditedbytheBev. 
J. Newton, of the Ij&bore A.